A new species, Cladonia singhii Ahti & Dixit (type from the state of Arunachal Pradesh), is described. A further seven Cladonia species, C. corniculata, C. kanewskii, C. laii, C. luteoalba, C. mauritiana, C. mongolica and C. rei, are reported as new to the recent checklist of lichens of the Indian subcontinent. The presence of C. cartilaginea in India is confirmed.

The present paper revealed the occurrence of nine lichen species from Uttarakhand for the first time. The species belong to six families (Cladoniaceae, Lecanoraceae, Parmeliaceae, Peltigeraceae, Physciaceae, Verrucariaceae) and represents four growth forms of lichens found growing on soil, rock and soil over rock. Brief moropho-taxonomic details of all the nine species have been provided with their ecology and distribution.

ABSTRACT Cladonia (sect. Cocciferae, subsect. Ochroleucae) norvegica T0nsb. & Holien sp. nov., is closely related to C. bacilliformis (Nyl.) DT. & Sarnth. but is morphologically, chemically, and ecologically distinct. Superficially it may resemble C. (sect. Cladonia) coniocraea auct., which is often growing with it. C. norvegica is known from Norway only.

The lichen taxa collected from Uttar Pradesh are documented in different checklist, floristic, monographic and revisionary studies (Awasthi, 1980, 1988, 1991, 2000, 2007, Srivastava, 2004, Dubey et al. 2007, Singh & Sinha 2010, Karakoti et al. 2014, Gupta et al. 2015). Recently Nayaka & Upreti (2013) analyzed the status of lichen diversity in Uttar Pradesh which revealed the occurrence of 135 species belonging to 46 genera and 25 families. This state represented three distinct phytogeographical regions. The transitional belt running along the entire length of the state of Uttarakhand and country of Nepal is called the “Terai‟ and „Bhabhar‟ area and have thick forest cover, swamps and marshes. The Gangetic plain elongates the area from east to west is the most fertile as well as agricultural land. The southern fringe of the Gangetic Plains is demarcated by the Vindhya Hills and Plateau exhibit strong ground and low hills. Most of the central region of the state of Uttar Pradesh is mo...

Cladonia litoralis is described as new to science. This conspicuous ‘‘cushion-like’’ lichen was found on granitic rocks in the rocky shore of Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. A description of the species is given together with notes on its chemistry, ecology and taxonomy. Related taxa are briefly discussed.

The paper presents an enumeration of seven lichen species as addition to the lichen flora of foothills of Kumaun Himalayas, Uttarakhand. The enumerated species belong to six genera and six families. The explored area showed dominance of crustose lichens while only two foliose and a single leprose species was recorded. A morpho-taxonomic note together with ecology and distribution of all the recorded lichen species as new addition to lichen flora of Uttarakhand is provided.

The paper, lists 361 species of lichens belonging to 89 genera and 35 families from the Bageshwar district of Uttarakhand. The study is based on the published literature and specimens in the herbarium of National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow (LWG). Dhakuri and Khati areas, situated between 2683 2210 m have the highest diversity of lichens represented by 215 and 172 species, respectively. Lichen, families Parmeliaceae with 23 genera and Physciaceae with 8 genera are the dominant families in the district. Among the different lichen genera, Cladonia with 22 species and Heterodermia with 18 species exhibit their dominance in the area. Trees bear a luxuriant growth of lichens and particularly Quercus, Pinus, Alnus and Cedrus exhibit the maximum diversity of epiphytic lichens in the district.

A total of 70 species of lichens belonging to 29 genera and 15 families were found growing in eight different localities of Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh, India. The present study reveals the addition of 14 species of lichens as new to the state. The lichen genus Lecanora with 11 species exhibits the dominance in the area. Among the different localities of the district the area Sikandra Dhar showed maximum diversity of lichens followed by Balh valley, Barot and Mandi city as 19, 18, 17 and 16 species, respectively. The tropical zone exhibits luxuriant growth of trees like Pinus, Shorea robusta, Prunus, Celtis, Grewia and Rubina. The Rubina and Populus trees cultivated along road side bear luxuriant growth of Candelaria concolor together with Physcia dilatata, a foliose lichen. The temperate region of the district exhibits luxuriant growth of Quercus leucotricophora trees which support the luxuriant growth of Parmotrema nilgherrense, Ramalina conduplicans, Ramalina sinensis, Het...

A total of 140 lichen species belonging to 50 genera and 23 families with 39 species recorded for the first time from the state of Manipur, Northeast India, being reported. Fourteen species are new additions to the lichen flora of Northeast India. The crustose morphotype (49% of the species found) dominated the area, followed by foliose (43%), dimorphic, fruticose, leprose and squamulose lichens, each contributing by 4%, 2%, 1% and 1% of the species found, respectively. Nine species of phorophytic foliicolous lichens that usually colonize live leaves were also encountered. The occurrence of foliicolous lichens is quite characteristic of species diversity and indicate rather high richness in this relatively small phytogeographical area. A brief note on the phytogeographic affinities and distribution of the newly recorded lichens in Manipur has been provided.