Biologia, Bratislava, 62/3: 335—344, 2007 Section Zoology DOI: 10.2478/s11756-007-0056-x Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) on cultivated and self-sown plants in Greece Nickolas G. Kavallieratos1, Željko Tomanović2, George P. Sarlis3, Basileios J. Vayias4, Vladimir Žikić2 & Nickolas E. Emmanouel4 1 Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 Stefanou Delta str., 14561 Kifissia, Attica, Greece; email: nick kaval@hotmail.com 2 Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 3 Laboratory of Systematic Botany, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Attica, Greece 4 Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Attica, Greece Abstract: The present work covers original information on aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) from Greece during 1995– 2005. The individual aphid taxa were collected from their host plants and identified. The plant taxa were classified in two major categories: cultivated and self-sown. The cultivated ones were classified as: herbaceous, climbing and trees. The selfsown ones were classified as: annual herbaceous, annual or biennial herbaceous, biennial or perennial herbaceous, perennial herbaceous, shrubby and trees Two hundred twelve plant taxa were identified on which 105 aphid taxa were recorded. We report 391 plant taxa-aphid taxa associations from which, 190 are referred to cultivated and 201 to self-shown plant taxa. Aphis gossypii was found to infest the widest spectrum of cultivated plant taxa whereas Brachycaudus helichrysi was found to infest the widest spectrum of self-sown plant taxa. Myzus persicae was found to infest the widest spectrum of the total number of plant taxa. Information for several economically unimportant aphid taxa in the area are also presented. Key words: aphids; cultivated plants; self-sown plants; associations; Greece Introduction Aphids create a group of permanent, occasional and potential pests which occur in all types of terrestrial habitats of the world. They have a significant reproductive potential and produce several generations per year. Consequently, under favorable environmental conditions their populations can reach economically important levels within a short time and, due to the production of alate adults, they spread very quickly and can migrate to great distances (Starý 1970; Dixon 1978; Kavallieratos et al. 2005; Athanassiou et al. 2005). Aphids can cause great damage in agroecosystems both directly and indirectly, by sucking on the plants, injecting active substances through saliva, interfering with the physiological performance of crops, removal of amino-nitrogen from the plants, transmitting virus, depositing honey residues and changing the microflora communities on plant surfaces and affecting the physiology of crops (Wellings et al. 1989). The purpose of this study was to present economically important and unimportant aphid species associated with several categories of cultivated and self-sown plants in Greece. c 2007 Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences
Material and methods Samples from various plants bearing aphid colonies were collected from 126 different areas of Greece during 1995– 2005 (a detailed list of sites and sampling dates are available from the authors). Each sample was placed separately in a plastic bag which was brought to the laboratory. Plants were pressed herbarized and later identified. Live aphids were killed and preserved for identification in 90% ethanol and 75% lactic acid (2 : 1) (Eastop & van Emden 1972). The classification of aphids and plants is based on Remaudière & Remaudière (1997), Petrović-Obradović (2003) and Tutin et al. (1964, 1968, 1972, 1976, 1980). The plant taxa were classified in two major categories: cultivated and self-sown. The cultivated plants were further classified as herbaceous, climbing and trees. The self-sown plants were further classified as annual herbaceous, annual or biennial herbaceous, biennial or perennial herbaceous, perennial herbaceous, shrubby and trees. Results and discussion Two hundred twelve plant taxa were identified on which 105 aphid taxa were recorded. We reported 391 plant taxa – aphid taxa associations from which 190 are referred to cultivated and 201 to self-shown plant taxa. On the 89 cultivated plant taxa, 54 aphid taxa were N. G. Kavallieratos et al. 336 Table 1. Aphids found infesting several plant taxa in Greece in 1995–2004. Plant category Plant taxa Aphid taxa Cultivated, climbing Araliaceae Hedera helix L. Vitaceae Vitis vinifera L. Aphis hederae Kaltenbach., 1843 Malvaceae Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Cultivated, herbaceous Malvaceae Gossypium herbaceum L. Scrophulariaceae Antirrhinum majus L. Chenopodiaceae Beta vulgaris L. Cruciferae Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L. Cruciferae Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. Cruciferae Raphanus sativus L. Theaceae Camellia japonica L. Cucurbitaceae Cucurbita pepo L. Cucurbitaceae Cucumis sativus L. Compositae Chrysanthemum uliginosum Pers. Compositae Cynara scolymus L. Compositae Dahlia sp. c.v. Compositae Gazania rigens (L.) Gaertner Compositae Helianthus annuus L. Compositae Lactuca sativa L. Compositae Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. Umbelliferae Daucus carota L. Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis illinoisensis Shimer, 1866 Viteus vitifoliae (Fitch, 1855) Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Brevicoryne brassicae (L., 1785) Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Kaltenbach, 1843) Brevicoryne brassicae (L., 1785) Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Kaltenbach, 1843) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Brevicoryne brassicae (L., 1785) Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Kaltenbach, 1843) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 T oxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aulacorthum solani (Kaltembach, 1843) Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosley, 1841) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Cavariella theobaldi (Gillette & Bragg, 1918) Dysaphis crataegi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Dysaphis foeniculus (Theobald, 1923) Hyadaphis coriandri (B. Das, 1918) Hyadaphis foeniculi (Passerini, 1860) Aphids on plants in Greece 337 Table 1. (continued). Plant category Plant taxa Aphid taxa Cultivated, herbaceous Iridaceae Gladiolus italicus Miller Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Convolvulaceae Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Convolvulaceae Ipomoea sp. c.v. Leguminosae Lathyrus chymenum L. Leguminosae Lathyrus cicera L. Leguminosae Lathyrus ochrus (L.) DC. Leguminosae Lathyrus sativus L. Leguminosae Lens culinaris Medicus Leguminosae Medicago sativa L. Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Therioaphis trifolii (Monell, 1882) Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Leguminosae Vicia benghalensis L. Leguminosae Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Vicia faba L. Leguminosae Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Vicia panonica Crantz Leguminosae Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Vicia sativa L. Brachycaudus helichrysi var. warei (Theobald, 1923) Leguminosae Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Vicia sativa L. ssp. amphicarpa (Dorthes) Ascherson et Graebner Leguminosae Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Vicia villosa Roth Leguminosae Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Vicia narbonensis L. Solanaceae Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Capsicum annuum L. Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Solanaceae Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Lycopersicon esculentum Miller Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Solanaceae Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Nicotiana tabacum L. Solanaceae Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Solanum melongena L. Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Solanaceae Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Solanum tuberosum L. Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Aulacorthum circumflexum (Buckton, 1876) Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis (Sasaki, 1899) Hydrophyllaceae Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Phacelia tanacetifolia Bentham Labiatae Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Salvia splendens Ker. Crawl. Chenopodiaceae Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Spinacea oleracea L. Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Gramineae Rhopalosiphum padi (L., 1758) Hordeum distichon L. Gramineae Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856) Hordeum distichon L. var. nudum Gramineae Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856) Hordeum vulgare L. Rhopalosiphum padi (L., 1758) Sitobion avenae (Fabricius, 1775) Schizaphis graminum (Rondani, (1847), 1852) Gramineae Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856) Triticum aestivum L. Sitobion avenae (Fabricius, 1775) N. G. Kavallieratos et al. 338 Table 1. (continued). Plant category Plant taxa Aphid taxa Cultivated, herbaceous Gramineae Triticum durum Desf. Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856) Rhopalosiphum padi (L., 1758) Sitobion avenae (F., 1775) Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856) Gramineae Zea mays L. Liliaceae Tulipa sp. c.v. Cultivated, shrubby Malvaceae Abutilon darwinii Hook. A. Hildebrandii Frenzl. Malvaceae Hibiscus mutabilis L. Malvaceae Hibiscus syriacus L. Solanaceae Cestrum parquii L’ Hér. Rosaceae Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Rosaceae Rosa sp. c.v. Betulaceae Corylus avellana L. Verbenaceae Duranta plumieri Jacq. Celastraceae Evonymus japonicus L. fil. Celastraceae Evonymus japonicus L. fil. c.v. Albo marginatus Celastraceae Evonymus japonicus L. fil. c.v. Aureo marginatus Labiatae Glechoma hederacea L. Leguminosae Medicago arborea L. Apocynaceae Nerium oleander L. Pittosporaceae Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) Aiton fil. Compositae Senecio bicolor (Willd.) Tod. ssp. cineraria (DC.) Chater Caprifoliaceae Viburnum fragrans Bunge Caprifoliaceae Viburnum rhytidophyllum Hemsl. Caprifoliaceae Viburnum tinus L. Cultivated, tree Fagaceae Castanea sativa Miller Rutaceae Citrus aurantium L. Rutaceae Citrus deliciosa Ten. Rutaceae Citrus limon (L.) Burm. fil. Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914 Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Macrosiphum rosae (L., 1758) Corylobium avellanae (Schrank, 1801) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1877 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis sp. (L., 1758) Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914 Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914 Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914 Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914 Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) T oxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) Myzocallis castanicola Baker, 1917 Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914 Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914 Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) Aphids on plants in Greece 339 Table 1. (continued). Plant category Plant taxa Aphid taxa Cultivated, tree Rutaceae Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914 Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Chromaphis juglandicola (Kaltenbach, 1843) Juglandaceae Juglans regia L. Oleaceae Olea europaea L. Pinaceae Pinus pinea L. Anacardiaceae Pistacia vera L. Salicaceae Populus nigra L. Punicaceae Punica granatum L. Rosaceae Prunus avium L. c.v. Rosaceae Prunus cerasus L. c.v. Rosaceae Prunus domestica L. c.v. Self-sown, annual herbaceous Prociphilus oleae (Leach ex Risso, 1826) Cinara maritimae (Dufour, 1833) Cinara palaestinensis Hille Ris Lambers, 1948 Eulachnus agilis (Kaltenbach, 1843) Eulachnus tuberculostemmatus (Theobald, 1915) Smynthurodes beatae Westwood, 1849 Chaitophorus leucomelas Koch, 1854 Chaitophorus populeti (Panzer, 1801) Chaitophorus populialbae (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis punicae Shingi, 1922 Myzus cerasi (F., 1775) Myzus cerasi (F., 1775) Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy, 1762) Pterochoroides persicae (Cholodkovsky, 1899) Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae (L., 1761) Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy, 1762) Rosaceae Prunus domestica L. var. insititia (L.) C. K. Schneider c.v. Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Rosaceae Prunus dulcis (Miller) D. A. Webb c.v. Brachycaudus amygdalinus (Schouteden, 1905) Hyalopterus amygdali (E. Blanchard, 1840) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Rosaceae Prunus persica (L.) Batch c.v. Dysaphis pyri (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) Rosaceae Pyrus communis L. c.v. Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Rosaceae Pyrus malus L. c.v. Dysaphis plantaginea (Passerini, 1860) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Cruciferae Sisymbrium irio L. Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Cruciferae Brassica nigra (L.) Koch Brevicoryne brassicae (L., 1785) Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Kaltenbach, 1843) Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Cruciferae Capsella bursa pastoris (L.) Medicus Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Cruciferae Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Kaltenbach, 1843) Sisymbrium orientale L. Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Amaranthaceae Amaranthus lividus L. Umbelliferae Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Ammi majus L. Cavariella aegopodii (Scopoli, 1763) Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Compositae Calendula arvensis L. Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Uroleucon jaceae (L., 1758) Compositae Carthamus lanatus L. Uroleucon jaceae (L., 1758) Compositae Carthamus dentatus (Forskål) Compositae Aphis fabae cirsiiacanthoidis Scopoli, 1763 Carduus australis L. fil. Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Uroleucon aeneum (Hille Ris Lambers, 1939) Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Compositae Carduus pycnocephalus L. Uroleucon aeneum (Hille Ris Lambers, 1939) Compositae Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) N. G. Kavallieratos et al. 340 Table 1. (continued). Plant category Plant taxa Aphid taxa Self-sown, annual herbaceous Compositae Chrysanthemum segetum L. Compositae Crepis neglecta L. Compositae Lapsana communis L. Compositae Reichardia intermedia (Schultz Bip.) Coutinho Compositae Sonchus asper (L.) Hill Compositae Sonchus oleraceus L. Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Compositae Chrysanthemum coronarium L. Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium album L. Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium glaucum L. Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium hybridum L. Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium rubrum L. Rubiaceae Galium spurium L. Rubiaceae Galium verticillatum Danth. Malvaceae Malva neglecta Wallr. Leguminosae Medicago arabica (L.) Hudson Leguminosae Medicago disciformis DC. Leguminosae Melilotus neapolitana Ten. Leguminosae Melilotus sulcata Desf. Leguminosae T rifolium nigrescens Viv. Papaveraceae Papaver rhoes L. Solanaceae Solanum nigrum L. Caryophyllaceae Stellaria media (L.) Vill. Umbelliferae Torilis arvensis (Hudson) Link Urticaceae Urtica pilulifera L. Urticaceae Urtica urens L. Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Boraginaceae Echium plantagineum L. Gramineae Hordeum murinum L. Uroleucon sp. Mordvilko, 1914 Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Uroleucon chondrillae (Nevsky, 1929) Hyperomyzus lactucae (L., 1758) Uroleucon sonchi (L., 1767) Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Hyperomyzus lactucae (L., 1758) Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Uroleucon sonchi (L., 1767) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis umbrella (Börner, 1950) Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Brachycaudus helichrysi var. warei (Theobald, 1923) Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Therioaphis trifolii (Monell, 1882) Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis fabae solanella Theobald, 1914 Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Microlophium carnosum (Buckton, 1876) Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Microlophium carnosum (Buckton, 1876) Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) M yzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosley, 1841) Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856) Rhopalosiphum padi (L., 1758) Sitobion fragariae (Walker, 1848) Aphids on plants in Greece 341 Table 1. (continued). Plant category Plant taxa Aphid taxa Self-sown, annual herbaceous Gramineae Avena sterilis L. Gramineae Bromus madritensis L. Sitobion fragariae (Walker, 1848) Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker, 1849) Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856) Rhopalosiphum padi (L., 1758) Sitobion fragariae (Walker, 1848) Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Sitobion fragariae (Walker, 1848) Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Gramineae Bromus sterilis L. Self-sown, annual Leguminosae or biennial Melilotus alba Medicus herbaceous Ranunculaceae Ranunculus arvensis L. Self-sown, biennial Umbelliferae herbaceous Apium graveolens L. Compositae Arctium lappa L. Compositae Carduus acanthoides L. Compositae Carduus crispus L. Compositae Carduus nutans L. Compositae Cirsium italicum (Savi) DC. Compositae Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. Compositae Crepis biennis L. Compositae Lactuca serriola L. Compositae Onopordum acanthium L. Compositae Onopordum illyricum L. Compositae Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertner Boraginaceae Cynoglossum creticum Miller Cruciferae Erysimum graecum Boiss & Heldr. in Boiss. Leguminosae Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pallas Umbelliferae Smyrnium orphanidis Boiss. Scrophulariaceae Verbascum phlomoides L. Self-sown, biennial Compositae or perrenial herba- Cichorium intybus L. ceous Umbelliferae Foeniculum vulgare Miller Self-sown, Cruciferae perrenial Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. herbaceous Compositae Carlina corymbosa L. Compositae Carlina corymbosa L. ssp. graeca (Boiss.) Nyman Compositae Cirsium arvense (L) Scop. Cavariella archangelicae (Scopoli, 111763) Dysaphis apiifolia (Theobald, 1923) Dysaphis foeniculus (Theobald, 111923) Aphis fabae cirsiiacanthoidis Scopoli, 1763 Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Capitophorus elaeagni (del Guercio, 1894) Uroleucon aeneum (Hille Ris Lambers, 1939) Uroleucon sp. Mordvilco, 1914 Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, 1843) Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Uroleucon aeneum (Hille Ris Lambers, 1939) Uroleucon cichorii (Koch, 1855) Acyrthosiphon lactucae (Passerini, 1758) Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Aphis fabae cirsiiacanthoidis Scopoli, 1763 Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Aphis fabae cirsiiacanthoidis Scopoli, 1763 Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Kaltenbach, 1843) Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) Dysaphis apiifolia (Theobald, 1923) Aphis verbasci Schrank, 1801 Uroleucon cichorii Koch, 1855 Cavariella aegopodii (Scopoli, 1763) Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Lipaphis lepidii (Nevsky, 1929) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Uroleucon aeneum (Hille Ris Lambers, 1939) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Uroleucon jaceae (L., 1758) Aphis fabae cirsiiacanthoidis Scopoli, 1763 N. G. Kavallieratos et al. 342 Table 1. (continued). Plant category Plant taxa Aphid taxa Self-sown, perrenial herbaceous Compositae Cirsium creticum (Lam.) D’ Urv. Aphis fabae cirsiiacanthoidis Scopoli, 1763 Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Uroleucon aeneum (Hille Ris Lambers, 1939) Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Compositae Cirsium tuberosum (L.) All. Compositae Dittrichia viscosa (L.) W. Greuter ssp. viscosa Compositae Doronicum columnae Ten. Compositae Inula conyza DC. Compositae Ptilostemon strictus (Ten.) W. Greuter Compositae Sonchus palustris L. Compositae Tanacetum corymbosum (L.) Schultz Bip. Compositae Taraxacum officinale Weber Compositae Carduus tmoleus Boiss ssp. armatus (Boiss. & Heldr.) Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium bonus henricus L. Rubiaceae Galium mollugo L. Caryophyllaceae Lychnis coronaria (L.) Desr. in Lam. Malvaceae Malva sylvestris L. Labiatae Mentha aquatica L. Labiatae Mentha spicata L. Labiatae Stachys cretica L. Urticaceae Parietaria diffusa Mert. & Koch in Röhling Urticaceae Urtica dioica L. Polygonaceae Rumex acetosa L. Polygonaceae Rumex crispus L. Polygonaceae Rumex obtusifolius L. Polygonaceae Rumex pulcher L. Apocynaceae Vinca minor L. Gramineae Bromus ramosus Hudson Gramineae Lolium perene L. Gramineae Piptatherum miliaceum (L.) Cosson Gramineae Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel Self-sown, shrubby Rosaceae Crataegus monogyna Jacq. Rosaceae Rosa arvensis Hudson Rosaceae Rosa canina L. Rosaceae Rubus fruticosus L. Capitophorus inulae (Passerini, 1860) Uroleucon doronici (Börner, 1942) Capitophorus inulae (Passerini, 1860) Uroleucon inulae (Ferrari, 1872) Aphis fabae cirsiiacanthoidis Scopoli, 1763 Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Hyperomyzus lactucae (L., 1758) Uroleucon sonchi (L., 1767) Macrosiphoniella tanacetaria (Kaltenbach, 1843) Aphis taraxicola (Börner, 1940) Uroleucon cichorii (Koch, 1855) Brachycaudus cardui (L., 1758) Uroleucon aeneum (Hille Ris Lambers, 1939) Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Brachycaudus lychnidis (L., 1758) Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Aphis umbrella (Börner, 1950) Aphis affinis del Guercio, 1911 Ovatus crataegarius (Walker, 1850) Aphis stachydis Morvilko, 1929 Aphis parietariae Theobald, 1922 Aphis urticata J. F. Gmelin, 1790 Brachycaudus rumexicolens (Patch, 1917) Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 Aphis fabae Scopoli. 1763 Aphis sp. L., 1758 Rhopalosiphum padi (L., 1758) Sitobion fragariae (Walker, 1848) Rhopalosiphum padi (L., 1758) Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856) Sitobion fragariae (Walker, 1848) Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker, 1849) Rhopalosiphum padi (L., 1758) Sitobion fragariae (Walker, 1848) Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy, 1762) Ovatus crataegarius (Walker, 1850) Ovatus insitus (Walker, 1849) Macrosiphum rosae (L., 1758) Macrosiphum rosae (L., 1758) Amphorophora rubi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Macrosiphum funestum (Macchiati, 1885) Aphids on plants in Greece 343 Table 1. (continued). Plant category Plant taxa Aphid taxa Self-sown, shrubby Rosaceae Aphis ruborum (Börner, 1932) Rubus hirtus Waldst. & Kit. Rosaceae Aphis idaei van der Goot, 1912 Rubus idaeus L. Aphis ruborum (Börner, 1932) Rosaceae Rubus ulmifolius Schott Euphorbiaceae Aphis euphorbiae Kaltenbach, 1843 Euphorbia characias L. ssp. wulfenii (Hoppe ex Koch) A. R. Sm. Caprifoliaceae Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 Lonicera alpigena L. Myzocallis komareki (Pašek, 1953) Fagaceae Quercus coccifera L. Phylloxera sp. Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1834 Aphis cytisorum Hartig, 1841 Leguminosae Spartium junceum L. Verbenaceae Aphis viticis Ferrari, 1872 Vitex agnus castus L. Ranunculaceae Myzus varians Davidson, 1912 Clematis vitalba L. Self-sown, tree Mimosaceae Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Acacia retinodes Schlecht. Aceraceae Periphyllus bulgaricus Tashev, 1964 Acer monspessulanum L. Simarubaceae Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Ailanthus altissima (Miller) Swingle Betulaceae Calaphis betulicola (Kaltenbach, 1843) Betula pendula Roth Leguminosae Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Ceratonia siliqua L. Leguminosae Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 Robinia pseudacacia L. Salicaceae Chaitophorus leucomelas Koch, 1854 Populus alba L. Chaitophorus populeti (Panzer, 1801) Salicaceae Chaitophorus populeti (Panzer, 1801) Populus tremula L. Chaitophorus populialbae (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) Fagaceae Myzocallis castanicola Baker, 1917 Quercus ilex L. Fagaceae Myzocallis komareki (Pašek, 1953) Quercus macrolepis Kotschy Caprifoliaceae Aphis sambuci L., 1758 Sambucus nigra L. Tiliaceae Eucallipterus tiliae (L., 1758) Tilia platyphyllos Scop. Tiliaceae Eucallipterus tiliae (L., 1758) Tilia tomentosa Moench Tiliaceae Eucallipterus tiliae (L., 1758) Tilia cordata Miller identified. On the 123 self-sown plant taxa, 73 aphid taxa were identified. Furthermore, 22 aphid taxa were common for the cultivated and self-sown plant taxa. Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 was found to infest the widest spectrum of cultivated plant taxa (25), whereas Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach, 1843) was found to infest the widest spectrum of self-sown plant taxa (16). However, Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) was found to infest the widest spectrum of all plants investigated (36) (Table 1). Out of cultivated plants, 26, 11, 4 and 28 aphid taxa were found on 49 herbaceous, 19 shrubby, 2 climbing taxa and 19 trees, respectively. Out of self-sown plants, 30, 3, 17, 2, 33, 14 and 10 aphid taxa were found on 43 annual herbaceous, 2 annual or biennial, 17 biennial herbaceous, 2 biennial or perennial herbaceous, 32 perennial herbaceous, 13 shrubby taxa and 14 trees, respectively (Table 1). The findings of the present study may provide useful information on the habitat interactions of aphids and their host plants. The knowledge of the species is fundamental for the management of aphid populations since it often helps in the identification of their natural enemies (e.g., parasitoid species). Except for several recorded aphid – cultivated plant associations, we found numerous aphid – self-sown plant associations. Self-sown plants contribute to the diversity of the plant cover in cultivated or non-crop areas 344 (Starý 1986; Sarlis 1998) and may harbor aphid species that could be pests or are economically unimportant (Starý 1974; Kavallieratos et al. 2002; Tomanović et al. 2006). The latter can be attacked by parasitoids and/or predators, which may disperse to the neighboring crops and attack a target aphid pest there (Starý & Lyon 1980; Kavallieratos et al. 2002). In the present study we recorded 32 economically unimportant aphid taxa (Table 1) which should be examined from this point of view. In a previous study in Greece, Kavallieratos et al. (2002) supported the recommendation of the self-sown shrubs Dittrichia viscosa (L.) W. Greuter and Rubus ulmifolius Schott, colonized by Capitophorus inulae (Passerini, 1860) and Aphis ruborum (Börner, 1932), respectively, as useful reservoirs of aphid parasitoids. We regard this study as a first step in the description of the aphid taxa and their plant hosts spectrum of Greece. Acknowledgements We would like to thank Dr. A. Sanchis Segovia (Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Spain) for the identification of some of the aphids. 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