Ann.Bot.Fennici42:173–184
Helsinki29June2005
ISSN0003-3847
©FinnishZoologicalandBotanicalPublishingBoard2005
MarantaceaeofEquatorialGuinea
FranciscoJ.Cabezas,ManuelDelaEstrella,CarlosAedo&
MauricioVelayos
RealJardínBotánicodeMadrid,ConsejoSuperiordeInvestigacionesCientíficas,PzaMurillo2,
28014Madrid,Spain(e-mail:cabezas@ma-rjb.csic.es)
Received7Sep.2004,revisedversionreceived19Nov.2004,accepted17Dec.2004
Cabezas, F. J., De la Estrella, M., Aedo, C. & Velayos, M. 2005: Marantaceae of Equatorial
Guinea.—Ann.Bot.Fennici42:173–184.
A checklist of the Marantaceae of Equatorial Guinea, comprising eleven genera and
twenty-six species, is presented. The best represented genus is Marantochloa, with
eight species. In addition, bibliographic references for Marantaceae from Equatorial
Guinea are gathered and checked. Eight species of Marantaceae are vouched for the
first time from the country.
Key words: Annobón, Bioko, checklist, Equatorial Guinea, Marantaceae, Río Muni
Introduction
Marantaceae comprises ca. 31 genera and 550
species. It is an essentially pantropical family,
but absent from Australia, with a few members
outside the tropics in South and North America.
The African flora is poor in species (30–35),
but comparatively rich in genera (10–12). This
reflects great diversity in growth habit, inflorescence and fruit structure. The family is distributed from Sierra Leone to Sudan, Uganda
and Zimbabwe, but mainly centred in the west
(Andersson 1998).
In Equatorial Guinea, the “arrowroot family”
is widely distributed and highly diverse too,
common in habitats ranging from shady places
in rain forest to secondary forest, in which they
tend to be climbers.
Important works on the Marantaceae of Central and West tropical Africa are those of Baker
(1898), Hutchinson and Dalziel (1936), MilneRedhead (1950, 1952), Koechlin (1964, 1965)
and Hepper (1968a, 1968b, 1968c). Other rel-
evant studies on nomenclature, conservation or
floristics of the neighbouring countries were also
considered (Brenan 1953, Guinea 1968, Lebrun
& Stork 1995).
There is no treatment of the Marantaceae for
the whole of Equatorial Guinea, even though
parts of the country are covered by other treatments (Annobón was included in Exell 1944,
1963, 1973a, 1973b; Bioko was included in
Hepper 1968a; Río Muni was included in Guinea
1946). General more or less detailed information about geography, climate and vegetation
of Equatorial Guinea can be found in Guinea
(1946), Exell (1973a, 1973b), De Castro and De
la Calle (1985), Pérez de Val (1993) and Heras
et al. (2002). A compilation of data about location, phytogeography, climate, hydrogeography,
soils and vegetation is available in the internet at
http://www.floradeguinea.com/guinea.php.
Over the last 22 years the Real Jardín
Botánico has carried out intensive fieldwork on
both Bioko and Río Muni. The identification of
these collections at MA has revealed further new
174
records and new areas of distribution for some
taxa (Herrero et al. 2001, Velayos et al. 2001,
Fero et al. 2003, Parmentier & Geerinck 2003,
Cabezas et al. 2004). Studies on the inselbergs
and related vegetation, carried out in the Université Libre of Bruxelles, such as Lejoly and
Lisowski (1999) and Parmentier (2001, 2003)
or Parmentier et al. (2001) and Parmentier and
Geerinck (2003) have complemented this floristic approach in the last five years.
The aim of this work is to update the catalogue of Marantaceae for the whole of Equatorial Guinea including both bibliographic records
and herbarium specimens. This checklist is a step
towards a modern Flora of Equatorial Guinea.
Materialandmethods
The checklist is primarily based on herbarium
specimens. We studied more than 200 specimens
collected in Equatorial Guinea from BM, BRLU,
K, and MA, including both the historic collections made under British expeditions by Barter,
Mann, Tessmann and Vogel, and modern collections obtained by Spanish and Belgian expeditions. For comparative purposes some selected
specimens of Marantaceae from neighbouring
countries were also studied in these herbaria.
Bibliographic references for the Marantaceae
of Equatorial Guinea were also checked, most
Cabezasetal. • ANN.BOT.FENNICI Vol.42
of them gathered and compiled in the previous
phases of our project (Aedo et al. 1999). One
species, Thalia geniculata was included based
only on literature records, since its distribution
area makes its presence in Equatorial Guinea
likely. The locality names used in this checklist
were brought up-to-date following Velayos et al.
(2001: 147–149). A list of the localities where
the Marantaceae have been collected in Equatorial Guinea is provided, including the geographic
coordinates (Table 1).
The checklist is alphabetically arranged
by genera and species. Generic circumscriptions are in accordance with Andersson (1998).
The authors of scientific names are abbreviated
according to Brummit and Powell (1992). Those
abbreviations not found in that book were confirmed from the updated version of “Authors of
plant names”, available on the internet at http://
www.ipni.org/ipni/query_author.html.
For the identification of specimens we mainly
used regional floras (Baker 1898, Hutchinson
& Dalziel 1936, Koechlin 1964, 1965, Hepper
1968a), but for Marantochloa we followed
Dhetchuvi’s study (1996).
Under each accepted name, a list of synonyms
used in the literature was included. Specimens
were ordered alphabetically by the regions and
provinces: Annobón, Bioko (provinces of Bioko
Norte and Bioko Sur) and Río Muni (provinces of
Centro Sur, Kie Ntem, Litoral and Wele Nzas).
Table1.LocalitiesinEquatorialGuineawhereMarantaceaehavebeencollected.
Locality(province)
Abang,Niefang(CentroSur)
Aconibe-Acurenam,Eviam(WeleNzas)
Acurenam-Aconibe,Akok(WeleNzas)
Asok(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
Ayangtang(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
BahíadeVenus(BiokoNorte)
Basilé(BiokoNorte)
Bata-Bicomo,sobreelríoEcucu,estradakm22(Litoral)
Batoicopo(BiokoNorte)
Bicurga,inselbergprèsduBicurga(CentroSur)
Bimvile(WeleNzas)
Bioko(BiokoAD)
Bisun(CentroSur)
Bococo(BiokoSur)
Boloco(BiokoSur)
Bonyoma(BiokoNorte)
Coordinates
1°55´N,10°22´E
1°11´N,10°47´E
1°5´N,10°45´E
1°34´N,10°21´E
1°33´N,10°25´E
3°46´N,8°44´E
3°42´N,8°48´E
1°40´N,9°50´E
3°38´N,8°39´E
1°35´N,10°28´E
1°50´N,10°45´E
3°30´N,8°42´E
1°43´N,10°18´E
3°25´N,8°26´E
3°26´N,8°45´E
3°36´N,8°45´E
continued
ANN.BOT.FENNICI Vol.42 • MarantaceaeofEquatorialGuinea
175
Table1.Continued.
Locality(province)
bosqueBasuala(BiokoNorte)
Campo(Litoral)
Corisco(Litoral)
dallerocheusedeMonteAlén,à1h30dusiteECOFAC(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
dallerocheused’Engong(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
Ebolowa(CentroSur)
Ebon-Oyac(KieNtem)
Engong(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
Enkumekien(CentroSur)
Enkumekien(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
Esamalang(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
Eviam-Aconibe(WeleNzas)
Evinayong(CentroSur)
EyanBot,km12delacarreteraaCogo(Litoral)
inselbergd’Asoc(WeleNzas)
inselbergdeAkoakEbanga(WeleNzas)
inselbergdeDjimbamarac,15mindeMfuin(WeleNzas)
inselbergdeDumu(WeleNzas)
inselbergMungum,a45mindeCucumancoc(WeleNzas)
Laca(Litoral)
Malabo(BiokoNorte)
Malabo-Cupapa,cercadelapoblaçaoCupapa(BiokoNorte)
Mbiet,Añisok(WeleNzas)
Mbut,km30delacarreteradeEnkue(WeleNzas)
Meboman(Litoral)
Misergue(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
Misergue-Churu(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
Miyobo(CentroSur)
Miyoman(Litoral)
Mofú,cercadeOven(WeleNzas)
Moka,subidaalmonteAlén,porelcaminoquevaaBong(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
MonteAlén,subidaalmirador(CentroSur)
MonteAlén-repetidorTV(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
MonteBalea(BiokoNorte)
MonteChocolate(CentroSur)
MonteKundum(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
MontesdeOca(BiokoNorte)
Mosumu(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
Mosumu,cataratasríoUoro(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
Musola(BiokoSur)
Musola-Riaba(BiokoSur)
NcumEsongOyen(CentroSur)
Nfamam(P.N.MonteAlén)(CentroSur)
Ngong(CentroSur)
Niefang(CentroSur)
Niefang,explotaciónforestaldeMatroguisa(CentroSur)
Nsuameyong-Akuom(WeleNzas)
Nvua-NnvamOveng,Añisok(WeleNzas)
Oborobikó(Litoral)
picoBasilé(BiokoNorte)
praiaManuelRodrigues(BiokoSur)
Rilaja(BiokoSur)
ríoBimvile,Mikomeseng-Benito(WeleNzas)
Sendje(Litoral)
servicioagronómicodeMusola(BiokoSur)
Temelon,Añisok(WeleNzas)
Utonde-PuntaMbonda-Mepemba(Litoral)
Coordinates
3°38´N,8°55´E
1°13´N,9°48´E
0°55´N,9°18´E
1°39´N,10°18´E
1°37´N,10°18´E
1°28´N,10°30´E
2°5´N,11°10´E
1°37´N,10°19´E
1°34´N,10°22´E
1°32´N,10°22´E
1°33´N,10°12´E
1°12´N,10°49´E
1°27´N,10°34´E
1°47´N,9°47´E
1°18´N,10°50´E
1°4´N,11°12´E
1°52´N,10°58´E
1°22´N,11°19´E
1°19´N,10°49´E
1°5´N,9°42´E
3°45´N,8°47´E
3°40´N,8°55´E
1°52´N,10°45´E
1°51´N,10°40´E
1°44´N,9°53´E
1°25´N,10°13´E
1°24´N,10°16´E
1°45´N,10°11´E
1°53´N,9°58´E
1°4´N,10°48´E
1°39´N,10°16´E
1°39´N,10°18´E
1°39´N,10°19´E
3°42´N,8°53´E
1°46´N,10°16´E
1°35´N,10°4´E
3°43´N,8°53´E
1°43´N,10°4´E
1°36´N,10°2´E
3°26´N,8°37´E
3°25´N,8°42´E
1°36´N,10°19´E
1°33´N,10°21´E
1°37´N,10°18´E
1°50´N,10°14´E
1°57´N,10°23´E
1°0´N,11°0´E
1°49´N,10°42´E
1°51´N,9°45´E
3°35´N,8°46´E
3°34´N,8°36´E
3°25´N,8°38´E
1°51´N,10°46´E
1°34´N,9°50´E
3°26´N,8°37´E
1°56´N,10°38´E
2°2´N,9°48´E
176
Previous bibliographical records of each
taxon were grouped under the above-mentioned
three regions. When the taxon was recorded
under a synonym it is indicated in this form:
“Guinea 1946: 263, sub Clinogyne filipes”. In
cases of a misidentification the author’s name
is included following the cited species: “Baker
1898: 319 and 320, sub Trachyphrynium poggeanum K. Schum.”.
The distribution ranges of the species are provided, the information was obtained from local
floras of the neighbouring countries (Koechlin
1964, 1965, Hepper 1968a) and from several
studies by Andersson (1998). For Marantochloa
we compared these sources with Dhetchuvi’s
study (1996).
A summary table is included comparing
the checklist of the Marantaceae of Equatorial
Guinea with the accounts of the Marantaceae of
Cameroon and Gabon (Table 2). This summary
table also includes information about the distribution of the species in the three main regions
of Equatorial Guinea. Doubtful and erroneous
records are listed at the end of the checklist.
Checklist
AtaenidiaGagnep.
1.Ataenidiaconferta(Benth.)Milne-Redh.
Cabezasetal. • ANN.BOT.FENNICI Vol.42
HalopegiaK.Schum.
2.Halopegiaazurea(K.Schum.)K.Schum.
Donax azurea K. Schum.
Phrynium coriscense Baker
Bioko Norte: Bonyoma, Lope del Val s.n. (MA-712453).
Bioko Sur: Musola, Guinea s.n. (MA-386482); Lope del Val
s.n. (MA-702656). Litoral: SE of Bata, Oborobikó, Sabater
& Sandford 6051 (K). Wele Nzas: Eviam-Aconibe, pista
forestal, Pérez Viso 2079 (MA-691412); Nkolentangan, Tessmann 179 (K). Unknown province: Guinea & Lope del Val
73 (MA-691867), Guinea & Lope del Val 74 (MA-691868).
Previously recorded from Bioko (Exell
1973b: 390) and Río Muni (Guinea 1946: 157,
184i, 262).
The genus Halopegia comprises about four
species distributed from West Africa, the Congo
Basin and Indonesia (Andersson 1998). Halopegia azurea is an African species that has been frequently recorded throughout the tropical region
of the continental mainland (Baker 1898: 316
sub Donax azurea, Hutchinson & Dalziel 1936:
337, Koechlin 1964: 138, 1965: 140, Hepper
1968a: 85).
Baker (1898: 322) recorded under “Phrynium
coriscense Baker” the specimen Mann 1907, collected in “Corisco Bay”. Phrynium coriscence
was recorded by Koechlin (1964: 136, 1965:
140) and given as a synonym of Halopegia
azurea, currently an accepted species.
Phrynium confertum (Benth.) K. Schum.
Bioko: Fernández Casas 11594 (MA-712706). Bioko
Norte: Batoicopo, Lope del Val s.n. (MA-500355); MalaboRiaba, km 53, Carvalho 3238 (MA-702673). Centro Sur:
P. N. Monte Alén, Engong, Pérez Viso 782 (MA-706623);
P. N. Monte Alén, Enkumekien, Pérez Viso 1546 (MA687717), 4088 (MA-702664). Litoral: Bata-Cogo, km 47,
Sendje 2°, Pérez Viso 2937 (MA-691427); Corisco, Pérez
Viso 1905 (MA-690945). Unknown province: Guinea 1208
(MA-687701).
Although this species is distributed from West
Africa to the Central African Republic, Sudan
and Uganda (Andersson 1998), and has previously been recorded from Río Muni (Guinea
1946: 262, sub Phrynium confertum, Hepper
1968a: 89), Ataenidia conferta is vouched for the
first time from Bioko.
HaumaniaJ.Léonard
3.Haumaniadanckelmaniana(J.Braun&
K.Schum.)Milne-Redh.
Trachyphrynium danckelmanianum J. Braun &
K. Schum.
Centro Sur: Ebolowa, entre Bicurga y Evinayong, Pérez
Viso 1703 (MA-691415); inselberg de Bicurga, près du village de Bicurga, Parmentier 1781bis (BRLU); P. N. Monte
Alén, Engong, Pérez Viso 334 (MA-685875); P. N. Monte
Alén, Enkumekien, Pérez Viso 1521 (MA-687718); P. N.
Monte Alén, Esamalang, Pérez Viso 513 (MA-687155), 1129
(MA-687154); Niefang-Evinayong, Bisun, Pérez Viso 3425
(MA-687728). Litoral: Bata-Monson-Dibolo, estrada km 53–
54, Carvalho 4884 (MA-597846); Bata-Pembe, estrada km
20–21, Carvalho 5400 (MA-598322). Wele Nzas: Acurenam-
ANN.BOT.FENNICI Vol.42 • MarantaceaeofEquatorialGuinea
Aconibe, Akok, Pérez Viso 2045 (MA-691422), 2055 (MA691420); Mbiet, Añisok, Pérez Viso 3595 (MA-687162),
Nvua-Nvam Oveng, Añisok, Pérez Viso 3007 (MA-688931).
This species is distributed in Cameroon, Gabon
and Congo (Baker 1898: 319, Koechlin 1964: 110,
1965: 116, Hepper 1968a: 89), and previously
recorded from Río Muni (Guinea 1946: 65, 149,
184i and 262, sub Trachyphrynium danckelmanianum, Milne-Redhead 1950: 162, Hepper 1968a:
177
89, Parmentier 2001: 915, Parmentier & Nguema
2001: 212, 223, Parmentier et al. 2001: 358).
Hypselodelphys(K.Schum.)Milne-Redh.
4.Hypselodelphyshirsuta(Loes.)Koechlin
Trachyphrynium hirsutum Loes.
Table2.SpecieslistandcomparisonofthecatalogueoftheMarantaceaeofEquatorialGuineawiththeaccounts
fromneighbouringcountries.Acronymsandsources:Ann=Annobón(thisstudy),Bio=Bioko(thisstudy),Mun=
RíoMuni(thisstudy),Gab=Gabon(Koechlin1964),Cam=Cameroon(Koechlin1965),MtC=MountCameroon
(Cable & Cheek 1998). Data of Marantochloa were checked with Dhetchuvi’s study (1996). Boldface = species
expectedtooccurinEquatorialGuinea,sincetheyarevouchedfromneighbouringcountries,butstillnotcollected.
*=thepresenceofthisspeciesissupportedbyasinglecollectionfromGabon,whichisthetypespecimen;its
absencefromneighbouringcountriessuggeststhatmoreprecisestudiesareneeded.
Species
Afrocalathearhizantha
Ataenidiaconferta
Halopegiaazurea
Haumanialiebrechtsiana
Haumaniadanckelmaniana
Hypselodelphyshirsuta
Hypselodelphyspoggeana
Hypselodelphysscandens
Hypselodelphysviolacea
Hypelodelphyszenkeriana
Marantaarundinacea
Marantochloacongensis
Marantochloacordifolia
Marantochloafilipes
Marantochloaleucantha
Marantochloamannii
Marantochloamildbraedii
Marantochloamonophylla
Marantochloapurpurea
Marantochloaramosissima
Marantochloasulphurea
Megaphryniumdistans
Megaphryniumgabonense
Megaphryniummacrostachyum
Megaphryniumtrichogynum
Megaphryniumvelutinum
Sarcophryniumbrachystachyum
Sarcophryniumprionogonium
Sarcophryniumschweinfurthianum
Sarcophryniumvillosum*
Thaliageniculata
Thaumatococcusdanielli
Trachyphryniumbraunianum
EquatorialGuinea
Ann
Bio
Mun
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
+
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1
–
+
+
–
–
–
–
–
–
+
+
–
–
+
+
+
–
+
–
+
–
–
–
–
–
–
+
–
+
–
–
+
+
12
–
+
+
–
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
–
+
+
–
+
+
+
–
–
+
–
+
+
+
+
–
+
–
+
+
+
23
Gab
Cam
MtC
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
–
+
–
+
+
+
–
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
30
+
+
+
–
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
–
–
–
+
+
+
+
+
+
–
+
+
+
28
+
+
+
–
–
–
–
+
+
+
–
+
–
+
+
+
–
+
+
+
–
–
–
+
+
–
+
+
+
–
–
+
+
20
178
Wele Nzas: inselberg de Akoak Ebanga, à 1 h de marche
du village de Ngong Mocomo, à 10 km de Nsork, Parmentier
& Nguema 26 (MA-712468); inselberg de Dumu, près du
village de Dumu, Parmentier & Esono 3611 (MA-712469).
Unknown province: Río Muni: Bebai, Campogebiet, Tessmann 671 (K).
This species is distributed in Cameroon
and Gabon (Koechlin 1964: 103, 1965: 109)
and has also been recorded from Río Muni
(Guinea 1946: 262, sub Trachyphrynium hirsutum).
5.Hypselodelphyspoggeana(K.Schum.)
Milne-Redh.
Trachyphynium poggeanum K. Schum.
Centro Sur: Niefang-Mosumu, Miyobo, Pérez Viso 2555
(MA-690903); P. N. Monte Alén, dalle rocheuse d’Engong, 5
km à l’ouest du village d’Engong, Parmentier & Esono 2720
(MA-712696).
Previously not recorded from Equatorial
Guinea. Hypselodelphys poggeana is widespread in tropical Africa and has frequently been
recorded from Sierra Leone to Angola (Hepper
1968a: 88–89) including the neighbouring Gabon
and Cameroon (Koechlin 1964: 104 and 1965:
110, respectively).
Baker (1898: 320) recorded the specimen Mann 1175, collected in “Fernando Po”
(Bioko) as Trachyprynium poggeanum. We
have revised these vouchers at K and identified them as Trachyphrynium braunianum (K.
Schum.) Baker.
Cabezasetal. • ANN.BOT.FENNICI Vol.42
7.Hypselodelphysviolacea(Ridl.)MilneRedh.
Trachyphrynium violaceum Ridl.
Centro Sur: Ngong, Cabezas 145 (MA-695694). Litoral:
Bata-Niefang, km 23–24, Carvalho 5406 (MA-598316).
Distributed from West tropical Africa to
Congo and Angola (Koechlin 1964: 106, 1965:
112, Hepper 1968a: 88), this species has also
been recorded from Río Muni (Guinea 1946:
262, sub Trachyphrynium violaceum, Parmentier
2001: 915, Parmentier & Nguema 2001: 212,
223, Parmentier et al. 2001: 362).
8.Hypselodelphyszenkeriana(K.Schum.)
Milne-Redh.
Trachyphrynium zenkerianum K. Schum.
Bioko Norte: Malabo-pico Basilé, Carvalho 2189 (K,
MA-706714), 4074 (K, MA-700563).
Previously recorded from Río Muni (Guinea
1946: 155, sub Trachyphrynium zenkerianum),
this species is vouched for the first time from
Bioko.
Distributed from Central and West tropical
Africa, Hypselodelphys zenkeriana has been
recorded from Cameroon and Congo (Koechlin
1965: 110).
MarantaL.
9.MarantaarundinaceaL.
6.HypselodelphysscandensLouis&
Mullend.
Centro Sur: inselberg de Bicurga, près du village Bicurga,
Parmentier 1788 (BRLU); P. N. Monte Alén, dalle rocheuse
de Monte Alén, à 1 h 30 de marche du site ECOFAC de
Monte Alén, Parmentier & Esono 3080, 3084 (BRLU).
Previously not recorded from Equatorial
Guinea. Distributed in West Africa, Hypselodelphys scandens has been recorded from Ivory
Coast to Angola (Koechlin 1964: 107, 1965: 114,
Hepper 1968a: 89).
Bioko Norte: Bonyoma, Lope del Val s.n. (MA-712451).
Centro Sur: P. N. Monte Alén, Engong, Pérez Viso 2664
(MA-687178).
Previously recorded from Annobón (Exell
1973b: 390). Maranta is distributed in humid
areas of tropical America, and comprises about
25 species (Andersson 1998). Maranta arundinacea has been frequently introduced and cultivated throughout the tropical regions of the world
(Koechlin 1964: 113, 1965: 118), and is vouched
for the first time from Equatorial Guinea since
ANN.BOT.FENNICI Vol.42 • MarantaceaeofEquatorialGuinea
Exell (1973b: 390) did not cite any specimen in
his record. This species is introduced in Equatorial Guinea, and is probably naturalized.
MarantochloaBrongn.exGris
10.Marantochloacongensis(K.Schum.)
J.Léonard&Mullend.
Centro Sur: Niefang-Mosumu, Miyobo, Pérez Viso 2567
(MA-706622). Litoral: Eyan Bot, km 12 de la carretera del
puerto a Cogo, Pérez Viso 3556 (MA-706621). Wele Nzas:
inselberg de Mungum, a 45 minutes de marche du village de
Cucumancoc, Parmentier & Esono 3390 (MA-712695).
Previously not recorded from Equatorial Guinea. Marantochloa congensis is widespread in tropical Africa and has frequently been
vouched and recorded throughout this area from
Sierra Leone to Angola and Democratic Republic of Congo (Baker 1898: 317, sub Donax
congensis, Koechlin 1964: 120–122, 1965:
123–126, Hepper 1968a: 83, Dhetchuvi 1996:
376–381).
In addition to the name variety, two further
varieties have been described under M. congensis: var. nitida and var. pubescens, based
on the presence or the lack of pubescence and
coriaceous leaves. The specimens from Equatorial Guinea have always some degree of pubescence, which places them in var. pubescens. This
agrees with the distribution range of the varieties
(Dhetchuvi 1996: 376–381).
11.Marantochloafilipes(Benth.)Hutch.
Clinogyne filipes Benth.
Donax filipes (Benth.) K. Schum.
Bioko: Fernández Casas 11392 (K, MA-712699); Vogel
163 (K). Bioko Norte: Basilé, próximo da povoaçao, Carvalho 2473 (MA-400267); Monte Balea, Guinea 407 (MA223457), Guinea s.n. (K). Bioko Sur: entre Luba y Moca,
por encima de Rilaja, Fernández Casas, Carvalho, Regueiro
& Tellería 10072 (K, MA-712455); Malabo-Luba, km 35,
Guinea 742 (MA-223437), 763 (MA-386526); between
Musola & Concepcion edg, Wrigley & Melville 553 (K).
Centro Sur: cercanías de Alosa, Niefang, Castelo & Juste
s.n. (MA-685878); Monte Chocolate, transecto que está
entre Monduá y el transecto de Aconangui, Cabezas 189
(MA-695787); P. N. Monte Alén, Esamalang, Pérez Viso
179
3290 (MA-685881); P. N. Monte Alén, Nfamam, Pérez Viso
1000 (MA-687174); Misergue-Churu, Pérez Viso 1653 (MA685879); Mosumu, cataratas del río Uoro, Pérez Viso 383
(MA-687179); Monte Alén-Evinayong, Enkumekien, Pérez
Viso 3570 (MA-687165). Litoral: Bata-Sendje, km 17–18,
Carvalho 5628 (MA-598782); Laca, Lope del Val s.n. (MA699502); Sendje, Pérez Viso 1615 (MA-687177), 2939 (MA689872), 3388 (MA-687729), Miboman, km 27 carretera
Bata-Movo, Castelo, Cabeza & Juste (MA-319773). Wele
Nzas: Acurenam-Aconibe, Akok, Pérez Viso 2057 (MA691413); Bimvile, Guinea 154 (MA-687700).
Distributed in West tropical Africa, Marantochloa filipes is vouched for the first time from
Río Muni.
Previously recorded from Bioko (Baker
1898: 316, sub Donax filipes, Hutchinson &
Dalziel 1936: 338, Guinea 1946: 263, sub Clinogyne filipes, Hepper 1968a: 83, Exell 1973b:
390, Dhetchuvi, 1996: 382). This species was
recorded from Río Muni by Parmentier (2001:
916) and Parmentier et al. (2001: 361), but without any precise locality or specific voucher.
12.Marantochloaleucantha(K.Schum.)
Milne-Redh.
Clinogyne leucantha (K. Schum.) K. Schum.
Bioko: Fernández Casas 11439 (K, MA-712705), 11581
(MA-712701). Bioko Sur: between Musola and Concepcion
edg, Wrigley & Melville 554 (K). Centro Sur: P. N. Monte
Alén, Monte Alén, Cabezas 117 (MA-695651); P. N. Monte
Alén, Mosumo, Pérez Viso 625 (MA-687151); P. N. Monte
Alén, Monte Kundum, Senterre & Ngomo 893 (MA-712467).
Wele Nzas: Acurenam-Aconibe, Akok, Pérez Viso 2020 (MA691414); inselberg de Mungum, a 45 minutes de marche du
village de Cucumancoc, Parmentier & Esono 3335 (BRLU).
Widely distributed in tropical Africa (Baker
1898: 317, Koechlin 1964: 125, 1965: 128,
Hepper 1968a: 83, Dhetchuvi 1996: 389–391).
Previously recorded from Bioko (Exell 1973b:
390) and Río Muni (Guinea 1946: 159, sub Clinogyne leucantha). Marantochloa leucantha is
vouched for the first time from Río Muni.
13.Marantochloamannii(Benth.)MilneRedh.
Calathea mannii Benth.
180
Phrynium mannii (Benth.) K. Schum.
Marantochloa mannii var. lasiocolea (K. Schum.)
Koechlin
Bioko: Mann 1173 (K).
Distributed and frequently recorded throughout tropical Africa (Dhetchuvi 1996: 393), this
species has also been reported from Bioko (Baker
1898: 327, sub Calathea mannii, Hutchinson
& Dalziel 1936: 337, sub Phrynium mannii,
Guinea 1946: 263, sub Phrynium mannii, Brenan
1953: 454, Hepper 1968a: 83, Exell 1973b: 390,
Dhetchuvi 1996: 392, sub Marantochloa mannii
var. lasiocolea).
14.MarantochloamildbraediiKoechlin
Centro Sur: P. N. Monte Alén, dalles rocheuses de Monte
Alén, à 1 h 30 de marche du site ECOFAC de Monte Alén,
Parmentier & Esono 3428 (MA-715179).
Previously recorded from the neighbouring
Cameroon, Gabon, Congo and Central African Republic (Koechlin 1964: 130, 1965: 133,
Dhetchuvi 1996: 397), Marantochloa mildbraedii is vouched for the first time from Equatorial
Guinea.
Cabezasetal. • ANN.BOT.FENNICI Vol.42
1964: 116 and 1965: 122, sub M. holostachya,
Hepper 1968a: 83, sub M. holostachya, Dhetchuvi 1996: 371–372). Marantochloa monophylla
has been recorded from Río Muni (Parmentier 2001: 916), but without a precise locality
or a specific voucher. Therefore, this species
is vouched for the first time from Equatorial
Guinea.
16.Marantochloapurpurea(Ridl.)MilneRedh.
Clinogyne arillata K. Schum. ex De Wild. & T.
Durand
Litoral: Bata-Pembe-San Joaquín de Ndyjacon, km
23–24, Carvalho 5248 (MA-598207); Corisco Bay, Mann
1906 (K); Mechenque, Río Benito, Lope de Val 1067
(MA-685877). Wele Nzas: Bimvile, Guinea 92 (MA706619); inselberg de Akoak Ebanga, à 1 h de marche du
village de Ngong Mocomo, à 10 km de Nsork, Parmentier
& Nguema 40 (BRLU); Nkolentangan, Tessmann 255
(K).
Distributed from tropical Africa to Angola
(Dhetchuvi 1996: 385), and previously recorded
from Río Muni (Baker 1898: 316, sub Donax
cuspidata K. Schum., Guinea 1946: 143 and
263, sub Clinogyne arillata).
15.Marantochloamonophylla(K.Schum.)
D’Orey
17.Marantochloaramosissima(Benth.)
Hutch.
Marantochloa holostachya (Baker) Hutch.
Phrynium ramosissimum Benth.
Clinogyne ramosissima (Benth.) K. Schum.
Bioko: Carvalho 3599 (K). Bioko Norte: Malabo-Baney,
km 13–14, Montes de Oca, Carvalho 4455 (K, MA-712707).
Centro Sur: inselberg de Bicurga, près du village de Bicurga,
Parmentier 1619 (BRLU); 1649 (BRLU); 1762 (BRLU);
1814 (BRLU); Parmentier & Esono 3138 (BRLU); 3179
(BRLU); Mosumo, Aedo et al. 5130 (MA-689168); P. N.
Monte Alén, Asok, Pérez Viso 894 (MA-689877); P. N.
Monte Alén, Ayangtang, camino hacia el río Laña, Pérez
Viso 968 (MA-687716); P. N. Monte Alén, dalle rocheuse
d’Engong, 5 km à l’ouest du village d’Engong, Parmentier &
Esono 2994 (BRLU). Litoral: Bata-Mbini, km 24, Carvalho
6344 (MA-620817). Wele Nzas: Eviam, Aconibe-Acurenam,
Pérez Viso 1761bis (MA-712473), 1767 (MA-687150).
Distributed in tropical Africa (Hutchinson &
Dalziel 1936: 338, sub M. holostachya, Koechlin
Bioko: Mann 100 (K), 1174 (K); Vogel 165 (K), 178
(K); near Clarence (Malabo), Barter 1544 (K); MalaboCupapa, cerca de la povoaçao Cupapa, Carvalho 2388 (K,
MA-706717).
This species is distributed in West tropical
Africa, and has been recorded from Ivory Coast
to Cameroon (Dhetchuvi 1996: 394), as well as
from Bioko (Baker 1898: 326, sub Phrynium
ramosissimum, Hutchinson & Dalziel 1936: 338,
Guinea 1946: 263, sub Clinogyne ramosissima,
Hepper 1968a: 85, Exell 1973b: 390, Dhetchuvi
1996: 394).
ANN.BOT.FENNICI Vol.42 • MarantaceaeofEquatorialGuinea
MegaphryniumMilne-Redh.
181
21.Megaphryniumvelutinum(Baker)
Koechlin
18.MegaphryniumdistansHepper
Centro Sur: inselberg de Bicurga, près du village de Bicurga,
Parmentier & Esono 3234 (BRLU); P. N. Monte Alén,
Ayangtang, camino hacia el río Laña, Pérez Viso 964 (MA690904). Litoral: Bata-Bicomo, río Ecucu, km 22, Carvalho
4983 (MA-598914); Bata-Pembe-San Joaquín de Ndyjacon,
km 20–21, Carvalho 5259 (MA-598008). Wele Nzas: Akok,
carretera Acurenam-Aconibe, Pérez Viso 2015 (MA-690946);
Oveng Esandong, carretera Nkue-Mongomo, km 61, Pérez
Viso 3077 (MA-690938).
Distributed in West tropical Africa (Hepper
1968b: 461), M. distans is vouched for the first
time from Equatorial Guinea.
19.Megaphryniummacrostachyum
(Benth.)Milne-Redh.
Sarcophrynium oxycarpum (K. Schum.) K.
Schum.
Sarcophrynium macrostachyum (Benth.) K.
Schum.
Litoral: Bata-Sendje, km 25–26, Carvalho 5257 (MA598006).
Distributed in tropical Africa (Koechlin
1964: 157, 1965: 156, Hepper 1968a: 87), M.
macrostachym has also been recorded from Río
Muni (Guinea 1946: 157, sub Sarcophrynium
macrostachyum and sub Sarcophrynium oxycarpum, Hepper 1968a: 87, Parmentier 2001: 915).
20.MegaphryniumtrichogynumKoechlin
Centro Sur: Niefang, explotación forestal de Matroguisa,
Pérez Viso 2257 (MA-712472); P. N. Monte Alén, Mosumu,
Pérez Viso 642 (MA-687171); P. N. Monte Alén, Monte
Alén, subida al mirador, Cabezas 121 (MA-695654). Kie
Ntem: Ebon-Oyac, Ebebiyin, Pérez Viso 4309 (MA-687172).
Wele Nzas: Oveng Esandong, carretera Nkue-Mongomo, km
61, Pérez Viso 3079 (MA-690939), 3083 (MA-690942).
Distributed in Central Africa (Koechlin 1964:
154, 1965: 155), Megaphrynium trichogynum
is vouched for the first time from Equatorial
Guinea.
Sarcophrynium velutinum (Baker) K. Schum.
Centro Sur: inselberg de Bicurga, près du village
Bicurga, Parmentier 1642 (BRLU); Monte Alén, subida al
mirador, Cabezas 125 (MA-695658); Ncum Esong Oyen,
Cabezas 102 (MA-695681); Nfing Ntagan, carretera Niefang-Bata, a continuación de Mosumu, Pérez Viso 2745
(MA-702651); P. N. Monte Alén, Misergue-Churu, Pérez
Viso 1664 (MA-690905); P. N. Monte Alén, Moka-Bong,
Monte Alén, Pérez Viso 172 (MA-690906). Litoral: BataMonson-Dibolo, estrada km 52–53, Carvalho 4825 (MA597747). Kie Ntem: Ebon-Oyac, Ebebiyin, Pérez Viso 4307
(MA-687173). Wele Nzas: Akok: carretera AcurenamAconibe, Pérez Viso 2054 (MA-690943); entre Nsuameyong
e inselberg Akuom, Obama & Lejoly 441 (BRLU); Oveng
Esandong, km 61 carretera Nkue-Mongomo, Pérez Viso
3082 (MA-690941).
Distributed in Ivory Coast and Cameroon
(Koechlin 1964: 158), M. velutinum has also
been recorded from Río Muni (Guinea 1946: 216
g and 262 sub Sarcophrynium velutinum).
SarcophryniumK.Schum.
22.Sarcophryniumbrachystachyum
(Körn.)K.Schum.
Phrynium brachystachyum Körn.
Bioko: Fernández Casas 11293 (MA-712700). Bioko
Norte: Monte Balea, Guinea 408 (MA-223455); MalaboCupapa, km 15, Montes de Oca, entrada para o pico Basilé,
Carvalho 3922 (K, MA-700565), 4126 (MA-700564).
Centro Sur: Monte Alén, subida al mirador, Velayos &
Pérez Viso 9299 (MA-702095); Nfing Ntagan, carretera
forestal Niefang-Bata, a continuación de Mosumu, Pérez
Viso 2750 (MA-685887); P. N. Monte Alén, Asok, senda
que va hacia el río Laña, Pérez Viso 897 (MA-689878); P.
N. Monte Alén, dalle rocheuse d’Engong, 5 km à l’ouest
du village d’Engong, Parmentier & Esono 2782 (BRLU);
P. N. Monte Alén, Enkumekien, Velayos & Pérez Viso 9340
(MA-685884); P. N. Monte Alén, Esamalang, Pérez Viso
1179 (MA-687157), Pérez Viso 3272 (MA-702652); P. N.
Monte Alén, Moka-Bong, Monte Alén, Pérez Viso 733 (MA687720); P. N. Monte Alén, Moka, subida al monte Alén,
por el camino que va a Bong, Pérez Viso 821 (MA-689859),
822 (MA-689858). Wele Nzas: inselberg d’Asoc, a côté de la
route près du village d’Asoc, à 15 km de Mongomo, Parmentier & Esono 3775 (BRLU); Mbut, km 30 de la carretera de
Encue, Pérez Viso 3683 (MA-687164).
182
Distributed from West tropical to Central
Africa (Koechlin 1964: 146, 1965: 148, Hepper
1968a: 87), Sarcophrynium brachystachyum
has been recorded from Ivory Coast to Congo.
Although this species has also been reported from
Bioko (Guinea 1946: 262, sub Phrynium brachystachyum, Exell 1973b: 390) and Río Muni (Corisco Island) (Baker 1898: 322, sub P. brachystachyum), S. brachystachyum is vouched for the
first time from Río Muni continental mainland.
23.Sarcophryniumschweinfurthianum
(Kuntze)Milne-Redh.
Clinogyne schweinfurthiana (Kuntze) K. Schum.
Sarcophrynium baccatum (K. Schum.) K.
Schum.
Bioko Sur: Malabo-Moca, granja agrícola de Musola,
Carvalho 2724 (MA-400269). Centro Sur: Monte BataRío Campo, antigua trocha forestal, Pérez Viso 2454 (MA689862); Ngong, Cabezas 155 (MA-695689); P. N. Monte
Alén, carretera que sube desde el hotel de Monte Alén hasta
el repetidor de televisión, Pérez Viso 87 (MA-685883). Wele
Nzas: inselberg Dumu, près du village Dumu, Parmentier &
Esono 3650 (BRLU); Mbut, km 30 de la carretera de Nkue,
Pérez Viso 3685 (MA-687156); Mofú, cerca de Oven, Pérez
Viso 2120 (MA-690399); inselberg de Mungum, a 45 minutes
de marche du village de Cucumancoc, Parmentier & Esono
3408 (BRLU); Nkue-Mongomo, km 61, Oveng Esandong,
Pérez Viso 3081 (MA-690940); Temelon, Añisok, Pérez Viso
4145 (MA-690944).
This species is distributed in tropical Africa
(Guinea 1946: 263, Koechlin 1964: 150, 1965,
151). Although this species has been previously
recorded from Río Muni (Guinea 1946: 143, sub
Sarcophrynium baccatum and 263, sub Clinogyne schweinfurthiana, Parmentier 2001: 916),
Sarcophrynium schweinfurthianum is vouched
for the first time from Bioko.
ThaliaL.
24.ThaliageniculataL.
Thalia caerulea Ridl.
Thalia welwitschii Ridl.
This species has been recorded from Río
Cabezasetal. • ANN.BOT.FENNICI Vol.42
Muni, province Centro Sur (Evinayong, Aconibe
(con paso por el Mafanebú) y Nsoc, más el ramal
de Acurenam, recorrido triangular) by Guinea
(1946: 143, sub Thalia caerulea). We found no
herbarium material of T. geniculata from Equatorial Guinea in BM, BRLU, K and MA. It is
widespread in tropical Africa (Andersson 1998:
278) and has frequently been recorded from this
area (Baker 1898: 313, Hutchinson & Dalziel
1936: 338, Koechlin 1964: 140, sub Thalia welwitschii, 1965: 143, sub T. welwitschii, Hepper
1968a: 85, sub T. welwitschii, Vanden Berghen
1988: 447). The distribution range of the species
suggests it may occur in Equatorial Guinea.
ThaumatococcusBenth.
25.Thaumatococcusdanielli(Benn.)Benth.
Bioko Sur: Malabo-Moca, servicio agronómico de Musola,
Carvalho 2729 (K, MA-706715), Guinea 1198 (MA386511).
Distributed in West tropical and Central
Africa (Koechlin 1964: 142, 1965: 144–145,
Hepper 1968a: 81–82), this species has also been
recorded from Bioko (Guinea 1946: 262, Exell
1973b: 390) and Río Muni (Guinea 1946: 157,
262).
TrachyphryniumBenth.
26.Trachyphryniumbraunianum(K.
Schum.)Baker
Hybophrynium braunianum K. Schum.
Bioko: Fernández Casas 11560 (MA-712703), 11686
(MA-712698), 12038 (K, MA-712702), 12079 (K, MA712704), Mann 1175 (K). Bioko Norte: Malabo-Punta Hermosa, km 9–10, Carvalho 4410 (K, MA-702668). Bioko Sur:
Luba-Malabo, km 6, Carvalho 2853 (MA-702669); MalaboLuba, praia Manuel Rodrigues, Carvalho 2341 (K, MA702653); Boloco de San Carlos (Luba), Guinea 861 (MA223449), Guinea 862 (MA-386510). Centro Sur: Abang,
Niefang, Pérez Viso 4235 (MA-702654); Niefang, Pérez Viso
2300 (MA-685886), 2292 (MA-690406); P. N. Monte Alén,
dalles rocheuses de Monte Alén, à 1 h 30 de marche du site
ECOFAC de Monte Alén, Parmentier & Esono 3415 (MA712694). Litoral: Corisco Bay, Mann 1909 (K).
ANN.BOT.FENNICI Vol.42 • MarantaceaeofEquatorialGuinea
Distributed from tropical Africa to Sudan
(Baker 1898: 319, Koechlin 1964: 100, 106,
Hepper 1968a: 89), Trachyphrynium braunianum
has also been recorded from Bioko (Baker 1898:
319 and 320, sub Trachyphrynium poggeanum K.
Schum., Guinea 1968: 130, sub Hybophrynium
braunianum, Hepper 1968a: 89, Exell 1973b:
390) and from Río Muni (Guinea 1946: 157, sub
H. braunianum).
Doubtfulanderroneousrecords
Marantochloacuspidata(Roscoe)MilneRedh.
Donax cuspidata (Roscoe) K. Schum.
Clinogyne flexuosa (Benth.) K. Schum.
Marantochloa flexuosa (Benth.) Hutch.
This species has been recorded from Bioko
(Hutchinson & Dalziel 1936: 338, sub Marantochloa flexuosa, Guinea 1946: 263, sub Clinogyne flexuosa, Exell 1973: 390), from Río
Muni in Corisco Island (Baker 1898: 316,
sub Donax cuspidata) and from the mainland
(Guinea 1946: 263 sub C. flexuosa). The sheets
Mann 1906 at K, on which Baker’s record was
based, were identified by us as Marantochloa
purpurea because their seeds had a laciniate
aril, and they have a ramified inflorescence and
pubescent internodes (Koechlin 1964: 118–119,
1965: 122–123, Dhetchuvi 1996: 370–371). We
have not found any other vouchers supporting
any of the other records in BM, BRLU, K and
MA.
Although Koechlin included this species in
Flore du Gabon and Flore du Cameroun, he did
not cite any vouchers from those countries, and
only mentioned the presence of Marantochloa
cuspidata as “possible” in both of them. According to Dhetchuvi (1996: 394–396) this species
is distributed in Senegal, Sierra Leone, Liberia,
Ivory Coast and Ghana.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the staff of the herbaria of BM, BRLU, K
and MA for their help and collaboration. Jill Mardsen and
183
Lulu Rico (K), Roy Vickery (BM) and Jean Lejoly, Ingrid
Parmentier and Bruno Senterre (BRLU) always facilitated
the loan of specimens. We are indebted to the two anonymous referees for constructive comments on the manuscript.
This work was financed by the Spanish Dirección General de
Investigación Científica y Técnica (DGICYT) through the
research project REN2002-011299.
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Speciesareindicatedbyanumberinparenthesescorrespondingtothenumberin
thechecklist.
Aedo et al. 5130 (15). Barter 1544 (17). Cabezas 102 (21); 117 (12); 121 (20); 125 (21); 145 (7); 155 (23); 189 (11). Carvalho
2189 (8); 2189 (8); 2341 (26); 2341 (26); 2388 (17); 2388 (17); 2473 (11); 2724 (23); 2729 (25); 2729 (25); 2853 (26); 3238
(1); 3599 (15); 3922 (22); 3922 (22); 4074 (8); 4074 (8); 4126 (22); 4410 (26); 4410 (26); 4455 (15); 4455 (15); 4825 (21);
4884 (3); 4983 (18); 5248 (16); 5257 (19); 5259 (18); 5400 (3); 5406 (7); 5628 (11); 6344 (15). Fernández Casas 10072 (11);
11293 (22); 11392 (11); 11439 (12); 11560 (26); 11581 (12); 11594 (1); 11686 (26); 12038 (26); 12079 (26). Fernández Casas,
Carvalho, Regueiro & Tellería 10072 (11). Guinea 92 (16); 154 (11); 407 (11); 408 (22); 742 (11); 763 (11); 861 (26); 862
(26); 1198 (25); 1208 (1). Guinea & Lope del Val 73 (2); 74 (2). Mann 100 (17); 1173 (13); 1174 (17); 1175 (26); 1906 (16);
1909 (26). Obama & Lejoly 441 (21). Parmentier 1619 (15); 1642 (21); 1649 (15); 1762 (15); 1781bis (3); 1788 (6); 1814 (15).
Parmentier & Esono 2720 (5); 2782 (22); 2994 (15); 3080 (6); 3084 (6); 3138 (15); 3179 (15); 3234 (18); 3234 (18); 3335
(12); 3390 (10); 3408 (23); 3415 (26); 3428 (14); 3611 (4); 3650 (23); 3775 (22). Parmentier & Nguema 26 (4); 40 (16). Pérez
Viso 87 (23); 172 (21); 334 (3); 383 (11); 513 (3); 625 (12); 642 (20); 733 (22); 782 (1); 821 (22); 822 (22); 894 (15); 897 (22);
964 (18); 968 (15); 1000 (11); 1129 (3); 1179 (22); 1521 (3); 1546 (1); 1615 (11); 1653 (11); 1664 (21); 1703 (3); 1761bis (15);
1767 (15); 1905 (1); 2015 (18); 2020 (12); 2045 (3); 2054 (21); 2055 (3); 2057 (10); 2079 (2); 2120 (23); 2257 (20); 2292
(26); 2300 (26); 2454 (23); 2555 (5); 2664 (9); 2567 (10); 2745 (21); 2750 (22); 2937 (1); 2939 (11); 3007 (3); 3077 (18); 3079
(20); 3081 (23); 3082 (21); 3083 (20); 3272 (22); 3290 (11); 3388 (11); 3425 (3); 3556 (10); 3570 (11); 3595 (3); 3683 (22);
3685 (23); 4088 (1); 4145 (23); 4235 (26); 4307 (21); 4309 (20). Sabater & Sandford 6051 (2). Senterre & Ngomo 893 (12).
Tessmann 60 (3); 179 (2); 255 (16); 671 (4); 684 (3). Velayos 9299 (22); 9340 (22). Vogel 163 (11); 165 (17); 178 (17). Wrigley
553 (11). Wrigley & Melville 554 (12).
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