Determined according to the botanical keys provided in Flora Europaea (Ball in Tutin et al., 1972).
Two subspecies of Lamium bifidum Cyrillo occur in the Osogovo region: Lamium bifidum Cirillo subsp. bifidum and Lamium bifidum subsp. balcanicum Velen. Distinction between subspecies:
–Lamium bifidum Cirillosubsp. bifidum: corolla white; lower leaves cordate to almost truncate at base; leaves usually with a whitish patch along the main vein on the adaxial side.
–Lamium bifidum subsp. balcanicum Velen: corolla purple, lower leaves rounded at base according to literature data (note: heart shaped leaves of the populations in Osogovo do occur); white patch along middle vein absent.
Habitat: Clearings and edges of forests.
Distribution:Lamium bifidum Cirillo subsp. bifidum is native to South and Southeast Europe according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (2010).
Lifeform: Annual, therophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Flowering period: Spring: APR, MAY.
Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – habit in habitat. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – habit. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – habit. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – habit. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – habit. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – stems with inflorescence. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – verticillasters with flowers. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – flowers. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – flowers. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – flowers. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – flowers. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – flowers. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – upper cauline leaf and spent verticillaster. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – cauline leaves and fruiting verticillaster. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – upper cauline leaves. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – cauline leaves and spent verticillaster. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – cauline leaf. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – cauline leaves. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – lower cauline leaves. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – lower cauline leaves. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – lower cauline leaves. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – lower cauline leaves. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – lower cauline leaf. Osogovo, ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – habit. Osogovo, Gorges of “Kochanska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – inflorescence. Osogovo, Gorges of “Kochanska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – flowers. Osogovo, Gorges of “Kochanska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lamium bifidumsubsp. bifidum – cauline leaf. Osogovo, Gorges of “Kochanska” River, 16.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Lamium L. Ball, P. W. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1972). Flora Europaea. Volume 3: Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 147-148.
