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Os fungos coprófilos representam um grupo especializado ecologicamente que estão associados a esterco de animais, especialmente os herbívoros, todavia existe alguns registros de fungos coprófilos em esterco de aves e invertebrados,... more
Os fungos coprófilos representam um grupo especializado ecologicamente que estão associados a esterco de animais, especialmente os herbívoros, todavia existe alguns registros de fungos coprófilos em esterco de aves e invertebrados, podendo também estar associado a solos contaminados por fezes (Krug et al., 2004).
This paper deals with the occurrence of three species of the genus Thozetella Kuntze found on decaying leaves in the semi-arid region of Bahia State, Brazil: T. cristata Piroz. & Hodges, T. cubensis R.F.Castañeda & G.R.W. Arnold, and T.... more
This paper deals with the occurrence of three species of the genus Thozetella Kuntze found on decaying leaves in the semi-arid region of Bahia State, Brazil: T. cristata Piroz. & Hodges, T. cubensis R.F.Castañeda & G.R.W. Arnold, and T. havanensis R.F. Castañeda. Description and illustrations are provided for T. havanensis, a new register for Bahia State. A taxonomic key with all species of Thozetella collected in Brazil is added.
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Research Interests: Botany, Evolutionary Biology, Microbiology, Plant Biology, Biology, and 5 moreSystematics, Medicine, LSU, New Taxa, and Persoonia
Research Interests: Microbiology, Medical Microbiology, Brazil, Fungi, Forests, and 6 moreTrees, Ecosystem, Seasons, Plant Leaves, Sbm, and Clusiaceae
During surveys for decomposer ascomycetes of plant debris, three previously described species of Chaetomium were collected: C. funicola, C. homopilatum and C. longicolleum. Descriptions, taxonomic comments, geographical distributions, and... more
During surveys for decomposer ascomycetes of plant debris, three previously described species of Chaetomium were collected: C. funicola, C. homopilatum and C. longicolleum. Descriptions, taxonomic comments, geographical distributions, and illustrations are presented for the species.
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Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify... more
Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11 International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundament...
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During an inventory of lignicolous fungi in freshwater habitats in northeastern Brazil, an interesting ascomycete belonging to the genus Annulatascus was found. This fungus differs morphologically from other species of Annulatascus and is... more
During an inventory of lignicolous fungi in freshwater habitats in northeastern Brazil, an interesting ascomycete belonging to the genus Annulatascus was found. This fungus differs morphologically from other species of Annulatascus and is herein described as a new species, A. apiculatus. The new species is characterized by globose, black, semi-immersed perithecial ascomata with stout black necks; cylindrical, unitunicate asci that have a relatively large bipartite, refractive apical apparatus; hyaline, 0–3 septate ascospores with short, cellular, hyaline, tapering, bipolar apiculi, and surrounded by a narrow mucilaginous sheath. The new species differs from other described Annulatascus species in ascospore dimensions and the presence of bipolar apiculi.
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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is responsible for white mold of soybean, and the difficulty to control the disease in Brazil is causing million-dollar damages. Stachybotrys levispora showed activity against S. sclerotiorum. In our present... more
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is responsible for white mold of soybean, and the difficulty to control the disease in Brazil is causing million-dollar damages. Stachybotrys levispora showed activity against S. sclerotiorum. In our present investigation, we analyzed the chemical basis of this inhibition. Eight compounds were isolated and using spectroscopic methods their structures were identified as the known substances: 7-Dechlorogriseofulvin, 7-dechlorodehydrogriseofulvin, griseofulvin, dehydrogriseofulvin, 3,13-dihydroxy-5,9,11-trimethoxy-1-methylbenzophenone, griseophenone A, 13-hydroxy-3,5,9,11-tetramethoxy-1-methylbenzophenone and 12-chloro-13-hydroxy-3,5,9,11-tetramethoxy-1-methylbenzophenone. Griseofulvin inhibited the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum at 2 µg mL-1. Thus, the antagonistic effect of S. levispora to S. sclerotiorum may well be due to the presence of griseofulvins. Our results stimulate new work on biosynthesis of griseofulvins, to locate genes that encode key enzym...
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Knowledge of the relationships and thus the classification of fungi, has developed rapidly with increasingly widespread use of molecular techniques, over the past 10–15 years, and continues to accelerate. Several genera have been found to... more
Knowledge of the relationships and thus the classification of fungi, has developed rapidly with increasingly widespread use of molecular techniques, over the past 10–15 years, and continues to accelerate. Several genera have been found to be polyphyletic, and their generic concepts have subsequently been emended. New names have thus been introduced for species which are phylogenetically distinct from the type species of particular genera. The ending of the separate naming of morphs of the same species in 2011, has also caused changes in fungal generic names. In order to facilitate access to all important changes, it was desirable to compile these in a single document. The present article provides a list of generic names of Ascomycota (approximately 6500 accepted names published to the end of 2016), including those which are lichen-forming. Notes and summaries of the changes since the last edition of ‘Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi’ in 2008 are provided. The notes includ...
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Resumo Durante investigação de fungos conidiais associados a materiais vegetais em decomposição em uma área de extrema relevância biológica no bioma Caatinga, município de Morro do Chapéu, estado da Bahia, novos registros para o... more
Resumo Durante investigação de fungos conidiais associados a materiais vegetais em decomposição em uma área de extrema relevância biológica no bioma Caatinga, município de Morro do Chapéu, estado da Bahia, novos registros para o continente Americano, América do Sul, Neotrópico e Brasil foram encontrados. Dendryphiopsis biseptata Morgan-Jones, R.C. Sinclair & Eicker e Virgariella atra S. Hughes são novos registros para o continente Americano; Dictyochaeta matsushimae (Hewings & J.L. Crane) Whitton, McKenzie & K.D. Hyde, Endophragmiella boothii (M.B. Ellis) S. Hughes são reportados pela primeira vez para o Neotrópico; Anungitea palustris R.F. Castañeda & W.B. Kendr., Dictyochaeta anamorfo de Chaetosphaeria dingleyae S. Hughes, W.B. Kendr. & Shoemaker, Dictyochaeta anamorfo de Chaetosphaeria pulchriseta S. Hughes, W.B. Kendr. & Shoemaker, Eversia parvula Hol.-Jech., Gyrothrix hughesii Piroz. e Minimelanolocus navicularis (R.F. Castañeda) R.F. Castañeda são novos registros para a Améric...
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Knowledge about the Brazilian fungal diversity was, until 2010, recorded in few taxonomy and ecology publications, as well as in a handful of species lists. With the publication of the Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil and the... more
Knowledge about the Brazilian fungal diversity was, until 2010, recorded in few taxonomy and ecology publications, as well as in a handful of species lists. With the publication of the Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil and the continued availability of an online list, it has been possible to aggregate this dispersed knowledge. The version presented here adds 2,111 species names to the 3,608 listed in 2010. A total of 5,719 species of fungi distributed in 1,246 genera, 102 orders and 13 phyla represents a considerable increase over the last five years, when only 924 genera and 78 orders were registered. Basidiomycota (2,741 species in 22 orders) and Ascomycota (1,881 species in 41 orders) predominate over other groups. The Atlantic Rainforest has the largest number of records, with 3,017 species, followed by Amazon Rainforest (1,050), Caatinga (999), Cerrado (638) and Pampa and Pantanal with 84 and 35 species, respectively. The Northeast region has the greatest richness (2,617 s...
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ABSTRACT Distophragmia gen. nov. is established to accommodate Endophragmiella rigidiuscula based on the type of conidial septa. Descriptions and illustrations are provided.
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ABSTRACT Phaeoschizotrichum ramosum gen. & sp. nov. and Pyriculariopsis bicolorata sp. nov., two new asexual fungi collected on leaves of Calophyllum brasiliense in the Brazilian semiarid Caatinga region, are described and... more
ABSTRACT Phaeoschizotrichum ramosum gen. & sp. nov. and Pyriculariopsis bicolorata sp. nov., two new asexual fungi collected on leaves of Calophyllum brasiliense in the Brazilian semiarid Caatinga region, are described and illustrated. Phaeoschizotrichum ramosum is characterized by distinctly branched conidiophores, discrete, terminal, sympodially extended conidiogenous cells, and subulate to narrowly obclavate, 1–4-septate, pale brown conidia. Pyriculariopsis bicolorata is distinguished by conidia that are obclavate to subulate, 1-septate, bicolored, and smooth.
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ABSTRACT Matsushimiella paraensis sp. nov. is described and illustrated from specimens collected on submerged leaves in a stream, from Pará, Brazil, in the Amazon rainforest. The fungus is characterized by polyblastic sympodially... more
ABSTRACT Matsushimiella paraensis sp. nov. is described and illustrated from specimens collected on submerged leaves in a stream, from Pará, Brazil, in the Amazon rainforest. The fungus is characterized by polyblastic sympodially extending conidiogenous cells and ellipsoid, long ovoid to broadly oblong, 2–4-distoseptate medium to golden brown smooth conidia with a pale brown to subhyaline basal frill left by rhexolytic conidial secession.
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ABSTRACT Digicatenosporium polyramosum gen. & sp. nov., collected on the decaying bark of an unidentified dicotyledonous plant in Bahia, Brazil, is described and illustrated. This species is unique in its distinct... more
ABSTRACT Digicatenosporium polyramosum gen. & sp. nov., collected on the decaying bark of an unidentified dicotyledonous plant in Bahia, Brazil, is described and illustrated. This species is unique in its distinct unbranched conidiophores, monoblastic integrated determinate conidiogenous cells, and highly digitate branched blastocatenate reddish to yellowish brown or brown conidia.
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Durante investigação de fungos conidiais associados a materiais vegetais em decomposição em uma área de extrema relevância biológica no bioma Caatinga, município de Morro do Chapéu, estado da Bahia, novos registros para o continente... more
Durante investigação de fungos conidiais associados a materiais vegetais em decomposição em uma área de extrema relevância biológica no bioma Caatinga, município de Morro do Chapéu, estado da Bahia, novos registros para o continente Americano, América do Sul, Neotrópico e Brasil foram encontrados. Dendryphiopsis biseptata Morgan-Jones, R.C. Sinclair & Eicker e Virgariella atra S. Hughes são novos registros para o continente Americano; Dictyochaeta matsushimae (Hewings & J.L. Crane) Whitton, McKenzie & K.D. Hyde, Endophragmiella boothii (M.B. Ellis) S. Hughes são reportados pela primeira vez para o Neotrópico; Anungitea palustris R.F. Castañeda & W.B. Kendr., Dictyochaeta anamorfo de Chaetosphaeria dingleyae S. Hughes, W.B. Kendr. & Shoemaker, Dictyochaeta anamorfo de Chaetosphaeria pulchriseta S. Hughes, W.B. Kendr. & Shoemaker, Eversia parvula Hol.-Jech., Gyrothrix hughesii Piroz. e Minimelanolocus navicularis (R.F. Castañeda) R.F. Castañeda são novos registros para a América do Su...
Por muitos anos o semiárido brasileiro, tão peculiar em suas paisagens e biodiversidade, ficou em segundo plano nos projetos que visavam identificar a riqueza de fungos, tanto pela dificuldade de apoio logístico nas atividades de campo,... more
Por muitos anos o semiárido brasileiro, tão peculiar em suas paisagens e biodiversidade, ficou em segundo plano nos projetos que visavam identificar a riqueza de fungos, tanto pela dificuldade de apoio logístico nas atividades de campo, como por suas dimensões e distância dos centros de pesquisa. Somente a partir de 2004, com a implementação do Programa de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade do Semiárido (PPBio Semiárido/CNPq/MCT), foi possível a realização de inventários em áreas consideradas, pelo Ministério do Meio Ambiente, de extrema importância biológica para conservação. O apoio financeiro do PPBio possibilitou a aquisição de equipamentos, a realização de expedições de campo, bem como bolsas de apoio técnico. Além disso, as pesquisas foram apoiadas através do aporte de bolsas de mestrado implementadas pelo Programa de Capacitação em Taxonomia (PROTAX/ CNPq/CAPES) e projetos de doutorado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução (PPgSE/CAPES) e Programa de Pós-graduação em...
Ingoldian fungi play an important ecological role by active participation in the decomposition of submerged leaves in aquatic ecosystems. These fungi produce conidia that are filiform, tetraradiate, multiradiate, scolecoid or sigmoid,... more
Ingoldian fungi play an important ecological role by active participation in the decomposition of submerged leaves in aquatic ecosystems. These fungi produce conidia that are filiform, tetraradiate, multiradiate, scolecoid or sigmoid, which aid in the adaptation and dispersal in freshwater habitats. Despite their important ecological role in freshwater there have been no taxonomic and distributional studies of these fungi in the Brazilian Amazon. The aim of this study was to report new records of Ingoldian fungi to Americas, Brazil and Brazilian Amazon region. The fungal specimens were obtained from natural foam, found on the surface of streams in the “Reserva Ducke” (municipality of Manaus) and the “Balneário Marupiara” (municipality of Presidente Figueiredo) in Amazonas state, Brazil. The foam samples were transferred to slides and completely evaporated at room temperature. Lactic acid was added to the slides and covered using a glass cover slip and sealed with nail polish. Seventeen taxa were recorded. All identified taxa are new records: one new to the Americas (Tricladium curvisporum Descals), three new to Brazil (Condylospora flexuosa Nawawi and Kuthub., C. spumigena Nawawi and Dwayaangam cornuta Descals), and 13 new to the Brazilian Amazon region. Our study provides baseline data on the species composition of Ingoldian fungi from the Brazilian Amazon region, thereby enhancing the knowledge of aquatic mycology in this biodiversity hotspot. Descriptions, illustrations, geographical distribution patterns and comments are presented for all observed species.
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APRESENTAÇÃO Este livro é produto do esforço coletivo dos pesquisadores das instituições do Nordeste que participaram ativamente do trabalho de inventário do projeto PPBio Semiárido, assim como de seus estudantes de Iniciação Científica,... more
APRESENTAÇÃO Este livro é produto do esforço coletivo dos pesquisadores das instituições do Nordeste que participaram ativamente do trabalho de inventário do projeto PPBio Semiárido, assim como de seus estudantes de Iniciação Científica, Pós-graduandos nos níveis de Mestrado e Doutorado, bolsistas do PPBio e colaboradores externos de outras instituições do país e do exterior. O método adotado para os trabalhos de inventário da diversidade de artrópodes pela equipe do PPBio Semiárido Invertebrados foi baseado em excursões de coleta com a participação de todas as equipes. Este se mostrou eficiente no que se refere a amostragem, assim como, se estabeleceu uma parceria interinstitucional importante para o funcionamento da rede de pesquisa do Semiárido, meta do PPBio. O fruto deste trabalho pode ser observado nos 22 capítulos que tratam dos distintos táxons de artrópodes coletados. Mais dois capítulos complementam o livro, o primeiro é uma apresentação do Programa de Pesquisa em Biodiv...
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ABSTRACT Diplococcium variegatum sp. nov., found on a decaying leaf of an unidentified plant, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by variegated pigmented structures and limoniform to ovoid, 0-septate, pale brown, brown to... more
ABSTRACT Diplococcium variegatum sp. nov., found on a decaying leaf of an unidentified plant, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by variegated pigmented structures and limoniform to ovoid, 0-septate, pale brown, brown to dark brown conidia in acropetal chains.
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ABSTRACT The fungi have wide distribution in ecosystems and can be found colonizing various substrates, where they act as efficient decomposers, participating in cycling of nutrients. The present study aimed to assess the diversity,... more
ABSTRACT The fungi have wide distribution in ecosystems and can be found colonizing various substrates, where they act as efficient decomposers, participating in cycling of nutrients. The present study aimed to assess the diversity, richness and composition of filamentous fungi in leaf litter and aerial litter in a semi-deciduous forest in the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. Samples of leaf litter and aerial litter were collected monthly from October/2009 to September/ 2010 in eight installments in the studied area. Those samples were washed, placed in moist chambers and incubated. 47 taxa were identified, 37 in leaf litter and 35 in aerial litter, with 25 species common to both. A similarity of 69 % according to Sorensen index. The similarity was considered low when the sample points were compared to the same litter. Most fungi showed sporadic intervals.
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Os fungos conidiais desempenham importante papel em ecossistemas dulcícolas, sendo responsáveis pela decomposição de matéria orgânica. No bioma Caatinga, contudo, estudos abordando estes fungos ainda são incipientes. Neste estudo... more
Os fungos conidiais desempenham importante papel em ecossistemas dulcícolas, sendo responsáveis pela decomposição de matéria orgânica. No bioma Caatinga, contudo, estudos abordando estes fungos ainda são incipientes. Neste estudo realizou-se um levantamento de fungos conidiais aquáticos associados a substratos vegetais submersos em ambientes lóticos, em um período de dois anos, em cinco áreas inseridas neste bioma (Brejo Paraibano-PB, APA da Chapada do Araripe e PARNA de Ubajara-CE, PARNA da Serra das Confusões-PI, Serra da Jibóia-BA). Foram identificadas 90 espécies distribuídas em 62 gêneros. Duas foram classificadas como ingoldianas, duas como aero-aquáticas, e 86 como aquático-facultativas. A área que apresentou o maior número de espécies foi o Brejo Paraibano com 34 espécies, e com o menor número foi a APA da Chapada do Araripe com 20. Quanto aos substratos vegetais, a lâmina foliar apresentou o maior número de espécies, com 63. A similaridade entre as áreas, segundo índice de ...