Trochophora R.T. Moore, Mycologia 47: 90. 1955. Fig. 19.
Foliicolous, but pathogenicity unproven. Colonies hypophyllous, medium to dark brown, consisting of numerous synnemata. Stroma absent, but with a superficial network of hyphae linking the various synnemata. Conidiophores synnematous, mostly unbranched and straight, or with 1-2 short branches, straight or curved, cylindrical, individual conidiophores tightly aggregated, but separating near the apex, pale to medium brown, smooth. Conidiogenous cells polyblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate to sympodial, with visible unthickened scar, clavate. Conidia solitary, terminal or lateral on conidiogenous cells, prominently curved to helicoid, pale to medium brown, smooth, transversely euseptate with a darkened, thickened band at the septa (adapted from Crous et al. 2009a).
Type species: Trochophora simplex (Petch) R.T. Moore, Mycologia, 47: 90. 1955.
Specimens examined: Japan, Shimane, on Daphniphyllum teijsmannii, 26 April 2008, C. Nakashima & I. Araki, MUMH 11134, culture MUCC 952. South Korea, Jeju, Halla arboretum, on D. macropodum, 29 Oct. 2005, H.D. Shin, CBS H-20847, culture CBS 124744.
Notes: Other pseudocercospora-like species found in this clade are P. colombiensis (foliar pathogen of Eucalyptus; Crous 1998), and P thailandica (foliar pathogen of Acacia; Crous et al. 2004d), both also having mycosphaerella-like teleomorphs. Morphologically, these taxa appear typical members of Pseudocercospora s. str. so it would be difficult to identify these as different from Pseudocercospora without the aid of DNA sequence comparisons.
Clade 13: Passalora-like
Notes: This clade is represented by Passalora eucalypti, which was originally described as a leaf spot pathogen of Eucalyptus saligna in Brazil (Crous 1998, Crous & Braun 2003). Recently, a second species was found to belong to this clade, namely Passalora leptophlebiae, which was described from Eucalyptus leptophlebia leaves collected in Brazil (Crous et al. 2011a). Both species are charaterised by fasciculate conidiophores and catenate, pale brown conidia, with thickened, darkened and refractive scars and hila.
Clade 14: Pseudocercospora s. str.
Pseudocercospora Speg., Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires, Ser. 3, 20: 437. 1910.
Foliicolous, chiefly phytopathogenic, but also endophytic; commonly associated with leaf spots, but also occurring on fruit. Mycelium internal and external, consisting of smooth, septate, subhyaline to brown, branched hyphae. Stroma absent to welldeveloped. Conidiophores in vivo arranged in loose to dense fascicles, sometimes forming distinct synnemata or sporodochia, emerging through stomata or erumpent through the cuticle, often arising from substomatal or subcuticular to intraepidermal stromata, or occurring singly on superficial hyphae, short to long, septate or continuous, i.e. conidiophores may be reduced to conidiogenous cells, simple to branched and straight to geniculate-sinuous, pale to dark brown, smooth to finely verruculose. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, occasionally intercalary, polyblastic, sympodial, or monoblastic, proliferating percurrently via inconspicuous or darkened, irregular annellations, at times denticulate, pale to dark brown; scars inconspicous, or only thickened along the rim, or flat, and slightly thickened and darkened, but never pronounced. Conidia solitary, rarely in simple chains, subhyaline, olivaceous, pale to dark brown, usually scolecosporous, i.e. obclavate-cylindrical, filiform, acicular, and transversely plurieuseptate, occasionally also with oblique to longitudinal septa, conidia rarely amero- to phragmosporous, short subcylindrical or ellipsoidal-ovoid,...