Didymella lethalis (R. Stone) Sivan., Bitunicate Ascomycetes and their Anamorphs: 424. 1984.
Basionym: Mycosphaerella lethalis R. Stone, Ann. Mycol. 10: 587. 1912.
= Ascochyta lethalis Ellis & Barthol., Fungi Columb. 1808. 1903.
[equivalent to] Peyronellaea lethalis (Ellis & Barthol.) Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley, Stud. Mycol. 65: 32. 2010.
Specimen examined: Unknown origin, from unknown substrate, deposited in CBS Sep. 1925, A.W. Archer, CBS 103.25.
Notes: Sivanesan (1984) published the link between Ascochyta lethalis and Didymella lethalis. However, this connection requires molecular verification. The phylogenetic data indicated that Didymella lethalis (CBS 103.25) is closely related to D. pinodes (CBS 525.77), but they differ in seven bp in four sequenced loci. Here we tentatively retain them as two distinct species. Clarification of the relationship between the two species awaits the examination of the type specimen of Didymella lethalis.
Didymella longicolla (Aveskamp et al.) Q. Chen & L. Cai, comb. nov. MycoBank MB814107.
Basionym: Phoma longicolla Aveskamp et al., Stud. Mycol. 65: 49. 2010.
Description and illustration (Aveskamp et al. 2010).
Specimen examined: Spain, Canary Isles, from Opuntia sp., J. de Gruyter (holotype CBS H-20238, culture ex-holotype CBS 124514 = PD 80/1189).
Didymella macrostoma (Mont.) Q. Chen & L. Cai, comb. et stat. nov. MycoBank MB814108.
Basionym: Phoma macrostoma var. macrostoma Mont., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. III 11: 52. 1849.
= Polyopeus purpureus var. incoloratus A.S. Horne, J. Bot. 58: 240. 1920.
[equivalent to] Phoma macrostoma var. incolorata (A.S. Horne) Boerema & Dorenb., Persoonia 6: 55. 1970. (as "macrostomum var. incolorata")
Description (de Gruyter et al. 2002).
Specimens examined: Germany, near Munchen, from the bark of Larix decidua, deposited in CBS Jun. 1995, L. Pehl, CBS 482.95. Switzerland, Vierwaldstattersee, near Brunnen, from a leaf of Acer pseudoplatanus, Oct. 1968, J. Gemmen, CBS H-16477, culture CBS 223.69. The Netherlands, Wageningen, from wood of Malus sylvestris, deposited in CBS Sep. 1969, G.H. Boerema, CBS H16431, culture CBS 529.66 = PD 66/521. Unknown origin, from seed of Pinus nigra var. astriaca, deposited in CBS Aug. 1938, J.G. ten Houten, CBS 247.38.
Notes: The representative isolate of Phoma macrostoma var. incolorata (CBS 223.69) was genetically identical, and ecologically and morphologically highly similar to the representative isolates of P. macrostoma var. macrostoma (CBS 482.95, CBS 529.66). Phoma macrostoma var. incolorata only differs from the type variety in lacking hyphal pigmentation and having a negative reaction in NaOH (de Gruyter et al. 2002), which may be related to the production of cholesterol (Rajak & Rai 1983). Since these characteristics may vary under different incubation conditions and on different media for cultivation, we concluded that these two varieties should be combined to Didymella mascrostoma. Isolate CBS 247.38, which was received as Phoma libertiana, grouped with D. macrostoma in the same well-supported clade with identical sequences in all four loci, and we therefore reidentify it as D. macrostoma.
Didymella maydis (Arny & R.R. Nelson) Q. Chen & L. Cai, comb. nov. MycoBank MB814109.
Basionym: Phyllosticta maydis Arny & R.R. Nelson, Phytopathology 61: 1171. 1971.
[equivalent to] Phoma zeae-maydis Punith., Mycopathologia 112: 50. 1990....