Type: Fungi

Sl. No.
Genus Name
Species Name
Application

1


Alterneria


 

Alternaria is Deuteromycetes fungi, with sepate mycelium. Perfect stage is not seen often.

Common Species are as follows

Alternaria alternata
Alternaria alternantherae
Alternaria arborescens
Alternaria arbusti
Alternaria blumeae
Alternaria brassicae
Alternaria brassicicola
Alternaria burnsii
Alternaria carotiincultae
Alternaria carthami
Alternaria celosiae
Alternaria cinerariae
Alternaria citri
Alternaria conjuncta
Alternaria cucumerina
Alternaria dauci
Alternaria dianthi
Alternaria dianthicola
Alternaria eichhorniae
Alternaria euphorbiicola
Alternaria gaisen
Alternaria helianthi
Alternaria helianthicola
Alternaria hungarica
Alternaria infectoria
Alternaria japonica
Alternaria limicola
Alternaria linicola
Alternaria longipes
Alternaria molesta
Alternaria panax
Alternaria perpunctulata
Alternaria petroselini
Alternaria radicina
Alternaria raphani
Alternaria saponariae
Alternaria selini
Alternaria senecionis
Alternaria solani
Alternaria smyrnii
Alternaria tenuissima
Alternaria triticina
Alternaria zinniae

It is a phytopathogenic fungi. The fungi is also used in degradation of Plastic.


2

Aspergillus



Aspergillus  is ascomyceteous fungi consisting of many  species found in various climates worldwide.

Common Species are as follows

Aspergillus niger

Aspergillus flavus

Aspergillus oryzae

Aspergillus terreus

Aspergillus fumigatus

Aspergillus ochraceus

Aspergillus foetidus

Aspergillus awamori

Aspergillus aculeatus

The fungi is used in Production of steroids, aconitic hydrase, a-amylase, aniline, glucose oxidase etc. The fungi is used in degradation of apple distillery waste. It is used in production of acylase, aflatoxin, aspergillic acid,aflatoxin, amylase, diastase,antiviral agent,cellulose, and steroids.

It is used in degradation of Aromatic compounds.

3

Chrysosporium

 

Chrysosporium is a type of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae.

Chrysosporium colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often with a powdery or granular surface texture.Hyaline, one-celled (ameroconidia) are produced directly on vegetative hyphae by non-specialized conidiogenous cells.

Common Species are as follows

C. baduri 
C. botryoides 
C. carmichaelii 
C. europae
C. filiforme 
C. georgiae 
C. globiferum 
C. hispanicum 
C. holmii 
C. inops 
C. keratinophilum 
C. kreiselii 
C. littoralis 
C. lobatum 
C. lucknowense 
C. medium 
C. mephiticum 
C. merdarium
C. minor 
C. pannicola 
C. pilosum 
C. pseudomerdarium 
C. pyriformis 
C. queenslandicum
C. roseum 
C. siglerae 
C. sulfureum 
C. synchronum 
C. tropicum 
C. undulatum 
C. vallenarense 
C. vespertilii 
C. xerophilum 
C. zonatum C. baduri 
C. botryoides 
C. carmichaelii 
C. europae
C. filiforme 
C. georgiae 
C. globiferum 
C. hispanicum 
C. holmii 
C. inops 
C. keratinophilum 
C. kreiselii 
C. littoralis 
C. lobatum 
C. lucknowense 
C. medium 
C. mephiticum 
C. merdarium
C. minor 
C. pannicola 
C. pilosum 
C. pseudomerdarium 
C. pyriformis 
C. queenslandicum
C. roseum 
C. siglerae 
C. sulfureum 
C. synchronum 
C. tropicum 
C. undulatum 
C. vallenarense 
C. vespertilii 
C. xerophilum 
C. zonatum

The fungi is used in

Degradation of Keratin



4

Cladosporium

 

Cladosporium is a genus of fungi including some of the most common indoor and outdoor molds. Species produce olive-green to brown or black colonies, and have dark-pigmented conidia that are formed in simple or branching chains. This is a deuteromyceteous fungi.

 

Common Species are as follows

C. acaciicola
C. acalyphae
C. adianticola
C. aecidiicola
C. agoseridis
C. albiziae
C. algarum
C. allicinum
C. allii
C. allii-porri
C. alliicola
C. alneum
C. alopecuri
C. alternicoloratum
C. angustisporum
C. antarcticum
C. antillanum
C. aphidis
C. apicale
C. aristolochiae
C. aromaticum
C. arthoniae
C. arthrinioides
C. arthropodii
C. asperistipitatum
C. asperulatum
C. atriellum
C. atroseptum
C. auriculae
C. australiense
C. baccae
C. balladynae
C. banaticum
C. basi-inflatum
C. bauhiniana
C. boenninghauseniae
C. borassi
C. bosciae
C. brachormium
C. brachyelytri
C. brassicae
C. brassicicola
C. brevicatenulatum
C. brevipes
C. breviramosum
C. brunneoatrum
C. brunneolum
C. brunneum
C. buchananiae
C. buteicola
C. butyri
C. caraganae
C. carpesii
C. carrionii
C. caryigenum
C. cassiae-surathensis
C. castellanii
C. chalastosporoides
C. chamaeropis
C. cheonis
C. chlamydeum
C. chrysanthemi
C. chrysophylli
C. chubutense
C. circaea
C. citri
C. cladosporioides
C. colocasiae
C. colocasiicola
C. colombiae
C. confusum
C. coralloides
C. coryphae
C. cucumerinum
C. cycadacearum
C. cyrtomii
C. desmodicola
C. dianellicola
C. diaphanum
C. digitalicola
C. dominicanum
C. dracaenatum
C. edgeworthiae
C. elegans
C. elsinoes
C. epimyces
C. epiphyllum
C. erianthi
C. eriolobi
C. exasperatum
C. exile
C. exobasidii
C. extorre
C. ferox
C. festucae
C. flabelliforme
C. foliorum
C. forsythiae
C. fraxinicola
C. fuligineum
C. fumagineum
C. funiculosum
C. fusiforme
C. galii
C. gallicola
C. gamsianum
C. geniculatum
C. gerwasiae
C. globisporum
C. glochidionis
C. gloeosporioides
C. gossypiicola
C. grevilleae
C. grumosum
C. gynoxidicola
C. halotolerans
C. haplophylli
C. harknessii
C. heleophilum
C. helicosporum
C. heliotropii
C. herbaroides
C. herbarum
C. heterophragmatis
C. heuglinianum
C. hillianum
C. hordei
C. humile
C. hydrangeae
C. indicum
C. indigoferae
C. inopinum
C. inversicolor
C. iranicum
C. jacarandicola
C. juglandinum
C. kapildharens
C. lacroixii
C. ladinum
C. langeronii
C. laxicapitulatum
C. leguminicola
C. leprosum
C. licheniphilum
C. linicola
C. liriodendri
C. lonicericola
C. lophodermii
C. lupiniphilum
C. machili
C. magnusianum
C. malvacearum
C. manoutchehrii
C. melospermae
C. metaplexis
C. milii
C. mimulicola
C. minourae
C. molle
C. murorum
C. musae
C. myriosporum
C. myrtacearum
C. myrticola
C. neocheiropteridis
C. neottopteridis
C. neriicola
C. nigrelloides
C. nigrellum
C. nitrariae
C. nodulosum
C. obtectum
C. oncobae
C. orchidearum
C. orchidiphilum
C. orchidis
C. oreodaphnes
C. ossifragi
C. ovorum
C. oxycocci
C. oxysporum
C. pallidum
C. paracladosporioides
C. perangustum
C. pericarpium
C. peruamazonicum
C. phaenocomae
C. phlei
C. phlei-pratensis
C. phyllachorae
C. phyllactiniicola
C. phyllogenum
C. phyllophilum
C. pini-ponderosae
C. pipericola
C. pisi
C. platycodonis
C. polygonati
C. polymorphosporum
C. populicola
C. praecox
C. psammicola
C. pseudiridis
C. pseudocladosporioides
C. psidiicola
C. psoraleae
C. psychrotolerans
C. punctulatum
C. ramotenellum
C. ramulosum
C. rectangulare
C. rectoides
C. rhododendri
C. robiniae
C. rutae
C. salicis-sitchensis
C. salinae
C. sarmentorum
C. scabrellum
C. silenes
C. sinuosum
C. smilacicola
C. soldanellae
C. sorghi
C. sphaeroideum
C. sphaerospermum
C. spinaciarum
C. spinulosum
C. spongiosum
C. cladosporioides
C. straminicola
C. strobilanthis
C. subinflatum
C. subnodosum
C. subobtectum
C. subsessile
C. subtilissimum
C. subuliforme
C. syringae
C. syringicola
C. tectonicola
C. tenellum
C. tenuissimum
C. tetrapanacis
C. typhae
C. typharum
C. uleanum
C. uniseptosporum
C. uredinicola
C. uredinis
C. varians
C. velox
C. velutinum
C. verrucocladosporioides
C. victorialis
C. vignae
C. vincicola
C. xylophilum
C. xyridis
C. yuccae
C. zeae
C. ziziphi

The fungi is used in degradation of Cellulose.


5



Fusarium
 
 

Fusarium is a large genus of filamentous fungi, part of a group often referred to as hyphomycetes, widely distributed in soil and associated with plants. Most species are harmless saprobes, and are relatively abundant members of the soil microbial community. Some species produce mycotoxins in cereal crops that can affect human and animal health if they enter the food chain. The main toxins produced by these Fusarium species are fumonisins and trichothecenes.This fungi belongs to deuteromycetes.


Common Species are as follows

Fusarium monolioforme

Fusarium proliferatum

F. avenaceum
F. bubigeum
F. culmorum
F. graminearum
F. langsethiae
F. oxysporum
F. poae
F. sporotrichioides
F. tricinctum
F. verticillioides
F. virguliforme


The fungi is used in production of cellulose,Gibberellic acid, Fusaric acid,etc.



6

Microsporum

 

Microsporum is a genus of fungi that causes tinea capitis, tinea corpus,ringworm, and other dermatophytoses (fungal infections of the skin)Microsporum forms both macroconidia  (large asexual reproductive structures) and microconidia (smaller asexual reproductive structures) on short conidiophores. Macroconidia are hyaline, multiseptate, variable in form,fusiform, spindle-shaped to obovate, 7–20 by 30–160 um in size, with thin or thick echinulate to verrucose cell walls. This is a deuteromycetous fungi.

Common Species are as follows

Microsporum amazonicum
Microsporum audouinii
Microsporum boullardii
Microsporum canis
Microsporum canis
Microsporum cookei
Microsporum distortum
Microsporum duboisii
Microsporum equinum
Microsporum ferrugineum
Microsporum fulvum
Microsporum gallinae
Microsporum gypseum
Microsporum langeronii
Microsporum nanum
Microsporum persicolor
Microsporum praecox
Microsporum ripariae
Microsporum rivalieri

The fungi is used in degradation of Keratin.


7

Neurospora


 

Neurospora is a genus of Ascomycete fungi. The genus name, meaning "nerve spore" refers to the characteristic striations on the spores that resemble axons.

 

Common Species are as follows

N. africana
N. bonaerensis
N. brevispora
N. caffera
N. calospora
N. cerealis
N. crassa
N. cratophora
N. dictyophora
N. discreta
N. dodgei
N. himalayensis
N. hippopotama
N. indica
N. intermedia
N. inversa
N. kobi
N. lineolata
N. longispora
N. novoguineensis
N. pannonica
N. pseudocalospora
N. pseudoreticulata
N. reticulata
N. sitophila
N. tetrasperma

The fungi is used for assay of adenine, cholin inositol ,biodine, nicotinic acid, thiamine etc.


The fungi is also used for production of ethanol, cellulose, amino acid oxidase. The best known species in this genus is Neurospora crassa, a common model organism in biology. Neurospora intermedia var. oncomensis is believed to be the only mold belonging to Neurospora which is used in food production (to make oncom).

8


Penicillium


 

The penicillium is the genus of Ascomyceteous fungi.It has large number of species.

Common Species are

Penicillium ochro-chloron

Penicillium chrysogenum

Penicillium frequentans

Penicillium fellutanum

Penicillium citrinum

Penicillium notatum

Penicillium crysosporium

Penicillium janthinallum

The fungi is used in degradation of plastic, lignin textiles, aircraft component etc.

The fungi is also used for production of penicillin, antiviral agent, glucose oxidase, leucomycin derivatives, polyamine oxidase, asterric acid,carlosic acid, carolic acid, galactocarlose,penicillin, citrinin, fatty acids and lipids 


9

Rhizopus

 

This is a Phycomycetous fungi with aseptate hypae.The fungi produces zygospore.

Common Species is

Rhizopus oryzae

The fungi is used in production of Lactic acid, Fumeric acid, Steroids, and Imipramine,


The fungi is used for degradation of Cyanide, insecticides, and Phytic acid



10

Trichoderma

 

This is a deuteromycetous fungi without sexual reproduction.

Common Species are as follows

Trichoderma reesei

Trichoderma viridie

The fungi is used in production of protein, Cellulose, paracelsin, acetyl xylan esterase etc.

The fungi is used in degradation of plastic, Production of cellulose



11

Mucor

 

This is a phycomycetous fungi with aseptate mycelium.

Common Species are as follows

M. amphibiorum
M. circinelloides
M. hiemalis
M. hiemalis f. silvaticus
M. indicus
M. mucedo
M. paronychius
M. piriformis
M. plumbeus
M. racemosus

The fungi is used for production of Carotenoids, and Ergosterol.

12

Chaetomium


        

Chaetomium is a genus of Ascomyceteous fungi. It is a dematiaceous (dark-walled) mold normally found in soil, air, and plant debris. Members of this genus typically have superficial, ostiolar perithecia, covered in hairs. Asci are often clavate and evanescent, bearing eight spores. Ascospores are usually lemon-shaped, commonly colored olive-brown. Mycelia often grows in conglomerate masses that resemble rope.

Common Species are as follows

Chaetomium atrobrunneum
Chaetomium carinthiacum
Chaetomium cupreum
Chaetomium elatum
Chaetomium funicola
Chaetomium globosum
Chaetomium grande
Chaetomium interruptum
Chaetomium iranianum
Chaetomium jatrophae 
Chaetomium megalocarpum
Chaetomium rectangulare
Chaetomium strumarium
Chaetomium truncatulum
Chaetomium olivaceum
Chaetomium undulatulum

This fungi is used for production of Cellulose, B-1, 4-Glucan-4-glucanohydrolase and Chaetomin,and imipramine.

13

Coriolus

 

This is a Baridio myceteous fungi.

Common Species is

Coriolus versicolor  

The fungi is used in production of Cellulose

14

Myrothecium

 

Myrothecium verrucaria is a species of fungus of deuteromycetes. A plant pathogen, it is common throughout the world, often found on materials such as paper, textiles, canvas and cotton.

Common Species is

Myrothecium verrucaria

The fungi is used in production of cellulase, Chitinase, It is a highly potent cellulose decomposer.


15

Trametes

Trametes is a genus of fungi that is distinguished by a pileate basidiocarp, di- to trimitic hyphal systems, smooth non-dextrinoid spores, and a hymenium usually without true hymenial cystidia.

Common Species are as follows

Trametes gibbosa
Trametes hirsuta
Trametes nivosa
Trametes pubescens
Trametes versicolor

The fungi is used for production of Cellulase engyme. The fungi is also used in degradation of Cellulose and Lignin.


16

Beauveria

 

Beauveria is a genus of Ascomycotina fungi.Beauveria species are white entomopathogenic fungi. They form unicellular conidia that are typically hydrophobic and very small. The conidia are formed holoblastically from basally inflated conidiogenous cells. After conidium production, the conidiogenous cell elongates before producing another conidium atop a small denticle.The result is the formation of a distinctive, slender, zig-zag rachis. Colonies of Beauveria species are typically white or off-white on artificial culture media.

Common Species are as follows:-

Beauveria alba
Beauveria amorpha
Beauveria arenaria
Beauveria asiatica
Beauveria australis
Beauveria bassiana
Beauveria brongniartii
Beauveria brumptii
Beauveria caledonica
Beauveria chiromensis
Beauveria coccorum
Beauveria cretacea
Beauveria cylindrospora
Beauveria delacroixii
Beauveria densa
Beauveria dependens
Beauveria doryphorae
Beauveria effusa
Beauveria epigaea
Beauveria felina
Beauveria geodes
Beauveria globulifera
Beauveria heimii
Beauveria kipukae
Beauveria laxa
Beauveria malawiensis
Beauveria melolonthae
Beauveria nubicola
Beauveria oryzae
Beauveria paradoxa
Beauveria paranensis
Beauveria parasitica
Beauveria petelotii
Beauveria pseudobassiana
Beauveria rileyi
Beauveria rubra
Beauveria shiotae
Beauveria sobolifera
Beauveria spicata
Beauveria stephanoderis
Beauveria sulfurescens
Beauveria sungii
Beauveria tenella
Beauveria tundrensis
Beauveria velata
Beauveria varroae
Beauveria vermiconia
Beauveria vexans
Beauveria viannai
Beauveria virella

The fungi is used for production of Chitinase, Lipase, Protease, Leucomycin, Magnamycine and Cyclosporins A, B, C, D & E.


17

Poria

  

The fungi is a wood decaying fungi of Basidiomycotina.

Common Species is

Poria Placenta

The fungi is used for degradation of Coal,and assay of Copper, The fungi is also used for production of Glycocide degrading enzymes, Polysaccharide.

Poria is one of many wood decay fungi that feeds on dead wood.




18


Phaenerochaete




Phanerochaete is a genus of fungi of Basidiomycotina.Several of the species in this genus are plant pathogens.This genus includes "white-rot" fungi that are able to degrade lignin to carbon dioxide.

Common Species are as follows

Phanerochaete aculeata
Phanerochaete affinis
Phanerochaete albida
Phanerochaete allantospora
Phanerochaete alnea
Phanerochaete andreae
Phanerochaete arenata
Phanerochaete areolata
Phanerochaete arizonica
Phanerochaete aurata
Phanerochaete australis
Phanerochaete avellanea
Phanerochaete binucleospordida
Phanerochaete brunnea
Phanerochaete bubalina
Phanerochaete burtii
Phanerochaete cacaina
Phanerochaete calotricha
Phanerochaete cana
Phanerochaete carnosa
Phanerochaete caucasica
Phanerochaete chrysorhizon
Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Phanerochaete commixtoides
Phanerochaete cordylines
Phanerochaete crescentispora
Phanerochaete deflectens
Phanerochaete emplastra
Phanerochaete exilis
Phanerochaete galactites
Phanerochaete globosa
Phanerochaete hiulca
Phanerochaete incrustans
Phanerochaete intertexta
Phanerochaete jose-ferreirae
Phanerochaete laevis
Phanerochaete leptoderma
Phanerochaete luteoaurantiaca
Phanerochaete martelliana
Phanerochaete mauiensis
Phanerochaete omnivora
Phanerochaete parmastoi
Phanerochaete percitrina
Phanerochaete pseudomagnoliae
Phanerochaete radicata
Phanerochaete robusta
Phanerochaete sacchari
Phanerochaete salmoneolutea
Phanerochaete salmonicolor
Phanerochaete sanguinea
Phanerochaete sordida
Phanerochaete subceracea
Phanerochaete subglobosa
Phanerochaete taiwaniana
Phanerochaete tamariciphila
Phanerochaete tuberculascens
Phanerochaete tuberculata
Phanerochaete velutina
Phanerochaete viticola
Phanerochaete xerophila

The fungi is used in White rot fungi have been used in bioremediation efforts to break down potentially harmful chemicals in soil.

The fungi is also used for production of Glucose oxidase, Oxidase,Vanillate hydroxylase, Ligninase,and Lignin peroxidase



19



Daedalea





Daedalea is a genus of fungi belongs to Ascomycotina.

Common Species are as follows

Daedalea africana
Daedalea ambigua
Daedalea circularis
Daedalea dickinsii
Daedalea dochmia
Daedalea flavida
Daedalea fulvirubida
Daedalea imponens
Daedalea langkawiensis
Daedalea microsticta
Daedalea moesta
Daedalea neotropica
Daedalea pseudodochmia
Daedalea quercina
Daedalea radiata
Daedalea stereoides
Daedalea sulcata

The fungi is used for production of L-Glutamic acid.

20

Claviceps


 

Claviceps purpurea is an ergot fungus that grows on the ears of rye and related cereal and forage plants. Consumption of grains or seeds contaminated with the survival structure of this fungus, the ergot sclerotium, can cause ergotism in humans and other mammals.It is a genus of fungi belongs to Ascomycotina.

Common Species are as follows

Claviceps paspali

Claviceps purpurea

Claviceps fusiformis

The fungi is used for

production of Lysergic acid derivatives,Alkaloids, Ergotamine and Agroclavin, and Chanoclavin 1.

21

Aureobasidium

Aureobasidium pullulans is a ubiquitous black, yeast-like fungus that can be found in different environments (e.g. soil, water, air and limestone). It is well known as a naturally occurring epiphyte or endophyte of a wide range of plant species.This fungi belongs to Deuteromycetina.

Common Species are as follows

Aureobasidium oleae
Aureobasidium pullulans

Aureobasidium mausonii

The fungi is used in production of Polysaccharide.It is used in biological control of plant diseases, especially storage diseases.

22


Botrytis





This fungi Botrytis belongs to Deuteromycetina.

Common Species are as follows

Botrytis allii 
Botrytis cinerea 
Botryotinia convoluta 
Botrytis fabae 
Botrytis narcissicola 
Botryotinia polyblastis 
Botrytis tulipae

Botryotinia Fuckeliana is an important species for wine -industry as well as horticulture. Other economically important species include Botryotinia convoluta (the Type species of the genus),Botryotinia polyblastis,Botrytis allii and Botrytis fabae.Botrytis tulipae is a serious pest of tulip crops and Botrytis narciccicola the bulbs of Narcissus.


23

Phycomyces

 

Phycomyces is a filamentous fungus in the Zygomycota. The spore-bearing sporangiophores of Phycomyces are very sensitive to different environmental signals including light, gravity, wind, chemicals and adjacent objects.

Common Species is

Phycomyces blakesleeanus

The fungi is used for production of adenylate cyclase, Ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase etc.


The fungi is also used in assay of Chitin synthetase, Ornithin decarboxilase.


24


Acremonium




Acremonium is a genusof fungi in the Hypocreaceae family; it was previously known as "Cephalosporium".Acremonium species are usually slow-growing and are initially compact and moist. Their hyphae are fine and hyaline, and produce mostly simple phialides. It is belongs to deuteromycetina.

 

Common Species are as follows

Acremonium chrysogenum

Acremonium diospyri

The fungi is used for production of Cephalosporin P, N, C, Protease,carotenoids, exocellular glucan,and riboflavin etc.

 


25

Datronia

 

Datronia is a genus of fungi in the polyporaceae family of Basidiomycotina.

Common Species are as follows

D. decipiens
D. glabra
D. mollis
D. scutellata
D. stereoides

The fungi is used in seas.

Datronia sp., oxidation, reactive dye, white-rot fungus

 

26

Sclerotium

 

Sclerotia are often composed of a thick, dense shell with thick and dark cells and a core of thin colorless cells. Sclerotia are rich in hyphae emergency supplies, especially OIL. This fungi belongs to deuteromycetina.

Common Species is

Sclerotium rolfsii

Sclerotia as medicine:

Fungi are no exception, and due to their exposure to a wide variety of environments, they have developed the ability to produce a large number of such chemical compounds that are very valuable in medicine.

The fungi is used in Production of B-Glucosidase.

 

27



Pleurotus
 

Pleurotus is a genus of gilled mushrooms which includes one of the most widely eaten mushrooms Basidiomycotina,This fungi is commonly cultivated edible mushrooms in the world.


Common Species are as follows:-

P. gardneri
P. parsonsii
P. velatusP. cystidiosus 
P. abalonus
P. fuscosquamulosus
P. smithii 

P. dryinus 
P. levis 
P. tuber-regium 

P. australis 

P. purpureo-olivaceus 

P. rattenburyi .P. cornucopiae 
P. citrinopileatus 
P. euosmus 
P. djamor 
P. flabellatus
P. salmoneo-stramineus
P. salmonicolor
P. opuntiae 

P. calyptratus

P. ostreatus 
P. florida

P. pulmonarius
P. columbinus
P. sapidus
P. populinus

P. eryngii
P. ferulae
P. fossulatus 
P. nebrodensis

P. abieticola 

P. albidus

Pleurotus fungi have been used in mycoremediation of pollutants such as petroleum and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.Degradation of Ligonocellulose, Lignolytic enzymes,Production of cellulolytic  and lignolytic enzymes,Production of cellulolytic  and lignolytic enzymes.



28

Flammulina

 

Flammulina is a genus of fungi in the Physalacriaceae family Basidiomycotina. The genus, widespread in temperate regions, has been estimated to contain 10 species.

Common Species are as follows

Flammulina callistosporioides
Flammulina elastica
Flammulina fennae
Flammulina ferrugineolutea
Flammulina mediterranea
Flammulina mexicana
Flammulina ononidis
Flammulina populicola
Flammulina rossica
Flammulina similis
Flammulina stratosa
Flammulina velutipes

The fungi is used for production of Oxalic acid decarboxylase engyme.


29

Paecilomyces

 

Paecilomyces a member of the Phylum Ascomycotina(Family Trichomaceae).Paecilomyces variotii is fast growing, producing powdery to suede-like in colonies that are yellow-brown or sand-colored. Paecilomyces variotii is a common environmental mold that is widespread in composts, soils and food products. It is known from substrates including food, indoor air, wood, soil and carpet dust.

Common Species isPaecilomyces varioti

The fungi is used in degradation of Plastic,It is also an important indoor environmental contaminant.

 

30

Conidiobolus
 

Conidiobolus is a genus of fungi. It is responsible for the condition conidiobolomycosis. It is a fungi of deuteromycoteous.

Common Species is:-

Conidiobolus coronatus

The fungi is used for Production of Protease (alkaline)

31

Oidiodendron
 

Oidiodendron is a genus of the Deuteromycetes fungi.

Common Species is

Oidiodendron echinulatum

The fungi is used in degradation of cellulose, xylan, pectin, and alsoproduction of polyphenol oxidase.



32

Phialophora
 

Phialophora is a form genus of fungus with short conidiophores, sometimes reduced to phialides; their conidia are unicellular. It is belongs to deuteromycotina

Common Species are as follows

Phialophora hoffmannii

P. americana
P. avicenniae
P. bubakii
P. europaea
P. parasitica
P. reptans
P. repens
P. richardsiae
P. verrucosa

The fungi is used in degradation of cellulose, Oxidation/utilization of phenols.



33

Scopulariopsis
 

Scopulariopsis is a genus of anamorphic fungi that are saprobic and pathogenic to animals. It is belongs to deuteromycotina

Common Species is

Scopulariopsis acremonium

The fungi is used in degradation of cellulose and xylan.




34

Cunninghamella
 

Cunninghamella is a genus of fungus in the Mucorales order, and the family Cunninghamellaceae.
(Phycomycotina)

Common Species are as follows

C. africana
C. bainieri
C. bertholletiae
C. binarieae
C. blakesleeana
C. clavata
C. echinulata
C. elegans
C. homothallica
C. intermedia
C. japonica
C. multiverticillata
C. phaeospora
C. polymorpha
C. septata
C. A18
C. CL023
C. vesiculosa

The fungi is used in degradation of crude oil.



35


Stemphylium

Stemphylium is a genus of fungal plant pathogen.(Phycomycotina)


Common Species are as follows

Stemphylium alfalfae
Stemphylium bolickii
Stemphylium cannabinum
Stemphylium globuliferum
Stemphylium lycopersici
Stemphylium sarciniforme
Stemphylium solani
Stemphylium vesicarium

The fungi is used for degradation of cyanide,and Production of formamide hydrolase.

36

Malbranchea
 

Malbranchea is a genus of fungi and belongs to Dueteromycotina.

Common Species are as follows

Malbranchea pulchellaMalbranchea alboluteaMalbranchea arcuataMalbranchea aurantiacaMalbranchea chrysosporioideaMalbranchea cinnamomeaMalbranchea circinataMalbranchea dendriticaMalbranchea filamentosaMalbranchea flavaMalbranchea flavoroseaMalbranchea flocciformisMalbranchea fulvaMalbranchea graminicolaMalbranchea gypseaMalbranchea multicolorMalbranchea pulchellaMalbranchea sclerotica

Malbranchea setosa

The fungi is used for degradation of keratin.




37

Heterobasidion

Heterobasidion is a genus of fungi in the family Bondarzewiaceae and belongs to Basidiomycotina.The genus has a widespread distribution in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, and contains several species.

Common Species are as follows:-

H. abietinum
H. annosum
H. araucariae
H. arbitrarium
H. insulare
H. irregulare
H. occidentale
H. parviporum

This fungi is used in degradation of Lignin.



38

Rhodotorula

 

Rhodotorula is a genus of unicellular pigmented yeasts, part of the division Basidiomycota.Only Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, R. glutinis, and R. minuta have been known to cause disease in humans. Rhodotorula can also cause infections in animals. There have been reports of skin infections in chickens and sea animals and lung infections and otitis in sheep and cattle.

Common Species are as follows

R. acheniorum
Rhodotorula acuta
R. araucariae
R. armeniaca
R.aurantiaca
R. auriculariae
R.bacarum
R. benthica
R.biourgei
R. bogoriensis
R. bronchialis
R.buffonii
R. calyptogenae
R.cladiensis
R.cresolica
Rhodotorula crocea
R.cycloclastica
R. evergladiensis
Rhodotorula ferulica
R. foliorum
R.fragaria
R. fujisanensis
R.futronensis
R.gelatinosa
R.glacialis
Rhodotorula glutinis
Rhodotorula gracilis
R.graminis
R.grinbergsii
R.himalayensis
R. hinnulea
R. histolytica
R. hylophila
R. incarnata
R. ingeniosa
R.javanica
R.koishikawensis
Rhodotorula lactosa
R.lamellibrachiae
R.laryngis
R.lignophila
Rhodotorula lini
R.longissima
R.ludwigii
R.lysinophila
Rhodotorula marina
R.matritensis
Rhodotorula meli
Rhodotorula minuta
R.mucilaginosa
Rhodotorula nitens
R.nothofagi
Rhodotorula oryzae
R.pacifica
Rhodotorula pallida
Rhodotorula philyla
R.pilimanae
R.pinicola
R.psychrophenolica
R.psychrophila
Rhodotorula pustula
R.retinophila
R.rosulata
Rhodotorula rubra
R.rubrorugosa
R.silvestris
R.sinensis
R.slooffiae
Rhodotorula sonckii
R.straminea
R.subericola
R.terpenoidalis
Rhodotorula terrea
R.tokyoensis
R.ulzamae
R.vanillica
R.vuilleminii
R.yarrowii
R.yunnanensis
Rhodotorula zsoltii

The fungi is used in oxidation/utilization of diesel oil, hydrocarbons, uric acid.

The fungi is also used in production of  Levanase,lipase,and lipid.


39

Fomitopsis

 

Fomitopsis is a genus of bracket fungi in the family Fomitopsidaceaec and belongs to Basidiomycotina.

Common Species are as follows

Fomitopsis africana
Fomitopsis anhuiensis
Fomitopsis avellanea
Fomitopsis cajanderi
Fomitopsis castanea
Fomitopsis concava
Fomitopsis cupreorosea
Fomitopsis cytisina
Fomitopsis durescens
Fomitopsis epileucina
Fomitopsis euosma
Fomitopsis feei
Fomitopsis hainaniana
Fomitopsis iberica
Fomitopsis incarnatus
Fomitopsis kiyosumiensis
Fomitopsis labyrinthica
Fomitopsis ligneav
Fomitopsis lilacinogilva
Fomitopsis maire
Fomitopsis minuta
Fomitopsis minutispora
Fomitopsis ochracea
Fomitopsis officinalis
Fomitopsis palustris
Fomitopsis pinicola
Fomitopsis pseudopetchii
Fomitopsis quadrans
Fomitopsis rosea
Fomitopsis rubida
Fomitopsis rufolaccata
Fomitopsis sanmingensis
Fomitopsis scalaris
Fomitopsis scortea
Fomitopsis sensitiva
Fomitopsis singularis
Fomitopsis spraguei
Fomitopsis supina
Fomitopsis widdringtoniae
Fomitopsis zuluensis

The fungi is used in production of organic acid.

40

Marasmius

 

Marasmius is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Marasmiaceae and belongs to Basidiomycotina.

Common Species are as follows

M. alliaceus
M. amazonicus
M. androsaceus
M. anomalus
M. atrocastaneus
M. auklandicus
M. aurantiobasalis
M. bambusinus
M. bellus
M. bulliardii
M. buxi
M. caperatus
M. capillaris
M. caricis
M. chordalis
M. cohaerens
M. collinus
M. corbariensis
M. crinis-equi
M. croceus
M. curranii
M. curreyi
M. cylindraceocampanulatus
M. delicatus
M. delectans
M. elegans
M. epiphylloides
M. epiphyllus
M. exocarpi
M. exustoides
M. favrei
M. fishii
M. fulvoferrugineus
M. funalis
M. galbinus
M. gelatinosipes
M. graminum
M. haematocephalus
M. hudsonii
M. nigripes
M. insititius
M. kanukaneus
M. koae
M. kroumirensis
M. limosus
M. masonii
M. meridionalis
M. micraster
M. midnapurensis
M. minutus
M. oreades
M. otagensis
M. pallenticeps
M. palmivorus
M. perforans
M. perpusillus
M. phalaricola
M. podocarpicola
M. prasiosmus
M. pulcherripes
M. pyrrhocephalus
M. pusillissimus
M. pusio
M. quercophilus
M. resinosus
M. rhombisporus
M. rhopalostylidis
M. rimuphilus
M. rosulatus
M. rotula
M. sacchari
M. saccharinus
M. sasicola
M. semiustus
M. setosus
M. siccus
M. spaniophyllus
M. splachnoides
M. subsupinus
M. stenophyllus
M. strictipes
M. sullivantii
M. tenuiparietalis
M. tenuissimus
M. tinctorius
M. torquescens
M. unilamellatus
M. wettsteinii
M. wynneae

The fungi is used in production of Alliacide.
41

Pseudofusarium

Pseudofusarium fusarioideum is a natural species of the Kingdom of the Fungi of the Phylum of the Ascomycota of the Class of the Sordariomycetes and belongs to Deuteromycotina.

Common Species is

Pseudofusarium fusarioideum

The fungi is used in production of 6-aminopenicillianic acid.


42

Rhodosporidium

Rhodosporidium toruloides is an oleaginous yeast. It is a red basidiomycetous isolated from wood pulp from conifers. Rhodosporidium toruloides has been linked to bovine mastitis.

Common Species are as follows

Rhodosporidium toruloides

The fungi is used in production of D-amino acid oxidase, phenylalanine ammonialyase.



43

Xanthophyllomyces

The basidiomycete, Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous is formerly known as Phaffia rhodozyma and belongs to Ascomycotina. Astaxanthin that may be used as a food additive is a main carotenoid pigment in red yeast.

Common Species is

Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous

The yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous is used for the microbiological production of the antioxidant carotenoid astaxanthin.The basidiomycete Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (formerly known as Phaffia rhodozyma) is an excellent astaxanthin-producing yeast and has been regarded as one of the most promising microorganisms for the commercial production of this carotenoid. Astaxanthin is a pigment that produces the characteristic coloration of some birds, crustaceans and salmon. It has been used as a feed and food pigment in the aquaculture industry and has been evaluated as a pharmaceutical component because it may possess antioxidant activity.

The fungi is also used in production of bita amylase.


44

Endomycopsis

 

Endomycopsis is a genus of fungi and belongs to Ascomycotina.

Common Species is

Endomycopsis capsularis


The fungi is used in production of amylolytic enzymes.

45

Emericellopsis

Emericellopsis is a genus of fungi.

Common Species is

Emericellopsis synnematicola

The fungi is used in production of antiamoebin and Cephalosporin.

46


Omphalotus
 

Omphalotus is a genus of basidiomycete mushroom and belongs to Basidiomycotina.They are saprobic, and grow in clumps on trees.



Common Species are as follows

O. guepiniformis
O. illudens
O. japonicus
O. mexicanus
O. nidiformis
O. olearius
O. olivascens
O. subilludens

The fungi is used in production of atromentic acid, gyropin, Illudalenol, Illudin A, Illudin B, Variegatic acid, Thelephoric acid, Xerocomic acid.
47

Byssochlamys
 

Byssochlamys is a genus of fungus in the Trichocomaceae family and belongs to Deuteromycotina. Species in the genus are associated with food spoilage, especially heat-processed acid foods.

Common Species are as follows

Byssochlamys fulva Byssochlamys nivea

B. musticola

B. zollerniae

Byssochlamys can produce the mycotoxin patulin as well as byssochlamic acid and mycophenolic acid.

The fungi is used in production of byssochlamic acid, byssochlamys fulva, mannitol, pectate lyase and Patulin.

48

Arthrobotrys
 

Arthrobotrys is a genus of mitosporic fungi in the family Orbiliaceae and belongs to Deuteromycotina. They are a predatory fungus that captures and feeds on nematode worms. Rings that form on the hyphae constrict and entrap the worms, then hyphae grow into the worm and digest it.

Common Species are as follows

Arthrobotrys aggregata
Arthrobotrys alaskana
Arthrobotrys amerospora
Arthrobotrys anomala
Arthrobotrys apscheronica
Arthrobotrys arthrobotryoides
Arthrobotrys azerbaijanica
Arthrobotrys bakunika
Arthrobotrys botryospora
Arthrobotrys brochopaga
Arthrobotrys chazarica
Arthrobotrys chilensis
Arthrobotrys cladodes
Arthrobotrys clavispora
Arthrobotrys compacta
Arthrobotrys conoides
Arthrobotrys constringens
Arthrobotrys cylindrospora
Arthrobotrys dactyloides
Arthrobotrys deflectens
Arthrobotrys dendroides
Arthrobotrys doliiformis
Arthrobotrys drechsleri
Arthrobotrys elegans
Arthrobotrys ellipsospora
Arthrobotrys entomopaga
Arthrobotrys ferox
Arthrobotrys foliicola
Arthrobotrys fruticulosa
Arthrobotrys globospora
Arthrobotrys haptospora
Arthrobotrys hertziana
Arthrobotrys indica
Arthrobotrys irregularis
Arthrobotrys javanica
Arthrobotrys kirghizica
Arthrobotrys longa
Arthrobotrys longiphora
Arthrobotrys longiramulifera
Arthrobotrys longispora
Arthrobotrys mangrovispora
Arthrobotrys megaspora
Arthrobotrys microscaphoides
Arthrobotrys microspora
Arthrobotrys multisecundaria
Arthrobotrys musiformis
Arthrobotrys nematopaga
Arthrobotrys nonseptata
Arthrobotrys oligospora
Arthrobotrys oudemansii
Arthrobotrys oviformis
Arthrobotrys perpasta
Arthrobotrys polycephala
Arthrobotrys pseudoclavata
Arthrobotrys pyriformis
Arthrobotrys recta
Arthrobotrys robusta
Arthrobotrys rosea
Arthrobotrys scaphoides
Arthrobotrys sclerohypha
Arthrobotrys shahriari
Arthrobotrys shizishanna
Arthrobotrys sinensis
Arthrobotrys soprunovii
Arthrobotrys stilbacea
Arthrobotrys straminicola
Arthrobotrys superba
Arthrobotrys tabrizica
Arthrobotrys venusta
Arthrobotrys vermicola
Arthrobotrys yunnanensis

The fungi is used in production of carbohydrate binding protiens and collagenase.


49

Dacrymyces
 

Dacrymyces is a genus of fungi in the order Dacrymycetales  and belongs to Basidiomycotina.

Common Species are as follows

Dacrymyces ancyleus
Dacrymyces aureosporus
Dacrymyces australis
Dacrymyces capitatus
Dacrymyces chrysocomus
Dacrymyces chrysospermus
Dacrymyces cupularis
Dacrymyces dictyosporus
Dacrymyces enatus
Dacrymyces flabelliformis
Dacrymyces intermedius
Dacrymyces lacrymalis
Dacrymyces macnabbii
Dacrymyces minor
Dacrymyces novae-zelandiae
Dacrymyces ovisporus
Dacrymyces paraphysatus
Dacrymyces pinacearum
Dacrymyces punctiformis
Dacrymyces stillatus
Dacrymyces subarcticus
Dacrymyces tortus
Dacrymyces variisporus

The fungi is used in production of carotenoids.


50

Phoma
 

Phoma is a genus of common coelomycetous soil fungi and belongs to Basidioomycotina.Spores are colorless and unicellular. The pycnidia are black and depressed in the tissues of the host. Phoma is arbitrarily limited to those species in which the spores are less than 15 µm as the larger spored forms have been placed in the genus Macrophoma. The most important species include Phoma beta which is the cause of the heart rot and blight of beets,Phoma batata that produces a dry rot of sweet potato, and Phoma solani.

Common Species are as follows

Phoma caricae-papayae
Phoma clematidina
Phoma costaricensis
Phoma cucurbitacearum
Phoma destructiva
Phoma draconis
Phoma eupyrena
Phoma exigua
Phoma exigua var. exigua
Phoma exigua var. foveata
Phoma exigua var. linicola
Phoma glomerata
Phoma glycinicola
Phoma herbarum
Phoma insidiosa
Phoma medicaginis
Phoma microspora
Phoma narcissi
Phoma nebulosa
Phoma oncidii-sphacelati
Phoma pinodella
Phoma scabra
Phoma sclerotioides
Phoma strasseri
Phoma tracheiphila

The fungi is used in production of cavoxin, cavoxinine, cavoxone.


51

Cephalosporium

Cephalosporium is a genus of fungi and belongs to Deuteromycotina.

Common Species is

Cephalosporium chrysogenum

The fungi is used in production of cephalosporin.




52

Metarhizium
 

Metarhizium is a genus of entomopathogenic fungi in the Clavicipitaceae family and belongs to Ascomycotina.

Common Species are as follows

M. anisopliae
M. guizhouense
M. pingshaense
M. acridum
M. lepidiotae
M. majus
M. globosum
M. robertsii
M. brunneum

The fungi is used in production of chitinase, lipase and protease.


53

Eurotium
 

Eurotium is a genus of fungi of division Ascomycotina.

Common Species are as follows

Eurotium lateritium
Eurotium medium
Eurotium microsporum
Eurotium herbariorum
Eurotium chevalieri
Eurotium amstelodami
Eurotium appendiculatum
Eurotium glabrum
Eurotium intermedium
Eurotium niveoglaucum
Eurotium spiculosum
Eurotium xerophilum
Eurotium leucocarpum
Eurotium costiforme
Eurotium parviverruculosum
Eurotium aridicola
Eurotium fimicola
Eurotium tuberculatum
Eurotium xerophilicum

The fungi is used in production cladosporin.
54

Ashbya

Ashbya is the genus of fungi and belongs to Deuteromycotina.It is a filamentous fungus or mold closely related to yeast, but growing exclusively in a filamentous way. It was originally isolated from cotton as a pathogen causing stigmatomycosis.

Common Species is

Ashbya gossypii

The fungi is used in production of deaminase, riboflavin.
55

Talaromyces
 

Talaromyces is a genus of fungi in the family Trichocomaceae and belongs to Basidiomycotina. species in the genus form soft, cottony fruit bodies (ascocarps) with cell walls made of tightly interwoven hyphae. The fruit bodies are often yellowish or are surrounded by yellowish granules.

Common Species are as follows

T. albobiverticillius
T. amestolkae
T. apiculatus
T. assiutensis
T. atroroseus
T. aurantiacus
T. austrocalifornicus
T. bacillisporus
T. barcinensis
T. boninensis
T. brunneus
T. calidicanius
T. cecidicola
T. coalescens
T. convolutus
T. dendriticus
T. derxii
T. duclauxii
T. echinosporus
T. emodensis
T. erythromellis
T. euchlorocarpius
T. flavus
T. funiculosus
T. galapagensis
T. hachijoensis
T. helicus
T. indigoticus
T. intermedius
T. islandicus
T. lagunensis
T. leycettanus
T. loliensis
T. luteus
T. macrosporus
T. malagensis
T. marneffei
T. mimosinus
T. minioluteus
T. muroii
T. palmae
T. panamensis
T. paucisporus
T. phialosporus
T. piceus
T. pinophilus
T. pittii
T. primulinus
T. proteolyticus
T. pseudostromaticus
T. purpureus
T. purpurogenus
T. rademirici
T. radicus
T. ramulosus
T. retardatus
T. rotundus
T. ruber
T. rubicundus
T. rugulosus
T. ryukyuensis
T. sabulosus
T. siamensis
T. stipitatus
T. stollii
T. subinflatus
T. sublevisporus
T. tardifaciens
T. thermocitrinus
T. trachyspermus
T. ucrainicus
T. udagawae
T. unicus
T. variabilis
T. varians
T. verruculosus
T. viridis
T. viridulus
T. wortmannii

The fungi is used in production of
dehydroisopenicillide and  penicillide
.

56

Cylindrocarpon
 

Cylindrocarpon is a genus of fungi of Nectriaceae and belongs to Ascomycotina. Many of the species in this genus are plant pathogens.

Common Species are as follows

Cylindrocarpon abuense
Cylindrocarpon aequatoriale
Cylindrocarpon amamiense
Cylindrocarpon angustum
Cylindrocarpon aquaticum
Cylindrocarpon austrodestructans
Cylindrocarpon bambusicola
Cylindrocarpon bonaerense
Cylindrocarpon bondarzevii
Cylindrocarpon boninense
Cylindrocarpon bulborum
Cylindrocarpon candidum
Cylindrocarpon carneum
Cylindrocarpon castaneae
Cylindrocarpon castaneicola
Cylindrocarpon cedri
Cylindrocarpon chiayiense
Cylindrocarpon chichiense
Cylindrocarpon chlamydospora
Cylindrocarpon cochinchinense
Cylindrocarpon colchicum
Cylindrocarpon congoense
Cylindrocarpon curtum
Cylindrocarpon decumbens
Cylindrocarpon didymum
Cylindrocarpon effusum
Cylindrocarpon eristaviae
Cylindrocarpon faginatum
Cylindrocarpon formicarium
Cylindrocarpon fractum
Cylindrocarpon fraxini
Cylindrocarpon fusiforme
Cylindrocarpon gymnosporangii
Cylindrocarpon hederae
Cylindrocarpon heptaseptatum
Cylindrocarpon hydrophilum
Cylindrocarpon ianthothele
Cylindrocarpon indicum
Cylindrocarpon juglandina
Cylindrocarpon kantschavelii
Cylindrocarpon kaspense
Cylindrocarpon kolesnikowii
Cylindrocarpon lichenicola
Cylindrocarpon liriodendri
Cylindrocarpon luteoviride
Cylindrocarpon macroconidialis
Cylindrocarpon macrodidymum
Cylindrocarpon macrosporum
Cylindrocarpon magnusianum
Cylindrocarpon mangiferarum
Cylindrocarpon mirum
Cylindrocarpon musae
Cylindrocarpon neblinense
Cylindrocarpon obclavatum
Cylindrocarpon obtusisporum
Cylindrocarpon obtusiusculum
Cylindrocarpon orchidearum
Cylindrocarpon orthosporum
Cylindrocarpon ovale
Cylindrocarpon ovatum
Cylindrocarpon panacis
Cylindrocarpon pauciseptatum
Cylindrocarpon peronosporae
Cylindrocarpon pineum
Cylindrocarpon pini
Cylindrocarpon pithyusae
Cylindrocarpon proliferum
Cylindrocarpon rhodospermum
Cylindrocarpon rosae
Cylindrocarpon roseum
Cylindrocarpon rugulosum
Cylindrocarpon sagittariae
Cylindrocarpon schischkinae
Cylindrocarpon sinuatophorum
Cylindrocarpon stilbophilum
Cylindrocarpon suballantoideum
Cylindrocarpon supersimplex
Cylindrocarpon theobromicola
Cylindrocarpon tokyoense
Cylindrocarpon ugandense
Cylindrocarpon ukolayi
Cylindrocarpon uniseptatum
Cylindrocarpon vaginae

The fungi is used in production of deltatestololactone.

57

Nodulispoium

Nodulisporium is a genus of fungi belongs to Basidiomycotina.

Common Species are as follows

Nodulisporium acervatum
Nodulisporium umbrinum
Nodulisporium geochroum
Nodulisporium ochraceum
Nodulisporium africanum
Nodulisporium corticioides
Nodulisporium didymosporum
Nodulisporium gregarium
Nodulisporium verrucosum
Nodulisporium cylindroconium
Nodulisporium honiaraense
Nodulisporium indicum
Nodulisporium tuberum
Nodulisporium griseobrunneum
Nodulisporium hinnuleum
Nodulisporium melonis
Nodulisporium cecidiogenes

The fungi is used in production of desmethoxyviridin, Viridiol.

58

Kluyveromyces

 

Kluyveromyces is a genus of ascomycetous yeasts in the family Saccharomycetaceae. Some of the species, such as K. marxianus, are the teleomorphs of Candida species.

Common Species are as follows

Kluyveromyces dobzhanskii
Kluyveromyces marxianus
Kluyveromyces phaffii
Kluyveromyces wickerhamii
Kluyveromyces aestuarii
Kluyveromyces nonfermentans

The fungi is used in production of ethanol.
59

Pachysolen

Nolana, or Chilean Bell Flower, a plant genus also known as Pachysolen. It (fungus), a genus of yeast including Pachysolen tannophilus and belongs to Dueteromycotina.

Common Species is

Pachysolen tannophilus

The fungi is used in production of ethanol.

60.

Amylomyces

Amylomyces is a genus of fungi of family Mucoraceae and belongs to Phytomycotina.

Common Species is

Amylomyces rouxii

The fungi is used in production of glucoamylase.

61.

Debaryomyces

Debaryomyces is a genus of fungi and belongs to Dueteromycotina.

Common Species are as follows

D. artagaveytiae
D. burnieri
D. cantarelli
D. carsonii
D. castellii
D. cavensis
D. coudertii
D. dekkeri
D. emphysematosus
D. etchellsii
D. fabryi
D. fluxorum
D. formicarius
D. franciscae
D. fukuyamaensis
D. genevensis
D. globosus
D. globularis
D. gruetzii
D. guilliermondii
D. halotolerans
D. hansenii
D. hildegaardi
D. hominis
D. hudeloi
D. japonicus
D. kloeckeri
D. konokotinae
D. kursanovii
D. laedegaardii
D. leopoldii
D. lundsgaardii
D. manchuricus
D. marama
D. marylandii
D. matrichotii
D. melissophilus
D. miso
D. mrakii
D. mucosus
D. mycophilus
D. nadsonii
D. nepalensis
D. nicotianae
D. nilssonii
D. occidentalis
D. orientalis
D. oviformis
D. phaffii
D. polymorphus
D. prosopidis
D. pseudopolymorphus
D. robertsii
D. rosei
D. sake
D. subglobosus
D. tamarii
D. toletanus
D. tremoniensis
D. tyrocola
D. udenii
D. vanrijiae
D. vini
D. yamadae
D. yarrowii

The fungi is used in production ofglucoamylase, amylase, alpha amylase and riboflavin.


62.

Schizosaccharomyces
 

Schizosaccharomyces is a genus of fission yeasts and belongs to Ascomycotina.

Common Species are as follows

S. cryophilus
S. japonicus
S. octosporus
S. pombe

The fungi is used in production of B-Glucan endohydrolase and ethanol.It is particularly useful in evolutionary studies because it is thought to have diverged from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae lineage between 300 million and 1 billion years ago, and thus provides an evolutionarily distant comparison.

63

Absidia

Absidia is a genus of fungi in the family Mucoraceae.The best known species is the pathogenic Absidia corymbifera, which causeszygomycosis, especially in the form of mycotic spontaneous abortion in cows. It can also cause mucormycosis in humans. It is an allergenic that could cause mucorosis in individuals with low immunity. It usually infects the lungs, nose, brain, eyesight and skin. Absidiaspp.are ubiquitous in most environments.

Common Species are as follows

Absidia coerulea
Absidia corymbifera
Absidia cylindrospora
Absidia ginsan
Absidia glauca
Absidia spinosa

The fungi is used in production of Hydroxylated biphenyl compounds and urase oxidase.


64

Actinomadura
 

The genus Actinomadura is one of four genera of actinobacteria that belong to the family Thermomonosporaceae and belongs to Phycomycotina. It contains aerobic, Gram-positive, non-acid-fast, non-motile, chemo-organotrophic actinomycetes that produce well-developed, non-fragmenting vegetative mycelia and aerial hyphae that differentiate into surface-ornamented spore chains.

Common Species are as follows

Actinomadura kijaniata

Actinomadura madurae

Actinomadura cremea


The fungi is used in production of Kijanimicin,Nonyl-prodigiosine, Undecyl-Prodigiosine and rifamycin.

65

Actinoplanes

Actinoplanes is a genus in the family Actinoplanaceae and belongs to Dueteromycotina. They have aerial mycelia and spherical, motile spores. Actinoplanes species produce the pharmaceutically important compounds valienamine, teicoplanin, and ramoplanin.

Common Species is

Actinoplanes deccanensis

The fungi is used in production of Lipiarmycin.

66


Lagenidium

Lagenidium is a genus of Oomycota and belongs to Dueteromycotina. It includes the biological control agent Lagenidium giganteum.


Common Species is

Lagenidium giganteum

The fungi is used in production of protease.

67

Promicromonospora

Promicromonosporaceae is genus of fungi belongs to Actinomycete family and belongs to Dueteromycotina.

Common Species is

Promicromonospora citrea

The fungi is used in production of protease.
68

Morchella
 

Morchella, the true morels, is a genus of edible mushrooms closely related to anatomically simpler cup fungi and belongs to Ascomycotina.These distinctive mushrooms appear honeycomb-like in that the upper portion is composed of a network of ridges with pits between them.

Common Species are

Morchella americana
Morchella californica,
Morchella claviformis,
Morchella esculentoides,
Morchella populina
Morchella castaneae
Morchella brunneorosea
Morchella diminutiva
Morchella esculenta
Morchella pseudoumbrina,
Morchella pseudoviridis
Morchella galilaea
Morchella prava
Morchella sceptriformis
Morchella virginiana
Morchella steppicola
Morchella ulmaria
Morchella cryptica
Morchella vulgaris
Morchella acerina,
Morchella andalusiae,
Morchella anthracina,
Morchella conica,
Morchella dunensis,
Morchella lepida,
Morchella robiniae,
Morchella spongiola

The fungi is used in production of Protiens (extracellular).
69

Chaetomella
 

Chaetomella is the genus of fungi belongs to Ascomycota family and belongs to Ascomycotina.

Common Species is

Chaetomella oblonga

The fungi is used in production of steroids.

70

Hypoxylon
 

Hypoxylon is a genus of fungi and belongs to Basidiomycotina.

 

Common Species is

Hypoxylon mammatum

The fungi is used in production of toxin.
71

Trichothecium
 

Trichothecium is a filamentous mitosporic fungus widely distributed on decaying vegetation and in the soil and belongs to Dueteromycotina. It is commonly considered as a contaminant. Trichothecium causes pink rot of apples and is a parasite of fleshy fungi. No human or animal diseases due to Trichothecium have been reported.

Common Species are as follows

Trichothecium campaniforme
Trichothecium roseum
Trichothecium piriferum
Trichothecium domesticum
Trichothecium inaequale
Trichothecium plasmoparae
Trichothecium parvum   
         

The fungi is used in production of Trichothecin.
72

Blakeslea

Blakeslea is the genus of fungi and phylum of Zygomycota and belongs to Zygomycotina. Blakeslea trispora is a fungal plant pathogen of the genus Blakeslea.

Common Species are as follows

B.monospora
B. sinensis
B. trispora

The fungi is used in production of Trisporic acid.
73

Ustilago
 
Ustilago is a genus of approximately 200 smut fungi parasitic on grasses and belongs to Basidiomycotina.

Common Species are as follows

U. avenae
U.esculenta
U. hordei
U. maydis
U. nuda
U. tritici

U.scitaminea,
U. lituana ,
U. violacea,
U. scabiosae,
U.utriculosae,
U.sphaerogena,
U. bullata,
U. nigra,
U. heterogena

The fungi is used in production of Ustilagic acid.U. maydis is also eaten as a traditional Mexican food eaten in many parts of the country, and is even available canned. Farmers have even been known to spread the spores around on purpose to create more of the fungus. It known in central Mexico by the Nahuatl name huitlacoche. Peasants in other parts of the country call it "hongo de maíz," i.e. "maize fungus."Ustilago maydis is used often for its homeopathic remedies for the female genitalia. Common uses are for irritation of the ovaries, dark periods, non-menstrual bleeding (passive, non-passive, string bleeding), and pain in the ovaries or the womb, which includes cramping.

74


Valsaria

Valsaria is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes and belongs to Dueteromycotina.


Common Species is

Valsaria rubricosa

The fungi is used in production of Valsarin, Emodin.
75

Zygosporium

Zygosporium is genus of fungi of family Ascomycota and belongs to Zygomycotina.



Common Species are as follows

Z.tuberculatum
Z.oscheoides
Z.mycophilum
Z.echinosporum
Z.chartarum
Z.geminatum
Z.gibbum
Z.masonii
Z.minus
Z.deightonii
Z.majus
Z.verticillatum
Z.bioblitzi

The fungi is used in production of Zygosporin A.

References:

Introduction to Fungi - John Webster, 3rd Edition Cambridge University Press, 2007, p-873.

Aspergillus manual

Penicillium manual