292 Persoonia – Volume 31, 2013 Bipolaris drechsleri Fungal Planet description sheets 293 Fungal Planet 213 – 26 November 2013 Bipolaris drechsleri Manamgoda & Minnis, sp. nov. Etymology. Named in honour of Charles Drechsler (1892–1986), a USDA scientist who worked on this group of fungi. Leaf spots irregular, small, distinct, purplish, with dark margin, surrounded by a chlorotic halo. Conidiophores macronematous, arising singly or in groups of two to three, straight to lexuous, cylindrical, geniculate in upper part, simple or with one dichotomous branch, pale brown, septate, smooth-walled, (74–)95–300(–602) × 4–6 μm (x̄ = 250, SD = 152, n = 35; x̄ = 5, SD = 1, n = 35). Conidiogenous cells integrated, intercalary, with sympodial proliferation, monotretic or polytretic, dark brown, with circular scars. Conidia solitary, curved or straight, ellipsoidal, obclavate, obclavate-ellipsoidal, rostrate, rarely obovoid, apex and base obtuse, smooth-walled, pale to dark golden-brown, sometimes paler in end cells, (39–)50– 80(–102) × (10–)13–19(–20) μm (x̄ = 66, SD = 14, n = 125; x̄ = 16, SD = 3, n = 125), 3–10-distoseptate (x̄ = 7), septa accentuated; hilum inconspicuous or slightly protuberant, dark brown to black; germinating with a germ tube at each end of conidia. Culture characteristics — Colonies (35–)45–60(–70) mm diam on PDA (Difco) after 5 d at 25 °C in dark, white when young, becoming whitish grey at maturity; margin irregular, effuse, velvety, concolorous; stromata not formed in culture. Reverse black, with white margin. Habitat — On living leaves of Microstegium vimineum and other grasses as in Kleczewski et al. (2012). Distribution — USA (Indiana, Maryland, West Virginia). Typus. USA, Indiana, Big Oaks Wildlife Refuge, on living leaves of Microstegium vimineum, 2010, N. Kleczewski (holotype BPI 892682; ex-type culture AR4841 = CBS 136207, MycoBank MB 805272). Additional material examined. USA, West Virginia, Arnoldsburg, on living leaves of Microstegium vimineum, N. Kleczewski, BPI 892683; culture Ml036 = CBS 136208; Maryland, Montgomery Co., Wheaton, Brookside Garden, on an unidentified ornamental grass, Oct. 1995, N. O’Neil N395, BPI 892684; culture FIP 373= CBS 136245. the RAxML BlackBox v. 7.6.3 in CIPRES Science Gateway platform (Miller et al. 2010). Parsimony trees were inferred by PAUP v. 4.0b10 (Swofford 2003) using a heuristic search option with 1 000 random sequence additions. The alignment and tree were uploaded to TreeBASE (ID 14626). Notes — The host Microstegium vimineum, common name Japanese stilt grass, is an annual grass in the Poaceae, subfamily Panicoideae, tribe Andropogoneae. Currently, M. vimineum is one of a number of serious non-native invasive species in the eastern United States (Flory et al. 2011). The fungal genus Bipolaris includes a number of grass pathogens (Manamgoda et al. 2011). Recently a new species occurring on Microstegium vinimeum was described as B. microstegii (Crous et al. 2012a). Bipolaris drechsleri has conidial dimensions similar to B. microstegii, but B. drechsleri has shorter conidiophores and conidiophores with more proliferations than B. microstegii. Overlapping conidial dimensions between species is common in the genus Bipolaris (Sivanesan 1987) and a phylogenetic species recognition criterion is essential for defining species in this genus (Manamgoda et al. 2011). Comparing ITS and GPDH with the available data in GenBank revealed that the fungus belongs in Bipolaris sensu Manamgoda et al. (2012). Bipolaris microstegii is phylogenetically close to B. victoriae and B. zeicola, but the latter two species do not show a close phylogenetic relationship with B. drechsleri, which clusters with B. melinidis. Phylogram generated from maximum parsimony analysis based on combined ITS and GPDH gene sequences. Parsimony bootstrap values/RAxML rapid bootstrapping estimations ≥ 60 % are shown above the branches. GenBank numbers of included sequences for each species are given as ITS/ GPDH. 71/67 B. victoriae AF071331/ AF081386 B. zeicola AF071326/ AF081382 100/100 Phylogenetic analysis — A concatenated alignment of both ITS and GPDH loci was made using the sequence data of B. drechsleri and Bipolaris sequences obtained from GenBank. A maximum likelihood search was performed using 76/78 Colour illustrations. Collection site in West Virginia; Bipolaris drechsleri (AR 4841). Symptom development on Microstegium vimineum; culture on PDA; conidiophores and conidia (scale bar = 50 μm, all others = 10 µm); conidiophores; conidia. NS/92 76/92 B.chloridis JN192372/ JN600961 B. maydis AF071325/ AF081380 100/100 10 B. microstegii JX089579/ JX089575 B. zeae AF081452/ AF081407 B. luttrellii AF071350/ AF081402 B. eleusines AF081451/ AF081405 B. sorokiniana AF071329/ AF081385 100/100 B. peregianensis AF071328/ AF081384 60/92 B. peregianensis JN601034/ JN600977 B. microlaenae JN601032/ JN600974 100/100 B. oryzae JX256413/ JX276428 B. oryzae JX256416/ JX276430 AR4841 KF500530/ KF500533 MUS0028 KF500532/ KF500535 B. drechsleri FIP 373 KF500531/ KF500534 B. melinidis JN601035/ JN600972 B. urochloae AF071334/ AF081389 Curvularia lunata JX256430/ JX276442 100/100 Dimuthu S. Manamgoda, Systematic Mycology & Microbiology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; e-mail: dsmanamgoda@gmail.com Andrew M. Minnis, Center for Forest Mycology Research, Northern Research Station, USDA-Forest Service, One Gifford Pinchot Dr., Madison, WI 53726, USA; e-mail: amminnis@fs.fed.us Nathan M. Kleczewski, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, The University of Delaware,145 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19719, USA; e-mail: nkleczew@udel.edu S. Luke Flory, Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; e-mail: lory@ul.edu Lisa A. Castlebury, Systematic Mycology & Microbiology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; e-mail: Lisa.Castlebury@ars.usda.gov Keith Clay, Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA; e-mail: clay@indiana.edu Kevin D. Hyde, Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; e-mail: kdhyde3@gmail.com © 2013 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures