Persoonia 46, 2021: 313 – 528
www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj
RESEARCH ARTICLE
ISSN (Online) 1878-9080
https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.11
Fungal Planet description sheets: 1182 – 1283
P.W. Crous1,2, D.A. Cowan3, G. Maggs-Kölling4, N. Yilmaz2, R. Thangavel5, M.J. Wingfield2,
M.E. Noordeloos6, B. Dima7, T.E. Brandrud8, G.M. Jansen9, O.V. Morozova10, J. Vila11,
R.G. Shivas12, Y.P. Tan13, S. Bishop-Hurley13, E. Lacey14, T.S. Marney13, E. Larsson15,
G. Le Floch16, L. Lombard1, P. Nodet16, V. Hubka17,18, P. Alvarado19, A. Berraf-Tebbal20,
J.D. Reyes21, G. Delgado22, A. Eichmeier20, J.B. Jordal23, A.V. Kachalkin24,25, A. Kubátová17,
J.G. Maciá-Vicente26, E.F. Malysheva10, V. Papp27, K.C. Rajeshkumar28, A. Sharma12,
A. Sharma12, M. Spetik20, D. Szabóová29, M.A. Tomashevskaya25, J.A. Abad30, Z.G. Abad30,
A.V. Alexandrova24, 31, G. Anand32, F. Arenas33, N. Ashtekar28, S. Balashov34, Á. Bañares35,
R. Baroncelli36, I. Bera37, A.Yu. Biketova38, C.L. Blomquist39, T. Boekhout1, D. Boertmann40,
T.M. Bulyonkova41, T.I. Burgess42, A.J. Carnegie43, J.F. Cobo-Diaz16, G. Corriol44,
J.H. Cunnington45, M.O. da Cruz46, U. Damm47, N. Davoodian48, A.L.C.M. de A. Santiago46,
J. Dearnaley12, L.W.S. de Freitas46, K. Dhileepan49, R. Dimitrov50, S. Di Piazza51, S. Fatima28,
F. Fuljer52, H. Galera53, A. Ghosh54, A. Giraldo55, A.M. Glushakova24,56, M. Gorczak57,58,
D.E. Gouliamova50, D. Gramaje59, M. Groenewald1, C.K. Gunsch60, A. Gutiérrez33,
D. Holdom49, J. Houbraken1, A.B. Ismailov61, Ł. Istel1,57, T. Iturriaga62, M. Jeppson15,
Ž. Jurjević34, L.B. Kalinina10, V.I. Kapitonov63, I. Kautmanová29, A.N. Khalid64, M. Kiran64,
L. Kiss12, Á. Kovács38, D. Kurose65, I. Kušan66, S. Lad28, T. Læssøe67, H.B. Lee68,
J.J. Luangsa-ard69, M. Lynch12, A.E. Mahamedi70, V.F. Malysheva10, A. Mateos71,
N. Matočec66, A. Mešić66, A.N. Miller72, S. Mongkolsamrit69, G. Moreno73, A. Morte33,
R. Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa74, A. Naseer64, A. Navarro-Ródenas33, T.T.T. Nguyen68,
W. Noisripoom69, J.E. Ntandu75, J. Nuytinck6,76, V. Ostrý77, T.A. Pankratov78, J. Pawłowska57,
J. Pecenka20, T.H.G. Pham31, A. Polhorský79, A. Pošta66, D.B. Raudabaugh60, K. Reschke80,
A. Rodríguez33, M. Romero81, S. Rooney-Latham39, J. Roux82, M. Sandoval-Denis1,
M.Th. Smith1, T.V. Steinrucken83, T.Y. Svetasheva84, Z. Tkalčec66, E.J. van der Linde85,
M. v.d. Vegte86, J. Vauras87, A. Verbeken76, C.M. Visagie2, J.S. Vitelli49, S.V. Volobuev10,
A. Weill88, M. Wrzosek58, I.V. Zmitrovich10, E.A. Zvyagina24, J.Z. Groenewald1
Key words
ITS nrDNA barcodes
LSU
new taxa
systematics
Abstract Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Algeria,
Phaeoacremonium adelophialidum from Vitis vinifera. Antarctica, Comoclathris antarctica from soil. Australia,
Coniochaeta salicifolia as endophyte from healthy leaves of Geijera salicifolia, Eremothecium peggii in fruit of Citrus
australis, Microdochium ratticaudae from stem of Sporobolus natalensis, Neocelosporium corymbiae on stems of
Corymbia variegata, Phytophthora kelmanii from rhizosphere soil of Ptilotus pyramidatus, Pseudosydowia backhousiae on living leaves of Backhousia citriodora, Pseudosydowia indooroopillyensis, Pseudosydowia louisecottisiae
and Pseudosydowia queenslandica on living leaves of Eucalyptus sp. Brazil, Absidia montepascoalis from soil.
Chile, Ilyonectria zarorii from soil under Maytenus boaria. Costa Rica, Colletotrichum filicis from an unidentified
fern. Croatia, Mollisia endogranulata on deteriorated hardwood. Czech Republic, Arcopilus navicularis from tea bag
with fruit tea, Neosetophoma buxi as endophyte from Buxus sempervirens, Xerochrysium bohemicum on surface
of biscuits with chocolate glaze and filled with jam. France, Entoloma cyaneobasale on basic to calcareous soil,
Fusarium aconidiale from Triticum aestivum, Fusarium juglandicola from buds of Juglans regia. Germany, Tetraploa
endophytica as endophyte from Microthlaspi perfoliatum roots. India, Castanediella ambae on leaves of Mangifera
indica, Lactifluus kanadii on soil under Castanopsis sp., Penicillium uttarakhandense from soil. Italy, Penicillium ferraniaense from compost. Namibia, Bezerromyces gobabebensis on leaves of unidentified succulent, Cladosporium
stipagrostidicola on leaves of Stipagrostis sp., Cymostachys euphorbiae on leaves of Euphorbia sp., Deniquelata
hypolithi from hypolith under a rock, Hysterobrevium walvisbayicola on leaves of unidentified tree, Knufia hypolithi
and Knufia walvisbayicola from hypolith under a rock, Lapidomyces stipagrostidicola on leaves of Stipagrostis sp.,
Nothophaeotheca mirabibensis (incl. Nothophaeotheca gen. nov.) on persistent inflorescence remains of Blepharis
obmitrata, Paramyrothecium salvadorae on twigs of Salvadora persica, Preussia procaviicola on dung of Procavia
sp., Sordaria equicola on zebra dung, Volutella salvadorae on stems of Salvadora persica. Netherlands, Entoloma ammophilum on sandy soil, Entoloma pseudocruentatum on nutrient poor (acid) soil, Entoloma pudens on
plant debris, amongst grasses. New Zealand, Amorocoelophoma neoregeliae from leaf spots of Neoregelia sp.,
Aquilomyces metrosideri and Septoriella callistemonis from stem discolouration and leaf spots of Metrosideros
sp., Cadophora neoregeliae from leaf spots of Neoregelia sp., Flexuomyces asteliae (incl. Flexuomyces gen. nov.)
and Mollisia asteliae from leaf spots of Astelia chathamica, Ophioceras freycinetiae from leaf spots of Freycinetia
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
You are free to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work, under the following conditions:
Attribution:
You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work).
Non-commercial:
You may not use this work for commercial purposes.
No derivative works: You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work.
For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work, which can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode. Any of the above conditions can be
waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. Nothing in this license impairs or restricts the author’s moral rights.
314
Abstract (cont.)
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
banksii, Phaeosphaeria caricis-sectae from leaf spots of Carex secta. Norway, Cuphophyllus flavipesoides on soil
in semi-natural grassland, Entoloma coracis on soil in calcareous Pinus and Tilia forests, Entoloma cyaneolilacinum
on soil semi-natural grasslands, Inocybe norvegica on gravelly soil. Pakistan, Butyriboletus parachinarensis on
soil in association with Quercus baloot. Poland, Hyalodendriella bialowiezensis on debris beneath fallen bark of
Norway spruce Picea abies. Russia, Bolbitius sibiricus on а moss covered rotting trunk of Populus tremula, Crepidotus wasseri on debris of Populus tremula, Entoloma isborscanum on soil on calcareous grasslands, Entoloma
subcoracis on soil in subalpine grasslands, Hydropus lecythiocystis on rotted wood of Betula pendula, Meruliopsis
faginea on fallen dead branches of Fagus orientalis, Metschnikowia taurica from fruits of Ziziphus jujube, Suillus
praetermissus on soil, Teunia lichenophila as endophyte from Cladonia rangiferina. Slovakia, Hygrocybe fulgens
on mowed grassland, Pleuroflammula pannonica from corticated branches of Quercus sp. South Africa, Acrodontium burrowsianum on leaves of unidentified Poaceae, Castanediella senegaliae on dead pods of Senegalia
ataxacantha, Cladophialophora behniae on leaves of Behnia sp., Colletotrichum cliviigenum on leaves of Clivia
sp., Diatrype dalbergiae on bark of Dalbergia armata, Falcocladium heteropyxidicola on leaves of Heteropyxis
canescens, Lapidomyces aloidendricola as epiphyte on brown stem of Aloidendron dichotomum, Lasionectria
sansevieriae and Phaeosphaeriopsis sansevieriae on leaves of Sansevieria hyacinthoides, Lylea dalbergiae on
Diatrype dalbergiae on bark of Dalbergia armata, Neochaetothyrina syzygii (incl. Neochaetothyrina gen. nov.) on
leaves of Syzygium chordatum, Nothophaeomoniella ekebergiae (incl. Nothophaeomoniella gen. nov.) on leaves of
Ekebergia pterophylla, Paracymostachys euphorbiae (incl. Paracymostachys gen. nov.) on leaf litter of Euphorbia
ingens, Paramycosphaerella pterocarpi on leaves of Pterocarpus angolensis, Paramycosphaerella syzygii on leaf
litter of Syzygium chordatum, Parateichospora phoenicicola (incl. Parateichospora gen. nov.) on leaves of Phoenix
reclinata, Seiridium syzygii on twigs of Syzygium chordatum, Setophoma syzygii on leaves of Syzygium sp., Starmerella xylocopis from larval feed of an Afrotropical bee Xylocopa caffra, Teratosphaeria combreti on leaf litter of
Combretum kraussii, Teratosphaericola leucadendri on leaves of Leucadendron sp., Toxicocladosporium pterocarpi
on pods of Pterocarpus angolensis. Spain, Cortinarius bonachei with Quercus ilex in calcareus soils, Cortinarius
brunneovolvatus under Quercus ilex subsp. ballota in calcareous soil, Extremopsis radicicola (incl. Extremopsis
gen. nov.) from root-associated soil in a wet heathland, Russula quintanensis on acidic soils, Tubaria vulcanica on
volcanic lapilii material, Tuber zambonelliae in calcareus soil. Sweden, Elaphomyces borealis on soil under Pinus
sylvestris and Betula pubescens. Tanzania, Curvularia tanzanica on inflorescence of Cyperus aromaticus. Thailand,
Simplicillium niveum on Ophiocordyceps camponoti-leonardi on underside of unidentified dicotyledonous leaf. USA,
Calonectria californiensis on leaves of Umbellularia californica, Exophiala spartinae from surface sterilised roots of
Spartina alterniflora, Neophaeococcomyces oklahomaensis from outside wall of alcohol distillery. Vietnam, Fistulinella
aurantioflava on soil. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
Citation: Crous PW, Cowan DA, Maggs-Kölling, et al. 2021. Fungal Planet description sheets: 1182 –1283. Persoonia 46: 313 – 528.
https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.11.
Effectively published online: 13 July 2021 [Received: 1 May 2021; Accepted: 1 June 2021].
Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht,
The Netherlands.
2
Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and
Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa.
3
Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry,
Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield
0028, Pretoria, South Africa.
4
Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, P.O. Box 953, Walvis Bay, Namibia.
5
Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries,
P.O. Box 2095, Auckland 1140, New Zealand.
6
Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
7
Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.
8
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349
Oslo, Norway.
9
6703 JC Wageningen, The Netherlands.
10
Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Prof.
Popov Str., 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
11
Passatge del Torn, 4, 17800 Olot, Spain.
12
Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Australia.
13
Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and
Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia.
14
Microbial Screening Technologies, 28 Percival Rd, Smithfield, NSW 2164,
Australia.
15
Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, and
Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461, SE40530 Göteborg,
Sweden.
16
Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversite et Ecologie Microbienne, ESIAB,
Univ Brest, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
17
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská
2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
18
Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology
of the CAS, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
1
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
ALVALAB, Dr. Fernando Bongera st., Severo Ochoa bldg. S1.04, 33006
Oviedo, Spain.
Mendeleum – Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valtická
334, Lednice, 69144, Czech Republic.
Paseo Virgen de Linarejos 6 2ºD, 23700 Linares (Jaén), Spain.
Eurofins EMLab P&K Houston, 10900 Brittmoore Park Dr. Suite G, Houston, TX 77041, USA.
Miljøfaglig Utredning, Gunnars veg 10, NO 6630 Tingvoll, Norway.
Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Leninskie Gory
Str. 1/12, Russia.
All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms RAS, 142290, Pushchino,
pr. Nauki 5, Russia.
Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Botany, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 44, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), MACS Agharkar
Research Institute, GG Agharkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra State 411004,
India.
Slovak National Museum-Natural History Museum, Vajanského nab. 2,
P.O. Box 13, 81006 Bratislava, Slovakia.
USDA-APHIS-PPQ-Preclerance and Offshore Programs, River Rd., MD
20737, USA.
Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center,
63 Str. Nguyen Van Huyen, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología,
Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077 USA.
Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad
de La Laguna. Apdo. 456, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias,
Spain.
Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of
Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, P.O. - Botanic
Garden, Howrah - 711103, India.
315
Fungal Planet description sheets
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Eötvös Lóránd
Research Network, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Health and Pest
Prevention Services, Plant Pest Diagnostics Lab, 3294 Meadowview
Road, Sacramento, CA 95832-1448, USA.
Department of Arctic Environment, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej
399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
A.P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems of the Siberian Branch of the
Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
Phytophthora Science and Management, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch
University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
Forest Health, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 30, 12 Darcy
St, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia.
National Botanical Conservatory of the Pyrenees and Midi-Pyrénées,
Vallon de Salut, BP 70315, 65203 Bagnères-de-Bigorre, France.
Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Canberra 2600,
Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal
de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, PF 300 154, 02806
Görlitz, Germany.
Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Avenue, Melbourne, Victoria
3004, Australia.
Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton
Park 4102, Queensland, Australia.
The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of
Sciences, 26 Acad. Georgi Bonchev, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
University of Genoa, Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Science,
Laboratory of Mycology, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
Petrovice 608, 01353 Petrovice, Slovakia.
Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and
Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki i Wigury 101,
02-89 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Botany & Microbiology, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar,
Garhwal - 246174, Uttarakhand, India.
Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA
Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064, Moscow,
Maly Kazenny by-street, 5A, Russia.
Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw,
Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
Botanic Garden, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Al. Ujazdowskie
4, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland.
Institute of Grapevine and Wine Sciences (ICVV), Finca La Grajera Autovía
del Camino de Santiago LO-20, Salida 13, 26007, Logroño, Spain.
Duke University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; 121
Hudson Hall, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, USA.
Mountain Botanical Garden, Dagestan Federal Scientific Centre of
the Russian Academy of Sciences, 45, M. Gadjieva street, 367000
Makhachkala, Russia.
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York,
14850, USA.
Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station of the Ural Branch of the Russian
Academy of Sciences, 626152 Tobolsk, Russia.
Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam
Campus-54590, Lahore, Pakistan.
CABI-UK, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, UK.
Laboratory for Biological Diversity, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička
cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Natural History Museum of Denmark, Department of Biology, University
of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark.
Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological
Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National
University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team, National Center for Genetic
Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park,
Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120,
Thailand.
Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale
Supérieure de Kouba, B.P 92 16308 Vieux-Kouba, Alger, Algeria.
Sociedad Micológica Extremeña, C/ Sagitario 14, 10001 Cáceres, Spain.
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey,
1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA.
Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Unidad Docente de Botánica),
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, E–28805 Alcalá de Henares,
Madrid, Spain.
Department of Plant Protection, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
National Herbarium of Tanzania, Arusha, Tanzania.
Department of Biology, Research group Mycology, Ghent University, K.L.
Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Centre for Health, Nutrition and Food, National Institute of Public Health
in Prague, Palackého 3a, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
S.N. Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Moscow, pr.
60-letiya Oktyabrya 7/2, Russia.
Pezinská 14, 90301 Senec, Slovakia.
Mycology Research Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue Straße 13, 60438 Frankfurt am
Main, Germany.
C/ Don Juan de las Máquinas 5, 06450 Quintana de la Serena, Spain.
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural
Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural
Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria,
South Africa.
CSIRO, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia.
Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University, Tula, Russia.
Plant Microbiology, ARC-Plant Health Protection, Private Bag X134,
Queenswood 0121, Pretoria, South Africa.
7041JN 's Heerenberg, The Netherlands.
Biological Collections of Åbo Akademi University, Herbarium, FI-20014
University of Turku, Finland.
UBOCC, ESIAB, Univ. Brest, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
316
Acknowledgements Leslie W.S. de Freitas and colleagues express their
gratitude to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
(CNPq) for scholarships provided to Leslie Freitas and for the research grant
provided to André Luiz Santiago; their contribution was financed by the
projects ‘Diversity of Mucoromycotina in the different ecosystems of the
Atlantic Rainforest of Pernambuco’ (FACEPE–First Projects Program PPP/
FACEPE/CNPq–APQ–0842-2.12/14) and ‘Biology of conservation of fungi
s.l. in areas of Atlantic Forest of Northeast Brazil’ (CNPq/ICMBio 421241/
2017-9) H.B. Lee was supported by the Graduate Program for the Undiscovered Taxa of Korea (NIBR202130202). The study of O.V. Morozova, E.F.
Malysheva, V.F. Malysheva, I.V. Zmitrovich, and L.B. Kalinina was carried
out within the framework of a research project of the Komarov Botanical
Institute RAS (АААА-А19-119020890079-6) using equipment of its Core
Facility Centre ‘Cell and Molecular Technologies in Plant Science’. The work
of O. V. Morozova, L.B. Kalinina, T. Yu. Svetasheva, and E.A. Zvyagina was
financially supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research project no.
20-04-00349. E.A. Zvyagina and T.Yu. Svetasheva are grateful to A.V. Alexandrova, A.E. Kovalenko, A.S. Baykalova for the loan of specimens, T.Y.
James, E.F. Malysheva and V.F. Malysheva for sequencing. J.D. Reyes
acknowledges B. Dima for comparing the holotype sequence of Cortinarius
bonachei with the sequences in his database. A. Mateos and J.D. Reyes
acknowledge L. Quijada for reviewing the phylogeny and S. de la PeñaLastra and P. Alvarado for their support and help. Vladimir I. Kapitonov and
colleagues are grateful to Brigitta Kiss for help with their molecular studies.
This study was conducted under research projects of the Tobolsk Complex
Scientific Station of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
(N АААА-А19-119011190112-5). E. Larsson acknowledges the Swedish
Taxonomy Initiative, SLU Artdatabanken, Uppsala (dha.2019.4.3-13). The
study of D.B. Raudabaugh and colleagues was supported by the Schmidt
Science Fellows, in partnership with the Rhodes Trust. Gregorio Delgado is
grateful to Michael Manning and Kamash Pillai (Eurofins EMLab P&K) for
provision of laboratory facilities. Jose G. Maciá-Vicente acknowledges support from the German Research Foundation under grant MA7171/1-1, and
from the Landes-Offensive zur Entwicklung Wissenschaftlich-ökonomischer
Exzellenz (LOEWE) of the state of Hesse within the framework of the Cluster for Integrative Fungal Research (IPF). Thanks are also due to the authorities of the Cabañeros National Park and Los Alcornocales Natural Park
for granting the collection permit and for support during field work. The study
of Alina V. Alexandrova was carried out as part of the Scientific Project of
the State Order of the Government of Russian Federation to Lomonosov
Moscow State University No. 121032300081-7. Michał Gorczak was
financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education through
the Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw intramural grant DSM 011760013. M. Gorczak acknowledges M. Klemens for sharing a photo of the
Białowieża Forest logging site and M. Senderowicz for help with preparing
the illustration. Ivona Kautmanová and D. Szabóová were funded by the
Operational Program of Research and Development and co-financed with
the European Fund for Regional Development (EFRD). ITMS 26230120004:
‘Building of research and development infrastructure for investigation of
genetic biodiversity of organisms and joining IBOL initiative’. Ishika Bera,
Aniket Ghosh, Jorinde Nuytinck and Annemieke Verbeken are grateful to the
Director, Botanical Survey of India (Kolkata), Head of the Department of
Botany & Microbiology & USIC Dept. HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar,
Garhwal for providing research facilities. Ishika Bera and Aniket Ghosh acknowledge the staff of the forest department of Arunachal Pradesh for facilitating the macrofungal surveys to the restricted areas. Sergey Volobuev
was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF project N 19-7700085). Aleksey V. Kachalkin and colleagues were supported by the Russian
Science Foundation (grant No. 19-74-10002). The study of Anna M.
Glushakova was carried out as part of the Scientific Project of the State
Order of the Government of Russian Federation to Lomonosov Moscow
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
State University No. 121040800174-6. Tracey V. Steinrucken and colleagues
were supported by AgriFutures Australia (Rural Industries Research and
Development Corporation), through funding from the Australian Government
Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, as part of its Rural
Research and Development for Profit program (PRJ-010527). Neven Matočec
and colleagues thank the Croatian Science Foundation for their financial
support under the project grant HRZZ-IP-2018-01-1736 (ForFungiDNA). Ana
Pošta thanks the Croatian Science Foundation for their support under the
grant HRZZ-2018-09-7081. The research of Milan Spetik and co-authors
was supported by Internal Grant of Mendel University in Brno No. IGAZF/2021-SI1003. K.C. Rajeshkumar thanks SERB, the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for providing financial support
under the project CRG/2020/000668 and the Director, Agharkar Research
Institute for providing research facilities. Nikhil Ashtekar thanks CSIR-HRDG,
INDIA, for financial support under the SRF fellowship (09/670(0090)/2020-EMRI), and acknowledges the support of the DIC Microscopy Facility, established
by Dr Karthick Balasubramanian, B&P (Plants) Group, ARI, Pune. The research of Alla Eddine Mahamedi and co-authors was supported by project
No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_017/0002334, Czech Republic. Tereza Tejklová
is thanked for providing useful literature. A. Polhorský and colleagues were
supported by the Operational Program of Research and Development and
co-financed with the European fund for Regional Development (EFRD), ITMS
26230120004: Building of research and development infrastructure for investigation of genetic biodiversity of organisms and joining IBOL initiative.
Yu Pei Tan and colleagues thank R. Chen for her technical support. Ernest
Lacey thanks the Cooperative Research Centres Projects scheme (CRCPFIVE000119) for its support. Suchada Mongkolsamrit and colleagues were
financially supported by the Platform Technology Management Section,
National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC),
Project Grant No. P19-50231. Dilnora Gouliamova and colleagues were
supported by a grant from the Bulgarian Science Fund (KP-06-H31/19). The
research of Timofey A. Pankratov was supported by the Russian Foundation
for Basic Research (grant No. 19-04-00297a). Gabriel Moreno and colleagues
wish to express their gratitude to L. Monje and A. Pueblas of the Department
of Drawing and Scientific Photography at the University of Alcalá for their
help in the digital preparation of the photographs, and to J. Rejos, curator of
the AH herbarium, for his assistance with the specimens examined in the
present study. Vit Hubka was supported by the Charles University Research
Centre program No. 204069. Alena Kubátová was supported by The National Programme on Conservation and Utilization of Microbial Genetic
Resources Important for Agriculture (Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech
Republic). The Kits van Waveren Foundation (Rijksherbariumfonds Dr E. Kits
van Waveren, Leiden, Netherlands) contributed substantially to the costs of
sequencing and travelling expenses for M. Noordeloos. The work of B. Dima
was supported by the ÚNKP-20-4 New National Excellence Program of the
Ministry for Innovation and Technology from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, and by the ELTE Thematic Excellence Programme 2020 supported by the National Research, Development
and Innovation Office of Hungary (TKP2020-IKA-05). The Norwegian Entoloma studies received funding from the Norwegian Biodiversity Information
Centre (NBIC), and the material was partly sequenced through NorBOL.
Gunnhild Marthinsen and Katriina Bendiksen (Natural History Museum,
University of Oslo, Norway) are acknowledged for performing the main parts
of the Entoloma barcoding work. Asunción Morte is grateful to AEI/FEDER,
UE (CGL2016-78946-R) and Fundación Séneca - Agencia de Ciencia y
Tecnología de la Región de Murcia (20866/PI/18) for financial support.
Vladimír Ostrý was supported by the Ministry of Health, Czech Republic conceptual development of research organization (National Institute of
Public Health – NIPH, IN 75010330). Konstanze Bensch (Westerdijk Fungal
Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht) is thanked for correcting the spelling of various
Latin epithets.
317
Cystobasidiomycetes
Agaricomycetes
Polyporales
Russulales
Backusella lamprospora CBS 107.09 MH866118.1
Cystobasidium benthicum CBS 12080 KY107428.1
Cystobasidium pallidum CBS 320 NG_059006.1
Cystobasidium laryngis CBML 151a MH047192.1
0.95
Cystobasidium pinicola CBS 9130 NG_066178.1
Cystobasidiaceae
Cystobasidium calyptogenae CBS 11058 KY107431.1
NG_059005.1
Cystobasidium minutum CBS 319
0.98
Cystobasidium minutum CBS 8019 KY107440.1
Cystobasidium slooffiae CBS 5706 NG_059008.1
Ceriporia albomellea Dai 15205 KX494578.1
0.95
Meruliopsis taxicola Kuljok 00/75(GB)EU118648.1
Meruliopsis parvispora TNM:Wu 1209-58 LC427039.1
Irpicaceae
0.93
Meruliopsis pseudocystidiata TNM:Wu 1507-25 LC427036.1
Meruliopsis faginea sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1258
0.96
Meruliopsis leptocystidiata TNM:Wu 1708-43 LC427033.1
Trametes hirsuta CBS 248.30 MH866579.1
Trametes menziesii Dai 6782 KC848374.1
Trametes tephroleuca Cui7987 KC848378.1
Trametes villosa CBS 334.49 MH868069.1
Trametes conchifer FP106793sp JN164797.1
0.94
0.93
Trametes junipericola 145295(O)KC017763.1
Polyporaceae
Trametes suaveolens Cui10697 KC848365.1
0.95
Trametes thujae Cui10699 KC848372.1
Trametes ochracea CBS 289.33 MH866894.1
Trametes pubescens CBS 367.34 MH867075.1
Trametes versicolor CBS 295.33 MH866899.1
Lactifluus aff. piperatus H.T. Le 198 KF220194.1
0.95
Lactifluus piperatus J. Vesteholt 96-144 KF220177.1
Lactifluus piperatus M. Lecomte 2000 10 02 09 JN388991.1
Lactifluus piperatus M. Lecomte 2000 10 07 01 KF220135.1
Lactifluus aff. piperatus H.T. Le 51 KF220175.1
IB 19-020
Lactifluus kanadii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1257
IB 19-025
Russula font-queri FH12223 KT933864.1
Russulaceae
Russula galileensis G-83(HAI)MK105716.1
Russula vidalii JC100508BT01 MK105738.1
0.95
Russula quintanensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1273
Russula laricina 575/BB 08.681 KU237560.1
0.98
Russula vinaceodora 46374 (AH)MK105740.1
Russula nauseosa FH12173 KT933846.1
Russula sichuanensis ZRL20162017 MG786572.1
Cystobasidiales
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.01
Overview Agaricomycetes phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 279 752 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (170 sequences including
outgroup; 948 aligned positions; 553 unique site patterns; 1 865 000 generations with trees sampled every 10 generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist
et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents
the expected changes per site. Families, orders and classes are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. Culture collection/voucher, GenBank
accession (in superscript) and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Backusella lamprospora (GenBank
MH866118.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The alignment and
tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
318
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
0.01
Overview Agaricomycetes phylogeny (cont.) – part 2
Boletales
Suillaceae
Agaricomycetes (continued)
Boletaceae
Hygrophoraceae
Agaricales
Suillus mediterraneensis KM169468 KU721353.1
Suillus luteus JM96.41 AY612825.1
Suillus salmonicolor BKr1029001 KX170999.1
Suillus americanus 420526MF0931 MG712382.1
Suillus sibiricus KUN-HKAS74991 KT964642.1
Suillus tridentinus CBS 439.59 MH869449.1
0.98
Suillus flavidus F1187506 KU721377.1
Suillus megaporinus UC1860326 KU721379.1
0.99
Suillus intermedius TENN:066904 KU721372.1
MW888985
MW888986
Suillus praetermissus sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1276
0.94
MW888987
MW888988
Fistulinella olivaceoalba LE 312004 NG_068853.1
LE315616
Fistulinella aurantioflava sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1251
LE315617
Fistulinella ruschii FLOR 51611 KY888006.1
Fistulinella campinaranae FLOR 51608 KY888003.1
Fistulinella gloeocarpa JBSD130769 MT580906.1
Costatisporus cyanescens Henkel 9067 LC053662.1
Rubroboletus eastwoodiae JLF4748 MH203877.1
Caloboletus peckii Mushroom Observer 246697 MH220330.1
Leccinum andinum NY-00796145 MK601758.1
Aureoboletus innixus 136 KF030240.1
Boletus
huronensis Mushroom Observer 331948 MK039108.1
0.95
Chalciporus amarellus 8434 KF030285.1
0.98
Fistulinella prunicolor REH9502 JX889648.1
0.89
Fistulinella viscida 238 AF456826.1
Butyriboletus yicibus HKAS 57503 KT002620.1
Butyriboletus roseoflavus HKAS 63593 KJ184559.1
0.99
Butyriboletus appendiculatus REH8720 KF030269.1
Butyriboletus fechtneri AT2003097 KF030270.1
“Boletus” sp. HKAS 55413 KF112338.1
Butyriboletus parachinarensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1229
Hygrocybe punicea BHS2008-21 HM026554.1
Hygrocybe substrangulata AK-26 KF381554.1
Hygrocybe andersonii UWO-F2 KT207629.2
Hygrocybe miniata f. longipes AM07 HM026546.1
0.99
Hygrocybe miniata SNMH262 MW996445.1
Hygrocybe miniata SNMH250 MW996446.1
SNMH259
Hygrocybe fulgens sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1254
SNMH394
0.90
Hygrocybe helobia AK-124 KF291183.1
Hygrocybe lepida Boertmann 2002/2 KF306334.1
Hygrocybe cantharellus AFTOL-ID 1714 DQ457675.1
Hygrocybe helobia G0262 MK278170.1
Cuphophyllus
hygrocyboides EL177-13 MN430917.1
0.87
Cuphophyllus canescens DJL 93-081505 DQ457652.1
Cuphophyllus cinerellus EL30-16 MN430913.1
Cuphophyllus flavipesMW714629.1
0.99 Cuphophyllus flavipesoides sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1237
Pachylepyrium fulvidula MICH 11636 NG_073595.1
0.97
Psilocybe mexicana CBS 138.85 MH873552.1
Psilocybe subcubensis CBS 137.85 MH873551.1
Psilocybe tampanensis Mushroom Observer 317458 MN007181.1
Phaeomarasmius erinaceellus PBM 2598 (CUW)EF537889.1
Phaeomarasmius erinaceus DAOM153741 AF261492.1
Phaeomarasmius rimulincola FO 46666 DQ071700.2
0.98
Tubaria confragosa PBM2105 AY700190.1
Tubaria serrulata PBM 2142 (WTU)DQ987906.1
0.97
Phaeomarasmius umbrinus PDD 72587 KY827261.1
0.92
Tubaria albostipitata PAM06082201 (LIP) EF051051.1
Tubaria vulcanica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1279
Strophariaceae
Tubariaceae
319
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.01
Overview Agaricomycetes phylogeny (cont.) – part 3
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Bolbitiaceae
Porotheleaceae
Psathyrellaceae
Inocybaceae
Crepidotaceae
Agaricomycetes (continued)
Entolomataceae
Agaricales (continued)
Pholiotina dasypus NL-2279 JX968269.1
Pholiotina aeruginosa WU27104 JX968364.1
Bolbitius sibiricus sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1228
Bolbitius viscosus PBM3032 (TENN)HQ840657.1
Bolbitius coprophilus NL-2640 JX968370.1
Bolbitius excoriatus LO23-10 KC456419.1
Bolbitius pallidus LE<RUS> 234343 NG_058684.1
Bolbitius bisporus LE<RUS> 303558 NG_058683.1
0.88
Bolbitius reticulatus LE<RUS> 234342 KR425562.1
Entoloma ameides G0377 MK277962.1
Entoloma glaucobasis G0333 MK277992.1
Entoloma subserrulatum TB6993 AF261291.1
Entoloma coracis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1241
Entoloma azureopallidum G0208 MK277981.1
Entoloma isborscanum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1244
Entoloma caesiellum SAAS1410 KP329588.1
Entoloma subcoracis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1247
Entoloma saponicum G1661 MK278028.1
Entoloma cyaneolilacinum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1243
Entoloma exile Lueck8 KP965791.1
Entoloma viridomarginatum G1638 MK278073.1
Entoloma fuscosquamosum G0020 MK278053.1
Entoloma erhardii LE312051 MK733924.1
Entoloma chalybaeum G0443 MK277978.1
Entoloma pseudocruentatum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1245
Entoloma ekaterinae LE312055 MK733928.1
Porotheleum fimbriatum FP102067 AF261371.1
Clitocybula abundans PBM4340 MT228846.1
Clitocybula oculus DAOM 195995 AF261367.1
Hydropus atramentosus G0356 MK278153.1
0.94
Hydropus fuliginarius DAOM196062 AF261368.1
Hydropus lecythiocystis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1253
0.98
Hydropus marginellus OSC 112834 EU852808.1
Coprinellus radians SZMC-NL-3986 JN159594.1
Coprinellus xanthothrix GLM 45906 AY207193.1
Coprinellus micaceus DM1047 MT644910.1
Coprinellus silvaticus LO172-08 KC992943.1
Coprinellus aureogranulatus CBS 973.95 GQ249283.1
0.87 Coprinellus domesticus GLM 45903 AY207181.1
0.93
0.96
Coprinopsis phaeospora CBS 895.70 MH871788.1
Inocybe meridionalis PBM 3413 NG_057221.1
Inocybe flocculosa ZRL20151789 KY418861.1
Inocybe sylvicola TENN 065735 NG_057199 1
Inocybe norvegica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1256
Inocybe curvipes EL6703 AM882813.2
Inocybe helobia EL15605 AM882815.2
0.99
Inocybe impexa TAA172127 AM882821.2
Inocybe lacera EL2104AM882823.2
Pleuroflammula tuberculosa PAM02072903 LIP HQ832465.1
BRA CR33233
Pleuroflammula pannonica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1268
BRA CR33236
0.97
Pleuroflammula flammea MCA339 AF367962.1
0.97
Pleuroflammula praestans PERTH08242151 HQ832464.1
Pleuroflammula praestans ZRL2015066 KY418859.1
Crepidotus cf. applanatus PBM 717 AY380406.1
Crepidotus cesatii G0306 MK277881.1
Crepidotus versutus PBM 856 AY820890.1
0.97
Crepidotus tobolensis LE 287655 NG_068881.1
Simocybe serrulata PBM 2536 AY745706.1
0.91
Crepidotus epibryus G1948 MK277886.1
0.98
Crepidotus wasseri sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1236
Crepidotus aff. alabamensis PBM2979 GQ892982.1
Crepidotus calolepis G0666 MK277879.1
0.95
Crepidotus mollis DM1043 MT640263.1
Crepidotus eucalyptorum G1749 MK277885.1
Crepidotus tigrensis B2200 MK277892.1
320
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
BezerroBotryosphaeriales mycetales
Diaporthe perjuncta BPI 748437 NG_059064.1
Neorhamphoria garethjonesii MFLUCC 16-0210 KY405014.1
Bezerromycetaceae
Bezerromyces gobabebensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1201
0.98
Bezerromyces pseudobrasiliensis CBS 141536 NG_069377.1 nom. nov. - Fungal Planet 1201
0.99
Bezerromyces brasiliensis CBS 141545 NG_069376.1
0.93
Bezerromyces pernambucoensis URM7412 KX518624.1
Neofusicoccum vitifusiforme CBS 125789 MH875227.1
Neofusicoccum terminaliae CBS 125263 NG_069899.1
Neofusicoccum mediterraneum CBS 121718 NG_069899.1
Neofusicoccum magniconidium CSF5876 MT029166.1
Neofusicoccum mangiferae CBS 118532 NG_055730.1
Botryosphaeriaceae
Neofusicoccum ningerense CSF6030 MT029168.1
Neofusicoccum pistaciae CBS 595.76 MH872782.1
Neofusicoccum batangarum CBS 124922 MH874933.1
0.97
Neofusicoccum cordaticola CBS 123634 NG_069914.1
Neofusicoccum occulatum CBS 128008 MH876179.1
0.97
Rhytidhysteron bruguierae MFLU 18-0571 NG_068292.1
Gloniopsis praelonga CBS 112415 FJ161173.2
Gloniopsis calami MFLUCC 15-0739 NG_059715.1
Gloniopsis calami MFLUCC 10-0927 MN577415.1
0.98
Gloniopsis leucaenae C289 MK347967.1
Gloniopsis arciformis GKM L166AGU323211.1
Hysteriaceae
Gloniopsis fluctiformis MFLUCC 18-0473 NG_066318.1
Gloniopsis subrugosa SMH557 GQ221896.1
Hysterobrevium mori GKM1214 GQ221895.1
Hysterobrevium walvisbayicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1203
0.96
Hysterodifractum partisporum HUEFS 42865NG_060652.1
0.99
Rhytidhysteron opuntiae GKM1190 GQ221892.1
0.98
Cryptocline arctostaphyli CBS 454.84 MH873458.1
Saccothecium rubi MFLUCC 14-1171 NG_059644.1
Moringomyces phantasmae CPC 38883 MW175404.1
Pseudosydowia eucalypti CPC 14028 GQ303327.2
0.85
BRIP 28157
BRIP 28159 Pseudosydowia louisecottisiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1271
Pseudosydowia eucalypti CBS 131832 MH877368.1
Pseudosydowia eucalyptorum CBS 145546 NG_067893.1
0.95
Pseudosydowia queenslandica BRIP 28249 sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1272
0.96
Pseudosydowia eucalypti CPC 14927 GQ303328.1
BRIP 28247 Pseudosydowia indooroopillyensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1270
0.89
BRIP 28248
Selenophoma linicola CBS 468.48 NG_057801.1
Arxiella lunata CBS 476.71 MH871994.1
Hormonema schizolunatum CBS 707.95 MH874183.1
Saccotheciaceae
Pseudoseptoria donacis CBS 291.69 MH877798.1
Kabatiella microsticta CBS 114.64 MH870008.1
KY781747.1
Aureobasidium iranianum QCC:M016/17
0.90
Selenophoma mahoniae CBS 388.92 EU754213.1
0.87
Aureobasidium caulivorum CBS 242.64 MH870057.1
Aureobasidium tremulum UN_1 MK503660.1
0.90
Aureobasidium melanogenum CBS 125735 MH875142.1
Aureobasidium subglaciale CBS 123387 MH874818.1
Aureobasidium leucospermi CBS 130593 MH877257.1
0.96
Aureobasidium namibiae SoilMT322623.1
Aureobasidium lini CBS 125.21 MH866211.1
Aureobasidium proteae CPC 13701 JN712556.1
Aureobasidium pullulans 2523 MN420921.1
Aureobasidium pullulans CBS 590.75 MH878516.1
Columnosphaeria fagi CBS 171.93 AY016359.1
0.93
Neocelosporium corymbiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1220
NeoceloNeocelosporium eucalypti CBS 145086NG_066297.1
Neocelosporiaceae
0.97
Celosporium larixicola L3-1 FJ997288.1
0.88
sporiales
MH877745.1
Muellerites juniperi CBS 339.73
Nothophaeotheca mirabibensis gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1211
NeophaeoNeophaeotheca salicorniae CBS 141299 NG_058237.1
Neophaeothecaceae
0.87
thecales
0.99
Neophaeotheca triangularis CBS 471.90 NG_057776.1
Verrucocladosporium dirinae MUT<ITA>4857 KP671739.1
0.99
Verrucocladosporium carpobroti CPC 38635 MW175393.1
Verrucocladosporium visseri CPC 36317 NG_068322.1
0.99
Toxicocladosporium rubrigenum CBS 124158 NG_057817.1
0.97
Toxicocladosporium irritans CBS 185.58 MH869283.1
Toxicocladosporium strelitziae CBS 132535 NG_042687.1
Toxicocladosporium ficiniae CBS 136406 NG_058054.1
Toxicocladosporium posoqueriae CPC 19305 NG_042757.1
Cladosporiaceae
0.98
Toxicocladosporium banksiae CBS 128215 NG_069077.1
KY752825.1
Toxicocladosporium cacti 236JB
Toxicocladosporium chlamydosporum CBS 124157 NG_069916.1
Toxicocladosporium pini CBS 138005 KJ869217.1
Toxicocladosporium pseudoveloxum CBS 128777 JF499868.1
0.96
Toxicocladosporium velox CBS 124159 NG_069017.1
Toxicocladosporium pterocarpi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1197
Toxicocladosporium protearum CBS 126499 NG_069967.1
C. acalyphae CBS 125982 NG_069939.1, C. angustisporum CBS 125983 NG_069940.1
C. asperulatum CBS 126340 NG_069955.1, C. australiense CBS 125984 NG_069941.1
C. chalastosporoides CBS 125985 NG_069942.1, C. cladosporioides CBS 127339 MH875964.1
C. exasperatum CBS 125986 NG_069943.1, C. exile CBS 125987 NG_069944.1
C. gamsianum CBS 125989 NG_069946.1, C. hillianum CBS 125988 NG_069945.1
C. licheniphilum CBS 125990 NG_069947.1, C. phyllactiniicola CBS 126355 NG_069959.1
C. pseudocladosporioides CBS 125993 NG_069950.1, C. rectoides CBS 125994 NG_069951.1
C. scabrellum CBS 126358 NG_069960.1, C. tenuissimum CBS 125995 NG_069983.1
C. xylophilum CBS 125997 NG_069953.1
Cladosporium stipagrostidicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1195
Cladosporiales
Dothideales
Hysteriales
2x
0.01
Overview Dothideomycetes (Other orders) phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 56 102 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (179 sequences including outgroup; 832 aligned positions; 378 unique site patterns; 3 740 000 generations with trees sampled every 100 generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et
al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents
the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. Culture collection/voucher, GenBank accession
(in superscript) and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Diaporthe perjuncta (GenBank NG_059064.1)
and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The most basal branched was
halved in length to facilitate layout. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
321
Fungal Planet description sheets
Paradevriesia americana CBS 117726 NG_059077.1
Extremus adstrictus W3 MW206771.1
Extremus antarcticus CCFEE 451 NG_059204.1
Paradevriesia pseudoamericana CBS 126270 NG_064229.1
Extremopsis radicicola gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1250
Saxophila tyrrhenica CCFEE 5935 NG_059571.1
Teratoramularia infinita CBS 120815 KX287248.1
Teratoramularia persicariae CBS 195.27 KX287253.1
Parapenidiella pseudotasmaniensis CBS 124991 NG_066269.1
Neophaeothecoidea proteae CBS 114129 MH874518.1
0.86
Acrodontium metrosideri CPC 32783 MH327834.1
Acrodontium crateriforme CBS 144.33 NG_057108.1
Acrodontium neolitseae CBS 137975 KJ869184.1
Acrodontium burrowsianum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1200
Phaeothecoidea melaleuca CPC 17223 HQ599595.1
0.98
Camarosporula persooniae CBS 116258 JF770461.1
Xenoconiothyrium catenata CMW 22113 JN712570.1
Lapidomyces aloidendricola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1208
Lapidomyces stipagrostidicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1202
Lapidomyces hispanicus CBS 118764 KF310016.1
Penidiella columbiana CBS 486.80 NG_057774.1
0.90
Teratosphaericola leucadendri sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1196
Teratosphaericola pseudafricana PM16 JN232442.1
0.98
Teratosphaericola pseudafricana CBS 114782 NG_058069.1
Araucasphaeria foliorum CPC 33084 MH327829.1
Pseudoteratosphaeria africana CBS 144595 MK442558.1
Pseudoteratosphaeria perpendicularis PM17 JN232443.1
0.96
Pseudoteratosphaeria ohnowa CBS 112896 EU019305.2
Pseudoteratosphaeria secundaria CBS 115608 EU019306.2
Teratosphaeria zuluensis CBS 120301 MH874640.1
Teratosphaeria micromaculata CBS 124582 MH874909.1
Teratosphaeria rubida CBS 124579 MH874907.1
Teratosphaeria brunneotingens CPC 13303 EU019286.1
Teratosphaeria eucalypti CPC 12552 GQ852691.1
0.92
Teratosphaeria mareebensis CBS 129529 MH876828.1
Teratosphaeria hortaea CBS 124156 MH874881.1
0.87
Teratosphaeria miniata CBS 125006 GQ852711.1
Teratosphaeria cryptica CPC 32890 MN162216.1
0.86
Teratosphaeria combreti sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1213
Teratosphaeria agapanthi CPC 18266 JF770471.1
Neochaetothyrina syzygii gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1214
Houjia yanglingensis CBS 125225 NG_064220.1
Phaeothecoidiella illinoisensis CBS 125223 NG_069032.1
Phaeothecoidiella missouriensis CBS 125222 NG_069924.1
Exopassalora zambiae CBS 112971 MH874479.1
Stomiopeltis syzygii CPC 36323 NG_068323.1
Chaetothyrina artocarpi MFLUCC 15-1082 MF614834.1
Chaetothyrina guttulata MFLUCC 14-0539 MN462949.1
0.94
Repetophragma zygopetali VIC 42946 NG_060158.1
Chaetothyrina guttulata MFLUCC 15-1081 NG_058932.1
Chaetothyrina musarum MFLUCC 15-0383 KU710171.1
Paramycosphaerella pterocarpi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1218
Paramycosphaerella brachystegiae CBS 136436 NG_058048.1
Paramycosphaerella dicranopteridis-flexuosae CPC 24743 NG_059577.1
Paramycosphaerella sticheri CPC 24720 NG_059575.1
Paramycosphaerella wachendorfiae CPC 18338 NG_059461.1
Paramycosphaerella watsoniae CPC 37392 NG_068339.1
Pseudopericoniella levispora CBS 873.73 NG_057778.1
Hyalozasmidium aerohyalinosporum CPC 14636 NG_059440.1
Mycosphaerella medusae CBS 130521 NG_067910.1
Paramycosphaerella syzygii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1217
Piricauda paraguayensis VIC 31785.52 KJ459712.1
Paramycosphaerella blechni CPC 24698 NG_059580.1
0.94
Virosphaerella irregularis CBS 123242 MH874810.1
Paramycosphaerella intermedia CMW 7163 NG_059428.1
0.92
Paramycosphaerella marksii CPC 11222 GU214447.1
Mycosphaerelloides madeirae CBS 116068 KX286990.1
0.99
Epicoleosporium ramularioides CPC 10672 NG_059251.1
Epicoleosporium ramularioides CPC 10673 KX286984.1
Polyphialoseptoria tabebuiae-serratifoliae CBS 112650 KF251716.1
Collapsimycopappus styracis HHUF 30067 NG_064448.1
Mycodiella laricis-leptolepidis MAFF 410081 JX901862.1
0.98
Mycodiella eucalypti CPC 29458 NG_059747.1
Mycodiella sumatrensis CBS 118499 NG_042737.1
0.91
Madagascaromyces intermedius CBS 124154 NG_057816.1
Neomycosphaerella pseudopentameridis CBS 136407 NG_058044.1
Phaeophleospora concentrica CPC 3615 FJ493205.1
0.95
Brunneosphaerella jonkershoekensis CBS 130594 MH877258.1
Brunneosphaerella nitidae CPC 15231 NG_058639.1
Brunneosphaerella protearum CBS 130598 MH877281.1
0.97
0.99
0.96
0.97
0.01
Overview Dothideomycetes (Other orders) phylogeny – part 2
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Teratosphaeriaceae
Mycosphaerellales
0.88
Extremaceae
Phaeothecoidiellaceae
Mycosphaerellaceae
322
Diaporthe perjuncta BPI 748437 NG_059064.1
Tetraploa endophytica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1277
Tetraploa sasicola HHUF 27566 NG_042329.1
Tetraploa dwibahubeeja NFCCI 4621 NG_068929.1
Tetraploa pseudoaristata NFCCI 4624 NG_068930.1
Tetraplosphaeriaceae
Tetraploa yakushimensis HHUF 29652 NG_042330.1
NG_068931.1
Tetraploa thrayabahubeeja NFCCI 4627
Tetraploa nagasakiensis HHUF 29378 NG_042328.1
Neothyrostroma encephalarti CPC 35999 NG_068317.1
Alfoldia vorosii CBS 145501 NG_068885.1
Amorosiaceae
Amorocoelophoma cassiae MFLUCC 17-2283 NG_066307.1
0.86
Amorocoelophoma neoregeliae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1185
Preussia isomera CBS 318.65 NG_064045.1
Preussia minimoides MEXU 26355 KF557659.1
Propolis farinosa ICMP 17354 HM140562.1
0.85
Preussia australis 798_2_CY02 AB470572.1
0.98
Preussia lignicola 18ALIC002 MT472604.1
Sporormiaceae
Preussia minipascua UPS:Kruys 306 GQ203745.1
Preussia procaviicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1212
MH878451.1
Preussia intermedia CBS 364.69
0.87
Preussia australis S:Lundqvist 20884-a GQ203732.1
0.90
Preussia
minima CBS 881.68 MH870970.1
0.99
Preussia persica GLMC 447 MT156301.1
Parateichospora phoenicicola gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1223
Pseudoaurantiascoma kenyense GKM 1195 NG_059928.1
Aurantiascoma minima ANM 933 GU385195.1
Teichospora nephelii CPC 27539 NG_059762.1
Teichospora quercus CBS 143396 NG_067335.1
Asymmetrispora mariae CBS 124079 NG_057942.1
Asymmetrispora tennesseensis ANM 911 NG_059930.1
Pseudomisturatosphaeria cruciformis SMH 5151 NG_059931.1
Teichospora kingiae CPC 29104 NG_059761.1
Floricola striata JK 5603KGU479785.1
0.95
Floricola striata JK 5678IGU301813.1
Magnibotryascoma sp. HKAS 111921 MW424789.1
0.92
Macrodiplodiopsis desmazieri MFLUCC 12-0088 KF531927.1
Teichosporaceae
Magnibotryascoma mali MFLU 17-0559 NG_059830.1
0.95
Magnibotryascoma acaciae CBS 140000 MH878675.1
Magnibotryascoma melanommoides MP5 KU601585.1
Magnibotryascoma rubriostiolata TR5 KU601589.1
Magnibotryascoma uniseriatum ANM 909 NG_059929.1
0.86
Misturatosphaeria viridibrunnea MFLUCC 10-0930 NG_068586.1
0.88
Misturatosphaeria aurantiacinotata GKM 1238 NG_059927.1
Misturatosphaeria uniseptata SMH 4330 GU385167.1
0.99
Teichospora pusilla C140 KU601586.1
Teichospora austroafricana CBS 122674 EU552116.1
Teichospora proteae CBS 122675 EU552117.1
Teichospora claviformis GKM 1210 NG_059932.1
0.98
Teichospora trabicola C141 KU601592.1
Pleiochaeta carotae CPC 27452 NG_066386.1
Pleiochaeta setosa CBS 496.63 MH869952.1
Dothidotthiaceae
Pleiochaeta setosa CBS 118.25 MH866309.1
MF614796.1
Morosphaeria muthupetensis PUFD87
Aquilomyces metrosideri sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1191
Pithomyces valparadisiacus CBS 113339 EU552152.1
Aquilomyces patris CBS 135661 NG_057057.1
Morosphaeriaceae
Aquilomyces rebunensis HHUF 27556 NG_056937.1
Clypeoloculus towadaensis HHUF 30145 NG_058722.1
Clypeoloculus akitaensis KT 788 AB807543.1
0.98
Clypeoloculus hirosakiensis KT 1283 AB807550.1
0.90
Clypeoloculus microsporus KT 1131 NG_068960.1
Paraphaeosphaeria rosicola MFLUCC 15-0042 MG829047.1
Paraphaeosphaeria sardoa CBS 501.71 JX496207.1
Didymosphaeriaceae
Paraphaeosphaeria sporulosa CBS 301.77 MH872833.1
Curreya pityophila CBS 149.32 DQ384102.1
0.99
EU754174.1
Paraphaeosphaeria minitans CBS 122786
Paraphaeosphaeria neglecta UTHSC:DI16-261 LN907404.1
Paraphaeosphaeria michotii MFLUCC 13-0349 NG_059522.1
0.88
Paraphaeosphaeria pilleata CBS 102207 JX496126.1
Paraphaeosphaeria arecacearum CBS 158.75 NG_057962.1
Paraphaeosphaeria arecacearum CBS 614.75 JX496213.1
Phaeodothis winteri CBS 182.58 GU301857.1
Neokalmusia arundinis MFLUCC 14-0222 KX954400.1
Neokalmusia arundinis MFLUCC 15-0463 NG_068237.1
0.97
Neokalmusia thailandica MFLU 16-2787 NG_059792.1
Neokalmusia thailandica MFLUCC 16-0399 KY706131.1
Deniquelata barringtoniae MFLUCC 16-0271 MH260291.1
Deniquelata quercina 1050-SAB SA5 1 MT808605.1
Deniquelata hypolithi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1204
Tremateia camporesii MFLU 19-2109 MN473056.1
Tremateia murispora GZCC 18-2787 MK972751.1
Tremateia chiangraiensis MFLUCC 17-1428 NG_068709.1
Tremateia thailandensis MFLUCC 17-1430 NG_068711.1
Pleosporales
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
0.1
Overview Dothideomycetes (Pleosporales) phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 91 128 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (170 sequences including outgroup; 799 aligned positions; 295 unique site patterns; 6 075 000 generations with trees sampled every 100 generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et
al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents
the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. Culture collection/voucher, GenBank accession
(in superscript) and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Diaporthe perjuncta (GenBank NG_059064.1)
and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were
deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
323
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.1
Overview Dothideomycetes (Pleosporales) phylogeny – part 2
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Pleosporaceae
Pleosporales (continued)
Comoclathris rosae MFLU 15-0203 NG_069553.1
Comoclathris arrhenatheri MFLUCC 15-0465 NG_068240.1
Comoclathris permunda CBS 127967 MH876217.1
Comoclathris antarctica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1232
Comoclathris compressa CBS 156.53 KC584372.1
Comoclathris rosigena MFLU 16-0229 MG828995.1
Comoclathris italica MFLUCC 14-1062 KY771322.1
0.93
Comoclathris permunda MFLUCC 14-0974 KY659564.1
0.86
Comoclathris spartii MFLUCC 13-0214 KM577160.1
Bipolaris cactivora CBS 223.58 LT715590.1
Curvularia papendorfii CBS 126204 MH875471.1
Dichotomophthora basellae CBS 145050 MK442522.1
Drechslera boeremae CBS 127913 LT715595.1
Curvularia portulacae CBS 239.48 MH867878.1
Drechslera helianthi CBS 127937 MH876194.1
1
Bipolaris secalis CBS 127712 MH876123.1
0.85
Bipolaris drechsleri CBS 136207 NG_070031.1
Bipolaris triticicola CBS 127719 MH877953.1
Curvularia eragrostidis MFLUCC 15-0019 KP698727.1
Curvularia intermedia B19 MN017987.1
Curvularia oryzae CBS 169.53 MH868685.1
Curvularia tuberculata CBS 530.70 MH871612.1
0.92
Curvularia borreriae CBS 859.73 LT715573.1
Curvularia pallescens CBS 156.35 KM243269.1
0.91
0.99
Curvularia microspora GUCC 6272 MF139097.1
Curvularia trifolii CBS 173.55 HG779077.1
Curvularia gladioli CBS 210.79 HG779034.1
0.99 BRIP 71104
Curvularia tanzanica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1238
IMI 507176
Paraphoma dioscoreae CBS 135100 KF251671.1
Neosetophoma italica MFLU 14-C0809 KP711361.1
Neosetophoma rosarum MFLU 17-0308 MG829036.1
Neosetophoma aseptata CBS 145363 MK540024.1
Neosetophoma hnaniceana CBS 146548 MT119767.1
0.99
Neosetophoma buxi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1263
Neosetophoma phragmitis CBS 145364 MK540025.1
Neosetophoma poaceicola IRAN 2429 MT102742.1
Neosetophoma poaceicola MFLUCC 16-0886 KY550382.1
Phaeosphaeria fusispora LC5367 KU746744.1
Neosetophoma garethjonesii MFLUCC 14-0528 KY496738.1
0.98
Neosetophoma lonicerae KUMCC 18-0156 MK356350.1
Neosetophoma rosigena MFLU 17-0626 NG_059870.1
Neosetophoma samarorum CBS 138.96 NG_057836.1
Neosetophoma samarorum CBS 568.94 KF251666.1
Septoriella allojunci MFLUCC 15-0701 KU058728.1
Septoriella phragmitis CPC 24118 KR873279.1
Vagicola arundinis MFLUCC 15-0046 KY706130.1
Amarenographium ammophilicola MFLU 17-2568 MN017848.1
Amarenographium ammophilicola MFLU 17-2571 NG_070468.1
Loratospora luzulae MFLUCC 14-0826 NG_069310.1
0.98
Septoriella oudemansii CBS 138012 MH878140.1
0.89
Phaeosphaeria fuckelii CBS 388.86 MH873665.1
Septoriella callistemonis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1187
Leptospora chromolaenae MFLUCC 17-1421 NG_068689.1
0.97
Leptospora rubella IT3376 MN994335.1
Leptospora hydei SD-02 MK522497.1
Phaeosphaeriopsis agavacearum CPC 29122 KY173520.1
Phaeosphaeriopsis beaucarneae MFLU 18-2586 MT321813.1
0.95
Phaeosphaeriopsis obtusispora CBS 246.64 JX681119.1
Phaeosphaeriopsis pseudoagavacearum MFLU 17-2800BMN750593.1
0.91
CPC 38956
CPC 39087 Phaeosphaeropsis sansevieriae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1209
Coniothyrium concentricum CBS 589.79 MH873001.1
Phaeosphaeria juncicola CBS 110108 KF251686.1
Phaeosphaeriopsis aloes CBS 145367 MK540030.1
0.96
Phaeosphaeriopsis yuccae MFLUCC 16-0558 KY554481.1
Phaeosphaeriopsis agapanthi CBS 141287NG_058232.1
Phaeosphaeriopsis triseptata MFLUCC 13-0347 KJ522480.1
Phaeosphaeriopsis glaucopunctata CBS 120.82 MH873228.1
Phaeosphaeriopsis glaucopunctata MFLUCC 13-0220 KJ522478.1
Phaeosphaeria musae CBS 120026 DQ885894.1
Phaeosphaeria oryzae CBS 110110 NG_069025.1
Phaeosphaeria sinensis MFLUCC 18-1552 NG_070076.1
0.97
Sclerostagonospora sabaleos CBS 889.68 MH870972.1
Neosulcatispora agaves CPC 26407 KT950867.1
Phaeosphaeria sinensis KUMCC 19-0161 MN173210.1
Phaeosphaeria sp. UTHSC:DI16-336 LN907479.1
Phaeosphaeria caricis-sectae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1188
Setophoma yunnanensis HMAS 248084 NG_068617.1
Setophoma yingyisheniae LF727 MK511964.1
Setophoma caverna R150 MK511965.1
Setophoma sacchari CBS 333.39 NG_057837.1
Setophoma syzygii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1216
Setophoma antiqua LF1237 MK511947.1
0.92
Setophoma chromolaenae CBS 135105 KF251747.1
Setophoma endophytica CGMCC 3.19528 NG_070083.1
Setophoma vernoniae CBS 137988 KJ869198.1
Phaeosphaeriaceae
324
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Diaporthe perjuncta BPI 748437 NG_059064.1
Caliciopsis nigra MA 18191 KP144011.1
0.97
Hypsotheca pleomorpha CBS 144636 MK442528.1
Coryneliaceae
Caliciopsis orientalis CBS 138.64 NG_058741.1
0.99
Caliciopsis pinea AFTOL-ID 1869 DQ678097.1
Caliciopsis valentina MA 18176 NG_060419.1
Coryneliales
Caliciopsis maxima CPC 24674 NG_064416.1
Hypsotheca eucalyptorum CBS 145576 NG_067883.1
Caliciopsis beckhausii MA 18186 NG_060418.1
Nothophaeomoniella ekebergiae gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1224
Xenocylindrosporium kirstenboschense CBS 125545 NG_057857.1
Paraphaeomoniella capensis CPC 15416 NG_057814.1
Phaeomoniella pinifoliorum CBS 114903 NG_064185.1
Phaeomoniellaceae
Jimgerdemannia flammicorona JAC13389 MK431476.1
Paraphaeoisaria alabamensis CBS 101.77AMH872801.1
0.96
Phaeomoniella chlamydospora CBS 229.95 NG_066265.1
Phaeomoniellales
Caliciopsis indica GUFCC 4947 GQ259980.1
Sorocybe oblongispora DAOMC 251618 NG_067905.1
Sorocybe resinae DAOM 239134 EU030277.1
0.88
0.98
Exophiala pisciphila AFTOL-ID 669 DQ823101.1
Fonsecaea pedrosoi CBS 271.37 AF050276.1
Exophiala psychrophila CBS 191.87 MH873750.1
0.88
Exophiala bonariae CCFEE 5899 KR781082.1
Herpotrichiellaceae
Exophiala cancerae CBS 115142 MH874540.1
Cladophialophora hostae CPC 10737 EU035407.1
Cladophialophora behniae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1189
0.99
Cladophialophora scillae CBS 116461 EU035412.1
Ceramothyrium melastoma CPC 19837 NG_042749.1
Neophaeococcomyces aloes CBS 136431 NG_070373.1
Neophaeococcomyces catenatus CBS 650.76 NG_070445.1
Neophaeococcomyces oklahomaensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1262
Knufia petricola CBS 101157 FJ358249.1
Neophaeococcomyces placitae CBS 121716 MH874694.1 comb. nov. - Fungal Planet 1262
Trichomerium leigongense CGMCC 3.17983 KX348470.1
Chaetothyriales
Strelitziana cliviae CPC 19822 NG_042750.1
Knufia epidermidis FMR 17318 LS990864.1
0.99
Knufia hypolithi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1205
Trichomeriaceae
Phialocephala fluminis CBS 351.85 MH873578.1
0.98
0.96
Knufia karalitana CCFEE 5656 NG_067535.1
Knufia perforans CBS 885.95 NG_042586.1
Knufia petricola CBS 726.95 NG_042775.1
Knufia sp. MLT-8 MT636937.1
CPC 38984
CPC 38988
Knufia walvisbayicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1206
Knufia marmoricola CCFEE 5716 KR781074.1
Knufia marmoricola CCFEE 6201 KR781077.1
0.01
Overview Eurotiomycetes phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 146 252 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (85 sequences including outgroup; 847 aligned positions; 357 unique site patterns; 1 010 000 generations with trees sampled every 10 generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et
al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents
the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. Culture collection/voucher, GenBank accession
(in superscript) and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Diaporthe perjuncta (GenBank NG_059064.1)
and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were
deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
325
Fungal Planet description sheets
Elaphomyces papillatus IC12051202 KX238872.1
Elaphomyces muricatus AM44-14 KR029730.1
Elaphomyces quercicola IC23071107 KX238879.1
Elaphomyces digitatus MCA1923 JN713148.1
Elaphomyces granulatus AM4314 KR029767.1
0.97
Elaphomycetaceae
Elaphomyces borealis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1239
Elaphomyces anthracinus 14136 KR064762.1
0.95
Elaphomyces asperulus AM40 KX238863.1
Xerochrysium dermatitidis CBS 297.95 JF922024.1
Xeromyces bisporus CBS 236.71 NG_057813.1
Xerochrysium bohemicum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1281
Xerochrysium xerophilum CBS 153.67 JF922023.1
Warcupiella spinulosa CBS 512.65 JF922027.1
Aspergillus falconensis CBS 271.91 NG_069821.1
Aspergillus navahoensis CBS 129251 MH876698.1
Aspergillus multicolor CBS 133.54 MH868801.1
Aspergillus mulundensis Y-30462 KP985732.1
Eurotiales
Aspergillus puniceus CBS 127248 MH877931.1
Aspergillus recurvatus CBS 129210 MH876682.1
Penicillium mariae-crucis CBS 270.83 NG_069791.1
Penicillium simplicissimum CBS 372.48 NG_069659.1
Penicillium ochrochloron CBS 357.48 NG_069656.1
Penicillium svalbardense CBS 122416 NG_070020.1
Penicillium brasilianum CBS 253.55 NG_069684.1
0.99
NFCCI 4808
NFCCI 4809
Penicillium uttarakhandense sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1265
Penicillium fagi CBS 689.77 NG_064112.1
Penicillium citreonigrum CBS 258.29 NG_069621.1
0.95
Penicillium albidum CBS 254.29 MH866522.1
0.93
Penicillium corylophilum CBS 129536 MH878082.1
Penicillium herquei CBS 336.48 NG_069651.1
Penicillium malachiteum CBS 647.95 NG_069013.1
Penicillium adametzii CBS 209.28 NG_063970.1
Penicillium jugoslavicum CBS 192.87 NG_064148.1
0.99
Penicillium hirayamae CBS 229.60 NG_066245.1
Penicillium ferraniaense sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1264
Penicillium multicolor CBS 128280 MH876322.1
Penicillium sclerotiorum CBS 287.36 NG_063980.1
Penicillium vanoranjei CBS 134406 MH877559.1
0.01
Overview Eurotiomycetes phylogeny – part 2
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Aspergillaceae
326
Leotiales
Rhytismatales
0.87
Helotiales
2x
Xylaria hypoxylon AFTOL-ID 51AY544648.1
Phialophora hyalina ATCC 201333 MH753594.1
Vandijckella johannae JW1033 LT904724.1
Vandijckellaceae
Polyphilus frankenii DSM 106520 NG_067557.1
Polyphilus sieberi P02 MG719699.1
Flexuomyces asteliae gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1184
0.96
Variabilispora flava CBS 144845 NG_068608.1
Tympanidaceae
Aotearoamyces nothofagi ICMP 21868 MG807386.1
Pallidophorina paarla CBS 120877 NG_068607.1
Calycina discedens MFLU 18-0691 MK591996.1
Calycina citrina CBS 139.62 MH869703.1
Calycellina populina CBS 247.62 MH869739.1
Pezizellaceae
Urceolella crispula KACC 45486 JN086682.1
JN086727.1
Phialina lachnobrachyoides KUS F-52576
Amicodisca virella SBRH828 MH485388.1
Amicodiscaceae
Olla millepunctata KACC 45226 JN086683.1
Meliniomyces variabilis pkc09 AY394898.1
Hyaloscyphaceae
Hyaloscypha vitreola KACC 45484 JN086681.1
1
0.99
Ciliolarina pinicola G.M. 2014-11-10.3 KY800411.1
CBS 147154
1
CBS 148027 Hyalodendriella bialowiezensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1252
CBS 147273
Hyalodendriella betulae CBS 261.82 NG 067419.1
Hamatocanthoscyphaceae
Curviclavula anemophila CBS 138123 KM503089.1
Chalara aurea CBS 880.73 MH872551.1
Pseudohelotium pineti CBS 251.60 MH869527.1
Helotium subcorticale CBS 248.62 MH869740.1
Helotiaceae
Phaeohelotium epiphyllum H.B. 9911 KT876976.1
Cryptosporiopsis actinidiae M39 HM595594.1
KR107002.1
Neofabraea brasiliensis CNPUV499
Neofabraea kienholzii CBS 126461 NG_069966.1
Neofabraea malicorticis CBS 122030 NG_068983.1
Neofabraea brunneipila MFLU 15-0231 MK592004.1
Pseudofabraea citricarpa CBS 130297 NG_069282.1
Dermateaceae
0.92
Pseudofabraea citricarpa WZ-12-C-CoMK968360.1
MT449705.1
0.92
Phlyctema coronillae MFLU 15-1243
Rhabdospora lupini CBS 475.69 MH871119.1
0.90
Neofabraea alba CBS 109875 AY064705.1
0.95
Phlyctema vagabunda CBS 261.32 MH866769.1
Cenangiaceae
Chlorencoelia versiformis DAOMC251598 MH455361.1
Mastigosporium rubricosum CBS 324.68 MH878391.1
Cadophora neoregeliae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1186
Cadophora bubakii CBS 198.30 MH866559.1
0.99
0.87
Cadophora melinii CBS 120273 MH874636.1
0.98
Mollisia cinerella CBS 312.61 MH869631.1
Ploettnerulaceae
Cadophora fastigiata CBS 871.69 MH871249.1
MH871234.1
Cadophora melinii CBS 848.69
Cephalosporium gramineum CBS 540.63 MH869971.1
Phialophora dancoi CBS 329.90 MH873899.1
Vibrissea flavovirens CBS 121003 MT026563.1
Vibrisseaceae
Vibrissea truncorum CBS 258.91 MT026486.1
Phialocephala scopiformis CBS 468.94 NG_064168.1
EU019300.1
0.95 Trimmatostroma salicis CPC 13571
Mollisia cinerea CBS 122029 MT026558.1
Mollisia monilioides DAOMC 250734 MT026559.1
Barrenia panicia WSF1R37 KT598380.1
Mollisia nigrescens CBS 558.63 MT026536.1
Mollisia diesbachiana DAOMC 250732 MT026521.1
Mollisia gibbospora CNF 2/10951 MT178276.1
Loramyces macrosporus KACC 45617 NG_057911.1
0.99
Obtectodiscus aquaticus CBS 553.79 MT026501.1
Ombrophila hemiamyloidea DAOMC 251536 MT026561.1
0.96
Mollisia cortegadensis ALV8039 MN129020.1
Neopyrenopeziza nigripigmentata MFLU 16-0599 NG_066459.1
Patellariopsis dennisii G.M. 2017-09-04.3 MK120898.1
Mollisia ligni var. ligni CBS 290.59 MT026520.1
0.97
Mollisia endogranulata sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1261
Mollisia prismatica DAOMC 250740 MT026508.1
Mollisia prismatica DAOMC 251599 MT026509.1
0.86
Mollisia endocrystallina CNF 2/10055 NG_068858.1
Mollisia caesia CBS 220.56 MH869140.1
Mollisiaceae
Mollisia discolor CBS 289.59 MT026504.1
0.97
MT026505.1
Mollisia fallens CBS 221.56
Mollisia ventosa CBS 322.77 MT026506.1
Mollisia novobrunsvicensis DAOMC 252263 MT026493.1
Mollisia rava DAOMC 250737 MT026522.1
Mollisia rava DAOMC 251562 MT026523.1
Acidomelania panicicola 61R8 KF874622.1
Acidomelania panicicola CBS 137156 NG_064288.1
Mollisia asteliae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1183
Mollisia panicicola CM16S1 KF874621.1
Mollisia cf. cinerea DAOMC 251576 MT026516.1
Mollisia undulatodepressula CBS 559.63 MT026514.1
Neomollisia gelatinosa MFLU 18-0701 NG_066452.1
Hymenoscyphus vitellinus CBS 139.24 MH866283.1
0.93
Mollisia cinerea CBS 128349 MH876343.1
Mollisia fusca CBS 486.48 MH867987.1
Mollisia melaleuca CBS 589.84 MT026519.1
Rhizosphaera pini CBS 189.26 MH866377.1
Rutstroemia jasminicola CBS 331.47 MH867812.1
Helotiales I
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
0.01
Overview Leotiomycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 408 002 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (90 sequences including outgroup; 826 aligned positions; 283 unique site patterns; 2 720 000 generations with trees sampled every 10 generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et
al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents
the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. Culture collection /voucher, GenBank accession
(in superscript) or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Xylaria hypoxylon (GenBank AY544648.1) and the
taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The most basal branched was halved in
length to facilitate layout. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
327
Fungal Planet description sheets
Chytridium lagenaria UA PL 167FJ804156.1
Gongronella brasiliensis URM7488 KY114933.1
Gongronella lacrispora CBS 244.62 MH869737.1
0.87
Gongronella namwonensis CNUFC-WW2-12 MN658482.1
Gongronella guangdongensis LC1995 MN947304.1
Gongronella sichuanensis GZUIFR-H25.4.3 MK813857.1
0.91
Absidia bonitoensis URM 7889 MN977805.1
Absidia montepascoalis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1226
Absidia panacisoli CBS 140959 NG_063948.1
0.95
Mucoromycota
Absidia cylindrospora var. nigra CBS 127.68 NG_058560.1
0.92
Mucoromycotina
Absidia caatinguensis URM 7156 KT308170.1
Mucoromycetes
Absidia multispora URM 8210 MN953782.1
Mucorales
Absidia anomala CBS 125.68 JN206593.1
0.93
Cunninghamellaceae
Absidia jindoensis CNUFC-PTI1-1 MF926616.1
Absidia cylindrospora Leaf1A-2013 MK674163.1
0.94
Absidia cylindrospora RCPF 62/4000 JX961699.1
Absidia cylindrospora var. cylindrospora CBS 100.08 JN206588.1
0.96
Absidia psychrophilia 714 KT215321.1
Absidia psychrophilia CBS 128.68 NG_058544.1
Absidia repens CBS 115583 NG_058551.1
Absidia pararepens CCF 6352 MT192308.1
Absidia pararepens NRRL 1336 AF113448.1
0.1
Overview Mucoromycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 141 002 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (22 sequences including outgroup; 660 aligned positions; 319 unique site patterns; 470 000 generations with trees sampled every five generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et
al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents
the expected changes per site. The higher taxonomic classification is indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. Culture collection/voucher, GenBank accession (in superscript) or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Chytridium lagenaria (GenBank
FJ804156.1) and the taxonomic novelty described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available is indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree
were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
328
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Candida broadrunensis CBS 11838 KY106372.1
Tuber excavatum Trappe 19457 DQ191677.1
Tuber neoexcavatum wsp081 KY013643.1
Tuber malacodermum JT32319 JQ925702.1
Tuber pustulatum AQUI 9726 MK211308.1
Tuber wenchuanense HMAS 60239 MH115327.1
0.86
Tuber rufum f. lucidum TR73 MT270606.1
Tuber zambonelliae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1280
0.86
Tuber buendiae MUB Fung-0974 NG_073829.1
Tuber melosporum AH31737 JN392202.1
Tuber furfuraceum T4_HKAS48272 GU979090.1
0.94
Tuber huidongense T107_CJ420 GU979099.1
Tuber sinoalbidum BJTC:FAN105 MH115299.1
Tuber microspiculatum BJTC:FAN220 MH115316.1
0.94
Tuber umbilicatum T2_HKAS44316 GU979086.1
Tuber alcaracense MUB Fung-0971 MN953777.1
Tuber aestivum Baram1 KF523368.1
0.88
Tuber aestivum var. uncinatum ALV9224 MG385627.1
Tuberaceae
Pezizales
Tuber huidongense T117_CJ409BGU979097.1
Tuber canaliculatum Trappe 12448 DQ191675.1
Tuber macrosporum JT13362 FJ809838.1
Tuber anniae JT22695 JQ925681.1
Tuber jinshajiangense BJTC:FAN406 KX575846.1
Tuber liyuanum BJTC:FAN162 KT067698.1
Tuber borchii GB14 JQ925682.1
Tuber brunneum JT33830 KT897478.1
0.98
Tuber pseudoseparans JT33778 KT897480.1
Tuber californicum JT28058 JQ925685.1
Tuber floridanum FLAS F-61240 NG_064427.1
Tuber hubeiense HMAS 60233 NG_059582.1
Tuber lusitanicum MUB Fung-0986 MT705332.1
0.99
Tuber microverrucosum BJTC:FAN142 KT067696.1
Tuber pseudomagnatum BJTC:FAN299 KP276193.1
0.01
Overview Pezizomycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 87 002 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (33 sequences including outgroup; 792 aligned positions; 203 unique site patterns; 290 000 generations with trees sampled every five generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et
al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents
the expected changes per site. The family and order are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. Culture collection/voucher, GenBank accession
(in superscript) or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Candida broadrunensis (GenBank KY106372.1) and
the taxonomic novelty described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available is indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited
in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
329
Fungal Planet description sheets
Absidia panacisoli CBS 140959 NG_063948.1
Phytophthora sansomea PD_01115 EU080275.1
Phytophthora medicaginis PD_00059 EU080695.1
Phytophthora trifolii PD_00168 EU080088.1
Phytophthora cryptogea CBS 468.81 HQ665238.1
Phytophthora erythroseptica PD_00014 EU079832.1
Phytophthora richardiae PD_00090 EU079542.1
Phytophthora kelmania PD_00100 EU079610.1
Phytophthora kelmanii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1267
Phytophthora pseudocryptogea CBS 139749 LC595831.1
Phytophthora glovera 62B4 KX250654.1
Peronosporaceae
Straminipila
Phytophthora capsici 22F4 KX250640.1
Stramenopiles
Phytophthora aysenensis RGM 2753 MN557839.1
Oomycetes
Phytophthora heveae 22J1 KX251116.1
Peronosporales
Phytophthora cinnamomi 61J1 KX251816.1
Phytophthora mengei 42B2 KX250661.1
1
Phytophthora mexicana 45G4 KX250675.1
Phytophthora tropicalis CBS 434.91 HQ665233.1
Phytophthora citricola PD_00019 EU080240.1
Phytophthora acerina 61H1 KX250717.1
0.90
Phytophthora inflata 28D3 KX250773.1
Phytophthora multivora 55C5 KX250780.1
Phytophthora personensis CBS 146549 MT159417.1
Phytophthora pini 45F1 KX250815.1
Phytophthora plurivora 33H9 KX250836.1
0.01
Overview Phytophthora phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 64 502 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (25 sequences including outgroup;
1 110 aligned positions; 68 unique site patterns; 215 000 generations with trees sampled every five generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et al. 2012).
Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected
changes per site. The higher taxonomic classification is indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. Culture collection/voucher, GenBank accession
(in superscript) or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Absidia panacisoli (GenBank NG_063948.1) and
the taxonomic novelty described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available is indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited
in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
330
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Backusella lamprospora CBS 107.09 MH866118.1
KBP Y-6428
Teunia lichenophila sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1278
KBP Y-6495
Cryptococcaceae
Teunia betulae yHKS285 KM408130.1
Teunia globosa CGMCC2 5648 MK050288.1
Teunia helanensis CGMCC 2.4450 MK050287.1
Tremellomycetes
Teunia cuniculi CBS 10309 KY106982.1
Teunia siamensis DMKU-XD44 LC420623.1
Saccharomycetes
Teunia tronadorensis CRUB 1299 MF959620.1
Tremellales
0.97
Saccharomycetales
0.99
Teunia rudbeckiae X54 MK942559.2
Teunia korlaensis CGMCC 2.3835 MK050286.1
0.89
Teunia rosae 21S4 MK942561.1
Starmerella sp. ‘tilneyi’ CBS 8794 KY106810.1
0.92
CBS 5659
CBS 6396
Starmerella xylocopis f.a. sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1275
Starmerella apis CBS 2674 NG_060800.1
Insertae sedis
Starmerella vaccinii CBS 7318 KJ630499.1
Starmerella magnoliae CBS 2800 LT594205.1
0.95
Starmerella geochares CBS 6870 NG_060806.1
Starmerella sorbosivorans CBS 8768 NG_060827.1
KBP Y-6723
KBP Y-6724
Metschnikowia taurica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1259
Metschnikowia caudata EBDCdVSA8.1 KJ736788.1
0.96
Candida hainanensis AS2.3478 EU284103.1
Metschnikowia lopburiensis DMKU-RK277 AB697756.1
Metschnikowiaceae
Candida danielliae CBS 8533 HM156539.1
Metschnikowia laotica 11-524 JX515978.2
Candida torresii NRRL Y-699 U45731.1
Metschnikowia drosophilae CBS 8809 AF279303.1
Eremothecium gossypii CBS 109.26 MH866353.1
Eremothecium coryli CBS 2608 KY107671.1
Eremothecium sinecaudum ATCC 58844 FJ422506.1
Eremothecium cymbalariae NRRL Y-17582 JQ689024.1
Eremothecium ashbyi CBS 207.58
0.87
45029L
45410L
Eremotheciaceae
MH869289.1
Eremothecium peggii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1248
0.1
Overview Saccharomycetes and Tremellomycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 136 502 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (36 sequences including outgroup; 667 aligned positions; 432 unique site patterns; 910 000 generations with trees sampled every 10 generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et al.
2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the
expected changes per site. The families, orders and classes are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. Culture collection/voucher, GenBank
accession (in superscript) and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Backusella lamprospora (GenBank
MH866118.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The alignment and
tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
331
Glomerellales
Hypocreales
Ramularia endophylla CBS 113265 AY490776.2
Falcocladium heteropyxidicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1192
Falcocladium eucalypti CPC 38019 NG_068318.1
Falcocladium multivesiculatum CBS 120386 JF831932.1
Falcocladium sphaeropedunculatum CBS 111292 EU040218.1
Falcocladium africanum CPC 34007 MK047471.1
Falcocladiaceae
0.94
Falcocladium thailandicum CBS 121717 NG_057909.1
NG_060392.1
Falcocladium turbinatum BCC 22055
Colletotrichum colombiense CBS 129817 MH876877.1
Colletotrichum novae-zelandiae CBS 130240 MH877051.1
Colletotrichum cliviigenum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1190
Colletotrichum boninense CBS 130235 MH877209.1
Colletotrichum karsti CBS 130641 MH877253.1
Colletotrichum petchii CBS 125957 MH875299.1
Colletotrichum condaoense CBS 134299 MH229917.1
Colletotrichum hippeastri CBS 125376 MH874999.1
Colletotrichum proteae CBS 132882 NG_067491.1
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides CBS 132452 MH877484.1
Colletotrichum theobromicola CBS 129762 MH877074.1
Colletotrichum trichellum CBS 128514 MH876446.1
Colletotrichum circinans CBS 142.79 MH872957.1
Colletotrichum coccodes CBS 132450 MH877482.1
Colletotrichum eremochloae CBS 129664 MH876965.1
Colletotrichum spaethianum UTHSC DI14-253 LN907328.1
0.94
Colletotrichum destructivum MP11 KF181214.1
0.98
Glomerellaceae
Colletotrichum fioriniae CBS 126509 MH875593.1
Colletotrichum fioriniae CBS 127611 MH876071.1
Colletotrichum abscissum RB197 MK541030.1
Colletotrichum acutatum CBS 129924 MH877103.1
Colletotrichum costaricense RB184 MK541033.1
Colletotrichum filicis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1231
Colletotrichum godetiae CH 21 KU973721.1
Colletotrichum johnstonii CBS 128532 NG_069988.1
Colletotrichum lupini RB221 MK541037.1
Colletotrichum nymphaeae RB190 MK541035.1
Colletotrichum tamarilloi CBS 129954 MH877133.1
Colletotrichum arboricola CBS 144795 NG_070064.1
Colletotrichum kinghornii CBS 198.35 NG_069631.1
Colletotrichum melonis CBS 159.84 NG_070037.1
Colletotrichum phormii CBS 118197 DQ286135.1
Colletotrichum rhombiforme CBS 129953 NG_070016.1
Colletotrichum salicis CBS 607.94 NG_070038.1
Colletotrichum simmondsii RB179 MK541034.1
Simplicillium
niveum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1274
0.92
Gibellula gamsii BCC 25798 MH152542.1
Gibellula gamsii BCC 27968 MH152539.1
Leptobacillium chinense CGMCC 3.14970 NG_069101.1
Leptobacillium chinense LC1342 JQ410321.1
Simplicillium filiforme URM<BRA> 7918 MH979399.1
Leptobacillium coffeanum CDA 734 MF066032.1
Leptobacillium coffeanum CDA 735 MF066033.1
Simplicillium sympodiophorum JCM 18184 NG_068548.1
0.93
Simplicillium lamellicola CBS 11625 NG_042381.1
Simplicillium calcicola LC5371 KU746751.1
Simplicillium calcicola LC5586 KU746752.1
0.96
Simplicillium cylindrosporum JCM 18169 NG_069476.1
Cordycipitaceae
Simplicillium cylindrosporum JCM 18170 LC496877.1
Simplicillium subtropicum JCM 18180 LC496880.1
0.93
Simplicillium subtropicum JCM 18181 LC496881.1
Simplicillium minatense JCM 18176 NG_069477.1
Simplicillium aogashimaense JCM 18167 NG_068547.1
0.98
Simplicillium aogashimaense JCM 18168 LC496875.1
Simplicillium lanosoniveum CBS 531.72 MH872261.1
0.87 Simplicillium lanosoniveum CBS 704.86 AF339553.1
Simplicillium lanosoniveum CBS 123.42 NG_068571.1
Simplicillium obclavatum CBS 311.74 AF339517.1
Simplicillium
spumae JCM 39051 LC496884.1
0.94
Simplicillium formicae BCC88410 MN960260.1
0.98
Simplicillium formicae MFLUCC 18-1379 NG_068624.1
Falcocladiales
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.01
Overview Sordariomycetes (Falcocladiales, Glomerellales and Hypocreales) phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 846 978 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (194 sequences including
outgroup; 816 aligned positions; 310 unique site patterns; 56 465 000 generations with trees sampled every 100 generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar
represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. Culture collection/voucher, GenBank
accession (in superscript) and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Ramularia endophylla (GenBank
AY490776.2) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The alignment and
tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
332
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
0.99
0.95
0.98
0.93
0.01
Overview Sordariomycetes (Falcocladiales, Glomerellales and Hypocreales) phylogeny (cont.) – part 2
Bionectriaceae
Hypocreales (continued)
0.97
Stephanonectria keithii GJS 92-133 AY489727.1
Stilbella byssiseda CBS 828.70 MH871765.1
Peristomialis dentifera CBS 574.76 MH872777.1
Lasionectriopsis pteridii CBS 782.69 NG_069746.1
0.85
Lasionectriopsis pteridii CBS 784.69 HQ232103.1
Lasionectriopsis spinosa CBS 136.33 HQ232137.1
0.88
Protocreopsis korfii CBS 138733 NG_058201.1
Protocreopsis freycinetiae CBS 573.76 MH872776.1
0.99
Acremonium rutilum MY6 KY873378.1
Pronectria robergei CBS 128021 MH876199.1
0.86 Acremonium persicinum CBS 378.70CHQ232080.1
0.88
Acremonium rutilum CBS 394.70 MH871514.1
Hydropisphaera peziza CBS 123792 MH874857.1
Fusariella concinna CBS 312.73 MH878376.1
Fusariella obstipa CBS 303.73 MH878356.1
Acremonium persicinum CBS 203.73 MH877816.1
0.88
Acremonium hyalinulum CBS 271.36 HQ232045.1
Nalanthamala squamicola CBS 701.73 AF373281.1
0.99
Lasionectria
hilhorstii CBS 144938 NG_066302.1
0.98
Lasionectria oenanthicola CBS 129747 KY607557.1
0.87
Acremonium biseptum CBS 750.69 NG_056978.1
Gliomastix cerealis CBS 208.70 MH871342.1
Lasionectria sansevierae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1210
Lasionectria mantuana A.R. 4029 GQ505994.1
Pseudoacremonium sacchari CBS 137990 NG_058083.1
Acremonium chiangraiense MFLUCC 14-0397 NG_068918.1
Acremonium tectonae CBS 725.87 HQ232144.1
Hydropisphaera foliicola CBS 140758 NG_058273.1
0.96
Paracylindrocarpon pandanicola KUMCC 17-0272 NG_068837.1
Hydropisphaera erubescens CBS 128365 MH876357.1
Paracylindrocarpon aloicola CBS 141300 NG_058238.1
0.89
Paracylindrocarpon nabanheensis KUMCC 16-0147 MH376730.1
Paracylindrocarpon xishuangbannaensis KUMCC 16-0144 MH376732.1
Paramyrothecium cupuliforme CBS 127789 MH876139.1
Xepicula jollymannii CBS 276.48 NG_069350.1
Xepicula leucotricha CBS 483.78 MH872932.1
Paramyrothecium salvadorae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1221
Paramyrothecium foliicola CBS 419.93 KU846323.1
Paramyrothecium nigrum CBS 116537 NG_069341.1
Paramyrothecium breviseta CBS 544.75 NG_069340.1
Paramyrothecium roridum CBS 357.89 NG_069343.1
Paramyrothecium terrestris CBS 564.86 KU846333.1
Paramyrothecium viridisporum CBS 873.85 NG_069344.1
Memnoniella humicola CBS 463.74 NG_058217.1
Memnoniella echinata CBS 216.32 MH866746.1
Stachybotrys levispora LAMIC0120/07 KP893313.1
Paracymostachys euphorbiae gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1194
Stachybotrys subsylvatica CBS 126205 MH877885.1
Stachybotrys dolichophialis DAOM 227011 KU846847.1
Stachybotrys limonispora CBS 128809 MH876595.1
Stachybotrys zeae HGUP 0143 KC305346.1
Stachybotrys chartarum CBS 129.13 MH866145.1
Stachybotrys chlorohalonata CBS 330.37 MH867425.1
Sirastachys castanedae CBS 531.69 MH871133.1
Striatibotrys eucylindrospora CBS 203.61 NG_069696.1
Striatibotrys atypica CPC 18423 KU846866.1
Striatibotrys oleronensis CBS 137258 KU846873.1
Cymostachys arthraeruae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1222
Cymostachys thailandica CBS 145079 NG_066294.1
Stachybotrys nephrospora LAMIC0040/07 KP893312.1
0.86
Cymostachys coffeicola CBS 252.76 NG_058942.1
Cymostachys fabispora CBS 136180 NG_058943.1
Stachybotryaceae
333
Coccinonectria rusci CBS 126108 NG_058890.1
Chaetopsina pinicola CBS 136444 NG_058865.1
Chaetopsinectria chaetopsinae 76860 DQ119553.2
Volutella salvadorae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1219
0.91
Volutella citrinella DAOM 165520 HQ843772.1
0.99
Volutella consors CBS 122767 KM231632.1
0.99
Volutella ciliata CBS 127312 MH875955.1
0.97
Volutella rosea CBS 128258 KM231634.1
Volutella roseola CBS 377.55 MH869058.1
0.96
Bisifusarium domesticum CBS 434.34 NG_057952.1
Bisifusarium lunatum CBS 632.76 KM231662.1
Bisifusarium tonghuanum CGMCC 3.17369 NG_067793.1
Bisifusarium delphinoides CBS 120718 NG_056289.1
Bisifusarium dimerum CBS 254.50 MH868114.1
Bisifusarium nectrioides CBS 176.31 KM231659.1
Bisifusarium penzigii CBS 317.34 NG_067346.1
Sarcopodium vanillae MFLUCC 17-2595 MK691503.1
HQ232168.1
0.91 Sarcopodium circinatum CBS 587.92
0.90
Sarcopodium flavolanatum CBS 128370 MH876362.1
Sarcopodium circinosetiferum CBS 100251 HQ232170.1
Sarcopodium macalpinei CBS 115296 KM231647.1
Heimiodora verticillata CBS 201.60 MH869505.1
0.89
Pseudonectria foliicola CBS 123190 NG_058095.1
Pseudonectria rousseliana CBS 122566 JF937574.1
Pseudonectria rousseliana CBS 125483 MH875067.1
0.96
Pseudonectria buxi CBS 324.53 KM231644.1
Fusarium continuum CBS 140841 NG_067489.1
Fusarium zanthoxyli CBS 140838 MH878194.1
0.99
Fusarium lateritium var. longum CBS 178.31 MH866621.1
0.85
Fusarium xylarioides CBS 137.73 MH872349.1
Chlorocillium griseum CBS 387.73 MH872420.1
Fusarium sarcochroum CPC 28116 LT746260.1
Fusarium begoniae CBS 452.97 NG_069848.1
0.90
Fusarium circinatum CBS 405.97 NG_069843.1
Fusarium concentricum CBS 450.97 NG_069847.1
0.97
CPC 37957
CPC 37956 Fusarium juglandicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1283
0.96
CPC 37962
Fusarium aconidiale sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1282
0.98
Geejayessia zealandica CBS 111.93 NG_060389.1
Geejayessia celtidicola CBS 125502 NG_057867.1
Gliocephalotrichum mexicanum CBS 135948 MH877593.1
Ilyonectria radicicola CBS 264.65 KM515927.1
0.88
Ilyonectria panacis CBS 129079 MH876614.1
Ilyonectria coprosmae CBS 119606 KM515910.1
0.98
CBS 147179
Ilyonectria zarorii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1255
CBS 147180
Calonectria citri CBS 186.36 NG_069020.1
Calonectria leucothoes CBS 109166 NG_058778.1
Calonectria candelabra CBS 125939 MH875289.1
Calonectria pseudouxmalensis CBS 115677 MT359581.1
Calonectria tunisiana CBS 130356 MT359608.1
0.98
Calonectria uxmalensis CBS 110919 MT359612.1
Calonectria pini CBS 125523 MH875077.1
Calonectria pauciramosa CBS 125953 MH875296.1
Calonectria zuluensis CBS 125787 MH875226.1
Calonectria lauri CMW 23682 MT359496.1
Calonectria lauri CPC 34659
Calonectria penicilloides CBS 174.55 NG_070515.1
CPC 29620
CPC 29619
Calonectria californiensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1225
CPC 29621
CPC 29622
0.01
Overview Sordariomycetes (Falcocladiales, Glomerellales and Hypocreales) phylogeny (cont.) – part 3
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Nectriaceae
Hypocreales (continued)
Fungal Planet description sheets
334
Sporidesmiales
Diaporthales
Togniniales
Coniochaetales
Sordariales
Ramularia endophylla CBS 113265 AY490776.2
Pyricularia angulata P053 EU107297.1
Pyricularia oryzae SLSsh051 MN944845.1
Pyricularia pennisetigena S2 MH412641.1
Neopyricularia commelinicola CBS 128307 KM484984.1
Pyriculariaceae
Dactylaria higginsii CBS 665.79 DQ341512.1
Pseudopyricularia iraniana IRAN 2761CNG_060183.1
0.97
NG_059616.1
0.89
Pseudopyricularia hagahagae CPC 25635
0.98
Pseudopyricularia bothriochloae CBS 136427 NG_058051.1
0.97
Pseudopyricularia hyrcaniana Ck3 KY457267.1
Magnaporthaceae
Mycoleptodiscus coloratus CBS 720.95 DQ341499.1
Ophioceras leptosporum CBS 894.70 NG_057959.1
Ophioceras freycinetiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1182
Ophioceras chiangdaoense CMU 26633 NG_066356.1
0.87
Ophioceras aquaticus IFRDCC 3091 NG_067778.1
Ophioceraceae
Ophioceras commune BCC3328 DQ341503.1
NG_068627.1
Ophioceras submersum MFLUCC 18-0211
Ophioceras dolichostomum CMUVJ1 DQ341506.1
Ophioceras hongkongense HKUCC 3624 DQ341509.1
Sporidesmium pyriformatum MFLU 15-1155 NG_059722.1
0.91
Sporidesmium lageniforme MFLU 18-1594 NG_068645.1
Sporidesmium thailandense MFLUCC 15-0964 NG_059844.1
Ellisembia minigelatinosa NN47497 DQ408567.1
Sporidesmiaceae
Lylea dalbergiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1199
MH875566.1
Lylea tetracoila CBS 126412
Sporidesmium lignicola KUMCC 15-0266 NG_068646.1
Holocryphia capensis CBS 132869 MH878491.1
Holocryphia eucalypti CMW 7037 JQ862753.1
Holocryphia gleniana CBS 132873 MH878507.1
Holocryphia mzansi CBS 132874 MH878511.1
Cryphonectriaceae
Diversimorbus metrosideri CMW 37322 NG_070365.1
Corticimorbus sinomyrti CMW 44650 NG_060424.1
Cryptometrion aestuescens CBS 124014 MH874864.1
Cryphonectria parasitica CBS 245.54 MH868848.1
0.96
Immersiporthe knoxdaviesiana CBS 132862 MH878493.1
Phaeoacremonium vibratile CBS 117115 DQ649065.1
Phaeoacremonium adelophialidum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1266
Phaeoacremonium cinereum CBS 123909 NG_058134.1
Phaeoacremonium australiense CBS 113589 NG_069873.1
Togniniaceae
Phaeoacremonium rubrigenum CBS 498.94 NG_058136.1
0.86
Phaeoacremonium amygdalinum CBS 128570 NG_058133.1
Phaeoacremonium iranianum CBS 101357 NG_069856.1
Phaeoacremonium tuscanum 1PalEU863527.1
Phaeoacremonium viticola CBS 101738 NG_070606.1
Coniochaeta navarrae LTA3 KU762326.1
Coniochaeta taeniospora LTA1 KU762325.1
Coniochaeta hoffmannii CBS 245.38 MG491499.1
Coniochaeta discospora CBS 168.58 MH869278.1
Coniochaeta lignicola CBS 127652 MH876093.1
Coniochaetaceae
Coniochaeta mutabilis CBS 206.73 MH878308.1
MH878310.1
Coniochaeta velutina CBS 948.72
Coniochaeta angustispora CBS 871.73 MH872548.1
Coniochaeta salicifolia sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1233
Chaetomium fimeti CBS 168.71 FJ666358.1
Chaetomium floriforme MUCL 40181 AF286402.1
Chaetomium globosum MUT<ITA>:4942 KP671732.1
Corynascus verrucosus MUT<ITA>:4878 KP671733.1
Chaetomium jatrophae MMI00056 AB744229.1
Chaetomiaceae
0.94
Arcopilus cupreus MUCL 10178 AF286400.1
Arcopilus navicularis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1227
Crassicarpon thermophilum CBS 405.69 JQ067896.1
Thermothelomyces hinnuleus ATCC 52474 NG_069096.1
Boothiella tetraspora CBS 334.67 MH870684.1
Neurospora sitophila CBS 112.19 MH866192.1
Neurospora tetrasperma CBS 101191 MH877850.1
Sordaria brevicollis FGSC 1904 FR774288.1
Sordaria tomentoalba CBS 260.78 AY681161.1
Neurospora crassa CBS 259.47 MH867778.1
Neurospora intermedia CBS 131.92 AY681149.1
Sordaria prolifica CBS 567.72 AY681140.1
Sordaria conoidea CBS 563.72 MH872278.1
Sordariaceae
Neurospora calospora CBS 198.55 MH868987.1
Sordaria arctica CBS 143.68 MH870809.1
Sordaria humana CBS 416.82 MH873255.1
Sordaria equicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1207
Sordaria fimicola CBS 911.73 MH872555.1
Sordaria islandica CBS 512.77 MH872859.1
Sordaria lappae CBS 154.97 MH874251.1
Sordaria macrospora CBS 958.73 MH872563.1
Magnaporthales
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
0.01
Overview Sordariomycetes (Other orders) phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 229 502 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (79 sequences including outgroup; 813 aligned positions; 293 unique site patterns; 1 530 000 generations with trees sampled every 10 generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et
al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents
the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. Culture collection/voucher, GenBank accession
(in superscript) and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Ramularia endophylla (GenBank AY490776.2)
and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were
deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
335
2x
Ramularia endophylla CBS 113265 AY490776.2
Microdochium neoqueenslandicum CBS 108926 NG_058144.1
Microdochium tainanense CBS 269.76 NG_058146.1
Microdochium ratticaudae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1260
0.97
Microdochium dawsoniorum BRIP 67439
Microdochiaceae
Microdochium citrinidiscum CBS 109067 NG_058145.1
0.99
Microdochium seminicola CBS 139951 NG_064293.1
Microdochium albescens CBS 290.79 KP858950.1
Coniocessia cruciformis CBS 125769 NG_069937.1
Coniocessia maxima CBS 593.74 NG_070051.1
Coniocessiaceae
Coniocessia minima CBS 125765 MH875214.1
MH875664.1
Coniocessia nodulisporioides CBS 126675
Cryptosphaeria subcutanea CBS 240.87 NG_058925.1
Cryptosphaeria ligniota CBS 273.87 NG_058926.1
0.92
0.94
Cryptosphaeria multicontinentalis OREG100 KT425253.1
0.95
Diatrype disciformis AFTOL-ID 927 DQ470964.1
Diatrype dalbergiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1198
Diatrype palmicola MFLUCC 11-0018 KP744481.1
Diatrypaceae
Diatrypella banksiae CPC 29118 NG_066375.1
Eutypella parasitica CBS 210.39 NG_063984.1
0.85
Diatrypella japonica LL547 MT385137.1
Eutypa quercicola CBS 220.87 MH873756.1
Eutypella virescens CBS 205.36 MH867286.1
Eutypa flavovirens CBS 171.77 MH872814.1
Eutypa lata CBS 208.87 MH873755.1
Beltraniella portoricensis CBS 856.70 MH871777.1
Beltraniella pseudoportoricensis CBS 145547 NG_067875.1
Beltraniaceae
Beltraniella humicola CBS 203.64 MH870044.1
Beltraniella thailandica MFLUCC 16-0377 NG_068824.1
Castanediella eucalypti CBS 139897 NG_067292.1
0.97
Castanediella eucalypticola CBS 141317 NG_067309.1
Synnemadiella eucalypti CPC 27637 NG_067321.1
Castanediella acaciae CBS 139896 NG_067293.1
Castanediella ambae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1230
Castanediella senegaliae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1193
0.97
Castanediella couratarii CBS 579.71 NG_066249.1
Castanediella monoseptata MRC 3-1 MH806357.1
Castanediellaceae
Gyrothrix verticiclada MUCL 40992 KC775723.1
Castanediella malaysiana CPC 24918 NG_067312.1
0.94
Castanediella cagnizarii CBS 542.96 NG_067441.1
Castanediella tereticornis CBS 145068 NG_068600.1
0.87
Castanediella cagnizarii CBS 101043 KP858988.1
0.92
Castanediella cagnizarii MUCL 41095 KC775707.1
Neophysalospora eucalypti CBS 138864 NG_058123.1
0.98
Paraphysalospora eucalypti CBS 143177 NG_058508.1
Bagadiella victoriae CPC 17688 JF951161.1 Clypeophysalosporaceae
Bagadiella eucalypti CBS 143439 NG_058717.1
Bagadiella koalae CBS 129523 NG_070001.1
Bagadiella lunata CBS 124762 NG_058637.1
Seiridium marginatum CBS 140403 NG_064297.1
Seiridium rosarum MFLUCC 17-0654 MG829072.1
Millesimomyces rhoicissi CPC 35297 NG_068672.1
Nothoseiridium podocarpi CPC 36967 MT373346.1
Seiridium cancrinum IMI 052256 NG_069581.1
Seiridium phylicae CPC 19962 NG_042759.1
Seiridium podocarpi CBS 137995 NG_067488.1
Sporocadaceae
Seiridium pseudocardinale CBS 122613 MH554206.1
MH868398.1
Seiridium unicorne CBS 320.51
CPC 38822
Seiridium syzygii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1215
CPC 39149
Xylariales
Fungal Planet description sheets
Seiridium cardinale CBS 172.56 MH869107.1
Seiridium neocupressi CBS 142625 MH554329.1
Seiridium spyridicola KUMCC 16-0115 MN848234.1
0.01
Overview Sordariomycetes (Xylariales) phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 118 502 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (63 sequences including outgroup; 800 aligned positions; 192 unique site patterns; 790 000 generations with trees sampled every 10 generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et al.
2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the
expected changes per site. Families and the order are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. Culture collection/voucher, GenBank accession
(in superscript) and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Ramularia endophylla (GenBank AY490776.2)
and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The most basal branched was
halved in length to facilitate layout. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
336
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Ophioceras freycinetiae
337
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1182 – 13 July 2021
Ophioceras freycinetiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Freycinetia from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Ophioceraceae, Magnaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate,
1.5–2 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells that are aggregated in clusters, forming a slimy
sporodochial mass on the agar surface. Conidiogenous cells
hyaline, smooth, elongated, ampulliform, straight to curved, phialidic with well-developed apical collarette, 10–20 × 2–3 µm. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, aseptate, subcylindrical, falcate,
apex subobtuse, base truncate, (8–)10–12(–13) × 1–1.5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with sparse
to moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface dirty white,
reverse buff; on PDA surface and reverse olivaceous grey; on
OA surface dirty white.
Typus. New ZealaNd, Manukau Domain, from leaf spots of Freycinetia
banksii (Pandanaceae), 19 Mar. 2019, C. Inglis (holotype CBS H-24412,
culture ex-type CPC 38508 = T19_02806E = CBS 146781, ITS, LSU, tef1 (first
part) and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064408.1, MZ064465.1, MZ078219.1
and MZ078256.1, MycoBank MB 839493).
Notes — Ophioceras has globose to elongated-globose
ascomata, cylindrical, 8-spored asci, and filiform, narrowly fusoid to cylindrical, septate ascospores (Tsui et al. 2001, Crous
et al. 2021). Ophioceras freycinetiae is the first asexual morph
linked to the genus. It is closely related to O. chiangdaoense
and O. leptosporum, which are known only from their sexual
morphs, thus precluding a morphological comparison.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Pestalotiopsis mangifolia (voucher INBio:612E,
GenBank KU204609.1; Identities = 519/546 (95 %), five gaps
(0 %)), Ophioceras sp. (strain F2020, GenBank KU747855.1;
Identities = 465/490 (95 %), five gaps (1 %)) and Microcera
larvarum (voucher INBio:658D, GenBank KU204629.1; Identities = 475/504 (94 %), six gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Ophioceras chiangdaoense (strain CMU
26633, GenBank NG_066356.1; Identities = 827/843 (98 %),
two gaps (0 %)), Ophioceras leptosporum (strain CBS 894.70,
GenBank NG_057959.1; Identities = 825/846 (98 %), two gaps
(0 %)) and Ophioceras commune (strain BCC3328, GenBank
DQ341503.1; Identities = 785/848 (93 %), six gaps (0 %)). No
significant hits were obtained when the tef1 and tub2 sequences
were used in blastn and megablast searches.
Colour illustrations. Freycinetia banksii. Conidiogenous cells giving rise
to conidia on SNA; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries,
P.O. Box 2095, Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: thangavel.raja@mpi.govt.nz
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
338
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Mollisia asteliae
& Flexuomyces asteliae
339
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1183 & 1184 – 13 July 2021
Mollisia asteliae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Astelia from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Mollisiaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Apothecia scattered, sessile with central subiculum, cupshaped, becoming disc-shaped at maturity, outline entire, buff,
outer surface buff to honey, 500–800 µm diam. Ectal excipulum
at base of textura globosa, 200–300 µm diam near base, composed on globose to subglobose brown cells, 7–11 µm diam.
Paraphyses cylindrical with rounded ends, at times slightly
swollen, septate, branched below, thin-walled, 3 – 4 µm diam,
with large refractive vacuole bodies, similar in length to asci.
Asci cylindrical-clavate, stipitate, 8-spored, 45 – 52 × 5 –7 µm,
pore amyloid in Melzer’s reagent. Ascospores biseriate to
obliquely uniseriate, (7–)10 –12(–13) × (2 –)2.5 – 3(– 3.5) µm,
fusoid-ellipsoid to oblong, apices rounded, slightly curved to
straight, aseptate, thin-walled, guttulate, some ascospores in
water showing remnants of mucoid sheath in central region,
disappearing at maturity.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and lobate, smooth margin, covering
dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA and PDA surface hazel,
reverse fuscous black; on OA surface rosy buff.
Typus. New ZealaNd, Auckland, Taunton Terrace, from leaf spots of Astelia
chathamica (Asteliaceae), 14 Mar. 2019, C. Inglis (holotype CBS H-24415,
culture ex-type CPC 38521 = T19_02324D = CBS 146780, ITS, LSU, tef1
(second part) and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064417.1, MZ064474.1,
MZ078248.1 and MZ078261.1, MycoBank MB 839494).
Notes — Mollisia asteliae is related to M. panicicola, which
was described as an asexual morph, Acidomelania panicicola
(Walsh et al. 2014), later included in Mollisia by Tanney & Seifert
(2020). It is morphologically and phylogenetically distinct from
species presently accepted in the genus (Tanney & Seifert
2020).
(notes Mollisia asteliae continues on
Supplementary material page FP1183 & 1184)
Flexuomyces Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the flexuous nature of its conidia.
Classification — Tympanidaceae, Leotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Conidiomata convex with a short stipe arising from a basal
stroma of brown textura epidermoidea; stipe short, of brown,
parallel cylindrical cells, fanning outward towards umbrella-like
apex, which is pale brown, giving rise to cylindrical, hyaline
conidiogenous cells that taper at apex; conidiomata brown,
sessile with a crystalline mucoid conidial mass; wall of several
layers of brown textura epidermoidea. Conidiophores septate,
cylindrical, tightly aggregated; on inner plane forming a layer of
phialidic conidiogenous cells, hyaline, smooth. Conidia single,
hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical to acicular, multi-septate, guttulate, apex subobtuse, base truncate, conidia spirally twisted
in middle with apical and basal part in different planes, widest
at basal septum, tapering to truncate hilum.
Type species. Flexuomyces asteliae Crous
MycoBank MB 839495.
Flexuomyces asteliae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Astelia from which it was
isolated.
Conidiomata convex with a short stipe arising from a basal
stroma of brown textura epidermoidea; stipe short, of brown,
parallel cylindrical cells, fanning outward towards umbrella-like
apex, which is pale brown, giving rise to cylindrical, hyaline
conidiogenous cells that taper at apex; conidiomata brown,
200 – 400 µm diam, sessile with a crystalline mucoid conidial
mass; wall of several layers of brown textura epidermoidea.
Conidiophores septate, cylindrical, tightly aggregated, up to
40 µm tall, 2 – 3 µm diam; on inner plane forming a layer of
phialidic conidiogenous cells, hyaline, smooth, 4 –7 × 2 µm.
Conidia single, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical to acicular,
3–8-septate, guttulate, apex subobtuse, base truncate, conidia
spirally twisted in middle with apical and basal part in different
planes, 60 –100 × 1.5 – 2 µm, widest at basal septum, tapering
to truncate hilum, 1 µm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, even
margin, reaching 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C on MEA, but
covering dish on PDA and OA. On MEA surface and reverse
umber; on PDA surface and reverse chestnut; on OA surface
umber with patches of buff.
Typus. New ZealaNd, Auckland, Taunton Terrace, from leaf spots of Astelia
chathamica (Asteliaceae), 14 Mar. 2019, C. Inglis (holotype CBS H-24416,
culture ex-type CPC 38522 = T19_02324E = CBS 146786, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MZ064409.1 and MZ064466.1, MycoBank MB 839496).
Notes — Flexuomyces is related to hyphomycetous genera
such as Pallidophorina, Variabilispora (Bien et al. 2020) and
Vandijckella (Crous et al. 2017). It can easily be distinguished
from those genera by its convex conidiomata with a short stipe,
and multiseptate, spirally twisted conidia.
(notes Flexuomyces asteliae continues on
Supplementary material page FP1183 & 1184)
Colour illustrations. Auckland, Taunton Terrace. Left column: Mollisia
asteliae. Apothecia on OA; ectal excipulum; asci and paraphyses; asci and
ascospores; ascospores. Right column: Flexuomyces asteliae. Conidiomata
in vitro; conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 300
µm (sporocarps), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095,
Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: thangavel.raja@mpi.govt.nz
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
340
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Amorocoelophoma neoregeliae
& Cadophora neoregeliae
341
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1185 & 1186 – 13 July 2021
Amorocoelophoma neoregeliae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Neoregelia from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Amorosiaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata solitary, erumpent, globose, pycnidial, brown with
central ostiole, 200 – 350 µm diam; wall of 6 – 8 layers of brown
textura angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity, reduced
to conidiogenous cells or with a supporting cell, branched
at base, hyaline, smooth, 7–15 × 2 – 3 µm. Conidiogenous
cells hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical with apical taper, 7–12 ×
2 – 2.5 µm, phialidic with periclinal thickening. Conidia solitary,
hyaline, smooth, guttulate, straight, subcylindrical, apex obtuse,
base bluntly rounded, (3 –)3.5 – 4.5(– 5) × (1.5–)2(– 2.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface olivaceous
grey, reverse isabelline; on PDA surface and reverse olivaceous
grey; on OA surface olivaceous grey.
Typus. New ZealaNd, Tauranga port, from leaf spots of Neoregelia sp.
(Bromeliaceae), 22 Aug. 2019, D. Brunt (holotype CBS H-24438, culture
ex-type CPC 38740 = T19_05712A = CBS 146820, ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tef1
(second part) sequences GenBank MZ064410.1, MZ064467.1, MZ078193.1
and MZ078247.1, MycoBank MB 839497).
Notes — Amorocoelophoma neoregeliae is related to A. cassiae, but distinct in that the latter has longer conidia (9 –11 ×
2 – 3 μm) (Jayasiri et al. 2019).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Hermatomyces sp. 1-2018 (strain KZP352, GenBank LS398262.1; Identities = 671/776 (86 %), 32 gaps (4 %)),
Acrocalymma vagum (strain 0101-2, GenBank MN540314.1;
Identities = 651/778 (84 %), 38 gaps (4 %)) and Alfoldia vorosii (strain CBS 145501, GenBank NR_171211.1; Identities =
396/409 (97 %), four gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU
sequence are Amorocoelophoma cassiae (strain MFLUCC
17-2283, GenBank NG_066307.1; Identities = 871/877 (99 %),
one gap (0 %)), Alfoldia vorosii (strain CBS 145501, GenBank
NG_068885.1; Identities = 869/877 (99 %), no gaps) and Angustimassarina populi (strain MFLUCC 17-1069, GenBank
MF409166.1; Identities = 861/878 (98 %), two gaps (0 %)).
Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Opegrapha varia (voucher KAG981017-42, GenBank
AY485628.1; Identities = 833/921 (90 %), one gap (0 %)), Amorocoelophoma cassiae (strain MFLUCC 17-2283, GenBank
MK434894.1; Identities = 810/908 (89 %), three gaps (0 %)) and
Angustimassarina rosarum (strain MFLUCC 17-2155, GenBank
MT394678.1; Identities = 725 /823 (88 %), no gaps). Closest
hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Alfoldia
vorosii (strain REF117, GenBank MK599321.1; Identities =
874/907 (96 %), no gaps), Pseudohelminthosporium clematidis
(strain MFLUCC 17-2086, GenBank MT394627.1; Identities
= 833 /868 (96 %), no gaps) and Amorocoelophoma cassiae
(strain MFLUCC 17-2283, GenBank MK360041.1; Identities =
868 /907 (96 %), no gaps).
Cadophora neoregeliae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Neoregelia from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Ploettnerulaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, septate, branched,
2 – 3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth, erect,
penicillate (at times reduced to solitary phialides on hyphae),
branched or not, with clusters of conidiogenous cells, terminal
and intercalary, 30–90 × 2–3 µm, 2–7-septate. Conidiogenous
cells hyaline, smooth, curved, phialidic, 7–15 × 2.5 – 3 µm, with
visible periclinal thickening, arranged in rosettes of up to seven
per conidiophore, mostly terminal. Conidia solitary, aseptate,
globose, guttulate to granular, smooth, hyaline, 2.5–4 µm diam.
Chlamydospores rare, terminal on hyphae, ellipsoid to subglobose, brown, smooth, guttulate, 8 –12 × 6– 8 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
and reverse brown vinaceous.
Colour illustrations. Neoregelia sp. Left column: Amorocoelophoma
neoregeliae. Conidiomata on PDA; conidioma with ostiole; conidiogenous
cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Right column: Cadophora neoregeliae.
Colony sporulating on OA; conidiogenous cells; chlamydospore; conidiophore
giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Typus. New ZealaNd, Tauranga port, from leaf spots of Neoregelia sp.
(Bromeliaceae), 22 Aug. 2019, D. Brunt (holotype CBS H-24439, culture
ex-type CPC 38741 = T19_05712B = CBS 146821, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MZ064411.1 and MZ064468.1, MycoBank MB 839498).
Notes — Species of Cadophora (dematiaceous hyphomycetes with monophialidic conidiophores with distinct flaskshaped, hyaline collarettes, and aseptate conidia) are commonly isolated from soil, but are also known as plant pathogens or
saprobes (Bien & Damm 2020, Crous et al. 2020b). Cadophora
neoregeliae is distinguished from other species known in the
genus by its globose conidia, 2.5 – 4 µm diam, and the production of chlamydospores in culture.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Cadophora fastigiata (strain CBS 869.69,
GenBank MH859469.1; Identities = 554/569 (97 %), no gaps),
Phialophora dancoi (strain IFM 50357, GenBank AB190869.1;
Identities = 551/566 (97 %), no gaps) and Cadophora malorum (strain NW-FVA5175, GenBank MT561395.1; Identities =
563/579 (97 %), one gap (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU
sequence are Mollisia cinerella (strain CBS 312.61, GenBank
MH869631.1; Identities = 860/864 (99 %), no gaps), Cadophora
bubakii (as Phialophora bubakii; strain CBS 198.30, GenBank
MH866559.1; Identities = 860/864 (99 %), no gaps) and Cadophora melinii (strain CBS 120273, GenBank MH874636.1;
Identities = 859 /864 (99 %), no gaps).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095,
Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: thangavel.raja@mpi.govt.nz
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
342
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Septoriella callistemonis
343
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1187 – 13 July 2021
Septoriella callistemonis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Callistemon from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata immersed, globose, brown, pycnidial, 250–350 µm
diam, with central ostiole; wall of 6 – 8 layers of brown textura
angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining
the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, phialidic, at times sympodial,
5 –10 × 3 – 4 µm. Conidia solitary, subcylindrical, variously
curved to straight, apex obtuse, base truncate, brown, smooth,
guttulate, (3 –)7-septate, (35 –)52 – 65(– 67) × 3 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, covering dish
after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface and reverse
olivaceous grey.
Typus. New ZealaNd, Tauranga port, from leaf spots of Callistemon sp.
(Myrtaceae), 22 Aug. 2019, C. Inglis (holotype CBS H-24441, culture ex-type
CPC 38761 = T19_05745B = CBS 146822, ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1 (first part)
and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064412.1, MZ064469.1, MZ078194.1,
MZ078220.1 and MZ078257.1, MycoBank MB 839499).
Notes — Species of Septoriella are mostly saprobic or weakly aggressive pathogens of grasses, and thus the occurrence
of S. callistemonis (on Callistemon) is surprizing. It is related
to several known species (Crous et al. 2019b, Marin-Felix et
al. 2019a) from which it can be distinguished based on conidial
dimensions and septation.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Phaeosphaeria typharum (strain CBS 305.71,
GenBank KY090643.1; Identities = 582/593 (98 %), two gaps
(0 %)), Septoriella allojunci (strain MFLUCC 15-0701, GenBank
KU058718.1; Identities = 577/590 (98 %), two gaps (0 %))
and Phaeosphaeria eustoma (strain CBS 337.86, GenBank
AJ496629.1; Identities = 568/581 (98 %), two gaps (0 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Septoriella oudemansii (strain CBS 138012, GenBank MH878140.1; Identities
= 801/803 (99 %), no gaps), Phaeosphaeria fuckelii (strain CBS
388.86, GenBank MH873665.1; Identities = 801/ 803 (99 %),
no gaps) and Loratospora luzulae (strain MFLUCC 14-0826,
GenBank NG_069310.1; Identities = 800/803 (99 %), no gaps).
Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity
to Septoriella tridentina (strain MFLUCC 15-0474, GenBank
KX891170.1; Identities = 835 /893 (94 %), one gap (0 %)),
Phaeosphaeria ammophilae (strain CBS 114595, GenBank
GU371724.1; Identities = 814 /876 (93 %), one gap (0 %))
and Dactylidina dactylidis (strain MFLUCC 14-0966, GenBank
MG829253.1; Identities = 834 / 908 (92 %), one gap (0 %)).
Closest hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to
Septoriella pseudophragmitis (strain CBS 145417, GenBank
MK559452.1; Identities = 381/418 (91 %), 22 gaps (5 %)), Septoriella hollandica (strain CBS 145374, GenBank MK540160.1;
Identities = 371/422 (88 %), 19 gaps (4 %)) and Septoriella germanica (strain CBS 145372, GenBank MK540159.1; Identities
= 363 /415 (87 %), 20 gaps (4 %)). Closest hits using the tub2
sequence had highest similarity to Septoriella pseudophragmitis (strain CBS 145417, GenBank MK559451.1; Identities =
309 /324 (95 %), one gap (0 %)), Septoriella hollandica (strain
CBS 145374, GenBank MK540175.1; Identities = 300 /319
(94 %), one gap (0 %)) and Alternaria eryngii (strain EGS 41005, GenBank JQ672007.1; Identities = 295 /328 (90 %), five
gaps (1 %)).
Colour illustrations. Callistemon sp. Conidiogenous cells giving rise to
conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095,
Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: thangavel.raja@mpi.govt.nz
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
344
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Phaeosphaeria caricis-sectae
345
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1188 – 13 July 2021
Phaeosphaeria caricis-sectae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host Carex secta, which is indigenous to
New Zealand.
Classification — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary, immersed in agar, globose,
brown to dark brown, pycnidial with central ostiole, 250–350 µm
diam; wall of 6 – 8 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, doliiform to globose, holoblastic, 4 – 8 ×
5 –7 µm. Conidia solitary, subcylindrical, variously curved,
apex obtuse, base truncate, guttulate, medium brown, smooth,
(1–)3(– 4)-septate, (20–)25 – 30(– 36) × (2–)2.5 – 3 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and lobate, even margin, reaching
45 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA and PDA surface
honey, reverse isabelline; on OA surface buff.
Typus. New ZealaNd, Auckland Airport, from leaf spots of Carex secta
(Cyperaceae), 27 Aug. 2019, C. Inglis (holotype CBS H-24442, culture extype CPC 38771 = T19_05742B = CBS 146823, ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1 (first
part) and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064413.1, MZ064470.1, MZ078195.1,
MZ078221.1 and MZ078258.1, MycoBank MB 839500).
Notes — Phaeosphaeria (based on P. oryzae) has Phaeoseptoria asexual morphs (Quaedvlieg et al. 2013). Several species of Phaeosphaeria occurring on Carex mainly from Europe
and North America were treated by Shoemaker & Babcock
(1989), but these are all known from their sexual morphs, making
it impossible to make a morphological comparison with the
asexual P. caricis-sectae, which occurs on Carex secta, a host
endemic to New Zealand. Three species of Phaeoseptoria are
known from Carex, namely P. caricis (conidia 70 – 80 × 7 µm,
7–10-septate), P. caricicola (conidia 35 – 55 × 4 µm, 7-septate)
and P. festucae (conidia 50 – 85 × 2.8 – 4.8 µm, 8 –11-septate
(Erdoğdu & Özbek 2017), which are clearly distinct from P. caricissectae.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Phaeosphaeria sinensis (strain MFLUCC 18-1552,
GenBank NR_163350.1; Identities = 462/482 (96 %), one
gap (0 %)), Phaeosphaeria oryzae (strain 9Y-G19a, GenBank
MT131346.1; Identities = 496/518 (96 %), six gaps (1 %))
and Hendersonia sabaleos (strain CBS 889.68, GenBank
MH859244.1; Identities = 518 /541 (96 %), four gaps (0 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Phaeosphaeria
sinensis (strain MFLUCC 18-1552, GenBank NG_070076.1;
Identities = 840/844 (99 %), no gaps), Phaeosphaeria oryzae
(strain CBS 110110, GenBank NG_069025.1; Identities = 840 /
844 (99 %), no gaps) and Phaeosphaeria musae (strain CBS
120026, GenBank DQ885894.1; Identities = 840/844 (99 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest
similarity to Parastagonospora nodorum (strain UTHSC DI16240, GenBank LT797006.1; Identities = 831/ 902 (92 %), no
gaps), Didymocyrtis cladoniicola (strain UTHSC DI16-313,
GenBank LT797037.1; Identities = 808 /931 (87 %), six gaps
(0 %)) and Phaeosphaeria oryzae (strain MFLUCC 11-0170,
GenBank KM434306.1; Identities = 627/ 679 (92 %), no gaps).
No significant hits were obtained when the tef1 sequence was
used in blastn and megablast searches. Closest hits using
the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to Neosulcatispora
strelitziae (strain CPC 25657, GenBank KX228380.1; Identities = 434/476 (91 %), 14 gaps (2 %)), Phaeosphaeria podocarpi (strain CBS 138903, GenBank KP004508.1; Identities
= 429/481 (89 %), 18 gaps (3 %)) and Paraphoma vinacea
(strain UMPV001, GenBank KU176892.1; Identities = 284/320
(89 %), six gaps (1 %)).
Supplementary material
Colour illustrations. Carex secta. Conidioma on PDA; conidiogenous cells
giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 300 µm (conidioma), 10 µm (all
others).
FP1188 Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) obtained from the
maximum likelihood analysis with IQ-TREE v. 1.6.12 (Nguyen et al. 2015,
Kalyaanamoorthy et al. 2017, Hoang et al. 2018) of the Phaeosphaeriaceae
multigene (ITS / LSU) nucleotide alignment derived from that of Tennakoon et
al. (2020). Bootstrap support values (> 69 % shown; only values > 94 % are
significant) from 5 000 ultrafast bootstrap replicates are shown at the nodes.
GenBank accession (superscript; only those not listed in Tennakoon et al.
2020 are shown) and/or culture collection/voucher numbers are indicated
for all species. The tree was rooted to Leptosphaeria doliolum (culture CBS
505.75) and the species described here is highlighted with a coloured block
and bold face. Alignment statistics: 58 strains including the outgroup; 1 479
characters including alignment gaps analysed: 556 distinct patterns, 319
parsimony-informative, 92 singleton sites, 1 068 constant sites. The best
models identified in IQ-TREE were: TIM2+F+I+G4 (ITS), K2P+I+G4 (LSU).
The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095,
Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: thangavel.raja@mpi.govt.nz
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
346
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Cladophialophora behniae
Fungal Planet description sheets
347
Fungal Planet 1189 – 13 July 2021
Cladophialophora behniae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Behnia from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriales, Eurotiomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, branched, septate,
1.5 – 2 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores dimorphic, reduced to
conidiogenous loci on hyphae, 2 –10 × 1.5 – 2 µm, or macronematous, erect, flexuous, pale brown, smooth, subcylindrical,
branched or not, up to 100 µm tall, 1.5 – 3 µm diam. Conidiogenous cells terminal or intercalary, subcylindrical, pale brown,
smooth, 10–30 × 2–3 µm; 1–2 loci apical, not thickened, slightly darkened, 1–1.5 µm diam. Ramoconidia subcylindrical, 0–4septate, 15 – 28 × 2 – 2.5 µm; Conidia occurring in branched
chains, subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, guttulate, 0–1-septate, (11–)13 –15(–17) × 2 – 2.5 µm; hila slightly darkened, not
thickened, 1–1.5 µm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
13 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey.
Typus. South africa, Northern Province, Tzaneen, Buffelskloof Nature
Reserve, on leaves of Behnia sp. (Asparagaceae), 11 July 2019, P.W.
Crous, HPC 3156 (holotype CBS H-24233, culture ex-type CPC 38914 =
CBS 146975, ITS, LSU, rpb1, tef1 (first part) and tub2 sequences GenBank
MZ064414.1, MZ064471.1, MZ078187.1, MZ078222.1 and MZ078259.1,
MycoBank MB 839501).
Notes — Cladophialophora is characterised by aseptate,
ellipsoidal to fusoid conidia arising through blastic, acropetal
conidiogenesis, and arranged in branched chains (Badali et
al. 2008). The conidial scars are thickened and darkened, but
not refractive. Cladophialophora behniae is related to C. scillae (CBS 116461, on Scilla peruviana, New Zealand, conidia
(5 –)10 – 20(– 35) × 1.5 – 3 μm, 0 –1(–3)-septate; Crous et al.
2007d) but can be distinguished from the latter species based
on conidium morphology.
Based on a blastn search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Cladophialophora scillae (strain CBS 116461, GenBank EU035412.1; Identities = 471/476 (99 %), no gaps), Cladophialophora hostae (strain CPC 10737, GenBank EU035407.1;
Identities = 462/477 (97 %), one gap (0 %)) and ‘Exophiala’
eucalyptorum (strain CBS 121638, GenBank MH863133.1;
Identities = 422/499 (85 %), 28 gaps (5 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Cladophialophora scillae (strain
CBS 116461, GenBank EU035412.1; Identities = 881/ 881
(100 %), no gaps), Cladophialophora hostae (strain CPC 10737,
GenBank EU035407.1; Identities = 876 / 881 (99 %), no
gaps) and Exophiala pisciphila (strain AFTOL-ID 669, GenBank DQ823101.1; Identities = 823 /887 (93 %), seven gaps
(0 %)). Closest hits using the rpb1 sequence had highest
similarity to Cladophialophora scillae (strain CBS 116461,
GenBank KJ636045.1; Identities = 620/632 (98 %), no gaps),
and Capronia semiimmersa (strain MUCL 39979, GenBank
JN989449.1; Identities = 200/252 (79 %), eight gaps (3 %)).
No significant hits were obtained when the tef1 sequence was
used in blastn and megablast searches. Distant hits obtained
using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to Cyphellophora olivacea (strain CBS 123.74, GenBank KC455231.1;
Identities = 345/446 (77 %), 25 gaps (5 %)), Phialophora americana (strain UAMH 10874, GenBank EU514706.1; Identities
= 343/443 (77 %), 26 gaps (5 %)) and Exophiala polymorpha
(as Exophiala sp. SD-2014; strain UTHSC DI14-255, GenBank
LN794351.1; Identities = 266/330 (81 %), 21 gaps (6 %)).
Colour illustrations. Buffelskloof Nature Reserve. Leaves of Behnia sp.;
conidia arranged in branched chains; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
348
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Colletotrichum cliviigenum
349
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1190 – 13 July 2021
Colletotrichum cliviigenum Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Clivia from which it was isolated.
Classification — Glomerellaceae, Glomerellales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata acervular, erumpent, brown, 200 – 300 µm diam.
Conidiophores arising from a basal stroma, hyaline, smooth,
branched, subcylindrical, 2 – 6-septate, 60 –120 × 6 – 9 µm.
Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, hyaline, smooth,
subcylindrical, phialidic, proliferating percurrently, 15 – 35 ×
5 – 8 µm. Conidia solitary, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, guttulate,
subcylindrical, apex obtuse, tapering at base toward truncate
hilum, 2 µm diam, (18–)22–26(–30) × (6–)7–8 µm. Setae and
appressoria not seen.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, even margin, covering
dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface buff to
honey, reverse buff.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Buffelskloof Nature
Reserve, on leaves of Clivia sp. (Amaryllidaceae), Nov. 2018, P.W. Crous,
HPC 3158 (holotype CBS H-24444, culture ex-type CPC 38800 = CBS
146825, ITS, LSU, actA, chs-1, gapdh, his3 and tub2 sequences GenBank
MZ064415.1, MZ064472.1, MZ078143.1, MZ078161.1, MZ078178.1,
MZ078180.1 and MZ078260.1, MycoBank MB 839502).
Notes — Colletotrichum cliviigenum is accommodated in the
C. boninense species complex (Damm et al. 2012b). Several
species are known from Clivia, namely C. cliviae (conidia 23–28
× 5–7 μm, the Netherlands), C. cliviicola (conidia (11–)15.5–
20.5(–26.5) × (4–)5.5–6.5(–7) μm, China), and C. himantophylli
(conidia 14–24 × 4–4.5 μm, Czech Republic) (Damm et al.
2019). Colletotrichum cliviigenum can be distinguished from
those species in having larger conidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Colletotrichum boninense (strain ICMP 17904,
GenBank NR_165949.1; Identities = 588/593 (99 %), no
gap), Colletotrichum oncidii (strain CBS 130242, GenBank
MH865629.1; Identities = 588/593 (99 %), one gap (0 %)) and
Colletotrichum cymbidiicola (strain JL-3, GenBank KX058529.1;
Identities = 585 /590 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Colletotrichum karsti (strain CBS 130641,
GenBank MH877253.1; Identities = 838/839 (99 %), no gaps),
Colletotrichum boninense (strain CBS 130235, GenBank
MH877209.1; Identities = 838/839 (99 %), no gaps) and Colletotrichum novae-zelandiae (strain CBS 130240, GenBank
MH877051.1; Identities = 838 /839 (99 %), no gaps). Closest
hits using the actA sequence had highest similarity to Colletotrichum beeveri (strain CBS 128527, GenBank JQ005519.1; Identities = 259 /267 (97 %), no gaps), Colletotrichum brassicicola
(strain CD015-1, GenBank KC859967.1; Identities = 258 /267
(97 %), no gaps) and Colletotrichum colombiense (strain CBS
129818, GenBank JQ005522.1; Identities = 258 /267 (97 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the chs-1 sequence had highest similarity to Colletotrichum boninense (strain SJSH-Z43,
GenBank MK992714.1; Identities = 271/273 (99 %), no gaps),
Colletotrichum philodendricola (nom. inval.) (strain LZJZ1,
GenBank MH105265.1; Identities = 271/273 (99 %), no gaps)
and Colletotrichum torulosum (strain CBS 102667, GenBank
JQ005339.1; Identities = 270/273 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits
using the gapdh sequence had highest similarity to Colletotrichum boninense (voucher HGUP HL8, GenBank MN542219.1;
Identities = 532 /547 (97 %), one gap (0 %)), Colletotrichum
karsti (strain CkaCkLH20_04883, GenBank XM_038887602.1;
Identities = 310/319 (97 %), no gaps) and Colletotrichum
aotearoa (strain BRIP 62670, GenBank KU221340.1; Identities =
318/337 (94 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the his3 sequence
had highest similarity to Colletotrichum boninense (strain
HJH-3, GenBank MH370543.1; Identities = 376 /393 (96 %),
five gaps (1 %)), Colletotrichum cymbidiicola (strain CBS
128543, GenBank JQ005428.1; Identities = 373/390 (96 %),
five gaps (1 %)) and Colletotrichum pseudoboninense (nom.
inval.) (strain LZJZ5, GenBank MK796580.1; Identities =
374/392 (95 %), five gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the tub2
sequence had highest similarity to Colletotrichum cymbidiicola
(strain HTL126, GenBank MH305540.1; Identities = 676 /696
(97 %), no gaps), Colletotrichum boninense (strain LF644,
GenBank KJ955336.1; Identities = 688 /709 (97 %), no gaps)
and Colletotrichum philodendricola (nom. inval.) (strain LZJZ1,
GenBank MH105277.1; Identities = 684/708 (97 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaf of Clivia sp. Conidiomata on OA;
conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 300 µm
(conidiomata), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
350
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Aquilomyces metrosideri
351
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1191 – 13 July 2021
Aquilomyces metrosideri Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Metrosideros from which it
was isolated.
Classification — Morosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata solitary, brown, globose to pyriform, 150–200 µm
diam, with central ostiole; wall of 6 – 8 layers of brown textura
angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity, reduced to
conidiogenous cells or a supporting cell, branched at base, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, 10 –15 × 3 – 4 µm. Conidiogenous
cells terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth,
phialidic, 7–10 × 2.5–3.5 µm. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth,
aseptate, subcylindrical with obtuse apex and truncate hilum,
(3 –)4(– 5) × 1.5– 2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and lobate, smooth margin, reaching
50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey.
Typus. New ZealaNd, Devonport, Lake Road, from stem and internal discolouration of Metrosideros sp. (Myrtaceae), 4 Oct. 2019, K. Hofer (holotype
CBS H-24414, culture ex-type CPC 38517 = T19_034621 = CBS 146782,
ITS, LSU, actA and cmdA sequences GenBank MZ064416.1, MZ064473.1,
MZ078144.1 and MZ078162.1, MycoBank MB 839503).
Notes — Aquilomyces metrosideri is related to the sterile
endophyte A. patris (CBS 135661; Knapp et al. 2015). Aquilomyces is known to have a massarina-like sexual morph (Tanaka
et al. 2015).
Based on a blastn search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Aquilomyces patris (strain CBS 135661, GenBank
NR_137961.1; Identities = 472/569 (83 %), 44 gaps (7 %)),
Aquilomyces rebunensis (voucher HHUF 27556, GenBank
NR_154664.1; Identities = 369/402 (92 %), five gaps (1 %)) and
Clypeoloculus towadaensis (voucher HHUF 30145, GenBank
NR_153865.1; Identities = 438/515 (85 %), 22 gaps (4 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Clypeoloculus towadaensis (strain HHUF 30145, GenBank NG_058722.1; Identities = 785/793 (99 %), no gaps), Aquilomyces patris (strain CBS
135661, GenBank NG_057057.1; Identities = 820/833 (98 %),
four gaps (0 %)) and Clypeoloculus microsporus (strain HHUF
30143, GenBank NG_068960.1; Identities = 780 /793 (98 %),
two gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the actA sequence had
highest similarity to Aquilomyces patris (strain CBS 135662,
GenBank KP184121.1; Identities = 224 /237 (95 %), no gaps),
Exserohilum gedarefense (strain CBS 504.90, GenBank
LT838289.1; Identities = 188 /258 (73 %), 21 gaps (8 %)) and
Setosphaeria rostrata (strain BRIP 12090, GenBank LT837679.1;
Identities = 184 /256 (72 %), 20 gaps (7 %)). Closest hits using
the cmdA sequence had highest similarity to Aquilomyces
patris (strain CBS 135661, GenBank KP184154.1; Identities =
422 /467 (90 %), four gaps (0 %)), Darksidea delta (strain CBS
135629, GenBank KP184144.1; Identities = 329/375 (88 %), 12
gaps (3 %)) and Darksidea epsilon (strain CBS 135658, GenBank KP184147.1; Identities = 327/375 (87 %), 12 gaps (3 %)).
Colour illustrations. Devonport, Lake Road, New Zealand. Conidiomata
on PDA; conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars =
200 µm (conidiomata), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095,
Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: thangavel.raja@mpi.govt.nz
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
352
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Falcocladium heteropyxidicola
& Castanediella senegaliae
353
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1192 & 1193 – 13 July 2021
Falcocladium heteropyxidicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Heteropyxis from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Falcocladiaceae, Falcocladiales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiophores penicillate or sporodochial, arising from superficial mycelium or microsclerotia; stipe extensions hyaline,
numerous per conidiophore, aseptate, thick-walled, 35 – 50 ×
1.5 – 2 µm; arising from various positions in the conidiophore,
terminating in globose vesicles, 4 – 5 µm diam. Conidiophore
branches: primary branches hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical,
0–1-septate, 5–10 × 2–3 µm; secondary and tertiary branches
hyaline, aseptate, 6 –10 × 2 – 3 µm. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, in whorls of 2 – 6, ampulliform with elongated necks and
periclinal thickening and minute collarettes, 6–12 × 2–3 µm. Conidia hyaline, smooth, aseptate, falcate, with short, acute, thickwalled apical beak, and basal appendage, (13 –)15 –17(–18) ×
(1.5–)2 µm; basal appendages on inner, shorter curve, 2–3 µm
long, with rounded end; apical beak continuous with body,
1.5–2 µm long. Chlamydospores medium brown, smooth, globose, 8 –15 µm diam, aggregating to form microsclerotia.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
folded, with sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and
OA surface buff, reverse ochreous.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve, on leaves of Heteropyxis canescens (Heteropyxidaceae), 23 Nov. 2018,
P.W. Crous, HPC 3151 (holotype CBS H-24486, culture ex-type CPC 38904
= CBS 146974, ITS, LSU, actA and rpb2 sequences GenBank MZ064418.1,
MZ064475.1, MZ078145.1 and MZ078196.1, MycoBank MB 839504).
Notes — Falcocladium heteropyxidicola is related to F. thailandicum (vesicles sphaeropedunculate, conidia (19 –) 20 – 23
(– 24) × 1.5(– 2) μm; Crous et al. 2007b, Lombard et al. 2015),
but is distinguished from that species by its globose vesicles,
and smaller conidia.
(notes Falcocladium heteropyxidicola continues on
Supplementary material page FP1192 & 1193)
Castanediella senegaliae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Senegalia from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Castanediellaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Observed to form cupulate conidiomata (satchmopsis-like) on host
tissue, but in culture these were weakly developed, 40–100 µm
diam, brown, arising from a reduced stroma, with brown, cupulate basal layer giving rise to a dense layer of brown cells that
terminate in densely packed, brown, ampulliform conidiogenous
cells, 5 – 8 × 2.5 – 3 µm, that line the inner layer of the cupulate
or sporodochial conidioma, polyblastic with minute unthickened
denticles at apex. Conidia solitary, aggregated in clusters in
buff mucoid mass, hyaline, smooth, granular, falcate, fusoid,
aseptate, widest in middle, ends subobtuse, (9–)10–11(–13) ×
1.5 (– 2) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, even margin, reaching
16 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and reverse
hazel; on PDA surface smoke grey, reverse hazel; on OA surface bay.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve, on dead pods of Senegalia ataxacantha (Fabaceae), Nov. 2018, P.W.
Crous, HPC 3159 (holotype CBS H-24541, culture ex-type CPC 39095 = CBS
147077, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MZ064451.1 and MZ064508.1,
MycoBank MB 839505).
Notes — Castanediella is characterized by macronematous,
mononematous or sporodochial, branched, brown to pale
brown conidiophores, with monoblastic or polyblastic, sympodial, discrete, cylindrical to lageniform, hyaline to subhyaline
conidiogenous cells, and septate, cylindrical to fusoid, hyaline
conidia (Crous et al. 2015a, 2021, Hernández-Restrepo et al.
2017). Castanediella senegaliae is related to C. ambae (see
FP1230 in this paper), which has erect, sporodochial conidiomata, similar to those observed in C. senegaliae, which also
appear cupulate. Furthermore, it appears that Synnemadiella
eucalypti (synnemata with phialidic conidiogenous cells and
ellipsoid, inequilateral, aseptate conidia; Crous et al. 2016)
clusters among species of Castanediella, suggesting that this
complex requires revision.
(notes Castanediella senegaliae continues on
Supplementary material page FP1192 & 1193)
Colour illustrations. Buffelskloof Nature Reserve. Left column: Falcocladium heteropyxidicola. Conidiophores giving rise to conidia; vesicles; chlamydospores; conidia. Right column: Castanediella senegaliae. Conidiomata on
PNA; conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 100 µm
(conidiomata of C. senegaliae), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
354
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Paracymostachys euphorbiae
355
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1194 – 13 July 2021
Paracymostachys Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects its close relationship to Cymostachys.
Classification — Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, erect, mostly
in groups, mostly unbranched, thick-walled, hyaline to pale olivaceous brown, smooth, 1–2-septate, with 4–6 conidiogenous
cells radiating from the apex. Conidiogenous cells phialidic,
clavate to elongate doliiform, smooth to slightly verrucose, oli-
vaceous brown at the apex becoming subhyaline towards the
base, with inconspicuous collarettes. Conidia in a mucoid
droplet, aseptate, olivaceous brown to dark brown, thick-walled,
guttulate, smooth to verrucose, fusoid, rarely subcylindrical,
apex rounded, base truncate.
Type species. Paracymostachys euphorbiae Crous
MycoBank MB 839506.
Paracymostachys euphorbiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Euphorbia from which it was
isolated.
Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, erect,
solitary or in groups, mostly unbranched, thick- and smoothwalled, hyaline to pale olivaceous brown, 70 –120 × 3 – 4 µm,
1–2-septate, with 4–6 conidiogenous cells arranged in a cluster
at apex. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, clavate to fusoid or
elongate doliiform, hyaline, becoming olivaceous brown and
verruculose with inconspicuous collarettes, 7–11 × 3 – 5 µm.
Conidia in a mucoid droplet, aseptate, olivaceous brown to dark
brown, smooth, becoming verruculose, thick-walled, guttulate,
fusoid, with rounded apex and truncate base, (7.5 –)8 – 9(–10)
× (3 –)3.5 – 4 µm; rarely subcylindrical, up to 17 µm long. Germinating conidia dark brown, verrucose, 1-septate (constricted
at septum) with polar germination, 13 –17 × 6–7 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth,
lobate margin, reaching 8 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA surface saffron, margin umber, reverse umber; on PDA
surface and reverse pale luteous; on OA surface iron-grey with
buff margins.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Lowveld Botanical Garden, on leaf litter of Euphorbia ingens (Euphorbiaceae), Nov. 2018, P.W.
Crous, HPC 3140 (holotype CBS H-24495, culture ex-type CPC 38954 =
CBS 146983, ITS, LSU, cmdA and rpb2 sequences GenBank MZ064419.1,
MZ064476.1, MZ078163.1 and MZ078197.1, MycoBank MB 839507).
Notes — Lombard et al. (2016) distinguished several genera
in Stachybotryaceae. Paracymostachys can be distinguished
from Cymostachys by having smooth, primarily unbranched
conidiophores, and fusoid, rarely subcylindrical conidia. Paracymostachys euphorbiae is distinct from Cymostachys species
in not having fabiform to globose conidia. Furthermore, it is
distinct from S. limonispora (conidia (6–)6.5–7.5(–9) × 3–4 μm)
in lacking limoniform conidia, and from S. phaeophialis (conidia
ellipsoidal to fusoid) in having larger conidia ((6–)6.5–7.5(–9) ×
3–4 μm; Lombard et al. 2016).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Stachybotrys dolichophialis (strain DAOM 227011,
Colour illustrations. Mbombela, Lowveld Botanical Garden. Conidiophores
with conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia on SNA; conidia. Scale bars
= 10 µm.
GenBank KU846734.1; Identities = 551/612 (90 %), 36 gaps
(5 %)), Stachybotrys zeae (voucher HGUP 0143, GenBank
KC305346.1; Identities = 546/611 (89 %), 37 gaps (6 %)) and
Stachybotrys microspora (voucher HGUP 0120, GenBank
KC305353.1; Identities = 545/610 (89 %), 36 gaps (5 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Memnoniella echinata (strain CBS 216.32, GenBank MH866746.1; Identities =
852/863 (99 %), one gap (0 %)), Memnoniella humicola (strain
CBS 463.74, GenBank NG_058217.1; Identities = 813 /825
(99 %), one gap (0 %)) and Stachybotrys limonispora (strain
CBS 128809, GenBank MH876595.1; Identities = 848/863
(98 %), one gap (0 %)). Closest hits using the cmdA sequence
had highest similarity to Stachybotrys phaeophialis (strain KAS
525, GenBank KU846632.1; Identities = 386 /466 (83 %), 11
gaps (2 %)), Stachybotrys dolichophialis (strain DAOM 227011,
GenBank KU846628.1; Identities = 386 /466 (83 %), 11 gaps
(2 %)) and Stachybotrys subsylvatica (strain CBS 126205,
GenBank KU846634.1; Identities = 365 /441 (83 %), 19 gaps
(4 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest
similarity to Striatibotrys rhabdospora (strain CBS 136395,
GenBank KU846986.1; Identities = 620 /719 (86 %), no gaps),
Striatibotrys eucylindrospora (strain CBS 203.61, GenBank
KU846975.1; Identities = 630 /732 (86 %), no gaps) and
Stachybotrys microspora (voucher MFLU 18-2620, GenBank
MW201479.1; Identities = 534 /621 (86 %), no gaps).
Supplementary material
FP1194 Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) obtained from the
maximum likelihood analysis with IQ-TREE v. 1.6.12 (Nguyen et al. 2015,
Kalyaanamoorthy et al. 2017, Hoang et al. 2018) of the Stachybotrys and
related genera multigene (LSU / rpb2) nucleotide alignment derived from the
datasets of Lombard et al. (2016) and Samarakoon et al. (2021). GenBank
accession numbers for the sequences used can also be obtained from
Lombard et al. (2016) and Samarakoon et al. (2021), except for cultures
where GenBank accession numbers are indicated in superscript text and
which were obtained from other studies. Bootstrap support values (> 69 %
shown; only values > 94 % are significant) from 5 000 ultrafast bootstrap
replicates are shown at the nodes. Culture collection numbers are indicated
for all species. The tree was rooted to Calonectria ilicicola (culture CBS
190.50) and the species described here are highlighted with coloured blocks
and bold face. Alignment statistics: 91 strains including the outgroup; 1 533
characters including alignment gaps analysed: 517 distinct patterns, 420 parsimony-informative, 70 singleton sites, 1 043 constant sites. The best model
identified for the entire alignment in IQ-TREE using the TESTNEWMERGE
option was: TIM2+F+I+G4. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
356
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Cladosporium stipagrostidicola
357
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1195 – 13 July 2021
Cladosporium stipagrostidicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Stipagrostis (cf. Stipagrostis
ciliata) from which it was isolated.
Classification — Cladosporiaceae, Cladosporiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown to brown, finely verruculose,
branched, septate, 2.5 – 3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores
reduced to conidiogenous cells or macronematous, erect,
straight to geniculate-sinuous, unbranched, subcylindrical,
10–70 × 3–4 µm, 1–4-septate, brown, smooth to verruculose.
Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, subcylindrical, brown,
smooth to verruculose, tapering at apex to 1–3 denticulate loci,
thickened, darkened and refractive, 1.5–2 µm diam, 15–30 ×
3–4 µm. Conidia occurring in dry, branched chains. Secondary
ramoconidia fusoid-ellipsoid to subcylindrical, tapering at ends,
golden brown, verruculose to prominently warty, 0–1(–2)-septate, 10–20 × 5–6(–7) µm; warts up to 2 µm diam; hila protruding, thickened, darkened, somewhat refractive, 1.5–2 µm diam;
intermediate and terminal conidia aseptate, golden brown, verruculose to prominently warty, (8–)9–10(–11) × (4–)5(–6) µm;
hila denticulate, thickened, darkened, refractive, 1.5–2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margin, reaching
16 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
and reverse iron-grey.
Typus. Namibia, Saagberg dunes in the Namib-Naukluft Park, east of
Gobabeb Namib Research Institute, on leaves of Stipagrostis cf. ciliata
(Poaceae), 20 Nov. 2019, P.W. Crous, HPC 3098 (holotype CBS H-24490,
culture ex-type CPC 38936 = CBS 146978, ITS, LSU, actA and tef1 (first
part) sequences GenBank MZ064420.1, MZ064477.1, MZ078146.1 and
MZ078223.1, MycoBank MB 839508).
Notes — Cladosporium stipagrostidicola resides in the
C. cladosporioides species complex (Bensch et al. 2010, 2012,
2015, 2018), being related to C. flabelliforme and C. flavovirens. Cladosporium flabelliforme is distinct in having conidial
chains characteristically spread in a fan-like manner, secondary ramoconidia 11– 27 × (2 –)2.5 – 3(– 3.5) µm, 0(–1)-septate,
small terminal conidia, obovoid or ellipsoid, 4.5–8 × 1.5–2.5 μm
(Bensch et al. 2010). Cladosporium flavovirens is distinct from
other species in that it has secondary ramoconidia 9 – 30 ×
3.5 – 4 μm, 0 – 2-septate, and small terminal conidia, obovoidal
to short ellipsoidal, 5 –7 × 2.5 – 3 μm (Sandoval-Denis et al.
2016).
Colour illustrations. Stipagrostis tussocks in the Namib Sand Sea, Namibia.
Roots of Stipagrostis cf. ciliata with rhizosheaths; conidiophores giving rise
to conidial chains; ornamented conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Cladosporium delicatulum (strain CL_FF_10_con,
GenBank MT548673.1; Identities = 535/535 (100 %), no gaps),
Cladosporium perangustum (strain CL2, GenBank MT466522.1;
Identities = 535/535 (100 %), no gaps) and Cladosporium
cladosporioides (strain CBS 127759, GenBank MH864765.1;
Identities = 535 /535 (100 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Cladosporium asperulatum (strain CBS
126340, GenBank NG_069955.1; Identities = 877/877 (100 %),
no gaps), Cladosporium australiense (strain CBS 125984,
GenBank NG_069941.1; Identities = 877/877 (100 %), no
gaps) and Cladosporium cladosporioides (strain CBS 127339,
GenBank MH875964.1; Identities = 877/877 (100 %), no gaps).
Closest hits using the actA sequence had highest similarity to
Cladosporium ramotenellum (strain CBS 145592, GenBank
MT223748.1; Identities = 420/437 (96 %), no gaps), Cladosporium myrtacearum (strain CPC 16319, GenBank KT600605.1;
Identities = 405/431 (94 %), four gaps (0 %)) and Cladosporium
rugulovarians (strain CPC 18444, GenBank KT600656.1; Identities = 486/521 (93 %), three gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the
tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Cladosporium funiculosum (strain CPC 22298, GenBank MF473409.1; Identities
= 287/328 (88 %), 12 gaps (3 %)), Cladosporium pseudocladosporioides (strain SL1023, GenBank MH329203.1; Identities
= 284/327 (87 %), 15 gaps (4 %)) and Cladosporium ipereniae
(strain CPC 16238, GenBank KT600491.1; Identities = 325/378
(86 %), 15 gaps (3 %)).
Supplementary material
FP1195 Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) obtained from the
maximum likelihood analysis with IQ-TREE v. 1.6.12 (Nguyen et al. 2015,
Kalyaanamoorthy et al. 2017, Hoang et al. 2018) of the Cladosporium multigene (actA / tef1) nucleotide alignment. Bootstrap support values (> 69 %
shown; only values > 94 % are significant) from 5 000 ultrafast bootstrap
replicates are shown at the nodes. Culture collection and GenBank accession (in superscript) numbers are indicated for all species and numbers in
bold represent those cultures with a type status. The tree was rooted to
Cercospora beticola (culture CBS 116456) and the species described here
is highlighted with a coloured block and bold face. Alignment statistics: 67
strains including the outgroup; 661 characters including alignment gaps
analysed: 429 distinct patterns, 250 parsimony-informative, 88 singleton
sites, 323 constant sites. The best model identified for the entire alignment
in IQ-TREE using the TESTNEWMERGE option was: TIM2+F+I+G4. The
alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
358
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Teratosphaericola leucadendri
359
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1196 – 13 July 2021
Teratosphaericola leucadendri Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Leucadendron from which it
was isolated.
Classification — Teratosphaeriaceae, Mycosphaerellales,
Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, branched, septate, 2.5 – 3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect,
branched, subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, septate, up to
180 µm tall, 3 – 4 µm diam. Conidiogenous cells integrated,
terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth,
10 – 20 × 3 – 4 µm; loci sympodial, subdenticulate, 2 µm diam,
slightly thickened and darkened. Conidia pale brown, smooth,
guttulate, subcylindrical, 0–1-septate with truncate ends, occurring in dry, branched chains; ramoconidia 13–25 × 2.5–3.5 µm;
conidia (12 –)14 –16(–17) × (2 –)2.5 – 3 µm; hila somewhat
thickened and darkened.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 5 –7 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA surface and reverse iron-grey.
Typus. South africa, Western Cape Province, Clanwilliam, Rocklands
camping, on leaves of Leucadendron sp. (Proteaceae), 2 Sept. 2018, P.W.
Crous, HPC 3052 (holotype CBS H-24504, culture ex-type CPC 38681 = CBS
146993, ITS, LSU, actA, cmdA, tef1 (first part) and tub2 sequences GenBank
MZ064421.1, MZ064478.1, MZ078147.1, MZ078164.1, MZ078224.1 and
MZ078262.1, MycoBank MB 839509).
Notes — Teratosphaericola leucadendri is related to Teratosphaericola pseudafricana (on Eucalyptus globulus, Zambia,
CBS 114782; Quaedvlieg et al. 2014, Crous et al. 2019c).
Teratosphaericola pseudafricana was originally described as
Mycosphaerella pseudoafricana (Crous et al. 2006), and this
is the first asexual morph linked to the genus.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Teratosphaericola pseudafricana (strain CBS
114782, GenBank NR_154468.1; Identities = 466/492 (95 %),
five gaps (1 %)), Penidiella columbiana (strain CBS 486.80,
GenBank MH861288.1; Identities = 502/547 (92 %), 16 gaps
(2 %)) and Xenophacidiella pseudocatenata (strain CBS
128776, GenBank NR_137066.1; Identities = 497/546 (91 %),
13 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are
Teratosphaericola pseudafricana (as Teratosphaeria pseudafricana; strain PM16, GenBank JN232442.1; Identities =
838/841 (99 %), no gaps), Penidiella columbiana (strain
CBS 486.80, GenBank NG_057774.1; Identities = 827/841
(98 %), no gaps) and Pseudoteratosphaeria ohnowa (strain
CBS 112896, GenBank EU019305.2; Identities = 824/843
(98 %), two gaps (0 %)). No significant hits were obtained
when the actA sequence was used in blastn and megablast
searches. Closest hits using the cmdA sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaericola pseudafricana (strain CBS
111168, GenBank KF902782.1; Identities = 367/411 (89 %), ten
gaps (2 %)), Teratosphaeria gauchensis (strain CBS 119465,
GenBank KF902726.1; Identities = 334/381 (88 %), ten gaps
(2 %)) and Teratosphaeria majorizuluensis (strain CBS 120040,
GenBank KF902733.1; Identities = 334/381 (88 %), 11 gaps
(2 %)). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaericola pseudafricana (strain CBS 111168,
GenBank KF903370.1; Identities = 307/353 (87 %), 26 gaps
(7 %)), Pseudoteratosphaeria africana (strain CBS 144597,
GenBank MK442712.1; Identities = 198/210 (94 %), four gaps
(1 %)) and Neotrimmatostroma paraexcentricum (strain CPC
25594, GenBank KX228378.1; Identities = 189/200 (95 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest
similarity to Meristemomyces frigidus (strain CCFEE 5507,
GenBank KF546749.1; Identities = 295/353 (84 %), 15 gaps
(4 %)), Teratosphaericola pseudafricana (strain CBS 111168,
GenBank KF903066.1; Identities = 225/255 (88 %), three gaps
(1 %)) and Devriesia shelburniensis (strain CBS 115876, GenBank KF442467.1; Identities = 286/349 (82 %), 12 gaps (3 %)).
Colour illustrations. San Bushman rock art in Clanwilliam. Conidiogenous
cells giving rise to branched conidial chains. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
360
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Toxicocladosporium pterocarpi
361
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1197 – 13 July 2021
Toxicocladosporium pterocarpi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Pterocarpus from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Cladosporiaceae, Cladosporiales, Dothideomyecetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown to brown, smooth to warty,
septate, branched, 2–3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores macronematous, erect, flexuous, branched, brown, thick-walled,
subcylindrical, smooth to finely verruculose with large guttules, 60 –130 × 3 – 4 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated,
terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical, brown, smooth to finely
verruculose, 10 – 20 × 3 – 3.5 µm; loci darkened, thickened,
refractive, 2 – 3 µm diam. Conidia occurring in dry, branched
chains, subcylindrical to narrowly fusoid-ellipsoid, thick-walled,
brown, verruculose, 0–1-septate; primary ramoconidia 13–25 ×
3–3.5 µm; hila 2–3 µm diam; secondary ramoconidia 15–22 ×
3–3.5 µm, with 1–2 apical loci; intercalary and terminal conidia
(10 –)13 –15(–17) × 2.5 – 3 µm; hila thickened, darkened and
refractive, 1.5 – 2 µm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 17 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA surface olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve, on pods of Pterocarpus angolensis (Fabaceae), Nov. 2018, P.W. Crous,
HPC 3137 (holotype CBS H-24483, culture ex-type CPC 38890 = CBS 146971,
ITS, LSU, actA, rpb2 and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064422.1, MZ064479.1,
MZ078148.1, MZ078198.1 and MZ078263.1, MycoBank MB 839510).
Notes — Crous et al. (2007a) introduced the genus Toxicocladosporium to accommodate cladosporium-like fungi with
distinct, dark, thick-walled conidial septa, and lacking the typical
coronate Cladosporium scar type. Toxicocladosporium pterocarpi is related to T. chlamydosporum (on Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Madagascar; terminal conidia 6–7(–9) × 2.5(–3) μm,
forming chlamydospores in culture; Crous et al. 2009), from
which it is morphologically distinct.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Toxicocladosporium chlamydosporum (strain CBS
124159, GenBank MH863361.1; Identities = 545/549 (99 %),
no gaps), Toxicocladosporium protearum (strain CBS 126499,
GenBank NR_152321.1; Identities = 541/545 (99 %), one gap
(0 %)) and Toxicocladosporium velox (strain CBS 124159,
GenBank NR_155890.1; Identities = 518/522 (99 %), no gaps).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Toxicocladosporium
chlamydosporum (strain CBS 124157, GenBank NG_069916.1;
Identities = 864/866 (99 %), no gaps), Toxicocladosporium
pseudoveloxum (strain CBS 128777, GenBank JF499868.1;
Identities = 864/866 (99 %), no gaps) and Toxicocladosporium
pini (strain CBS 138005, GenBank KJ869217.1; Identities =
845/847 (99 %), no gaps). No significant hits were obtained
when the actA sequence was used in blastn and megablast
searches. Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest
similarity to Toxicocladosporium protearum (strain CPC 15254,
GenBank LT799786.1; Identities = 783/847 (92 %), one gap
(0 %)), Toxicocladosporium chlamydosporum (strain CPC
15736, GenBank LT799779.1; Identities = 776/837 (93 %),
no gaps) and Toxicocladosporium pini (strain CPC 23639,
GenBank LT799784.1; Identities = 772 /838 (92 %), no gaps).
Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity
to Toxicocladosporium pini (strain CBS 138005, GenBank
KY706603.1; Identities = 349 /395 (88 %), 14 gaps (3 %)),
Toxicocladosporium velox (strain CBS 124159, GenBank
KY706609.1; Identities = 342/393 (87 %), 10 gaps (2 %)) and
Toxicocladosporium chlamydosporum (strain CBS 124157,
GenBank KY706598.1; Identities = 339/390 (87 %), ten gaps
(2 %)).
Colour illustrations. Pterocarpus angolensis growing in Buffelskloof Nature
Reserve. Conidiophores; conidiogenous cells giving rise to branched conidial
chains. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
362
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Diatrype dalbergiae
& Lylea dalbergiae
Fungal Planet description sheets
363
Fungal Planet 1198 & 1199 – 13 July 2021
Diatrype dalbergiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Dalbergia from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Diatrypaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Ascomata brown, erumpent, in tight clusters on host tissue,
punctiform with elongated neck, 200–500 µm diam; ascomata
overmature, asci and ascospores not seen. On PNA: Conidiomata pycnidial, immersed, brown, subglobose, 200–300 µm
diam; wall of 3–4 layers of pale brown textura angularis. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, branched, 1–4-septate, 20–40 × 2–3 µm. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth,
subcylindrical with slight apical taper, phialidic, apex 1 µm diam,
lacking flared collarette, 12–20 × 2–2.5 µm. Conidia solitary,
hyaline, smooth, aseptate, sickle-shaped, widest in middle, apex
subobtuse, base truncate, (15–)18–22(–25) × 1.5(–2) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, even margin, covering dish
after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and reverse isabelline; on
PDA surface and reverse umber; on OA surface buff.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve, on bark of Dalbergia armata (Fabaceae), Nov. 2018, P.W. Crous, HPC
3147 (holotype CBS H-24531, culture ex-type CPC 38900 = CBS 147068,
ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064448.1, MZ064505.1 and
MZ078274.1, MycoBank MB 839511).
Notes — The phylogeny of the Diatrypaceae requires revision, as the present phylogeny does not correlate with the
morphology (De Almeida et al. 2018). Diatrype dalbergiae is
only known from its asexual morph, making a comparison with
sexual morphs impossible. Based on its similarity to known
species such as D. disciformis and D. palmicola, it is therefore
placed in the genus Diatrype.
(notes Diatrype dalbergiae continues on
Supplementary material page FP1198 & 1199)
Lylea dalbergiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Dalbergia from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Sporidesmiaceae, Sporidesmiales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of septate, branched, hyaline to pale
brown, smooth, 1.5– 3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores micronematous, erect, solitary or aggregated, inconspicuous, subcylindrical, forming from superficial hyphae, hyaline to pale brown,
smooth, unbranched, 3–8-septate, 50–120 × 2.5–3 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, monoblastic, subcylindrical, hyaline to pale brown, smooth, 15 – 30 × 3 – 4 µm, forming
unbranched conidial chains; loci 1 µm diam, not thickened nor
darkened. Conidia in unbranched, dry chains, acrogenous,
acropetal, in long flexuous chains, subcylindrical, ends subobtuse, thick-walled, guttulate, hyaline becoming medium
brown, smooth, (1–)2(– 4)-distoseptate, (17–)23 – 31(– 48) ×
(5 –)6 – 6.5(–7) µm; scars 1 µm diam, not thickened nor darkened; conidia attached via narrow isthmus, thus frequently
remaining attached for long periods.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 2 – 3 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and
reverse olivaceous grey with diffuse reddish pigment; on PDA
surface and reverse olivaceous grey; on OA surface olivaceous
grey with diffuse red pigment.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve, on Diatrype dalbergiae on bark of Dalbergia armata (Fabaceae), 23
Nov. 2018, P.W. Crous, HPC 3147 (holotype CBS H-24509, culture ex-type
CPC 38960 = CBS 147004, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MZ064423.1
and MZ064480.1, MycoBank MB 839512); CBS H-24510, CPC 38961 = CBS
147005, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MZ064424.1 and MZ064481.1.
Notes — Morgan-Jones (1975) established Lylea with
L. catenulata as the type species. Lylea is characterised by
forming catenate, distoseptate conidia on monoblastic conidiogenous cells. Lylea dalbergiae is related to L. tetracoila (conidia
3 – 4-distoseptate, (17.5 –)20 – 40(– 65) × (3 –)4 – 5.5(–7) µm;
Holubová-Jechová 1978), but distinct in that it has shorter conidia. It is also distinct from other species in the genus (Xia et
al. 2014). Lylea dalbergiae was isolated as a mycophylic fungus,
growing on ascomata of Diatrype dalbergiae (see FP1198 on
top of this page) on bark of Dalbergia armata.
(notes Lylea dalbergiae continues on
Supplementary material page FP1198 & 1199)
Colour illustrations. Dalbergia armata. Left column: Diatrype dalbergiae.
Ascomata; ostiolar region; conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia.
Right column: Lylea dalbergiae. Conidial chains on SNA; conidia. Scale bars
= 300 µm (ascomata of D. dalbergiae), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
364
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Acrodontium burrowsianum
365
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1200 – 13 July 2021
Acrodontium burrowsianum Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for John and Sandy Burrows, two remarkable botanists who are instrumental in maintaining the Buffelskloof Research Centre,
Mbombela, South Africa.
Classification — Teratosphaeriaceae, Mycosphaerellales,
Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, septate, branched, smooth,
1–1.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells pale brown, smooth, thinwalled, subulate to slightly ampulliform, at times with basal
septum, flexuous, proliferating sympodially and forming a rachis
in upper region, (15 –)20 – 30(– 40) × 2 – 3 µm with multiple
loci, slightly thickened, not darkened. Conidia hyaline, thinwalled, smooth, solitary, aseptate, ellipsoid, apex obtuse, 3 – 4
× 1.5– 2 µm; hilum slightly thickened, not darkened.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth,
lobate margin, reaching 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA and PDA surface smoke grey, reverse isabelline; on OA
surface smoke grey with diffuse hazel pigment.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve, on leaves of unidentified Poaceae, 23 Nov. 2018, P.W. Crous, HPC
3155 (holotype CBS H-24507, culture ex-type CPC 38912 = CBS 147002,
ITS, LSU, actA, gapdh, his3, rpb2 and tef1 (first part) sequences GenBank
MZ064425.1, MZ064482.1, MZ078149.1, MZ078179.1, MZ078181.1,
MZ078199.1 and MZ078225.1, MycoBank MB 839513).
Notes — Acrodontium was introduced by De Hoog (1972),
with type species A. crateriforme (CBS 144.33; conidia (3–)3.5–
4.5(–5) × (1.5 –)2 – 3(– 4) µm. The genus was recently revised
by Videira et al. (2016), who resolved its higher order phylogeny
as belonging to Teratosphaeriaceae. Acrodontium burrowsianum is related to A. crateriforme, but has smaller conidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Acrodontium crateriforme (strain CBS 144.33,
GenBank NR_152320.1; Identities = 457/459 (99 %), no gaps),
Pseudocercosporella fraxini (strain LCM 896.01, GenBank
MF495428.1; Identities = 547/549 (99 %), no gaps) and Acrodontium neolitseae (strain CBS 137975, GenBank NR_168148.1;
Identities = 543/548 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Acrodontium crateriforme (strain CBS
144.33, GenBank NG_057108.1; Identities = 859/859 (100 %),
no gaps), Acrodontium neolitseae (strain CBS 137975, GenBank KJ869184.1; Identities = 843/843 (100 %), no gaps) and
Neophaeothecoidea proteae (strain CBS 114129, GenBank
MH874518.1; Identities = 850/880 (97 %), two gaps (0 %)).
Closest hits using the actA sequence had highest similarity
to Acrodontium crateriforme (strain CPC 25894, GenBank
KX287559.1; Identities = 521/530 (98 %), no gaps), Ramularia
lethalis (strain CPC 25910, GenBank KX287754.1; Identities =
453/500 (91 %), eight gaps (1 %)) and Pantospora chromolaenae (strain CBS 145563, GenBank MK876459.1; Identities =
467/523 (89 %), 11 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the gapdh
sequence had highest similarity to Acrodontium crateriforme
(strain CPC 25894, GenBank KX288124.1; Identities = 507/516
(98 %), no gaps), Teratoramularia persicariae (strain CPC 11408,
GenBank KX288384.1; Identities = 281/314 (89 %), no gaps)
and Ramularia calcea (strain CBS 101613, GenBank KP894547.1;
Identities = 295/337 (88 %), four gaps (1 %)). Closest hits
using the his3 sequence had highest similarity to Acrodontium crateriforme (strain CPC 11519, GenBank KX288728.1;
Identities = 316/323 (98 %), one gap (0 %)), Ramularia major
(strain CPC 12542, GenBank KX288922.1; Identities = 303/330
(92 %), 11 gaps (3 %)) and Ramularia cynarae (strain CPC
25897, GenBank KX288847.1; Identities = 303/330 (92 %),
11 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had
highest similarity to Acrodontium crateriforme (strain CBS
840.71, GenBank KX288402.1; Identities = 843 /847 (99 %),
no gaps), Teratosphaeria sieberi (strain CPC 32099, GenBank
MH327872.1; Identities = 380 /478 (79 %), eight gaps (1 %))
and Teratosphaeria henryi (strain CBS 145539, GenBank
MK876492.1; Identities = 377/477 (79 %), six gaps (1 %)).
Closest hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity
to Acrodontium crateriforme (strain CPC 11509, GenBank
GU384425.1; Identities = 266 /275 (97 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Unidentified Poaceae at Buffelskloof Nature Reserve.
Conidiogenous cells on SNA; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
366
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Bezerromyces gobabebensis
367
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1201 – 13 July 2021
Bezerromyces gobabebensis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the Gobabeb Namib Research Institute,
Namibia.
Bezerromyces pseudobrasiliensis Crous, nom. nov. MycoBank MB 839515
Classification — Bezerromycetaceae, Bezerromycetales,
Dothideomycetes.
Basionym. Xiliomyces brasiliensis J.D.P. Bezerra et al., Mycol. Progr. 16:
304. 2016 ‘2017’.
Ascomata separate, pseudothecial, globose, brown, 200 –
300 µm diam, covered in brown setae, flexuous, septate,
verruculose with obtuse ends, up to 300 µm tall, 5 –7 µm diam
at base; wall of 6–8 layers of brown textura angularis. Pseudoparaphyses intermingled among asci, hyaline, smooth, septate,
anastomosing, 2.5– 3 µm diam, hyphae-like. Asci bitunicate,
8-spored, subcylindrical to slightly clavate with a well-defined
ocular chamber and foot cell, 80–100 × 18–20 µm. Ascospores
bi- to triseriate, fusoid-ellipsoid, ends subobtuse, constricted at
septum just above median, and widest above this septum, transversely 3–6-septate, 2–4 oblique and vertical septa; initially hyaline, becoming brown with age, guttulate, (23–)28–31(–35) ×
(8 –)9 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
and reverse olivaceous grey.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Bezerromyces pernambucoensis (strain URM7412,
GenBank KX470391.1; Identities = 510/542 (94 %), 11 gaps
(2 %)), Bezerromyces brasiliensis (strain CBS 141545, GenBank NR_153463.1; Identities = 510/542 (94 %), 11 gaps (2 %))
and Xiliomyces brasiliensis (strain CBS 141536, GenBank
NR_153464.1; Identities = 508/542 (94 %), 11 gaps (2 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Bezerromyces
pernambucoensis (strain URM7412, GenBank KX518624.1;
Identities = 803/810 (99 %), two gaps (0 %)), Xiliomyces brasiliensis (strain CBS 141536, GenBank NG_069377.1; Identities
= 788 /795 (99 %), two gaps (0 %)) and Bezerromyces brasiliensis (strain CBS 141545, GenBank NG_069376.1; Identities
= 801/809 (99 %), two gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the tef1
sequence had highest similarity to Xiliomyces brasiliensis (strain
URM7413, GenBank KX518633.1; Identities = 428/439 (97 %),
no gaps), Bezerromyces pernambucoensis (strain URM7412,
GenBank KX518632.1; Identities = 424/439 (97 %), no gaps)
and Bezerromyces brasiliensis (strain URM7411, GenBank
KX518631.1; Identities = 424 /439 (97 %), no gaps).
Typus. Namibia, Gobabeb Namib Research Institute, on leaves of unidentified succulent, growing in gravel plains of Central Namib Desert, 20 Nov.
2019, P.W. Crous, HPC 3097 (holotype CBS H-24489, culture ex-type CPC
38934 = CBS 146977, ITS, LSU and tef1 (second part) sequences GenBank
MZ064426.1, MZ064483.1 and MZ078249.1, MycoBank MB 839514).
Notes — Bezerromyces gobabebensis clusters as a new
species sister to a clade along with Xiliomyces brasiliensis
(sterile Dothideomycetes) and species of Bezerromyces
(Bezerra et al. 2017). Based on these data, and the morphology
of B. gobabebensis, we have chosen to expand the circumscription of Bezerromyces to also include the genus Xiliomyces.
A new name is proposed below, because the epithet brasiliensis
is already occupied.
Colour illustrations. Namib Desert. Ascomata on OA; asci and pseudoparaphyses; ascospores. Scale bars = 300 µm (ascomata), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
368
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Lapidomyces stipagrostidicola
369
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1202 – 13 July 2021
Lapidomyces stipagrostidicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Stipagrostis cf. ciliata from
which it was isolated.
Classification — Teratosphaeriaceae, Mycosphaerellales,
Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, brown, erumpent, 50–300 µm diam with
central ostiole exuding a brown mucoid conidial mass. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining inner cavity. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, hyaline, smooth, doliiform to ovoid,
4 – 5 × 3.5 – 5 µm. Conidia occurring in unbranched chains,
encased in a mucoid sheath encapsulating the conidiogenous
cell and conidial chain, medium brown, verruculose, prominently
warty, initially joined via a narrow isthmus, ellipsoid to subcylindrical with obtuse ends, 0(– 3)-septate, (9 –)11–13(–17) ×
(4 –)5 – 6(–7) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth,
lobate margin, reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA, PDA and OA surface and reverse iron-grey.
Typus. Namibia, boundary fence of Namib-Naukluft Park, east of Gobabeb
Namib Research Institute, on leaves of Stipagrostis cf. ciliata (Poaceae), 20
Nov. 2019, P.W. Crous, HPC 3098 (holotype CBS H-24491, culture ex-type
CPC 38938 = CBS 146979, ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tub2 sequences GenBank
MZ064427.1, MZ064484.1, MZ078200.1 and MZ078264.1, MycoBank MB
839516).
Notes — Lapidomyces was established for a genus of dematiaceous hyphomycetes. Although the present species was
isolated having a cladosporium-like morphology in vivo, it only
formed a coelomycetous synasexual morph in vitro. It is related
to Lapidomyces hispanicus, a sterile hyphomycete with dark
brown hyphae, constricted at their septa (Egidi et al. 2014,
Crous et al. 2019b).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Lapidomyces hispanicus (strain CBS 118355,
GenBank NR_144960.1; Identities = 448 /471 (95 %), six
gaps (1 %)), Phaeothecoidea melaleuca (strain CPC 17223,
GenBank HQ599594.1; Identities = 509/543 (94 %), nine gaps
(1 %)) and Camarosporula persooniae (strain CBS 116258,
GenBank JF770449.1; Identities = 513/549 (93 %), 13 gaps
(2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Lapidomyces
hispanicus (strain CBS 118764, GenBank KF310016.1; Identities = 759 /764 (99 %), no gaps), Phaeothecoidea melaleuca
(strain CPC 17223, GenBank HQ599595.1; Identities = 827/843
(98 %), two gaps (0 %)), Xenoconiothyrium catenata (strain
CMW 22113, GenBank JN712570.1; Identities = 831/849 (98 %),
two gaps (0 %)) and Camarosporula persooniae (strain CBS
116258, GenBank JF770461.1; Identities = 829 /849 (98 %),
two gaps (0 %)). Distant hits obtained using the rpb2 sequence
had highest similarity to Capnodium salicinum (strain CBS
131.34, GenBank KT216553.1; Identities = 196/255 (77 %),
12 gaps (4 %)), Lecanosticta jani (strain Guat.267.44.N1,
GenBank MK015342.1; Identities = 211/280 (75 %), 11 gaps
(3 %)) and Lecanosticta brevispora (strain CMW46503, GenBank MK015309.1; Identities = 189/248 (76 %), nine gaps
(3 %)). Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest
similarity to Lapidomyces hispanicus (strain TRN500, GenBank
KF546778.1; Identities = 315/383 (82 %), five gaps (1 %)),
Petrophila incerta (strain TRN139b, GenBank KF546769.1;
Identities = 305/372 (82 %), 16 gaps (4 %)) and Cladosporium
sphaerospermum (strain 18ESMA010, GenBank MT881938.1;
Identities = 293/357 (82 %), 21 gaps (5 %)).
Colour illustrations. Namib Desert, eastern boundary fence of the NamibNaukluft Park. Conidiomata on SNA; conidioma; conidiogenous cells giving
rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 300 µm (conidiomata), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
370
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Hysterobrevium walvisbayicola
371
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1203 – 13 July 2021
Hysterobrevium walvisbayicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Walvis Bay, Namibia, the coastal town where
it was collected.
Classification — Hysteriaceae, Hysteriales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, brown, subglobose with central ostiole,
200 – 300 µm diam (larger on OA than on MEA), exuding a pink
to creamy conidial mass. Conidiophores subcylindrical, hyaline,
smooth, branched, 1– 3-septate, 15 – 60 × 1.5 – 2 µm, some
branches sterile, appearing as paraphyses. Conidiogenous
cells terminal and intercalary, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical,
7– 20 × 1.5 – 2 µm, phialidic. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth,
guttulate, subcylindrical with obtuse ends, aseptate, straight,
3 – 5 × 1.5 – 2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with sparse
aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 20 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and reverse umber;
on PDA surface ochreous with patches of umber, reverse ochreous; on OA surface ochreous to umber.
Typus. Namibia, Walvis Bay, on leaves of unidentified tree, 19 Nov. 2019,
P.W. Crous, HPC 3128 (holotype CBS H-24508, culture ex-type CPC 38948 =
CBS 147003, ITS, LSU and tef1 (first part) sequences GenBank MZ064428.1,
MZ064485.1 and MZ093619.1, MycoBank MB 839517).
Notes — Hysterobrevium walvisbayicola is a phoma-like
coelomycetous fungus that clusters in a complex of Dothideomycetes characterised by hysterothecial ascomata, namely
Gloniopsis, Hysterobrevium and Rhytidhysteron. Although taxa
in this complex are not known by their asexual morphs, Boehm
et al. (2009) did record a coelomycetous asexual morph for
Hysterobrevium mori. For the present, this species is best accommodated in Hysterobrevium.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Gloniopsis calami (strain MFLUCC 10-0927,
GenBank MN608546.1; Identities = 449 /480 (94 %), 11 gaps
(2 %)), Rhytidhysteron rufulum (strain CFE-147, GenBank
MN653261.1; Identities = 441/471 (94 %), 12 gaps (2 %)) and
Gloniopsis leucaenae (strain MFLUCC 17-2425, GenBank
NR_163334.1; Identities = 426/456 (93 %), 11 gaps (2 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Hysterodifractum
partisporum (voucher HUEFS 42865, GenBank NG_060652.1;
Identities = 884/907 (97 %), two gaps (0 %)), Hysterobrevium
mori (strain GKM 1214, GenBank GQ221895.1; Identities =
880/906 (97 %), one gap (0 %)) and Gloniopsis subrugosa
(strain SMH557, GenBank GQ221896.1; Identities = 879/906
(97 %), one gap (0 %)). Distant hits obtained using the tef1
sequence had highest similarity to Gloniopsis subrugosa (strain
GKM 1214, GenBank GU397336.1; Identities = 401/499 (80 %),
22 gaps (4 %)) and Hysterobrevium mori (strain GKM 1013,
GenBank GU397338.1; Identities = 402/500 (80 %), 31 gaps
(6 %)).
Colour illustrations. Flamingos at Walvis Bay lagoon. Conidiomata on
OA; conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
372
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Deniquelata hypolithi
Fungal Planet description sheets
373
Fungal Planet 1204 – 13 July 2021
Deniquelata hypolithi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the fact that it was isolated from a hypolith,
under a rock.
Classification — Didymosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale olivaceous to subhyaline, smooth,
branched, septate, 2–3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores when
present reduced to conidiogenous cells, erect, pale brown,
subcylindrical, 4–20 × 3–4 µm. Conidia as intercalary chains in
hyphae, or terminal on conidiogenous cells, solitary, or in short
chains disarticulating at maturity, or hyphae disintegrate, leaving
conidial propagules which are alternaria-like in appearance.
Conidia brown, smooth, thick-walled, subglobose to pyriform
to ellipsoid, guttulate, with 1– 3 transverse and 0 – 2 vertical or
oblique septa, (7–)10 –12(–17) × (7–)9 –10(–11) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, even margin, reaching
50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
smoke grey, reverse umber to isabelline.
Typus. Namibia, Walvis Bay, from hypolith under a quartz stone, 19 Nov.
2019, P.W. Crous, HPC 3101 (holotype CBS H-24500, culture ex-type
CPC 38968 = CBS 146988, ITS, LSU, actA, rpb2 and tef1 (second part)
sequences GenBank MZ064429.1, MZ064486.1, MZ078150.1, MZ078201.1
and MZ078250.1, MycoBank MB 839518).
Notes — Deniquelata was established for a genus of Dothideomycetes with pseudothecia giving rise to bitunicate asci
with pseudoparaphyses and brown, muriform ascospores (Ariyawansa et al. 2013). Deniquelata hypolithi is the first asexual
morph linked to a species of Deniquelata.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Deniquelata barringtoniae (strain MFLUCC
11-0422, GenBank NR_111779.1; Identities = 669/691 (97 %),
13 gaps (1 %)), Deniquelata quercina (strain 1050-SAB SA5 1,
GenBank MT820404.1; Identities = 649/681 (95 %), 14 gaps
(2 %)) and Didymocrea leucaenae (strain MFLUCC 17-0896,
GenBank NR_164298.1; Identities = 477/523 (91 %), 14 gaps
(2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Deniquelata
quercina (strain 1050-SAB SA5 1, GenBank MT808605.1;
Identities = 789 /799 (99 %), one gap (0 %)), Deniquelata barringtoniae (strain MFLUCC 16-0271, GenBank MH260291.1;
Identities = 805/816 (99 %), four gaps (0 %)) and Neokalmusia
thailandica (strain MFLUCC 16-0399, GenBank KY706131.1;
Identities = 778 /814 (96 %), three gaps (0 %)). Distant hits
obtained using the actA sequence had highest similarity to
Parastagonospora nodorum (strain LDN03-Sn4, GenBank
CP022803.1; Identities = 457/505 (90 %), five gaps (0 %)), Setosphaeria rostrata (strain BRIP 11426, GenBank LT837589.1;
Identities = 474/534 (89 %), 15 gaps (2 %)) and Setosphaeria
minor (strain BRIP 14612, GenBank LT837609.1; Identities
= 471/531 (89 %), nine gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the
rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Deniquelata vittalii
(strain PUFD39, GenBank MF168942.1; Identities = 744 /823
(90 %), no gaps), Didymocrea leucaenae (strain MFLUCC 170896, GenBank MK434905.1; Identities = 733 /823 (89 %), no
gaps) and Pseudopithomyces karoo (strain MUCL 9365, GenBank LK936424.1; Identities = 766/905 (85 %), four gaps
(0 %)). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence had highest
similarity to Pseudopithomyces entadae (strain MFLUCC 170917, GenBank MK360083.1; Identities = 889/920 (97 %), no
gaps), Tremateia murispora (strain GZCC 18-2787, GenBank
MK986482.1; Identities = 902 /934 (97 %), no gaps) and Tremateia chromolaenae (strain MFLUCC 17-1425, GenBank
MT235778.1; Identities = 882/915 (96 %), two gaps (0 %)).
The tef1 sequences of CPC 38988 and 38984 differ by a single
substitution (935 /936 (99 %)).
Colour illustrations. Quartz stones with lichen and hypolith growth. Hyphae
giving rise to conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
374
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Knufia hypolithi
Fungal Planet description sheets
375
Fungal Planet 1205 – 13 July 2021
Knufia hypolithi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the fact that it was isolated from a hypolith,
under a quartz stone.
Classification — Trichomeriaceae, Chaetothyriales, Eurotiomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, septate, branched,
2–3 µm diam hyphae. Chlamydospore-like propagules intercalary, but commonly as terminal ends of hyphae, subcylindrical to
ovoid-ellipsoid, dark brown, smooth-walled, with 3 to numerous
constricted transverse septa, and several vertical or oblique
septa, 15 – 80 × 10 – 25 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, even margin, reaching
18 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
and reverse olivaceous grey.
Typus. Namibia, Walvis Bay, from hypolith under a quartz stone, 19 Nov.
2019, P.W. Crous, HPC 3101 (holotype CBS H-24503, culture ex-type CPC
38987 = CBS 146991, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MZ064430.1 and
MZ064487.1, MycoBank MB 839519).
Additional materials examined. Namibia, Walvis Bay, from hypolith under
a rock, 19 Nov. 2019, P.W. Crous, cultures CPC 38983, 38985, ITS and
LSU sequences GenBank MZ064431.1 – MZ064432.1 and MZ064488.1–
MZ064489.1.
Notes — Knufia is ecologically diverse, including species
that are rock-inhabiting (Tsuneda et al. 2011), lichenicolous
(Untereiner et al. 2011), opportunistic human pathogens (Li &
Chen 2010), insect associates (He et al. 2013) and plant pathogens (Tsuneda & Currah 2005). Knufia hypolithi is related to
‘Phialocephala’ fluminis, from which it is morphologically and
phylogenetically distinct.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Phialocephala fluminis (strain WPF-48-12G,
GenBank KT000162.1; Identities = 544/551 (99 %), five gaps
(0 %)), Phialocephala fluminis (strain CBS 351.85, GenBank
MH861889.1; Identities = 594/619 (96 %), nine gaps (1 %)) and
Knufia perfecta (strain IRAN 2553C, GenBank MF062036.1;
Identities = 519/562 (92 %), 21 gaps (3 %)). The ITS sequences
of CPC 38983, 38985 and 38987 are identical (616/616 nucleotides). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Phialocephala
fluminis (strain CBS 351.85, GenBank MH873578.1; Identities
= 845/855 (99 %), two gaps (0 %)), Knufia perforans (strain
CBS 885.95, GenBank NG_042586.1; Identities = 827/ 845
(98 %), two gaps (0 %)) and Knufia sp. MV-2018 (strain MLT-8,
GenBank MT636937.1; Identities = 817/ 836 (98 %), two gaps
(0 %)). The LSU sequences of CPC 38983, 38985 and 38987
are identical (814/814 nucleotides).
Colour illustrations. Quartz stones and pebbles with lichen and hypolith
growth. Hyphae giving rise to chlamydospore-like propagules. Scale bars =
10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
376
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Knufia walvisbayicola
Fungal Planet description sheets
377
Fungal Planet 1206 – 13 July 2021
Knufia walvisbayicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Walvis Bay, Namibia, where it was collected.
Classification — Trichomeriaceae, Chaetothyriales, Eurotiomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale to dark brown hyphae, smooth,
septate, branched, frequently constricted at septa, 3–4 µm diam.
Conidia chlamydospore-like propagules, medium to dark brown,
subcylindrical to elongated ellipsoid-ovoid, brown, warty, guttulate, thick-walled, with 2 to numerous transverse and 1–6 oblique
or vertical septa, (20–)35–80(–170) × (9–)11–18(–30) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 8 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and reverse
umber; on PDA surface and reverse olivaceous grey; on OA
surface umber.
Typus. Namibia, Walvis Bay, from hypolith under a quartz stone, 19 Nov.
2019, P.W. Crous, HPC 3101 (holotype CBS H-24501, culture ex-type
CPC 38988 = CBS 146989, ITS, LSU, rpb1, tef1 (second part) and tub2
sequences GenBank MZ064433.1, MZ064490.1, MZ078188.1, MZ078251.1
and MZ078265.1, MycoBank MB 839520).
Additional material examined. Namibia, Walvis Bay, from hypolith under a
quartz stone, 19 Nov. 2019, P.W. Crous, HPC 3101, culture CPC 38984 = CBS
146990, ITS, LSU, rpb1, tef1 (second part) and tub2 sequences GenBank
MZ064434.1, MZ064491.1, MZ078189.1, MZ078252.1 and MZ078266.1.
Notes — Knufia walvisbayicola is related to K. marmoricola
(from marble stone, Vatican City; endoconidia 4.4–5.0 μm diam;
Isola et al. 2016), from which it is phylogenetically and morphologically distinct.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC 38988
had highest similarity to Knufia marmoricola (strain PiN-A2,
GenBank KY887804.1; Identities = 483/505 (96 %), nine gaps
(1 %)), Knufia petricola (strain 2Y43B, GenBank MT126632.1;
Identities = 464/486 (95 %), ten gaps (2 %)) and Knufia perforans (strain CBS 885.95, GenBank NR_121502.1; Identities =
569/596 (95 %), nine gaps (1 %)). The ITS sequences of CPC
38988 and 38984 differ by an extra thymine nucleotide at two
alignment positions (624/626 (99 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence of CPC 38988 are Knufia sp. MV-2018 (strain
MLT-8, GenBank MT636937.1; Identities = 850/852 (99 %),
no gaps), Knufia marmoricola (strain CCFEE 5716, GenBank
KR781074.1; Identities = 855/858 (99 %), no gaps) and Knufia
perforans (strain CBS 885.95, GenBank NG_042586.1; Identities = 855/858 (99 %), no gaps). The LSU sequences of CPC
38988 and 38984 are identical (796/796 (100 %)). Closest hits
using the rpb1 sequence of CPC 38988 had highest similarity
to Knufia sp. LS-2015b (strain CGMCC 3.17226, GenBank
KP226509.1; Identities = 565/593 (95 %), no gaps), Knufia
petricola (strain CBS 726.95, GenBank KC978743.1; Identities
= 575/631 (91 %), no gaps) and Glyphium elatum (strain CBS
268.34, GenBank FJ941902.1; Identities = 479/518 (92 %), no
gaps). The rpb1 sequences of CPC 38988 and 38984 are identical (682 /682 (100 %)). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence
of CPC 38988 had highest similarity to Knufia sp. LS-2015b
(strain CGMCC 3.17301, GenBank KP175012.1; Identities
= 881/917 (96 %), no gaps), Knufia petricola (strain A95,
GenBank MT859426.1; Identities = 895 /953 (94 %), no gaps)
and Knufia epidermidis (strain CGMCC 3.17300, GenBank
KP175014.1; Identities = 837/918 (91 %), two gaps (0 %)). Distant hits obtained using the tub2 sequence of CPC 38988 had
highest similarity to Phialophora americana (strain CBS 102234,
GenBank KU306351.1; Identities = 207/ 253 (82 %), nine gaps
(3 %)), Knufia peltigerae (strain CGMCC 3.17283, GenBank
KP226562.1; Identities = 173/204 (85 %), two gaps (0 %)) and
‘Anthracinomyces ramosus’ (strain CGMCC 3.16367, GenBank
KP226556.1; Identities = 175/207 (85 %), three gaps (1 %)).
The tub2 sequences of CPC 38988 and 38984 differ with three
independent substitutions (573 /576 (99 %)).
Colour illustrations. Quartz stone and pebbles with lichen and hypolith
growth. Hyphae giving rise to chlamydospore-like propagules. Scale bars =
10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
378
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Sordaria equicola
Fungal Planet description sheets
379
Fungal Planet 1207 – 13 July 2021
Sordaria equicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the substrate from which it was isolated, on
zebra (Equus zebra hartmannae) dung.
Classification — Sordariaceae, Sordariales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of smooth, pale brown, branched, septate,
1.5–2 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect, arising
from superficial hyphae, bearing a mucoid, crystalline conidial
mass, subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, branched, septate,
appearing tuft-like, with numerous lateral branches, 3–4 µm
diam, up to 80 µm tall. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal
and intercalary, occurring throughout conidiophore as small phialidic openings, 1 µm diam, up to 0.5 µm tall, inconspicuous collarettes, not flared, conidiogenous cells 3–10 µm long, 3–4 µm
diam. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, aseptate, pyriform,
apex subobtuse, base truncate, (3–)4(–4.5) × (2–)2.5(–3) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate to abundant aerial mycelium and smooth, even margin,
covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
and reverse olivaceous grey.
Typus. Namibia, Gravel plains north-east of Gobabeb - Namib Research
Institute, on zebra (Equus zebra hartmannae) dung, 20 Nov. 2019, P.W.
Crous, HPC 3103 (holotype CBS H-24504, culture ex-type CPC 38993 = CBS
146992, ITS, LSU, actA, rpb2, tef1 (first part) and tub2 sequences GenBank
MZ064435.1, MZ064492.1, MZ078151.1, MZ078202.1, MZ078226.1 and
MZ078267.1, MycoBank MB 839522).
Notes — Sordaria produces perithecia with asci containing
eight uniseriate ascospores that are obovoid or subglobose,
aseptate, smooth-walled, dark brown to black, pitted, reticulate
or striate, with various appendages or sheaths (Guarro et al.
2012). Sordaria equicola is related to S. fimicola, a species
commonly found in the feces of herbivores. Sordaria equicola
is only known from its asexual morph, making a morphological
comparison with other species impossible.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Sordaria fimicola (strain KoRLI047353, GenBank
MN341415.1; Identities = 569/573 (99 %), one gap (0 %)),
Asordaria humana (strain CBS 416.82, GenBank MH861509.1;
Identities = 569/573 (99 %), one gap (0 %)) and Sordaria macrospora (strain CBS 346.62, GenBank MH858175.1; Identities =
569 /573 (99 %), one gap (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU
sequence are Sordaria lappae (strain CBS 154.97, GenBank
MH874251.1; Identities = 807/808 (99 %), no gaps), Asordaria
humana (strain CBS 416.82, GenBank MH873255.1; Identities
= 807/808 (99 %), no gaps) and Sordaria islandica (strain CBS
512.77, GenBank MH872859.1; Identities = 807/808 (99 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the actA sequence had highest
similarity to Sordaria macrospora (strain k-hell, GenBank
XM_024655553.1; Identities = 398/405 (98 %), no gaps),
Neurospora crassa (strain OR74A, GenBank XM_011396324.1;
Identities = 394/405 (97 %), no gaps) and Neurospora tetrasperma (strain FGSC 2508, GenBank XM_009849372.1;
Identities = 393/405 (97 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the
rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Sordaria fimicola (strain
CBS 723.96, GenBank DQ368647.1; Identities = 844/882
(96 %), no gaps), Neurospora pannonica (strain TRTC51327,
GenBank AY780185.1; Identities = 863/902 (96 %), no gaps)
and Sordaria clematidis (voucher MFLU 16-2138, GenBank
MT394717.1; Identities = 803/842 (95 %), no gaps). Closest
hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Pseudoneurospora sp. (strain FMR 12156, GenBank HG326875.1;
Identities = 447/494 (90 %), 15 gaps (3 %)), Pseudoneurospora
amorphoporcata (strain CBS 626.80, GenBank FR774344.1;
Identities = 440/487 (90 %), 16 gaps (3 %)) and Neurospora
pannonica (strain FGSC 7221, GenBank FR774377.1; Identities = 425/483 (88 %), 17 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using the
tub2 sequence had highest similarity to Asordaria tenerifae
(strain CBS 264.86, GenBank AY681206.1; Identities = 447/480
(93 %), three gaps (0 %)), Pseudoneurospora amorphoporcata (strain CBS 626.80, GenBank FR774294.1; Identities
= 436 / 469 (93 %), seven gaps (1 %)) and Sordaria lappae
(strain CBS 154.97, GenBank AY681205.1; Identities = 448/482
(93 %), eight gaps (1 %)).
Colour illustrations. Zebras (Equus zebra hartmannae) in Namib Desert.
Zebra dung; hyphae giving rise to conidia on SNA. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
380
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Lapidomyces aloidendricola
381
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1208 – 13 July 2021
Lapidomyces aloidendricola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Aloidendron from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Teratosphaeriaceae, Mycosphaerellales,
Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of brown, finely verruculose, septate,
branched, 3 – 6 µm diam hyphae, aggregating into a dense
brown sporodochial stroma; upper layer developing brown cells,
4 –7 × 4 – 6 µm with minute pores giving rise to solitary conidia.
Conidia dry, ellipsoid to ovoid, brown, finely verruculose, aseptate (rarely 1-septate), (7–)8 –10(–12) × 6(–7) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with sparse aerial mycelium and lobate, even
margin, reaching 7 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA
and OA surface and reverse iron-grey.
Typus. South africa, Northern Cape Province, Nieuwoudtville, as epiphyte
on brown stem of Aloidendron dichotomum (Asphodelaceae), Nov. 2018,
P.W. Crous, HPC 3038 (holotype CBS H-24480, culture ex-type CPC 38703
= CBS 146968, ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064436.1,
MZ064493.1, MZ078203.1 and MZ078268.1, MycoBank MB 839523).
Notes — Lapidomyces aloidendricola is closely related to
L. hispanicus (isolated from rocks in Spain), a sterile hyphomycete with dark brown hyphae, constricted at their septa (Egidi
et al. 2014). Morphologically and phylogenetically, L. aloidendricola represents a distinct species.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Fungal sp. (strain TRN453, GenBank AY843151.1;
Identities = 464/467 (99 %), no gaps), Lapidomyces hispanicus (strain CBS 118355, GenBank NR_144960.1; Identities
= 453/468 (97 %), three gaps (0 %)) and Phaeothecoidea
melaleuca (strain CPC 17223, GenBank HQ599594.1; Identities = 508/536 (95 %), six gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Phaeothecoidea melaleuca (strain CPC
17223, GenBank HQ599595.1; Identities = 831/844 (98 %), four
gaps (0 %)), Xenoconiothyrium catenata (strain CMW 22113,
GenBank JN712570.1; Identities = 833 /849 (98 %), two gaps
(0 %)) and Neophaeothecoidea proteae (strain CBS 114129,
GenBank MH874518.1; Identities = 852/869 (98 %), no gaps).
Distant hits obtained using the rpb2 sequence had highest
similarity to Zasmidium eucalyptorum (strain CBS 118500,
GenBank MF951702.1; Identities = 377/492 (77 %), eight gaps
(1 %)), Zymoseptoria tritici (strain ST99CH_3D1, GenBank
LT854276.1; Identities = 349/455 (77 %), ten gaps (2 %))
and Constantinomyces oldenburgensis (strain T2.4, GenBank
LT976528.1; Identities = 618/855 (72 %), 34 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to Lapidomyces hispanicus (strain TRN500, GenBank KF546778.1;
Identities = 338 /407 (83 %), seven gaps (1 %)), Cladosporium
sphaerospermum (strain UBOCC-A-101110, GenBank
KJ596619.1; Identities = 344/415 (83 %), 20 gaps (4 %)) and
Cladosporium salinae (strain EXF-322, GenBank EF101403.1;
Identities = 396/496 (80 %), 32 gaps (6 %)).
Colour illustrations. Aloidendron dichotomum. Colony on SNA; conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
382
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Phaeosphaeriopsis sansevieriae
& Lasionectria sansevieriae
383
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1209 & 1210 – 13 July 2021
Phaeosphaeriopsis sansevieriae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Sansevieria from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata red-brown, globose, 80 – 300 µm diam, with central ostiole (40 – 60 µm diam), frequently densely aggregated;
wall of 6 – 8 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores
reduced to conidiogenous cells lining inner cavity, hyaline,
smooth, ampulliform, phialidic, 5–7 × 5–6 µm. Conidia solitary,
aseptate, golden brown, verruculose, ellipsoid to subcylindrical
with obtuse ends, (5 –)6(–7) × 3– 4 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and
OA surface and reverse buff.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Buffelskloof Nature
Reserve, on leaves of Sansevieria hyacinthoides (Ruscaceae), 23 Nov.
2018, P.W. Crous, HPC 3143 (holotype CBS H-24496, culture ex-type CPC
38956 = CBS 146984, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences GenBank MZ064438.1,
MZ064495.1 and MZ078204.1, MycoBank MB 839524).
Additional material examined. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela,
Buffelskloof Nature Reserve, on leaves of Sansevieria hyacinthoides (Ruscaceae), 23 Nov. 2018, P.W. Crous, HPC 3143 (CBS H-24540, culture CPC
39087 = CBS 147076, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences GenBank MZ064439.1,
MZ064496.1 and MZ078205.1).
Notes — Phaeosphaeriopsis was introduced by Câmara
et al. (2003) to accommodate several paraphaeosphaerialike taxa. Phaeosphaeriopsis sansevieriae formed only an
asexual morph in culture. It is closely related to P. obtusispora
(ascospores 17– 22 × 5 – 6 µm, on leaves Yucca gloriosa,
Argentina; Câmara et al. 2003), but is phylogenetically distinct
from that species.
(notes Phaeosphaeriopsis sansevieriae continues on
Supplementary material page FP1209 & 1210)
Lasionectria sansevieriae Crous & L. Zhao, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Sansevieria from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Bionectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, 2.5 – 3.5 µm diam
hyphae. Conidiophores solitary to aggregated, erect, flexuous,
subverticillate, up to 100 µm tall, 1– 3-septate. Conidiogenous
cells terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical to aculeate, 20–50
× 2.5–3(–4) µm, phialidic with periclinal thickening with minute
flared collarette, 1 µm long. Conidia solitary, aggregated in
mucoid droplet, smooth, hyaline, aseptate, fusoid-ellipsoid to
subcylindrical, straight, apex subobtuse, base truncate, granular, (6–)7–7.5(– 8) × (2.5–)3 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with abundant aerial mycelium and smooth, even margin, reaching 50 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface buff,
reverse buff to brick.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve, on leaves of Sansevieria hyacinthoides (Ruscaceae), Nov. 2018, P.W.
Crous, HPC 3143 (holotype CBS H-24485, culture ex-type CPC 38898 = CBS
146973, ITS, LSU and tef1 (first part) sequences GenBank MZ064437.1,
MZ064494.1 and MZ078227.1, MycoBank MB 839525).
Notes — Lasionectria sansevieriae is related to L. mantuana,
L. hilhorstii, Nectriopsis lecanodes and Acremonium cereale
(Lombard et al. 2015), but is phylogenetically and morphologically distinct, being an acremonium-like taxon in the Bionectriaceae. Further research is currently underway to redefine
genera in the family.
(notes Lasionectria sansevieriae continues on
Supplementary material page FP1209 & 1210)
Colour illustrations. Sansevieria hyacinthoides. Left column: Phaeosphaeropsis sansevieriae. Conidiomata on OA; conidiogenous cells giving
rise to conidia; conidia. Right column: Lasionectria sansevieriae. Conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 300 µm (conidiomata
of P. sansevierae), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
384
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Nothophaeotheca mirabibensis
385
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1211 – 13 July 2021
Nothophaeotheca Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to its morphological similarity to Neophaeotheca.
Classification — Neophaeothecaceae, Neophaeothecales,
Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of smooth, hyaline to green-brown, septate,
branched hyphae that give rise to microsclerotia, green-brown,
globose to ellipsoid, 20–120 µm diam, containing endoconidia,
globose, ellipsoid, green-brown, verruculose, muriformly septate, initially in clusters of 2 – 6, eventually disarticulating into
solitary, globose-ellipsoid conidia, thick-walled, verruculose to
warty, 0 –1-septate, ellipsoid-globose, (7–)8 – 9 × (6 –)7– 8 µm.
Type species. Nothophaeotheca mirabibensis Crous
MycoBank MB 839526.
Nothophaeotheca mirabibensis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the collection site, namely the Mirabib inselberg
in the Namib Desert, Namibia.
Mycelium consisting of smooth, hyaline to green-brown, septate,
branched hyphae that give rise to microsclerotia, green-brown,
globose to ellipsoid, 20–120 µm diam, containing endoconidia,
globose, ellipsoid, green-brown, verruculose, muriformly septate, initially in clusters of 2 – 6, eventually disarticulating into
solitary, globose-ellipsoid conidia, thick-walled, verruculose to
warty, 0 –1-septate, ellipsoid-globose, (7–)8 – 9 × (6 –)7– 8 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, surface folded,
with sparse aerial mycelium and lobate, uneven margin, reaching 6 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA
surface and reserve iron-grey.
Typus. Namibia, Gobabeb Namib Research Institute, Mirabib, on persistent inflorescence remains of Blepharis obmitrata (Acanthaceae), 19 Nov.
2019, P.W. Crous, HPC 3109 (holotype CBS H-24492, culture ex-type CPC
38944 = CBS 146980, ITS, LSU, actA, tef1 (first part) and tef1 (second part)
sequences GenBank MZ064440.1, MZ064497.1, MZ078152.1, MZ078228.1
and MZ078253.1, MycoBank MB 839527).
Notes — Nothophaeotheca is related to Neophaeotheca,
which is known to form a dematiaceous hyphomycetous morph
with endoconidia. Two species of Neophaeotheca are presently known from twigs and leaves of Salicornia meyeriana in
South Africa, and the humidifier of an air-conditioning system
in Belgium (Abdollahzadeh et al. 2020). Although morphologically similar, Nothophaeotheca is phylogenetically distinct from
Neophaeotheca.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Neophaeotheca salicorniae (strain CPC 27406,
GenBank NR_145401.1; Identities = 508/563 (90 %), 26 gaps
(4 %)), Neophaeotheca triangularis (strain CBS 471.90, GenBank NR_137142.1; Identities = 417/459 (91 %), 21 gaps (4 %))
and Phaeothecoidea melaleuca (strain CPC 17223, GenBank
HQ599594.1; Identities = 465/545 (85 %), 22 gaps (4 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Neophaeotheca
triangularis (strain CBS 471.90, GenBank NG_057776.1;
Identities = 839/856 (98 %), one gap (0 %)), Neophaeotheca
salicorniae (strain CBS 141299, GenBank NG_058237.1;
Identities = 813/834 (97 %), one gap (0 %)) and Fumagospora
capnodioides (strain CBS 131.34, GenBank EU019269.1;
Identities = 823 /860 (96 %), four gaps (0 %)). No significant
hits were obtained when the actA and tef1 sequences were
used in blastn and megablast searches.
Colour illustrations. Inflorescence remains of Blepharis obmitrata. Colony
on SNA; hyphae giving rise to endoconidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
386
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Preussia procaviicola
Fungal Planet description sheets
387
Fungal Planet 1212 – 13 July 2021
Preussia procaviicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Isolated from dung of Procavia capensis (rock rabbit).
Classification — Sporormiaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Ascomata pseudothecial, globose to pyriform, 200 – 300 µm
diam, smooth, black, central ostiolata; wall of 6 – 8 layers of
brown textura angularis. Pseudoparaphyses filiform, hyaline,
smooth, 3 – 4 µm diam, anastomosing, constricted at septa,
hyphae-like. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, cylindrical-clavate, stipitate, with ocular chamber, 85 –170 × 20 – 25 µm. Ascospores
biseriate, cylindrical with obtuse ends, becoming dark brown,
guttulate, transversely 3-septate, prominently constricted at
septa, two middle cells equal in length, 7.5 – 9 µm long, end
cells 11–14 µm long; germ slits oblique, gelatinous sheath not
persistent, (32 –)35 – 40(– 42) × (7–)8 – 9 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margin, reaching
35 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA and PDA surface
smoke grey, reverse olivaceous grey; on OA surface olivaceous
grey.
Typus. Namibia, Gobabeb Namib Research Institute, Mirabib, on dung
of Procavia capensis, 19 Nov. 2019, P.W. Crous, HPC 3110 (holotype CBS
H-24493, culture ex-type CPC 38946 = CBS 146981, ITS, LSU, tef1 (first
part) and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064441.1, MZ064498.1, MZ078229.1
and MZ078269.1, MycoBank MB 839528).
Notes — Preussia procaviicola was isolated from the same
dung sample as P. procaviae (Crous et al. 2020a), although the
latter is only known from its asexual morph. Preussia procaviicola is close to P. intermedia (ascospores 3-septate, 48–59 ×
9.5 –11.5 µm; Guarro et al. 2012), but morphologically distinct
from that species.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Preussia africana (strain A54, GenBank KX611037.1;
Identities = 515/539 (96 %), seven gaps (1 %)), Sporormiella
intermedia (strain 18THES003, GenBank MT856402.1; Identities = 498/522 (95 %), four gaps (0 %)) and Preussia lignicola (strain KoRLI046140, GenBank MN341249.1; Identities
= 509/535 (95 %), seven gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Preussia intermedia (strain CBS 364.69,
GenBank MH878451.1; Identities = 875/877 (99 %), one gap
(0 %)), Preussia minipascua (voucher UPS:Kruys 306, GenBank GQ203745.1; Identities = 868 /876 (99 %), one gap
(0 %)) and Preussia persica (strain GLMC 447, GenBank
MT156301.1; Identities = 841/849 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits
using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Preussia procaviae (strain CPC 38861, GenBank MW173126.1; Identities
= 370/484 (76 %), 44 gaps (9 %)), Synfenestella sorbi (strain
FRa, GenBank MK357595.1; Identities = 224/253 (89 %), three
gaps (1 %)) and Parafenestella alpina (strain C198, GenBank
MK357574.1; Identities = 225/256 (88 %), two gaps (0 %)).
Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to
Preussia lignicola (strain 18ALIC002, GenBank MT671880.1;
Identities = 385/444 (87 %), 17 gaps (3 %)), Sporormiella intermedia (strain 18THES003, GenBank MT881987.1; Identities =
375/441 (85 %), ten gaps (2 %)) and Preussia procaviae (strain
CPC 38861, GenBank MW173141.1; Identities = 340/389
(87 %), nine gaps (2 %)).
Colour illustrations. Mirabib, typical habitat of the rock rabbit in the Namib
Desert. Asci and ascospores. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
388
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Teratosphaeria combreti
Fungal Planet description sheets
389
Fungal Planet 1213 – 13 July 2021
Teratosphaeria combreti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Combretum from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Teratosphaeriaceae, Mycosphaerellales,
Dothideomycetes.
Ascomata not associated with leaf spots, but occurring on leaf
litter; pseudothecial, amphigenous, dark brown, erumpent,
50 – 80 µm diam, with central ostiole; wall of 3 – 4 layers of
brown textura angularis. Asci 8-spored, stipitate, fasciculate,
bitunicate, obovoid, with narrow ocular chamber, 23 – 29 ×
5 – 6 µm. Ascospores multiseriate, guttulate, fusoid-ellipsoid,
widest above septum, not constricted at median septum, thickwalled, without mucoid sheath, hyaline, smooth, 7–8 × 2.5–3 µm;
ascospores germinating from both ends, with germ tubes parallel to the long axis, swelling at median septum, remaining
hyaline, 5 –7 µm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth,
lobate margin, reaching 20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA, PDA and OA surface and reverse olivaceous grey.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve, on leaf litter of Combretum kraussii (Combretaceae), Nov. 2018, P.W.
Crous, HPC 3145 (holotype CBS H-24497, culture ex-type CPC 38958 = CBS
146985, ITS, LSU, cmdA, rpb2, tef1 (first part) and tub2 sequences GenBank
MZ064442.1, MZ064499.1, MZ078165.1, MZ078206.1, MZ078230.1 and
MZ078270.1, MycoBank MB 839530).
Notes — Teratosphaeria combreti is related to T. agapanthi
(on Agapanthus spp., ascospores (17–)18 – 20(– 21) × 4.5 – 5
(–6) μm; Crous et al. 2011, 2020b). Both species occur on host
plants indigenous to South Africa. Morphologically, however,
they can easily be distinguished based on their ascospore
dimensions.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria agapanthi (strain CBS 129192,
GenBank NR_169894.1; Identities = 507/531 (95 %), one gap
(0 %)), Teratosphaeria hortaea (strain CBS 124156, GenBank
MH863358.; Identities = 498/537 (93 %), nine gaps (1 %)) and
Teratosphaeria considenianae (strain CPC 15009, GenBank
MN162031.1; Identities = 489/528 (93 %), six gaps (1 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Teratosphaeria agapanthi (strain CPC 18266, GenBank JF770471.1; Identities =
879/882 (99 %), no gaps), Teratosphaeria hortaea (strain CBS
124156, GenBank MH874881.1; Identities = 871/879 (99 %),
no gaps) and Teratosphaeria miniata (strain CBS 125006, GenBank GQ852711.1; Identities = 837/845 (99 %), no gaps).
Distant hits obtained using the cmdA sequence had highest
similarity to Austroafricana parva (strain CPC 12249, GenBank
KF902533.1; Identities = 287/304 (94 %), no gaps), Penidiella
columbiana (strain CBS 486.80, GenBank KF902594.1; Identities = 285/305 (93 %), no gaps) and Euteratosphaeria verrucosiafricana (strain CBS 118497, GenBank KF902541.1; Identities
= 281/305 (92 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence
had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria cryptica (strain CBS
111663, GenBank KX348101.1; Identities = 691/871 (79 %),
15 gaps (1 %)), Teratosphaeria sieberi (strain CPC 32099,
GenBank MH327872.1; Identities = 690/871 (79 %), 19 gaps
(2 %)) and Teratosphaeria stellenboschiana (strain CBS 125215,
GenBank MF951743.1; Identities = 682/868 (79 %), 13 gaps
(1 %)). Distant hits using the tef1 sequence had highest
similarity to Teratosphaeria corymbiicola (strain CBS 146047,
GenBank MN556823.1; Identities = 291/365 (80 %), 26 gaps
(7 %)), Teratosphaeria pseudocryptica (strain CPC 29430,
GenBank MN162366.1; Identities = 280 /353 (79 %), 20 gaps
(5 %)) and Teratosphaeria fibrillosa (strain CBS 121707,
GenBank KF903305.1; Identities = 284/357 (80 %), 32 gaps
(8 %)).Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria gracilis (strain CBS 145090, GenBank
MK047583.1; Identities = 438/530 (83 %), 27 gaps (5 %)), Teratosphaeria dunnii (strain CBS 145548, GenBank MK876504.1;
Identities = 433/537 (81 %), 22 gaps (4 %)) and Teratosphaeria
henryi (strain CBS 145539, GenBank MK876505.1; Identities
= 431/536 (80 %), 29 gaps (5 %)).
Colour illustrations. Combretum kraussii. Leaf spot with ascomata; asci
with ascospores; ascospores; germinating ascospores. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
390
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Neochaetothyrina syzygii
391
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1214 – 13 July 2021
Neochaetothyrina Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to its morphological similarity to Chaetothyrina.
Classification — Phaeothecoidiellaceae, Mycosphaerellales,
Dothideomycetes.
Leaf spots absent, saprobic. Ascomata hypophyllous, superficial on leaf tissue, brown, developing beneath a brown mycelial
layer, globose, cupulate when dry, surface of brown textura epidermoidea, wall of 2–3 layers of brown textura angularis; outer
wall of ascomata forming brown, radiating superficial hyphae,
branched, septate, anastomosing, with mucoid sheath, constricted at septa; hyphopodia not seen. Setae arising from outer
wall of ascoma, dark brown, verruculose to warty, thick-walled,
flexuous, multi-septate, tapering to subobtuse apex, at times
also arising from superficial mycelium surrounding ascoma,
with basal T-cell, slightly swollen. Pseudoparaphyses hyaline,
smooth, cellular, constricted at septa, anastomosing. Asci arranged in basal layer, obovoid to broadly ellipsoid, bitunicate,
8-spored, with apical chamber. Ascospores multiseriate, hyaline, smooth, thick-walled, guttulate, granular, fusoid-ellipsoid,
straight or curved, apex subobtuse, tapering to obtuse base,
constricted at median septum, widest above septum, encased
in mucoid sheath.
Type species. Neochaetothyrina syzygii Crous
MycoBank MB 839531.
Neochaetothyrina syzygii Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Syzygium from which it was
isolated.
Leaf spots absent, saprobic. Ascomata hypophyllous, superficial
on leaf tissue, brown, developing beneath a brown mycelial
layer, globose, 100 – 200 µm diam, cupulate when dry, surface
of brown textura epidermoidea, wall of 2 – 3 layers of brown
textura angularis; outer wall of ascomata forming brown, radiating superficial hyphae, branched, septate, anastomosing, with
mucoid sheath, constricted at septa, 3–6 µm diam; hyphopodia
not seen. Setae arising from outer wall of ascoma, dark brown,
verruculose to warty, thick-walled, flexuous, 4 –15-septate,
tapering to subobtuse apex, 3 – 4 µm diam, up to 300 µm long,
7–10 µm diam at base, at times also arising from superficial
mycelium surrounding ascoma, with basal T-cell, slightly swollen. Pseudoparaphyses hyaline, smooth, cellular, constricted
at septa, anastomosing, 3 – 4 µm diam. Asci arranged in basal
layer, obovoid to broadly ellipsoid, bitunicate, 8-spored, with
apical chamber, 5–6 µm diam, 30–40 × 20–25 µm. Ascospores
multiseriate, hyaline, smooth, thick-walled, guttulate, granular,
fusoid-ellipsoid, straight or curved, apex subobtuse, tapering
to obtuse base, constricted at median septum, widest above
septum, encased in mucoid sheath, (16 –)17–18(– 22) × (5 –)
6(–7) µm. Ascospores germinating from both ends, becoming
brown and verruculose, swollen and distorted, 7– 8 µm diam,
but not developing additional septa in ascospore.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, with sparse
aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 4 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface and
reverse olivaceous grey.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Lowveld Botanical Garden, on leaves of Syzygium cordatum (Myrtaceae), Nov. 2018, P.W. Crous,
HPC 3157 (holotype CBS H-24537, culture ex-type CPC 39051 = CBS
147073, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences GenBank MZ064443.1, MZ064500.1
and MZ078207.1, MycoBank MB 839532).
Notes — When freshly collected leaves colonised by Neochaetothyrina syzygii are incubated in moist chambers, ascomata develop within 1 wk. However, the upper wall is a covering membrane of hyphae, that easily separates during slide
preparation, leaving a layer of near naked asci embedded in a
brown mucilaginous mass. Neochaetothyrina is reminiscent of
Chaetothyrina (Hongsanan et al. 2017), but the latter species
lacks superficial hyphae and setae.
Neochaetothyrina syzygii was also compared to Chaetothyrium
syzygii (on Syzygium cordatum, Kwazulu-Natal, PREM 33103),
but the latter had hyaline, fusoid ascospores that become brown
and 3-septate at maturity, 20 × 6 –7 µm. Furthermore, Asterina
syzygii (on Syzygium gerrardi, Woodbush, Limpopo Province,
PREM 17755) had 1-septate, slightly constricted, brown, finely
verruculose ascospores, 27.5 – 35 × 14 –17 µm.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Chaetothyrina guttulata (strain MFLUCC 14-0539,
GenBank MN462949.1; Identities = 412/481 (86 %), 23 gaps
(4 %)), Xenosonderhenia syzygii (strain MEFC132, GenBank
MK732144.1; Identities = 354/399 (89 %), 17 gaps (4 %)) and
Pseudosasa guanxianensis (clone 8, GenBank KT006327.1;
Identities = 353/399 (88 %), 17 gaps (4 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Chaetothyrina artocarpi (strain MFLUCC
15-1082, GenBank MF614834.1; Identities = 802/823 (97 %),
one gap (0 %)), Chaetothyrina guttulata (strain MFLUCC 140539, GenBank MN462949.1; Identities = 830/852 (97 %),
one gap (0 %)) and Houjia yanglingensis (strain CBS 125225,
GenBank NG_064220.1; Identities = 835/860 (97 %), one
gap (0 %)). Distant hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest
similarity to Houjia pomigena (strain CBS 125224, GenBank
MF951422.1; Identities = 640/801 (80 %), two gaps (0 %)),
Hyalocercosporidium desmodii (strain CBS 142179, GenBank
MF951503.1; Identities = 660/880 (75 %), 26 gaps (2 %)) and
Stromatoseptoria castaneicola (strain CBS 102322, GenBank
MF951681.1; Identities = 665/888 (75 %), 24 gaps (2 %)).
Colour illustrations. Syzygium cordatum. Ascomata on leaf surface with
setae; setae; asci and ascospores; germinating ascospores. Scale bars =
200 µm (ascomata), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Elna J. van der Linde, Plant Microbiology, ARC-Plant Health Protection, P. Bag X134, Queenswood 0121,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: VDLindeE@arc.agric.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
392
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Seiridium syzygii
Fungal Planet description sheets
393
Fungal Planet 1215 – 13 July 2021
Seiridium syzygii Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Syzygium from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Sporocadaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata stromatic, separate, globose, immersed to erumpent, black, up to 300 μm diam, unilocular; walls of 3 – 6 layers
of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner
cavity, subcylindrical, unbranched or branched below, hyaline,
1– 3-septate, smooth, up to 40 μm long. Conidiogenous cells
discrete, integrated, subcylindrical, 7–13 × 2.5 – 3 μm, with
several percurrent proliferations near apex. Conidia fusoid, wall
smooth, not constricted at septa, 5-septate with central pore,
guttulate, (24–)25–28(–31) × 8(–10) μm, wall 1.5 μm thick, with
appendages; basal cell obconic, subhyaline to pale brown with
a single, unbranched central appendage, 5 –12 μm; apical cell
broadly conical to bluntly rounded, subhyaline to pale brown
with central appendage, unbranched, 5 –12 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and lobate, smooth margin, reaching
35 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface pale grey
olivaceous, reverse sienna in middle, umber in outer region;
on PDA surface and reverse grey olivaceous; on OA surface
olivaceous grey.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Lowveld Botanical Garden, on twigs of Syzygium cordatum (Myrtaceae), Nov. 2018, P.W. Crous,
HPC 3149 (holotype CBS H-24543, culture ex-type CPC 39149 = CBS
147078, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MZ064444.1 and MZ064501.1,
MycoBank MB 839533).
Additional material examined. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela,
Lowveld Botanical Garden, on twigs of Syzygium cordatum (Myrtaceae),
Nov. 2018, P.W. Crous, HPC 3149 (CBS H-24482, culture CPC 38822 = CBS
146970, ITS, LSU, tef1 (first part) and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064445.1,
MZ064502.1, MZ078231.1 and MZ078271.1).
Notes — Seiridium syzygii has conidia that are similar to
those of S. podocarpi (on Podocarpus latifolius, South Africa,
(23 –)25 – 28(– 30) × (8 –)9 –10 μm; Crous et al. 2014a, Bonthond et al. 2018), but it has shorter conidiophores and conidiogenous cells, and is also phylogenetically distinct from the
latter species.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
39149 had highest similarity to Seiridium podocarpi (strain
CBS 137995, GenBank NR_156589.1; Identities = 584/588
(99 %), no gaps), Seiridium camelliae (strain MFLUCC 120647, GenBank NR_158886.1; Identities = 525/534 (98 %),
three gaps (0 %)) and Seiridium cancrinum (strain CBS 226.55,
GenBank NR_160577.1; Identities = 567/597 (95 %), nine gaps
(1 %)). The ITS sequences of CPC 39149 and 38822 differ by
a single substitution (586/587 (99 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence of CPC 39149 are Seiridium cardinale (strain
CBS 172.56, GenBank MH869107.1; Identities = 877/877
(100 %), no gaps), Seiridium neocupressi (strain CBS 142625,
GenBank MH554329.1; Identities = 834/834 (100 %), no gaps)
and Nothoseiridium podocarpi (strain CPC 36967, GenBank
MT373346.1; Identities = 869/870 (99 %), no gaps). The LSU
sequences of CPC 39149 and 38822 are identical (849/849
(100 %)). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence of CPC 38822
had highest similarity to Seiridium podocarpi (strain CBS
137995, GenBank LT853198.1; Identities = 501/540(93 %), five
gaps (0 %)), Seiridium eucalypti (strain CBS 343.97, GenBank
LT853196.1; Identities = 474/545 (87 %), 23 gaps (4 %)) and
Seiridium kartense (as Seiridium sp. GB-2017a; strain CBS
142629, GenBank LT853197.1; Identities = 468/542 (86 %),
18 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using the tub2 sequence of CPC
38822 had highest similarity to Seiridium podocarpi (strain CBS
137995, GenBank LT853248.1; Identities = 667/ 710 (94 %),
six gaps (0 %)), Seiridium cupressi (strain CMW18607, GenBank DQ926979.1; Identities = 290/312 (93 %), two gaps
(0 %)) and Seiridium persooniae (strain CBS 143445, GenBank
MG386163.1; Identities = 367/403 (91 %), four gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Leaves of Syzygium cordatum. Conidiomata on OA;
conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 300 µm
(conidiomata), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
394
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Setophoma syzygii
Fungal Planet description sheets
395
Fungal Planet 1216 – 13 July 2021
Setophoma syzygii Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Syzygium from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, globose, brown, 150–250 µm diam, multilocular, aggregated in a brown stroma with several apical ostioles, oozing a crystalline mucoid mass; outer surface covered in
brown, flexuous setae, subcylindrical, brown, base verruculose,
septate, up to 70 µm tall, 3 – 4 µm diam, terminating in obtuse
ends. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining
the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform, 5 –7 × 3 – 4 µm,
phialidic with prominent periclinal thickening. Conidia solitary,
hyaline, smooth, guttulate, aseptate, subcylindrical, ends obtuse, slightly curved, (3 –)4 – 5 × (2 –)2.5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA
surface and reverse olivaceous grey, outer region apricot; on
PDA surface and reverse isabelline in centre, outer region rosy
buff; on OA surface brown vinaceous with patches of rosy buff.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Lowveld Botanical Garden, on leaves of Syzygium sp. (Myrtaceae), Nov. 2018, P.W. Crous, HPC
3166 (holotype CBS H-24488, culture ex-type CPC 38921 = CBS 146976,
ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064446.1, MZ064503.1 and
MZ078272.1, MycoBank MB 839534).
Notes — Setophoma is characterised by having setose conidiomatal pycnidia, phialidic conidiogenous cells and hyaline,
ellipsoidal to subcylindrical, aseptate conidia (De Gruyter et
al. 2010, Quaedvlieg et al. 2013, Liu et al. 2019). Setophoma
syzygii is related to S. chromolaenae (on Chromolaena odorata,
Brazil, conidia (4.5–)5–6(–7) × (2–)2.5(–3) μm; Quaedvlieg et
al. 2013), but is morphologically and phylogenetically distinct
from that species.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had
highest similarity to Setophoma chromolaena (strain AM01,
GenBank KM246158.1; Identities = 564/ 565 (99 %), no
gaps), Setophoma vernoniae (strain CBS 137988, GenBank
NR_168153.1; Identities = 573/583 (98 %), no gaps) and Setophoma caverna (strain LF2095, GenBank MK511927.1; Identities = 491/508 (97 %), two gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Setophoma vernoniae (strain CBS
137988, GenBank KJ869198.1; Identities = 883/883 (100 %),
no gaps), Setophoma endophytica (strain CGMCC 3.19528,
GenBank NG_070083.1; Identities = 882/882 (100 %), no
gaps) and Setophoma antiqua (as Setophoma sp. FL-2019a;
strain LF1237, GenBank MK511947.1; Identities = 882/882
(100 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had
highest similarity to Setophoma vernoniae (strain CBS 137988,
GenBank MK540177.1; Identities = 501/530 (95 %), two gaps
(0 %)), Setophoma endophytica (strain LC3163, GenBank
MK525020.1; Identities = 481/523 (92 %), eight gaps (1 %)),
Setophoma antiqua (strain LC6595, GenBank MK525000.1;
Identities = 466/504 (92 %), seven gaps (1 %)) and Setophoma
chromolaenae (strain CBS 135105, GenBank KF252728.1;
Identities = 274/295 (93 %), one gap (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Lowveld Botanical Garden. Conidioma on OA; setae;
conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 250 µm
(conidioma), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
396
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Paramycosphaerella syzygii
397
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1217 – 13 July 2021
Paramycosphaerella syzygii Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Syzygium from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Mycosphaerellales,
Dothideomycetes.
On SNA. Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, septate,
branched, 1.5 – 2.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores 0 – 2-septate, brown, smooth, erect, branched or not, subcylindrical,
15–50 × 4–5 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal and
intercalary, brown, smooth, subcylindrical, 10 – 20 × 4 – 5 µm,
proliferating sympodially with 1– 3 loci, thickened, darkened,
refractive, 2 – 3 µm diam. Conidia solitary, brown, smooth, guttulate, obclavate, apex subobtuse, straight to slightly curved,
2 – 6-septate, (35 –)50 –70(– 90) × (3 –)4 – 4.5 µm; scars thickened, darkened, refractive, 2 – 3 µm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 7 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and
OA surface olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Lowveld Botanical
Garden, on leaf litter of Syzygium cordatum (Myrtaceae), Nov. 2018, P.W.
Crous, HPC 3157 (holotype CBS H-24499, culture ex-type CPC 38964 = CBS
146987, ITS, LSU, actA, cmdA, tef1 (first part) and tub2 sequences GenBank
MZ064447.1, MZ064504.1, MZ078153.1, MZ078166.1, MZ078232.1 and
MZ078273.1, MycoBank MB 839535).
Notes — Paramycosphaerella syzygii forms a passalora-like
asexual morph in culture. On the host tissue, however, it formed
synnemata, which were absent in culture. Videira et al. (2017)
commented that Paramycosphaerella was heterogeneous, and
although most species were known by their sexual morphs, some
had zasmidium- or pseudocercospora-like asexual morphs.
Phylogenetically and morphologically, P. syzygii is distinct from
other species described in the genus.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Paramycosphaerella dicranopteridis (strain TNM
3953, GenBank NR_155639.1; Identities = 478/507 (94 %),
five gaps (0 %)), Paramycosphaerella blechni (strain CPC
24698, GenBank NR_155663.1; Identities = 478/513 (93 %),
ten gaps (1 %)) and Mycosphaerella rosigena (strain CBS
330.51, GenBank GU214632.1; Identities = 476/511 (93 %),
nine gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are
Paramycosphaerella brachystegiae (strain CBS 136436, GenBank NG_058048.1; Identities = 859/866 (99 %), no gaps),
Hyalozasmidium aerohyalinosporum (strain CPC 14636, GenBank NG_059440.1; Identities = 838/846 (99 %), no gaps),
Virosphaerella irregularis (strain CBS 123242, GenBank
MH874810.1; Identities = 843/853 (99 %), no gaps) and Piricauda paraguayensis (strain VIC 31785.52, GenBank KJ459712.1;
Identities = 790/795 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits using
the actA sequence had highest similarity to Mycosphaerella
musae (strain CIRAD-AUS, GenBank MW070780.1; Identities
= 536/601 (89 %), 15 gaps (2 %)), Paramycosphaerella watsoniae (strain CBS 146064, GenBank MN556790.1; Identities
= 544/614 (89 %), 23 gaps (3 %)) and Paramycosphaerella
marksii (strain CBS 110750, GenBank KF903404.1; Identities
= 486/544 (89 %), seven gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the
cmdA sequence had highest similarity to Hyalozasmidium
aerohyalinosporum (strain CBS 125011, GenBank KF902788.1;
Identities = 328/367 (89 %), ten gaps (2 %)), Septoria steviae
(strain NCSep12, GenBank MH532378.1; Identities = 278/304
(91 %), no gaps) and Nothopassalora personata (strain IRAN
3479C, GenBank MN422408.1; Identities = 283/312 (91 %),
no gaps). No significant hits were obtained when the tef1 and
tub2 sequences were used in blastn and megablast searches.
Colour illustrations. Syzygium cordatum. Conidiogenous cells giving rise
to conidia on SNA; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
398
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Paramycosphaerella pterocarpi
399
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1218 – 13 July 2021
Paramycosphaerella pterocarpi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Pterocarpus from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Mycosphaerellales,
Dothideomycetes.
On SNA: Conidiomata solitary, erumpent, subglobose, brown,
30 –100 µm diam with central ostiole, solitary or in chains,
linked by a brown stroma; wall of 2 – 4 layers of brown textura
angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells, in
dense clusters, hyaline, smooth to pale brown, verruculose,
ampulliform, 3 – 6 × 2.5 – 3 µm, phialidic with periclinal thickening, with age developing percurrent proliferations. Conidia
exuding from conidioma in mucoid droplets, aseptate, smooth,
hyaline, subcylindrical, guttulate to granular, apex subobtuse,
base truncate, (4 –)6 –7 × (1.5–)2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth,
lobate margin, reaching 12 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA surface and reverse greenish olivaceous with patches
of pale mouse grey; on PDA surface and reverse luteous with
patches of greenish olivaceous; on OA surface pale mouse
grey.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve, on leaves of Pterocarpus angolensis (Fabaceae), Nov. 2018, P.W.
Crous, HPC 3137 (holotype CBS H-24535, culture ex-type CPC 39035
= CBS 147071, ITS, LSU, actA, cmdA, rpb2, tef1 (first part) and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064449.1, MZ064506.1, MZ078154.1, MZ078167.1,
MZ078208.1, MZ078233.1 and MZ078275.1, MycoBank MB 839536).
Notes — Paramycosphaerella pterocarpi is related to Paramycosphaerella watsoniae (conidia aseptate, fusoid-ellipsoid,
(3.5 –)4 – 5(– 6) × 2 μm; Crous et al. 2019d), but can be distinguished based on its morphology, and phylogeny.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Paramycosphaerella watsoniae (strain CPC 37392,
GenBank NR_166341.1; Identities = 520/528 (98 %), one
gap (0 %)), Paramycosphaerella sticheri (strain CPC 24720,
GenBank NR_155660.1; Identities = 485/511 (95 %), two gaps
(0 %)) and Paramycosphaerella wachendorfiae (strain CPC
18338, GenBank NR_156547.1; Identities = 481/516 (93 %),
eight gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are
Paramycosphaerella brachystegiae (strain CBS 136436, GenBank NG_058048.1; Identities = 864/866 (99 %), no gaps),
Paramycosphaerella watsoniae (strain CPC 37392, GenBank
NG_068339.1; Identities = 846/848 (99 %), no gaps) and Paramycosphaerella dicranopteridis-flexuosae (strain CPC 24743,
GenBank NG_059577.1; Identities = 805/808 (99 %), one
gap (0 %)). Closest hits using the actA sequence had highest similarity to Paramycosphaerella watsoniae (strain CBS
146064, GenBank MN556790.1; Identities = 552/584 (95 %),
five gaps (0 %)), Mycosphaerella musae (strain CIRADCOK
003, GenBank MW070786.1; Identities = 524/580 (90 %), five
gaps (0 %)) and Paramycosphaerella intermedia (strain CBS
114356, GenBank KF903466.1; Identities = 491/538 (91 %),
four gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the cmdA sequence had
highest similarity to Paramycosphaerella watsoniae (strain
CBS 146064, GenBank MN556795.1; Identities = 405/428
(95 %), no gaps), Hyalozasmidium aerohyalinosporum (strain
CBS 125011, GenBank KF902788.1; Identities = 269/294
(91 %), no gaps) and Nothopassalora personata (strain IRAN
3479C, GenBank MN422408.1; Identities = 278/309 (90 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Paramycosphaerella watsoniae (strain CBS
146064, GenBank MN556814.1; Identities = 733/793 (92 %),
no gaps), Virosphaerella pseudomarksii (strain CBS 123241,
GenBank MF951686.1; Identities = 679/864 (79 %), 26 gaps
(3 %)) and Mycosphaerelloides madeirae (strain CBS 115936,
GenBank KX288443.1; Identities = 635/824 (77 %), ten gaps
(1 %)). Distant hits obtained using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Mycosphaerella musae (strain CIRAD-MTQ
1241, GenBank MW071103.1; Identities = 315/381 (83 %),
24 gaps (6 %)), Brunneosphaerella nitidae (strain CPC 15231,
GenBank JN712581.1; Identities = 313/380 (82 %), 30 gaps
(7 %)) and Brunneosphaerella protearum (strain CPC 18328,
GenBank JN712585.1; Identities = 307/378 (81 %), 27 gaps
(7 %)). Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to Paramycosphaerella intermedia (strain CBS 114356,
GenBank KF902845.1; Identities = 275/329 (84 %), 12 gaps
(3 %)), Paramycosphaerella marksii (strain CBS 110920,
GenBank KF902848.1; Identities = 270/328 (82 %), ten gaps
(3 %)) and Zasmidium podocarpi (strain CBS 142529, GenBank
KY979930.1; Identities = 307/383 (80 %), 21 gaps (5 %)).
Colour illustrations. Buffelskloof Nature Reserve. Conidiomata on PDA;
conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 100 µm
(conidiomata), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
400
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Volutella salvadorae
Fungal Planet description sheets
401
Fungal Planet 1219 – 13 July 2021
Volutella salvadorae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Salvadora from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiophores dimorphic. Subverticillium-like conidiophores
erect, solitary, at times aggregated into synnemata, subcylindrical, smooth, unbranched or branched below, 3 – 8-septate,
100 – 200 × 3 – 4 µm. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, hyaline,
smooth, subcylindrical with apical taper, arranged in 2 – 3
whorls, 10 – 25 × 2 – 3 µm, with apical flared collarette, 1– 2 µm
long. Conidia solitary, cylindrical, apex obtuse, base tapering
abruptly to truncate hilum, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, (6 –)10 –
12(–15) × 2(– 2.5) µm. Conidiomata sporodochial, white, with
mucoid conidial mass, arising from submerged hyphae, forming
a layer of branched, 2–3-septate conidiophores, subcylindrical,
hyaline, smooth, 20 – 35 × 3 – 4 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, hyaline, smooth, doliiform, phialidic with
minute marginal frill, 6 –11 × 3 – 4 µm. Setae arising throughout
conidioma within conidiogenous apparatus, replacing phialides on conidiophore, thick-walled, hyaline, smooth, flexuous,
sparingly septate, tapering to acutely rounded apex, 50 –150 ×
2.5 – 3 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, even margin, reaching 25 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA
and OA surface and reverse luteous.
Typus. Namibia, Walvis Bay, on stems of Salvadora persica (Salvadoraceae), 20 Nov. 2019, P.W. Crous, HPC 3120 (holotype CBS H-24534, culture
ex-type CPC 39017 = CBS 147070, ITS, LSU, actA, cmdA, rpb2, tef1 (first
part) and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064450.1, MZ064507.1, MZ078155.1,
MZ078168.1, MZ078209.1, MZ078234.1 and MZ078276.1, MycoBank MB
839537).
Notes — Volutella salvadorae is related to several species of
Volutella (see Gräfenhan et al. 2011), including V. consors (setae
250 – 260 µm long, conidia (4.5 –)5 –7(–13) × 1.5 – 2.5(– 3) µm;
Samuels 1977), from which it is phylogenetically distinct.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had
highest similarity to Volutella consors (strain CBS 139.79,
GenBank KM231768.1; Identities = 544/566 (96 %), two gaps
(0 %)), Lauriomyces sakaeratensis (voucher SFC 01642,
GenBank KX649976.1; Identities = 547/571 (96 %), nine gaps
(1 %)) and Volutella citrinella (strain DAOM 226720, GenBank
HQ897821.1; Identities = 543/567 (96 %), five gaps (0 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Volutella ciliata (strain
CBS 127312, GenBank MH875955.1; Identities = 796/803
(99 %), no gaps), Volutella rosea (strain CBS 128258, GenBank KM231634.1; Identities = 796/803 (99 %), no gaps) and
Volutella roseola (strain CBS 377.55, GenBank MH869058.1;
Identities = 792/800 (99 %), one gap (0 %)). Closest hits using the actA sequence had highest similarity to Volutella consors (strain CBS 122767, GenBank KM231160.1; Identities =
615/669 (92 %), ten gaps (1 %)), Volutella ciliata (strain CBS
483.61, GenBank KM231163.1; Identities = 609/693 (88 %),
34 gaps (4 %)) and Volutella rosea (strain CBS 128258, GenBank KM231162.1; Identities = 610/695 (88 %), 35 gaps (5 %)).
Closest hits using the cmdA sequence had highest similarity to
Volutella consors (strain CBS 122767, GenBank KM231333.1;
Identities = 495/621 (80 %), 26 gaps (4 %)), Volutella ciliata (strain CBS 483.61, GenBank KM231336.1; Identities =
356/436 (82 %), 15 gaps (3 %)) and Volutella rosea (strain CBS
128258, GenBank KM231335.1; Identities = 358/439 (82 %), 19
gaps (4 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest
similarity to Volutella citrinella (strain DAOM 226720, GenBank
HQ897770.1; Identities = 724/829 (87 %), two gaps (0 %)),
Volutella consors (strain CBS 328.77, GenBank HQ897716.1;
Identities = 722/828 (87 %), no gaps) and Volutella ciliata (strain
CBS 426.52, GenBank MH936691.1; Identities = 706/837
(84 %), six gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence
had highest similarity to Volutella consors (strain CBS 122767,
GenBank KM231898.1; Identities = 383/476 (80 %), 28 gaps
(5 %)), Thelonectria jungneri (strain G.J.S.10-127, GenBank
KJ022367.1; Identities = 236/270 (87 %), 13 gaps (4 %)) and
Lanatonectria flavolanata (strain 5622, GenBank HM054073.1;
Identities = 233/267 (87 %), 14 gaps (5 %)). Closest hits using
the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to Volutella consors (strain CBS 122767, GenBank KM232025.1; Identities =
547/650 (84 %), 28 gaps (4 %)), Volutella rosea (strain CBS
128258, GenBank KM232027.1; Identities = 415/486 (85 %),
23 gaps (4 %)) and Gliocladiopsis indonesiensis (strain CBS
116090, GenBank JQ666132.1; Identities = 409/481 (85 %),
28 gaps (5 %)).
Colour illustrations. Walvis Bay, Namibia. Conidiophores on PNA and
SNA; conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
402
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Neocelosporium corymbiae
403
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1220 – 13 July 2021
Neocelosporium corymbiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Corymbia from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Neocelosporiaceae, Neocelosporiales, Dothideomycetes.
Colonies erumpent, forming sporodochia with radiating hyphae.
Mycelium consisting of brown, smooth, thick-walled, 5 –7 µm
diam hyphae encased in mucoid sheath; hyphae aggregate to
form a brown stroma that gives rise to sporodochia. Conidiogenous cells integrated on hyphae and on stroma, reduced to
loci, phialidic with pore slightly darkened and flared, 2 – 4 µm
diam, cells 5 –10 µm long. Conidia solitary, aseptate, hyaline,
smooth, ellipsoid, thick-walled, guttulate, apex obtuse, tapering
to truncate hilum, 1.5–2 µm diam, with age becoming medianly
1-septate, brown, encased in mucoid sheath, (8–)10–11(–13) ×
(3.5 –)4(– 5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, even margin, reaching
4 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
and reverse brown vinaceous.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Dyraaba, private plantation, on stems
of Corymbia variegata (Myrtaceae), Nov. 2015, A.J. Carnegie, HPC 3216
(holotype CBS H-24548, culture ex-type CPC 39297 = CBS 147080, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MZ064452.1 and MZ064509.1, MycoBank
MB 839538).
Notes — Neocelosporium corymbiae is closely related to
N. eucalypti (on Eucalyptus cyanophylla, Mildura, Mungo National Park, primary conidia 5 –12 × 3 – 5 μm, becoming brown,
thick-walled and swollen with age; Crous et al. 2018a), but is
morphologically and phylogenetically distinct from the latter
species.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Neocelosporium eucalypti (strain CBS 145086,
GenBank NR_164293.1; Identities = 559/578 (97 %), two
gaps (0 %)), Celosporium larixicola (strain L3-1, GenBank
FJ997287.1; Identities = 495 /544 (91 %), 11 gaps (2 %))
and Perusta inaequalis (strain CBS 118271, GenBank
NR_144958.1; Identities = 467/514 (91 %), 12 gaps (2 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Neocelosporium
eucalypti (strain CBS 145086, GenBank NG_066297.1; Identities = 850/865 (98 %), one gap (0 %)), Celosporium larixicola
(strain L3-1, GenBank FJ997288.1; Identities = 800/835 (96 %),
five gaps (0 %)) and Muellerites juniperi (strain CBS 339.73,
GenBank MH877745.1; Identities = 825/864 (95 %), six gaps
(0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Eucalypt forest. Colonies on SNA; hyphae with conidiogenous loci; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 30, 12 Darcy St,
Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
404
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Paramyrothecium salvadorae
405
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1221 – 13 July 2021
Paramyrothecium salvadorae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Salvadora from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata sporodochial with green mucoid conidial mass,
stromatic, superficial, cupulate, separate or gregarious, 30 –
120 µm diam. Setae arising from stroma, hyaline, smooth, 5–10septate, straight to flexuous, 100 – 200 × 2.5 – 3 µm; apices
subacutely rounded. Conidiophores penicillate with branched
conidiogenous apparatus; stipes hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, septate, 20 – 40 × 3 – 4 µm; primary branches aseptate,
smooth, 10 – 20 × 2.5 – 3 µm; secondary branches aseptate,
smooth, 5 –10 × 2.5 – 3 µm, terminating in a whorl of 3 – 6
conidiogenous cells, phialidic, subcylindrical, hyaline, 8 –15 ×
2 – 2.5 µm, smooth, straight to curved with conspicuous collarettes and periclinal thickening. Conidia aseptate, hyaline to
olivaceous, subcylindrical, (8 –)10 –12(–13) × 2 – 2.5 µm, with
obtuse ends.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
with concentric zone lines, with moderate aerial mycelium and
smooth, even margin, reaching 38 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C.
On MEA, PDA and OA surface dirty white, reverse buff.
Typus. Namibia, Walvis Bay, on twigs of Salvadora persica (Salvadoraceae), 20 Nov. 2019, P.W. Crous, HPC 3120 (holotype CBS H-24538, culture
ex-type CPC 39071 = CBS 147074, ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1 (second part)
and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064453.1, MZ064510.1, MZ078210.1,
MZ078254.1 and MZ078277.1, MycoBank MB 839539).
Notes — Paramyrothecium salvadorae is related to P. roridum (conidia subcylindrical to ellipsoidal, (5 –)6.5 –7.5(– 8) ×
2 µm; Lombard et al. 2016), from which it is morphologically
and phylogenetically distinct.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Paramyrothecium roridum (as Myrothecium
roridum; strain MA-20, GenBank JF724152.1; Identities = 579/
584 (99 %), three gaps (0 %)), Paramyrothecium terrestris
(strain CBS 564.86, GenBank NR_145078.1; Identities = 574/
581 (99 %), one gap (0 %)) and Myrothecium lachastrae
(strain IMI 273160, GenBank AY254159.1; Identities = 570/578
Colour illustrations. Namib Desert, with mycologists in the distance.
Sporodochial conidiomata on OA; conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia;
conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
(99 %), two gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence
are Paramyrothecium nigrum (strain CBS 116537, GenBank
NG_069341.1; Identities = 811/812 (99 %), no gaps), Paramyrothecium foliicola (strain CBS 419.93, GenBank KU846323.1;
Identities = 811/812 (99 %), no gaps) and Paramyrothecium
viridisporum (strain CBS 873.85, GenBank NG_069344.1;
Identities = 810/812 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the
rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Paramyrothecium
sp. (strain MU6, GenBank MN397961.1; Identities = 682/
714 (96 %), no gaps), Paramyrothecium roridum (strain CBS
372.50, GenBank KU846362.1; Identities = 671/714 (94 %),
no gaps) and Paramyrothecium foliicola (strain CBS 419.93,
GenBank KU846355.1; Identities = 668 /714 (94 %), no gaps).
Closest hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to
Paramyrothecium roridum (as Myrothecium roridum; strain 781,
GenBank JF724132.1; Identities = 430/435 (99 %), no gaps),
Striaticonidium cinctum (as Myrothecium cinctum; strain ATCC
22270, GenBank AY489605.1; Identities = 440/451 (98 %),
no gaps) and Myrothecium inundatum (strain IMI 158855,
GenBank AY489626.1; Identities = 434/454 (96 %), no gaps).
Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity
to Paramyrothecium roridum (strain AGR1reis1, GenBank
MH824740.1; Identities = 287/293 (98 %), no gaps), Paramyrothecium foliicola (strain CBS 113121, GenBank KU846411.1;
Identities = 278/293 (95 %), no gaps) and Paramyrothecium
terrestris (strain CBS 564.86, GenBank KU846420.1; Identities
= 277/294 (94 %), one gap (0 %)).
Also see the phylogenetic tree provided with the supplementary
material FP1194.
Supplementary material
FP1221 Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) obtained from the
maximum likelihood analysis with IQ-TREE v. 1.6.12 (Nguyen et al. 2015,
Kalyaanamoorthy et al. 2017, Hoang et al. 2018) of the Paramyrothecium
and related genera multigene (ITS / tub2 / cmdA / rpb2) nucleotide alignment
derived from the datasets of Lombard et al. (2016). GenBank accession
numbers for the sequences used can also be obtained from Lombard et al.
(2016). Bootstrap support values (> 69 % shown; only values > 94 % are
significant) from 5 000 ultrafast bootstrap replicates are shown at the nodes.
Culture collection numbers are indicated for all species and numbers in bold
represent those cultures with a type status. The tree was rooted to Fusarium
sambucinum (culture CBS 146.95) and the species described here is highlighted with a coloured block and bold face. Alignment statistics: 47 strains
including the outgroup; 2 415 characters including alignment gaps analysed:
900 distinct patterns, 651 parsimony-informative, 252 singleton sites, 1 512
constant sites. The best model identified for the entire alignment in IQ-TREE
using the TESTNEWMERGE option was: TIM2+F+I+G4. The alignment and
tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
406
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Cymostachys arthraeruae
407
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1222 – 13 July 2021
Cymostachys arthraeruae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Arthraerua from which it was
isolated.
Classification — Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, irregular, 3–5 µm diam
hyphae, at times forming swollen, thick-walled chains of chlamydospore-like structures, 7–9 µm diam. Conidiophores erect,
solitary or in groups, unbranched, subcylindrical, 1(–2)-septate,
30 –110 × 3 – 4 µm, upper cell becoming verruculose, and isabelline in colour, bearing a whorl of 3 – 6 conidiogenous cells.
Conidiogenous cells clavate, phialidic, isabelline to dark brown
and verruculose at apex, becoming paler so towards base, with
minute collarettes. Conidia aseptate, guttulate, broadly ellipsoid
to slightly obovoid (to subcylindrical on OA), finely verruculose,
surface with continuously sigmoid striations, isabelline, apex obtuse, tapering to truncate hilum, 8 – 9(–11) × (6 –)7– 8(–10) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margin, reaching
50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface sepia to
hazel, reverse sepia; on PDA surface cinnamon with patches
of isabelline, reverse cinnamon; on OA surface isabelline.
Typus. Namibia, Walvis Bay, on Arthraerua leubnitziae (Amaranthaceae),
20 Nov. 2019, P.W. Crous, HPC 3127 (holotype CBS H-24549, culture extype CPC 39335 = CBS 147081, ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1 (first part) and tef1
(second part) sequences GenBank MZ064454.1, MZ064511.1, MZ078211.1,
MZ078235.1 and MZ078255.1, MycoBank MB 839540).
Colour illustrations. Namib Desert with long-lived, fog-dependent Arthraerua leubnitziae (pencil bush). Conidiophores; conidiogenous cells giving
rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Notes — Morphologically, Cymostachys arthraeruae is closest to C. coffeicola (conidia fabiform, smooth to verrucose,
(7–)7.5–8.5(–10) × (5–)5.5–6.5(–7) μm; Lombard et al. 2016),
from which it is distinct in having larger conidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Memnoniella oenanthes (strain IBT 9473, GenBank
KX690115.1; Identities = 489/498 (98 %), no gaps), Cymostachys coffeicola (strain CPC 25009, GenBank KU846053.1;
Identities = 503/513 (98 %), three gaps (0 %)) and Stachybotrys nephrospora (strain Stanep1907, GenBank KF626486.1;
Identities = 478/488 (98 %), one gap (0 %)). Closest hits
using the LSU sequence are Cymostachys coffeicola (strain
CBS 252.76, GenBank MH872746.1; Identities = 871/876
(99 %), one gap (0 %)), Stachybotrys nephrospora (strain
LAMIC0040/07, GenBank KP893312.1; Identities = 871/876
(99 %), two gaps (0 %)) and Cymostachys thailandica (strain
CBS 145079, GenBank NG_066294.1; Identities = 871/877
(99 %), three gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence
had highest similarity to Cymostachys fabispora (strain MUCL
39004, GenBank KU846082.1; Identities = 680/719 (95 %), no
gaps), Cymostachys thailandica (strain CBS 145079, GenBank
MK047546.1; Identities = 775/822 (94 %), no gaps) and Cymostachys coffeicola (strain CBS 252.76, GenBank KU846081.1;
Identities = 677/719 (94 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the
tef1 (first part) sequence had highest similarity to Cymostachys
coffeicola (strain CBS 252.76, GenBank KU846097.1; Identities = 272/325 (84 %), 23 gaps (7 %)), Cymostachys thailandica (strain CBS 145079, GenBank MK047566.1; Identities =
272/326 (83 %), 24 gaps (7 %)) and Striatibotrys eucylindrospora (strain CBS 949.72, GenBank KU847079.1; Identities =
258/311 (83 %), 17 gaps (5 %)). Closest hits using the tef1
(second part) sequence had highest similarity to Striatibotrys
eucylindrospora (as Stachybotrys eucylindrospora; strain
UAMH 7122, GenBank DQ676617.1; Identities = 764/790
(97 %), two gaps (0 %)), Stachybotrys microspora (strain UAMH
7747, GenBank DQ676619.1; Identities = 759/790 (96 %),
two gaps (0 %)) and Stachybotrys chlorohalonata (voucher
MFLU 18-1638, GenBank MN200279.1; Identities = 753/789
(95 %), no gaps).
Supplementary material
Also see the phylogenetic tree provided with the supplementary material
FP1194.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
Don Cowan, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: don.cowan@up.ac.za
Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia; e-mail: gillian@gobabeb.org
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
408
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Parateichospora phoenicicola
409
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1223 – 13 July 2021
Parateichospora Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to its close relationship to Teichospora.
Classification — Teichosporaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary to aggregated, brown, globose,
ostiolate, with or without long neck; wall of 6 – 8 layers of hyaline to pale brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced
to conidiogenous cells lining inner cavity, hyaline, smooth,
ampulliform, proliferating percurrently at apex. Conidia solitary,
aseptate, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, becoming brown with age,
ellipsoid, apex subobtuse, tapering to truncate hilum.
Type species. Parateichospora phoenicicola Crous
MycoBank MB 839541.
Parateichospora phoenicicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Phoenix from which it was
isolated.
Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary to aggregated, brown, globose,
250 – 300 µm diam, ostiolate, with long neck in vivo, but absent
in vitro; wall of 6 – 8 layers of hyaline to pale brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining
inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform, proliferating percurrently at apex, 7– 20 × 4 – 5 µm. Conidia solitary, aseptate,
hyaline, smooth, guttulate, becoming brown with age, ellipsoid,
apex subobtuse, tapering to truncate hilum, (8 –)9 –11(–12) ×
(3.5 –)4 – 4.5(– 5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, even margin, reaching
25 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface pale luteous,
reverse umber; on PDA surface pale olivaceous grey, reverse
luteous; on OA surface pale olivaceous grey.
Typus. South africa, Northern Province, Limpopo, Gundani, Miombo,
on leaves of Phoenix reclinata (Arecaceae), 18 Dec. 2015, J. Roux, HPC
3247 (holotype CBS H-24552, culture ex-type CPC 39351 = CBS 147084,
ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tef1 (first part) sequences GenBank MZ064455.1,
MZ064512.1, MZ078212.1 and MZ078236.1, MycoBank MB 839542).
Notes — Parateichospora resides in Teichosporaceae, several genera of which have similar phoma-like asexual morphs
(Crous et al. 2018b, Phukhamsakda et al. 2020). Presently
Parateichospora is monotypic, and only known from its asexual
morph.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Teichospora quercus (strain CBS 143396, GenBank
NR_159069.1; Identities = 432/490 (88 %), ten gaps (2 %)),
Teichospora mariae (strain C136, GenBank KU601581.1; Identities = 487/571 (85 %), 26 gaps (4 %)) and Teichospora kingiae
(strain CPC 29104, GenBank NR_154656.1; Identities = 485 /
569 (85 %, 24 gaps (4 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Misturatosphaeria minima (strain ANM 933, GenBank GU385195.1; Identities = 855/879 (97 %), two gaps
(0 %)), Teichospora quercus (strain CBS 143396, GenBank NG_067335.1; Identities = 831/856 (97 %), two gaps
(0 %)) and Teichospora proteae (strain CBS 122675, GenBank EU552117.1; Identities = 837/863 (97 %), three gaps
(0 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest
similarity to Teichospora rubriostiolata (strain C158x, GenBank KU601597.1; Identities = 628 /743 (85 %), two gaps
(0 %)), Flabellascoma fusiforme (strain MFLUCC 18-1019,
GenBank MT878452.1; Identities = 496 /647 (77 %), 22 gaps
(3 %)) and Flabellascoma minimum (strain KT 2040, GenBank
LC312591.1; Identities = 499/657 (76 %), 22 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Teichospora melanommoides (strain MP5, GenBank KU601610.1;
Identities = 361/440 (82 %), 22 gaps (5 %)), Teichospora rubriostiolata (strain C158x, GenBank KU601608.1; Identities =
363/443 (82 %), 23 gaps (5 %)) and Teichospora pusilla (strain
C140, GenBank KU601605.1; Identities = 360 /444 (81 %),
26 gaps (5 %)).
Colour illustrations. Forest at Gundari, Miombo. Conidiomata on OA;
conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 300 µm
(conidiomata), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Jolanda Roux, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: jolanda.roux@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
410
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Nothophaeomoniella ekebergiae
411
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1224 – 13 July 2021
Nothophaeomoniella Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to its morphological similarity to Phaeomoniella.
Classification — Phaeomoniellaceae, Phaeomoniellales,
Eurotiomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, black, globose, with central ostiole,
separate or aggregated; wall of 6 – 8 layers of brown textura
angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells,
ampulliform, lining inner cavity, hyaline to pale brown, smooth,
phialidic. Conidia solitary, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, ellipsoid.
Type species. Nothophaeomoniella ekebergiae Crous
MycoBank MB 839543.
Nothophaeomoniella ekebergiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Ekebergia from which it was
isolated.
Conidiomata pycnidial, black, globose, 80 –150 µm diam, with
central ostiole; wall of 6 – 8 layers of brown textura angularis;
occurring as separate conidiomata on SNA and OA, but aggregated, immersed in a continuous black stroma on MEA. Sporulating poorly on OA: conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous
cells, ampulliform, lining inner cavity, hyaline to pale brown,
smooth, phialidic, 5 – 8 × 2 – 3 µm. Conidia solitary, aseptate,
hyaline, smooth, ellipsoid, 3 – 4 × 1.5– 2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
folded, with sparse aerial mycelium, and even, lobate margins,
reaching 10 mm diam. On MEA surface and reverse olivaceous
grey, with buff margin; on PDA surface dull green with margin
buff, reverse buff; on OA surface dull green with margin buff.
Typus. South africa, Mpumalanga, Mbombela, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve, on leaves of Ekebergia pterophylla (Meliaceae), 23 Nov. 2018, P.W.
Crous, HPC 3136 (holotype CBS H-24750, culture ex-type CPC 39341 = CBS
147178, ITS, LSU, tef1 (first part) and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064456.1,
MZ064513.1, MZ078237.1 and MZ078278.1, MycoBank MB 839544).
Notes — Nothophaeomoniella is related to ‘Phaeomoniella’ pinifoliorum, which also represents a genus distinct from
Phaeomoniella, typified by P. chlamydospora (Crous & Gams
2000, Crous et al. 2015a). A new genus is thus introduced to
accommodate this species, isolated from leaves of Ekebergia
pterophylla, and forming a coelomycetous morph in culture. The
Phaeomoniellales was recently treated by Kraus et al. (2020).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Vredendaliella oleae (as Phaeomoniellales
sp. CS-2020a; strain CBS 146757, GenBank MT791073.1;
Identities = 471/498 (95 %), ten gaps (2 %)), Aequabiliella effusa (strain P6, GenBank MK801313.1; Identities = 450/482
(93 %), ten gaps (2 %)) and Aequabiliella palatina (strain JKIAp36, GenBank MH999506.1; Identities = 445/482 (92 %),
11 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are
Phaeomoniella pinifoliorum (strain CBS 114903, GenBank
NG_064185.1; Identities = 838/882 (95 %), seven gaps (0 %)),
Xenocylindrosporium kirstenboschense (strain CBS 125545,
GenBank NG_057857.1; Identities = 813 /862 (94 %), eight
gaps (0 %)) and Paraphaeoisaria alabamensis (strain CBS
101.77A, GenBank MH872801.1; Identities = 792 /845 (94 %),
13 gaps (1 %)). No significant hits were obtained when the
tef1 sequence was used in blastn and megablast searches.
Distant hits obtained using the tub2 sequence had highest
similarity to Vredendaliella oleae (strain CBS 146757, GenBank
MW017334.1; Identities = 275/323 (85 %), two gaps (0 %)),
Aequabiliella palatina (strain JKI-Ap36, GenBank MK070469.1;
Identities = 247/308 (80 %), 13 gaps (4 %)) and Moristroma
palatinum (strain JKI-Au02, GenBank MK070475.1; Identities
= 254/319 (80 %), 16 gaps (5 %)).
Colour illustrations. Ekebergia pterophylla tree in Buffelskloof Nature
Reserve. Conidiomata in black stroma on MEA; separate conidioma on SNA;
conidiogenous cells giving rise to conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 300 µm
(conidioma), 10 µm (conidiogenous cells), 2 µm (conidia).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
412
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Calonectria californiensis
413
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1225 – 13 July 2021
Calonectria californiensis Crous & Roon.-Lath., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the state of California, USA, where this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Macroconidiophores comprised of a stipe, a penicillate arrangement of fertile branches, a stipe extension, and a terminal vesicle. Stipe septate, hyaline at base, smooth, 40 –100 × 6 –7 µm.
Conidiogenous apparatus with primary branches aseptate or
1-septate, 15 – 50 × 4 – 5 µm; secondary branches aseptate,
8 –14 × 3.5– 4 µm, each terminal branch producing 2 – 4 phialides; phialides doliiform to reniform, hyaline, aseptate, 8 –10 ×
3–4 µm, apex with minute periclinal thickening and inconspicuous collarette; stipe extensions septate, straight to flexuous,
100 –190 µm long, 3 – 4 µm wide at apical septum, terminating
in ellipsoid to obpyriform to pyriform vesicle, (7–)8 – 9(–10) µm
diam. Conidia cylindrical, rounded at both ends, straight, (41–)
47– 52(– 58) × (4.5 –)5 – 5.5(– 6) µm, (1–)3-septate, lacking a
visible abscission scar, held in cylindrical clusters by colourless
slime. Chlamydospores dark brown, thickened, globose, 10–12
µm diam, formed in sparse chains throughout the medium.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with sparse
to moderate aerial mycelium and lobate, smooth margin, reaching 30 mm diam after 7 d at 25 °C. On MEA and PDA surface
sienna to umber, reverse umber in centre, sienna in outer
region. On OA sienna on surface.
Typus. uSa, California, Sonoma County, Guerneville, on leaves of Umbellularia californica (Lauraceae), 5 May 2015, S. Rooney-Latham, CDFA267
(holotype CBS H- 24751, culture ex-type CPC 29621 = CBS 147604, LSU,
actA, cmdA, his3, tef1 (first part) and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064514.1,
MZ078156.1, MZ078169.1, MZ078182.1, MZ078238.1 and MZ078279.1,
MycoBank MB 839545).
Additional material examined. uSa, California, Sonoma County, Guerneville, on leaves of U. californica, 5 May 2015, S. Rooney-Latham, CPC 29619,
ITS, LSU, actA, cmdA, his3, rpb2, tef1 (first part) and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064457.1, MZ064515.1, MZ078157.1, MZ078170.1, MZ078183.1,
MZ078213.1, MZ078239.1 and MZ078280.1; ibid., CPC 29620, ITS, LSU,
actA, cmdA, his3, tef1 (first part) and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064458.1,
MZ064516.1, MZ078158.1, MZ078171.1, MZ078184.1, MZ078240.1 and
MZ078281.1; ibid., CPC 29622, ITS, LSU, actA, cmdA, his3, rpb2, tef1 (first
part) and tub2 sequences GenBank MZ064459.1, MZ064517.1, MZ078159.1,
MZ078172.1, MZ078185.1, MZ078214.1, MZ078241.1 and MZ078282.1.
Notes — Brayford & Chapman (1987) reported a wilting
disease of Laurus nobilis on the Isles of Scilly, and later on
Arbutus andrachnoides and Gaultheria shallon in West Devon,
UK. Lechat et al. (2010) linked this disease to a new species,
Calonectria lauri (validated by Liu et al. 2020), which was reported from leaves of Ilex aquifolium in France and the Netherlands, and roots of Buxus sempervirens in Belgium. Calonectria
lauri is sister to C. californiensis described in the present study.
Although the two species can be distinguished in that C. lauri
has conidia that are somewhat larger, (45 –)55 – 68(–73) ×
(4 –)5 – 6(–7) μm, they are best separated based on their DNA
phylogeny.
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Umbellularia californica. Conidiophores with stipe extensions on SNA; vesicles; penicillate conidiogenous
apparatus; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
29619 had highest similarity to Calonectria lauri (strain CMW
23682 (R), GenBank MT359736.1; Identities = 534/534
(100 %), no gaps), Calonectria citri (strain CMW 23675 (R),
GenBank MT359683.1; Identities = 533/534 (99 %), no gaps)
and Calonectria tunisiana (now synonym of Calonectria pseudomexicana; strain CAL-EU2, GenBank MT345681.1; Identities
= 531/534 (99 %), no gaps). The ITS sequences of CPC 29619,
29620 and 29622 are identical (533/533 (100 %)). Closest
hits using the LSU sequence are Calonectria lauri (strain
CMW 23682 (R), GenBank MT359496.1; Identities = 821/821
(100 %), no gaps), Calonectria penicilloides (strain CMW 23696
(R), GenBank MT359559.1; Identities = 819/821 (99 %), no
gaps) and Calonectria leucothoes (strain CMW 30977 (R),
GenBank MT359498.1; Identities = 819/821 (99 %), no gaps).
The LSU sequences of CPC 29619, 29620, 29621 and 29622
are identical (781/781 (100 %)). Closest hits using the actA
sequence of CPC 29619 had highest similarity to Calonectria
lauri (strain CMW 23682 (R), GenBank MT335043.1; Identities
= 221/221 (100 %), no gaps), Calonectria citri (strain CMW
23675 (R), GenBank MT334992.1; Identities = 213/222 (96 %),
one gap (0 %)) and Calonectria leucothoes (strain CMW 30977
(R), GenBank MT335045.1; Identities = 214/222 (96 %), one
gap (0 %)). The actA sequences of CPC 29619, 29620, 29621
and 29622 are identical (559/559 (100 %)). Closest hits using the cmdA sequence of CPC 29619 are Calonectria lauri
(strain CMW 23682 (R), GenBank MT335275.1; Identities =
654/662 (99 %), no gaps), Calonectria citri (strain CMW 23675
(R), GenBank MT335222.1; Identities = 627/663 (95 %), two
gaps (0 %)) and Calonectria leucothoes (strain CMW 30977
(R), GenBank MT335277.1; Identities = 618/662 (93 %), no
gaps). The cmdA sequences of CPC 29619, 29620 and 29622
are identical (662/662 (100 %)). Closest hits using the his3
sequence of CPC 29619 had highest similarity to Calonectria
lauri (strain CMW 23682 (R), GenBank MT335515.1; Identities
= 399/415 (96 %), no gaps), Calonectria leucothoes (strain
CMW 30977 (R), GenBank MT335517.1; Identities = 387/419
(92 %), ten gaps (2 %)) and Calonectria citri (strain CMW 23675
(R), GenBank MT335462.1; Identities = 372/415 (90 %), four
gaps (0 %)). The his3 sequences of CPC 29619, 29620, 29621
and 29622 are identical (412/412 (100 %)).
(text continues on Supplementary material page FP1225)
Supplementary material
FP1225 Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 9 752 trees resulting
from a Bayesian analysis of the Calonectria multigene (actA / cmdA / his3 /
ITS / LSU / rpb2 / tef1 / tub2) sequence alignment (45 sequences including
outgroup; 5 068 aligned positions; 96 / 310 / 192 / 69 / 59 / 253 / 282 / 308
unique site patterns, respectively; 65 000 generations with trees sampled
every 10 generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et al. 2012). The
alignment is derived from the dataset of Liu et al. (2020) and methodology
used and GenBank accession numbers of the reference sequences can be
found in the same reference. Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are
shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The
scale bar represents the expected changes per site. The tree was rooted to
Curvicladiella cignea (culture CBS 109167) and the species described here
is highlighted with a coloured block and bold face. The alignment and tree
were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Suzanne Rooney-Latham & Cheryl L. Blomquist, California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Health and Pest Prevention Services,
Plant Pest Diagnostics Lab, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832-1448, USA;
e-mail: suzanne.latham@cdfa.ca.gov & cheryl.blomquist@cdfa.ca.gov
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
414
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Absidia montepascoalis
415
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1226 – 13 July 2021
Absidia montepascoalis L.W.S. Freitas, Hyang B. Lee, T.T.T. Nguyen, M.O. Cruz &
A.L. Santiago, sp. nov.
Etymology. Refers to the Reserve Parque Nacional e Histórico do Monte
Pascoal from where the species was isolated.
Classification — Cunninghamellaceae, Mucorales, Mucoromycetes.
Mycelium with hyaline to pale brown rhizoids, slightly branched,
commonly finger-like or lobular, 25 – 240 × 2.5 –7 µm. Stolons
hyaline to pale brown, irregularly septate, with septa commonly
observed near the origin of sporangiophores, smooth-walled,
5–10 µm diam. Sporangiophores pale brown, arising along the
pale brown stolons or terminal, single or in whorls of 4 – 6(–7),
simple or branched, with branches shorter or longer than the
main sporangiophore, with slightly incrusted wall, (45 –)120 –
325(–400) × 4–8 μm; some branches may re-branch up to five
times with a septum below the sporangium. Sporangia pale
brown, pyriform, smooth-walled, 25 – 40 × 21.5 – 35 µm, with
a funnel-shaped (short or long) apophysis, 5 –15 × 11– 21.5
µm. Columellae hyaline to brownish grey, mostly subglobose,
some hemispherical, and fig-shaped, smooth-walled, frequently with one projection, less commonly with two or rarely
three projections on its surface, 9.5 – 25 × 10 – 30 µm diam, or
without projections on the largest columellae; collar distinct or
absent. Projections cylindrical, conical, some bulbous at distal
end, and some may show a constriction on its apical portion,
2.5 – 5.5 × 1.5 – 5 µm. These projections may arise separated
at the base or fork. Sporangiospores hyaline, short cylindrical,
slightly constricted in the centre, smooth-walled, 3 – 5 × 1.5 – 3
µm. Chlamydospores present in aerial hyphae, globose, 5 –10
µm diam, subglobose and ovoid, 7–15 × 6–15 µm. Zygospores
not observed.
Culture characteristics & cardinal temperatures for growth
— Colony initially white, becoming pale grey after 5 d at 25 °C
on PDA; reverse cream, wave zonate. On MEA: at 10 °C no
growth; at 15 °C 4 cm in 96 h and poor sporulation; at 20 °C
5.5 cm in 96 h with good sporulation; at 25 °C 7 cm in 96 h
with excellent sporulation; at 30 °C 9 cm in 96 h with excellent
sporulation; at 35 °C 4 cm in 96 h with good sporulation; at
40 °C no growth. On PDA: at 10 °C no growth; 15 °C 3.5 cm
in 96 h with poor sporulation; at 20 °C 5.5 cm in 96 h with good
sporulation; at 25 °C 7 cm in 96 h with excellent sporulation; at
30 °C 9 cm in 96 h with excellent sporulation; at 35 °C 4 cm in
96 h with good sporulation; at 40 °C no growth.
Typus. braZil, Reserve Parque Nacional e Histórico do Monte Pascoal,
Itamaraju, Bahia state, S16°53'00.6" W39°24'37.7", soil, 9 Aug. 2018, L.W.S
Freitas (holotype CNUFC HT19001, culture ex-type CNUFC B190023 = URM
8218, ITS and LSU sequences MW473494 and MW561560, MycoBank
MB 838694).
Colour illustrations. Fragment of Atlantic Forest at the biological Reserve
Parque Nacional e Histórico do Monte Pascoal, located in the State of Bahia,
Brazil. Sporangiophore with sporangium; sporangiophore with columella and
one (constricted) projection on its surface; sporangiophore with columella and
two projections on its surface; sporangiophore with columella and one (fork)
projection on its surface; sporangiophore with columella and one projection
on its surface; branched sporangiophore with sporangium and columellae;
sporangiospores. Scale bars = 25 μm.
Notes — The ITS and LSU phylogenetic trees showed that
A. montepascoalis is a new species related to A. bonitoensis,
but also close to A. anomala, A. multispora and A. jindoensis.
The morphological characteristics differ among these species. Absidia montepascoalis presents rare swellings (on MEA
at 25, 30 and 35 °C), and abortive sporangia are never formed.
However, sporangiospores of A. montepascoalis are exclusively cylindrical. In contrast, A. bonitoensis produces sporangiophores commonly with one or more randomly distributed
swellings, as well as some sporangiophores with abortive
sporangia that bear a new sporangiophore. In addition, A. bonitoensis produces globose to subglobose and rarely cylindrical sporangiospores (Lima et al. 2020). Absidia multispora
produces sporangiophores arranged singly or in whorls of two
to four, with the formation of occasional abortive sporangia,
and sporangiospores are of varied shapes such as globose,
subglobose, ellipsoid, short cylindrical, ellipsoidal and irregular
(Cordeiro et al. 2020), whereas A. montepascoalis produces
sporangiophores in whorls of up to seven, and does not form
abortive sporangia. Sporangiospores are typically cylindrical
and slightly constricted at the centre. Absidia anomala can be
differentiated from A. montepascoalis as the former produces
sporangiophores singly and in whorls of two, and only one
projection can be observed at the columellae. The colony is
purple to violet and azygospores are produced (Hesseltine &
Ellis 1964). Absidia jindoensis is morphologically different from
A. montepascoalis as it has 2 – 6(– 8) sporangiophores in a
whorl, hemispherical columellae, sometimes subglobose, commonly with one projection on its surface, and sporangiophores
cylindrical with rounded ends (Wanasinghe et al. 2018).
Supplementary material
FP1226 Maximum likelihood (ML) tree obtained from the ITS sequence of
A. montepascoalis and sequences retrieved from GenBank. Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum likelihood analyses were performed using MrBayes
v. 3.2 (Ronquist et al. 2012) and PhyML v. 3.0 (Guindon & Gascuel 2003),
respectively. Bayesian posterior probabilities (BYPP) ≥ 0.9 and bootstrap
values for maximum likelihood (MLBS) ≥ 70 % are placed above the branches
(MLBS/BYPP). Support values lower than 0.9 and 70 % are marked with ‘*’,
and absent are marked with ‘–’. The bar indicates the expected number of
substitutions per position. Ex-type, ex-isotype, and ex-neotype strains are
marked with superscript ‘T’, ‘IT’ and ‘NT’, respectively. Cunninghamella phaeospora CBS 692.68 and C. vesiculosa CBS 989.96 were used as outgroups.
Leslie W.S. de Freitas, Mateus O. da Cruz & André L.C.M. de A. Santiago, Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista,
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; e-mail: lesliewaren@gmail.com, cruzmofungi@gmail.com & andrelcabral@msn.com
Thuong T.T. Nguyen & Hyang Burm Lee, Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological Chemistry,
College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; e-mail: thuong3520@daum.net & hblee@jnu.ac.kr
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
416
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Arcopilus navicularis
417
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1227 – 13 July 2021
Arcopilus navicularis Kubátová, V. Ostrý & Hubka, sp. nov.
more abundant aerial mycelium; ascomata maturing later than
on PCA. Colonies on malt extract agar (MEA) 35–38 mm diam,
with pinkish white aerial mycelium, wine red exudates diffusing into the medium, reverse dark ruby; ascomata not formed
after 7 d. Colonies on PCA at 37 °C after 7 d 18 – 20 mm diam.
Etymology. Name reflects its boat-shaped ascospores.
Classification — Chaetomiaceae, Sordariales, Sordariomycetes.
Micromorphology (on oatmeal agar; OA): Ascomata superficial,
ostiolate, subglobose or ovate, c. 130 – 200 μm diam, with
brown walls of textura angularis. Ascomatal hairs pale green
or greenish olivaceous in reflected light. Terminal hairs septate,
warty, undulated at apices, brown to grey, 5 – 6.5 μm diam near
the base, 2 – 2.8 μm diam at the tip. Lateral hairs straight or
inequilaterally undulated. Asci clavate, 8-spored, about 30–37 ×
9 –12 μm. Ascospores dark brown, broadly navicular in side
view, 7.2 – 8.8 × 4.5– 5.5 μm (mean ± standard deviation: 8.0 ±
0.4 × 4.9 ± 0.3), lemon-shaped seen from above, 7.2 – 8.8 ×
5.5 – 6.1 μm (8.0 ± 0.4 × 5.7 ± 0.2), with two apical germ pores.
Asexual morph unknown. On PCA at 37 °C after 7 d, amorphous crystals in pigmented zone of agar were observed, about
5 –7 μm diam.
Culture characteristics — (at 25 °C after 7 d, in darkness):
Colonies on potato carrot agar (PCA) 32 – 37 mm diam, olivaceous in the centre due to formation of ascomata, finely
filamentous and pale towards the edges, with pale vinaceous
exudates diffusing into the medium around the colonies; reverse
dark grey-vinaceous in the centre, pink-grey towards the edges;
ascomata maturing after 14 d. Colonies on OA 39 – 41 mm
diam; the appearance of colonies similar to those on PCA, but
the pigmentation is more pronounced, and the colonies form
Typus. cZech republic, Brno, tea bag with fruit tea (lemons, rose hips
and apple pulp), Nov. 2001, V. Ostrý (holotype PRM 954081, isotype PRC
295, culture ex˗type CCF 3252 = CBS 147158, ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tub2
sequences GenBank MW798185, MW798181, MW816124 and MW816125,
MycoBank MB 839209).
Notes — Arcopilus navicularis shares an identical ITS and
LSU region with A. aureus, A. amazonicus and A. globulus.
BLAST analysis with the rpb2 sequences showed 96 – 96.5 %
similarity with the latter three mentioned species, while the tub2
gene showed only 87– 87.5 % similarity.
The strain CCF 3252 was originally identified as Chaetomium
aureum (Kubátová 2006), currently Arcopilus aureus. The
latter has similar pigmentation of ascomatal hairs, but differs
in ascospore shape. Arcopilus cupreus, A. amazonicus and
A. globulus have similar shaped ascospores to A. navicularis,
but their ascospores are slightly larger. Arcopilus cupreus differs moreover by red or orange-red hairs in reflected light, and
A. amazonicus has smaller ascomata and yellow mature hairs
(Ames 1949, Von Arx et al. 1986, Wang et al. 2016, Raza et
al. 2019, Sousa et al. 2020).
ITS + LSU +
rpb2 + tub2
100
[MN215741, MN215579, MN255422, MN329914] CGMCC 3.19359T
A. globulus
[MN215742, MN215580, MN255423, MN329915] LC13554
88
A best scoring maximum likelihood tree based on the ITS, LSU, rpb2 and
tub2 genes shows the relationships of A. navicularis with other Arcopilus
species. The dataset contained 15 taxa and a total of 2 054 characters of
which 421 were variable and 297 parsimony-informative. Partitioning scheme
and substitution models for analyses were as follows: the HKY+I model was
proposed for the ITS region; TrNef model for the LSU region; TrN+G model
for the RPB2 gene; and K80+I for the tub2 gene. The tree was constructed
with IQ-TREE v. 1.4.4 (Nguyen et al. 2015). Support values at branches
were obtained from 1 000 bootstrap replicates; only bootstrap support values
≥ 70 % are shown; ex-type strains are indicated by the superscript T. The
tree is rooted with Achaetomium macrosporum.
[KX976582, KX976707, KX976806, KX976924] CBS 153.52
A. aureus
91
[KX976583, KX976708, KX976807, KX976925] CBS 538.73
[MH777083, MH780043, MH784457, MH784466] INPA 2410T
100
A. amazonicus
100
[MH777084, MH780044, MH784458 MH784467] AM2411
[MW798185, MW798181, MW816124, MW816125] CCF 3252T
99
A. cupreus
[KX976584, KX976709, KX976808, KX976926] CBS 560.80
100
100
100
A. navicularis
[MN215743, MN215581, MN255424, MN329904] CGMCC 3.19326T
A. tangerinicapillus
[MN215744, MN215582, MN255425, MN329905] LC13502
[KX976587, KX976712, KX976811, KX976929] CBS 337.67T
0.01
A. flavigenus
100
[KX976585, KX976710, KX976809, KX976927] CBS 484.85
99
A. fusiformis
[KX976586, KX976711, KX976810, KX976928] CBS 485.85
[KX976588, KX976713, KX976812, KX976930] CBS 169.52T
A. turgidopilosus
[KX976573, KX976698, KX976796, KX976914] Achaetomium macrosporum CBS 152.97T
Colour illustrations. Fruit tea (lemons, rose hips and apple pulp). Fourteenday-old colonies on OA, PCA, and MEA; ascomata (stereoscopic dissecting
microscope); ascoma, hairs (scanning electron microscopy, SEM), asci,
ascospores in light microscopy and SEM. Scale bars = 100 μm (ascoma),
10 μm (others).
Alena Kubátová, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic;
e˗mail: kubatova@natur.cuni.cz
Vladimír Ostrý, Centre for Health, Nutrition and Food, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Palackého 3a, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic;
e-mail: ostry@chpr.szu.cz
Vit Hubka, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic and
Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic;
e-mail: vit.hubka@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
418
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Bolbitius sibiricus
419
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1228 – 13 July 2021
Bolbitius sibiricus Bulyonk., E.F. Malysheva & L.B. Kalinina, sp. nov.
Etymology. The name refers to the geographic region – Siberia, where
the species was discovered.
Classification — Bolbitiaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiocarps small to medium-sized. Pileus 8–23 mm diam, at
first hemispherical or convex, becoming plano-convex without
distinct umbo, with incurved, often undulating striate margin;
hygrophanous; surface glabrous, viscid, wrinkled at centre,
smoked oak brown (080 30 26) or beech brown (070 30 20), olive
black (080 30 10) at centre and bamboo yellow (080 60 40)
at margin (all colour codes of macroscopic features are given
following the RAL DESIGN colour range system). Lamellae
narrowly adnate, crowded, with lamellulae, slightly ventricose,
natural rice beige (080 80 20) to ash yellow (075 80 40) or orient
yellow (075 80 50), edge even or somewhat serrulate, concolorous or slightly paler. Stipe 25 –40 × 2 –4 mm, cylindrical,
fragile, hollow, whitish to lemon ice cream yellow (095 90 30),
entirely pruinose. Context thin, whitish. Smell and taste not distinctive. Basidiospores 7.3 – 9.5 × 4.0 – 5.0 μm, Q = 1.60 – 2.00,
Qav = 1.80, n = 40, broadly ellipsoid or slightly flattened and
amygdaliform in side view, yellow-brown in KOH, slightly thickwalled, with prominent central germ-pore; distinctly punctate
under the compound microscope and verrucose under scanning
electron microscope (SEM) – entirely covered with numerous
isolated papillae. Basidia predominantly 4-spored, sporadically
1– 2-spored, 20 – 27 × 8 –10 μm, broadly clavate, surrounded
by similar-shaped scarce pseudoparaphyses. Cheilocystidia
numerous, 24.5–41.5 × 5.2–8.0 μm, subcylindrical or cylindrical
with obtuse to subcapitate apex, hyaline or slightly brownish,
thin-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis hymeniform, composed of 15 – 50 × 10 – 20 μm, broadly clavate or subglobose
and globose elements, in chains, thick-walled, almost hyaline
or greyish brown. Pileocystidia rather numerous, represented
by cylindrical, often with subcapitate or capitate apex, or narrowly clavate elements, 30 – 55 × 5 –10 μm, weakly to strongly
pigmented with intracellular greyish brown and granular pigment, thick-walled. Stipitipellis a cutis, containing fascicles
of caulocystidia, 37– 63(– 83) × 5.5 –11.0 μm, subcylindrical,
cylindrical or narrowly clavate, sometimes irregular-shaped
and septate, hyaline, slightly thick-walled. Clamp-connections
present and numerous in all parts of basidiocarp.
Colour illustrations. Russia, Novosibirsk region, mixed forest in the vicinities of Novosibirsk, where the holotype was collected. From top to bottom:
pileipellis elements, cheilocystidia, caulocystidia, basidiospores under compound microscope and SEM; and mature basidiocarps (all from holotype).
Scale bar = 1 cm (basidiocarps), 10 μm (microstructures).
Habitat & Distribution — Growing in small groups on а moss
covered rotting trunk of aspen (Populus tremula). So far known
only from type locality.
Typus. ruSSia, vicinity of Novosibirsk, ‘Academic Town’, mixed aspen-birch
forest, ravine slope, N54°48'49.1603" E83°08'35.2283", on fallen trunk of
Populus tremula, 7 July 2019, T. Bulyonkova (holotype LE 313563, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MW682333 and MW682334, MycoBank
MB 839016).
Notes — Bolbitius sibiricus is characterised by its glutinousviscid and dark olive-brown pileus, pale stipe, subcylindrical or
cylindrical cheilo- and caulocystidia, numerous pileocystidia,
ornamented basidiospores, and lignicolous habitat. Morphologically it resembles B. viscosus originally described from North
America (Watling 1975), but in addition to genetic differences
(a dissimilarity of nrITS sequences of up to 19 %) it differs
from the latter by having slightly larger basidiocarps, more
cylindrical cheilocystidia, not clavate and longer caulocystidia
(vs 14 – 33 μm in B. viscosus), and the presence of numerous
pileocystidia. Another Bolbitius species with basidiospores
ornamented under SEM, the North American B. callistus, can
easily be distinguished from the new species by its conspicuously coloured basidiocarps with green, yellow and reddish
tints, fusiform cheilocystidia, differently shaped pileocystidia
and the absence of clamp-connections (Watling 1987).
Phylogenetic nrITS topology from Bayesian analysis performed with MrBayes
v. 3.2.5 software (Ronquist et al. 2012) with 5 M generations under GTR+G
model, showing relationships of Bolbitius species, with Galeropsis desertorum
as outgroup. Maximum likelihood (ML) analysis was performed on RAxML
server v. 1.0.0 (https://raxml-ng.vital-it.ch/#/) with 100 rapid bootstrap replicates. Support values (Bayesian posterior probability/ML bootstrap) are given
above the branches. All tips are labelled with taxon name and GenBank
accession number. The newly generated sequence is in bold.
Tatiana M. Bulyonkova, A.P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, Russia; e-mail: ressaure@gmail.com
Ekaterina F. Malysheva & Lyudmila B. Kalinina, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str.,
Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: e_malysheva@binran.ru & lkalinina@binran.ru
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
420
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Butyriboletus parachinarensis
421
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1229 – 13 July 2021
Butyriboletus parachinarensis Naseer, Davoodian & Khalid, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for its type locality, Parachinar (Pakistan).
Classification — Boletaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetes.
Pileus 9.7–10.5 cm broad, convex to plano-convex, pale brown
with small dark brown patches, surface dry and glabrous,
margin entire. Context pale yellow, firm. Hymenophore pale
to bright yellow, dark yellow at maturity, pore surface more or
less concolorous with the tubes, turning dark blue quickly when
bruised. Stipe about 7.5 cm in length, 3.5 cm at base, tapering
upward to 2.2 cm thick at apex, subclavate to clavate, creamy
yellow, reticulated, reticulation brown over most of the upper
half, reticulated areas around base and apex with red or yellow colouration. Basidiospores 10.3–13.9 × 4.7–5.5(–5.9) µm,
av. = 11.9 × 5.1 µm, Q = 1.7–2.8, Qav = 2.4, fusoid, thin-walled,
smooth, pale brown or yellowish in 5 % KOH, dark olive brown in
mass. Basidia 24.9–39.4 × 10.3–13.8 µm, av. = 32.8 × 11.8 µm,
clavate to broadly clavate, thick-walled, four-spored, densely
guttulate, hyaline in 5 % KOH. Cheilocystidia 10.9 – 60.3 ×
5.9 –11.3 µm, av. = 31.1 × 7.7 µm, lageniform, thin-walled,
hyaline in 5 % KOH. Pileipellis an interwoven trichodermium,
elements 2.5 – 4.6 µm diam, av. = 3.4 µm, septate, branched,
thin-walled, hyaline in 5 % KOH. Clamp connections absent.
Habitat & Distribution — Currently known only from the type
locality, in association with Quercus baloot (Fagaceae).
Notes — Butyriboletus parachinarensis is distinguished
based on morphology and the distinctness of partial ITS and
LSU sequences. Butyriboletus sanicibus from China is similar
based on BLAST comparison of our partial ITS sequence
(97.04 % identity) but is known to have a larger pileus with an
incurved margin and a pore surface that is slightly greenish
with age (Arora & Frank 2014). Furthermore, B. sanicibus has
subfusoid basidiospores with an average Q value of 2.8 while
B. parachinarensis has fusoid basidiospores with an average
Q value of 2.4. Butyriboletus yicibus from China is similar based
on BLAST comparison of our partial LSU sequence (97.24 %
identity) but can be distinguished from B. parachinarensis by its
more gracile stature and tendency to stain blue-grey rather than
blue when bruised (Arora & Frank 2014). Butyriboletus yicibus
can have a longer stipe (up to 15 cm) than B. parachinarensis.
Typus. pakiStaN, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Kurram District, Parachinar, 22 Aug. 2019, A. Naseer AS-PC43 (holotype LAH 36760, partial LSU and
ITS sequences GenBank MT825244 and MT825245, MycoBank MB 839366).
Colour illustrations. Stands of Quercus baloot around Parachinar. Holotype (AS-PC43); basidiome, top view; basidiome, side view showing hymenophore bruising blue; basidium; spore. Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomes),
5.2 µm (basidium), 1.65 µm (spore).
Arooj Naseer, Munazza Kiran & Abdul Nasir Khalid, Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus-54590, Lahore, Pakistan;
e-mail: arooj.hons@pu.edu.pk, munazzakiran@gmail.com & nasir.botany@pu.edu.pk
Naveed Davoodian, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Avenue, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; e-mail: naveed.davoodian@rbg.vic.gov.au
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
422
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Castanediella ambae
423
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1230 – 13 July 2021
Castanediella ambae Rajeshk., Crous, J.Z. Groenew., S. Fatima, S. Lad, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after ‘amba’ meaning Mango tree in Marathi language,
the host of the fungus.
Classification — Castanediellaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
On decaying leaves of Mangifera indica: Mycelium pale to dark
brown, immersed, septate, hyphae 2 – 3.5 µm diam. Conidiomata sporodochial, scattered, erumpent, starting as a penicillate
tuft of conidiophores with central attachment point, expanding
lateral and apical, becoming densely branched, but with central
attachment, stipitate, 20 – 80 µm diam, 35 –120 µm high. Setae
rare, hyaline, flexuous or undulate with obtuse tips, attached to
the base of the sporodochia, up to 87 µm long and 2 – 2.5 µm
wide. Conidiophores subcylindrical, densely branched, multiseptate, medium to dark brown, smooth. Conidiogenous cells
terminal and intercalary, ampulliform, pale brown, smooth, apex
truncate, polyblastic, phialidic?, 7–10.5 × 2 – 2.8 µm. Conidia
solitary, hyaline, smooth, falcate with subobtuse or acute ends,
0 – 2-guttulate, (8 –)9.5 –15.5(–19) × 1.5–1.8(– 2) µm.
Culture characteristics — (on malt extract agar at 25 ± 2 °C
after 1 mo): Colonies floccose or umbonate at centre, grey
(5E1) to brownish orange (5C4) (Kornerup & Wanscher 1978),
velutinous or immersed, dark brownish grey (5F2) to dark grey
(5F1); reverse dark brownish grey (5F2) to dark grey (5F1),
colonies reaching 40 – 50 mm diam.
Notes — Morphologically, C. ambae resembles C. acaciae
(Crous et al. 2015a), having sporodochial conidiomata compared
to all other species of Castanediella. However, the sporodochia
in C. ambae are smaller in width and slightly longer than those of
the type species C. acaciae. The presence of hyaline, flexuous
setae with obtuse tips arising from the base of the sporodochia,
is another unique feature of C. ambae. Furthermore, conidia are
marginally longer in C. ambae in comparison to those of C. acaciae. Phylogenetic analyses based on combined ITS and LSU
sequence data resulted in a unique clade for the sporodochial
Castanediella species, C. acaciae and C. ambae from other
taxa in Castanediella. The new species form a fully supported
(100 % bootstrap support, posterior probability = 1.00) clade
with C. acaciae. Based on a megablast (type BLASTn) search
of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the LSU sequence are C. acaciae (GenBank KR476763;
Identities = 844/848 (99 %), no gaps), C. cagnizarii (GenBank
MH874222; Identities = 837/848 (99 %), no gaps) and C. eucalypti (GenBank KR476758; Identities = 837/851 (98 %), three
gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to C. acaciae (GenBank NR_137985; Identities =
506/526 (96 %), five gaps (0 %)), C. tereticornis (GenBank
NR_161116; Identities = 487/532 (92 %), eight gaps (1 %))
and C. cagnizarii (GenBank MH862597; Identities = 481/530
(91 %), ten gaps (1 %)).
Typus. iNdia, Tamhini Ghats, Tamhini village, on leaves of Mangifera indica
(Anacardiaceae), 23 July 2018, K.C. Rajeshkumar (holotype AMH 10211,
cultures ex-type NFCCI Raj18 = NFCCI 4774, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MN660236 and MN660235, MycoBank MB 833316).
XX
000000
NFCCI
4774Castanediella
Castanediellaambae
ambae
100/1.00
100
NR 137985
acaciae
CBS
139896Castanediella
Castanediella acaciae
97/0.99
KP859054
Castanediella
cagnizarii
CBS 101043
Castanediella
cagnizarii
54
97
69/0.99
69
KC775732
Castanediella
cagnizarii
MUCL 41095
Castanediella
cagnizarii
KP859051
Castanediella
CBS 542.96
Castanediellacagnizarii
cagnizarii
KX306751
CPC 25873Castanediella
Castanediella hyalopenicillata
hyalopenicillata
MG386036
CBS 143178Castanediella
Castanediellaeucalyptigena
eucalyptigena
NR
154810
malaysiana
CPC
24918 Castanediella
Castanediella malaysiana
54/0.99
54
50
MH806361
Castanediella
brevisbrevis
KUMCC 18-0132
Castanediella
CNUF-DLHBS5-2
Castanediella
camelliae
MF926621
Castanediella
camelliae
100/1.00
100
CNUF-DLHBS5-1
Castanediella
camelliae
MF926620
Castanediella
camelliae
KC775736
Castanediella
MUCL 39857
Castanediellaramosa
ramosa
MH806360
Castanediella
monoseptata
KUMCC 18-0133
Castanediella
monoseptata
NR
137981
CBS
139897Castanediella
Castanediella eucalypti
eucalypti
99
99/1.00
KY173393
Castanediellacommunis
communis
CPC 27631Castanediella
CPC
26539 Castanediella
Castanediella eucalypticola
NR
145254
eucalypticola
CBS
579.71Castanediella
Castanediella couratarii
NR
145250
couratarii
KX762288
Subsessila
turbinata
MFLUCC 15-0831
Subsessila
turbinata
0.02
Colour illustrations. Habitat forest area near Tamhini village. Sporodochia
(right column): conidia; conidiomata on Mangifera indica (upper row); colonies
on MEA; conidiogenous cells; hyaline seta (lower row). Scale bars = 10 µm.
Phylogram generated from a maximum likelihood (ML) analysis based
on LSU and ITS sequence data representing the genus Castanediella in
RAxML v. 8.2.12 (Stamatakis 2014). Related sequences are taken from
Lin et al. (2019). Eighteen strains are included in the combined analyses
which comprise 1 363 characters and 530 characters for LSU and ITS,
respectively, after alignment. Subsessila turbinata (KX762288, KX762289)
was used as the outgroup taxon. Single-gene analyses were also performed to compare the topology and clade stability with combined gene
analyses. Tree topology of the maximum likelihood analysis is similar to
the Bayesian analysis performed in siMBa (Mishra & Thines 2014). The
best scoring RAxML tree with a final likelihood value of -3866.720205 is
presented. The matrix had 256 distinct alignment patterns, with 7.71 %
undetermined characters or gaps. Estimated base frequencies were as
follows: A = 0.253765, C = 0.209910, G = 0.261361, T = 0.274964; substitution rates AC = 1.675661, AG = 3.141033, AT = 2.412224, CG = 0.281419,
CT = 6.326033, GT = 1.000000; gamma distribution shape parameter
α = 1.214174. Bootstrap values for maximum likelihood (MLBS) equal to or
greater than 50 % and Bayesian posterior probability clade credibility values
greater than 0.95 (BPP; the rounding of values to 2 decimal proportions) from
Bayesian-inference analysis (siMBa) labelled on the nodes (MLBS/BPP).
The newly generated sequence is indicated in bold.
Kunhiraman C. Rajeshkumar, Shahnoor Fatima & Sneha Lad, National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Agharkar Research Institute,
G.G. Agharkar Road, Pune 411 004, Maharashtra, India;
e-mail: rajeshfungi@gmail.com, shahnoorfatima@aripune.org & snehalad@aripune.org
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht,
The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
424
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Colletotrichum filicis
425
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1231 – 13 July 2021
Colletotrichum filicis Damm & Baroncelli, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the host plant, a fern, Latin = filix.
Classification — Glomerellaceae, Glomerellales, Sordariomycetes.
Colletotrichum acutatum species complex
1
Colour illustrations. Waterfall on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica (photo by
O. Spilke). Conidioma; conidiophores; appressoria; conidia; conidiophores.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
C. orchidophilum
C. godetiae
CBS 133.44*
CBS 607.94*
C. salicis
0.93/81
C. phormii
CBS 118194*
C. fioriniae
CBS 128517*
C. acutatum
CBS 112996*
1.00/95
C. simmondsii
CBS 122122*
C. scovillei
CBS 126529*
0.83/65
C.
nymphaeae
CBS
515.78*
1.00/91
C. filicis sp. nov.
CBS 101611*
0.92/71
IMI 504890
CBS 134727
C. abscissum
COAD 1877*
1.00/92
IMI 304802*
C. cuscutae
IMI 504893
C. lupini
CBS 109225*
0.95/CBS 129955
CBS 129954
C. tamarilloi
1.00/61
CBS 129814*
CBS 330.75*
C. costaricense
CBS 211.78
CBS 114.14*
C. limetticola
0.92/CBS 134730
C. melonis
1.00/77
Col 20
IMI 384185
1.00/86
C. paranaense
CBS 134729*
2
Notes — Based on blastn searches on NCBI GenBank,
the ITS sequence of strain CBS 101611 is identical with that
of C. scovillei, including its ex-type strain and with strain CBS
129820 from Passiflora in Colombia (Damm et al. 2012a),
but also with strains from fronds of Rumohra adiantiformis
(leatherleaf fern) with anthracnose from Costa Rica (Schiller
et al. 2006) and Florida, USA (MacKenzie et al. 2009). Phylo-
CBS 632.80*
3 4
Typus. coSta rica, from an unidentified fern (Pteridophyta), unknown
collection date and collector (deposited in CBS collection Feb. 1999 by
P. Lafeber), (holotype CBS H-20817, culture ex-type CBS 101611, LSU
sequence GenBank MW724319, other sequences from Damm et al. 2012a,
MycoBank MB 839338).
The species can be distinguished with act, gapdh, his3 and
tub2 sequences, best with act and tub2. The closest matches
with the act and tub2 sequences were with 99 % identity (two
nucleotides difference) several Colletotrichum strains including
the ex-type strains of C. limetticola, C. lupini and C. paranaense
(Nirenberg et al. 2002, Bragança et al. 2016, Damm et al.
2012a), and Colletotrichum sp. CBS 129810 from tamarillo in
Colombia, respectively, while the ex-type strain closest to the
tub2 sequence was three nucleotides different to that of C. tamarilloi (Damm et al. 2012a). The closest matches to the gapdh
and his3 sequences were with 99 % identity (one nucleotide
difference) strains of C. abscissum, including its ex-type (Crous
et al. 2015a), and strains CBS 129820 and CBS 129821 from
Passiflora in Colombia as well as C. costaricense strain CBS
211.78 (Damm et al. 2012a), respectively. The gapdh sequence
of C. filicis differs from those of the strains from leatherleaf fern
in Florida (MacKenzie et al. 2009) in two or four nucleotides,
respectively; they are therefore unlikely to be conspecific.
5
Sexual morph not observed. Asexual morph on synthetic nutrient-poor agar medium (SNA) (microscopic preparations in clear
lactic acid, with 30 measurements per structure). Vegetative
hyphae 1– 6.5 µm diam, hyaline to pale brown, smooth-walled,
septate, branched. Conidiomata not developed, conidiophores
formed directly on hyphae. Setae not observed. Conidiophores
hyaline, smooth-walled, septate, branched. Conidiogenous
cells hyaline smooth-walled, cylindrical to ampulliform, 6 –18 ×
2.5 – 4 µm, opening 1–1.5 µm diam, collarette 1 µm long, periclinal thickening visible. Conidia hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, straight, cylindrical to clavate, sometimes slightly constricted in the middle, with both ends slightly acute or one end
round, (13 –)15 –19(– 22) × (3.5 –)4 – 5(– 5.5) µm, mean ± SD =
16.9 ± 2.0 × 4.5 ± 0.4 µm, L/W ratio = 3.7. Appressoria single or
in loose groups, medium brown, smooth-walled, subglobose to
ellipsoidal, undulate or entire edge, (5.5 –)6.5 –10(–14) × (5 –)
6 – 8(– 8.5) µm, mean ± SD = 8.2 ± 1.8 × 6.8 ± 1.0 µm, L/W
ratio = 1.2.
Asexual morph on Anthriscus stem. Conidiomata acervular,
conidiophores formed on pale brown, angular basal cells, 3 –7
µm diam. Setae not observed. Conidiophores hyaline to pale
brown, smooth-walled to verruculose, septate, branched, up to
70 µm long. Conidiogenous cells hyaline to pale brown, smoothwalled, cylindrical, 9 – 21.5 × 3 – 4 µm, opening 1–1.5 µm diam,
collarette 1–1.5 µm long, periclinal thickening visible. Conidia
hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, straight, clavate to cylindrical
with both ends acute, (14–)16.5–20(–23.5) × (4–)4.5–5(–5.5)
µm, mean ± SD = 18.3 ± 1.8 × 4.6 ± 0.3 µm, L/W ratio = 4.0.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on SNA flat with entire
margin, hyaline, buff to pale honey, SNA medium, filter paper
and Anthriscus stem partly covered with thin floccose white
aerial mycelium and orange acervuli, reverse same colours;
21– 22.5 mm in 7 d (28.5 – 31.5 mm in 10 d). Colonies on oatmeal agar flat with entire margin; surface covert with granular
to floccose white to pale olivaceous grey aerial mycelium and
apricot acervuli, reverse buff to rosy buff, apricot to fuscous
black in the centre; 20 – 22.5 mm in 7 d (30 – 31.5 mm in 10 d).
Conidia in mass orange to apricot.
genies inferred from concatenated ITS, chs-1, tub2, act, his3
and gapdh sequences placed the fungus in clade 1 of the
C. acutatum species complex (Damm et al. 2012a, this study),
where it forms a distinct single-strain lineage.
0.02
Phylogenetic tree of the Colletotrichum acutatum species complex obtained
with MrBayes v. 3.2.7 (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003) inferred from a concatenated ITS (511bp), chs-1 (242), tub2 (492), act (245), his3 (339) and
gapdh (257) sequence alignment with C. orchidophilum CBS 632.80 as
outgroup (sequences from Damm et al. 2012a, Crous et al. 2015a, Bragança
et al. 2016, Dubrulle et al. 2020). Bayesian posterior probability (BPP) and
maximum likelihood bootstrap support (BS) values above 0.8 and 50 %
are shown at the nodes; thicker branches indicate values of 1 and 100 %,
respectively. Bootstrap support values have been calculated based on 1 000
replicates under maximum likelihood using RAxML v. 8.2.11 (Stamatakis
2014). * indicates ex-holotype, ex-neotype and ex-epitype strains. Clades
of Damm et al. (2012a) are indicated in blue blocks.
Ulrike Damm, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, PF 300 154, 02806 Görlitz, Germany; e-mail: Ulrike.Damm@senckenberg.de
Riccardo Baroncelli, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46,
40127 Bologna, Italy; e-mail: riccardobaroncelli@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
426
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Comoclathris antarctica
427
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1232 – 13 July 2021
Comoclathris antarctica Ł. Istel, J. Pawłowska & Wrzosek, sp. nov.
Etymology. The specific epithet ‘antarctica’ refers to the isolation locality
– Antarctica.
Classification — Pleosporaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Colonies: On potato glucose agar (PGA) after 7 d of growth at
24 °C reaching 2.58 cm (± 0.34 cm) diam. Initially sterile, pink
in the centre, becoming orange at the colony edge. Reverse
orange to dark brown. Aerial hyphae and ascocarps appear
after 6 wk of incubation at 4 °C. Ascocarps perithecial, separate
or in groups, dark brown to almost black, strongly enclosed in
aerial hyphae, ovoid to spherical, 339 (± 103) × 299 (± 97) µm,
without distinct ostiole, 51–116 µm diam; neck very short, up
to 26 µm long; operculum semispherical, flattened, 102 –197
× 97–182 × 24 µm; perithecial hyphae dark; wall of 2 – 3 cell
layers. Asci bitunicate, mostly 8-spored, 72 – 84 × 18 – 26 µm,
immature asci shorter (~ 60 µm), cylindrical to clavate, bitunicate with a rounded apex. Ascospores lanceolate to ovoid,
clavate, yellow to pale brown, elongated, asymmetrical with a
blunt apex, muriformly, with 6 – 8 transvers septa, consisting of
10 –17 cells, apical cell not divided, 31 (± 2) × 13.5 (± 1) µm.
Typus. aNtarctica, King George Island, 50 m from the front of Sphinx
Glacier, coordinates S62°11'36.3" W58°27'18", isolated from soil sample
using Warcup method on Minimal Media with 0.01 % diesel oil, 21 Mar. 2018,
Ł. Istel (holotype WA0000074564 – dried specimen, culture ex-type CBS
147272, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MW040594 and MW040597,
MycoBank MB 837527).
Colour illustrations. Collection site (photo by H. Galera). Top left: colony
after 7 d of incubation on PGA medium (sterile); perithecium with perithecial
hairs; ascospores; ascospores in ascus; immature ascospores in ascus
(photos by M. Wrzosek). Scale bars = 20 µm.
Notes — The genus Comoclathris was described by Clements (1909). In 2015 the genus was placed in the Pleosporales
by Ariyawansa et al. (2015). Currently, the genus consists of
41 registered names in MycoBank. However, data on only 10
species are represented in GenBank. The type species of the
genus is C. lanata, which lacks ITS nrDNA sequence data.
Ariyawansa et al. (2014) used sequences of two strains of
C. compressa (CBS 157.53 and CBS 156.57) as reference.
Those two strains together create a well-supported clade inside
Pleosporaceae but outside the Alternaria complex. The morphological characteristic features of the genus are the presence
of operculate perithecia, and asymmetrical, muriform, strongly
divided ascospores (Shoemaker & Babcock 1992, Wanasinghe
et al. 2018) and the isolate described here represents these
features. The main characteristic that differentiates C. antarctica
from another species in the genus is the 6 – 8 transversal ascospore septa. Additionally, Comoclathris representatives were
never observed before in Antarctica. The rDNA sequences of
ITS and LSU regions of C. antarctica are showing the highest
similarity (95 % and 97 % respectively) to C. spartii (GenBank
KM557160.1). However, C. spartii is saprobic on Spartium
junceum and has smaller ascocarps (Crous et al. 2014b). The
main morphological difference between C. antarctica and C. compressa is in the number of ascospore septa. Comoclathris antarctica has 6 – 8 transverse septa while ascospores of C. compressa only have three septa (Shoemaker & Babcock 1992).
Comoclathris antarctica is the most similar to C. arctica based
on morphology. However, C. arctica has much smaller ascocarps (~ 200 µm diam) and larger asci, being up to 120 µm
long (Shoemaker & Babcock 1992).
Maximum Likelihood (RAxML-ng v. 0.9.0 BETA; Kozlov et al. 2019) phylogenetic tree based on the combined ITS and LSU nrDNA sequences data
(GTR+FC+G4m+B model, 1 228 sites, Final LogLikelihood = -2508.6, AICc
score: 5156.8, BIC score: 5486.6, bootstrap replicates = 1 000) of selected
representatives of the genus Comoclathris. The novel species is in red bold
text, ex-type strains are in bold, the branch support values over 70 % are
shown. The scale bar indicates the expected number of changes per site.
Łukasz Istel & Julia Pawłowska, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw,
ul. Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-89 Warsaw, Poland; e-mail: lukasz.istel@gmail.com & julia.z.pawlowska@ uw.edu.pl
Marta Wrzosek, University of Warsaw Botanic Garden, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw,
Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland; e-mail: martawrzosek@gmail.com
Halina Galera, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre,
University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-89 Warsaw, Poland; e-mail: h.galera@uw.edu.pl
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
428
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Coniochaeta salicifolia
429
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1233 – 13 July 2021
Coniochaeta salicifolia A.B. Sharma & Dearnaley, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host plant from which it was isolated,
Geijera salicifolia.
Classification — Coniochaetaceae, Coniochaetales, Sordariomycetes.
Ascomata perithecial, on and adjacent to sterilised grapevine
stems on synthetic nutrient-poor agar media, dark-brown to
black, subglobose, 99 –154 µm diam (av. 121 µm); outer wall
of brown textura angularis; some ascomata with central ostiole.
Setae straight or curved, hyaline, smooth-walled, cylindrical,
tapering to a round tip, 117– 545 × 2 µm (av. 232 × 2 µm).
Asci and ascospores not seen. Lecythophora asexual morph:
Conidiophores formed directly on hyphae, mostly reduced to
conidiogenous cells, 2 – 23 × 1– 3 µm (av. 12 × 2 µm). Conidiogenous cells variable, with apical collarette or rounded ends,
hyaline, 2 –14 × 1– 3 µm (av. 7 × 2 µm). Sporulation abundant.
Conidia hyaline, aseptate, clustered in heads on the ends of
conidiogenous cells, ellipsoidal with round ends, 4 – 6 × 2–3
µm (av. 5 × 2 µm). Vegetative hyphae 2 µm diam, hyaline;
chlamydospores absent.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on potato dextrose agar
flat, slow growing; surface glistering without aerial hyphae;
margins irregular; raw umber and orange-citrine at the origin
with white spots and lemon chrome margin indicating growing
zone; 1.9 cm diam after 2 wk dark incubation at 23 °C.
Notes — Members of Coniochaeta are characterised by darkbrown to black, globose or subglobose perithecia, longitudinal
germ slits in dark ascospores and a phialidic asexual morph
(Nasr et al. 2018, Harrington et al. 2019). Coniochaeta spp.
occur as endophytes and human and plant pathogens (Damm
et al. 2010, Khan et al. 2013, Xie et al. 2015). A number of
bioactive compounds have been isolated from members of
the genus including coniochaetone and coniosetin (Wang et al.
1995, Segeth et al. 2003). Coniochaeta salicifolia is distinct on
BLAST searches from C. africana (ITS GenBank MH863095,
94 % over 542 bp) and C. navarrae (ITS GenBank NR_154808,
93 % similarity over 375 bp). Coniochaeta salicifolia differs
morphologically from C. africana by its white and long setae
(up to 545 µm). The LSU sequence of C. salicifolia has 98 %
similarity to C. rosae (over 819 bp; GenBank NG_066204).
Typus. auStralia, Queensland, Baxter’s Hill, Gowrie Junction, remnant
dry rainforest, S27°29'7" E151°52'41", altitude 570 m, isolated as an endophyte from healthy leaves of Geijera salicifolia (Rutaceae), 20 Aug. 2019,
A.B. Sharma (holotype BRIP 71282a, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MT573531 and MT525302, MycoBank MB 836228).
Colour illustrations. Geijera salicifolia at Baxter’s Hill, Gowrie Junction,
Queensland, Australia. Colony of Coniochaeta salicifolia on PDA; perithecium
showing setae; cluster of perithecia; conidial cluster; conidiogenous cell
and conidia. Scale bars = 1 cm (Petri dish), 100 μm (perithecium), 50 μm
(perithecia), 10 μm (conidiogenous cells and conidia).
Maximum Likelihood tree obtained by analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences
from C. salicifolia (bold) and related Coniochaetales species in GenBank.
Phylogenetic analysis was conducted in MEGA v. 10 (Kumar et al. 2018a)
using ClustalW for alignment (652 bp in the final dataset) and Kimura 2
parameters, Gamma distribution and 1 000 bootstrap re-samplings to build
the tree. Bootstrap values less than 70 % are not shown. Coniolariella gamsii
(Xylariaceae) was used as an outgroup to root the tree.
Ashwini Sharma, Abhishekh Sharma, Mark Lynch, Levente Kiss & John Dearnaley,
Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia:
e-mail: Ashwini.Sharma@usq.edu.au, abhi11sharma95@gmail.com, Mark.Lynch@usq.edu.au, Levente.Kiss@usq.edu.au & John.Dearnaley@usq.edu.au
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
430
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Cortinarius bonachei
Fungal Planet description sheets
431
Fungal Planet 1234 – 13 July 2021
Cortinarius bonachei J.D. Reyes, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after J.M. Bonache, a dear friend, and after a lagoon
of the same name, where this species was collected.
Classification — Cortinariaceae, Cortinariales, Agaricomycetes.
Pileus 25 – 45(– 50) mm diam, brown dark (Séguy 1936; 696,
701) becoming brown (694, 695), at first conical campanulate,
later convex with a persistent obtuse and low umbo. Margin first
incurved, straight, later extended. Surface dry, hygrophanous,
matt and finely innate-fibrillose, sometimes with white veil
remnants. Lamellae 4 – 5 mm diam, medium spaced, adnate
to sinuate, brown when young (694, 695), paler at the edge
(705), with lamellulae. Stipe 35 – 50 × 4 – 6 mm, cylindrical,
subbulbous towards the base (8 mm diam). Surface fibrillose,
with whitish fibrils on a pink background. Context reddish brown
on the pileus, and lighter reddish brown towards the base of
the stipe. Odour and taste indistinct. Basidiospores (6.3–)6.6–
7.7(– 8.7) × (4.2 –)4.5 – 5.4(– 6) µm; Q = (1.3 –)1.34 –1.6(–1.7);
n = 60 spores; Mv = 7.2 × 5 µm; Qv = 1.5; Ve = 93; obovoidsubamygdaliform, strongly verrucose, isolated, most prominent
at the apex. Basidia tetrasporic, 30 – 40 × 6 – 9 µm. Lamellar
edge fertile or without true cystidia, with scattered basidioliform
banal cells, 7– 8 µm. Pileipellis composed of hyphae narrow,
6 – 8 µm. Clamp connections present in all tissues.
Macrochemical reactions — KOH slightly brownish. Guaiac
negative.
Habitat — Quercus ilex in calcareous soils.
Notes — Different public nucleotide databases were consulted using the blastn algorithm: GenBank, UNITE and BOLD,
comparing the generated holotype sequence with the closest
species of Cortinarius subg. Telamonia, differing with C. roseocastaneus (GenBank NR131866) in seven nucleotides and eight
indels. Cortinarius roseobasilis (GenBank NR153059) in eight
nucleotides and 11 indels and C. fulvopaludosus (GenBank
NR154868)) in six nucleotides and 17 indels, 95.59–96.95 %
similarity.
Morphological characters distinguish C. bonachei from related
species: C. roseocastaneus has a very dark brown to blackish brown pileus, dark brown lamellae, and less verrucose
basidiospores. Ecological characters distinguish C. bonachei
from C. fulvopaludosus, a species associate with conifers
(Abies, Picea and Pinus spp.) and deciduous hosts such as
Betula, Alnus and Salix spp., in forests of Northern Europe.
Cortinarius roseobasalis, an American species, is linked to
Quercus garryana.
Typus. SpaiN, Jaén, Siles, Laguna de Bonache, 1 200 m a.s.l., with Quercus
ilex in calcareous soils, 16 Nov. 2006, J.D. Reyes (holotype JA-9576, isotype JDRG16110607, ITS sequence GenBank MW752900, MycoBank
MB 839008).
Colour illustrations. Spain, Jaén, Siles, Sierra Segura, Cazorla y las
Villas Natural Park, forest of Q. ilex subsp. ballota, where the holotype of
Cortinarius bonachei was collected (JA-9576). Basidiomata correspond with
the holotype; basidiospores. Scale bar = 10 μm.
Juan de Dios Reyes García, Paseo Virgen de Linarejos 6 2ºD, 23700 Linares (Jaén), Spain; e-mail: juandedioscortinarius@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
432
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Cortinarius brunneovolvatus
433
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1235 – 13 July 2021
Cortinarius brunneovolvatus A. Mateos & J.D. Reyes, sp. nov.
Etymology. The first part of the epithet (‘brunneo’) refers to the general
brown colour of the basidiomata, the second part (‘volvatus’) refers to the
fact that it is provided with a veil covering the stipe in the form of a volva.
Classification — Cortinariaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata of medium size, growing gregarious to fasciculate,
with a sordid appearance ven when young. Pileus 50–70(–90)
mm diam, convex to plano-convex when young, flat to depressed in developed specimens, with a broad obtuse umbo
and wavy margin, incurved at first but later straight, sometimes
somewhat incised; cuticle reddish brown (Séguy 1936: 146),
dark (126) to sordid (177), a bit hygrophanous, with a large
amount of white veil in the centre and fibrillose remnants
towards the margin, which is somewhat exceeding. Lamellae
spaced, widely spaced at maturity, emarginate, with abundant
short and long lamellulae, up to 10 mm thick, with a wavy and
sometimes somewhat serrate edge; beige when young (190)
but soon reddish brown (187, 191). Stipe 50–70(–120) × 10–15
mm, cylindrical to claviform, with a bulbous base up to 25 mm
thick, recurved, with a fibrillose surface presenting white velar
remnants in the lower half, more abundant at the base and
finally disappearing elsewhere, with silver fibrils at the apex;
reddish brown, paler towards the top (202, 187). Context firm,
reddish brown in the centre of the pileus (161), paler towards
the top of the stipe (162), greyish brown towards the base
(200), odour slightly earthy, taste not remarkable. Exsiccatae:
pileus sordid brown to dark greyish brown, especially in the
centre; stipe brownish grey. Macrochemical reactions: KOH, on
cuticle dark brown, on flesh somewhat brownish at the pileus
and subnull elsewhere; Guaiac, ++ rather fast. Basidiospores
ellipsoid to subamygdaliform, with ornaments consisting of
evenly distributed isolated warts of medium height and thickness, (8 –)8.9 – 9.5 –10.3(–11.3) × (4.9 –)5.5 – 6.1– 6.7(–7.5)
µm; Q = (1.4 –)1.5 –1.6 –1.7(–1.8); n = 80; Vm = 189 µm 3,
sometimes with large central oil droplets. Lamellar edge fertile
or without true cystidia, with scattered basidioliform banal cells.
Hymenophoral trama consisting of 3 –10 µm wide cylindrical
hyphae, with greyish parietal pigment and sometimes with
vacuolar pigmentation. Basidia claviform, tetrasporic, 25 – 35 ×
8–10 µm, with stigmata 2–4 µm long. Pileipellis consisting of a
duplex cutis (Type 1 according to Bidaud et al. 2004). Epicutis
formed by a thin layer of radial hyphae of (3 –)4 – 8(–14) µm,
with few free and hardly differentiated tips, and greyish brown
parietal incrusted pigment. Subcutis well differentiated from
the epicutis, consisting of a layer of subcellular elements of
17– 23 µm diam, with brownish parietal pigmentation. Clamp
connections present in all tissues.
Habitat & Distribution — Gregarius and caespitose, in large
groups among leaf litter of Quercus ilex subsp. ballota, on rich
calcareous soils, in Mediterranean sclerophyllous mountain
forest in Sierra Mágina, Subbetic System (southern Iberian
Peninsula), consisting of Q. ilex subsp. ballota, Q. coccifera
and Pinus spp. The existence of an ITS sequence in GenBank
(HQ204636.1) of ectomycorrhizal communities in a Mediterranean forest ecosystem dominated by Quercus ilex which is
almost identical to that obtained in the present study indicates
the presence of C. brunneovolvatus in the Q. ilex forests of
France.
Typus. SpaiN, Jaén, Cambil, Parque Natural Sierra Mágina, Gibralberca,
N37°40'45.74" W3°29'8.26", 1 240 m a.s.l., gregarious growth, under Quercus
ilex subsp. ballota in calcareous soil, 7 Dec. 2012, A. Mateos (holotype AMI
3752, ITS sequence GenBank MW752903, MycoBank MB 839028).
Additional materials examined. SpaiN, Jaén, Cambil, Parque Natural Sierra
Mágina, Gibralberca, 1 200 m a.s.l., fasciculate growth, under Quercus ilex
subsp. ballota in calcareous soil, on 7 Dec. 2012, A. Mateos, AMI 3751, ITS
sequence GenBank MW752904; ibid., 21 Dec. 2012, gregarious growth,
J.D.D. Reyes, JDRG2112200101, ITS sequence GenBank MW752905.
Phylogeny — The final alignment included 663 bp of which
153 were variable and 108 were parsimoniously informative
among 31 sequences (three newly generated, 28 retrieved
from public databases). For the elimination of ambiguously
aligned sites, this alignment was optimised in GBlocks (Castresana 2000) with the least restrictive parameters resulting
in 501 positions, of which 376 were conserved, 125 variable,
89 parsimoniously informative and 36 singletons. JModeltest
v. 2.1.4 (Darriba et al. 2012) was used to select the best nucleotide substitution model, using the Akaike Information Criterion
(AIC, Akaike 1974) analysis. The GTR+I+G model was selected.
Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses
were performed using Geneious v. 6.1.7. Supporting statistical
nodes in the ML analyses were inferred from 1 000 bootstrap
replicates. Phylogenetic trees were drawn with FigTree v. 1.4,
and finally adapted in Adobe Illustrator CS5.
Notes — Cortinarius brunneovolvatus has as characteristic
morphological characters, chestnut-brown colour of its basidiomata, the large amount of white veil remnants on the pileus
and thickly covering bulbous base of stipe, and its ellipsoid
to subamygdaliform spores with medium-sized ornaments.
However, these features are present also in several species of
Telamonia s.lat. and, more specifically, in the sections Brunnei,
Sordescens and Lanigeri (Brandrud et al. 1989, 1992, 1994,
1998, Melot 1990, Bidaud et al. 2002, 2009), as well as other
species in section Bovini where C. brunneovolvatus is nested,
based on phylogenetic analyses, as well as morphological evidence representing the type species C. bovini ((Brandrud et al.
2012: pl. E20, Niskanen et al. 2013). Section Bovini (Moser &
Horak 1975), underwent several modifications by its original
author (Moser 1978, 1983, 2001, Moser et al. 1995), who
included several European and South American species,
one North American species (C. pseudobovinus) and others
from the Southern Hemisphere. Subsequently, Bidaud et al.
(2009) added some new species and suggested several other
modifications.
(text continues on Supplementary material page FP1235)
Colour illustrations. Spain, Cambil, Sierra Mágina Natural Park, forest
of Q. ilex subsp. ballota, where the holotype of Cortinarius brunneovolvatus
was collected (AMI 3752). Basidiomata in upper photo correspond with the
holotype; middle photo corresponds with AMI 3751 and the bottom photo is
JDRG2112200101; holotype basidiospores. Scale bar = 10 μm.
Supplementary material
FP1235-1 Key to the related species of section Bovini.
FP1235-2 Phylogram depicting the evolutionary relationships of Cortinarius
brunneovolvatus and its relatives based on ITS sequence data.
Antonio Mateos Izquierdo, Sociedad Micológica Extremeña, C/ Sagitario 14, 10001 Cáceres, Spain; e-mail: amateosiz1@gmail.com
Juan de Dios Reyes García, Paseo Virgen de Linarejos 6 2ºD, 23700 Linares (Jaén), Spain; e-mail: juandedioscortinarius@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
434
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Crepidotus wasseri
435
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1236 – 13 July 2021
Crepidotus wasseri Kapitonov, Biketova, Zmitr. & Á. Kovács, sp. nov.
Etymology. The name refers to the 75th anniversary of Professor Solomon
P. Wasser, a famous agaricologist, and organizer of research on cryptogamic
botany in the USSR, Ukraine, and Israel, as well as the founder and Editorin-Chief of the International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms.
Classification — Crepidotaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Type material is presented as a group of four basidiomes at
different stages of their development. Pileus small, of pleurotoid habit, hemispherical or cupulate when young, campanulate
with kidney-shaped underside outline when mature, 2 –10 mm
diam, dorsally attached, with inrolled margin, not hygrophanous,
felted-tomentose, white when fresh, staying ivory creamish after
drying. Gills not frequent, of two levels, 2–8 mm long, c. 0.3 mm
wide, with white, minutely fimbriate edge, young white, later
pale cinnamon near the centre. Stipe absent; dorsal attachment zone white, subtomentose. Flesh thin (c. 0.2 mm thick),
white, not hygrophanous; odour and taste not recorded. Spore
print cinnamon-buff. Basidiospores (6.5 –)7.1– 8.6(– 9.0) ×
(4.5–)4.8–5.5(–5.9) µm, av. = 7.8 × 5.2 µm, Q = (1.36–)1.43–
1.64(–1.77), Qav. = 1.52 (n = 50), obovate, somewhat abaxially
flattened, entirely smooth, thick-walled, pale cinnamon, with
globules-rich contents, CB+, IKI–. Basidia (21.6 –)24.0–28.6
(–30.8) × (6.7–)7.2–10.0(–10.4) µm, av. = 26.6 × 8.6 µm (n = 30),
clavate, (2–)4-spored, clamped at the base. Cheilocystidia
numerous, (33.1–)37.1–59.6(–74.0) × (3.9–) 4.6–7.3(–8.4)
µm, av. = 47.2 × 5.9 µm (n = 50), narrowly lageniform, with
elongated base and narrow tip, in some cases simply septate
at the base. Pleurocystidia especially not differentiated. Pileipellis a trichoderm consisting of simple-septate hyphae, 3.5–5.8
(– 6.3) µm diam, terminal cells (pileocystidia) narrowly lageniform, (42.2 –)54.8–83.0(–93.2) × (4.2 –)4.5 –7.4(–8.8) µm (n
= 20). Pigment lacking. Clamp connections abundant in the
internal tissues, but invisible in the pileipellis.
Habitat & Distribution — Growing gregarious on wood debris
of Populus tremula. Uncommon in the studied area. So far
known only from Russia.
Notes — Crepidotus wasseri could be well characterised
by a combination of characters such as: 1) small basidiomes;
2) completely smooth basidiospores; 3) narrowly lageniform
elements along the gills edge as well as the pileus upperside;
and 4) invisible clamp connections in the pileipellis hyphae.
The latter feature, although it was partially visible in some
pileipellis photos of Crepidotus volubilis (Kumar et al. 2018a),
was generally not reported for the genus Crepidotus as a
whole (whose representatives were characterised either by
the complete absence of clamp connections, or by their presence in all tissues), but it was reported quite regularly, e.g., for
entolomataceous fungi (e.g., Jančovičova & Adamčik 2012).
As shown in the molecular phylogram, C. wasseri represents
a distinct and rather distant clade from neighbouring species
clades, forming a basal lineage to the C. palodensis-C. subverrucisporus complex. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs
GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequences were Uncultured Basidiomycota 4S1_A12 (GenBank
EU489965.1; Identities = 819/881 (93 %), 18 gaps (2 %)) and
Uncultured fungus FDBC50 (GenBank JQ247381.1; Identities
= 818/884 (93 %), 18 gaps (2 %)). The closest hits using the
LSU sequence C. aff. alabamensis (GenBank GQ892982.1;
Identities = 1 347/1 368 (98 %), no gaps) and C. mollis (GenBank DQ986293; Identities = 1 346/1 368 (98 %), no gaps).
Other morphologically similar species with minute basidiomes
(see Supplementary material FP1236-1) bear only superficial
similarities with C. wasseri in various aspects, e.g., lageniform
cheilocystidia (C. epibryus, C. lagenicystis), or smooth basidiospores (C. autochtonus, C. epibryus).
Typus. ruSSia, Tyumen Region, Tobolsky District, vicinity of Belaya
village, Betuleto-Tremuletum variiherbosum, on debris of Populus tremula,
N58°16'36" E68°41'40", 26 Sept. 2019, V.I. Kapitonov (holotype LE 287679,
ITS and nrLSU sequences GenBank MW722981 and MW723022, MycoBank
MB 839123).
Additional material examined. Crepidotus caspari: ruSSia, Novgorod, on
Salix sp. wood, 21 Aug. 1999, O.V. Morozova (LE 227999, ITS sequence
GenBank MW722982).
Supplementary material
FP1236-1 Differentiating characters of phylogenetically (top section) and
morphologically (bottom section) related Crepidotus species.
Colour illustrations. Russia, Tyumen Region, Tobolskiy district, BetuletoTremuletum variiherbosum, where the holotype was collected. Top: basidiomes in situ; median: pileipellis with terminal elements; bottom left: cheilocystidia; bottom right: basidia; on the right: basidiospores (all from holotype).
Scale bars = 5 mm (basidiomes), 10 μm (pileipellis and cheilocystidia), 5 μm
(basidia and basidiospores).
FP1236-2 Maximum likelihood tree of Crepidotus wasseri sp. nov. and
closely related species. Analysis of the nrDNA ITS region was conducted
using MEGA X software (Kumar et al. 2018b) employing the GTR+G model
with 1 000 bootstrap replicates. Another measure of branch support was
estimated through Bayesian Inference using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al.
2012) under the same model for 2.5 M replicates. Posterior probability values
≥ 0.7 and bootstrap support values ≥ 50 % are shown at the nodes. The new
species is indicated in bold, holotypes indicated with asterisk (*). Two-letter
country codes (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2) reflecting origin of specimens are given.
Vladimir I. Kapitonov, Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
626152 Tobolsk, Russia; e-mail: kvi@udsu.ru
Alona Yu. Biketova & Ádám Kovács, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Eötvös Lóránd Research Network,
H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; e-mail: alyona.biketova@gmail.com & kovadi90@gmail.com
Ivan V. Zmitrovich, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: iv_zmitrovich@mail.ru
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
436
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Cuphophyllus flavipesoides
437
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1237 – 13 July 2021
Cuphophyllus flavipesoides J.B. Jordal & E. Larss., sp. nov.
Etymology. Refers to its morphological similarity of Cuphophyllus flavipes.
Classification — Hygrophoraceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata clitocybioid. Pileus 15–40(–50) mm diam, as young
conical to plano-convex with a broad and blunt umbo and incurved margin, later becoming more plane, with age sometimes
becoming slightly depressed and with somewhat undulating and
lobed margin. Lubricous to subviscid, sometimes translucently
striate at margin up to 2/3 towards the centre, hygrophanous,
as young grey violet or ash grey to greyish brown to brown,
with a violaceous tint, dark at centre, paler towards the margin
and with age discolouring to pale grey to grey violet. Lamellae short to deeply decurrent, arcuate, distant to subdistant,
lamellae that reach the stipe = 30 – 40(– 50), interspaced with
lamellulae, a few furcate, intervening, first whitish to greyish,
when greyish with paler margin, with age pale greyish. Stipe
30 – 65 × 3 –7 mm, cylindrical and usually thickest at the apex
or upper half, tapering and often bending towards the base,
dry, matt, fibrillose lengthwise, pale, whitish grey, at the base
normally pale yellow, up to 1/3 of the stipe. Context concolorous.
Smell weak, indistinct, taste mild.
Micro-morphological characters measured from dried material
dehydrated in 3 % KOH and ammoniacal Congo red solution. Spores (5.5 –)7.0 –7.3(– 8.8) × (4.2 –)5.2 – 5.4(– 6.1) µm,
n = 117, av. 7.2 × 5.3 µm, Q = 1.34 –1.39, subglobose to ellipsoid, often lacrimoid, with a distinct and often oblique apiculus, hyaline, white in deposit, non-amyloid. Basidia 35 – 54 ×
7.5 – 9 µm, 2 – 4-spored observed, sterigmata 5 – 6.5 µm.
Lamellar trama irregular interwoven, made up of cylindrical
hyphae, 5.5 –7 µm wide and 30 – 60 µm long, some branched
and inflated. Pileipellis an ixocutis, 50–110 µm thick with radially
interwoven hyphae, 3 – 6 µm wide, 30 – 60 µm long, incrusted
with finely granular pigments. Hyphae in subpellis interwoven,
7–10 µm wide, 40 – 55 µm long, with inflated end cells up to
20 µm wide. Clamp connections frequent in all tissues.
Ecology & Distribution — Associated with nutrient poor
semi-natural grasslands, among mosses, herbs and grasses,
with the soil ranging from rather acid to (rarely) moderately
calcareous. Confirmed distribution so far from Norway, Sweden
and Denmark.
Typus. Norway, Vestland, Alver, Lygra (Utluro), 25 m a.s.l., in seminatural grassland pasture, 3 Sept. 2019, J.B. Jordal, JBJ19-013 (holotype
OF-258322, isotype GB-0207610, ITS-LSU sequence GenBank MW714630,
MycoBank MB 839261).
Notes — Cuphophyllus flavipesoides belongs in a complex
of closely related and morphologically similar species. In macroand micromorphology it is very similar to C. flavipes. On average
we find that the spores in C. flavipes are more subglobose with
the average measurements 7.1 × 5.6 µm, and Q = 1.22–1.27,
compared to the average in C. flavipesoides, 7.2 × 5.3 µm,
Q = 1.34–1.39. In Voitk et al. (2020) an average value for the
spores of the selected epitype of C. flavipes was measured to
Colour illustrations. Cuphophyllus flavipesoides habitat in semi-natural
grassland, from the type locality in Vestland, Alver, Lygra, Norway. In situ
basidiomata of the holotype; hymenium and basidiospores of the holotype
(OF-258322). Scale bars = 10 µm for spores, 20 µm for hymenium.
Q = 1.2. The two species differ in ITS1 sequence data by four
substitutions and four single bp insertion/deletion events, in
the ITS2 by six substitutions and three single bp insertion/deletion events. The sequences in the C. flavipesoides clade are
homogenous, suggesting an independent evolutionary lineage.
Based on the sequence data available, the two species differ
somewhat in geographic distribution where C. flavipes seems to
be more common in southern Europe and confirmed from Italy,
Austria, Germany, UK, Denmark, SW Norway and S Sweden,
whereas C. flavipesoides has a more northern distribution range
and is confirmed from Norway, Sweden and Denmark and is
most common in the northern /boreal areas. However, the two
species overlap and co-occur in some areas in southern parts
of Scandinavia.
Cuphophyllus pseudopallidus is also closely related and resembles C. flavipesoides, but it differs in morphology by having
a pale beige brown (ecru-drab) to pale greyish pileus colour
and ivory yellow lamellae, a stipe that is glabrous, striate and
white-shining, and somewhat smaller spores (Hesler & Smith
1963, Voitk et al. 2020). So far only known from North America
and Japan.
C. flavipesoides MK573932
C. flavipesoides MK573931
C. flavipesoides MW714630 Holotype
C. flavipesoides MW714630
C. flavipesoides MW714635
C. flavipesoides MW714637
C. flavipesoides MW714638
C. flavipesoides MW714639
C. flavipesoides MW714636
83
C. flavipesoides MW714631
94
C. flavipesoides MW714640
98
C. pseudopallidus KF291044 KF291045
C. pseudopallidus HQ185706 Holotype
100
C. flavipes MW714628
C. flavipes MW714629
97
C. flavipes MK573930
C. flavipes MN453872
C. flavipes MK547077 Epitype
C. flavipes MK547066
C. hygrocyboides MK573937
C. hygrocyboides MN430917
Phylogram obtained using PAUP v. 4.0a (Swofford 2003) based on ITS
and LSU data showing the position of C. flavipesoides to C. flavipes and
C. pseudopallidus. Bootstrap support values are indicated on branches.
Cuphophyllus flavipesoides is marked in bold and the holotype is indicated.
Supplementary material
FP1237 Additional materials examined.
Ellen Larsson, Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, and Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461,
SE40530 Göteborg, Sweden; e-mail: ellen.larsson@bioenv.gu.se
John Bjarne Jordal, Miljøfaglig Utredning, Gunnars veg 10, NO 6630 Tingvoll, Norway; e-mail: jordal@mfu.no
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
438
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Curvularia tanzanica
439
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1238 – 13 July 2021
Curvularia tanzanica Y.P. Tan, Dhileepan, Ntandu, Kurose & R.G. Shivas, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Tanzania, the country from which it was collected.
Classification — Pleosporaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Hyphae pale brown, smooth or verruculose, branched and
septate, up to 3 – 6 µm wide. Conidiophores erect, straight to
flexuous, geniculate towards apex, brown, smooth, septate,
50 –110 × 3 – 4 µm, lateral or terminal, unbranched or sparingly
branched. Conidiogenous cells intercalary and terminal, brown,
smooth to minutely verruculose, polytretic with darkened scars.
Conidia cylindrical to narrowly ellipsoidal, straight, rounded
at the apex, 21– 32 × 8 –12 µm, 3(– 4)-distoseptate, brown to
dark brown, end cells paler than others, third cell from base
sometimes larger and darker than others; hila conspicuous,
protuberant, thickened, darkened, 2 – 3 µm wide.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on potato dextrose agar
approx. 4 cm diam after 7 d at 25 °C, surface with little aerial
mycelium, dark brown to black.
Typus. taNZaNia, Korogwe, Msambiasi, S05°07'57" E038°23'10", on inflorescence of Cyperus aromaticus (Cyperaceae), 22 Dec. 2019, J.E. Ntandu,
K. Dhileepan, M.D.E. Shivas & R.G. Shivas (holotype BRIP 71771, culture
ex-type IMI 507176, ITS, LSU and gapdh sequences GenBank MW396857,
MW396841 and MW388669, MycoBank MB 838305).
Notes — Curvularia tanzanica is only known from collections
on Cyperus aromaticus (syn: Kyllinga polyphylla) (Cyperaceae)
in Tanzania. Curvularia tanzanica was discovered while searching for plant pathogens on C. aromaticus in its native range
in equatorial Africa. The aim of the surveys was to find plant
pathogens that may have potential for the biological control of
C. aromaticus in northern Queensland, Australia, where the
sedge has become an invasive weed in pastures and sugar
cane crops. Curvularia tanzanica colonised the floral parts of
C. aromaticus that superficially resembled the darkened crustose inflorescences of Sporobolus spp. (Poaceae) covered
(and sometimes destroyed) by certain species of Curvularia
spp. (Luttrell 1976, Alcorn 1982, Tan et al. 2018).
The multilocus phylogenetic analysis of the ITS and gapdh loci
placed C. tanzanica sister to C. gladioli strain CBS 210.79.
Based on a blastn search, C. tanzanica differs from C. gladioli
in ITS (GenBank LT631345; Identities 558/565 (99 %), no gaps)
and gapdh (GenBank LT715802; Identities 531/540 (98 %), no
gaps). Morphologically, C. tanzanica has straight conidia, which
differentiates it from C. gladioli (illustrated in Parmelee (1956)
as C. trifolii f. sp. gladioli) with curved conidia (the third cell from
the base is swollen and convex on one side).
Additional material examined. taNZaNia, Korogwe, Msambiasi, S05°07'57"
E038°23'10", from inflorescence of Cyperus aromaticus (Cyperaceae), 22
Dec. 2019, J.E. Ntandu, K. Dhileepan, M.D.E. Shivas & R.G. Shivas, BRIP
71104, ITS, LSU and gapdh sequences GenBank MW396856, MW396840
and MW388668.
Curvularia borreriae CBS 859.73
Curvularia pallescens CBS 156.35*
Curvularia coatesiae BRIP 24261*
Curvularia trifolii CBS 173.55
100/1.0
-/0.88
Curvularia microspora GUCC 6272*
Curvularia austriaca CBS 102694*
100/1.0 BRIP 71104
Curvularia tanzanica
99/1.0
IMI 507176*
Curvularia gladioli CBS 210.79
Curvularia gudauskasii DAOM 165085
100/1.0
Curvularia harveyi BRIP 57412*
Curvularia bothriochloae BRIP 12522*
-/0.97
80/0.98
Curvularia akaiiensis BRIP 16080*
Curvularia akaii CBS 317.86
-/0.81
Curvularia andropogonis CBS 186.49
100/1.0
100/1.0
Curvularia nanningensis GUCC 11005*
Curvularia heteropogonis BRIP 15928*
Curvularia deightonii CBS 537.70
Curvularia richardiae BRIP 4371*
85/0.95
92/1.0
0.01
Colour illustrations. Kunjithapatham Dhileepan in sedgeland, eastern
Tanzania. Inflorescence of Cyperus aromaticus colonised by Curvularia
tanzanica; conidiophores; conidia. Scale bars = 1 mm (inflorescence), 10 µm
(others).
Phylogenetic tree of selected Curvularia species based on a maximum
likelihood analysis of a combined multilocus alignment (ITS and gapdh).
Analyses were performed on the Geneious v. 11.1.2 platform (Biomatters Ltd.)
using RAxML v. 8.2.11 (Stamatakis 2014) and MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist &
Huelsenbeck 2003), both based on the GTR substitution model with gammadistribution rate variation. Branch lengths are proportional to distance. RAxML
bootstrap (bs) values greater than 70 % and Bayesian posterior probabilities
(pp) greater than 0.8 are given at the nodes (bs/pp). Curvularia richardiae
was used as outgroup. Novel taxon is indicated in bold. Ex-type strains are
marked with an asterisk (*).
Yu Pei Tan, Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia;
e-mail: yupei.tan@daf.qld.gov.au
Kunjithapatham Dhileepan, Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia;
e-mail: Kunjithapatham.dhileepan@daf.qld.gov.au
John E. Ntandu, National Herbarium of Tanzania, Arusha, Tanzania; e-mail: johnelia1998@gmail.com
Daisuke Kurose, CABI-UK, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, UK; e-mail: D.Kurose@cabi.org
Roger G. Shivas, Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia;
e-mail: roger.shivas@usq.edu.au
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
440
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Elaphomyces borealis
441
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1239 – 13 July 2021
Elaphomyces borealis Jeppson & E. Larss., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to its distribution in boreal regions.
Classification — Elaphomycetaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Ascomata subglobose, 1– 3 cm diam. Peridial surface first yellowish brown to orange brown, with age greyish brown with a
covering of dense small pyramidal papillae, in places fragile and
more or less farinaceous, found solitary or in small groups, no
conspicuous hyphal mat or hyphal crust present. Cortex of hyaline to yellowish compacted parallel bundles of regularly septate
hyphae, 2–4 µm diam, towards the gleba more loosely interwoven and moderately ramified hyphae, 3 – 5 µm diam. Papillae
more strongly yellow pigmented and constructed of intricately
interwoven hyphae. Peridium in section fresh up to 3 mm diam,
pale pink to violaceous pink, often with slight orange tinges,
consisting of hyaline hyphae, 2 – 5 µm diam, towards the gleba
partly covered with abundant extracellular grains of reddish
brown pigments. Gleba immature whitish greenish with hyaline
hyphae and rounded, thick-walled, 2 – 2.5 µm diam, pedunculate asci 40 – 50 µm diam containing 5 – 8 ascospores, mature
gleba dark brown to black. Ascospores globose, 35 – 45 µm in
KOH incl. ornamentation, 25 – 30 µm in Hoyer’s medium, with
a dense ornamentation of straight to slightly curved spines,
1– 2.5 µm long, forming an inconspicuous cheetah pattern with
scarce and narrow ‘pathways’. High proportion of ascospores
collapsing when mounted in KOH 3 %. Considerably smaller,
14–20 µm, and more pigmented spores, interpreted as aborted
spores, are abundantly present among the normal ascospores.
Ecology & Distribution — Associated with Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris and Betula pubescens in boreal and subalpine
forest habitats. It has a more northern distribution range than
E. asperulus and E. granulatus, and to date it has only been
recorded in Central Sweden, but is likely to occur also in suitable habitats in neighbouring countries.
Typus. SwedeN, Härjedalen, Tännäs, Mittådalen, subalpine woodland
under Pinus sylvestris and Betula pubescens, 760 m a.s.l., N62.698857°
E12.684028°, 25 Aug. 2020, E. Larsson, D. Gustafsson & M. Jeppson 11239
(holotype GB-0207608, ITS-LSU sequence GenBank MW676123, MycoBank
MB 839018).
Additional material examined. Elaphomyces borealis: SwedeN, Dalarna,
Järna, Noret, mesic coniferous woodland, under Pinus sylvestris and Picea
abies, 260 m a.s.l., N60.564776° E14.425721°, 22 Aug. 2020, E. Larsson,
D. Gustafsson & M. Jeppson 11199 (GB-0207607, ITS-LSU sequence
GenBank MW676125); ibid., 11204, 11205, 11206; Härjedalen, Tännäs,
Mittådalen, subalpine woodland under Betula pubescens and Pinus sylvestris, 760 m a.s.l., 25 Aug. 2020, E. Larsson, D. Gustafsson & M. Jeppson
11232, 11233, 11236, 11238; Härjedalen, Tännäs, Vivallen, mesic coniferous
woodland under Picea abies and Betula pubescens, 670 m a.s.l., 26 Aug.
2020, E. Larsson, D. Gustafsson & M. Jeppson 11249 (GB-0207605, ITSLSU sequence GenBank MW676124); ibid., E. Larsson 86-20 (GB-0207609,
ITS-LSU sequence GenBank MW676126).
Notes — Elaphomyces borealis belongs in a complex of
morphologically similar species in subsect. Elaphomyces. It
is most closely related to E. asperulus for which an epitype
was selected by Paz et al. (2017), and the recently described
species E. roseoviolaceus and E. pusillus (Molia et al. 2020).
It differs morphologically from E. asperulus in ascospore ornamentation, abundance of aborted spores, and the orange
tone of the peridium. Elaphomyces pusillus also has a northern
boreal distribution range and occurs in similar habitats but differs in having smaller ascomata and pink to slightly violaceous
peridium in section, and smaller spores. Elaphomyces roseoviolaceus is associated with richer and calcareous coniferous
mixed forests and has dark pink to bluish violaceous peridium
in section and somewhat smaller spores.
95
52
E. roseoviolaceus KR029752 holotype
E. roseoviolaceus KR029751
100
E. pusillus KR029760
E. pusillus KR029761 holotype
E. borealis MW676123 holotype
78
E. borealis MW676124
E. borealis MW676125
E. borealis MW676126
60
98
E. asperulus KX238833 epitype
E. asperulus KR029753
67
E. asperulus KR029754
E. asperulus KR029755
90
E. citrinopapillatus KR029764
E. citrinopapillatus KR029765 holotype
E. granulatus KR029768
E. granulatus KR029767 epitype
Phylogram obtained using PAUP v. 4.0a (Swofford 2003) based on ITS and
LSU data showing the position of E. borealis in Elaphomyces subsection
Elaphomyces. Bootstrap support values are indicated on branches, E. borealis is marked in bold and the holotype is indicated.
Colour illustrations. Elaphomyces borealis forest habitat from the type
locality in Härjedalen, Sweden. Ascomata; ascospores in side view and
surface view and smaller abortive spores (holotype). Scale bars = 10 mm
(ascomata), 10 µm (ascospores).
Mikael Jeppson & Ellen Larsson, Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, and Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre,
Box 461, SE40530 Göteborg, Sweden; e-mail: mikael.jeppson@bioenv.gu.se & ellen.larsson@bioenv.gu.se
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
442
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Entoloma ammophilum
443
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1240 – 13 July 2021
Entoloma ammophilum G.M. Jansen, Dima, Noordel. & Vila, sp. nov.
Etymology. Referring to the habitat on sandy soil (from άμμος, Greek, –
sand, and φιλέω, Greek, – to like).
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata medium-sized, collybioid. Pileus 10–20(–35) mm
diam, convex to convex flattened, umbilicate, not distinctly
hygrophanous, dark brown or grey brown with blackish brown
centre, deeply translucently striate up to centre, minutely
squamulose at centre, more or less glabrous towards margin.
Lamellae, L = about 30, l = 3–5, deeply emarginate, ventricose,
pink with eroded, concolorous edge. Stipe 30 – 50 × 1– 2 mm,
cylindrical, bicolored, steel-blue in lower part, brown above,
polished. Smell and taste not noted. Spores heterodiametrical,
9.5 –11.5 × 7– 8.5 µm, av. 10.4 × 7.8 µm, Q = 1.1–1.55, Qav =
1.25, regularly 5 –7-angled. Basidia 4-spored, clavate, up to
45 × 15 µm, clampless. Lamella edge fertile, cystidia absent.
Pileipellis a cutis at margin, trichoderm-like at centre, made
up of clavate terminal elements, up to 20 µm wide. Pigment
intracellular-granular, brown. Clamp connections absent in all
tissues.
Habitat & Distribution — Terrestrial on sandy soil, in small
groups in moist dune valley with Salix repens on calcareous
sandy-clayey soil, or in sandy soil of riverbanks, under Populus
nigra and Alnus glutinosa. Known from the Netherlands and
Spain.
Notes — Entoloma ammophilum has a characteristic dark
brown or brown grey pileus and a polished, bicoloured stipe.
It differs from E. glaucobasis, which frequently occurs in the
same habitat, by the polished nature of the stipe, and fertile
lamellae edge. Furthermore, E. glaucobasis is phylogenetically rather distant in the /Griseocyaneum clade. Within the
/Sarcitulum clade, this species resembles E. montanum, which
may superficially look similar, but differs clearly in having a
sterile, often brown coloured lamella edge, and alpine or boreal
distribution.
Typus. the NetherlaNdS, Prov. Zeeland, Dreischor, 22 Oct. 2016, G.M.
Jansen C160-4418 (holotype L0608224, ITS sequence GenBank MW934591,
MycoBank MB 839221).
Additional material examined. SpaiN, Barcelona, Vallès Oriental, Can
Romegosa, Sant Fost de Campsentelles, alt. 140 m, 24 Oct. 2010, under
Populus nigra and Alnus glutinosa, on sandy soil, F. Caballero & J. Vila, SFC
101024-05 (L0607606, ITS sequence GenBank MW934592).
Supplementary material
Colour illustrations. The Netherlands, Prov. Zeeland, Dreischor (type
locality). Spores and pileipellis (from holotype); basidiomata in situ (holotype).
Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (spores and microstructures).
FP1240 Phylogenetic tree derived from Maximum Likelihood analysis based
on nrITS1-5.8S-ITS2 data. Analysis was performed in PhyML v. 3.0 (Guindon
et al. 2010) using the non-parametric Shimodaira-Hasegawa version of the
approximate likelihood-ratio test (SH-aLRT) and the GTR+I+Γ model of
evolution. ML bootstrap support values are shown at the nodes (BS > 50 %).
Gerrit M. Jansen, 6703 JC Wageningen, The Netherlands; e-mail: mail@4k2.nl
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C,
H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
Machiel E. Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517,
2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
Jordi Vila, Passatge del Torn, 4, 17800 Olot, Spain; e-mail: micocistus@hotmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
444
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Entoloma coracis
445
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1241 – 13 July 2021
Entoloma coracis Brandrud, Dima, Noordel., G.M. Jansen & Vila, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to the dark blackish to violaceous black
colour of the basidiomata, like plumage of a raven (Corvus corax).
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata medium-sized, collybioid. Pileus 10–35 mm, hemispherical to convex expanding plano-convex with involute then
deflexed margin, with depressed, rarely umbilicate centre, not
hygrophanous, not translucently striate, initially very dark blackish to violaceous black, with age the bluish tinges fade away,
leaving the pileus very dark brownish black, violaceous black
or porphyry brown, uniformly coloured, not or slightly pallescent
on maturing, entirely tomentose and staying so during development or breaking up in small squamules. Lamellae, L = 20–30,
l = 1– 3, moderately distant, adnate-emarginate or with decurrent tooth, segmentiform to subventricose, white, then with pale
pink tinge, with irregular, usually with concolorous edge; rarely
spotted black from the start, or becoming spotted blackish with
age. Stipe 20 – 80 × 3 –7 mm, relatively long and stout, initially
violaceous grey, fading to pale bluish grey, sometimes developing a lilac-pink tinge, much paler than the pileus, not polished,
but covered with blue to violaceous longitudinal fibrils, sometimes scaly-flocculose at apex, especially in rainy conditions,
fibrils with same colour or contrastingly darker than background,
with abundant white basal mycelium. Context white. Smell insignificant, taste not recorded. Spores 8.5 –12.5 × 5.5 –7.5 μm,
av. 9.5–11 × 6–6.5 μm, Q = 1.3–1.7, Qav = 1.3–1.4, heterodiametrical, with 5–7 rather pronounced and sharp angles. Basidia
4-spored, claviform, 28.5–41 × 8–13.5 μm, clampless. Lamella
edge sterile, consisting of a strand of hyphae with clustered
cheilocystidia (serrulatum-type) with rather pronounced often
somewhat tapering cheilocystidia, 5 –15 μm wide, usually not
pigmented, but occasionally becoming bluish black with age.
Hymenophoral trama regular, made up of cylindrical to inflated
hyphae, 11– 25 μm wide. Pileipellis a cutis with transitions to a
trichoderm, of clavate, septate, terminal elements, 50 –110 ×
8–19 μm. Pigment intracellular, brown. Brilliant granules sparse
to abundant. Clamp connections absent.
Habitat & Distribution — Saprotrophic, calciphilous or acidophilous. In Norway mainly in open, calcareous Pinus and Tilia
forests, but also in naturally open, steppe-like, thermophilous
grassland/shrubland on shallow-soil limestone rocks, and once
also recorded in grassland and shrub vegetation on limestone.
In South Europe in Mediterranean thermophilous areas, under
Quercus ilex, Cistus monspeliensis or Pinus halepensis, also
known in the Canary Islands, on woods with Laurus novocanariensis, Pinus radiata and Cistus symphytifolius. Known from
Norway, France, Spain and Austria, but certainly more widespread in Europe.
Typus. Norway, Telemark, Porsgrunn, Frierflogene NR, near bridge,
calcareous, dry grassland/margin of calcareous pine forest, 14 Sept. 2019,
T.E. Brandrud, B. Dima & R. Solvang, TEB 381-19 (holotype O-F-256850,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MW934571 and MW934251, MycoBank
MB 839222).
Additional materials examined. auStria, Tirol, Ehrwald, 28 Aug. 2018,
Rainer Wald (L0608002, ITS sequence GenBank MW934578). – fraNce,
Dordogne, Sanilhac, route de Lafaye, on soil with Mycenella bryophila,
241 m a.s.l., 6 Nov. 2019, G. Eyssartier (GE 19027, ITS sequence GenBank
MW934581). – Norway, Nordland, Alstahaug, Altra, 10 m a.s.l., calcareous
pasture, 18 Sept. 2004, D. Pettersen, A.B. Stærnes, J.B. Jordal, A. Knutsen
& P. Fadnes (O-F-67255, ITS sequence GenBank MW934572); Trøndelag,
Snåsa, Bergsåsen Nature Reserve, calcareous pine forest, 2 Sept. 2009,
E. Bendiksen & K. Bendiksen KB&EB51/09 (O-F-252053, ITS sequence
GenBank MW934574); Steinkjer, Kvam, Aunvolltangen, 60 m a.s.l., old
calcareous Picea forest, 3 Sept. 2010, H. Holien & T.E. Brandrud, U.-B.
Bøe, A. Molia HH 57/10 (O-F-293335, ITS sequence GenBank MW934575);
Telemark, Bamble, Baneåsen Nature Reserve, calcareous Tilia forest, 7 Sept.
2015, B. Dima & T.E. Brandrud TEB 244-15 (O-F-251952, ITS sequence GenBank MW934573); Bamble, Røsskleiva Nature Reserve SE, in calcareous
Fraxinus-Corylus forest, 8 Sept. 2015, T.E. Brandrud & B. Dima TEB 279-15
(O-F-254580, ITS sequence GenBank MW934576); Porsgrunn, Blekebakken
Nature Reserve, calcareous Pinus forest, 25 Sept. 2015, T.E. Brandrud &
B. Dima TEB 557-15 (O-F-254614, ITS sequence GenBank MW934577);
Vestfold, Larvik, Løvallåsen, calcareous grassland, 9 Oct. 2013, T. Læssøe &
A. Molia AM-245ø-2013 (O-F-21892, ITS sequence GenBank MW934579).
– SpaiN, Girona, Can Cofi, 1 June 2013, P. Carbo 20130601 (L0608020, ITS
sequence GenBank MW934580).
Notes — Entoloma coracis is one of the E. corvinum lookalikes, with its very dark, opaque, tomentose pileus, white
lamellae, and fibrous stipe. Entoloma aranense is a sister species of E. coracis, less robust, paler, with a lilac-bluish tinged
pileus when young, later brown and fibrillose, and a typical
subalpine-alpine habitat. Microscopically the differences are
minimal. Entoloma porphyrogriseum is also closely related,
but differs, e.g., in smaller spores, and not so persistently dark
pileus. Phylogenetically (see the phylogenetic tree for E. ammophilum in Supplementary material FP1240), these three
species are rather distant from E. corvinum s.str., as we now
interpret it, and they differ from E. coracis, morphologically by
the narrower, more sharply angled spores, the serrulatum-type
lamella edge, and the habitat. Entoloma corvinum is an alpine
species, like the similar E. erhardii, which differs by having
smaller spores, and a polished stipe.
Colour illustrations. Norway, Telemark, Porsgrunn, Frierflogene NR,
calcareous dry grassland/margin of calcareous pine forest (type locality).
Spores, cheilocystidia, pileipellis, stipitipellis (all from holotype); basidiomata
in situ (holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (spores and
microstructures).
Tor Erik Brandrud, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway; e-mail: tor.brandrud@nina.no
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117,
Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
Machiel E. Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
Gerrit M. Jansen, 6703 JC Wageningen, The Netherlands; e-mail: mail@4k2.nl
Jordi Vila, Passatge del Torn, 4, 17800 Olot, Spain; e-mail: micocistus@hotmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
446
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Entoloma cyaneobasale
447
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1242 – 13 July 2021
Entoloma cyaneobasale Corriol, Dima & Noordel., sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to the blue colour in the base of the stipe
(from ‘cyaneus’, Greek – dark blue, and ‘basis’, Greek – base).
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata medium-sized, collybioid. Pileus 20–40 mm diam,
campanulate to convex with incurved margin, then bluntly
conico-convex to convex with more or less lobed margin, brown
(near 7.5YR3/4) then brown-yellow (10 YR 5.4; Munsell 1954),
darker at centre, distinctly hygrophanous (drying to 10 YR
7/3), nearly opaque with only slight striation at margin, entirely
fibrillose to sub-squamulose. Lamellae rather distant, deeply
emarginate, straight to ventricose, whitish, then pink, with
slightly eroded, brown edge. Stipe up to 45 × 4.5 mm, cylindrical, or quite often compressed with groove, initially blue-grey
at base (2.5 / PB), and pale greyish at apex (10 YR 7– 6/2),
typically bicoloured, quickly fading, nearly polished, but with
fine fibrillose striation over whole length, with white mycelial base. Context whitish. Smell and taste not noted. Spores
(9 –) 9.5 –11(–11.5) × (7–)7.5 – 8.5(– 9) μm, av. 10 × 8 μm,
Q = (1.1–)1.15 –1.4, Qav = 1.3, shortly heterodiametrical, with
6 – 8 weak angles, thick-walled, with granular content. Basidia
22 – 30 × 10 –12 μm, 4-spored, shortly cylindrico-clavate to
ventricose, with 3 – 4 μm long sterigmata, clampless. Lamellae
edge sterile, of serrulatum-type, made up of septate cheilocystidia, with terminal elements 35 – 55 × 9 –13 μm, with brown,
intracellular pigment. Pleurocystidia not observed. Subhymenium branched. Pileipellis a trichoderm, with clavate terminal
elements, often in clusters, with brown, diffuse, intracellular
pigment. Subpellis with concentrated brown intracellular pigment, with abundant brilliant granules and mixed with refringent
lactiferous hyphae. Clamp connections absent.
Habitat & Distribution — Terrestrial in alpine snowbed on
basic to calcareous soil, together with Dryas and Salix species.
Known from France and Italy.
Notes — Entoloma cyaneobasale falls within the /Mediterraneense clade (see the phylogenetic tree for E. ammophilum
in Supplementary material FP1240). In the field, these collections were readily identified as E. glaucobasis on account of the
bicoloured stipe. However, the spores are smaller, the stipe is
more polished, and it has a lamella edge of the serrulatum-type
with brown pigment. Entoloma glaucobasis is also phylogenetically distant, and belongs to the /Griseocyaneum clade.
Typus. fraNce, Pyrenées-Atlantiques, Eaux-Bonnes, cirque du Plaa
Ségouné, Gourette, 2 400 m a.s.l., 30 Aug. 2002, G. Corriol (holotype
GC02083008 in BBF, ITS sequence GenBank MW934560, MycoBank MB
839223).
Additional materials examined. italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Passo dello
Stelvio/Stilfser Joch, near Berghotel Franzenshöhe, alpine grassland with
Dryas and Salix spp., 2 200 m a.s.l., 30 July 2018, B. Dima, DB-2018-07-30-1
(ITS sequence GenBank MW934561).
Colour illustrations. France, Pyrenee-Atlantiques, Eaux-Bonns, cirque du
Plaa Ségouné à Gourette, 2 400 m a.s.l., calcareous alpine snowbeds on the
northern slope of Pyrenees. Spores; cheilocystidia; pileipellis; stipitipellis (all
from holotype); basidiomata in situ (holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (spores and microstructures).
Gilles Corriol, National Botanical Conservatory of the Pyrenees and Midi-Pyrénées, Vallon de Salut, BP 70315,
65203 Bagnères-de-Bigorre, France; e-mail: gilles.corriol@cbnpmp.fr
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C,
H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
Machiel E. Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
Viktor Papp, Department of Botany, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 44.
H-1118 Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: agaricum@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
448
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Entoloma cyaneolilacinum
449
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1243 – 13 July 2021
Entoloma cyaneolilacinum Noordel., J.B. Jordal, Brandrud & Dima, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to the colours of the basidiocarps, from
‘cyaneus’, Greek, ‒ blue, and ‘lilacinus’ ‒ lilac.
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata medium-sized, collybioid. Pileus 10 ‒ 25 mm,
conico-convex or campanulate-conical, slightly expanding,
finally plano-convex, with deflexed then straight margin, not
distinctly hygrophanous, deep blue then paler lilac-blue with
a slightly darker spot at centre, deeply translucently striate, at
first finely radially fibrillose to faintly tomentose, breaking up
in small squamules in central part, radially fibrillose to almost
smooth towards margin. Lamellae moderately distant, deeply
emarginate, ventricose, white or with a faint bluish tinge, contrasting with blue pileus and stipe, with entire, concolorous
edge. Stipe 30 ‒ 50 × 2 ‒ 3 mm, cylindrical, deep blue then
lilac-blue, concolorous with margin of pileus or paler, glabrous,
smooth, polished, with some white mycelium at base, once
observed with yellow (discoloured?) mycelium. Smell and taste
not indicated. Spores (7.5 ‒)8.0 ‒10.0(‒11.0) × 6.0 ‒ 8.5 μm,
av. 8.5‒ 9.5 × 6.5 ‒ 8.0 μm, Q = 1.2‒1.6, Qav = 1.4, heterodiametrical, 5 ‒7-angled in side-view. Basidia 30 ‒ 50 × 8 ‒12 μm,
4-spored, clampless. Lamella edge fertile. Cystidia absent.
Hymenophoral trama regular, made up of inflated elements,
up to 20 μm wide. Pileipellis a transition between a cutis and
a trichoderm, made up of clavate terminal elements, 22 ‒75 ×
10‒25 μm with brownish intracellular pigment. Brilliant granules
present, but not abundant. Clamp connections absent.
Habitat & Distribution — In semi-natural grasslands and
in deciduous woodlands with Betula, Corylus, Fraxinus and
Quercus. Verified with sequenced collections from Norway and
The Netherlands, also reported from Germany.
Additional materials examined. Norway, Møre og Romsdal, Sunndal,
Jordalsgrenda, Kalvhusvøttu, 60 m a.s.l., seminatural grassland (meadow),
14 Sept. 2004, J.B. Jordal, M.E. Noordeloos & G. Gulden (O-F-177981,
ITS sequence GenBank MW934584); ibid., 20 Sept. 2019, JBJ19-049
(O-F-256792, ITS sequence GenBank MW934586); Rogaland, Stavanger,
Rennesøy, Askje, V-side, c. 60 m a.s.l., in semi-natural pasture, 3 Oct.
2006, J.I. Johnsen & J.B. Jordal (O-F-361225, ITS sequence GenBank
MW934587); Vindafjord, Alnåsen west, 129 m a.s.l., west-faced deciduous
forest, 5 Sept. 2008, J.B. Jordal, JBJ08-E02 (O-F-252007, ITS sequence
GenBank MW934585). – the NetherlaNdS, Prov. Utrecht, Soesterberg,
former airfield, 30 Sept. 2019, M.E. Noordeloos, P.J. Keizer & J. v. Dongen
(L0607898, ITS sequence GenBank MW934583).
Notes — The delicate lilac-blue colour of the basidiocarps
as well as the small spores and fertile lamella edge are distinctive for E. cyaneolilacinum. It was treated as E. lepiotosme in
Noordeloos (2004). However, there are considerable discrepancies with the protologue, describing a species with a blackish
brown, virgate pileus, reminiscent of a species of Inocybe, a
fibrillose stipe surface, a strong smell like that of Lepiota cristata,
and larger spores. The lectotype of Rhodophyllus lepiotosmus
failed for DNA sequencing. Considering the conflict with the
protologue and the lack of molecular data, it was decided to
describe the present taxon here as a species in its own right.
Morphologically, E. cyaneolilacinum resembles E. violaceoviride, which has a sterile, brown pigmented lamella edge and
often some greenish tinges in the basidiocarp, and has a distant
phylogenetic position. Entoloma cruentatum, also phylogenetically distant (see the phylogenetic tree for E. ammophilum in
Supplementary material FP1240), has similar spores and fertile
lamella edge, but often turns orange-yellow when bruised at
the base of the stipe.
Typus. Norway, Møre og Romsdal, Stranda, Liabygda, Ansok, N62.3137°
E7.0236° (± 7 m), 310 m a.s.l., seminatural grassland (meadow), on the
ground, 2 Sept. 2009, J.B. Jordal, JBJ09-E02 (holotype O-F-252009, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MW934582 and MW934252, MycoBank
MB 839224).
Colour illustrations. Norway, Møre og Romsdal, Stranda, Liabygda, Ansok, seminatural grassland, type locality. Spores, cheilocystidia, pileipellis,
stipitipellis (all from holotype); Basidiomata in situ (holotype). Scale bars =
1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (spores and microstructures).
Machiel E. Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden,
The Netherlands; e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
John Bjarne Jordal, Miljøfaglig Utredning, Gunnars veg 10, NO 6630 Tingvoll, Norway; e-mail: jordal@mfu.no
Tor Erik Brandrud, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway; e-mail: tor.brandrud@nina.no
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C,
H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
450
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Entoloma isborscanum
Fungal Planet description sheets
451
Fungal Planet 1244 – 13 July 2021
Entoloma isborscanum O.V. Morozova, Noordel., Dima, G.M. Jansen & Reschke, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after Izborsk (Isborscum, Lat.), a village in the Pskov
Region of Russia, one of the oldest Russian towns, type locality and Entoloma
hot spot.
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata medium-sized, collybioid. Pileus 15‒35 mm diam,
hemispherical, with slightly depressed centre, then expanding to convex or plano-convex with slightly umbilicate centre,
with deflexed then straight margin, not hygrophanous or in
the pileus margin only, not translucently striate or up to 1/3 of
radius, radially fibrillose-squamulose all over, more densely in
the centre, white background is visible between fibrils, brownish yellow, yellowish brown or light brown, darker in centre
(5C5 – 8, 5D5 – 8; Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), in old and drying specimens radially cracking, showing white underground.
Lamellae moderately distant, adnate-emarginate, decurrent
with short tooth, whitish, pale or greyish, becoming pinkish grey,
with irregular, concolorous, whitish or brownish edge. Stipe
20 –70 × 2 – 3 mm, cylindrical or slightly broadened towards
the base, minutely distinctly longitudinally striate, completely
greyish blue (20B3 – 4, 20C3 – 4), greyish brown, bluish on the
base only or completely yellow-brown, concolorous with the
pileus (5C5 – 8, 5D5 – 8), white tomentose at the base. Context
white, brownish under the surface. Smell pleasantly sweet or
indistinct, taste unpleasant, nitrous. Basidiospores 8 –12 ×
6 –7.5 μm, av. 9–10.5 × 6 –7.5 μm, Q = (1.15 –)1.3 –1.7, Qav =
1.35 –1.5, heterodiametrical, with 5 –7 distinct angles in sideview, sometimes with some large spores up to 14 × 7 μm with
indistinct angles from 1– 2-spored basidia. Basidia 32 – 35.5 ×
9.5 –10.5 μm, 1– 4-spored, narrowly clavate to clavate, sometimes with broadened walls, clampless. Lamella edge sterile
of the ‘serrulatum’-type. Cheilocystidia 40 – 90 × 9 –25 μm, as
terminal elements of the hyphae arising from the subhymenium,
clavate, broadly clavate or cylindrical, sometimes septate,
sometimes with intracellular pigment, brownish in KOH. Hymenophoral trama regular, 4 – 20 μm wide, cylindrical hyphae.
Pileipellis a cutis with transition to a trichoderm of cylindrical
hyphae, 5 –12 μm wide with cylindrical or inflated to ellipsoid or
ovoid terminal elements, 48–105 × 12–32 μm, and intracellular,
sometimes agglutinate pigment, brown in KOH. Caulocystidia
as ascending bundled, cylindrical to slightly inflated terminal
elements of the stipitipellis hyphae. Clamp connections absent.
Habit & Distribution — In small groups on soil on calcareous
grasslands. Known from Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands,
and Russia (European part).
Typus. ruSSia, Pskov region, Pechorsky district, Izborsk village, foot of
the Truvor hillfort, on calcareous grassland, N57.717702° E27.854764°,
24 Aug. 2011, O. Morozova (holotype LE 302088, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MW934566 and MW934253, MycoBank MB 839225).
Additional materials examined. deNmark, Jylland, Begtrup Røn, 26 Aug.
2011, R. Ejrnæs (C, DMS167798, ITS sequence GenBank MW934570).
– GermaNy, Baden-Württemberg, Heimberg, near Schloßböckelheim, 27
Oct. 2017, W. Prüfert (M-0141378, ITS sequence GenBank MW934565). –
ruSSia, Pskov region, Pechorsky district, Izborsk village, foot of the Truvor
hillfort, on calcareous grassland, 24 Aug. 2011, O. Morozova, LE 312486,
ITS sequence GenBank MW934564; ibid., 12 Sept. 2020, O. Morozova,
LE 312679, ITS sequence GenBank MW934569. – the NetherlaNdS, Prov.
Limburg, Nijswiller-Noord, 14 Aug. 2019, F. & R. Salzmann, L0607743, ITS
sequence GenBank MW934568; ibid., 21 Aug. 2019, L0607927, ITS sequence GenBank MW934567; ibid., 2 Oct. 2019, L0607719, ITS sequence
GenBank MW934563; ibid., 16 Oct. 2019, L0607718, ITS sequence GenBank
MW934562.
Notes — Entoloma isborscanum is characterised by a squamulose yellowish brown pileus, a bluish or brownish blue, longitudinally striate stipe, rather small spores with distinct 5 –7
angles, and a sterile lamella edge consisting of large clavate
cheilocystidia arising from the subhymenium. Superficially it
resembles E. griseocyaneum, which differs by the absence of
cheilocystidia and smaller spores, or E. glaucobasis, which possesses larger, almost nodulose spores (Noordeloos 1992). The
holotype specimen was published in Morozova et al. (2015) as
E. exile, but this species is sufficiently more slender with distinct
greenish glaucous tinges in the stipe. Also see the phylogenetic
tree for E. ammophilum in Supplementary material FP1240.
Colour illustrations. ruSSia, Pskov region, Pechorsky district, Izborsk village, foot of the Truvor hillfort, calcareous grassland (type locality). Spores,
cheilocystidia, pileipellis, caulocystidia (all from holotype); basidiomata in
situ (holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (spores and microstructures).
Olga V. Morozova, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str.,
Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: OMorozova@binran.ru
Machiel E. Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden,
The Netherlands; e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C,
H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
Gerrit M. Jansen, 6703 JC Wageningen, The Netherlands; e-mail: mail@4k2.nl
Kai Reschke, Mycology Research Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue Straße 13,
60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; e-mail: Reschke@em.uni-frankfurt.de
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
452
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Entoloma pseudocruentatum
Fungal Planet description sheets
453
Fungal Planet 1245 – 13 July 2021
Entoloma pseudocruentatum Noordel., Brandrud, G.M. Jansen, Dima & Læssøe, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to the erroneously applied name Entoloma
cruentatum for this species.
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata small to medium-sized, collybioid. Pileus 15–25 mm
diam, convex to flattened-convex, later, when maturing, from
flattened to somewhat depressed in the centre, never umbonate; slate blue grey with slight violaceous tinge, deeply
translucently striate, innately radially fibrillose, not squamulose at centre, margin somewhat crenulate. Lamellae adnate,
bluish grey when young. Stipe 30 – 40 × 2 – 4 mm, similar in
colour to the pileus or paler, polished, with white to yellow or
orange-yellow basal tomentum. Context thin, pale grey bluish.
Smell indistinct. Taste not known. Basidiospores 8.5 –10.0 ×
6.0 –7.5 μm, av. 9.1 × 6.8 μm, heterodiametrical, with 5 –7
angles in side-view. Basidia 28 – 34 × 9.5 –12.5 μm, clavate,
4-spored, clampless. Lamella edge fertile, cheilocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis of cylindrical hyphae, 3.5 – 9 μm wide,
with a transition to a trichoderm at centre of clavate elements,
12–30 μm wide. Pigment blue to grey-blue, clotted granular and
diffusely intracellular. Stipitipellis cylindrical hyphen 3.5–8.5 μm
wide with grey blue clotted granular and diffuse intracellular
pigment. Clamp connections absent in all tissues.
Habitat & Distribution — Saprotrophic, in groups on nutrient
poor (acid) soil, in a regularly mown, species-rich grassland of
an old airbase (holotype) and on rich grassland (Denmark),
herb/grass-rich Fraxinus-Quercus forest (Norway).
Notes — Entoloma pseudocruentatum was interpreted
as E. cruentatum by Noordeloos (1987, 2004), as similar to
E. chalybaeum, with a fertile lamella edge, a glaucous-blue
stipe, with the base frequently discolouring yellowish or pale
orange. However, there are now reasonable doubts as whether
the original diagnosis of Quélet (1886) actually refers to the
same species. Entoloma cruentatum is described as a species with a more or less conical to umbonate, lilac-blue pileus,
and a stipe with glaucous bluish stipe with a strong reddening
at base. Kühner & Romagnesi (1953) considered it a dubious
species, probably in subg. Nolanea. Another option could be
that E. cruentatum represents a form of E. exile, a species with
rather variable pileus shape and colour, and often a reddening stipe base. The concept of Noordeloos (1984) was based
on a collection from Scotland, which has many characters in
common with the species described here. For this reason, we
describe Entoloma cruentatum sensu Noordeloos (1984) as a
new species. Also see the phylogenetic tree for E. ammophilum
in Supplementary material FP1240.
Typus. the NetherlaNdS, Prov. Utrecht, Soesterberg, former airfield,
30 Sept. 2019, M.E. Noordeloos, P.J. Keizer & J.V. Dongen (holotype
L0607915, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MW934588 and MW934254,
MycoBank MB 839227).
Additional materials examined. deNmark, Favrholt, in semi-natural grassland, on shady slope with Plantago lanceolata and Succisa pratensis, 19
Aug. 2008, T. Læssøe, TL-13373 (C, DMS-730741; ITS sequence GenBank
MW934590). – Norway, Telemark, Drangedal, Malfjell S, 31 Aug. 2015, in
rich, somewhat calcareous grass-herb vegetation in open Fraxinus-Quercus
forest, T.E. Brandrud, TEB 188-15 (O-F-251951; ITS sequence GenBank
MW934589).
Colour illustrations. The Netherlands, Prov. Utrecht, Soesterberg, former
airfield (type locality, photo credit P.J. Keizer). Basidiomata (left from holotype,
right from TEB188-15); spores, cheilocystidia, pileipellis, stipitipellis (all from
holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (habit), 10 μm (spores), 5 μm (pileipellis and
stipitipellis).
Machiel E. Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517,
2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
Tor Erik Brandrud, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway; e-mail: tor.brandrud@nina.no
Gerrit M. Jansen, 6703 JC Wageningen, The Netherlands; e-mail: mail@4k2.nl
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C,
H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
Thomas Laessøe, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15,
2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark; e-mail: thomas.laessoee@sund.ku.dk
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
454
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Entoloma pudens
455
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1246 – 13 July 2021
Entoloma pudens Noordel., G.M. Jansen, M.v.d. Vegte & Dima, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to the modest size of the species.
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata small-sized, omphalioid. Pileus 12 –18 mm diam,
convex with straight or slightly crenulate margin, umbilicate,
hygrophanous, deeply translucently striate up to centre, dark
brown with obscure sepia-brown centre, finely scaly-virgate,
particularly at central part. Lamellae distant, L = 12, l = 1– 3,
arcuate-deeply decurrent, pale brown with pinkish hue, with
concolorous, entire edge. Stipe 35 – 30 × 1–1.5 mm, slightly
broadened towards apex, pale horn brown, glabrous, polished.
Smell and taste indistinct. Spores 9.5 –13 × 6.5 – 8.5 μm, av.
11.3–11.5 × 7.6–8.2 μm, Q = 1.2–1.7, Qav 1.4–1.5, heterodiametrical, rather regularly 5–7-angled. Basidia 28–53 × 11–11.5
μm, 4-spored, clampless. Lamella edge fertile, cystidia absent.
Pileipellis a cutis of broad hyphae with transitions to a trichoderm, made up of clavate elements, up to 25 μm wide, with both
intracellular and incrusting pigment. Clamp connections absent.
Habitat & Distribution — Gregarious on plant debris, amongst
grasses and Sphagnum in unfertilized hayfield. Known only from
the type locality in The Netherlands.
Typus. the NetherlaNdS, Prov. Gelderland, Groesbeek, de Bruuk, 17 Sept.
2018, Marjon v.d. Vegte & G. Jansen C173-6268 (holotype L0608054, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MW934594, MycoBank MB 839226).
Additional material examined. the NetherlaNdS, Prov. Gelderland,
Groesbeek, de Bruuk, 2 Sept. 2018, G. Jansen, C173-6195 (L0607607, not
sequenced).
Notes — This small omphalioid species was initially identified
as Entoloma nigellum sensu Orton (1960), a concept accepted
by Noordeloos (2004). The Dutch specimens are very likely the
same as Orton’s with their dark, translucently striate pileus,
distant, decurrent lamellae, polished stipe, large spores and
clampless hyphae. However, when comparing the original diagnosis of this poorly known species it became clear that Quélet’s
Eccilia nigella (Quélet 1886) strongly deviates in habit, in having
a not translucent, almost black pileus, and a dark stipe, which
sometimes has a bluish tinge. It is therefore rather questionable whether we can adopt the epithet ‘nigellum’ for our taxon.
Quélet’s species could well stand for another, dark coloured
species in the /Rusticoides clade and type material is not existent. For the time being, it therefore seems prudent to consider
Eccilia nigellum as a nomen dubium. Entoloma subpusillum is
similar, differing in having a non-translucent, not glabrous but
uneven-rugulose pileal surface. Two other apparently similar
species, viz., E. pseudonigellum and E. rickenelliformis, differ
both in having a dark, not translucent pileus, differently sized
and shaped spores, and abundant clamp-connections. The type
sequence of E. pseudonigellum cluster distantly, in the /Undati
clade, while DNA sequencing of the type of E. rickenelliformis
proved unsuccessful. Several questions therefore remain unanswered in this group. Entoloma pudens is described as new,
based on well-annotated material and molecular sequence data
(see the phylogenetic tree for E. ammophilum in Supplementary
material FP1240).
Colour illustrations. The Netherlands, Groesbeek, de Bruuk, unfertilised
hayfield, type locality. Spores, cheilocystidia, pileipellis, stipitipellis (all from
holotype); basidiomata in situ (holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata),
10 µm (spores and microstructures).
Machiel E. Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517,
2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
Gerrit M. Jansen, 6703 JC Wageningen, The Netherlands; e-mail: mail@4k2.nl
Marjon v.d. Vegte, 7041 JN ’s Heerenberg, The Netherlands; e-mail: zappas@kpnmail.nl
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C,
H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
456
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Entoloma subcoracis
457
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1247 – 13 July 2021
Entoloma subcoracis O.V. Morozova, Noordel. & Dima, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to the resemblance of Entoloma coracis
due to its black colour, like a raven (Corvus corax).
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata medium-sized, collybioid. Pileus 10‒35 mm diam,
hemispherical or abruptly conical with central depression, hardly
expanding, with deflexed margin, not hygrophanous, translucently striate almost up to the centre, initially uniformly blackish
blue (21F5 – 8; Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), discolouring to
bluish grey (21F3 – 4), minutely radially fibrillose-squamulose
all over. Lamellae moderately distant, adnate-emarginate, segmentiform to narrowly ventricose, white, contrasting with the
pileus surface, becoming pink, with irregular, serrulate concolorous edge. Stipe 30 –70 × 1.5 – 3 mm, cylindrical, sometimes twisted, slightly longitudinally striate, minutely squamulose, especially in the upper part, concolorous with pileus or a
little paler (up to 21F3 – 4), white tomentose at base. Context
white, greyish under the surface. Smell indistinct, taste not reported. Basidiospores 9.5 –11 × 6.5– 8 μm, av. 10.0 × 7.0 μm,
Q = 1.3 –1.5, Qav = 1.4; heterodiametrical, with 5 –7 angles
in side-view, relatively simple. Basidia 32 – 38 × 10 –12 μm,
4-spored, narrowly clavate to clavate, clampless. Lamella edge
sterile. Cheilocystidia 37–80 × 8.5–13.5 μm, composed of 3–4
elements, terminal cells mostly lageniform or fusiform, sometimes cylindrical or narrowly clavate, colourless. Pileipellis cutis
with transition to a trichoderm of cylindrical to slightly inflated
hyphae 8–20 μm wide with inflated terminal elements and dark
intracellular pigment, brownish in KOH. Caulocystidia 35–100 ×
5.5–10 μm, as chains of cylindrical or inflated elements, usually
with tapered terminal cells. Brilliant granules present. Clamp
connections absent.
Habitat & Distribution — In small groups on soil in subalpine
grasslands. Known from Russia (Caucasus).
Notes — Entoloma subcoracis belongs to the form-group
of E. corvinum s. auct. including taxa such as E. coracis (also
described in present paper) and E. porphyrogriseum characterised by blackish blue basidiocarps. Entoloma subcoracis is
characterised by the voluminous cheilocystidia, and fusiform,
septate caulocystidia. The characteristic large cystidia are
shared with the North American E. subcorvinum (Hesler 1967,
Noordeloos 1988). Both species seem, however, to be geographically separated. Unfortunately, no DNA sequence data
are available for the holotype of E. subcorvinum. Also see the
phylogenetic tree for E. ammophilum in Supplementary material
FP1240.
Typus. ruSSia, Karachaevo-Cherkesia Republic, Teberda Nature Reserve,
Arkhyz site, near the waterfall, N43.558889° E41.301389°, alt. 1 390 m a.s.l.,
17 Aug. 2009, O. Morozova (holotype LE312483, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MW934593 and MW934255, MycoBank MB 839228).
Colour illustrations. Russia, Karachaevo-Cherkesia Republic, Teberda
Nature Reserve, Arkhyz site, near the waterfall, type locality (photo credit
E. Malysheva). Spores, cheilocystidia, pileipellis, caulocystidia (all from
holotype); basidiomata in situ (holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata),
10 µm (spores and microstructures).
Olga V. Morozova, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str.,
Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: OMorozova@binran.ru
Machiel E. Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517,
2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C,
H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
Viktor Papp, Department of Botany, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 44.
H-1118 Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: agaricum@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
458
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Eremothecium peggii
459
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1248 – 13 July 2021
Eremothecium peggii R.G. Shivas, Marney, Cunningt. & Y.P. Tan, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after Kenneth G. Pegg, an eminent Australian plant
pathologist, from whose garden the fungus was first collected.
Classification — Eremotheciaceae, Saccharomycetales,
Saccharomycetes.
Mycelium composed of filamentous hyphae, budding cells
lacking. Hyphae coenocytic without true septa, undulate or
straight walls, with abundant localized dense cytoplasmic
regions, 2 – 9 µm wide, branches often at right angles, hyaline.
Asci form directly from hyphae, mostly intercalary and aligned
in chains, occasionally terminal or lateral, with a narrow base
3–5 µm wide, when immature cytoplasmic contents distinctively
concave at base and separate from hyphal cytoplasm, irregularly sinuous to clavate-cylindrical, rounded at apex, hyaline,
(20–)40–75(–120) × 8–18 µm, with 16 or 32 ascospores, splits
irregularly. Ascospores acicular, straight or slightly curved,
15 – 21 × 1.5 – 2 µm, hyaline, widest at a narrow faint hyaline
band near the middle, narrow to a truncate base less than
0.5 µm wide, arranged in the ascus in two (or four) opposed
bundles of eight spores with apices pointed at the poles,
germinate by a perpendicular or oblique germ tube at swollen
mid-point.
Culture characteristics — On malt yeast extract peptone
glucose agar after 4 wk in the dark at 25 °C, colonies 2–3.5 cm
diam, flat, dull, dry, translucent, margin filamentous and irregular, raised, tenacious in their consistency.
Notes — The Eremotheciaceae is a monophyletic group
of species that have needle-shaped ascospores (Kurtzman
1995). Eremothecium contains five species, E. ashbyi, E. coryli,
E. cymbalariae, E. gossypii and E. sinecaudum, that are characterised by acicular ascospores (https://theyeasts.org, Kurtzman
& Robnett 2003). One of these, E. coryli, has been associated
with fruit dry rot in cultivated and indigenous Citrus in Australia
(Shivas et al. 2005). During that study, Eremothecium peggii
was isolated from fruit with dry rot of Citrus australis (Dooja,
round lime), which is native to subtropical rainforest in New
South Wales and Queensland, Australia. All species of Eremothecium are considered as plant pathogens, although the
pathogenicity of E. peggii as the cause of fruit dry rot has not
been demonstrated.
Based on a BLASTn search of NCBI GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hit against LSU sequences ex-type specimens were E. cymbalariae (strain NRRL Y-17582, GenBank
NR_042628.1, Identities 854/884 (97 %), Gaps = 4 (0 %)); E. sinecaudum (strain ATCC 58844, GenBank XR_001930265.1,
Identities 867/898 (97 %), Gaps = 5/898 (0 %)); and E. gossypii
(strain CBS 109.26, GenBank NG_063967.1, Identities 863/899
(96 %), Gaps = 5/899 (0 %)). The closest hit against ITS sequences ex-type specimens was Kluyveromyces aestuarii
(ex-type strain CBS 4438; GenBank NR_165976.1; Identities
208/218 (95 %), Gaps = 1 (0 %)).
Typus. auStralia, Queensland, Brisbane, in fruit of Citrus australis, 12
July 2004, K.G. Pegg (holotype BRIP 45029, culture ex-type BRIP 45029,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MW442983 and MW442985, MycoBank
MB 838410).
Additional material examined. auStralia, Queensland, Brisbane, in fruit
of Citrus australis, 26 July 2004, K.G. Pegg (culture BRIP 45029, ITS and
LSU sequences GenBank MW442982 and MW442984).
100
100
42
Eremothecium peggii sp. nov.
BRIP 45410
94
46
BRIP 45029T
Eremothecium ashbyi CBS 206.58
Eremothecium ashbyi CBS 207.58
83
Eremothecium coryli CBS 2608
Eremothecium sinecaudum ATCC 58844T
Eremothecium gossypii CBS 109.26T
Eremothecium cymbalariae NRRL Y-17582T
Lachancea thermotolerans NRRL Y-8284
0.05
Colour illustrations. Sub-tropical rainforest, Lamington National Park.
Colonies of E. peggii on V8 agar (top), potato dextrose agar (middle) and
malt yeast extract peptone glucose agar (bottom) after 4 wk in the dark at
25 °C; hyphae differentiating into asci, asci; ascus, ascospores. Scale bars
= 1 cm (top), other = 10 µm.
Phylogenetic tree of Eremothecium species based on a maximum likelihood
analysis of a combined multilocus alignment (ITS and LSU). Analyses were
performed on the Geneious v. 11.1.2 platform (Biomatters Ltd.) using RAxML
v. 8.2.11 (Stamatakis 2014) and MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck
2003), both based on the GTR substitution model with gamma-distribution
rate variation. Branch lengths are proportional to distance. RAxML bootstrap
(bs) values greater than 70 % and Bayesian posterior probabilities (pp)
greater than 0.8 are given at the nodes (bs/pp). Saccothecium rubi and
S. sepincola were used as outgroups. Novel taxa are indicated in bold. Extype strains are marked with T.
Roger G. Shivas, Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350,
Queensland, Australia; e-mail: roger.shivas@usq.edu.au
Thomas S. Marney & Yu Pei Tan, Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102,
Queensland, Australia; e-mail: thomas.marney@daf.qld.gov.au & yupei.tan@daf.qld.gov.au
James H. Cunnington, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Canberra 2600,
Australian Capital Territory, Australia; e-mail: james.cunnington@awe.gov.au
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
460
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Exophiala spartinae
461
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1249 – 13 July 2021
Exophiala spartinae Raudabaugh, Gunsch, & A.N. Mill., sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the host species, Spartina alterniflora.
Classification — Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriales, Eurotiomycetes.
Mycelium on agar black, slimy texture containing pigmented
yeast cells and pseudomycelium, large non-budding yeast cells
purplish black, 4 – 4.5 × 6 – 6.5 µm, pseudomycelium purplish
black, cells 2 – 3 × 10 –12 µm. Mycelium submerged in agar
pale brown, smooth, branched, septate, 3 – 4 µm wide hyphae.
Conidiophores purplish brown, branched or unbranched, typically one or two subglobose to broadly ellipsoidal basal cells
3.5 – 5 × 4.5 –7 µm, guttulate. Conidiogenous cells intercalary
or terminal, purplish brown, broadly ellipsoidal to obpyriform,
3.5 – 5 × 4.5 –7 µm, polyblastic. Conidia smooth, ellipsoidal,
aseptate, purplish brown, 2 – 3 × 3– 3.5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on malt extract agar and
potato dextrose agar umbonate on surface, black, dry to moist,
margin undulate, reaching 8 –15 mm diam after 10 d at 20 °C,
reverse purplish black without diffusible pigment.
Habitat & Distribution — Isolated from surface sterilised roots
of Spartina alterniflora from saltwater marsh. Known only from
Virginia, USA.
Additional material examined. uSa, Virginia, Chesapeake County, from
sterilized S. alterniflora root tissue in saltwater marsh, 36.7928, -76.2898,
c. 1 m a.s.l., 13 Nov. 2019, D. Raudabaugh, B4-7-NF (ILLS00121430, ITS
sequence GenBank MW465990).
Notes — Exophiala spartinae was isolated using nitrogen free
medium (Kurtzman et al. 2011) from two separate S. alterniflora
plants. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS nrDNA sequences employing Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian criteria and implementing Gblocks suggest that the closest taxa to E. spartinae are
E. oligosperma, E. jenselmei, E. spinifera, E. exophialae, and
Rhinocladiella basitona. This species is distinguished by its subglobose to broadly ellipsoidal conidiophore cells, which consist
of one to three cells with a terminal conidiogenous cell. Exophiala spinifera (NR111131) was the closest nrITS BLASTn
match (90 %) against the entire E. spartinae ITS sequence.
Typus. uSa, Virginia, Chesapeake County, from sterilised Spartina alterniflora (Poaceae) root tissue in saltwater marsh, 36.7926, -76.2898, c. 1 m a.s.l.,
13 Nov. 2019, D. Raudabaugh, B6-6-NF (holotype ILLS00121429, culture
ex-type B6-6-NF-C = CBS 147266, ITS sequence GenBank MW473723,
MycoBank MB 838321).
Colour illustrations. Spartina alterniflora growing in a salt-water marsh in
Virginia, USA. Colony growing on PDA; yeast cells and pseudomycelium;
mycelium with lipid guttules, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells, and conidia;
branched conidiophore. Scale bars = 5 mm (culture), 20 µm (pseudomycelium), 10 µm (conidiophores, conidiogenous cells, conidia).
Maximum likelihood tree of Exophiala species ITS1-5.8-ITS2 nrDNA sequences generated using RAxML v. 8.2.10 (Stamatakis 2014) on the CIPRES
v. 3.3 portal (Miller et al. 2010). Bootstrap support values ≥ 70 % are shown
above branches. Thickened branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥ 95 %. Exophiala spartinae is identified in bold. The type species
of Exophiala is E. salmonis and identified by T. All Exophiala sequences
obtained from type specimens.
Daniel B. Raudabaugh & Claudia K. Gunsch, Duke University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; 121 Hudson Hall,
Durham, North Carolina, 27708, USA; e-mail: raudaba2@illinois.edu & ckgunsch@duke.edu
Andrew N. Miller, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street,
Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA; e-mail: amiller7@illinois.edu
Teresa Iturriaga, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14850, USA; e-mail: ti14@cornell.edu
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
462
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Extremopsis radicicola
463
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1250 – 13 July 2021
Extremopsis G. Delgado & Maciá-Vicente, gen. nov.
Etymology. Named after its close phylogenetic relationship with the genus
Extremus.
Classification — Extremaceae, Mycosphaerellales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium colonising root-associated soil and isolated on culture
media from surface-sterilised roots of living plants. Chlamydospores present, terminal or intercalary, solitary, in chains or forming clusters, variable in shape, 0 –1-septate.
Type species. Extremopsis radicicola G. Delgado & Maciá-Vicente
MycoBank MB 838931.
Extremopsis radicicola G. Delgado & Maciá-Vicente, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the roots of the host plant from which the
fungus was isolated.
Mycelium composed of hyaline, subhyaline to pale brown,
branched, septate hyphae, 2 – 3.5 µm wide. Chlamydospores
present, abundant, terminal or intercalary, solitary, in short
chains of up to 8 or forming more or less dense clusters, globose,
subglobose, ellipsoidal, pyriform or elongated, subhyaline to
pale brown, smooth, thin-walled that may become brown, thickwalled, 0 –1-septate and smooth to verruculose, dark brown
when forming large clusters, (3 –)4 –11(–13) × 2.5 – 8(–10) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on malt extract agar
(MEA) slow growing, reaching 9 –13 mm diam after 3 wk at
25 °C, velvety, grey to dark grey or blackish grey, raised 1– 2
mm at the centre, with or without a concentric ring around the
raised centre, margin entire, reverse black, no exudates. On
potato dextrose agar (PDA) reaching 10 –14 mm diam, dark
grey olivaceous, slightly raised at the centre, margin slightly
diffuse, reverse black olivaceous. On modified cellulose agar
(MCA) very slow growing, reaching 6 – 8 mm diam, dark grey,
grey at the centre, flat, margin irregular, diffuse, reverse black.
Cultures sterile, chlamydospores abundant.
Typus. SpaiN, Ciudad Real, Cabañeros National Park, from root-associated
soil in a wet heathland (‘trampal’), N39°20'58.5" W4°21'38.6", 725 m a.s.l.,
isolated from surface-sterilised, asymptomatic roots of an Arabidopsis
thaliana plant inoculated with soil and grown under controlled conditions, 19
Apr. 2018, coll. J.G. Maciá-Vicente, isol. 20 June 2018, J.G. Maciá-Vicente,
P6446 (holotype stored in a metabolically inactive state CBS 147117, culture
ex-type CBS 147117, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MN310191 and
MN308483, MycoBank MB 838946).
Notes — The family Extremaceae includes fungi that are
ecologically highly diverse ranging from extremophilic, rock
inhabiting and acidophilic members such as Extremus, the
generic type, to lichenicolous, epiphyllous, endophytic, saprobic or plant pathogenic genera (Quaedvlieg et al. 2014). The
new genus Extremopsis is introduced to accommodate sterile
strains of a root endophyte isolated from surface-sterilised,
asymptomatic roots of plants used as bait inoculated with
root-associated soil. The three strains of E. radicicola did not
sporulate in any of the different culture media used including
MEA, PDA, MCA or Water Agar supplemented with wooden
toothpicks, but they produced abundant chlamydospores in
all media. Their ITS and partial LSU sequences were nearly
Colour illustrations. Wet heathland (‘trampal’) in the Cabañeros National
Park, Ciudad Real, Spain. Colonies on MEA; chlamydospores solitary or in
chains; cluster of chlamydospores; mycelium. Scale bars = 10 µm (chlamydospores), 5 µm (mycelium).
identical except for a single gap at position 128 of alignment in
the case of the ITS of both CBS 147117 and P6514, and two bp
differences in the LSU of the latter. Phylogenetically, they form
a strongly supported monophyletic group in Extremaceae sister
to the genus Extremus but with low support. Moreover, although
originally identified as ‘Devriesia’ sp., they group distant from
Devriesia s.str. in Teratosphaeriaceae represented by D. staurophora, the generic type (Meng et al. 2017). Interestingly, two
other strains also named ‘Devriesia’ sp., NG_p52, isolated
during a study of gene expression of fungal nitrate reductases
in agricultural soils from Austria (Gorfer et al. 2011); and MI63,
isolated from soil in Germany, grouped within the Extremopsis
clade and seem conspecific with E. radicicola, expanding the
known distribution of the genus from southern Spain to other
localities across Europe.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits of Extremopsis radicicola (CBS
147117) using the ITS sequence are ‘Devriesia’ sp. NG_p52
(GenBank HQ115717.1; Identities = 232/232 (100 %), no
gaps), ‘Devriesia’ sp. MI63 (GenBank MW268825.1; Identities
= 230/232 (99 %), no gaps) and a melanised limestone ascomycete CR-2004 TRN80 (GenBank AY559340.1; Identities
= 222/232 (96 %), two gaps (0 %)). The closest hits using
the LSU sequence are ‘Devriesia’ sp. NG_p52 (GenBank:
HQ115717.1; Identities = 488/490 (99 %), no gaps), Extremus
adstrictus (GenBank KF310022.1; Identities = 527/539 (98 %),
two gaps (0 %)) and ‘Devriesia’ sp. OTU56 TS-2013 (GenBank
AB808449.1; Identities = 521/535 (97 %), two gaps (0 %)).
Supplementary material
FP1250-1 Additional materials examined.
FP1250-2 Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree inferred from concatenated ITS and LSU rDNA sequences of strains of Extremopsis and related
genera showing their placement within Extremaceae. The new genus is
enclosed in a coloured box and strains newly obtained in this study are in
bold. ML and Bayesian analyses were performed using RAxML v. 8.2.12
(Stamatakis 2014) and MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003),
respectively, on the CIPRES Science Gateway server (Miller et al. 2010).
Maximum likelihood analysis employed the rapid bootstrapping algorithm with
the GTRCAT model and 1 000 bootstrap iterations. Numbers above branches
represent bootstrap support values ≥ 70 %. Bayesian inference consisted of
two independent runs of 10 M generations sampled every 100th generation
and the first 25 % of trees discarded as burn-in. Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥ 0.95 are indicated by thickened branches. Myriangium hispanicum
(CBS 247.33) and Elsinoe phaseoli (CBS 165.31) were used as outgroup.
The alignment and trees were deposited in TreeBASE (study 27826).
Gregorio Delgado, Eurofins EMLab P&K Houston, 10900 Brittmoore Park Dr. Suite G, Houston, TX 77041, USA;
e-mail: gregorio.delgado@eurofinset.com
Jose G. Maciá-Vicente, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University & Research,
P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; e-mail: jose.maciavicente@wur.nl
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
464
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Fistulinella aurantioflava
465
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1251 – 13 July 2021
Fistulinella aurantioflava T.H.G. Pham, A.V. Alexandrova & O.V. Morozova, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to bright yellow colour of the basidiomata and
orange margin of tubes, from Latin ‘aurantius’ (orange) and ‘flavus’ (yellow).
Classification — Boletaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata medium sized, boletoid. Pileus 25 ‒ 50 mm diam,
hemispherical to convex; the surface is mucous to sticky when
wet, smooth; the edge overhanging the hymenophore, even,
strongly inflexed in young basidiomata; yellow, bright yellow
or yellow-orange to orange and dark orange (3A6 – 8, 4A6 – 8,
4B5 – 6; Kornerup & Wanscher 1978). Hymenophore poroid,
adnate-emarginate, decurrent with a short tooth on the stipe,
slightly depressed around the apex of the stipe, 3 – 8 mm thick,
1.5–2 times thicker than the context; tubes yellowish to cream,
do not change colour if damaged; the pores are rounded to
angular, 0.5 –1 mm diam, with bright orange drops of exudate
on the margin. Stipe 40 – 90 × 3 –7 mm, cylindrical, fusiform or
slightly widening towards the base, pale yellow with orange
dots above (drops of exudate), bright yellow below the annular zone (if present), smooth, mucous to sticky, solid in upper
part, becomes hollow in the lower part. Context yellowish, not
changing in the pileus and in the upper part of the stipe, in the
lower half turns slightly blue. Smell weak, taste not reported.
Basidiospores (10 –)11.5 –12.5(–14) × (3.5 –)4(– 4.5) μm, Q =
(3.0–)3.1(–3.3), fusiform or nearly cylindrical with weak suprahilar depression in lateral projection, fusiform in the ventral
projection, from yellowish to brownish yellow in KOH, smooth.
Basidia 24 – 36 × 7–10 µm, 4-spored, clavate. Cheilocystidia
45–70 × 4–6 µm, forming a sterile margin, cylindrical, flexuous,
thin-walled, with pale yellow content. Pleurocystidia 35 –75 ×
5 –10 µm, fusiform or narrowly lageniform, with bright yellow or
yellow-brown contents. Hymenophoral trama divergent, boletoid. Pileipellis ixotrichoderm, consisting of yellowish or brownish, cylindrical gelatinised intertwined hyphae, 2.5 – 5 µm wide
with both yellow-brown intracellular and additionally incrusting
pigments, and scattered dermatocystidia, 10 – 25 × 3 – 4 µm.
Stipitipellis is a cutis of hyaline parallel hyphae, 2 – 5 µm thick.
Caulocystidia 68 –130 × 11–16 µm, in the form of cylindrical,
septate hairs with narrowly clavate end cells, sometimes diverticulate. Clamp connections absent.
Typus. VietNam, Dak Lak Province, Kon Ka Kinh National Park, 35 km east
of the city of Kon Tum Ayun, N14.217129° E108.310132°, 1 220 m a.s.l., on
slopes on a tropical mountain polydominant soil forest with the participation of
representatives of the families Anacardiaceae, Fagaceae, Meliaceae, Myrtaceae and Theaceae, 16 May 2016, A.V. Alexandrova (holotype LE 315616,
ITS, LSU and mtSSU GenBank sequences MW784159, MW760388 and
MW776411, MycoBank MB 839260).
Additional materials examined. VietNam, Dak Lak Province, Krong Bong
District, Chu Yang Sin National Park, Krong Kmar Commune, 7 km north-west
of Chu Yang Sin Mt, N12.421139° E108.373722°, 1 196 m a.s.l., on the soil
on the trail in the mountain primary evergreen polydominant tropical forest,
28 May 2014, A.V. Alexandrova & T.H.G. Pham (LE 315617, ITS, LSU and
mtSSU GenBank sequences MW784160, MW760389 and MW776412).
Notes — Fistulinella aurantioflava is characterised by a
bright yellow colouration of basidiomata, a smooth, strongly
glutinous surface of pileus and stipe in a wet state, a strongly
involved pileus margin, covering the hymenophore of young
basidiomata, and a wide hymenophore. Microscopically, smooth
fusiform, almost cylindrical spores and lageniform pleurocystidia
with yellow content are characteristic. Due to macromorphological features, F. aurantioflava resembles Pulveroboletus curtisii,
described from North America and distributed there. However,
the surface of the pileus of the true Pulveroboletus species is
pulverulent, and distinct pileal margin veil covers the hymenophore when young. Contrary, the strongly glutinous covering of
the pileus and stipe makes our species similar to representatives of the pink-spored genus Fistulinella (Austroboletoideae),
originally described based on a species from Cameroon (Hennings 1901). Preliminary molecular analyses suggested this
genus to be polyphyletic. Vasco-Palacios et al. (2014), Magnago
et al. (2017) and Gelardi et al. (2021) showed that American
species of Fistulinella cluster in a statistically strongly supported
separate clade with respect to those described from Australia,
New Zealand and Asia. However, molecular analyses are required on the generic type, the African taxon F. staudtii to clarify
the delimitation of Fistulinella s.str.
According to the data of the phylogenetic analysis, our specimens are nested within the /Austroboletoideae clade, close to
Austroboletus, Veloporphyrellus and the Asian branch of Fistulinella. Despite the presence of some morphological differences
(the absence of a pronounced pink colour of the spores, the
presence of yellow-coloured pleurocystidia, and the unusual
bright yellow colour of basidiomata), we attribute this species
to the genus Fistulinella.
Fistulinella aurantioflava differs from Pulveroboletus curtisii (the
systematic position of which also requires clarification) by its
smaller and narrower spores ((10 –)11.5 –12.5(–14) × (3.5 –)4
(– 4.5) µm vs (10.5 –)11.2 –15(–19) × 4.3 – 6.5 µm (Singer
1947)), the presence of a bluish discolouration in the lower
part of the stem, and geographical distribution. In the GenBank
database Pulveroboletus curtisii is represented only by mtSSU
and LSU sequences. Our sequences of these markers are very
distant from them (mtSSU: 5.35 %; LSU: 7.29–7.39 %).
Supplementary material
Colour illustrations. Vietnam, Dak Lak Province, Kon Ka Kinh National
Park (type locality). Spores, cheilocystidium; pleurocystidium; pileipellis;
stipitipellis with caulocystidia (all from holotype); young basidioma in situ,
hymenophore with orange drops in the tube edges (LE 315617); longitudinal
section through the basidioma (from holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (spores and microstructures).
FP1251 Phylogenetic tree derived from Bayesian analysis, based on ITS15.8S-ITS2 data. Analysis was performed under GTR model of evolution, for
3 M generations, using MrBayes v. 3.2.1 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Posterior
probability (PP > 0.95) values from the Bayesian analysis are added at the
nodes. The scale bar represents the number of nucleotide changes per site.
Sequences derived from type material is indicated with (T) and the tree was
rooted to two sequences of Gyroporus.
Thi Ha Giang Pham, Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center,
Hanoi, Vietnam; e-mail: giangvietnga@gmail.com
Alina V. Alexandrova, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Faculty of Biology, 119234, 1, 12 Leninskie Gory Str.,
Moscow, Russia / Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam; e-mail: alexandrova@mail.bio.msu.ru
Olga V. Morozova, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str.,
Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: OMorozova@binran.ru
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
466
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Hyalodendriella bialowiezensis
467
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1252 – 13 July 2021
Hyalodendriella bialowiezensis Gorczak, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the Białowieża Primeval Forest where it was
collected.
Classification — Hamatocanthoscyphaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
On cornmeal agar (CMA): Conidiophores initially simple, later
branching laterally, arborescent, usually with 2 – 4 branches,
sometimes with secondary branches, 4 – 8 cells in main axis
(av. = 5.5), conidiogenous cells mostly with single apical locus,
infrequently 2 – 3 loci present. Conidiophores with distinctly
wider and shorter cells than vegetative mycelium, with thicker
cell walls, (30.5 –)36 – 52.5(–57.5) (av. = 44) µm long × 2.5 –
3.5(–4) (av. = 3) µm wide. Rarely simple conidiophores forming
as lateral branches on hyphae 1– 2 cells, forming unbranched
chain of conidia. Conidia formed in basipetal chains, infrequently 2–4 spores detach connected. Conidia hyaline, smooth
or very finely verrucose, granular, aseptate, distinctly apiculate,
limoniform, ellipsoidal or oval, (3.5 –)5 –7.5(–10) (av. = 6.2) µm
long × (1.5 –)2 – 2.5(– 4) (av. = 2.3) µm wide. Ramoconidia derived from detached cells of branchlets of upper conidiophores
present in older cultures, more irregular, angular and elongated,
sometimes apiculate, (5.5 –)7–11.5(–15) (av. = 9.1) µm long ×
(1.5–)2–3(–4) (av. = 2.6) µm wide. Vegetative hyphae smooth,
hyaline, thin-walled, regularly septate, 1–2 (av. = 1.7) µm wide;
rarely, larger, thin-walled, globose cells present.
Culture characteristics — (in darkness, 20 ± 2 °C). On oatmeal agar (OA) colonies dense, margin irregular, undulating,
elevated in the centre, initially creamy, later beige, slightly orange in the centre in older colonies, with very sparse patches
of white, low aerial mycelium, reaching 2(– 2.5) cm in 2 mo. On
potato dextrose agar (PDA) and malt extract agar (MEA) averse
creamy, yellowish in older cultures, reverse yellowish, reaching
1.5(–2) cm in 2 mo. On cornmeal agar (CMA) cultures tiny, with
white, snow-like, fluffy aerial mycelium, vegetative mycelium
sparse and thin. On CMA radiating needle-like crystals were
noted on the surface of the mycelium, 20 – 40 (av. = 31) µm
diam.
Typus. polaNd, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Białowieża Forest, forest division
366B, near Teremiski, on debris beneath fallen bark of Norway spruce Picea
abies previously infected with European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus,
22 Nov. 2018, M. Gorczak (holotype WA0000074527, ex-type culture MGC
152A = CBS 148027,, ITS, SSU, LSU, tef1-α, rpb1 and rpb2 sequences GenBank MW004162, MW004159, MW009815, MW013798, MW811184 and
MW013801, MycoBank MB 839246).
Notes — Hyalodendriella bialowiezensis is similar to subhyaline cladosporium-like fungi – Hyalodendriella betulae, Rachicladosporium, Hormiactis, and members of obsolete genus
Hyalodendron (now in Ramularia and Apiotrichum). However,
conidia of H. bialowiezensis do not have coronate scars (like
Colour illustrations. Białowieża Primeval Forest logging site, Poland
(photo M. Klemens). Two-month-old colonies of H. bialowiezensis on PDA
(left) and OA (right); conidiophores with visible young lateral branches and
chains of limoniform conidia; various spores including irregular ramoconidia
and undivided chains of limoniform spores. Scale bars = 20 µm.
Ramularia or true Cladosporium), and are always aseptate
(unlike Hormiactis). Moreover, conidiophores and conidia of
H. bialowiezensis are consistently hyaline, while abovementioned taxa are at least partially subhyaline or brownish. Young
terminal limoniform conidia of H. bialowiezensis sometimes
detach in chains still connected with thin thread of not fully divided cell wall in a manner similar to Oidiodendron griseum. Although H. bialowiezensis is related to apothecia-forming Helotiales, no associated sexual morph was recorded.
Hyalodendriella betulae and H. bialowiezensis have very similar limoniform conidia with distinctly apiculate ends, that in
both cases are formed in chains. However, in case of H. bialowiezensis conidia are significantly larger (5–7 µm long, in
H. betulae 0.5 –1 µm) (Crous et al. 2007a). Conidiophores of
H. bialowiezensis correspond with macroconidiophores (or type
B conidiophores) of H. betulae in having, albeit rarely, conidiogenous cells with multiple loci (up to three in H. bialowiezensis).
Interestingly in both species undetached conidia seem to elongate from the conidiophores in some cases. While they remain
attached to microconidiophores of H. betulae, they infrequently
break up as ramoconidia in H. bialowiezensis.
Hyalodendriella is placed either in Pezizellaceae, Helotiales
(Johnston et al. 2019) or in Hamatocanthoscyphaceae, which
in the classification of Ekanayaka et al. (2019) does not belong
to Helotiales s.str.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database the most similar, identified fungal sequences belong
to Hyalodendriella betulae strain CBS 261.82 (LSU sequence,
96 % identity), Chalara constricta and Chalara hughesii (SSU
sequences, 95 % identity). ITS sequences of H. bialowiezensis are distantly similar to other Helotiales (90 % identity to
Xenopolyscytalum and various unidentified Hyaloscyphaceae
sequences for ITS).
The maximum likelihood tree was constructed with RAxMLNG (Kozlov et al. 2019) on a partitioned alignment including
SSU, 5.8S and LSU rDNA, mtSSU and protein coding tef1-α,
rpb1, rpb2, β-tub and mcm7 sequences, being an excerpt of
the combined datasets of Han et al. (2014) and Johnston et
al. (2019). The dataset contained 35 taxa and a total of 7 873
characters of which 1 919 were variable. Bootstrap support
values at branches were obtained by generating 1 000 bootstrap
replicates. The tree is rooted with Leotia lubrica belonging to
Leotiales.
Supplementary material
FP1252-1 Additional materials examined.
FP1252-2 The best scoring maximum likelihood tree calculated from 9
molecular markers shows H. bialowiezensis and closest related Helotiales.
Only bootstrap support values ≥ 70 % are shown.
Michał Gorczak, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101,
02-089 Warsaw, Poland; Botanic Garden, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw; e-mail: gorczak@biol.uw.edu.pl
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
468
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Hydropus lecythiocystis
469
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1253 – 13 July 2021
Hydropus lecythiocystis E.F. Malysheva & Malysheva, sp. nov.
Etymology. The name refers to the shape (lecythiform) of cheilocystidia.
Classification — Porotheleaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiocarps small to medium-sized, collybioid or omphalioid.
Pileus 12 – 30 mm diam, applanate or subinfundibuliform,
with flattened or without umbo, with undulating and scarcely
striate margin; hygrophanous; surface pruinose to subvelutinous, saruk grey (07 05 10), huckleberry brown (070 40 20)
or arable brown (070 40 30), with beech brown (070 30 20)
or mineral brown (070 30 10) centre, with a touch of olive (all
colour names of macroscopic features are given following
the RAL DESIGN colour range system). Lamellae crowded,
decurrent, with lamellulae, slightly ventricose, pastel sand
(080 80 10) or micaceous light grey (080 80 05), edge even or
somewhat serrulate, concolorous. Stipe 20 –35 × 2 –2.5 mm,
cylindrical, ash gold (070 50 20) at upper part and beech brown
(070 30 20) at base, slightly pruinose. Context thin, whitish.
Smell and taste not distinctive. Basidiospores (6.0 –)6.7–
8.0(–10.2) × 3.7– 5.0 μm, Q = 1.60 – 2.00, Qav = 1.70, n = 50,
subcylindrical or dacryoid, often slightly allantoid, hyaline in
KOH, thin-walled; amyloid. Basidia predominantly 2-spored,
sporadically 1-spored, 20 – 32 × 4.5 – 6 μm, narrowly clavate.
Cheilocystidia abundant, 34 – 59 × 9 –18(– 27) μm, utriform,
broadly lageniform with subcapitate apex, some proportion
almost lecythiform with broad capitula, intermixed with broadly
clavate, urniform or subcylindrical ones, hyaline, thin-walled.
Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis a clavicutis, with dense
layer of broadly clavate, cylindrical, subglobose, pyriform or
Colour illustrations. Russia, Yenisei river basin in Sayano-Shushenskiy
Reserve. From top to bottom: pileipellis elements, basidiospores, cheilocystidia, caulocystidia; and mature basidiocarps (all from holotype). Scale bar
= 1 cm (basidiocarps), 10 μm (microstructures).
broadly utriform pileocystidia, 41.5 –72 × 15 – 28.5 μm, weakly
to strongly pigmented with intracellular greyish brown pigment,
slightly thick-walled. Stipitipellis a cutis, containing fascicles of
caulocystidia, (45–)53–77(–106) × 11–26 μm, broadly clavate,
utriform, subcylindrical or lageniform, hyaline, slightly thickwalled. Clamp connections present.
Habitat & Distribution — Growing in small groups or solitary
on rotted wood of Betula pendula. So far known only from type
locality.
Typus. Russia, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Sayano-Shushenskiy State Biospheric Nature Reserve, the mouth of the Sarly River, N52°09'55.5"
E92°18'43.9", floodplain birch forest, on rotted wood of Betula pendula, 16
Aug. 2020, V. Malysheva (holotype LE 313638, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MW725580 and MW760390, MycoBank MB 839059).
Notes — Hydropus lecythiocystis is characterised by its
pruinose and dark greyish brown pileus with slight touch of olive,
cheilocystidia of variable shape with presence of lecythiform
elements, 2-spored basidia, predominantly subcylindrical, allantoid or dacryoid, amyloid basidiospores, and lignicolous habitat.
Based on morphological characters it resembles H. marginellus
(Bas 1999, Læssøe 2008), but differs from the latter by having
concolorous lamellae edge, exclusively 1–2-spored basidia,
shorter cheilocystidia with present of distinctive lageniform ones
with subcapitate apex, and growing on wood of deciduous trees.
Phylogenetically, H. lecythiocystis and H. marginellus turned out
to be closely related species. In the phylogenetic tree, H. lecythiocystis formed a branch close to European collections of
H. marginellus but not to North American ones. However, the
dissimilarity of their nrITS sequences reaches more than 2 %,
and together with strong micromorphological differences, it is
enough to consider them as different species.
Phylogenetic nrITS topology from Bayesian analysis was performed with
MrBayes v. 3.2.5 software (Ronquist et al. 2012) with 6 M generations under
GTR+G model, showing relationships of Hydropus species, with Gerronema
subclavatum as outgroup. Maximum likelihood analysis was performed on
RAxML server v. 1.0.0 (https://raxml-ng.vital-it.ch/#/) with 100 rapid bootstrap
replicates. Support values (PP/BS) are given above the branches. All tips
are labelled with taxon name and GenBank accession number. The newly
generated sequence is in bold.
Ekaterina F. Malysheva & Vera F. Malysheva, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str.,
Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: e_malysheva@binran.ru & v_malysheva@binran.ru
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
470
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Hygrocybe fulgens
471
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1254 – 13 July 2021
Hygrocybe fulgens Fuljer, Kautmanová & Boertm., sp. nov.
Etymology. The name reflects the shiny colour of the basidiomata.
Classification — Hygrophoraceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Pileus 14–65 mm diam, at first hemispherical, broadly convex,
later more or less applanate with depressed centre, brittle; surface finely squamulose, squamules concolorous or paler, sometimes smooth, dry, orange, yellowish orange or reddish (Pantone 1505C, Pantone 2018C, Pantone 716C) (Pantone Color
Finder 2021; https://www.pantone.com/color-finder/2021-C),
often with a slightly scarlet red centre (Pantone 2028C). Stipe
25 – 60 × 2.5 –18 mm, terete or compressed, often attenuated
downwards, brittle, hollow; surface smooth, sometimes finely
fibrillose, dry, matt or silky sheen, golden yellow, yellow, yellowish orange, orange (Pantone 7406C to Pantone 7414C),
sometimes paler at the top (Pantone 130C). Lamellae broadly
adnate, ventricose, brittle, distant; surface smooth, paler than
pileus and stipe, almost whitish at first, becoming yellowish
or pale orange (Pantone 127C to Pantone 130C), sometimes
with salmon hue; edges often paler. Context yellowish white
(Pantone 127C to Pantone 130C), sometimes more orange or
orange red in pileus and base of stem (Pantone Orange 021C),
unchanging when cut. Smell and taste insignificant. Spore print
white. Basidiospores smooth, non-amyloid, sometimes with one
big vacuole, ellipsoid to oblong, (6.6 –)7.1– 9.9(–10.2) × (4.5 –)
4.8 – 6.3(– 6.9) µm, Q = 1.3 –1.9 (Lm = 8; Wm = 5.55; Qm =
1.54), 130 spores from three basidiomata measured from the
holotype (BRACR 32958). Basidia 38–55 × 5–8 µm (excluding
sterigmata), clavate, predominately 4-spored, relatively long
with long attenuated base, sterigmata elongate, 4 –7 µm long.
Cystidia absent. Pileipellis as a trichoderm, with more or less
clavate (inflated) terminal elements, hyphae sometimes septate
and connected with a clamp, predominately short, (29 –)32 –
103(–145) × (5.2 –)6.3 –13.1(–15) µm. Stipitipellis as a cutis,
hyphae sometimes septate and clamped, predominately short,
(28–)32–110(–111) × (3.8–)4.2–8.7(–9.1) µm. Gill trama subregular, with cells (42–)46–120(–145) × (8.5–)9.7–18(–19) µm.
Distribution & Habitat — Known from Slovakia, probably
more widespread but overlooked and misidentified. Growing
gregarious, solitary or scattered in mowed grasslands, mowed
parks, on neutral to slightly calcareous soils. From July to September (– October).
Additional materials examined. SloVakia, Javorníky Mts, Sádky, Petrovice,
N49°15'21.73" E18°32'7.77", alt. 359 m, mowed meadow (south-facing), in
association of Leontodon hispidus, Trifolium pratense, Agrostis capilaris,
Fragaria vesca, Daucus carota, Agrimonia eupatoria, Symphytum officinale,
Plantago major, Trisetum flavescens, Trifolium repens, etc., on bare soil,
8 Sept. 2020, F. Fuljer, BRACR 32959; Beskydske predhorie Basin, Snina
town, city park near the Vihorlat hotel, N48°59'21.4" E22°09'39.1", alt. 220 m,
in moss and grass,10 Sept. 2020, J. Pavlík, BRACR 33659, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MW471671 and MW471669, BOLD ITS sequence
FULGE002-20.
Notes — Hygrocybe fulgens is characterised by a dry, squamulose applanate pileus, dry, smooth and broad stipe, pileipellis
a trichoderm, ellipsoid to oblong spores, and by a size and
colour of whole sporocarps, which are usually orange yellow,
often with golden yellow stipe and darker (almost scarlet red)
central part of pileus. Due to these features, this species fits
well with the concept of the subgenus Pseudohygrocybe section Coccineae and subsection Squamulosae (Lodge et al.
2014). Based on macromorphological features, the most similar
species to Hygrocybe fulgens are H. calciphila, H. miniata,
H. reidii and H. substrangulata. Hygrocybe calciphila, differs
by typical subglobose to broadly ellipsoid spores and smaller
basidiomata. Macroscopically, H. fulgens and H. calciphila are
very similar, but sporocarps of H. fulgens are mostly much larger
and robust. Hygrocybe miniata is characterised by triangular
or pear-shaped spores, pileus without darker central part and
also by a thinner stipe (usually to 5 mm broad). Hygrocybe
reidii is another macroscopically similar species to H. fulgens,
differing by a honey-like smell and smooth, orange-red coloured
pileus. Hygrocybe substrangulata differs from other mentioned
Hygrocybe species by much larger spores (up to 14.5 µm) and
sometimes decurrent lamellae (Boertmann 2010). All above
mentioned species grow in central Europe in the unimproved,
sometimes grazed or mowed grasslands with Nardus stricta
or Agrostis spp., but H. fulgens was found in a different type of
grassland, where Leontodon hispidus was a dominant plant.
In the maximum likelihood tree based on the ITS sequences
H. fulgens is positioned on a separate branch close to the clade
of subsection Squamulosae, which is consistent with the results
of macro- and micro-character observations.
Typus. S loVakia , Javorníky Mts, Sádky, Petrovice, N49°15'21.73"
E18°32'7.77", alt. 359 m, mowed grassland (south-facing, fertilised in the
past), in association with Leontodon hispidus, Trifolium pratense, Agrostis
capilaris, Fragaria vesca, Daucus carota, Agrimonia eupatoria, Symphytum
officinale, Plantago major, Trisetum flavescens, Trifolium repens, etc., on
bare soil, 30 Aug. 2019, F. Fuljer & I. Fuljer (holotype BRACR 32958, ITS and
LSU sequences GenBank MW471672 and MW471670, BOLD ITS sequence
FULGE001-20, MycoBank MB 839238).
Supplementary material
Colour illustrations. Mowed grassland in Petrovice village (Javorníky Mts,
Slovakia), where the typus (holotype) was collected. Type specimens in situ,
cross section of the sporocarp (Photo credit F. Fuljer); basidiospores. Scale
bars = 10 mm (fruitbodies), 10 µm (spores).
FP1254 Subtree of the maximum likelihood tree obtained from the analysis
of ITS sequences of Hygrocybe subgenera Hygrocybe and Pseudohygrocybe. The alignment was performed with ClustalW and the Tamura-Nei model
was used for the phylogenetic analysis (Tamura & Nei 1993). Bootstrap
support values are indicated at the nodes. The original analysis involved 66
nucleotide sequences, 21 of them are implemented in the subtree. There
were a total of 700 positions in the final dataset. Evolutionary analyses were
conducted in MEGA X (Kumar et al. 2018a).
Filip Fuljer, Petrovice 608, 01353 Petrovice, Slovakia; e-mail: filipfuljer@gmail.com
Ivona Kautmanová & Dana Szabóová, Slovak National Museum-Natural History Museum, Vajanského nab. 2, P.O. Box 13,
81006 Bratislava, Slovakia; e-mail: ivona.kautmanova@snm.sk & dana.szaboova@snm.sk
David Boertmann, Department of Arctic Environment, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; e-mail: dmb@bios.au.dk
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
472
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Ilyonectria zarorii
473
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1255 – 13 July 2021
Ilyonectria zarorii Sand.-Den. & Giraldo López, sp. nov.
Etymology. In honour of Prof. Luis Zaror, prominent Chilean mycologist
and writer; active promoter of medical technology and mycology in South
America, and long-time inhabitant of Teja island, where this species was first
collected.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiophores of two types: a) solitary, erect or prostrate, arising
laterally from aerial and substrate mycelium, commonly formed
on dense and twisted hyphal ropes, septate, 33.5 – 482 μm
long, unbranched or sparsely, irregularly branched, bearing
terminal and solitary conidiogenous cells; or b) densely packed
in sporodochia, formed on the substrate surface, simple, rarely
branched, bearing terminal single conidiogenous cells or whorls
of up to three conidiogenous cells; conidiogenous cells monophialidic, subcylindrical to cylindrical, gently tapering towards
apex, with inconspicuous periclinal thickening and short,
flared apical collarettes, those formed on aerial conidiophores
24 – 58.5 μm long, 2.5 – 4 μm at the widest point; phialides
on sporodochial conidiophores 20 – 27 μm long, 2.5 – 3.5 μm
at the widest point. Microconidia rarely observed, formed on
aerial conidiophores, 0(–1)-septate, subglobose, ellipsoid to
long clavate, (8 –)10 –15(–16) × (3 –)4 – 5.5 μm (av. = 12.2 ×
4.6 μm). Macroconidia produced abundantly on aerial and
sporodochial conidiophores, 1– 2 (– 3)-septate, cylindrical
with both ends more or less obtusely rounded, straight or
slightly curved; 1-septate conidia: (16.5 –)20.5 – 28.5(– 32) ×
(4.5 –)5.5 – 6.5(–7) μm (av. 24.5 × 6 μm); 2-septate conidia:
(26–)29–35(–41.5) × 5–7(–8) μm (av. 32.4 × 6.3 μm); 3-septate
conidia: (28 –)30 – 39(– 40.5) × 6 –7.5 μm (av. 34.6 × 6.8 μm);
overall: (16.5–)23.5–34(–41.5) × (4.5–)5.5–7(–8) μm (av. 28.9 ×
6.2 μm). Chlamydospores rarely produced, doliiform, subglobose to globose, 7–14 μm diam, thick- and smooth-walled,
terminal or intercalary; solitary, in short chains or forming
sparse clusters, hyaline at first, quickly becoming golden yellow to brown.
Culture characteristics — Colony on malt extract agar (MEA)
reaching 48 – 58 mm diam in 7 at 24 °C. Surface initially flat
and velvety, peach, scarlet to red (colour notation from Rayner
1970), later becoming cupulate and cottony with abundant white
to pale peach aerial mycelium, margin filiform. Reverse red,
rust or brown with radial patches of amber to brown diffusible
pigments.
Additional material studied. chile, Los Ríos Region, Valdivia, Teja Island,
proximities of the Universidad Austral de Chile, from soil under Maytenus
boaria, 26 Dec. 2018, A. Giraldo & N. Sandoval, CBS 147180 = CPC 37837,
ITS, LSU, his3, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MW114894, MW114945,
MW119260, MW119262 and MW119264.
Notes — Ilyonectria zarorii is phylogenetically and morphologically related to I. crassa and I. pseudodestructans, all species characterised by similar conidiophores and conidia, with
marked predominance of macroconidia in both types of conidiophores (Cabral et al. 2012). Ilyonectria crassa, however, produces flask-shaped sporodochial phialides and its macroconidia
are smaller, cylindrical, straight and present a prominent basal
hilum. Ilyonectria pseudodestructans differs from I. zarorii by
forming more clavate macroconidia and slender microconidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the his3 sequence had highest
similarity to I. pseudodestructans (strain CBS 117824, GenBank JF735562.1; Identities = 443/447 (99 %), no gaps) and
I. crassa (strain CBS 139.30, GenBank JF735534.1; Identities =
442/447 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the ITS sequence
are I. panacis (strain CBS 129079, GenBank MH865176.1;
Identities = 420/420 (100 %), no gaps) and I. crassa (strain
ICMP 14372, GenBank MH497565.1; Identities = 420/420
(100 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the LSU sequence had
highest similarity to I. coprosmae (strain CBS 126772, GenBank
MH875672.1; Identities = 813/829 (98 %), three gaps (0 %)),
I. panacis (strain CBS 129079, GenBank MH876614.1; Identities = 811/829 (98 %), three gaps (0 %)) and I. cyclaminicola (strain CBS 302.93, GenBank NG_069249.1; Identities
= 810/829 (98 %), three gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the
tef1 sequence had highest similarity to I. pseudodestructans
(strain CPC 13534, GenBank JF735749.1; Identities = 473/474
(99 %), one gap (0 %)), I. pseudodestructans (strain CBS
117812, GenBank JF735750.1; Identities = 473/477 (99 %),
four gaps (0 %)) and Ilyonectria sp. (strain CBS 120370, GenBank JF735728.1; Identities = 471/475 (99 %), two gaps (0 %)).
Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to
I. panacis (strain CDC-N-9a, GenBank JF735424.1; Identities =
492/498 (99 %), no gaps), I. pseudodestructans (CBS 117812,
GenBank JF735418.1; Identities = 490/498 (98 %), no gaps)
and I. crassa (strain CBS 158. 31, GenBank JF735394.1;
Identities = 489/498 (98 %), no gaps).
Typus. chile, Los Ríos Region, Valdivia, Teja Island, proximities of the
Universidad Austral de Chile, from soil under Maytenus boaria, 26 Dec.
2018, A. Giraldo & N. Sandoval-Giraldo (holotype CBS H-24561, culture
ex-type CBS 147179 = CPC 37835, ITS, LSU, his3, tef1 and tub2 sequences
GenBank MW114893, MW114944, MW119259, MW119261 and MW119263,
MycoBank MB 837768).
Colour illustrations. Chile, young Maytenus boaria (‘maitén’; photo by
M. Sandoval-Sáez). Aerial and sporodochial (inset) conidiophores; chlamydospores and conidia of various sizes and septation. Scale bars = 20 µm
(black), 10 µm (white).
Marcelo Sandoval-Denis, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.sandoval@wi.knaw.nl
Alejandra Giraldo, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
e-mail: Alejandra.GiraldoLopez@radboudumc.nl
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
474
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Inocybe norvegica
475
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1256 – 13 July 2021
Inocybe norvegica Vauras & E. Larss., sp. nov.
Etymology. Refers to Norway where the first collection was found.
Classification — Inocybaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Pileus 8–17 mm diam, hemispherical, later plano-convex, sometimes indistinctly umbonate, whitish, pale brown to brown
around centre, towards margin greyish brown to brown, subtomentose-smooth around centre, towards margin coarsely
fibrillose, subsquamulose to recurvately squamulose, margin
not rimulose, often with indistinct velipellis. Lamellae moderately
crowded, to 4 mm broad, broadly adnate, some emarginate
with decurrent tooth, at first pale greyish brown, then greybrown, ochraceous to ochraceous brown; edge fimbriate, pale
to brownish. Stipe 20 – 38 × 1– 3 mm, equal to slightly bulbous
but without bulb, grey-brown, brown, black-brown especially in
middle part, not pruinose, longitudinally woolly-fibrillose, often
coarsely so, part of fibrils silvery pale. Cortina greyish, rather
abundant in young basidiomes. Context pale brown, often with
reddish tint, shiny in stipe, cortex rather dark reddish brown.
Smell faint, indistinct to slightly acidulous. Basidiospores (9.9–)
10.5 –11.7–12.9(–13.5) × (6.0 –)6.3 – 6.8 –7.4(–7.7) µm, Q =
(1.5 –)1.55 –1.71–1.9(– 2.0) (n = 140), smooth, subamygdaliform, subellipsoid to subphaseoliform, some minimally angular, with obtuse apex, often with indistinct germ-pore, rather
dark, yellow-brown, rather thick-walled. Basidia (24 –)28 – 30–
35(– 40) × (9 –)10 –11–13(–14) µm (n = 80), subclavate to
clavate, 4-spored. Pleurocystidia (48–)54–61–74(–78) × (12–)
13 –17– 20(– 22) µm (n = 80), fusiform to subclavate, sometimes indistinctly capitate, with up to 2 µm thick, colourless
to slightly yellow wall, crystalliferous at apex. Cheilocystidia
(33 –)35 – 49 – 67(–70) × (10 –)11–16 – 24(– 28) µm (n = 62),
more variable than pleurocystidia, often brown. Paracystidia
(16 –)19 – 23 – 27(– 30) × (9 –)10 –13 –17(–18) µm (n = 21),
rather scarce, often pyriform, colourless to brown. Caulocystidia at stipe apex only, (29–)33–46–58 × 10–15–22(–25) µm
(n = 43), cauloparacystidia few. Clamp connections present.
Ecology & Distribution — Associated with Salix spp. and
Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii in open areas on somewhat calcareous sandy soils. Basidiomata so far only known
from the subalpine zone of Norway and alpine zone of Sweden, where it grew amongst Salix herbacea. In addition, ITS
sequence data generated from soil samples in a locality in the
alpine zone shows that it also occurs in Austria.
Additional materials examined. Norway, troms, Storfjord, NW of Helligskogen along E8, subalpine area on gravelly ground with Betula pubescens
subsp. czerepanovii and Salix spp., 310 m a.s.l., 20 Aug. 2017, E. Larsson
EL172-17 and J. Vauras, GB-0207603, TUR-A 208752, ITS-LSU sequence
GenBank MW617339; ibid., 21 Aug. 2017, E. Larsson & J. Vauras, EL193-17,
GB-0207602. – SwedeN, Lule lappmark, Jokkmokk, Padjelanta NP, Sorjosjaure, alpine area on calcareous ground, among Salix herbacea, 830 m
a.s.l., 17 Aug. 2016, J. Vauras, TUR-A 204346, ITS-LSU sequence GenBank
MW617341.
Notes — Inocybe norvegica belongs in the I. lacera group. It
is a rather small species characterised by hemispherical pileus
which is subsquamulose to recurvately squamulose and often
with indistinct velipellis. Microscopically it shows rather dark
and ellipsoid spores, often with indistinct germ-pore. Inocybe
helobia (Kuyper 1986, Bandini et al. 2020) grows like I. norvegica with Salix and has similarly dark spores, but they are
more amygdaliform and angular, and with larger average Q
(1.9 – 2.3 vs 1.7 in I. norvegica). Further, it has pleurocystidia
with often acute apex and thicker and mostly more yellow walls,
and grows mainly in moist habitats. Inocybe impexa (Kuyper
1986) is another species with rather darker spores. It is stouter
and has larger spores, with larger average Q (2.0–2.3). It grows
on sandy seashores, but also in inland sand-pits, and even
in alpine localities with Salix herbacea. Other smooth-spored
taxa of the Inocybe lacera group (I. lacera, I. lacera var. heterosperma and I. pluppiana) have paler spores.
Typus. Norway, Hedmark, Folldal, Liamælan near Gravbekkli bru, in
subalpine moor-like area on gravelly soil with Betula pubescens subsp.
czerepanovii, B. nana and Salix spp., amongst mosses and lichens, 820 m
a.s.l., 21 Aug. 2012, J. Vauras 29084F, S. Jacobsson & E. Larsson EL109-12
(holotype TUR-A 198408, ITS-LSU sequence GenBank MW617340; isotypes
GB-0207604, AH, O, MycoBank MB 838947).
Colour illustrations. Inocybe norvegica habitat in the subalpine zone
with Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii and Salix spp. shrubs, Folldal,
Hedmark, Norway. In situ basidiomata and cross-sections of the holotype
(TUR-A 198408); cheilocystidia and basidiospores of isotype (GB-0207604).
Scale bars = 20 µm (cheilocystidia), 10 µm (spores).
Inocybe norvegica. Drawing of micro-morphological characters from the holotype (TUR-A 198408). a. Pleurocystidia; b. cheilocystidia; c. caulocystidia;
d. basidium; e. spores. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Ellen Larsson, Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, and Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre,
Box 461, SE40530 Göteborg, Sweden; e-mail: ellen.larsson@bioenv.gu.se
Jukka Vauras, Biological Collections of Åbo Akademi University, Herbarium, FI-20014 University of Turku, Finland; e-mail: jukvau@utu.fi
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
476
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Lactifluus kanadii
477
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1257 – 13 July 2021
Lactifluus kanadii I. Bera, A. Ghosh, Nuytinck & Verbeken, sp. nov.
Etymology. In honour of Dr Kanad Das for his invaluable contribution to
the systematics of Russulaceae in the Indian Himalayan Region.
Classification — Russulaceae, Russulales, Agaricomycetes.
Pileus 30 – 85 mm diam, hemispheric to convex when young,
gradually becoming planoconvex with a broad shallow depressed centre; surface moist, smooth, velvety, faintly rugulose
towards the margin, yellowish white (1A2) and paler, with some
irregular darker spots, but turning orange white to pale orange
(5A2–4) to ochraceous and darker on bruising and even brownish on maturity; cracked at several places towards the margin
in mature basidiomata; margin entire, incurved when young,
remaining incurved through maturity. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, close to rather crowded (20 L+l /cm at pileus margin), dichotomously forked; lamellulae present in 3 – 4 series;
yellowish white (2 – 3A2); edge entire, smooth, concolorous.
Stipe 25 – 95 × 15 – 30 mm, central, cylindrical but sometimes
twisted near the base; surface velvety, strongly rugulose locally;
concolorous to the pileus, when bruised turning pale orange to
light orange (5A3–4) to ochraceous and darker. Context thick in
pileus and stipe, yellowish white (1– 2A2), almost immediately
turning pale orange on bruising, greyish green (1D4) in guaiac,
orange (5A6 –7) in FeSO4 and immediately yellowish in KOH.
Latex yellowish white, copious, unchanging on cut lamellae.
Taste very acrid. Odour fruity. Spore print not recorded.
Basidiospores 5.8– 6.7– 8.2(– 9.1) × 4.7–5.6 – 6.7 μm, n = 30,
Q = 1.04–1.19–1.32(–1.44), usually globose to ellipsoid; ornamentation amyloid, up to 0.6 μm high, composed of isolated
irregular warts which are sometimes aligned or connected by
lower lines but never forms any reticulation; suprahilar spot inamyloid. Basidia 39–56.8 × 9.0–11.8 µm, clavate to subclavate,
4-spored; sterigmata 2 – 3 × 1.4 – 2 µm. Pleuromacrocystidia
abundant, 47–69 × 5.4–9 µm, emergent up to 32 µm, cylindrical
to subcylindrical with rounded, subfusoid to subcapitate apices,
thin-walled; content dense, granular to crystalline. Pleuropseudocystidia abundant, 2.5 – 3 µm wide, emergent up to 12 µm,
cylindrical, with rounded apex. Lamellae edge fertile with basidia, basidioles and cystidia. Cheilomacrocystidia abundant,
45–61 × 4.6–6.6 µm, emergent up to 40 µm, subcylindrical with
rounded, subfusoid to subcapitate apices, thin-walled; content
dense, granular to crystalline. Subhymenium up to 20 µm thick,
cellular. Hymenophoral trama composed of lactifers and few
nests of sphaerocytes connected with hyphae. Pileipellis a
trichoepithelium, up to 136 µm thick; suprapellis composed
of ascending elements, 15.4 – 22.1 × 2.7– 3.8 μm, cylindrical
to subfusiform, septate; subpellis multicellular composed of
isodiametric cells of 8.6 –12.8 × 4.0 –11.1 μm; pileocystidia
present, 22 – 26.5 × 5 –10 μm, cylindrical to subcylindrical,
content dense, crystalline. Stipitipellis a trichoepithelium, up
to 52.2 μm thick; suprapellis composed of septate ascending
elements arising from distinct multicellular subpellis of mostly
Colour illustrations. India, Arunachal Pradesh, Bebar Thanka, West Kameng, temperate broadleaf forest. Lactifluus kanadii (IB 19-020, holotype);
macrochemical test with FeSO4, Guaiac and KOH on stipe context; latex on
the cut lamellae; transverse section through pileipellis; pleuromacrocystidia;
cheilomacrocystidia; SEM of basidiospore. Scale bars = 10 μm (all others),
2 μm (basidiospore).
isodiametric cells; caulocystidia present, 16–26 × 5.5–6.6 μm,
mostly cylindrical, content dense, crystalline. Clamp connections absent in all tissues.
Sporocarp characteristics — Lactifluus kanadii differs from
the other members of L. sect. Piperati due to the clear change
of basidiomata colour from yellowish white when young to pale
orange to ochraceous and darker to even brownish on maturity
and when bruising, the trichoepithelium nature of pileipellis and
stipitipeliis and in sequence data of the nrITS, LSU and rpb2
markers.
Typus. iNdia, Arunachal Pradesh, Bebar Thanka, Dirang, West Kameng,
under Castanopsis sp. (Fagaceae) in temperate broadleaf forest, 4 Aug.
2019, I. Bera, IB 19-020 (holotype CAL 1826, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences
GenBank MW295837, MW295839 and MW354672, MycoBank MB 838371).
Additional material examined. iNdia, Arunachal Pradesh, Namchu, Dirang,
West Kameng, under Castanopsis sp. (Fagaceae) in temperate broadleaf
forest, 6 Aug. 2019, I. Bera, IB 19-025, CAL 1827, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences GenBank MW295838, MW295840 and MW354673.
Notes — The combination of macro- and micromorphological characters like the smooth, yellowish white, firm sporocarp,
crowded lamellae, yellowish white, copious, latex, acrid tasting
context and two-layered pileipellis with the hyphal suprapellis
and the cellular subpellis with pileocystidia undoubtedly place
L. kanadii in L. subg. Lactifluus sect. Piperati (Hesler & Smith
1979, Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998, De Crop et al. 2014). In
the field, it can be misidentified as L. piperatus (as the name
has been misapplied several times to many lookalike specimens worldwide), but L. kanadii easily distinguishes itself due
to its much smaller pileus (30 – 85 mm diam), striking colour
change of the basidiomata from the yellowish white in young
sporocarps to light orange to ochraceous and darker and even
brownish on maturity, its context that immediately turns yellowish in KOH, much thicker pileipellis (up to 137 µm thick)
and the trichoepithelial nature of both the pilei- and stipitipellis.
Morphologically, L. glaucescens can also be confused with
L. kanadii. But L. glaucescens can be distinguished on account
of its latex turning greenish on drying, subglobose to ellipsoid
basidiospores (Q = 1.05 –1.26–1.33 –1.45) with much shorter
ornamentation (up to 0.2 µm high), longer pleuromacrocystidia
(60–90 × 7–10 µm) and cheilomacrocystidia (55–70 × 7–9 µm)
(Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998).
The Indian species Lactifluus dwaliensis (originally described
as Lactarius dwaliensis) can easily be distinguished from
L. kanadii due to its much more robust and larger sporocarps
(pileus 84 –130 mm diam, stipe 50 –145 × 17– 30 mm), rather
distant lamellae and latex turning greenish yellow on exposure
(Das et al. 2003, Verbeken et al. 2012).
(text continues on Supplementary material page FP1257)
Supplementary material
FP1257 Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogram inferred from raxmlGUI
v. 2.0 (Edler et al. 2021) based on concatenated three-locus (nuc rDNA
ITS, nrLSU and rpb2) sequences of Lactifluus. Bootstrap support values
(> 70 %) obtained from the Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis are shown
above or below the branches at nodes. Sequences derived from the novel
Indian species Lactifluus kanadii (vouchers IB 19-020 and IB 19-025) are
presented in blue and bold font.
Ishika Bera, Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, P.O. - Botanic Garden, Howrah - 711103, India; e-mail: iamishika6@gmail.com
Aniket Ghosh, Department of Botany & Microbiology, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal - 246174, Uttarakhand, India;
e-mail: ghosh.aniket87@gmail.com
Jorinde Nuytinck, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; e-mail: jorinde.nuytinck@naturalis.nl
Annemieke Verbeken, Department of Biology, Research group Mycology, Ghent University,
K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; e-mail: Mieke.Verbeken@ugent.be
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
478
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Meruliopsis faginea
479
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1258 – 13 July 2021
Meruliopsis faginea Volobuev & Ismailov, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Fagus on which wood this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Irpicaceae, Polyporales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata annual, resupinate, poroid, separable to slightly
adnate, effuse, brittle when dry, up to 1 mm thick and 3 cm wide.
Margin white, well-distinguished, up to 2 mm wide, thinning out,
cottony to fimbriate. Pore surface pale greyish brown with light
pinkish brown tints and yellowish beige close to the edge. Pores
3–4 per mm, round to angular and slightly elongate, with entire
dissepiments. Subiculum thin, white to cream, soft and cottony,
up to 0.5 mm thick. Tube layer concolorous with pore surface.
Hyphal system monomitic; generative hyphae simple-septate.
Subicular and tramal hyphae 3 – 4.5 μm diam, hyaline, slightly
to distinctly thick-walled, encrusted with numerous sandy-like
crystals, occasionally ampullate, strongly ramified, loosely interwoven, often branched at right angles. Subhymenial hyphae
up to 2.5 – 3 μm diam, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, compactly
interwoven. Cystidia 25–35 × 3.5–4.5 μm, rather common, thinwalled, not encrusted, partly projecting above the hymenium
up to 15 μm long, almost cylindrical to fusoid. Basidia 16 – 20 ×
4.5–5 μm, clavate, with a simple septum at the base, 4-sterigmate.
Basidiospores (3.9–)4.0–4.9(–5.3) × (1.9–)2.0–2.3(–2.4) μm,
n = 30, L = 4.37, W = 2.15, Q = 1.83–2.29, smooth, hyaline, thinwalled, suballantoid to ellipsoid, inamyloid, non-dextrinoid, mostly
with one oil drop.
Habitat & Distribution — On dead fallen Fagus orientalis
branches, in a beech forest of piedmont Dagestan (NorthEastern Caucasus, Russia). Hitherto only known from the type
locality.
to the genus Meruliopsis, distinguished as a well-supported
clade in a recent three-gene phylogenetic study (Chen et al.
2020). Our Maximum Likelihood analysis of ITS sequences
showed that M. faginea forms a neighbouring branch to
M. leptocystidiata, and according to a BLAST search of NCBIs
GenBank nucleotide databases the similarity of these sequences is insufficient to consider M. faginea and M. leptocystidiata
conspecific. The comparison results of the newly generated
nrITS sequence of M. faginea with M. leptocystidiata sequences
are as follows: GenBank LC427013; Identities = 517/552 (94 %),
17 gaps (3 %); LC427012; Identities = 511/546 (94 %), 17 gaps
(3 %); LC427012; Identities = 551/603 (91 %), 27 gaps (4 %).
Moreover, M. faginea has larger basidiospores (mostly 4–4.9 ×
2–2.3 μm vs 3–4 × 1.5–2 μm in M. leptocystidiata), wider pores
and a more intensive colour of the pore surface. Morphologically, M. faginea is close to M. violacea in shape and size of
spores, as well as hyphal structure, but the latter species differs
by having violet or purple violet tints of the pore surface and
lacking cystidia.
Typus. ruSSia, Republic of Dagestan, Tabasaransky District, 1 850 m southwestward from the Yersi settlement, 690 m a.s.l., N42°00'02" E48°00'15";
on fallen dead branches of Fagus orientalis (Fagaceae) in beech forest
without any herbal undergrowth, 12 Sept. 2020, S. Volobuev & A. Ismailov
(holotype LE F-334408, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MW673659 and
MW673660, MycoBank MB 839242).
Notes — Meruliopsis faginea, having resupinate basidiocarps with a greyish to pinkish brown poroid hymenophore,
monomitic hyphal system and simple-septate hyphae, belongs
Colour illustrations. Beech forest in the vicinity of the Yersi settlement (Dagestan, Russia). Basidiocarp; cystidia and spores (all from holotype). Scale
bars = 1 cm (basidiocarp), 10 μm (cystidia), 5 μm (spores).
Phylogenetic tree derived from a Maximum Likelihood analysis based on
nrITS1-5.8S-ITS2 data. The analysis was performed in the IQ-TREE Web
Server (Trifinopoulos et al. 2016) with 1 000 ultrafast bootstrap replicates.
Maximum Likelihood bootstrap support values > 80 % are shown above
branches. The new species is shown in bold face. The scale bar represents
the expected number of nucleotide changes per site.
Sergey V. Volobuev, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str.,
Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: sergvolobuev@mail.ru
Aziz B. Ismailov, Mountain Botanical Garden, Dagestan Federal Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 45, M. Gadjieva street,
367000 Makhachkala, Russia; e-mail: i.aziz@mail.ru
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
480
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Metschnikowia taurica
481
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1259 – 13 July 2021
Metschnikowia taurica Kachalkin, A.M. Glushakova & M.A. Tomashevskaya, sp. nov.
Etymology. From the Latin Tauria (Crimea), referring to the region where
this species was found.
Classification — Metschnikowiaceae, Saccharomycetales,
Saccharomycetes.
On glucose peptone yeast extract agar (GPYA) and 5 % malt
extract agar (MEA), after 7 d at 23 °C, streak is white to cream,
flat with a smooth surface, glistening, butyrous in texture with
a slightly irregular margin. Cells are subglobose and ovoid
(1.5 – 3.5 × 2 – 4 μm), and occur singly or in pairs, dividing by
multilateral budding with one or two buds per cell. Ascospores,
pseudohyphae and true hyphae not observed during 6 wk
at 23 °C in culture (pure cultures and in mating test) grown
on GPYA, MEA, potato dextrose agar (PDA), cornmeal agar
(CMA), McClary acetate agar and V8 juice agar. Fermentation
of glucose is positive, but negative for D-galactose, sucrose,
maltose, lactose and raffinose. Glucose, sucrose, trehalose
(weak), maltose, melezitose, methyl alpha-D-glucoside (weak),
cellobiose, salicin, L-sorbose, ethanol, D-mannitol, D-glucitol,
succinic acid (weak), 2-keto-D-gluconate and arbutin are assimilated; no growth occurs on inulin, raffinose, melibiose,
galactose, lactose, soluble starch, L-rhamnose, D-xylose,
L-arabinose, D-arabinose, D-ribose, methanol, glycerol, erythritol, ribitol, galactitol, myo-inositol, DL-lactic acid, citric acid,
D-glucosamine, 5-keto-D-gluconate and D-glucuronate. Assimilation of nitrogen compounds: positive for ammonium sulfate,
cadaverine and L-lysine, and negative for potassium nitrate and
D-glucosamine. Growth on vitamin-free medium and on 50 %
w/w glucose / yeast extract (0.5 %) agar is positive. Growth
on MEA with 10 % NaCl, and with 0.01 % and 0.1 % cycloheximide is negative. Starch-like compounds are not produced.
Diazonium blue B colour and urease reactions are negative.
Maximum growth temperature is 38 °C.
Typus. ruSSia, Alushta, from fruits of Ziziphus jujube (Rhamnaceae)
bought on local market, Oct. 2020, A.M. Glushakova, B-4 (holotype KBP
Y-6723, preserved in a metabolically inactive state; ex-type culture VKM
Y-3063 = DSM 112138 = CBS 16717, ITS, D1/D2 domains of LSU nrDNA
and tef1 sequences GenBank MW579432, MW580940 and HG992856,
MycoBank MB 838986).
Colour illustrations. Russia, Alushta, the jujube fruits on local market.
Metschnikowia taurica KBP Y-6723: growth of yeast colonies and yeast cells
on GPYA (after 7 d at 23 °C). Scale bar = 5 μm.
Additional material examined. ruSSia, Alushta, from fruits of Z. jujube
bought on local market, Oct. 2020, A.M. Glushakova, KBP YE-1682 = KBP
Y-6724, ITS, D1/D2 domains of LSU nrDNA and tef1 sequences GenBank
MW579433, MW580941 and HG992857.
Notes — During a survey of endophytic yeast biodiversity,
two conspecific and asexual yeast strains belonging to the
genus Metschnikowia were isolated from internal tissues of
jujube fruits. Many new species of Metschnikowia have been
isolated before from plant-insects associations (Lachance
2016). The nrDNA sequences of studied strains have a number of nucleotide substitutions and indels between described
species. Based on a blastn search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hit using the ITS sequence is
Metschnikowia caudata (CBS 13651T, GenBank KM233175;
Identities = 236/287 (82 %), 16 gaps (5 %)); using the LSU sequence these are Candida hainanensis (AS2.3478 T, GenBank
EU284103; Identities = 290/326 (89 %), 12 gaps (3 %)) and
C. touchengensis (CBS 10585T, GenBank EU284103; Identities = 310/355 (87 %), 14 gaps (3 %)); using tef1 it is C. hainanensis (NRRL Y-48715, GenBank MG050955; Identities =
817/850 (96 %), no gaps). Results of the phylogenetic analysis
of the LSU and tef1 combined dataset as proposed by Kurtzman et al. (2018) suggest that studied strains belong to a new
species closest to the M. caudata clade, including both asexual
and sexual yeasts. Metschnikowia taurica sp. nov. differs from
the phylogenetically closest species by 4 –12 physiological
characteristics. Among common distinctions, the new species
is not able to assimilate glycerol and no growth in the presence
of 10 % NaCl.
M. lachancei (AY080995/MG050943)
M. gruessii (U45737/MG050942)
M. vanudenii (AF017404/MG050944)
M. saccharicola (AB697755/MG050945)
C. danieliae (HM156539/MG050952)
100
M. drosophilae (AF279303/MG050949)
100
C. torresii (U45731/MG050950)
84
0.05
M. laotica (JX515978/MG050951)
100 M. taurica KBP Y-6724 (MW580941/HG992857)
75
71
M. taurica KBP Y-6723T (MW580940/HG992856)
84
M. caudata (KJ736788/MG050953)
M. lopburiensis (AB697756/MG050954)
98
100
100
C. hainanensis (EU284103/MG050955)
C. hawaiiana (AF514293/MG050948)
100
M. orientalis (AF313363/MG050947)
M. agaves (U84243/MG050946)
Hyphopichia burtonii (GU597324/GU597339)
Meyerozyma guilliermondii (JQ689047/JQ699074)
85
100
Maximum likelihood (ML) tree of Metschnikowia taurica, the M. caudata clade
and some closely related species obtained from the combined analysis of
LSU and tef1 genes. The alignment included 1 091 bp and was performed
with MAFFT v. 7 (Katoh et al. 2019). The Kimura two-parameter model with
a gamma distribution of invariant sites was used as the best nucleotide
substitution model. The phylogenetic analysis was conducted in MEGA v. 6
(Tamura et al. 2013). The novel species is highlighted with bold font.
Aleksey V. Kachalkin, Lomonosov Moscow State University,119234, Moscow, Leninskie Gory Str. 1/12, Russia, and
All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms RAS,
142290, Pushchino, pr. Nauki 5, Russia; e-mail: kachalkin_a@mail.ru
Anna M. Glushakova, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Leninskie Gory Str. 1/12, Russia, and
Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064, Moscow, Maly Kazenny by-street, 5A, Russia;
e-mail: glushakova.anya@yandex.ru
Maria A. Tomashevskaya, All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of
Microorganisms RAS, 142290, Pushchino, pr. Nauki 5, Russia; e-mail: tomkotik@rambler.ru
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
482
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Microdochium ratticaudae
483
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1260 – 13 July 2021
Microdochium ratticaudae Steinrucken, Vitelli, Holdom, Y.P. Tan & R.G. Shivas, sp. nov.
Etymology. After the common name of the host plant, giant rat’s tail grass,
from which the fungus was collected.
Classification — Microdochiaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium immersed and superficial. Sporodochia slimy, buff,
aggregated, indistinct. Conidiophores undifferentiated. Conidiogenous cells indistinct from hyphae, terminal, solitary. Conidia
fusoid, falcate, 7-11 × 1.5 - 2.5 μm, acute at the apex and narrowed at the base, hyaline, aseptate. Chlamydospores abundant, subglobose or cylindrical, terminal, solitary or in short
chains, 7-12 μm diam, with a conspicuous germ pore, pale to
olivaceous brown. Ascomata perithecial superficial, solitary,
subspherical, 100 –160 μm diam, pale brown, paraphysate.
Asci basal, 50 –75 × 10 –14 μm, narrowly clavate, with eight
ascospores, short stipitate. Ascospores fusoid to navicular,
14 – 24 × 4–7 μm, aseptate, hyaline, smooth.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on oatmeal agar (OA) and
potato dextrose agar (PDA) ± 6 cm diam after 10 d at 25 °C,
surface flat, rugose, rosy buff to buff, margin entire.
Typus. auStralia, Queensland, Taunton, Williams Way, S24°26'58.0"
E151°47'05.6", from stem of Sporobolus natalensis (Poaceae), 15 May 2018,
J.S. Vitelli (holotype BRIP 68298, includes ex-type culture, ITS, LSU and
rpb2 sequences GenBank MW481661, MW481666 and MW626890, MycoBank MB 838488).
CBS 772.83
100/-
CBS 204.56T
Notes — Microdochium ratticaudae was discovered during a
survey in Australia for fungi on leaves and stems of introduced
giant rat’s tail grasses (Sporobolus natalensis and S. pyramidalis), which have become weedy in pastures. Microdochium
ratticaudae is currently under investigation by us as a potential
biological control agent for these exotic grasses in Queensland.
The genus Microdochium contains about 50 species, with several that are plant pathogens of grasses (Hernández-Restrepo
et al. 2016, Liang et al. 2019, Marin-Felix et al. 2019b).
A multilocus phylogenetic analysis of the ITS, LSU and rpb2
loci placed M. ratticaudae in a monophyletic branch sister to
M. dawsoniorum, and close relatives of M. albescens, M. citrinidiscum, M. paspali, M. seminicola and M. sorghi.
A blastn search of NCBIs GenBank shows that the closest hits
using the ITS sequence were M. trichocladiopsis (GenBank
KP858998; Identities 493/516 (96 %), seven gaps (1 %)), M. tainanense (GenBank NR_145248; Identities 491/515 (95 %),
seven gaps (1 %)) and M. dawsoniorum (GenBank MK966337;
Identities 497/526 (94 %), ten gaps (1 %)). A blastn search of
NCBIs GenBank shows that the closest hits using the LSU sequence were Sporothrix sclerotialis (GenBank MH872840; Identities 852/864 (99 %), two gaps (0 %)), M. tainanense (GenBank KP858931; Identities 853/860 (99 %), one gap (0 %)) and
M. bolleyi (GenBank MH869857; Identities 849/864 (98 %),
three gaps (0 %)). A blastn search of NCBIs GenBank shows
that the closest hits using the rpb2 sequence were M. albescens (GenBank KP859103; Identities 710/839 (85 %), no
gaps) and M. bolleyi (GenBank LT990643; Identities 743/891
(83 %), no gaps).
CBS 242.90T
100/1.00
CBS 125585T
100/1.00
CBS 285.71T
CBS 145125T
96/1.00
CGMCC 3.17929T
100/1.00
CPC 29376T
CBS 624.94T
99/1.00
-/0.89
CBS 143500T
100/1.00
CGMCC 3.19170T
90/1.00
100/1.00
CBS 177.29
CBS 116205T
CBS 540.92
87/1.00
CBS 108926T
CBS 269.76T
82/1.00
CBS 623.77T
M. ratticaudae sp. nov. BRIP 68298T
76/1.00 -/1.00
BRIP 67439T
CBS 691.96
96/1.00
CBS 109067T
CBS 138620T
100/1.00
100/1.00
CBS 122706
CBS 243.83
Phylogenetic tree of Microdochium species based on maximum likelihood
analysis of a combined multilocus alignment (ITS, LSU and rpb2). Analyses
were performed on the Geneious Prime ® 2021.0.3 platform (Biomatters Ltd.)
using RAxML v. 8.2. (Stamatakis 2014) and MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Huelsenbeck
& Ronquist 2001), both based on the GTR substitution model with gammadistribution rate variation. Branch lengths are proportional to distance. RAxML
bootstrap (bs) values greater than 70 % and Bayesian posterior probabilities
(pp) greater than 0.8 are given at the branches (bs/pp). Selenodriella fertilis
and Idriella lunata were used as outgroups. The novel taxon is indicated in
bold. Ex-type strains are marked with T.
Colour illustrations. Central Queensland (photo credit M.D.E. Shivas).
Colony on PDA; conidia; asci; ascospores; chlamydospores. Scale bars =
1 cm (Petri dish), 10 µm (all others).
Tracey V. Steinrucken, CSIRO, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia; e-mail: tracey.steinrucken@csiro.au
Joseph S. Vitelli & David Holdom, Biosecurity Queensland, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia;
e-mail: joseph.vitelli@daf.qld.gov.au & david.holdom@daf.qld.gov.au
Yu Pei Tan, Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia;
e-mail: yupei.tan@daf.qld.gov.au
Roger G. Shivas, Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia;
e-mail: roger.shivas@usq.edu.au
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
484
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Mollisia endogranulata
485
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1261 – 13 July 2021
Mollisia endogranulata Matočec, I. Kušan, Pošta, Mešić & Tkalčec, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the granular matter found in ectal excipular cells.
Classification — Mollisiaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Ascomata apothecial, plate-shaped when young, becoming
richly lobed when fully mature, superficial, sessile, irregular from
above, *(1.7–)2 – 4 mm diam, solitary or few apothecia merged
together, thin-fleshed in relation to size. Hymenium white
to pale beige or pale grey, wrinkled; margin sharp, whitish,
smooth, entire, lobed, ex-rolled in maturity; excipular surface
pale brown from apothecial base to the upper flank, smooth.
Basal hyphae not visible. Hymenium *95–115 µm thick. Asci cylindrical with conical-subtruncate apex, *77.8–107 × 6.6–7.7 µm,
pars sporifera *41.4–48.9 µm, 8-spored, base pleurorhynchous,
arising from repetitive croziers, apical apparatus refractive and
readily visible already in water, in Lugol’s solution (IKI) apical
ring medium to strongly amyloid (2 – 3bb) of Calycina-type.
Ascospores cylindrical to elongated ellipsoid when slightly
heteropolar or vestigiiform-pisciod to subscutuliform when
strongly heteropolar, nearly straight to slightly bent, 1-celled,
*
8.9 –11.5 –14.7(–15.2) × (2.9 –)3 – 3.6 – 4.2(– 4.3) µm, n = 60,
*
Q = 2.4 – 3.2 – 4, hyaline, smooth, uninucleate, freshly ejected
without sheath, biseriate inside *asci, without lipid bodies (LBs)
to sparsely guttulate, when overmature and just germinated remaining aseptate, LBs regularly present, 1–1.7 µm diam; in IKI
and brilliant cresyl blue (CRB) sporoplasm unstained. Paraphyses subcylindrical, tapered at apex, widest in the middle part,
apical cell *(35.3 –)43 –75.1 × (2.6 –)2.9 – 4.6 µm, † 2 – 3.2 µm
wide, straight, simple, *at first containing long series of mutually
compressed nummuliform, strongly refractive vacuolar bodies
(VBs), coalescing only in old apothecia into a single or several
cylindrical VBs, wall thin and hyaline; in KOH without yellow
reaction; in IKI VBs not stained, in CRB turquoise blue to deep
blue, immediately collapse after adding KOH. Subhymenium
*
17– 21 µm thick, hyaline, richly beset with highly repetitive
croziers, composed of hyaline densely packed epidermoid and
shortly cylindrical cells, *2 – 4.7 µm wide. Medullary excipulum
*
70 – 85 µm thick at the middle flank, *37– 48.5 µm at the upper
flank, composed of rather compact hyaline textura porrectaintricata, cells *2.7– 4.5 µm wide, devoid of crystals and KOHsoluble cytoplasmic bodies. Ectal excipulum *42 – 66 µm thick
at the middle flank, *45 – 62 µm at the upper flank, composed
of textura globulosa-angularis, cells *7– 25.7 × 5 –19.5 µm,
†
6–18.2 × 4–12.5 µm, in the inner part walls hyaline, in the outer
part thickened, ochre-brownish, *0.6 – 0.8 µm thick. Outermost
cells of the upper flank contain single VB, while inner cells
and nearly all cells of middle and lower flank contain resistant
excipular granules (REG), i.e., single to few fixed, subhyaline
and moderately refractive, KOH resistant granules, bluish grey
Colour illustrations. Croatia, Konavle area, forest of Laurus nobilis near
the Ljuta river spring (type locality). Apothecia; upper excipular flank texture
in *H2O; marginal texture in *H2O; ectal excipular cells displaying REGs
in *H2O and †KOH; REGs in *CRB (two pictures) and †CRB+KOH; freshly
ejected mature ascospores in *H2O; ascus with crozier and mature asci in
*
H2O, *CRB, †IKI; paraphyses in *H2O and *CRB; 60 d old colony on wort
agar with aggregation of stellate-dendritic crystals (upper left corner); part of
stellate-dendritic crystal mass (left) and fibrillar-fasciculate crystalloid (right);
hyphal loop and end-cells of aerial mycelium. Scale bars = 5 mm (apothecia,
colony), 0.5 mm (aggregation of stellate-dendritic crystals), 50 µm (upper
excipular flank, fibrillar-fasciculate crystalloid), 10 µm (all other microscopic
elements).
in CRB and greyish pink in CRB+KOH, but not stained by IKI,
2.5–4.2 µm diam; excipulum devoid of true intra- or intercellular
crystals. Marginal tissue *30 – 34 µm thick, hairless, composed
of hyaline cylindrical cells resembling paraphyses, running
perpendicularly towards the surface, terminal cells cylindricalclavate, thin-walled, *11–16.7 × 3.7–7 µm, containing single
refractive hyaline VB. Subicular hyphae completely reduced.
Culture characteristics — Colonies after 40 d in the dark at
20 °C on wort agar (2 % sucrose) 7.5–12.6 mm diam, pulvinate,
inconspicuously papillate, with whitish grey covering, woolly
aerial hyphae; margin radially diffuse, hyaline; underlying layer
more compact, hazel brown, partially visible near margin; reverse sienna ochre to dull cinnamon grey, but pale cinnamon
orange diffuse pigmentation present in substratal broad zone
around colonies. Exudate drops absent. Large stellate-dendritic
sulphur yellow and small orange fibrillar-fasciculate crystalloids
abundantly formed around the colony edge. Conidiogenesis
absent even within 2.5 mo. Aerial, covering loosely woven hyphae hyaline to subhyaline; underlying hyphae ± compact, porrectoid, subhyaline to pale ochre, but becoming substromatal,
epidermioid and with slightly thickened walls in old cultures;
all hyphae thin-walled, smooth, septate, branched, rich in LBs,
*
1.9 – 3.5 µm wide, wall *(0.2 –)0.3 – 0.4 µm, often producing
loops with trapped brown matter. Conidiophores and conidia
absent. Asterisk (*) denotes living and cross (†) dead state. Ascus amyloidity is termed after Baral (1987), spore shape after
Kušan et al. (2014), and wort agar is prepared after Fassatiová
(1986).
Distribution & Habitat — Known so far only from the type
locality in the Konavle area, Croatia. Type collection was found
on deteriorated, previously treated and introduced hardwood
lying in litter on the forest floor, under a dense canopy in the
evergreen thermo-Mediterranean forest.
Typus. croatia, Dubrovnik-Neretva County, Konavle area, 330 m S-SW
from the Ljuta river spring, N42°32'12.5" E18°22'43.5", 70 m a.s.l., on deteriorated hardwood, in a forest of Laurus nobilis, with Ligustrum vulgare,
Smilax aspera, Asparagus sp. and Hedera helix, 20 Dec. 2020, I. Kušan,
(holotype CNF 2/11126, ex-type culture CBS 147847, ITS, LSU and rpb1
sequences GenBank MW711783, MW729399 and MW725302, MycoBank
MB 839046).
Notes — According to our phylogenetic analysis, Mollisia
endogranulata belongs to the M. endocrystallina-M. prismatica
clade within the Mollisia s.str. species group. This clade is
characterised by lignicolous and apothecial species having
relatively pale, often creamy white to pale grey hymenium
(yellow to greenish grey in M. ventosa), ± concolorous with
marginal areas, and with overall relatively paler pigmentation
(text continues on Supplementary material page FP1261)
Supplementary material
FP1261 Phylogenetic tree obtained from a maximum likelihood analysis
based on concatenated ITS and LSU sequences of Mollisia endogranulata
and related species.
Neven Matočec, Ivana Kušan, Ana Pošta, Armin Mešić & Zdenko Tkalčec, Laboratory for Biological Diversity, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; e-mail: nmatocec@irb.hr, ikusan@irb.hr, aposta@irb.hr, amesic@irb.hr & ztkalcec@irb.hr
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
486
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Neophaeococcomyces oklahomaensis
487
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1262 – 13 July 2021
Neophaeococcomyces oklahomaensis Jurjević & Hubka, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the state in the USA where the species was
collected, Oklahoma.
Classification — Trichomeriaceae, Chaetothyriales, Eurotiomycetes.
Micromorphology (on malt extract agar; MEA): Hyphae pale
olivaceous to olivaceous brown, thick-walled, 4 –7 µm diam,
smooth, septate, occasionally anastomosing. Conidia forming
from swollen arthric or blastic cells that vary in the shape from
commonly globose to moniliform nearly cylindrical, smooth,
(4 –)5 –7(– 8) × 4 –7(– 8) μm diam, occasionally cells remain
attached, forming unbranched or branched chains, lacks distinctive conidiophores.
Culture characteristics — (in darkness, 25 °C after 21 d):
Colonies on MEA 10 –12 mm diam, velvety to near smooth,
olivaceous black to black (R46; Ridgway 1912), abruptly rising
5–6 mm, radially moderate deep to deep sulcate near wrinkled,
irregularly lobed margin, exudate absent, soluble pigments
absent, reverse olivaceous black to black. Colonies on Czapek
yeast autolysate agar (CYA) 8–10 mm diam, similar appearance
to MEA. Colonies on potato dextrose agar (PDA) 8 –10 mm
diam, velvety to near smooth, olivaceous black to black (R46),
radially lightly sulcate, exudate absent, soluble pigments absent,
reverse black. Colonies on corn meal agar (CMA) 9 –11 mm
diam, velvety, chaotura drab to olivaceous black (R46), rising
c. 3 mm, exudate absent, soluble pigments in dark brown
shades, reverse olivaceous black. Colonies on oatmeal agar
(OA) 9 –11 mm diam, similar appearance to MEA. Colony diam
(in mm after 21 d) at 20 °C/30 °C; MEA 9 –10/10 –11; CYA
5 – 6/8– 9; PDA 6 – 9/5 – 9; CMA 4 – 6/5 – 6; OA 7– 9/9 –10; no
growth at 35 °C.
ITS + LSU
100
Knufia
100
Arthrocladium
[KJ869142, KJ869199] Hyalocladosporiella tectonae CPC 23133T
92
[DQ008127, DQ008153] Metulocladosporiella musicola CBS 110960T
80
98
Additional materials examined. USA, Oklahoma, McAlester, East side of
building, swab from outside wall of alcohol distillery, 20 Jan. 2016, Ž. Jurjević
(culture CBS 147671 = EMSL 3313 = CCF 6566, ITS and LSU sequence
GenBank MW798187 and MW798183).
Notes — BLAST analysis with the ITS sequence of N. oklahomaensis showed greatest similarity with N. placitae (~94.1 %),
N. catenatus (93.7 %) and N. aloes (~92.9 %).
Neophaeococcomyces oklahomaensis commonly produces
globose to moniliform conidia, (4–)5–7(–8) × 4–7(–8) μm diam,
compared to ellipsoidal to globose conidia in N. aloes, 4 –7 ×
3.5 – 6.5 µm diam, globose in N. catenatus, 5 – 9 µm diam, and
narrowly ellipsoidal with obtuse apex and subtruncate base in
N. placitae, (4 –)5 – 6 × 3– 4 µm diam.
Rock inhabiting fungi are dispersed through the diversity of the
Trichomeriaceae and accommodated mostly in genera Anthracina, Bradymyces, Knufia and Lithohypha (Hubka et al. 2014,
Isola et al. 2016, Sun et al. 2020). The genus Neophaeococcomyces was erected by Crous et al. (2015b) to accommodate
the epiphytic N. aloes and the rock-inhabiting / airborne N. catenatus. Here we describe another rock-inhabiting member of the
genus, N. oklahomaensis, and transfer the epiphytic species,
Exophiala placitae (Crous et al. 2007c), to Neophaeococcomyces. The phenotypic differentiation of species and genera
of rock-inhabiting fungi across different orders and families
is almost impossible due to convergent evolution associated
with adaptations to identical extreme environments. Reliable
differentiation is possible only by means of molecular methods.
Neophaeococcomyces placitae (Crous & Summerell) Hubka
& Jurjević, comb. nov. — MycoBank MB 839245
89
79
Typus. uSa, Oklahoma, McAlester, East side of building, swab from
outside wall of alcohol distillery, 20 Jan. 2016, Ž. Jurjević (holotype CBS
H-24763, culture ex-type CBS 147670 = EMSL 3312 = CCF 6565, ITS, LSU
and SSU sequences GenBank MW798186, MW798182 and MW798179,
MycoBank MB 839076).
Lithohypha
Basionym. Exophiala placitae Crous & Summerell, Fungal Planet no. 17.
Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 2007.
[KC005772, KC005794] Strelitziana cliviae CPC 19822T
71
100
100
Streliziana
[KR476730, KR476765] Neostrelitziana acaciigena CPC 24873T
95
100
Bradymyces
79
Trichomerium
100
70
0.020
100
Anthracina
100 [AY843041, FJ358251] N. catenatus TRN4
92
100
[MH861022, MH872793] N. catenatus CBS 650.76T
[MH863143, MH874694] N. placitae CBS 121716T
92
100
[KF777182, KF777234] N. aloes CPC 21873T
Neophaeococcomyces
[MW798187, MW798183] N. oklahomaensis CBS 147671
[MW798186, MW798182] N. oklahomaensis CBS 147670T
[EU035411, EU035411] Cladophialophora proteae CBS 111667T
100
[LT558703, LT558703] Bacillicladium lobatum CCF 5200T
[MK442570, MK442512] Bacillicladium clematidis CBS 145035T
A best scoring maximum likelihood tree based on the ITS and LSU regions
shows the relationships of N. oklahomaensis with other species and genera in
Trichomeriaceae. The dataset contained 53 taxa and a total of 1 546 characters
of which 569 were variable. Partitioning scheme and substitution models
for analyses were as follows: the GTR+I+G model was proposed for the ITS1
and ITS2; K80+I for the 5.8 region and TrNef+I+G for the LSU region. The tree
was constructed with IQ-TREE v. 1.4.4 (Nguyen et al. 2015). Support values
at branches were obtained from 1 000 bootstrap replicates. Only bootstrap
support values ≥ 70 % are shown; ex-type strains are indicated by superscript T and the taxonomic novelties in bold text. The tree is rooted with
Bacillicladium species.
Colour illustrations. Outside wall of alcohol distillery. Conidia and conidiophores on MEA (all from 21-d-old cultures at 25 °C); Neophaeococcomyces
oklahomaensis colonies on MEA (top to bottom 20 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C). Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Vit Hubka, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic, and
Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083,
142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; e-mail: vit.hubka@gmail.com
Željko Jurjević & Sergey Balashov, EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077, USA;
e-mail: zjurjevic@emsl.com & sbalashov@emsl.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
488
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Neosetophoma buxi
489
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1263 – 13 July 2021
Neosetophoma buxi Spetik, Eichmeier, Pecenka, Gramaje & Berraf-Tebbal, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after Buxus, the host genus from which the fungus
was collected.
Classification — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata 60 –110 μm high, 120 –140 μm diam, pycnidial,
separate, dark to pale brown, globose, subepidermal, unilocular,
thin-walled, papillate. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous
cells. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, phialidic, doliiform to
ampulliform, determinate, hyaline. Conidia (7.01–)8.46 – 9.81
(–12.03) × (1.99 –)2.7– 3.01(– 3.23) μm, av. ± S.D. 9.56 ± 0.8 ×
2.89 ± 0.41 μm, ellipsoidal to fusoid, individually hyaline to pale
brown at maturity as a mass, aseptate, thin and smooth-walled.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on potato dextrose agar
(PDA) reaching 25.5 mm diam at 25 °C after 10 d, margin semiregular, erumpent, floccose, white to brown; reverse olivaceous.
On malt extract agar (MEA) reaching 34.3 mm diam after 10 d,
entire margin, with a moderate amount of aerial dirty-white
mycelium and greyish white from reverse. Colony on oatmeal
agar (OA) reaching 35 mm diam after 10 d, margin regular,
floccose, dirty white in outer ring grey olivaceous towards to
the centre, white in centre.
Typus. cZech republic, Moutnice, isolated as endophyte from inner wood
of Buxus sempervirens (Buxaceae), Sept. 2018, M. Spetik (holotype CBS
H-24476, ex-type culture CBS 146845 = MEND-F-0059, ITS, LSU, tef1-α
and rpb2 sequences GenBank MW621494, MW620993, MW628871 and
MW628872, MycoBank MB 838923).
CBS 146845/ MEND-F-0059 Neosetophoma buxi sp. nov.
90
CBS 145364 N. phragmitis
98
CBS 120096 N. cerealis
79
99
CBS 157.78 N. cerealis
MFLU 14-C0809 N. italica
Notes — In the phylogenetic analysis based on ITS and LSU
sequences, N. buxi formed a branch sister to N. phragmitis
with high bootstrap support (ML = 90/100). Neosetophoma
buxi can be easily distinguished from N. phragmitis by size of
conidia (7.01–)8.46 – 9.81(–12.03) × 2.7– 3.01 μm in N. buxi vs
(3–)4–5(–6) × 2 μm in N. phragmitis. Moreover, N. buxi produce
smaller conidiomata 120 –140 μm diam vs 180 – 200 μm diam
in N. phragmitis.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs nucleotide database,
the closest hits using the ITS sequence had the highest similarity to Pleosporales sp. (strain MI247, GenBank MW268974.1;
Identities = 565 /566 (99 %), one gap (0 %)), Pleosporales sp.
(strain FL11-3, GenBank KX641956.1; Identities = 553/553
(100 %), no gaps) and Neosetophoma sp. (strain ZMGL13,
GenBank MT446157.1; Identities = 561/567 (99 %), one gap
(0 %)). The closest hits using the LSU sequence had the highest
similarity to Neosetophoma samarorum (strain CBS 139.96,
GenBank GQ387579.1; Identities = 1 027/1 029 (99 %), one
gap (0 %)), Pseudodiplodia sp. (strain CBS 255.86, GenBank
EU754201.1; Identities = 1 027/1 029 (99 %), one gap (0 %))
and Dothideomycetes sp. (strain R20I3, GenBank MK503569.1;
Identities = 1 022/1 024 (99 %), one gap (0 %)); closest hits using the rpb2 sequence are Neosetophoma cerealis (strain CBS
518.74, GenBank MT223692.1; Identities = 791/834 (95 %), no
gaps), Neosetophoma sp. 1 (strain UTHSC:DI16-283, GenBank
LT797026.1; Identities = 790/888 (89 %), no gaps) and Neosetophoma sp. 1 (strain UTHSC:DI16-191, GenBank LT796991.1;
Identities = 788/886 (89 %), no gaps). The closest hits using
the tef1-α sequence had the highest similarity to Neosetophoma phragmitis (strain CBS 145364, GenBank MK540148.1;
Identities = 242/269 (70 %), no gaps), Diederichomyces ficuzzae (strain CBS 128019, GenBank KP170673.1; Identities
= 213/272 (78 %), 28 gaps (10 %)) and Parastagonospora
novozelandica (strain T15-06960B, GenBank MK540151.1;
Identities = 208/270 (77 %), 13 gaps (4 %)).
MFLU 17-0308 N. rosarum
CBS 145365 N. sambuci
79
78
MFLUCC 14-0528 N. garethjonesii
CBS 138.96 N. samarorum
50
85
MFLUCC 17-0768 N. rosigena
87
KUMCC 18-0155 N. lonicerae
99 KUMCC 18-0156 N. lonicerae
GZCC 18-0110 N. xingrensis
MFLUCC 16-0886 N. poaceicola
100
75
FU31023 N. miscanthi
MFLU 17-0118 N.salicis
68
MFLUCC 17-0780 N. shoemakeri
MFLU 15-1073 N. rosae
CBS 145363 N. aseptata
CBS 146548 N. hnaniceana
89
91
MFLUCC 13-0734 N. clematidis
CPC 26671 N. lunariae
IBRC-M 30176 N. iranianum
Maximum likelihood tree generated from the combined analysis of ITS and
LSU sequences data. Alignment comprised 25 ingroup isolates belonging
to 22 Neosetophoma species and one outgroup taxon (Brunneomurispora
lonicerae KUMCC 18-0158). The obtained Neosetophoma isolate formed a
branch sister to N. phragmitis with high bootstrap support (ML = 90/100).
The isolate was considered to be the newly described species named here
as Neosetophoma buxi sp. nov. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support
values less than 50 % are not shown. The tree was built using MEGA v. 7.0
(Kumar et al. 2016). The alignment and tree are available in TreeBASE
(Submission ID: 27824).
GZCC 18-0111 N. guiyangensis
KUMCC 18-0158 Brunneomurispora lonicerae
0.005
Colour illustrations. Chateau Lednice, Czech Republic. Culture on MEA;
conidiogenous cells; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Milan Spetik, Ales Eichmeier, Jakub Pecenka & Akila Berraf-Tebbal, MENDELEUM – Institute of Genetics,
Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, Lednice, 69144, Czech Republic;
e-mail: milan.spetik@mendelu.cz, ales.eichmeier@mendelu.cz, jakub.pecenka@mendelu.cz & qqberraf@mendelu.cz
David Gramaje, Institute of Grapevine and Wine Sciences (ICVV), Finca La Grajera Autovía del Camino de Santiago LO-20,
Salida 13, 26007, Logroño, Spain; e-mail: david.gramaje@icvv.es
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
490
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Penicillium ferraniaense
491
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1264 – 13 July 2021
Penicillium ferraniaense Houbraken & Di Piazza, sp. nov.
Etymology. Latin, name refers to Ferrania, the city where the type was
isolated.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Conidiophores monoverticillate, minor portion with a singular
additional branch that exceeds the length of the main axis.
Stipes hyaline, smooth, short, 50 – 80 × 2 – 3.5 µm, vesiculate,
2.5 – 5 µm. Phialides ampulliform, 5 – 9 per stipe, 7–10 × 2–3
(8.7 ± 1.1 × 2.6 ± 0.3) µm. Conidia smooth-walled, hyaline to
greenish, subglobose to broadly ellipsoidal, 2.5 – 3(– 3.5) ×
2 – 2.5 (2.8 ± 0.2 × 2.3 ± 0.1) µm. Ascomata or sclerotia not
observed.
Culture characteristics — Czapek yeast extract agar (CYA):
Colonies radially sulcate, elevated in centre; margin slightly
irregular; mycelium white; texture velvety, slightly floccose in
centre; sporulation moderate; soluble pigments absent; exudates present as small, hyaline droplets, predominantly present in centre; conidia en masse greyish green; reverse pastel
yellow, pale orange to orange white at margin. Malt extract
agar (MEA): Colonies radially sulcate, flat; margin irregular,
umbonate; mycelium white; texture velvety; sporulation moderate, intensifying towards to centre, absent at edge; soluble
pigments absent; exudates absent; conidia en masse greyish
green; reverse brown in centre, pale brown at edge. Yeast extract sucrose agar (YES): Colonies randomly sulcate (radial and
concentric), slightly elevated; margins entire; mycelium white
or pale yellow; texture velvety; sporulation weak to moderate
in centre, absent at margin; soluble pigment absent; exudates
absent; conidia en masse greyish green; reverse pale yellow to
yellowish white, golden yellow in centre. Dichloran 18 % glycerol
agar (DG18): Colonies with concentric rings in centre, radially
sulcate towards margin, flat and slightly sunken in centre; margins slightly irregular; mycelium white or pale yellow; texture
velvety; sporulation weak; soluble pigments absent; exudates
absent; conidia en masse greyish green; reverse pale yellow
to golden yellow. Oatmeal agar (OA): Colonies non-sulcate,
plane, low; margins entire; mycelium white or yellow; texture
velvety; sporulation moderate in centre, absent at margin;
soluble pigments absent; exudates present as small hyaline
droplets. Creatine agar (CREA): poor growth, acid production
moderate to good, base production absent.
Colony diam, 7 d, in mm — CYA 25 – 28; CYA 30 °C 16 – 20;
CYA 37 °C no growth; MEA 25 – 28; DG18 18 – 22; YES 21– 23;
OA 22 – 25; CREA 12–17.
Notes — A homology search of ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2
sequences of P. ferraniaense CBS 147595 against an in-house
reference sequence database containing data of all accepted
Penicillium species (Houbraken et al. 2020), retrieved P. daejeonium (ITS, 99.3 %; BenA, 97.1 %; CaM, 95.6 %) as most
similar species; no RPB2 reference sequences of P. daejeonium
are present on GenBank or in the in-house reference sequence
database. The close relationship between P. ferraniaense and
P. daejeonium is confirmed by phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenetic analysis also shows that P. ferraniaense belongs to
ser. Sclerotiorum of sect. Sclerotiorum. Like other sect. Sclerotiorum species, the conidiophores of P. ferraniaense are also
predominantly monoverticillate (in contrast to the biverticillate
conidiophores of ser. Herqueorum species) and the strains
do not produce coloured, soluble pigments (in contrast to ser.
Adametziorum species). Compared to P. daejeonium, P. ferraniaense grows more slowly on CYA (25 – 28 vs 36 – 41 mm),
MEA (25 – 28 vs 30 – 35 mm) and YES (21– 23 vs 33 – 36 mm),
and is able to grow on CYA incubated at 30 °C.
P. cainii
P. circulare
97
P. jacksonii
76
100
P. daejeonium
P. viticola
100
89
91
100
99
90
Additional material examined. italy. Valle Bormida, Ferrania (Cairo Montenotte), from anaerobic-digestate (compost), 16 Mar. 2018, S. Di Piazza,
culture CBS 147594 = DTO 400-B2, ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2 sequences
MW694952, MW689337, MW689339 and MW689341.
Colour illustrations. Compost pile during ripening process. Colonies (7 d,
25 °C), left to right, first row: CYA, MEA, second row: CYA reverse, YES
observe; conidiophores; conidia. Scale bar = 10 µm.
P. exsudans
P. acidum
P. mallochii
P. johnkrugii
P. vanoranjei
100
P. sclerotiorum
100
P. guanacastense
98
100
P. meliponae
P. austrosinicum
P. maximae
100
Typus. italy, Savona, Valle Bormida, Ferrania (Cairo Montenotte), from
1-d-mature compost pile made of 1 : 1 (w : w) anaerobic digestate, and green
and brown waste, 15 Mar. 2018, S. Di Piazza (holotype CBS H-24757, culture ex-type CBS 147595 = DTO 400-D8, ITS, LSU, BenA, CaM and RPB2
sequences GenBank MW694951, MW694939, MW689336, MW689338 and
MW689340; MycoBank MB 839119).
CBS 147594 P. ferraniaense sp. nov.
100
84
CBS 147595 P. ferraniaense sp. nov.
P. ulleungdoense
P. fernandesiae
100
P. hirayamae
0.1
99
2x
P. herquei
P. adametzioides
Maximum likelihood tree of Penicillium strains belonging to sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum based on 1 739 aligned nucleotides (combined BenA,
CaM and RPB2 sequences). Strain and GenBank accession numbers used
in the analysis can be found in Houbraken et al. (2020). Analysis performed
using RAxML v. 8.2.12 (Stamatakis 2014). Bootstrap 1 000 re-samplings;
only bootstrap support values above 70 % are presented at the nodes and
branches of > 95 % are thickened. Penicillium herquei and P. adametzioides
were used as outgroup. The scale bar indicates the expected number of
substitutions per site.
Simone Di Piazza, University of Genoa, Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Science, Laboratory of Mycology,
Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genoa, Italy; e-mail: simone.dipiazza@unige.it
Lukasz Istel & Jos Houbraken, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: l.istel@wi.knaw.nl & j.houbraken@wi.knaw.nl
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
492
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Penicillium uttarakhandense
493
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1265 – 13 July 2021
Penicillium uttarakhandense Rajeshk., N. Ashtekar, Visagie, G. Anand & Yilmaz, sp. nov.
Etymology. Latin, uttarakhandense, named after the state Uttarakhand,
India, where this species was collected.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Conidiophores divaricate and biverticillate. Stipes finely roughened to verruculose, 160–370 × 2.5–4.5 μm. Metulae in verticils of
2–4, asymmetrical, 10–12(–18) × 2.5–3.5 μm. Phialides ampulliform, in verticils of 2–5 per metula, 7.5–10.5(–14) × 2.5–4 μm.
Conidia globose to subglobose, 3–3.5 × 2.5–3 μm, finely roughened to roughened to verruculose, borne in long disordered
chains.
Culture characteristics (25 °C, 7 d, in darkness) — Colonies
on Czapek yeast autolysate agar (CYA) 34–42 mm diam, margin regular, conidia en masse dense, olive grey (1E2; Kornerup
& Wanscher 1978) centrally, towards periphery pale grey (1B1),
texture velutinous, with slight radial sulcations, exudates clear,
soluble pigments absent, reverse golden yellow (4C6) centrally,
with pale yellow (3A3) margin. Colonies on malt extract agar
(MEA) 34 – 42 mm diam, margin regular, conidia en masse
dense, dull green (24E4), texture floccose, exudates clear,
soluble pigments absent, reverse light yellow (3A5) centrally,
yellowish white (3A2) towards periphery. Colonies on CYA with
5 % NaCl (CYAS) 23–24 mm diam, margin regular, conidia en
masse moderately dense, yellowish grey (3C2) to greyish green
(29D5), texture velutinous, exudates absent, soluble pigments
absent, reverse white (1A1). Colonies on oatmeal agar (OA)
31–33 mm diam, margin regular, conidia en masse moderately
dense, dull green (24E4), texture velutinous, exudates absent,
soluble pigments absent, reverse white (1A1). Colonies on
Czapek’s agar (CZ) 32–37 mm diam, margin irregular, conidia
en masse moderately dense, yellowish white (1A2), texture
velutinous, exudates absent, soluble pigments absent, reverse
white (1A1). Colonies on dichloran 18 % glycerol agar (DG18)
ITS|BenA|CaM|RPB2
90
x4
97
x4
x4
94
0.01
11–13 mm diam, margin regular, conidia en masse sparse,
greenish grey (29B2), texture velutinous, exudates absent,
soluble pigments absent, reverse pale yellow (3A3). Colonies
on yeast extract sucrose agar (YES) 49– 52 mm diam, margin
regular, conidia en masse moderately dense, greenish grey
(29B2) to dull green (29E4), texture velutinous, sulcate, exudates colourless, soluble pigments absent, reverse greyish
yellow (4B6) to pale yellow (4A3). Colonies on creatine sucrose
agar (CREA) 30 –32 mm diam, acid production absent.
Typus. iNdia, Uttarakhand, Dehradun, from garden soil, 23 June 2018,
A. Garima & K.C. Rajeshkumar (holotype AMH 10225, culture ex-type NFCCI
4808, ITS, LSU, BenA, CaM and RPB2 sequences GenBank MN967315,
MT026706, MN972443, MN972445 and MN972447, MycoBank MB 834093).
Additional material examined. iNdia, Uttarakhand, Dehradun, from garden soil, 23 June 2018, A. Garima & K.C. Rajeshkumar, NFCCI 4809; ITS,
LSU, BenA, CaM and RPB2 sequences GenBank MN967316, MT026707,
MN972444, MN972446 and MN972448.
Notes — Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide database, the closest hits using BenA were P. onobense (GenBank GU981627; Identities = 449/456 (98 %),
no gaps), P. brasilianum (GenBank GU981629; Identities =
442/456 (97 %), one gap (0 %)) and P. skrjabinii (GenBank
GU981626; Identities = 443/458 (97 %), two gaps (0 %)). These
species are classified in sect. Lanata-Divaricata. This relationship was confirmed with a multigene phylogeny. Morphological
comparison between P. uttarakhandense and P. onobense
revealed that the new species have slightly longer stipes (up to
370 μm vs up to 300 μm) and has globose to subglobose conidia
with roughened to verruculose ornamentation, compared to the
elliptical to subglobose conidia with roughening in spiral bands
of P. onobense (Ramírez & Martínez 1981).
P. onobense CBS174.81T GU981575 GU981627 KF296371 KF296447
P. onobense PPRI4067 MK450706 MK451076 MK451630 MK450845
T
99 P. uttarakhandense NFCCI4808 MN967315 MN972443 MN972445 MN972447
P. uttarakhandense NFCCI4809 MN967316 MN972444 MN972446 MN972448
P. brasilianum CBS253.55T GU981577 GU981629 AB667857 KF296420
99
P. brasilianum PPRI3108 MK450675 MK450927 MK451584 MK450822
P. paraherquei CBS338.59T AF178511 KF296465 KF296372 KF296449
T
96 P. skrjabinii CBS439.75 GU981576 GU981626 KF296370 EU427252
P. skrjabinii NRRL13055 EU427287 EU427271 EU427280
P. skrjabinii CV0085 JX091432 JX091529 JX141544 KF296456
P. alagoense URM8086T MK804503 MK802333 MK802336 MK802338
99
P. alagoense URM8087 MK804502 MK802332 MK802335 MK802337
P. simplicissimum CBS372.48T GU981588 GU981632 KF296368 JN121507
Colour illustrations. Anand’s home garden at Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
Bottom row. Colonies on MEA (obverse, reverse), CYA (obverse, reverse),
YES, DG18, OA, CREA, CYAS, CZ (obverse). Left column. Biverticillate
(SEM) and divaricate penicilli; conidia; conidial chain (SEM); conidia (SEM).
Combined phylogeny of P. uttarakhandense and its close relatives, based
on ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2. Aligned data sets (MAFFT v. 7.450; Katoh &
Standley 2013) were analysed using Maximum Likelihood analysis (IQ-TREE
v. 1.6.12; Nguyen et al. 2015). Bootstrap support values (≥ 80 %) are given
above supported branches. The new species is indicated by bold text, T =
ex-type strain and GenBank accession numbers are shown in a smaller font
next to the culture accession number (ITS = green, BenA = blue, CaM = red,
RPB2 = purple). The tree is rooted to P. simplicissimum.
Kunhiraman C. Rajeshkumar & Nikhil Ashtekar, National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), MACS Agharkar Research Institute,
GG Agharkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra State 411004, India; e-mail: rajeshfungi@gmail.com & nikhilashtekar@aripune.org
Garima Anand, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India; e-mail: garima.bot@gmail.com
Cobus M. Visagie & Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: cobus.visagie@fabi.up.ac.za & neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
494
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Phaeoacremonium adelophialidum
Fungal Planet description sheets
495
Fungal Planet 1266 – 13 July 2021
Phaeoacremonium adelophialidum Mahamedi, Spetik, Eichmeier & Berraf-Tebbal,
sp. nov.
Etymology. Latin, In reference to the predominance of the adelophialides.
Classification — Togniniaceae, Togniniales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate hyphae that occur
singly or in bundles of up to four; subhyaline to medium brown
and smooth. Conidiophores mostly of short to medium length,
branched or unbranched, arising from aerial or submerged hyphae, erect to flexuous, ending with lateral phialides, or occasionally in a single terminal phialide, subhyaline to pale
brown, darker brown towards the tip, smooth to verruculose,
(4 –)8 –12(– 27) × (2 –)2.5 – 3(– 3.5) µm. Conidiogenous cells
terminal or lateral, arising directly from the mycelium or integrated on conidiophores, smooth, hyaline to medium brown,
mostly monophialidic, frequently rejuvenating to form chains of
phialides, collarettes inconspicuous; type I phialides predominant, mostly elongated ampulliform or navicular, attenuated at
the base, (4 –)6 –7.5(–11) × (2 –)2.5 – 3(– 3.5) µm, av. ± S.D of
30 phialides = 5.5 ± 1 × 2 ± 0.3 μm; type II phialides navicular
or subcylindrical, tapering towards the apex (8 –)10 –11(–14) ×
(2 –)2.5 – 3(– 3.5) µm, av. ± S.D. of 30 phialides = 10.5 ± 2 ×
3 ± 0.5 μm; type III phialides mostly subcylindrical, occasionally
navicular, tapering towards the apex (10 –)15.5 – 20(– 34.5)
× (1.5 –)2 – 2.5(– 3) µm, av. ± S.D. of 30 phialides = 18 ± 7 ×
2.5 ± 0.4 μm. Conidia on aerial mycelium hyaline, aseptate,
oval to subglobose, (2.5 –)3 – 4(– 4.5) × (1.5 –) 2 – 2.5(– 3) µm,
av. ± S.D. of 30 conidia = 3.4 ± 0.4 × 2 ± 0.2 μm; on agar surface
hyaline, aseptate, mostly cylindrical to allantoid, (4–)6–7(–8) ×
1–1.5(– 2) μm, av. ± S.D. of 30 conidia = 6 ± 1.4 × 2 ± 0.3 μm,
also ovoid to subglobose, identical to the ones formed on
aerial parts.
Colour illustrations. Vitis vinifera showing trunk diseases symptoms in
Algerian vineyard. Type I phialides; type II phialides; type III phialides; conidiophores with percurrent rejuvenation; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching a radius of
3 mm after 8 d at 25 °C. Minimum temperature for growth 10 °C,
optimum 25 °C, maximum 37 °C. Colonies on MEA flat, mostly
fealty with very little aerial mycelium, margin entire, after 16 d
colonies vinaceous buff (Rayner 1970) becoming buff, similar
in the reverse. Colonies on PDA flat, short woolly to fealty,
with entire to lobate margin, after 16 d vinaceous buff, fawn in
centre, similar in reverse. Colonies on OA flat, fealty with very
little aerial mycelium, appearing yeast-like, with entire margin,
after 8 and 16 d colonies rosy buff, similar in reverse.
Typus. alGeria, Tipaza, isolated from Vitis vinifera (cv. Cinsault) with
necrosis and black streakings, July 2007, A. Berraf-Tebbal (holotype BRNU
677815, culture ex-type CBS 147603 = P30, ITS, LSU, actA and tub2 sequences GenBank MW689543, MW689544, HQ604996 and HQ605019,
MycoBank MB 839124).
Notes — Phaeoacremonium species have a worldwide distribution and a wide host range, including woody plants, humans
and arthropods (Mostert et al. 2006). According to Gramaje et al.
(2015) and Spies et al. (2018), 29 Phaeoacremonium species
are known only from grapevine. Phylogenetically, P. adelophialidum is closely related to P. vibratile and P. hispanicum. It
was previously identified as P. hispanicum (Berraf-Tebbal et al.
2011). Based on a megablast search of NCBI nucleotide database, the closest hits using the actA sequence had the highest
similarity to P. hispanicum (GenBank HQ700716.1; Identities =
255/261 (98 %), no gaps), P. vibratile (GenBank DQ649064.1;
Identities = 249/262 (95 %), two gaps (0 %)) and P. hispanicum
(GenBank FJ517156.1; Identities = 226/236 (96 %), two gaps
(0 %)). The closest hits using the tub2 sequence had the highest similarity to P. hispanicum (GenBank HQ700715.1; Identities
= 622/636 (98 %), one gap (0 %)), P. hispanicum (GenBank
FJ517164.1; Identities = 535/549 (97 %), one gap (0 %)) and
P. vibratile (GenBank DQ649063.1; Identities = 525/550 (95 %),
three gaps (0 %)); closest hits using the ITS sequence are
P. hispanicum (GenBank KR909191.1; Identities = 585/586
(99 %), no gaps), P. hispanicum (GenBank NR_136058.1; Identities = 584/586 (99 %), no gaps) and P. hispanicum (GenBank
MH863327.1; Identities = 582/584 (99 %), no gaps). The closest hits using the LSU sequence had the highest similarity
to P. sphinctrophorum (GenBank NG_057746.1; Identities =
1 193/1 251 (95 %), 12 gaps (0 %)), P. sphinctrophorum (GenBank DQ173152.1; Identities = 1 165/1 215 (96 %), 12 gaps
(0 %)) and P. vibratile (GenBank DQ649065.1; Identities =
1 169/1 222 (96 %), 13 gaps (1 %)).
Phylogenetic relationships of Phaeoacremonium species based on combined
tub2 and actA partial sequence data using the Maximum likelihood (ML) and
maximum parsimony (MP) methods, under MEGA v. 7.0 (Kumar et al. 2016).
Pleurostoma richardsiae (CBS 270.33) and Pl. ochraceum (CBS 131321)
were used as outgroup. The dataset consisted of 903 characters of which
540 were variable. The heuristic search of the 422 parsimony-informative
characters resulted in 1 000 replicates has generated seven parsimonious
trees through 1 405 steps with CI = 0.49, RI = 0.63 and HI = 0.51. ML and
MP analyses produced trees with essentially identical topologies. The ML
tree with ML/MP bootstrap values presented at the nodes is available in
TreeBASE (Submission ID: 27892).
Alla Eddine Mahamedi, Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba,
B.P 92 16308 Vieux-Kouba, Alger, Algeria; e-mail: aladin1342@yahoo.com
Akila Berraf-Tebbal, Milan Spetik & Ales Eichmeier, Mendeleum – Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valtická 334,
Lednice, 69144, Czech Republic; e-mail: qqberraf@mendelu.cz, milan.spetik@mendelu.cz & ales.eichmeier@mendelu.cz
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
496
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Phytophthora kelmanii
497
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1267 – 13 July 2021
Phytophthora kelmanii Z.G. Abad, J.A. Abad, T.I. Burgess & Mostowf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Named to honour Dr Arthur Kelman, Emeritus Professor at
the Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, USA and
mentor of Jorge and Gloria Abad during their work at NCSU. Arthur Kelman
(11 Dec. 1918 – 29 June 2009) was one of the most influential plant pathologists of the twentieth century. He was a member of the National Academy of
Sciences for his pioneering contributions to the study of phytobacteriology
and received numerous awards including Fellow of the International Society
of Plant Pathology, American Phytopathological Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the American Academy of
Microbiology.
Classification — Peronosporaceae, Peronosporidae, Oomycota.
Sporangia produced on V8 agar and carrot agar (CA) flooded
with both distilled water and non-sterile soil extract; terminal,
borne on unbranched sporangiophores or in loose sympodia,
non-papillate, predominantly ovoid, sometime broad obpyriform,
rarely ellipsoid or pyriform; 46 ± 11.0 × 31 ± 4.9 μm (overall
range 26 –75 × 21– 49 μm), length/breadth ratio of 1.5 ± 0.2.
Sporangial proliferation in chains of internally proliferating
sporangia, both nested and extended. Hyphal swellings common, in small clusters, various shapes, 11 ± 2.7 μm (overall
range 4 –15 µm). Chlamydospores common, globose, thinwalled, 14 ± 5.1 μm (overall range 6.5 – 30 µm). Gametangia
were rarely produced in dual cultures (heterothallic). Oogonia
smooth-walled, globose, golden to brown, 39 ± 4.5 μm (isolates
ranged from 27– 44 μm). Oospores were both predominantly
plerotic to slightly aplerotic, av. 36 ± 4 μm (isolates ranged from
24–40 μm). Oospore walls wavy, av. 2.4 ± 0.9 μm, oospore wall
index 0.34. Antheridia were amphigenous, monoclinous, spherical to ellipsoidal, ranged from 13 – 24 μm in length (av. 18.5 ±
1.7 μm) and 9 – 20 μm in breadth (av. 15.5 ± 1.7 μm). Hyphae
were hyaline, normally non-septate, 4 – 5 μm wide. Minimum,
optimum and maximum temperatures for growth were 4 °C,
Colour illustrations. Xanthorrhoea sp., a host of Phytophthora kelmanii.
Typical ovoid sporangia in loose sympodia; sporangia with internal proliferation; aborted oogonium with amphigenous antheridium; mature aplerotic
oospore with wavy walls; small chlamydospore; hyphal swellings; uniform
colony on carrot-agar; mass of hyphal swellings typical of the species. Scale
bar = 80 μm (hyphal swellings), 20 μm (others).
25 °C and 37.5 °C, respectively. Radial growth rate on CA in
the dark at 25 °C was 9.0 ± 1.1 mm/d.
Culture characteristics — The colony patterns on all media
were uniform with the exception of potato dextrose agar (PDA)
which produced a rose-shaped pattern in all isolates. Aerial
mycelia were observed on some colonies specially on PDA.
Typus. auStralia, Western Australia, Armadale, baited from rhizosphere
soil of Ptilotus pyramidatus, 2016, G. Hardy (holotype MURU 485, culture
ex-type CBS 146551, ITS, Btub, hsp90, coxI, nadh1 and LSU sequences
GenBank MT210487, MT210491, MT210495, MT210499, MT210503 and
MT210486, MycoBank MB 838760).
Additional materials examined. auStralia, Western Australia baited from
rhizosphere soil of Xanthorrhea pressii, 27 May 2014, culture VHS30761;
ibid., rhizosphere soil of Salvia rosmarinus, 10 Oct. 2018, collected by Department of Biosecurity, Conservation and Attractions, culture VHS38521. – uSa,
unknown substrate, 1992, collector unknown, culture SUC629; California,
baited from rhizosphere soil of Juglans nigra, 1995, collector unknown, culture
SCRP209.
Notes — Isolates of Phytophthora kelmanii constitute a wellsupported monophyletic group sharing a common ancestor
with a clade consisting of P. pseudocryptogea (Safaiefarahani
et al. 2015), P. cryptogea (Pethybridge & Lafferty 1919) and
P. erthroseptica (Pethybridge 1913). These species together
with P. drechsleri (Tucker 1931), P. sansomeana (Hansen et
al. 2009), P. medicaginis (Hansen & Maxwell 1991) and P. trifolii (Hansen & Maxwell 1991) clustered within clade 8a of the
Phytophthora phylogeny (Yang et al. 2017). In a multigene
phylogeny of the ITS, Btub, hsp90, coxI and nadh1 gene regions, P. kelmanii differs from its closest sister taxon, P. pseudocryptogea, by 1.3 %. Morphologically, P. kelmanii is similar to
other species in clade 8a, producing terminal, typically ovoid,
persistent, non-papillate sporangia, and it is also a hightemperature tolerant Phytophthora species. The IDphy online
resource was used for close evaluation of P. kelmanii and
related species (Abad et al. 2019). Isolates of P. kelmanii are
heterothallic similarly to P. pseudocryptogea, P. cryptogea and
P. drechsleri, however, four of the five isolates examined were
sterile and did not produce any oospores in dual cultures. In addition many oospores aborted after the formation of the oospore
wall. Unlike P. pseudocryptogea, P. cryptogea, P. erthroseptica
and P. drechsleri, P. kelmanii produced small chlamydospores
on agar. Phytophthora kelmanii frequently forms small clustered
hyphal swellings in culture media, water and soil solution cultures which is a typical character of the species. Phytophthora
kelmanii was first isolated in 1989 from Abies fraseri, Salvia
officinalis and Picea abies in North Carolina, USA (Abad et
al. 2002). Thereafter it has frequently been isolated from firs,
herbaceous ornamentals, and even agriculturally important
trees such as walnut, around the world.
Bayesian inference tree based on a concatenated ITS, Btub, hsp90, coxI
and nadh1 sequence alignment showing the placement of Phytophthora
kelmanii in Phytophthora Clade 8. The tree was generated in MrBayes v. 3.2.6
(Huelsenbeck & Ronquist 2001) using the GTR substitution model. The
posterior probability values are shown at the nodes. The tree was rooted to
P. citrophthora (not shown) and the novel species is shown in bold font and
a shaded box. See Yang et al. 2017 for isolate code and GenBank accession
numbers of reference sequence.
Reza Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa, Department of Plant Protection, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; e-mail: rmostowfi@shirazu.ac.ir
Treena I. Burgess, Phytophthora Science and Management, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University,
Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au
Z. Gloria Abad, USDA-APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology S&T Beltsville Laboratory, Bldg 580-East, Powder Mill Rd,
Laurel, MD 20708, USA; e-mail: gloria.abad@usda.gov
Jorge A. Abad, USDA-APHIS-PPQ-Preclerance and Offshore Programs, River Rd., MD 20737, USA; e-mail: jorge.a.abad@usda.gov
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
498
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Pleuroflammula pannonica
499
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1268 – 13 July 2021
Pleuroflammula pannonica Polhorský, Kautmanová & Szabóová, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after its occurrence in Slovak pannonian oak groves.
Classification — Crepidotaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata scattered to subgregarious. Pileus (0.5 –)1– 2.3
(– 3) mm diam, convex, becoming plano-convex, pale brown,
amber brown to deep rust brown, moderately hydrophobic, dry,
non-striate, minutely scurfy. Veil scanty, only visible on young basidiocarps at the margin, evanescent, appendiculate, fibrillose,
white to pale brown. Lamellae widely spaced, 4 –12, lamellulae 1– 6, whitish, finally orange-brown from mature basidiospores, adnexed; edge white, serrated from cheilocystidia agglutinated into teeth-like projections. Stipe (0.3–)0.5–1(–1.5) ×
0.15–0.5 mm, slightly to strongly eccentric, sometimes central,
cylindrical, slightly enlarged towards the pileus, concolorous
with pileus, fibrillose in its entirety, sometimes longitudinally striate. Basidia 18–29 × 5–8.3 μm, 4-spored, cylindrical to slenderclavate, indistinctly clamped. Basidioles 12 – 24 × 5 – 8.4 μm,
slender- to broadly-clavate. Basidiospores (6.4–)8–9.3(–10) ×
(4.3–)5.2–6(–6.7) μm, Q 1.3–1.9, obovoid or ellipsoid, smooth,
rust brown, ± thick-walled, wall 0.4 – 0.8 μm thick; lipid content
granular in living spores, coalescing in dead spores into larger
guttule(s); 1, 2-nucleate; germ pore often visible. Cheilocystidia
20 – 40 × 2.2 – 3.7 μm, distinct, variable, narrowly lageniform to
cylindrical, flexuous, hyaline or containing orange-brown pigment, smooth, often agglutinated into fascicles, exceptionally
apically forked, apex rounded, tapering or slightly capitate.
Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis, composed of interwoven hyphae, 1.7– 4.3 μm wide. Pigment intercellular, granulose or amorphous, abundant, ochre to deep orange-brown,
partially dissolving in KOH solution. Clamp connections present.
Ecology — Growing on fallen, dead Quercus sp. branches,
on ± loose bark or on undecayed wood, not in contact with soil,
0.3 –1 m above ground, in lowland, xerothermophilous pannonian oak groves with Acer campestre, Cornus mas and Ulmus
minor. Phenology: VI–I, presumably throughout the year in case
of good conditions. Geology: loess and sandy sediments.
Typus. SloVakia, Bratislava, Senec, Martinský les, corticated branches of
Quercus sp. (Fagaceae), N48.25466° E17.38976°, alt. 152 m, 18 Oct. 2020,
A. Polhorský (holotype BRA CR33236, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MW726639 and MW726637, MycoBank MB 839244).
Tree scale: 0.1
Additional materials examined. SloVakia, Bratislava, Senec, Martinský les,
decorticated branches of Quercus sp., N48.25114° E17.3788°, alt. 156 m,
21 June 2020, A. Polhorský, BRA CR33233, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MW726640 and MW726638; ibid., 20 Aug. 2020, A. Polhorský, BRA
CR33234; ibid., corticated branches of Quercus sp., N48.25689° E17.38271°,
alt. 156 m, 4 Sept. 2020, A. Polhorský, BRA CR33235; ibid., decorticated
branch of Quercus sp., N48.25662° E17.36758°, alt. 171 m, 22 Jan. 2021,
A. Polhorský, BRA CR33774; Podunajské Biskupice, Topoľové Hony, bark of
cf. Quercus, N48.08129° E17.20171°, alt. 132 m, 18 May 2019, A. Polhorský,
unpreserved.
Notes — Ovoid, thick-walled, rust brown basidiospores, cylindrical cheilocystidia, eccentric stipe, indistinct but present veil
and orange-brown pigment dissolving in KOH agree well with
the generic concept of Pleuroflammula and distinguishes it from
morphologically similar genera (Crepidotus, Phaeomarasmius,
Pholiota, Simocybe) (Horak 1978, 2018). Most of the c. 20
described species are known from the USA, but several other
species are only from countries in the Southern Hemisphere
(Chile, Brazil, South Africa, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Australia and New Zealand). Presently the only known species from
Europe were cosmopolitan-appearing P. ragazziana (Gierczyk
& Kubiński 2019) and P. tuberculosa (Horak 1986). From European taxa, P. pannonica superficially resembles small members
of the genus Phaeomarasmius, e.g., P. rimulincola and P. siquieri (Salom & Esteve-Raventós 2011), but differs in KOH-soluble
pigment, not encrusted cheilocystidia and smaller spores. This
new species represents the smallest member of the genus next
to P. minutula (pileus 2 – 6 mm diam), which differs in more
persistent veil, broader cheilocystidia (4 –7 μm) and growth on
living bark of Populus (Smith & Hesler 1968).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of BRA
CR33236 were P. croceosanguinea (strain TFB8631, GenBank KY559341; Identities = 540/583 (92 %), 16 gaps (2%)),
P. flammea (AFTOL-ID 1381, GenBank DQ494685; Identities
= 507/578 (88 %), 26 gaps (4 %)) and P. praestans (PBM3461,
GenBank HQ832450; Identities = 519/597 (87 %), 36 gaps
(6 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence of BRA CR33236
are P. flammea (MCA339, GenBank AF367962; Identities =
874/893 (98 %), no gaps), Pleuroflammula sp. (OKM24609,
GenBank AF208533; Identities = 873/893 (98 %), no gaps)
and P. praestans (PBM3461, GenBank HQ832464; Identities
= 873/893 (98 %), no gaps).
Cortinarius violaceus MTS 4854
Phaeomarasmius umbrinus PDD 72587
80
Tubaria confragosa PBM2105
100
Tubaria vinicolor JFA 12905
Crepidotus cf. applanatus PBM 717
58
Simocybe serrulata PBM 2536
Inocybe sphaerospora ZRL20151281
79
Inocybe flocculosa ZRL20151789
100
67
Inocybe asterospora ZRL20152002
55
Pleuroflammula tuberculosa PAM02072903
Phylogenetic tree based on the Maximum Likelihood analysis from the comPleuroflammula pannonica BRACR33236
92 99
Pleuroflammula pannonica BRACR33233 TYPE
bined ITS-LSU sequence alignment. Analyses were done on the Phylosuite
90
Pleuroflammula flammea MCA339
v. 1.2.2 platform (Zhang et al. 2020). The alignment was performed with
Pleuroflammula praestans PERTH08242151
100
MAFFT v. 7 (Katoh & Standley 2013) and manually checked and trimmed.
65 Pleuroflammula praestans ZRL2015066
Maximum Likelihood phylogenies were inferred using IQ-TREE 2 (Nguyen
Colour illustrations. Martinský les oak grove. Young and mature basidiomata; cheilocystidia; basidiospores. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (basidiomata), 10 µm
(microstructures).
et al. 2015) under the model automatically selected by IQ-TREE for 5 000
ultrafast (Minh et al. 2013) bootstraps. Bootstrap support values are given at
the nodes. Cortinarius violaceus was used as an outgroup. The novel taxon
is indicated in bold. Scale bar on the tree indicates the expected number
of changes per site.
Adam Polhorský, Pezinská 14, 90301 Senec, Slovakia; e-mail: polhorsky.adam@gmail.com
Ivona Kautmanová & Dana Szabóová, Slovak National Museum-Natural History Museum, Vajanského nab. 2, P.O. Box 13,
81006 Bratislava, Slovakia; e-mail: ivona.kautmanova@snm.sk & dana.szaboova@snm.sk
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
500
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Pseudosydowia backhousiae,
Pseudosydowia indooroopillyensis,
Pseudosydowia louisecottisiae
& Pseudosydowia queenslandica
501
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1269 –1272 – 13 July 2021
Pseudosydowia backhousiae R.G. Shivas, Marney & Y.P. Tan, sp. nov.
Etymology. Refers to Backhousia, a myrtaceous genus that includes the
host plant from which the fungus was isolated.
Classification — Saccotheciaceae, Dothideales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium comprised of branched, septate, smooth, hyaline,
2 – 5 mm diam hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells intercalary, producing conidia
on minute lateral or terminal projections, cylindrical to ampulliform, hyaline, 7–12 × 3 – 5 µm. Conidia solitary, subglobose
to ellipsoidal or obovoid, (2 –)4 –7(–10) × 2.5 – 4 µm, aseptate,
apex rounded, base narrowed, hyaline, smooth.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on potato dextrose agar
(PDA) after 4 wk at 25 °C reaching 5 cm diam, flat, pale rosy
buff, copious conidial ooze covers the central part, without aerial
mycelium, margin entire; reverse buff.
Typus. auStralia, Queensland, Brisbane, Chapel Hill, on living leaves
of Backhousia citriodora (Myrtaceae), 28 Aug. 2001, T.S. Marney (holotype
BRIP 28243, includes ex-type culture, ITS sequence GenBank MW443073,
MycoBank MB 838438).
Pseudosydowia indooroopillyensis R.G. Shivas, Marney & Y.P. Tan, sp. nov.
Etymology. Refers to the Brisbane suburb of Indooroopilly, from where
the fungus was isolated.
Mycelium comprised of branched, septate, smooth, hyaline,
2.5 – 3.5 mm wide hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells intercalary, producing conidia
on minute lateral or terminal projections, cylindrical, hyaline,
7–15 × 2.5 – 5 µm. Conidia solitary, subglobose to ellipsoidal,
4 –7(– 9) × 3 – 5 µm, aseptate, apex rounded, larger cells often
papillate at base, hyaline, smooth.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA after 4 wk at
25 °C reaching 5 cm diam, flat, leathery, pale rosy vinaceous,
without aerial mycelium, margin entire; reverse rosy vinaceous.
Typus. auStralia, Queensland, Brisbane, Indooroopilly, on living leaves
of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 13 Sept. 2001, T.S. Marney (holotype
BRIP 28248, includes ex-type culture, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MW443076 and MW443081, MycoBank MB 838439).
Additional materials examined. Australia, Queensland, Brisbane (Indooroopilly), on living leaves of Eucalyptus sp., 13 Sept. 2001, T.S. Marney
TSM040, culture BRIP 28246 (ITS sequence GenBank MW443074); ibid.,
culture BRIP 28247 (ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MW443075 and
MW443080).
Pseudosydowia louisecottisiae Marney, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for Louise Cottis, in appreciation of her support for
T.S. Marney’s mycological endeavours. “Every little breeze seems to whisper
Louise.”
dark cinnamon patches in the central part, without aerial mycelium, copious conidial ooze covers the central part, margin
entire; reverse buff at margin becoming honey in central part.
Mycelium comprised of branched, septate, smooth, hyaline,
2.5 – 5 mm diam hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells intercalary, producing conidia
on minute lateral or terminal projections, cylindrical, hyaline,
7–15 × 2.5–5 µm. Conidia solitary, clavate or obovoid, 5–9(–10)
× 2.5 – 4.5 µm, aseptate, apex rounded, base narrowed and
sometimes papillate, hyaline, smooth.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA after 4 wk at
25 °C reaching 4 cm diam, flat, pale buff with irregular pale to
Typus. auStralia, Queensland, Brisbane, Indooroopilly, on living leaves
of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 13 Sept. 2001, T.S. Marney (holotype BRIP
28185, includes ex-type culture, ITS sequence GenBank MW443072, MycoBank MB 838440).
Additional materials examined. auStralia, Queensland, Brisbane (Chapel
Hill), on living leaves of Backhousia citriodora, 28 Aug. 2011, T.S. Marney
TSM004, culture BRIP 28157 (ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MW443070
and MW443078); ibid., TSM006, culture BRIP 28159 (ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MW443071 and MW443079).
Pseudosydowia queenslandica R.G. Shivas, Marney & Y.P. Tan, sp. nov.
Etymology. Refers to the Australian state of Queensland, where the fungus
was isolated.
Mycelium comprised of branched, septate, smooth, hyaline,
2.5 – 4 mm wide hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells intercalary, producing conidia
on minute lateral or terminal projections, cylindrical, hyaline,
10–15 × 2.5–3.5 µm. Conidia solitary, subglobose to ellipsoidal,
5 –10 × 3– 4.5 µm, aseptate, apex rounded, hyaline, smooth.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA after 4 wk at
25 °C reach 5 cm diam, flat, leathery, rosy buff, without aerial
mycelium, margin entire; reverse pale rosy buff.
Typus. auStralia, Queensland, Brisbane, Indooroopilly, on living leaves
of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 13 Sept. 2001, T.S. Marney (holotype
BRIP 28249, includes ex-type culture, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MW443077 and MW443082, MycoBank MB 838441).
(text continues on Supplementary material page FP1269 –1272)
Colour illustrations. Eucalypt woodland, central Queensland. Pseudosydowia backhousiae colony, hyphae and conidia (top row); Pseudosydowia
indooroopillyensis colony, hyphae and conidia (second row); Pseudosydowia louisecottisiae colony, hyphae and conidia (third row); Pseudosydowia
queenslandica colony, hyphae and conidia (bottom row). Scale bars = 1 cm
(colonies), 10 µm (others).
Supplementary material
FP1269 –1272 Phylogenetic tree of Pseudosydowia species based on a
maximum likelihood analysis of a combined multilocus alignment (ITS and
LSU).
Yu Pei Tan, Thomas S. Marney & Sharon Bishop-Hurley, Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries,
Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia; e-mail: yupei.tan@daf.qld.gov.au, thomas.marney@daf.qld.gov.au & sharon.bishophurley@daf.qld.gov.au
Ernest Lacey, Microbial Screening Technologies, 28 Percival Rd, Smithfield, NSW 2164, Australia; e-mail: elacey@microbialscreening.com
Roger G. Shivas, Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia; e-mail: roger.shivas@usq.edu.au
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
502
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Russula quintanensis
503
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1273 – 13 July 2021
Russula quintanensis M. Romero & P. Alvarado, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to Quintana de la Serena (Extremadura,
Spain), where the holotype was collected.
Classification — Russulaceae, Russulales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata angiocarpic (gasteroid), irregularly globose to subglobose, sometimes also flattened or lobed, 0.5 – 2.8 cm diam,
sometimes attached to the substrate with a small sterile base.
Peridium surface dry, smooth to slightly tomentose, with soil
debris adhered, first white, turning pale ochre with exposure
and handling, pale brown to brown with whitish patches with
age. Several specimens have areas where the peridium is
lost, and the hymenium cells are exposed. Gleba loculated,
composed of mostly sinuose, long and narrow cells, but occasionally also circular; pearly white in colour in young specimens, turning cream white to light brown with age, sometimes
presenting dark brown spots. Columella absent, but sometimes
presenting a base of sterile tissue with a small linear projection
into the gleba. Smell slightly acidic or fruity when found, then
inconspicuous. Reactions: negative to KOH, guaiac or ferrous
sulphate in peridium and gleba. Peridium 70 –150 µm; formed
of: 1) peridiopellis reduced to a few compressed septate hyphae
2 – 3 µm diam parallel with the surface, with plates of brownish
pigment; 2) subpellis prosenchymatic, composed of entangled
septate hyphae 3–6 µm diam, frequently angled and bifurcated,
looking subgelatinised, as well as longer and narrower hyphae
2–3.5 µm diam abundant near the hymenium; 3) subhymenium
pseudoparenchymatic, formed of 1–3 rows of polyhedric to globose hyphae measuring 6 –10 × 8 –15 µm. Trama narrow, subgelatinised, formed of parallel hyphae 2.5–5 µm diam. Spherocytes 8–15 µm diam, frequent in the innermost peridium layers
and trama, forming cords or sometimes rosettes. Clamp connections not observed. Basidia abundant, cylindric to claviform,
tetrasporic or sometimes bisporic, 35 – 45 × 8 –10 µm. Basidioles claviform, 30 – 40 × 8 – 9 µm. Basidiospores measuring
(7.5 –)8 – 9.5(–10) × (5.5 –)6 –7(–7.5) µm, av. 8.5 × 6.5 µm,
Q = (1.2 –)1.3 –1.5(–1.6), average Q = 1.4 (n = 25); ellipsoid,
heterotropic, with a small hylar appendix, smooth in water
under compound microscope, with a large central droplet; not
changing in KOH, amyloid in Melzer reagent, after staining with
Melzer and sulphovanillin spores look minutely warted and partially subreticulated, warts are 0.1–0.2 µm high, mostly isolated
but some of them coalesce forming small ridges. Paraphysoid
cells abundant, resembling basidioles, 1– 2-septate. Cystidia
not observed.
Habitat — Solitary or in small groups. Fruits between November and March. Hypogeous or semihypogeous in acidic soils
near Cistus ladanifer with or without Pinus pinea or Quercus
ilex.
Colour illustrations. Pinus pinea forest with Cistus ladanifer at Sierra
de los Pajaritos (Extremadura, Spain). Basidiomata; peridium; opposed
hymenium layers with subhymenium; peridiopellis, spherocytes; spores in
water; spores in Melzer + sulphovanillin. Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata),
50 µm (peridium), 20 µm (hymenium, peridiopellis and spherocytes), 10 µm
(spores).
Typus. SpaiN, Extremadura, Badajoz, Quintana de la Serena, Sierra de
los Pajaritos, below ground near Cistus ladanifer and Pinus pinea, 7 Feb.
2016, M. Romero (holotype FCO-Fungi 26, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences
GenBank MW077679, MW077681 and MW086478; ibid., isotype MRG378,
MycoBank MB 837957).
Additional materials examined. SpaiN, Extremadura, Badajoz, Aldea de
la Guarda, below ground near Cistus ladanifer and Quercus ilex, 14 Jan.
2019, M. Romero (paratype FCO-Fungi 27, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MW077680, MW077682; duplicate MRG529); ibid., 18 Mar. 2018,
M. Romero (MRG475); Badajoz, Quintana de la Serena, Fuente Quemada,
below ground near Cistus ladanifer and Genista scorpius, 28 Feb. 2018,
M. Romero (MRG462); Badajoz, Quintana de la Serena, Sierra Agalla, below
ground near Cistus ladanifer, Quercus ilex and Genista scorpius, 15 Jan.
2019, M. Romero (paratype FCO-Fungi 28; duplicate MRG532); ibid., below
ground near Cistus ladanifer and Genista scorpius, 4 Dec. 2008, M. Romero
(MRG177); ibid., 19 Dec. 2018, M. Romero (MRG521); Badajoz, Quintana
de la Serena, Sierra de los Pajaritos, below ground near Cistus ladanifer
and Pinus pinea, 16 Nov. 2018, M. Romero (MRG512).
Notes — Russula quintanensis differs from other sequestrate
species of Russula because of its angiocarpic (gasteroid) basidiomata, loculated gleba without a columella, and its ellipsoid
spores 8.5 × 6.5 µm on average (Q = 1.4) ornamented with very
small warts 0.1– 0.2 µm high that sometimes coalesce forming
small ridges. The closest matches in public databases to the
LSU and rpb2 sequences obtained come from specimens identified as R. cessans, R. laricina, R. maculata, R. nauseosa and
others (about 97 % similarity of LSU, 96 % similarity of rpb2).
Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS, LSU and rpb2 confirms
that R. quintanensis is nested within subsect. Laricinae (see
Supplementary material FP1273). Other sequestrate species
have been found in this subsection before (Vidal et al. 2019),
such as Russula galileensis, R. sichuanensis, R. subloculata
and R. vinaceodora, but they all have pseudoangiocarpic (secotioid) basidiomata. Russula californica turns ocherish orange in
the gleba with KOH, has subglobose spores 9 –12 × 7.5 – 9 µm
ornamented with larger warts 0.25 – 0.5 µm wide, and cystidia.
Russula monticola has globose to subglobose spores, 9.5–12 ×
10 –12.5 µm, ornamented with isolated or coalescing warts,
0.5 –1.1 µm high. Russula setigera has a trichoderm peridiopellis, abundant cystidia, and globose spores 8 –10(–11) µm
ornamented with an incomplete reticulum. Finally, R. vidalii
has also a trichoderm peridiopellis, abundant macrocystidia,
and subglobose spores 9 –11(–13) µm ornamented with warts
0.5 –1 µm high. Russula andaluciana (Moreno-Arroyo et al.
2002) can be found in the same habitats and season, but differs
from R. quintanensis because of its remarkable smell, as well
as its globose to subglobose basidiospores ornamented with
spines 0.3 µm high forming a reticulum.
Supplementary material
FP1273 P50 % majority rule consensus phylogram obtained in MrBayes
from 7 500 sampled trees after the analysis of a combined alignment of ITS
rDNA, 28S rDNA and rpb2 sequences of Russula s.str. Nodes were annotated
if supported by ≥ 0.95 Bayesian PP (left) or ≥ 70 % ML BP (right).
Manuel Romero, C/ Don Juan de las Máquinas 5, 06450 Quintana de la Serena, Spain; e-mail: mromerogordillo@gmail.com
Pablo Alvarado, ALVALAB, Dr. Fernando Bongera st., Severo Ochoa bldg. S1.04, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; e-mail: pablo.alvarado@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
504
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Simplicillium niveum
505
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1274 – 13 July 2021
Simplicillium niveum Mongkols., Noisrip. & Luangsa-ard, sp. nov.
Etymology. From the Latin ‘niveus’, referring to white mycelium of the
fungus on the host.
Classification — Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycophylic on Ophiocordyceps camponoti-leonardi (Ophiocordycipitaceae) attached to unidentified dicotyledonous leaves
of forest plants. Mycelium white. Conidial structures consisting
of erect conidiophores usually arising from prostrate mycelium, verticillate with phialides in whorls of two to five on each
branch. Conidiogenous cells phialides, gradually tapering from
base to the apex, 10 – 20.5(– 25) × 1– 2 µm. Conidia hyaline,
oblong-ellipsoidal or ellipsoidal, smooth, aseptate, 3–4.5(–6) ×
1– 2 µm, aggregated in heads at the apex of phialides. Sexual
morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies initiated from germinating
conidia. Conidia germinated within 24 h on potato dextrose agar
(PDA). Colonies reaching 8 –12 mm diam after 7 d at 25 °C.
Colonies compact with white mycelium, reverse uncoloured.
Conidia and reproductive structures not observed.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had
highest similarity to Fungal sp. (clone PdlM07-69, GenBank
MG920352.1; Identities = 501/536 (93 %), 15 gaps (2 %)) and
Simplicillium sp. (strain fgcc1, GenBank LC033905.1; Identities
= 497/537 (93 %), 15 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU
sequence had highest similarity to Acremonium sp. (strain NORIE7, GenBank MK913356.1; Identities = 1 192 /1 204 (99 %),
one gap (0 %)) and Lecanicillium sp. (strain VS6320, GenBank
KU342077.1; Identities = 1 192 /1 204 (99 %), one gap (0 %)).
Closest hits using the tef1 sequence are Blackwellomyces
lateris (as Blackwellomyces sp. YX-2018a, voucher MFLU
18-0663, GenBank MK069471.1; Identities = 885/949 (93 %),
three gaps (0 %)) and Blackwellomyces cardinalis (strain OSC
93609, GenBank DQ522325.1; Identities = 880/942 (93 %), two
gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the rpb1 sequence are Beauveria gryllotalpidicola (strain BCC26300, GenBank MK632184.1;
Identities = 494/601 (82 %), four gaps (0 %)) and Beauveria
malawiensis (strain BCC17613, GenBank HQ880896.1; Identities = 494/601 (82 %), four gaps (0 %)).
Typus. thailaNd, Nam Nao National Park, on Ophiocordyceps camponotileonardi (Ophiocordycipitaceae) on underside of unidentified dicotyledonous leaf, 24 Nov. 2016, S. Mongkolsamrit, K. Tasanathai, P. Srikitikulchai,
S. Wongkanoun, U. Pinruan & R. Promharn (holotype BBH 42334, culture extype BCC 83036, ITS, LSU, tef1 and rpb1 sequences GenBank MW620992,
MW621499, MW603488 and MW603489, MycoBank MB 838772).
Notes — Species in Simplicillium have been reported occurring on a broad spectrum of hosts and substrates, such as
insects, plants, rusts, soil, decaying wood, calcareous rock
(Zare & Gams 2001, Liu & Cai 2012, Nonaka et al. 2013, Zhang
et al. 2017, Chen et al. 2019). Simplicillium lanosoniveum has
been reported as both an endophytic and hyperparasitic fungus
(Baiswar et al. 2014, Wei et al. 2019). The gross macromorphology of the natural samples of S. niveum closely resembles
S. lanosoniveum (Wei et al. 2019) by producing white hyphae
on decayed O. camponoti-leonardi (Kobmoo et al. 2012), but
O. unilateralis (Wei et al. 2019) was the host reported for the
latter. Both species produce phialides with aggregated conidia on the host surface. However, the micromorphological
characters in S. niveum differ from S. lanosoniveum in having
verticillate conidiophores with phialides in whorls, whereas
S. lanosoniveum produces solitary phialides along its hyphae.
Results of the molecular phylogenetic study strongly support
and separate S. niveum from other known species.
Supplementary material
Colour illustrations. Forest in Thailand. Fungi on host; side view of sample
showing white hyphae of S. niveum on decayed Ophiocordyceps camponotileonardi body and leg; conidiophores and phialides in whorls and conidia;
culture derived from conidia on PDA (sporulation absent). Scale bars = 10 mm
(culture), 2 mm (O. camponoti-leonardi ), 20 µm (phialides), 10 µm (conidia).
FP1274-1 Phylogenetic tree derived from a Bayesian analysis based on a
combined dataset comprising ITS and LSU sequences. The data was analysed using Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum likelihood (ML). Bayesian
phylogenetic inference was calculated with MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et
al. 2012), with 3 M generations and under the GTR+I+G model. The ML
analysis was run with RAxML-VI-HPC2 v. 8.2.12 (Stamatakis 2014) on
XSEDE in the CIPRES portal (www.phylo.org). Numbers at the significant
nodes represent Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP) / RAxML bootstrap
support values (ML-BS). Thickened lines in the tree represent fully supported
branches (BPP = 1, ML-BS = 100). The new species is shown in bold font
and a coloured box. GenBank accession numbers are provided in the supplementary table (FP1274-2).
FP1274-2 List of species and GenBank accession numbers of sequences
used in this study.
Suchada Mongkolsamrit, Wasana Noisripoom & Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team,
National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng,
Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; e-mail: suchada@biotec.or.th, wasana.noi@biotec.or.th & jajen@biotec.or.th
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
506
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Starmerella xylocopis
507
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1275 – 13 July 2021
Starmerella xylocopis Gouliamova, Dimitrov, M. Groenew., M.T. Sm. & Boekhout, sp. nov.
Etymology. Xy-lo-co-pis, referring to the host Xylocopa caffra from which
this species was isolated.
Classification — Insertae sedis, Saccharomycetales, Saccharomycetes.
After 7 d at 25 °C in 4 % glucose broth, the cells are subglobose
to globose, 3–5.8 × 2.9–5.2 µm, occurring singly or in clusters.
A thin sediment and a ring are present. Asexual reproduction
occurs by multilateral budding, but with the majority of cells
having a single bud on a broad base. Short chains of adhering
yeast cells may be present. On malt extract, yeast extract agar
(MEA) yeast cells have a similar morphology and are ellipsoid,
broadly ellipsoid, subglobose, and usually with one conspicuous vacuole. After 7 d at 25 °C the colony on glucose, yeast
extract, pepton agar (GYPA) and MEA is 5 cm diam, flat, with
the centre slightly raised, smooth, shiny, cream-beige, with fine
faint transverse striations and an entire margin. The colony
on GYPA is slightly paler. Dalmau plate culture after 10 d on
morphology agar did not show pseudohyphae or true hyphae.
Ascospore production was not detected on yeast extract, malt
extract, pepton, dextrose agar (YMA), 5 % MEA, McClary acetate agar and undiluted V8 agar as single and mixed cultures.
Physiological profiles of two new strains
Fermentation — D-glucose (w,d), sucrose (w,d), α,α trehalose (w,d) are fermented. Galactose, maltose, lactose and
raffinose are not fermented.
Carbon assimilation — D-glucose, D-galactose (-,d), Lsorbose, D-glucitol, D-mannitol, D-glucono-1,5-lactone, Dgluconate, succinate (d,+), citrate, glycerol, D-ribose (d) and
α,α-trehalose (d), ribitol (-,d), 2 keto-D-gluconate (-,d), are assimilated. D-glucosamine, D-xylose, L-arabinose, D-arabinose,
L-rhamnose, maltose, methyl-α-glucoside, sucrose, cellobiose,
salicin, arbutin, melibiose, lactose, raffinose, melezitose, inulin,
soluble starch, erythritol, xylitol, L-arabinitol, galactitol, myoinositol, D-glucuronate, D-galacturonate, propane-1,2-diol,
butane-2,3-diol, quinic acid, D-glucarate, D-galactonate, DLlactate, ethanol and methanol are not assimilated.
Nitrogen assimilation — Nitrate (+,+), nitrite (+,+), ethylamine
(+,+), L-lysine (+,+) and cadaverine (+,+) are assimilated. Creatine, creatinine, N-acetyl-glucosamine and imidazole are not
assimilated.
Other tests — Growth without all vitamins is negative. Growth
without only myo-inositol (+,+), pantothenate (+,+), pyridoxine
(+,+) niacin (+,+) and PABA (+,+) is positive. Growth without
biotin, thiamin, biotin and thiamin, pyridoxine and thiamin is
negative. Growth in presence of 0.01 % and 0.1 % cycloheximide is delayed (-,d) and negative, respectively. Grow in medium containing 10 % NaCl (+,+), 16 % NaCl (+,w/v), 50 % and
60 % glucose is positive. Growth at 25 °C, 30 °C and at 35 °C
is positive. Growth at 37 °C is negative. Starch production, urea
and DBB tests are negative.
Typus. South africa, from larval feed of an Afrotropical bee Xylocopa
caffra (Apidae, Hymenoptera), J.P. van der Walt, date unknown (holotype
CBS 5659 culture preserved in a metabolically inactive state (lyophilised),
culture ex-type CBS 5659 = JCM 9436, ITS and LSU nrDNA sequences
GenBank KF181968 and AY521569, MycoBank MB 807733).
Additional material examined. South africa, from the larval pabulum of
Xylocopa scioensis, J.P. van der Walt, culture CBS 6396 = JCM 1452 = JCM
1806 = VKM Y-1692, ITS and LSU nrDNA sequences GenBank KF181965
and AY521570.
Notes — Starmerella includes 48 yeast species (http://www.
indexfungorum.org; search date 08.04.2021) that are associated with flowering plants and related insects, mainly stingless
bees (Lachance 2011). Two novel Starmerella strains associated with carpenter bees, CBS 5659 and CBS 6396, were
isolated and deposited to the CBS yeast collection by J.P. van
der Walt in 1960 and 1980, respectively. The two strains are
conspecific (99 % sequence similarity in LSU: one subst. and
100 % sequence similarity in ITS nrDNA). Phylogenetic analysis
using combined sequences of ITS and LSU nrDNAsequences
of the novel strains and closely related yeasts belonging to the
Starmerella clade placed the two strains within the subclade
of S. tilneyi CBS 8794T and S. vaccinii CBS 7318T as a sister
branch. Pairwise sequence analysis from a multiple alignment
showed that the new strains have 92.3 % sequence similarity (626 identical nt., 49 subst., 26 gaps) with S. tilneyi and
91.3 % sequence similarity (619 identical nt., 50 subst., 25
gaps) with S. vaccinii. Comparison of the physiological properties confirmed the distinction of the new strains from the
closely related yeast species S. tilneyi and S. vaccinii. The
novel strains can be distinguished from S. tilneyi based on
nine physiological characteristics. The strains can assimilate
D-ribose, α,α-trehalose, ribitol and cannot assimilate inulin,
xylitol and N-acetyl-glucosamine. Unlike S. tilneyi the strains
are able to assimilate nitrate and nitrite and are not able to grow
on medium without vitamins. Ten physiological characteristics
discriminate the new strains from S. vaccinii. The strains can
assimilate D-ribose, α,α-trehalose and ribitol. The strains are not
able to assimilate sucrose, cellobiose, salicin, arbutin, raffinose
and xylitol. Unlike S. vaccinii, the novel strains are not able to
grow at 37 °C.
100
97
100
78
96
82
74
Colour illustrations. South Africa, Camps Bay (photo credit T. Elliott,
pexels.com). Morphology of cells of Starmerella xylocopis CBS 5659 T in 5 %
glucose broth after 1 wk; female Xylocopa caffra, foraging for nectar and pollen, Gifberg, Western Cape Province, South Africa (photo credit S. Marshall,
University of Guelph, Canada). Scale bar = 5 μm.
Starmerella magnoliae CBS 166T KF181964.2/U45722
Starmerella sp. CBS 2800 KF181967/KJ630494
Starmerella
sp. CBS 2250 KF181966AY521567
60
Starmerella sorbosivorans NCYCD 2974T KJ630500/AJ277846
Starmerella geochares CBS 6870T KY630497/U48591
Starmerella spenceri CBS 11673T MW544063/AB537437
100 Starmerella xylocopis CBS 5659T KF181968/AY521569
95
54
Starmerella xylocopis CBS 6396 KF181965/ AY521570
58
Starmerella tilneyi CBS 8794T KJ630493/KJ630494
Starmerella vaccinii CBS 7318T KJ630498/KJ630499
Starmerella litoralis CBS 14104T MG272263
66
Starmerella sp. CBS 2798 KF501398/ AY521568
100 Starmerella sp. CBS 6424 KF501399/KF501397
Starmerella sp. D91WR KF856945/ KF850165
Starmerella sp. D91W JQ026357/ JQ026356
Starmerella stigmatis CBS11464T GQ184143/GQ184144
Starmerella gropingiesseri CBS156T MW544062/NG060808
Starmerella bombicola NRRLY-17069T HQ111052/U45705
Starmerella riodocensis CBS 10087T KJ630495/KJ630496
Starmerella bombi CBS 9017T AB696986/U45706
Starmerella cellae UFMG-PC04ET AY861673
Starmerella meliponinorum CBS 91117T KJ630491/KJ630492
Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRLY-12632NT AY046146/U4480
95
100
90
0.02
Phylogenetic tree obtained by the analysis of combined ITS and LSU nrDNA
sequences of Starmerella xylocopis CBS 5659 T and related species using
a neighbour-joining method (Kimura two-parameter model; MEGA v. 7; 100
bootstrap replicates).
Dilnora E. Gouliamova & Roumen Dimitrov, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,
26 Acad. Georgi Bonchev, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; e-mail: dilnorag@gmail.com & roumen.dimitrov@gmail.com
Maudy Th. Smith, Marizeth Groenewald & Teun Boekhout, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.smith@wi.knaw.nl, m.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl & t.boekhout@wi.knaw.nl
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
508
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Suillus praetermissus
509
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1276 – 13 July 2021
Suillus praetermissus Zvyagina & Svetash., sp. nov.
Etymology. ‘Praetermissus’ means overlooked, neglected. The epithet
refers to the fact that a common species of edible harvested mushroom has
so far been considered under the name of another species.
Classification — Suillaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetes.
Mature basidiomata boletoid. Pileus 5–10 cm diam, convex, flattening with age, margin floccose-appendiculate with mucous
flakes at least when young. Surface copiously viscid in wet
weather, glabrous, first evenly olivaceous-yellow, then darker,
brownish, with thin grey-brown innately radial streaks. Pores
angular, big and different in size, sinuate, greyish yellow, later
dirty olive yellow, tubes concolorous or a bit lighter. Context
fleshy, yellow with olivaceous tint. Stipe cylindrical, central,
0.8 –1 cm broad, 7–10 cm long, covered with ash grey dots
both above ring and below. Ring double, olivaceous mucous
in upper part and whitish cotton-like in lower part. Context
yellow with olive tint in young specimens and brownish in old
ones. Taste distinctly acid, especially on the slime cap surface.
Basidiospores 8.1–11.2(–12.4) × 3.0 – 4.0(– 4.2) μm, Q = 2.3–
3.2(– 3.5), ellipsoid, ovoid, inequilateral in profile, moderately
thick-walled, pale brown, smooth. Basidia 22–29 × 6.4–7.9 μm,
clavate to subclavate, hyaline or with yellowish brown context
in KOH. Cystidia 38 – 82 × 4.1– 8.6 μm, cylindrical and slightly
widened to clavate in upper part, with brown context in KOH or
sometimes hyaline, arranged in fascicles. Pileipellis ixocutis,
consisting of hyphae, 3 – 5 μm broad.
Habitat & Distribution — In groups, mainly in moist conifer
and mixed forests among mosses, mycorrhizal with Pinus subsect. Strobus. Russia (Northern Urals, Western and Eastern
Siberia), Mongolia, China and Japan. Quite common edible
mushroom harvested by local people.
Notes — The olive yellow cap and ash grey dots on the stipe
surface, as well as larger spores, distinguish S. praetermissus
from the closest species of the Suillus acidus group. According
to phylogenetic analysis, the nearest species is S. subalutaceus, p-distance is 1.8 %, 12 nucleotide substitutions per 666
alignment positions of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2. According to a microscopic examination of the type specimen of S. subalutaceus
(MICH 50221) carried out by E. Zvyagina, its spores are much
shorter with the same width. The cap surface of S. subalutaceus is ‘pinkish-buff’ (Smith & Thiers 1964). Suillus subalutaceus forms mycorrhiza with two-needle pines (Nguyen et al.
2016), while the new taxon S. praetermissus is associated with
five-needle pines. In our study all examined specimens were
collected under Pinus sibirica. However, for specimens and mycorrhizal samples from Japan, of which sequences were used
in the phylogenetic tree, an association with P. corayensis and
P. pumila was also noted. Suillus subalutaceus is an American
species, while S. praetermissus has an Asian distribution.
Typus. ruSSia, Altai Republic, Turochakskiy rayon, vicinities of Yaylyu,
сordon Chelyush, mixed delta forest with Alnus viridis subsp. fruticosa, Betula
sp., Larix sibirica, Pinus sibirica, P. sylvestris, Salix sp., N51.41° E87.79°,
28 Aug. 2018, T. Svetasheva (holotype LE312659, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MW432521 and MW888987, MycoBank MB 838637).
Additional materials examined. moNGolia, Selenga aimag, Mandal sum,
Khonin Nuga Biostation of the Mongolian State University, Sanste, N49.15°
E107.30°, mixed forests with Abies sibirica, Pinus sibirica, 29 July 2008,
A. Alexandrova, LE 235742. – ruSSia, Khanty-Mansy autonomous okrug,
Gornopravdinsk, N60.03° E69.96°, mixed forest with Abies sibirica, Picea
abies and Pinus sibirica, 21 Aug. 2009, A. Baykalova, LE312654, ITS
sequence GenBank KU059565; Khanty-Mansy autonomous okrug, Ugut,
N60.50° E74.05°, mixed forest with Betula pendula and Pinus sibirica, 19 Aug.
2019, E. Zvyagina, LE312653, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MW432520
and MW888986; Khanty-Mansy autonomous okrug, Ugut, N60.50° E74.05°,
cutting site in mixed forest with Pinus sibirica and P. silvestris, E. Zvyagina,
LE312652, ITS sequence GenBank MW432519; Tomsk Region, Orlovka,
N56.88° E84.67°, edge of the transit bog, under Pinus sibirica, 22 Aug. 2018,
T. Svetasheva & A. Dahlberg, LE312660, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MW432522 and MW888988; Altai Republic, Turochakskiy rayon, Yaylyu,
N51.77° E87.60°, mixed forests with Betula sp., Abies sibirica and Pinus
sibirica, 15 Aug. 2008, A. Kovalenko, LE312655, ITS sequence GenBank
MK568020.
Supplementary material
Colour illustrations. Mixed forest with Pinus sibirica at holotype specimen’s
location, Altai Republic, Russia. Holotype basidiomata; cystidia; spores;
pileipellis section. Scale bars = 10 µm.
FP1276 ITS rDNA phylogenetic tree obtained with MrBayes v. 3.2.5 (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003) under GTR+I+G model for 10 M generations
on the partial ITS sequence alignment (445 nucleotides including alignment gaps). The GenBank accession numbers are indicated after species
names. Novel species is indicated in a bold font in the green box. Support
values are indicated on the branches (posterior probabilities). Scale bar =
0.4 expected substitutions per site. The alignment and tree were deposited
in TreeBASE (study S27683).
Elena A. Zvyagina, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Faculty of Biology, 119234, 1, 12 Leninskie Gory Str., Moscow, Russia;
e-mail: mycena@yandex.ru
Tatiana Yu. Svetasheva, Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University, Tula, Russia; e-mail: foxtail_svett@mail.ru
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
510
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Tetraploa endophytica
511
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1277 – 13 July 2021
Tetraploa endophytica G. Delgado & Maciá-Vicente, sp. nov.
Etymology. Referring to the endophytic lifestyle of the fungus.
Classification — Tetraplosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Root endophyte isolated on culture media from surface-sterilised roots of living plants. Mycelium composed of hyaline, subhyaline, pale brown to brown, branched, septate, smooth or finely
verruculose to locally verrucose hyphae, (1.5 –)2 – 3(– 3.5) µm
wide, sometimes with swellings 5 –7 µm wide or covered with
more or less rounded, clear to brown exudates, often with intercalary or rarely terminal, short, somewhat irregular geniculations having slightly darkened lateral shoulders, forming loops
or aggregated in tightly packed, brown to dark brown cords,
up to 135 µm wide.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on malt extract agar
(MEA) moderately fast growing, reaching 16 – 25 mm diam
after 2 wk at 25 °C, dark grey, floccose at the centre with visible
mycelial cords, margin dull white, more or less diffuse, reverse
dull grey. On potato dextrose agar (PDA) reaching 23 – 25 mm
diam, velvety or somewhat cottony, whitish grey, depressed
at the centre and cottony, grey and secreting amber colour
exudate droplets, margin entire, reverse reddish brown. On
modified cellulose agar (MCA) reaching 15 –17 mm diam, flat,
somewhat cottony at the centre, grey, margin diffuse, reverse
dull grey. Cultures sterile.
Typus. GermaNy, Baden-Württemberg, Setzingen, endophytic in roots of
Microthlaspi perfoliatum (Brassicaceae) growing in a grassland, N48°33'00.0"
E10°07'12.0", 481 m a.s.l., isolated from surface-sterilised, asymptomatic
roots of a wild plant, 12 June 2013, coll. K. Glynou & J.G. Maciá-Vicente,
isol. K. Glynou, P6086 (holotype and culture ex-type permanently preserved
in a metabolically inactive state CBS 147114, ITS, LSU and tef1 sequences
GenBank KT270279, MW659165 and MW659821, MycoBank MB 839006).
Notes — Tetraploa species are characterised by distinct,
brown, smooth or verrucose conidia composed of four columns
of 2–6 cells, each one terminating in a septate, setiform appendage that tend to diverge apically from one another and are
borne on monoblastic conidiogenous cells (Ellis 1971, Whitton
et al. 2012). They are linked to massarina-like sexual morphs
and are currently placed in their own pleosporalean family,
Tetraplosphaeriaceae, along with other genera having appendiculate, tetraploa-like asexual morphs (Tanaka et al. 2009).
Some members of Tetraploa are ubiquitous and they mostly
occur on leaves or stems of monocotyledons such as bamboo,
but also on various dicotyledons. However, there are very
few reports of them as endophytes and only the widespread
T. aristata has been isolated from Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae) (Rashmi et al. 2019). Tetraploa endophytica was isolated
Colour illustrations. Grassland near Setzingen, where the sample was
taken. Colonies on MEA, surface and reverse view; mycelium with hyphal
loops; hyphal cord and loop; hypha covered with exudate droplets; finely
verruculose hypha. Scale bars = 5 µm.
during an extensive sampling for root endophytic fungi across
Europe (Glynou et al. 2016), and it is the first Tetraploa species described as a sterile, root endophyte. Our strain did not
sporulate in any of the different culture media used including
MEA, PDA, MCA or Water Agar supplemented with wooden
toothpicks. Phylogenetically, it clustered with a Tetraploa sp.
strain P1501, represented only by an ITS sequence (GenBank
KY987533.1), which is also a root endophyte isolated from
Polygonum chinense (Polygonaceae) in China (Liu et al. 2017),
and probably conspecific. Another root endophyte, Tetraploa sp.
strain M1403, isolated from Stellaria media (Caryophyllaceae)
also during the study of Liu et al. (2017), grouped sister to our
strain but without support. It occurs in a strongly supported
group with the ex-type strain of T. sasicola and an isolate of this
species obtained from a root of wild Vaccinium sp., suggesting
that some Tetraploa taxa are possibly well adapted to the root
endophytic lifestyle.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of Tetraploa
endophytica (CBS 147114) are Tetraploa sp. (strain P1501 as
Tetraplosphaeria sp., GenBank KY987533.1; Identities = 511/
512 (99 %), no gaps), Tetraploa sp. (strain M1403 as Tetraplosphaeria sp., GenBank KY987520.1; Identities = 483/510
(95 %), 11 gaps (2 %)) and Tetraploa sasicola (as Tetraplosphaeria sasicola, GenBank KX440178.1; Identities = 491/519
(95 %), 11 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are
Tetraploa sp. (strain KT 1684, GenBank AB524628.1; Identities
= 955/959 (99 %), one gap (0 %)), Tetraploa sasicola (GenBank
NG_042329.1; Identities = 951/959 (99 %), one gap (0 %))
and Tetraploa dwibahubeeja (GenBank NG_068929.1; Identities = 949/958 (99 %), one gap (0 %)). Closest hits using the
tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Tetraploa yunnanensis
(GenBank MT954406.1; Identities = 705/749 (94 %), no gaps),
Brunneofusispora sinensis (GenBank MH395329.1; Identities
= 694/751 (92 %), four gaps (0 %)) and Ernakulamia cochinensis (GenBank MT954373.1; Identities = 690/750 (92 %),
two gaps (0 %)).
Supplementary material
FP1277-1 Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree obtained from concatenated ITS and LSU rDNA sequences of Tetraploa species showing the
position of T. endophytica within the genus. The final alignment consisted
of 37 sequences and 1 309 positions including the outgroups, 514 from the
ITS alignment and 795 from the LSU. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian
inference analyses were conducted using RAxML v. 8.2.12 (Stamatakis
2014) and MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003), respectively,
on the CIPRES Science Gateway server (Miller et al. 2010). The ML analysis
employed the rapid bootstrapping algorithm using the GTRCAT model and
1 000 bootstrap iterations. Bayesian inference consisted of two independent
runs of 10 M generations sampled every 100th generation and the first 25 %
of trees discarded as burn-in. Bootstrap support values ≥ 70 % and Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥ 0.95 are indicated by numbers close to nodes
and thickened branches, respectively. The tree is rooted with Ernakulamia
cochinensis (PRC 3992) and Quadricrura bicornis (CBS 125427). The novel
Tetraploa species is highlighted in bold. The alignment and trees were
deposited in TreeBASE (study 27855).
FP1277-2 List of strains included in this study and their GenBank accession numbers.
Gregorio Delgado, Eurofins EMLab P&K Houston, 10900 Brittmoore Park Dr. Suite G, Houston, TX 77041, USA;
e-mail: gregorio.delgado@eurofinset.com
Jose G. Maciá-Vicente, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University & Research,
P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; e-mail: jose.maciavicente@wur.nl
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
512
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Teunia lichenophila
513
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1278 – 13 July 2021
Teunia lichenophila Kachalkin, M.A. Tomashevskaya & T.A. Pankratov, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for its association with lichens.
Classification — Cryptococcaceae, Tremellales, Tremellomycetes.
On glucose peptone yeast extract agar (GPYA) and 5 % malt
extract agar (MEA), after 7 d at 21 °C, streak is yellowish cream,
shiny and mucoid, with an entire margin. Cells are subglobose
to globose (3 – 6 × 4 –7 μm), occur singly or in pairs, dividing
by polar budding. Sexual structures, pseudohyphae, true hyphae and ballistoconidia have not been observed during 6 wk
at 21 °C in culture (pure cultures and in mating test) grown
on GPYA, MEA, potato dextrose agar (PDA), cornmeal agar
(CMA), McClary acetate agar. Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose (weak), sucrose, maltose, trehalose, cellobiose,
raffinose (weak), melezitose, D-xylose, L-arabinose (weak),
D-arabinose, L-rhamnose, ethanol, glycerol, ribitol, galactitol,
D-mannitol, D-glucitol, methyl alpha-D-glucoside, salicin, DLlactic acid (weak), citric acid (weak), D-glucuronate, 2-keto-Dgluconate and arbutin are assimilated; no growth occurs on
L-sorbose, melibiose, lactose, inulin, soluble starch, D-ribose,
D-glucosamine, erythritol, succinic acid, myo-inositol, 5-keto-Dgluconate and methanol. Assimilation of nitrogen compounds:
positive for ammonium sulfate and L-lysine, and negative for
potassium nitrate and cadaverine. Growth on vitamin-free medium is positive. Growth on 50 % w/w glucose / yeast extract
(0.5 %) agar, on MEA with 10 % NaCl, and with 0.01 % and
0.1 % cycloheximide is negative. Starch-like compounds are
not produced. Diazonium blue B colour and urease reactions
are positive. Maximum growth temperature is 25 °C.
GenBank MK050289; Identities = 372/430 (87 %), 17 gaps
(3 %)). The closest hit using the LSU sequence is T. helanensis
(CGMCC 2.4450T, GenBank MK050287; Identities = 495/513
(96 %), two gaps (0 %)), using SSU it is T. korlaensis (CGMCC
2.3835T, GenBank MK050286; Identities = 1 656 /1 675 (99 %),
one gap (0 %)), using tef1 it is T. rudbeckiae (CGMCC 2.5840T,
GenBank MT268695; Identities = 437/480 (91 %), 11 gaps
(2 %)) and using rpb1 the number of nucleotide substitutions
was considerable – without hits with Teunia and Kwoniella.
In agreement with results of the recent analysis of the genus
Teunia (Wang et al. 2020), the phylogenetic position of the
new species is demonstrated using the LSU rDNA phylogeny.
Results of the analysis suggest that strains KBP Y-6495 and
KBP Y-6428 belong to a new species, which occupies a basal
position in the Teunia clade. Because the new species was
distantly related to other species of the genus, a multi-locus
phylogenetic analysis of concatenated sequences of ribosomal
genes (SSU, ITS and LSU) and two protein-coding regions
(rpb1 and tef1) was performed. The Teunia clade and the strain
KBP Y-6495 received strong support in the analysis. Teunia
lichenophila sp. nov. is distinguished from the closest (according
to the multi-locus phylogenetic analysis) species T. cuniculi by
more than 10 physiological tests.
(a)
Typus. ruSSia, Tyumen Oblast, Pokachi, isolated as endophyte from Cladonia rangiferina (Cladoniaceae), July 2018, T.A. Pankratov & A.V. Kachalkin,
1184b (holotype KBP Y-6495, preserved in a metabolically inactive state,
ex-type cultures VKM Y-3062 = DSM 112086 = CBS 16716, ITS-D1/D2 domains of LSU nrDNA, SSU, tef1 and rpb1 sequences GenBank MN128421,
MW599986, HG992859 and HG992858, MycoBank MB 838989).
Additional materials examined. ruSSia, Nadym, isolated as endophyte from
C. stellaris, July 2017, T.A. Pankratov & A.V. Kachalkin, KBP Y-6428, ITS and
D1/D2 domains of LSU nrDNA sequence GenBank MN395040; Altai Krai,
isolated from C. rangiferina, July 2019, T.A. Pankratov & A.V. Kachalkin, KBP
Y-6613, ITS and D1 domain of LSU nrDNA sequence GenBank MW675809.
Notes — During a survey of yeast biodiversity associated
with Cladonia lichens, three yeast strains that are conspecific
based on ITS sequence data were isolated. Based on a
blastn search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the
closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to
Kwoniella bestiolae (strain P-14, GenBank KY366237; Identities = 425/450 (94 %), five gaps (1 %)), but this result differs
from the ex-type strain K. bestiolae (CBS 10118T, GenBank
NR_111373; Identities = 475/577 (82 %), 35 gaps (7 %)); other
best hits using the ITS sequence are ‘Fonsecazyma’ sp. from
Teunia clade (DSM 103212, GenBank KY558358; Identities =
379/438 (87 %), 19 gaps (4 %)) and K. ovata (CGMCC 2.3439T,
Colour illustrations. Russia, Tyumen Oblast, Pokachi, Cladonia lichen
ground cover. Teunia lichenophila KBP Y-6495: growth of yeast colonies
and yeast cells on MEA (after 7 d at 21 °C). Scale bar = 5 μm.
64
Teunia rosae (MK942561)
Teunia korlaensis (MK050286)
Teunia rudbeckiae (MK942559)
'Cryptococcus' sp. BI226 (EU678944)
'Fonsecazyma' sp. 5QSF22 (MK400702)
Teunia helanensis (MK050287)
'Cryptococcus heveanensis' YM25139 (JQ964208)
Teunia globosa (MK050288)
'Piskurozyma taiwanensis' CBS 9926 (KY107271)
'Fonsecazyma' sp. DSM 103212 (KY558358)
52
'Cryptococcus' sp. GJ2L06 (FJ527075)
92 'Cryptococcus' sp. CBS 10167 (EU002791)
68
89
Teunia cuniculi CBS 10309T (KY106982)
0.02
Agaricomycotina sp. IPM42-12 (AB726455)
Teunia siamensis DMKU-XD44T (LC420623)
Teunia tronadorensis (MF959620)
59
'Fonsecazyma' sp. KBP Y-5515 (MG367330)
'Kwoniella' sp. MOM 885 (HG421440)
Teunia betulae (KM408130)
61
81
'Cryptococcus' sp. CBS 10168 (EU002792)
Teunia lichenophila KBP Y-6495 (MN128421)
99 Teunia lichenophila KBP Y-6428 (MN395040)
Kwoniella shandongensis (JN160602)
Kwoniella newhampshirensis (KM408127)
Kwoniella heveanensis (AF075467)
Kwoniella shivajii (NG_042515)
Kwoniella endophytica (MH237945)
99
Kwoniella dendrophila (AF189870)
73
Kwoniella ovata (MK050289)
79
Kwoniella bestiolae (FJ534903)
Kwoniella mangrovensis (AF444742)
Kwoniella pini (EF672245)
77
Kwoniella dejecticola (AY917102)
89
Cryptococcus gattii (AF075526)
99
Cryptococcus neoformans (NG_058766)
Cryptococcus amylolentus (AF105391)
53
K. dendrophila (D31649/AF444443/AF189870/KF036320/KF037005)
K. endophytica (MH237944/MH237945/MH237945/LS992197/LS992196)
K. ovata (MK050289/MK050289/MK050289/MK849160/MK849030)
K.
bestiolae (KF036622/FJ534873/FJ534903/KF036351/KF037036)
88
K. mangrovensis (KF036681/AF444646/AF444742/KF036498/KF037175)
100
K. dejecticola (KF036629/AY917103/AY917102/KF036362/KF037047)
98
K.
pini
(KF036648/EF672246/EF672245/KF036395/KF037080)
100
K. shivajii (KF036652/FM212571/KY108204/KF036401/KF037086)
96
K. heveanensis (AB032635/AF444301/AF075467/FJ534921/KF037061)
T. lichenophila KBP Y-6495 (MW599986/MN128421/HG992858/HG992859)
T. cuniculi (KF036627/KY102622/KY106982/MN014082/MN014096)
100
T. globosa (MK050288/MK050288/MK050288/MK849235/MK849100)
100
T. helanensis (MK050287/MK050287/MK050287/MK849208/MK849074)
50
40
T. rosae (MT359917/MK942579/MK942561/MT268697/MT268694)
100 T. rudbeckiae (MT359919/MK942577/MK942559/MT268698/MT268695)
Cr. amylolentus (AB032619/AF444306/AF105391/KF036342/KF037027)
100
Cr. neoformans (HQ596559/AF444326/AF075484/KF036472/KF037151)
(b)
84
100
74
0.7
100
Maximum likelihood (ML) trees of Teunia lichenophila sp. nov. and (a) related
strains, species and genera obtained from the LSU sequence data with a
hidden outgroup containing Fonsecazyma mujuensis and (b) representatives
from genera Teunia and Kwoniella with a hidden outgroup containing Vishniacozyma victoriae and V. carnescens obtained from the combined analysis
of SSU, ITS, LSU, rpb1 and tef1 genes. The alignments included 552 bp
and 3 423 bp, respectively, and were performed with MAFFT v. 7 (Katoh et
al. 2019). The General Time Reversible model with a gamma distribution
and invariant sites was used as the best nucleotide substitution model. The
phylogenetic analysis was conducted in MEGA v. 6 (Tamura et al. 2013).
The novel species is indicated in bold font.
Aleksey V. Kachalkin, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Leninskie Gory Str. 1/12, Russia, and
All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms RAS, 142290, Pushchino,
pr. Nauki 5, Russia; e-mail: kachalkin_a@mail.ru
Maria A. Tomashevskaya, All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms RAS,
142290, Pushchino, pr. Nauki 5, Russia; e-mail: tomkotik@rambler.ru
Timofey A. Pankratov, S.N. Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
119071, Moscow, pr. 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7/2, Russia; e-mail: tpankratov@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
514
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Tubaria vulcanica
515
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1279 – 13 July 2021
Tubaria vulcanica G. Moreno, Bañares & P. Alvarado, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects its occurrence on volcanic lapilli material.
Classification — Tubariaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiocarps annual, with a central stipe. Cap 0.3–0.8 mm, paraboloid-subcampanulate, then convex, plano-convex, sometimes
subapplanate, striate up to the umbo when moist (mature basidiomes), tawny-honey in colour, pale brown in the centre,
slightly furfuraceous-micaceous, margin with remnants of a
white veil when young. Gills (lamellae = 14 –16; lamellulae =
10 –12), adnate to decurrent, distant, first concolorous with the
cap, then beige or rusty, edge paler and flocculose, excedent
(usually exceeding the margin which then appears denticulate). Stem 15 – 30 × 1 mm, almost equal or slightly narrowed
downwards, flexuous, concolorous with the cap or paler, apex
pruinose. Odour not distinctive. Basidia (2 –)4-spored, 18 –
25(– 30) × 7– 8 µm, sterigmata up to 5 µm long. Spores 6.5 –
8.8(– 9) × 4.4 – 6 µm, av. 5.3–7.7 µm Qav = 1.4 (n = 20, holotype), amygdaliform to ellipsoid, smooth, with lipid vacuoles,
frequently collapsing. Cheilocystidia (lamellae edge sterile),
lageniform to tibiiform, rarely narrowly lageniform or narrowly
cylindrical, 31– 68 × 4.5 –10 µm length × width; neck cylindrical
(2.5–3.5 µm wide), elongate; apex inflated, usually subcapitate
to capitate (up to 7 µm wide). Caulocystidia present, similar to
cheilocystidia. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis composed of
cylindrical hyphae (4 – 9(–13) µm thick) with occasional short
or inflated elements, as well as short, broadly cylindrical to lanceolate or obtuse terminal cells, not incrusted. Clamps present.
Habitat & Distribution — Gregarious on volcanic lapilii material (on fragments 5 –10 mm) used for domestic pavement.
Notes — The genus Tubaria is actually included in the family
Tubariaceae, along with Flammulaster, Phaeomarasmius and
Phaeomyces (Vizzini 2008, Vizzini et al. 2019). Tubaria vulcanica is characterised by its smooth, amygdaliform to ellipsoid
spores, and lageniform to tibiiform cheilocystidia. Its basidiomes
were found growing directly on volcanic lapilli material used for
gardening or pavement in the Canary Islands. Following Bon
(1992), T. vulcanica could be included in sect. Pallidosporae
because of its lamellae of pallid colour when young, and thin
walled, amygdaliform and not pigmented spores. Its LSU rDNA
sequence is close to one identified as Tubaria albostipitata
(GenBank EF051051, 98.24 % similar), but the new species has
a differently coloured stipe, larger spores and cheilocystidia, and
pileipellis with much broader elements. ITS rDNA is 97.55 %
similar to one sequence obtained from forest soil litter in Arkansas, USA (GenBank MK234224) and rpb2 is 84 % similar
to several undetermined sequences of Tubaria sp. (GenBank
MH618217, HQ839738, MH618216).
Typus. SpaiN, Canary Islands, Tenerife, Barranco de Las Lajas (T.M.
Tacoronte), N28°27'58.46" W16°23'11.76", 780 m, on volcanic lapilli material in an anthropic (domestic) environment in the edge of the Monteverde
vegetation, 21 Jan. 2018, Á. Bañares & O. Bermúdez (holotype TFC Mic.
25407, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences GenBank MW662647, MW662646
and MW672100; isotype in AH 49172, MycoBank MB 838918).
Additional material examined. SpaiN, Canary Islands, Tenerife, Barranco
de Las Lajas (T.M. Tacoronte), N28°27'58.46" W16°23'11.76", 780 m, on
volcanic lapilli material in an anthropic (domestic) environment in the edge
of the Monteverde vegetation, 13 Dec. 2020, TFC Mic. 25408.
Colour illustrations. Spain, Islas Canarias. Tenerife, Barranco Las Lajas,
pyroclastic fragments (lapilli) where the holotype was collected. Basidiomata;
cheilocystidia; clamps; spores under LM; spores under SEM (from the holotype). Scale bars = 0.5 cm (basidiomata), 10 μm (cheilocystidia and spores
under LM), 2.5 μm (spores under SEM).
Gabriel Moreno, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Unidad Docente de Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá,
E–28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; e-mail: gabriel.moreno@uah.es
Ángel Bañares, Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de La Laguna. Apdo. 456,
E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain; e-mail: angelb@idecnet.com
Pablo Alvarado, ALVALAB, Dr. Fernando Bongera st. Severo Ochoa bldg. S1.04, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; e-mail: pablo.alvarado@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
516
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Tuber zambonelliae
517
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1280 – 13 July 2021
Tuber zambonelliae Ant. Rodr. & Morte, sp. nov.
Notes — Tuber zambonelliae is a pale brown truffle that
clusters in the rufum clade, and is characterised by its smooth
peridium, brown gleba marbled with white and dark veins and
spiny-reticulate spores. Tuber zambonelliae resembles Tuber
nitidum, but in addition to genetic differences, T. nitidum differs
by having a basal cavity, peridium with cellular structure in the
outermost layer and smaller spores with separate and shorter
spines (Ceruti et al. 2003). Tuber requienii also resembles Tuber
zambonelliae but it has a papillose peridium and lacking dark
veins (Tulasne & Tulasne 1851).
Etymology. Named after Alessandra Zambonelli, from the University of
Bologna, mycologist and specialist in hypogeous fungi and mycorrhizae, for
her outstanding contribution to the knowledge of Tuber spp.
Classification — Tuberaceae, Pezizales, Pezizomycetes.
Ascomata hypogeous, 0.5–2 cm diam, subglobose, pale brown,
smooth, minutely pruinose. Peridium 100–200(–300) μm thick,
composed of hyaline, agglutinated, interwoven hyphae (intricate
texture). Gleba firm, solid, whitish at first, becoming pale to dark
brown at maturity, marbled with numerous, branching, white and
dark veins. Odour pleasant. Asci inamyloid, 60–70 × 40–50 μm
excluding stalk, pyriform to clavate or subglobose, with a long or
short stalk arising from a crozier, 10–40 μm long, walls 1–2 μm
thick, 1– 4(– 5)-spored. Ascospores 22 – 45 × 16 – 26 μm, Q =
1.4 –1.9, excluding ornamentation, at first hyaline, yellowish brown at maturity, ellipsoidal to ovoid, ornamented with short
spines, 1– 2 µm long, often connected by lower ridges, making
the ornamentation an irregular and incomplete spiny reticulum.
Ecology & Distribution — Tuber zambonelliae grows in Mediterranean Quercus ilex subsp. ballota forests, in limestone
mountains of the south of the Iberian Peninsula, 1 000–1 300 m
in altitude. The species occurs in spring and summer.
Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree of the T. rufum clade inferred
from ITS sequences, using RAxML-HPC v. 8 (Stamatakis 2014) on XSEDE
in the CIPRES science gateway (Miller et al. 2010). GTR + G selected as
model of evolution for analysis. The sequences obtained in the present study
are highlighted in bold and the novel species with a coloured box. Bootstrap
support values (≥ 70 %) are indicated at the nodes. Tuber spinoreticulatum
(GenBank FJ748914) was used as outgroup. The scale bar indicates the
expected changes per site. Species hypotheses for undescribed species
(Tuber sp. followed by numbers) follow the conventions of Bonito et al. (2010).
Typus. SpaiN, Albacete, Masegoso, in calcareous soil, in Quercus ilex
subsp. ballota forest (Fagaceae), 15 June 2020, E. Buendía (holotype MUB
Fung-995, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MW632951 and MW642207,
MycoBank MB 838904).
Additional materials examined. SpaiN, Albacete, Masegoso, in Quercus
ilex subsp. ballota forest, 18 June 2016, A. Rodríguez, MUB Fung-740, ITS
sequence GenBank MW632952; Alcaraz, 25 June 2016, A. Rodríguez, MUB
Fung-741, ITS sequence GenBank MW632953; Peñascosa, 30 June 2020,
A. Rodríguez, MUB Fung-1006, ITS sequence GenBank MW632954; 15 July
2020, A. Rodríguez, MUB Fung-1007, ITS sequence GenBank MW632955.
HQ204754 Tuber sp.
88
MG274258
100
Tuber sp.
MG274260
83
90
MW632955
MW632954
70
90
MG274259
98
MW632953
KM247649
90
90
GQ254858
Tuber zambonelliae sp. nov
GQ254857
71
97
81
MW632952
MW632951 holotype
DQ402504
100
FM205677
MT351082
99 HE687179
Tuber sp.
FN669286
100
MN962719
Tuber ferrugineum complex
FM205603
93
100
JF908745
Tuber sp. 56
FM205676
100
AM900439
Tuber sp. 57
JQ925650
100
99
JF926123
EF362475
100
Tuber rufum complex
FM205604
FJ809888
Tuber lucidum complex
100
MK211278
Tuber pustulatum
MK211282
100
94
JN392144
Tuber melosporum
MN962720
100
MT006095
Tuber buendiae
MT006100
100
MN962722
Tuber nitidum
MN962721
FJ748914 Tuber spinoreticulatum
0.10
Colour illustrations. Spain, Alcaraz mountain range (Albacete), Mediterranean Quercus ilex subsp. ballota forest. Ascocarps; mature ascospores.
Scale bar = 20 μm.
Antonio Rodríguez, Alfonso Navarro-Ródenas, Francisco Arenas, Almudena Gutiérrez & Asunción Morte,
Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
e-mail: antonio@trufamania.com, anr@um.es, f.arenasjimenez@um.es & amorte@um.es
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
518
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Xerochrysium bohemicum
519
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1281 – 13 July 2021
Xerochrysium bohemicum Kubátová & Hubka, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the region where the fungus was collected.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Micromorphology (on malt extract yeast extract 50 % glucose
agar; MY50G): Hyphae hyaline, 2 –10 μm diam (mean ± standard deviation: 5.7 ± 1.6), later transforming into arthroconidia;
lateral and terminal aleurioconidia abundant. All conidia hyaline, with thick, smooth wall. Arthroconidia of variable shape
and size, cylindrical, doliiform, ovoid to globose, 4.3 –14 ×
3.1–10 μm. Lateral aleurioconidia sessile or borne on short
cylindrical, funnel-shaped or swollen pedicels, subglobose
to globose. Terminal aleurioconidia pyriform, subglobose to
globose. Size of lateral and terminal conidia similar, 5.7–12.2
× 5 –10 μm (av. ± SD 7.4 ± 1.3 × 6.6 ± 1). No sexual morph
observed.
Culture characteristics (at 25 °C after 7/14 d, in darkness) —
Colonies on MY50G 16 –18 /38 – 42 mm diam, velutinous, mycelium whitish, margins fimbriate, sporulation heavy, reverse
uncoloured, later yellowish to brownish in the centre. Colonies
on malt extract 20 % sucrose agar (MA20S) 4 – 5/14 mm diam,
velutinous, mycelium dense, white, sporulation heavy, reverse
uncoloured, later brownish in the centre. Colony diam (in mm
after 7 d) at 15 °C on MY50G 2–3 and on MA20S no growth; at
20 °C on MY50G 10 –11 and on MA20S 2; at 30 °C on MY50G
21– 24 and on MA20S 2. Optimum temperature for growth is
25–30 °C. Growth on malt extract agar (MEA) is very restricted
and absent on Czapek yeast extract agar (CYA). No growth at
37 °C.
5.8S + ITS2 + LSU
Typus. cZech republic, Prague, surface of biscuits with chocolate glaze
and filled with jam (similar to Jaffa cakes), 2007, J. Jirešová (holotype PRM
954080, culture ex˗type CCF 3693 = CBS 147157, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MW798184 and MW798180, MycoBank MB 839239).
Notes — BLAST analyses with the ITS and LSU region
of Xerochrysium bohemicum showed greatest similarity with
isolates of X. xerophilum (~94.8 % / ~99.4 %), X. dermatitidis (~93.8 % / ~98.4 %) and Xeromyces bisporus (~89.6 % /
~98.2 %).
Xerochrysium bohemicum is morphologically similar to X. dermatitidis and X. xerophilum, but grows more rapidly. Xerochrysium bohemicum and X. xerophilum differ from X. dermatitidis
by almost complete differentiation of vegetative hyphae into
intercalary arthroconidia (Pitt et al. 2013).
[KC989721] FRR 4956
[KC989720] FRR 4957
[KC989712] FRR 4958
Xerochrysium xerophilum
82
0.01
[KC989719] FRR 4953
99
[JF922023] CBS 153.67T
[MW798184, MW798180] CCF 3693T
X. bohemicum
[MH866606] CBS 132.31T
100
[KC989724] FRR 2357
X. dermatitidis
[JF922024] CBS 297.95
[JF922022] Xeromyces bisporus FRR 0525T
Colour illustrations. Biscuits with chocolate glaze and filled with jam.
Fourteen-day-old colonies on MY50G and MA20S (6 cm Petri dish); conidiophores and conidia (scanning electron microscopy, phase contrast,
differential interference contrast). Scale bars = 10 μm.
A best scoring maximum likelihood tree based on the region containing 5.8S,
ITS2 and LSU sequences. The dataset contained 15 taxa and a total of 1 402
characters of which 79 were variable and 21 parsimony-informative. The
tree was constructed with IQ-TREE v. 1.4.4 (Nguyen et al. 2015), substitution model TN+F+I was used. Support values at branches were obtained
from 1 000 bootstrap replicates; only bootstrap support values ≥ 70 % are
shown; ex-type strains are indicated by superscript T. The tree is rooted with
Xeromyces bisporus.
Alena Kubátová, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic;
e-mail: kubatova@natur.cuni.cz
Vit Hubka, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic and
Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic;
e-mail: vit.hubka@gmail.com
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
520
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Fusarium juglandicola
521
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1282 – 13 July 2021
Fusarium juglandicola L. Lombard & Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. From the Latin iuglandis, walnut, referring to the substrate
that this fungus was isolated from.
revealed several strains also related to F. salinense, which were
included in the present study.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Fusarium juglandicola nested within the F. citricola species
complex. Similar to F. celtidicola, F. citricola and F. salinense, this slow-growing species only forms monophialidic
conidiogenous cells in culture, and produces up to 5-septate
sporodochial conidia (Sandoval-Denis et al. 2018, Shang et
al. 2018). However, F. juglandicola is easily distinguished from
F. celtidicola, F. citricola and F. salinense by the lack of aerial
microconidia and absence of chlamydospore formation. Additionally, F. juglandicola does not produce red pigments when
incubated under continuous white light as has been reported
for the other three species in this complex (Sandoval-Denis et
al. 2018, Shang et al. 2018).
Conidiophores on aerial mycelium 10 – 95 μm tall, unbranched
or rarely irregularly or sympodially branched and proliferating,
bearing terminal single phialides or whorls of 2 – 3 phialides,
commonly reduced to solitary conidiogenous cells borne laterally on hyphae; aerial conidiogenous cells monophialides,
subulate to subcylindrical, smooth- and thin-walled, 11– 33 ×
3 – 5 μm, proliferating percurrently, periclinal thickening and
collarettes often inconspicuous or absent. Aerial microconidia
not observed. Sporodochial conidiophores 18 – 24 μm tall, irregularly branched, bearing terminal solitary or whorls of 2 – 3
phialides. Sporodochial conidiogenous cells monophialidic,
doliiform, subulate to subcylindrical, smooth- and thin-walled,
(8–)10–14(–17) × 3–4.5(–6) μm. Sporodochial conidia straight
to moderately curved, tapering towards the basal part, apical
cell more or less equally sized than the adjacent cell, curved to
hooked; basal cell well-developed, foot-shaped, rarely papillate,
(1–)3–4(–5)-septate, hyaline, thin- and smooth-walled: 1-septate conidia: 41– 44 × 4 – 5 μm; 3-septate conidia: (37–)39.5 –
44.5(–47) × (4–)4.5–5.5(–6) μm (av. 42 × 5 μm); 4-septate conidia: (41–)42–48(–53) × (4–)4.5–5.5(–6) μm (av. 45 × 5 μm);
5-septate conidia: (45 –)47– 51(– 53) × (4 –)4.5 – 5.5(– 6) μm
(av. 49 × 5 μm), overall: (37–)41.5– 48.5(– 53) × (4 –)4.5 – 5.5
(– 6) μm (av. 45 × 5 μm). Chlamydospores not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on potato dextrose agar
reaching 25 – 45 mm diam at 25 °C after 7 d. Surface white to
pale luteus, flat, woolly to cottony with radial patches of white
aerial mycelium, margin regular and filiform. Reverse white to
pale luteus. On oatmeal agar pale luteus, flat, membranous,
margin regular. Reverse pale luteus.
Typus. fraNce, Rhone-Alps region, from bud of Juglans regia (Juglandaceae), 2017, P. Nodet (holotype CBS H-24770, culture ex-type CBS 147773
= CPC 37962 = UBOCC-A-119001, ITS, LSU, CaM, rpb1, rpb2 and tef1
sequences GenBank MZ064461.1, MZ064519.1, MZ078174.1, MZ078190.1,
MZ078215.1 and MZ078243.1, MycoBank MB 839621).
Additional materials examined. fraNce, from Juniperus sp. (Cupressaceae), 2001, LUBEM collector, culture CBS 147774 = CPC 37956 =
UBOCC-A-101147, ITS, LSU, CaM, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank
MZ064462.1, MZ064520.1, MZ078175.1, MZ078216.1 and MZ078244.1;
from eggs, 2002, LUBEM collector culture CBS 147775 = CPC 37957 =
UBOCC-A-102014, ITS, LSU, CaM, rpb1, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank
MZ064463.1, MZ064521.1, MZ078176.1, MZ078191.1, MZ078217.1 and
MZ078245.1.
Notes — Fusarium juglandicola was repeatedly isolated from
walnut (fruits or flower buds), and based on tef1 sequences,
initially considered closely related to F. lateritium. Later, these
isolates were considered much closer to F. salinense. Following
this reclassification, a re-examination of some strains (UBOCC
collection) initially classified as closely related to F. lateritium,
Colour illustrations. Juglans regia with fruit growing in France (photo
credit P. Nodet). Sporodochia on carnation leaf agar; aerial conidiophores
and lateral monophialides on aerial mycelium on SNA; sporodochial conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hit using the ITS sequence had the highest similarity to Fusarium lateritium (strain BBA 65248, GenBank
AF310980.1; Identities = 571/572 (99 %), no gaps), Fusarium
tricinctum (strain 05009, GenBank MG274297.1; Identities =
570/572 (99 %), no gaps) and Fusarium citricola (strain CPC
27813, GenBank LT746246.1; Identities = 570/572 (99 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Fusarium
lateritium (strain CBS 253.61, GenBank MH869608.1; Identities
= 897/898 (99 %), no gaps), Fusarium lateritium (strain CBS
189.31, GenBank MH866630.1; Identities = 896/897 (99 %),
no gaps) and Fusarium equiseti (strain CBS 125827, GenBank
MH875256.1; Identities = 897/899 (99 %), no gaps). Closest
hits using the CaM sequence are Fusarium avenaceum (strain
p12.56.2016, GenBank MK547650.1; Identities = 561/611
(92 %), eight gaps (1 %)), Fusarium flocciferum (strain NRRL
45999, GenBank GQ505401.1; Identities = 539/579 (93 %),
seven gaps (1 %)) and Fusarium sp. (strain NRRL 36147,
GenBank GQ505389.1; Identities = 530/576 (92 %), eight gaps
(1 %)). Closest hits using the rpb1 sequence are Fusarium
salinense (strain CPC 26457, GenBank LT46285.1; Identities
= 714/738 (97 %), one gap (0 %)), Fusarium pietersiae (strain
CBS 143231, GenBank MG386138.1; Identities = 699 / 738
(95 %), one gap (0 %)) and Fusarium flocciferum (strain NRRL
45999, GenBank HM347195.1; Identities = 651/ 686 (95 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence are Fusarium
salinense (strain IT 2345, GenBank MT212199.1; Identities
= 886 /902 (98 %), no gaps), Fusarium citricola (strain CPC
27813, GenBank LT746311.1; Identities = 880 /902 (98 %), no
gaps) and Fusarium flocciferum (strain NRRL 52714, GenBank
MH582363.1; Identities = 832/857 (97 %), no gaps). Closest hits
using the tef1 sequence are Fusarium sp. (strain ICMP 1793,
GenBank MG857157.1; Identities = 643/643 (100 %), no gaps),
Fusarium citricola (strain CPC 27069, GenBank LT746195.1;
Identities = 632 /646 (98 %), five gaps (0 %)) and Fusarium
lateritium (strain MAFF 235344, GenBank AB674281.1; Identities = 629 /646 (97 %), seven gaps (1 %)).
Supplementary material
FP1282 & 1283 The maximum likelihood consensus tree inferred from the
combined rpb1, rpb2 and tef1 sequence alignment using RAxML v. 8.2.9
(Stamatakis 2014).
Lorenzo Lombard & Pedro W. Crous, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: l.lombard@wi.knaw.nl & p.crous@wi.knaw.nl
José F. Cobo-Diaz, Gaetan Le Floch & Patrice Nodet, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversite et Ecologie Microbienne, ESIAB, Univ. Brest,
F-29280 Plouzane, France; e-mail: josecobo1983@gmail.com, gaetan.lefloch@univ-brest.fr & patrice.nodet@univ-brest.fr
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
522
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Fusarium aconidiale
523
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 1283 – 13 July 2021
Fusarium aconidiale L. Lombard & Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to an absence of aerial microconidia produced
in culture by this fungus.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiophores on aerial mycelium 30–115 μm tall, unbranched
or rarely irregularly or sympodially branched and proliferating,
bearing terminal single phialides or whorls of 2 – 3 phialides,
commonly reduced to solitary conidiogenous cells borne laterally on hyphae; aerial conidiogenous cells monophialides,
subulate to subcylindrical, smooth- and thin-walled, 14 – 28 ×
3 – 5 μm, proliferating percurrently, periclinal thickening and
collarettes often inconspicuous or absent. Aerial microconidia
not observed. Sporodochial conidiophores 23 – 38 μm tall, irregularly branched, bearing terminal solitary or whorls of 2 – 3
phialides. Sporodochial conidiogenous cells monophialidic,
doliiform, subulate to subcylindrical, smooth- and thin-walled,
(11–)13 –17(– 21) × 3 – 5 μm. Sporodochial conidia straight to
moderately curved, tapering towards the basal part, apical cell
more or less equally sized than the adjacent cell, curved to
hooked; basal cell well-developed, foot-shaped, rarely papillate, 3(–5)-septate, hyaline, thin- and smooth-walled: 3-septate
conidia: (36–)41–49(–53) × 4–5 μm (av. 45 × 4 μm); 4-septate
conidia: 46 – 52(– 56) × 4 – 5 μm (av. 49 × 5 μm); 5-septate
conidia: 52 – 60 (– 61) × 5 – 6 μm (av. 56 × 5 μm), overall:
(36 –)42 – 53(– 61) × (4 –) 4.5 – 5.5(– 6) μm (av. 47 × 5 μm).
Chlamydospores not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on potato dextrose agar
reaching 15 – 40 mm diam at 25 °C after 7 d. Surface white to
rosy buff, flat, woolly to cottony with radial patches of white aerial
mycelium, margin regular and filiform. Reverse white to pale
rosy buff. On oatmeal agar pale rosy buff, flat, membranous,
margin effuse. Reverse colourless.
Typus. fraNce, from Triticum aestivum (Poaceae), 2008, A. Weill (holotype
CBS H-24769, culture ex-type CBS 147772 = CPC 37959 = UBOCC-A-109005,
ITS, LSU, CaM, rpb1, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank MZ064464.1,
MZ064522.1, MZ078177.1, MZ078192.1, MZ078218.1 and MZ078246.1,
MycoBank MB 839622).
Notes — Fusarium aconidiale is phylogenetically closely
related to F. celtidicola and F. juglandicola in the F. citricola
species complex (FCCSC; Sandoval-Denis et al. 2018, Shang
et al. 2018). Similar to F. juglandicola, this species does not
produce red pigment under continuous white light nor any
chlamydospores or aerial microconidia, distinguishing it from
other members of the FSSCS. However, F. aconidiale produces
predominantly 3-septate sporodochial conidia and much less
frequently 4- and 5-septate sporodochial conidia compared to
F. juglandicola.
Colour illustrations. Triticum aestivum field in South Africa (photo credit
G. van Coller). Sporodochia on carnation leaf agar; aerial conidiophores
and lateral monophialides on aerial mycelium on SNA; sporodochial conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hit using the ITS sequence had the highest similarity to Fusarium lateritium (strain BBA 65248, GenBank AF310980.1; Identities = 584/588 (99 %), one gap (0 %),
Cordyceps sinensis (strain SANMEI, GenBank AB067719.1;
Identities = 583/588 (99 %), no gaps) and Fusarium lateritium
(strain HMA-1, GenBank GU480949.1; Identities = 582/588
(99 %), one gap (0 %). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are
Fusarium lateritium (strain CBS 253.61, GenBank MH869608.1;
Identities = 897/898 (99 %), one gap (0 %)), Fusarium lateritium (strain CBS 189.31, GenBank MH866630.1; Identities =
896/897 (99 %), no gaps) and Fusarium equiseti (strain CBS
125827, GenBank MH875256.1; Identities = 897/899 (99 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the CaM sequence are Fusarium
flocciferum (strain NRRL 45999, GenBank GQ505401.1;
Identities = 539/579 (93 %), seven gaps (1 %)), Fusarium
avenaceum (strain p12.56.2016, GenBank MK547650.1; Identities = 550/598 (92 %), seven gaps (0 %)) and Fusarium sp.
(strain NRRL 36147, GenBank GQ505389.1; Identities = 530/
576 (92 %), eight gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the rpb1 sequence are Fusarium salinense (strain CPC 26457, GenBank
LT46285.1; Identities = 674/700 (96 %), one gap (0 %)), Fusarium pietersiae (strain CBS 143231, GenBank MG386138.1;
Identities = 658/700 (94 %), one gap (0 %)) and Fusarium flocciferum (strain NRRL 45999, GenBank HM347195.1; Identities = 629 /667 (94 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the rpb2
sequence are Fusarium salinense (strain IT 2345, GenBank
MT212199.1; Identities = 888 /902 (98 %), no gaps), Fusarium
citricola (strain CPC 27813, GenBank LT746311.1; Identities =
882 /902 (98 %), no gaps) and Fusarium citricola (strain CPC
27805, GenBank LT746310.1; Identities = 882 /902 (98 %), no
gaps). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence are Fusarium sp.
(strain ICMP 5227, GenBank MG857225.1; Identities = 642/642
(100 %), no gaps), Fusarium sp. (strain ICMP 5661, GenBank
MG857291.1; Identities = 633 /646 (98 %), seven gaps (1 %))
and Fusarium sp. (strain ICMP 1793, GenBank MG857157.1;
Identities = 633 /646 (98 %), seven gaps (1 %)).
Supplementary material
FP1282 & 1283 The maximum likelihood consensus tree inferred from the
combined rpb1, rpb2 and tef1 sequence alignment using RAxML v. 8.2.9
(Stamatakis 2014). The robustness of the analysis was evaluated by bootstrap support (BS) with the number of bootstrap replicates automatically
determined by the software. The combined sequence dataset included 19
ingroup taxa with Fusarium heterosporum (CBS 391.68) as outgroup. The
dataset consisted of 4 177 characters including gaps. Additionally, MrBayes
v. 3.2.1 (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003) was used for BI to generate phylogenetic trees under optimal criteria for each locus. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo
(MCMC) algorithm of four chains was initiated in parallel from a random tree
topology with the heating parameter set at 0.3. The MCMC analysis lasted
until the average standard deviation of split frequencies was below 0.01 with
trees saved every 1 000 generations. The first 25 % of saved trees were discarded as the ‘burn-in’ phase and posterior probabilities (PP) were determined
from the remaining trees. Support values (BS & PP values) are indicated
at the branches. The scale bar indicates 0.04 expected changes per site.
Lorenzo Lombard & Pedro W. Crous, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: l.lombard@wi.knaw.nl & p.crous@wi.knaw.nl
Amelie Weill, UBOCC, ESIAB, Univ. Brest, F-29280 Plouzane, France; e-mail: Amelie.Weill@univ-brest.fr
Gaetan Le Floch, Patrice Nodet, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversite et Ecologie Microbienne, ESIAB, Univ. Brest,
F-29280 Plouzane, France; e-mail: gaetan.lefloch@univ-brest.fr & patrice.nodet@univ-brest.fr
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
524
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
REFERENCES
Abad ZG, Abad JA, Creswell T. 2002. Advances in the integration of morphological and molecular chraraterization in Phytophthora genus: The case of
P. kelmania and other putative new species. Phytopathology 92 (6 suppl):
S1.
Abad ZG, Burgess T, Bienapfl JC, et al. 2019. IDphy: Molecular and morphological identification of Phytophthora based on the types. USDA APHIS PPQ
S&T Beltsville Lab, USDA APHIS PPQ S&T ITP, Centre for Phytophthora
Science and Management, and World Phytophthora Collection. https://
idtools.org/id/phytophthora/index.php <different dates in 2020>.
Abdollahzadeh J, Groenewald JZ, Coetzee MPA, et al. 2020. Evolution of
lifestyles in Capnodiales. Studies in Mycology 95: 381– 414.
Akaike H. 1974. A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE
Transactions on Automatic Control 19: 716 –723.
Alcorn JL 1982. Ovariicolous bipolaris species on Sporobolus and other
grasses. Mycotaxon 15: 20 – 48.
Ames LM. 1949. New cellulose destroying fungi isolated from military material
and equipment. Mycologia 41: 637‒ 648.
Ariyawansa HA, Maharachchikumbura SS, Karunarathne SC, et al. 2013.
Deniquelata barringtoniae gen. et sp. nov., associated with leaf spots of
Barringtonia asiatica. Phytotaxa 105: 11– 20.
Ariyawansa HA, Phookamsak R, Tibpromma S, et al. 2014. A molecular
and morphological reassessment of Diademaceae. The Scientific World
Journal: 675348.
Ariyawansa HA, Thambugala KM, Manamgoda DS, et al. 2015. Towards a
natural classification and backbone tree for Pleosporaceae. Fungal Diversity 71: 85 –139.
Arora D, Frank JL. 2014. Clarifying the butter Boletes: a new genus, Butyriboletus, is established to accommodate Boletus sect. Appendiculati, and
six new species are described. Mycologia 106: 464 – 480.
Badali H, Gueidan C, Najafzadeh MJ, et al. 2008. Biodiversity of the genus
Cladophialophora. Studies in Mycology 61: 175 –191.
Baiswar P, Ngachan S, Rymbai H, et al. 2014. Simplicillium lanosoniveum,
a hyperparasite on Aecidium elaeagni-latifoliae in India. Australasian Plant
Disease Notes 9: 144 –149.
Ballará J, Cadiñanos-Aguirre JA, Campos JC, et al. 2009. Cortinarius
íbero-insulares-2. Fungi non Delineati. Pars XLVIII-XLIX: 33 – 35. Edizioni
Candusso, Alassio (SV).
Ballarà J, Suárez E, Mahiques R, et al. 2017. Cortinarius iunii, una nueva
especie de la sección Bovini. The Journal of the Journées européennes
du Cortinaire 19: 11– 27.
Bandini D, Oertel B, Schüssler C, et al. 2020. Noch mehr Risspilze: Fünfzehn
neue und zwei wenig bekannte Arten der Gattung Inocybe. Mycologia
Bavarica 20: 13 –101.
Baral H-O. 1987. Lugol’s solution / IKI versus Melzer’s reagent: hemiamyloidity, a universal feature of the ascus wall. Mycotaxon 29: 399 – 450.
Bas C. 1999. Hydropus Kuhner ex Singer. In: Bas C, Kuyper TW, Noordeloos ME, et al. (eds), Flora Agaricina Neerlandica 4: 166 –173. Rotterdam,
Balkema.
Bensch K, Braun U, Groenewald JZ, et al. 2012. The genus Cladosporium.
Studies in Mycology 72: 1– 401.
Bensch K, Groenewald JZ, Braun U, et al. 2015. Common but different:
The expanding realm of Cladosporium. Studies in Mycology 82: 23 –74.
Bensch K, Groenewald JZ, Dijksterhuis J, et al. 2010. Species and ecological diversity within the Cladosporium cladosporioides complex (Davidiellaceae, Capnodiales). Studies in Mycology 67: 1– 94.
Bensch K, Groenewald JZ, Meijer M, et al. 2018. Cladosporium species in
indoor environments. Studies in Mycology 89: 177– 301.
Berraf-Tebbal A, Bouznad Z, Santos JM, et al. 2011. Phaeoacremonium
species associated with Eutypa dieback and esca of grapevines in Algeria.
Phytopathologia Mediterranea 50: S86 – S97.
Bezerra JDP, Oliveira RJV, Paiva LM, et al. 2017. Bezerromycetales and
Wiesneriomycetales ord. nov. (class Dothideomycetes), with two novel
genera to accommodate endophytic fungi from Brazilian cactus. Mycological Progress 16: 297– 309.
Bidaud A, Carteret X, Eyssartier G, et al. 2002. Atlas des Cortinaires XII.
Éditions Fédération mycologique Dauphiné Savoie, Marlioz, France.
Bidaud A, Carteret X, Eyssartier G, et al. 2004. Atlas des Cortinaires XIV.
Éditions Fédération mycologique Dauphiné Savoie, Marlioz, France.
Bidaud A, Moënne-Loccoz P, Reumaux P, et al. 2009. Atlas des Cortinaires
XVIII. Éditions Fédération mycologique Dauphiné Savoie, Marlioz, France.
Bien S, Damm U. 2020. Arboricolonus simplex gen. et sp. nov. and novelties
in Cadophora, Minutiella and Proliferodiscus from Prunus wood in Germany.
MycoKeys 2020 63: 119 –161.
Bien S, Kraus C, Damm U. 2020. Novel collophorina-like genera and species from Prunus trees and vineyards in Germany. Persoonia 45: 46 – 67.
Boehm EWA, Mugambi GK, Miller AN, et al. 2009. A molecular phylogenetic
reappraisal of the Hysteriaceae, Mytilinidiaceae and Gloniaceae (Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes) with keys to world species. Studies
in Mycology 64: 49 – 83.
Boertmann D. 2010. The genus Hygrocybe, 2nd revised edition. Danish
Mycological Society, Copenhagen.
Bon M. 1992. Clé monographique des especes Galero-Naucorioides. Documents Mycologiques 84: 1– 89.
Bonito GM, Gryganskyi AP, Trappe JM, et al. 2010. A global meta-analysis
of Tuber ITS rDNA sequences: species diversity, host associations and
long-distance dispersal. Molecular Ecology 19: 4994 – 5008.
Bonthond G, Sandoval-Denis M, Groenewald JZ, et al. 2018. Seiridium
(Sporocadaceae): an important genus of plant pathogenic fungi. Persoonia
40: 96 –118.
Bragança CAD, Damm U, Baroncelli R, et al. 2016. Species of the Colletotrichum acutatum complex associated with anthracnose diseases of fruit
in Brazil. Fungal Biology 120: 547– 561.
Brandrud TE, Dima B, Liimatainen K, et al. 2017. Telamonioid Cortinarius
species of the C. puellaris group from calcareous Tilia forests. Sydowia
69: 37– 45.
Brandrud TE, Lindström H, Marklund H, et al. 1989. Cortinarius Flora Photographica. Vol. I (Swedish version). Cortinarius HB, Matfors, Sweden.
Brandrud TE, Lindström H, Marklund H, et al. 1992. Cortinarius Flora Photographica. Vol. II (Swedish version). Cortinarius HB, Matfors, Sweden.
Brandrud TE, Lindström H, Marklund H, et al. 1994. Cortinarius Flora Photographica. Vol. III (Swedish version). Cortinarius HB, Matfors, Sweden.
Brandrud TE, Lindström H, Marklund H, et al. 1998. Cortinarius Flora Photographica. Vol. IV (Swedish version). Cortinarius HB, Matfors, Sweden.
Brandrud TE, Lindström H, Marklund H, et al. 2012. Cortinarius Flora Photographica. Vol. V (Swedish version). Cortinarius HB, Matfors, Sweden.
Brayford D, Chapman AU. 1987. Cylindrocladium ilicicola on cuttings of
evergreen ornamental shrubs in the UK. Plant Pathology 36: 413 – 414.
Cabral A, Groenewald JZ, Rego C, et al. 2012. Cylindrocarpon root rot:
multi-gene analysis reveals novel species within the Ilyonectria radicicola
species complex. Mycological Progress 11: 655 – 688.
Câmara MP, Ramaley AW, Castlebury LA, et al. 2003. Neophaeosphaeria
and Phaeosphaeriopsis, segregates of Paraphaeosphaeria. Mycological
Research 107: 516 – 522.
Castresana J. 2000. Selection of conserved blocks from multiple alignments
for their use in phylogenetic analysis. Molecular Biology and Evolution
17: 540 – 552.
Ceruti A, Fontana A, Nosenzo C. 2003. Le specie europee del genere Tuber: una revisione storica. Vol. 37. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali,
Turin, Italy.
Chen CC, Chen CY, Lim YW, et al. 2020. Phylogeny and taxonomy of
Ceriporia and other related taxa and description of three new species.
Mycologia 112: 64 – 82.
Chen WH, Liu C, Han YF, et al. 2019. Three novel insect-associated species
of Simplicillium (Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales) from Southwest China.
MycoKeys 58: 83 –102.
Clements FE. 1909. The genera of fungi. The HW Wilson Company.
Consiglio G, Setti L. 2008. Il genere Crepidotus in Europa. A.M.B. Fondazione
Centro Studi Micologici, Vincenza.
Cordeiro TRL, Nguyen TTT, Lima DX, et al. 2020. Two new species of the
industrially relevant genus Absidia (Mucorales) from soil of the Brazilian
Atlantic Forest. Acta Botanica Brasilica 34: 549 – 558.
Crous PW, Braun U, Schubert K, et al. 2007a. Delimiting Cladosporium from
morphologically similar genera. Studies in Mycology 58: 33 – 56.
Crous PW, Carnegie AJ, Wingfield MJ. et al. 2019a. Fungal Planet description
sheets: 868 – 950. Persoonia 42: 291– 473.
Crous PW, Cowan DA, Maggs-Kölling G, et al. 2020a. Fungal Planet description sheets: 1112 –1181. Persoonia 45: 251– 409.
Crous PW, Gams W. 2000. Phaeomoniella chlamydospora gen. et comb.
nov., a causal organism of Petri grapevine decline and esca. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 39: 112 –118.
Crous PW, Groenewald JZ, Himaman W. 2007b. Falcocladium thailandicum.
In: Crous PW, Seifert KA, Samson RA, et al. (eds), Fungal Planet – A
Global Initiative to promote the Study of Fungal Biodiversity. CBS, Utrecht,
Netherlands. Fungal Planet No. 18.
Crous PW, Groenewald JZ, Summerell B. 2007c. Exophiala placitae. In:
Crous PW, Seifert KA, Samson RA, et al. (eds), Fungal Planet – A Global
Initiative to promote the Study of Fungal Biodiversity. CBS, Utrecht, Netherlands. Fungal Planet No. 17.
Crous PW, Groenewald JZ, Wingfield MJ, et al. 2003. The value of ascospore
septation in separating Mycosphaerella from Sphaerulina in the Dothideales: a Saccardoan myth? Sydowia 55: 136 –152.
Fungal Planet description sheets
Crous PW, Hernández-Restrepo M, Schumacher RK, et al. 2021. New and
interesting fungi. 4. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 7: 255 – 343.
Crous PW, Lennox CL, Sutton BC. 1995. Selenophoma eucalypti and Stigmina robbenensis spp. nov. from Eucalyptus leaves on Robben Island.
Mycological Research 99: 648 – 652.
Crous PW, Luangsa-ard JJ, Wingfield MJ, et al. 2018a. Fungal Planet description sheets: 785 – 867. Persoonia 41: 238 – 417.
Crous PW, Schubert K, Braun U, et al. 2007d. Opportunistic, human-pathogenic species in the Herpotrichiellaceae are phenotypically similar to saprobic or phytopathogenic species in the Venturiaceae. Studies in Mycology
58: 185 – 217.
Crous PW, Schumacher RK, Akulov A, et al. 2019b. New and interesting
fungi. 2. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 3: 57–134.
Crous PW, Schumacher RK, Wingfield MJ, et al. 2018b. New and interesting
fungi. 1. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 1: 169 – 215.
Crous PW, Shivas RG, Quaedvlieg W, et al. 2014a. Fungal Planet description
sheets: 214 – 280. Persoonia 32: 184 – 306.
Crous PW, Tanaka K, Summerell BA, et al. 2011. Additions to the Mycosphaerella complex. IMA Fungus 2: 49 – 64.
Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Burgess TI, et al. 2016. Fungal Planet description
sheets: 469 – 557. Persoonia 37: 218 – 403.
Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Burgess TI, et al. 2017. Fungal Planet description
sheets: 625 –715. Persoonia 39: 270 – 467.
Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Cheewangkoon R, et al. 2019c. Foliar pathogens
of eucalypts. Studies in Mycology 94: 125 – 298.
Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Groenewald JZ. 2009. Niche sharing reflects a
poorly understood biodiversity phenomenon. Persoonia 22: 83 – 94.
Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Guarro J, et al. 2015a. Fungal Planet description
sheets: 320 – 370. Persoonia 34: 167– 266.
Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Le Roux JJ, et al. 2015b. Fungal Planet description
sheets: 371– 399. Persoonia 35: 264 – 327.
Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Lombard L, et al. 2019d. Fungal Planet description
sheets: 951–1041. Persoonia 43: 223 – 425.
Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Mansilla JP, et al. 2006. Phylogenetic reassessment
of Mycosphaerella spp. and their anamorphs occurring on Eucalyptus. II.
Studies in Mycology 55: 99 –131.
Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Schumacher RK, et al. 2014b. Fungal Planet description sheets: 281– 319. Persoonia 33: 212 – 289.
Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Schumacher RK, et al. 2020b. New and interesting fungi. 3. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 6: 157– 231.
Damm U, Cannon PF, Woudenberg JHC, et al. 2012a. The Colletotrichum
acutatum species complex. Studies in Mycology 73: 37–113.
Damm U, Cannon PF, Woudenberg JHC, et al. 2012b. The Colletotrichum
boninense species complex. Studies in Mycology 73: 1– 36.
Damm U, Fourie P, Crous PW. 2010. Coniochaeta (Lecythophora), Collophora gen. nov. and Phaeomoniella species associated with wood necroses
of Prunus trees. Persoonia 24: 60 – 80.
Damm U, Sato T, Alizadeh A, et al. 2019. The Colletotrichum dracaenophilum, C. magnum and C. orchidearum species complexes. Studies in
Mycology 92: 1– 46.
Darriba D, Taboada GL, Doallo R, et al. 2012. jModelTest 2: more models,
new heuristics and parallel computing. Nature Methods 9: 772.
Das K, Sharma JR, Verbeken A. 2003. New species of Lactarius from Kumaon
Himalaya, India. Mycotaxon 88: 333 – 342.
De Almeida DAC, Gusmão LFP, Miller AN. 2016. Taxonomy and molecular
phylogeny of Diatrypaceae (Ascomycota, Xylariales) species from the
Brazilian semi-arid region, including four new species. Mycological Progress 15: 53.
De Crop E, Nuytinck J, Van de Putte K, et al. 2014. Lactifluus piperatus
(Russulales, Basidiomycota) and allied species in Western Europe and
a preliminary overview of the group worldwide. Mycological Progress 13:
493 – 511.
De Gruyter J, Woudenberg JHC, Aveskamp MM, et al. 2010. Systematic
reappraisal of species in Phoma section Paraphoma, Pyrenochaeta and
Pleurophoma. Mycologia 102: 1066 –1081.
De Hoog GS. 1972. The genera Beauveria, Isaria, Tritirachium and Acrodontium gen. nov. Studies in Mycology 1: 1– 41.
Dennis RWG. 1950. Karsten’s species of Mollisia. Kew Bulletin 5: 171–187.
Dubrulle G, Pensec F, Picot A, et al. 2020. Phylogenetic diversity and effect
of temperature on pathogenicity of Colletotrichum lupini. Plant Disease
104: 938 – 950.
Edler D, Klein J, Antonelli A, et al. 2021. raxmlGUI 2.0: A graphical interface
and toolkit for phylogenetic analyses using RAxML. Methods in Ecology
and Evolution 12: 373 – 377.
Egidi E, De Hoog GS, Isola D, et al. 2014. Phylogeny and taxonomy of
meristematic rock-inhabiting black fungi in the Dothideomycetes based on
multi-locus phylogenies. Fungal Diversity 65: 127–165.
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
525
Ekanayaka AH, Hyde KD, Gentekaki E, et al. 2019. Preliminary classification
of Leotiomycetes. Mycosphere 10: 310 – 489.
Ellis MB. 1971. Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. CABI Publishing, Wallingford.
Erdoğdu M, Özbek MU. 2017. First record of Phaeoseptoria and new species
records on Carex for Turkey. Plant Pathology & Quarantine 7: 154 –158.
Fassatiová O. 1986. Moulds and filamentous fungi in technical microbiology.
Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Garrido-Benavent I, Ballarà J, Mahiques R. 2014. Cortinarius cadi-aguirrei,
un nou tàxon de la secció Fulvescentes Melot. The Journal of the Journées
européennes du Cortinaire 16: 24 – 34.
Gelardi M, Angelini C, Costanzo F, et al. 2021. Outstanding pinkish brownspored neotropical Boletes: Austroboletus subflavidus and Fistulinella
gloeocarpa (Boletaceae, Boletales) from the Dominican Republic. Mycobiology 49: 24 – 45.
Gierczyk B, Kubiński R. 2019. The first report of Pleuroflammula ragazziana
in Poland. Acta Mycologica 54: 1121.
Glynou K, Ali T, Buch A-K, et al. 2016. The local environment determines the
assembly of root endophytic fungi at a continental scale. Environmental
Microbiology 18: 2418 – 2434.
Gorfer M, Blumhoff M, Klaubauf S, et al. 2011. Community profiling and gene
expression of fungal assimilatory nitrate reductases in agricultural soil. The
ISME Journal 5: 1771–1783.
Gräfenhan T, Schroers HJ, Nirenberg HI, et al. 2011. An overview of the
taxonomy, phylogeny, and typification of nectriaceous fungi in Cosmospora, Acremonium, Fusarium, Stilbella, and Volutella. Studies in Mycology
68: 79 –113.
Gramaje D, Mostert L, Groenewald JZ, et al. 2015. Phaeoacremonium:
From esca disease to phaeohyphomycosis. Fungal Biology 119: 759–783.
Guarro J, Gené J, Stchigel AM, et al. 2012. Atlas of soil ascomycetes. CBS
Biodiversity Series no. 10. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht,
the Netherlands.
Guindon S, Gascuel O. 2003. A simple, fast, and accurate algorithm to
estimate large phylogenies by maximum likelihood. Systematic Biology
55: 696 –704.
Guindon S, Lethiec F, Duroux P, et al. 2010. PHYML Online – a web server
for fast maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic inference. Nucleic Acids
Research 33 (Web Server issue): W557– W559.
Han JG, Hosoya T, Sung GH, et al. 2014. Phylogenetic reassessment of
Hyaloscyphaceae sensu lato (Helotiales, Leotiomycetes) based on multigene analyses. Fungal Biology 118: 150 –167.
Hansen EM, Maxwell DP. 1991. Species of the Phytophthora megasperma
complex. Mycologia 83: 376 – 381.
Hansen EM, Wilcox WF, Reeser PW, et al. 2009. Phytophthora rosacearum
and P. sansomeana, new species segregated from the Phytophthora megasperma ‘complex’. Mycologia 101: 129 –135.
Harrington AH, Del Olmo-Ruiz M, U’Ren JM, et al. 2019. Coniochaeta
endophytica sp. nov., a foliar endophyte associated with healthy photosynthetic tissue of Platycladus orientalis (Cupressaceae). Plant and Fungal
Systematics 64: 65 –79.
He F, Lin B, Sun J, et al. 2013. Knufia aspidiotus sp. nov., a new black yeast
from scale insects. Phytotaxa 153: 39 – 50.
Heilmann-Clausen J, Verbeken A, Vesterholt J. 1998. The genus Lactarius
(Fungi of Northern Europe, Vol. 2). Danish Mycological Society, Copenhagen.
Hennings P. 1901. Beiträge zur Flora von Afrika. XXI. Fungi. camerunenses
novi. III. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik Pflanzengeschichte und
Pflanzengeographie 30: 39 – 57.
Hernández-Restrepo M, Gené J, Castañeda-Ruiz RF, et al. 2017. Phylogeny of saprobic microfungi from Southern Europe. Studies in Mycology
86: 53 – 97.
Hernández-Restrepo M, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW. 2016. Taxonomic and
phylogenetic re-evaluation of Microdochium, Monographella and Idriella.
Persoonia 36: 57– 82.
Hesler LR. 1967. Entoloma in southeastern North America. Beihefte Nova
Hedwigia 23: 1– 245. Cramer, Germany.
Hesler LR, Smith AH. 1963. North American species of Hygrophorus. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, Tennessee.
Hesler LR, Smith AH. 1965. North American species of Crepidotus. Hafner
Publishing Company, New York.
Hesler LR, Smith AH. 1979. North American species of Lactarius. Ann Arbor,
University of Michigan.
Hesseltine CW, Ellis JJ. 1964. The genus Absidia: Gongronella and cylindrical-spored species of Absidia. Mycologia 56: 568 – 601.
Hoang DT, Chernomor O, Von Haeseler A, et al. 2018. UFBoot2: Improving
the ultrafast bootstrap approximation. Molecular Biology and Evolution
35: 518 – 522.
526
Holubová-Jechová V. 1978. Lignicolous hyphomycetes from Czechoslovakia
5. Septonema, Hormiactella, and Lylea. Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica 13: 421– 442.
Hongsanan S, Zhao RL, Hyde KD. 2017. A new species of Chaetothyrina
on branches of mango, and introducing Phaeothecoidiellaceae fam. nov.
Mycosphere 8: 137–146.
Horak E. 1978. Pleuroflammula. Persoonia 9: 439 – 451.
Horak E. 1986. Beiträge zur Systematik und Oekologie von Pleuroflammula
(Agaricales, Fungi). Veröffentlichungen des Geobotanischen Institutes der
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule 87: 35.
Horak E. 2018. Fungi of New Zealand. Volume 6. Agaricales (Basidiomycota)
of New Zealand. 2. Brown spored genera p.p. Crepidotus, Flammulaster,
Inocybe, Phaeocollybia, Phaeomarasmius, Pleuroflammula, Pyrrhoglossum, Simocybe, Tubaria and Tympanella. Westerdijk Biodiversity Series
16: 1– 205.
Houbraken J, Kocsubé S, Visagie, et al. 2020. Classification of Aspergillus,
Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): an overview
of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species. Studies in
Mycology 95: 5 –169.
Hubka V, Réblová M, Řehulka J, et al. 2014. Bradymyces gen. nov. (Chaetothyriales, Trichomeriaceae), a new ascomycetous genus accommodating poorly differentiated melanized fungi. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 106:
979 – 992.
Huelsenbeck JP, Ronquist F. 2001. MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics 17: 754 –755.
Isola D, Zucconi L, Onofri S, et al. 2016. Extremotolerant rock inhabiting
black fungi from Italian monumental sites. Fungal Diversity 76: 75 – 96.
Jančovičova S, Adamčik S. 2012. Entoloma jahnii (Fungi, Agaricales) reported from Slovakia and notes on differences with E. byssisedum. Czech
Mycology 64: 209 – 222.
Jayasiri SC, Hyde KD, Jones EBG, et al. 2019. Diversity, morphology and
molecular phylogeny of Dothideomycetes on decaying wild seed pods and
fruits. Mycosphere 10: 1–186.
Johnston PR, Quijada L, Smith CA, et al. 2019. A multigene phylogeny toward
a new phylogenetic classification of Leotiomycetes. IMA Fungus 10: 1– 22.
Kalyaanamoorthy S, Minh BQ, Wong TKF, et al. 2017. ModelFinder: Fast
model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. Nature Methods 14:
587– 589.
Katoh K, Rozewicki J, Yamada KD. 2019. MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization. Briefings
in Bioinformatics 20: 1160 –1166.
Katoh K, Standley DM. 2013. MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software
version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Molecular Biology
and Evolution 30: 772 –780.
Khan Z, Gené J, Ahmad S, et al. 2013. Coniochaeta polymorpha, a new
species from endotracheal aspirate of a preterm neonate, and transfer of
Lecythophora species to Coniochaeta. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 104:
243 – 252.
Knapp DG, Kovács GM, Zajta E, et al. 2015. Dark septate endophytic pleosporalean genera from semiarid areas. Persoonia 35: 87–100.
Kobmoo N, Mongkolsamrit S, Tasanathai K, et al. 2012. Molecular phylogenies reveal host-specific divergence of Ophiocordyceps unilateralis sensu
lato following its host ants. Molecular Ecology 21: 3022 – 3031.
Kornerup A, Wanscher JH. 1978. Methuen handbook of colour. 3rd ed.
London: Eyre Methuen.
Kozlov AM, Darriba D, Flouri T, et al. 2019. RAxML-NG: a fast, scalable and
user-friendly tool for maximum likelihood phylogenetic inference. Bioinformatics 35: 4453 – 4455.
Kraus C, Damm U, Bien S, et al. 2020. New species of Phaeomoniellales from
a German vineyard and their potential threat to grapevine (Vitis vinifera)
health. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 6: 139 –155.
Krieglsteiner L. 2004. Ascomycetenfunde während des Seminars an der
Schwarzwälder Pilzlehrschau vom 23. bis 27. Juni 2003. Zeitschrift für
Mykologie 70: 49 – 58.
Kubátová A. 2006. Chaetomium in the Czech Republic and notes to three
new records. Czech Mycology 58: 155 ‒171.
Kühner R, Romagnesi H. 1953. Flore analytique des champignons superieus
(Agarics, Bolets, Chanterelles). Paris.
Kumar AM, Vrinda KB, Pradeep CK. 2018a. Two new species of Crepidotus
(Basidiomycota, Agaricales) from peninsular India. Phytotaxa 372: 67–78.
Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, et al. 2018b. MEGA X: molecular evolutionary
genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and
Evolution 35: 1547–1549.
Kumar S, Stecher G, Tamura K. 2016. MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Molecular Biology and
Evolution 33: 1870 –1874.
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Kurtzman CP. 1995. Relationships among the genera Ashbya, Eremothecium, Holleya and Nematospora determined from rDNA sequence divergence. Journal of Industrial Microbiology 14: 523 – 530.
Kurtzman CP, Fell JW, Boekhout T, et al. 2011. Methods for isolation, phenotypic characterization and maintenance of yeasts. In: Kurtzman CP, Fell JW,
Boekhout T (eds), The yeasts (fifth edition): 87–110. Elsevier.
Kurtzman CP, Robnett CJ. 2003. Phylogenetic relationships among yeasts
of the ‘Saccharomyces complex’ determined from multigene sequence
analyses. FEMS Yeast Research 3: 417– 432.
Kurtzman CP, Robnett CJ, Basehoar E, et al. 2018. Four new species of
Metschnikowia and the transfer of seven Candida species to Metschnikowia
and Clavispora as new combinations. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111:
2017– 2035.
Kušan I, Matočec N, Antonić O, et al. 2014. Biogeographical variability and
re-description of an imperfectly known species Hamatocanthoscypha
rotundispora (Helotiales, Hyaloscyphaceae). Phytotaxa 170: 1–12.
Kuyper TW. 1986. A revision of the genus Inocybe in Europe. I. Subgenus
Inosperma and the smooth-spored species of subgenus Inocybe. Persoonia
Supplement 3: 1– 247.
Kytövuori I, Niskanen T, Liimatainen T, et al. 2005. Cortinarius sordidemaculatus and two new related species, C. anisatus and C. neofurvolaesus, in
Fennoscandia (Basidiomycota, Agaricales). Karstenia 45: 33 – 49.
Lachance MA. 2011. Starmerella Rosa & Lachance (1998). In: Kurtzman CP,
Fell JW, Boekhout T (eds), The yeasts, a taxonomic study, vol II: 811– 815.
Elsevier, New York.
Lachance MA. 2016. Metschnikowia: half tetrads, a regicide and the fountain
of youth. Yeast 33: 563 – 574.
Læssøe T. 2008. Hydropus Singer. In: Knudsen H, Vesterholt J (eds), Funga
Nordica: Agaricoid, boletoid and cyphelloid genera: 282–285. Nordsvamp,
Copenhagen.
Le Gal M, Mangenot MF. 1958. Contribution à l’étude des Mollisioȉdées. II.
(1re série). Revue de Mycologie 23: 28 – 86.
Le Gal M, Mangenot MF. 1961. Contribution à l’étude des Mollisioȉdées. IV.
(3e série). Revue de Mycologie 26: 263 – 331.
Lechat C, Crous PW, Groenewald JZ. 2010. The enigma of Calonectria
species occurring on leaves of Ilex aquifolium in Europe. IMA Fungus 1:
101–108.
Li DM, Chen XR. 2010. A new superficial fungal infection caused by Coniosporium epidermidis. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
63: 725 –727.
Li GJ, Hyde KD, Zhao RL, et al. 2016. Fungal diversity notes 253 –366:
taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa. Fungal Diversity
78: 1– 237.
Liang J, Li G, Zhao M, et al. 2019. A new leaf blight disease of turfgrasses
caused by Microdochium poae, sp. nov., Mycologia 111: 265 – 273.
Liimatainen K, Niskanen T, Dima B. 2020. Mission impossible completed:
unlocking the nomenclature of the largest and most complicated subgenus
of Cortinarius, Telamonia. Fungal Diversity 104: 291– 331.
Lima DX, Cordeiro TR, De Souza CA, et al. 2020. Morphological and
molecular evidence for two new species of Absidia from Neotropic soil.
Phytotaxa 446: 61–71.
Lin CG, Bhat DJ, Liu JK, et al. 2019. The genus Castanediella. MycoKeys
51: 1–14.
Liu F, Cai L. 2012. Morphological and molecular characterization of a novel
species of Simplicillium from China. Cryptogamie Mycologie 33: 137–144.
Liu F, Wang J, Li H, et al. 2019. Setophoma spp. on Camellia sinensis. Fungal
Systematics and Evolution 4: 43 – 57.
Liu H, Li T, Ding Y, et al. 2017. Dark septate endophytes colonizing the roots of
‘non-mycorrhizal’ plants in a mine tailing pond and in a relatively undisturbed
environment, Southwest China. Journal of Plant Interactions 12: 264–271.
Liu Q, Li JQ, Wingfield MJ, et al. 2020. Reconsideration of species boundaries and proposed DNA barcodes for Calonectria. Studies in Mycology
97: 100106.
Lodge DJ, Padamsee M, Matheny PB, et al. 2014. Molecular phylogeny,
morphology, pigment chemistry and ecology in Hygrophoraceae (Agaricales). Fungal Diversity 64: 1– 99.
Lombard L, Houbraken J, Decock C, et al. 2016. Generic hyper-diversity in
Stachybotriaceae. Persoonia 36: 156 – 246.
Lombard L, Van der Merwe NA, Groenewald JZ, et al. 2015. Generic concepts
in Nectriaceae. Studies in Mycology 80: 189 – 245.
Luttrell ES. 1976. Ovarian infection of Sporobolus poiretii by Bipolaris ravenelii. Phytopathology 66: 260 – 268.
MacKenzie SJ, Peres NA, Barquero MP, et al. 2009. Host range and genetic
relatedness of Colletotrichum acutatum isolates from fruit crops and leatherleaf fern in Florida. Phytopathology 99: 620 – 631.
Magnago AC, Neves MA, Da Silveira BRM. 2017. Fistulinella ruschii, sp.
nov., and a new record of Fistulinella campinaranae var. scrobiculata for
the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Mycologia 109: 1003 –1013.
Fungal Planet description sheets
Mahiques R, Mateos A, Reyes JD, et al. 2013. Algunos Cortinarius de Sierra
Mágina y Despeñaperros (Jaén). I. Lactarius 22: 7– 49.
Marin-Felix Y, Hernández-Restrepo M, Iturrieta-González I, et al. 2019a.
Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 3. Studies in Mycology 94:
1–124.
Marin-Felix Y, Hernández-Restrepo M, Wingfield MJ, et al. 2019b. Genera
of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 2. Studies in Mycology 92: 47–133.
Melot J. 1990. Une classification du genre Cortinarius (Pers.) S.F. Gray.
Documents Mycologiques 20: 43 – 59.
Meng W, Damodara B, Li W, et al. 2017. Molecular phylogeny of Neodevriesia, with two new species and several new combinations. Mycologia 109:
965 – 974.
Miller MA, Pfeiffer W, Schwartz T. 2010. Creating the CIPRES Science
Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees. In: Proceedings of the
Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE), 14 Nov. 2010, New
Orleans: 1– 8.
Minh BQ, Nguyen MA, Von Haeseler A. 2013. Ultrafast approximation for
phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution 30: 1188 –1195.
Mishra B, Thines M. 2014. siMBa – a simple graphical user interface for the
Bayesian phylogenetic inference program MrBayes. Mycological Progress
13: 1255 –1258.
Molia A, Larsson E, Jeppson M, et al. 2020. Elaphomyces section Elaphomyces (Eurotiales, Ascomycota) – taxonomy and phylogeny of North European
taxa, with the introduction of three new species. Fungal Systematics and
Evolution 5: 283 – 300.
Moreno-Arroyo B, Llistosella J, De la Osa LR. 2002. Gymnomyces sublevisporus (Russulales), una nueva especie de la región mediterránea. Revista
Catalana de Micologia 24: 179 –186.
Morgan-Jones G. 1975. Notes on hyphomycetes. VIII. Lylea, a new genus.
Mycotaxon 3: 129 –132.
Morozova OV, Malysheva EV, Popov ES, et al. 2015. Macromycetes of the
Izborsk-Maly Valley, rare and new to the Pskov Region. Novosti Sistematiki
Vysshikh i Nizshikh Rastenii 49: 186 – 203.
Moser M. 1978. Die Röhrlinge und Blätterpilze, 4th edition. In: Gams H (ed),
Kleine Kryptogamenflora IIb/2. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.
Moser M. 1983. Die Röhrlinge und Blätterpilze. In: Gams H (ed), Kleine
Kryptogamenflora, Band IIb/2, 5th edn. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany.
Moser M. 2001. Rare, debated and new taxa of the genus Cortinarius (Agaricales). Fungi Delineati 15: 1– 57.
Moser M, Horak E. 1975. Cortinarius Fr. und nahe verwandte Gattungen in
Südamerika. Beihefte Nova Hedwigia 52: 1– 628.
Moser M, McKnight KH, Ammirati JF. 1995. Studies on North American Cortinarii I. New and interesting taxa from the greater Yellowstone area. Mycotaxon 55: 301– 346.
Mostert L, Groenewald JZ, Summerbell RC, et al. 2006. Taxonomy and pathology of Togninia (Diaporthales) and its Phaeoacremonium anamorphs.
Studies in Mycology 54: 1–115.
Munsell Soil Color Charts. 1954 edition. Munsell Color, Baltimore, Maryland,
USA.
Nasr S, Bien S, Soudi MR, et al. 2018. Novel Collophorina and Coniochaeta
species from Euphorbia polycaulis, an endemic plant in Iran. Mycological
Progress 17: 755 –771.
Nguyen L-T, Schmidt HA, Von Haeseler A, et al. 2015. IQ-TREE: A fast and
effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution 32: 268 – 274.
Nguyen NH, Vellinga EC, Bruns TD, et al. 2016. Phylogenetic assessment of
global Suillus ITS sequences supports morphologically defined species and
reveals synonymous and undescribed taxa. Mycologia 108: 1216 –1228.
Nirenberg HI, Feiler U, Hagedorn G. 2002. Description of Colletotrichum
lupini comb. nov. in modern terms. Mycologia 94: 307– 320.
Niskanen T, Kytövuori I, Liimatainen K. 2009. Cortinarius sect. Brunnei (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in North Europe. Mycological Research 113:
182 – 206.
Niskanen T, Kytövuori I, Liimatainen K, et al. 2013. Cortinarius section Bovini
(Agaricales, Basidiomycota) in northern Europe, conifer associated species.
Mycologia 105: 977– 993.
Nonaka K, Kaifuchi S, Omura S, et al. 2013. Five new Simplicillium species
(Cordycipitaceae) from soils in Tokyo, Japan. Mycoscience 54: 42 – 53.
Noordeloos ME. 1984. Studies in Entoloma 10–13. Persoonia 12: 193–122.
Noordeloos ME. 1987. Entoloma (Agaricales) in Europe. Synopsis and keys
to all species and a monograph of the subgenera Trichopilus, Inocephalus,
Alboleptonia, Leptonia, Paraleptonia, and Omphaliopsis. Beihefte zur Nova
Hedwigia 91: 1– 419.
Noordeloos ME. 1988. Entoloma in North America. The species described
by L.R. Hesler, A.H. Smith & S.J. Mazzer: type-species and comments.
Cryptogamic Studies, Vol. 2. Gustav Fisher Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany.
Noordeloos ME. 1992. Entoloma s.l. Fungi Europaei, vol. 5. Giovanna Biella,
Saronno, Italy.
© 2021 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
527
Noordeloos ME. 2004. Entoloma s.l. Fungi Europaei, vol. 5a. Edizione Candusso, Italy.
Orton PD. 1960. New check-list of British Agarics and Boleti. Part 3: Notes
on genera and species in the list. Transactions of the British Mycolological
Society Supplement 43: 159 – 439.
Parmelee JA. 1956. The identification of the Curvularia parasite of Gladiolus.
Mycologia 48: 558 – 567.
Paz A, Bellanger JM, Lavoise C, et al. 2017. The genus Elaphomyces (Ascomycota, Eurotiales): a ribosomal DNA-based phylogeny and revised systematics of European ‘deer truffles’. Persoonia 38: 197– 239.
Pethybridge GH. 1913. On the rotting of potato tubers by a new species of
Phytophthora having a method of sexual reproduction hitherto undescribed.
Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society 13: 529 – 565.
Pethybridge GH, Lafferty HA. 1919. A disease of tomato and other plants
caused by a new species of Phytophthora. Scientific Proceedings of the
Royal Dublin Society 15: 487– 503.
Phukhamsakda C, McKenzie EHC, Phillips AJL, et al. 2020. Microfungi associated with Clematis (Ranunculaceae) with an integrated approach to
delimiting species boundaries. Fungal Diversity 102: 1– 203.
Pitt JI, Lantz H, Pettersson OV, et al. 2013. Xerochrysium gen. nov. and
Bettsia, genera encompassing xerophilic species of Chrysosporium. IMA
Fungus 4: 229 ‒ 241.
Quaedvlieg W, Binder M, Groenewald JZ, et al. 2014. Introducing the Consolidated Species Concept to resolve species in the Teratosphaeriaceae.
Persoonia 33: 1– 40.
Quaedvlieg W, Verkley GJM, Shin H-D, et al. 2013. Sizing up Septoria. Studies
in Mycology 75: 307– 390.
Quélet L 1886. Les Champignons du Jura et des Vosges. C. r. Ass. Franc.
Av. Sci. (Grenoble, 1885): 446.
Ramírez C, Martínez AT. 1981. Seven new species of Penicillium and a new
variety of Penicillium novae-caledoniae Smith. Mycopathologia 74: 35–49.
Rashmi M, Kushveer JS, Sarma VV. 2019. A worldwide list of endophytic
fungi with notes on ecology and diversity. Mycosphere 10: 798 –1079.
Rayner RW. 1970. A mycological colour chart. Commonwealth Mycological
Institute, Kew and British Mycological Society.
Raza M, Zhang Z-F, Hyde KD, et al. 2019. Culturable plant pathogenic fungi
associated with sugarcane in southern China. Fungal Diversity 99: 1–104.
Ridgway R. 1912. Color standards and color nomenclature. Ridgway, Washington, DC.
Ronquist F, Huelsenbeck JP. 2003. MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19: 1572 –1574.
Ronquist F, Teslenko M, Van der Mark P, et al. 2012. MrBayes 3.2: efficient
Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model
space. Systematic Biology 61: 539 – 542.
Safaiefarahani B, Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa RSTJ, Hardy GSJ, et al.
2015. Re-evaluation of the Phytophthora cryptogea species complex and
the description of a new species, Phytophthora pseudocryptogea sp. nov.
Mycological Progress 14: 108.
Salom JC, Esteve-Raventós F. 2011. Phaeomarasmius siquierii (Agaricoid
clade, Tubariaceae), a new Mediterranean resupinate species found in
Formentera (Balearic Islands, Spain). Micologia e Vegetazione Mediterranea 26: 29 – 36.
Samarakoon BC, Wanasinghe DN, Phookamsak R, et al. 2021. Stachybotrys
musae sp. nov., S. microsporus, and Memnoniella levispora (Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales) Found on Bananas in China and Thailand. Life 11: 323.
Samuels GJ. 1977. Nectria consors and its Volutella conidial state. Mycologia
69: 255 – 262.
Sandoval-Denis M, Gené J, Sutton DA, et al. 2016. New species of Cladosporium associated with human and animal infections. Persoonia 36:
281– 298.
Sandoval-Denis M, Guarnaccia V, Polizzi G, et al. 2018. Symptomatic Citrus
trees reveal a new pathogenix lineage in Fusarium and two new Neocosmospora species. Persoonia 40: 1– 25.
Schiller M, Lübeck M, Sundelin T, et al. 2006. Two subpopulations of Colletotrichum acutatum are responsible for anthracnose in strawberry and
leatherleaf fern in Costa Rica. European Journal of Plant Pathology 116:
107–118.
Segeth MP, Bonnefoy A, Broenstrup M, et al. 2003. Coniosetin, a novel
tetramic acid antibiotic from Coniochaeta ellipsoidea DSM 13856. The
Journal of Antibiotics 56: 114 –122.
Séguy E. 1936. Encyclopedie Pratique du Naturaliste, 30. Paul Lechevalier,
Paris.
Shang QJ, Phookamsak R, Camporesi E, et al. 2018. The holomorph of
Fusarium celtidicola sp. nov. from Celtis australis. Phytotaxa 361: 251–265.
Shivas RG, Smith MW, Marney TS, et al. 2005. First record of Nematospora
coryli in Australia and its association with dry rot of Citrus. Australasian
Plant Pathology 34: 99 –101.
528
Shoemaker RA, Babcock CE. 1989. Phaeosphaeria. Canadian Journal of
Botany 67: 1500 –1599.
Shoemaker RA, Babcock CE. 1992. Applanodictyosporous Pleosporales:
Clathrospora, Comoclathris, GraphyIlium, Macrospora, and Platysporoides.
Canadian Journal of Botany 70: 1617–1658.
Singer R. 1947. ‘The Boletoideae of Florida with notes on extralimital species
III’. American Midland Naturalist 37: 1–135.
Smith AH, Hesler LR. 1968. The North American species of Pholiota. Hafner
Publishing Co., New York, USA.
Smith AH, Thiers HD. 1964. A contribution toward a monograph of the North
American species of Suillus (Boletaceae). Lubrecht & Cramer, Ann Arbor,
Michigan.
Sousa TF, Dos Santos AO, Da Silva FMA, et al. 2020. Arcopilus amazonicus
(Chaetomiaceae), a new fungal species from the Amazon rainforest native
plant Paullinia cupana. Phytotaxa 456: 145 –156.
Spies CFJ, Moyo P, Halleen F, et al. 2018. Phaeoacremonium species diversity on woody hosts in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Persoonia 40: 26 – 62.
Stamatakis A. 2014. RAxML version 8: A toll for phylogenetic analysis and
post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30: 1312 –1313.
Sun W, Su L, Yang S, et al. 2020. Unveiling the hidden diversity of rockinhabiting fungi: Chaetothyriales from China. Journal of Fungi 6: 187.
Svrček M. 1987. New or less known Discomycetes. XVI. Česká Mykologie
41: 88 – 96.
Swofford DL. 2003. PAUP*. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and
other methods). Version 4. Sinauer Associates. Sunderland, MA.
Tamura K, Nei M. 1993. Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions
in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees.
Molecular Biology and Evolution 10: 512 – 526.
Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, et al. 2013. MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 6.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution
30: 2725 – 2729.
Tan YP, Crous PW, Shivas RG. 2018. Cryptic species of Curvularia in the
culture collection of the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium. MycoKeys 35: 1– 25.
Tanaka K, Hirayama K, Yonezawa H, et al. 2009. Molecular taxonomy of
bambusicolous fungi: Tetraplosphaeriaceae, a new pleosporalean family
with Tetraploa-like anamorphs. Studies in Mycology 64: 175 – 209.
Tanaka K, Hirayama K, Yonezawa H, et al. 2015. Revision of the Massarineae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Studies in Mycology 82: 75 –136.
Tanney JB, Seifert KA. 2020. Mollisiaceae: An overlooked lineage of diverse
endophytes. Studies in Mycology 95: 293 – 380.
Tennakoon DS, Thambugala KM, Wanasinghe DN, et al. 2020. Additions
to Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales): Elongaticollum gen. nov., Ophiosphaerella taiwanensis sp. nov., Phaeosphaeriopsis beaucarneae sp.
nov. and a new host record of Neosetophoma poaceicola from Musaceae.
MycoKeys 70: 59 – 88.
Thambugala KM, Ariyawansa HA, Li Y, et al. 2014. Dothideales. Fungal
Diversity 68: 105 –158.
Trifinopoulos J, Nguyen L-T, Von Haeseler A, et al. 2016. W-IQ-TREE: a fast
online phylogenetic tool for maximum likelihood analysis. Nucleic Acids
Research: 44 (W1): W232 – W235.
Tsui CKM, Leung YM, Hyde KD, et al. 2001. Three new Ophioceras species
(Ascomycetes) from the tropics. Mycoscience 42: 321– 326.
Tsuneda A, Currah RS. 2005. Pleomorphic conidiogenesis among strains of
Knufia cryptophialidica. Canadian Journal of Botany 83: 510 – 517.
Tsuneda A, Hambleton S, Currah RS. 2011. The anamorph genus Knufia
and its phylogenetically allied species in Coniosporium, Sarcinomyces,
and Phaeococcomyces. Botany 89: 523 – 536.
Tucker CM. 1931. Taxonomy of the genus Phytophthora de Bary. Research
Bulletin of the Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station 153: 207.
Tulasne LR, Tulasne C. 1851. Fungi Hypogaei, Histoire et Monographie des
Champignons Hypogés. F. Klincksieck (ed.), Paris, France.
Untereiner WA, Gueidan C, Orr MJ, et al. 2011. The phylogenetic position
of the lichenicolous ascomycete Capronia peltigerae. Fungal Diversity
49: 225 – 233.
Vasco-Palacios AM, Lopez-Quintero CA, Franco-Molano AE, et al. 2014.
Austroboletus amazonicus sp. nov. and Fistulinella campinaranae var.
scrobiculata, two commonly occurring boletes from a forest dominated by
Pseudomonotes tropenbosii (Dipterocarpaceae) in Colombian Amazonia.
Mycologia 106: 1004 –1014.
Persoonia – Volume 46, 2021
Verbeken A, Van de Putte K, De Crop E. 2012. New combinations in Lactifluus, 3: L. subgenera Lactifluus and Piperati. Mycotaxon 120: 443 – 450.
Verwoerd L, Du Plessis SJ. 1931. Descriptions of some new species of South
African fungi and species not previously recorded from South Africa. III.
South African Journal of Science 28: 290 – 297.
Vidal JM, Alvarado P, Loizides M, et al. 2019. A phylogenetic and taxonomic
revision of sequestrate Russulaceae in Mediterranean and temperate
Europe. Persoonia 42: 127–185.
Videira SIR, Groenewald JZ, Braun U, et al. 2016. All that glitters is not Ramularia. Studies in Mycology 83: 49 –163.
Videira SIR, Groenewald JZ, Nakashima C, et al. 2017. Mycosphaerellaceae
– chaos or clarity? Studies in Mycology 87: 257– 421.
Vizzini A. 2008. Novitates. Tubariaceae fam. nov. Rivista di Micologia 51:
174.
Vizzini A, Consiglio G, Marchetti M. 2019. Mythicomycetaceae fam. nov.
(Agaricineae, Agaricales) for accommodating the genera Mythicomyces and
Stagnicola, and Simocybe parvispora reconsidered. Fungal Systematics
and Evolution 3: 41– 56.
Voitk A, Saar I, Lodge J, et al. 2020. New species and reports of Cuphophyllus from northern North America compared with related Eurasian species.
Mycologia 112: 438 – 452.
Von Arx JA, Guarro J, Figueras MJ. 1986. The ascomycete genus Chaetomium. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 84: 1‒162.
Walsh E, Luo J, Zhang N. 2014. Acidomelania panicicola gen. et sp. nov.
from switchgrass roots in acidic New Jersey pine barrens. Mycologia 106:
856 – 864.
Wanasinghe DN, Phukhamsakda C, Hyde KD, et al. 2018. Fungal diversity
notes 709 – 839: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa
with an emphasis on fungi on Rosaceae. Fungal Diversity 89: 1– 236.
Wang GS, Zhou Y, Xue L, et al. 2020. Teunia rosae sp. nov. and Teunia
rudbeckiae sp. nov. (Cryptococcaceae, Tremellales), two novel basidiomycetous yeast species isolated from flowers. International Journal of
Systematics and Evolutionary Microbiology 70: 5394 – 5400.
Wang H-J, Gloer JB, Scott JA, et al. 1995. Coniochaetones A and B: new
antifungal benzopyranones from the coprophilous fungus Coniochaeta
saccardoi. Tetrahedron Letters 36: 5847– 5850.
Wang XW, Houbraken J, Groenewald JZ, et al. 2016. Diversity and taxonomy of Chaetomium and chaetomium-like fungi from indoor environments.
Studies in Mycology 84: 145 – 224.
Watling R. 1975. Observations on the Bolbitiaceae 11: A species of Bolbitius
with ornamented basidiospores. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden.
Edinburgh 34: 241– 244.
Watling R. 1987. Observations on the Bolbitiaceae – 30. Agaricus callistus
Peck. Mycologia 79: 310 – 313.
Wei DP, Wanasinghe DN, Hyde KD, et al. 2019. The genus Simplicillium.
MycoKeys 60: 69 – 92.
Whitton SR, McKenzie EHC, Hyde KD. 2012. Anamorphic Fungi associated
with Pandanaceae. In: Whitton SR, McKenzie EHC, Hyde KD (eds), Fungi
associated with Pandanaceae: 125 –353. Springer, Dordrecht.
Xia J-W, Ma Y-R, Zhang X-G. 2014. New species of Corynesporopsis and
Lylea from China. Sydowia 66: 241– 248.
Xie J, Strobel GA, Feng T, et al. 2015. An endophytic Coniochaeta velutina
producing broad spectrum antimycotics. Journal of Microbiology 53:
390 – 397.
Yang X, Tyler BM, Hong C. 2017. An expanded phylogeny for the genus
Phytophthora. IMA Fungus 8: 355 – 384.
Zare R, Gams W. 2001. A revision of Verticillium section Prostrata. IV. The
genera Lecanicillium and Simplicillium gen. nov. Nova Hedwigia 73: 1– 50.
Zhang D, Gao F, Jakovlić I, et al. 2020. PhyloSuite: An integrated and scalable
desktop platform for streamlined molecular sequence data management
and evolutionary phylogenetics studies. Molecular Ecology Resources
20: 348 – 355.
Zhang ZF, Liu F, Zhou X, et al. 2017. Culturable mycobiota from Karst caves
in China, with descriptions of 20 new species. Persoonia 39: 1– 31.
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1183 & 1184 – Mollisia asteliae & Flexuomyces asteliae
(Notes Mollisia asteliae continued)
(Notes Flexuomyces asteliae continued)
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Mollisia panicicola (as Acidomelania panicicola; strain 61R8, GenBank KF874619.1; Identities = 459/479
(96 %), four gaps (0 %)), Coniochaeta hoffmannii (voucher
research collection Farrer lab 188, GenBank MN644670.1;
Identities = 534/565 (95 %), five gaps (0 %)) and Paraconiothyrium cyclothyrioides (voucher research collection Farrer lab
187, GenBank MN644669.1; Identities = 534/565 (95 %), five
gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Mollisia panicicola (as Acidomelania panicicola; strain CM16S1,
GenBank KF874621.1; Identities = 868/873 (99 %), one gap
(0 %)), Mollisia novobrunsvicensis (voucher DAOMC 252263,
GenBank MT026493.1; Identities = 835 /841 (99 %), one gap
(0 %)) and Mollisia rava (strain DAOMC 250737, GenBank
MT026522.1; Identities = 831/840 (99 %), one gap (0 %)).
Closest hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to
Heterosphaeria patella (voucher MFLU 15-2272, GenBank
MT454025.1; Identities = 406/431 (94 %), no gaps), Cadophora
luteo-olivacea (strain 8LF2-3, GenBank MN258352.1; Identities
= 447/476 (94 %), no gaps) and Varicosporium delicatum (strain
CCM F-19494, GenBank MK241457.1; Identities = 447/ 476
(94 %), no gaps). No significant hits were obtained when the
tub2 sequence was used in blastn and megablast searches.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had
highest similarity to Ramgea ozimecii (strain CNF 2/9997,
GenBank NR_164248.1; Identities = 517/ 559 (92 %), ten
gaps (1 %)), Aotearoamyces nothofagi (strain PDD 95741,
GenBank NR_164216.1; Identities = 518/563 (92 %), 14 gaps
(2 %)) and Pragmopora cf. pini (voucher G.M. 2019-05-19.1,
GenBank MN547972.1; Identities = 509/555 (92 %), 11 gaps
(1 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Pallidophorina
paarla (strain CBS 120877, GenBank NG_068607.1; Identities
= 838/862 (97 %), three gaps (0 %)), Vandijckella johannae (as
Helotiales sp. 1; strain JW1033, GenBank LT904724.1; Identities = 850/876 (97 %), seven gaps (0 %)) and Variabilispora
flava (strain CBS 144845, GenBank NG_068608.1; Identities
= 814/841 (97 %), three gaps (0 %)).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1188 – Phaeosphaeria caricis-sectae
Leptosphaeria doliolum CBS 505.75
Neosulcatispora agaves CPC 26407
78
Vrystaatia aloeicola CBS 135107
Bhatiellae rosae MFLUCC 17-0664
Piniphoma wesendahlina CBS 145032
Setophoma brachypodii CPC 32492 NR_164462.1/NG_067871.1
92
Setophoma terrestris CBS 335.29
100
Alloneottiosporina thailandica MFLUCC 15-0576
93
Setophoma poaceicola MFLUCC 16-0880 KY568988.1/KY550386.1
97
Edenia gomezpompae JLCC 34533
77
97
Edenia gomezpompae LVPEI 3225
82
Kwanghwaensis miscanthi FU31017
Elongaticollum hedychii NCYUCC 19-0286
100
93
Elongaticollum hedychii MFLUCC 18-1638
Elongaticollum hedychii NCYUCC 19-0287
100
Setophoma yingyisheniae LC12696
98
Setophoma yunnanensis LC6532
82 100 Setophoma antiqua LC6594
Setophoma endophytica LC3163
100
Setophoma chromolaenae CBS 135105
71
Setophoma longinqua LC6593
Setophoma vernoniae CBS 137988
Setophoma pseudosacchari CBS 145373
100
Setophoma sacchari MFLUCC 11-0154
98
Setophoma sacchari MFLUCC 12-0241
Pseudophaeosphaeria rubi MFLUCC 14-0259
Setomelanomma holmii CBS 110217
100 99
100 Xenoseptoria neosaccardoi CBS 120.43
Xenoseptoria neosaccardoi CBS 128665
96
100 Parastagonosporella fallopiae CBS 135981
Parastagonosporella fallopiae CCTU 1151.1
99
Paraphoma chrysanthemicola CBS 522.66
100
99
Paraphoma radicina CBS 111.79
Banksiophoma australiensis CBS 142163
Phaeosphaeria musae MFLUCC 11-0133
97
Phaeosphaeria oryzae CBS 110110
Phaeosphaeria papayae CBS 135416
100
Phaeosphaeria phoenicicola CPC 28711 NR_156608.1/No LSU
88
Hendersonia culmiseda CBS 100.72 MH860403.1/No LSU
92
Hendersonia sabaleos CBS 889.68 MH859244.1/MH870972.1
75
97
Phaeosphaeria podocarpi CBS 138903 NR_137933.1/NG_070060.1
70
Phaeosphaeria acaciae MFLU 17-0496 NR_160335.1/NG_069453.1
98
Phaeosphaeria sinensis MFLUCC 19-0217 MN173212.1/MN173208.1
88
Phaeosphaeria caricis-sectae sp. nov. CPC 38771
Phaeosphaeria poagena CBS 136771 NR_168146.1/NG_068518.1
100 Ophiosphaerella taiwanica NTUCC 17-024
Ophiosphaerella taiwanica NTUCC 17-025
99 Ophiosphaerella agrostidis MFLUCC 12-0007
99
Ophiosphaerella aquatica MFLUCC 14-0033
100
91
Ophiosphaerella taiwanensis MFLU 18-2534
100
Ophiosphaerella agrostidis MFLUCC 11-0152
98
Ophiosphaerella agrostidis MFLUCC 16-0895
Equiseticola fusispora MFLUCC 14-0522
Ophiosphaerella korrae ATCC 56289
100
98
100
Ophiosphaerella herpotricha KS28
Ophiosphaerella herpotricha KS29
97
Ophiosphaerella narmari ATCC 201719
100
Ophiosphaerella narmari ATCC 64688
0.01
FP1188 Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) obtained from the maximum likelihood analysis with IQ-TREE v. 1.6.12 (Nguyen et al. 2015, Kalyaanamoorthy et al. 2017, Hoang et al. 2018) of the Phaeosphaeriaceae multigene (ITS / LSU) nucleotide alignment derived from that of Tennakoon et al. (2020).
Bootstrap support values (> 69 % shown; only values > 94 % are significant) from 5 000 ultrafast bootstrap replicates are shown at the nodes. GenBank accession (superscript; only those not listed in Tennakoon et al. 2020 are shown) and/or culture collection/voucher numbers are indicated for all species. The
tree was rooted to Leptosphaeria doliolum (culture CBS 505.75) and the species described here is highlighted with a coloured block and bold face. Alignment
statistics: 58 strains including the outgroup; 1 479 characters including alignment gaps analysed: 556 distinct patterns, 319 parsimony-informative, 92 singleton
sites, 1 068 constant sites. The best models identified in IQ-TREE were: TIM2+F+I+G4 (ITS), K2P+I+G4 (LSU). The alignment and tree were deposited in
TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1192 & 1193 – Falcocladium heteropyxidicola & Castanediella senegaliae
(Notes Falcocladium heteropyxidicola continued)
(Notes Castanediella senegaliae continued)
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Falcocladium thailandicum (strain CBS 121717, GenBank NR_156241.1; Identities = 393 /406 (97 %), five gaps
(1 %)), Falcocladium africanum (strain CBS 145045, GenBank
NR_161117.1; Identities = 457/503 (91 %), 29 gaps (5 %))
and Falcocladium eucalypti (strain CPC 38019, GenBank
NR_171288.1; Identities = 379/404 (94 %), 15 gaps (3 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Falcocladium africanum (strain CPC 34007, GenBank MK047471.1; Identities
= 857/861 (99 %), no gaps), Falcocladium sphaeropedunculatum (strain CBS 111292, GenBank EU040218.1; Identities
= 847/851 (99 %), no gaps) and Falcocladium thailandicum
(strain CBS 121717, GenBank NG_057909.1; Identities = 854/
859 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the actA sequence
had highest similarity to Falcocladium africanum (strain CBS
145046, GenBank MK047519.1; Identities = 611/665 (92 %),
21 gaps (3 %)), Falcocladium thailandicum (strain CBS 121717,
GenBank KM231261.1; Identities = 607/660 (92 %), 18 gaps
(2 %)) and Falcocladium multivesiculatum (strain CBS 120386,
GenBank KM231262.1; Identities = 394/407 (97 %), one gap
(0 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Falcocladium africanum (strain CBS 145046, GenBank
MK047533.1; Identities = 776/830 (93 %), no gaps), Falcocladium eucalypti (strain CBS 146052, GenBank MN556798.1;
Identities = 731/849 (86 %), no gaps) and Trichoderma britannicum (strain SB, GenBank KF134786.1; Identities = 665/873
(76 %), 30 gaps (3 %)).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Castanediella ambae KCR-2019a (strain NFCCI
4774, GenBank MN660236.1; Identities = 514/528 (97 %), five
gaps (0 %)), Castanediella acaciae (strain CBS 139896, GenBank NR_137985.1; Identities = 528/552 (96 %), ten gaps
(1 %)) and Castanediella cagnizarii (strain CBS 101043, GenBank KP859051.1; Identities = 514/565 (91 %), ten gaps (1 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Castanediella ambae
KCR-2019a (strain NFCCI 4774, GenBank MN660235.1; Identities = 814/824 (99 %), one gap (0 %)), Castanediella acaciae
(strain CBS 139896, GenBank NG_067293.1; Identities = 843/
854 (99 %), one gap (0 %)) and Castanediella cagnizarii (strain
CBS 542.96, GenBank NG_067441.1; Identities = 838 /854
(98 %), one gap (0 %)).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1194 – Paracymostachys euphorbiae
Calonectria ilicicola CBS 190.50
Smaragdiniseta bisetosa CBS 459.82
Albifimbria verrucaria CBS 328.52
Albifimbria viridis CBS 244.78
Dimorphiseta terrestris CBS 127345
99
100
Myxospora crassiseta CBS 121141
100
Myxospora masonii CBS 174.73
Capitofimbria compacta CBS 111739
100 Striaticonidium brachysporum CBS 513.71
84
Striaticonidium cinctum CBS 932.69
100
Xepicula jollymanii CBS 276.48
73
Xepicula leucotricha CBS 131.64
Gregatothecium humicola CBS 205.96
87 87
Neomyrothecium humicola CBS 310.96
Paramyrothecium cupuliforme CBS 127789
82
Paramyrothecium terrestris CBS 564.86
86
88
Paramyrothecium salvadorae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1221
Paramyrothecium foliicola CBS 419.93
90
93
Paramyrothecium roridum CBS 357.89
98 Xenomyrothecium tongaense CBS 598.80
Paramyrothecium breviseta CBS 544.75
86
Paramyrothecium acadiense CBS 123.96
93
Paramyrothecium foeniculicola CBS 331.51
98
Paramyrothecium humicola CBS 127295
Paramyrothecium parvum CBS 257.35
82
Paramyrothecium viridisporum CBS 873.85
81
Tangerinosporium thalicicola CBS 317.61
86
Paramyrothecium nigrum CBS 116537
Myrothecium inundatum CBS 275.48
Kastanostachys aterrima CBS 101310
100 Alfaria ossiformis CBS 324.54
Alfaria terrestris CBS 477.91
100
Alfaria cyperi-esculenti CPC 23153
80
100 Alfaria thymi CBS 447.83
Alfaria caricicola CBS 113567
Globobotrys sansevieriicola CBS 138872
79
99
Didymostilbe aurantiospora CBS 616.85
Didymostilbe matsushimae CBS 549.84
Achroiostachys phyllophila CBS 136181
93
93
Achroiostachys humicola CBS 868.73
93
Achroiostachys levigata CBS 185.79
91
Achroiostachys betulicola CBS 136397
100
Achroiostachys aurantispora CBS 187.73
93
Grandibotrys pseudotheobromae CBS 136170
Grandibotrys xylophila CBS 136179
100 Melanopsamma xylophila CBS 100343
Melanopsamma pomiformis CBS 101322
92
100
Sirastachys castanedae CBS 136403
100
Sirastachys cylindrospora CBS 136166
Sirastachys phaeospora CBS 100155
97
Sirastachys phyllophila CBS 136169
Memnoniella putrefolia CBS 101177
100
Memnoniella
brunneoconidiophora CBS 136191
100
Memnoniella ellipsoidea CBS 136201
87
Memnoniella humicola CBS 463.74
77
96
Memnoniella oenanthes CBS 388.73
Memnoniella dichroa CBS 123800
Memnoniella pseudonilagirica CBS 136405
100
Memnoniella longistipitata CBS 136197
Memnoniella echinata CBS 216.32
Paracymostachys euphorbiae gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1194
Cymostachys arthraeruae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1222
100
Cymostachys fabispora CBS 136180
100
Cymostachys coffeicola CBS 252.76
99
100
Cymostachys thailandica CBS 145079 NG_066294.1/MK047546.1
96
Striatibotrys oleronensis CBS 137258
100
Striatibotrys eucylindrospora CBS 203.61
100
Striatibotrys humicola CBS 102408
99
Striatibotrys rhabdospora CBS 528.80
100
Striatibotrys rhabdospora CBS 878.68
100
Stachybotrys limonispora CBS 128809
Stachybotrys limonispora CBS 136165
100 Stachybotrys microspora CBS 186.79
Stachybotrys microspora MFLU 18-2620 MW114435.1/MW201479.1
Stachybotrys subsylvatica CBS 126205
Stachybotrys reniformis CBS 976.95
100
Stachybotrys aloeticola CPC 19706
74
100
Stachybotrys aloeticola CBS 137940
Stachybotrys aloeticola CPC 19705
Stachybotrys dolichophialis DAOM 227011
Stachybotrys chartarum CBS 182.80
Stachybotrys
chartarum CBS 215.92
98
85
Stachybotrys pallescens HGUP0146
Stachybotrys chartarum CBS 129.13
100
Stachybotrys chartarum CBS 363.49
Stachybotrys phaeophialis KAS 525
Stachybotrys xanthohalonata CBS 109281
99
Stachybotrys chlorohalonata CBS 328.37
Stachybotrys chlorohalonata CBS 251.89
Stachybotrys chlorohalonata CBS 109285
Stachybotrys chlorohalonata CBS 109283
85
100
Also see Fungal Planet 1221 for
91
95
a detailed phylogeny of this clade
92
0.01
FP1194 Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) obtained from the maximum likelihood analysis with IQ-TREE v. 1.6.12 (Nguyen et al. 2015, Kalyaanamoorthy et al. 2017, Hoang et al. 2018) of the Stachybotrys and related genera multigene (LSU / rpb2) nucleotide alignment derived from the datasets of
Lombard et al. (2016) and Samarakoon et al. (2021). GenBank accession numbers for the sequences used can also be obtained from Lombard et al. (2016)
and Samarakoon et al. (2021), except for cultures where GenBank accession numbers are indicated in superscript text and which were obtained from other
studies. Bootstrap support values (> 69 % shown; only values > 94 % are significant) from 5 000 ultrafast bootstrap replicates are shown at the nodes. Culture
collection numbers are indicated for all species. The tree was rooted to Calonectria ilicicola (culture CBS 190.50) and the species described here are highlighted with coloured blocks and bold face. Alignment statistics: 91 strains including the outgroup; 1 533 characters including alignment gaps analysed: 517
distinct patterns, 420 parsimony-informative, 70 singleton sites, 1 043 constant sites. The best model identified for the entire alignment in IQ-TREE using the
TESTNEWMERGE option was: TIM2+F+I+G4. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1195 – Cladosporium stipagrostidicola
2x
99
Cercospora beticola CBS 116456 AY840458/AY840494
Cladosporium phyllophilum CBS 125992 HM148643/HM148398
Cladosporium licheniphilum CBS 125990 HM148600/HM148355
Cladosporium phyllactiniicola CBS 126352 HM148639/HM148394
Cladosporium ipereniae CBS 140483 KT600589/KT600491
78
Cladosporium globisporum CBS 812.96 HM148585/HM148340
Cladosporium grevilleae CBS 114271 JF770473/JF770472
80
Cladosporium alboflavescens CBS 140690 LN834604/LN834516
97
Cladosporium iranicum CBS 126346 HM148599/HM148354
79
Cladosporium exile CBS 125987 HM148580/HM148335
Cladosporium paracladosporioides CBS 171.54 HM148609/HM148364
98
Cladosporium varians CBS 126362 HM148715/HM148470
Cladosporium stipagrostidicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1195
Cladosporium flabelliforme CBS 126345 HM148581/HM148336
99
Cladosporium flavovirens CBS 140462 LN834624/LN834536
Cladosporium rugulovarians CBS 140495 KT600656/KT600558
95
Cladosporium perangustum CBS 125996 HM148610/HM148365
99
Cladosporium angulosum CBS 140692 LN834609/LN834521
100
Cladosporium xanthochromaticum CBS 140691 LN834599/LN834511
Cladosporium scabrellum CBS 126358 HM148685/HM148440
Cladosporium pseudochalastosporoides CBS 140490 KT600611/KT600513
97
Cladosporium chalastosporoides CBS 125985 HM148488/HM148242
100
Cladosporium hillianum CBS 125988 HM148586/HM148341
87
Cladosporium exasperatum CBS 125986 HM148579/HM148334
98
Cladosporium longicatenatum CBS 140485 KT600598/KT600500
100
Cladosporium parapenidielloides CBS 140487 KT600606/KT600508
72
Cladosporium myrtacearum CBS 126350 HM148606/HM148361
Cladosporium angustiterminale CBS 140480 KT600575/KT600476
99
Cladosporium asperulatum CBS 126340 HM148485/HM148239
Cladosporium austroafricanum CBS 140481 KT600577/KT600478
96
Cladosporium pini-ponderosae CBS 124456 FJ936167/FJ936164
100
Cladosporium chubutense CBS 124457 FJ936165/FJ936161
92
100 Cladosporium colombiae CBS 274.80BFJ936166/FJ936163
Cladosporium lycoperdinum CBS 126347 HM148601/HM148356
98
Cladosporium europaeum CPC 14296 HM148543/HM148298
99
87
Cladosporium vicinum CBS 143366 MF474161/MF473734
Cladosporium delicatulum CBS 126344 HM148570/HM148325
Cladosporium silenes CBS 109082 EF679506/EF679429
93
84
Cladosporium westerdijkiae CBS 113746 HM148548/HM148303
92
Cladosporium inversicolor CBS 401.80 HM148590/HM148345
93
Cladosporium neopsychrotolerans CGMCC 3.18031 KX938366/KX938400
93
72
Cladosporium sinuatum CGMCC 3.18096 KX938368/KX938402
79
Cladosporium montecillanum CBS 140486 KT600602/KT600504
81
Cladosporium acalyphae CBS 125982 HM148481/HM148235
82
94
Cladosporium neerlandicum CBS 143360 KP702010/KP701764
Cladosporium rectoides CBS 125994 HM148683/HM148438
90
Cladosporium xylophilum CBS 125997 HM148721/HM148476
86
Cladosporium anthropophilum CBS 140685 LN834621/LN834533
77
Cladosporium cucumerinum CBS 171.52 HM148561/HM148316
Cladosporium subuliforme CBS 126500 HM148686/HM148441
99
Cladosporium angustisporum CBS 125983 HM148482/HM148236
83
Cladosporium cladosporioides CBS 112388 HM148490/HM148244
84
Cladosporium
vignae CBS 121.25 HM148718/HM148473
88
80
Cladosporium
tenuissimum
CBS 125995 HM148687/HM148442
97
100
Cladosporium colocasiae CBS 386.64 HM148555/HM148310
99
Cladosporium oxysporum CBS 125991 HM148607/HM148362
Cladosporium uredinicola ATCC 46649 HM148712/HM148467
97
97
Cladosporium funiculosum CBS 122129 HM148583/HM148338
Cladosporium pseudocladosporioides CBS 125993 HM148647/HM148402
Cladosporium welwitschiicola CPC 18648 KY646226/KY646229
89
Cladosporium crousii CBS 140686 LN834615/LN834527
98
Cladosporium gamsianum CBS 125989 HM148584/HM148339
Cladosporium verrucocladosporioides CBS 126363 HM148717/HM148472
Cladosporium needhamense CBS 143359 MF473991/MF473570
82
Cladosporium phaenocomae CBS 128769 JF499881/JF499875
99
Cladosporium australiense CBS 125984 HM148486/HM148240
100
Cladosporium uwebraunianum CBS 143365 MF474156/MF473729
0.1
FP1195 Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) obtained from the maximum likelihood analysis with IQ-TREE v. 1.6.12 (Nguyen et al. 2015, Kalyaanamoorthy et al. 2017, Hoang et al. 2018) of the Cladosporium multigene (actA / tef1) nucleotide alignment. Bootstrap support values (> 69 % shown; only values
> 94 % are significant) from 5 000 ultrafast bootstrap replicates are shown at the nodes. Culture collection and GenBank accession (in superscript) numbers
are indicated for all species and numbers in bold represent those cultures with a type status. The tree was rooted to Cercospora beticola (culture CBS 116456)
and the species described here is highlighted with a coloured block and bold face. Alignment statistics: 67 strains including the outgroup; 661 characters including alignment gaps analysed: 429 distinct patterns, 250 parsimony-informative, 88 singleton sites, 323 constant sites. The best model identified for the entire
alignment in IQ-TREE using the TESTNEWMERGE option was: TIM2+F+I+G4. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1198 & 1199 – Diatrype dalbergiae & Lylea dalbergiae
(Notes Diatrype dalbergiae continued)
(Notes Lylea dalbergiae continued)
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had
highest similarity to Eutypa lata (strain RICFSK1, GenBank
KF453554.1; Identities = 511/574 (89 %), 19 gaps (3 %)), Libertella blepharis (strain MUT<ITA>:5165, GenBank KM355984.1;
Identities = 453/509 (89 %), 18 gaps (3 %)) and Eutypella vitis
(strain GL5161, GenBank JX241653.1; Identities = 471/531
(89 %), 22 gaps (4 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence
are Diatrype palmicola (strain MFLUCC 11-0018, GenBank
KP744481.1; Identities = 806/817 (99 %), two gaps (0 %)),
Diatrypella japonica (strain LL547, GenBank MT385137.1;
Identities = 825/837 (99 %), two gaps (0 %)) and Diatrype
disciformis (strain AFTOL-ID 927, GenBank DQ470964.1; Identities = 867/883 (98 %), three gaps (0 %)). Distant hits obtained
using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to Diatrypella
verruciformis (strain UCROK292, GenBank JX174075.1; Identities = 262/311 (84 %), 22 gaps (7 %)), Peroneutypa mangrovei
(strain PUFD526, GenBank MH094409.1; Identities = 158/163
(97 %), no gaps) and Diatrype enteroxantha (voucher HUEFS
194225, GenBank KT175557.1; Identities = 265/317 (84 %),
26 gaps (8 %)).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Lylea tetracoila (strain CBS 126412, GenBank
MH864106.1; Identities = 493/509 (97 %), four gaps (0 %)),
Sporidesmium sp. WD-2020a (strain MFLU 18-0981, GenBank
MW286500.1; Identities = 427/512 (83 %), 33 gaps (6 %)) and
Sporidesmium lageniforme (voucher MFLU 18-1594, GenBank
NR_168806.1; Identities = 442/536 (82 %), 41 gaps (7 %)).
The ITS sequences of CPC 38960 and 38961 are identical
(507/507 nucleotides). Closest hits using the LSU sequence
are Sporidesmium lignicola (strain KUMCC 15-0266, GenBank NG_068646.1; Identities = 824/830 (99 %), no gaps),
Lylea tetracoila (strain CBS 126412, GenBank MH875566.1;
Identities = 838/846 (99 %), no gaps) and Ellisembia minigelatinosa (voucher NN47497, GenBank DQ408567.1; Identities = 812/838 (97 %), two gaps (0 %)). The LSU sequences
of CPC 38960 and 38961 are identical (863/863 nucleotides).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1209 & 1210 – Phaeosphaeriopsis sansevieriae & Lasionectria sansevieriae
(Notes Phaeosphaeriopsis sansevieriae continued)
(Notes Lasionectria sansevieriae continued)
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
38956 had highest similarity to Phaeosphaeriopsis obtusispora
(strain CBS 246.64, GenBank KY090644.1; Identities = 531/538
(99 %), one gap (0 %)), Phaeosphaeriopsis pseudoagavacearum (strain CBS 145370, GenBank NR_164458.1; Identities =
529/538 (98 %), one gap (0 %)) and Phaeosphaeriopsis agavacearum (strain CPC 29122, GenBank NR_155689.1; Identities = 527/538 (98 %), no gaps). The ITS sequences of CPC
38956 and 39087 are identical (532/532 (100 %)). Closest
hits using the LSU sequence of CPC 38956 are Phaeosphaeriopsis obtusispora (strain CBS 246.64, GenBank JX681119.1;
Identities = 851/852 (99 %), no gaps), Coniothyrium concentricum (strain CBS 589.79, GenBank MH873001.1; Identities
= 851/853 (99 %), no gaps) and Leptospora hydei (voucher
SD-02, GenBank MK522497.1; Identities = 849/853 (99 %),
no gaps). The LSU sequences of CPC 38956 and 39087 differ
by the presence of one gap (796 /797 (99 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence of CPC 38956 had highest similarity to
Phaeosphaeriopsis agavacearum (strain CPC 29122, GenBank
KY173591.1; Identities = 669 /714 (94 %), no gaps), Phaeosphaeriopsis triseptata (strain MFLUCC 13-0347, GenBank
KJ522486.1; Identities = 722 /818 (88 %), one gap (0 %)) and
Phaeosphaeriopsis obtusispora (strain CBS 102204, GenBank
KY090687.1; Identities = 492/524 (94 %), no gaps). The rpb2
sequences of CPC 38956 and 39087 are identical (693 /693).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Lasionectria lecanodes (strain NE320, GenBank
MH393447.1; Identities = 550/595 (92 %), 16 gaps (2 %)),
Acremonium cereale (strain K, GenBank MK958551.1; Identities = 441/478 (92 %), 12 gaps (2 %)) and Lasionectria hilhorstii
(strain CBS 144938, GenBank NR_161154.1; Identities = 545/
593 (92 %), 17 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Lasionectria mantuana (strain A.R. 4029, GenBank
GQ505994.1; Identities = 851/858 (99 %), no gaps), Lasionectria oenanthicola (strain CBS 129747, GenBank KY607557.1;
Identities = 846/854 (99 %), no gaps) and Lasionectria hilhorstii
(strain CBS 144938, GenBank NG_066302.1; Identities =
831/839 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence
had highest similarity to Lasionectria mantuana (strain A.R.
4029, GenBank HM484844.1; Identities = 318/389 (82 %), 20
gaps (5 %)) and Lasionectria hilhorstii (strain CBS 144938, GenBank MK069411.1; Identities = 268/319 (84 %), 11 gaps (3 %)).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1221 – Paramyrothecium salvadorae
Fusarium sambucinum CBS 146.95
Xenomyrothecium tongaense CBS 598.80
99
Tangerinosporium thalitricola CBS 317.61
96
CBS 582.93
Myrothecium simplex
100 CBS 100287
CBS 196.74
CBS 116539
100
91
CBS 616.70 Myrothecium inundatum
CBS 120646
94
CBS 275.48
Xepicula crassiseta CBS 392.71
99
CBS 511.76
100
CBS 126168 Xepicula jollymannii
97
98
CBS 276.48
CBS 131.64
100
CBS 256.57
Xepicula leucotricha
95 CBS 278.78
100
CBS 483.78
Gregatothecium humicola CBS 205.96
82
98
Neomyrothecium humicola CBS 310.96
Paramyrothecium tellicola CBS 478.91
90
CBS 872.85
100
CBS 566.86
Paramyrothecium terrestris
94 CBS 564.86
86
75 97
CBS 565.86
Paramyrothecium salvadorae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1221
CBS 113121
100
Paramyrothecium foliicola
CBS 419.93
100
97
Paramyrothecium breviseta CBS 544.75
100
CBS 212.92
93
99
CBS 357.89
Paramyrothecium roridum
77
CBS 372.50
Paramyrothecium humicola CBS 127295
90
CBS 257.35
100
Paramyrothecium parvum
CBS 142.42
100
Paramyrothecium acadiense CBS 123.96
Paramyrothecium foeniculicola CBS 331.51
80
Paramyrothecium nigrum CBS 116537
84
CBS 127789
100
90
Paramyrothecium cupuliforme
CBS 126167
83
CBS 873.85
96 CBS 127785
96 CBS 563.86
Paramyrothecium viridisporum
94 CBS 125821
CBS 126942
CBS 125835
CBS 127843
0.01
FP1221 Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) obtained from the maximum likelihood analysis with IQ-TREE v. 1.6.12 (Nguyen et al. 2015, Kalyaanamoorthy
et al. 2017, Hoang et al. 2018) of the Paramyrothecium and related genera multigene (ITS / tub2 / cmdA / rpb2) nucleotide alignment derived from the datasets
of Lombard et al. (2016). GenBank accession numbers for the sequences used can also be obtained from Lombard et al. (2016). Bootstrap support values
(> 69 % shown; only values > 94 % are significant) from 5 000 ultrafast bootstrap replicates are shown at the nodes. Culture collection numbers are indicated
for all species and numbers in bold represent those cultures with a type status. The tree was rooted to Fusarium sambucinum (culture CBS 146.95) and the
species described here is highlighted with a coloured block and bold face. Alignment statistics: 47 strains including the outgroup; 2 415 characters including
alignment gaps analysed: 900 distinct patterns, 651 parsimony-informative, 252 singleton sites, 1 512 constant sites. The best model identified for the entire
alignment in IQ-TREE using the TESTNEWMERGE option was: TIM2+F+I+G4. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1225 – Calonectria californiensis
(Notes Calonectria californiensis continued)
Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence of CPC 29619 had highest similarity to Calonectria lauri (strain CBS 749.70, GenBank
KY653403.1; Identities = 764/776 (98 %), no gaps), Calonectria
citri (strain CSF11342, GenBank MT412526.1; Identities =
741/776 (95 %), no gaps) and Calonectria leucothoes (strain CBS
109166, GenBank KY653404.1; Identities = 732/776 (94 %),
no gaps). The rpb2 sequences of CPC 29619 and 29622 are
identical (880/880). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence of
CPC 29620 had highest similarity to Calonectria lauri (strain
CSF11347, GenBank MT412806.1; Identities = 475/487 (98 %),
nine gaps (1 %)), Calonectria avesiculata (strain CBS 313.92, GenBank GQ267294.1; Identities = 443/487 (91 %), 12 gaps (2 %))
and Calonectria citri (strain CSF11342, GenBank MT412753.1;
Identities = 440/488 (90 %), 13 gaps (2 %)). The tef1 sequences
of CPC 29619, 29620, 29621 and 29622 are identical (486/486
(100 %)). Closest hits using the tub2 sequence of CPC 29619
had highest similarity to Calonectria lauri (strain CBS 749.70,
GenBank FR694685.1; Identities = 525/542 (97 %), two gaps
(0 %)), Calonectria citri (as Cylindrocladium citri; strain CBS
186.36, GenBank AF333393.1; Identities = 498 /531 (94 %),
six gaps (1 %)) and Cylindrocladium perseae (now synonym
of Calonectria leucothoes; strain STE-U 3612, GenBank
AF308466.1; Identities = 488/531 (92 %), nine gaps (1 %)).
The tub2 sequences of CPC 29619, 29620, 29621 and 29622
are identical (648/648 (100 %)).
Curvicladiella cignea CBS 109167
CMW 23672
Calonectria pseudonaviculata
CBS 116251
Calonectria citri CMW 23675
CPC 34659
CMW 23682 Calonectria lauri
CPC 29620
CPC 29621
Calonectria californiensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 1225
CPC 29619
0.99
CPC 29622
Calonectria mexicana CBS 110918
CBS 110919
Calonectria uxmalensis
CBS 110925
CBS 110923
CBS 110924 Calonectria pseudouxmalensis
CBS 115677
CBS 130354
CBS 130355
Calonectria pseudomexicana
CBS 130357
CBS 130356
Calonectria pteridis CBS 111793
Calonectria indusiata CBS 144 36
Calonectria colhounii CBS 293 79
CBS 114679
Calonectria paracolhounii
CBS 114705
CBS 112753
Calonectria sp.
CBS 112152
CMW 30990
Calonectria angustata
CBS 112133
0.89
CBS 111807
Calonectria gracilis
CBS 111284
CMW 25298
CMW 25307 Calonectria brachiatica
CMW 25302
Calonectria pseudoecuadoriae CBS 111402
Calonectria pseudospathiphylli CBS 109165
CMW 16742
Calonectria spathiphylli
CMW 30997
Calonectria lageniformis CBS 111324
Calonectria auriculiformis CMW 47179
CMW 2914
Calonectria variabilis
CMW 3187
Calonectria plurilateralis CBS 111401
0.93 CMW 30991
Calonectria insularis
CMW 30992
0.01
FP1225 Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 9 752 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the Calonectria multigene (actA / cmdA / his3 / ITS /
LSU / rpb2 / tef1 / tub2) sequence alignment (45 sequences including outgroup; 5 068 aligned positions; 96 / 310 / 192 / 69 / 59 / 253 / 282 / 308 unique site
patterns, respectively; 65 000 generations with trees sampled every 10 generations) using MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et al. 2012). The alignment is derived
from the dataset of Liu et al. (2020) and methodology used and GenBank accession numbers of the reference sequences can be found in the same reference. Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the
expected changes per site. The tree was rooted to Curvicladiella cignea (culture CBS 109167) and the species described here is highlighted with a coloured
block and bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 28129).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1226 – Absidia montepascoalis
Absidia anomala FSU5798 EF030523
82/0.97
Absidia anomala CBS 125.68 JN205815T
100/0.99
Absidia multispora URM 8210 MN953780T
91/0.98 86/*
Absidia montepascoalis NUFC B190023 MW473494
Absidia montepascoalis CNUFC B190023 MW602965
99/0.95
99/1
94/*
Absidia bonitoensis URM 7889 MN977786T
Absidia jindoensis CNUFC-PTI1-1 MF926622T
Absidia saloaensis URM 8209 MN953781T
*/*/-
Absidia koreana EML-IFS45-1 KR030062T
Absidia pernambucoensis URM 7219 MN635568T
99/-
Absidia terrestris FMR 14989 LT795003T
100/1
Absidia cylindrospora var. cylindrospora CBS 100.08 JN205822
*/-
Absidia caatinguensis URM 7156 KT308168T
Absidia pseudocylindrospora FSU5894 EF030526
99/1
99/*
100/1
Absidia cornuta RVO 2019 MN625256T
83/-
Absidia stercoraria EML-DG8-1 KU168828T
*/-
Absidia heterospora SHTH021 JN942683
*/-
*/-
Absidia spinosa var. spinosa CBS 106.08 JN205809
Absidia repens CBS 115583 JN205813IT
*/-
Absidia pararepens CCF 6352 MT193669
Absidia fusca CBS 346.97 JN205817
-/1
100/1
Absidia fusca CBS 102.35 JN205814
100/1
Absidia cuneospora FSU5890 EF030524
Absidia cuneospora CBS 102.59 JN205819
Absidia californica CBS 314.78 JN205816
99/0.99
80/*
Absidia macrospora FSU4746 AY944882
100/1
100/1
Absidia macrospora FSU323 AY944883
Absidia coerulea CBS 102.28 JN205821
100/1
99/0.99
Absidia coerulea CBS 104.08 JN205811
Absidia glauca CBS 100.48 JN205820
100/1
Absidia glauca CBS 101.08 JN205810T
Cunninghamella phaeospora CBS 692.68 JN205864NT
99/-
Cunninghamella vesiculosa CBS 989.96 JN205897T
0.10
FP1226 Maximum likelihood (ML) tree obtained from the ITS sequence of A. montepascoalis and sequences retrieved from GenBank. Bayesian inference
(BI) and Maximum likelihood analyses were performed using MrBayes v. 3.2 (Ronquist et al. 2012) and PhyML v. 3.0 (Guindon & Gascuel 2003), respectively.
Bayesian posterior probabilities (BYPP) ≥ 0.9 and bootstrap values for maximum likelihood (MLBS) ≥ 70 % are placed above the branches (MLBS/BYPP).
Support values lower than 0.9 and 70 % are marked with ‘*’, and absent are marked with ‘–’. The bar indicates the expected number of substitutions per
position. Ex-type, ex-isotype, and ex-neotype strains are marked with superscript ‘T’, ‘IT’ and ‘NT’, respectively. Cunninghamella phaeospora CBS 692.68 and
C. vesiculosa CBS 989.96 were used as outgroups.
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1235 – Cortinarius brunneovolvatus
(Notes continued)
Currently the section is delimited on the basis of molecular
studies conducted by Kytövuori et al. (2005), who sequenced
the holotype of C. sordidulus and created two new species, but
especially that of Niskanen et al. (2013), in which seven species
are recognised (they neotypified C. bovinus and established
six new taxa). Finally, Ballarà et al. (2017) described an additional species, C. iunii. The latest review of section Bovini was
published by Liimatainen et al. (2020).
The identification of Telamonia s.lat. species has been always
complex, as reflected by Bidaud et al. (2009: 1268), GarridoBenavent et al. (2014), Brandrud et al. (2017) and Ballarà et al.
(2017), due to the large number of subtle and/or overlapping
characters among species. Therefore, comparisons with related
taxa should study macroscopic and microscopic morphological
features, organoleptic characters, macrochemical reactions
and habitat, as well as DNA analysis. Compared with other
species of sect. Bovini, C. brunneovolvatus differs from C. bovinus because it has a more hygrophanous and more reddish
or ochraceous pileus when dehydrated, a greyish stipe with
a veil in the annular zone and smaller spores. The species
C. bovinatus, C. oulankaënsis, C. bovinaster, C. fuscobovinus,
C. fuscobovinaster and C. anisochrous, are all present in more
temperate habitats, and they have a more hygrophanous,
fibrillose, greyish stipe, less veil, smaller spores and all of
them are coniferous. Another group of species resembling the
previous one and found also associated with conifers is formed
by C. sordidemaculatus, C. neofulvolaesus and C. anisatus,
which differ in that they have a brown-sordid or reddish brown
pileus with few and scattered traces of veil, greyish white stipe,
sometimes with an annular zone and browning areas, and
even smaller spores. The ITS sequences of C. wahkiacus, a
North American species found associated with Quercus, are
also among the best matches (95 % similar) to that of C. brunneovolvatus. Cortinarius wahkiacus has also many morphological similarities with C. brunneovolvatus, but it has a smaller
basidioma, a somewhat lighter pileus, lacks any traces of veil,
has a paler stipe, and moderately to strongly warted spores
(Li et al. 2016). Other species associated to Quercus ilex are
C. sordescens, with ellipsoid-ovoid spores, and C. terribilis,
with larger and strongly warted spores, both with a compact
appearance and greyish brown colours. Cortinarius subbulliardioides can be found also in the same habitat, but it has a
hygrophanous pileus, tawny in the centre, a fusiform stipe with
paler and ring-shaped velar remnants, and somewhat smaller
spores. Section Brunnei, reviewed by Niskanen et al. (2009),
currently includes 11 species. Cortinarius pseudorubricosus is
macroscopically very similar to C. brunneovolvatus, especially
in the sock-like sheath at the bulbous base of the stipe, but has
very small spores and exhibits blackish brown and not greyish
brown colours in exsiccata. Among taxa of section Sericeocybe
s.lat., C. strenuipes var. subacuminatus can be found in the
same locality as C. brunneovolvatus, but differs from it because
of its larger size, greyish brown pileus and stipe covered by a
veil not in the form of a shim (Mahiques et al. 2013). Finally,
C. diosmus var. araneosovolvatus is slightly smaller, with paler
shades and a biphasic odour of radish and fruity (Mateos in
Ballarà et al. 2009).
GenBank, UNITE and BOLD databases were checked for ITS
rDNA sequences similar to the one obtained from the holotype
(GenBank MW752903). The closest matches were records of
Cortinarius subg. Telamonia (92.95 – 93.54 % similarity), identified as C. subbulliardiodes (GenBank KU953942) differing in
20 nucleotides and 14 indels, C. tacitus (GenBank NR_160567)
differing in 20 nucleotides and 14 indels, C. bovinaster (GenBank JX407266) differing in 23 nucleotides and 11 indels,
C. anisatus (GenBank MT934875) differing in 22 nucleotides
and 13 indels, C. turgidulus (GenBank NR_171161.1) in
25 nucleotides and 11 indels and C. privignatus (GenBank
MT935316) differing in 25 nucleotides and 12 indels. ITS sequences of C. wahkiacus and C. eldoradoensis, two American
species, differ from that of C. brunneovolvatus in 20 nucleotides
and 14 –15 indels, respectively.
FP1235-1 Key to the related species of section Bovini.
1. Width of spores greater than 5.5 µm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1. Spore width less than 5.5 µm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1. Subglobose spores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. privignatus
2. Species associated with Picea spp. in Northern Europe . 3
2. Species associated with Quercus spp. in the Mediterranean
area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Species with broad spores (6 –7 µm) . . . . C. fuscobovinus
3. Species with narrower spores (5.5– 6.5 µm) . . . . . . . . . . 7
4. Strongly warted spores 12 –12.5 × 6.5–7.5 µm C. terribilis
4. Narrower spores < 6.5 µm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. Very hygrophanous, with concentric dehydration and an evident annular zone, at least in young specimens. In Quercus
ilex forests, and also under Pinus nigra or Pinus sylvestris
on calcareous soil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. subbulliardioides
5. Less hygrophanous, associated with Quercus ilex in calcareous soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6. Small to medium-sized basidiomata. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. brunneovolvatus sp. nov.
6. Large and compact basidiomata, dirty grey in appearance,
blackening radially due to the presence of necropigment in
the subcutis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. sordescens
7. Species found in the Mediterranean area, with strongly
ornamented spores with domed apex, up to 6.5 µm wide .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. bovinus
7. Spores strongly ornamented, amygdaliform, with acute
apex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. bovinatus
7. Species also from Mediterranean areas, spores > 10.5 µm
wide, less ornamented, slender stipe up to 10 mm wide . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. bovinaster
7. Larger stipe up to 15 mm wide; spores < 10 µm, associated
with Picea spp. in Northern Europe . . . . . . C. anisochrous
8. Species associated with Picea spp., with a pleasant aniseed-like odour and pale brown to orange colour . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. anisatus
8. Species associated with Pinus spp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
9. Fruiting in spring, in Mediterranean habitats, on calcareous
soils under Pinus nigra, massive, stipe up to 30 mm, reddish
brown in colour. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. iunii
9. Fruiting in autumn, more slender, with a stipe up to 12 mm
wide, darker shades, occurring in sandy soils of temperate
and cold regions under Pinus spp. . . . . C. neofurvolaesus
Supplementary material
FP1235-2 Phylogram depicting the evolutionary relationships of Cortinarius brunneovolvatus and its relatives based on ITS sequence data.
FP1236-1 Differentiating characters of phylogenetically (top section) and morphologically (bottom section) related Crepidotus species.
Spore sizes, surface
Q
Cheilocystidium sizes, shape
Clamp connections
Basidiome sizes
Authors
7.1– 8.6 × 4.8– 5.5 µm, smooth
1.52
37.1– 59.6 × 4.6 –7.3 µm, narrowly lageniform
numerous in lamellae, rare in pilepiellis
2 –10 mm
Present study
8 –10.5 × 4– 5 µm, finely verrucose
2.04
16 – 44 × 7– 9.5 µm, versiform, mostly clavate to
cylindro-clavate with obtuse apices, some with
irregular excrescences, or strangulated
abundant in all tissues
3 –15 mm
Kumar et al. (2018a)
C. luteolus
8 – 9.4 × 4.3 – 5.4 µm, verrucose
1.81
33 – 49 × 5 – 8.5 µm, cylindrical, narrowly lageniform,
often tapered at the apex, branched, flexuous
present throughout the basidiome
2 – 30 mm
Consiglio & Setti (2008)
C. subverrucisporus
7.7– 9.4 × 5.1– 6.3 µm, rugulose-verruculose
1.52
31– 53 × 6.6 –10 µm, narrowly utriform, narrowly
lageniform, fusoid
present in all tissues
8 – 20 mm
Consiglio & Setti (2008)
10 – 50 mm
Consiglio & Setti (2008)
5 – 20 mm
Consiglio & Setti (2008)
C. applanatus
4.9 – 5.7 × 4.7– 5.4 µm, verrucose
1.06
32 – 57 × 7.1–13 µm, squat, clavate, capitate, utriform
present almost in all tissues
C. epibryus
6.8 – 8.3 × 2.8– 3.4 µm, smooth
2.44
31– 49 × 5.1–7 µm, narrowly lageniform, whip-like,
strangulated, angular, sometimes branched, mostly thin,
flexuous
absent
C. autochthonus
7.1– 8.5 × 4.9– 5.7 µm, smooth
1.47
30 – 43 × 7.3 –10 µm, utriform, lageniform, cylindrical,
subcapitate, clavate, often one- or two-septate
present throughout the basidiome
30 – 60 mm
Consiglio & Setti (2008)
C. caspari var. caspari
7.1– 8.9 × 4.6– 5.6 µm, smooth to
rugulose-verruculose
1.57
29 – 53 × 6.3 –11 µm, cylindrical, utriform, clavate,
strangulated, flexuous
present throughout the basidiome
4 – 30 mm
Consiglio & Setti (2008)
C. occidentalis
7–10 × 5 – 6(–7) µm, smooth
–
33 – 55 × 4 –7 µm, filamentous, cylindric, subventricose,
or subclavate
present on the trichodermial hyphae
C. lagenicystis
6 – 8 × 4.5 – 5.5 µm, obscurely punctate
–
48 – 65 × 7–13 µm, lageniform to obclavate with a long neck
present
10 – 30 mm
Hesler & Smith (1965)
6 – 9 mm
Hesler & Smith (1965)
Supplementary material
С. wasseri
C. palodensis
Fungal Planet 1236 – Crepidotus wasseri
Species
Supplementary material
FP1236-2 Maximum likelihood tree of Crepidotus wasseri sp. nov. and closely related species. Analysis of the nrDNA ITS region was conducted using MEGA
X software (Kumar et al. 2018b) employing the GTR+G model with 1 000 bootstrap replicates. Another measure of branch support was estimated through
Bayesian Inference using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012) under the same model for 2.5 M replicates. Posterior probability values ≥ 0.7 and bootstrap
support values ≥ 50 % are shown at the nodes. The new species is indicated in bold, holotypes indicated with asterisk (*). Two-letter country codes (ISO
3166-1 alpha-2) reflecting origin of specimens are given.
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1237 – Cuphophyllus flavipesoides
FP1237 Additional materials examined.
deNmark, Jylland, Silkeborg, Høgdal, semi-natural grassland, 23 Sept. 2017,
E. Larsson, EL347-17 (GenBank MW714630). – Norway, Vestland, Alver,
Lygra, semi-natural grassland (pasture), 26 Sept. 2018, J.B. Jordal, JBJ18042 (GenBank MW714636); ibid., 3 Sept. 2019, J.B. Jordal, JBJ19-014
(GenBank MW714640); ibid., 26 Sept. 2019, J.B. Jordal, JBJ19-066 (GenBank MW714637); Vestland, Bømlo, Spyssøya, Myra, semi-natural grassland
pasture, 7 Sept. 2019, J.B. Jordal, JBJ19-017 (GenBank MW714632); Møre
og Romsdal, Sunndal, Jordalsøra, semi-natural grassland, hay field, 2 Oct.
2019, J.B. Jordal, JBJ19-075 (GenBank MW714638); Vestland, Tysnes,
Nygård, Malkenes, pasture, 9 Oct. 2014, A. Vatte & P. Fadnes, OF-303996
(GenBank MW714633); Møre og Romsdal, Rauma, Volladalen, Samsetsetra,
semi-natural grassland pasture, 23 Aug. 2014, J.B. Jordal, OF-251614
(GenBank MW714634). – SwedeN, Västergötland, Skövde, Ulveksbackarna,
semi-natural grassland, R.-G. Carlsson, GB-0152637 (GenBank MK593932);
Västergötland, Tidaholm, Kungslena, Gunnilstorp, 8 Aug. 1997, R.-G. Carlsson, GB-0152595 (GenBank MK593931); Småland, Stenbrohult, Djäknabygd,
10 Sept. 2010, G. Aronsson, F511972 (GenBank MW714635); Skåne, Svalöv,
Blinkarps fälad, 7 Oct. 2012, B. Hägg, LD-1888230 (GenBank MW714631).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1240 – Entoloma ammophilum
FP1240 Phylogenetic tree derived from Maximum Likelihood analysis based on nrITS1-5.8S-ITS2 data. Analysis was performed in PhyML v. 3.0 (Guindon
et al. 2010) using the non-parametric Shimodaira-Hasegawa version of the approximate likelihood-ratio test (SH-aLRT) and the GTR+I+Γ model of evolution.
ML bootstrap support values are shown at the nodes (BS > 50 %).
Supplementary material
FP1240 (cont.)
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1250 – Extremopsis radicicola
FP1250-1 Additional materials examined.
SpaiN, Ciudad Real, Cabañeros National Park, from root-associated soil in a
wet heathland (‘trampal’), N39°20'58.5" W4°21'38.6", 725 m a.s.l., isolated
from surface-sterilised, asymptomatic roots of an A. thaliana plant inoculated with soil and grown under controlled conditions, 19 Apr. 2018, coll.
J.G. Maciá-Vicente, isol. 20 June 2018, J.G. Maciá-Vicente, culture P6455,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MN310197 and MN308490; Cádiz, Los
Alcornocales Natural Park, from root-associated soil in a Mediterranean
heathland (‘herriza’), N36°30'47.2" W5°37'32.3", 832 m a.s.l., isolated from
surface-sterilised, asymptomatic roots of an A. thaliana plant inoculated with
soil and grown under controlled conditions, 20 Apr. 2018, coll. J.G. MaciáVicente, isol. 27 June 2018, J.G. Maciá-Vicente, culture P6514, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MN310233 and MN308538.
FP1250-2 Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree inferred from concatenated ITS and LSU rDNA sequences of strains of Extremopsis and related
genera showing their placement within Extremaceae. The new genus is enclosed in a coloured box and strains newly obtained in this study are in bold. ML
and Bayesian analyses were performed using RAxML v. 8.2.12 (Stamatakis 2014) and MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003), respectively, on
the CIPRES Science Gateway server (Miller et al. 2010). Maximum likelihood analysis employed the rapid bootstrapping algorithm with the GTRCAT model
and 1 000 bootstrap iterations. Numbers above branches represent bootstrap support values ≥ 70 %. Bayesian inference consisted of two independent runs
of 10 M generations sampled every 100th generation and the first 25 % of trees discarded as burn-in. Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥ 0.95 are indicated
by thickened branches. Myriangium hispanicum (CBS 247.33) and Elsinoe phaseoli (CBS 165.31) were used as outgroup. The alignment and trees were
deposited in TreeBASE (study 27826).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1251 – Fistulinella aurantioflava
FP1251 Phylogenetic tree derived from Bayesian analysis, based on ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 data. Analysis was performed under GTR model of evolution, for 3 M
generations, using MrBayes v. 3.2.1 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Posterior probability (PP > 0.95) values from the Bayesian analysis are added at the nodes. The
scale bar represents the number of nucleotide changes per site. Sequences derived from type material is indicated with (T) and the tree was rooted to two
sequences of Gyroporus.
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1252 – Hyalodendriella bialowiezensis
FP1252-1 Additional materials examined.
polaNd, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Białowieża Forest, forest division 366B,
near Teremiski, on debris beneath fallen bark of Norway spruce Picea abies
previously infected with European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus, 22
Nov. 2018, M. Gorczak WA0000074528, culture MGC 154A = CBS 147273,
ITS, SSU, LSU, tef1-α, rpb1 and rpb2 sequences GenBank MW004163,
MW004160, MW009816, MW013799, MW811183 and MW013802; Podlaskie
Voivodeship, Białowieża Forest, forest division 366C, near Teremiski, on margin of Ips sp. corridor in fallen bark of Norway spruce Picea abies previously
infected with European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus, 20 Nov. 2018,
M. Gorczak WA0000074526, culture MGC 151 = CBS 147154, ITS, SSU,
LSU, tef1-α, rpb1 and rpb2 sequences GenBank MW004161, MW004158,
MW009814, MW013797, MW811185 and MW013800.
Hamatocanthoscypha laricionis NBRC108586
Hamatocanthoscypha laricionis TNS_F24336
82
Chalara constricta CBS 248.76
Hamatocanthoscypha laricionis NBRC108596
94
Xenochalara juniperi CE274
Xenochalara juniperi CE210
100 Microscypha sp. KUS-F52533
Microscypha sp. F52303
93
Microscypha sp. KUS-F52625
98
Microscypha sp. NBRC108589
98
Microscypha ellisii KUS-F52663
Microscypha ellisii F52489
Infundichalara microchona CBS 175.74
94 Hyalodendriella bialowiezensis sp. nov. WA74527
100
Hyalodendriella bialowiezensis sp. nov. WA74528
Hyalodendriella bialowiezensis sp. nov. WA74526
77
Chalara aurea CBS 880.73
Hyalodendriella betulae CBS 261.82
100
Calycina herbarum KUS-F52362
76
Calycina herbarum KUS-F51458
89
Calycellina populina CBS 247.62
Calycina discedens B_disc_Hosoya
Calycina citrina D702
Calycina sp. Bisps1
Calycina citrina AFTOL_ID_1301
83
Chalara hughesii OC0020
Chalara aurea CBS 633.75
Mollisina uncinata KUS_F52307
Mollisina uncinata TNS-F-38901
96
Phialina lachnobrachyoides KUS_F52576
Phialina lachnobrachyoides KUS-F52183
Pezizellaceae sp. D2518
Amorphotheca resinae Amore1
Oidiodendron maius Oidma1
Leo�a lubrica AFTOL_ID_1
90
0.06
FP1252-2 The best scoring maximum likelihood tree calculated from 9 molecular markers shows H. bialowiezensis and closest related Helotiales. Only bootstrap
support values ≥ 70 % are shown.
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1254 – Hygrocybe fulgens
95 H. miniata EU784327 UK
H. miniata FM208866 HUN
49
H. miniata PHFF10298 SVK
H. miniata PHFF11065 SVK
90
H. miniata PHFF10019 SVK
72
H. miniata KP965780 GER
99
92
H. miniata MN992418 CAN
H. miniata MN992598 CAN
H. phaeococcinea EU784335 UK
99
H. phaeococcinea EU784337 UK
46
H. fulgens MW471672 SVK holotype
99
H. fulgens MW471671 SVK
68
H. cantharellus KF306332 SVK
61
99
H. cantharellus EU784286 UK
H. cantharellus BRACR25298 SVK
82
99
H. turunda FM208899 HUN
H. coccineocrenata MN082022 MNE
H. coccineocrenata PHFF10456 ITA
H. quieta EU784346 UK
100 H. quieta FM208864 HUN
H. quieta KF291157 DK
0.050
FP1254 Subtree of the maximum likelihood tree obtained from the analysis of ITS sequences of Hygrocybe subgenera Hygrocybe and Pseudohygrocybe. The
alignment was performed with ClustalW and the Tamura-Nei model was used for the phylogenetic analysis (Tamura & Nei 1993). Bootstrap support values are
indicated at the nodes. The original analysis involved 66 nucleotide sequences, 21 of them are implemented in the subtree. There were a total of 700 positions
in the final dataset. Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA X (Kumar et al. 2018b).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1257 – Lactifluus kanadii
(Notes continued)
Furthermore, in the phylogenetic analyses based on ITS, LSU
and rpb2 sequence data, our six sequences (two for each
marker) derived from the Indian collections of L. kanadii (IB
19-020 and IB 19-025) and another sequence derived from
a Chinese collection (JXSB1161 being wrongly labelled /
submitted as Lactarius piperatus) clustered together with full
bootstrap support (100 %) and are sister to a clade bearing
sequences of another Asian Lactifluus species, L. quercicola
described from South Korea. Due to the larger pileus (40 –150
mm diam), much smaller basidiospores (4.7– 5.5– 5.7– 6.4 ×
4.2 –4.9– 5.0 – 5.6 μm) with ornamentation only up to 0.3 μm
and the hyphoepithelial nature of the pileipellis, L. quericola
can be easily distinguished from L. kanadii (Lee et al. in prep.).
*Colour codes and terms used here are mostly after Methuen Handbook of
Colour (Kornerup & Wanscher 1978).
FP1257 Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogram inferred from raxmlGUI v. 2.0 (Edler et al. 2021) based on concatenated three-locus (nuc rDNA ITS, nrLSU
and rpb2) sequences of Lactifluus. Bootstrap support values (> 70 %) obtained from the Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis are shown above or below the
branches at nodes. Sequences derived from the novel Indian species Lactifluus kanadii (vouchers IB 19-020 and IB 19-025) are presented in blue and bold font.
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1261 – Mollisia endogranulata
(Notes continued)
in ectal excipulum as it is mostly reduced to the outer cells and
partly supplemented by pigments dissolved in the outermost cell
VBs. Ectal excipular cells or intercellular space are equipped
by crystalloid or granular refractive matter in phylogenetically
closest members, i.e., M. prismatica (extracellular prismatic
crystals), M. endocrystallina (intracellular crystalloid bodies),
and M. endogranulata (intracellular granular matter). All species
of this clade have an euamyloid apical ring, except for M. fallens whose asci are inamyloid according to Dennis (1950). The
most related and at the same time most similar M. endocrystallina has freely floating, hyaline and moderately refractive,
rosettiform crystalloid bodies, differentially stainable in CRB
and IKI, dissolved in KOH, inside ectal excipular and marginal
cells (cf. Crous et al. 2019a), whereas M. endogranulata has
fixed, moderately refractive, KOH-resistant granules that are
differentially stainable in CRB, and CRB+KOH, unstainable with
IKI (REGs). Furthermore, the sporoplasm in M. endocrystallina
contains highly refractive non-lipid vacuoles, which are lacking
in M. endogranulata, while VBs absent from the outermost cells
of margin and upper ectal excipulum are present in M. endogranulata. Mollisia prismatica (cf. Tanney & Seifert 2020)
differs by prismatic extracellular crystals, while ecto-excipular
intracellular granules are absent in this species; also the medullary excipulum is much thicker which is why the apothecia are
pulvinate. In M. endogranulata apothecia are basically discoid
(though often much lobed in large ascomata). Ascospores
of M. prismatica are ± homopolar, significantly less variable,
and stouter; 9.3 –10.5 × 3.2 – 3.7 µm; Q = 2.6– 3.2 (measured
and calculated from the photomicrograph in Tanney & Seifert
2020) vs rather heteropolar and very variable, more elongated,
8.9 –14.7 × 3 – 4.2 µm, Q = 2.4– 4 in M. endogranulata. The
axenic cultures of M. endogranulata copiously produce two
kinds of crystalloid matter along the edges of colonies: a) large,
stellate-dendritic sulphur yellow crystal aggregations; and b)
smaller but more numerous fibrillar-fasciculate orange formations. According to Tanney & Seifert (2020), M. prismatica
cultures produce only the first kind of crystals. An aggregate
of mutually very closely related taxa with euamyloid asci, belonging to the same clade, i.e., M. caesia, M. discolor and M.
ventosa have very elongated ascospores with high lipid content
(cf. Le Gal & Mangenot 1958, 1961, unpubl. data), which is in
clear contrast to a nearly completely eguttulate ascospores in
the newly described species. Phylogenetically still not analysed
M. rivularis and M. uda ss. auct. are also similar. Mollisia rivularis is KOH negative like M. endogranulata, but its spores are
narrower, 1.8 – 2.4 µm in Krieglsteiner (2004) and 1.7– 2 µm in
Svrček (1987) vs 3 – 4.2 µm in M. endogranulata, and contain
conspicuous oil drops. On the other hand, M. uda is KOH positive (unlike M. endogranulata). There are some other Mollisia
species that produce crystals (e.g., M. ramealis, M. retincola,
M. hydrophila), but these crystals are octaedric or a large
druses, always produced in apothecial medullary excipulum
(unpubl. data). Those species have very elongated ascospores
(width mostly below 3 µm) and high lipid content.
FP1261 Phylogenetic tree obtained from a maximum likelihood analysis based on concatenated ITS and LSU sequences of Mollisia endogranulata and
related species by using Ultrafast Maximum Likelihood (as implemented in IQ-TREE) (Trifinopoulos et al. 2016) with automatic substitution model setting and
1 000 ultrafast bootstrap (BS) replications. Culture/voucher collection accession numbers follow the species name. Significant branch support values, SH-aLRT
support (≥ 70 %) / Bayesian posterior probability (≥ 0.95) / ultrafast bootstrap (BS) support (≥ 70 %), are presented at the nodes, lower support indicated by a
hyphen (-). The tree is rooted with Chlorencoelia versiformis (DAOMC 251598) and the novel species is indicated in bold.
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1269 –1272 – Pseudosydowia backhousiae
Pseudosydowia indooroopillyensis
Pseudosydowia louisecottisiae
Pseudosydowia queenslandica
(Notes continued)
Notes — Pseudosydowia (Thambugala et al. 2014) was established as a monophyletic genus to accommodate Sphaerulina eucalypti (Verwoerd & Du Plessis 1931), which also has
nomenclatural synonyms Selenophoma eucalypti (Crous et
al. 1995) and Sydowia eucalypti (Crous et al. 2003). Pseudosydowia currently contains two species, P. eucalypti (Thambugala et al. 2014) and P. eucalyptorum (Crous et al. 2019c),
which were both first discovered and described from the
surfaces of Eucalyptus leaves in South Africa and Australia,
respectively. The four novel species described share similar
conidial morphological characteristics and were all isolated from
myrtaceous host plants. All six species of Pseudosydowia can
be distinguished based on ITS sequence data.
Pseudosydowia backhousiae ITS sequence megablast search
similarities to P. eucalypti (strain CPC 14927, GenBank
GQ303297.1; Identities = 670/673 (99 %), two gaps (0 %)) and
P. eucalyptorum (strain CBS 145546, GenBank NR_165231.1;
Identities = 579 /594 (97 %), three gaps (0 %)).
Pseudosydowia indooroopillyensis ITS sequence megablast search showed similarities to P. eucalypti (strain CPC
14928, GenBank GQ303296.1; Identities = 556/562 (99 %),
no gaps) and P. eucalyptorum (strain CBS 145546, GenBank
NR_165231.1; Identities = 547/ 569 (96 %), five gaps (0 %)).
Similarities using the LSU sequence are P. eucalypti (strain CPC
14928, GenBank GQ303327.1; Identities = 876/877 (99 %),
no gaps) and P. eucalyptorum (strain CBS 145546, GenBank
NG_067893.1; Identities = 847/853 (96 %), no gaps).
Pseudosydowia louisecottisiae ITS sequence megablast
search similarities to P. eucalypti (strain CPC 14927, GenBank
GQ303297.1; Identities = 670/673 (99 %), two gaps (0 %)) and
P. eucalyptorum (strain CBS 145546, GenBank NR_165231.1;
Identities = 579/594 (97 %), three gaps (0 %)).
Pseudosydowia queenslandica ITS sequence megablast
search showed similarities to P. eucalypti (strain CPC 14928,
GenBank GQ303296.1; Identities = 437/444 (99 %), four gaps
(0 %)) and P. eucalyptorum (strain CBS 145546, GenBank
NR_165231.1; Identities = 434/444 (98 %), one gap (0 %)).
Similarities using the LSU sequence are P. eucalypti (strain CPC
14928, GenBank GQ303327.1; Identities = 838/839 (99 %),
no gaps) and P. eucalyptorum (strain CBS 145546, GenBank
NG_067893.1; Identities = 787/790 (99 %), no gaps).
BRIP 28248T
Pseudosydowia indooroopillyensis sp. nov.
BRIP 28246
BRIP
28247
-/0.95
BRIP 28185T
Pseudosydowia louisecottisiae sp. nov.
BRIP 28159
BRIP 28157
BRIP 28243T Pseudosydowia backhousiae sp. nov.
BRIP 28249T Pseudosydowia queenslandica sp. nov.
Pseudosydowia eucalypti CBS 131832
Pseudosydowia eucalyptorum CBS 145546T
Saccothecium sepincola CBS 748.71
Saccothecium rubi MFLUCC 14-1171T
95/1.0
100/1.0
0.02
FP1269–1272 Phylogenetic tree of Pseudosydowia species based on a maximum likelihood analysis of a combined multilocus alignment (ITS and LSU).
Analyses were performed on the Geneious v. 11.1.2 platform (Biomatters Ltd.) using RAxML v. 8.2.11 (Stamatakis 2014) and MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist &
Huelsenbeck 2003), both based on the GTR substitution model with gamma-distribution rate variation. Branch lengths are proportional to distance. RAxML
bootstrap (bs) values greater than 70 % and Bayesian posterior probabilities (pp) greater than 0.8 are given at the branches (bs/pp). Saccothecium rubi and
S. sepincola were used as outgroup. Novel taxa are indicated in bold. Ex-type strains are marked with T.
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1273 – Russula quintanensis
UE09.08.2004-6 (UPS) Lactifluus piperatus
FH12-211 (GENT) Russula ochroleuca
F16576 (UBC) Russula viscida
101708 (TU) Russula aquosa
250410 (HMAS) Russula chiui Type
1.00/98
FH12-262 (GENT) Russula mairei
1.00/97
UE05.10.2003-11 (UPS) Russula emetica
1.00/100
1.00/88
101718 (TU) Russula atrorubens
101701 (TU) Russula nana
r-09003 Russula aff. betularum
1.00/99
101714 (TU) Russula consobrina
46459 (AH) Russula monospora ●
FH12-185 (GENT) Russula fellea
JR7994 (KUO) Russula suecica
FH12-240 (GENT) Russula sanguinea
UE21.09.2003-01 (UPS) Russula persicina
UE23.08.2004-14 (PC) Russula gracillima
1.00/91
n179/93 (TUB) Russula exalbicans
0.96/93
HJB9990 (UPS) Russula lepida
1.00/100
1.00/100
r-03045 Russula sp.
BB2004-254 (PC) Russula cf. flavisiccans
SLM41I62 Russula osphranticarpa ●
1.00/100
1.00/100
JMV800185 (BCN) Russula candidissima ●
61382 (OSC) Russula stewartii ●
1.00/100
1395 (CAL) Russula sarnarii Type
1.00/100
FH12-177 (GENT) Russula romellii
6472 (MCVE) Russula alutacea
0.84/77
0.95/81
101733 (TU) Russula aurea
1.00/100
SLM43I84 Russula theodoroui ●
1.00/100
2238232 (MEL) Russula wollumbina
0.67/84
77744 (PDD) Russula atrovirens
1.00/100
B181 Russula sp.
BB2733 (PC) Russula clariana
1.00/88
FAN455 (BJTC) Russula megapseudocystidiata
FAN492 (BJTC) Russula absphaerocellaris
BB229/06.324 (PC) Russula corallina
1.00/90
BB537/08.668 (PC) Russula azurea
0.93/78
BB435/07.213 (PC) Russula lilacea
BB430/07.780 (PC) Russula rosea
0.99/76
1.00/99
BPL270 (TENN) Russula peckii
BPL240 (TENN) Russula rubellipes
1.00/98
1.00/100
TL2136 (MEL) Russula albobrunnea
0.93/77
92049 (PDD) Russula kermesina ●
BPL654 (TENN) Russula rugulosa
1.00/93
101839 (TU) Russula puellaris
JC180617NR Russula meridionalis ●
1.00/92
JL201111182 (BCN) Russula var. messapica
1.00/100
BB526.07/186 (PC) Russula odorata
1.00/94
BB525.07/219 (PC) Russula cessans
1.00/60
1.00/100
BB589.07/288 (PC) Russula versicolor
1.00/99
(0.92/65)
r-04039 Russula versicolor
BJTC FAN455 Russula brevipileocystidiata
r3245 Russula aurantioflammans
SLM480MC Russula subloculata ●
T16027 (OSC) Russula californica ●
0.71/100
29622 (OSC) Russula setigera ●
1.00/74
56167 (OSC) Russula monticola ●
FH12-206 (GENT) Russula curtipes
FH12-223 (GENT) Russula fontqueri
JMV20160517-1 (BCN) Russula vidalii ●
0.96/49
G-166 (HAI) Russula galileensis ●
1.00/72
662 (MCVE) Russula laricinoaffinis
FCO-Fungi 26 Russula quintanensis sp. nov. Type ●
1.00/55
46374 (AH) Russula vinaceodora ●
1.00/98
0.95/48
MSM0025 (LAH) Russula sichuanensis ●
r-04075
Russula murrillii
1.00/95
BB575.08/681 (PC) Russula laricina
0.92/77
FH12-173 (GENT) Russula nauseosa
FH12-216 (GENT) Russula paludosa
1.00/98
OUC97303 (DAVFP) Russula xerampelina
1.00/100
JMV800628 (BCN) Russula hobartiae Type ●
BPL231 (TENN) Russula cf. ochrophylla
FH12-218 (GENT) Russula nitida
0.96/42
hue146 (TUB) Russula caerulea
r-03043 Russula punicea
AT2004142 (UPS) Russula firmula
0.99/56
FH12-196 (GENT) Russula decolorans
F124791 (UPS) Russula vinosa
1.00/98
FH12-212 (GENT) Russula claroflava
FH12-172 (GENT) Russula integra
0.99/59
F-2921 (SAV) Russula velenovskyi
0.96/75
T12607 (OSC) Russula tapawera Type ●
1.00/100
T12610 (OSC) Russula rubrolutea Type ●
H5038 (OSC) Russula sessilis ●
0.56/83
hue215 (TUB) Russula amethystina
1.00/100
101874 (TU) Russula turci
1.00/72
101806 (TU) Russula roseipes
1.00/98
51028
(OSC)
Russula chlorineolens USA ●
1.00/74
UE03.07.2003-08 (UPS) Russula risigallina
F-3107 (SAV) Russula puellula
FH12-250 (GENT) Russula cuprea
0.96/26
16243 (MCVE) Russula dryadicola
0.58/89
1.00/100
F-2018-2 (KRA) Russula mattiroloana ●
FH-2007-BT121 (GENT) Russula globispora
1.00/61
JMV800641 (BCN) Russula mediterraneensis Type ●
1.00/97
1.00/99
JC171001N Russula candida ●
FR852097 Uncultured
HM-R-9702 (M) Russula nympharum
1.00/97
1.00/86
FH2010-BT184 (GENT) Russula maculata
1.00/97
ZWG2011 Russula sp.
MAM0077 (LAH) Russula sp.
0.70/72
CFXY10066 Russula sp.
1.00/96
1.00/100
0.86/76
0.98/56
1.00/99
section
Laricinae
0.05
FP1273 P50 % majority rule consensus phylogram obtained in MrBayes from 7 500 sampled trees after the analysis of a combined alignment of ITS rDNA,
28S rDNA and rpb2 sequences of Russula s.str. Nodes were annotated if supported by ≥ 0.95 Bayesian PP (left) or ≥ 70 % ML BP (right).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1274 – Simplicillium niveum
FP1274-2 List of species and GenBank accession numbers of sequences used
in this study.
Species
Simplicillium aogashimaense
Simplicillium calcicola
Simplicillium chinense
Simplicillium cicadellidae
Simplicillium coffeanum
Simplicillium cylindrosporum
Simplicillium filiforme
Simplicillium formicae
Simplicillium formicidae
Simplicillium lamellicola
Simplicillium lanosoniveum
Simplicillium lepidopterorum
Simplicillium minatense
Simplicillium niveum
Simplicillium obclavatum
Simplicillium spumae
Simplicillium subtropicum
Simplicillium sympodiophorum
Gibellula gamsii
Voucher no.
T
JCM 18167
JCM 18168
LC 5371
LC 5586T
CGMCC 3.14969
CGMCC 3.14970T
GY 11011T
GY 11012
COAD 2057T
COAD 2061
JCM 18169T
JCM 18170
URM 7918
BCC 88410
MFLUCC 18-1379T
DL 10041T
DL 10042
CBS 116.25T
CBS 704.86
CBS 123.42T
CBS 531.72
GY 29131T
GY 29132
JCM 18177
JCM 18176T
BCC 83036T
CBS 311.74T
JCM 18179
JCM 39051T
JCM 18181
JCM 18180T
JCM 18184T
BCC 25798
BCC 27968T
ITS
LSU
AB604002
AB604004
KU746705
KU746706
JQ410323
JQ410324
MN006249
MN006250
MF066034
MF066035
AB603989
AB603994
MH979338
MN960260
MK766511
MN006241
MN006242
AJ292393
AJ292396
MH856100
MH860557
MN006246
MN006252
AB603991
AB603992
MW620992
AJ292394
AB604000
LC496870
AB603995
AB603990
AB604003
MH152532
MH152529
LC496874
LC496875
KU746751
KU746752
JQ410321
JQ410322
–
–
MF066032
MF066033
LC496876
LC496877
MH979399
MN944563
MK766512
MN006247
MN006248
NG042381
AF339553
MH867593
MH872261
–
–
–
LC496878
MW621499
NG042535
–
LC496884
–
–
–
MH152542
MH152539
Simplicillium lepidopterorum GY 29131T
0.99/88
Simplicillium minatense JCM 18177
Simplicillium minatense JCM 18176T
0.61/0.75/94
0.85/1.00/94
Simplicillium lepidopterorum GY 29132
Simplicillium cylindrosporum JCM 18169T
Simplicillium cylindrosporum JCM 18170
Simplicillium lanosoniveum CBS 704.86
Simplicillium lanosoniveum CBS 123.42T
1.00/86
Simplicillium lanosoniveum CBS 531.72
1.00/81
Simplicillium cicadellidae GY 11011T
1.00/99
Simplicillium cicadellidae GY 11012
0.99/88
Simplicillium subtropicum JCM 18180T
0.93/52
Simplicillium subtropicum JCM 18181
Simplicillium formicae MFLUCC 18-1379T
0.93/73
The accession numbers marked in bold font refer to sequences new in this study.
Simplicillium formicae BCC88410
0.94/57
Simplicillium spumae JCM 39051T
0.96/-
Simplicillium obclavatum CBS 311.74T
Simplicillium obclavatum JCM 18179
Simplicillium aogashimaense JCM 18167T
1.00/93
Simplicillium aogashimaense JCM 18168
Simplicillium calcicola LC 5586T
0.98/56
Simplicillium calcicola LC 5371
1.00/97
Simplicillium lamellicola CBS 116.25T
0.92/59
Simplicillium sympodiophorum JCM 18184T
Simplicillium coffeanum COAD 2057T
0.93/88
0.60/1.00/93
Simplicillium coffeanum COAD 2061
Simplicillium filiforme URM 7918
Simplicillium chinense CGMCC 3.14969
1.00/99
Simplicillium chinense CGMCC 3.14970T
Simplicillium niveum BCC 83036T
Simplicillium formicidae DL 10041T
Simplicillium formicidae DL 10042
Gibellula gamsii BCC 27968T
Gibellula gamsii BCC 25798
0.1
FP1274-1 Phylogenetic tree derived from a Bayesian analysis based on a combined dataset comprising ITS and LSU sequences. The data was analysed
using Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum likelihood (ML). Bayesian phylogenetic inference was calculated with MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist et al. 2012), with
3 M generations and under the GTR+I+G model. The ML analysis was run with RAxML-VI-HPC2 v. 8.2.12 (Stamatakis 2014) on XSEDE in the CIPRES portal
(www.phylo.org). Numbers at the significant nodes represent Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP) / RAxML bootstrap support values (ML-BS). Thickened
lines in the tree represent fully supported branches (BPP = 1, ML-BS = 100). The new species is shown in bold font and a coloured box. GenBank accession
numbers are provided in the supplementary table (FP1274-2).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1276 – Suillus praetermissus
FP1276 ITS rDNA phylogenetic tree obtained with MrBayes v. 3.2.5 (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003) under GTR+I+G model for 10 M generations on the
partial ITS sequence alignment (445 nucleotides including alignment gaps). The GenBank accession numbers are indicated after species names. Novel species is indicated in a bold font in the green box. Support values are indicated on the branches (posterior probabilities). Scale bar = 0.4 expected substitutions
per site. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (study S27683).
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1277 – Tetraploa endophytica
FP1277-1 Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree obtained from concatenated ITS and LSU rDNA sequences of Tetraploa species showing the
position of T. endophytica within the genus. The final alignment consisted
of 37 sequences and 1 309 positions including the outgroups, 514 from the
ITS alignment and 795 from the LSU. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian
inference analyses were conducted using RAxML v. 8.2.12 (Stamatakis
2014) and MrBayes v. 3.2.7a (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003), respectively,
on the CIPRES Science Gateway server (Miller et al. 2010). The ML analysis
employed the rapid bootstrapping algorithm using the GTRCAT model and
1 000 bootstrap iterations. Bayesian inference consisted of two independent
runs of 10 M generations sampled every 100th generation and the first 25 %
of trees discarded as burn-in. Bootstrap support values ≥ 70 % and Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥ 0.95 are indicated by numbers close to nodes
and thickened branches, respectively. The tree is rooted with Ernakulamia
cochinensis (PRC 3992) and Quadricrura bicornis (CBS 125427). The novel
Tetraploa species is highlighted in bold. The alignment and trees were
deposited in TreeBASE (study 27855).
FP1277-2 List of strains included in this study and their GenBank accession
numbers.
Taxon
Strain
ITS
LSU
Ernakulamia cochinensis
Quadricrura bicornis
Tetraploa aristata
Tetraploa dwibahubeeja
PRC 3992
CBS 125427
CBS 996.70
NFCCI 4621
NFCCI 4623
NFCCI 4622
CBS 147114
KT 1682
KUMCC 18-0109
NFCCI 4626
NFCCI 4625
NFCCI 4624
5-1
FU 31019
JNTG10
A2S3-3
KT 563
CY112
MFLUCC 19-0319
MFLUCC 18-0652
MBG-BO-867
MFLU 19-0995
MFLU 19-0996
KT 2578
MFLU 20-0441
KT 1684
NFCCI 4628
NFCCI 4627
NFCCI 4629
MFLUCC 11-0131
CBS 125435
KT 1906
P1501
M1403
WSF14_RG24_2
JSP 06 C 2.5
YIMPH30032
LT964671
MH863682
AB524805
MN937226
MN937225
MN937224
KT270279
AB524806
MK079890
MN937231
MN937230
MN937232
KX440178
MN937236
KT184775
KJ780764
AB524807
HQ607964
MT627743
MT627711
MT641232
MT530448
MT530449
–
MT627744
–
MN937233
MN937235
MN937234
MF621048
MH863690
AB524808
KY987533
KY987520
KU597320
KR093874
KP230833
LT964670
MH875149
AB524627
MN937208
MN937207
MN937206
MW659165
AB524630
MK079891
MN937213
MN937212
MN937214
–
MN937218
–
–
AB524631
–
MN913735
MN913697
–
MT530452
MT530453
AB524629
MT627655
AB524628
MN937215
MN937217
MN937216
–
MH875156
AB524632
–
–
–
–
–
Tetraploa endophytica
Tetraploa nagasakiensis
Tetraploa pseudoaristata
Tetraploa sasicola
Tetraploa scheueri
Tetraploa sp.
Tetraploa thrayabahubeeja
Tetraploa yakushimensis
Tetraplosphaeria sp.
Supplementary material
Fungal Planet 1282 & 1283 – Fusarium aconidiale & Fusarium juglandicola
Fusarium heterosporum CBS 391.68
Fusarium nurragi CBS 393.96
Fusarium sinensis CBS 122710
Fusarium avenaceum CBS 408.86
99/1
-/0.97
Fusarium reticulatum CBS 473.76
99/1
100/1
Fusarium citriforme CBS 253.50
-/0.99
Fusarium tricinctum NRRL 25481
Fusarium tricinctum species complex
Fusarium gamsii CBS 143610
100/1
Fusarium iranicum CBS 143608
Fusarium flocciferum CBS 821.68
100/1
Fusarium petersiae CBS 143231
100/0.99
Fusarium citricola CBS 142421
97/0.99
Fusarium citricola CPC 27067
99/1
Fusarium salinense CBS 142420
100/1
Fusarium salinense CPC 26403
CBS 147772/UBOCC-A-109005T
Fusarium citricola species complex
Fusarium aconidiale
Fusarium celtidicola KUMCC16-0019
98/0.98
93/0.96
CBS 147773/UBOCC-A-119001T
CBS 147775/UBOCC-A-102014
Fusarium juglandicola
CBS 147774/UBOCC-A-101147
0.04
FP1282 & 1283 The maximum likelihood consensus tree inferred from the combined rpb1, rpb2 and tef1 sequence alignment using RAxML v. 8.2.9 (Stamatakis 2014). The robustness of the analysis was evaluated by bootstrap support (BS) with the number of bootstrap replicates automatically determined by the
software. The combined sequence dataset included 19 ingroup taxa with Fusarium heterosporum (CBS 391.68) as outgroup. The dataset consisted of 4 177
characters including gaps. Additionally, MrBayes v. 3.2.1 (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003) was used for BI to generate phylogenetic trees under optimal criteria
for each locus. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm of four chains was initiated in parallel from a random tree topology with the heating parameter
set at 0.3. The MCMC analysis lasted until the average standard deviation of split frequencies was below 0.01 with trees saved every 1 000 generations. The
first 25 % of saved trees were discarded as the ‘burn-in’ phase and posterior probabilities (PP) were determined from the remaining trees. Support values (BS
& PP values) are indicated at the branches. The scale bar indicates 0.04 expected changes per site.
Suzanne Rooney-Latham