PHYTOPATHOLOGY
New Pest and
Disease Record
H. Sert and H. Stimbtil (2003) Phytoparasitica 31(5):529-531
Two New Records of Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) in
Turkey and a New Host
Hacer (Balor) Sert* and Htiseyin Stimbtil I
Peronospora crucianellae Maire on Crucianella latifolia L. and Peronospora trifolii-arvensis
Syd. on Trifolium sp. were collected for the first time in Turkey. The plant species Sinapis
arvensis L. is reported as a new host for Peronospora brassicae G~um. from Turkey. The
peronosporaceous fungi recorded since the beginning of microfungal studies from Turkey are
given along with their collection sites.
KEY WORDS: Peronosporaceae; new record; new host; Turkey.
The most important contributions to the microfungal flora of Turkey are the studies
of Gtibelez (5,6), Oner and Ekmek~i (8) and Tamer et al. (10). Turkey has a very rich
microfungal flora and many studies have been carried out recently.
Table 1 lists the Peronospora species recorded in Turkey. More than 1000 specimens
were collected between 1999 and 2001 in Antalya city, Turkey, and various ecological and
morphological properties were noted at the collection site. The specimens were taken to
the laboratory and examined microscopically. The host specimens were prepared according
to established herbarium techniques. The host specimens were identified using Flora
of Turkey (3) and Flora of Antalya city (7). The parasitic microfungi specimens were
identified using the relevant literature (2,4) concerning parasitic fungi in the world. All the
collected specimens are kept at the Akdeniz University Herbarium.
The parasitic microfungi flora of Antalya has been studied since 1999 (9). Further
examination of the studies has revealed new and interesting records. After consulting
the relevant literature, we concluded that the species Peronospora crucianellae Maire
and Peronospora trifolii-arvensis Syd. were previously unknown in Turkey. Peronospora
brassicae G~ium. has been recorded on the plant species Capsella bursa-pastoris L. (5,11)
and on Lepidium sp. (6) in Turkey, but previously had not been recorded on Sinapis arvensis
L. Short descriptions of the species, localities and dates of collection of these new records
are given below.
PERONOSPORACEAE
Peronospora crucianellae Maire
Leaves and stalks of host plant thickened; sporangia lower surfaces of leaves, gray-violet;
conidiophore branched in upper half, 250-380 x 5-10 #; conidia 20-30 x 13-20 #;
oospores 35-54 #.
ReceivedMarch 11, 2002; receivedin final formMay 19, 2003; http://www.phytoparasitica.orgpostingOct. 20,
2003.
1Dept. of Biology,Universityof Akdeniz,Facultyof Arts and Sciences,07058 Antalya,Turkey.*Corresponding
author [e-mail: hacersert@yahoo.de].
Phytoparasitica 31:5, 2003
529
TABLE 1. Peronospora species recorded in Turkey: Their hosts, host families, collection sites and
references
Species
Sites
Hosts
Host families
References
Peronospora parasitica (Pers.)
Bomova
CapseUabursa-pastoris
Brassicaceae
(l 1)
Fr.
L.
Antalya
Sinapisarvensis L.
Brassicaceae
(9)
Ankara
Capsellabursa-pastoris
Brassicaceae
(5)
L.
Lepidiumsp.
Brassicaceae
(6)
Eski~ehir
Peronospora tabacina Adam
Malatya
Nicotianatabacum L.
Solanaceae
(1)
Nicotianatabacum L.
Solanaceae
(5)
Trakya
Peronospora conringiae
Kars
Conringiaorientalis (L.)
Brassicaceae
(10)
G~um.
Andrz~
Peronospora lepidii-sativi
Kars
Lepidium cartilagineum
Brassicaceae
(10)
G~ium.
(J. Mayer) Thell
Ankara
Lepidiumdraba L.
Brassicaceae
(5)
Peronospora aestivalis Syd.
Ankara
Medicagosativa L.
Fabaceae
(5)
Peronospora alta Fuckel
Ankara
Plantagomajor L.
Plantaginaceae
(5)
Peronospora arborescens
Ankara
Papavercommutatum E et Papaveraceae
(5)
(Berk.) de Bary
M.
Peronospora camelinae G/ium.
Ankara
Camelinarumilica Celen
Brassicaceae
(5)
Peronospora chenopodii
Eski~ehir
Chenopodiumurbicum L.
Chenopodiaceae (5)
Schlecht
Peronospora cilicica
Adana
V[cia narbonensis L.
Fabaceae
(5)
Brm. et G~ium.
Peronospora conringiae G~ium. Ankara
Conringiaorientalis (L.)
Brassicaceae
(5)
Dum.
Peronospora coronillae G~lum. Adana
Coronillascorpioides (L.)
Fabaceae
(5)
Koch
Peronospora euclidii S~vul. &
Ankara
Euclidiumsyriacum (L.)
Brassicaceae
(5)
Rayss
R. Br.
Peronospora hypecoi Bremer
Ankara
Hypecoumsp.
Papaveraceae
(5)
Peronospora karelii Broome &
Ankara
Scabiosarotata M. Bieb.
Dipsacaceae
(5)
G~ium.
Peronospora lamii A. Braun
Ankara
Lamiumamplexicaule L.
Lamiaceae
(5)
Lamiumamplexicaule L.
Lamiaceae
(9)
Antalya
Peronospora
Eski~ehir
Chenopodiumsp.
Chenopodiaceae (5)
chenopodii-polyspermi Gaum.
Peronospora rumicis Corda
Adana
Rumex sp.
Polygonaceae
(5)
Peronospora schleideni Unger
Ankara
Allium sepa L.
Liliaceae
(5)
Peronospora sisymbrii-sophiae Ankara
Sisymbriumsophia L.
Brassicaceae
(5)
Glium.
Peronospora
Ankara
Thlaspiperfoliatum L.
Brassicaceae
(5)
thlaspeos-perfoliati G~ium.
Peronospora tribulina Pass.
Adana
Tribulusterrestris L.
Zygophyllaceae (5)
Peronospora variabilis G~ium.
Ankara
Chenopodiumalbum L.
Chenopodiaceae (5)
Peronospora viciae-sativae
Ankara
Vicia sativa L.
Fabaceae
(5)
G~ium.
This species is allied to the species Peronospora thlaspeos-perfoliati G~ium. in Turkey. It
differs from Peronospora thlaspeos-perfoliati (conidia: 1 2 - 3 0 x 1 1 - 2 0 #; oospores: 35 #
diam) in the large size of oospores and conidia.
S p e c i m e n s examined: Turkey / Antalya: A r a p s u y u , A k d e n i z University Campus, 50 m a l t . ,
18.V.2000, H.S. [Hacer Sert no.] 1123, on Crucianella latifolia L. (Rubiaceae).
530
H. Sert and H. Stimbiil
Peronospora t r i f o l i i - a r v e n s i s Syd.
Syn. Peronospora trifolii-minoris G~ium.
S p o r a n g i a pale violet, on the lower surface of leaves; conidiophore branched in upper half
up to one fourth, 2 0 0 - 7 0 0 x 6 - 1 5 #; oospores pale brown, smooth, 2 5 - 3 3 # diam.
This species is different from all the other Peronospora species already identified in Turkey.
S p e c i m e n s examined: Turkey / Antalya: Kurw
Waterfall, in forest, 150 m alt.,
23.V.2000, H.S. 1139, on Trifolium sp. (Fabaceae).
Peronospora brassicae G~ium. (1918)
Syn. Peronospora sinapidis G~ium., P. parasitica (Pers.) Fr.
W h i t e colonies e s p e c i a l l y on the lower surface o f young leaves; sporangia 2 0 - 2 4 x 16-20
#; conidiophore branched in upper half up to one fifth, 2 6 0 - 6 3 8 x 8 - 1 7 / z ; oospores 2 5 - 3 2
/.t diam.
S p e c i m e n s examined: Turkey / Antalya: I~lklar, at the C e n d e r Hotel, 5 m alt., 22.V.2000,
H.S. 1131, on Sinapis arvensis L. (Brassicaceae).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We wish to thank Prof. Dr. Mustafa I~llo~lu, Doz. Dr. Katja Sterflinger and Prof. Dr. Johann Glauninger
for their valuable comments, and the Akdeniz University research fund for the financial support (Project no.
21.01.0121.01).
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Phytoparasitica 31:5, 2003
531
Hüseyin Sümbül