Vachellia gerrardii

Accession Count: 2
Common Name: wadi acacia
Family Name: Fabaceae
Botanical Name: Vachellia gerrardii
Synonyms:
Botanical Synonyms: Vachellia gerrardii subsp. negevensis, Acacia gerrardii
Sub Species:
Variety:
Forma:
Cultivar:
Characteristics:
Compound: Vac ger
Geographic Origin: Central/Southern Africa
Ecozone Origin: Palearctic
Biome Origin:
Natural History: The Vachellia genus (formerly known as Acacia) encompasses over 1300 species in Africa, Australia and America. Acacia gerrardii is mainly found in Benin and Ethiopia down to southwest Africa, but a second subspecies is also found in Israel, Iraq and the Arabian Peninsula (1). In its natural settings it is normally found in arid river valleys and shrubby uplands where it can scavenge for water (2). 
Cultivation Notes: Vachellia gerrardii is commonly found in the form of a tree. Optimal soil conditions for growth include well-drained and loamy to clayey soils. This plant thrives when exposed to full sun conditions. Vachellia gerrardii exhibits some degree of drought tolerance, and prospers in minimal watering regiments and succeeds in dry soils. This species is not commonly propagated through grafting or cuttings; instead it is fairly easily propagated through seeds (3). Seed germination usually takes about 5 days and is improved by submersion of seeds in hot water (1).
Ethnobotany:
Parts of the Vachellia gerrardii plant are used to fulfill many human needs, ranging from medicinal to industrial uses. The bark taken from the plant is used in the development of rope and twine. The wood is also used as timber for carvings, furniture, poles, tools, fuel wood, and charcoal production. Some medicinal uses include using its bark, either through chewing or in the form of tea, to treat coughs and sore throats (1). Bark and root teas are also useful in the treatment of diarrhea as well as to alleviate stomach pains. The bark from Vachellia gerrardii is used as a component in pain killer medications as well as in medications for pulmonary troubles (4). Animals also benefit from some part of the plant; local animals such as goats in Africa consume its leaves and fruit pods. Other animals such as cattle will consume the leaves, but only when other food resources are scarce. Therefore Vachellia gerrardii is considered a useful tree in grazing. In its natural setting (Africa) the plants thorny branches are used to make fences to enclose livestock (1).


Height: 20 - 50 feet
Width: 20 - 50 feet
Growth Rate: Moderate Growing
Grow Season: Spring
Flower Season: Spring
Color: White
Function: Accent
Spread: Spreading
Allergen: Allergenic
Invasive: Invasive
Toxicity: Toxic
Hardy: Semi-hardy
Water Use: Moderate Water Use

Citations:
1. http://www.prota4u.info/protav8.asp?g=pe&p=Acacia+gerrardii+Benth. Retrieved April         23, 2015.

2. http://www.aridzonetrees.com/images/Cut%20sheets/acger%2006.pdf/ Retrieved April         23, 2015.

3. http://ag.arizona.edu/pima/gardening/aridplants/Acacia_constricta.html. Retrieved April       22, 2015.

4. http://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.upwta.3_274. Retrieved April 23, 2015. 



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Vachellia gerrardii