INT. J. BIOL. BIOTECH., 12 (3): 431-436, 2015.
FUNGAL RECORDS ON MORUS SPECIES FROM PAKISTAN
Syed Qaiser Abbas1, Robab Ayesha1 and Alia Abbas2
1
Department of Botany, Government College University, Allama Iqbal road, Chenab Chok, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi,
Pakistan
2
ABSTRACT
Eighty two (82) fungi comprised of sixty (60) genera have been reported on Morus species from Pakistan. This fungal list also
include addition of twelve species of fungi on Morus alba from the area.
Key-words: Morus species, Mulberry, fungi, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
INTRODUCTION
Morus alba (Mulberry) belongs to family Moraceae and is a native plant of China. Four species of Morus are
reported from Pakistan. M. alba is cultivated throughout the Pakistan. M. nigra is the most widely cultivated species
after M. alba. M. macroura (syn. M. laevigata) is cultivated in Punjab (Rawalpindi and Lahore), and often grafted
on M. alba. M. serrata is frequently cultivated on higher altitudes, (Ghafoor, 1985).
The leaves of Morus alba are well-known as food for the silk-producing larvae. Other plant parts are used in
making textiles, paper, pesticides, furniture, musical instruments, sculptures and medicines. The pollen grain of
Morus nigra L. causing allergic asthama in Islamabad and its vicinity, that is why its cultivation is banned in
Islamabad area.
Kingdom: Protista
Phylum: Myxomycota
Class: Myxomycetes
Physarella oblonga Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Morgan (1896), [RSD]; Physaraceae (B & C). Morgan.
On bark of Morus alba from Sangla Hill (Lodhi, 1951; Ahmad, 1956).
Reticularia lycoperdon Bull., Hist. Champ. France (Paris) 1: 95 (1791) Bull.
On hollow trunk of Morus alba, from Balakot (Lodhi, 1951; Ahmad, 1956, Ahmad et al.,1997).
Phylum: Ascomycota
Class: Ascomycetes
Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug.) Ces. & De Not., Comm. Soc. crittog. Ital. 1(4): 212 (1863) (Moug. ex Fries) Les.
& de Not.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad,1956, 1972b, 1978a).
Cryptovalsa mori (Nitschke) Vassiljeva
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga, Lahore; (Ahmad, 1962, 1978a).
Cryptovalsa nitschkei Fuckel,
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1978a; Khan, 1989).
Cryptovalsa rabenhorstii (Nitschke) Sacc., (1882) (Nitschke) Sacc.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Rasul Head works, Daphar plantation; (Ahmad, 1978a).
Eutypella iranica Petrak in Sydowia, 18 (1964) p. 366 (1965)
On twigs (die back) of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1972b; Ahmad et al., 1997).
Eutypella russodes (Berk. & Broome) Berl., Icon. fung. (Abellini) 3: 54 (1902) (Berk. & Br.) Berl.
On twigs (die back) of Morus alba, from Changa Manga, Lahore, Sargoda, Bhalwal, Kharian, Ladhar, Sheikhupura;
very common in the area (Ahmad, 1962, 1969a; 1978a, Khan, 1989).
Hercospora ahmadii Petrak in Sydowia 21, (1967) p. 231. 1968.
On branches of Morus alba, from W. Pakistan, Changa Manga; (Petrak, 1967; Ahmad, 1972b, 1978a, Ahmad et al.,
1997).
Hypoxylon hypomiltum Mont.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1956, 1978a; Khan, 1989).
Massaria epileuca (Berk & Curt.) Winter.
432
S.Q. ABBAS ET AL.,
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Ladhar, Changa Manga, Chicha Watni; (Ahmad, 1956; 1978b; Ahmad and
Arshad, 1972a; Whemeyer and Ahmad, 1964).
Massaria mori Miyake.
On dead twigs of Morus alba, from Pakistan; (Mirza et al., 1965).
Massarina polymorpha (Rehm) Sacc.
On branches of Morus alba, from Lahore; (Ahmad, 1978b; Ahmad et al., 1997).
Nectria sanguinea Pers. ex Fr.
On twigs (canker) of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad 1956; Khan, 1989)
Nodulisporium gregarium (Berk. & Curtis) Mey.
From Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1962, 1969a; Khan, 1998; Ahmad et al., 1997)
Phyllactinia corylea (Pers.) Karast.
On leaves (Powdery mildew) of Morus alba, from Lahore, Peshawar, Abtabad, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Choa
Siadan Shaha, Tandojam, and Haiderabad; (Khan and Kamal, 1968; Ahmad et al., 1997)
Pleospora intermedia Speg.
On leaves (leaf rust) of Morus alba, from Pakistan; (Khan, 1989).
Rosellinia aquila (Fr.) De Not.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Sheikhupora, Changa Manga Hassan abdal, Choa Saidan Shah; very
common (Khan, 1989).
Thyridaria cajugae Rehm.,
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1962, 1969a; 1978a; Khan, 1989; Ahmad et al.,
1997).
Valsella moricola Ahmad in Sydowia
On branches (canker) of Morus alba, from Shadra, Lahore, Changa Mangha (Ahmad, 1948, 1956; Khan, 1989;
Ahmad et al., 1997).
Xylaria hypoxylon L. ex Grev.
On stumps and logs of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1956; Mirza and Qureshi, 1978; Khan,1989;
Ahmad et al., 1997).
Xylaria polymorpha (Pers. Ex St.Amans) Grev.
On roots (root rot) of Morus alba, from Murree Hills; (Khan, 1960, 1989).
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Class: Basidiomycetes
Aecidium mori (Barclay) Syd. & Butler.
On leaves (leaf Rust) of Morus alba and Morus serrate, from Mahandri (Kaghan valley); (Ahmad, 1969a; Khan,
1952, 1954; Khan, 1989; Ahmad et al., 1997).
Fomes conchatus (Pers. ex Fr.) Gill.
On stem (White wood rot) of Morus sp., from Punjab, Azad Kashmir; (Khan, 1952, 1960)
Fomes ignarius (L. ex Fr.) Kickx.
On stem (White wood rot) of Morus sp., from Punjab; (Khan, 1952, 1960).
Fomes lividus (Kalchbr. ex Cooke) Sacc.
On wood (White spongy rot) of Morus alba, from Punjab; (Khan, 1960).
Ganoderma applanatum (Pers. ex Wahlr) Pat.
On stem (Heart rot) of Morus alba, from Changa Manga, Sialkot, Sangla Hill, Rawalpindi; (Ahmad, 1956, 1972a;
Khan, 1952).
Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss ex Fr.) Karast.
On the base of trees of Morus alba, from Lahore, Sialkot, Gujranwala, Sangla Hill, Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1956).
Ganoderma sp.
At the base of the main stem of Morus alba, from Gatwala Faisalabad; (Qureshi and Ahmad, 971).
Irpex flavus Klotzsch.
On logs of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1956, 1972b).
Lenzites adusta Massee.
On stem (wood rot) of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1956, 1967, 1969a, 1972a; Ahmad et al.,1997)
Ahmad (1967).
Lenzites platyphyla Lev.
On logs of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1967, 1969a, 1972a).
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FUNGAL RECORDS ON MORUS SPECIES FROM PAKISTAN
433
Lentinus strigosus (Schw) Fr.
On trunk of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1962).
Lopharia fulva (Lev.) Boidin,
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga, Kaghan; (Ahmad, 1956).
Marasmium griseovoilaceus petch.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1962).
Pistillaria filiformis Corner.
On fallen leaves. of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1972a).
Phellinus lividus (Kalchbr. ex Cooke).
On living tree of Morus alba, from Lahore, Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1972a).
Podoscypha pealodes ssp. rosulata Reid, Beith, Z.Nova.
On dead wood of Morus alba, from Cnanga Manga, Sheikhupora (Ladhar); (Ahmad 1967, 1969a, 1972a; Khan,
1989; Ahmad et al., 1997).
Polyporus adustus (Willd.) Fr.
On bark (Wood rot) of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1956; Khan, 1989).
Polyporus hispidus Bull. ex Fr.
On bark (Wood rot) of Morus alba, from Balakot (Ahmad, 1956; Quraishi and Jamal, 1972; Beg, 1973; Beg and
Jamal, 1974; Khan, 1989).
Polysticuts hirsutus Wulf ex Fr.
On dead wood (Wood rot) of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1956).
Polysticuts proteus Berk.
On dead wood (Wood rot) of Morus alba, from Sialkot, Sangla Hill, Changa Manga, Lahore; (Ahmad, 1956; Khan,
1952).
Poria versipora (Pers.) Romell,
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad,1962,1969a, 1972a, Ahmad et al.,1997)
Rigidoporus microporus (Sw.) Overem.
On bark of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1980).
Rigidoporus vinetus (Berk.) Ryvarden.
On stump (wood rot) of Morus alba, from Changa Manga, Chicha Watni; (Ahmad and Arshad, 1982).
Stereum schomburzkii Berk.
On stump (wood rot) of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1956; Khan, 1989).
Trametes cingulata Berk.
On logs of Morus alba, from Lahore, Changa Manga., (Ahmad, 1969a, 1972a; Ahmad et al., 1997).
Trametes corrugata (Pers. ex Fr.) Bres.
On logs and stumps of Morus alba, from Changa Manga, Zafarwal; (Ahmad, 1969a, 1967, 1972a; Ahmad et al.,
1997)
Trametes lactinea (Berk.) Sacc.
On logs (wood rot) of Morus alba, from Gujrat, Chicha Watni; (Khan, 1952; Ahmad, 1956, 1972a).
Phylum: Ascomycota
Class: Deuteromycetes (Asexual state of Ascomycota and some Basidiomycota)
Hyphomycetes
Cercospora mori Hara, Jou.
On leaves (Leaf spot) of Morus alba, from Faisalabad; (Ahmad, 1969a).
Cercospora moricola Cooke, Rev.
On leaves (Leaf spot) of Morus alba, from Karachi; (Ghaffar and Kafi, 1968, Ghafoor and Khan 1976, 1969a;
Ahmad et al.,1997; Khan,1989).
Cercospora snelliana Richert.
On leaves (Leaf spot) of Morus alba, from Lahore, Faisalabad; (Ahmad, 1962; Khan and Kamal, 1963, 1968).
Cladosporium mori Syd.
On Morus alba, from Quetta; (Malik and Virk, 1968).
Clasterosporium mori Syd.
On leaves (Leaf spot) of Morus alba, from Changa Manga, Sangla hill, Sialkot; (Ahmad, 1956).
Dictyosporium toruloides (Corda) Gueg.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga Ghoragali; (Ahmad, 1962, 1969a)
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434
S.Q. ABBAS ET AL.,
Fusarium lateritium Nees.
On roots of Morus alba, from Hyderabad; (Mirza, Kafi and Huqee, 1965).
Hansfordia ugandensis Hughes.
On leaves of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1962, 1969a; Khan and Kamal, 1968).
Memnoniella subsimplex (Cooke) Deight.
On the bark of stem of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Qureshi and Ahmad, 1971).
Stilbella proliferans Stevens.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1969a).
Torula herbarum (Pers.) Fr. F. quetetnrlla Sacc.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Bhagat, Faisalabad; (Qureshi and Ahmad, 1971).
Tricosporium masseei Sacc.
On the bark of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1956).
Trimatosporium sp.
On branches and bark of stem of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Qureshi and Ahmad, 1971).
Coelomycetes
Aplosporella mori (Berl.) Petr & Sd.
(As Haplosporella mori ) On dead branches of Morus alba, from Pirawala; (Qureshi and Ahmad, 1971; Khan,
1989)
Aplosporella moricola Berl. (as Haplosporella moricola)
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Lahore; (Ahmad, 1956, 1969a; Khan, 1989).
Botryodiplodia anceps Sacc.& syd.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Mang, DaulatalamKachai; (Ahmad, 1956, 1962; Ahmad and Arshad,
1972a).
Camarosporium passerini Sacc.
On leaves (Leaf spot) of Morus alba, from Kohat; (Ahmad, 1968, 1969a; Khan, 1989).
Coniotyrium foedens Sacc.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1963, 1969a).
Coniothyrium murorum Briosi & Farn.
On branches of Morus alba, from Daulatala, Karachi and Kohat; (Ahmad and Arshad, 1972a).
Coniothyrium olivaceium Bon. Apud. Fuuckle.,
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga;(Qureshi and Ahmad, 1971).
Coryneum mori Nomura.
On twigs (twig and girdling) of Morus alba, from Karachi; (Khan, 1955; Ahmad et al., 1997).
Cytospora atra (Bonrd.) Sacc.
On Morus serrate, from Kohat, Chikar and Muzaffarabad; (Ahmad, 1964, 1969a; Ahmad and Arshad, 1972a)
Dichomera moricola Ahmad & Arshad, Biologia 18 (2): 115 (1972).
On branches of Morus alba, from Kohat; (Ahmad & Arshad, 1972b, Ahmad et al., 1997).
Diplodia mori Wested.
On dead branches of Morus alba. from Wazirabad, Lahore, Ladhar (Shiekhupora), Kohat, Rawalpindi; (Ahmad,
1951, 1956, 1962, 1967; Ahmad and Arshad, 1972a; Khan, 1989; Ahmad et al., 1997).
Diplodia natalensis Pole-Evans.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Lahore; (Ahmad, 1962, 1969a)
Dothiorella berengeriana Sacc.
On bark (canker) of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1956, Ahmad and Arshad, 1972a; Khan, 1989;
Ahmad et al., 1997).
Hendersonula toruloidea Nattrass.
On twigs (twig and girdling) of Morus alba, from Khanewal, Chichawatni, Changa Manga; On Morus alba die back
disease in Sindh and Punjab (Khanewal, Lahore) Faisalabad; (Khan, 1955, 1956, 1959, 1989; Qureshi and Ahmad,
1971; Beg and Jamal, 1974).
Lasiodiplodia undulata (Pat.) Abass, Sutton, Ghaffar and Abbas.
(as Botryodiplodia theobromae)
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1962; Ahmad et al., 1997; Khan, 1989).
Phoma cicatricula Briosi & Farneti.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga; (Ahmad, 1969a; Ahmad and Arshad, 1972a; Khan, 1989).
Phomoposis moricola Grove.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 12 (3): 431-436, 2015.
FUNGAL RECORDS ON MORUS SPECIES FROM PAKISTAN
435
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Charsadda; (Ahmad and Arshad, 1972; Khan, 1989).
Phomoposis salmalica Khan.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Chichawatni; (Khan 1961; Qureshi and Ahmad, 1971).
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Charsadda; (Ahmad and Arshad, 1972a).
Septogloeum mori (Lev.) Broisi & Cav.
On leaves (Leaf rust) of Morus alba, from Punjab; (Khan, 1955, 1989, Ahmad et al., 1997).
Sphaeropsis tumefaciens Hedges & L. S.
On dead branches of Morus alba, from Changa Manga, Lahore; (Ahmad, 1963, 1969a; Khan, 1989).
Table 1. Fungal records on Morus species from Pakistan.
Name of Taxa
Myxomycetes
Ascomycetes
Basidiomycetes
Deuteromycetes
Total :
Subdistribution Of Deuteromycetes
Coelomycetes
Hyphomycetes
Total :
No of Genera and their %
02
= 03.33
15
= 25.00
17
= 28.34
26
= 43.33
60
=100.00
No of Species and their %
02
= 02.44
20
= 24.39
27
= 32.93
33
= 40.24
82
=100.00
15
11
26
20
13
33
= 25.00
=18.33
= 43.33
= 24.39
= 15.85
= 40.24
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(Accepted for publication April 2015)
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