Sains Malaysiana 41(2)(2012): 155–161
Diversity and Distribution of Polyporales in Peninsular Malaysia
(Kepelbagaian dan Taburan Polyporales di Semenanjung Malaysia)
MOHAMAD HASNUL BOLHASSAN, NOORLIDAH ABDULLAH*, VIKINESWARY SABARATNAM, HATTORI TSUTOMU,
SUMAIYAH ABDULLAH, NORASWATI MOHD. NOOR RASHID & MD. YUSOFF MUSA
ABSTRAcT
Macrofungi of the order Polyporales are among the most important wood decomposers and caused economic losses by
decaying the wood in standing trees, logs and in sawn timber. Diversity and distribution of Polyporales in Peninsular
Malaysia was investigated by collecting basidiocarps from trunks, branches, exposed roots and soil from six states (Johor,
Kedah, Kelantan, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang and Selangor) in Peninsular Malaysia and Federal Territory Kuala Lumpur.
This study showed that the diversity of Polyporales were less diverse than previously reported. The study identiied 60
species from ive families; Fomitopsidaceae, Ganodermataceae, Meruliaceae, Meripilaceae, and Polyporaceae. The
common species of Polyporales collected were Fomitopsis feei, Amauroderma subrugosum, Ganoderma australe, Earliella
scabrosa, Lentinus squarrosulus, Microporus xanthopus, Pycnoporus sanguineus and Trametes menziesii.
Keywords: Macrofungi; Polyporales
ABSTRAK
Makrokulat daripada Order Polyporales adalah antara pereput kayu yang sangat penting dan telah diketahui bahawa
banyak spesies Polyporales menyebabkan kerugian daripada aspek ekonomi dengan menyebabkan pereputan pada pokokpokok kayu, balak serta kayu gergaji. Kepelbagaian dan taburan Polyporales di Semenanjung Malaysia telah dikaji
dengan membuat koleksi basidiokarpa yang terdapat pada batang-batang kayu, dahan, akar banir serta yang tumbuh
di permukaan tanah di enam buah negeri (Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang dan Selangor), termasuk
di Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur. Hasil kajian menunjukkan taburan Polyporales adalah kurang meluas daripada
yang telah dilaporkan sebelum ini. Enam puluh spesies daripada lima famili: Fomitopsidaceae, Ganodermataceae,
Meruliaceae, Meripilaceae dan Polyporaceae telah dikenalpasti. Antara spesies yang biasa dijumpai adalah Fomitopsis
feei, Amauroderma subrugosum, Ganoderma australe, Earliella scabrosa, Lentinus squarrosulus, Microporus xanthopus,
Pycnoporus sanguineus dan Trametes menziesii.
Kata kunci: Kulat makro; Polyporales
INTRODUcTION
Peninsular Malaysia located approximately between 6° 45´
and 1° 20´ N latitude and 99° 40´ and 104° 20´ E longitudes
comprises eleven states and the Federal Territory of Kuala
Lumpur and Putrajaya. Topographically, Peninsular
Malaysia is characterized by extensive coastal plains in
the east and west, hilly and mountainous region with steep
slopes in the central and undulating terrain in other parts
of the peninsula. The forests of Peninsular Malaysia have
been classiied according to their ecological and physical
conditions, but for the purposes of management they can be
classiied broadly into the Dipterocarp, Freshwater Swamp
and Mangrove forests (Hooi 1987). The dipterocarp forest
occurs on dry land just above sea level to an altitude of
about 900 metres. The forests in Malaysia are mostly
dominated by trees from the Dipterocarpaceae family.
Estimates of fungal diversity based on the perception
that many species are yet to be discovered vary widely
with the most commonly cited estimate of 1.5 million
(Hawksworth 1991). For tropical forest systems in
particular, it is clear that the current number of described
fungal species is only a small fraction of the number of
species that exist there (Rossman 1994). Recently, Meuller
et al. (2007) estimated the species of macrofungi in tropical
Asia to be in the range between 10,000 and 25,000.
Furthermore, in Malaysia, 70-80% of fungi are yet to be
discovered (corner 1996; Lee et al. 1995).
The Polyporales are a large group of macrofungi.
Donk (1965) divided poroid mushrooms into five
families namely Polyporaceae, Hymenochaetaceae,
Ganodermataceae, Bondarzewiaceae and Fistulinaceae. In
addition, some poroid genera were also assigned to families
coniophoraceae, corticiaceae and Thelephoraceae.
According to Ainsworth and Bisby’s dictionary of fungi
(Kirk et al. 2001) there are twenty-three families in the
Order Polyporales. However, many of the species belong
to Polyporaceae.
In Malaysia, the history of taxonomic studies of
polypores started in the 19th and early 20th century. cooke
(1883, 1884, 1885a, 1885b) was the first mycologist
156
who collected various species of polypores from the
Malay Peninsula. chipp (1921) reported 102 Polyporales
species from the Malay Peninsula while corner (1935)
had studied the occurrence and the seasonal occurence of
fungi in the Malay Peninsula and Singapore. Lim (1972)
collected common large fungi such as Amauroderma spp.,
Ganoderma spp., Pycnoporus sanguineus and Microporus
xanthopus in Malaysia and Singapore, and then stated that
basidiomycetes which were very frequently found in the
study sites were polyporous fungi. Later, Oldridge et al.
(1985) collected nine species of Polyporales from Pahang
and Negeri Sembilan namely Daedalea lavida, Lenzites
elegans, Microporus affinis, M. xanthopus, M. luteoceraceus, Pycnoporus sanguineus, Fomitopsis feei and
Lentinus concinnus. Additionally, Kuthubutheen (1981) and
Noorlidah et al. (2005) have documented the macrofungi of
Langkawi. Noorlidah et al. (2007) also studied the diversity
of fungi in Endau Rompin National Park, Johor which
primarily include the Orders Polyporales and Agaricales.
Lee et al. (1995) reported 21 species of the Polyporales
in Hulu Perak. Later, Salmiah and Thillainathan (1998)
reported Ganoderma orbiforme, Pycnoporus sanguineus
and Microporus xanthopus were the common macrofungi
in Malaysia. Furthermore, a study on the species diversity
and the frequency of the wood-inhabiting fungi from
various forest reserves and plantation forests in Peninsular
Malaysia, were documented by Salmiah and Jones (2001)
with 37 species of Polyporales collected. Sumaiyah et al.
(2007) have reported the distribution and new records of
Lentinus in Peninsular Malaysia. Recently, the diversity
of Polyporales has been reported by Noraswati et al.
(2006); Hattori et al. (2007) and Noorlidah et al. (2009).
The present study investigates the diversity of Polyporales
and their distribution at six states (Johor, Kedah, Kelantan,
FIGURE
Negeri Sembilan, Pahang and Selangor) in Peninsular
Malaysia and Federal Territory Kuala Lumpur.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
SAMPLING SITES
Samples of Polyporales were collected from 40 locations
in six states (Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Negeri Sembilan,
Selangor and Pahang) including Federal Territory of Kuala
Lumpur (Figure 1).
POLYPORALES cOLLEcTIONS
Fungal basidiocarps encountered along the trails were
collected from April 2003 to June 2008. Multiple
basidiocarps of the same species growing on an individual
tree or log were considered as one collection. All fungal
specimens were identiied to the species level using the
keys in Núňez and Ryvarden (2000, 2001) and Hattori
(2000, 2005). For colour term and notations of basidocarps,
the colour index in Kornerup and Wanscher (1973) was
referred. The basidocarps were then preserved as ovendried specimens at University of Malaya herbarium
(acronym KLU), Kuala Lumpur.
RESULTS
Basidiomata of 340 basidiocarps of Polyporales were
collected during 62 samplings carried out from April
2003 till June 2008 at various locations in the six states
of Peninsular Malaysia and Federal Territory of Kuala
Lumpur (Table 1). The samplings were done from May
to August and from November to February of each year.
1. Sampling sites of Polyporales in Peninsular Malaysia
157
TABLE 1. The
Polyporales collected from selected locations in Peninsular Malaysia
States and Federal Territory
Frequency of collections
1
2
3
Daedalea lusor (corner) T. Hatt. (2005)
Fomitopsis feei (Fr.) Kreisel (1971)
Fomitopsis ostreiformis Bose (1923)*
Johor Kedah Kelantan
3
4
18
4
Kuala
Lumpur
Negeri
Sembilan
Pahang
5
3
11
1
2
1
1
1
2
11
3
1
4
2
5
3
1
1
1
Selangor
3
Ganodermataceae
4
5
6
Amauroderma subrugosum (Bres. & Pat.) Torrend (1920)
Ganoderma australe (Fr.) Pat. (1890)
Ganoderma lucidum complex (curtis) P. Karst. (1881)
1
7
2
2
3
1
1
2
2
Meripilaceae
7
8
9
10
Meripilus applanatus corner (1984)
Rigidoporus lineatus (Pers.) Ryvarden (1972)
Rigidoporus microporus (Sw.) Overeem (1924)
Rigidoporus vinctus (Berk.) Ryvarden (1972)
1
Meruliaceae
11
12
13
Flavodon lavus (Klotzsch) Ryvarden (1973)
Gloeoporus dichrous (Fr.) Bres. (1913)*
Gloeoporus sulphureus corner (1989)
1
1
1
1
1
Polyporaceae
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
Coriolopsis aspera (Jungh.) Teng (1963)
Coriolopsis badia (Berk.) Murrill (1907)*
Coriolopsis glabro-rigens (Lloyd) Núñez & Ryvarden (2001)
Coriolopsis sanguinaria (Klotzsch) Teng (1963)*
Coriolopsis strumosa (Fr.) Ryvarden (1976)
Earliella scabrosa (Pers.) Gilb. & Ryvarden (1985)
Echinochaete brachypora (Mont.) Ryvarden (1978)*
Favolus tenuiculus P. Beauv. (1806)
Flabellophora licmophora (Massee) corner (1987)
Fomitella rhodophaea (Lév.) T. Hatt. (2005)
Funalia polyzona (Pers.) Niemelä*
Hexagonia tenuis (Hook.) Fr. (1838)
Lentinus badius (Berk.) Berk. (1847)
Lentinus connatus Berk. (1842)
Lentinus fasciatus Berk. (1840)*
Lentinus polychrous Lév. (1844)
Lentinus sajor-caju (Fr.) Fr. (1838)
Lentinus squarrosulus Mont. (1842)
Lentinus strigosus (Schwein.) Fr. (1838)
Lentinus tigrinus (Bull.) Fr. (1825)*
Lentinus velutinus Fr. (1830)
Lenzites acuta Berk. (1842)
Lenzites elegans (Spreng.) Pat. (1900)
Lignosus rhinocerotis (cooke) Ryvarden 1972
Macrohyporia dictyopora (cooke) I. Johans. & Ryvarden
(1979)*
Microporellus inusitatus (Lloyd) corner (1987)
Microporus afinis (Blume & T. Nees) Kuntze (1898)
Microporus vernicipes (Berk.) Kuntze (1898)
Microporus xanthopus (Fr.) Kuntze (1898)
Nigroporus vinosus (Berk.) Murrill (1905)
Panus similis (Berk. & Broome) T.W. May & A.E. Wood.
(1995)*
Perenniporia ochroleuca (Berk.) Ryvarden (1972)
Polyporus arcularius (Batsch) Fr. (1821)
Polyporus grammocephalus Berk. (1842)
Polyporus leprieurii Mont. (1840)
Polyporus philippinensis Berk. (1842)*
Polyporus cf. badius (Pers.) Schwein (1832)*
Pseudofavolus cucullatus (Mont.) Pat. (1900)
Pycnoporus cinnabarinus (Jacq.) P. Karst. (1881)*
Pycnoporus sanguineus (L.) Murrill (1904)
Pyrofomes albomarginatus (Zipp. ex Lév.) Ryvarden
(1972)
Trametes cf. hirsuta (Wulfen) Lloyd (1924)
Trametes lactinea (Berk.) Sacc. (1888)*
Trametes menziesii (Berk.) Ryvarden (1972)
Trametes pocas (Berk.) Ryvarden (1984)
Trichaptum byssogenum (Jungh.) Ryvarden (1972)*
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
8
1
2
1
3
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
2
1
1
9
3
4
4
3
1
1
2
3
1
2
2
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
1
9
3
5
1
10
5
1
1
1
3
1
2
1
1
3
2
3
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
7
1
4
3
2
4
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
5
5
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
6
1
4
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
(Continued)
4
2
5
1
1
158
TABLE 1.
(cont.)
States and Federal Territory
Frequency of collections
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
Pseudofavolus cucullatus (Mont.) Pat. (1900)
Pycnoporus cinnabarinus (Jacq.) P. Karst. (1881)*
Pycnoporus sanguineus (L.) Murrill (1904)
Pyrofomes albomarginatus (Zipp. ex Lév.) Ryvarden
(1972)
Trametes cf. hirsuta (Wulfen) Lloyd (1924)
Trametes lactinea (Berk.) Sacc. (1888)*
Trametes menziesii (Berk.) Ryvarden (1972)
Trametes pocas (Berk.) Ryvarden (1984)
Trichaptum byssogenum (Jungh.) Ryvarden (1972)*
Trichaptum durum (Jungh.) corner (1987)*
Johor Kedah Kelantan
3
18
4
Kuala
Lumpur
Negeri
Sembilan
Pahang
Selangor
5
3
11
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
6
1
4
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
4
2
5
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
Total number of basidiocarp collected
58
56
9
27
59
41
90
Number of species identiied
25
27
7
15
19
23
39
1
* Species not collected by other workers
During this period of Peninsular Malaysia experiences
rainy seasons associated with the southwest and northeast
monsoon.
During the study period, 60 species indentiied are
includes in ive families, Fomitopsidaceae (three species),
Ganodermataceae (three species), Meruliaceae (three
species), Meripilaceae (four species), and Polyporaceae
(47 species). The frequently encountered species based
on the number of basidiocarps collected were Ganoderma
australe (33) followed by Lentinus squarrosulus (21),
Earliella scabrosa (20), Pycnoporus sanguineus (20),
Lentinus connatus (18), Microporus xanthopus (16),
Trametes menziesii (15), Lenzites elegans (15) Lentinus
sajor-caju (14) and Microporus afinis (14). The common
species of Polyporales collected were Fomitopsis feei,
Amauroderma subrugosum, Ganoderma australe, Earliella
scabrosa, Lentinus squarrosulus, Microporus xanthopus,
Pycnoporus sanguineus and Trametes menziesii. The
respective species were considered as common species
because they were collected at most of all the study
sites.
Besides, 20 species were only collected once during
the study period; Daedalea lusor, Meripilus applanatus,
Rigidoporus lineatus, R. vinctus, Gloeoporus dichrous,
G. sulphureus, Coriolopsis aspera, C. sanguinaria, C.
strumosa, Echinochaete brachypora, Flabellophora
licmophora, Lentinus tigrinus, L. velutinus, Macrohyporia
dictyopora, Microporellus inusitatus, Polyporus
philippinensis, P. cf. badius, Pseudofavolus cucullatus,
Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and Trichaptum byssogenum.
Johor is located in the southern part of Peninsular
Malaysia. In Johor, three collections were made in Endau
Rompin National Park. The Endau Rompin National
Park is located at Mersing and Segamat districts of Johor.
This forest is a tropical rainforest which covers 48,905
hectares, encompassing the watershed of the rivers
Endau and Rompin. They are two entry points to Endau
Rompin National Park which are through Kg. Peta in
Mersing and Kg. Selai in Segamat. Twenty ive species
were identiied from ive families. Three frequently found
species were Ganoderma australe, Earliella scabrosa and
Lentinus connatus. Furthermore, Gleoporus dichrous,
Flabellophora licmophora and Microporellus inusitatus
were only collected once throughout the study period.
Kedah is located in the northwestern part of Peninsular
Malaysia. The state consists of the mainland and Langkawi.
In Kedah, 18 collections were made in Langkawi.
Langkawi is a cluster of 99 islands separated from mainland
Peninsular Malaysia by the Straits of Malacca with the total
land mass of the islands is 47,848 hectares. Two-thirds
of the islands are dominated by forest-covered hills and
natural vegetation. These study sites are mostly recreational
forest except two forest reserves; Gunung Raya and
Matchinchang. Twenty seven species from four families;
Fomitopsidaceae, Ganodermataceae, Meripilaceae and
Polyporaceae were collected, with 18 species belonged to
Polyporaceae. Lentinus spp. were frequently encountered
in Langkawi with seven species collected: Lentinus badius,
L. connatus, L. fasciatus, L. polychrous, L. squarrosulus,
L. strigosus and L. velutinus. Out of nine Lentinus species
collected in this study, L. velutinus was only encountered
in Langkawi throughout the study period. In addition, three
species; Rigidoporus lineatus, Perenniporia ochroleuca
and Coriolopsis sanguinaria were also encountered only
in Langkawi.
Kuala Lumpur is the capital city of Malaysia and it
is enclaved within the state of Selangor, on the the central
west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The shape, form and
disposition of Kuala Lumpur are created by the irregular
topography of hills, river and stream valleys throughout
the city area. In the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur,
five collections were made in University of Malaya
and Malaysia Nature Society Heritage Trail. Fifteen
species belonging to three families; Ganodermataceae,
159
Meruliaceae and Polyporaceae were identiied with twelve
species belonged to Polyporaceae. Fomitopsis ostreiformis
and Polyporus philippinensis were only encountered in
Kuala Lumpur throughout the study period.
Kelantan is located in the northeastern part of
Peninsular Malaysia. It is bordered by Narathiwat Province
of Thailand to the north, Terengganu to the southeast,
Perak to the west and Pahang to the south. In Kelantan,
three collections were made in Bachok which is located 25
kilometers east of Kota Bharu. Most of the collections were
done at recreational forest. In Kelantan, six Polyporaceae
species were identified namely Lentinus fasciatus,
L. squarrosulus, Microporus xanthopus, Pycnoporus
sanguineus, Trametes cf. hirusta, T. menziesii and one
Ganodermataceae identiied as Ganoderma australe.
Negeri Sembilan is located on the western coast
of Peninsular Malaysia. In Negeri Sembilan, three
collections were done at recreational forest. A total of
19 species belonging to four families; Fomitopsidaceae,
Ganodermataceae, Meripilaceae and Polyporaceae were
identified. Fourteen identified species belonging to
Polyporaceae with Lenzites elegans, Earliella scabrosa
and Pycnoporus sanguineus were frequently encountered.
Three species of Ganodermataceae; Amauroderma
subrugosum, Ganoderma australe, and G. lucidum
complex were also collected. Furthermore, Meripilus
applanatus and Coriolopsis aspera were only encountered
in Negeri Sembilan throughout the study period.
Pahang is the largest state in Peninsular Malaysia and is
situated in the eastern coastal region. In Pahang, most of
the collections were done in highland areas; cameron
Highlands and Fraser’s Hill. Further, collections were
also done in lowland areas; cherating, Jerantut and
Kuala Lipis localities. At 1,500 metres above sea level
cameron Highlands is situated at the north-western tip of
Pahang with temperatures no higher than 25°c. Twenty
three species from four families; Fomitopsidaceae,
Ganodermataceae, Meripilaceae and Polyporaceae were
collected with 17 species belonged to Polyporaceae. Most
of the species were only collected once or twice during
each visit, except for Lentinus squarrosulus (5 collections),
Ganoderma australe (4 collections), Microporus afinis
(4 collections), Pycnoporus sanguineus (4 collections),
Rigidoporus microporus (3 collections) and Lenzites
elegans (3 collections).
The state of Selangor, which extends along the west
coast of Peninsular Malaysia, is the most rapidly developing
state in Malaysia, has an area of approximately 800,000
ha. Most of the basidocarps were collected in Selangor
consisting of 39 species belonging to five families;
Fomitopsidaceae, Ganodermataceae, Meripilaceae,
Meruliaceae and Polyporaceae were collected. Twenty
eight species identiied belonged to Polyporaceae. Lentinus
spp. were frequently encountered in Selangor with six
species collected; Lentinus sajor-caju, L. squarrosulus,
L. badius, L. connatus, L. strigosus and L. tigrinus. Nine
species; Daedalea lusor, Rigidoporus vinctus, Gloeoporus
sulphureus, Coriolopsis strumosa, Lentinus tigrinus,
Macrohyporia dictyopora, Pseudofavolus cucullatus,
Polyporus cf. badius and Trichaptum byssogenum were
encountered only during visits to the study sites in
Selangor. The frequently encountered species in Selangor
were Ganoderma australe, Lentinus sajor-caju, L.
squarrosulus, Microporus afinis, Polyporus arcularius,
P. grammocephalus and Trametes menziesii.
DIScUSSION
The study documented the diversity and distribution of
Polyporales over the six years conducted in 40 localities
in Peninsular Malaysia. Our identiied specimens do not
sufice for any thorough conclusions on the Polyporales
species, their host relationships and distribution ranges
because 60 species only make a part of the total 155
species reported by chipp (1921), Oldridge et al. (1985),
Lim (1972), Kuthubutheen (1981), Lee et al. (1995);
Salmiah and Thillainathan (1998), Salmiah and Jones
(2001), Hattori et al. (2007) and Noorlidah et al. (2009).
Forty-four species identified in this study were also
reported by the previous workers. Nevertheless, the study
have identiied 16 species which were not yet reported
by the previous studies; Coriolopis badia, Coriolopsis
sanguinaria, Echinochaetae brachypora, Fomitopsis
ostreiformis, Funalia polyzona, Gloeoporus dichrous,
Lentinus fasciatus, Lentinus tigrinus, Macrohyporia
dictyopora, Panus similis, Polyporus cf. badius, Polyporus
philippinensis, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Trametes
lactinea, Trichaptum bysogenum and Trichaptum durum.
The highest number of species identiied in this study
was from Selangor followed by Kedah, Johor, Pahang,
Negeri Sembilan, Kuala Lumpur and Kelantan. The
high number of species in Selangor was contributed by
the frequent collections made during the study period
compared to the other study sites. conversely, in Johor,
the high numbers of species identiied were not relected
by the frequent collection but the conditions of the forest
itself. As one of the state park in Peninsular Malaysia, the
forest environments are well-preserved with only limited
areas of the park is open for ecotourism. Additionally, the
entry to the park requires a special permit from the Johor
National Park corporation. This provide areas less affected
by human activities where a broader range of Polyporales
species could be encountered.
The differences in the occurrence of Polyporales in
the various localities in this study also can be attributed
to several factors such as rainfall, quantities of suitable
substrata, damp forests with constant high air humidity
and type of forest (Salmiah & Jones 2001). This study,
however was not undertaken based on the ‘fruiting seasons’
proposed by corner (1935, 1988). The low number of
Polyporales recorded in this study could also because of
only one to two collecting visits were made to each of
these sites. In fact, a complete knowledge of the fungi for
any locality would require continuous observation and
collection over many years (Pegler 1997). This hypothesis
is supported by the indings of Corner (1983, 1989, and
160
1991) that showed that species diversity and occurrence
increased with the increasing number of visits over a longer
period.
The present data showed that there are seven
commonly encountered Polyporales in Peninsular
Malaysia; Fomitopsis feei, Ganoderma australe, Earliella
scabrosa, Lentinus squarrosulus, Microporus xanthopus,
Pycnoporus sanguineus and Trametes menziesii. These
common species have also been reported by other workers
(Kuthubutheen 1981; Lee et al. 1995; Lim 1972; Salmiah
& Thillainathan 1998) except for Ganoderma australe and
Lentinus squarrosulus which have not been reported in
earlier studies as among common macrofungi in Peninsular
Malaysia.
In this study, Lentinus was one of the common genus
encountered. Lentinus araucariae, L. polychrous, L.
squarrosulus, L. strigosus and L. velutinus were among the
species which had been described by Pegler (1983) who
documented 13 species of Lentinus in Malaysia. Sumaiyah
et al. (2007) reported four Lentinus species; L. connatus,
L. velutinus, L. strigosus, and L. fasciatus which had not
been documented by corner (1981), and L. fasciatus was
a new record for Malaysia as it had not been documented
in Malaysia by Pegler (1983), corner (1981), Lee et al.
(1995), and Salmiah and Jones (2001).
Moreover, the other common genera of Polyporales
collected in this study were Coriolopsis (ive species),
Polyporus (ive species), Trametes (four species) and
Rigidoporus (three species). On the other hand, there
were 18 genera with only one species recorded; Daedalea,
Amauroderma, Flavodon, Earliella, Echinochaetae,
Favolus, Flabellophora, Fomitella, Funalia, Hexagonia,
Lignosus, Macrohyporia, Microporellus, Nigroporus,
Panus, Perenniporia, Pseudofavolus and Pyrofomes.
cONcLUSION
The diversity and distribution of Polyporales in Peninsular
Malaysia are less diverse than previously reported, but
16 out of 60 species identiied were not yet recorded by
previous workers. In conclusion, there is need of further
continuous and long-term research to be undertaken
for a better knowledge and understanding of Malaysian
macrofungal diversity in particular.
AcKNOWLEDGEMENT
This work was inanced by Research University Grant
P0245-2007A, PS167-2008B, MRc66-02-03-0074.
REFERENcES
chipp, T.F. 1921. A list of fungi of the Malay Peninsula. Gardens
Bulletin Straits Settlement 2: 311-418.
cooke, M.c. 1883. Fungi from Perak. Grevillea 12(63): 84.
cooke, M.c. 1884. Fungi of Perak. Grevillea 13(65): 1-4.
cooke, M.c. 1885a. Fungi of Malayan Peninsula. Grevillea
14(70): 43-44.
cooke, M.c. 1885b. Some exotic fungi. Grevillea 14(69): 1114.
corner, E.J.H. 1935. The seasonal fruiting of agarics in Malaya.
Gardens Bulletin Straits Settlement 9: 79-88.
corner, E.J.H. 1981. The agaric genera Lentinus, Panus and
Pleurotus with particular reference to Malaysian species.
Beihefte Nova Hedwigia 69: 1-169.
corner, E.J.H. 1983. Ad-Polyporaceaes I. Amauroderma and
Ganoderma. Beihefte Nova Hedwigia 75: 182.
corner, E.J.H. 1988. Higher Fungi. Oxford, United Kingdom:
Pergamon Press.
corner, E.J.H. 1989. Ad-Polyporaceaes VI. Beihefte Nova
Hedwigia 97: 197.
corner, E.J.H. 1991. Ad-Polyporaceaes VII. Beihefte Nova
Hedwigia 101: 175.
corner, E.J.H. 1996. The agaric genera Marasmius,
Chaetocalathus, Crinipellis, Heimiomyces, Resupinatus,
Xerula and Xerulina in Malesia. Beihefte Nova Hedwigia
111: 1-175.
Donk, M.A. 1965. The mycological publications of K.B. Boedijn.
Persoonia 3(3): 325-330.
Hattori, T. 2000. Type studies of polypores descibed by E.J.H.
Corner from Asia and West Paciic Areas I. Species described
in Polyporus, Buglossoporus, Meripilus, Daedalea and
Flabellophora Mycoscience 41: 339-349.
Hattori, T. 2005. Type studies of the polypores described by
E.J.H. Corner from Asia and West Paciic Areas VII. Species
described in Trametes (1). Mycoscience 46: 303-312.
Hattori, T., Rashid, N.M.N. & Salmiah, U. 2007. Basidiomycota:
Diversity of Malaysian polypores. In Jones, E.B.G., Hyde,
K.D. & Vikineswary, S. (Eds.). Malaysian Fungal Diversity.
Malaysia. pp. 55-68.
Hawksworth, D.L. 1991. The fungal dimension of biodiversity:
magnitude, significance and conservation. Mycological
Research 95(6): 641-655.
Hooi, c.T. 1987. Forest management systems for tropical high
forest, with special reference to Peninsular Malaysia. Forest
Ecology and Management 21: 3-20.
Kirk, P.M., cannon, P.F., David, J.c. & Stalpers, J.A. (eds.).
2001. Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi (9th ed.).
Wallingford, United Kingdom: cABI Publishing.
Kornerup, A. & Wanscher, J.H. 1973. Methuen Handbook of
Colour (3rd ed.). London, Methuen & co. Ltd.
Kuthubutheen, A.J. 1981. Notes on the macrofungi of Langkawi.
Malayan Nature Journal 34(3): 123-130.
Lee, S.S., Besl, H. & Salmiah, U. 1995. Some fungi of the
Sungai Halong and surrounding areas, Temenggor Forest
Reserve, Hulu Perak, Malaysia. Malayan Nature Journal
48: 147-155.
Lim, G. 1972. Some common large fungi in Malaysia and
Singapore. Malayan Nature Journal 25: 84-89.
Meuller, G.M., Schmit, J.P., Leacock, P.R., Buyck, B., cifuentes,
J., Desjardin, D.E., Halling, R. E., Hjortstam, K., Iturriaga,
T., Larsson, K.H., Lodge, D.J., May, T.W., Minter, D.,
Rajchenberg, M., Redhead, S.A., Ryvarden, L., Trappe, J.M.,
Watling, R. & Wu, Q. 2007. Global diversity and distribution
of macrofungi. Biodiversity and Conservation 16: 37-48.
Noorlidah, A., Vikineswary, S. & Yusoff, M. 2009. Survey of
macrofungi in the Kenaboi Reserve, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan.
Malaysian Journal of Science 28(4): 39-48.
Noorlidah, A., Vikineswary, S., Yusoff, M. & Desjardin, D.E.
2005. Higher fungi of Northeast Langkawi. Malaysian
Journal of Science 24: 45-102.
161
Noorlidah, A., Vikineswary, S., Yusoff, M., Desjardin, D. E. &
Jones, E.B.G. 2007. The forest and biodiversity of Selai,
Endau-Rompin. In Mohamad, H. & Zakaria-Ismail, M. (Eds.).
Macrofungi at the southwestern region of Endau-Rompin
National Park, Johore, Malaysia. Perbadanan Taman Negara
Johor. pp. 39-53.
Noraswati, M.N.R., Salmiah, U. & Noorlidah, A. 2006.
Preliminary study in the genera of Malaysian polypores.
8th Paciic Rim Bio-Based Composites Symposium, Kuala
Lumpur.
Núñez, M. & Ryvarden, L. 2000. East Asian Polypores. Vol I.
Synopsis Fungorum 13: 1-177.
Núñez, M. & Ryvarden, L. 2001. East Asian Polypores. Vol II.
Synopsis Fungorum 14: 170-505.
Oldridge, S.G., Pegler, D.N., Reid, D.A. & Spooner, B.M. 1985.
A collection of fungi from Pahang and Negeri Sembilan
(Malaysia). Kew Bulletin 41: 855-872.
Pegler, D.N. 1983. The genus Lentinus: A World Monograph,
Her Majesty’s Stationary Ofice.
Pegler, D.N. 1997. The Larger Fungi of Borneo. Kota Kinabalu:
Natural History Publications.
Rossman, A. 1994. A strategy for an all-taxa inventory of fungal
biodiversity. In Peng, c.I. & chou, c.H. (eds.). Biodiversity
and Terrestrial Ecosystem. Taipei, Taiwan, Institute of
Botany, Academia Sinica Monograph. Series No. 14. pp.
169-194.
Salmiah, U. & Jones, E.B.G. 2001. Occurrence of wood
inhabiting fungi in forests of Peninsular Malaysia. Journal
of Tropical Forest Science 13(2): 237-245.
Salmiah, U. & Thillainathan, P. 1998. Some common macrofungi
in Malaysia. FRIM Technical Information No. 64. Forest
Research Institute Malaysia.
Sumaiyah, A., Noorlidah, A., Vikineswary, S. & Grand, E. 2007.
Basidiomycota: Distribution and New Records of Lentinus.
In Jones, E.B.G., Hyde, K.D.H. & Vikineswary, S. (eds.).
Malaysian Fungal Diversity. Mushroom Research centre,
University of Malaya and Ministry of Natural Resources and
Environment. pp. 80-93.
Mohamad Hasnul Bolhassan
Department of Plant Science and Environmental Ecology
Faculty of Resource Science and Technology
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
94300, Kota Samarahan
Sarawak, Malaysia
Noorlidah Abdullah*, Vikineswary Sabaratnam,
Sumaiyah Abdullah,
Noraswati Mohd Noor Rashid & Md. Yusoff Musa
Mushroom Research centre
Institute of Biological Sciences
Faculty of Science
University of Malaya
50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Hattori Tsutomu
Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
Tsukaba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan
*corresponding author; email: noorlidah@um.edu.my
Received: 2 March 2011
Accepted: 19 August 2011
Vikineswary Sabaratnam