PROTECTING WISCONSIN'S BIODIVERSITY

 
 
   
 
Scientific Name Common Name Global Rank State Rank Federal Status WI Status

Fernald's Sedge (Carex merritt-fernaldii)

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Photo by Natalie Kirchner

 

Counties with Mapped NHI Occurrences

Fernald's Sedge (Carex merritt-fernaldii), a Wisconsin Special Concern plant, is found in dry sandy soils and rocky outcrops (both sandstone and granite) in central, north-central, and northeastern Wisconsin. It is usually found in recently burned barrens, and occasionally in low, moist sandy areas along lake margins or roadsides. Blooming occurs June to early-August, fruiting June to mid-August. The optimal identification period for this species is June to mid-August.

Carex brevior var. pseudofestucacea

 
 
 

Fernald's sedge is a graminoid, 30-100cm tall, with a gynecandrous (female flowers above male flowers) inflorescence, yellow-green to rust colored spikes, and rounded at base and apex. Perigynia are thin, membranous, ovate, and 3-5mm long. Leaf sheaths are papillose, inner band is transparent, 3-4.5mm wide.

It can be distinguished from C bicknellii by range and from C brevior by the presence of papillose leaf sheaths.

Rhizomatous. Blooming occurs June to early-August, fruiting June through August.

Perennial. The optimal identification period for this species is June to early-August.

Associated species include Pinus banksiana, P resinosa, Quercus velutina, Betula papyrifera, Populus grandidentata, Pteridium aquilinum, Vaccinium angustifolium, Triosetum angustifolium, Danthonia spicata, Poa pratensis, and Solidago speciosa.

Fernald's sedge prefers is found in dry sandy soils and rocky outcrops (both sandstone and granite) in central, north-central, and northeastern Wisconsin. It is usually found in recently burned barrens, and occasionally in low, moist sandy areas along lake margins or roadsides.

Avoid known individual plant locations and conduct operations elsewhere when they are least likely to cause damage. Ideally, this would involve frozen, snow-covered ground. However, in areas of the state where frozen conditions are unreliable, very dry soils late in the growing season might be the best available alternative. Consult with a biologist, if needed.

Avoid broadcast spraying of herbicides and use care with spot spraying.

Avoid locating landings, staging areas, or access routes in open sandy areas dominated by native grasses.

Follow BMPs, especially around streams and use care near ravines, steep slopes, cliffs, rock outcrops, etc.

Prescribed burns and/or brushing may be beneficial, dependent on local site conditions and burn frequency. Rotational burns with annual unburned refugia may be preferred.

Maintain low canopy cover areas for savanna and barrens plant species.

Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN) are associated with habitats (or natural communities) and places on the landscape. Understanding relationships among SGCN, natural communities and ecological landscapes help us make decisions about issues affecting SGCN and their habitat and how to respond. Download the Wildlife Action Plan association score spreadsheet to explore rare species, natural communities and ecological landscape associations

Conservation actions respond to issues or threats, which adversely affect species of greatest conservation need (SGCN) or their habitats. Besides actions such as restoring wetlands or planting resilient tree species in northern communities, research, surveys and monitoring are also among conservation actions described in the Wisconsin Wildlife Action Plan because lack of information can threaten our ability to successfully preserve and care for natural resources.