John Heartfield: Reservations (1939)

Montage, John Heartfield
John Heartfield: Montage of the ghettoisation of the Jews in Poland, 1939
Akademie der Künste, Berlin, Kunstsammlung: John Heartfield, Nr. 424, © The Heartfield Community of Heirs/VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn 2015

John Heartfield: Reservations (1939)

At the beginning of his time in exile in Britain, the graphic artist John Heartfield worked for various British newspapers. He produced photomontages on current events in which he commented on the Nazis and the course of the war. Shortly before his internment as an “enemy alien”, Heartfield composed the montage Reservations, in which he exposed the measures undertaken by the German occupying authorities against the Jews of Poland. In the montage, Heinrich Himmler is standing over a fenced-in mass of people swinging a whip and holding a dagger in his hand. In the 10 December 1939 issue of Reynold’s News the picture is printed under the title Jews driven like cattle and a text describing how the Polish Jews were being driven into “reservations” like “cattle”. By combining the image and text, Heartfield illustrates what is meant by a “reservation” for Jews: a cramped, inhumane ghetto. At the same time, the dagger-wielding Himmler implies that the Jews are in peril for their lives. This photomontage on the fate of the European Jews was one of Heartfield's last political works for the British press. After his internment and long illness, he primarily designed the covers of generally apolitical books.

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