List of IUCN Red List Vulnerable plants

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45 extinct in the wild plant species (0.1%)5702 critically endangered plant species (8.6%)10901 endangered plant species (16.4%)9673 vulnerable plant species (14.5%)4160 near threatened plant species (6.3%)30554 least concern plant species (45.9%)5371 data deficient plant species (8.1%)
Plant species (IUCN, 2023-1)
  • 66,406 extant species have been evaluated
  • 61,035 of those are fully assessed[a]
  • 34,588 are not threatened at present[b]
  • 26,276 are threatened[c]
  • 174 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
    • 129 extinct (EX) species[d]
    • 45 extinct in the wild (EW)
    • 569 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
    • 48 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
  1. ^ excludes data deficient evaluations.
  2. ^ NT, LR/cd, LC.
  3. ^ Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU.
  4. ^ Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Vulnerable (VU) species are considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.

As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 5430 Vulnerable (VU) plant species.[1] 25% of all evaluated plant species are listed as Vulnerable. The IUCN also lists 244 subspecies and 235 varieties as Vulnerable. No subpopulations of plants have been evaluated by the IUCN.

For a species to be assessed as vulnerable to extinction the best available evidence must meet quantitative criteria set by the IUCN designed to reflect "a high risk of extinction in the wild". Endangered and Critically Endangered species also meet the quantitative criteria of Vulnerable species, and are listed separately. See: List of endangered plants, List of critically endangered plants. Vulnerable, Endangered, and Critically Endangered species are collectively referred to as threatened species by the IUCN.

Additionally 1674 plant species (7.6% of those evaluated) are listed as Data Deficient, meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN.[2] While the category of Data Deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed."[3]

This is a complete list of Vulnerable plant species, subspecies and varieties evaluated by the IUCN as of 2016.

Algae[edit]

Bryophytes[edit]

There are 24 bryophyte species assessed as vulnerable.

Mosses[edit]

Liverworts[edit]

Pteridophytes[edit]

There are 83 species and one subspecies of pteridophyte assessed as vulnerable.

Leptosporangiate ferns[edit]

There are 69 species in the class Polypodiopsida assessed as vulnerable.

Polypodiales[edit]

There are 61 species in the order Polypodiales assessed as vulnerable.

Dryopteridaceae[edit]
Polypodiaceae[edit]
Athyriaceae[edit]
Thelypteridaceae[edit]
Other Polypodiales species[edit]

Hymenophyllales[edit]

Cyatheales[edit]

Salviniales[edit]

Isoetopsida[edit]

Lycopodiopsida[edit]

Clubmosses and firmosses

Species

Subspecies

Gymnosperms[edit]

There are 156 species, seven subspecies, and 34 varieties of gymnosperm assessed as vulnerable.

Cycads[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Conifers[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Gnetopsida[edit]

Dicotyledons[edit]

There are 4545 species, 230 subspecies, and 197 varieties of dicotyledon assessed as vulnerable.

Piperales[edit]

There are 24 species in the order Piperales assessed as vulnerable.

Piperaceae[edit]

Chloranthaceae[edit]

Campanulales[edit]

There are 51 species and two subspecies in Campanulales assessed as vulnerable.

Campanulaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Goodeniaceae[edit]

Aristolochiales[edit]

Theales[edit]

There are 197 species, three subspecies, and nine varieties in Theales assessed as vulnerable.

Dipterocarpaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Ochnaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Theaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Actinidiaceae[edit]

Guttiferae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Other Theales species[edit]

Linales[edit]

Malvales[edit]

There are 114 species, 13 subspecies, and one variety in the order Malvales assessed as vulnerable.

Malvaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Sterculiaceae[edit]

Bombacaceae[edit]

Sarcolaenaceae[edit]

Tiliaceae[edit]

Elaeocarpaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Geraniales[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Lecythidales[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Polygalales[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Santalales[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Proteales[edit]

There are 26 species and one subspecies in the order Proteales assessed as vulnerable.

Proteaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Elaeagnaceae[edit]

Dipsacales[edit]

Plumbaginales[edit]

Rubiales[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Violales[edit]

There are 86 species, one subspecies, and three varieties in Violales assessed as vulnerable.

Flacourtiaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Violaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Loasaceae[edit]

Passifloraceae[edit]

Other Violales species[edit]

Euphorbiales[edit]

There are 236 species, five subspecies, and 33 varieties in Euphorbiales assessed as vulnerable.

Peraceae[edit]

Buxaceae[edit]

Euphorbiaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Laurales[edit]

There are 136 species and three varieties in the order Laurales assessed as vulnerable.

Monimiaceae[edit]

Hernandiaceae[edit]

Lauraceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Cucurbitales[edit]

There are 49 species in the order Cucurbitales assessed as vulnerable.

Begoniaceae[edit]

Cucurbitaceae[edit]

Anisophylleaceae[edit]

Ebenales[edit]

There are 226 species, eight subspecies, and five varieties in Ebenales assessed as vulnerable.

Symplocaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Sapotaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Ebenaceae[edit]

Styracaceae[edit]

Celastrales[edit]

There are 102 species, three subspecies, and ten varieties in the order Celastrales assessed as vulnerable.

Icacinaceae[edit]

Hollies[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Celastraceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Dichapetalaceae[edit]

Myrtales[edit]

There are 357 species, 13 subspecies, and 11 varieties in the order Myrtales assessed as vulnerable.

Myrtaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Melastomataceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Combretaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Thymelaeaceae[edit]

Lythraceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Onagraceae[edit]

Other Myrtales species[edit]

Sapindales[edit]

There are 345 species, ten subspecies, and 14 varieties in the order Sapindales assessed as vulnerable.

Rutaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Melianthaceae[edit]

Aceraceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Sapindaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Staphyleaceae[edit]

Anacardiaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Meliaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Simaroubaceae[edit]

Burseraceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Hippocastanaceae[edit]

Asterales[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Magnoliales[edit]

There are 270 species, 55 subspecies, and 28 varieties in the order Magnoliales assessed as vulnerable.

Canellaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Winteraceae[edit]

Magnoliaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Annonaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Myristicaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Degeneriaceae[edit]

Capparales[edit]

There are 41 species and five subspecies in Capparales assessed as vulnerable.

Capparaceae[edit]

Moringaceae[edit]

Cruciferae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Resedaceae[edit]

Subspecies

Apiales[edit]

There are 108 species in the order Apiales assessed as vulnerable.

Araliaceae[edit]

Umbelliferae[edit]

Gentianales[edit]

There are 108 species and one variety in the order Gentianales assessed as vulnerable.

Apocynaceae[edit]

Loganiaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Asclepiadaceae[edit]

Gentianaceae[edit]

Rosales[edit]

There are 118 species, 13 subspecies, and nine varieties in the order Rosales assessed as vulnerable.

Chrysobalanaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Connaraceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Brunelliaceae[edit]

Pittosporaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Cunoniaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Rosaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Saxifragaceae[edit]

Crassulaceae[edit]

Other Rosales[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Primulales[edit]

There are 50 species and one variety in Primulales assessed as vulnerable.

Myrsinaceae[edit]

Theophrastaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Primulaceae[edit]

Rhamnales[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Urticales[edit]

There are 46 species, five subspecies, and three varieties in Urticales assessed as vulnerable.

Urticaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Ulmaceae[edit]

Cecropiaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Moraceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Cornales[edit]

Species

Varieties

Solanales[edit]

There are 33 species and two subspecies in the order Solanales assessed as vulnerable.

Solanaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Convolvulaceae[edit]

Menyanthaceae[edit]

Scrophulariales[edit]

There are 220 species, 14 subspecies, and two varieties in the order Scrophulariales assessed as vulnerable.

Globulariaceae[edit]

Oleaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Buddlejaceae[edit]

Gesneriaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Bignoniaceae[edit]

Acanthaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Scrophulariaceae[edit]

Lentibulariaceae[edit]

Lamiales[edit]

There are 111 species, two subspecies, and four varieties in the order Lamiales assessed as vulnerable.

Verbenaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Labiatae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Boraginaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Avicenniaceae[edit]

Juglandales[edit]

Nepenthales[edit]

There are 41 species in Nepenthales assessed as vulnerable.

Nepenthaceae[edit]

Droseraceae[edit]

Sarraceniaceae[edit]

Hamamelidales[edit]

Species

Varieties

Dilleniales[edit]

Ranunculales[edit]

There are 36 species, one subspecies, and one variety in the order Ranunculales assessed as vulnerable.

Meliosmaceae[edit]

Berberidaceae[edit]

Menispermaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Ranunculaceae[edit]

Ericales[edit]

There are 17 species and one variety in the order Ericales assessed as vulnerable.

Clethraceae[edit]

Ericaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Polygonales[edit]

Species

Varieties

Podostemales[edit]

Fabales[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Rhizophorales[edit]

Caryophyllales[edit]

There are 190 species, 12 subspecies, and one variety in the order Caryophyllales assessed as vulnerable.

Caryophyllaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Amaranthaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Nyctaginaceae[edit]

Chenopodiaceae[edit]

Portulacaceae[edit]

Illecebraceae[edit]

Cactus species[edit]

Aizoaceae[edit]

Fagales[edit]

There are 45 species and one subspecies in the order Fagales assessed as vulnerable.

Nothofagaceae[edit]

Ticodendraceae[edit]

Fagaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Betulaceae[edit]

Salicales[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Other dicotyledon species[edit]

Monocotyledons[edit]

There are 619 species, six subspecies, and four varieties of monocotyledon assessed as vulnerable.

Triuridales[edit]

Arecales[edit]

Species

Varieties

Orchidales[edit]

There are 114 species and three subspecies in Orchidales assessed as vulnerable.

Orchidaceae[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Burmanniaceae[edit]

Cyclanthales[edit]

Pandanales[edit]

Bromeliales[edit]

Liliales[edit]

Species

Subspecies

Arales[edit]

Araceae[edit]

Zingiberales[edit]

There are 42 species in the order Zingiberales assessed as vulnerable.

Marantaceae[edit]

Heliconiaceae[edit]

Costaceae[edit]

Zingiberaceae[edit]

Eriocaulales[edit]

Commelinales[edit]

Cyperales[edit]

There are 78 species and two varieties in Cyperales assessed as vulnerable.

Gramineae[edit]

Cyperaceae[edit]

Species

Varieties

Alismatales[edit]

Najadales[edit]

Juncales[edit]

Hydrocharitales[edit]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Listed by IUCN as Kopsia singaporensis.
  2. ^ Listed by IUCN as Myrsine pearce.

References[edit]

  1. ^ "IUCN Red List version 2016-2". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 8 September 2016.
  2. ^ "Limitations of the Data". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  3. ^ "2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  4. ^ Farjon, A. (2013). "Pinus torreyana subsp. insularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T34013A2840313. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T34013A2840313.en. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
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