Abstract :
Species of Pestalotiopsis occur commonly as plant pathogens, and represent a fungal group known to produce a wide range of chemically novel, diverse metabolites. In the present study, we investigated 91 Pestalotiopsis isolates from the CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre (CBS) culture collection. The phylogeny of the Amphisphaeriaceae was constructed based on analysis of 28S nrRNA gene (LSU) sequence data, and taxonomic changes are proposed to reflect more natural groupings. We combined morphological and DNA data, and segregated two novel genera from Pestalotiopsis, namely Neopestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis. The three genera are easily distinguishable on the basis of their conidiogenous cells and colour of their median conidial cells. We coupled morphological and combined sequence data of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), partial p-tubulin (TUB) and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF) gene regions, which revealed 30 clades in Neopestalotiopsis and 43 clades in Pestalotiopsis. Based on these data, 11 new species are introduced in Neopestalotiopsis, 24 in Pestalotiopsis, and two in Pseudopestalotiopsis. Several new combinations are proposed to emend monophyly of Neopestalotiopsis, Pestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis. Key words: Amphisphaeriaceae, New species, Pestalosphaeria, Pestalotia, Phylogeny, Taxonomy. Taxonomic novelties: New genera: Neopestalotiopsis Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, Pseudopestalotiopsis Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous; New species: Neopestalotiopsis aotearoa Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. australis Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. cubana Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. eucalypticola Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. formicarum Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. honoluluana Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. javaensis Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. mesopotamica Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. piceana Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. surinamensis Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. zimbabwana Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, Pestalotiopsis arceuthobii Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. arengae Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. australasiae Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. australis Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. biciliata Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. chamaeropis Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. colombiensis Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. diploclisiae Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. grevilleae Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. hawaiiensis Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. hollandica Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. humus Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. kenyana Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. knightiae Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. malayana Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. monochaeta Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. novae-hollandiae Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. oryzae Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. papuana Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. parva Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. portugalica Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. scoparia Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. spathulata Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. telopeae Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, Pseudopestalotiopsis cocos Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, P. indica Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous; New combinations: Neopestalotiopsis asiatica (Maharachch. & K.D. Hyde) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. chrysea (Maharachch. & K.D. Hyde) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. clavispora (G.F. Atk.) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. ellipsospora (Maharachch. & K.D. Hyde) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. foedans (Sacc. & Ellis) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. magna (Maharachch. & K.D. Hyde) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. natalensis (J.F.H. Beyma) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. protearum (Crous & L. Swart) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. samarangensis (Maharachch. & K.D. Hyde) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. saprophytica (Maharachch. & K.D. Hyde) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. steyaertii (Mordue) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, N. umbrinospora (Maharachch. & K.D. Hyde) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, Pestalotiopsis brassicae (Guba) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous, Pseudopestalotiopsis theae (Sawada) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous.
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