Flora e Funga do Brasil
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Name of the colour
Legend
Green
Accepted Name
Gray
Synonym
Purple
Status not indicated
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Johansonia
Sacc.
Johansonia brasiliensis
Arx
Johansonia chapadensis
Crous, R.W. Barreto, Alfenas & R.F. Alfenas
Johansonia guazumae
Henn.
Johansonia nigrocapitata
(G. Winter) Sacc.
Leptocapnodium
(G.
Arnaud)
Cif.
&
Bat.
is syn of
Scorias
Fr.
Leptocapnodium brasiliense
(Puttemans) Bat. & Cif.
is syn of
Scorias brasiliensis
(Puttemans) D.R. Reynolds
Leptocapnodium krameri
Bat. & Cif.
Leptoxyphium
Speg.
has as a syn
Astragoxyphium
Bat., Nascim. & Cif.
Leptoxyphium bahiense
Bat.
Leptoxyphium graminum
(Pat.) Speg.
Leptoxyphium lanosum
Bat. & Cavalc.
Limacinia
Neger
Limacinia aurantii
Henn.
Limacinia capnodioides
(Thüm.) Sacc.
Limacinia citri
(Briosi & Pass.) Sacc.
is syn of
Capnodium citri
Berk. & Desm.
Limacinia hirtellae
Bat. & Cif.
Limacinia
hirtellae
var.
longiasca
Bat. & Cif.
Limacinia melioloides
(Pat.) Sacc.
Limacinia peribebuyensis
(Speg.)
Bat.,
Cif.
&
Maia
Megaloxyphium
Cif., Bat. & Nascim.
Megaloxyphium ophidioglossum
Cif., Bat. & Nascim.
Micropustulomyces
R.W.Barreto
Micropustulomyces mucilaginosus
R.W.Barreto
Morfea
(G.
Arnaud)
Cif.
&
Bat.
is syn of
Capnodium
Mont.
Morfea alaskensis
(Sacc. & Scalia) Bat. & Cif.
Morfea
alaskensis
var.
minor
Bat. & J.L. Bezerra
Morfea helianthemi
(Maire) Bat. & Cif.
has as a syn
Morfea
helianthemi
var.
major
Bat. & Cif.
Morfea
helianthemi
var.
major
Bat. & Cif.
is syn of
Morfea helianthemi
(Maire) Bat. & Cif.
Morfea miconiae
Bat. & Cif.
has as a syn
Morfea
miconiae
var.
major
Bat. & Peres
Morfea
miconiae
var.
major
Bat. & Peres
is syn of
Morfea miconiae
Bat. & Cif.
Morfea tuba
(Cooke
&
Harkn.)
Cif.
&
Bat.
Mycosphaerella
Johanson
Mycosphaerella americanae
B.V.Lima et al.
Mycosphaerella hedychii
F.Stevens & P.A.Young
Mycosphaerella sapiicola
D.J.Soares et al.
Mycosphaerella sapii
D.J.Soares et al.
Naetrocymbe
Bat. & Cif.
Naetrocymbe depressa
Bat.
Naetrocymbe diospyri
Bat.,
Cif.
&
Maia
Naetrocymbe fuscoviridescens
(Rehm) Bat. & Cif.
Naetrocymbe inspersa
Bat.
Naetrocymbe lafoensiae
Bat.
Naetrocymbe mauritiae
Bat.
Naetrocymbe perparum
Bat.
Naetrocymbe robusta
Bat.
Neoceratosperma
Crous & Cheew.
Neoceratosperma alsophilae
Guatim., R.W. Barreto & Crous
Neoceratosperma cyatheae
Guatim., R.W. Barreto & Crous
Paracapnodium
Speg.
is syn of
Scorias
Fr.
Paracapnodium brevistipitatum
Bat.,
Cif.
&
H.
Maia
Paramycosphaerella
Crous & Jol. Roux
Paramycosphaerella blechni
Guatim., R.W. Barreto & Crous
Paramycosphaerella cyatheae
Guatim., R.W. Barreto & Crous
Paramycosphaerella dicranopteridis-flexuosae
Guatim., R.W. Barreto & Crous
Paramycosphaerella sticheri
Guatim., R.W. Barreto & Crous
Paropodia
Cif.
&
Bat.
is syn of
Phragmocapnias
Theiss. & Syd.
Paropodia intermedia
Cif.
&
Bat.
has as a syn
Paropodia
intermedia
var.
setosa
Bat. & A.F. Vital
Paropodia
intermedia
var.
setosa
Bat. & A.F. Vital
is syn of
Paropodia intermedia
Cif.
&
Bat.
Pentaposporium
Bat.
is syn of
Tripospermum
Speg.
Pentaposporium fourcroyae
Bat.
Periconiella
Sacc.
Periconiella daphniphylli
M.B.Ellis
Periconiella mucunae
M.B.Ellis
Phaeoxyphiella
Bat. & Cif.
Phaeoxyphiella bahiensis
Bat. & Matta
Phaeoxyphiella morototoni
Bat. & Cif.
Phaeoxyphiella walteri
Bat., Nascim. & Cif.
Phragmocapnias
Theiss. & Syd.
has as a syn
Antennellopsis
J.M. Mend.
has as a syn
Paropodia
Cif.
&
Bat.
Phragmocapnias heliconiae
Cif.
&
Bat.
Phragmoxyphium
Bat. & Cif.
Phragmoxyphium didymopanacis
Bat. & Cif.
Phragmoxyphium psychotriae
Bat.
Polychaeton
(Pers.) Lév.
Polychaeton brasiliense
(Bat., Nascim. & Cif.) D.R. Reynolds
Polyclypeolum
Theiss.
is syn of
Schizothyrium
Desm.
Polyclypeolum africanum
Bat. & Peres
Polyclypeolum eschweilerae
Bat.
Polyclypeolum maiae
Bat.
Polyphialoseptoria
Quaedvl., R.W. Barreto, Verkley & Crous
Polyphialoseptoria tabebuiae-serratifoliae
Quaedvl., Alfenas & Crous
Polyphialoseptoria terminaliae
Quaedvl. et al.
Pseudoteratosphaeria
Quaedvl. & Crous
Pseudoteratosphaeria secundaria
(Crous & Alfenas) Quaedvl. & Crous
Pseudoteratosphaeria stramenticola
(Crous & Alfenas) Quaedvl. & Crous
Ramularia
Unger
Ramularia areola
G.F.Atk.
Ramularia solani
(Sacc.) Bat. & J.L.Bezerra
Rhabdospora
(Durireu & Mont. ex Sacc.) Sacc.
Rhabdospora bogenhardiae
Bat.
Schizothyrium
Desm.
has as a syn
Eremotheca
Theiss., Syd. & P. Syd.
has as a syn
Microthyriella
Höhn.
has as a syn
Schizopeltis
Bat. & I.H. Lima
has as a syn
Polyclypeolum
Theiss.
Schizothyrium guineense
(Roger) Arx
has as a syn
Microthyriella guineensis
Roger
Schizothyrium pomi
(Mont. & Fr.) Arx
has as a syn
Leptothyrium pomi
(Mont. & Fr.) Sacc.
Schizothyrium scutelliforme
(Rehm) Arx
has as a syn
Microthyriella scutelliformis
(Rehm) Theiss.
Scolecoxyphium
Cif.
&
Bat.
Scolecoxyphium americanum
Bat.
Scolecoxyphium cirrhosum
Bat.
Scorias
Fr.
has as a syn
Leptocapnodium
(G.
Arnaud)
Cif.
&
Bat.
has as a syn
Paracapnodium
Speg.
has as a syn
Hyalocapnias
Bat. & Cif.
Scorias brasiliensis
(Puttemans) D.R. Reynolds
has as a syn
Leptocapnodium brasiliense
(Puttemans) Bat. & Cif.
Septoria
Sacc.
Septoria lantanaefolii
Bat. & J.L.Bezerra
Septoria sapindacearum
Bat. & Cavalc.
Skoteinospora
Bat.
Skoteinospora coccolobae
Bat.
Sphaerulina
Sacc.
Sphaerulina maydis
Henn.
is syn of
Phaeosphaeria maydis
(Henn.) Rane, Payak & Renfro
Sphaerulina plantaginea
Rehm
Sphaerulina vismiae
Bat. & J.L. Bezerra
Stenella
Syd.
Stenella rufescens
(Speg.) J.L. Mulder
Stigmidium
Trevis.
Stigmidium marinum
(Deakin) Swinscow
Stomiopeltis
Theiss.
Stomiopeltis batistae
Arx
Stomiopeltis bignoniacearum
Bat. & Cavalc.
Stomiopeltis leguminosae
Bat. & H. Maia
Stomiopeltis torulosa
M.L. Farr
Suberoteratosphaeria
Quaedvl. & Crous
Suberoteratosphaeria suberosa
(Crous et al.) Quaedvl. & Crous
Toxicocladosporium
Crous & U.Braun
Toxicocladosporium cacti
J.D.P.Bezerra, Souza-Motta & Crous
Toxicocladosporium immaculatum
J.D.P.Bezerra, Souza-Motta & Crous
Tripospermum
Speg.
has as a syn
Pentaposporium
Bat.
Tripospermum fructigenum
(Rabenh. ex Sacc. & Trotter) S. Hughes
is syn hom. of
Triposporium fructigenum
Rabenh. ex Sacc. & Trotter
Tripospermum gardnerii
(Berk.) Speg.
Tripospermum roupalae
(Syd.) S. Hughes
Chaetomellales
Crous & Denman
Synchaetomella
Decock & Seifert
Synchaetomella aquatica
Fiuza, Gusmão & R.F. Castañeda
Chaetosphaeriales
Huhndorf, A.N.Mill. & F.A.Fernández
Adautomilanezia
Gusmão, S.S. Silva, Fiuza, L.A. Costa & T.A.B. Santos
Adautomilanezia caesalpiniae
Gusmão, S.S. Silva, Fiuza, L.A. Costa, T.A.B. Santos
Anaexserticlava
T.S. Santa Izabel, R.F. Castañeda & Gusmão
Anaexserticlava caatingae
T.S. Santa Izabel, R.F. Castañeda & Gusmão
Atrogeniculata
J. S. Monteiro, Gusmão & R. F. Castañeda
Atrogeniculata submersa
J. S. Monteiro, Gusmão & R. F. Castañeda
Brunneodinemasporium
Crous & R.F. Castañeda
Brunneodinemasporium brasiliense
Crous & R.F. Castañeda
Chaetosphaeria
Tul. & C. Tul.
Chaetosphaeria patelliformis
Rick
Chaetosphaeria puiggarii
Speg.
Chloridium
Link
Chloridium lignicola
(F.Mangenot) W.Gams & Hol.-Jech.
Chloridium obclaviforme
J. Mena & Mercado
Chloridium transvaalense
Morgan-Jones et al.
Chloridium virescens
(Pers.) W.Gams & Hol.-Jech.
Chloridium
virescens
var.
chlamydosporum
(J.F.H.Beyma) W.Gams & Hol.-Jech.
Dictyochaetopsis
Aramb. & Cabello
Dictyochaetopsis gonytrichoides
(Shearer & J.L. Crane) Whitton, McKenzie & K.D. Hyde
Dictyochaetopsis polysetosa
R.F. Castañeda, Gusmão, Guarro & Saikawa
Dischloridium
B. Sutton
Dischloridium laeense
(Matsush.) B.Sutton
Dischloridium tenuisporum
Hol.-Jech.
Gonytrichum
Nees & T.Nees
Gonytrichum chlamydosporium
G.L.Barron & G.C.Bhatt
Gonytrichum macrocladum
(Sacc.) S.Hughes
Gonytrichum mirabile
Hol.-Jech.
Kylindria
DiCosmo et al.
Kylindria pluriseptata
R.F.Castañeda
Melanopsamma
Niessl
Melanopsamma areolata
Rehm
Melanopsamma schizostomoides
Rick
Menisporopsis
S.Hughes
Menisporopsis theobromae
S.Hughes
Phaeostalagmus
W.Gams
Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus
(Corda) W.Gams & Hol.-Jech.
Porosphaeria
Samuels & E.Müll.
is syn hom. of
Porosphaerellopsis
Samuels & E.Müll.
Porosphaeria sporoschismophora
Samuels & E.Müll.
is syn bas. of
Porosphaerellopsis sporoschismophora
(Samuels & E.Müll.) E.Müll. & Samuels
Sporoschisma
Berk. & Broome
Sporoschisma juvenile
Boud.
Sporoschisma saccardoi
E.W.Mason & S.Hughes
Sporoschisma stilboideum
Bat. & J.L.Bezerra
Stanjehughesia
Subram.
Stanjehughesia hormiscioides
(Corda) Subram.
Striatosphaeria
Samuels & E. Müll.
Striatosphaeria codinaeaphora
Samuels & E. Müll.
Thozetella
Kuntze
Thozetella boonjiensis
B.C. Paulus, Gadek & K.D. Hyde
Thozetella coronata
J.S. Monteiro, R.F. Castañeda & Gusmão
Thozetella cristata
Piroz. & Hodges
Thozetella cubensis
R.F.Castañeda & G.R.W.Arnold
Thozetella gigantea
B.C. Paulus, Gadek & K.D. Hyde
Thozetella havanensis
R.F.Castañeda
Thozetella pindobacuensis
T.A.B. Santos, L.B. Conç. & Gusmão
Thozetella pinicola
S.Y.Q. Yeung, R. Jeewon & K.D. Hyde
Thozetella queenslandica
B.C.Paulus et al.
Thozetella submersa
F.R Barbosa & Gusmão
Thozetella ypsiloidea
J.S. Monteiro, R.F. Castañeda & Gusmão
Chaetothyriales
M.E. Barr
Ainsworthia
Bat. & Cif.
Ainsworthia lecythidacearum
Bat., J.L. Bezerra & Peres
Ainsworthia oblongotheca
A.A. Silva
Ainsworthia psidii
Bat., J.L. Bezerra & Poroca
Ainsworthia roraimensis
Bat. & Cavalc.
Almeidaea
Cif.
&
Bat.
Almeidaea belacantha
Bat. & J.L. Bezerra
Almeidaea pulchra
Bat. & Cavalc.
Ardhachandra
Subram. & Sudha
Ardhachandra cristaspora
(Matsush.) Subram. & Sudha
Arthrocladium
Papendorf
Arthrocladium tardum
Nascimento, Vicente & de Hoog
Barnettia
Bat. & J.L. Bezerra
Barnettia lucumae
Bat. & J.L. Bezerra
Capronia
Sacc.
Capronia fungicola
(Samuels & E. Müll.) Unter.
Ceramothyrium
Bat. & H. Maia
Ceramothyrium cordiae
Bat. & A.F. Vital
Ceramothyrium gustaviae
Bat. & I.H. Lima
Ceramothyrium paiveae
Bat. & H. Maia
Ceramothyrium philodendri
Bat.
Chaetomonodorus
Bat. & H. Maia
Chaetomonodorus brosimi
Bat. & H. Maia
Chaetothyrium
Speg.
Chaetothyrium rickianum
Theiss.
Ciferriusia
Bat.
Ciferriusia ingicola
Bat., Cavalc. & Peres
Ciferriusia piperis
Bat. & O.M. Fonseca
Cladophialophora
Borelli
Cladophialophora boppii
(Borelli) de Hoog, Kwon-Chung & McGinnis
Cladophialophora exuberans
M.M.F. Nascim., V.A. Vicente & de Hoog
Cladophialophora saturnica
Badali et al.
Cyphellophora
G.A. de Vries
Cyphellophora eugeniae
Crous & Alfenas
Deslandesia
Bat.
Deslandesia paulensis
(Rehm) Bat. & Cif.
Digitopodium
U. Braun, Heuchert & K. Schub.
Digitopodium tectonae
(Crous & Alfenas) A.A. Colmán & R.W. Barreto
Epibryon
Döbbeler
Epibryon lichenicola
Matzer
Exophiala
J.W. Carmich.
Exophiala cancerae
de Hoog et al.
Exophiala lecanii-corni
(Benedek & G. Specht) Haase & de Hoog
Exophiala palmae
M.M.F. Nascim., V.A. Vicente & de Hoog
Fonsecaea
Negroni
Fonsecaea minima
V.A.Vicente et al.
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
(Brumpt) Negroni
Fonsecaea pugnacius
R.R. Gomes, V.A. Vicente, C.M.P.S. Azevedo & de Hoog
Hermetothecium
T.F. Nóbrega, B.W. Ferreira, H.C. Evans & R.W. Barreto
Hermetothecium mikaniae-micranthae
T.F. Nóbrega, B.W. Ferreira, H.C. Evans & R.W. Barreto
Limacinula
Höhn.
Limacinula zantedeschiae
Bat. & Cif.
Lyromma
Bat. & H.Maia
has as a syn
Anconomyces
Cavalc. & A.A.Silva
Lyromma palmae
(Cavalc. & A.A.Silva) Lücking & Sérus.
has as a syn
Anconomyces palmae
Cavalc. & A.A.Silva
Microcalliopsis
Bat. & Cif.
Microcalliopsis dipterygis
Bat., Peres & J.L. Bezerra
Microcallis
Syd.
Microcallis ceibae
Bat. & I.H. Lima
Microxiphium
(Harv. ex Berk. & Desm.) Thüm.
Microxiphium jambosae
Bat.
Mycostevensonia
Bat. & Cif.
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Orthographical Variant
Relevant Synonyms
has as a synonym
Is a synonym
Life Form and Substrate
Life Form
Substrate
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Host
Animal host
Vegetal host and / or Fungi
Origin
Endemism
Distribution
Distribution
Geographic distribution
Confirmed occurrences:
North
Northeast
Central-west
Southeast
South
Possible occurrences:
North
Northeast
Central-west
Southeast
South
Ocean Islands
Confirmed occurrences:
Confirmed Occurrence
Possible occurrences:
Possible Occurrence
Phytogeographic Domains
×
Confirmation
Phytogeographic Domains
Amazon rainforest
Found in northern and central-western Brazil, and comprising a great variety of vegetation forms, of which the flooded and tall “terra firme” lowland forest predominate (Ter Steege et al. 2003). Covers 49.3% of the Brazilian territory, extending well beyond Brazil through to Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, and the Guianas (Kress et al. 1998).
Caatinga
Xerophilous thorny forest and scrub of the drylands of northeastern Brazil. Covers 9.9% of the Brazilian territory, exclusively Brazilian (Andrade-Lima 1981).
Cerrado
(lato sensu)
An assemblage of different profiles that occurs within the Cerrado Biome, where forested (Cerradão), savannas (Cerrado stricto sensu) and grasslands (Campo Sujo) share a xeromorphic flora. Amongst the more frequent plant families are Asteraceae, Leguminosae, Malpighiaceae, Poaceae, Rubiaceae e Vochysiaceae.
Central Brazilian Savanna
Predominantly a grassland with woody elements and comprising a diverse mosaic of vegetations known as campos rupestres (Giulietti and Pirani 1988). Covers 23.9% of the Brazilian territory, with marginal continuous extensions in northeastern Paraguay and Bolivia (Ab’Sáber 1983, Mendonça et al. 2008).
Atlantic Rainforest
A narrow strip of forest from sea level to the eastern highlands of Brazil, becoming broader toward the south. Covers 13% of the Brazilian territory, and 95% of it occurs within Brazil (Stehmann et al. 2009).
Pampa
Grasslands from southern Brazil. Covers 2.1% of the Brazilian territory, found also in Argentina, Uruguay, and eastern Paraguay (Boldrini 2009).
Pantanal
Periodically flooded grasslands by the rivers Paraná and Paraguay in central-western Brazil. Covers 1.8% of the Brazilian territory, continuing into Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina (Pott and Pott 1997).
Vegetation Type
×
Confirmation
Vegetation Types
Anthropic area
Areas where the original vegetation was disturbed or destroyed and bears little or no resemblance to its initial plant coverage, including plantations, pastures (active or abandoned) and urban areas.
Caatinga (stricto sensu)
Xerophitic type of savanna occurring within the semi-arid climate region of Northeastern Brazil. Is a type of sparse vegetation that covers massifs and plateaus where rivers are mostly seasonal. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Leguminosae, Asteraceae, Cactaceae Euphorbiaceae and Malpighiaceae.
Campinarana
Low, sparse vegetation growing on sandy soils mostly within terra firme land in the Amazon. It can be of the ‘forested’ type, similar to a gallery forest, ‘wooded’ where the trees are shorter, and finally ‘grassy-woody’, where it occurs in wet plains near rivers and lakes. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Arecaceae, Bromeliaceae, Clusiaceae, Humiriaceae, Marantaceae, Meliaceae and Rapateaceae.
High Altitude Grassland
Open fields found at the highest altitudes of the Serra do Mar, Mantiqueira and Serra Geral, mostly above 900m. The substrate is frequently igneous or metamorphic (granite/gnaisse) rock, and this vegetation type is associated to the Mata Atlântica. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Melastomataceae, Orchidaceae and Poaceae.
Várzea Field
Open vegetation where a continuous carpet of tall grasses and sedges that grows in temporarily flooded areas near rivers and lakes. It is generally associated to Várzea Inundated Forests. The more frequent plant families are the Poaceae and Cyperaceae.
Grassland
Open vegetation where there is a generally continuous carpet of grasses and subshrubby dicots while trees and robust shrubs are almost absent, found within the Cerrado and Pampa Biomes. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Cyperaceae and Leguminosae.
Rocky Field
Altitude open fields found mostly above 900 m de altitude on quartzitic, arenitic or iron and manganese rich rocky soils. It is mostly associated to the Cerrado and Caatinga Biomes. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Asteraceae, Eriocaulaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, Melastomataceae, Orchidaceae, Velloziaceae and Xyridaceae.
Carrasco Vegetation
Dense, tall xerophilous scrub with many lianas and discontinuous canopy, emergent trees sparse. Within the Caatinga Biome it occurs over deep, distrophic quartzitic sands while in the Cerrado it grows on litossoils. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Leguminosae, Apocynaceae, Combretaceae, Solanaceae.
Cerrado (lato sensu)
An assemblage of different profiles that occurs within the Cerrado Biome, where forested (Cerradão), savannas (Cerrado stricto sensu) and grasslands (Campo Sujo) share a xeromorphic flora. Amongst the more frequent plant families are Asteraceae, Leguminosae, Malpighiaceae, Poaceae, Rubiaceae e Vochysiaceae.
Riverine Forest and/or Gallery Forest
Forest associated to intermittent water courses, which can be wide (riverine) or narrower and with the canopy meeting over the river (gallery). More often associated to the Cerrado and Caatinga Biomes, is found throughout Brazil under various names. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Leguminosae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Clusiaceae and Rubiaceae.
Inundated Forest, Igapó
Amazonian forest where the soil remains either wet or flooded for most of the year, often associated to sandy soils. When compared to Terra Firme and Várzea Inundated Forests it is generally the less tall of them.
Terra Firme Forest
Dense and tall Amazonian forest growing above the river valleys, in higher ground that does not get flooded by the rivers. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Leguminosae, Lecythidaceae, Chrysobalanaceae, Sapotaceae and Burseraceae.
Inundated Forest, Várzea
Amazonian forest subject to periodical inundation during the floods, mostly associated to clay soil. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Arecaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Moraceae and Polygonaceae.
Seasonally Deciduous Forest
Forest where marked alternate dry and wet seasons determine the almost complete (90%) loss of leaves, occurring mostly on higher ground between river valleys. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Leguminosae, Malvaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae and Sapindaceae.
Seasonal Evergreen Forest
Found at the southern border of the Amazon (Alto Xingu region) this forest occurs on latossoils and is markedly seasonal, with a dry season varying from four to six months. Despite this seasonality, the plant species maintain their leaves as water is constantly avaible, due to the almost flat topography. Its floristic composition is exclusive and dissimilar to the surrounding forests (Ombrophylous Forest and Seasonally Deciduous and Semideciduous Forest).
Seasonally Semideciduous Forest
Forest where marked alternate dry and wet seasons determine partial (10–50%) loss of leaves, occurring mostly on higher ground between river valleys. Leguminosae is one of the most frequent families.
Ombrophylous Forest (=Tropical Rain Forest)
Forest ocurring in regions with high rainfall and average temperatures, with tall trees and palms. Generally tall, it can be subdivided in categories depending on the altitude where it is sited into ‘lowland’, ‘submontane’ and ‘montane’. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Leguminosae, Arecaceae, Moraceae, Myrtaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, Bromeliaceae, Araceae and Orchidaceae.
Mixed Ombrophylous Forest
Pluvial, tall forest characterized by the presence of Araucaria pines growing together with dicot trees and palms. Depending on topography, it can be subdivided into ‘submontane’ and ‘montane’. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Araucariaceae, Podocarpaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae and Euphorbiaceae.
Mangrove
Tidal, low growing mixture of perennial trees and shrubs comprising a low number of species that are able to live in sea and brackish water, in river estuaries and deltas stretching from Santa Catarina northwards up to the coast of Amapá and beyond. The important families are Rhizophoraceae, Acanthaceae, Combretaceae and Pteridaceae.
Palm vegetation
Dominated by a single species of palm with low frequency of trees, this vegetation type is associated to ecotones between Amazon, Caatinga and Cerrado Biomes. The genus that often form these pure stands are Attalea, Copernicia, Euterpe, Mauritia and Orbignya.
Restinga
Vegetation complex ocurring in the seaside lowlands of Brazil, establishing over sea deposits of sandy sediment. It comprises open or scrubby profiles nearer the beaches, while inland it is forms tall forests. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Arecaceae, Lauraceae, Myrsinaceae, Myrtaceae, Bromeliaceae, and Rubiaceae.
Amazonian Savanna
Open vegetation found within the Amazon Biome, both in well drained and waterlogged, generally sandy soils, including a mixture of shrubby savanna and open grassland. It presents similarities with the Cerrado lato sensu, but its flora is poorer. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Vochysiaceae, Leguminosae, Malpighiaceae, and Rubiaceae.
Aquatic vegetation
Found both in lotic and lentic environments, this vegetation includes floating plants, rooted plants with floating leaves and plants with submerged leaves. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Araceae, Cyperaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Pontederiaceae, Alismataceae and Poaceae.
Rocky outcrops vegetation
Inselbergs or rock outcrops surrounded by vegetation with contrasting profile and characteristics. Amongst the more frequent plant families are the Araceae, Bromeliaceae, Cactaceae, Orchidaceae, and Malvaceae.
References
:
ANDRADE-LIMA, D. The caatingas dominium.
Revista Brasileira de Botânica
, v.4, n.2, p.149-163, 1981.
ARAÚJO, F.S.; MARTINS, F.R. Fisionomia and organização da vegetação do Carrasco no Planalto da Ibiapaba, Estado do Ceará.
Acta Botanica Brasilica
. v.13, n.1., p.1-13, 1999.
EITEN, G.
Classificação da vegetação do Brasil
. Brasília: CNPq, 1983. 305p. il.
FERNANDES, A.; BEZERRA, P.
Estudo fitogeográfico do Brasil. Fortaleza
: Stylus Comunicações, 1990. 205p.
GLOSSÁRIO de ecologia. 2ed. [s.l.]: ACIESP/CNPq/FINEP/ FA-PESP, 1997. 351p. (ACIESP, 103).
POREMBSKI, S. Tropical inselbergs: habitat types, adaptive strategies and diversity patterns. Revista Brasileira de Botânica. v. 30, n.4, p.579–586, 2007.
RIBEIRO, J. F.; WALTER, B.M.T. As principais fitofisionomias do bioma Cerrado In: SANO, S. M.; ALMEIDA, S.P.; RIBEIRO, J.F. (Ed.)
Cerrado
: ecologia and flora. Brasília, DF: Embrapa Cerrados/Embrapa Informação Tecnológica, 2008, v.1, p. 151-212.
RIZZINI, C.T.
Tratado de fitogeografia do Brasil
: aspectos ecológicos, sociológicos and florísticos. Rio de Janeiro. Âmbito Cultural Edições Ltda., 1997. 2.ed., 747p. (Revisado por Cecília M. Rizzini).
VASCONCELOS, M.F. O que são campos rupestres and campos de altitude nos topos de montanha do leste do Brasil?
Revista Brasileira de Botânica
. v.34, n.2, p.241-246, 2011.
VELOSO, H.P. Sistema fitogeográfico. In: IBGE.
Manual técnico da vegetação brasileira
. Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia and Estatística, 1992. p.9-38. (Manuais Técnicos em Geociências, n.1).
SAMPAIO, D.; SOUZA, V.C.; OLIVEIRA, A.A.; PAULA-SOUZA, J.; RODRIGUES, R.R. Árvores da restinga: guia ilustrado para identificação das espécies da Ilha do Cardoso. São Paulo: Editora Neotrópica, 2005.
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Status CNC Flora
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