Kastamonu Uni., Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018, 18 (1): 46-52
Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty
Doi: 10.17475/kastorman.290359
Research Article
New additions to Turkish Helotiales and Orbiliales
Abdullah KAYA1*, Yasin UZUN1, İbrahim Halil KARACAN2, Semiha YAKAR1
1*
Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Faculty of Science, Karaman, 70100, Turkey
2
Ömer Özmimar Religious Anatolian High School, Gaziantep, 27220, Turkey
*Corresponding author: kayaabd@hotmail.com
Received Date: 06.02.2017
Accepted Date: 05.02.2018
Abstract
Aim of study: Though hundreds of studies were conducted on the biodiversity of Turkish fungi, the
mycobiota has not been determined yet. Probably thousands of researches are required to determine the
overall mycobiota of Turkey. This study were also carried out upon this purpose and aims to make a
contribution to the mycobiota of Turkey by adding new genera and species records.
Area of study: This study was carried out within the boundaries of İslahiye, Nurdağı and Şehitkamil
districts of Gaziantep province.
Material and Methods: The macrofungi samples were collected from İslahiye, Nurdağı and
Şehitkamil districts in the years 2014 and 2015. After obtaining required field data, they were transferred
to the fungarium and investigated in terms of macroscopy and microscopy. Then they were identified
with the help of relevant literature.
Main results: Five ascomycetous fungi species; Bisporella sulfurina (Quél.) S.E. Carp. (Helotiaceae
Rehm), Lachnum fuscescens (Pers.) P. Karst. (Lachnaceae Raitv.), Cyclaneusma niveum (Pers.)
DiCosmo, Peredo & Minter (Marthamycetaceae H.O. Baral, G. Lantz, Hustad & Minter), Hyalorbilia
inflatula (P. Karst.) Baral & G. Marson and Orbilia aristata (Velen.) Velen. (Orbiliaceae Nannf.), within
the orders Helotiales and Orbiliales were determined. Tracing the current literature the taxa were found to
be new for the mycobiota of Turkey.
Research highlights: Macrofungal biodiversity studies are necessary to be able to determine the
mycobiota of Turkey.
Keywords: New records, Helotiales, Orbiliales, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Türkiye Helotiales’leri ve Orbiliales’lerine yeni ilaveler
Özet
Çalışmanın amacı: Türkiye mantarlarının biyoçeşitliliği ile ilgili yüzlerce çalışma yapılmış olmasına
ragmen, mikobiyota henüz ortaya konamamıştır. Türkiye mikobiyotasının belirlenmesi için belki de
binlerce araştırma yapılmalıdır. Bu çalışma da bu amaca yönelik olarak gerçekleştirilmiş olup yeni cins ve
tür kayıtları ilavesiyle Türkiye mikobiyotasına katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
Çalışma alanı: Bu çalışma Gaziantep’in İslahiye, Nurdağı ve Şehitkamil ilçe sınırları içinde
gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Makromantar örnekleri 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında İslahiye, Nurdağı ve Şehitkamil
ilçelerinden toplanmıştır. Gerekli arazi verileri derlendikten sonra, örnekler fungaryuma taşınıp,
makroskobik ve mikroskobik incelemeleri gerçekleştirilmiş. Sonra da ilgili literatür yardımıyla teşhisleri
yapılmıştır.
Temel Sonuçlar: Helotiales ve Orbiliales takımları içinde yer alan beş askomiset mantar türü;
Bisporella sulfurina (Quél.) S.E. Carp. (Helotiaceae Rehm), Lachnum fuscescens (Pers.) P. Karst.
(Lachnaceae Raitv.), Cyclaneusma niveum (Pers.) DiCosmo, Peredo & Minter (Marthamycetaceae H.O.
Baral, G. Lantz, Hustad & Minter), Hyalorbilia inflatula (P. Karst.) Baral & G. Marson ve Orbilia
aristata (Velen.) Velen. (Orbiliaceae Nannf.), Türkiye mikobiyotası için yeni kayıt olarak verilmiştir.
Araştırma vurguları: Türkiye mikobiyotasının belirlenebilmesi için makromantar biyoçeşitliliği
çalışmaları gereklidir.
Anahtar kelimeler: Yeni kayıtlar, Helotiales, Orbiliales, Gaziantep, Türkiye.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
License.
46
Kastamonu Uni., Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018, 18 (1): 46-52
Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty
Kaya et al.
trinocular light microscope. As chemical
reagents or investigation media, distilled
water, Meltzer’s reagent and Congo red were
used. Identification of the samples were
perfored by comparing the obtained data with
DiCosmo et al. (1983), Breitenbach and
Kränzlin (1984), Wang (2005), Hou et al.
(2006), Zhang et al. (2009), Medel et al.
(2013), Guo et al. (2014), Ivanová (2015)
and Quijada et al. (2015). Dried fruit bodies
are kept at Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey
University, Kamil Özdağ Science Faculty,
Department of Biology.
Introduction
Helotiales Nannf. and Orbiliales Baral,
O.E. Erikss. are two orders within the
phylum Ascomycota. Helotiales contains
approximately 3880 taxa within 501 genera
and 10 families and the members are
characterized with stipitate or sessile, disc
formed, cup like or more rarely convex
apothecial ascomata, thin walled asci with
unseparable wall, and spores which are
symmetric in longitude, generally hyaline,
usually smooth, simple or septate in across
(Akata et al., 2016a). On the other hand the
species of Orbiliales are characterized by
generally convex, brightly coloured or
translucent apothecial ascomata, small asci,
small, hyaline, ovoid to ellipsoid, usually
curved or even helical and mostly aseptate
ascospores, and it contains 288 taxa
belonging to 12 genera within the family
Orbiliaceae Nannf. (Cannon and Kirk, 2007;
Kirk et al., 2008).
Currently 70 taxa of Helotiales within 43
genera exist in Turkey (Sesli and Denchev,
2008; Kaya, 2009; Akata and Kaya 2010;
2012; 2013; Akata et al., 2014a; 2014b;
Uzun et al., 2014; 2015a; 2015b; Güngör et
al., 2015a; 2015b; Akata et al., 2016b; Akçay
and Uzun, 2016; Doğan and Kurt, 2016;
Öztürk et al., 2016; Uzun et al., 2017a) while
only five members of Orbiliales, Orbilia
auricolor (A. Bloxam) Sacc., Orbilia
curvatispora Boud., Orbilia luteorubella
(Nyl.) P. Karst., Orbilia sarraziniana Boud.
and Orbilia xanthostigma (Fr.) Fr. (Akata
and Doğan, 2015; Uzun et al., 2017b), have
so far been recorded from Turkey.
The present study aims to make a
contribution to Turkish mycobiota.
Results
Kirk et al. (2008) and Index fungorum
(www.indexfungorum.org:
accessed
20
December 2016) were followed for the
systematics of the taxa
Helotiales Nannf.
Helotiaceae Rehm
Bisporella sulfurina (Quél.) S.E.Carp.
(1974).
Syn: Calycella sulfurina (Quél.) Boud.,
Calycella sulfurina var. brassicae Grélet,
Calycella sulfurina (Quél.), Boud., var.
sulfurina, Calycina sulfurina (Quél.) Kuntze,
Helotium sulfurinum Quél.
Macroscopic and microscopic features:
Apothecia 0.5-1.5 mm in diameter, cup,
saucer to plate-shaped, bright to sulfuryellow, hymenial surface smooth (Figure 1a).
Asci 60-90 × 4-6 µm, cylindric clavate,
conical at the apex, eight spored, spores
usually biseriate (Figure 1b). Paraphyses
filiform. Ascospores 8-12 × 2 µm, ellipticalfusiform, smooth, hyaline, mostly with one
septum (Figure 1c). Bisporella sulfurina
usually found on dead branches often in
small dense clusters, and always associated
with old fruit-bodies of fungal species
belonging to the Xylariales (Hubregtse,
2017).
Specimen
examined:
TURKEY
—
Gaziantep: İslahiye, Kozdere village, on dead
Quercus L. sp. twigs, 37°06′N-36°39′E,
550m, 15.03.2014, K.8642; Şehitkamil,
Yeşilce village, 37°10′N-37°12′E, 1045 m,
29.11.2014, K.10738; 12.04.2015, K. 11706.
Materials and methods
Samples of macrofungi were collected
from İslahiye, Nurdağı and Şehitkamil
districts of Gaziantep province between 2014
and 2015. During field studies the fruiting
bodies were photographed where they grow
and required characteristics for identification
about their ecology and morphology were
noted. Micromorphological studies were
carried out under Nikon Eclipse Ci-S
47
Kastamonu Uni., Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018, 18 (1): 46-52
Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty
Kaya et al.
Figure 1. Bisporella sulfurina: a. ascocarps, b. asci and paraphyses, c. ascospores.
Lachnaceae Raitv.
Lachnum fuscescens (Pers.) P.Karst.
(1885).
Syn: Atractobolus brunneolus (Desm.)
Kuntze, Atractobolus fuscescens (Pers.)
Kuntze, Brunnipila fagicola (W.Phillips)
Baral, Brunnipila fuscescens (Pers.) Baral,
Dasyscyphus brunneolus (Desm.) Sacc.,
Dasyscyphus brunneolus (Desm.) Sacc., var.
brunneolus, Dasyscyphus brunneolus var.
fagicola (W.Phillips) Sacc., Dasyscyphus
fagicola (W.Phillips) Le Gal, Dasyscyphus
fuscescens (Pers.) Gray, Dasyscyphus
fuscescens var. fagicola (W.Phillips) Dennis,
Dasyscyphus fuscescens (Pers.) Gray, var.
fuscescens, Lachnea brunneola (Desm.)
Gillet, Lachnea brunneola var. brasiliensis
Bres., Lachnea brunneola (Desm.) Gillet,
var. brunneola, Lachnella brunneola (Desm.)
Sacc., Lachnella brunneola (Desm.) Sacc.,
var. brunneola, Lachnella brunneola var.
fagicola W.Phillips, Lachnella fuscescens
(Pers.) W.Phillips, Lachnum brunneolum
(Desm.)
P.Karst.,
Lachnum
fagicola
(W.Phillips) Raitv., Lachnum fuscescens
(Pers.) P.Karst., var. fuscescens, Peziza
brunneola Desm., Peziza fuscescens Pers.,
Stictis fagicola W. Phillips.
Macroscopic and microscopic features:
Apothecia 0.3-1.3 mm in diameter, cup to
saucer-shaped, short stipitate, white to ocherwhitish, covered with whitish to lightbrownish hairs which are 80-90 µm long,
septate, finely encrusted and with a crystal
structure at the tips (Figure 2c)., hymenial
surface smooth (Figure 2a). Asci 40-60 × 46.5 µm, cylindrical, eight spored, usually
spores irregularly biseriate (Figure 2b).
Paraphyses lanceolate. Ascospores 7-9 × 22.5 µm, fusiform, smooth, hyaline (Figure
2d). Lachnum fuscescens grows on fallen
leaves of Fagus L. and Quercus L.
(Breitenbach and Kränzlin, 1984).
Specimen
examined:
TURKEY
—
Gaziantep: Nurdağı, Olucak village, on dead
Quercus L. sp. twigs, 37°10′N-36°40′E, 950
m, 10.04.2015, K.11681.
Marthamycetaceae H.O.Baral, G.Lantz,
Hustad & Minter
Cyclaneusma niveum (Pers.) DiCosmo,
Peredo & Minter (1983).
Syn:
Lophodermium
gilvum
Rostr.,
Naemacyclus niveus (Pers.) Fuckel ex Sacc.,
Propolis nivea (Pers.) Fr., Schmitzomia nivea
(Pers.) De Not., Stictis nivea Pers.
Macroscopic and microscopic features:
Apothecia
1-1.5
mm
in
diameter,
subepidermal, elliptical when fully open,
raising the epidermis forming two parallel
longitudinal barriers, hymenial surface
smooth, waxy (Figure 3a). Asci 110-140 ×
11-15 µm, subcylindrical-clavate, eight
spored. Paraphyses cylindrical, some forked,
thickened at the apex (Figure 3b).
Ascospores 80-130 × 2.5-3.5 µm, filiform to
needle-shaped, smooth, septate, slightly
curved (Figure 3c). Cyclaneusma niveum
48
Kastamonu Uni., Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018, 18 (1): 46-52
Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty
Kaya et al.
Gaziantep: Şehitkamil, Dülükbaba city park,
pine forest, on dead Pinus brutia L. needles,
37°07′N-37°19′E, 1110 m, 06.12.2014, K.
10934.
grows on needles of Pinus nigra Arnold, P.
halepensis Miller and P. pinaster Aiton
(Gadgil, 1984).
Specimen
examined:
TURKEY
—
Figure 2. Lachnum fuscescens: a. ascocarps, b. asci and paraphyses, c. hairs, d. ascospores
Orbiliales Baral, O.E. Erikss.
Orbiliaceae Nannf.
Hyalorbilia inflatula (P.Karst.) Baral &
G.Marson (2001).
Syn: Calloria inflatula (P.Karst.) W.Phillips,
Hyalinia inflatula (P.Karst.) Boud., Orbilia
inflatula (P.Karst.) P.Karst., Orbilia inflatula
(P.Karst.) P.Karst., var. inflatula, Orbilia
inflatula var. lonicerae Rehm, Peziza
inflatula P.Karst.
Macroscopic and microscopic features:
Apothecia 1-3 mm in diameter, cupulate, disc
to plate-shaped, sessile or short stipitate,
water-whitish, translucent, hymenial surface
smooth (Figure 4a). Asci 23-26 x 3.5-4 μm,
cylindrical, truncate, rounded at the apex,
eight spored (Figure 4b). Paraphyses
cylindrical, hyaline. Ascospores 4-7 × 0.81.2 µm, cylindric to fusiform, straight or
slightly curved, hyaline (Figure 4c).
Hyalorbilia inflatula grows on rotten wood
and bark of woody plants (Liu et al., 2006).
Figure 3. Cyclaneusma niveum: a. ascocarps, b. asci and paraphyses, c. ascospores.
49
Kastamonu Uni., Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018, 18 (1): 46-52
Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty
Kaya et al.
Figure 4. Hyalorbilia inflatula: a. ascocarps, b. asci and paraphyses, c. ascospores.
Specimen
examined:
TURKEY
—
Gaziantep: İslahiye, Tandır village, Huzurlu
high plateau, mixed forest, on Quercus L. sp.
twigs,
36°57′N-36°30′E,
1140
m,
01.11.2014, K.10385.
Peredo & Minter, Hyalorbilia inflatula (P.
Karst.) Baral & G.Marson and Orbilia
aristata (Velen.) Velen., belonging to the
families
Helotiaceae,
Lachnaceae,
Marthamycetaceae and Orbiliaceae within
the orders Helotiales and Orbiliales, were
given as new records for the mycobiota of
Turkey. Among them, Hyalorbilia inflatula
is the first member of the genus Hyalorbilia
Baral & G. in Turkey.
With the addition of three helotioid and
two orbilioid records, current species number
of
Helotiaceae,
Lachnaceae,
Marthamycetaceae
(Helotiales)
and
Orbiliaceae (Orbiliales) in Turkey increased
to 19, 12, 2 and 7 respectively.
Although the color of Bisporella sulfurina
is quite characteristic, it is easy to confuse it
with B. citrina (Batsch) Korf & S.E. Carp. or
some yellow members of Hymenoscyphus
Gray, but B. citrina has larger apothecia and
the members of Hymenoscyphus differs with
distinct stipes.
Though Cyclaneusma niveum is similar to
Cyclaneusma minus (Butin) DiCosmo,
Peredo & Minter, it has has larger ascomata,
asci and ascospores than C. minus (Ivanová,
2015).
Orbilia aristata is similar to O.
brevicauda Y.Zhang, Baral & K.Q.Zhang in
spore shape, but differs from O. brevicauda
with larger ascospores.
Orbilia aristata (Velen.) Velen. (1947).
Syn: Orbilia occulta var. aristata Velen.
Macroscopic and microscopic features:
Apothecia 0.5-1.5 mm in diameter, disc
shaped, sessile, centrally attached to the
substrate, dark yellow, orange to orange
brown, margin crenulate, hymenial surface
smooth (Figure 5a). Asci 45-55 × 6-8 µm,
cylindrical to clavate, eight spored.
Paraphyses cylindrical, distinctly enlarged at
the apex (Figure 5b). Ascospores 16-22 ×
2.2-3.6 µm, composed of a head and a tail,
head ellipsoid-naviculiform, tail cylindrical,
some slightly bulbous at the end (Figure 5c).
Orbilia aristata grows on bark of woody
plants.
Specimen
examined:
TURKEY
—
Gaziantep: Nurdağı, Belpınar village, on
bark of dead Pinus brutia L. twigs, 37°12′N36°46′E, 540 m, 09.03.2014, K.8596.
Discussion
With this study, five new fungi species,
Bisporella sulfurina (Quél.) S.E.Carp.,
Lachnum
fuscescens
(Pers.)
P.Karst.
Cyclaneusma niveum (Pers.) DiCosmo,
50
Kastamonu Uni., Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018, 18 (1): 46-52
Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty
Kaya et al.
Figure 5. Orbilia aristata: a. ascocarps, b. asci and paraphyses, c. ascospores.
Akata, I., Uzun, Y., Kaya, A. (2016b).
Macrofungal
diversity
of
Zigana
Mountain
(Gümüşhane/Turkey).
Biological Diversity and Conservation,
9(2), 57-69.
Akçay, M.E, Uzun, Y. (2016). Belonidium
mollissimum (Lachnaceae): A New
Record for The Mycota of Turkey. The
Journal of Fungus, 7(2), 118-121.
Breitenbach, J., Kränzlin, F. (1984). Fungi of
Switzerland, Vol. 1. Lucerne, Verlag
Mykologia.
Cannon, P.F., Kirk, P.M. (2007). Fungal
Families of the World. Wallingford, UK:
CAB International.
DiCosmo, F., Peredo, H., Minter, D.W.
(1983).
Cyclaneusma
gen.
Nov.,
Naemacyclus
and
Lasiostictis,
a
nomenclatural
problem
resolved.
European Journal of Forest Pathology,
13(4), 206-212.
Doğan, H.H., Kurt, F. (2016). New
macrofungi records from Turkey and
macrofungal diversity of Pozantı-Adana.
Turkish Journal of Botany, 40(2), 209217.
Gadgil,
P.D.
(1984).
Cyclaneusma
(Naemacyclus) Needle-Cast Of Pinus
radiata in New Zealand 1: Biology Of
Cyclaneusma minus. New Zealand
Journal of Forestry Science, 14(2), 17996.
Guo, J., Li, S., Yang, L., Yang, J., Ye, T.,
Yang, L. (2014). New records and new
Acknowledgement
The authors would like to thank
TÜBİTAK for supporting the project
(212T112) financially.
References
Akata, I., Kaya, A. (2010). A New Jelly
Ascomycetous Genus Record for Turkish
Mycobiota. SDU Journal of Science, 5(1),
1-4.
Akata, I., Kaya, A. (2012). Two New
Additions to Turkish Ascomycota.
International Journal of Botany, 8(2), 7981.
Akata, I., Kaya, A. (2013). Two earth-tongue
genera new for Turkey. Mycotaxon, 125,
87-90.
Akata, I., Kaya, A., Uzun, Y. (2014a). Two
New Lachnum Records for Turkish
Mycobiota. Journal of Applied Biological
Sciences, 8(1), 28-30.
Akata, I., Kaya, A., Uzun, Y. (2014b).
Macromycetes determined in Yomra
(Trabzon) district. Turkish Journal of
Botany, 38(5), 999-1012.
Akata, I., Doğan, H.H. (2015). Orbiliaceae
For Turkish Ascomycota: Three New
Records. Bangladesh Journal of Botany,
44(1), 91-95.
Akata, I., Kaya, A., Uzun, Y. (2016a). Two
New Genus Records for Turkish
Helotiales. Kastamonu University Journal
of Forestry Faculty, 16(1), 131-134.
51
Kastamonu Uni., Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018, 18 (1): 46-52
Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty
distribution of known species in the
family Orbiliaceae from China. African
Journal of Microbiology Research, 8(34),
3178-3190.
Güngör, H., Şen, İ., Allı, H., Solak, M.H.
(2015a). Two new Ascomycete records
for Turkish Mycota. Biological Diversity
and Conservation, 8(1), 19-21.
Güngör,
H.,
Çolak,
Ö.F.,
Güngör
Yaratanakul, M., Solak, M.H. (2015b).
New Ascomycete (Geoglossum umbratile,
Peziza lobulata) records for Turkey.
Biological Diversity and Conservation,
8(2), 1-3.
Hou, C.L., Gao, J., Piepenbring, M. (2006).
Four rhytismataceous ascomycetes on
needles of pine from China. Nova
Hedwigia, 83(3-4), 511-522.
Hubregtse, J. (2017). Fungi In Australia,
Rev. 2.0, E-published by the Field
Naturalists Club of Victoria Inc.,
Blackburn, Victoria, Australia.
Index
Fungorum.
(2016).
http://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/N
ames.asp. Accessed 20 December 2016.
Ivanová, H.Ç. (2015). Fungi associated with
a decline of Pinus nigra in urban greenery.
Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica, 18(2),
36-43.
Kaya, A. (2009). Macromycetes of
Kahramanmaraş
Province
(Turkey).
Mycotaxon, 108, 31-34.
Kirk, P.M., Cannon, P.F., Minter, D.W.,
Stalpers, J.A. (2008). Dictionary of the
fungi, 10th ed. CAB International, 771 p.,
Wallingford, UK.
Liu, B., Liu, X.Z., Zhuang, W.Y., Baral,
H.O. (2006). Orbiliaceous fungi from
Tibet, China. Fungal Diversity, 22, 107120.
Medel, R., Moreles, O., Moral, R.C, Cáceres
R. (2013). New ascomycete records from
Guatemala. Mycotaxon, 124, 73-85.
Sesli, E., Denchev, C.M. (2008). Checklists
of the myxomycetes, larger ascomycetes,
and larger basidiomycetes in Turkey.
Mycotaxon, 106: 65–67. + [complete
version, 1-136, new version uploaded in
February 2014].
Quijada, L., Baral, H.O., Tejera, E.B. (2015).
Diversity of Hyalorbilia (Orbiliales) in the
Kaya et al.
Macaronesian Region. Nova Hedwigia,
100(1-2), 1-14.
Öztürk, Ö., Doğan, H.H., Şanda, M.A.
(2016). Some new additions to Turkish
mycobiota
from
Sakarya
region.
Biological Diversity and Conservation,
9(1), 97-100.
Uzun, Y., Acar, İ., Akçay, M.E., Akata, I.,
(2014). Additions to the Turkish
Discomycetes. Turkish Journal of Botany,
38(3), 617-622.
Uzun, Y., Kaya, A., Karacan, İ.H., Kaya,
Ö.F., Yakar, S. (2015a). Neobulgaria
Petr. and Trichopeziza Fuckel, Two New
Genus Record for Turkish Lachnaceae.
The Journal of Fungus, 6(2), 58-61.
Uzun, Y., Kaya, A., Karacan, İ.H., Kaya,
Ö.F., Yakar, S. (2015b). Macromycetes
determined
in
Islahiye
(Gaziantep/Turkey) district. Biological
Diversity and Conservation, 8(3), 209217.
Uzun, Y., Kaya, A., Karacan, İ.H., Yakar, S.
(2017a). New Additions to Turkish
Hyaloscyphaceae. The Journal of Fungus,
8(1), 13-19.
Uzun, Y., Acar, İ., Akçay, M.E., Kaya, A.
(2017b). Contributions to the macrofungi
of Bingöl, Turkey. Turkish Journal of
Botany, 41(5), 516-534.
Wang, Y.Z. (2005). Three discomycetes
(Helotiaceae) new to Taiwan. Fungal
Science, 20 (1, 2), 41-45.
Zhang, Y., Yu, Z.F., Baral, H.O., Mo, M.H.,
Zhang, K.Q. (2009). New species and
new Chinese records of the genus Orbilia
(Orbiliaceae, Ascomycota) from Yunnan,
China. Fungal Diversity, 36, 141-153.
52