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Saccharum spontaneum
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Family:
POACEAE/GRAMINEAE
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Citation: Saccharum spontaneum L., Mant. Pl. 2: 183. 1771; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 7: 118. 1896; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1709(1185). 1934; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 345. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 483. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 478. 1985; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 588. 1990; Sreek. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Kerala Grasses 185. 1991; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 449. 1995; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 395. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 813. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 545. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 357. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 402. 2002; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 889. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 1011. 2009.
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Malayalam Name(s):
Choottapullu, Kusa, Kusadarbha, Kuruvikarimbu, Nannana, Njangana, Thatchgrass
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
Thatch grass, Wild sugar cane, Kans Grass
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Description:
Perennials. Culms to 3 m high, erect, rhizomatous, nodes waxy. Leaves 45-110 x 0.6-1.2 cm, linear-lanceolate, base rounded, margins serrulate, apex accuminate, involute, glaucous; sheaths to 40 cm long, silky villous at the collar; ligules 4-5 mm long, ovate, membranous. Panicles 20-32 cm long, densely silky white. Spikelets paired, one sessile and the other pedicelled, similar, 3-4 mm long, lanceolate, reddish-brown; callus densely long villous. Lower glume 3-4 x 1 mm, ovate-lanceolate, subcoriaceous, margins hyaline, ciliate. Upper glume 3-4 x 1 mm, ovate-lanceolate, dorsally keeled, margins ciliate. Lower floret empty. Upper floret bisexual. First lemma c. 2 x 1 mm, ovate-acute, hyaline. Second lemma 2-2.5 mm long, linear-lanceolate, hyaline. Stamens 3; anthers yellow or reddish. Ovary oblong; stigma white. Pedicelled spikelets similar to sessile ones.
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Habit:
Herb
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Flowering & Fruiting:
November-February
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District(s):
All Districts
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Medicinal:
Yes
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Habitat:
Wetlands
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Distribution:
Paleotropics
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Aquatic:
Yes
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
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Weed:
Yes
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Monocot/Dicot:
Monocotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Rosemala, Kuttar, Koruthode, Muthuvarachal, Kanjany, Perunthenaruvi, Moozhiar, Taliparamba, Mundakkayam, Walayar, Bhavani river bank, Cherthala, Kayamkulam, Cochin, Nedumkayam, Ariankavu, Achencovil
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