CON T EN T S PLEN ARY LECT URES PL-41 DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF OBESITY ASSOCIATED WITH ADENOVIRUS 36 INFECTION 1 Richard L. Atkinson PL-76 THE TUMOUR SUPPRESSOR P53: FROM STRUCTURE TO DRUG DISCOVERY 2 Sir Alan Fersht PL-2 ADVANCES IN THE CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF SYNTHETIC THYMOSINS IN TREATING LIFE-THREATENING DISEASES 3 Allan L. Goldstein PL-1 HYPOLIPIDEMIC DRUGS: LOOKING FROM THE PAST TO THE FUTURE 4 Antonio M. Gotto, Jr. PL-77 IN SEARCH OF THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER 4 Paul Greengard PL-40 iPS CELL TECHNOLOGY AND DISEASE RESEARCH: ISSUES TO BE RESOLVED 5 Rudolf Jaenisch PL-113 CLICK CHEMISTRY TODAY 5 Karl Barry Sharpless PL-114 ROLE OF HUMORAL AND CELLULAR IMMUNITY IN MTB INFECTION 6 Edmond J. Yunis K EY N OT E LECT U RES KNL-44 CROSS-TALK & DEVELOPMENTAL PROGRAMS – A KEY TO TRANSLATIONAL STEM CELL BIOLOGY Evan Y. Snyder 7 I N V I T ED LECT URES IL-102 SPECIFIC KNOCKDOWN OF TRANSITORY PROTEINS MEDIATED BY ER TARGETED INTRACELLULAR ANTIBODIES 8 Thomas Böldicke IL-132 TREATMENT WITH MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS (MSC) OF LESIONS INDUCED BY ACCIDENTAL IRRADIATION AND RADIOTHERAPY 8 Alain Chapel IL-127 SYNERGISM OF THE LIFE SCIENTIST AND CHEMICAL ENGINEER: THE SALT AND PEPPER IN BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 10 Kim G. Clarke IL-99 NEW PHARMACOPHORES FROM BIOTRANSFORMATION TECHNIQUES EXISTING DRUGS BY EMPLOYING 10 M. Iqbal Choudhary and Atta-ur-Rahman IL-43 BIOMARKER OF OBESITY LINKING ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE 11 Sisir K. Dutta, Somiranjan Ghosh, Kareem Washington, Tomas Trnovec, and Lubica Palkovicova IL-4 NK-IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS 12 A.M. Laureano, J. Humphries, A. Singh, C. Denman, S. Somanchi, D.A. Lee, L. Silla, L. Cooper, and V. Gopalakrishnan IL-91 MODIFIED SOPHOROLIPIDS PROVIDE AN EXCITING PLATFORM FOR NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IN A WIDE RANGE OF APPLICATIONS 12 Richard A. Gross IL-115 NOVEL CELLULASE PREPARATIONS FOR HIGHLY-EFFICIENT SACCHARIFICATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS 13 Alexander V. Gusakov IL-78 UTILIZING PLANT PRODUCED ENZYMES FOR BIOMASS CONVERSION 14 Elizabeth E. Hood and John A. Howard IL-3 GMOS IN EUROPE 15 Jan Káš IL-14 A NOVEL SECONDARY METABOLISM GENE PREDICTION METHOD TOWARD COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF FUNGAL GENOMES Masayuki Machida, I. Takeda, M. Umemura, H. Koike, H. Hagiwara, Y. Miyamura, T. Kumagai, G. Terai and K. Asai 16 IL-101 EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA OIL ON EXPERIMENTAL TOXOPLASMOSIS 16 Rasha F. Mady and Wessam El-Hadidi IL-60 THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY IN MITIGATING THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS 17 Ravi Naidu IL-13 OUTLIER STATISTICS TO IDENTIFY PATHWAY DEREGULATION AND TARGETS IN CANCER 18 Michael Ochs IL-12 PLANT AND MICROALGAE BIOMASS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOFUELS AND RESTORATION OF POLLUTED ENVIRONMENTS WITHIN A BIOREFINERY 18 Eugenia J. Olguín IL-42 THE ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA AND ARABIDOPSIS HALLERI MHX TRANSPORTERS – POTENTIAL ROLE IN METAL HOMEOSTASIS AND LESSONS FROM THE REGULATION OF THEIR EXPRESSION 19 Orit Shaul IL-5 BIO-INSPIRED NANO-COMPOSITES FOR TISSUE REGENERATION 19 Anna Tampieri, Monica Sandri, Simone Sprio, Silvia Panseri SESSI ON LECT URES SL-86 NOVEL BIOSYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES 21 Faiez Alani, Thomas Mahood, William Anderson and Murray Moo-Young SL-106 IMPROVING SUGARCANE AS BIOFUEL FEEDSTOCK BY GENETIC ENGINEERING 21 Je Hyeong Jung, Jae Yoon Kim, Walid Fouad, Maria Gallo, Wilfred Vermerris, James Preston and Fredy Altpeter SL-39 KINETICS OF FERROUS-IRON BIOOXIDATION BY ACIDITHIOBACILLUS SPECIES AT 7, 8 AND 9 DEGREES CELCIUS IN A BATCH REACTOR 22 Elizabeth Funmilayo Aransiola, Mewa Ngongang M and Tunde Victor Ojumu SL-58 CHALLENGES TO IDENTIFICATION AND APPLICATION OF GENOMIC DATA FOR INDIVIDUALIZED TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC CANCER Robert J. Arceci 22 SL-85 CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM IN THE CROSSHAIR OF CANCER BIOLOGIST 23 Anna Sukhanova,AndreyGorin, Ilya G. Serebriiskii, Linara Gabitova, Hui Zheng, Diana Restifo, Brian L. Egleston, David Cunningham, Tetyana Bagnyukova, Hanqing Liu, Anna Nikonova, Gregory P. Adams, Yan Zhou, Dong-Hua Yang, Ranee Mehra, Barbara Burtness, Kathy Q. Cai, Andres Klein-Szanto, Lisa E. Kratz, Richard I. Kelley, Louis M. Weiner, Gail E. Herman, Erica A. Golemis and Igor Astsaturov SL-36 SEAWEEDS HELP IN IMPROVING THE BIOENERGETICS SYSTEM OF PLANTS UNDER METAL STRESS ENVIRONMENT 24 Rafia Azmat SL-35 BEST NATURAL COMBINATION OF BIOMASS-DEGRADING PROTEINS DETERMINED FROM SUPER-PROTEOME ANALYSIS OF CLOSTRIDIUM CELLULOVORANS 24 Jungu Bae, Kazuma Matsui, Hironobu Morisaka, Kouichi Kuroda and Mitsuyoshi Ueda SL-149 SYNERGISTIC ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY BETWEEN AQUEOUS GARLIC EXTRACT (ALLIUM SATIVUM) AND SOME ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST SOME ISOLATED ANTIBIOTIC MULTI-RESISTANT SALMONELLA SEROVARS 25 Hatem Youssef Belguith SL-123 EMERGING CONCEPTS IN THE MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF LOCAL RADIATION INJURY 25 M. Benderitter, R. Tamarat, C. Linard, J.J. Lataillade and E. Bey SL-117 STEM CELL THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF SEVERE TISSUE DAMAGE AFTER RADIATION EXPOSURE 26 M. Benderitter, A. Semont, N. Mathieu, C. Linard, A. Chapel, J.J. Lataillade, J. Voswinkel and N.C. Gorin SL-63 ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND CULTIVATION OF A POTENTIALLY NOVEL SALT AND HEAT TOLERANT CYANOBACTERIUMIN SUBITEC´S FLAT PANEL AIRLIFT (FPA) PHOTOBIOREACTORFOCUSING ON PROCESS ECOLOGY AND ECONOMY 27 Peter Bergmann, Peter Ripplinger and Walter Trösch SL-29 PLANT XYLOGLUCAN ENDOTRANSGLYCOSYLASES: DIVERSITY, CATALYTIC PROPERTIES, AND PROMISING APPLICATIONS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE 27 Alex Berlin, Jason Quinlan, and Romil Benyamino SL-37 NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN INDIA 28 Surya Prakash Bhatt, Anoop Misra and Randeep Guleria SL-55 CGH-INTERACTOME-TRANSCRIPTOME INTEGRATION TO DETECT DRIVER GENES IN CANCEROLOGY Ghislain Bidaut 28 SL-31 STABLE 13C ISOTOPE ENRICHED METABOLOME (ISOTOPOLOME) WIDE ASSOCIATIONS (IWAS) IMPROVE SYSTEM WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES (SWAS) FOR PHENOTYPE AND DRUG RESEARCH 29 László G. Boros, Natalie J. Serkova, Keith R. Laderoute, W. Marston Linehan and Emmanuelle J. Meuillet SL-148 SHORTENING THE BIOPROCESS DEVELOPMENT TIME USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-BASED STRATEGIES 30 Gueguim Kana Evariste Bosco SL-51 EFFECT OF NUTRIENTS AND CULTURE CONDITIONS ON MICROALGAL GROWTH AND BIOMASS COMPOSITION 30 Tomáš Brányik, Gita Procházková, Irena Brányiková and Vilém Zachleder SL-118 DANCING WITH ELEPHANTS: FROM BIOTECH START-UP TO PRODUCTION STARTUP AT AMYRIS 31 Joel R. Cherry SL-33 ALGAL FUELS: STATUS OF TECHNOLOGY AND BOTTLENECKS TO COMMERCIALIZATION 31 Yusuf Chisti SL-89 LOOKING BEYOND GREEN CHEMISTRY: AN INTEGRATIVE PROGRAM FOR BIOMONITORING OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS CYCLING IN THE ENVIRONMENT 32 Maximiliano Cledón SL-126 BACTERIAL EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES AND THEIR POTENTIAL TO CARTILAGE REGENERATION 32 S. Colliec-Jouault, C. Merceron, E. Rederstorff, J. Ratiskol, C. Sinquin, J. Guicheux and P. Weiss SL-52 ELECTROPORATION-MEDIATED CHEMO-GENE THERAPY IN CANINE CANCER PATIENT 33 Jeffry Cutrera, Xueqing Xia, Glenn King, Pamela Jones, Kristin Kicenuik, and Shulin Li SL-88 STUDY OF HISTONE METHYL TRANSFERASE G9A INHIBITION IN ATRT AND MEDULLOBLASTOMA 34 V. Datar, S. Bochare, S. Khatua, J. Fangusaro, S. Goldman, R. Lulla, V. Rajaram and V. Gopalakrishnan SL-120 HOW TO MEET THE CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF CELL-BASED MEDICINAL PRODUCTS 35 Gisèle Deblandre SL-150 NEW COSMETIC MATRIX BY USING A HIGH-FREQUENCY ULTRASOUND Messaouda Kaci, Elmira Arab-Tehrany, G. Gillet, I. Desjardins Lavisse, Stephane Antoine Desobry 35 SL-147 ENZYME IMMOBILIZED POLYCAPROLACTAM AS A BIOMATERIAL 36 Veluchamy Prabhawathi, Ponnurengam Malliappan Sivakumar, Thulasinathan Boobalan, Mukesh Doble SL-140 A MOUSE MODEL TO IDENTIFY COOPERATING SIGNALING PATHWAYS IN CANCER 36 M. Musteanu, L. Blaas, R. Zenz, J. Svinka, T. Hoffmann, B. Grabner, D. Schramek, H.P. Kantner, M. Müller, T. Kolbe, T. Rülicke, R. Moriggl, L. Kenner, D. Stoiber, J.M. Penninger, H. Popper, E. Casanova, R. Eferl SL-121 DYADIC'S C1 ENZYME TECHNOLOGY UPDATE, ON THE ROAD TO CELLULOSIC SUGARS FOR FUELS AND CHEMICALS 37 Mark Emalfarb SL-75 LINAC RADIOSURGERY FOR BRAIN ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS - SINGLE INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE FROM SAUDI ARABIA 37 Muhammad Mohsin Fareed SL-80 APPLICATION OF NANOFERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS IN DEPRESSING OF LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS IN BLOOD 38 Pang Xiao Feng and Zhao Qiang SL-65 PREPARATION OF NANO-ZrO2 / HA COATING ON SURFACE OF TITANIUM MATERIALS IN DENTAL-IMPLANT AND ITS FEATURES 39 Pang Xiao Feng and Zhao Qiang SL-56 NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS FOR BONE AND CARTILAGE REGENERATION: CLINICAL APPLICATION- 39 E. Kon, G. Filardo, S. Patella, A. Di Martino, B. Di Matte, F. Perdisa, L. Merli, M. Marcacci SL-19 A SYSTEMS-BIOLOGY APPROACH TO HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE 40 Ernest Fraenkel SL-18 GM BARLEY WITH MODULATED CYTOKININ LEVEL: AIMING AT IMPROVED YIELD AND STRESS TOLERANCE 41 Ivo Frébort SL-25 SAMPLE PREP CHALLENGES FOR DIAGNOSTIC RNAseq 41 Ute Geigenmüller, Joel Skoletsky, Cindy Proulx, Matthew Woods, Doris Damian, Marie Causey and Stanley Letovsky SL-61 EMBEDDING BIOLOGICAL MECHANISM IN STATISTICAL LEARNING 42 Donald Geman SL-73 MULTI-PRONGED APPROACH TO DRUG REPURPOSING IN GIST Ziyan Pessetto, Michael Ochs, Bin Chen, Yan Ma, Lori Rink, Atul J. Butte, Scott Weir and Andrew K. Godwin 42 SL-95 DERIVATION OF HUMAN BROWN ADIPOCYTES THROUGH REPROGRAMMING 43 Dawei Gong SL-49 TH E MI C R O E NVI R O NME NT P L A Y S A N IMP O R TA NT R O L E I N THE A B I L I TY O F AEROSOL GEMC ITA B INE A ND L IP O SO MA L 9 - NITRO CAMP TO THECIN TO ELICIT THERAPEUTIC EFFECT ON OSTEOSARCOMA LUNG METASTASES 44 Nancy Gordon, Mario Hollomon, Hsuan-Chu Chien, Janice Santiago O’farril and Eugenie S. Kleinerman SL-34 SKIN2TEX: NOVEL BIOTECHNOLOGICAL STRATEGIES TO DEVELOP NON-TOXIC ANTIMICROBIAL TEXTILE-BASED-MATERIALS FOR HEALTHCARE APPLICATIONS 44 E. Piskin and I. Gouveia SL-23 PERSPECTIVES OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY WITH PURPLE BACTERIA DRIVEN BY SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 45 Hartmut Grammel, Steffen Klamt and Robin Ghosh SL-108 ENHANCED IMMUNE REACTIVITIES AGAINST CANCER: OPTIMIZED MONO- AND BISPECIFIC ANTIBODES FOR THE TREATMENT OF AML 46 Ludger Grosse-Hovest SL-125 PROTECTION OF PANCREATIC ANTIOXIDANTS AND HEPATIC ENZYMES STATUS BY PTEROSTILBENE IN STREPTOZOTOCIN DIABETIC RATS 46 Rajnish Gupta, RS Gupta, Deepika Pareek and MP Dobhal SL-94 TRANSGENIC PRODUCTION OF BRANCHED CHAIN FATTY ACIDS 47 Carol Hartley, Isaac Ugwumba and Roslyn Mourant SL-10 MODULATION THERAPY OF A NOVEL DEUBIQUITYLASE FOR MEDULLOBLASTOMA 47 R.J. Hatcher, C.M. Das, V. Datar, P. Taylor, A. Singh, D. Lee, G. Fuller, L. Ji, J. Fangursaro, V. Rajaram, S. Goldman, C. Eberhart and V. Gopalakrishnan SL-145 FROM BIOREFINERY TO PERFORMANCE RENEWABLES INTO HIGH VALUE PRODUCTS TECHNOLOGY: TRANSFORMING 48 QUANTITATION OF ALGAL CELL GROWTH AND NEUTRAL LIPID PRODUCTION IN MICROPLATES 48 Kathleen O’Leary Havelka SL-15 Paul Held SL-122 CYTOTOXIC FEATURES OF HUMAN ANTIGENASES (CATALYTIC ANTIBODY LIGHT CHAINS) AGAINST SOME CANCER CELLS Emi Hifumi, Sari Sonoda and Taizo Uda 49 SL-98 RAPID IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL IMMUNODOMINANT PROTEINS AND SUBSEQUENT CHARACTERIZATION OF LINEAR EPITOPES OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA 49 Sebastian Hoppe, Frank F. Bier and Markus V. Nickisch-Rosenegk SL-111 A VACCINE DEVELOPMENT PIPELINE: USING PHAGE DISPLAY FOR IDENTIFICATION OF IMMUNOGENIC PROTEINS AND GENERATION OF HUMAN ANTIBODIES FOR DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPY 50 Michael Hust SL-105 LIGAND DISCOVERY FOR MOSQUITO ODORANT RECEPTORS USING AN INSECT CELL-BASED SCREENING PLATFORM IN CONJUNCTION WITH A Ca2+PHOTOPROTEIN REPORTER ASSAY 50 Kostas Iatrou SL-38 METABOLICALLY ENGINEERED YEAST INCREASED ISOBUTANOL PRODUCTION FOR 51 NEW APPROACHES FOR THE LOCAL PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF FRAGILIZED OSSEOUS SITES USING DOPED-CALCIUM PHOSPHATE CEMENTS 51 SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE Jun Ishii, Fumio Matsuda and Akihiko Kondo SL-8 C. Mellier, E. Verron, V. Schnitzler, F. Fayon, P. Deniard, N. Rochet, O. Gauthier, J.-M. Bouler, B. Bujoli and P. Janvier SL-84 ENZYME BIOTECHNOLOGY – AN INDUSTRIAL PERSPECTIVE OF BUCKMAN’S SUCCESSFUL APPLICATION OF ENZYMES IN THE PULP AND PAPER MARKET 52 Percy Jaquess, Philip Hoekstra and Bernard Janse SL-24 REDIRECTING PHOTOSYNTHETIC REDUCING POWER TOWARDS BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCT SYNTHESIS 53 Agnieszka Zygadlo Nielsen, Bibi Emilie FriisZiersen, Kenneth Jensen, Lærke Münter Lassen, Thiyagarajan Gnanasekaran, Carl Erik Olsen, Birger Lindberg Møller and Poul Erik Jensen SL-81 TOWARDS UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF CELLULOSE FIBRIL PROPERTIES ON PRODUCTIVE ENGAGEMENT OF CELLULASES 54 Tina Jeoh SL-103 MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION OF INDIGENOUS YEAST STRAINS USED IN AMYLOLYTIC STARTERS IN ARUNACHAL PRADESH, NORTHEAST INDIA USING RAPD-PCR 54 Shrivastava Karuna and S. S. Sandhu SL-16 INFERRING THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF GR 103691 AS FOAM CELL INHIBITOR FROM TIME SERIES EXPRESSION DATA Stefan Kirov 55 SL-48 HEAVY METALS IN ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI: TOWARDS IDENTIFYING GENES UNDERLYING METAL (HYPER)ACCUMULATION PHENOTYPES IN AMANITA, RUSSULA AND HEBELOMA SPECIES 55 Pavel Kotrba, Michaela Matěnová, Jan Sácký, Kateřina Hložková, Tereza Leonhardt, Milan Gryndler and Jan Borovička SL-45 ARE MICROALGAL CULTURE TECHNOLOGIES READY FOR LARGE-SCALE MANUFACTURING OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS? 56 Karin Kovar, Sandra Ličková, Silas Hauser, Ganna Aleshcheva, Matthias Zuppiger, Jack Rohrer, Gunther Steinfeld and Pavel Pribyl SL-30 A COMPLEX BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR REHABILITATION OF OIL-CONTAMINATED ECOSYSTEMS UNDER TEMPERATE AND COLD CLIMATE CONDITIONS 57 Anastasiia Krivoruchko, Maria Kuyukina, Marina Serebrennikova, Tatyana Peshkur, Colin Cunningham and Irena Ivshina SL-57 NOVEL MATERIALS FOR AIRBORNE VIRUS FILTRATION 57 Laurent Lebrun, M. Catel-Ferreira, G. Tiliket and C. Héllio SL-90 PHYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF CAROTENOIDS IN SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF THE OIL PALM (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS JACQ.) FRONDS 58 Cynthia Kotey and Keat Teong Lee SL-22 SOFTWARE VALIDATION OF AN RNA-Seq PIPELINE 58 Stan Letovsky SL-71 A COMPARISON OF DHLPC AND PCR-SSCP FOR DETECTING PGR GENE VARIATION IN TIBETAN SHEEP 59 Shaobin Li, Xiu Liu , Mingming Zhang, YuZhu Luo, Jiang Hu and Jiqing Wang SL-11 STEM CELL BASED STRATEGIES FOR RESTORING COGNITIVE HEALTH IN CANCER SURVIVORS 59 Charles Limoli SL-26 EXTRACTIVE BIOCONVERSION OF CYCLODEXTRINS BY BACILLUS CEREUS CYCLODEXTRIN GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE USING AQUEOUS TWO-PHASE SYSTEM 60 Tau Chuan Ling and Hui Suan NG SL-69 MODULATIONS OF ELICITINS ACTIVITY BY CHANGES IN PROTEINS SURFACE CHARGE 60 Jan Lochman, Michal Obořil, Jitka Klempová, Nikola Ptáčková, Zbyněk Zdráhal and Tomáš Kašparovský SL-46 MicroRNAs AS BIOMARKERS IN PEDIATRIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORS Rishi R. Lulla 61 SL-64 PLATFORM FOR PERSONALIZED ONCOLOGY: NOVEL APPROACHES FOR DATA INTEGRATION REVEAL MOLECULAR SIGNATURES ASSOCIATED WITH COLORECTAL CANCER RELAPSE 61 Subha Madhavan SL-146 BIOSAFETY OF BACTERIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY STRAINS WITH APPLICATION IN GREEN 62 Maximino Manzanera, Juan Ignacio Vilchez, Juan Jesús Narváez-Reinaldo, Lucía SantaCruzCalvo, Rafael Picazo-Espinosa, Irene Julca, Concepción Calvo and J. González-López SL-32 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION OF MONOMERS ON AN INDUSTRIAL SCALE 62 Joseph C. McAuliffe SL-21 BIOREMEDIATION OF PLANT RESIDUES: RECYCLING OPPORTUNITIES 63 Murray Moo-Young SL-70 BIOMEDICAL MODEL OF HUNTINGTON DISEASE: TRANSGENIC MINI-PIGS FOR NTERMINAL PART OF HUMAN MUTATED HUNTINGTIN 63 Jan Motlik SL-17 LEVULINIC ACID: A “NEW” C-5 BUILDING BLOCK MADE BY SEVERAL PROCESSES 64 Brian Mullen SL-54 NEW AUTOMATION STRATEGY FOR TWO-STAGE LIPID PRODUCTION TESTED IN AN OUTDOOR PILOT PLANT 64 R Münkel, Schmid- U Staiger and T Hirth SL-134 AERIBACILLUS PALLIDUS SAT4: SOURCE OF NEW POLYPEPTIDE ANTIBACTERIAL COMPOUND 65 Syed Aun Muhammad and Safia Ahmed SL-74 MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS: AN ALTERNATIVE RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR THE FUTURE GENERATION 66 Muthukumar Muthuchamy SL-68 INACTIVATION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN FOOD SAMPLES USING OZONEA BOON TO THE CONSUMERS 66 Anbazhagi Muthukumar SL-107 EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF TWO UNICELLULAR Jack C. Ng, Andrew McKay, Jianping Wang, Cheng Peng and Ting Yu BIOASSAYS FOR 67 SL-110 EFFECT OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PLANT AND INDIGENOUS MICRO-ORGANISMS ON THE DEGRADATION OF N-ALKANES IN CRUDE OIL CONTAMINATED AGRICULTURAL SOIL 67 Nkechi Esther Onyedineke SL-93 A HIGHLY SENSITIVE FLUORESCENT SENSOR FOR THE DETECTION OF HUMAN SERUM PROTEINS BASED ON THE MOLECULAR SIEVE OF THE POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL 68 Jin Ouyang and Shenghao Xu SL-83 QUERCETIN EXERTS A CYTOPROTECTIVE EFFECT AGAINST OTA-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS, GENTOTOXICITY AND INFLAMMATION IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONU-CLEAR CELLS 68 Periasamy Ramyaa, Rajashree Krishnaswamy and Viswanadha Vijaya Padma SL-47 REMOTE MAGNETIC CONTROLLING OF CELL BEHAVIOUR: A NEW TOOL FOR NANOMEDICINE 69 S. Panseri, M. Sandri, M. Montesi, M. Ghetti, E. Savini, M. Iafisco, M. Marcacci and A. Tampieri SL-128 ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITIES OF H. LUPULUS EXTRACTS AND ITS COMPONENTS 69 Neena Philips, Halyna Siomyk, Michael Ret, Benito Guzman, Harald Schwarz AND Gerhard Haas SL-109 CHANGES IN MORPHOLOGY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE AND EUCALYPTUS BARK DURING PRETREATMENT PROCESS WHICH LEAD TO THEIR ENHANCED ENZYMATIC DIGESTIBILITY 70 Igor Polikarpov SL-112 BIO-BASED CHEMICALS: BASF’S PERSPECTIVE 70 Markus Pompejus SL-124 ENGINEERING CROPS FOR CELLULOSIC BIOFUELS PRODUCTION 71 R. Michael Raab SL-28 NMR STUDIES OF A C-TERMINAL PEPTIDE FROM PGKC OF LEISHMANIA MEXICANA IN RECONSTITUTED SDS MICELLES 71 Vidya Raghunathana, Sandeep Kaushik, Bankala Krishnarjuna, Srinivasarao Raghothama, Sangita Aggarwala, Anjali Ganjiwale SL-133 NEW ROUTES TOWARD DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL ANTIFUNGAL THERAPEUTICS 72 Reeta Prusty Rao SL-135 STEM CELLS IN THE TREATMENT OF RADIATION-INDUCED NORMAL TISSUE DAMAGE Mohi Rezvani 72 SL-59 INFLUENCE OF HUMAN BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL ON MICROVASCULATURE: OUR EXPERIMENT IN RAT ISCHEMIC AND MOUSE TUMOUR MODELS 73 Claire Rome SL-79 74 NONPARAMETRIC BAYESIAN INFERENCE FOR COMPLEX DATA Gary Rosner SL-53 CRITICAL LONG BONE DEFECT TREATED BY MAGNETIC SCAFFOLDS AND FIXED BY PERMANENT MAGNETS 74 A. Russo, S. Panseri, T. Shelyakova, M. Sandri, A. Ortolani, S.T. Meikle, J. Lacey, A. Tampieri, V. Dediu, M. Santin and M. Marcacci SL-138 FABRICATION OF CHITOSAN STABILIZED NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS MAGNETIC BIMETALLIC FE/AU 75 NEW MAGNETIC NANOBEADS FULLY BIODEGRADABLE FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 75 Hossein Salehizadeh SL-50 Monica Sandri, Michele Iafisco, Silvia Panseri, Elisa Savini and Anna Tampieri SL-87 MAKING BIG THINGS HAPPEN IN INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 76 Karl Sanford SL-130 NEXT-GENERATION BIOFUELS FROM ALGAE 76 Richard Sayre SL-143 STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL DISSECTION OF HUMAN ERGP55 ONCOPROTEIN, A CRITICAL TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR INVOLVED IN PROSTATE CANCER 77 Shanti P. Gangwar and Ajay K. Saxena SL-82 PREVALENCE OF NOROVIRUS IN THE SEWAGE OUTFALL SITES OF CHENNAI CITY, INDIA - A THREAT TO HUMAN 77 Kamatchiammal Senthilkumar and Anbazhagi Muthukumar SL-7 BLOOD AS A SURROGATE FOR TUMORS: BIOMARKERS FOR DIAGNOSIS, PROGNOSIS, RECURRENCE 78 Louise C. Showe SL-20 AT-LINE MONITORING FLOW CYTOMETRIC CAROTENOID DETECTION IN YEASTS APPROACH FOR LIPID AND 78 GENOMICS-ASSISTED GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF A BIOENERGY CROP, JATROPHA CURCAS L 79 Maria Teresa Saraiva Lopes da Silva and Cláudia Freitas, Alberto Reis SL-72 Rajinder Singh, Arti Sharma and Archit Sood SL-9 FUNGAL -N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES: PROMISCUOUS SYNTHETIC TOOLS 80 Kristýna Slámová, Pavla Bojarová, Karel Křenek, Radek Gažák,Natallia Kulik, Rüdiger Ettrich and Vladimír Křen SL-100 SUSTAINABLY DEVELOPING FUELS AND CHEMICALS FROM BIOMASS 81 Colin R. South SL-62 FROM WOOD TO BONE: NEW BIOMORPHIC SCAFFOLDS FOR BONE REGENERATION 81 Simone Sprio, Andrea Ruffini, Silvia Panseri, Giuseppe Filardo, Maurilio Marcacci, Anna Tampieri SL-131 DISCOVERING NOVEL THERAPEUTICS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER: AN ACADEMIC PERSPECTIVE WITH EMPHASIS ON TARGETED DELIVERY 83 Theodoros Karampelas, Orestis Argyros, Nisar Sayyad, Andreas G. Tzakos, Demosthenes Fokas and Constantin Tamvakopoulos SL-96 ENZYME-CATALYZED FUNCTIONALIZATION CROSSLINKING REACTIONS OF SURFACES THROUGH 83 Linda Thöny-Meyer, Greta Faccio, Tobias Heck, Julian Ihssen, Phu Pham and Michael Richter SL-136 DESIGN OF NEW BIOCATALYSTS OF MICROBIAL LIPASES BY SOLID PHASE CHEMICAL MODIFICATION 84 Claudia Ortiz, Roberto Fernández-Lafuente and Rodrigo Torres SL-137 CATALYTIC HUMAN ANTIBODY LIGHT CHAINS (ANTIGENASES) CAPABLE OF SUPPRESSING THE INFECTION OF RABIES VIRUS 85 Taizo Uda, Akira Nishizono and Emi Hifumi SL-142 GENOMIC PLATFORM FOR EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF FUNGAL SECONDARY METABOLISM GENES IN INDUSTRY 85 M. Umemura, H. Koike, J. Kawano, T. Ishii, Y. Miyamura, I. Takeda, H. Hagiwara, K. Tamano, T. Kumagai, T. Mitsuyama, K. Fukui, K. Horimoto, G. Terai, T. Ikegami, M. Yui, S. Kojima, S. Sekiguchi, J. Yu, K. Asai and M. Machida SL-6 NANOPARTICLES IN ENVIRONMENT – HOPE OR THREAT? 86 Tomas Vanek, Petr Soudek, Radka Podlipná, Martin Vagner, Přemysl Landa and Radomíra Vaňková SL-67 A SIMPLE DNA EXTRACTION METHOD FOR MOLECULAR XENOMONITORING OF HUMAN LYMPHATIC FILARIAL PARASITE WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI 87 V. Vasuki, S. Subramaniam, S. L. Hoti and P. Jambulingam SL-27 NOVEL RECOMBINANT FUNGAL NITRILASES AND CYANIDE HYDRATASES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN BIOTRANSFORMATION OF MANDELON-ITRILE AND HCN Alicja Barbara Veselá, A. Petříčková, A. Rinágelová, M. Chmátal, O. Kaplan, M. Pátek and L. Martínková 87 SL-139 DEVELOPING A HYBRID CONVERSION PROCESS FOR PRODUCING BIOENERGY FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS 88 Zhiyou Wen, Laura Jarboe and Robert Brown SL-141 IMPROVING STEM CELL SOFTWARE: TARGETING SELECTINS FOR HOMING AND ENGRAFTMENT OF CELLS IN REGENERATIVE MEDICINE 89 Stephen D. Wolpe, Linda J. Paradiso, Leonard P. Miller, William Jay Treat, Clifford Hendrick, Zhongling Feng, Ewa Carrier and Lynnet Koh SL-97 BIOMASS PRETREATMENT: IMPORTANCE, LEADING TECHNOLOGIES, ATTRIBUTES, AND NEEDS FOR ADVANCEMENT 90 Charles E. Wyman SL-92 POSSIBLE ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVEGUIDES IN A BIOSYSTEM 90 Shengyong Xu and Jiongwei Xue SL-116 OVEREXPRESSION OF CB1 AND CB2 AND ANTI-TUMOR EFFECTS OF AEA IN HUMAN HCC CELLS 91 Xundi Xu, Chengzhi Xie, Guoxing Liu, Yaohui Yang, Jiefeng Liu, Yuansheng Deng, Dianchen Wang, Tao Zhang, Zhao Huang and Fusheng Wang SL-129 A CHITINASE FROM AEROMONAS VERONII WITH THE POTENTIAL TO CONTROL MYXOZOAN DISEASE AND USE AS FEED SUPPLEMENT FOR WARM-WATER AQUACULTURE 91 Yalin Yang, Yuchun Liu, Yuting Zhang, Li Xu and Zhigang Zhou SL-119 TGF- REGULATED miRNAs: THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR CARDIAC HYPERTROPHY 92 Xiao Yang SL-66 PRODUCTION OF AN ANTICANCER LEAD COMPOUND FROM MASSIVELY CULTURED DINOPHYSIS ACUMINATA, THE PREDATOR OF A MIXOTROPHIC CILIATE FEEDING ON A CRYPTOMONAD SPECIES 92 Wonho Yih, Jung-Rae Rho, Hyung Seop Kim, Byung Su Hwang, Jong Woo Park SL-144 93 A NEW BIOLOGICAL SCAFFOLD MATERIAL: POROUS TANTALUM Baoyi Liu, Dewei Zhao, Zhenhua Zhao, Xiaowei Wei and Benjie Wang SL-104 THE MOLECULAR NEMATODES Ke-Qin Zhang MECHANISMS OF MICROORGANISMS INFECT AGAINST 93 POST ERS PO-97 FOOD POTENTIAL AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF ENDENGERED HORTICULTURAL BIODIVERSITY OF WEST AND CENTRAL AFRICA 95 B.A. Adelaja and A.O. Olufolaji PO-41 USE OF A METALLOPROTEASE GENE (APRX) AS A MARKER TO IDENTIFY PSEUDOMONAS SP. CONTAMINATION IN A DAIRY PLANT 95 W. R. Pinto Junior, E. M. Del Aguila, J. T. Silva, A. Rosenthal and V. M. F. Paschoalin PO-42 PRODUCTION OF A 6kDa ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE DERIVED FROM BAKER'S YEAST 96 F. lago, S. Secchi, P. R. Pereira, E. M. Del Aguila, J. T. Silva and V. M. F. Paschoalin PO-26 EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON WITHAFERIN A PRODUCTION IN SUSPENSION CULTURES OF W. SOMNIFERA 96 S. Ahlawat, P. Saxena and M. Z. Abdin PL-75 DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO ANTICANCER EVALUATION OF STEARIC ACID BASED ESTER CONJUGATE 97 Azmat a. Khan, Amer M. Alanazi, Mumtaz Jabeen,and Arun Chauhan PO-81 EVALUATION OF GREEN SYNTHESIS OF AG NANOPARTICLES USING ERUCA SATIVA AND SPINACIA OLERACEA LEAF EXTRACTS AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY 97 Ibrahim Abdullah Alaraidh, M. M. Ibrahim and G. A. El-Gaely PO-60 INFLUENCE OF TiO2 ON HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS PRODUCTION IN 98 Bahar Aliakbarian, Mattia Comotto, Alessandro A. Casazza, Maurizio Ferretti and Patrizia Perego PO-86 CLEAN TECHNOLOGY OF WHEAT CULTIVATION IN AREAS WITH SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS 98 R.A. Alybayeva, S.S. Kenzhebayeva, S.D. Atabayeva PO-65 EVALUATION OF THE ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF AN AQUEOUS EXTRACT FROM L. DIVARICATA ON A MURINE LYMPHOCITIC LEUKAEMIA CELL LINE: BIOGUIDED FRACTIONATION AND STABILITY STUDY DURING SIMULATED DIGESTIVE PROCESS. 99 Renzo Martino, Valeria Sulsen, Rosario Alonso and Claudia Anesini PO-11 ASSISTED BY LIGNINOLYTIC AND CELLULOLYTIC ENZYMES RELEASING OF CELLULOSE NANOFIBERS FROM PLANT BIOMASS Alicja Kaczmarek, Łukasz Stańczyk, Arkadiusz Bloda, Janusz Kazimierczak, Radosław Wąchała, Milena Stępczynska, Tomasz Ramięga, Danuta Ciechańska, Tadeusz Antczak 99 PO-47 SYNTHETIC HYDROTALCITE CATALYZED METHANOLYSIS OF WASTE VEGETABLE OIL TO BIODIESEL: AN OPTIMIZATION STUDY USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY 100 E. F. Aransiola, T. F. Madzimbamuto, O. O. Oyekola, D. I. O. Ikhu-Omoregbe and T. V. Ojumu PO-30 ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF COPPER- RESISTANT BACTERIA FROM MINING WASTES 101 I.R. Avanzi, L.H. Gracioso, M.P.G. Baltazar, L. J. Gimenes, C.A.O. Nascimento and E.A. Perpetuo PO-68 HIGH THROUGHPUT INJECTION SYSTEM FOR ZEBRAFISH FERTILIZED EGGS 101 Eriko Avşar-Ban, Hiroshi Manya, Tamao Endo, Masaru Obata, Masatoshi Hashimoto, and Yutaka Tamaru PO-109 PLASMA POLYMER FUNCTIONALIZATION OF POLYLACTIDE STABILIZED CALCIUM PHOSPHATE SCAFFOLDS ENHANCES COLONIZATION BY OSTEOBLASTS 102 Claudia Bergemann, M. Cornelsen, T. Laube, B. Finke, A. Quade, V. Weissmann, H. Seitz, M. Schnabelrauch and B. Nebe PO-5 CULTURE STRATEGIES FOR HIGH CELL DENSITY CULTIVATION PSEUDOMONAD BIOINOCULANT FOR INCREASED WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF A 102 CONSTRUCTION, EXPRESSION AND BINDING SPECIFICITY OF BISPECIFIC CD3 X VEGFR-2 ANTIBODIES IN THE SINGLE CHAIN AND DIABODY FORMAT 103 M.V.R.K Sarma, Ashwani Gautam, Vikram Sahai and Virendra S. Bisaria PO-112 Anke Kopacek, Thomas Böldicke, Sarah Lergenmüller, Frank Berthold, Markus Jensen, Peter P. Müller and Ludger Grosse-Hovest PO-31 CENTRIN 2 PHOSPHORYLATION CONTROLS ITS SUBCELLULAR LOCALISATION 103 Rose Boutros, Swetha Perera, Chin Wong, Boris Sarcevic, Brian Gabrielli, Phillip Robinson and Megan Chircop PO-6 OVEREXPRESSION OF CYCLOPHILINS IN THE UNICELLULAR TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI: A TOOL FOR PROTEIN FUNCTION ANALYSIS PARASITE 104 Alina E. Perrone, Patricia L. Bustos, Maria de los Milagros Cámara, Gabriela A. García and Jacqueline Búa PO-10 INFLUENCE OF UV STRESS ON LIPID CONTENT AND PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS CONCENTRATION OF ARTHROSPIRA PLATENSIS 104 Alessandro A. Casazza, Bahar Aliakbarian, Marco Paini, Attilio Converti and Patrizia Perego PO-18 EFFICIENCY OF THE EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE EMULSIFIER PRODUCED BY WILDTYPE AND MUTANT STRAIN OF RHIZOBIUM TROPICI. Tereza Cristina Luque Castellane; Manoel Victor Franco Lemos; Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos 105 PO-19 EMULSIFYING ACTIVITY OF BRADYRHIZOBIUM ELKANII SEMIA 587 WILD-TYPE AND MUTANT STRAINS 105 Érica Mendes Lopes, Tereza Cristina Luque Castellane, Jackson Antônio Marcondes De Souza and Eliana Gertrudes De Macedo Lemos PO-92 A NEW GENOMIC SIGNATURE ALGORITHM BASED ON DNA WORD 106 Woo-Chan Kim and Dong-Ho Cho PO-104 USE OF FLUOROGENIC SUBSTRATE MIXTURE FOR QUANTIFICATION OF BIOFILM FORMED ON DRINKING WATER PIPE MATERIAL 106 Yeong-Kwan Kim, Si-Hyeong Juen Kyung-Ran Pak and Sung-Chan Choi PO-4 BIOMARKERS FOR THE EARLY DETECTION OF SALINITY IMPACT ON RICE YIELD 107 S.D. Wankhade, A. Sanz, I. Mateu-Andrés and M.J. Cornejo PO-46 NON-ADVERSE EFFECTS ON ALLERGENICITY OF ISOPENTENYLTRANSFERASE GENE TRANSFORMED BROCCOLI 108 En-Chih Liao, Jen-Tao Chen, Mei-Li Chao, Sheng-Chieh Yu, Ching-Yun Chang, Hsin-Tang Lin, Wen-Shen Chu, and Jaw-Ji Tsai PO-66 STUDY OF THE POTENTIAL VALUE OF ILEX AFFINIS AS A NOVEL SOURCE FOR THE FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES 108 Dalton Rafferty Amy, Cogoi Laura, Martino Renzo, Anesini Claudia and Filip Rosana PO-108 DESIGNER HYPER INTERLEUKIN 11 (H11) IS MORE EFFECTIVE THAN IL-11 IN MEGAKARYOPOIESIS 109 Hanna Dams-Kozlowska , Eliza Kwiatkowska, Katarzyna Gryska and Andrzej Mackiewicz PO-99 NON ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF HEMOGLOBIN AT HIGH TEMPERATURES FOR INDUSTRIAL 109 Carlos Álvarez, Manuel Rendueles and Mario Díaz PO-63 HUMAN (NON- 3D EQUIVALENT) SKIN EXPLANT ASSAYS FOR THE DETECTION OF ADVERSE REACTIONS, POTENCY AND EFFICACY 110 Anne Dickinson and Shaheda Ahmed PO-18 REDUCED LIGNIN SORGHUM LINES FOR BIOENERGY CONVERSION CAN HAVE GREATER INSECT RESISTANCE AS COMPARED TO NORMAL LIGNIN LINES 111 Patrick F. Dowd and Scott E. Sattler PO-9 BIOMASS AS A SOURCE OF RAW MATERIALS FOR FIBROUS POLYMER TECHNOLOGY Gabriela Dziworska 111 PO-15 112 ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF FATTY ACID SALTS AGAINST TINEA Mariko ERA ,Shiho SAKAI , Junko NINOMIYA , Takayoshi KAWAHARA , Takahide KANYAMA , Hiroshi MORITA PO-122 PROTEINACEOUS MUSHROOM EXTRACTS EXHIBIT ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST PLANT PATHOGENIC BACTERIA 113 Jana Erjavec, Tanja Dreo, Jerica Sabotič, Jože Brzin, and Maja Ravnikar PO-100 ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY IN VITRO AGAINST RIOLOZATRIONE FROM JATROPHA DIOICA HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS OF 113 Rivas-Galindo Verónica M, Silva-Mares David, Rivas-Estilla Ana María, Cordero-Pérez Paula, Waksman-Minsky Noemí and Torres-López Ernesto PO-101 EVALUATION OF ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF UV-C LIGHT AGAINST HSV INFECTION IN VITRO 114 Arriaga-Garza Jesús, Torres-López Ernesto, Castaño Victor M, Belmares-Perales Sergio, and Elizondo-Villarreal Nora PO-93 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOME ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS AND AVAILABLE LYSINE IN ACACIA COLEI AND ACACIA TUMIDA SEEDS USING CHEMICAL METHODS AND AMINO ACID ANALYZER 114 Olumuyiwa S. Falade and Steve R.A. Adewusi PO-94 STABILIZATION OF GROUNDNUT OIL WITH NATURAL ANTIOXIDANTS EXTRACTED FROM BAUHINIA SPECIES AND PILIOSTIGMA RETICULATUM 115 O.S. Falade, A.A. Adeyanju, M.A. Aderogba and S.R.A. Adewusi PO-25 ESCHERICHIA COLI EXPRESSING PDU GENES FROM KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE PRODUCES 1,3-PROPANEDIOL FROM GLYCEROL 115 A. B. Flora, G. Pitta, and J. G. C. Gomez PO-128 IONIC LIQUIDS AS TUNABLE SOLVENTS FOR BIOFILM-FORMING PATHOGEN NEUTRALIZATION 116 David T. Fox, Katherine Lovejoy, Tarryn Miller, Theresa Kern, Michael Zakrewsky, Andrew Koppisch, Samir Mitragotri and Rico Del Sesto PO-28 ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF CROTON SPHAEROGYNUS BAILL 116 Kátia Pereira dos Santos, Lucimar Barbosa da Motta, Deborah Y.A.C.Santos, Maria Luiza Faria Salatino and Antonio Salatinoand Cláudia Maria Furlan PO-27 ANTIOXIDANT AND IRON-CHELATING CAPACITY OF EXTRACTS FROM HYPTIS (LAMIACEAE) Matha Dalila Sedano Partida, Daniele Ribeiro Araujo, Fúlvio Riele, Ricardo Lombello, and Cláudia Maria Furlan 117 PO-127 B. SUBTILIS SPORES WITH ENHANCED GUT PERSISTENCE AS A TOOL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTI-CARIES VACCINES 118 Milene B. Tavares, Juliano D. Paccez, Renata D. Souza, Mariela E. O. Silva, Rafael C.M. Cavalcante, Wilson B. Luiz, Eduardo G. Martins, Rita C.C. Ferreira and Luís C.S.Ferreira PO-91 PROTEOMIC COMPARISON BETWEEN MRP4 KNOCKOUT AND WILD TYPE MOUSE BRAIN, LIVER, KIDNEY AND SERUM 118 Kris R. Freeman, John D. Schuetz, Fernando Benavides and Dana Garcia PO-20 POTENTIAL IMMUNOLOGIC ACTION OF RECOMBINANT CP40 PROTEIN FROM CORYNEBACTERIUM PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS 119 Daniela Droppa Almeida, Wanessa Lordelo Vivas, Judson Wallace Rodrigues da Silva, Ingrid Ganda, Sibele Borsuk, Simone Simmionato, Isabel Bezerra Lima-Verde, Vasco Azevedo, Roberto Meyer and Francine Ferreira Padilha PO-7 OVER-EXPRESSION OF THE ALDO-KETO REDUCTASE IN TRANSFECTED TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, THE ETIOLOGICAL AGENT OF CHAGAS' DISEASE, INCREASES PARASITE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO TRYPANOCIDAL DRUGS 119 Patricia A. Garavaglia Joaquin J. B. Cannata, Marc Laverrière, Andrea C. Bruballa and Gabriela A. García PO-57 ISOLATION OF MICROBIAL CONSORTIA FROM SEA WATER AND MARINE SEDIMENTS FOR THE DEGRADATION OF PHENANTHRENE 120 KD Carmen Garcia-Uitz, A Corona-Cruz, `Moreno-Andrade, Rojas-Herrera Rafael and PonceCaballero C PO-67 A FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION PLATFORM FOR NEURONAL GPCRS AND LIGANDGATED ION CHANNELS SUITABLE FOR HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING DISCOVERY OF NOVEL BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS 120 P. Tsitoura, L. Swevers, A. Lioupis, Z. Georgoussi, and K. Iatrou PO-12 ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGI PRESENT ON COPPER MINE IN THE PARA STATE, BRAZIL 121 L. J. Gimenes, I.R. Avanzi, L.H. Gracioso, M.P.G. Baltazar, C.A.O. Nascimento, E.A. Perpetuo, T.A. Reis and B. Correa PO-51 IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF TARIN, A GNA-RELATED LECTIN FROM TARO (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA) 121 P.R. Pereira, L.P. Gomes, C.S. Freitas, A.C.N.T.F. Corrêa, V.M.F. Paschoalin, F.B. Pinho, M.A. Vericimo and J.T. Silva PO-52 GREEN SYNTHESIS AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CHITOSAN POLYMERS 122 L. P. Gomes, E.M. Del Aguila, C.T. Andrade, J.T. Silva and V.M.F. Paschoalin PO-61 HAPLOID PLANT HYBRIDIZATION PRODUCTION FROM PEARL L. Gugsa, B. Haussmann, J. Kumlehn and A. Melchinger MILLET USING WIDE 122 PO-72 ANTI-DIABETIC PROPERTIES OF PHLOROTANNIN ISOLATED FROM BROWN ALGAE IN HUMAN UMBILICAL VEIN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS AND DIABETIC MICE 123 Soo-Jin Heo, Bo-Ram Ye, Jiyi Jang, Young-Kyung Kwon, Ji Hyung Kim, Youngdeuk Lee, Su-Jin Lee, Chulhong Oh and Do-Hyung Kang PO-34 OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDE 5''-TTTTGCCG-3'' INHIBITS INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION FROM LACTOBACILLUS CASEI 123 Yukihiro Hiramatsu, Tomomitsu Satho, Keiichi Irie, Shota Shiimura Yukihiko Nakashima, Fumio Miake, Nick Carpnio and Nobuhiro Kashige PO-107 SYNTHESIS OF ECO-FRIENDLY SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING PLANT EXTRACTS AND ASSESSMENT OF THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY 124 Mohamed M. Ibrahim, Amal A. Hazani, Afaf I. Shehata, Gehan A. EL-Gaaly, Abdulaziz AlJafari, Farid Ataya,Humaira Rizwana and Nadine MS Moubayed PO-114 Rho-KINASE IS INVOLVED IN INORGANIC PHOSPHATE-INDUCED ACTIVATION IN VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS ERK1/2 124 Keisuke Ishizawa, Sakiko Doi, Yoshitaka Kihira, Yasumasa Ikeda, Koichiro Tsuchiya and Toshiaki Tamaki PO-82 SEWAGE TREATMENT IN ANAEROBIC FLUIDIZED BED BIOREACTOR 125 Kasturi Dutta, Ming-Yi Lee, Cheng-Fang Lin and Jih-Gaw PO-32 OLIVE TREE PRUNINGS AS RAW MATERIAL FOR BIOETHANOL AND THERMAL ENERGY PRODUCTION 125 Ana Requejo, Ana Ferrer, Alejandro Rodríguez, Zoilo González, Fátima Vargas and Luis Jiménez PO-87 A MUTAGENESIS-DERIVED BROAD-SPECTRUM QUALITY AND QUANTITY PROTEIN IN SPRING WHEAT 126 S. Kenzhebayeva, R. Alybaeva, S. Atabayeva, G. Doktirbai, G. Kaldybekkyzy, S. Asrandina PO-118 A NOVEL FILAMENTOUS CYANOBACTERIUM LEPTOLYNGBYA SP. KIOST-1 AS A POTENTIAL CANDIDATE FOR BIO-RESOURCE PRODUCTION 126 Ji Hyung Kim, Seon-Mi Jeon, Jun Mo Lee, Se Chang Park, Soo-Jin Heo, Chulhong Oh and DoHyung Kang PO-23 PURIFICATION OF CLASS II HYDROPHOBINS USING A COST-EFFECTIVE METHOD 127 Mohammad Reza Khalesi, Kurt Gebruers, Frank Delvigne, Peter Martin, Ivo Vankelecom and Guy Derdelinckx PO-45 BRUCELLA IMMUNOGENIC BP26 FORMS A HEXADECAMERIC CHANNEL-LIKE STRUCTURE Daegeun Kim, Jihye Park, Soo Jin Kim, Young-min Soh, Ho min Kim, Byung-Ha Oh and Ji-Joon Song 127 PO-36 THE OPTIMUM CONDITION FOR AMYLOLYTIC ENZYMES PRODUCTION IN A SUBMERGED CO-CULTURE OF ASPERGILLUS ORYZAE AND RHIZOPUS ARRHIZUS 128 Jun KONOMI, Junko NINOMIYA, Hiroshi MORITA PO-33 QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF ENDOGENOUS ESTROGENS AND ESTROGEN METABOLITES IN URINE SAMPLE FROM ENDOMETRIAL CANCER PATIENTS AND HEALTHY WOMEN BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY WITH HF-LPME 128 Li Li, Jun Zhang, Huanhuan Zhao and Ye Jiang PO-90 HETEROTROPHIC AND MIXOTROPHIC CONDITIONS FOR EFFICIENT GROWTH OF GREEN AND RED MICROALGAE IN STIRRED BIOREACTORS 129 S. Lickova, F. Weiss, P. Pribyl, K. Melzoch, K. Kovar, and G. Steinfeld PO-116 DEVELOPMENT OF SYMBIOTIC HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE PHOTOBIOREACTOR FOR MICROALGAL GROWTH AND BACTERIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT 129 Khanh Linh Vu Tran and Kai-Chee Loh PO-117 IMMOBILIZED-CELL HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR TO OVERCOME INHIBITORS IN LIGNOCELLULOSE HYDROLYSATE FOR BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION 130 Duong Thi-Thuy Nguyen and Kai-Chee Loh PO-2 THE WAR ON VACCINATIONS: CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT VERSUS PUBLIC PERIL 130 Ashley J. Lynch and Michael P. Accordino PO-113 INITIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AN AUTOCLAVED TOXOPLASMA VACCINE IN MICE 131 M.M. Eissa, M.Z. El-Azzouni, R.F. Mady, F.M. Fathy, N.M. Baddour PO-96 EFFECTS OF GLYCEROL CONCENTRATION AND MEDIUM OXYGENATION ON THE GROWTH OF ENTEROBACTER AEROGENES 131 V. Girardi, B. Barsé, C. Hartmann, G.S. Griggio, L.L. Beal, A.P.R. Torres, M.P. Souza, S. Carra, E. Malvessi, and MM.m. Silveira PO-95 BIOPRODUCTION OF LACTOBIONIC ACID AND SORBITOL BY FREE AND IMMOBILIZED CELLS OF ZYMOMONAS MOBILIS 132 Sabrina Carra, Leonardo Guimarães de Almeida, Adriana Del Carmen Escalona Gower, Eloane Malvessi and Mauricio Moura da Silveira PO-43 BIOSYNTHESIS OF BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS BY RECOMBINANT BURKHOLDERIA SACCHARI FROM GLUCOSE AND ORGANIC ACIDS Thatiane Teixeira Mendonça, Rafaela R. Tavares, Lucas Garbini Cespedes, José Gregório Cabrera Gomez, Maria Paula Padilla Marilda Keico Taciro and Luiziana Ferreira da Silva 132 PO-17 THE EFFECT OF AMMONIUM ACETATE FOR GLUCOAMYLASE PRODUCTION IN SUBMERGED CO-CULTURE SYSTEM 133 Saki MIKAI, Takahiro SATO, Jun KONOMI and Hiroshi MORITA PO-50 BIOMIMICRY OF THE STRUCTURES AND TEMPOROSPATIAL PATTERNS OF LIVING TISSUES 133 Silvia Minardi, Monica Sandri, S.M. Zahangir Khaled, Jonathan O. Martinez, Joseph FernandezMoore, Ennio Tasciotti and Anna Tampieri PO-83 DE NOVO BIOSYNTHETIC PATHWAY DESIGN FOR BIO-BASED INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL PRODUCTION: A BIOINFORMATICS APPROACH 134 Mohd Shahir Shamsir and Bashir S. Mienda PO-35 THE APPLICATION OF BAMBOO POWDERS AS FOOD MATERIALS IN BREADMAKING 134 Yoshiaki MORINAGA, Keisuke NAGATA, Kishou KARAKAWA and Hiroshi MORITA PO-53 TUMOR VASCULAR TARGETING USING ANTI-ROBO4 CELL-INTERNALIZING MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY THAT IS ISOLATED VIA PHAGE DISPLAY-BASED SCREENING SYSTEM 135 Yohei Mukai, Mai Yoshikawa, Yoshiaki Okada, Shin-ichi Tsunoda, Yasuo Tsutsumi, William C. Aird, Yasuo Yoshioka, Naoki Okada, Takefumi Doi and Shinsaku Nakagawa PO-1 SYNTHESIS OF PLANT CONSTITUENTS IN ANIMAL CELLS 136 Hoyoku Nishino PO-123 SURFACE MODIFICATION OF TiO2 FOR ANTIHSA CONJUGATION 136 Zoltán Nagy, András Pungor, Dávid Nyul and István Bányai PO-56 TRANSGENIC RICE SEED SYNTHESIZING DIVERSE FLAVONOIDS AT HIGH LEVELS; A NEW PLATFORM FOR FLAVONOID PRODUCTION WITH ASSOCIATED HEALTH BENEFITS 137 Yuko Ogo, Kenjiro Ozawa, Tsutomu Ishimaru, Tsugiya Murayama, Fumio Takaiwa PO-58 DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF AN EFFECTIVE SCREENING METHOD BASED ON A MICROWELL PLATE FOR MICROBES PRODUCING CELLULASE AND XYLANASE 137 Young-Kyung Kwon, Chulhong Oh, Ji Hyung Kim, Soo-Jin Heo and Do-Hyung Kang PO-59 SCREENING OF ACTINOMYCETES FROM SAUDI ARABIA FOR ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES 138 Ranaa Mujamammi, Islem Abid, Ismet Ara, Monerah Al Othman and Muneera D.F. Alkahtani PO-55 REMOVAL OF METAL FROM ACID MINE DRAINAGE (AMD) BY HYBRID SYSTEM INCLUDING MICROALGAE REACTOR Hyun Shik Yun, Kyung Guen Song, Jaeyoung Choi and Young-Tae Park 138 PO-98 DETECTION AND GENOTYPING OF HUMAN ROTAVIRUS VP4 AND VP7 GENES BY REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE PCR IN SOUTHERN, BRAZIL 139 Suelen Paesi, Veridiana Munford, Guilherme Guzzo, Denise Zampieri, Felipe Da Luz, Flaviane Magrini, Maria-Lucia Rácz. PO-24 TAXONOMIC CLASSIFICATION AND FUNCTIONAL ANNOTATION OF SUGAR-CANE CULTIVATED SOIL BY NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING APPROACH 139 E.A.N. Pedrinho, W.M.Q. Moreira, L.M. Carareto-Alves, A.M. Varani, S.M. Tsai, K L.T. Kishi and E.G.M. Lemos PO-85 ASSOCIATION OF PLASMA LEVELS OF NITRIC OXIDE AND DYSLIPIDEMIA IN INDETERMINATE CHAGASIC 140 Elaine Cristina Navarro, Paulo Câmara Marques Pereira, Mariana Miziara Abreu, Francilene Capel Tavares, Sueli Aparecida Calvi PO-29 ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BTEX-DEGRADING BACTERIA FROM HYDROCARBON-CONTAMINATED AREA 141 E.A. Perpetuo, L.H. Gracioso, I.R. Avanzi, M.P.G. Baltazar, L. J. Gimenes and C.A.O. Nascimento PO-73 BIOPROSPECTING FOR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM A MANGROVE FOREST 141 Marina Miranda Poloni, Fernanda l. S. Sebatianes Paulo Teixeira Lacava and Masaharu Ikegaki PO-74 PARACONIOTHYRIUM SP. P83F4/1: ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITIES AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS ASSOCIATED WITH RHEEDIA BRASILIENSIS PLANT 142 Patrícia Lunardelli Negreiros de Carvalho, Marina Miranda Poloni, Ana Lúcia Tasca Gois Ruiz, João Ernesto de Carvalho and Masaharu Ikegaki PO-88 PULSED PLASMA DEPOSITION OF ZIRCONIA THIN FILMS ON UHMWPE: PROOF OF CONCEPT OF A NOVEL APPROACH FOR JOINT PROSTHETIC IMPLANTS 142 Michele Bianchi, Nicola Lopomo, Alessandro Russo, Alessandro Ortolani, Marco Boi, Maria Cristina Maltarello, Simone Sprio, Matteo Baracchi and Maurilio Marcacci PO-49 ENZYMATIC ACYLATION OF QUERCETIN WITH CINNAMIC ACID: EFFECT OF THE ORIGIN OF LIPASE, INCUBATION TEMPERATURE AND MOLAR RATIO OF SUBSTRATE ON BIOCONVERSION YIELD AND REGIOSELECTIVITY 143 A.Y.H, Saik and W.S.Choo PO-13 ISOLATION OF RHOGOCYTE CELLS FROM MOLLUSK USING FLUORESCENCEACTIVATED CELL SORTING (FACS): A NECESSITY TO UNDERSTAND HEMOCYANIN BIOSYNTHESIS Fareed Sairi, Peter Valtchev, Vincent Gomes and Fariba Dehghani 144 PO-16 ANTIFUNGAL PINOPHILUM ACTIVITY OF FATTY ACID SALTS AGAINST PENICILLIUM Shiho SAKAI, Mariko ERA, Junko NINOMIYA, Takayoshi KAWAHARA, KANYAMA, Hiroshi MORITA PO-106 144 Takahide EFFECT OF THE ADDITION OF SEDIMENT OF PULQUE IN THE FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF TRADITIONAL MEXICAN BREAD 145 María Elena Sánchez-Pardo, Edgar Torres-Maravilla, Pedro Vázquez-Landaverde and Epifanio Jiménez-García PO-40 PRESENCE OF BISPHENOL-A IN LANDFILL LEACHATES 145 Liliana San-Pedro-Cedillo, Roger I. Méndez-Novelo, Manuel Barceló-Quintal, María N. RojasValenzuela and Emanuel Hernández-Núñez PO-54 ASPHALTENE BIODEGRADATION USING BACILLUS LENTUS AND MIXED CULTURE 146 Hossein Salehizadeh, Tina Tavasoli and Abbas Shojaosadati PO-38 ENHANCED 503 ANTIGEN PRODUCTION IN RECOMBINANT ESCHERICHIA COLI BY AGITATION SPEED CONTROL 146 Michelle Rossana Ferreira Vaz, Francisco Caninde De Sousa Junior, Leticia Maia Rezende Costa, Everaldo Silvino Dos Santos, Daniella Regina Arantes Martins, Mary Edith Wilson and Gorete Ribeiro De Macedo PO-121 MAGNETIC FORCE-BASED TISSUE ENGINEERING FUNCTIONAL SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF 147 CHANGE OF ENZYME ACTIVITIES ON SAKE BREWING AND AMYLOLYTIC ENZYME PRODUCTION IN CO-CULTURE KOJI 147 Masanori Sato, Akira Ito, Shota Kanno, Yoshinori Kawabe, Masamichi Kamihira PO-37 Yukae Sato, Junko Ninomiya and Hiroshi Morita PO-126 METHODOLOGY FOR THE ISOLATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MYCOBACTERIA FROM AIR TO IDENTIFY THE POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS ZONES AND SOURCES 148 Kamatchiammal Senthilkumar, D. Jayakar Santhosh, A. Balakumaran V.Saroja and Anbazhagi Muthukumar PO-84 CELL DEATH INDUCED BY A FRUIT MISTLETOE AQUEOUS EXTRACT (CLADOCOLEA LONICEROIDES) ON DIFFERENT BREAST CANCER CULTURES 149 M. J. Serrano-Maldonado, P. Damian-Matzumura, De la Paz Pérez-Olvera, C. García-Gasca and T. J. Soriano-Santos, PO-14 PREPARATIVE SCALE PRODUCTION OF IMMOBILIZED LIPASE PREPARATIONS FOR CONTINUOUS BIOCONVERSION PROCESSES Łukasz Stańczyk, Katarzyna Struszczyk- wita, Mirosława Szczęsna-Antczak, Dariusz Hiler, Radosław Bonikowski and Tadeusz Antczak 149 PO-3 WHOLE-CELL LIPASE APPLICATION IN PLANT OILS CONVERSIONS INTO POLYMER COMPONENTS 150 Miroslawa Halina Szczęsna-Antczak, Agnieszka Borowska, Julia Gibka, Sławomir Dutkiewicz, Łukasz Stańczyk, Katarzyna Struszczyk- wita, Małgorzata Piotrowicz-Wasiak, Katarzyna Chudzik, Małgorzata Rzyska and Tadeusz Antczak PO-78 ANTI-VEGF ANTIBODIES AS TARGETING NANOCARRIERS INTO BRAIN TUMORS MOIETIES FOR DELIVERY 151 Sergey A. Shein, Natalia V. Nukolova, Anna A. Korchagina, Vladimir P. Baklaushev, Olga I. Gurina and Vladimir P. Chekhonin PO-39 RECOVERY OF LIPASE USING RECYCLING AQUEOUS TWO-PHASE FLOTATION 152 Pau Loke Show and Tau Chuan Ling PO-44 BIOPLASTICS SYNTHESIZED BY PSEUDOMONADS FROM CARBOHYDRATES 152 M.K. Taciro, L.G. Cespedes, R.S. Gomes, R. Tavares, T.T. Mendonça, L.F. Silva and J.G.C. Gomez PO-102 IMAGING-GUIDED DETERMINATION OF THE TREATMENT REGIMENS OF THE HYPOXIA-ACTIVATED PRODRUG TH-302 153 Yoichi Takakusagi, Shingo Matsumoto, Keita Saito, Masayuki Matsuo, William DeGraff, Rajani Choudhuri, Nallathamby Devasahayam, Sankaran Subramanian, Jeeva P. Munasinghe, James B. Mitchell, Charles P. Hart, and Murali C. Krishna PO-103 IDENTIFICATION OF SMALL MOLECULE ASSOCIATING REGION BY T7 PHAGE DISPLAY: iSMART 154 Yoichi Takakusagi, Kaori Takakusagi, Tomoe Kusayanagi, Susumu Kobayashi, Fumio Sugawara and Kengo Sakaguchi PO-71 DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF LACTOFERRAMPIN ANALOG PEPTIDES AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 154 Jenniffer Cruz, Marlon Cáceres, Claudia Ortiz, Roberto Fernández-Lafuente and Rodrigo G. Torres PO-70 IN VITRO ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AGAINST DIFFERENT SPECIES OF CANDIDA SPP 155 Daissy G. Paredes , Jhon Artunduaga, Claudia Ortiz and Rodrigo Torres PO-62 TRANSGENIC TEF (ERAGROSTIS TEF) PLANTS OBTAINED BY BIOLISTIC AND AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED GENE TRANSFER TO IMMATURE EMBRYOS 155 Likyelesh Gugsa Tuffer, Ingrid Otto and Jochen Kumlehn PO-64 ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF AN INVASIVE LACTOCOCCUS LACTIS STRAIN CONTAINING A EUKARYOTIC DNA VECTOR CODING FOR INTERLEUKIN 10 FOR THE PREVENTION OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES M. Z. Turk, F.A. Lima, S. Del carmen, A. C. G. Santos, C.C. Prósperi, P. Mancha-Agresti, Saraiva, T.D.L. V.B. Pereira, B.M. Souza, M.S.P. De azevedo, C.S. Rocha, V. Azevedo, S. Leclercq, A. De Moreno De Leblanc, J. G. Leblanc and A. Miyoshi 156 PO-79 NOVEL LIGNIN-DEGRADING BURKHOLDERIA STRAINS FROM FOREST SOIL 157 Seil Kil, Yunje Kim, and Youngsoon Um PO-80 BUTYRIC ACID PRODUCTION FROM BROWN ALGAE USING CLOSTRIDIUM TYROBUTYRICUM STRAINS 157 Hyun-Ju Oh , Seil Kim, Min-Kyu Oh, Han-Min Woo, Yunje Kim And Youngsoon Um PO-69 EXPRESSION OF ANAPLASTIC LYMPHOMA KINASE PROTEIN IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER 158 Amineh Vaghefi and Ali Zare Mehrjardi PO-124 BASIDIOMYCETES MUSHROOM FUNCTIONAL PRODUCTS BIOTECHNOLOGY IN DEVELOPMENT OF 158 Diego F. Rojas Vahos, Paola A. Zapata Ocampo, Ana M. Palacio Barrera, Sandra P. Ospina Alvarez, and Lucía Atehortúa PO-89 THE mRNA EXPRESSION OF EPAS1 AND VEGF GENE REVEALS NOVEL MECHANISMS IN YAK（BOS GRUNNIENS) ADAPTATION TO HIGH ALTITUDEHYPOXIA 159 P. Yan, X.Y. Wu and X.Z. Ding PO-120 MICROENCAPSULATION OF CITRAL FOR TARGET RELEASE IN INTESTINE: INVITRO AND IN-VIVO VALIDATION 159 Yuexi Yang, Tracy Guo, Hai Yu, Qi Wang, Joshua Gong and Yufei Hua PO-115 ROLE OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS THERAPY IN CISPLATIN-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY IN ADULT ALBINO RATS: A HISTOLOGICL, ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDY 160 Emad Nagiwub Ghaly, Safwat Wadie Gergis, Hanan Dawood Yassa, Jousef Naem Thabet, and Hassan Abdel-Raheem Hassan PO-8 EFFECT OF COMBINATION OF HYDROLYSIS AND PROBIOTIC FERMENTATION ON THE FUNCTIONALITY OF CHLORELLA 160 Li-Jung Yin, Yun-Yi Chang and Shann-Tzomg Jiang PO-48 NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS AGAINST AGGRECANASES: A NOVEL METHOD FOR DEGENERATIVE DISC DISEASE THERAPY 161 Yuanyuan Yu and Julian A. Tanner PO-22 MULTIPLE NON-CANONICAL AMINO ACID INCORPORATION FOR THE SITESPECIFIC AND SYNERGISTIC MODIFICATION IN A SINGLE PROTEIN 161 Kanagavel Deepankumar, Saravanan Prabhu Nadarajan and Hyungdon Yun PO-110 CAROTENOIDS: DIVERSIFICATION IN MALAYSIAN TRADITIONAL VEGETABLES (ULAM) AND MEDICINAL SPECIES Fatimah Azzahra Mohd Zaifuddin, Rashidi Othman and Norazian Mohd Hassan 162 PO-111 CALLUS CULTURES: AN ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH TOOL TO STUDY REGULATORY MECHANISMS OF CAROTENOID BIOSYNTHESIS 162 Fatimah Azzahra Mohd Zaifuddin, Rashidi Othman, Norazian Mohd Hassan PO-125 DEVELOPMENT OF A SAMPLE PREPARATION METHOD OF FILAMENTOUS FUNGI MM1-UDEA TO ENHANCING THE ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF A PROTEIN EXTRACT ON MYCOSPHAERELLA FIJIENSIS 163 Paola A. Zapata, Oscar Alzate, Cristina Osorio, Mónica A. Arias, Liuda J. Sepúlveda, John J. Mira and Lucía Atehortúa PO-105 ЕNDOMETRIAL STEM CELLS IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 163 A.Domnina, V. Mikhailov, T. Grinchuk, N.Nikolsky and V. Zemelko PO-119 USE OF DIETARY QUORUM QUENCHING ENZYMES AS BACTERIAL DISEASE PREVENTION 164 Meichao Zhang, Yanan Cao, Ruidong Chen, Suxu He, Li Xu, Yalin Yang and Zhigang Zhou PO-76 THE NEW USEFUL TREATMENT METHOD FOR ADVANCED STAGE OF OSTEONECROSIS OF FEMORAL HEAD: BONE GRAFT WITH POROUS TANTALUM ROD 164 Dewei Zhao, Baoyi Liu, Zhenhua Zhao, Xiaowei Wei and Benjie Wang PO-77 IN 165 EFFECT OF MACRONUTRIENTS RATIO AND ELICITORS OVER THE POLYPHENOLS PRODUCTION IN CELL SUSPENSION CULTURES OF THEOBROMA CACAO 165 EXPRESSION OF CD82 IMPLANTATION IN MICE IN PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYO AND ROLES Xiaowei Wei, Bangxia Zhao, Dongmei Tan, Dewei Zhao, and Yi Tan ADDI T I ON AL ABST RACT S PO-129 Carolina Flórez-Cortés, Luisa Rojas and Lucía Atehortúa PO-132 REMOVAL OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM BY HEAT INACTIVATED FUNGAL BIOMASS OF TERMITOMYCES CLYPEATUS: SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION AND MECHANISM OF BIOSORPTION 166 Rajib Majumder , Lata Ramrakhiani and Suman Khowala PO-131 E-COLORATION OF HE4R SIDERCRON YELLOW DYER IN SYNTHETIC EFFLUENTS BY TRAMETES VILLOSA AND PENIOPHORA CINEREA Oliveira Gabriela dos Anjos, Ballaminut Nara, Oliveira Luisa Helena dos Santos, Vitali Vera Maria Valle, Matheus, Dácio Roberto 166 PO-130 PRODUCTION OF COCOA BUTTER LIPIDS IN CELL SUSPENSION CULTURES OF THEOBROMA CACAO L 167 Adriana Gallego Rúa, Luisa Rojas Hoyos, Lucía Atehortúa Garcés AUTHOR INDEX 169 SUBJECT INDEX 177 PLENARY LECTURES World Biotechnology Congress 2013 1 PL-41 DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF OBESITY ASSOCIATED WITH ADENOVIRUS 36 INFECTION Richard L. Atkinson Virginia Commonwealth University, Obetech Obesity Research Center, Richmond, VA, USA; E-mail: ratkinson2@vcu.edu Abstract: Obesity has increased dramatically in most countries of the world, starting about 1980. QuickTime™ and a The etiology of this epidemic is poorly understood and many clinicians, government officials and neededdecompressor to see this picture. members of the lay public believe that changes in behavior, increased portion sizes, fast foods, and labor saving devices are responsible. The epidemic has affected both developed and developing countries. These factors vary dramatically across countries, so other potential explanations have been sought, such as changes in global environmental factors. Two candidate factors that may have contributed to the obesity epidemic are infection and industrial pollutants. There is little firm evidence for global pollution as a major contributor to the obesity epidemic, but infection has stronger support. Eight viruses have been shown to increase adiposity in animals and attention has focused on human adenoviruses. Three human adenoviruses, Adv36, Adv37, and Adv5 have been shown to cause obesity in animals. Of these, only Adv36 has been associated with human obesity. When Adv36 is experimentally introduced nasally or intraperitoneally into chickens, mice, rats, and monkeys, a high percentage become fat, including 100% of monkeys. Visceral or total adipose tissue mass increased 50% to >100% in chickens and mice and about 70% in monkeys. Humans have been evaluated for Adv36 infection in multiple countries by testing for Adv36 antibodies. The gold standard serum neutralization assay is very cumbersome and expensive. A new ELISA assay has been developed that is less expensive and faster. About 30% of obese children and adults have been infected compared to about 10%-20% of non-obese. However, the prevalence of Adv36 infection varies widely, from only 6% in Belgium/Holland to 65% in Italy. With the exception of Belgium/Holland, all other countries have shown a prevalence of Adv36 antibodies in obesity that is above 20%. Children are particularly interesting since the association of Adv36 infection and obesity is strong and consistent in children. Six studies involving over 2000 children from the Czech Republic, Korea, Sweden, and the USA have shown that the prevalence in obese children averages 28% and in lean children about 20%. One study showed that overweight children had a higher prevalence of Adv36 than did obese, but this has not been well studied in other populations. The mechanisms by which Adv36 causes obesity appear to be peripheral. Adv36 is a upper respiratory virus and in the initial stages of the infection, the virus replicates, kills the cells of the upper respiratory tract, and releases large amounts of new virus into the bloodstream. The viremia spreads the virus to all tissues of the body. Viral particles enter the cells and the viral DNA migrates to the nucleus where instead of causing replication as it does in the upper respiratory epithelium, it initiates a cascade of molecular changes that enhance production of enzymes and transcription factors particularly in the glucose handling and lipid pathways. Glucose receptors in the cell membrane of adipocytes are up-regulated through the Ras pathway independent of insulin. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) mRNA also is up-regulated and the combination of increased glucose transport into the cells and production of fatty acids by the FAS leads to accumulation of lipids within the cells. The PPAR-ɣ pathway is stimulated, which results in recruitment of new adipocytes from adult stem cells and preadipocytes in the adipose tissue. Thus, both cell size and cell number are increased. The gene in Adv36 responsible for this effect is the E4orf1 gene. When this gene is blocked, the adiposity effects goes away; and when E4orf1 is cut out and transfected via lentivirus, this reproduces the Adv36 adiposity effect. Obesity due to Adv36 raises a host of questions in the areas of policy and in treatment. Currently obesity treatment is not covered by many insurance companies and government programs since obesity is considered a “behavioral problem.” Identification of a medical etiology of obesity that may strike any individual should mandate a reevaluation of policies for the treatment of obesity and at least Adv36-induced obesity should be covered by insurance. The use of obesity drugs currently is highly limited, especially outside of the United States. In the USA obesity drugs are limited to individuals who are above a BMI of 30 or above BMI 27.5 with a co-morbidity. Physicians may be sanctioned by their state Medical Boards if they use obesity drugs in patients with BMIs lower than this. However, obesity drugs are more effective in preventing weight gain than they are in producing weight loss. The use of obesity drugs in a non-obese person who is infected with Adv36 and is gaining weight is a more rational mode of treatment. This will require changes in regulations and may dramatically increase the use of current obesity drugs on the market if as many as 10%-20% of non-obese people infected with Adv36 need treatment. Research is needed to identify anti-viral agents that can block the effects of the E4orf1 gene and prevent Adv36-induced obesity. The major advance for Adv36-induced disease will be the commercialization of a vaccine 2 Plenary Lectures against Adv36. Current studies in animals show effectiveness of an Adv36 vaccine and this line of research seems to hold great promise. CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT Richard Atkinson is the owner of Obetech, LLC. This company provides assays for adenoviruses that produce obesity and has several patents and patent applications regarding virus-induced obesity including diagnostic assays, vaccine, and antiviral agents. PL-76 THE TUMOUR SUPPRESSOR P53: FROM STRUCTURE TO DRUG DISCOVERY Sir Alan Fersht MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK; E-mail: arf25@cam.ac.uk The tumour suppressor p53 is the most frequently mutated gene in cancer. If p53 and its pathways are functional, then cancer cells are doomed to self-destruct. Some 70% of human cancer types have mutations directly inactivating p53, and we have found that some 30%-40% of mutations function by simply lowering the stability of the protein. Further, p53 is kinetically unstable and the mutants even more so. The temperature sensitive mutants rapidly aggregate and may seed the aggregations of wildtype p53. Such seeding could lead to the mutant having negative dominance in cells that have both wild-type and mutant alleles. We are analysing the mechanism of aggregation and developing drugs to inhibit it. We have shown in principle that it is possible to reactivate p53 by small molecules that bind to and stabilise it. To understand further the structure of the protein and hence the rational design of drugs, we solved the structure of the most common oncogenic mutants at high resolution. One mutant, Tyr-220 mutated to Cys, Y220C is an excellent paradigm for drug design studies. The mutation Y220C occurs in about 70,000 to 80,000 new cases of cancer per annum. The mutant is highly destabilized and denatures rapidly at body temperature. Our structural studies revealed that the mutation forms a surface cavity that appears a prime target for small molecules to bind to and stabilise the protein. This cavity is far away from the binding and functional sites of the molecule and so drugs binding here should not inhibit the activity of the protein. Furthermore, those molecules should not bind to wild-type protein. In silico design identified a series of molecules that might bind in the cavity. We screened those and the second and third generation derivatives and found small compounds of drug-like properties that raise the melting temperature of the mutants and restore its activity. Our studies have now reached the stage where we can rescue the activity of Y220C in cancer cell lines, induce its normal responses and apoptosis with appropriate controls that we are not looking at artefacts seen in other studies. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 3 PL-2 ADVANCES IN THE CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF SYNTHETIC THYMOSINS IN TREATING LIFE-THREATENING DISEASES Allan L. Goldstein Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA; E-mail: bcmalg@gwu.edu In my presentation, I will report on recent advances and future prospects for the use of thymosins in clinical medicine. Two of these molecules, Thymosin α1 (Tα1) and Thymosin 4 (T 4), have been synthesized by solid-phase methodology and have reached the clinic. Tα1 (Trade name Zadaxin) is approved in 35 countries for the treatment of hepatitis B and C, and as an immune stimulant and adjuvant [1]. The most recent reports of clinical trials with Tα1 are pointing to important, hitherto unrecognized, applications in a number of diseases and disorders, including septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, peritonitis, acute cytomegalovirus infection, TB, and lung infections in critically ill patients. It is also emerging as a promising chemo-protective agent in patients undergoing chemotherapy and in the treatment of late stage melanoma in combination with chemotherapy. T 4 is the first of the synthesized -thymosins to reach the clinic. Many of its activities directly affect the repair and regeneration cascade following injury. For example, T 4 guides progenitor stem cells from the outer layer of the heart to repair tissue sites within the heart after a heart attack and stimulates oligodendrogenesis in the brain. T 4 also has been found to protect cells and tissues from further damage and to reduce apoptosis, inflammation, and microbial growth. In experimental studies in mice, rats, rabbits and pigs, T 4’s activities centering around wound healing have provided the scientific foundation for ongoing and projected human trials (phase I and II) in the treatment of dermal wounds, eye injuries, repair of the heart following an acute myocardial infarction and in the brain following stroke, trauma or neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis, and peripheral neuropathies [2]. In the results of two early phase II trials in patients with dry eye, T 4 was found to significantly improve several signs and symptoms of dry eye, as well as to show positive trends in other outcome measures. The availability of a number of synthetic thymosin peptides like Tα1 and T 4 has significantly accelerated animal experimentation in the field and is helping researchers to consider a number of new and novel clinical applications. In recently published studies, RGN-259 was shown to be an effective promoter of corneal healing in patients with chronic, medically unresponsive, non-healing corneal defects related to loss of corneal innervation primarily associated with diabetes and neurotrophic keratitis due to herpes zoster, and in patients with moderate to severe dry eye. References [1] [2] Goldstein AL and Goldstein AL. From lab to bedside: emerging clinical applications of thymosin alpha 1. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 9(5): 593-608. 2009. Goldstein AL, Hannappel E, Sosne G, and Kleinman HK. Thymosin 4: a multi-functional regenerative peptide. Basic properties and clinical applications. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 12(1): 37-51. 2012. 4 Plenary Lectures PL-1 HYPOLIPIDEMIC DRUGS: LOOKING FROM THE PAST TO THE FUTURE Antonio M. Gotto, Jr. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; E-mail: dlleland@med.cornell.edu Hypolipidemic agents have evolved and been in clinical use for over fifty years, while new targets and therapeutic approaches to lipid modification and cardiovascular risk reduction continue to emerge. Early cholesterol-lowering drugs, including nicotinic acid, bile acid resins, and clofibrate, provided initial evidence to support the lipid hypothesis. However, development and subsequent testing of the statins was necessary to confirm the link between plasma lipids and cardiovascular disease. Since the introduction of the first statin, other agents derived from fungi as well as synthetic compounds have been developed that share the same mechanism of action but have varying potency and pharmacokinetic properties. Initially developed as an inhibitor of acyl CoA:cholesterol acyl transferase, ezetimibe is another hypolipidemic agent that acts by inhibiting intestinal cholesterol absorption. The class of fibrates stimulates the activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors to favorably modify the lipid profile. Recently approved drugs for the treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia include lomitapide, a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor, and mipomersen, an antisense therapeutic targeting apolipoprotein B-100. As new data on established hypolipidemic agents continue to accumulate, future approaches are being tested. These experimental strategies, which include inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein, anti-inflammatory approaches, and inhibition of PCSK9, have the potential to address the residual cardiovascular risk that persists even with optimal statin therapy. PL-77 IN SEARCH OF THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER Paul Greengard The Rockefeller University and Director of The Fisher Center for Alzheimer's Research, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; E-mail: dpoulter@rockefeller.edu Our research group is investigating the molecular and cellular basis of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). We have found that a protein called p11 (S100A10, a member of the S100 family of proteins) plays a central role in the regulation of mood. Constitutive p11 knockout mice manifest a depressive phenotype and exhibit a loss of neurogenic response and behavioral response to antidepressant agents. The depressive phenotype seen in the constitutive p11 knockout mice is attributable to giant cholinergic interneurons in the nucleus accumbens. The loss of behavioral response to antidepressants can be mimicked by deletion of p11 either from layer 5a cortical projection neurons or from mossy cells and basket cells in the hippocampus. The antidepressant action of p11 and its binding partner, annexin A2, is mediated through binding of the (p11)2 (annexinA2)2 heterotetramer to a chromatin-remodeling factor, SMARCA3. SMARCA3, in turn, mediates the neurogenic and behavioral actions of the antidepressants. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 5 PL-40 iPS CELL TECHNOLOGY AND DISEASE RESEARCH: ISSUES TO BE RESOLVED Rudolf Jaenisch Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02124, USA; Tel: jaenisch@wi.mit.edu The recent demonstration of in vitro reprogramming using transduction of 4 transcription factors by Yamanaka and colleagues represents a major advance in the field. Direct reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be achieved by over-expression of the Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc transcription factors. This approach will allow the generation of patient specific iPS cells that can be used to study complex human diseases in the Petri dish. Progress in using iPS cells for therapy and for the study of complex human diseases will be summarized. The presence of reprogramming vectors in the iPS cells and the inefficiency of gene targeting represent two important impediments for realizing the potential of ES and iPS cells to study human diseases. We have designed strategies that efficiently allow the generation of vector-free iPS cells. In addition, we have used Zn finger and TALEN mediated genome editing to establish efficient protocols to target expressed as well as silent genes in human ES and iPS cells. Examples will be presented that use patient derived iPS cells in combination with the gene editing technology to set up in vitro systems for studying diseases. PL-113 CLICK CHEMISTRY TODAY Karl Barry Sharpless The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; E-mail: sharples@scripps.edu The rapid discovery of new and/or desirable function, and that function’s equally rapid development into superior chemical products—that’s what click chemistry was created to do. Click chemistry’s method is linking up super-smart modules via a few near-quantitative steps; click chemistry’s reach and power are a factor of how nearly those linking reactions approach perfection. In 2001, this radical strategy was proposed to the world’s chemists on the strength of a few good reactions. Click chemistry really took off after the discovery (and rediscovery) of two or three near-perfect click reactions. QuickTime™ and a decompressor eeded to see this picture. The best reactions’ best applications will be discussed; opinions about low-utility uses of manpower and funds will be expressed; recent results will be presented. Finally, some hopes (predictions being incompatible with discovery science) for the future: seeing click chemistry-based strategies doing what they were invented, but aren’t used, to do: powering the rapid discovery of new and/or desirable function, and that function’s equally rapid development into superior chemical products. 6 Plenary Lectures PL-114 ROLE OF HUMORAL AND CELLULAR IMMUNITY IN MTB INFECTION Edmond J. Yunis Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; E-mail: ejy@partners.org The efficient interaction between innate an acquired immune responses is critical in the establishment of host-Mtb interaction and in the control of infection. Several cell types and molecules produced early in response to Mtb determine the establishment of the primary infection and the outcome of the disease; signaling mediated by a redundant interaction between Mtb and TLRs frequently induces an efficient innate activation of infected macrophages resulting in enhanced bacterial killing; TLRs and other innate receptors are involved in the connection of innate and adaptive responses but their role in the outcome of Mtb infection is not clear. The role of humoral immunity in the generation of antibody-mediated protective responses in Mtb infection is also important. Th-1 cells are proinflammatory and are involved in the progression of autoimmune diseases, whereas Th2 are involved in allergy. Immunity to Mtb depends on Th1-cell activity (IFN- and IL-12 and the production of TNF-α), but Th1 immunity alone is not sufficient to protect the host from Mtb infection and disease outcome. Additional T cell subpopulations include Th17, Treg, Th22, and humoral immunity are necessary. Th17 cells are capable of inducing inflammation and autoimmunity but are necessary in latent Mtb infection. Also, IL-10 have been involved in the stimulation of Th2 responses antibody production and tuberculin anergy. IL-19, IL-27, and IL-35 in infections such as TB and in autoimmune diseases needs to be investigated. TNF-α plays relevant role in the defense against Mtb; TNF-α blockers have deleterious effects on the development of effective immune responses to many microorganisms, including Mtb. Further research focused on the mechanisms of bacterial control in individuals exposed to but not infected with Mtb and the capacity to develop latent forms of infection is needed, including the role of BCG vaccination in humoral Mtv immunity. Possibly maintenance of LTBI is influenced by the continuous exposure to environmental mycobacteria or the continuous exposure to microbioma (Possible cross-reactivity) that is critical to induce the expression of genes associated with inflammation and antimicrobial defense. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular responses against Mtb is needed to develop novel therapeutic and prophylactic strategies. KEYNOTE LECTURES World Biotechnology Congress 2013 7 KNL-44 Track: Regenerative Medicine CROSS-TALK & DEVELOPMENTAL PROGRAMS – A KEY TO TRANSLATIONAL STEM CELL BIOLOGY Evan Y. Snyder Sanford|Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA The therapeutic utility of stem cells is rooted in an understanding -- and exploitation -- of their natural role from earliest development to life’s end. Their “job” is first to participate in organogenesis and then to maintain homeostasis of that organ (e.g., the nervous system) in the face of perturbations. Accomplishment of these goals requires numerous actions, cell replacement representing but one. The tasks, in fact, require extensive cross-talk between multiple cell types (including stem cell-derived progeny themselves) and the unfolding of complex developmental programs. This complexity actually enriches the therapeutic potential of the stem cell. We study the behavior of neural stem cells (NSCs) in various models of injury and degeneration. During neurodegeneration and inflammation, factors are transiently elaborated which draw NSCs (even over great distances) to engage the “niche” and attempt restoration of equipoise by a variety of mechanisms. These actions include differentiating towards the replacement of impaired neural cells, both neurons and non-neuronal “chaperone” cells, all of which are essential for restitution of function. NSCs elaborate factors that promote neuroprotection, trophic support, differentiation, neuritogenesis, connectivity, angiogenesis, inhibition of inflammation and scarring. In addition to producing diffusible factors, NSCs communicate via gap junctions to re-equilibrate the intracellular metabolism of endangered neurons. NSCs may serve as vehicles for protein delivery enabling simultaneous cell and gene therapy. NSCs synergize with biomaterials to "re-engineer" damaged regions. Multimodal approaches are likely required for most neurological conditions; NSCs may serve as the “glue”. When studied in vitro (“development- or disease-in-adish”), NSCs may help identify novel mechanisms, drug targets, and the drugs themselves. While repair may entail recapitulating developmental programs, pathology (e.g., cancer) may represent the perversion of such programs. Thwarting such pathology, may involve the pharmacological re-establishment of the “proper” program. These various themes will be discussed. INVITED LECTURES 8 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 IL-102 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology SPECIFIC KNOCKDOWN OF TRANSITORY PROTEINS MEDIATED BY ER TARGETED INTRACELLULAR ANTIBODIES Thomas Böldicke Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department Molecular Biotechnology, Inhoffenstraße 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany; E-mail: Thomas.Boeldicke@helmholtz-hzi.de Intrabodies are recombinantly expressed intracellular antibody fragments that can inhibit the function of cellular proteins of interest. Intrabodies can be targeted to various cell compartments by fusion to an appropriate localization peptide. Intrabodies posses an excellent target site binding specificity. Hence they might complement knock-down approaches such as siRNA/shRNA or small molecule inhibitor applications in such cases in which these work inefficiently or induce disturbing off-target effects. An efficient strategy with a high success rate is to anchor intrabodies in the endoplasmatic reticulum (ER intrabodies). ER intrabodies can inhibit the function of transitory target proteins by preventing them to reach their site of action. Therefore this approach allows to assess the function of secretory proteins, cell surface molecules, intracellular receptors, ER or Golgi-apparatus localized enzymes. Relevant ER intrabody targets are for example oncogenic receptors or viral and host cell proteins, which are crucial for the entrance of a particular virus into the host cell or the assembly of the virus particles. In addition receptors of the immune system and proteins involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases have been successfully inactivated. ER intrabodies are a very attractive tool to specifically inhibit the function of intracellular localized proteins that cannot be targeted by classical monoclonal antibodies. In this respect the specific knockdown of TLR9 and of two Golgilocated enzymes (polysialyl tranferases ST8SiaII und ST8SiaIV) will be demonstrated. IL-132 Track: Regenerative Medicine TREATMENT WITH MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS (MSC) OF LESIONS INDUCED BY ACCIDENTAL IRRADIATION AND RADIOTHERAPY Alain Chapel Institute of Radiation and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of Man Radioprotection, Laboratory of Radio-Pathology and Innovative Therapies, IRSN/PRP-HOM/SRBE PO 17 F-92262 FAR, France; E-mail: alain.chapel@irsn.fr The IRSN (Institute for radiation and nuclear safety) is the French National Agency responsible for prevention and treatment of irradiation victims. Because the hemopoietic system is the first one to suffer from irradiation and recent developments in cell therapy have brought some hope for the treatment of tissue damages induced by irradiation, including the multi-organ failure syndrome, the IRSN has concluded a strong partnership with clinical department of haematology in Hospital Saint Antoine in Paris (France, Pr NC Gorin, Pr L Douay, MD J Voswinkel), with Military Blood Transfusion Center in Military PERCY Hospital in Clamart (France, Pr JJ Lataillade, MD E Bey) and our research team in cell therapy in 2003 with two major goals:   Develop a source of immature cells (Mesenchymal stem cells, iPS, etc….) which might be used for the treatment of irradiation victims Establish the clinical guidelines for the management of victims of accidental irradiation and provide the best supportive care to patients all over the world. Plenary Lectures 9 Since this partnership has been established and a common research lab developed both at hospital and at IRSN site (Fontenay aux Roses) several accidents have occurred, in Belgium, Chile, Peru, Japan and also in France at Epinal where a first cohort of 22 patients with prostate cancer has received a dose of irradiation 20% higher on irradiation fields 20% larger than initially planned. In addition, about 1.5 million patients undergo external radiotherapy each year in Europe. Acute adverse effects are present in 80% of them including late adverse effects in 5 to 10%. Unfrequently, as in Epinal (with recto-vesical fistulas) in 2005 these complications can lead to death. Alleviation or even eradication of radiation induced adverse events is therefore crucial. Our IRSN group has in the past five years contributed to (i) the understanding of the deleterious effects of therapeutic/accidental radiation on healthy tissues and (ii) their regeneration by MSC therapy. We have developed and tested cell therapy for protection against radiation side effects in several animal models, and we proposed mechanisms to explain the benefit brought by this new therapeutic approach. We established the proof of concept that MSC migrate to damaged tissues in the NOD/SCID immunotolerant mice model and in non-human primates (J Gen Med 2003, Blood 2004, Stem Cells 2006, Br J Radiol 2007). In the NOD/SCID mouse model, we showed that the intravenous injection of MSC (i) sustains haematopoiesis after total body irradiation (Blood 2004), (ii) improves wound healing after radiodermatitis (Annals of Hematology 2006) and (iii) protects gut function from irradiation damages (Adv Exp Med Biol. 2006). Thanks to a tight collaboration with clinicians from several French hospitals (Clinical trials…), we have been the only ones so far able to report successful treatments of therapeutic/accidental radiation damages in several victims with MSC injection. Haematopoiesis correction: In collaboration with Saint-Antoine Hospital (Paris, France), we first reported the haematopoiesis recovery in two patients with Bone Marrow failure (graft failure post grafting and Aplastic Anemia) after intravenous injection of MSC which restored the BM micro-environment, mandatory to sustain haematopoiesis after total body irradiation (Leukemia 2004, 2007). We also treated with the clinical team the first patients over irradiated in Epinal with infusion of MSC, following a specific mission form the ministry of health. Radio-induced burns: Cutaneous reactions are major actors in radiation accidents and a limitation for radiotherapy. In collaboration with Percy hospital (Clamart, France) we have shown for the first time the efficiency of MSC therapy in five patients with acute cutaneous and muscle damages following accidental irradiation delivered at doses and to fields higher than initially planned (Regen Med 2007, Health Phys 2010). Gastrointestinal disorder management: We demonstrated in the rat model that MSC restore gut functions after radiation damages (Cell Death and Differ 2010), through regulation of endogenous epithelial cell homeostasis (Methods Mol Biol, 2012). Four patients were successfully treated for pelvic overdose exposure (IJROBP in press, Cytotherapy in press). Cell therapy combining different sources of adult stem cells (endothelial progenitor, gingival fibroblast) is under investigation and is being tested in preclinical models of radio induced damage (Art Thromb Vasc Biol 2009, Haematologica 2012, Plos One 2012). In parallel, we started analyzing potential side effects after injection (Tissue Cell 2010). 10 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 IL-127 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing SYNERGISM OF THE LIFE SCIENTIST AND CHEMICAL ENGINEER: THE SALT AND PEPPER IN BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH Kim G. Clarke Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; E-mail: kclarke@sun.ac.za Biotechnology is an expansive field incorporating expertise in both the life science and engineering disciplines. In biotechnology, the life scientist is concerned with developing the most favourable biocatalysts, while the engineer is directed towards process performance, defining conditions and strategies that will maximize the production potential of the biocatalyst. Increasingly, the synergistic effect of the contributions of engineering and life sciences is recognised as key to the translation of new bioproducts from the laboratory bench to commercial bioprocess. Fundamental to the successful realization of the bioprocess, then, is a need to generate and exploit core competencies of the rich diversity of biotechnology disciplines and their interdependence, and to foster an appreciation of the challenges associated with the evaluation of biological systems from a cross-disciplinary viewpoint. During the presentation, this philosophy will be developed with reference to some current research foci in our laboratory, namely Bacillus lipopeptides for biological control of post-harvest phytopathogens, renewable fuel from patented bacterial Zymomonas sp. and oxygen transfer for hydrocarbon bioconversions. IL-99 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: biopharmaceuticals discovery (CNS, cancer, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune); vaccines; antibodies; protein engineering NEW PHARMACOPHORES FROM BIOTRANSFORMATION TECHNIQUES EXISTING DRUGS BY EMPLOYING M. Iqbal Choudhary and Atta-ur-Rahman International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry and Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan; E-mail: iqbal.choudhary@iccs.edu Biocatalysis or biotransformation is an important field of biotechnology, which utilizes the catalytic potential of biological systems, such as microorganisms, cells, and pure enzymes for the synthesis of non structural analogues. The process can be successfully utilized for the expansion of molecular diversity around the active core of a compound. The process is also considered as the best tool in medicinal chemistry for the introduction or modification of specific functionalities at the positions difficult to access by conventional chemical methods. The mild conditions, high regio- and stereo-selectivity, low cost, mild and environment friendly reaction conditions and lack of side reactions are the major advantages to extensively employ this method for the structure modifications. In last two decades, this methodology has become an indispensable tool for asymmetric synthesis, not only in academic research but also at the industrial scale. There is a need to fully exploit the potential of biotransformation in creating new and novel chemical space for the discovery of lead molecules against prevalent diseases. During this presentation, recent developments in biotransformation technologies and the potential of microbes and plant and animal cell cultures to create new molecular entities from the existing compounds will be presented. This includes our efforts to use whole microbial and plant cell suspension cultures for the structural transformations of various classes of bioactive compounds and drug entities, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, oral contraceptive, and other agents. Plenary Lectures 11 The main objective of the on-going research study is to discover new and effective lead molecules from existing one, with improved therapeutic activity against various biological targets. IL-43 Track: Medical Biotechnology BIOMARKER OF OBESITY LINKING ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE Sisir K. Dutta1, Somiranjan Ghosh1, Kareem Washington2, Tomas Trnovec3, and Lubica Palkovicova3 1 Department of Biology, Howard University, 415 College Street, NW, Room# 335, EE Just Hall, Washington DC 20059, USA; E-mail: sdutta@howard.edu 2 Department of Medical Genetics, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA 3 Department of Environmental Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Over the last several decades, the prevalence of obesity has risen sharply in most countries worldwide. Obesity, like other complex diseases is caused by complex multifactorial interaction between genetic, behavioral and environmental factors. While there has been established an important genetic component to obesity, the recent epidemic of obesity cannot be due to genetic risk-allele changes only in the population and therefore must represent heritable variation due to changes in environmental influences and environmentally controlled genes. The emerging hypothesis based on data from several chemicals in animal studies and epidemiological information is that the obesity epidemic could be due to chemical exposures of genetically controlled development pathways leading to metabolic disorders during vulnerable windows of development, mainly in utero and the first few years of life. There are significant data supporting the idea and role of maternal diet during fetal development and the etiology of metabolic syndrome. While there are no data linking developmental exposures to environmental chemicals to actual metabolic syndrome, there are data showing effects of exposures on the development of obesity. Among them, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) may be particularly interesting because, low dose PCBs were strongly linked to type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome, in all of which obesity is believed to play a critical role. Although PCBs have not been used commercially since 1977, in the US, they can still be detected in human blood and tissues. This remains a persistent problem causing deleterious health effects, especially in Eastern Europe, China, and worldwide. During the last decade, with the advent of genomics and advances in molecular biology, there have been increasing interests in the use of gene(s)/pathways (genes in panel) as biomarkers in epidemiological research to enhance toxic exposure assessment. In an effort to achieve these goals, an elaborate gene expression and relevant disease pathway analysis were conducted among neonates who had attained 45-months age, from an existing mother-child birth cohort over Affymetrix platform using HG U133 Plus 2.0 Array, and were analyzed by Partek® Genomics Suite™. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software was employed to evaluate the functional association of genes and their pathways, underlying the consequences of developing diseases. In a mechanistic approach, isolated human PBMC cells were exposed to the mixture of five human equivalence PCBs congeners (PCB-118, 138, 153, 170, 180 of Slovak exposed population) for a period of 48 hours. High-throughput qRT-PCR [Taqman Low Density Array (TLDA)] was performed to further validate two of the selected differentially expressed genes, LEPR, RRAD (selective signature biomarkers), in both in vitro and human populationbased studies. Among the top canonical pathways, Insulin Receptor signaling, Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Signaling, and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling, were statistically shown to be variably expressed. These pathways are associated with disease development, e.g., Endocrine System disorders, Metabolic diseases, akin to strong resemblance with epidemiological studies. Using this relevant gene information and pathways (genes in panel), predictive for the respective disease pathways' process, our group has identified the genes that are significant within the specific pathway level leading to diseases. Highly beneficial to predictive approaches to disease prevention, before clinical symptoms arise, this application measures the biological responses to an environmental stressor. Obesity is notoriously difficult to treat; however, the present investigation sponsored by NIEHS (NIH) provides a better understanding of the etiology of obesity which is critical to developing primary prevention strategies. The optimistic view is that if the chemicals that are contributing to increasing environmental risk factors that decrease the populations’ threshold contributing to the obesity epidemic are removed from products that are primary contributors to human 12 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 exposure, there would be reason to hope that the current trend of increasing obesity epidemic worldwide can be controlled. IL-4 Track: Medical Biotechnology NK-IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS A.M. Laureano1,2, J. Humphries1, A. Singh, C. Denman1, S. Somanchi1, D.A. Lee1, L. Silla2, L. Cooper1, and V. Gopalakrishnan1,3 1 Departments of Pediatrics Research and 3Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; E-mail: vgopalak@mdanderson.org; 2 Programa de Pos-Graducao em Ciencias Medicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Patients that survive medulloblastoma (MB) and Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumors (ATRT) are at substantial risk for recurrence and metastasis and unfortunately therapeutic options for these patients are not available. We have developed immunotherapy based on the adoptive transfer of natural killer (NK) cells as a candidate approach. Using platform technologies developed at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) using artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPC), we have expanded clinical-grade NK cells that express high levels of a number of cell-surface receptors, cytokines and ligands that are known facilitators of NK recognition of tumor cells and enhanced cytolytic activity. Consistent with this prediction, aAPC propagated NK cells from a number of donors exhibited significant cytolytic activity towards established MB and ATRT cell lines and patient tumor-derived primary cultures in vitro. NK cells injected intratumorally in the cerebellum of immunodeficient mice persisted for over three weeks and significantly blocked tumor growth compared to untreated control animals. These findings suggest adoptive immunotherapy based on NK therapy may have clinical applications for fourth ventricular tumors such as MB and ATRT. IL-91 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing MODIFIED SOPHOROLIPIDS PROVIDE AN EXCITING PLATFORM FOR NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IN A WIDE RANGE OF APPLICATIONS Richard A. Gross Polytechnic Institute of NYU, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201, Founder and Chief Technology Officer: SyntheZyme, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201; E-mail: rgross@poly.edu Sophorolipids (SLs) are a group of glycolipid biosurfactants produced by non-pathogenic yeast strains such as Candida bombicola ATCC 22214. Their production in volumetric yields approaching 200 g/L, and phase separation from cultures facilitating their isolation, makes SLs interesting targets for industrial production. They primarily consist of the disaccharide sophorose linked most often to the hydroxyl group at the penultimate position of oleic acid. Sophorolipids are normally produced in mixtures consisting of a ring-open form as a macrolactone acetylated to various degrees at primary sophorose hydroxyls. When SLs are used as mixtures of their natural components, they have mild anti-microbial and surfactant properties. SyntheZyme has focused on developing modified forms of sophorolipids (MSLs) that strongly enhance performance value in use and competitive cost performance vs. currently existing bio-based and petrochemical products. This presentation will focus on strategies for sophorolipid modification that provide a diverse group of compounds by generally simple chemical processes. The development of modified sophorolipids and formulations thereof has resulted in extraordinarily high antimicrobial Plenary Lectures 13 activity on a range of plant and human pathogens as well as bio-fouling/biofilm bacteria. SyntheZyme has discovered how manipulating the structure of MSL’s provides a platform of compounds for oil solubilization of importance for foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, crude oil recovery and more. Finally, work will be described showing that natural and modified forms of SLs have important biological properties that alter the production of inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, inflammatory cells and more. In conclusion, SyntheZyme has found that MSLs provide a platform technology that can address a wide range of industrially important problems and offer exciting opportunities for new product innovation and development. IL-115 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing NOVEL CELLULASE PREPARATIONS FOR HIGHLY-EFFICIENT SACCHARIFICATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS Alexander V. Gusakov Department of Chemistry, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; E-mail: avgusakoff@yandex.ru; A.N.Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia Enzyme cost is one of the crucial factors in economically feasible production of second generation biofuels, such as ethanol or butanol derived from plant lignocellulosic biomass. The major components of the lignocellulosic feedstock are cellulose and hemicelluloses. Cellulases and hemicellulases, catalyzing the biodegradation of these polysaccharides into soluble fermentable sugars, are typically produced by industrial strains of filamentous fungi. In order to realize the biotechnology of the biomass conversion to liquid fuels and other useful products on large-scale, different tasks should be solved. One of the most important tasks is finding more active cellulases and their producers. Since 1970s mutant strains of Trichoderma reesei have been considered indisputable champions in cellulase production and enzyme activity among the biomass-degrading fungi. So, it is not surprising that most of R&D projects on bioethanol production from lignocellulosics have been based on T. reesei cellulases. However, recent data from different laboratories have increasingly demonstrated that alternatives to T. reesei enzymes in saccharification of lignocellulosic feedstocks exist. In particular, some fungal species belonging to the genera Penicillium as well as mutant strains of Myceliophthora thermophila may represent such alternatives. The strategy of creating the highly-effective cellulase fungal producers included the following steps:     Finding out the key enzymes responsible for the biodegradation of different lignocellulosic residues; Rational design of multienzyme compositions for efficient lignocellulosic hydrolysis; testing various enzyme mixes on different pretreated biomass samples; Increasing the secretion of the key enzymes; cloning and homologous or heterologous expression of the missing enzymes and/or deletion of useless genes; Production of the optimal multienzyme compositions using recombinant mutant fungal strains with high protein production ability. When equalized either by cellulase activity or by protein concentration in the reaction system, novel enzyme preparations produced by Penicillium and M. thermophila mutant strains usually displayed higher saccharification performance in hydrolysis of different lignocellulosic residues than commercial cellulase preparations produced by modern mutant strains of T. reesei or, at least, were comparable to them by saccharification performance. Some of the novel mutant fungal strains provided protein production on a level with the highest standards for protein production by fungi. 14 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 IL-78 Track: Industrial & Manufacturing (bio-fuels; energy crops (cellulosic ethanol industry); industrial enzymes; bioprocess engineering and optimization). UTILIZING PLANT PRODUCED ENZYMES FOR BIOMASS CONVERSION Elizabeth E. Hood and John A. Howard Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas Applied Biotechnology Institute, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA; E-mail: ehood@astate.edu A strategy designed to use lignocellulose for fuel or bio-products must include the ability to efficiently convert the polysaccharide and lignin components of plant cell walls to simple sugars and phenolic monomers, respectively. Deconstruction of lignocellulose can be accomplished by the environmentally friendly method using enzymes. With the current state of technology for biomass conversion, the overwhelming enzyme requirement is for cellulases: endo-cellulase, exo-cellulase and glucosidase. The specific activity of most cellulases is quite low and much effort has focused on increasing their activity levels. However, even with improved enzymes and improved methods of production, the amount of cellulase required to deconstruct the volumes of biomass necessary for 30% replacement of gasoline is millions of tons. This is an unprecedented challenge in terms of the amount of enzymes and the extremely low cost that is required for competitively priced biofuels. In addition, the amount of upfront capital required for microbial fermenter capacity is also problematic. If the enzyme load was 100 g/gallon at a cost of $0.17/gallon, a total capital investment of over ~$60 billion dollars would be required to return gross annual revenues of ~$6 billion. This situation has led many groups to investigate ways to reduce this cost burden. Our research at Arkansas Biosciences Institute and Infinite Enzymes, LLC has focused on using the plant production system as an inexpensive way to produce the limiting enzyme activities necessary for biomass conversion. The bioprocessing challenge for transgenic tissue with enzymes is to deliver formulated enzyme preparations to a saccharification facility at the lowest possible cost. Protein and tissue stability, tissue fractionation, protein extraction and formulation, as well as storage and transportation all add to this cost. To achieve production cost targets for biomass enzymes the following considerations must be employed: 1) eliminate transportation cost by integrating enzyme processing into biomass conversion facility; 2) minimize fractionation/extraction cost of transgenic material; 3) reduce the contribution of transgenic plant material to enzyme production cost by capturing plant biomass value through byproduct credits or cellulose. One of the most crucial assumptions today for plants is how well can the tissue accumulate the cellulase enzymes. Little experience is yet achieved with plants as compared to microbial cultures to know what the uppermost accumulation levels can be. Therefore, the model used for plants is based on the level of accumulation required for plants to be at par with the cost of microbial production. There is every reason to believe that expression levels will continue to improve in plants as it is a relatively young science. If instead of extracting the enzymes we can use plant material directly, our model predicts that cellulase accumulation levels of 1.5% dry weight are needed to match comparable microbiallyproduced cellulase. In addition, there is the benefit of a much lower capital investment. The other practical consideration is the acreage required to grow crops to produce this amount of enzyme. We modeled this concept previously considering the proximity limitations of the lignocellulosic biomass to the biofuel facility to avoid transportation costs. In summary, plant production systems that accumulate cellulase in the normally unused or low value portion of the plants are now approaching competitive cost structure with microbial systems. Plenary Lectures 15 IL-3 Track:Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae. GMOS IN EUROPE Jan Káš Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická 3, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; E-mail: Jan.Kas@vscht.cz EU and USA have divergent approaches towards handling with genetically modified organisms. Main public attention is paid to introduction and marketing of genetically modified crops, food and seeds. Since about 1980 the regulation of health safety and environmental risks are generally much stricter in EU than in USA. EU accepted Cartagena protocol and implemented it in its legislative as well as it was done by its individual member states. The precautionary principle and recently also so called social and economic aspects which were included to the decision process of the risks assesment are the main reasons to prevent or delay GMOs approval. The restrictive policy of EU is not restrictive enough for some European states (e.g. Greece, Austria) and they require to have possiblity to ban food and feed of GM origine at all. At present time, although diferent plant varieties are approved for release to environment (i.e. for agricultural use) in EU (see http://www.gmo-compass.org/eu/home) only one transgenic crop (Bt maize) is now commercially planted in EU. Bt maize is planted only in six countries (Spain, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Portugal, Romania and Poland) from 27 EU member states at very low area of agricultural land (about 0.3 mil. ha). Planting of transgenic potatoes in Germany, Sweden and Czech Republic has been stopped. Transgenic soy is approved for import as a feed component of domestic animals. Although the public fear from the danger of GM-foods and even GM-feed is high the research in transgenic plants and effort of the scientists to explain that these fears are groundless is continuing. For instance, Czech scientists published “White book of genetically modified crops - Scientific opinion of Czech researches working with GMO” (Eds. F.Sehnal and J. Drobnik, ISBN 978-80-86668-05-3). Czech Ministry of Agriculture described in detail commercial planting of Bt-maize in Czech Republic in a booklet “Experiences with planting of genetically modified Bt maize in Czech Republic in the years 2005-2009” (M. Křístková, ISBN (978-80-7084-893-7). Another publication “Genetic modifications – Their use and management, Czech Republic” describes the legislative framework, handling and monitoring of GMOs in Czech Republic and bringing links to related topics (M. Roudná, ISBN 978-80-7212-511-1). In the range of field trials, both for intended commercialization and research purposes, many projects were performed or are still continuing (e.g. potatoes with modified sugar content, changed composition of starch polysaccharides or resistance against infection, virus-resistant plum trees, flax with changed linseed oil properties, trees for bioremediation, resistance against illnesses, growth acceleration or changed technological properties of wood). Further projects are realized in the category of so called “contained use” (in laboratory scale). The most promising are the experiments testing the application of transgenic plants for the production of various recombinant proteins for research and medical applications (e.g. antibodies). The regime of “contained use” is applied in Europe without obstacles and thus in this area will appear soon many possibilities of practical use. There are perspectives not only in the application of plants but, as well as, in the use of transgenic animals. In this respect I would like to mention the transgenic miniature pig as a model for studying Huntington´s disease investigated in the Research Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic in Liběchov near Prague. 16 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 IL-14 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing A NOVEL SECONDARY METABOLISM GENE PREDICTION COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF FUNGAL GENOMES METHOD TOWARD Masayuki Machida1,2, I. Takeda1,2, M. Umemura1, H. Koike1, H. Hagiwara1, Y. Miyamura1, T. Kumagai1, G. Terai1 and K. Asai1 1 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 2-17-2-1 TsukisamuHigashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8517 Japan; E-mail: m.machida@aist.go.jp 2 Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT) Sequencing fungal genomes and successive comparative genomic analysis has revealed that fungal genomes have much higher number of secondary metabolism (SM) genes than that expected before sequencing. Interestingly, they are highly enriched on non-syntenic blocks (NSBs), which gives us useful information to quickly identifythose genes [1]. Nevertheless, significantly higherdivergenceof SM genes than so called common genes among species located on syntenic blocks (SBs) [2] and limited conditions for expressing the genes makes their analysis extremely difficult even by using cutting-edge genomics technologies. We have demonstrated time- and cost-effective platform of analyzing fungal genomes including sequencing, annotating genomes and predicting genes responsible for secondary metabolites. In order to increase possibility and to decrease time for the detection of wide-range of novel SM gene clusters including those without any knowledge regarding motifsand functions from the sequence, we have developed comparative method by introducing sensitive and high performance gene aligning algorithm. By using the method, we have successfully detected all the SM gene clusters that had been already known including aflatoxin, sterigmatocystin, lovastatin, penicillin, fumonisin, gliotoxin, kojic acid and so on using 10 sequenced genomes,which were A. oryzae, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, A. flavus, A. terreus, F. oxysporum, F. graminearum, F. verticillioides, M. griseaand C. globosum. This method is complementary to another SM gene cluster prediction method based on transcriptome that we have developed. Combination of the two methods allows SM gene cluster prediction more accurate and comprehensive. References [1] [2] Machida et al., Nature, 438, 1157-1161 (2005) Umemura et al., DNA Res., 375-382 (2012) IL-101 Track: Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae. EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA OIL ON EXPERIMENTAL TOXOPLASMOSIS Rasha F. Mady and Wessam El-Hadidi Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; E-mail: roshykareem@yahoo.com Toxoplasmosis is parasitic infection caused by a protozoon called Toxoplasma gondii. The infection is most commonly acquired from contact with cats or eating undercooked meat. It was estimated that more than 60 million people in the United States may carry the Toxoplasma parasite, but the disease is fatal only in immunosuppressed patients. Combination treatment is the most common to attack toxoplasmosis. Nigella sativa was known since ancient times by its immunostimulant effect, and, its oil extract contains the highly effective substance, Nigellone . The aim of this study was to assess therapeutic effects of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) alone and combined with clindamycin compared with the previous combination clindamycin with pyrimethamine. All infected mice were sacrificed on the fifth day post infection. Survival rates, impression smears, histopathological studies were done. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined in the liver tissues as biomarkers for oxidative stress of the parasite and antioxidant effect of the oil combination. Moreover, IFN-ᵞ and IgM were also measured in serum by ELISA. Result showed that, treatment with NSO combined with clindamycin had significantly increased the survival rate and decreased the parasite density in Plenary Lectures 17 different organs. Marked reduction in the pathological changes in the liver due to excellent stimulation of immunity was achieved following oil combination treatment. Also, significant increase in, IFN-ᵞ and IgM levels denoting stimulation of both cellular and humoral immunity. NSO combination markedly improved the antioxidant capacity of Toxoplasma infected mice compared to the infected-untreated ones and other drug combination. Future studies are recommended to evaluate NSO against challenge with the avirulent Toxoplasma strain as a chronic infection model. IL-60 Track: Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY IN MITIGATING THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS Ravi Naidu Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes SA 5095 Australia; E-mail: Ravi.Naidu@crccare.com Environmental biotechnology is the use or development of biological material to solve the environmental issues in a greener and sustainable way. Thus, environmental biotechnology offers solutions to some of the highly challenging and difficult environmental problems that humans face today. Such problems may include degraded land, air and water resources due to contamination, dwindling energy resources, food and shelter for ever increasing population, homeland security due to increasing terrorist threats and climate change. The Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRCCARE) and the Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation are research centres of national excellence in Australia focusing on developing cost effective, green and sustainable management strategies for environmental contamination issues. Since establishment ten years ago, these Centre scientists and engineers have been actively engaged in environmental biotechnology research and have accomplished some major successes in this area. To mention some, these include (i) the development of microbial fuel cells for simultaneous remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated water and generation of electricity, (ii) remediation of arsenic contaminated water using arsenic oxidising bacteria, (iii) development of photo-heterotrophic remediation system for remediation of polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminated soils, (iv) development of enzymes for remediation of organophosphate pesticides and (v) biosynthesis of nanoparticles for remediation of contaminants. Along with these biotechnology research the Centre has also conducted cutting edge research on contaminant bioavailability. This presentation will provide an overview of the global advances in environmental biotechnology, the opportunities and challenges in tackling the critical environmental challenges in addition to the CRCCARE’s research in this area. 18 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 IL-13 Track: Medical Biotechnology OUTLIER STATISTICS TO IDENTIFY PATHWAY DEREGULATION AND TARGETS IN CANCER Michael Ochs Comprehensive Cancer Center Johns Hopkins University,550 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205-2013, USA; E-mail: mfo@jhu.edu Signaling pathways play a critical role in the development and progression of cancer, and numerous novel therapeutics are in use or under development to disrupt aberrant signaling activity. However, global identification of aberrant activity in specific types of cancer and determination of specific aberrations in individual patients is problematic, since individual gene and protein aberrations vary between tumors of the same macro phenotype, which complicates statistical testing. We propose the use of outlier statistics linked to gene set analysis to determine aberrant pathways from diverse molecular data. Our method integrates multiple molecular genome-wide measurements, including expression, promoter methylation, and copy number variation, to identify shared aberrant pathway activity within a set of tumors. Our approach also identifies those genetic and epigenetic aberrations within specific individual tumors that drive pathway activity, providing individualized targets. The method requires no cross-normalization between different data types, greatly simplifying data integration and allowing easy integration of sequencing and array data. IL-12 Track: Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae PLANT AND MICROALGAE BIOMASS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOFUELS AND RESTORATION OF POLLUTED ENVIRONMENTS WITHIN A BIOREFINERY Eugenia J. Olguín Institute of Ecology, Xalapa, Veracruz, México; E-mail: eugenia.olguin@inecol.edu.mx There has been a trend in the last decade for producing biomass from plants and from microalgae as source of biofuels. However, it has been recently emphasized that in order to achieve lower costs of biomass production, especially in the case of microalgae, the system should have a dual purpose: to produce biofuels and to clean the environment. Furthermore, the production system should be within a biorefinery for allowing a simultaneous production of various biofuels and for the production of added value chemical products. Our research group has undertaken the leadership of a multi-national project aimed at establishing a Demonstration Unit of a Biorefinery for the production of biogas from plants and biodiesel and hydrogen from microalgae biomass utilizing wastewater and water from a polluted river (Sordo River). The water from the river has been utilized for production of Pistia stratiotes, an aquatic floating plant with good potential for biogas production. It was found that the productivity of P. stratiotes during April was 27.5 gm-2d-1 using the polluted water from the river, and it was similar to the one observed in such water amended with fertilizers. The removal of phosphates (96.25%), ammonia nitrogen (98 %), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD= 78%) and nitrates (47.8%) showed that this plant was also very efficient for phytofiltration of pollutants. Further work is in progress for production of biogas using the harvested biomass of P.stratiotes. The results concerning the production of Neochloris oleoabundans, an oleaginous microalgae, are encouraging since it reached a cell density of 0.625 gL-1 after 14 days when cultivated using only anaerobic effluents from digested pig waste. Lipid production detected by microscopic fluorescence indicated a large accumulation after 17 days in contrast with cultures in BBM medium. Several other Plenary Lectures 19 aspects of the integrated biorefinery will be further discussed in detail. In conclusion, this strategy seems to be environmentally and technically viable for implementation in tropical regions. IL-42 Track: Plant and Environment THE ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA AND ARABIDOPSIS HALLERI MHX TRANSPORTERS – POTENTIAL ROLE IN METAL HOMEOSTASIS AND LESSONS FROM THE REGULATION OF THEIR EXPRESSION Orit Shaul The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; E-mail: orsha@mail.biu.ac.il Metal hyperaccumulator species can accumulate and tolerate very high levels of certain heavy metals. The molecular mechanisms underlying these properties are extensively sought-out. Engineering hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance into high-biomass plants will provide a useful tool for phytoremediation, i.e., the use of plants for cleaning-up of heavy metal polluted areas. Arabidopsis halleri is among the few plant species that hyperaccumulate zinc and cadmium in its vacuoles. This plant expresses much higher levels of the vacuolar metal transporter MHX compared to the related nonaccumulator species Arabidopsis thaliana. MHX exchanges protons with magnesium, zinc, and cadmium ions, and its potential role in Arabidopsis halleri will be discussed. The difference in MHX levels in the two plant species is regulated at the post-transcriptional level. We will describe several post-transcriptional mechanisms that regulate AtMHX expression, including the role of an upstream ORF (uORF) in determining translational yield as well as transcript degradation by the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway. In addition, the first intron of AtMHX has a considerable impact on the accumulation of AtMHX transcript as well as the efficiency of its translation. The implications of these post-transcriptional mechanisms for the attempts to maximize the expression of foreign genes in plants will be discussed. IL-5 Track: Regenerative Medicine BIO-INSPIRED NANO-COMPOSITES FOR TISSUE REGENERATION Anna Tampieri, Monica Sandri, Simone Sprio, Silvia Panseri National Research Council, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics: ISTEC-CNR, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy; E-mail: anna.tampieri@istec.cnr.it The recent years are experiencing new regenerative approaches for the healing of diseased tissues and organs, with the aim to recover the original functionality and reduce the healthcare costs and the patient’s pain. In particular, degenerative pathologies affecting bone and osteochondral tissues such as osteoarthritis are among the most disabling diseases, and negatively impact on an ever increasing number of people worldwide. However, regenerative medicine has to proceed hand in hand with advances in Materials Science aiming to develop new smart, stimuli-responsive bio-devices. In fact, to trigger the correct cascade of biological events that lead to tissue regeneration, cells need to be exposed to an adequate array of chemical-physical, structural and morphological signals whose presentation follows precise spatial and temporal patterns. This requires the establishment of suitable strategies in designing scaffolds for bone or osteochondral tissue regeneration so as to reproduce such signals and provide cells with information compelling them to express specific phenotypes. 20 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 The formation of human hard tissues is governed by self-assembling and organization of collagen molecules in a complex 3-D structure, which acts as a template for simultaneous mineralization with nanocrystalline, ionically substituted apatite. Since a decade, the reproduction of the biomimetic conditions of bone synthesis allowed to settle a biomineralization process generating hybrid constructs where the mineral phase is nucleated upon guidance by the chemical features and physical confinement imposed by the self-assembling/self-organizing polymeric matrix, so that the mineral phase has physical, chemical and ultra-structural resemblance with mineral bone. The possibility of tailoring the mineralization extent also enabled the synthesis of graded constructs mimicking the different areas of multifunctional articular regions (i.e. subchondral bone, mineralized cartilage and hyaline cartilage). The high mimicry of the hybrid scaffolds with natural tissues is the source of their high regenerative ability. In fact the chemico-physical and morphological features of the scaffold trigger the cascade of events leading to tissue regeneration, which starts from cell colonization and subsequent differentiation. Quantitative macroscopic and histological score evaluations showed that this novel osteochondral scaffold is safe and easy to use, and may represent a suitable matrix to direct and coordinate the process of bone and hyaline-like cartilage regeneration. Very recently a new superparamagnetic, bioactive and bioresorbable apatite was developed by our research group, through controlled substitution of Ca2+ ions with Fe2+/3+ ions, with specific Fe/Ca and Fe2+/Fe3+ ratios. Pinning on this recent development, it will be illustrated how bio-hybrid bone- and osteochondral-mimicking devices with intrinsic superparamagnetic properties can be obtained nucleating Fe-HA on assembling Collagen fibers. Such devices can increasingly assist the osteogenic and angiogenic capacity during the remodeling process under the influence of a static magnetic field. In addition the novel bioactive and completely bioresorbable Fe-HA can be also prepared as nanoparticles; they do not have poorly tolerated magnetic secondary phase (i.e. magnetite and maghemite) and consequently they do not need any coating. This study realized an innovative in vitro 3D cell culture model that relies on magnetically controlling cell migration, growth factor/drug delivery and hyperthermia effect using novel FeHA MNPs. Cells can be moved, after their magnetization, in a well localized area of the biomaterial. The proposed method will have a great impact in tissue engineering and nanomedicine, filling the gap between the standard two-dimensional cell studies and the in vivo environment. This new 3D model will allow to precisely predict cell behavior, tissue regeneration, reducing the number of animals necessary for in vivo experiments as required by the principles of the 3Rs (Replacement, Refinement and Reduction). References [1] [2] [3] Tampieri A, Sandri M, Landi E, Pressato D, Francioli S, Quarto R, Martin I. Design of graded biomimetic osteochondral composite scaffolds. Biomaterials 2008; 29(26): 3539-3546.; Tampieri A, Sprio S, Sandri M, Valentini F. Mimicking natural biomineralization processes: a new tool for osteo-chondral scaffold development. Trends in Biotechnology 2011; 29: 526-535. Tampieri A, D'Alessandro T, Sandri M, Sprio S, Landi E, Bertinetti L, Panseri S, Pepponi G, Goettlicher J, Bañobre-López M, Rivas J. Intrinsic Superparamagnetism and Hyperthermia in Bioactive Hydroxyapatite. Acta Biomaterialia 2012; 8(2): 843851. Marlovits S, Striessnig G, Resinger CT, et al. Definition of pertinent parameters for the evaluation of articular cartilage repair tissue with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J Radiol 2004; 52(3): 310-319.; Marlovits S, Vekszler G, Resinger C, et al. Clinical and radiological outcome of matrix induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) after 24 months. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2007; 15(Suppl. B, P68): 105. SESSION LECTURES World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 21 SL-86 Track: Other Areas: Food; Marine; Bio-safety; Systems Biology, Clinical Research/clinical trials; bioethics; nanobiotechnology NOVEL BIOSYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES Faiez Alani, Thomas Mahood , William Anderson and Murray Moo-Young School of Engineering Technology,McMaster University,Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 0A3, Canada; E-mail: alanif@univmail.cis.mcmaster.ca Coalescence between biotechnology and nanotechnology gave rise to the new discipline of nanobiotechnology. At the leading edge of nanobiotechnology is the biosynthesis of nanoparticles, many microorganisms have recently been used for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles by microorganisms is environmentally friendly, benign and green process, and cheaper as compared with chemical and physical synthesis methods. Biogenic nanoparticles are water soluble, monodispersed, coated with protein shell and more compatible with biological systems. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have found many applications as antimicrobial agents particularly against drug resistance pathogens, anti HIV, and in nanomedicine for diagnosis and cancer therapy, drug and gene delivery, gene therapy, and in biosensors. Chemical, physical, and biological properties of silver nanoparticles determine the applications of nanoparticles and are highly affected by microbial strain, biochemical reaction conditions, and type of enzymes or other proteins involved in the process. This paper describes production of AgNPs from newly isolated and industrially important microorganisms under different biosynthesis conditions and discussing optimization, scale-up and mechanisms of AgNPs biosynthesis. The paper will also discuss weather intracellular or extracellular enzymes or other factors are responsible for the biosynthesis of AgNPs and applications particularly as antimicrobial agent. SL-106 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing IMPROVING SUGARCANE AS BIOFUEL FEEDSTOCK BY GENETIC ENGINEERING Je Hyeong Jung1, Jae Yoon Kim1, Walid Fouad1, Maria Gallo1, Wilfred Vermerris2, James Preston2 and Fredy Altpeter1 1 University of Florida, IFAS, Agronomy Department, Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL 32611 2 University of Florida, IFAS, Department of Microbiology and Cell Sciences Gainesville, FL 32611; E-mail: altpeter@ufl.edu Sugarcane is one of the most efficient photosynthesizer in the plant kingdom, able to convert as much as 2% of incident solar energy into biomass. In the U.S. sugarcane is mainly grown for the production of sugar with Florida being the largest producer of sugarcane, followed by Louisiana, Hawaii, and Texas. A large amount of lignocellulosic biomass such as leaf litter residues and bagasse are generated during the sugarcane harvest or after the sugar refining process, respectively. Therefore, lignocellulosic biomass from leaf and processing residues will likely become a valuable feedstock for biofuel production. However, higher temperatures and/or acid concentrations result in dehydration of xylose to furfural, and glucose to hydroxymethyl furfural, which act as inhibitors of the fermentation process. New pretreatment protocols are being developed that require the application of xylanases and other enzymes for maximal yields of xylose. Our objectives target the improvement of fermentable sugar yields from lignocellulosic sugarcane residues. We evaluated two transgenic approaches: lignin modification by RNAi suppression of the lignin biosynthetic gene COMT and in planta production of a hyperthermostable xylanase. More than 200 transgenic sugarcane plants were generated and lines with suppression or expression of the target genes were selected. RNAi suppression of COMT resulted in reduced lignin 22 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 content and altered lignin composition. In planta produced xylanase Xyl10B converted the majority of sugarcane xylan to fermentable xylobiose. Performance and conversion efficiency of transgenic plants grown in replicated field plots under USDA-Aphis notification 11-040-120 will also be presented. SL-39 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing KINETICS OF FERROUS-IRON BIOOXIDATION BY ACIDITHIOBACILLUS SPECIES AT 7, 8 AND 9 DEGREES CELCIUS IN A BATCH REACTOR Elizabeth Funmilayo Aransiola1, Mewa Ngongang M2 and Tunde Victor Ojumu1 1 Chemical Engineering Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 8000, South Africa; E-mail: aransiola4@yahoo.com 2 Department of Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 8000, South Africa Bioleaching of sulphide minerals proceeds at accelerated rate if the optimum conditions necessary for the microbial consortia is maintained. This leaching of sulphide metals at cold conditions is still understudied compared to the ones at high temperature. Therefore, this study investigated the microbial growth and bio-oxidation kinetics of ferrous-iron to ferric iron – a critical oxidizing agent for most sulphide minerals, using a known mesophilic species of Acidithiobacillus at 7, 8 and 9 degrees celcius. This was achieved by culturing repetitively the bacterium in a batch reactor connected to a chiller at a pH of 1.3. This was monitored by frequently taking readings of the redox potential and the pH which correlates with the activity of the bacteria present. The results obtained showed that Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans could oxidize ferrous iron at the maximum rate of 71.86, 71.86 and 73.54 mg.L-1.h-1; and the oxidation rate constant of 427.01; 427.01; and 329.81 mg. L-1. h-1 at 9, 8 and 7oC respectively. Another interesting aspect of these results was that the mesophilic bacteria underwent directed mutation to psychrotrophic bacteria as they could thrive at 7 oC. In conclusion, the new strain obtained from this study would help in sustaining the bioleaching heap system under such cold conditions. SL-58 Track: Medical Biotechnology CHALLENGES TO IDENTIFICATION AND APPLICATION OF GENOMIC DATA FOR INDIVIDUALIZED TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC CANCER Robert J. Arceci Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Translational Genomics Research Institute, 445 N. 5th Street, Suite 600, Phoenix, AZ 85004; E-mail: arcecro@gmail.com Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) is a complex and heterogeneous disease, leading to a wide range of response variability to conventional therapy, excessive treatment related toxicity and an overall poor outcome. The outcome for patients with treatment refractory AML has remained especially poor with overall survival less than 30%. The identification of biological drivers of AML that are actionable in terms of selective treatments continues to be a critically important goal for improving outcomes, although clinically actionable variants have been thus far limited. The NCI supported Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) Initiative provided initial support for large-scale genomics to identify novel disease associated genomic and epigenomic alterations that could be used to develop novel, targeted therapies. As part of the TARGET AML initiative, we have interrogated the AML World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 23 genome and epigenome in 250 AML specimens obtained from children treated on the most recent Children’s Oncology Group (COG) AML trials as well as 100 matched relapse samples. The analytical integration of these data has led to the identification of shared molecular pathways that could potentially serve as clinically actionable abnormalities. The challenges of clinically translating such information in AML and other cancer types in real time for individualized pediatric patients will be discussed along with a practical solution based on rapid turnaround of genomic and functional data plus an iterative, computational learning model. SL-85 Track: Medical Biotechnology CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM IN THE CROSSHAIR OF CANCER BIOLOGIST Anna Sukhanova,AndreyGorin, Ilya G. Serebriiskii, Linara Gabitova, Hui Zheng, Diana Restifo, Brian L. Egleston, David Cunningham, Tetyana Bagnyukova, Hanqing Liu, Anna Nikonova, Gregory P. Adams, Yan Zhou, Dong-Hua Yang, Ranee Mehra, Barbara Burtness, Kathy Q. Cai, Andres Klein-Szanto, Lisa E. Kratz, Richard I. Kelley, Louis M. Weiner, Gail E. Herman, Erica A. Golemis and Igor Astsaturov Fox Chase Cancer Center, E-mail: igor.astsaturov@fccc.edu 333 Cottman Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; Endogenous production of sterols is a major metabolic component of cancer. Sterol composition of cellular membranes has been linked to endosome traffic and many other membrane-based processes in the cell. Oncogenic receptors, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), resist drug targeting via increased recycling and persistence of signaling even in the presence of inhibitory drugs. We established that inactivation of two sterol biosynthesis pathway genes, SC4MOL (sterol C4-methyl oxidase-like) and its partner NSDHL (NADP-dependent steroid dehydrogenase-like), sensitized tumor cells to EGFR inhibitors. High level of conservation of sterol pathway genes among eukaryotic species allowed us to model their network of interactions to appreciate functions that might be affected by eliminating specific genes. This bioinformatics approach led us to hypothesize, and then extensively validate an unexpected role for SC4MOL and NSDHL in controlling the signaling, vesicular trafficking and degradation of EGFR and its dimerization partners, ERBB2 and ERBB3. Metabolic block upstream of SC4MOL with ketoconazole or CYP51A1 siRNA rescued cancer cell viability and EGFR degradation. Inactivation of SC4MOL markedly sensitized A431 xenografts to cetuximab, a therapeutic anti-EGFR antibody. Analysis of Nsdhl-deficient Bpa1H/+ mice confirmed dramatic and selective loss of internalized PDGFR in fibroblasts, and reduced activation of EGFR and its effectors in regions of skin lacking NSDHL. This work identifies SC4MOL and NSDHL as high value metabolic targets to treat conditions like cancer with mechanisms involving regulation of EGFR signaling and endocytic trafficking, and suggests novel strategies to increase the potency of EGFR antagonists in tumors. 24 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-36 Track: Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae SEAWEEDS HELP IN IMPROVING THE BIOENERGETICS SYSTEM OF PLANTS UNDER METAL STRESS ENVIRONMENT Rafia Azmat Department of Chemistry, University rafiasaeed200@yahoo.com of Karachi, 75270, Karachi, Pakistan; E-mail: Hg is a key noxious ecological pollutant, results basically from industrial and urbanization activities. The effects of Hg and its remediation through seaweeds on plants were escorted in a greenhouse experiment in a randomized block design. The effects of Hg were monitored in relation with bioenergetics system of plant at test site scale. Plants that were exposed to Hg showed affect in diverse ways, including affinity to suffer in morphological as well as on sugar metabolism. The stress imposed by Hg exposure also extends to chloroplast pigments that lead to the distorted photosynthetic apparatus. The outcomes of reduced contents of photosynthetic machinery related with reduced contents of glucose, sucrose, total soluble sugars and carbohydrate contents of plants under investigation. These contents plays vital rule for providing bioenergy for the plant growth regulation. It was suggested that Hg is lethal for plant bioenergetics system due to which plants fail to survive under stress. The lethal effects of Hg were tried to remediate through seaweeds. It was observed that seaweeds successfully controlled the mobility of Hg metal and improves the plant growth regulatory system at lower applied dose only. While at higher dose of Hg, seaweeds were effective also but to a certain limits. It was established that continuous addition of Hg in soil and aquatic resources execute to the plant productivity. It is demand of time to develop alternative eco-friendly remediation technologies for controlling, cleaning Hg-polluted zones. Key words: Hg, seaweeds, sugar metabolism, chloroplast pigments, growth regulatory system. SL-35 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing BEST NATURAL COMBINATION OF BIOMASS-DEGRADING PROTEINS DETERMINED FROM SUPER-PROTEOME ANALYSIS OF CLOSTRIDIUM CELLULOVORANS Jungu Bae, Kazuma Matsui, Hironobu Morisaka, Kouichi Kuroda and Mitsuyoshi Ueda Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; E-mail: ssadagu@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp As lignocellulosic biomasses have different components and structures, designed specific strategy for each biomass is necessary for the efficient degradation. Clostridium cellulovorans produces cellulosomes, complexes of biomass-degrading proteins, and it has been reported to efficiently degrade not only cellulose but also varioius hemcelluloses by changing the components of cellulosomes depending on the kinds of substrates. In this study, we performed quantitative proteomic analysis of whole cell culture supernatant of C. cellulovorans including cellulosomal and noncellulosomal proteins to find out how it changes its secretion profile. Notably, monolithic column which we have developed as the novel separation medium for liquid chromatography was used, and our super-proteome analysis system easily and speedily led to identification and quantification of higher number of proteins [1]. As a result, it was confirmed that C. cellulovorans changed the combination of proteins suitable for the added substrates. Application of this novel technology to comprehensive analysis of C. cellulovorans-producing proteins is feasible to determine the best combination of enzymes for degradation of any biomass [2]. Keywords: Clostridium cellulovorans, secretome, super-proteome, cellulosome, non-cellulosomal proteins. References [1] Morisaka et al., AMB express, 2, 37 (2012). World Biotechnology Congress 2013 [2] Session Lectures 25 Matsui et al., submitted. SL-149 Track: Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae SYNERGISTIC ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY BETWEEN AQUEOUS GARLIC EXTRACT (ALLIUM SATIVUM) AND SOME ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST SOME ISOLATED ANTIBIOTIC MULTI-RESISTANT SALMONELLA SEROVARS Hatem Youssef Belguith Institute for Water Research E-mail: manzanera@ugr.es and Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Spain; The widespread resistance of dangerous microbes to conventional antibiotics has prompted renewed interest in the use of natural alternatives such as bacterial interference (probiotics), bacteriophage therapy and, in particular, medicinal plants and antimicrobial peptides. The aim of this present work was to study the in vitro inhibitory activities of Aqueous Garlic Extract (AGE) and its effects on Salmonella antibiotic susceptibility. Furthermore, the possibility of synergistic effects between some antibiotics and AGE against some isolated Salmonella serovars. The disc diffusion assay revealed antibacterial activity of the AGE characterized by an inhibition zones ranging from 6 ± 1.7 to 16 ± 1.2 mm, their size was clearly proportional to the amount of AGE applied to the disc. MIC values of AGE differ from a serovars to another and it ranged from 1012.5 mg/ml (estimated 8.1 à 10.1 g/ml allicin), whereas, the MBC values ranged from 13-15 mg/ml (estimated 10.5 à 12.1 g/ml allicin) The AGE exhibited a synergistic, additive or antagonistic effects against the tested Salmonella serovars when combined with the different antibiotics. These effects were variable from a serovar to another and from an antibiotic to another. The mode of action of the AGE on the Salmonella serovars was visible using TEM. These results support the use of AGE for food bioconservation or microbial infection treatment. SL-123 Track: Regenerative Medicine EMERGING CONCEPTS IN THE MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF LOCAL RADIATION INJURY M. Benderitter1, R. Tamarat1, C. Linard1, J.J. Lataillade2 and E. Bey3 1 Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Laboratoire de Radiopathologie et de Thérapies Expérimentales, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay aux-Roses, France; E-mail: mar.benderitter@irsn.fr 2 Service de Chirurgie Plastique, Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Percy, 92141 Clamart, France 3 Centre de Transfusion Sanguine des Armées, Département de Recherche et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées, 92141 Clamart, France Effect of radiation on healthy tissue. The French Institute of Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety (www.irsn.fr) contributes to understand the biological mechanism of initiation and progression of healthy tissue damage, resulting both from radiological accidents or radiotherapy side effects. IRSN is strongly implicated in the field of regenerative medicine of healthy tissue after severe radiation damages. Treatment of severe radiation burns remains a difficult medical challenge. The response of the skin to ionizing radiation results in a range of clinical manifestations. The most severe manifestations are highly disabling. Although several surgical procedures (excision, skin grafting, skin muscle flaps or amputation as a last therapeutic option) have been used with some success, none have proven entirely satisfying. The concept that stem cell injections could be used for reducing normal tissue injury has been discussed for a number of years. Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) therapy may 26 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 be a promising therapeutic approach for improving radiation-induced skin and muscle damage. Pre-clinical and further clinical benefit of MSC injection for ulcerated skin and muscle restoration after high dose flash radiation exposure has been successfully demonstrated. Up to now, eight patients suffering from severe local radiation injury were successfully treated in France based on autologuous human grade MSC injection combined with plastic surgery or skin graft. Stem cell therapy has to be improved now to the point that hospitals can put safe, efficient and reliable clinical protocols into practice. SL-117 Track: Regenerative Medicine STEM CELL THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF SEVERE TISSUE DAMAGE AFTER RADIATION EXPOSURE M. Benderitter1, A. Semont1, N. Mathieu1, C. Linard1, A. Chapel1, J.J. Lataillade2, J. Voswinkel3 and N.C. Gorin3 1 Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Laboratoire de Radiopathologie et de Thérapie Cellulaire, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay- aux-Roses, France; E-mail: mar.benderitter@irsn.fr 2 Centre de Transfusion Sanguine des Armées, Département de Recherche et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées, 92141 Clamart, France 3 CHU Saint Antoine, Département d’Hématologie, 184, rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine – 75012, France Effect of radiation on healthy tissue. The French Institute of Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety (www.irsn.fr) contributes to understand the biological mechanism of initiation and progression of healthy tissue damage, resulting both from radiological accidents or radiotherapy side effects. IRSN is strongly implicated in the field of regenerative medicine of healthy tissue after severe radiation damages. Mesenchymal stem cell in the treatment of severe radiation pelvic disease: towards clinical application. Radiotherapy may induce irreversible damage on healthy tissues surrounding the tumour. It has been reported that the majority of patients receiving pelvic radiation therapy shows early or late tissue reactions of graded severity as radiotherapy affects not only the targeted tumor cells but also the surrounding healthy tissues. The late adverse effects of pelvic radiotherapy concern 5 to 10% of them, which could be life threatening. However, a clear medical consensus concerning the clinical management of such healthy tissue sequelae does not exist. Although no pharmacologic interventions have yet been proven to efficiently mitigate radiotherapy severe side effects, few preclinical researches show the potential of combined and sequential pharmacological treatments to prevent the onset of tissue damage. Our group has demonstrated in preclinical animal models that systemic MSC injection is a promise approach for the medical management of gastrointestinal disorder after irradiation. We have shown that MSC migrate to damaged tissues and restore gut functions after irradiation. We carefully studies side effects of stem cell injection for further application in patients. The clinical status of three first patients suffering from severe pelvic side effects resulting from an overdosage was improved following MSC injection in a compationnal situation. Stem cell therapy has now to be improved to the point that hospitals can put safe, efficient, and reliable clinical protocols into practice. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 27 SL-63 Track: Plant and Environment ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND CULTIVATION OF A POTENTIALLY NOVEL SALT AND HEAT TOLERANT CYANOBACTERIUMIN SUBITEC´S FLAT PANEL AIRLIFT (FPA) PHOTOBIOREACTORFOCUSING ON PROCESS ECOLOGY AND ECONOMY Peter Bergmann1,2, Peter Ripplinger2, Walter Trösch2,3 1 University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; E-mail: p.bergmann@subitec.com; 2Subitec GmbH, Stuttgart, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology (IGB), Stuttgart, Germany 3 The demand for additional plant biomass due to the steadily increasing global population, the trend in food intake towards more protein rich nourishments and the demand for next generation biofuel sources grows continuously. Consequently, the proceeding scarcity of freshwater increases steadily. The productivity of photosynthetic microorganisms can be 10 fold higher than that of standard crops and these organisms may be cultivated on non-arable areas. Especially deserts show favorable climatic conditions for the mass production. Nevertheless this also confronts the problematic nature of water supply and cooling and therefore economic and ecologic efficiency. SL-29 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing PLANT XYLOGLUCAN ENDOTRANSGLYCOSYLASES: DIVERSITY, PROPERTIES, AND PROMISING APPLICATIONS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE CATALYTIC Alex Berlin, Jason Quinlan, and Romil Benyamino Protein Chemistry Department, Novozymes, Inc., 1445 Drew Avenue, CA 95618, USA; E-mail: axbl@novozymes.com Enzyme biotechnology is today a mature and growing industry with an estimated global market of about $4 billion. Since its initiation, in the early 50’s of the XX century, the development of novel enzyme products has been based on the industrial applications of primarily hydrolytic enzymes. Bright examples of the latter are the successful market penetration of hydrolases, such as amylases, proteases, lipases, cellulases, and others, in the biofuel, detergent, textile, food, and feed industries. As these well-established enzyme markets continue to grow novel market opportunities for enzyme biotechnology need to be developed to secure the long-term growth of this industry. This presentation will cover different aspects of the relatively novel class of transferases, namely, the xyloglucan xyloglucosyl transferases (EC 2.4.1.207), known as xyloglucan endotransglycosylases (XETs), a class of enzymes which uses a disproportionation reaction mechanism to modulate molecular masses of xyloglucans during plant growth. XETs are thought to link different polysaccharides in vivo and hence influence cell wall strength, flexibility, and porosity. This presentation will cover a description of the plant XETs diversity, key catalytic properties, and emerging applications of these enzymes in the development of novel materials. XETs can be considered promising non-hydrolytic enzymes which could evolve into novel enzyme biotechnology products. 28 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-37 Track: Medical Biotechnology NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN INDIA Surya Prakash Bhatt, Anoop Misra and Randeep Guleria Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Disorders, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Email:suryabhat@gmail.com Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and associated with insulin resistance as a central pathogenic factor. Importantly, insulin resistance is independently correlated to NAFLD regardless of adiposity. Importantly, it is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the United State of America and other developed countries. Several studies in India indicated that about ⅓rd of the urban population has the metabolic syndrome and ~7 to 55% affected with insulin resistance in Asian Indians residing in India ranges. NAFLD is an ever more prevalent disease covering ~ 6 to 32% of general population in India. Hence, it has become a global public health issue. Environmental factors have been found to play a major role in the etiology of NAFLD, especially for genetically susceptible populations. Among these, most important factors are sedentary lifestyle, physical activity and junk food, especially the typical "Western-style" diet. Genetic predisposition to NAFLD does occur; however, a precise definition of genetic factors responsible for NAFLD is still lacking. As most of the common diseases today, NAFLD is considered to be a genetically complex disorder. In complex disease, several or many different genes interact with environmental factors in determining disease presence or its phenotype, and individual genes only have a small effect on disease risk and can therefore be very difficult to identify. Specific variants of different genes have been shown to present a risk for NAFLD. Genetic studies might be helpful in the management of the disease by developing novel treatment strategies based on individual's genotype. SL-55 Track: Medical Biotechnology CGH-INTERACTOME-TRANSCRIPTOME INTEGRATION TO DETECT DRIVER GENES IN CANCEROLOGY Ghislain Bidaut Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, 13273 Marseille Cedex 09, France; E-mail: Ghislain.Bidaut@inserm.fr With the development of high-throughput gene-expression profiling technologies came the opportunity to define genomic signatures predicting clinical condition or cancer patient outcome. However, such signatures show dependency on training set, lack of generalization and instability, due for some part to microarray data topology. Additional difficulties for analyzing tumor gene expression are that subtle molecular perturbations in driver genes leading to cancer and metastasis (masked in typical differential expression analysis) may provoke expression changes of greater amplitude in downstream genes (easily detected). In this talk, I will describe an interactome-based algorithm: Interactome-Transcriptome Integration (ITI) that is used to find a generalizable signature for prediction of cancer relapse by superimposition of a large scale protein-protein interaction data (human interactome) over several gene expression datasets and Comprehensive Genomics Hybridization (CGH) datasets. The algorithm extracts regions in the interactome whose expressions are discriminating for predicting relapse-free survival in cancer and allow detection of driver genes (see Garcia et al., (2012) for an application to breast cancer). Other methods of CGH-Gene Expression profiles integration for detecting driver genes in cancerology will be described and compared to ITI. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 29 SL-31 Track: Medical Biotechnology STABLE 13C ISOTOPE ENRICHED METABOLOME (ISOTOPOLOME) WIDE ASSOCIATIONS (IWAS) IMPROVE SYSTEM WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES (SWAS) FOR PHENOTYPE AND DRUG RESEARCH László G. Boros1,2, Natalie J. Serkova3, Keith R. Laderoute4, W. Marston Linehan5, Emmanuelle J. Meuillet6 1 Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute (LABIOMED) at the Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Torrance, CA 90502; E-mail: boros@labiomed.org 2 SiDMAP, LLC, Los Angeles, CA 90064 3 University of Colorado Denver, Colorado, CO 80045 4 Stanford Research Institute (SRI) International, Menlo Park, CA 94025 5 Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 6 Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA Uniquely labeled atoms link their carrier tracer substrate with broad and diverse metabolic pathway products within the Metabolome, which is considered a major development for biology and drug research [1]. Isotope enriched metabolome, the isotopolome, is generated by the uptake and active metabolism of a single or multiple metabolic tracers, demonstrated by use of stable 13C isotope substrates [2]. Isotopolome wide association (IWA or IWAS) studies are based on similar principles and pursue similar goals as studying genome-, proteome- and transcriptome-wide associations in physiology. Specifically, metabolic tracers yield products in which the levels and positions of atomic substitutions (replacements) are correlated in the organism’s metabolome. The speed and position(s) of these atomic substitutions readily reveal associations within gene- and phenotype-responsive metabolic products. We herein demonstrate how [1,2-13C2]-D-glucose reveals system wide associations between ribonucleic- and tetracosanoic acids (C24:0) via reductive carboxylation, which is consistent with the fumarate hydratase deficient kidney cancer phenotype [2] from cross-labeled 13C glutamine in the same study. An IWAS-based visual heat map (EZTopolome) positions an experimental drug in the mitochondria, which is by the selective degradation of the [U-13C18]stearate single tracer either in peroxisomes or mitochondria, yielding distinct sets of 13C-labeled metabolic products [3]. Biologically, pharmacologically and clinically relevant associations identified by IWAS can be expanded towards system-wide association (SWA or SWAS) studies, which reveal control hierarchies involving genes, the proteome, pharmacokinetics, as well as clinical end point observations. Isotopolome‐ wide association studies among cross-labeled intermediates and their products offer significant advantages over parallel multiple 13C tracer metabolic flux analyses. The benefit of SWA studies is to uncover functioning associations in complex biological systems, thus assisting clinically challenging molecular/signaling drug targeting efforts via significantly improved Reverse Pharmacology and Chemical Genetics [4]. References [1] [2] [3] [4] Vander Heiden MG. Targeting cancer metabolism: a therapeutic window opens. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2011 Aug 31;10(9):671-84. doi: 10.1038/nrd3504 Walther JL, Metallo CM, Zhang J, Stephanopoulos G. Optimization of 13C isotopic tracers for metabolic flux analysis in mammalian cells. Metab Eng. 2012 Mar;14(2):162-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ymben.2011.12.004. Epub 2011 Dec 19 Mullen AR, Wheaton WW, Jin ES, Chen PH, Sullivan LB, Cheng T, Yang Y, Linehan WM, Chandel NS, DeBerardinis RJ. Reductive carboxylation supports growth in tumour cells with defective mitochondria. Nature. 2011 Nov 20;481(7381):385-8. doi: 10.1038/nature10642. George G. Harrigan, Jerry Colca, Sándor Szalma, László G. Boros. PNU-91325 increases fatty acid synthesis from glucose and mitochondrial long chain fatty acid degradation: a comparative tracer-based metabolomics study with rosiglitazone and pioglitazone in HepG2 cells. Metabolomics. March 2006, Volume 2, Issue 1, pp 21-29. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11306-006-0015-5/fulltext.html#Sec15 30 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-148 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing SHORTENING THE BIOPROCESS DEVELOPMENT TIME USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-BASED STRATEGIES Gueguim Kana Evariste Bosco University of KwaZulu- Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; E-mail: evagkana@yahoo.com The last decade has witnessed an increasing trend in the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in modeling and optimization of bioprocesses. AI is the capability of a device to perform functions that are normally associated with human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning and optimization. Both the Response Surface Method (RSM) and the AI techniques differ in their approach and accuracy in modeling the nonlinear relationship between the interactive input variables and the process output. This paper details the concept of AI and its application in bioprocess development, then it comparatively evaluates the accuracy of ANN coupled GA and the RSM for the determination of key process parameters' set points, to drive the fermentation processes optimally. Furthermore, the architecture of a novel bioprocess modeling software (Biopro-Lab) based on Artificial Neural Network algorithm, its application and validation on dark fermentation of biohydrogen as renewable biofuel on key input process variables are described. The prospect of generating high throughput actionable bioprocess intelligence by mining existing data using AI tools is elaborated. SL-51 Track: Plant and Environment EFFECT OF NUTRIENTS AND CULTURE CONDITIONS ON MICROALGAL GROWTH AND BIOMASS COMPOSITION Tomáš Brányik, Gita Procházková, Irena Brányiková and Vilém Zachleder Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; E-mail: tomas.branyik@vscht.cz Microalgae have received considerable attention of the scientific and industrial communities due to their biotechnological potential. Lipids for biodiesel or as a feedstock for the chemical industry, -3 fatty acids, proteins, carbohydrates, pigments, biohydrogen, bioethanol, food supplements, animal feed, etc. are only a few examples of the wide microalgal usability. However, there are only a handful of commercially successful microalgal technologies. The development of an economically feasible industrial-scale production of microalgae, or products derived from them, requires a complex multidisciplinary approach, an integral part of which is cell physiology. This is based on the knowledge of basic biological functions and tools for controlling the microalgal metabolism, with the objective of increasing the content of target compounds, or enhancing their productivity. Traditionally this has been done by an optimal design of conditions in photobioreactors. Manipulation of metabolic pathways in eukaryotic microalgae by means of altering the medium composition and/or culture conditions represents a powerful tool of physiological modulation, which is usually more accessible and practically applicable than the instruments of metabolic or genetic engineering. The strategies of nutrient and process parameters induced shifts in biomass composition are generally cost efficient, performable at large-scale and adjustable to various industrially attractive microalgal species. In addition, the processes such as nutrient deprivation can be easily scheduled and optimized to achieve high productivities of the desired target compounds. These strategies are currently utilized in achieving overproduction of metabolites such as lipids, polysaccharides and pigments by microalgae. An overview of the cell responses triggered by variations in environmental factors and both macro- and micronutrient availability will be presented, followed by the most important factors that can affect the rate of starch synthesis and accumulation in Chlorella biomass (illumination, cell cycle, nutrient limitation)[1]. Finally a comparison of algal World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 31 culturing strategies (batch, semi-continuous, continuous) from the perspective of their productivities and biotechnological applications will be carried out based on experimental data. Reference [1] Brányikova I., Maršálková B., Doucha J., Brányik T., Bišová K., Zachleder V., Vítová, M. Microalgae-novel highly efficient starch producers. Biotechnology and Bioengineering (2011), 108(4), 766-776. SL-118 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing DANCING WITH ELEPHANTS: FROM BIOTECH START-UP TO PRODUCTION START-UP AT AMYRIS Joel R. Cherry Amyris Inc. , 5885 Hollis St. Suite 100, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; E-mail: cherry@amyris.com Amyris is building an integrated renewable products company to apply industrial synthetic biology to genetically modify microorganisms, primarily yeast, to serve as living factories. These modified yeast strains convert plant-sourced sugars into potentially thousands of molecules, providing a broad range of renewable chemicals and transportation fuels. Founded in 2003, Amyris started with a nonprofit grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation to create a microbe capable of producing the world’s supply for a critical anti-malarial compound, and used the funding to build a technology that is now producing renewable fuels and chemicals at industrial scale, primarily from sugarcane in Brazil. This presentation will summarize the commercial path, describe the technology being used to create novel yeast strains, the process of scaling from the laboratory to commercial production, and the partnerships and products that will pave the path to the marketplace. SL-33 Track: Plant and Environment ALGAL FUELS: STATUS OF TECHNOLOGY AND BOTTLENECKS TO COMMERCIALIZATION Yusuf Chisti School of Engineering, Massey E-mail: Y.Chisti@massey.ac.nz University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Potential biofuels from microalgae include bioethanol, biohydrogen, biogas, biodiesel and other liquid fuels. Microalgae are superior to crop plants as potential sources of crude fuel oils. Algae can be grown year-round on nonarable land using seawater. Oil productivity of algae exceeds that of the best oil crops. Technology exists for converting algal crude oil to diesel, gasoline and jet fuel. Production of algal oil for fuels is technically possible today, but not competitive with petroleum derived fuels. An overview will be provided of the existing methods for large scale production of algal biomass for fuel. Bottlenecks to commercialization of algal fuels will be discussed. Uncertainty in the price of crude petroleum is one of several impediments to commercialization of algal fuels, but there are others. The cost of production of algal biomass needs to be reduced substantially. Inexpensive methods are needed for recovering the algal biomass from a relatively dilute culture broth. Environmentally acceptable low-cost methods are required for extraction of the algal oil without compromising the utility of the residual biomass. Algae culture requires nitrogenous fertilizers produced at a great expense in fossil energy. Alternatives to this are needed. The existing supply of nitrogen fertilizers is insufficient for large scale production of algal oils. Coculturing strategies and genetic and metabolic engineering may be used to 32 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 eliminate the need for fixed nitrogen. Advances in algal biology are needed to: improve biomass productivity and oil productivity; reduce the need for external nitrogen; enable rapid and inexpensive dewatering of the biomass; and allow easier extraction of the oil from the biomass. The large scale culture systems need to improve to reduce reliance on fossil energy. SL-89 Track: Other Areas: Food; Marine; Bio-safety; Systems Biology, Clinical Research/clinical trials; bioethics; nanobiotechnology LOOKING BEYOND GREEN CHEMISTRY: AN INTEGRATIVE PROGRAM FOR BIOMONITORING OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS CYCLING IN THE ENVIRONMENT Maximiliano Cledón Institute of Coastal & Marine Research (IIMyC) -National Council of Scientific & Technical Research (CONICET) National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP) ; Funes 3350, (7600) Mar del Plata, Argentina; E-mail: mcledon@mdp.edu.ar Technological advances occur faster than the evaluation of their safety, generally analyzed through short term acute exposures. Long-term exposure to low doses of chemical derivates is not studied. The massive use of nanomaterials challenges again monitoring and preventing consequences. Due to the features arising from their size, NMs are highly reactive and their fates depend on their interaction with the environment they reach after release. Therefore it is extremely difficult to develop simple protocols for testing and monitoring as well as the consequent development of regulations, as pursued by North American and European institutions (NIST, SCENHIR, etc.). However, the technological and institutional tools for properly dealing with this situation are already available and need to be integrated. An experimental design followed the pathway of nano SiO2 from medical patients, to wastewaters, aquatic fauna and drinking water. Based on the experience, a integrative program is proposed using resources and tools from separated disciplines as the CDC Medication Safety Program (USA), Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (EU), the EU Water Framework Directive, the Green Liver Concept of water treatment, the fresh water biomonitoring programs as CABIN and the guidelines for drinking water quality of the World Health Organization. SL-126 Track: Other Areas BACTERIAL EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES REGENERATION AND THEIR POTENTIAL TO CARTILAGE S. Colliec-Jouault1, C. Merceron2, E. Rederstorff1,2, J. Ratiskol1, C. Sinquin1, J. Guicheux2 and P. Weiss2. 1 IFREMER, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Molécules Marines, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes cedex 3, France; E-mail: sylvia.colliec.jouault@ifremer.fr 2 INSERM UMRS 791, Université de Nantes, Laboratoire d’Ingénierie Ostéo-Articulaire et Dentaire, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes cedex 1, France In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the isolation of new microbial polysaccharides that might have new uses in many industries. Interest in mass culture of microorganisms from the marine environment has increased considerably, representing an innovative approach to the biotechnological use of under-exploited resources. Marine bacteria, isolated from deep-sea hydrothermal environment, have demonstrated their ability to produce unusual exopolysaccharides (EPS), in laboratory conditions. EPS present original structural features that can be modified to World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 33 design bioactive compounds and improve their specificity. In particular, with the aim of promoting biological activities, chemical modifications of one EPS produced by Alteromonas infernus have been undertaken. Here, we investigated the effect of either native EPS or its derivative in models for cartilage regeneration. For both compounds, the observed data show a real potential to cartilage regeneration [1, 2]. References [1] E. Rederstorff et al. Acta Biomaterialia, 2011. [2] C. Merceron et al. Stem Cells, 2012. SL-52 Track: Medical Biotechnology ELECTROPORATION-MEDIATED CHEMO-GENE THERAPY IN CANINE CANCER PATIENT Jeffry Cutrera, Xueqing Xia, Glenn King, Pamela Jones, Kristin Kicenuik, and Shulin Li Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030; E-mail: jjcutrera@mdanderson.org Combinations of gene therapies and chemotherapies offer expansive choices for treating multiple types of cancer, and electroporation (EP) is a safe technology perfectly suited for optimizing the outcomes of the combinatorial treatments. EP is a technique which utilizes electric pulses to create transient pores in the cellular membrane and results in the transfer of external materials into the cells. This process increases the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents and vastly improves the expression of plasmid DNA compared to non-electroporated controls. Several human trials with EP-mediated chemotherapy or immune gene therapy have proven that electroporation can safely increase the efficacy of these treatment strategies. Moreover, small animal studies show that combining these treatments into Electro-Chemo-Gene Therapies (ECGT) can even further increase the resultant anti-tumor efficacy. By translating these treatments into canine clinical protocols, ECGT with bleomycin or gemcitabine and Interleukin (IL) 12 plasmid DNA is capable of eradicating small tumors (<2 cm in diameter) and some larger tumors with as few as 2 treatments. Importantly, even in tumors larger than 2 cm, the ECGT can be administered monthly to inhibit or reverse tumor growth resulting in significantly extended survival and improved quality of life. Notably, more than 90% of the patients have been previously treated with surgery, systemic chemotherapy, radiation, or combinations of these treatments, and ECGT was able to affect the tumor growth in all but one of these patients. ECGT with either bleomycin or gemcitabine and IL12 plasmid DNA has been tested in canines from multiple breeds and ranging in size from as small as 4 kg to as large as 70 kg with multiple types of tumors including ameloblastoma, soft tissue sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Regardless of patient size or tumor volume, the side effects of ECGT are minimal, usually only temporary local bleeding due to the needle electrode, and have yet to require postponement or cancellation of any treatments. Furthermore, the treatments can even reduce pain and discomfort associated with oral tumors. Of the 18 total canine patients treated, only 2 patients did not respond to ECGT treatments. These results along with the current and completed gene therapy clinical trials and the clinical acceptance of electroporation in the European Union verify the efficacy and safety of ECGT for the treatment of cancer and pave the way for this technology to be applied to human cancer patients. 34 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-88 Track: Medical Biotechnology STUDY OF HISTONE METHYL TRANSFERASE G9A INHIBITION IN ATRT AND MEDULLOBLASTOMA V. Datar1, S. Bochare1, S. Khatua1, J. Fangusaro2, S. Goldman2, R. Lulla2, V. Rajaram3 and V. Gopalakrishnan1 1 Department of Pediatrics, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 853, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030; E-mail: VVDatar@mdanderson.org 2 Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Fienberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL,USA. 3 Department of pathology UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9072. Introduction Medulloblastoma and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) are malignant pediatric brain tumors. The survival rate for children with AT/RT who are below the age of three is around 10%, whereas that for medulloblastoma patients is approximately 75-80%. Survivors face an increased risk for recurrenceand current therapeutics are ineffective against recurrent tumors. Thus, there is a dire need for novel therapies. Aberrant epigenetic silencing of gene expression has been increasingly implicated in cancer development. One such repressive epigenetic modification is histone H3 lysine (K)-9 methylation, whichis catalyzed by histone methyl transferases (HMTs)called G9a and G9a-like protein (GLP). Methods A panel of established and patient derived human medulloblastoma cell lines ATRT cell lines were used to measure G9a expression across by q-RT-PCR analyses. Cell growth in response to drug treatment was measured by (MTT) assay. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was done to observe global changes in H3K9Me2 following G9a inhibition. In vivo tumorigenic potential of drug treated cells was measured in mouse orthotopic models. Tumors wereanalyzed by H&E staining and immunohistochemistry. Results We observed elevated G9aexpression in ATRT and human medulloblastoma samples compared to normal cerebellum. Ablation of G9a activity by treatment with small molecule inhibitors of histone methyl transferasesdecreased ATRT and medulloblastoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. HMT inhibitor-loss of cell growth in vitro was accompanied by a significant decrease in global histone H3K9 methylation. In vivo, HMT inhibitors decreased the tumorigenic potential of ATRT and medulloblastoma cell lines and surprisingly supported the formation of circumscribed and less invasive tumors. Conclusion Treatment of ATRT and advanced stage/relapsed medulloblastoma continues to remain a challenge. This calls for the development of novel therapeutic approaches based on a better understanding of tumor biology. Here, we provide the first demonstration of aberrant expression of G9a in human medulloblastoma and ATRTs. Our data show that pharmacological inhibition of G9a activity blocked tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that G9a inhibition may have future therapeutic applicationfor pediatric brain tumors. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 35 SL-120 Track: Regenerative Medicine HOW TO MEET THE CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF CELLBASED MEDICINAL PRODUCTS Gisèle Deblandre MaSTherCell S.A.- Belgium; E-mail: gisele.deblandre@masthercell.com During the past decades, advances in cell biology, developmental biology and stem cell research have fostered the development of new potential therapies for diseases for which no therapeutic option had been available. Marketing authorization of cell-based medicinal products requires, as for all medicinal products, the demonstration that the product is consistently manufactured to a predefined quality, and that it is safe and efficacious in patients. Since cell-based products are often complex mixes of cell types, clinical performance depends on rigorous control of the manufacturing process and specifications which is in turn limited by the difficulty to design analytical methods to characterize cell mixtures. Investigational medicinal products intended for clinical use should be manufactured in compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practice regulations (cGMP). This is a challenge for small companies or academic laboratories aiming at obtaining proof-of-concept in man. An additional hurdle in manufacturing is the need to upscale production while conserving the product characteristics and specifications when moving away from the bench to clinical studies. Advices will be provided on how to face the main challenges associated with the development of cell-based medicinal products with the aim to deliver high quality therapeutic cells fit for clinical phases. SL-150 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing NEW COSMETIC MATRIX BY USING A HIGH-FREQUENCY ULTRASOUND Messaouda Kaci1,2, Elmira Arab-Tehrany1, G. Gillet2, I. Desjardins Lavisse2, Stephane Antoine Desobry1 1 Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des biomolécules, 2 avenue de la forêt de haye, 54505, vandoeuvre lès Nancy, France; elmira.arab-tehrany@univ-lorraine.fr 2 GENIALIS Cosmetic Society , Les Talbots 18250 Henrichemont, France Nano-emulsions, as non-equilibrium systems, present characteristics and properties which depend not only on composition but also on the preparation method. Direct applications of nano-emulsions in cosmetics have made that studies on optimization methods for nano-emulsion preparation be a requirement. Objective of this study is focused on developments of cosmetic cream from nanoemulsions by a new technique without using the tension actif. The proportions of the various components for preparing the cosmetic cream are: 30% oil phase, and 70% aqueous phase. To determine the different percentage of oil (rapeseed oil, miglyol, apricot oil and orange oil) in oil phase, the mixture design was generated by NEMROD software was used. We prepared the different formulations of nanoemulsion by high-frequency ultrasound developed in our laboratory. The different physico-chemical characterizations were realized by various techniques to measure the composition, the stability, the size, the electrophoretic mobility and the viscosity. The results showed that rapeseed oil and miglyol are the predominant parameters in characterization of the emulsions. We realized the in vitro test to observe the influence of nanoemulsion on fibroblast cell lines. The results showed that the effect of rapeseed and apricot oils rich on polyunsaturated fatty acids is very important on cell proliferation. 36 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-147 Track: Regenerative Medicine ENZYME IMMOBILIZED POLYCAPROLACTAM AS A BIOMATERIAL Veluchamy Prabhawathi, Ponnurengam Malliappan Sivakumar, Thulasinathan Boobalan, Mukesh Doble Drug Design and Bioengineering Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai – 600036, India; E-mail: mukeshd@iitm.ac.in Two different antimicrobial surfaces were developed by immobilizing two enzymes namely, subtilisin and lipase on polycaprolactam surface. This polymer is approved by FDA. A monolayer of the enzyme was coated on the polymer surface using Langmuir Blodgett technique with the help of glutaraldehyde as the fixing agent. Presence of C=N bond at 1576 cm-1 (corresponding to subtilisin) and at 1646 cm-1 (for lipase) in the Fourier transformed Infrared spectrum confirmed the covalent linkage of the enzymes to polycaprolactam surface. The conditions namely, temperature, pH and time of reaction for immobilization were optimized to achieve maximum enzyme activity. The former and the latter immobilized polycaprolactams showed activity of 120 and 121 % respectively at 40° C and at a pH of 7. The residual activities at the end of 40 days of storage at 4° C were 96.6 and 80 % respectively. The former surface exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and the attached colonies were 4 and 3.2 times less when compared to the bare polycaprolactam after 24 hours of incubation. The latter surface reduced the bacterial colonies by 8 and 9 times when compared to the bare polymer against the same organisms respectively. Both the surfaces reduced the amounts of dry biomass, protein and carbohydrate content in the bacterial biofilm. This study indicates that stable and mono molecular layer coated antimicrobial surfaces could be prepared using enzymes. Such surfaces could find applications in the design of implantable or topical biomaterials which require prevention of biofilm. Keywords: Polycaprolactam, subtilisin, lipase, Langmuir Blodgett technique. SL-140 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: biopharmaceuticals discovery (CNS, cancer, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune); vaccines; antibodies; protein engineering A MOUSE MODEL TO IDENTIFY COOPERATING SIGNALING PATHWAYS IN CANCER Monica Musteanu, Leander Blaas, Rainer Zenz, Jasmin Svinka, Thomas Hoffmann, Beatrice Grabner, Daniel Schramek, Hans-Peter Kantner, Mathias Müller, Thomas Kolbe, Thomas Rülicke, Richard Moriggl, Lukas Kenner, Dagmar Stoiber, Josef Martin Penninger, Helmut Popper, Emilio Casanova, and Robert Eferl Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Doktor Bohr-Gasse 7, A1030 Vienna, Austria; E-Mail: robert.eferl@meduniwien.ac.at We have recently established a mouse cancer model called Ras effector (RasE) Multi-Hit to dissect the requirements of Ras downstream effector pathways in tumorigenesis. The model harbours a Multi-Hit transgene for Cre-mediated stochastic activation of S35, G37 and C40 HrasV12 mutant alleles. These oncogenic HrasV12 mutants carry specific mutations in the Ras effector domain and are surrogates for Ras-induced selective activation of MAPK (S35), RALGEF (G37) and PI3K (C40) downstream effector pathways. Stochastic activation of these mutants in lungs of AdenoCre-treated RasE mice demonstrated a potent cooperativity of MAPK, RALGEF and PI3K downstream effector pathways in lung tumor formation and invasiveness. Moreover, we demonstrated that lung tumor formation in RasE mice was accelerated upon deletion of the tumor suppressor protein PTEN. A potential modulation for the requirement of Ras downstream effector pathways in the absence of tumor suppressor genes is currently investigated. Moreover, we have established a Multi-Hit mouse model for investigation of PI3K/AKT signalling that allows evaluation of AKT1, 2, and 3 gene family members in tumorigenesis. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 37 SL-121 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing DYADIC'S C1 ENZYME TECHNOLOGY UPDATE, ON THE ROAD TO CELLULOSIC SUGARS FOR FUELS AND CHEMICALS Mark Emalfarb Dyadic International, Inc., 140 Intracoastal Pointe Drive, Suite 404, Jupiter, FL 33477, USA; E-mail: memalfarb@dyadic.com Dyadic develops the filamentous fungus Myceliophthora thermophila C1, as a proprietary protein expression platform for the efficient production of enzymes. Recently, re-sequencing of the C1 genome has been completed and approximately 10.000 genes were identified by automated annotation. At present, this knowledge is being exploited to improve the performance of C1 production strains and the enzymes produced by dedicated genetic modification. The annotated genome of C1 revealed an impressive number of carbohydrate active and oxidative enzymes, which in an appropriate composition can decompose lignocellulosic biomass completely. This notion prompted the development of C1 as a producer of low-cost enzyme mixtures for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars for biofuel and chemicals production processes. Such processes are very diverse as a result of the many different types of lignocellulosic biomass, pretreatment procedures and microbial conversion systems. An enzyme system that is robust and highly active on a variety of lignocellulosic biomasses is therefore imperative for successful broad application. By recruiting the genes from C1 which were shown to encode the most effective carbohydrate active enzymes in dedicated production strains, high quality and cost-effective enzyme mixtures were developed. These enzyme mixtures efficiently converted a variety feedstocks, e.g. corn stover, wheat straw, sugar cane bagasse and paper waste, into fermentable sugars. Importantly, the enzyme mixtures developed showed high activity at broad temperature and pH-ranges, enabling their use in nonconventional biofuels and chemicals processes. In particular the thermophilic nature of C1-enzyme mixtures in combination with their activity at higher pH was shown to be a unique advantage over the traditional lignocellulosic enzymes produced by other fungi, like Trichoderma. An important aspect of the C1-enzyme mixtures developed is that they are produced by a single strain, facilitating the enzyme production process and its implementation on site. An overview will be given covering the latest results of the development of C1 as a versatile enzyme production platform and, in particular, a producer of commercially competitive biofuel enzymes. SL-75 Track: Other Areas: Food; Marine; Bio-safety; Systems Biology, Clinical Research/clinical trials; bioethics; nanobiotechnology LINAC RADIOSURGERY FOR BRAIN ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS - SINGLE INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE FROM SAUDI ARABIA Muhammad Mohsin Fareed Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 59046, Saudi Arabia; E-mail: mfareed@kfmc.med.sa Background: We present clinical outcome, obliteration rates and predictor factors of treatment success following Linear accelerator radiosurgery for brain AVM. Methods: Collection of demographic data, AVM and treatment characteristics along with clinical and radiographic follow up information was done for 13 patients who underwent LINAC radiosurgery for brain AVM. Results: These included 7 males and 6 females with median age of 22 years. Intracranial hemorrhage was a presenting feature in 7 (54 %) patients. Prior embolization was done in 10 (77%) patients. The mean AVM score was 0.97 with 3 patients having AVM score ≥ 1 with mean Spetzler-Martin grade of 2.7 and 8 (62%) patients having grade 3 or more. Median follow up was 30 months. Mean dose delivered was 21.1 Gy in single fraction. Complete obliteration of AVM nidus was achieved in 9 (70%) patients while 4 patients (30%) had partial obliteration. Six patients (67 %) achieved 38 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 complete obliteration among 9 who had AVM score of less than 1. Post radiosurgery neurological deficit occurred in only one patient in form of right temporal field loss. Conclusion: Linear accelerator based radiosurgery is promising treatment option for brain AVMs in majority of cases with reasonable adverse effect profile. SL-80 Track: Others Areas APPLICATION OF NANOFERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS IN DEPRESSING OF LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS IN BLOOD Pang Xiao Feng and Zhao Qiang Institute of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; E-mail: pangxf2006@yahoo.com.cn We propose a new materials and technique to depress the low density lipoproteins in the blood using nanoferroferric oxide materials. Nanoferroferric oxide materials of nanoFe3O4 are synthesized and studied completely, including their physical and biological properties and toxicity. In addition, the features and stability of the complex of nanoFe3O4 particles grafted onto dextran sulfate as well as their ability to absorb low density lipoproteins are examined. Through these systematic investigations, it is determined that this can provide an effective technique for the removal of low density lipoproteins from blood. In these experiments, first, the nanoFe3O4 powders are synthesized using a chemical coprecipitation method, and their sizes and scales are measured using SEM, giving a size range of 50-60 nm and a globular crystalline shape. The features of the infrared absorption of the nanoFe3O4 powders are collected and it is determined that the nanoFe3O4 powders include many hydroxyls with characteristic wavenumbers at 580 cm-1 and 1624 cm-1. As well, the influences of the nanoparticles on the crystalline states of amino acid molecules and on the proliferation of the primary chick embryo cells by MTT assay are studied. The obtained OD values are used to calculate the RGR (Relative Generation Rate) of cells. Thus, it was determined that the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles is low, making them a suitable alternative for use in living systems. Subsequently, the dextran sulfate is grafted onto the surface of the nanoFe3O4 powders to form a complex and the thermal stability of the dextran sulfate and the firmness degree of the complex are investigated as well as its mechanism of incorporation. The investigation shows that the dextran sulfate is very stable and not dissociated, when it is heated and circumfluenced about 20 minutes at 60oC under the alkalinity conditions produced by NaOH. In addition, a study of the infrared absorption spectra of the complex shows that the dextran sulfates are well grafted onto the surface of the nanoFe3O4 powders, and its likely grafting mechanism is through dipole-dipole or hydrogen bond interactions. Finally, the capability of the dextran sulfate and nanoFe3O4 complex to absorb low density lipoproteins is examined. The measurement of the infrared spectra of absorption shows that the complex circumfluenced at 60oC can absorb the low density lipoproteins. Its mechanism of absorption is likely through dipole-dipole or hydrogen bond interactions between the sulfuric acid groups of dextran sulfate and the hydroxyls or other groups of the low density lipoproteins. Our in vitro experiments show that the absorbing rate of the complex of the dextran sulfate and the nanoFe3O4 to the low density lipopro- tein at 600C is larger relative to that at 100C, which can reach 8.4%. Therefore, this is a new and successful technique for depressing Low density lipoproteins in blood and may be applied in the cure of atherosclerotic hardening sickness. Keywords: Nanoferroferric oxide, absorption effects, Low density lipoprotein, blood, dextran sulfate , nanoferroferric spheroid, cytotoxicity. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 39 SL-65 Track: Others Areas PREPARATION OF NANO-ZrO2 / HA COATING ON SURFACE OF TITANIUM MATERIALS IN DENTAL-IMPLANT AND ITS FEATURES Pang Xiao Feng and Zhao Qiang Institute of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; E-mail: pangxf2006@yahoo.com.cn Titanium and its alloys，due to its excellent biocompatibility，corrosion resistance and mechanical properties，are widely used as orthopedic and dental implants in the medical field However，they don’t exhibit good bioactivity On the contrary，hydroxyapatite (HA) has excellent bioactivity and it can induce the formation of new bone formation because of the comparability of chemical composition between HA and bone tissue, but HA has a feature of toughness and low tensile strength, which limit the application of HA in the bearing position in human body Thus，the Ti/HA composite, which are obtained from the surface modification of titanium and its alloys, is prepared and used. However its applications are limited due to the low of combined strength because of difference of physical property (such as elastic modulus，thermal expansion coefficient) between titanium alloy and hydroxyapatite. In this case it is very necessary to lift the uniformity and adhesion strength of electrolytically deposited hydroxyapatite (HA) coating on Ti surface. Thus we prepared the hydroxyapatite/ZrO2 double layers coating on Ti implant alloy in ZrO(NO3)2 aqueous solution using the electrochemical coating method, in which the mixed solution of Ca(NO3)2 and NH4H2PO4b is used, the best interracial bonding strength composite coatings were successfully prepared on the titanium surface by controlling experimental parameters, such as the concentration of organic modifier in the electrolyte, temperature，pH value，and deposition time. In order to enhance the bonding strength between HA/ZrO2 double layers coating and titanium substrate, vacuum heat treatment of the composite coatings at 600℃ and 700℃ was studied. The crystal structure and morphology of the HA/ZrO2 composite coatings were characterized with XRD, FTIR, SEM and EDS. Simulated body fluid immersion test and osteoblasts (MG-63) culture were used to evaluate the biological activity and biocompatibility of HA/ZrO2 double layers composite coating, respectively. SEM，EDS and FTIR tests indicated that uniform and homogeneous HA/ZrO2 coating are formed on Ti substrates by electric deposition method. Tensile tests revealed that HA/ZrO2 coatings had better combined strength, which is larger than that of pure HA coatings. The adhesion strength of electrolytic deposited HA on Ti alloy was dramatically increased to 24.2MPa form 7.4MPa. Simulated body fluid immersion test proved that the as-prepared composite coatings had good bioactivity to induce calcium phosphate formation under simulated physiological environment. The Osteoblasts attached firmly and proliferated well on the surface of composite coatings, these results indicated that the composite coating possesses an excellent biocompatibility. ALP bioactivity test also proved that it has also a good bioactivity. Keyword: Electrochemical deposition, HA/ZrO2 double layer coating, biocompatibility. SL-56 Track: Regenerative Medicine NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS FOR CLINICAL APPLICATION BONE AND CARTILAGE REGENERATION: E. Kon1, G. Filardo1, S. Patella1, A. Di Martino2, B. Di Matte2, F.Perdisa2, L. Merli2, M. Marcacci1,2 1 Nano-Biotechnology Lab, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy; E-mail: e.kon@biomec.ior.it Biomechanics Lab, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy 2 Introduction Over the last years, different treatments have been proposed for osteochondral defects while research is moving toward the bioengineered approach when dealing with articular cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration. 40 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 We performed a clinical pilot study using a newly developed nanostructured biomimetic scaffold to treat chondral and osteochondral lesions of the knee; its safety and manageability, as much as the surgical procedure reproducibility and the clinical outcome at medium term follow-up, were evaluated in order to test its intrinsic potential without any cells colture aid. Materials and Methods Tissue engineering has emerged as a promising alternative strategy that essentially develops viable substitutes capable of either repairing or regenerating the functions of the damaged tissue. The osteochondral scaffold we used was obtained by enucleating equine collagen type 1 fibrils with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in 3 different layers with different gradient ratios, at physiological conditions. 30 patients (9F, 21M, mean age 29.3 yy) affected by symptomatic grade III-IV chondral and osteochondral lesions of the knee (ICRS evaluation package) were enrolled and underwent implantation of the scaffold. Some patients had multiple lesions treated. Twentyfive out of 30 patients were analyzed prospectively at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months using the Cartilage Standard Evaluation Form, as proposed by ICRS, and a high resolution MRI. The sites of the defects were: 6 medial femoral condyles, 5 lateral femoral condyles, 10 patellae, 7 trochleae, and 2 lateral tibial plateaus. The average size of the defects was 2.9 ± 1.3 cm2. Etiology was traumatic in 5 cases, microtraumatic/degenerative in 14 cases, and 6 patients were affected by osteochondritis dissecans. Results Twenty-five patients were evaluated up to 60 months of follow-up. We detected a statistically significant clinical improvement and function recovery with respect to the pre-operative assessment. Mean pre-op IKDC subjective score was 40.0 ± 14.7. The trend was positive since the 12 months f-up and the results were confirmed at the following evaluations. At final evaluation mean IKDC-subjective was 78.0 ± 17.9, thus showing a statistically significant improvement, stable over time. Mean pre-injury Tegner score was 5.0 ± 2.5, whereas at pre-treatment evaluation it was 2.0 ± 1.0. A significant increase was registered at 12 months f-up with a mean value of 4.0 ± 1.7, with a further, statistically not significant, rise at 36 months f-up, and good results confirmed even at 5 years evaluation (4.3 ± 2.1). These results show a statistically significant improvement (p<0.05) from pre-op level, even if the final sport activity level is lower than the pre-injury one. MRI evaluation revealed a good integration of the scaffold and a satisfactory filling of the defect. Conclusions This new minimally invasive one-step surgical technique we used seems to be an easy and effective procedure. The results registered are very encouraging and this procedure shows satisfactory outcomes even in large osteochondral lesions or complex cases. The obtained data suggest that this surgery could be successfully performed in knee chondral or osteochondral lesions. Tissue engineering has emerged as an excellent way to repair and regenerate the damaged tissue with the potential to circumvent all the limitations of autologous and allogeneic tissue repair, but the role of many variables that may influence the final outcome needs to be clarified with further systematic long term evaluation in order to optimize the potential benefits of the new biological regenerative procedures. SL-19 Track: Medical Biotechnology A SYSTEMS-BIOLOGY APPROACH TO HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE Ernest Fraenkel Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Email: fraenkel@MIT.EDU We are using an approach based on transcriptional, epigenomic and proteomic methods to uncover the pathways that are altered in Huntington’s disease (HD), a fatal autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder. HD is caused by a CAG expansion leading to a polyglutamine extension in the huntingtin protein and is characterized by problems with movement, cognition and behavioral function. Although the genetic basis for the disease is clear, the mechanism by which World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 41 huntingtin causes the observed symptoms remains enigmatic. In this talk, I will report on our latest results integrating high-throughput experiments to obtain an unbiased view of the molecular basis of the disease. SL-18 Track: Plant and Environment GM BARLEY WITH MODULATED CYTOKININ LEVEL: AIMING AT IMPROVED YIELD AND STRESS TOLERANCE Ivo Frébort Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; E-mail: ivo.frebort@upol.cz Growing human population brings new challenges for plant biotechnology to increase and stabilize crop yield under various environmental stresses. As shown for model plants, enhanced abiotic stress tolerance can be achieved by lowering the content of plant hormones cytokinins in the roots that leads to a selective expansion of the root system. In the presented study, immature barley embryos were transformed with different genes coding for the cytokinin degrading enzyme cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX) under root-specific promoters with vacuolar, plastidial, apoplastic or cytoplasmic targeting. Transgenic homozygous plants of T2 generation produced an expanded root system and in greenhouse experiments under reduced watering exhibited higher relative water content than control plants. Alternatively, nutrient transport into endosperm is positively regulated by cytokinins in the aleurone layer; therefore spatial silencing of the degradation enzyme leads to an increased grain filling and thus improved yield. Transgenic plants with CKX silencing cassette were prepared and analyzed. To date, no commercial transgenic crop plant with altered cytokinin levels has been released. It will be discussed how these alterations influence various physiological processes during plant ontogenesis, focusing on possible applications in plant biotechnology and agriculture. Keywords: Barley, genetic modification, cytokinin, stress tolerance, yield. SL-25 Track: Medical Biotechnology SAMPLE PREP CHALLENGES FOR DIAGNOSTIC RNAseq Ute Geigenmüller, Joel Skoletsky, Cindy Proulx, Matthew Woods, Doris Damian, Marie Causey and Stanley Letovsky SynapDx Corp, 153 Cordaville E-mail: ugeigenmuller@synapdx.com Rd, Southborough, MA 01772, United States; SynapDx is developing a diagnostic test based on gene expression signatures in blood-derived RNA. RNA extracted from blood collected in PAXgene Blood RNA tubes (PreAnalytiX) is analyzed by RNAseq on the HiSeq 2000 Sequencing system (Illumina). Since technical variability in expression signals can mask or distort biologically significant differences in gene expression, it is critical to identify all major sources of technical variability when using RNAseq for diagnostic purposes and to develop strategies for routine monitoring of technical variability, both prospectively for quality control (QC) of reagents and experimental procedures and retrospectively for data QC. Here, we describe the contribution of the blood collection procedure as well as handling, shipping, and storage of blood samples to technical variability in intra- and inter-individual expression signals detected by RNAseq of poly(A) selected RNA. Data were also analyzed for batch effects due to reagent lots used for RNA extraction, sequencing library 42 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 preparation, or sequencing. Utility of RNA RIN number and A260/230 ratio for prospective QC and of ERCC Spike-In Control Mixes (Ambion) for retrospective QC is discussed. SL-61 Track: Medical Biotechnology EMBEDDING BIOLOGICAL MECHANISM IN STATISTICAL LEARNING Donald Geman Department of Applied Math and Statistics Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St. Baltimore, MD 21218, United States; E-mail: geman@jhu.edu Computational biology is replete with attempts to detect disease phenotypes and predict clinical outcomes from large-scale bio-molecular data, such as RNA expression, using standard statistical learning. Still, clinical applications remain scarce. Perhaps the main reason is that the decision rules that emerge are too complex, impeding biological understanding and mechanistic interpretation, for instance in terms of transcriptional regulation. I will discuss a strategy for designing classifiers which hard-wires biological switches and regulatory motifs into the learning process itself. SL-73 Track: Medical Biotechnology MULTI-PRONGED APPROACH TO DRUG REPURPOSING IN GIST Ziyan Pessetto1, Michael Ochs2, Bin Chen3, Yan Ma1, Lori Rink4, Atul J. Butte3, Scott Weir1,5 and Andrew K. Godwin1,5 1 University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 3 Stanford University, Stanford, CA 4 Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 5 University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; E-mail: agodwin@kumc.edu 2 Although imatinib mesylate (IM) has transformed the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), many patients experience primary/secondary drug resistance and metastatic GIST remains largely incurable. Rare or orphan diseases, including GIST, are defined in the U.S. as diseases affecting less than 200,000 patients. Although orphan diseases individually affect small groups of patients, collectively 25-30 million patients are affected in the U.S. alone. Given the costs associated with the discovery, development, registration and commercialization of new drug treatments, it has been traditionally been difficult for pharmaceutical companies to achieve an adequate return on investment for orphan diseases such as GIST. Drug repurposing strategies afford opportunities to accelerate new treatments to patients suffering from rare diseases at lower costs. To accelerate the development of new therapies for GIST patients, we employed a multi-pronged approach including in silico predictions of drug efficacy through an integrated bioinformatics approach as well as low-throughput in vitro screens of FDAapproved drugs. Using clinical pre-treatment biopsy samples from a prospective neoadjuvant phase II trial (RTOG 0132), we previously identified a 38-gene signature that includes KRAB-ZNF 91 subfamily members that could predict response to IM (PMID: 19671739). We further demonstrated that 17 of these IM-sensitizing genes, including 12 ZNFs, were not only predictive of IM response but mediate the drug’s activity (Rink et al., in press 2013). This IM resistant signature was fed into Connectivity Map of 1,309 drug compounds, yielding 20 candidate drugs (FDR<0.05), including anti-infective, anthelmintic, and anti-psychotic agents that reversed the gene signatures in unrelated cancer cell lines. Validation of these drugs demonstrated limited single agent activity at physiologically relevant concentrations in GIST World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 43 cells, including two mutant GIST cell lines and an imatinib-resistant variant, but several demonstrated significant synergistic effects when combined with IM. In parallel, we developed and executed a quantitative screen to assess a 797 FDA-approved drug library to identify potential new drug treatments for GIST. In total, 29 drugs demonstrated in vitro activity (IC50<1 µM) against one or more of the GIST cell lines. Four drugs had activity across all three of the GIST cell lines. One of the most notable drug hits discovered through the screening approach was auranofin (Ridaura®), an oral, gold-containing agent approved by the FDA in 1985 for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Auranofin was found to inhibit thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity and induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, leading to dramatic inhibition of GIST cell growth and viability. Importantly, the anti-cancer activity associated with auranofin was independent of IM resistant status, but was closely related to the endogenous and inducible levels of ROS. Overall, this multi-pronged approach uncovered several lead compounds that can be used alone or in combination with IM and can rapidly be translated into clinical trials, particularly in GIST patients suffering from imatinib-resistant and recurrent forms of this disease. SL-95 Track: Medical Biotechnology DERIVATION OF HUMAN BROWN ADIPOCYTES THROUGH REPROGRAMMING Dawei Gong Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine; E-mail: dgong@medicine.umaryland.edu Obesity is caused by increase in energy intake and/or decrease in energy expenditure. Therefore, to treat obesity is to reverse the cause by reducing energy intake and/or increasing energy expenditure. Decades of researches have shown that weight loss through lifestyle change is difficult to sustain for a majority of obese people and drugs to suppress food intake is associated with significant side effects. Thus, obesity researchers turn their attention to brown adipocytes, a type of cells dissipating energy. There are two distinctive types of adipose tissues; white adipose tissue (WAT) is to store energy in the form of triacylglyerols and brown adipose tissue (BAT) to dissipate energy as heat. BAT was thought to exist only in infant humans but recent demonstration of its presence in adult humans has led to great interest in BAT research for antiobesity application, since mice with increased BAT activity(browning) or transplanted BAT in mice are protective against obesity and dyslipidemia. In adult humans, BAT is present diffusively in area of neck, trunk and clavicles, and hence, it is very difficult to conduct biopsy to obtain pure brown adipocytes for research. Little is known about the identity and metabolic characteristics of human primary brown adipocytes. Recently, human brown adipocytes have been derived through differentiation of iPSCs. Although these cells are an excellent research tool for studying human brown adipocytes, direct application of iPSC-derived brown adipocytes for obesity treatment is still remote. We reasoned that human adipose stromal vascular cells can be directly reprogrammed or converted into brown adipocytes by over-expressing a set of defined “browning” transcription factors. Importantly, since the adipose tissue is a residence for brown adipocyte as physiologically as possible, the technology and knowledge learned from the direct BA reprogramming can quickly translated into an antiobesity therapy. Toward this goal, we have expressed PPAR, C/EBP, PGC1 and PRDM16, four transcription factors known to be important for adipogenesis and browning, in human adipose stromal vascular cells and derived adipocytes that express UCP1, the molecular and functional marker of brown adipocytes. We have thus been able to obtain brown adipocytes through direct reprogramming and are characterizing the functionality of the reprogrammed brown adipocytes. 44 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-49 Track: Medical Biotechnology TH E MI C R O E NVI R O NME NT P L A Y S A N I MP O R TA NT R O L E I N THE A B I L I TY O F AEROSOL GEMC ITA B INE A ND L IP O SO MA L 9 - NITRO CAMP TO THECIN TO ELICIT THERAPEUTIC EFFECT ON OSTEOSARCOMA LUNG METASTASES Nancy Gordon1,2, Mario Hollomon1,2, Hsuan-Chu Chien1,2, Janice Santiago O’farril12 and Eugenie S. Kleinerman1,2 The Children’s Cancer Hospital, University of Texas M.D. Anderson; Cancer Center. 1Division of Pediatrics and 2Department of Cancer Biology, Houston, TX 77030, USA; E-mail: ngordon@mdanderson.org The study demonstrates the importance of both an intact signaling pathway and the FasL lung microenvironment for the therapeutic efficacy of aerosol Gemcitabine (GCB) and Liposomal 9Nitrocamptothecin (L9- NC) in Osteosarcoma (OS) lung metastases. Lung metastases constitute the main cause of death in OS patients. We previously identified a role for Fas in OS cell lung metastasis and showed that FasL expression in the lung microenvironment allowed clearance of Fas positive tumor cells and survival of Fas negative cells, which then gave rise to the tumor. In addition, we demonstrated that blocking the Fas pathway decreased tumor cell clearance and increased tumor cell growth in the lung. Treatment of OS lung metastases with IL-12, GCB or L9-NC upregulated Fas expression and caused tumor regression. GCB and L9-NC activated the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and blockade of the Fas pathway in tumor cells decreased activation of the intrinsic pathway and therapeutic efficacy of these agents in vivo. Therapeutic effect of the drugs was also abolished in the absence of constitutive FasL in the lung. Consistent with a role for FAS in clearing OS lung metastasis, rapid progression of tumors was seen in FasL deficient mice despite aerosol GCB or L-9NC treatment. In conclusion, our study underscores the importance of an intact FAS signaling pathway in tumor cells and FASL in the tumor microenvironment in OS lung metastasis and its therapeutic clearance. SL-34 Track: Medical Biotechnology SKIN2TEX: NOVEL BIOTECHNOLOGICAL STRATEGIES TO DEVELOP NON-TOXIC ANTIMICROBIAL TEXTILE-BASED-MATERIALS FOR HEALTHCARE APPLICATIONS I. Gouveia1 and E. Piskin2, 1 R&D Unit Textile and Paper Materials, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; E-mail: igouveia@ubi.pt; 2Biyomedtek, Hacettepe University, Turkey Recent studies strongly support that bacterial contamination of textiles in a clinical setting is one of the most probably causes of hospital infections. The use of antimicrobial textiles may significantly reduce this risk of infections. Several antimicrobial agents have been tested in textiles but the majority have a reduce spectrum of microbial inhibition and may cause skin irritation, ecotoxicity and bacteria resistance. To overcome these disadvantages our innovative strategy to develop antimicrobial-textiles considers the use of natural defensive aminoacids and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as effective, durable and non-toxic antimicrobial agents to give "protective-skin" to textiles, with potential for biomedical use. Natural antimicrobial substances have a high structural diversity and a broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, fungi, and in particular cases, some viruses, with the added advantage of not displaying cytotoxicity or ecotoxicity . New processes for biofunctionalization of natural textile-based-materials and the respective evaluation of the biocidal mechanism, efficiency, durability and toxicity, were investigated with the most promising results which were published in our most recent Patents (PAT104540, PAT104823). Therefore, "skin to textiles" is an innovative approach and may open new avenues for the design of biomedical textiles or biomaterials with a broad range of applications in healthcare. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 45 References        Gouveia I., Sá D. and Henriques M. 2011. Functionalization of Wool with L-Cysteine: Process Characterization and Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 124: 1352–1358. Ristić T., Zemljič L. F., Novak M., Kunčič M. K., Sonjak S., Cimerman G., et al. (2011). Antimicrobial efficiency of functionalized cellulose fibers as potential medical textiles. Health Care, 36-51. Gao Y., Cranston, R. (2008). Recent Advances in Antimicrobial Treatments of Textiles, Textile Research Journal 78, 60-72 Gouveia I.C. (2010). Nanobiotechnology: A new strategy to develop non-toxic antimicrobial textiles. Applied Microbiology, 407414. Joshi M., Ali S. W., Purwar R. (2009). Ecofriendly antimicrobial finishing of textiles using bioactive agents based on natural products. Indian Journal of Fiber Textile Research 34, 295-304. Kari C., Nagy Z., Kovács P., Hernádi F. (1971). Mechanism of the Growth Inhibitory Effect of Cysteine on Escherichia coli. Journal of General Microbiology 68, 349-356. Ana P. Gomes, João F. Mano, João A. Queiroz, Isabel C. Gouveia "Layer-by-Layer deposition of antimicrobial polyelectrolytes on cotton fibres" Journal of Polymers and the Environment 20(4);2012;1084-1094. Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Fundaçãopara a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) for the funding granted nconcerning the project - PTDC/EBB-BIO/113671/2009 Skin2Tex. Also we would like to thank Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) through COMPETE – ProgramaOperacionalFactores de Competitividade (POFC) for the co-funding. SL-23 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing PERSPECTIVES OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY WITH PURPLE BACTERIA DRIVEN BY SYSTEMS BIOLOGY Hartmut Grammel, Steffen Klamt and Robin Ghosh Biberach University of Applied Science, Biberach, Germany; E-mail: grammel@hochschule-bc.de Anoxygenic photosynthetic purple bacteria are well-known to offer highly attractive opportunities for industrial applications. Potential products derived from intracytoplasmic photosynthetic membranes (ICM) include pigments, coenzymes, biohydrogen, biopolymers and recombinant membrane proteins. Since high levels of ICM are formed anaerobically at low-light intensities, most attempts to exploit purple bacteria were so far conducted phototrophically, using light as energy source. However, mass cultivation of photosynthetic microorganisms is generally inefficient due to the inevitable limitation of light when cell densities become very high. It is thus interesting that in Rhodospirillum rubrum the highlevel production of ICM can be completely separated from light, when the bacteria are grown microaerobically in the dark with a two-carbon substrate growth medium. On the basis of this cultivation process, we applied a systems approach using a combination of bioreactor cultivations, metabolomics and computational modelling to develop R. rubrum for biotechnological applications. This work is intended to open a new perspective for utilizing photosynthetic bacteria in biotechnology. The presented examples include the production of biohydrogen, industrially relevant carotenoids and the utilization of carbon dioxide as a feedstock for bioprocesses. 46 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-108 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ENHANCED IMMUNE REACTIVITIES AGAINST CANCER: OPTIMIZED MONO- AND BISPECIFIC ANTIBODES FOR THE TREATMENT OF AML Ludger Grosse-Hovest Synimmune GmbH, Auf der Morgenstelle E-mail: ludger.grosse-hovest@uni-tuebingen.de 15, 72070 Tübingen, Germany; In recently described strategies, the optimization of monospecific antibodies by defined genetic modification of the antibody Fc-region results in a markedly enhanced ADCC reactivity mediated by NK cells. It is widely expected that such modifications will generally improve the therapeutic activity of “third generation” antibodies. Although we share this view, we also believe that one should aim for more than just improved ADCC of therapeutic antibodies. For this reason we designed optimized bispecific antibodies capable of effectively recruiting and activating T cells in the tumor. We have succeeded in developing a novel bispecific antibody scaffold with monovalent binding to each antigen. Here, I present results from the development of i) an Fc-optimized and ii) a bispecific antibody for the treatment of AML. Both antibodies are directed to FLT3, expressed on leukemic cells of AML patients. The antibodies have been characterized extensively in preclinical assays and the monospecific antibody has recently been applied to patients with minimal residual disease (MRD). In addition, we have developed a bispecific antibody with FLT3-CD3-specificity in our novel format to recruit T cells rather than Fc receptor positive immune cells against leukemic cells for the therapy of progressive leukemia. SL-125 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: biopharmaceuticals discovery (CNS, cancer, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune); vaccines; antibodies; protein engineering PROTECTION OF PANCREATIC ANTIOXIDANTS AND HEPATIC ENZYMES STATUS BY PTEROSTILBENE IN STREPTOZOTOCIN DIABETIC RATS Rajnish Gupta, R.S. Gupta, Deepika Pareek and M.P. Dobhal Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; rajnish_gupta1985@hotmail.com Aim of present study was to investigate the effect of pterostilbene (PS, 4-[(E)-2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]phenol) on carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant status in streptozotocin diabetic rats. PS was isolated from Pterocarpus marsupium with methanolic extraction followed by hexane-chloroform elution (1:1). Ninety 'Wistar' rats were randomized into ten groups namely: Control, Diabetic, Normal group as well as Diabetic group treated with PS at 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg b.wt./day, Normal group treated with glibenclamide, Diabetic group treated with glibenclamide for 21 days and serum, pancreas and liver tissue biochemical parameters were measured for any pathological alterations. PS administration to diabetic rats suppresses the progression of diabetes. Marked decrease was observed in glycated hemoglobin and serum glucose with concomitant increase in serum insulin level. In addition to this, PS treatment also increased the antioxidant enzymes, glycolytic enzymes and also protein levels with a decrease in the level of thiobarbituric acid-reactive oxygen species and gluconeogenic enzymes. Present study suggests PS administration markedly normalized the abnormal serum as well as hepatic-pancreas tissue biochemical parameters and thus can provide a better antidiabetic drug. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 47 SL-94 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing TRANSGENIC PRODUCTION OF BRANCHED CHAIN FATTY ACIDS Carol Hartley, Isaac Ugwumba and Roslyn Mourant CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia; E-mail: Carol.Hartley@csiro.au Naturally produced branched chain fatty acids are appealing to the oleochemical industry for application in the production of lubricants, paints, coatings, dyes and plastics. Bio-based production of saturated branched-chain fatty acids (sbcFAs) for industrial application is currently limited by the lack of characterized enzyme systems to produce sbcFAs in transgenic oil production systems. One solution might involve the engineering of well-characterized acyl lipid-modifying enzymes to produce sbcFAs. We modeled the active site of the Escherichia coli cyclopropyl fatty acid synthase (CPFAS) enzyme based on the known structures of mycolic CPFAS enzymes, and applied a rational mutagenesis strategy to try and alter the reaction products. The transgenic production of sbcFAs by these variants was assessed in yeast cell lipids, as a eukaryotic model system for oil production. One resultant enzyme variant produced both sbcFAs and cyclopropyl fatty acids, but with low yields, which we were not improved with further rational mutagenesis. Nonetheless, our results demonstrated the first successful accumulation of significant levels of cyclopropyl fatty acids in a transgenic cell system with the potential to generate a novel bio-based alternative to petrochemical feedstocks for the manufacturing industry. Towards this end we have further explored the mechanisms of accumulation of cyclopropyl fatty acids in yeast cells using a number of different cyclopropyl fatty acid synthase enzymes. SL-10 Track: Medical Biotechnology MODULATION OF A NOVEL DEUBIQUITYLASE FOR MEDULLOBLASTOMA THERAPY RJ Hatcher1, CM Das1, V Datar1, P Taylor1, A Singh1, D Lee1, G Fuller2, L Ji3, J Fangursaro4, V Rajaram5, S Goldman4, C Eberhart6 and V Gopalakrishnan1, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 1 Department of Pediatrics and Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson CancerCenter, Houston, TX, USA; E-mail: rjhatcher@mdanderson.org 2 Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 3 Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 4 Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA 5 Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA 6 Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 7 Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 8 Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 9 Centers for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 10 Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 11 Program in Neuroscience, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most malignant pediatric brain tumor and frequently arises in the cerebellum. Current therapeutic modalities cause significant damage to the normal brain. Therefore, there is a dire need for new therapies that target tumor specific molecular events. Medulloblastomas are characterized by deregulated proliferation and poor neuronal differentiation. Expression of the RE1 Silencing Transcription Factor (REST), a repressor of neuronal differentiation is elevated in human medulloblastoma samples and correlates with lack of differentiation and is 48 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 associated with poor prognosis. REST loss prevents tumor formation in mouse xenograft models. Its overexpression in neural progenitors contributes to tumor development. Recently, we demonstrated that elevated REST expression also contributes to uncontrolled cell proliferation. We discovered that REST represses the transcription of a novel deubiquitylase called USP37, which stabilizes the cell cycle regulator p27. Constitutive USP37 expression blocked REST-mediated destabilization of p27 and tumor cell hyperproliferation in vitro and prevented tumor formation in vivo, suggesting that it has tumor suppressive properties. Consistent with this, patient samples that had low USP37 also exhibited low p27 protein levels. REST is an epigenetic modulator of gene expression and silences target gene transcription through the histone deacetylase (HDAC) and histone methyltransferase (HMT) chromatin remodeling complexes. Interestingly, genetic and pharmacological modulation of the HMT complex, upregulated USP37 gene expression and countered REST-mediated medulloblastoma genesis. Thus, our studies have identified USP37 as a novel tumor suppressor and a potential target for medulloblastoma therapy. SL-145 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing FROM BIOREFINERY TO PERFORMANCE RENEWABLES INTO HIGH VALUE PRODUCTS TECHNOLOGY: TRANSFORMING Kathleen O’Leary Havelka Director, Product Development, Elevance Renewable Sciences, 2501 Davey Road, Woodridge, IL 60517; E-mail: kathleen.havelka@elevance.com Elevance Renewable Sciences metatheses-based biorefinery converts biomass into diverse streams. These streams are then further transformed into high value products. This talk will cover Elevance’s proprietary and integrated biorefinery process that uses Nobel Prize-winning catalyst technology to efficiently convert natural oil feedstocks into building blocks for specialty chemicals and other applications. The biorefinery outputs includes olefins and esters that can be tailored to obtain desired properties for a broad range of applications. Data will be presented comparing Elevance’s technology to conventional technology in applications ranging from consumer ingredients, to lubricants, to engineered polymers. Elevance’s novel bio-based products have demonstrated superior properties in diverse applications. SL-15 Track: Plant and Environment QUANTITATION OF ALGAL CELL GROWTH AND NEUTRAL LIPID PRODUCTION IN MICROPLATES Paul Held Laboratory Manager BioTek Instruments, Winooski, Vermont 05404; E-mail: heldp@biotek.com The increase in the price of fossil fuel based products and the reality of global climate change has brought an increased interest in renewable sources of enegy products such as algae-based biofuel, which offers many potential advantages over the food based sources of energy. Algal research has not extensively utilized the tool of microplate based high throughput screening that has been succesfully employed in pharmaceutical drug discovery. Microplate based experimentation offers the ability to measure large numbers of samples rapidly. Quantitation of algal cell growth and lipid production under various growth media conditions was performed using a microplate reader through light scatter absorbance measurments to monitor cell growth and Nile Red stain fluorescence to monitor neutral lipid production. Algal cells were found to grow to a 20 fold greater density in complete-nutrient rich media than in nitrogen deficient media. Despite the marked despartiy in cell number, cultures grown in nitrogen defiecient media exhibit 15-fold more neutral lipid staining. When nutrient deprived cells are placed in complete media lipids are quickly reabsorbed and nile World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 49 red staining returns to basal levels. The use of microplates enables the simultaneous measurement of multiple samples and experimental conditions with the same read step. SL-122 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: biopharmaceuticals discovery (CNS, cancer, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune); vaccines; antibodies; protein engineering CYTOTOXIC FEATURES OF HUMAN ANTIGENASES (CATALYTIC ANTIBODY LIGHT CHAINS) AGAINST SOME CANCER CELLS Emi Hifumi, Sari Sonoda and Taizo Uda Research Center for Applied E-mail: e-hifumi@oita-u.ac.jp Medical Engineering, Oita University, Oita-city, Oita, Japan; The authors have reported about the preparation human catalytic antibody light chains (antigenases) possessing catalytic activity, which were mostly encoded in Subgroup II in kappa type. We obtained the human antigenase gene (human kappa light chain possessing some catalytic activities) by a semi-nested PCR using cDNA prepared from human leukocytes. The obtained 18 kinds of the genes (wild type) and mutants (C220A) of a monomeric form of the antigenase were transformed in E.coli and the expressed proteins were recovered and highly purified by employing two-step purification system. Highly purified antigenases were submitted to WST assay to investigate the ability of cell cytotoxicity using A549, SNU-1 (stomach cancer), PANC-1 (pancreas cancer) and BxPC-3 (pancreas cancer) cells. The #1 antigenase showed the cytotoxicity to both A549 and SNU-1 cells but not to PANC-1 cells. The wild type showed the stronger effect than the mutant of monomeric form. Antigenases such as #A, #G, #I, and #K clone showed the cytotoxicity against A549 cells. For SNU-1 cells, #A and #D4 antigenase were toxic. For PANC-1 cells, no antigenase was effective. Proliferation of BxPC-3 was inhibited by #D antigenase. On the other hand, these antigenases were not cytotoxic for normal cells (WI-38). SL-98 Track: Medical Biotechnology RAPID IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL IMMUNODOMINANT PROTEINS AND SUBSEQUENT CHARACTERIZATION OF LINEAR EPITOPES OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA Sebastian Hoppe, Frank F. Bier and Markus V. Nickisch-Rosenegk Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; E-mail: Sebastian.Hoppe@ibmt.fraunhofer.de One of the major challenges in modern day diagnosis is the rapid and reliable detection of human pathogens. This is especially true albeit not limited to a hospital environment where nosocomial infections and multi-resistant bacteria remain an ever increasing problem. An easy-to-use point-of-care device could help to improve the situation dramatically, as testing of patients could be realized quickly upon arrival. Such proactive measures might substantially decrease the spreading of hospital-acquired diseases. The "Taschentuchlabor" envisions such a device as an integrated matrix using an antigen-antibody based sensor-actor interaction. In order to achieve specific binding and detection of numerous pathogens, potential target molecules need to be identified and subsequently characterized. Thus, a method has been devised which allows for the fast screening of bacterial proteins identifying potentially immunodominant molecules. As novel immunodominant proteins are identified and their coding sequences known, recombinant expression of these proteins can be performed using a fusion-technology named HaloTag. These candidate proteins are easily tested and characterized by different methods incorporating microarrays, SDS-PAGE, ELISA and epitope mapping. Consequently, 50 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 several novel immunodominant proteins have been identified and characterized. These encompass proteins from different bacteria, e.g. Campylobacter jejuni, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica and Staphylococcus aureus. Keywords: Antigen detection, point-of-care, Immunoscreening, HaloTag, Microarray SL-111 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology A VACCINE DEVELOPMENT PIPELINE: USING PHAGE DISPLAY FOR IDENTIFICATION OF IMMUNOGENIC PROTEINS AND GENERATION OF HUMAN ANTIBODIES FOR DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPY Michael Hust Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik, Abteilung Biotechnologie, Spielmannstr.7,38106 Braunschweig, Germany; E-mail: m.hust@tu-bs.de The identification of new immunogenic proteins of pathogens is a prerequisite for development of vaccines and diagnostic assays. We are using phage display to identify novel antigens from bacterial genome libraries. We also developed an antibody generation pipeline. The combination of both phage display based technologies led to a “vaccine development pipeline”. Here, -the technology will be described and examples for the identification of immunogenic proteins of Mycoplasma species and Salmonella typhimurium as well es examples from our antibody generation and engineering pipeline (botulinum toxins, venezuelan equine encephalitis virus) will be given. SL-105 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: biopharmaceuticals discovery (CNS, cancer, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune); vaccines; antibodies; protein engineering LIGAND DISCOVERY FOR MOSQUITO ODORANT RECEPTORS USING AN INSECT CELLBASED SCREENING PLATFORM IN CONJUNCTION WITH A Ca2+-PHOTOPROTEIN REPORTER ASSAY Kostas Iatrou Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research ''Demokritos'' Greece; E-mail: iatrou@bio.demokritos.gr Mosquito odorant receptors (ORs) are heteromeric ligand-gated ion channels whose systematic functional characterization has been carried out primarily in transgenic Drosophila flies and Xenopus oocytes in conjunction with electrophysiological analyses. In this presentation, we will report on the development of an insect cell-based assay system employing a Ca2+-sensitive photoprotein that allows robust and quantitative readout of physiological responses of Anopheles gambiae ORs to administration of odors and other relevant ligands, as well as studies on basic olfactory receptor pharmacology. Co-expression of Orco, an olfactory receptor subunit common to all heteromeric receptors, but not Gα16 is required for functional OR responses, which are distinct from PLC-directed calcium responses of G-protein coupled receptors. Recently described Orco agonists are used as tools for establishing the functionality of orphan ORs and obtaining enhanced responses from characterised ones without sacrificing specificity. Besides being a useful tool for studying the functional properties of insect ORs, the system to be described in this presentation is easily adaptable to use as screening platform for fast discovery of new olfactory receptor agonists and antagonists, potential attractants or repellents for the malaria mosquito vector. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 51 Keywords: malaria prevention, mosquito vector control, Anopheline mosquitoes, ligand discovery, receptor agonist, receptor antagonist, mosquito repellents. SL-38 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing METABOLICALLY ENGINEERED YEAST SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE FOR INCREASED ISOBUTANOL PRODUCTION Jun Ishii, Fumio Matsuda and Akihiko Kondo Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyōgo, Japan; E-mail: junjun@port.kobe-u.ac.jp The production of higher alcohols, such as C3-C5 alcohols, which can be used as fuels, fuel additives, or commodity chemicals, by engineered bacteria has received significant attention. The budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has considerable potential as a producer of higher alcohols because of its capacity to naturally fabricate fusel alcohols, in addition to its robustness and tolerance to low pH. The branched-chain higher alcohol isobutanol, which is diverged from valine biosynthetic pathway, offers higher octane value than their straight-chain counterparts with equivalent carbon numbers and can be used with current infrastructure in addition to possessing almost the same capabilities (energy density, hygroscopicity and octane number) as gasoline. However, its natural productivity is not significant. Therefore, we considered a strategy of genetic engineering to increase the levels of isobutanol production in S. cerevisiae. In this study, we show that several strategies to engineer the metabolic pathways could improve the production levels of isobutanol in S. cerevisiae. This work was supported by Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology, Creation of Innovation Centers for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Areas (Innovative Bioproduction Kobe; iBioK), MEXT, Japan, and in part by Industrial Technology Research Grant Program in 2011 from New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) of Japan. Keywords: Isobutanol, Yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Metabolic engineering. SL-8 Track: Regenerative Medicine NEW APPROACHES FOR THE LOCAL PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF FRAGILIZED OSSEOUS SITES USING DOPED-CALCIUM PHOSPHATE CEMENTS C. Mellier3, E. Verron2, V. Schnitzler3, F. Fayon4, P. Deniard5, N. Rochet6, O. Gauthier2, J.-M. Bouler2, B. Bujoli1 and P. Janvier1 1 PRES L’UNAM,CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssiniere, 44322, Nantes, France; Email: pascal.janvier@univ-nantes.fr 2 PRES L’UNAM, INSERM U791, LIOAD, 1, Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France; 3 GRAFTYS SA, 415 Rue Claude Nicolas Ledoux, 13290 Aix en provence, France 4 CEMHTI, UPR CNRS 3079, 1D Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique - 45071 Orléans, France; 5 PRES L’UNAM, UMR CNRS 6502, IMN, 2 Rue de la Houssiniere, 44322 Nantes, France; 6 CNRS UMR 6235 GePITOs, University of Nice, France Calcium phosphate based bone substitutes have the unique capacity to be resorbed in vivo according to bone remodeling kinetics and replaced by natural bone. Thus injectable calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are under intense investigation since they offer additional advantages compared to ceramics and open up new applications in the field of drug delivery systems using minimally invasive surgery in pathological osseous sites (e.g. vertebral bodies). In this context, bisphosphonate antiresorptive drugs (BP) have been successfully combined to CPCs [1]. Recently we have 52 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 explored the potential of gallium-doped calcium phosphate materials [2]. It was shown that gallium reduced the resorption activity, differentiation and formation of osteoclasts, in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, gallium did not induce any adverse effect on osteoblastic bone forming cells [3]. These results suggest that gallium may offer a promising option for regulating the excessive osteoclastic activity taking place in osteoporosis. For this reason, we are interested in investigating whether gallium can be combined with injectable CPCs for the development of a local delivery system of this ion in osteoporotic sites. Meanwhile we are also interested in improving the bioactivity of these CPCs by the addition of autologous blood as a source of fibrinogen and growth factor in their liquid phase. [1] [2] V. Schnitzler, B. Bujoli et al. Acta Biomaterialia, 2011, 7(2), 759-770. C. Mellier, P. Janvier et al. Inorg. Chem., 2011, 50 (17), 8252–8260. [3] Verron, J.-M. Bouler et al. Bristish Journal of Pharmacology, 2010, 159(8), 1681-1692. SL-84 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing ENZYME BIOTECHNOLOGY – AN INDUSTRIAL PERSPECTIVE OF BUCKMAN’S SUCCESSFUL APPLICATION OF ENZYMES IN THE PULP AND PAPER MARKET Percy Jaquess, Philip Hoekstra and Bernard Janse Sr. Biotechnology Research Scientist, Future Technologies-Buckman, Memphis, TN 38108, United States; E-mail: pajaquess@buckman.com The paper and packaging industry is an important part of the global economy. In the US alone about 400,000 people are employed in jobs related to this industry. More than 95 percent of all products in the United States are shipped in corrugated boxes. One major advantage of paper is that its basic raw material (trees) is renewable. The paper industry has a strong commitment to sustainability in maintaining forest lands and yet there is also a major commitment to recycling: 63.5 percent of paper consumed in the U.S. is recovered (2010 statistics) and recycled to be reused back in the manufacture of paper and paperboard. Since the basic raw materials used in the manufacture of pulp and paper are from natural biomass, the use of enzymes in processing these materials should work very well. In fact that is what we have found in our long experience of applying enzymes in pulp and paper. There are numerous applications of chemical products required in the conversion of wood to pulp and the subsequent production of paper from that pulp. There exists a large variety of types of paper and paperboard. The creation of this multitude of products requires a wide spectrum of chemistries. Various types of chemical products are used to provide properties like printability, color, strength, softness, and durability to paper and paperboard. There are many applications in the production of pulp or the manufacture of paper where enzymes likely will have no utility. However, in the past 15 years we have found many uses for these natural catalysts, and we have hundreds of applications of enzymes in the paper industry. We will give examples of successful commercial applications of enzymes in pulp & paper. Two special examples will be presented. Maximyze®, a Presidential Green Chemistry award winner in 2012, consists of specific enzymes and combinations of enzymes which allow for the production of paper and paperboard with improved strength and quality. This innovation provides a completely new way to increase paper strength. Sheet strength is an important quality in paper; Maximyze gives improved strength and so the weight of the paper product can be reduced or wood fiber can be replaced with mineral filler. Maximyze also allows more efficient production of paper and makes it possible to use more recycled paper. With increased strength, less energy is required in the process, and paper quality can be improved. We will illustrate real-world application of this technology, and show how it is less toxic than current alternatives, and safer to handle, manufacture, transport, and use than the current chemistries. It replaces products that are more toxic to our environment. Maximyze is biotechnology that comes from renewable resources, is safe to use, and is itself completely recyclable. Optimyze®, also an award winning technology, is an enzymatic technology used in the paper industry to facilitate the use of recycled paper in production of paper products. Recovered paper is a major source of raw materials for paper World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 53 production in the United States. In the United States most of the paper mills in operation utilize recovered paper, and half of those mills use only recycled paper. Unfortunately recovered paper is not a clean, trouble-free raw material. Significant levels of adhesives, glues, tapes, and waxes contaminate this fiber supply, and so become part of the papermaking process along with the recycled fiber. A key constituent of these contaminants is polyvinyl acetate, used widely in pressure-sensitive adhesives. The Optimyze technology contains an enzyme that can modify resins like polyvinyl acetate. The enzyme facilitates a chemical reaction in which the vinyl acetate chemistry is hydrolyzed and in the process, stickies are reduced in size and made less tacky. Optimyze is now used in dozens of paper mills around the world. Various benefits are seen, including the following. Often there is a major reduction in the use of solvents and other chemistries needed to clean the paper machines systems. Operating efficiencies improve, reducing waste. Lower quality recovered paper can be used rather than land-filled. Less downtime and improved efficiencies provides better profits for the papermaker. Buckman has twice won the Presidential Green Chemistry award presented by the U.S. EPA for application of enzymes in the Pulp and Paper industry. Buckman is currently the world leader in applying enzymes in this market and continues to strive at applying the enzymes in many industrial applications, broader than initially anticipated. Enzymes are typically readily biodegradable, with low toxicity. They are very specific for certain reactions. Both Maximyze® and Optimyze® are examples of how versatile these enzymes are in industrial chemical applications. SL-24 Track: Plant and Environment REDIRECTING PHOTOSYNTHETIC REDUCING POWER TOWARDS BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCT SYNTHESIS Agnieszka Zygadlo Nielsena, Bibi Emilie FriisZiersena, Kenneth Jensenb,c, Lærke Münter Lassena, Thiyagarajan Gnanasekarana, Carl Erik Olsenb, Birger Lindberg Møllerb and Poul Erik Jensena,1 Center for Synthetic Biology and Villum Research Centre “Pro-Active Plants”; E-mail: peje@life.ku.dk Section for Molecular Plant Biology, b Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark c Present address: Novozymes A/S, 36 Krogshoejvej, DK-2880 Bagsværd, Denmark a Besides the products of photosynthesis, the chloroplast provides the energy and carbon building blocks required for synthesis of a wealth of bioactive natural products of which many have potential uses as pharmaceuticals. In the course of plant evolution, energy generation and biosynthetic capacities have been compartmentalized. Chloroplast photosynthesis provides ATP and NADPH as well as carbon sources for primary metabolism. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) synthesize a wide spectrum of bioactive natural products, powered by single electron transfers from NADPH. P450s are present in low amounts and the reactions proceed relatively slowly due to limiting concentrations of NADPH. Here we demonstrate that it is possible to break the evolutionary compartmentalization of energy generation and P450-catalysed biosynthesis, by relocating an entire P450 dependent pathway to the chloroplast and driving the pathway by direct use of the reducing power generated by photosystem I in a light-dependent manner. The study demonstrates the potential of transferring pathways for structurally complex high-value natural products to the chloroplast and directly tapping into the reducing power generated by photosynthesis to drive the P450s using water as the primary electron donor. We analyzed plants transiently expressing the entire dhurrin pathway. Current work is directed towards establishing stable tobacco transformants with multi-enzyme pathways expressed in the chloroplast able to produce interesting bioactive compounds directly driven by light in significantly larger quantities than can be achieved in their natural hosts. 54 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-81 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing TOWARDS UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF CELLULOSE FIBRIL PROPERTIES ON PRODUCTIVE ENGAGEMENT OF CELLULASES Tina Jeoh Biological and Agricultural E-mail: tjeoh@ucdavis.edu Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; A persistent challenge in the bioconversion of cellulosic biomass to biofuels is the unsolved mechanism of hydrolysis of cellulose by cellulases. The elusiveness of the reaction mechanisms is due to complexities in the physical properties of cellulose and the complexities in the surface interactions between cellulase and cellulose. Cellobiohydrolases, the workhorse in synergistic mixtures of cellulases, are informative probes in the study of cellulase-cellulose interactions, such as to elucidate substrate properties that impact hydrolysis rates. Recent evidences suggest that the majority of the population of cellobiohydrolases bound to cellulose surfaces is inactive (non-productively bound) after a brief initial transient phase. In our work, we seek to understand physical and surface properties of cellulose microfibrils that impact productive binding of cellulases. To do so, we use Trichoderma reesei Cel7A (TrCel7A) as a probe with bacterial and algal celluloses. In one approach, we combine biochemical analyses with force microscopy to track changes in cellulose fibrils with hydrolysis rates. We have observed that bacterial cellulose fibrils undergo large changes in the supramolecular structure due to cellobiohydrolase activity where larger assemblies of hydrogen-bond associated elementary fibrils are fibrillated. Fibrillation may increase cellulose surface area, however, a concurrent decline in cellulase binding and hydrolysis rates suggest that reactive sites (reducing-ends) for TrCel7A did not increase. Based on results from these and on-going studies in our lab, I will discuss implications of cellulose fibrillar structure on cellulase hydrolysis rates. SL-103 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION OF INDIGENOUS YEAST STRAINS USED IN AMYLOLYTIC STARTERS IN ARUNACHAL PRADESH, NORTHEAST INDIA USING RAPDPCR Karuna Shrivastava1 and S. S. Sandhu 2 1 Plant-Microbe Interaction & Biotechnology Lab, Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science & Technology, Nirjuli-791109, Arunachal Pradesh, India; E-mail: karuna.nerist@gmail.com, ks@nerist.ac.in 2 Fungal Biotechnology & Non-Vertebrate Pathology Lab, Department of Biological Science, R. D. University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India Arunachal Pradesh, the north-eastern most state of India is well known for traditional fermented foods and beverages traditional called as ‘Apong’, Opo and ‘Madua’. Molecular information on genetic diversity of indigenous yeasts of NE India is limited. Moreover, to improve these strains, identification of their molecular markers is important. RAPD-PCR can generate these markers. The main aim of this research is to characterize indigenous yeasts of amylolytic starters on molecular basis. Genetic diversity of eighteen yeast strains was studied using morphological, biochemical and RAPD markers. They were identified to four genera & six species as Saccharomyces cerevisiae (4), S. bayanus (3), S. fermentati (3), Candida albicans (2), Debaryomyces hansanii (4) and Kluyveromyces wikenii (2). All species showed varying ethanol producing and ethanol tolerance capacity. Among fifteen 10-mer RAPD primers tested, five (OPX-6, OPG-16, OPK-12, OPF-6 & OPJ-9) could amplify most of the yeast species from which OPG-16 & OPK-12 were used for final analysis. RAPD-PCR has demonstrated high polymorphism among yeast species. A total of 201 and 146 reproducible bands were scored ranging from 70 bp to 3000 bp size. Thus, the result World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 55 reveals the presence of genetic diversity among indigenous yeast species. Jaccard similarity coefficient from numerical analysis of these data showed relationship with their collection area. Keywords: RAPD-PCR, indigenous yeast strains, amylolytic starters, Arunachal Pradesh Northeast India. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Opportunity will be obtained to listen, interact and meet personally the world leading scientists in this field of research for enhancement and incorporation in my future research programmes. Present our research findings in front of world scientists to show capabilities of Indian work and answer the queries of foreign scientists directly will be done. Interaction and participation in discussions, meetings etc. will be made possible. Visits to the concerned laboratory located nearby to watch and learn their mode of working, latest instruments, etc. will be made. Updating and up gradation my knowledge in the subject will be possible. The knowledge gathered in USA will help in improving my teaching and research in future. Making opportunities for future International research collaborations will be done. SL-16 Track: Medical Biotechnology INFERRING THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF GR 103691 AS FOAM CELL INHIBITOR FROM TIME SERIES EXPRESSION DATA Stefan Kirov Bristol-Myers Squibb, 345 E-mail: stefan.kirov@bms.com Park Avenue, New york, NY 10154, USA; GR 103691 (Tocris-1109) is a potent inhibitor of foam cell formation identified in a screen of annotated compounds library. The nominal target of this compound, dopamine receptor D3 is unlikely to contribute to the observed phenotype and the mechanism of action of GR 103691 in this context is unknown. We performed high density timeseries expression profiling and applied Granger causality testing to infer candidate causal genes within the expression response to GR 103691 in AcLDL-treated Raw264 cells. We observed a pronounced phagosomal gene expression response and significant subsection of this response included genes affected by TLR signaling pathway perturbations and defined some key putative regulators downstream of compound target. Here we will present the general approach of Granger causality inference from expression data and its application to mechanism of action studies. SL-48 Track: Plant and Environment HEAVY METALS IN ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI: TOWARDS IDENTIFYING GENES UNDERLYING METAL (HYPER)ACCUMULATION PHENOTYPES IN AMANITA, RUSSULA AND HEBELOMA SPECIES Pavel Kotrba1*, Michaela Matěnová1, Jan Sácký1, Kateřina Hložková1, Tereza Leonhardt1, Milan Gryndler2 and Jan Borovička3 1 Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; E-mail: pavel.kotrba@vscht.cz 2 Institute of Microbiology AS CR, Laboratory of Fungal Biology, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic 3 Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, Neutron Activation Analysis Group, 250 68 ež, Czech Republic 56 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Mycorrhizal fungi play an important dual role in plant metal homeostasis: scavenging of metal micronutrients and their supply to the host; detoxification of excess essential metals and non-essential metal species as well. The delineation of molecular basis of metallotolerance in metal-accumulating species may allow rating their host-protection/stimulation capacity, with certain significance for bioremediation purposes. In sporocarps of ectomycorrhizal fungi grown in pristine environments is the Ag hyperaccumulation threshold of 100 mg kg-1 only rarely exceeded and Zn levels typically range from 50 to 150 mg kg-1. This report focuses on species that surpass these limits: Ag-hyperaccumulating Amanita strobiliformis, in which all accumulated Ag occurs complexed by three isomorphic 3.4-kDa metallothioneins (MTs); Zn accumulators of Russula spp. such as R. atropurpurea, in which is the sequestration of Zn dominated by 5-kDa RaMT1; and Hebeloma mesophaeum that preferentially funnels excess Zn (and Cd) into subcellular compartments, although it has the capacity to produce two 6-kDa MTs. A brief view of the inventory of metal-related determinants identified in course of transcriptome sequencing projects will be also presented. The relevance of results obtained with sporocarps and extraradical mycelia of (hyper)accumulators to bioremediation will be discussed. Work supported by the Czech Science Foundation (P504/11/0484) SL-45 Track: Plant and Environment ARE MICROALGAL CULTURE TECHNOLOGIES MANUFACTURING OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS? READY FOR LARGE-SCALE Karin Kovar, Sandra Ličková, Silas Hauser, GannaAleshcheva, Matthias Zuppiger, Jack Rohrer, Gunther Steinfeld,and Pavel Pribyl Institute of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management of the Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Campus Grüental, CH-8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; E-mail: koka@zhaw.ch Microalgae are genetically and physiologically a highly divergent group of eukaryotic microorganisms, which, due to their innate broad biodiversity, possess unique biochemical pathways. They are acknowledged as natural sources of high-value bioactive molecules of potential application in pharmaceuticals, food/feed additives, cosmetics, flavours and agro-chemicals, although, as yet, poorly exploited. Nevertheless, with the exception of a few processes for producing poly-unsaturated fatty acids, technologies for large-scale production of pharma-grade compounds from microalgae are almost non-existent. The term ‘microalga’ is synonymous with photoautotrophic, unicellular microorganisms utilising CO2 and gaining energy from light. In nature, these ‘smallest plants’ exist in diluted cultures as mixed populations of several species. Therefore, harvesting the required microalgal biomass (and secreted metabolites) from natural reservoirs is difficult. The alternative, to produce biomass efficiently and safely in specific closed containments (with illumination, and suitable for heat sterilisation) requires capital investment in such new equipment. Both these aspects represent a hurdle to systematic scientific investigation as well as to industrial-scale manufacturing with microalgae. As efficient production of microbial biomass (and certain metabolites) is also feasible under heterotrophic conditions, to proliferate microalgae in existing, multipurpose stirred-tank bioreactors may be a solution. Certain microalgal species, when available in axenic cultures, and which exhibit resistance to stresses of mechanical stirring and cryopreservation, are suitable for biopharmaceutical manufacturing. For instance, when growing Chlorella sp. green microalga using organic carbon such as glucose, and without light, extraordinarily high biomass concentrations (exceeding 160 g l-1 of cell dry weight) and productivities of 0.05 g g-1 h-1 were achieved. These fedbatch-processes could be performed in a reproducible and controlled manner, thus demonstrating that microalgal cultivation technologies have advanced to a level of sophistication typical for bacteria or yeasts cultured in conventional stirred bioreactors made from steel. Most cultivation strategies (under heterotrophic or mixotrophic conditions) were developed using natural strains of different green and red microalgae and diatoms but, in principle, could also be applied to emerging microalgal strains improved by selection or genetic engineering. Continuing research on the isolation and characterisation/screening of new species and their genetic improvement, together with advances in production and control technologies, offers unique opportunities for future manufacturing of bioactive compounds using microalgae. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 57 SL-30 Track: Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae. A COMPLEX BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR REHABILITATION OF OIL-CONTAMINATED ECOSYSTEMS UNDER TEMPERATE AND COLD CLIMATE CONDITIONS Anastasiia Krivoruchko, Maria Kuyukina, Marina Serebrennikova, Tatyana Peshkur, Colin Cunningham and Irena Ivshina Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 12 Golev Street, 614081 Perm, Russia; E-mail: nast@iegm.ru A complex biotechnology using metabolic potential of non-pathogenic Rhodococcus actinobacteria isolated in cold regions of Russia and maintained in the IEGM Regional Specialized Collection of Alkanotrophic Microorganisms (WFCC #768, www.iegm.ru/iegmcol) has been developed for rehabilitation of oil-contaminated biocenoses in cold and temperate climates. The biotechnology includes three main components: (1) biosurfactants with high oil-washing (60-90%) activity at 10-15°C; (2) immobilized biocatalysts with high hydrocarbon oxidizing activity (43-107 mg l-1 h-1) and permanent accumulating ability (50-90%) towards heavy metals (Cd, Zn, Ni, Cu, Mo, Pb, Cr, V) under extreme (1550°C, 2-5% NaCl, pH 2-6) conditions; and (3) mathematical and physical methods for prediction, risk assessment and monitoring of the bioremediation process. Besides, solutions for remediation of soils and water flows at heavy (up to 30%) oil contamination are in this technology. In soil, treatment with a Rhodococcus biosurfactant and an immobilized biocatalyst in a specially designed slurry bioreactor, post-treatment on-field, and phytoremediation is performed. In water, the original bioreactor with an immobilized biocatalyst is used. The biotechnology is successfully applied in the Urals area, with bioremediation efficacy of 80-95% oil degraded within one summer season. The research was supported by the Perm Krai government grant for international research groups (C-26-206 agreement). Keywords: Oil contamination, bioremediation, Rhodococcus actinobacteria, Rhodococcus biosurfactants, immobilized biocatalysts. SL-57 Track: Plant and Environment NOVEL MATERIALS FOR AIRBORNE VIRUS FILTRATION Laurent Lebrun, M. Catel-Ferreira, G. Tiliket and C. Héllio Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, France; E-mail: laurent.lebrun@univ-rouen.fr Only facepiece respirators of N95 type by US standards (FFP2 or FFP3 by European standards) can provide effective protection against airborne viruses. However, these respirators are expensive and many third-world countries would be unable to afford them if a severe pandemic occurs. The objective was to modify the surface of low-cost non-woven cellulosic filters by fixing poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) or extracts from algae (polyphenols and ulvans) in order to give an antiviral property. Virus filtration experiments were performed by spraying an aerial suspension of T4D bacteriophage of Escherichia coli B through the filter. The best virus capture factors f (ratio of mother-solution virus content to downstream virus content) was obtained with 2 layers of Kimwipes® functionalized with polyphenol (f = 2 E3) or with PEI (f = 3 E5). When two layers were placed inside a commercial medical mask in place of its cellulosic layer (f = 3 E4), the f ratio reached 106 for polyphenol-modified mask and 1.8 E7 for PEI after 1 h of filtration. We also tested the system with respect to airborne A influenza virus. This novel medical mask with additional antiviral properties represents a significant improvement over conventional medical masks. Keywords : Virus, mask, algae extracts, poly(ethylenimine). 58 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-90 Track: Other Areas PHYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF CAROTENOIDS IN SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF THE OIL PALM (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS JACQ.) FRONDS Cynthia Kotey and Keat Teong Lee School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; E-mail: chktlee@eng.usm.my Lignocellulose, the most abundant material on earth has gained the attraction as one of the potential low cost raw materials for production of bio-chemicals in the world. In Malaysia, the largest proportion of lignocellulose comes from the oil palm industry. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the extraction of phytochemicals from oil palm frond. The fronds of the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) were screened for potential phytochemicals using different solvents. Methanolic extract of oil palm frond petioles (OPFP) was found to contain many different phytochemicals compared to the other extracts. Quantification of carotenoids in selected extracts were done using ultrafast HPLC with fluorescent lamp detector (FLD). Total carotenoids in the extracts ranged from 39.59-141.55 μg/g DW (dry weight). Concentrations of -carotene and lutein and zeaxanthin in the extracts ranged from 4.84-7.08 μg/g DW, 0.78-117 μg/g DW and 8.21-19.82 μg/g DW respectively. All the extracts exhibited good inhibitory effects (with IC 50 values ranging from 47.32-114.07 μg/g DW) against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical with MEOH/THF and acetone extracts exhibiting the highest and lowest antioxidant activities respectively. This study therefore shows the first report on carotenoid analysis and antioxidant activities of various extracts of the OPFP indicating that OPFP also presents a potential source of vitamin A. Keywords: Oil palm fronds, carotenoids, oil palm phytochemicals, antioxidants, vitamin A. SL-22 Track: Medical Biotechnology SOFTWARE VALIDATION OF AN RNA-Seq PIPELINE Stan Letovsky SynapDx, 153 Cordaville Road, E-mail: sletovsky@synapdx.com Suite 120, Southborough, MA 01772, USA; We have been developing and validating a software pipeline for processing clinical RNASeq data under a formal quality system. In this presentation we will describe our overall software validation process and the specific challenges of RNASeq processing and classifier learning. Our quality system demands detailed testable requirements for software functionality, which has forced us to confront such questions as, how do we verify that an RNASeq processing pipeline or machine learning pipeline is doing its job properly? To address pipeline processing we rely in part on in-sample spiked in controls (ERCC Spike-In Control Mixes, Ambion), which provide both validation data and run-time process QC metrics. To test machine learning performance we learn classifiers for RNASeq dataset, using gender as a positive control, age as a moderate-difficutly control, and random class assignment as a negative control. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 59 SL-71 Track: Other Areas A COMPARISON OF DHLPC AND PCR-SSCP FOR DETECTING PGR GENE VARIATION IN TIBETAN SHEEP Shaobin Li, Xiu Liu , Mingming Zhang, YuZhu Luo, Jiang Hu and Jiqing Wang Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University Lanzhou, Gansu, China; E-mail: lisb@gsau.edu.cn Introduction Progesterone represents an important steroid hormones play a key role in the maintenance of pregnancy, which has been effectively used to prevent recurrent preterm birth. Many of study find the physiological effects on progesterone are mediated by the progesterone receptor (PGR). As ligand-activated transcription factor, PGR can bind with specific DNA sequence, enhancing or inhibiting gene expression, thereby regulating reproductive and physiological processes such as morphogenesis. In this study, two methods of denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and PCRSSCP were used to compare effect of detecting PGR gene variation in Tibetan Sheep, to study which method is more convenient and accurate. Materials and Methods PGR exon 4 gene variation was detected by DHPLC and PCR-SSCP in 391 Tibetan sheep. Chi-square test was used to analyze the detection results. Results and Discussion The results showed that the detected results of gene variation were same, and there was no significant difference between the two methods. The exon 4 of PGR gene in Tibetan sheep only has two SNPs, which belong to low mutation gene. The detection results of DHPLC can directly store in computer, while that of PCR-SSCP should be genotyped in a short time. However, if the gene has multiple SNPs, the main peak may overlap which will cause hard to genotype. Conclusion PCR-SSCP better suited for widespread screening for detection PGR gene variation in sheep than DHPLC. Acknowledgment National Key Technology R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2012BAD13B05-02), International Cooperation Projects (2011DFG33310) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31260546). SL-11 Track: Regenerative Medicine STEM CELL BASED STRATEGIES FOR RESTORING COGNITIVE HEALTH IN CANCER SURVIVORS Charles Limoli Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2695, United States; E-mail: climoli@uci.edu Exposure of the CNS to treatments used to control the advance of cancer has been known to compromise cognitive function. Depending on disease state, treatments specifics and socioeconomic factors, cognitive outcomes vary in onset and severity. With increasing numbers of cancer patients surviving long-term, cognitive health is becoming an increasing concern, and to date, no satisfactory treatments exist for ameliorating the progressive and often debilitating cognitive side effects caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This talk will cover the various mechanisms underlying 60 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 treatment associated cognitive dysfunction and discuss the potential of using stem cell based strategies for the long-term treatment of this serious unmet medical need. SL-26 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing EXTRACTIVE BIOCONVERSION OF CYCLODEXTRINS BY BACILLUS CEREUS CYCLODEXTRIN GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE USING AQUEOUS TWO-PHASE SYSTEM Tau Chuan Ling1* and Hui Suan NG2 1 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; E-mails: tcling@um.edu.my; tauchuan.ling@gmail.com; 2Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. An extractive bioconversion of sago starch by crude cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase, EC 2.4.1.19) derived from Bacillus cereus using aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) was investigated in this study for the simultaneous production and separation of cyclodextrins (CDs). The optimum conditions for the extractive bioconversion of sago starch into CDs was achieved in ATPS composed of 7.7% (w/w) PEG 20000 and 10.3% (w/w) Dextran T500 with volume ratio (VR) of 4.0. In this optimum integrated system, cells growth and enzymatic conversion of starch into CDs occurred mainly in dextran rich bottom phase with the low partition coefficient of cells and CGTase (KCGTase) whereas the product, CDs was partitioned to top phase with higher KCD. Repetitive batch of sago starch conversion was carried out by replacement of the top phase components continuously and insertions of same concentration of sago starch every 8h. An average total CDs concentration of 13.7 mg/ml, (4.77 mg/ml α-CD, 5.02 mg/ml -CD and 3.91 mg/ml -CD) was recovered in the top phase of PEG 20000/Dextran T500 ATPS. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of application of ATPS in extractive bioconversion of sago starch into CDs by Bacillus cereus CGTase. SL-69 Track: Plant and Environment MODULATIONS OF ELICITINS ACTIVITY BY CHANGES IN PROTEINS SURFACE CHARGE Jan Lochman1, Michal Obořil1, Jitka Klempová1, Nikola Ptáčková1, Zbyněk Zdráhal2, Tomáš Kašparovský1 1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlá ská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic; E-mail: lochik@mail.muni.cz 2 Core Facility – Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic In plants, elicitins induce a hypersensitive response and non-specific systemic acquired resistance. They contain a hydrophobic cavity capable of binding sterols and fatty acids, and on the basis of their pI they are classified as either elicitins or more necrotizing -elicitins. It has been assumed that conformational changes in the -loop evoke by sterol binding “activate” elicitins. However recent results suggest that the sterol-binding ability of elicitins associated with conformational changes in the -loop, might not be principal factors in elicitins biological activity and favour role of specific residues. The most probable candidates being lysine residues considering the previously observed correlation between necrotic index and pI together with a clear impact of the Lys13Val mutation in helix A on induction of a defence response in tobacco plants. In bioreactor a serious of cryptogein mutants with changed lysine residues was prepared. The significant impact of several mutations on cryptogein stability measured by differential scanning calorimetry was found. Moreover, some World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 61 mutations alter the interaction of the protein with the binding site on the plasma membrane and the ability to induce a hypersensitive response and resistance. Determined results provide possibility to specifically modulate elicitins biological activity though the mutation of specific residues. SL-46 Track: Medical Biotechnology MicroRNAs AS BIOMARKERS IN PEDIATRIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORS Rishi R. Lulla Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA; E-mail: rlulla@luechildrens.org Department of Pediatrics; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play various roles in many biological processes including proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Altered expression of microRNAs contributes to the development of cancer. MicroRNAs have tissue specific expression patterns and are stable molecules making them an ideal candidate for biomarkers of cancer. Circulating microRNAs are easily detected in the body fluids of adult patients with cancer including central nervous systems (CNS) tumors. At the present time, limited data is available on the utility of circulating microRNAs as biomarkers of disease in children and this presents a novel opportunity for research. Confirmation of microRNAs as suitable biomarkers for children with CNS tumors will be of significant impact in pediatric neuro-oncology. In this presentation, I will review the current knowledge of microRNAs as biomarkers in cancer as well as present data from work which confirms the presence of specific microRNAs in primary tumors, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of pediatric patients with CNS tumors. Target microRNAs are quantifiable from small amounts of cell-free body fluids using a TaqMan® qRT-PCR platform. Additionally, preliminary data from ongoing work which examines the changing levels of microRNA expression longitudinally in patients with CNS tumors undergoing treatment will be presented. SL-64 Track: Medical Biotechnology PLATFORM FOR PERSONALIZED ONCOLOGY: NOVEL APPROACHES FOR DATA INTEGRATION REVEAL MOLECULAR SIGNATURES ASSOCIATED WITH COLORECTAL CANCER RELAPSE Subha Madhavan Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3300 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA; E-mail: sm696@georgetown.edu Approximately 80% of Stage II colon cancer patients are cured by appropriate surgery. However, 20% relapse, and virtually all of these people will die due to metastatic disease. Adjuvant chemotherapy has little or no impact on relapse or survival in Stage II colon cancer, and can only add toxicity without benefit for 80% of the target population that has been cured by surgery. Despite much effort, it is difficult to identify clinical or molecular determinants of outcome in Stage II colon cancer, defeating attempts to target treatments to the 20% of individuals who are destined to relapse. We hypothesized that a multidimensional molecular analysis will identify a combination of factors that serve as prognostic biomarkers in Stage II adenocarcinoma of the colon. The Georgetown informatics team generated and analyzed multi-omics profiling datasets in stage II CRC patients with or without relapse to identify molecular signatures in CRC that may serve both as prognostic markers of recurrence, and also allow for identification of the subgroup of patients who might benefit from 62 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 adjuvant chemotherapy. The datasets were loaded to G-DOC® (Georgetown Database of Cancer) for further mining and analysis. The G-DOC web portal (http://gdoc.georgetown.edu) includes a broad collection of bioinformatics and systems biology tools for analysis and visualization of four major “omics” types: DNA, mRNA, microRNA, and metabolites. Through technology re-use, the G-DOC infrastructure will accelerate progress for a variety of ongoing programs in need of integrative multi-omics analysis, and advance our opportunities to practice effective personalized oncology in the near future. SL-146 Track: Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae. BIOSAFETY OF BACTERIAL STRAINS WITH APPLICATION IN GREEN BIOTECHNOLOGY Maximino Manzanera, Juan Ignacio Vilchez, Juan Jesús Narváez-Reinaldo, Lucía SantaCruz-Calvo, Rafael Picazo-Espinosa, Irene Julca, Concepción Calvo and J. González-López Institute for Water Research and Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Spain; E-mail: manzanera@ugr.es Many microorganisms represent an alternative to transgenic plants in order to increase crop production. These microorganisms described as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) by Kloepper and Schrocth, are able to colonize plants and to enhance their growth by different mechanisms. Some of these microorganisms could represent a real threat to humans, animals or plants health, however its use can easily granted on the grounds of being recommended as biofertilizers. Despite of the legislation on genetically modified food on several countries, little has been described on the biosafety tests needed for the use of wild type microorganisms applied to crops. Here we propose a set of tests and an evaluation system for a correct assessment of the different bacterial strains to guarantee the biosafety of their use. These tests include the analysis of the bacterial potential to alter plant growth (using pepper, tomato, corn and soybean), to evaluate the toxic effect of released compounds by the microorganism on light emission by Vibrio fischeri as indirect measurement of its metabolism, the effect of the bacterial cells themselves on the survival, reproduction and lifespan of nematodes (Caenorhabditis elegans), on annelids such as earthworms (Eisenia foetida), of arthropods such as lacewings (Chrysopela carnea) and colon ladybirds (Adalia bipunctata), as well as their pathogenicity on upper organisms such as mice (Mus musculus CD1). Having the results from these different tests we propose a scoring system to summarize the results and give a confidence value as safe microorganisms within the assays limitations. Keywords: Biosafety, PGPR, Pathogenicity tests, environmentally friendly. SL-32 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION OF MONOMERS ON AN INDUSTRIAL SCALE Joseph C. McAuliffe DuPont Industrial Biosciences, 925 Page Mill Rd, Palo Alto, CA, USA, 94304; E-mail: Joseph.McAuliffe@dupont.com The biological production of commodity chemicals by fermentation of carbohydrates using engineered microorganisms is currently in a phase of rapid development, with several processes now in commercial operation and more in late stage development. This has been driven by an industrywide trend towards sustainable processes and a growing appreciation of the threat that fossil-based carbon emissions pose to climate stability. In particular, the production of monomers offers access World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 63 to markets requiring large volumes at price points above that typical for fuels. One technical challenge is the purity requirements for monomers which, depending on the catalyst system used for polymer production, can demand that certain impurities do not exceed ppm levels. As a result, an integrated approach is needed whereby the source and impact of impurities is understood and mitigated using both biological and engineering approaches. We will give an overview of DuPont’s historical and current activities in the area of biological monomer production, highlighting 1,3-propanediol and isoprene as examples. The latter process involves gas-phase recovery given the volatile nature of the product (b.p. 34oC) and serves as a good case study in the hybridization of metabolic pathway manipulation and bioprocess engineering. An analysis of the major forward looking challenges and opportunities for the biomonomer industry will also be presented, not the least of which relate to the current era of cheap natural gas and the growing sophistication of purely chemical processes. SL-21 Track: Plant and Environment BIOREMEDIATION OF PLANT RESIDUES: RECYCLING OPPORTUNITIES Murray Moo-Young University of Waterloo, Canada; E-mail: mooyoung@uwaterloo.ca Plant residues from agricultural and forestry-related practices are abundant globally. Examples are crop straws, sugarcane bagasse, paper pulp sludge, wood saw-dust and other cellulosic remnants. They have generated or presently pose negative environmental impacts. Biotechnology offers useful recycling opportunities for these residues with concurrent bioremediation of the prevailing polluted environments. In this overview, we will re-visit biotechnology innovations which were developed from our research work. Case studies include the bioconversion of cornstover and bagasse into protein-enriched microbial biomass which can be formulated into edible nutritious foodstuffs; cobiodigestion of paper sludge with animal manures to produce fuel methane biogas; development of bioprocess design, operation and scale-up with the prerequisites of cost-effective bioreactor optimization which could efficiently handle fragile viscous pseudoplastic fermentation cultures by employing airlift gas-liquid contacting devices and/or special type impellers for appropriate aeration-agitation conditions; discovery of a bacterially-produced cellulase enzyme system for the saccharification of cellulose as a precursor for fermentation applications in biofuels production. These case studies recapture the importance of the view that “wastes are misplaced resources”. This view should now to be more appreciated for the maintenance of universal environment sustainability. Our research results are contributions to some of the required related biotechnology solutions... regionally, nationally and internationally. SL-70 Track: Medical Biotechnology BIOMEDICAL MODEL OF HUNTINGTON DISEASE: TRANSGENIC MINI-PIGS FOR NTERMINAL PART OF HUMAN MUTATED HUNTINGTIN Jan Motlik Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics AS CR, v. v. i., Laboratory of Cell Regeneration and Plasticity, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic; E-mail: motlik@iapg.cas.cz Huntington disease (HD) is a fatal dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease caused by the expansion of the polyCAG stretch in the gene coding ubiquitous huntingtin protein (htt). In order to facilitate studies of pathogenesis and therapeutics of HD we have generated transgenic miniature pig. F1 generation of HD transgenic miniature pigs is the offspring of F0 transgenic saw which was generated using microinjection of lentiviral vectors encoding N-truncated (548aa) human htt 64 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 containing 145 polyQ repeats under the control of human htt promoter into the zygote. Genome analyses demonstrate the integration of transgene into the chromosome 1q24-q25 and the repetition of 124 glutamines in human htt. Assuming a presence of the two endogenous porcine htt alleles, we can announce that transgenic animals have integrated 1 insert of transgene in their genome. TR-FRET analysis of the F1 animals proved the active expression of human mutant htt in miniature pig´s cortical tissue. Western blot confirmed the expression of htt protein in the tissues from all three germ layers. F1 boars were able to produce F2 transgenic generations with the transgenic rate of approximately 50 % per birth. The first evident phenotype of Huntington disease has appeared in F1 transgenic boars at the age of 14 months. Reproductive parameters, number of spermatozoa per ejaculate, motility and in vitro penetration test, are gradually decreasing. The same phenotype has been discovered in F2 transgenic boars at the similar age. The preclinical stages of HD in transgenic minipigs will provide a possibility to test in future all new pharmacological and molecular biology trials to find a disease modifying treatment of HD. SL-17 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing LEVULINIC ACID: A “NEW” C-5 BUILDING BLOCK MADE BY SEVERAL PROCESSES Brian Mullen Segetis, Inc., 680 Mendelssohn E-mail: brian_mullen@segetis.com Avenue, Golden Valley, MN 55427; Levulinic acid (LA) is a renewable building block currently being explored for a wide variety of applications, including fuels, monomers, plasticizers, and polymers. This multi-functional C-5 compound can undergo transformations at the ketone group, carboxylic acid group, or both. Monomers derived from LA may be polymerized by free radical polymerization or polycondensation to produce materials that have a wide array of functionality and material properties. This versatility has enabled the commercialization of several new LA-derived products by Segetis Inc. There are several known processes to produce levulinic acid by chemical catalysis. Processes to make LA from acidcatalyzed carbohydrate decomposition were first published in the late 1800’s. Presently, LA is produced commercially from the hydrothermal ring cleavage reaction of furfuryl alcohol, a C-5 feedstock. In addition to the route to make LA from furfuryl alcohol, there are a number of alternative processes to make LA (and formic acid co-product) from C-6 raw materials. The most common renewable raw materials used in the process to make LA from a C-6 pathway include glucose, starch, cellulose, cane sugar (sucrose), and lignocellulose. Recent progress in the development of an LA process from carbohydrate raw materials will be discussed. SL-54 Track: Plant and Environment NEW AUTOMATION STRATEGY FOR TWO-STAGE LIPID PRODUCTION TESTED IN AN OUTDOOR PILOT PLANT R. Münkel1, U. Schmid-Staiger2 and T. Hirth1,2 1 Institute for Interfacial Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Germany; E-mail: ronja.muenkel@igb.fraunhofer.de 2 Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany Microalgae are discussed as a potential renewable feedstock for biofuel production. Therefore the production of algae biomass with a high lipid content combined with the use of natural sunlight is in the center of interest. At the Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology (IGB) a promising reactor concept was developed which allows production of algae biomass with high lipid content. The patented flat panel airlift reactor World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 65 (FPA) works on the basis of an airlift loop reactor and offers an efficient intermixing for homogeneous light distribution and high CO2 transfer rates. The reactor is now produced and distributed by the company Subitec (Stuttgart/Germany). The current studies show the successful transfer of the lipid production process from laboratory to outdoor. An outdoor pilot plant with 30 L flat panel airlift reactors (FPA) installed southwards was operated for several months in 2012 in Stuttgart / Germany. A two stage batch process with the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris (SAG 211-12) was evaluated concerning productivity, lipid content and photosynthetic efficiency. The main focus of the outdoor experiment was on developing and testing a new automation strategy which allows a fully self-sustaining two stage process under varying weather and light conditions. Process control only bases on measurement of pH value and temperature in the reactor. A controller continuously set the CO2 content in the incoming airflow to stabilize the pH value. Ammonium bicarbonate is frequently added to the process during the biomass production stage as nitrogen source. A decrease in CO2 content indicates a decrease in ammonia concentration in the reactor. Hence the ammonia uptake rate may be calculated online. Feeding cycles and biomass production rate can be determined. The lipid production stage is operated under nitrogen deprivation as a batch process. The strategy allows stable product quality even though process control does not depend on constant productivity. For a production process of more than 40 days biomass with a lipid content of 40% (w/w) was generated. The mean lipid productivity was 0.17 g/(L*d). SL-134 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: biopharmaceuticals discovery (CNS, cancer, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune); vaccines; antibodies; protein engineering AERIBACILLUS PALLIDUS SAT4: SOURCE OF NEW POLYPEPTIDE ANTIBACTERIAL COMPOUND Syed Aun Muhammad and Safia Ahmed Department of Biotechnology, aunmuhammad78@yahoo.com Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan; E-mail: Antibiotics, the most important and extensively used medicinal drugs in modern medical fields and still there is strong need of new antibiotics due to scarcity of research in antibiotics and emergence of multi-drug resistance. In this study, we isolated and screened a thermophilic bacterial strain involved in the production of antibacterial compound which was purified and characterized. Five bacterial strains (SAT1 to SAT5) were isolated from the Thar Dessert, Sindh Province Pakistan and their activity was screened against Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. One of the isolate SAT4 showed significant activity against all indicator strains except E. coli. From the taxonomic features, the strain SAT4 matches with Aeribacillus pallidus in the morphological, biochemical and molecular tests. The antibacterial metabolite production by strain SAT4 was optimized best at 48 hours the time of incubation, 5 pH, 55°C temperature, 100 rpm agitation speed, 1.5% nitrogen, and 2% carbon concentrations. The active metabolites were precipitated by 50% ammonium sulphate followed by the fractionation through Sephadex G-75 gel permeation chromatography. Its purification was performed by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. SDS-PAGE gave active protein band approximately at 37KDa. The structure elucidation of the purified product was performed by Fourier transforms infrared, 1H and 13C NMR. Crystals of the lyophilized sample were grown using various solvents system. The x-ray diffractions study showed that the crystals belonged to the primitive orthorhombic lattice with the cell parameters a = 12.137, b = 13.421, c = 14.097 Å and 3D structure of the polypeptide antibacterial molecule was determined. In conclusion, this study emphasized the fact that the purified peptide antibiotic is a new antibacterial molecule produced by a thermophilic bacteria Aeribacillus pallidus SAT4 that can get position in pharmaceutical and biotechnological industrial research. 66 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-74 Track: Other Areas MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS: AN ALTERNATIVE RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR THE FUTURE GENERATION Muthukumar Muthuchamy Environmental Engineering Technology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore – 641046, India; E-mail: mmuthukumar@bu.edu.in The urgent need of our society is an alternative renewable energy to meet the escalating demand. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology is one such new form of renewable energy which generates electricity from a particular waste. Simultaneous microbial electricity generation using bacteria as a biocatalyst, and wastewater treatment is a promising feature of this microbial fuel cell technology. Electrons are released when bacteria oxidize a substrate. Electric current generation is made possible by keeping bacteria separated from oxygen, but allowing the bacteria growing on an anode to transfer electrons to the counter electrode (cathode) that is exposed to air. MFCs have operational and functional advantages over the technologies currently used for generating energy from organic matter. MFCs do not need energy input for aeration provided the cathode is passively aerated. They have potential for widespread application in locations lacking electrical infrastructures and can also operate with diverse fuels to satisfy our energy requirements. Even though MFCs generate a lower amount of energy than hydrogen fuel cells, a combination of both electricity production and waste treatment would definitely reduce the cost of waste management. Keywords: Electricity generation, Electrons, Energy, Microbial fuel cell (MFC), Substrate, Waste. SL-68 Track: Other Areas INACTIVATION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN FOOD SAMPLES USING OZONE- A BOON TO THE CONSUMERS Anbazhagi Muthukumar Defence Research Development Organisation- Bharathiar University Center for Life Sciences, Coimbatore, 641046, India; E-mail: sanbazhagi@gmail.com Despite advances in personal hygiene, community knowledge and sanitation, foodborne diseases mediated by pathogens is still a significant threat to the public worldwide. Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive, non-sporulating, facultative intracellular foodborne pathogen capable of causing serious complications in pregnant women, neonates and immunocompromised adults. The aim of the study is to apply ozonation, to completely eradicate L. monocytogenes from Milk, Seafood and Raw Chicken samples. Ozone (O3) is an allotrope of oxygen used for disinfection of bottled water and wastewater treatment. In bacteria, it may act as a protoplasmic oxidant causing progressive oxidation of vital cellular components. It is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for use as a disinfectant or sanitizer in the gas or liquid phase on food including meat and poultry and has GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe status). Ozone is effective against a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with Listeria showing high sensitivity to ozone.This study revealed that ozonation at specific dose and specific timings could be used as an effective method for inactivating L. monocytogenes on incoming Milk, Seafood and raw chicken samples before they reach outlets for consumers. Keyword: Listeria monocytogenes, foodborne, pathogen, ozonation, inactivation. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 67 SL-107 Track: Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF TWO UNICELLULAR BIOASSAYS FOR Jack C. Ng, Andrew McKay, Jianping Wang, Cheng Peng and Ting Yu The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox), Brisbane, Australia; E-mail: J.ng@uq.edu.au We explored the unique plant- and animal-like characteristics of Euglena gracilis Z and SMZ respectively with sodium cyanide (NaCN) and gold(I)-cyanide (AuCN). NaCN was found toxic only to the SMZ strain (animal-model). AuCN does not dissociate easily it is found to be toxic to both the Z and SMZ strains. NaCN is a well-known toxicant to animals whereas its toxicity to plants is very limited as was demonstrated in the Z strain, confirming the usefulness of Euglena for the differentiation between plant- and animal-toxicity. Euglena can tolerate pH ranged 2.5-7.5 and temperate 8-35oC. Acid tolerance means Euglena can be used in acid-mine-drainage biomonitoring of pollutants whereas temperature tolerance can afford environmental monitoring in both temperate and tropical settings. In another unicellular system, Tetrahymena thermophila was treated with sodium arsenite. Three internal eliminated sequence (IES) elements from different genomic loci showed increased level of retention compared to the control, especially in 4-6 hours of the sexual cycle. These results support the utilization of the Tetrahymena IES system for detecting environmental hazard with potential effects on eukaryotic epigenetic machineries. Short reproduction time (hours) also presents Tetrahymena as a great model for multi-generational and epigenetic studies. SL-110 Track: Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae. EFFECT OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PLANT AND INDIGENOUS MICRO-ORGANISMS ON THE DEGRADATION OF N-ALKANES IN CRUDE OIL CONTAMINATED AGRICULTURAL SOIL Nkechi Esther Onyedineke Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria; E-mail: nonyedineke@yahoo.com Effect of interaction between plant and indigenous organism on degradation of n-alkanes was assayed to evaluate its effectiveness in environmental clean -up. Four annual crops including Vigna unguiculata var unguiculata, Mucuna pruriens, Zea mays and Telfaira occidentalis were used. The pre microbial analysis of polluted agricultural soil under study revealed the presence of Penicillum sp Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Candida sp, Pseudomonas fluorescence, Acinetobacter baumanni, Bacillus mycoides, Klebsiella sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The post microbial analyses on the other hand depict the presence of all the indigenous isolates except S. aureus and E. coli. The variation in degradation of n-alkanes was ascertained using Gas chromatographic analysis. The results on comparison to the control sample depict that plants kept in the green house were able to degrade alkanes within the range of C7 to C 12 and C32 to C40. Z mays were able to degrade C7 to C9 only whereas M. pruriens degraded C13 alkanes. Samples in the field were able to degrade alkanes within the range C7 to C15 and C36 to C40. This study could be a promising tool in conversion of crude oil in contaminated soil to a less toxic substances for enhanced remediation. 68 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-93 Track: Other Areas A HIGHLY SENSITIVE FLUORESCENT SENSOR FOR THE DETECTION OF HUMAN SERUM PROTEINS BASED ON THE MOLECULAR SIEVE OF THE POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL Jin Ouyang and Shenghao Xu Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 44, Beijing, 100875, China; E-mail: jinoyang@bnu.edu.cn In this research, we introduced a new-type fluorescence sensor based on the screening effect of the polyacrylamide gel to colloidal silver nanoparticles. The mechanism of this fluorescence sensor was attributed to that silver nanoparticles of less than 5 nm in diameter had been absorbed into the gel by proteins in the gel. Two experiments were designed to verify this speculation and the results were satisfactory. First, five different types of colloidal silver nanoparticles with different particle size distribution were chosen to be used for the verification experiment. The fluorescent intensity gradually reduced with the decrease of the concentration of particles of less than 5 nm in diameter. Second, six types of polyacrylamide gels with different pore size were synthesized and utilized for the verification experiment as well. The fluorescent intensity gradually increased with the decrease of the pore size of the polyacrylamide gels. Based on this, it was applied to the detection of human serum proteins after 1-D and 2-D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and a higher sensitivity was achieved. Some relatively low abundance proteins (identified by the MS/MS technique) were easily detected by using this fluorescence sensor, but not with tranditional methods. Furthermore, this method was successfully applied to distinguish between serums from liver cancer disease and healthy people, and it exhibited tremendous potentials and significances in the clinical diagnose. SL-83 Track: Other Areas: Food; Marine; Bio-safety; Systems Biology, Clinical Research/clinical trials; bioethics; nanobiotechnology QUERCETIN EXERTS A CYTOPROTECTIVE EFFECT AGAINST OTA-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS, GENTOTOXICITY AND INFLAMMATION IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS Periasamy Ramyaa1 , Rajashree Krishnaswamy2 and Viswanadha Vijaya Padma1 1 Department of Biotechnology,Bharathiar University, Coimbatore,India; E-mail: padma.vijaya@gmail.com 2 Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore Ochratoxin (OTA) is one of the most abundant food-contaminating mycotoxins worldwide, and is detrimental to human and animal health. The present study evaluated the protective effect of quercetin against OTA-induced cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and inflammatory response in lymphocytes. Cytotoxicity determined by MTT assay revealed IC20 value of OTA to be 20 µM, which was restored near control values by pre-treatment with quercetin. Oxidative stress parameters such as antioxidant enzymes, LPO and PCC levels indicated that quercetin exerted a protective effect on OTA-induced oxidative stress. Quercetin exerted an antigenotoxic effect on OTA-induced genotoxicity, by reducing % olive tail moment from 2.76±0.02 to 0.56±0.02 and % tail DNA from 56.23±2.56 to 12.36±0.56 in the comet assay. OTA-induced NO, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 were significantly reduced in the quercetin pre-treated samples indicating its anti-inflammatory role. Our results demonstrate for the first time that quercetin exerts a cytoprotective effect against OTA-induced oxidative stress, genotoxicity and inflammation in lymphocytes. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 69 SL-47 Track: Regenerative Medicine REMOTE MAGNETIC CONTROLLING OF CELL BEHAVIOUR: A NEW TOOL FOR NANOMEDICINE S. Panseri, M. Sandri, M. Montesi, M. Ghetti, E. Savini, M. Iafisco, M. Marcacci and A. Tampieri Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Italy; E-mail: s.panseri@biomec.ior.it We focused on the development of a completely novel way for in-vitro 3D cell culture, which is pivotal for tissue engineering and nanomedicine. Despite its importance in cell behaviour understanding, it is not easy to achieve a proper 3D cell culture system, given the necessity to provide cell support and allow the exchanges between cells and medium, of oxygen, nutrients. In order to reproduce in vivo-like physiological conditions, a nanostructured collagen scaffold was used in synergy with fully novel magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) able to respond to a magnetic field providing a ''remote control''. The project idea is to obtain a 3D cell culture where cells guiding and growth factors/drugs delivery are precisely remote controlled by a low external magnetic field. In this study we employed novel bioactive and completely bioresorbable nanoparticles, recently developed by doping hydroxyapatite with Fe ions (FeHA MNPs). We studied the magnetization of mesenchymal stem cells with FeHA MNPs and their behaviour. Moreover, applying a low external magnetic field, we were able to remote control cell migration demonstrating that magnetic cells were obtained. Subsequently, applying an external magnetic field we moved them in a well localized area of the scaffold. Keywords: Stem cell behavior, 3D cell culture, nanoparticles, magnetic guiding. SL-128 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: biopharmaceuticals discovery (CNS, cancer, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune); vaccines; antibodies; protein engineering ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITIES OF H. LUPULUS EXTRACTS AND ITS COMPONENTS Neena Philips, Halyna Siomyk, Michael Ret, Benito Guzman, Harald Schwarz and Gerhard Haas Department of Biology, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, NJ 07666, USA; E-mail: nphilips@fdu.edu Skin aging and impaired wound healing is associated with oxidative stress and lowered expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); while anti-cancer drugs often work through oxidative stress or the inhibition of VEGF that facilitates cancer metastasis. Phytonutrients, most of which are rich in polyphenols, have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. The H. lupulus (HOP) extracts and its components are rich in polyphenols. The goal of this study was to determine the direct antioxidant activity and the cellular effects of HOP extracts, and its components. Their cellular effects on viability, membrane damage, lipid peroxidation, and expression of VEGF were analyzed in cancer cells (melanoma, breast cancer), and normal cells (fibroblasts). The HOP extracts as well as its components exhibited antioxidant activity. The HOP extract and its components, especially the flavonoids, significantly inhibited the viability and expression of VEGF; but increased membrane damage and lipid peroxidation specifically in the cancer cells. The differential regulation of cellular oxidative stress and VEGF by the HOP extracts or its components in cancer, and normal cells indicates its specific beneficial effects in the management of skin aging, wound healing, and cancer. 70 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-109 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing CHANGES IN MORPHOLOGY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE AND EUCALYPTUS BARK DURING PRETREATMENT PROCESS WHICH LEAD TO THEIR ENHANCED ENZYMATIC DIGESTIBILITY Igor Polikarpov Institutio de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, BRAZIL; E-mail: ipolikarpov@ifsc.usp.br Pretreatment technologies that fractionate and modify physical structure and chemical composition of biomass are essential for the successful use of these feedstocks in ethanol production. In our presentation, we will describe modifications in the morphology and chemical composition of sugarcane bagasse and eucalyptus bark submitted to a two-step treatment, using diluted acid followed by a delignification process with increasing sodium hydroxide concentrations. Detailed chemical and morphological characterization of the samples after each pretreatment condition, studied by high performance liquid chromatography, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction is reported together with sample enzymatic digestibility. Chemical composition analysis performed on samples obtained after different pretreatment conditions showed that up to 96% and 85% of hemicellulose and lignin fractions, respectively, were removed from sugarcane bagasse by this two-step method when sodium hydroxide concentrations of 1% (m/v) or higher were used. The efficient lignin removal resulted in an enhanced hydrolysis yield reaching values around 100% form both sugarcane bagasse and eucalyptus bark. Considering the cellulose loss due to the pretreatment (maximum of 30%, depending on the process), the total cellulose conversion increases significantly from 5%-22.0% to 65%-72%, for bark and bagasse, respectively. We also show that the morphological changes contributing to improvement in the overall yield of saccharification occur mainly as a consequence of lignin removal. Bagasse unstructuring is favored by the loss of cohesion between neighboring cell walls, as well as by changes in the inner cell wall structure, such as damaging, hole formation and loss of mechanical resistance, facilitating liquid and enzyme access to crystalline cellulose. Combination of different techniques applied in this work warrants thorough information about the undergoing morphological and chemical changes and is an efficient approach for understanding of morphological effects resulting from sample delignification and its influence on the enhanced hydrolysis results. SL-112 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing BIO-BASED CHEMICALS: BASF’S PERSPECTIVE Markus Pompejus BASF Corporation, N-GMM/B and N-GVF/N, 500 White Plains Rd. Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA EMail: markus.pompejus@basf.com In 2050, nine billion people will live on this planet. If we don’t change anything in the way we live and manufacture goods then we will need the resources of almost three of our planets to meet the demands of the population. We are therefore facing huge global challenges, in particular in the areas “resources, environment and climate,” “food and nutrition” and “quality of life.” Chemistry as a key industry is a driving force for innovation, providing sustainable solutions for the challenges in all these areas. Sustainable solutions can only be achieved through innovation. This is why Research and Development has such enormous importance in BASF’s “We create chemistry” strategy. Based on the aforementioned trends, BASF focuses on promising growth fields in defined industries whose progress is instrumental in creating intelligent chemistry. Cross-sectional technologies and interdisciplinary approaches are needed World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 71 in order to develop solutions for these growth fields. An example of such a technology field within BASF is “White Biotechnology” or “Industrial Biotechnology”. The purpose of White Biotechnology at BASF is to develop sustainable and intelligent solutions for its customers, including those in the food, health, pharmaceutical, crop protection and chemical industries. Microorganisms and enzymes are used in biotechnological processes in order to produce a wide range of products and to meet the worldwide demand for high-performance products such as vitamins, crop protection products, optically active chemicals and intermediates in BASF’s value-adding chain. SL-124 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing ENGINEERING CROPS FOR CELLULOSIC BIOFUELS PRODUCTION R. Michael Raab Agrivida, Inc. 200 Boston Ave., Medford, MA 02155; E-mail: rmraab@agrivida.com Agrivida, Inc., is an agricultural biotechnology company developing industrial crop feedstocks for the fuel and chemical industries. Agrivida’s crops have improved processing traits that enable efficient, low-cost conversion of the crops’ cellulosic components into fermentable sugars. Currently, pretreatment and enzymatic conversion of the major cell wall components, cellulose and hemicellulose, into fermentable sugars is the most expensive processing step that prevents widespread adoption of biomass in biofuels processes. To lower production costs Agrivida is consolidating pretreatment and enzyme production within the crop. In this strategy, transgenic plants express engineered cell wall degrading enzymes in an inactive form, which can be reactivated after harvest. We have engineered protein elements that disrupt enzyme activity during normal plant growth. Upon exposure to specific processing conditions, the engineered enzymes are converted into their active forms. This mechanism significantly lowers pretreatment costs and enzyme loadings (>80% reduction) below those currently available to the industry. SL-28 Track: Medical Biotechnology NMR STUDIES OF A C-TERMINAL PEPTIDE FROM PGKC OF LEISHMANIA MEXICANA IN RECONSTITUTED SDS MICELLES Vidya Raghunathana, Sandeep Kaushik, Bankala Krishnarjuna, Srinivasarao Raghothama, Sangita Aggarwala and Anjali Ganjiwale Dept. of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi - 110067, India; E-mail: vraghuna@nii.ac.in Trypanosomatids cause deadly diseases in humans. Of the various biochemical pathways in trypanosomatids, glycolysis, has received special attention because of being sequestered in peroxisome like organelles critical for the survival of the parasite. This study focuses on phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) from Leishmania spp which, exists in two isoforms, the cytoplasmic PGKB and glycosomal PGKC differing in their biochemical properties. Computational analysis predicted the likelihood of a transmembrane (TM) helix only in the glycosomal isoform PGKC-Lmex, of approximate length 20 residues in the 62-residue extension, ending at, arginine residues R471 and R472. From experimental studies using circular dichroism and NMR with deuterated sodium dodecyl sulphate, we find that the transmembrane helix spans residues 448 ±2 to 476. The significance of this observation is discussed in the context of glycosomal transport and susbtrate tunneling. 72 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Keywords: Phosphoglycerate kinase, C-terminal domain, Transmembrane helix, glycosomal localization, NMR structure. SL-133 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing NEW ROUTES TOWARD DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL ANTIFUNGAL THERAPEUTICS Reeta Prusty Rao Bio & Biotech, WPI, Member CFAR, U Mass Medical School. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; E-mail: rpr@WPI.EDU Infection by pathogenic fungi such as Candida albicans begins with adhesion to host cells or implanted medical devices, followed by biofilm formation. By high-throughput screening of small molecules, we identified compounds that inhibit adhesion of C. albicans to polystyrene. One of our candidate compounds also inhibits binding of C. albicans to cultured human epithelial cells, the yeast-to-hyphal morphological transition, biofilm formation on silicone mesh, pathogenesis in a nematode infection model, and alters fungal morphology in a mouse mucosal infection assay. Other compounds identified share some but not all of these activities. Therefore, we have identified compounds that can probe various aspects of fungal pathogenesis, and may provide new routes toward development of novel antifungal therapeutics. SL-135 Track: Regenerative Medicine STEM CELLS IN THE TREATMENT OF RADIATION-INDUCED NORMAL TISSUE DAMAGE Mohi Rezvani Natural Biosciences, School of Biological Sciences, AMS Building, Room 132, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6UR, UK: E-mail: mohi.rezvani@natural-biosciences.com At present, there is not a standard protocol for the treatment of radiation-induced normal tissue lesions but, among many modalities suggested for post irradiation modification of radiation, stem cells has been shown to be very promising. Our approach was based on transplantation of adult stem cells. The influence of the transplantation of bone marrow and adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the development of radiation injury was examined in CNC, skin and gut of rats and significant beneficial effects were observed. However, in studies involving the homing of the transplanted cells into damaged tissues it was observed that while stem cells homed to radiation-damaged tissues the number of engrafted cells was too low to explain the significant functional improvements observed after stem cell transplantation. The alternative hypothesis is that the transplanted stem cells release soluble factors that, acting in a paracrine fashion, mediate recovery/regeneration of resident endogenous stem cells that lead to an improved functional response. The paracrine effect of MSCs has been reported in many recent studies and has been shown that MSCs can secrete many biologically effective molecules such as VEGF, IGF-1, bFGF, HGF, TGF- , PDGF and many others. In our studies, we did not focus on a specific factor, but report that conditioned media or exosomes derived from MSCs could modify radiation damage in a number of tissue models. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 73 SL-59 Track: Regenerative Medicine INFLUENCE OF HUMAN BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL ON MICROVASCULATURE: OUR EXPERIMENT IN RAT ISCHEMIC AND MOUSE TUMOUR MODELS Claire Rome INSERM U836, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France; E-mail: romec@ujfgrenoble.fr Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) play multiple biological functions and have a strong potential in cancer treatment and in regenerative medicine. hMSC have been identified as multipotent progenitor cells that differentiate both into mesenchymal and non-mesnchymal lineages including neurons and endothelial cells. In a first assay, we used an in vivo physiological model of angiogenesis based on the introduction of a cellulose sponge template under the skin of the mouse and demonstrated the pro-angiogenic activities of hMSCs. We then evaluated if an effect on microvasculature comes with the effect oh hMSC on tumour growth as well as on cerebral stoke. Indeed, hMSCs play a central role in the pathogenesis and progression of tumours, their impact on tumour growth remains controversial. We investigated the influence of hMSCs on the growth of pre-established tumours. We engrafted nude mice with luciferase-positive mouse adenocarcinoma cells (TSA-Luc+) to obtain subcutaneous (SC) or lung metastasis. Once the tumour presence was established (by non-invasive bioluminescence imaging), hMSCs were injected into the periphery of the SC tumours or systemically injected in mice. An hMSC administration was associated with a decreased tumour growth. Interestingly, the treatment of tumours with hMSCs was not associated with a modification of 3D RGD-based fluorescence imaging or an increasing amount of haemoglobin. Nevertheless, we observed an effect on the tumour vasculature, characterised by a decrease in the number of blood vessels and an increase in the vessel size, leading to a more structured vascular architecture. In regenerative medicine, the subacute stage of stroke is a time for intense microvascular remodeling and neurogenesis. We then investigated the functional benefit and the microvascular effect of a systemic injection of hMSC at the subacute phase of a rat model of cerebral ischemia. Sensorimotor and cognitive deficits were assessed during 7 weeks. Using MRI, several microvascular characteristics were monitored during 25 days. In addition, angiogenic factors were quantified on brain samples by RT-qPCR. We observed that despite a non specific trapping in spleen, liver, lungs and muscle, and the low amount of hMSC reaching the lesion, systemic hMSC administration increases increase the vascular density after 1 to 2 weeks. Human MSC induced the release of endogenous Ang2, Ang1, SDF-1 and TGF 1. Consequently, the physiological angiogenesis that occurs after ischemia-reperfusion, and especially the stabilization of newborn vessels was enhanced one week following hMSC injection. These modifications could be linked to the improvement in sensorimotor and cognitive recovery observed three weeks after injection. In conclusion, regarding both models of tumour and cerebral ischemia, our results suggest despite the low amount of hMSC reaching the lesion, systemic hMSC administration modify microvasculature. hMSC would thus represent an interesting therapy with a different mode of action that depends on the tissue microenvironment. 74 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-79 Track: Medical Biotechnology NONPARAMETRIC BAYESIAN INFERENCE FOR COMPLEX DATA Gary Rosner Oncology Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; E-mail: grosner1@jhmi.edu This talk considers nonparametric Bayesian inference in biomedical research. Of particular interest are situations in which one does not wish to specify parametric models but one wishes to learn about possible high-level interactions among covariates. Specifically, we will discuss random partition models with regression on patient-specific covariates. The main feature and motivation for the proposed model is the use of covariates with a mix of different data formats and possible high-order interactions in the regression. The regression is not explicitly parametric but is implied by the random clustering of subjects. Examples will include survival data from a clinical trial and longitudinal data analysis with mixed-effects models having a nonparametric Bayesian prior on the treatment effect. SL-53 Track: Regenerative Medicine CRITICAL LONG BONE DEFECT TREATED BY MAGNETIC SCAFFOLDS AND FIXED BY PERMANENT MAGNETS A. Russo, S. Panseri, T. Shelyakova, M. Sandri, A. Ortolani, S.T. Meikle, J. Lacey, A. Tampieri, V. Dediu, M. Santin and M. Marcacci Biomechanics Laboratory, Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; E-mail: a.russo@biomec.ior.it Bone function depend on ultrastructural organization of its components. The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone regeneration in a critical diaphyseal defect treated by magnetic scaffold implantation, fixed by hybrid system, supplied through magnetic-nanoparticle functionalized with Vascular-Endothelial-Growth-Factor(MNP-VEGF) and magneticguiding. A critical defect was created in 8 sheep metatarsus diaphysis, then we implanted a novel porous ceramic composite scaffold (Hydroxyapatite/Magnetite, 90/10), proximally fixated by two cylindrical permanent magnets; screws-and-plate were used as a bridge to improve stability. Scaffolds biocompatibility was previously assessed. Magnetic forces through scaffold were calculated by finite-element-software (COMSOL-Multiphysics, AC/DC-Model). One-week after surgery, MNP-VEGF were injected at scaffold mid-portion in 4 sheep; other sheep were used as control group. After sixteen-weeks, sheep were sacrificed. Macroscopical, radiological and microCT metatarsi examinations were performed. Macroscopical examination shows complete coverage of scaffolds and bone formation inside pores, in particular at magnetized bone-scaffold interface. X-rays show a good integration of scaffold with a good healing process without scaffolds mobilization. These datas were confirmed by microCT. Histomorphological evaluation confirmed greater bone regeneration at magnetized interface, in both groups, and when VEGF-MNP were injected. These preliminary results lead our research to exploiting magnetic forces to stimulate bone formation, to improve fixation, and to guide targeted-drug-delivery. Keywords: Scaffold, tissue engineering, drug delivery, magnetic forces. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 75 SL-138 Track: Regenerative Medicine FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CHITOSAN STABILIZED MAGNETIC CORESHELL FE3O4-GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS Hossein Salehizadeh, Elham Hekmatian, Misam Sadeghi, Kevin Kennedy University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran; E-mail: Salehi633@hotmail.com University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada Chitosan stabilized bimetallic core-shell nanoparticles have often great potential for biotechnological and biomedical applications such as bioseparation, wastewater treatment, remediation, drug delivery, spinal damage repairing, MRI bioimaging and biodetection. In this study, supermagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using co-precipitation method and the average size of nanoparticles were determined up to 10 nm. The optimum Fe3+: Fe2+ mole ratio used was 2:1. Magnetic core-shell nanoparticles with an average size of 15 nm in diameter, including both the optical characteristics of gold and the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 were prepared. Gold reduction was carried out using glucose and chitosan used as stabilizing agent, cross linked by formaldehyde to produce regularly shape and mono-disperse nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized using modern techniques such as XRD, AFM, and TEM. The results confirmed that the applied method can be considered as a simple and agglomerate-free strategy for synthesis of core-shell Fe3O4/Au nanoparticles under mild conditions. Keywords: Applications, Biopolymer, Chitosan, Core-shell, Fe3O4-Gold-Chitosan, Magnetic, Nanoparticles. Reference: Salehizadeh H., Hekmatian E., Sadeghi M., Kennedy K. Synthesis and characterization of core-shell Fe3O4-gold-chitosan nanostructure. J. Nanobiotechnology 2012, 10, 3. SL-50 Track: Regenerative Medicine NEW MAGNETIC APPLICATIONS NANOBEADS FULLY BIODEGRADABLE FOR BIOMEDICAL Monica Sandri, Michele Iafisco, Silvia Panseri, Elisa Savini and Anna Tampieri Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza (RA), Italy; E‐mail: monica.sandri@istec.cnr.it Nowadays, magnetic nanoparticles are receiving special attention due to their potential applications in theranostic. The big challenge is the production of magnetic materials with superior level of safety in terms of biocompatibility. Recently we developed an innovative biocompatible and bioresorbable superparamagnetic phase by doping nano-hydroxyapatite with Fe2+/Fe3+ ions (FeHA). All the performed physic-chemical analysis confirm that the new phase is an hydroxyapatite where Fe2+ and Fe3+ occupied the two independent calcium sites with a specific coordination so to generate intrinsic superparamagnetism. Studies in-vitro and in-vivo have assessed the complete biocompatibility of the FeHA MNPs. Magnetic FeHA can be used as a conceptually new type of biomaterial for hard tissue regeneration or as a valid bioactive substitute for the not biodegradable magnetite based commercial MNPs. Additionally magnetic hollow nanoFeHA coated poly(L-lactic)acid(PLLA) micro-nanospheres with potential applications as scaffold for hard tissue regeneration as well as particles for nanomedical applications were developed. The possibility to functionalize the FeHA-MNPs with growth factors, contrast agents or drugs results to be an innovative delivery system useful for both regenerative medicine and theranostic, due to the possibility to move and to fine control, by an external magnetic field, the bound molecules in the target site. Keywords: Biomaterials, nanodevices, magnetic nanoparticles, theranostic. 76 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-87 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing MAKING BIG THINGS HAPPEN IN INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Karl Sanford DuPont Industrial Biosciences Division, 925 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; E-mail: ksanford@genencor.com This presentation will provide a landscape of the DuPont Industrial Biosciences Division, its Biomaterials platform and update progress on BioIsoprene™ project. The acquisition of Danisco by DuPont in 2011 resulted in the creation of the Industrial Biosciences Division which is establishing a world leading industrial biotechnology enterprise focused on biorefineries, biomaterials and bioactives. Touch points in this presentation will include Bio-PDO and the Sorona® polymer platform, cellulosic ethanol, with the recently announced plant construction in Nevada, Iowa, and BioIsoprene™ collaboration with Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company. SL-130 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing NEXT-GENERATION BIOFUELS FROM ALGAE Richard Sayre New Mexico Consortium, 4200 W Jemez Rd; Ste 301, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; E-mail: rsayre@newmexicoconsortium.org One of the more environmentally sustainable ways to produce energy is the conversion of solar energy into biomass. Plants and algae use solar energy to reduce carbon dioxide to carbohydrates and oils. The first-generation biofuels (alcohol and diesel) were/are produced from only a few crop systems. Typically, only a fraction of the solar energy captured and converted into chemical energy (biomass) was harvestable. Inefficiencies in feedstock harvesting and processing further reduced the recoverable energy and reduced net carbon capture. Next generation biofuel production systems are expected to have a lower impact on the environment, greater productivity, greater energy return on investment, and will be directly compatible with the existing energy infra-structure. One of the more attractive next generation biofuel systems is algae. Algae grow rapidly, have high oil content (up to 55% oil), and are capable of producing 3-10 times more biomass per unit land area than any terrestrial crop system. In addition, algae can potentially capture CO2 as bicarbonate in ponds as well as utilize nutrient-rich waste water. Significantly, the single celled algae are also one of the more evolutionary diverse groups of organisms whose biodiversity represents a rich resource for bioprospecting for new genes and biochemical potential. However, the economics of algal bioenergy production are currently not favorable. We will identify some of the constraints facing algal biofuels production systems and strategies and progress to overcome those constraints. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 77 SL-143 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: biopharmaceuticals discovery (CNS, cancer, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune); vaccines; antibodies; protein engineering STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL DISSECTION OF HUMAN ERGP55 ONCOPROTEIN, A CRITICAL TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR INVOLVED IN PROSTATE CANCER Shanti P. Gangwar and Ajay K. Saxena Structural Biology Lab, Jawaharlal Nehru University, School of Life Sciences, New Delhi, INDIA; E-mail: ajaysaxena@mail.jnu.ac.in The Ergp55 encodes for a sequence specific transcription activator that contains DNA binding, trans-activation and regulatory domains in the protein. TMPRSS2-Ergp55 fusion transcripts were observed in more than 50% of prostate cancer cells and significantly associated with aggressive cancer, metastatic spread and increased probability of death. Structure-function analysis of Ergp55 protein will be indispensable in understanding its biology and structure based drug designing for the prostate cancer treatment. To study Ergp55, We expressed, purified and characterized the full length Ergp55 and its three smaller polypeptides. The circular dichorism and molecular modeling analysis on full length Ergp55 indicated a highly elongated structure containing large amount of -helix and random coil structures. The DNA binding analysis using surface plasmon resonance technique indicated that N- and C-terminal fragments beyond ETS domain of Ergp55 involved in DNA binding autoinhibition. Despite high degree of sequence similarity in DNA recognition helix within ETS domain, the ETS proteins exhibit different DNA binding properties. To understand the DNA binding specificity and mechanism of interaction, we have recently crystallized and solved the structures of native ETS domain of Ergp55 and its complexes with DNA sequences of E74 and cFOS promoters. The ETS domain of Ergp55 forms classical / fold with three -helices packed against four antiparallel -stands to form winged helix-turn-helix motif. The structure of complexes of ETS domain of Ergp55 with DNA reveals the specificity and mechanism of interactions between ETS domain and promoter DNA sequences. The current structure analysis will reveal the key principle by which specific inhibitors e.g., drugs could be designed, which inhibits DNA binding to ETS domain to Ergp55. All new data will be discussed in current meeting. SL-82 Track: Medical Biotechnology PREVALENCE OF NOROVIRUS IN THE SEWAGE OUTFALL SITES OF CHENNAI CITY, INDIA - A THREAT TO HUMAN Kamatchiammal Senthilkumar and Anbazhagi Muthukumar 1 National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, CSIR Madras Comlex, Taramani, Chennai, India 2Defence Research and Devlopment Organisation - Bahrathiar University Center for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University Campus, Coimbatore, India; E-mail: kamatchi1965@gmail.com Noroviruses (NoVs) are a major cause of gastroenteritis. They mainly occur in winter season and can be found in faeces of patients and Sea foods. The prevalence of NoVs in winter has already been emphasized, yet NoVs are likely to survive and be circulating in human surroundings in summer as well. It is very difficult to assess the number of patients suffering from NoVs in an epidemiological surveillance, mainly because people do not, necessarily, visit hospital in cases of diarrhoea and also because there is no critical diagnostic need to identify the agent causing diarrhoea. However, information on the occurrence of NoVs in India is limited. In this study 22 sewage outfall samples were collected from ten sites of Chennai city. The samples were concentrated and analyzed using specific primers of Norovirus by reverse transcriptase PCR. Norovirus were present among 86% of the samples. The analysed PCR products gave the same result by agarose gel electrophoresis as well as southern hybridization. Presence of noroviruses in the sewage contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms of viral transmission and to the determination of the role played by them as a transmission vector. This knowledge is important 78 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 since current water treatment regulations do not include testing for these pathogenic viruses. Epidemiological studies are needed to understand the importance of asymptomatic NoV infection as it relates to the transmission of infection and gastroenteritis. SL-7 Track: Medical Biotechnology BLOOD AS A SURROGATE FOR TUMORS: BIOMARKERS FOR DIAGNOSIS, PROGNOSIS, RECURRENCE Louise C. Showe The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104; E-mail: lshowe@wistar.org The use of gene expression profiling to identify biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis has been the subject of numerous studies. Most of these focus on biomarker signatures in the tumor tissues derived from biopsies or surgical resections. The ability to substitute a surrogate source of information such as blood for the tumor tissue has two important advantages: collection is non-invasive, lower risk and less expensive than biopsy or bronchoscopy, and the surrogate information source remains in the patient after the tumor is removed. This allows continuous monitoring for the presence of residual disease, relapse or recurrence. Our studies on early stage non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) show that biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis can be detected in RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). We also find that benign lung nodules leave a distinct but overlapping PBMC based gene signature. PBMC samples analyzed months after malignant tumor removal show that the NSCLC signature remains detectable but is frequently diminished. Interactions between a cancer and the immune system can be cancer-supportive as well as cancer-antagonistic. The ability to continually monitor changing immune-cell gene expression could provide an approach to assessing how these processes change over time and how those changes relate to outcome. We are now extending these studies to RNA from blood cells collected in commercially available PAXgene tubes which stabilize RNA at the point of collection. These tubes allow for standardized blood sample collection in routine settings. SL-20 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing AT-LINE MONITORING FLOW CYTOMETRIC APPROACH FOR LIPID AND CAROTENOID DETECTION IN YEASTS Maria Teresa Saraiva Lopes da Silva*, Cláudia Freitas and Alberto Reis LNEG, Bioenergy Unit, Edificio F, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, 1649-038 Lisbon, Portugal; E-mail: teresa.lopessilva@lneg.pt Microbial oils can be used as feedstock for biodiesel production. Compared to other vegetable oils and animal fats, the production of microbial oil has many advantages: short life cycle, less labor required and easier to scale-up. However, at present, the major obstacle for commercialization of biodiesel obtained from microbial lipids is the high production cost involved. Therefore it is crucial to explore approaches to reduce the price of microbial biodiesel process as the coproduction of microbial lipids and high value added-products. Biodiesel production from yeasts may have particular interest as these microorganisms may contain a high lipid content which can be extracted and converted into biofuel. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 79 In addition, some yeasts (Rhodosporidium sp.) contain carotenoids of high commercial interest (beta-carotene, others) which are used as natural food colorants and feed additives in aquaculture. The co-extraction of lipids and carotenoids from the yeast biomass, in a biorefinary concept, will allow the economical sustainable biofuel production, since the high-value added products (carotenoids) will support the fuel production, and will take advantage of the various components in the yeast biomass, producing biofuels and carotenoids. Therefore it is crucial to monitor the lipid and carotenoid production when producing these compounds from yeasts. If at-line information is available, it is possible to change the process control strategy during the process progress, in order to achieve the maximum productivities by changing the operational conditions (agitation, aeration, medium composition, etc.). Such approach is not possible when using conventional microbiology techniques such as optical density, dry cell weight or colony forming units, currently used for process monitoring. In the present work we used flow Cytometry to at-line monitor the lipid and carotenoid content in the yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides. Such approach allows the quick process optimization from bench to pilot scale. SL-72 Track: Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae GENOMICS-ASSISTED GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF A BIOENERGY CROP, JATROPHA CURCAS L Rajinder Singh, Arti Sharma and Archit Sood Dept. of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan-173234 H.P. India; E-mail: rajidner.chauhan@juit.ac.in Jatropha curcas is a promising energy crop with a seed oil composition of 21% saturated fatty acids and 79% unsaturated fatty acids (palmitic acids 4.2%, stearic acid 6.9%, oleic acid 43.1%, linoleic acid 34.3%, and others 1.4%), suitable as a source of biodiesel. Genomic resources such as molecular markers (SSRs and SNPs), candidate gene markers, and resistance gene analogues were identified in the whole genome of J. curcas as well as through comparative genomics with caster bean. Polymorphic SSRs differentiating J. curcas genotypes and species were identified. Three genes, Ketoacyl ACP synthase III, oleoyl desaturase and stearoyl ACP desaturase showed relatively higher expression in high oil content Jatropha genotypes. The promoter regions of these three genes were cloned from high- versus low-oil content Jatropha genotypes to detect differences in sequence elements. One molecular marker, as an amplicon (700bp) from intron and exon junction of steroyl desaturase gene, showed association with high seed oil content trait in J. curcas. All these genomic interventions are expected to speed up genetic improvement of J. curcas for higher seed yield and oil content. 80 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-9 Track: Plant and Environment FUNGAL -N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES: PROMISCUOUS SYNTHETIC TOOLS Kristýna Slámová1, Pavla Bojarová1, Karel Křenek1, Radek Gažák1,Natallia Kulik2, Rüdiger Ettrich2and Vladimír Křen1 1 Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vídeňská 1083, Praha 4, 142 20, Czech Republic 2 Institute of Nanobiology and Structural Biology of GCRC, Zámek 136, Nové Hrady, 373 33, Czech Republic; E-mail: slamova.kristyna@gmail.com Fungal -N-acetylhexosaminidases (EC 3.2.1.52; CAZy Glycoside Hydrolase family 20) have proved to be universal biocatalysts in the synthesis of unnatural oligosaccharides. -N-Acetylhexosaminidase isolated from the filamentous fungus Talaromyces flavus exhibited unusual tolerance to -N-acetylglucosaminides and -N-acetylgalactosaminides bearing various modifications in the pyranose ring of the substrate both in hydrolytic and transglycosylation reaction modes.Several sets of unnatural -N-acetylhexosaminides (fig.), such as sulfates [1], 4-deoxyhexosaminides [2], and a variety of C-6 negatively charged glycosides [3], have been prepared and tested as substrates of fungal -Nacetylhexosaminidases. Using these enzymes, a number of novel functionalized oligosaccharides have been synthesized, purified and fully characterized. Moreover, -N-acetylhexosaminidase from T. flavus has shown its ability toutilize also N-glycosides, e. g. GlcNAc-azide [4] and GlcNAc-triazole [5], the latter one being quite unique. In order to reach a deeper view on the observed substrate flexibility of fungal -N-acetylhexosaminidases, the techniques of molecular modelling and substrate docking were employed, which helped us explain the structure-activity relationship in this group of enzymes. Acknowledgement This work was supported by the grant P207/11/0629 from the Czech Science Foundation, by project RVO61388971 (Institute of Microbiology research concept) and by the EU project NOVOSIDES FP7-KBBE-2010-4-265854. References [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Loft K. J., Bojarová P., Slámová K., Křen V., Williams S. J.: ChemBioChem, 10, 565-576 (2009). Slámová K., Gažák R., Bojarová P., Kulik N., Ettrich R., Pelantová H., Sedmera P., Křen V.: Glycobiology, 20, 1002-1009 (2010). Bojarová P., Slámová K., Křenek K., Gažák R., Kulik N., Ettrich R., Pelantová H., Kuzma M., Riva S., Adámek D., Bezouška K., Křen V.: Adv. Synth. Catal., 353, 2409-2420 (2011). Fialová P., Carmona A. T., Robina I., Ettrich R., Sedmera P., Přikrylová V., Petrásková-Hušáková L., Křen V.: Tetrahedron Lett., 46, 8715-8718 (2005). Slámová K., Marhol P., Bezouška K., Lindkvist L., Hansen S. G., Křen V., Jensen H. H.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 42634265 (2010). World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 81 SL-100 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing SUSTAINABLY DEVELOPING FUELS AND CHEMICALS FROM BIOMASS Colin R. South Novogy, Inc. Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; E-mail: csouth@novogyinc.com The development of processes that allow cost competitive bio- conversion of fermentable feedstocks to fuels and chemicals has proven to be very challenging. The complex business environment at the intersection of the energy, agriculture, and forestry markets has been a difficult space to develop fundable projects which simultaneously overcome feedstock and product supply chains with large entrenched players, develop technology with competitive differentiation, reduce technical risk, and cost effectively establish sufficient scale to generate and ensure ROI. The conversion of oxygenated feedstocks to high energy reduced fuels is not immune to the challenges of stoichiometry and the laws of thermodynamics which define the low cost asymptote for the feedstock cost contribution to product. While smaller high value niche products can support relatively expensive feedstocks and low stoichiometric conversions, ultimately the margin decrease seen as production volumes move to commodity levels ensure that points of differentiation due to feedstock source, conversion cost, or product mix become dominant concerns. Establishing a product mix that allows competitive advantage on a feedstock of choice will be essential to determining the long term viability for fuels and chemicals manufacture. Protecting the points of value capture and supply chain dominance will be the key to ensuring the manufacture of second generation fuels and chemicals is not driven into the refining squeeze that is now predominant in first generation fuels manufacture. This presentation will focus on the framework under which second generation fuels and chemicals are being developed, in particular focussing on the routes to long term defensible process development approaches. SL-62 Track: Regenerative Medicine FROM WOOD TO BONE: NEW BIOMORPHIC SCAFFOLDS FOR BONE REGENERATION Simone Sprio, Andrea Ruffini, Silvia Panseri, Giuseppe Filardo, Maurilio Marcacci, Anna Tampieri Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy; E-mail: simone.sprio@istec.cnr.it Bone tissue has outstanding ability of smart adaptation and response to ever changing mechanical stimuli, that allows self-repairing and remodelling upon limited damages. This is due to its structure that, particularly in long bones, is characterized by a hierarchically organized porosity conferring high strength, elasticity and ability to disperse biomechanical loads down to the smallest trabeculae. Bone regeneration requires the implantation of 3-D supports mimicking the chemical-physical and morphological/structural features of the natural tissues, in order to promote and assist cell adhesion, colonization and specific differentiation, in turn yielding the formation of well-organized new bone. The need of structurally complex scaffolds becomes crucial in case of regeneration of long bones, as they have to withstand complex biomechanical loads. Presently, serious diseases involving long segmental bones can be treated only by repeated and painful surgery with the aid of metallic components. However this solution does not allow patients to recover the functionality of their original bones, thus penalizing the quality of life. Indeed, in spite of the leaps forward, recorded in the last decade, in the development of bioactive bone scaffolds, no acceptable solution has been found yet for regenerating long, load-bearing, segmental bones. The limiting factor is the feasibility to artificially develop calcium phosphate structures with 3-D hierarchical pore organization down to micron-size by currently available manufacturing technologies. Our idea was to take inspiration by nature, which exhibits innumerable structures with high complexity and astonishing performances (i.e. woods, plants, shells, corals, exoskeletons). In particular, we selected ligneous structures with bone-mimicking morphology and pore size distribution, and then we set up and applied a multi-step 82 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 chemical process to transform it into hierarchically organized biomorphic scaffolds made of biomimetic hydroxyapatite (HA). The different steps of the process were developed in order to achieve phase transformation with carefully controlled kinetics, aimed to maintain the structure of the original wood. Therefore, the obtained scaffolds exhibited bone-like composition (i.e. carbonated hydroxyapatite) and a microstructure organized in channel-like macro-pores suitable for cell colonization (Fig. 1), interconnected with a network of micro-pores suitable for fluid exchange. The multi-step process generated HA scaffolds without recurring to any sintering process, thus resulting in a final nanosized microstructure exhibiting high specific surface and high bioactivity. Besides, in consequence of the hierarchically organized structure of the new biomorphic scaffolds, the mechanical properties resulted highly anisotropic and with improved compression strength with respect to commercially available HA scaffolds for bone regeneration. In vitro tests demonstrated fast cell colonization and spreading on the scaffold trabeculae; in vivo analyses in small animal showed the formation of new organized bone and complete habitation of the scaffold. Preliminary data on biomorphic scaffolds implanted in metatarsus defects in large animals showed that the possibility of mechanically loading the scaffold can enhance bone tissue regeneration. These preliminary results are very promising for further development of scaffolds for segmental bone regeneration. Keywords: Bone regeneration, biomimesis, hydroxyapatite, biomorphic transformation, hierarchically organized scaffolds. Fig. (1). Top: From Rattan wood to HA bone scaffolds. Bottom: Comparism between the structure of bone and rattan. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 83 SL-131 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: biopharmaceuticals discovery (CNS, cancer, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune); vaccines; antibodies; protein engineering DISCOVERING NOVEL THERAPEUTICS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER: AN ACADEMIC PERSPECTIVE WITH EMPHASIS ON TARGETED DELIVERY Theodoros Karampelas, Orestis Argyros, Nisar Sayyad, Andreas G. Tzakos, Demosthenes Fokas and Constantin Tamvakopoulos Division of Pharmacology-Pharmacotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece 11527; E-mail: ctamvakop@bioacademy.gr The gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) is overexpressed in various types of cancer, thus providing opportunities for targeted therapy. An elegant and effective approach involves the synthesis of conjugate molecules, GnRHR agonists linked to cytotoxic drugs that enter the cell via receptor mediated internalization and lead to improved therapeutic windows in comparison to the cytotoxic drug. As a novel alternative to previously described strategies, we present the synthesis and evaluation of GnRH conjugates containing gemcitabine (dFdC) in proof-of-concept studies that include NMR mapping, binding assays, in vitro stability, cell uptake and toxicity, in-vivo biodistribution and efficacy in relevant animal models. The antiproliferative effect of these novel GnRH conjugates was demonstrated in representative prostate cancer cell lines. The effective release of gemcitabine from the GnRH-gemcitabine conjugate was shown in plasma and cell culture incubation conditions, a process that can be controlled by synthetically altering the linkers employed in the conjugated analogues. Gemcitabine derived from the conjugate product appears to have a slower cell uptake rate compared to gemcitabine in cells, suggesting a potential benefit (efficacy vs toxicity). Moreover, following administration in mice, gemcitabine resulting from GnRH-gemcitabine conjugate, appears to have improved pharmacokinetic properties as was demonstrated by mass spectrometry measurements of gemcitabine and its full spectrum of metabolic products (dFdCTP, dFdCDP, dFdU). Finally, GnRH-gemcitabine conjugates were shown to be efficacious in animal models of prostate cancer with a significant efficacy benefit over gemcitabine. SL-96 Track: Other Areas: Food; Marine; Bio-safety; Systems Biology, Clinical Research/clinical trials; bioethics; nanobiotechnology ENZYME-CATALYZED FUNCTIONALIZATION OF SURFACES THROUGH CROSSLINKING REACTIONS Linda Thöny-Meyer, Greta Faccio, Tobias Heck, Julian Ihssen, Phu Pham and Michael Richter Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomaterials, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; E-mail: linda.thoeny@empa.ch Functionalization of polymeric materials is an important application of enzymes with crosslinking activity. Crosslinking of (poly) peptides to polymers leads to a bio-functionalization of surfaces that can be exploited biotechnologically. Several enzymes are known which catalyze crosslinking reactions, among them sortases, tyrosinases and laccases. Tyrosinase is an enzyme capable of catalyzing crosslinking reactions with proteins. It oxidatively converts exposed tyrosyl side chains into the corresponding activated DOPA-quinones which can undergo crosslinking with nucleophiles such as NH2, SH or OH groups. We have engineered a highly active bacterial tyrosinase and used it to form proteinprotein crosslinks. In Staphylococcus aureus the specific surface proteins are attached by the enzyme sortase which recognizes the Cterminal sorting signal LPXTG, cleaves between threonine and glycine and transfers the polypeptide to the peptidoglycan precursor. A histidine-tagged GFPuv protein carrying this motif was immobilized onto triglycinefunctionalized polystyrene beads by S. aureus sortase A. 84 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 A further enzymatic surface functionalization is the iodination of lignin derivatives. We have treated spruce wood with fungal laccase and iodide to obtain a leaching-resistant antimicrobial surface. Apparently, laccase catalyzed the coupling of iodide to phenolic wood constituents (lignin). Transformation of the lignin derivative vanillin to iodovanillin in dependence of laccase could be shown. SL-136 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing DESIGN OF NEW BIOCATALYSTS OF MICROBIAL LIPASES BY SOLID PHASE CHEMICAL MODIFICATION Claudia Ortiz, Roberto Fernández-Lafuente and Rodrigo Torres School of Chemistry, Universidad E-mail: rtorres@uis.edu.co Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia; Due to existence of some limitations of enzymes as industrial biocatalysts, and the interest for their useon synthetic and industrial applications, the search for new tools to improve enzyme properties is a very relevant goal. There are several ways to modify enzyme features. Among these, covalent chemical modification of enzymes has now re-emerged as powerful tool for tailoring proteins and enzymes, and producing dramatic alterations in their observed activity, stability, specificity or selectivity. This is more obvious by using of immobilized enzymes, which it can take advantages of the solid phase chemistry. In this presentation, we will showchemical modifications of immobilized lipase preparations that have been performed with different chemical compounds, e.g. ethylenediamine (EDA), succinic anhydride (SA), 2,4,6-trinitrobenzensulfonic acid (TNBS), polyethylene glycol (PEG) or glutaraldehyde. These modifications of the enzyme surface,which causes changes in physical properties such as charge or hydrophobicity, have probed to be practical methods to enhance the biocatalyst performance (stability, activity, selectivity). These alterations in enzyme properties by chemical modification should be due to changes in the structure of the active form of the lipase. For example, they may be related to the stabilization of a hyperactivated form of lipases, like in the case of lipases immobilized on hydrophobic supports via interfacial activation. In some other instances, these improvements will be just a consequence of random modifications in the enzyme properties. For this reason, the preparation of a library of biocatalysts as broad as possible may be a key turning point to find an immobilized biocatalyst chemically modified with suitable catalytic properties when compared to the free enzyme. In this talk, we will present different strategies for enzyme modification, in solid phase, of lipases from different microbial sources, in order to improve enzyme properties such as: thermostability or stability in organic solvents, activity or enantioselectivity in kinetic resolution of racemic compounds. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 85 Finally, these chemical modifications may be also aimed to improve enzyme immobilization. Moreover, we will show how chemical amination may be very useful to obtain cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) of enzymes with low density of amino groups in their surface. SL-137 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: biopharmaceuticals discovery (CNS, cancer, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune); vaccines; antibodies; protein engineering \ CATALYTIC HUMAN ANTIBODY LIGHT CHAINS SUPPRESSING THE INFECTION OF RABIES VIRUS (ANTIGENASES) CAPABLE OF Taizo Uda, Akira Nishizono and Emi Hifumi Department of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Oita University Oita-shi, Japan; E-mail: uda@oita-u.ac.jp By immunizing ground-state peptides or proteins into mice, the authors have prepared unique murine antigenases that could destroy HIV-1-gp41, CCR5-peptide, H. pylori urease, TNF, influenza virus etc. Based on their structural analysis, we proposed that the antigenase encodes a catalytic triad-like structure composed of Ser, His and Asp in characteristic germline genes such as cr1, cs1, bd2 etc. These amino acid sequences have a high homology to those of human germline genes of subgroup II in kappa light chain. We cloned cDNAs encoding the human antibody light chains (kappa) belonging to subgroup II, which were prepared from leukocytes of a volunteer vaccinated with rabies virus. The obtained cDNAs were transformed into E.coli and expressed, followed by two-step purification. Highly purified antigenases were submitted to tests of infection of rabies virus in vitro or in vivo. Remarkably, #18 clone suppressed the infection of both CVS and HEP strains of rabies viruses in vitro assay. In vivo assay, the administered mice with rabies virus treated with #18 and #10 antigenase enhanced the number of survival mice compared with non-treated mice. Note that the human antigenases could be developed as a new drug for therapy of humans in future. SL-142 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing GENOMIC PLATFORM FOR EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF FUNGAL SECONDARY METABOLISM GENES IN INDUSTRY M. Umemura, H. Koike, J. Kawano, T. Ishii, Y. Miyamura, I. Takeda, H. Hagiwara, K. Tamano, T. Kumagai, T. Mitsuyama, K. Fukui, K. Horimoto, G. Terai, T. Ikegami, M. Yui, S. Kojima, S. Sekiguchi, J. Yu, K. Asai and M. Machida Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan; E-mail: umemura-m@aist.go.jp Secondary metabolism (SM) is thought to have a great potential not only for medical industry but also for chemical and environmental industries. Since expansion of sequencing microbial genomes in 1990's, it has been known that SM genes are expanded in the microbial genomes far more than those expected before sequencing. However, for most of the genes, we never have information about the conditions for their expression, thus, they have remained totally unexamined. It is said that only less than 10% of the compounds from the known genomes might have been served on screening so far. In order to accelerate analysis and utilization of the unaddressed useful genes, we have developed a platform comprised of NGS (next-generation sequencer), LC/MS and bioinformatics tools specialized for high throughput analysis of multiple fungal genomes. By using the platform, twelve novel fungal genomes can be sequenced within about two weeks by SOLiD 5500 XL. Our in-house pipelines allow quick and accurate analysis of genome, gene modeling, transcriptome 86 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 and successive prediction of SM gene cluster. Once a compound of interest is detected by any methods including biological, chemical or physical methods, corresponding SM gene cluster can be rapidly predicted typically within a month. We have successfully determined gene clusters of kojic acid, ustiloxin B and other unknown compounds to date. Remarkable feature of our platform is to detect SM gene clusters without a so-called SM core gene such as PKS, NRPS and TS genes, which allows to expand our target SM gene clusters far beyond those already examined. Keywords: fungi; secondary metabolite; Next-generation sequencing technology; de novo genome assembly. SL-6 Track: Plant and Environment NANOPARTICLES IN ENVIRONMENT – HOPE OR THREAT? Tomas Vanek, Petr Soudek, Radka Podlipná, Martin Vagner, Přemysl Landa and Radomíra Vaňková Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i. Rozvojová 263, 165 02 – Prague 6, Czech Republic; E-mail: vanek@ueb.cas.cz The use of nanoparticles (NPs) in commercial products and industrial applications has increased greatly in recent years although understanding of the interaction mechanisms at the molecular level between NPs and biological systems, is largely lacking. Nanoparticles are now being used in the manufacture of scratchproof eyeglasses, crack- resistant paints, anti-graffiti coatings for walls, transparent sunscreens, stain-repellent fabrics, self-cleaning windows and ceramic coatings for solar cells. At the nanoscale, the properties of particles may change in unpredictable ways. Nanoparticles of titanium oxide used in sunscreens, for example, have the same chemical composition as the larger white titanium oxide particles used in conventional products for decades, but nanoscale titanium oxide is transparent. Antimony - tin oxide provides another example since nanoparticles of this oxide are incorporated into a coating to provide scratch- resistance and offer transparent protection from ultra-violet radiation, not seen with larger size particles. Our work is focused to the study of effect of nanoparticles to the higher plant metabolisms, both in laboratory and real conditions to elucidate potential of phytoremediation methodology for removing NPs from environment. In laboratory conditions nanoparticles of TiO2, ZnO2, AlO2, Fullerenes and Graphite fibers were tested using Nicotiana tobacco cells BY2 and Arabidopsis thaliana as a model systems. Generally, all nanoparticles decreases plant cells viability – the most toxic effect was found for ZnO2, where only 67% of starting viability was detected. All nanoparticles (with exception of graphite fibers) decreased the production of ethylene. Part of their unfavorable effects might be disturbance of defense pathways in tobacco cells, probably via disturbance of ion homeostasis. All nanoparticles exhibit negative effect on cell division and stimulate various stress responses, e.g. antioxidant system and ethylene formation, while microaray data confirm stimulation of antioxidant system as well as general stress response and down-regulation of genes related to cell division. This work was supported by Czech-USA collaborative MYES project LH11047. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 87 SL-67 Track: Medical Biotechnology A SIMPLE DNA EXTRACTION METHOD FOR MOLECULAR XENOMONITORING OF HUMAN LYMPHATIC FILARIAL PARASITE WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI V. Vasuki, S. Subramaniam, S. L. Hoti and P. Jambulingam Vector Control Research Centre (ICMR) Indira Nagar, Medical complex Pondicherry 605 006 India; E-mail: vvasuki@yahoo.com Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is one of the major vector borne diseases affecting rural and urban poor in about 83 countries, with an estimated 120 million cases of current infection. About 90% of them are due to Wuchereria bancrofti. National programmes have been launched to eliminate LF, in line with the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) with effective Mass Drug Administration (MDA), to achieve interruption of transmission. Assessment of infection status of the mosquitoes responsible for filarial transmission in an endemic area is of prime importance for mapping of the areas and monitoring the progress during elimination programme. Molecular xenomonitoring (MX) utilizes PCR assay for detecting filarial DNA in wild-caught mosquitoes and becomes particularly valuable in areas where the prevalence of mosquito infection is very low. We developed a tris-EDTA (TE) buffer based method of DNA extraction and was found useful for the detection of W. bancrofti DNA in pools of (25-30) Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in Ssp I PCR assay. The same TE based DNA extraction method was employed with slight modifications and explored the suitability of the extracted DNA for amplification by real time PCR assay. The results were comparable with that obtained for Qiagen method which was taken as the gold standard. We further extended the study with 43,000 wild caught mosquitoes from an endemic area, Ammapettai PHC, Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu, India with appropriate sampling strategy. The results of the study indicated that the application of the TE based DNA extraction method in LDR real-time PCR assay for high-throughput detection of W. bancrofti could make molecular xenomonitoring practical, cost- and time-effective for large scale elimination programmes. Keywords: Lymphatic filariasis, Wuchereria bancrofti, DNA extraction methods, Real-time PCR assay, Molecular xenomonitoring. SL-27 Track: Plant and Environment NOVEL RECOMBINANT FUNGAL NITRILASES AND CYANIDE HYDRATASES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN BIOTRANSFORMATION OF MANDELON-ITRILE AND HCN Alicja Barbara Veselá1,2, A. Petříčková1,2, A. Rinágelová1,3, M. Chmátal1, O. Kaplan1, M. Pátek1 and L. Martínková1 1 Institute of Microbiology, Centre of Biocatalysis and Biotransformation, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague, Czech Republic; E-mail: vesela@biomed.cas.cz 2 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, CZ-12840 Prague, Czech Republic 3 Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Technická 5, CZ-16628 Prague, Czech Republic Nitrilases and cyanide hydratases (CHs) are enzymes with a high potential for use in biocatalysis because of their versatility, ability to act under mild conditions and sometimes enantioselectivity. Nitrilases mediate the hydrolysis of diverse nitriles into carboxylic acids or amides, whereas CHs convert HCN into formamide. As for nitrilases, most of the enzymes studied have been of bacterial origin, except for a few enzymes from fungi, plants and archaea [1]. However, fungi are a rich source of nitrilase genes, as we proved recently [2, 3]. The cyanide hydratases known so far have been also of fungal origin [4]. 88 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 In this work, 12 fungal and 3 bacterial enzymes were expressed in E. coli and tested with a set of various nitriles and KCN. E. coli expressing the selected enzymes transformed nitriles and/or KCN with distinguishable substrate specificities that allowed us to divide them into three groups: arylacetonitrilases, aromatic nitrilases and CHs. In addition, dual activity (either for HCN and nitriles) was discovered in case of the CH. The similarity in substrate specificities of the discovered enzymes mostly corresponded to the degree of identity of their amino acid sequences. As a result, several enzymes potentially useful in biocatalysis were selected for further experiments. The first was the hydrolysis of up to 500 mM (R,S)-mandelonitrile into (R)-mandelic acid (antibiotics and other drugs building block, resolving agent) in a buffer/toluene biphasic system or fed-batch setup. The second was a continuous KCN elimination, which can be applied to waste water bioremediation. Some of the enzymes were considered suitable for structural studies and homology modeling. Acknowledgements COST CM1003 - BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION REACTIONS MECHANISMS AND DESIGN OF NEW CATALYSTS COST CM0701 CASCAT P504/11/0394 (Czech Science Foundation) TA01021368 (Technology Agency of the Czech Republic) References [1] [2] [3] [4] R.N. Thuku et al., J. Appl. Microbiol. 2009, 106, 703–727 O. Kaplan et al., Biotechnol. Lett. 2011, 33, 309-312 A. Petříčková, et al. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2012, 93, 1553-1561 L.J. Basile et al., Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2008, 80, 427-435. SL-139 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing DEVELOPING A HYBRID CONVERSION PROCESS FOR PRODUCING BIOENERGY FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS Zhiyou Wen, Laura Jarboe and Robert Brown Bioeconomy Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011; E-mail: wenz@iastate.edu Producing biofuel and biobased products from lignocellulosic biomass has attracted significant research efforts. Currently, the majority of those efforts are focusing on biological platform, in which biomass is converted into reduced sugars through pretreatments and enzymatic hydrolysis, followed by fermentation of the sugars. Researchers at Iowa State University have been working on a novel hybrid platform as an alternative to the biological platform. i.e., a based thermochemical based fast pyrolysis is used to convert biomass into pyrolytic substrate rich bio-oil, then, a biological process is used to ferment those substrates into biofuel. Compared with biological platform, the hybrid platform is potentially faster, cheaper, and applicable to a wide spectrum of feedstocks. To better utilize the pyrolytic substrates, the bio-oil produced from past pyrolysis was first fractionated into five distinct stage fractions(SF) with distinctive physical and chemical characteristics, and each fraction can be used for different purposes. The stage fraction #1 (SF1), which contains the majority oflevoglucosan, was used as a fermentation substrate for E-coli fermentation producing ethanol, while stage fraction #5 (SF5), which contains the majority of water and acetic acid, was used for heterotrophic microalgal cultivation for lipid production. Currently research focus on mitigating the toxicity of those bio-oil streams though various treatment methods such as activated carbon and alkali treatment, and enhancing the toxicity tolerance of the microorganisms through metabolic evolution. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 89 SL-141 Track: Regenerative Medicine IMPROVING STEM CELL SOFTWARE: TARGETING SELECTINS FOR HOMING AND ENGRAFTMENT OF CELLS IN REGENERATIVE MEDICINE Stephen D. Wolpe, Linda J. Paradiso, Leonard P. Miller, William Jay Treat, Clifford Hendrick, Zhongling Feng, Ewa Carrier and Lynnet Koh America Stem Cell, Inc. San Diego, CA: E-mail: steve.wolpe@gmail.com Cell therapy is an exciting new modality with therapeutic and regenerative potential applicable to a wide variety of indications. While considerable effort is being conducted globally to identify the best cell type for use in different disease states (i.e., the “hardware”), less attention has been paid to optimizing the ability of these cells to home and engraft into affected tissues (i.e., the “software”). America Stem Cell, Inc. has developed a novel, ex vivo treatment of cells (ASC-101) that targets them to selectins. Selectins are carbohydrate-binding cell adhesion molecules constitutively expressed on bone marrow endothelia; they are also up regulated in other tissues under conditions of inflammation, tissue injury or ischemia. As these conditions are present in a variety of diseases, it is possible to use selectin-mediated homing to target cells to the appropriate therapeutic sites in different disease states. ASC-101 is comprised of a fucosyltransferase (FTVI) and its substrate, GDP-fucose. Cells are incubated with ASC-101 for 30 minutes at room temperature, which results in the covalent attachment of fucose to trisaccharide acceptor molecules on cell surface proteins and glycolipids. This completes the synthesis of the tetrasaccharide selectin ligand, sialyl Lewis X (sLeX). Increased cell surface sLeX expression results in greater binding of cells to selectins, allowing for targeting of cells to diseased or injured tissues. ASC-101 is currently in development for a variety of therapeutic interventions. Cord blood Transplantation Umbilical cord blood has a number of advantages for stem cell transplantation but the low number of cells obtainable from cord blood restricts its use to children and small adults. Even in these patients, hematopoietic recovery after cord blood transplant is delayed relative to mobilized adult peripheral blood. Cord blood is under-fucosylated relative to adult cells and preclinical studies support the use of ASC-101 in cord blood transplantation (Xia et al. Blood 104:30916, 2004; Robinson et al. Exp Hematol. 40:445-56, 2012). ASC-101 is currently in Phase I/IIa clinical trials for improvement of dual umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) in adults (E.J. Shpall, MD, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Principal Investigator) and single UCBT in children (C. Bachier, MD and K. Chan, MD, Texas Transplant Institute, Co-Principal Investigators). Diabetic Retinopathy While antibodies such as Lucentis® that target the angiogenic factor VEGF are successfully used to treat the proliferative stage of diabetic retinopathy, there are few treatments for the early, non-proliferative stage. These patients have impaired homing and engraftment of endothelial progenitor cells to microvessels in the retina. Preclinical experiments in a model of diabetic ischemia have shown that this defect can be improved by treatment of CD34+ cells with ASC-101 (Caballero et al, ARVO Poster 5781/A299, 2012). Ischemic Tissue Injury ASC-101 is in preclinical studies for improvement of cell therapy in critical limb ischemia and myocardial infarction. Although there have been promising results of cell therapy in both these indications, a limiting factor is the low numbers of cells that engraft into ischemic tissues. As selectin expression is up regulated in ischemia, treatment of cells with ASC-101 is under investigation for improved homing and retention of cells in ischemic limbs or myocardium. Cell surface fucosylation by ASC-101 therefore is a broad-based, clinical-stage technology for cell therapy that is applicable to a wide variety of cell types and therapies in regenerative medicine. 90 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SL-97 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing BIOMASS PRETREATMENT: IMPORTANCE, LEADING TECHNOLOGIES, ATTRIBUTES, AND NEEDS FOR ADVANCEMENT Charles E. Wyman Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92507,USA; E-mail: cewyman@engr.ucr.edu Biomass is the only sustainable resource that can be converted into organic fuels and chemicals, with the supply of cellulosic biomass being potentially sufficient and at a low enough cost to offer economic viability for large scale production of liquid transportation fuels that our society favors. Biological routes offer high yields and selectivities vital to commercial success, and substantial advances have been made in enzymes and organisms to improve competitiveness. However, most forms of cellulosic biomass must be pretreated to realize favorableyields of sugars and resulting final productsfrom biological conversion. Over the years, a number of biological, chemical, and physical pretreatments have been applied to support downstream operations, but many suffer from cost and performance limitations. There are a few leading candidates that employ chemicals and/or heat to reduce biomass recalcitrance,but they have significantly different impacts on biomass composition. In particular, low to neutral pH pretreatments remove a large portion of the hemicellulose in biomass, high pH technologies remove much more lignin and much less hemicellulose, and ammonia fiber expansion pretreatment appears to remove little of either. Despite these substantial differences in the impact of pretreatment on superficial biomass features, all can realize high yields at moderate to high enzyme loadings. However, enzyme doses and costs present the primary barrier to low cost conversion, and the major pretreatment challenge is to develop new technologies that substantially reduce enzyme loadings while keeping costs low and yields high. This presentation will illustrate how better integration of pretreatment with feedstocks and with biocatalysts and better enzymes can offerimportant synergies. It will also be proposed that devoting more attention tounderstanding pretreatment fundamentals and applying the resulting insights could support development of cost-effective biomass deconstruction technologiesbetter than reliance on continued trial-and-error approaches to overcome biomass recalcitrance. SL-92 Track: Medical Biotechnology POSSIBLE ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVEGUIDES IN A BIOSYSTEM Shengyong Xu and Jiongwei Xue Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. of China; E-mail : xusy@pku.edu.cn We show by simulation that when a sheet of dielectric material is sandwiched between two electrolyte fluids, the threelayer structure becomes an electromagnetic (EM) waveguide. In a biosystem, such as an axon, since the phospholipid bilayer has a uniform thickness and a nearly universal dielectric constant, the combination of a phospholipid bilayer (or the myelin sheath of an axon) with ionic fluids at both sides may possibly form a nature, softmaterial EM waveguide structure. According to Maxwell Equations, a transient ion current passing through ion channels embedded in the phospholipid bilayer membrane generates a pulse of EM wave as a dipolar antenna does. The EM wave pulse can propagate efficiently within the electrolyte-membrane (or myelin sheath)-electrolyte waveguide structure, even the thickness of the membrane of myelin sheath is in the nanoscale to the microscale, therefore it is much faster and energetically more efficient than propagating with the motion of ions. Our calculation shows that, the transmission efficiency of such bio-waveguide structures is remarkable enhanced when the thickness of the membrane increases. The result offers an alternative way to understand the propagation of bio-electrical signals along axons. For instance, it directly explains the "saltatory propagation" mechanism of action potentials observed between neighboring nodes of World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 91 Ranvier in a myelinated axon, which is not clear to date. The result is also consistent with the evolution trend in axons from the unmyelinated to the myelinated. For practical applications, it may lead to new therapies and manmade axons for neural diseases. Keywords: Phospholipid bilayer; softmaterial waveguide; axon; myelin sheath; action potential; node of Ranvier; internode. SL-116 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: biopharmaceuticals discovery (CNS, cancer, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune); vaccines; antibodies; protein engineering OVEREXPRESSION OF CB1 AND CB2 AND ANTI-TUMOR EFFECTS OF AEA IN HUMAN HCC CELLS Xundi Xu, Chengzhi Xie, Guoxing Liu, Yaohui Yang, Jiefeng Liu, Yuansheng Deng, Dianchen Wang, Tao Zhang, Zhao Huang, Fusheng Wang Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, 410011; E-mail: xuxundi@126.com CB1 and CB2 are multifunctional cannabinoid-specific receptors considered to be involved in inhibition of tumor development. CB1 and CB2 expression were analyzed in tumors with immunohistochemistry; in addition, Huh7 cell line was treated with AEA. CB1 and CB2 were overexpressed in 29 (45%) and 33 (52%) of 64 HCC cases respectively. Expression of CB1 and CB2 was significantly correlated with histopathological differentiation (p=0.021 and 0.001, respectively), portal vein invasion (p=0.015 and 0.037, respectively). The cannabinoid agonist anandamide resulted in inhibition of cancer cell growth, G0-G1 arrest, induction of apoptosis and downregulation of CDK4 in human HCC cells. These data suggested that CB1 and CB2 were overexpressed and anandamide shows potential in therapy of human HCC. SL-129 Track: Other Areas A CHITINASE FROM AEROMONAS VERONII WITH THE POTENTIAL TO CONTROL MYXOZOAN DISEASE AND USE AS FEED SUPPLEMENT FOR WARM-WATER AQUACULTURE Yalin Yang, Yuchun Liu, Yuting Zhang, Li Xu and Zhigang Zhou Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China; E-mail: yangyalin@caas.cn Aeromonas veronii strain B565 was isolated from aquaculture pond sediment in China. There are 5 genes encoding chitinases in B565 by Whole-genome sequencing. One of chitinases gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris. ChiB565 had optimally active at pH 5.0 and 50°C and stable between pH 4.5 and 9.0 at ≤ 50°C. After incubation with ChiB565, 38.0 ± 4.8% of the myxospores had damaged shell valves. ChiB565 hydrolyzes shrimpshell chitin, colloidal chitin, powdered chitin, and -1,3-1,4-glucan. A synergistic protein-release effect occurred when ChiB565 and trypsin were incubated with shrimp shells. Tilapia were fed an experimental diet containing 5% (w/w) shrimp bran and 16.2 U kg–1 ChiB565, which significantly improved growth and feed conversion compared with a control diet lacking ChiB565. Dietary ChiB565 enhanced nitrogen digestibility and downregulated intestinal IL-1 expression. The immunologically relevant protective effects of dietary ChiB565 were also observed for 2 to 3 days following exposure to pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila. ChiB565 can be used to control Myxozoa-induced diseases 92 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 and improved tilapia production and health by the enhancement of feed nitrogen digestibility and the probiotic effects of its estimated hydrolysis products. SL-119 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology TGF- REGULATED miRNAs: THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR CARDIAC HYPERTROPHY Xiao Yang Genetic Laboratory of Development and Disease, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; E-mail: yangx@bmi.ac.cn Heart failure (HF) is one of the most frequent causes of death worldwide. The underlying causes of HF are diverse but often relate to cardiac hypertrophy, which is an adaptive enlargement of the myocardium in response to altered stress or injury. The role of TGF- signaling in cardiac hypertrophy has been extremely contradictory due to the complexity of TGF- activation as well as its diverse effects on different type of cells. We have previously showed that targeted deletion of Smad4, the central intracellular mediator of TGF- superfamily signaling, in cardiomyocyte, unexpectedly leads to cardiac hypertrophy, demonstrating that the endogenous cardiomyocyte Smad4-dependent TGF- pathway protects heart from cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Recently, we have revealed that the function of endogenous TGF-/Smad signaling in maintaining cardiac homeostasis involves the downregulation of miRNAs inducing cardiac hypertrophy. We show that TGF-1 inhibits the expression of miR-23a/miR-27a/miR-24-2 and miR-23b/miR-27b/miR-24-1 clusters at the transcriptional level. Transgenic mice with cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of miR-27b exhibit cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction by directly targeting the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- (PPAR- ). Most importantly, in vivo silencing of miR-27b using a specific antagomir or adenovirus expressing anti-sense miR-27b in a pressure-overload-induced mouse model of HF attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction. The function and mechanisms of other miRNAs regulated by TGF-/Smad signaling in cardiac hypertrophy will also be discussed. All these results provide critical genetic evidence showing that TGF- -regulated miRNAs might serve as efficient therapeutic targets for cardiac diseases. SL-66 Track: Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae PRODUCTION OF AN ANTICANCER LEAD COMPOUND FROM MASSIVELY CULTURED DINOPHYSIS ACUMINATA, THE PREDATOR OF A MIXOTROPHIC CILIATE FEEDING ON A CRYPTOMONAD SPECIES Wonho Yih, Jung-Rae Rho, Hyung Seop Kim, Byung Su Hwang, Jong Woo Park Kunsan National University, Department of Oceanography, Kunsan 573-701, Korea; E-mail: ywonho@kunsan.ac.kr Dinophysis acuminata is a harmful marine dinoflagellate species causing diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). Only recently Dinophysis spp. became culturable owing to the discovery of their favorite prey, the ciliate Mesodinium rubrum [1], which in turn had been successfully cultured by offering its unique cryptomonad prey, Teleaulax amphioxeia [2]. High density cultivation of the mixotrophic ciliate M. rubrum (KNU strain MR-MAL01) using an T. amphioxeia strain (KNU CR-MAL01) enabled us to massively cultivate D. acuminata (KNU strain DA-MAL01). Among the several toxins reported from Dinophysis spp. including OA (Okadaic acid), DTXs (dinophysis toxins), PTXs (pectenotoxins), and YTXs (yessotoxins), PTX-2 (pectenotoxin-2) has been well known as an anticancer lead compound that selectively apoptosizes p53 mutant cells. Isolation of sizable amount of PTX-2 was firstly tried by harvesting large World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Session Lectures 93 amount of natural marine sponge species [3]. In some cases, PTX-2 was isolated from the pellets through the large scale pumping and filtering of the natural seawater at Dinophysis bloom sites [4]. Here, we report on our production of 8-11 mg PTX-2 from 500L of cultured Dinophysis. For further scale-up of PTX-2 production system we may definitely need to enhance cell quota of PTX-2 and to build up even higher cell concentration of the Dinophysis cultures. Keywords: anticaner, PTX-2, Dinophysis, strains, mass-culture. References [1] [2] [3] [4] Park, MG et al. (2006) Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 45, 101. Yih, W et al. (2004) Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 36, 165. Kim, GY et al. (2011) Marine Drugs, 9, 2176. Rundberget T, et al. (2007) Toxicon, 50, 960. SL-144 Track: Regenerative Medicine A NEW BIOLOGICAL SCAFFOLD MATERIAL: POROUS TANTALUM Baoyi Liu, Dewei Zhao, Zhenhua Zhao, Xiaowei Wei and Benjie Wang Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China; E-mail: zhaodewei2000@163.com Background: In recent years，porous tantalum as a supporting material has been applied in orthopaedics. But it is still a challenge that porous tantalum becomes biological scaffold material. No paper reported that the porous tantalum can coculture with cells. Objective: To investigate the attachment and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the surface of porous tantalum Method: The purified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells which were separated from dog, seeded on the surface of porous tantalum rod by the cell density of 1.5×106 ml. The cell material complex was observed under phase microscope and electronic scanning microscope in order to evaluate the interaction between cells and porous tantalum rod at 1,3,5,7,10 and 14 days under co-cultured condition. Determinsd cell biological activity. Results: From 7 to 10 days, cells scattered on the surface of tantalum rod, but had no connection between them. When 14 days after co-cultured, cell connected into pieces, and could see that the cells secreted large amounts of collagen fibers. The cells in porous tantalum rod possessed biological activity of BMSCs. Conclusions: BMSCs have good adhesion and growth capability on the surface of tantalum rod, and it indicates that porous tantalum is a good scaffold material for the bone tissue engineering. Keywords: Porous tantalum, bone marrow mese nchymal stem cell, biological scaffold material. SL-104 Track: Plant and Environment: transgenic plants and crops; bioremediation; microbial diversity; bio-monitoring; photosynthetic microorganisms, cyanobacteria and microalgae THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MICROORGANISMS INFECT AGAINST NEMATODES Ke-Qin Zhang Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, China; E-mail: kqzhang111@yahoo.com.cn Studies of bacterial pathogenesis in invertebrate hosts during the past decade have resulted in important insights into the molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis and host defense. Here, we show that the nematophagous bacterium 94 Session Lectures World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Bacillus nematocida B16 lures nematodes to their death by a Trojan horse mechanism (Niu Q et al. PNAS. 2010). The bacterium is capable of releasing a variety of food-like odors (a mixture of VOCs ) and has subverted the nematode olfactory chemotaxis system successfully to attain access to the nematodes. The majority of the VOCs identified in this study are potential products derived from the shikimate pathway where commonly found carbohydrates serve as substrates for the synthesis of aromatic compounds, suggesting that bacteria have adapted a low-cost strategy to generate attractants. In our previous studies, we found that the crude extracellular protease extract showed significant nematotoxic activities, suggesting the involvement of extracellular proteases. Finally, two proteases, Bace16 and Bae16, with remarkable nematotoxic activiety were purified from the crude extracellular protease extract. Our localization experiments and the microinjection statistic experiment demonstrated that the two proteases were localized mainly in the intestine of nematodes, with minor localization on the cuticle, suggesting that the intestinal damage of nematode is the main cause of nematode death. Our study suggests that in natural environments the interactions between pathogenic bacteria and their nematode hosts are not random but involve a series of active events. The Trojan horse mechanism of B. nematocida pathogenesis adds to our understanding of the diverse repertoire of pathogenic mechanisms used by bacteria. The discovery of this pattern of nematode-bacterium interaction could help in the development of new and efficient biocontrol strategies to facilitate ecologically sound and more sustainable management of nematode pests. Except for nematophagous bacteria, nematode-trapping fungi are also natural enemies of nematodes. They are capable of developing specific trapping devices such as adhesive networks, adhesive knobs, and constricting rings to capture nematodes and then extract nutrients from their nematode prey special natural enemies of nematodes. The morphological development of these traps is the key indicator of their switch from saprophytic to predacious lifestyles. Here, we report the genome of the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora Fres. (ATCC 24927) (Yang et al. PloS Pathogens. 2011). The genome contains 40.07 Mb assembled sequence with 11,479 predicted genes. Compared to several sequenced model ascomycete fungi, the A. oligospora genome has a larger number of pathogenicity-related genes in the subtilisin, cellulase, pectinesterase, and pectate lyase gene families, a result consistent with the expansion of these gene families in A. oligospora. Based on the combined genomic, proteomic and RT-PCR data, we propose a model for the formation of nematode trapping device in this fungus. In this model, multiple fungal signal transduction pathways are activated by its nematode prey to further regulate downstream genes associated with diverse cellular processes such as energy metabolism, biosynthesis of the cell wall and adhesive proteins, cell division, glycerol accumulation and peroxisome biogenesis. Our results provide the first glimpse into the genome of a carnivorous fungus. The data here should facilitate future investigations into the molecular mechanisms of nematode infection and the transition between saprophytic and predacious lifestyles in this and other nematode-trapping fungi, ultimately leading to our enhanced ability to manipulate the biocontrol potential of these fungi. Keywords: Bacillus nematocida, Trojan horse, Nematodetrapping fungi, Trapping devices. POSTERS World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 95 PO-97 Track: Plant and Environment FOOD POTENTIAL AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF ENDENGERED HORTICULTURAL BIODIVERSITY OF WEST AND CENTRAL AFRICA B.A. Adelaja and A.O. Olufolaji Fruits, Spices and Value Addition Department, National Horticultural Research Institute, P.M.B. 5432, Ibadan, Nigeria; E-mail: babmol@yahoo.com The forests of West and Central Africa are rich in horticultural biodiversity useful as food, medicine, culinary products, browse, fuel, building materials, etc. These spices have been exploited over the years by man for various purposes without much effort in the study of their reproduction physiology, production techniques, storage and utilization and are thus facing threats of genetic erosion through uncontrolled human exploitation. Agriculture continues to remain a major driver of economic growth and employs over 75% of the labour force in West and Central Africa whereas the global recession, rising unemployment and the ravaging food crisis pose tremendous challenges for the Africa continent hence the need for in-depth study of the food value, nutritional quality and increased as well as develop production technologies of these endangered horticultural species. This paper presents the food potential of the following fruits namely: (Chrysophyllum albidum) (Anacardaceae), Artocarpus alilis) (Moraceae); Tetracarpidium conophorum (Euphorbiaceae); Treculia africana (Moraceae); Irvingia gabonensis (Irvingiaceae); Irvingia wombulu (Irvingiaceae); Blighia senegaensis (Sapindaceae); Dialium guineense (Legummosae Cesalpinioideae); Spondias mombin (Annonaceae); Dacryodes edulis (Annonaceae); Vegetable such as (Vernonia amygdalina) (Asteraceae) Hibiscus sabdariffa (Malvaceae); Telfairia occidentalis (Curcubitaceae) Gnetum africanum (Gnetaceae); Solanum macrocarpon (Solanaceae); Adasonia digitata (Malvaceae); Celosia trigentea (Amaranthaceae); Celosia argentea (Amarathaceae); Crassocephalon rubens; Xylopia aethiopicum (Annonaceae); Mimosaceae); Munodoria myristica (Annonaceae); Piper guineense (Piperaceae); Dioclea reflexa (Papillionaceae); Parinari curatellifolia (Rosaceae) Aframomum melegueta (Zingiberaceae); Ocimum basilicum (Labiateae). The geographical distribution, seasonal production, yield, utilization, processing techniques, storage, preservation and marketing of these endangered horticultural biodiversity of West and Central Africa are presented are discussed. Also appropriate biotechnological options for genetic conservation and crop improvement, increased production and enhanced utilization of these very important gene pool are proposed and discussed. PO-41 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing USE OF A METALLOPROTEASE GENE (APRX) AS A MARKER TO IDENTIFY PSEUDOMONAS SP. CONTAMINATION IN A DAIRY PLANT W. R. Pinto Junior, E. M. Del Aguila, J. T. Silva, A. Rosenthal and V. M. F. Paschoalin Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Email: eduardomere@hotmail.com To prevent bacterial deterioration of dairy products, a rapid test for detection of Pseudomonas sp. strains high in proteolytic activity in milk is useful. Protease digestion of milk can lead to clotting and gelation of milk casein. A conventional plate-counting procedure to detect psychrotrophic contamination in milk products is time-consuming and not useful to prevent food degradation. The aprX gene encoding an alkaline metalloprotease is considered the responsible agent for milk spoilage. PCR methods targeting for this sequence can accelerate the detection process. To identify Pseudomonas sp. isolates able to express and produce the aprX enzyme, 15 strains collected from a dairy plant were analyzed after culturing in specific Pseudomonas medium. DNA sequencing of 16S rDNA and aprX regions was performed, and two genus Pseudomonas sp. (P. chlororaphis, P. panacis, P. japonica, P. fluorescens) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were identified and isolated from four surfaces in the cheese-processing plant 96 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 (refrigerated milk storage tank before and after cleaning, cheese-processing equipment, and cheese-making mold). This study revealed several Pseudomonas species able to colonize a dairy plant and with the potential to degrade and spoil food substances with a high protein content. Keywords: aprx gene, pseudomonas, milk. PO-42 Track: Other areas PRODUCTION OF A 6kDa ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE DERIVED FROM BAKER'S YEAST F. lago, S. Secchi, P. R. Pereira, E. M. Del Aguila, J. T. Silva and V. M. F. Paschoalin Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-mail: eduardomere@hotmail.com Food borne illness is a general term often used to describe a disease or illness caused by eating contaminated foods. Currently, there is great debate about the most appropriate methods for preserving food in order to avoid microbial contamination. Some microorganisms, such as yeasts, produce antimicrobial peptides (AMP), which are important components of the natural defenses of most living organisms against invading pathogens. Those molecules are characterized by the composition, charge and size of amino acids, which allow them to alter the membrane bilayers of the microorganisms, inhibiting or slowing their growth. The aim of this study was to obtain antimicrobial peptides from baker's yeast, a GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) status organism, for use as an additive for food preservation. Yeast cells were exposed to hypotonic and heat-shock treatments. The cell-free extract was filtered through a 0.22-µm membrane and fractionated on a gel filtration column using fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). A resulting 6kDa peptide was purified, and exhibited antimicrobial activity at the concentration of 15 ppm against several foodborne pathogens, including Escherichia coli and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Keywords: Yeast, antimicrobial activity, peptide. PO-26 Track: Plant and Environment EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON WITHAFERIN A PRODUCTION IN SUSPENSION CULTURES OF W. SOMNIFERA S. Ahlawat, P. Saxena and M. Z. Abdin Centre for Transgenic Plant Development, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; E-mail: seema.dahiya.ahlawat@gmail.com Withania somnifera, commonly known as Ashwagandha, is an important medicinal plant that has been used in Ayurvedic and indigenous medicine for over 3,000 years. In view of its varied therapeutic potential, it has also been the subject of considerable modern scientific attention. The major chemical constituents of the Withania genus, the withanolides, are a group of naturally occurring C28-steroidal lactone triterpenoids built on an intact or rearranged ergostane framework, in which C-22 and C-26 are appropriately oxidized to form a six-membered lactone ring. The commercial cultivation of Withania somnifera has two major problems. The first problem is plant to plant variation in quality and quantity of active constiturents and the second is the long gestation period (4-5 years) between planting and harvesting. To enhance the commercial prospects for the production of withaferin A, an alternative choice could be the use of plant cell cultures. Cell suspension cultures of Withania somnifera were established in shake flasks and the effect of different factors like light, media:flask volume ratio and shear stress effects were determined for the production of withaferin A. The optimized conditions for biomass accumulation and withaferin A production were found to be 0.15 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 97 (media:flask volume ratio), complete dark conditions (Illumination conditions) and 100 rpm. The results of present study are useful for scale-up process. PO-75 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO ANTICANCER EVALUATION OF STEARIC ACID BASED ESTER CONJUGATE Azmat A. Khan, Amer M. Alanazi, Mumtaz Jabeen and Arun Chauhan Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Saud University, SA; E-mail: amalanazi@ksu.edu.sa Stearic acid, a dietary long chain saturated fatty acid, has been known to inhibit breast cancer cell neoplastic progression. In this study, a lipophilic ester conjugate propofol stearate, was chemically designed by esterification of the terminal carboxyl group of stearic acid to the hydroxyl group of diisopropylphenol (propofol). We investigated the anticancer efficacy of the synthesized ester on breast cancer cell inhibition in vitro. The effects of propofol stearate were examined on human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-361, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231. Consequently, we found that the propofol stearate treatment significantly inhibited growth of breast cancer cells in a concentration dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of the conjugate on cell proliferation was most pronounced in MDA-MB-231 cells. Treatment of MDAMB-231 cancer cells to propofol stearate potentially suppressed their adhesion and migration and induced apoptosis. At 25 μM concentrations, stearic acid or propofol only had minimal effect on cell adhesion, cell migration and the induction of apoptosis (only 2-4% of the cells became apoptotic). In contrast, propofol stearate conjugate significantly inhibited cell adhesion (~34%) and migration (~41%) and induced apoptosis (~25%) in breast cancer cells. Collectively, the results suggest that exogenously supplied stearic acid as an ester derivative inhibits the growth of human breast cancer cells and shows a beneficial role in the treatment of breast cancer, in vitro. Keywords: Ester conjugate, fatty acid, cytotoxicity, anticancer, cancer cell lines. PO-81 Track: Plant & Environment EVALUATION OF GREEN SYNTHESIS OF AG NANOPARTICLES USING ERUCA SATIVA AND SPINACIA OLERACEA LEAF EXTRACTS AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY Ibrahim Abdullah Alaraidh, M. M. Ibrahim and G. A. El-Gaely King Saud University, amalanazi@ksu.edu.sa Science College, Botany and Microbiology department, Riyad, KSA; E-mail: Eruca sativa and Spinacia oleracea plants were used to evaluate their extra cellular potential synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their bactericidal impact on Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Aqueous solutions of AgNO3 are mixed with plant extracts. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to characterize the morphology of the nanoparticles obtained from plant extracts. Analysis through Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer confirmed the presence of elemental signal of the silver and homogenous distribution of silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles show efficient bactericidal properties against human pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Our work showed a fast, eco-friendly and convenient method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Eruca sativa and Spinacia oleracea leaf extract and can be used in pharmaceutical and other biomedical applications. 98 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-60 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology INFLUENCE OF TiO2 ON PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS PRODUCTION IN HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS Bahar Aliakbarian, Mattia Comotto, Alessandro A. Casazza, Maurizio Ferretti and Patrizia Perego Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Italy; E-mail: bahar.aliakbarian@unige.it Under stress condition, the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis greatly increases the antioxidant content, especially astaxanthin. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of two different kinds of titanium dioxide (anatase and 15% Nitrogen-doped anatase) on the growth of H. pluvialis and on the production of phenolic compounds. Both structures were obtained by sol-gel synthesis. Microalga has been grown in Erlenmeyer flasks at 25 °C under a continuous photon flux density (70 µE/m2s). The concentration of TiO2 was 0.1 g/L medium. Addition of TiO2 caused a biomass concentration decrease of 7 and 11% with Nitrogen-doped anatase and anatase, respectively. Regarding to the production of added value compounds, in the extracellular matrix opposite results were obtained: anatase increased the phenolic content of 18 % while Nitrogendoped anatase caused a decrease of 31% (from 2.2 to 2.6 and 1.5 mg Caffeic Acid Equivalent/Lmedium), respectively. In dry microalga cells the phenolic content (1.9 mg Caffeic Acid Equivalent/g Dry Biomass) decreased of 15% with anatase meanwhile it increased of 158% with Nitrogen-doped anatase. This study shows that the presence of TiO2 during the growth slightly affected the final concentration of H. pluvialis, but lead to a significant influence on the phenolic compounds production in microalga cells. Keywords: Microalgae, Polyphenols, TiO2, Antioxidants. PO-86 Track: Plant and Environment CLEAN TECHNOLOGY OF WHEAT CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS CULTIVATION IN AREAS WITH SOILS R.A. Alybayeva, S.S. Kenzhebayeva and S.D. Atabayeva Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Kazakhstan; E-mail: raya_aa@mail.ru The aim of this study was to identify wheat germplasm resistant to heavy metals (lead, copper, zinc and cadmium), which are important to eastern Kazakhstan region and identification of donors for breeding and promising forms of wheat that are resistance to heavy metals and destined for agricultural production. Different genotypes of winter wheat, the world''s collection (Kazakh, Russian, a collection of CIMMYT cultivars and lines of winter wheat, wild species of wheat) were studied. Field studies carried out for the determination of physiological parameters. Heavy metals in soil and plant samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Genotypic differences in the accumulation of copper, lead, cadmium and zinc were established. The smallest number of studied heavy metals accumulates in the seeds of varieties of winter wheat Mironovskaya-808 and Krasnovodopadskaya-25. The highest yield from plots has winter wheat Mironovskaya-808. A crop yield of plants is connected with their ability to quickly enter to the tillering stage, successfully overwinter, preserve during the summer vegetation. Variety of winter wheat Mironovskaya-808 can be recommended for cultivation in the technologically disadvantaged regions, with soil contamination by heavy metals, as they accumulate not much heavy metals, they have good indicators of development, overwintering, yield. Keywords: Physiological parameters, promising varieties, resistance to heavy metals, wheat genotypes. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 99 PO-65 Track: Other areas EVALUATION OF THE ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF AN AQUEOUS EXTRACT FROM L. DIVARICATA ON A MURINE LYMPHOCITIC LEUKAEMIA CELL LINE: BIOGUIDED FRACTIONATION AND STABILITY STUDY DURING SIMULATED DIGESTIVE PROCESS. Renzo Martino, Valeria Sulsen, Rosario Alonso and Claudia Anesini IQUIMEFA-UBA-CONICET and Pharmacognosy Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Buenos Aires University, Argentina, E-mail: canesini@yahoo.com.ar Leukemia and lymphoma are a group of heterogeneous neoplastic disorder of white blood cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in modulation of proliferation/death balance in cells. Conventional medicine can be inefficient or also results in side effects. Larrea divaricata Cav is a plant widely distributed in Argentina that possesses antiproliferative and antioxidant activities reported. The aim of this work was to do a bioguided fractionation of the aqueous extract (Aq) of the plant to obtain the most active fraction, for the inhibition of a murine lymphocitic leukaemia cell line (EL-4) proliferation by MTT assay, to analyze the mechanism of action in relation to ROS (spectroscopic assays), to identify the active compounds and to establish Aq stability in simulated gastric and intestinal digestive medium by HPLC. The ethyl acetate fraction (EA) was the most antiproliferative fraction (EC50: 15.4 ± 1 µg/ml), decreased cell viability inducing late apoptosis. EA increased hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide, decreased superoxide anion, catalase, Peroxidase and superoxide dismutase cell activities. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid and quercetin-3methyl ether were identified as majority compounds which exerted a synergistic effect. In conclusion, Aq was optimal for oral administration, suggesting that AE could be a potential therapy for lymphoma and leukemia treatment. PO-11 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing ASSISTED BY LIGNINOLYTIC AND CELLULOLYTIC CELLULOSE NANOFIBERS FROM PLANT BIOMASS ENZYMES RELEASING OF Alicja Kaczmarek, Łukasz Stańczyk, Arkadiusz Bloda, Janusz Kazimierczak, Radosław Wąchała, Milena Stępczynska, Tomasz Ramięga, Danuta Ciechańska and Tadeusz Antczak Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Technical University of Lodz, Stefanowskiego 4/10 Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland; Email: tadeusz.antczak@p.lodz.pl Selected waste lignocellulosic materials can be used to fabricate cellulose nanofibers with defined structural parameters that in turn can be applied to modify polymer materials and manufacture functional composites. Natural fibers of cellulose, for which at least one of dimensions is up to 100 nm, display properties of both macroscopic substances and specific features of nanomaterials (e.g. cause stronger interactions with other substances and binding of various nanomolecules). Furthermore, nanocellulose matrices contain nanopores while nanocellulose suspensions or the polymer contained in nanocomposites is transparent [1,2]. The objective of presented project is the development of chemo-enzymatic procedure of cellulose nanoparticles obtaining from selected waste plant biomass (e.g. flax and hemp straw). Enzymatic tools for this purpose have been developed in ITB TUL. They are based on multienzyme preparations containing cellulases, hemicellulases and pectinases [3-5] in proportions adjusted to a particular biomass and on ligninolytic enzymes making easier the access to cellulose fibers. The latter enzymes have been found in microbial pure 100 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 culture collections and various ecosystems (including waste plant biomass: wheat, oat, and hemp straws – potential sources of cellulose nanofibers). Keywords: plant biomass, cellulose nanofibers, ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymes. The poster presents results of the studies focused on: (a) Multi-step screening of ligninolytic enzymes (laccase, lignin peroxidase and Mn-peroxidase) and mathematical optimization of their biosynthesis conditions by fungal strains Trichoderma QM9123, Alternaria AK0911, and Phanerochaete AK1211 (medium components, time, pH, inductors of these enzymes biosynthesis). (b) Work out the most appropriate composition of multienzyme preparation containing endo-1,4-beta-glucanase, endo1,4-beta-xylanase and pectinases applicable to releasing of nanofibers from lignocellulosic biomass. (3) Selection of conditions of cellulose micro- and nanofibers obtaining by using chemo-physical-enzymatic method (soaking, grinding and treatment by ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymes preparations). The study was realized within the scope of the project POIG 01.01.02-10-123/09 ”Application of biomass in production of environmentally friendly polymer materials” – task PZ 2.1., co-financed from the funds of European Fund of Regional Development within the frames of Operation Program Innovative Economy 2007-2013. References [1] Cheng Q., et al.: Cellulose, 2007, 14, 593 – 602 [2] Abrahama E., et al.: Carbohydrate Polymers 2011, 86, 1468 – 1475 [3] Pyc R., Antczak T., Bratkowska H : Patent No 209161 (Poland), 2011 [4] Pyc R., Antczak T., Bratkowska H : Patent No 209163 (Poland), 2011 [5] Szczesna-Antczak M., Kazimierczak J, Antczak T, Fibres Text. East. Eur. 20, 2012, 8-12. PO-47 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing SYNTHETIC HYDROTALCITE CATALYZED METHANOLYSIS OF WASTE VEGETABLE OIL TO BIODIESEL: AN OPTIMIZATION STUDY USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY E. F. Aransiola, T. F. Madzimbamuto, O. O. Oyekola, D. I. O. Ikhu-Omoregbe and T. V. Ojumu Chemical Engineering Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 8000, South Africa; E-mail: aransiola4@yahoo.com Biodiesel is gaining its importance as an alternative to fossil fuel in recent times, but its production is being challenged by choice of feedstock and type of catalyst used. This study investigated the use of sodium based Mg-Al hydrotalcite catalyst for biodiesel production. This synthesized catalyst could as well be found occurring naturally. Waste vegetable oil having 9% free fatty acid was used as the feedstock. The optimization study was carried out by using a central composite response surface methodology. The catalyst is a bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst having both acidic and basic sites. This was characterized using XRD, XRF and SEM. Eighteen runs involving four centre and six star points were carried out for the optimization study. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, oil to methanol ratio and catalyst weight were factored in this study. The yield was estimated using gas chromatograph. A high biodiesel yield of 92.22% was obtained at reaction temperature, reaction time, oil to methanol ratio and catalyst weight of 70.07 oC, 4h, 1:16.88 and 10 wt% respectively. This study revealed that employing natural resources and wastes, which are readily available, are potential alternative raw materials for biodiesel production. Keywords: Biodiesel, hydrotalcite catalyst, waste vegetable oil, response surface methodology. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 101 PO-30 Track: Plant and Environment ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF COPPER- RESISTANT BACTERIA FROM MINING WASTES I.R. Avanzi, L.H. Gracioso, M.P.G. Baltazar, L.J. Gimenes, C.A.O. Nascimento and E.A. Perpetuo Center for Environmental Research and Training, CEPEMA-POLI-USP, São Paulo State, Brazil; E-mail: avanzi@usp.br Copper is one of the most widely used heavy metals, but its presence in aquatic environments cause severe damage to aquatic life. Therefore, much attention has been paid to the removal of metal ions by microorganisms due to its potential applications in environmental protection and recovery of toxic or strategic heavy metals. This study investigates the bioprospection of natural selected copper-resistant organisms from a copper mining located in Pará, Brazil, for future bioremediation purposes. Copperresistant organisms were isolated from mining wastes by culture enrichment technique. The isolates were inoculated into MJSmedium+ chloride-copper (1 until 10mM) and incubated for 72h at 30ºC with orbital shaking (200rpm). Bacterial grown was determined by measuring absorbance at 600 nm by using spectrophotometer. Residual of biosorped copper was determined by using an ICP-OES. The identification of 19 bacterial strains was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and the identities had been compared with BLAST. The resistance to heavy metals detected in these strains indicates its potential for bioremediation and/or recovery of copper. This new technology is extremely important due to low cost either for decontamination or for concentration of metals for subsequent reuse. Besides the environmental benefit the project also has an economic benefit. PO-68 Track: Other Areas HIGH THROUGHPUT INJECTION SYSTEM FOR ZEBRAFISH FERTILIZED EGGS Eriko Avsar-Ban, Masaru Obata, Kosei Hashimoto, Masatoshi Hashimoto, and Yutaka Tamaru. Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Japan; E-mail: avsar@bio.mie-u.ac.jp Zebrafish is widely used around the world as an animal model for not only basic researches such as vertebrate development, but also applied researches to several human diseases. Therefore, we have been developing potentialities of zebrafish to the host-vector system that we have so far been focusing on the availability of expressing foreign genes in zebrafish embryos and have developed the microinjection technologies for a large number of fertilized eggs. Using this foreign gene expressing technology, we succeeded to express a type II membrane-associated protein, human POMGnT1 (protein O-linked mannose -1, 2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1) which is catalyzing the transfer of GlcNAc to protein and is responsible for muscle-eye-brain disease, could be expressed and retained its enzymatic activity in zebrafish embryos. Now we are carrying out the research and development of zebrafish expression vectors to raise the expression efficiency. In this presentation, we will show our methodology and the progress to date, and especially introduce the application of zebrafish expression system with the high-throughput injection machine. Acknowledgement The research was supported by the Development of Systems and Technology for Advanced Measurement and Analysis, Japan Science and Technology Agency (SENTAN-JST). 102 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-109 Track: Regenerative Medicine PLASMA POLYMER FUNCTIONALIZATION OF POLYLACTIDE STABILIZED CALCIUM PHOSPHATE SCAFFOLDS ENHANCES COLONIZATION BY OSTEOBLASTS Claudia Bergemann, M. Cornelsen, T. Laube, B. Finke, A. Quade, V. Weissmann, H. Seitz, M. Schnabelrauch and B. Nebe University Medical Center Rostock, Germany; E-mail: claudia.bergemann@med.uni-rostock.de Synthetic materials as bone substitutes are permanently under development for applications in orthopedic and trauma surgery. A bone graft material should possess sufficient porosity and permeability to allow integration and vascular invasion within the native tissue. Rapid prototyping and especially three dimensional (3D) printing methods are used successfully to realize 3D bone-alike structures made of calcium phosphates (CaP). One interesting approach to reduce the brittleness of CaP ceramics is the infiltration by polymers. We used the 3D printing method to produce porous scaffolds from ß-tri-calciumphosphate (TCP). The compressive strength of the TCP scaffolds could be increased significantly by infiltration with polylactic acid (PLA). Because PLA usually impeded cell adhesion we activated the composite surface by plasma polymerized allylamine. We developed a 3D cell culture model with four levels for the observation of cell migration inside the porous scaffold. Of particular interest is the cell colonization towards the center. Human MG-63 osteoblasts (ATCC) were seeded on the uppermost level and cell ingrowth was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Osteoblasts initial adhesion and the occupation of the scaffold by cells toward the center were significantly improved on plasma polymer activated TCP/PLA composite scaffolds, which could be a precondition for an enhanced bone tissue ingrowth after implantation. Keywords: 3D composite scaffolds, ß-tricalcium phosphate, polymer, plasma technology, human bone cells, in vitro analysis, perfusion bioreactor. PO-5 Track: Plant & Environment CULTURE STRATEGIES FOR HIGH CELL DENSITY CULTIVATION OF A PSEUDOMONAD BIOINOCULANT FOR INCREASED WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY M.V.R.K. Sarma, Ashwani Gautam, Vikram Sahai and Virendra S. Bisaria Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India; Email: vsbisaria@hotmail.com To develop sustainable, low-input but highly productive agricultural practices for better management of soil resources, a suitable biofertilizer technology is required to facilitate product delivery to enhance crop productivity. Fluorescent pseudomonad strain R81 is a root colonizing rhizobacterium which has a growth- promoting effect on many plants. The PGPR produced a hydroxamate-type siderophore that chelates iron and makes it available to the plant roots and 2, 4diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG), an antibiotic that suppresses fungal pathogens. The purpose of the work was to develop suitable culture strategies which can be easily applied at an industrial scale. A simple batch and a more productive fedbatch culture strategy were developed for mass production of the pseudomonad. Compared to batch culture which produced viable cell counts of the order of 5.0 x 109 cfu/ml, the fed-batch culture using pH-based signals produced very high 2.7 x 1011cfu/ml. The effectiveness of the application of the PGPR formulation has been demonstrated for wheat (Triticum aestivum) crop. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 103 PO-112 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology CONSTRUCTION, EXPRESSION AND BINDING SPECIFICITY OF BISPECIFIC CD3 X VEGFR-2 ANTIBODIES IN THE SINGLE CHAIN AND DIABODY FORMAT Anke Kopacek, Thomas Böldicke, Sarah Lergenmüller, Frank Berthold, Markus Jensen, Peter P. Müller and Ludger Grosse-Hovest Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Braunschweig, Germany; Email: thomas.boeldicke@helmholtz-hzi.de Bispecific antibodies are promising molecules for the treatment of cancer by activating and crosslinking cytotoxic Tcells to tumor cells and thereby induce tumor cell death. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) is expressed on cancer cells and non-tumorigenic cells such as vascular endothelial cells. The ligand of VEGFR-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), directly stimulates cancer cell mitosis and additionally, indirectly supports tumor growth by stimulating blood vessel sprouting to enhance tumor oxygenation and nutrient supply. We constructed bispecific CD3 x VEGFR-2 antibodies in the single chain and diabody format and studied their expression in bacteria and mammalian cells and the binding to both antigens. Both constructs could be expressed in E. coli and BHK/murine myeloma cells. Specific binding of both recombinant antibody formats to CD3 expressing Jurkat cells and human VEGFR-2-transfected porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAE/VEGFR-2 cells) could be demonstrated. In addition preliminary results showed target cell-specific cytotoxicity against VEGFR-2+ PAE cells. Therefore, these molecules appear promising for further evaluation in cell culture cytotoxicity assays and in appropriate mouse tumor models. PO-31 Track: Other Areas CENTRIN 2 PHOSPHORYLATION CONTROLS ITS SUBCELLULAR LOCALISATION Rose Boutros, Swetha Perera, Chin Wong, Boris Sarcevic, Brian Gabrielli, Phillip Robinson and Megan Chircop Cell Cycle Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; E-mail: rboutros@cmri.org.au The centrosome is the primary microtubule organising centre of cells, forming interphase microtubules and the bipolar spindle during mitosis. Abnormal centrosomes or centrosome numbers develop into dysfunctional mitotic spindles with consequent errors in chromosome separation. There is increasing evidence that the centrosome plays an additional role in the response to DNA damage. Many centrosome proteins shuttle between the centrosome and nucleus, including centrin2, which is important for both centrosome assembly and DNA repair. We identified a consensus CDK motif and minimal cyclin binding sequence in centrin2 and aimed to determine whether centrin2 is a novel CDK substrate in centrosome assembly or DNA repair. Overexpression of GFP-centrin2 phospho-deficient (A) and phospho-mimetic (D) mutants had no effect on the centrosomal localisation of centrin2 or centrosome function. However, centrin2 nuclear/ cytoplasmic localisation was dramatically affected. The phospho-deficient centrin2 was targeted to the nucleus while the phospho-mimetic form was predominantly cytoplasmic. We identified a functional nuclear localisation sequence (NLS) and a bifunctional motif in centrin2 which controls crm1-mediated nuclear export and cyclin binding. Our results demonstrate that CDK-mediated phosphorylation of centrin2 in addition to nuclear import/ export mechanisms regulate its subcellular localisation. These finding have important implications for the role of centrin2 in the response to DNA damage. Keywords: Cancer, cell cycle, centrosome, CDK-cyclins, centrin, nulear trafficking, DNA repair. 104 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-6 Track: Medical Biotechnology OVEREXPRESSION OF CYCLOPHILINS IN THE UNICELLULAR PARASITE TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI: A TOOL FOR PROTEIN FUNCTION ANALYSIS Alina E. Perrone, Patricia L. Bustos, Maria de los Milagros Cámara, Gabriela A. García and Jacqueline Búa Instituto Nacional de Parasitolgía “Dr. M. Fatala Chaben” A.N.L.I.S.- C.G. Malbrán, and CAECIHS, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Buenos Aires, Argentina; E-mail: jacbua@yahoo.com Cyclophilins (CyPs) are enzymes involved in protein folding and are target of Cyclosporin A. We have previously described and biochemically characterized the cyclophilin gene family in Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, of health importance in Latin America. T. cruzi expresses two cyclophilins TcCyP19 and TcCyP21, which are homologues to the mammal cytosolic CyPA, involved in many interesting pathways and the mitochondrial CyPD, involved in programmed cell death events. To further elucidate the functions of TcCyP19 and TcCyP21 parasite cyclophilins, their genes were cloned in the vector pTEXOmni-GFP, and T. cruzi parasites were transfected with each construction. A significant decrease of infected cells were observed in vitro with transfected parasites overexpressing the cytosolic and secreted TcCyP19 cyclophilin. Overexpression of the mitochondrial TcCyP21 allowed us to assess its role in oxidative stress stimulation with 5mM H2O2, and observed significant differences in programmed cell death features, as mitochondrial membrane potential decrease and an increment in TUNNEL positive parasites, among others. A pre-incubation of parasites with 1mM Cyclosporin A inhibited the T. cruzi cyclophilins, and reverted the TcCyP19 action in parasite cell invasion and TcCyP21 role in the programmed cell death features observed. Acknowledgement This work was supported by Grant D43TW007888 from Fogarty International Center, NIH, USA, INP - ANLIS Malbrán, CONICET and CAECIHS, UAI, Buenos Aires, Argentina. PO-10 Track: Plant and Environment INFLUENCE OF UV STRESS ON LIPID CONTENT AND PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS CONCENTRATION OF ARTHROSPIRA PLATENSIS Alessandro A. Casazza, Bahar Aliakbarian, Marco Paini, Attilio Converti and Patrizia Perego Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Italy; E-mail: alessandro.casazza@unige.it Phenolic compounds found in Arthrospira platensis has been considered as a source of antioxidant with several therapeutic properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of growth conditions on chemical composition and added value compounds production from A. platensis. To such a purpose, the cyanobacterium has been grown in a tubular photobioreactor for 8 days. UV light was exposed after this period for one, two and three days (3 h/day) and lipid and poliphenol contents were measured. UV stress did not influence the final concentration of the biomass which resulted to be 4.8 g/L. While the lipid content increased 95, 168 and 261% when UV was used for 3, 6 and 9 hours, respectively. Total polyphenols extracted from dry cyanobacterium increased from 5.8 to 15.7 mg/g after three days in control tests. Compared to the control growth, stressed caused by UV exposure for 3, 6 and 9 hours resulted to decrease total polyphenol concentration of 32, 27 and 24%, respectively. The results of this study confirm that UV exposure during the growth of A. platensis can be employed as a crucial operative parameter which positively influenced the lipid contents while decreasing the phenolic concentration. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 105 Keywords: Arthrospira platensis, lipids, UV stress, polyphenols. PO-18 Track: Plant and Environment EFFICIENCY OF THE EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE EMULSIFIER PRODUCED BY WILD-TYPE AND MUTANT STRAIN OF RHIZOBIUM TROPICI Tereza Cristina Luque Castellane, Manoel Victor Franco Lemos and Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos Technology department, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Brazil; E-mail: teluque@yahoo.com.br Bioremediation, a strategy mediated by microorganisms, is a promising way used in the degradation or removal of organic contaminants from soil or aquatic system. Exopolysaccharide (EPS) which was produced by a variety of Gramnegative bacteria has been demonstrated to be a potential bioemulsifier used in the degradation of hydrocarbons. In the present work, to obtain microorganisms with highly mucoid appearances, Rhizobium tropici mutants that produced high levels of EPS compared to the wild-type strain of R. tropici SEMIA 4080 were obtained by transposon Tn5 insertion into the bacterial genome. Based on HPLC, the EPS were found to be heteropolymer, which can serve as bioemulsifier such as emulsan, which forms and stabilizes oil-water emulsions with a variety of hydrophobic substrates. A high emulsifying activity value, approximately around 77%, was obtained using sunflower oil with solutions of 5 mg mL-1 EPS from wild-type strain. In addition, the emulsification index (E24) value of the solutions of EPS from different rhizobial type strains increased with the increase in EPS concentration, and the lowest E24 values were obtained with toluene. Keywords: Emulsification, Exopolysaccharide, Root nodulating bacteria, Bioremediation, Sunflower oil. PO-19 Track: Plant and Environment EMULSIFYING ACTIVITY OF BRADYRHIZOBIUM ELKANII SEMIA 587 WILD-TYPE AND MUTANT STRAINS Érica Mendes Lopes, Tereza Cristina Luque Castellane, Jackson Antônio Marcondes de Souza and Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos Technology department, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Brazil; Email: teluque@yahoo.com.br The strain SEMIA 587 of Bradyrhizobium elkanii is recommended as an efficient soybean inoculant. The exopolysaccharide can act as bioemulsifier emulsan-like which forms and stabilizes oil-water emulsions from a variety of hydrophobic substrates. Assessment for bioemulsifier from B. elkanii broth was based on the cell-free aliquots transferred to test tubes and added with 6 mL commercial soybean oil. Then, the mixture was homogenized for 2 minutes. After 24, 48, 72, and 96 h the emulsification index was measured and noted as E24, E48, E72 and E96, respectively. Bioemulsifier production was partially associated with culture growth and the highest emulsifying activity value (E24 = 88.6%) has been observed with vegetable oil and mutant MUT24 strain in rhizobia defined medium (RDM), and when cultivated in PSY medium has reported values of 72.3%. This last value was the same reported by another condition based on the MUT31 in RDM medium (72.3%). The wild type strain SEMIA 587 has not showed good stability for emulsifying activity along 96 h, presenting values as E24 = 65.2, E48 = 53.3, E72 = 37.8, and E96 = 26.7 %. However, more research is still needed to improve biological and engineering levels related to production process. 106 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Keywords: Bioemulsifier; exopolysaccharide; emulsification index; rhizobia. PO-92 Track: Medical Biotechnology A NEW GENOMIC SIGNATURE ALGORITHM BASED ON DNA WORD Woo-Chan Kim and Dong-Ho Cho Dept. of EE, KAIST, Korea; E-mail: dhcho@kaist.ac.kr The genomic signature of each organism is characteristic because it is based on the genomic sequence of the species, which reflects the phenotype of the species in question. In particular, genomic signatures based on DNA words that are DNA subsequences of a fixed length might be expected to enable effective identification of genomes. Although many types of genomic signatures have been described, it is difficult to assess their effectiveness for the identification of a given genome because there are no standard means of measurement. A statistical or mathematical evaluation of genomic signatures is required that can be used to identify and compare genomes. Herein, we have investigated the use of genomic signatures for the accurate identification of genomes. We have considered five different types of genomic signatures, namely GC(Guanine-Cytosine) content, CGR(Chaos Game Representation), OED(Ordered vertex-based Edge Deletion), CGRO(CGR Order), and OEDO(OED Order). The GC content, CGR, and OED genomic signatures are the representative conventional methods, whereas the CGRO and OEDO genomic signatures are the proposed methods. Our proposed CGRO and OEDO genomic signatures were based on DNA words because DNA word-based genomic signatures are simple but powerful tools for genome identification. In particular, we used only the order of each nucleotide base without considering its content. To evaluate the performance of five types of genomic signature, we analyzed 100 bacterial genomic data sets from 10 groups of bacteria. We presented two phylogenetic matching algorithms for the construction of phylogenies from the genomic signatures (G2GPMA(Genome to Genome based Phylogeny Matching Algorithm)and G2MPMA(Genome to Multiple Genome based Phylogeny Matching Algorithm)). We also defined three metrics to measure the effectiveness of each signature in relation to the identification of genomes (G2GI(Genome to Genome based Genome Identification), G2MI(Genome to Multiple Genome based Genome Identification) and GHRI(Genome Hit Ratio based Genome Identification)). Our experimental results showed that DNA word-based genomic signatures were effective for genome identification, and order-based genomic signatures were better than frequency-based genomic signatures. Furthermore, the levels of performance of the CGR and OED genomic signatures were similar. The order-based versions of these genomic signatures, CGRO and OEDO, also showed similar levels of performance. In addition, we presented the similarity of the 100 bacterial genomes in a two-dimensional space by using PCA based on the OEDO genomic signature whose word size is 4. PO-104 Track: Plant and Environment USE OF FLUOROGENIC SUBSTRATE MIXTURE FOR QUANTIFICATION OF BIOFILM FORMED ON DRINKING WATER PIPE MATERIAL Yeong-Kwan Kim, Si-Hyeong Juen Kyung-Ran Pak and Sung-Chan Choi Department of Environmental Sciences & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Korea; E-mail: scchoi@hallym.ac.kr It is becoming evident that biofilms on distribution pipes contribute to bacterial regrowth and cause considerable problems in drinking water distribution systems. As biofilms develop on the surfaces, the evaluation of bacterial World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 107 adherence to various pipe materials is of great importance. We developed a new, fast, convenient and dependable quantification method for biofilm assessment by using 4-methylumbelliferone (MUF)-containing fluorescent substrates. Cleavage of MUF substrates (MUF-α- and MUF-ß-glucopyranoside and MUF-butyrate) by exoenzyme yields the fluorescent molecule, 4-MUF, which emits light. Biofilm Annular Reactor (BAR) was used to simulate the hydraulic conditions of drinking water distribution system, and maintained at a fixed rotational speed of 38 rpm and tap water flow rate was 3.36 L/h. Biofilm was allowed to develop for 10 days in air-tight BAR under continuous tap water flow conditions. Various pipe materials, including PVC, stainless steel, and PE were used as a coupon for BAR. When retrieved biofilm sample was incubated with MUF-substrates, the intensity of fluorescence was proportionally increased with incubation time. The linearity continued to several hours incubation period suggesting biofilm sample can be assessed depending on the sensitivity limit. Effects of cell biomass on the fluorescence production were also determined by incubating suspended cells with MUF-substrates. A serial dilution of the cell suspension produced 104 ~ 107 CFU/mL series, and the fluorescence production was apparently proportional (r2 = 0.99) to the cell biomass. Relative Fluorescence Unit (RFU) production of 2.02 x 107 CFU/mL sample corresponded to approximately 45% of that of the total MUF-substrates added (0.65 µM). A minimum detection limit (MDL) of the assay was determined by serial dilution to extinction of the cell suspension retrieved from biofilm sample. The fluorescence was detectable as low as 2 CFU per 10 cm2 of PVC coupon indicating that the minimum cell numbers for fluorescence measurement and for enzyme activity was fairly low. This method would allow simple, rapid, dependable and validated quantification of biofilm formed on water distribution pipe system and would help to control biofilm formation and effective management. Keywords: Biofilm, drinking water, fluorogenic substrate, methylumbelliferone, exoenzyme. PO-4 Track: Plant and Environment BIOMARKERS FOR THE EARLY DETECTION OF SALINITY IMPACT ON RICE YIELD S.D. Wankhade, A. Sanz, I. Mateu-Andrés, M.J. Cornejo Facultad de Biología, Avda. Dr Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; E-mail: Maria.J.Cornejo@uv.es Screening for salinity tolerance in genetically modified cereals is usually performed at the seedling stage by using a high NaCl dosage for a short time period. However, these conditions do not accurately predict the long term effects of the more frequent mild saline stress on grain yield. We analyzed anatomical and developmental responses to salinity in three Japonica rice cultivars under high (150 mM) and low (10-20 mM) NaCl levels, respectively applied during the early vegetative stage and along the life cycle. Results show that salt sensitivity is associated with a distinctive and more pronounced effect of the ionic component of salinity on growth reduction as well as with several leaf anatomic parameters. Among them, the size and cuticle thickness of bulliform cells, which are involved in leaf rolling and, mainly, the enlargement of xylem vessels. Molecular analyses using nuclear microsatellite markers show a closer association between cultivars with similar level of salinity tolerance. Thus, our research provides markers for the detection in young plants of further salinity impact on rice productivity and should be useful for the evaluation of rice germplasm. 108 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-46 Track: Plant and Environment NON-ADVERSE EFFECTS ON ALLERGENICITY OF ISOPENTENYLTRANSFERASE GENE TRANSFORMED BROCCOLI En-Chih Liao, Jen-Tao Chen, Mei-Li Chao, Sheng-Chieh Yu, Ching-Yun Chang, Hsin-Tang Lin, Wen-Shen Chu, and Jaw-Ji Tsai Food Industry Research and Development Institute, HsinChu, Taiwan; Email: cws@firdi.org.tw Background: Genetically modified (GM) organisms provide modern agriculture with improvements in efficiency and the benefits of enhanced food production; however, the potential impact of GMOs on human health has not yet been clarified. Objective: This study aims to investigate the allergenicity between GM (isopentenyltransferase-transformed) and nonGM broccoli. Methods: Sera from allergic individuals were used to identify the allergenicity among GM and non-GM broccoli. The immunoblot, ELISA and histamine release assay were used to identify the IgE binding of broccoli. Results: 7.02% (13/185) of the allergic subjects had positive reactions to B. oleracea. Tests of IgE reactivity showed a significant positive correlation between levels of broccoli-specific IgE and total IgE among these broccoli-allergic subjects. The specific IgE to broccoli and total IgE from sensitive subjects were well-correlated. Using Western blot, there were heterogeneous IgE reactive allergenic components in broccoli-allergic sera. The allergenicity of conventionally raised and GM broccoli were compared among different lines of broccoli. No significant difference in allergenicity was found. This indicated that there were no unexpected effects on allergenicity in the IPT-gene transformed broccoli. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated there are no differences in allergenicity between non-GM and GM broccoli as detected by specific IgE from broccoli-allergic sera. Acknowledgement This study was supported by grants (DOH96-FS031 and FDA99-FS033) from the Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan, R. O. C. PO-66 Track: Other Areas STUDY OF THE POTENTIAL VALUE OF ILEX AFFINIS AS A NOVEL SOURCE FOR THE FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES Dalton Rafferty Amy, Cogoi Laura, Martino Renzo, Anesini Claudia and Filip Rosana IQUIMEFA-UBA-CONICET and Pharmacognosy Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Buenos Aires University, Argentina, E-mail: canesini@yahoo.com.ar Ilex paraguariensis St. Hilaire (Aquifoliaceae), a plant which grows naturally in NE Argentina, Uruguay, SE Brazil and E Paraguay, is processed industrially to produce “Yerba Mate" and used in South America as a tea-like beverage. It is exported to the US, Europe and Asia as vegetal drug or extracts used in complementary and alternative medicine and in formulations for functional foods. Ilex affinis Gardner grows in the same habitat and is used as substitute or adulterant of I. paraguariensis. This species has never been investigated before. The objective of this work was to assess the phytochemical composition of this species and to determine the pharmacological activity, according with the major compounds present in it. Aqueous extracts were prepared according to the traditional use. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 109 The results showed small quantities of methylxanthines (caffeine and theobromine) but a considerable amount of polyphenols, especially chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid which showed, in previous work, antiproliferative activity, also assayed in this species upon a lymphoma cell line. The results obtained in this work suggest the potential value of I. affinis for the development of novel products in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Keywords: Ilex affinis; Ilex paraguariensis, polyphenols, chlorogenic acid, antiproliferative. PO-108 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology DESIGNER HYPER INTERLEUKIN 11 (H11) IS MORE EFFECTIVE THAN IL-11 IN MEGAKARYOPOIESIS Hanna Dams-Kozlowska, Eliza Kwiatkowska, Katarzyna Gryska and Andrzej Mackiewicz Department of Cancer Immunolgy, E-mail: anna.dams-kozlowska@wco.pl Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland; Interleukin-11 (IL-11) displays megakaryopoietic activity. We constructed cytokine Hyper- IL11 (H11) by linking soluble IL-11 receptor alpha (sIL-11Ralpha) with IL-11, which directly targets beta-receptor (gp130) signal transducing subunit. The effects of H11 on hematopoiesis with a focus on megakaryopoiesis were studied. The proliferation, differentiation and type of colony formation of cord blood progenitor Lin-CD34+ cells were analyzed. H11 was more effective than human IL-11 (rhIL-11) in enhancement of the Lin-CD34+ cells proliferation and differentiation into megakaryocytes (Mk). It induced higher expression of CD41a and CD61 antigens, resulting in the substantially larger population of CD34-CD41ahighCD61high cells. H11 treatment led to increased number of small and mainly medium megakaryocyte colony formation (Mk-CFU). Moreover, it induced formation of a small number of large colonies, which were not observed following rhIL-11 treatment. Significantly higher number of H11 derived Mk colonies released platelets-like particles (PLP). Furthermore, H11 was considerably more potent than rhIL-11 in promoting differentiation of Lin-CD43+ cells toward erythrocytes. Our results indicate that H11 is more effective than rhIL-11 in enhancing proliferation of early progenitors and directing them to megakaryocyte and erythroid cells and in inducing maturation of Mk. H11 may prove beneficial for thrombocytopenia treatment and/or an ex vivo expansion of megakaryocytes. Keywords: Interleukin 11, hyper cytokine, megakaryopoiesis, stem cells, platelets, thrombocytopenia. PO-99 Track: Industrial & Manufacturing NON ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF HEMOGLOBIN AT HIGH TEMPERATURES FOR INDUSTRIAL Carlos Álvarez, Manuel Rendueles and Mario Díaz Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Oviedo, C/ Julián de Clavería nº8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; E-mail: mariodiaz@uniovi.es One of the most valuables uses of proteins recovered from industrial wastes is the production of hydrolysates. A new hydrolysis technique based on using moderate not very high temperatures (120-180ºC), and medium pressures (40 atm), under an atmosphere controlled by oxygen injection was developed. Such technique avoids using enzymes or chemical reagents. 110 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 The method can process solutions with very high protein concentrations, until 150-200 g/L, with an 85% transformation in low-molecular weight peptides (LMWP) after four hours reaction. The enzymatic protocols allow processing usually only 50-60 g/L protein, although with practically all protein being transformed to peptides. We have obtained hydrolysates with a well defined molecular weight distribution, with more than 75% of peptides smaller than 1 kDa, which favors digestibility and absorption. Moreover, at the same time, the hydrolysates were discolored, what currently could not be done with one-step enzymatic process. Functional properties (solubility, emulsifying and foaming capacity) of hydrolysates were enhanced (around 10%) compared to tryptic hydrolysates. The antioxidant activity parameters with this method were quite similar to the tryptic ones; hydroxyl scavenging and ferrous chelating ability were similar in both cases, while a significant increment (around 30%) in reducing power was achieved. PO-63 Track: Medical Biotechnology HUMAN (NON- 3D EQUIVALENT) SKIN EXPLANT ASSAYS FOR THE DETECTION OF ADVERSE REACTIONS, POTENCY AND EFFICACY Anne Dickinson and Shaheda Ahmed Department of Alcyomics Ltd, Newcastle University, UK; E-mail: anne.m.dickinson@alcyomics.com Alcyomics has developed human in vitro skin explant technologies (SkimuneT) as an alternative to the use of animal models, which can be used as diagnostic tools for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and chemical industries. The assays can be used to test drugs, novel compounds or monoclonal antibodies for potential allergic or hypersensitivity reactions. The current most favorable method to test compounds for allergenicity is the mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA). However the recent changes in EU legislation have banned animal testing on cosmetics. A number of alternative predictive test methods for the identification of compounds with the potential to cause skin sensitization are available but are inappropriate for assessment of relative potency. The SkimuneT assays have been evaluated against the LLNA, with 98% concordance showing that it is a reliable tool for safety, potency and toxicity testing and also successfully identifies chemicals which have been shown to be negative in the LLNA but positive in man e.g. Nickel Sulphate. The SkimuneT technologies can also predict allergic responses to novel immunomodulatory drugs or monoclonal antibodies before any clinical application or for efficacy testing. We can demonstrate that the SkimuneT technologies could have predicted and prevented the TGN1412, Northwick Park incidence. The assay uses a human autologous system to test for sensitivity and adverse reactions in which activity is measured as histological grading of damage in skin as a function of induced immune responses correlated with T cell proliferation and IFN- production. Collectively, the data demonstrates that the SkimuneT technologies provide novel and reliable approaches to the determination of skin sensitization, potency assessment, drug or monoclonal antibody evaluation and efficacy testing and can be used as a first step in the risk assessment process. Keywords: Allergy, sensitisation, efficacy testing, in vitro non 3D equivalent human skin testing. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 111 PO-18 Track: Plant and Environment REDUCED LIGNIN SORGHUM LINES FOR BIOENERGY CONVERSION CAN HAVE GREATER INSECT RESISTANCE AS COMPARED TO NORMAL LIGNIN LINES Patrick F. Dowd and Scott E. Sattler Crop Bioprotection, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USA; Email: patrick.dowd@ars.usda.gov Low lignin sorghum lines have been derived from brown midrib (bmr) mutants and have increased efficiency of saccharification and ethanol conversion. However, lignin has been implicated as an important defense mechanism against insects and plant pathogens In laboratory assays under controlled growth conditions using mutant lines bmr2, bmr6 and bmr12, leaves examined from young plants generally were damaged to an equal or sometimes lower extent than leaves from normal lignin near isogenic line Tx623. Leaves from older plants were often more resistant to feeding by corn earworms and fall armyworms, especially bmr6. Pith from the upper stalks was more toxic to both insect species, causing up to 47% mortality to corn earworms when from bmr6, compared to 6% mortality for pith from Tx623. In small plot studies, assays of leaf material exhibited results similar to the laboratory studies. When planted in a 1 acre plot, although insect incidence was similar, bmr6 plants generally had significantly reduced leaf damage and stalk tunneling by endemic populations of European corn borers. Recent results of laboratory assays with transgenic sorghum materials up or down regulating enzymes important in lignin biosynthesis will also be presented and compared to those with mutant lines. Keywords: Bioenergy, sorghum, insect resistance. PO-9 Track: Other Areas BIOMASS AS A SOURCE OF RAW MATERIALS FOR FIBROUS POLYMER TECHNOLOGY Gabriela Dziworska Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland; E-mail: gabriela.dziworska@p.lodz.pl The aim of the project BIOMASA is utilization of various kinds of plant biomass and textile waste materials by their transformation with biotechnological methods, involving either enzymatic or microbial processes, into fibrous polymer materials. The intermediate products in those transformations are: cellulose nanofibres, tactic polylactide and aliphatic-aromatic co-polyesters, which all are known to be important raw-materials for the production of biodegradable fibrous materials as well as other kinds of biodegradable polymer composites. For the preparation of cellulose nanofibres, a cellulose-rich plant biomass is being utilized, including grass and straw of various cereals as well as waste fibres from textile industry (cotton, linen). The biomass is first pretreated with physical and/or chemical methods including boiling, steam-explosion or treatment with certain chemicals. Multienzyme complex obtained from Aspergillus niger mould is utilized as the main enzymatic tool. The fibrous materials and composites prepared within this project on the basis of abovementioned intermediates will be further utilized for obtaining new functional textiles and nonwovens with potential sanitary or technical applications, such as sweat-absorbing textile inserts, sanitary textiles, filtration materials, geotextiles and agrotextiles. Within this project, the processes of ageing and controlled biodegradation of prepared materials will be studied, as well as the conditions of their recycling and possible use of degradation products in agriculture. The synthesis of tactic polylactide is being performed by chemical polymerization of L,L-lactide, prepared from L-lactic acid. The latter is obtained by stereoselective fermentation of plant biomass, after its saccharization by appropriate enzymes (Aspergillus niger preparations). In this case patatoes, cereal grains or beet pulp are employed as starting biomass. The microorganisms (bacteria), used for the fermentation, were selected by classical microbiology methods from the environment. The tactical polylactide will be utilized for fiber formation and thermoforming. 112 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 The third path involves utilization of various oil-plant biomass, which on sequential treatment with lipase preparations obtained from Mucor circinelloides and Mucor racemosus moulds (structurization, transesterification) and appropriate chemical reactions (cycloaddition, hydrogenation) are transformed into macrodiols containing dimerized fatty acid residues. These will be co-polymerized with appropriate reagents in order to produce new biodegradable aliphaticaromatic co-polyesters. The polyesters will be utilized as fillers for preparation of various fibrous polymers and composites. The project BIOMASA is being realized by nine research groups from Poland belonging to four different institutions, with the Technical University of Lodz being the leader. The methods of preparation of polymer fibrous materials and composites elaborated within this project will positively influence development of science-based economy and will increase the innovativeness of connected areas of research and production. The main recipients of elaborated methods will be producers of fibers and nonwovens from thermoplastic materials, sanitary textiles, filtration materials, geotextiles, agrotextiles and packing materials. Keywords: Biotechnology, biodegradable products, industrial application. Acknowledgement The project BIOMASA (POIG 01.01.02-10-123/09) is partially financed by the European Union within the European Regional Development Fund. PO-15 Track: Other Areas ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF FATTY ACID SALTS AGAINST TINEA Mariko ERA, Shiho SAKAI, Junko NINOMIYA, Takayoshi KAWAHARA, Takahide KANYAMA and Hiroshi MORITA Graduate school of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyusyu, Japan; E-mail: t2mab002@eng.kitakyuu.ac.jp Dermatophytosis (Tinea) is fungal infection that can infect the scalp, glabrous skin, and nails. In general, Tinea can be spread by skin-to-skin contact or bathroom or floor materials. The treatments of Tinea need antifungal medication and good hygiene environment. Moreover, generally recovery takes long time. The effective antifungal medication and infection prevention, and the creation of antifungal medication with high safety are required. In this study was focused on the antifungal effect of fatty acid salts. The growth inhibition of bacteria and antibacterial activities were known by fatty acid salts. We investigated the antifungal effect against Microsporum canis NBRC 32464 and Trichophytom violaceum NBRC 31064. Using the five fatty acids, caprylic (C8:0), capric (C10:0), lauric (C12:0), myristic (C14:0), oleic (C18:1), were dissolved in KOH solution to a concentration of 175 mM and pH 10.5. The antifungal method, the spore suspension (3.0 ×104 spores/ ml) was mixed with sample of fatty acid salts (final concentration of 175 mM). It was able to select those having a high antifungal effect of fatty acid salts. Lauric acid salt was the highest antifungal activity of the saturated fatty acids. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged from 10.9- 175 mM for lauric acid salt to M. canis and T. violaceum MIC ranged from 5.5- 175 mM for lauri acid salts. Moreover, the effect of temperature and pH on antifungal activity of fatty acid salts was investigated. These results indicate that lauric acid salt has high antifungal activity against Tinea. In our previous study, 8 to 12 carbon atoms had a high antifungal strength against Cladosporium cladosporioides. It was able to find a similar trend in this study. Keywords: Tinea, antifungal, Fatty acid salts. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 113 PO-122 Track: Plant & Environment PROTEINACEOUS MUSHROOM EXTRACTS AGAINST PLANT PATHOGENIC BACTERIA EXHIBIT ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY Jana Erjavec, Tanja Dreo, Jerica Sabotič, Jože Brzin, and Maja Ravnikar National Institute of Biology, Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, Vecna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Email: jana.erjavec@nib.si Mushrooms are rapidly becoming recognized as a promising source of novel proteins. They are researched in addressing medical and biotechnological problems such as low crop yields, microbial drug resistance and demands for renewable energy. Large scale production and industrial application of some fungal proteins proves their biotechnological potential and establishes higher fungi as a valuable, though relatively unexplored, source of unique proteins. Our objective was to test over 180 proteinaceous extracts of more than 90 basidiomycete species against Ralstonia solanacearum, the causative agent of a quarantine brown rot disease of potatoes and other plants, and several other plant pathogenic bacteria. Antibacterial activity was tested in vitro, followed by selection of active extracts, which were screened in in vivo (pathogenicity tests). Results have shown strong antibacterial activity of several proteinaceous mushroom extracts in vitro. Significant delay in bacterial wilting or lower disease occurrence was observed in tomato and potato plants inoculated with mixture of R. solanacearum and extracts compared to positive control. Our current research is dedicated to purification and characterization of these active proteins. PO-100 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY IN VITRO AGAINST RIOLOZATRIONE FROM JATROPHA DIOICA HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS OF Rivas-Galindo Verónica M, Silva-Mares David, Rivas-Estilla Ana María, Cordero-Pérez Paula, WaksmanMinsky Noemí and Torres-López Ernesto Immunovirology-Analytical Chemistry, E-mail: ernesto_torreslopez@yahoo.com Universidad Autonoma De Nuevo Leon, Mexico; Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2) infection is highly prevalent worldwide and current drug treatment utilizes nucleoside analogs. Based on chemotaxonomic and ethno-pharmacological criteria, three Mexican plants (Jatropha dioica, Salvia texana and S. ballotaeflora) were studied for in vitro activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2. Initially, the plant extracts were subjected to cytotoxicity assay; we determined their anti-herpetic activity based on their cytotoxic value using a reduction plaque assay. Hydroalcoholic extracts were initially evaluated for their toxicity on Vero cells. Both Salvia species displayed cytotoxicity at the lowest dose (125 µg/mL). The J. dioica extract showed the lowest cytotoxicity with a CC50 of 644 µg/mL value, and thus, was prioritized for determination of anti-HSV activity, using the plaque reduction assay with HSV-1 and HSV-2 (clinical isolates) infected Vero cells. The hydro-alcoholic extract of J. dioica showed IC50s of 284 µg/mL and 368 µg/mL against HSV-1 and HSV-2, respectively. Liquid-liquid partitions of the J. dioica hydro-alcoholic extract made and hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were obtained. Hexane fraction showed plaque reduction with IC50 values of 300 and 267 µg/mL, for HSV-1 and HSV-2, respectively. Bioassay-guided isolation led to the known diterpene, riolozatrione, which displayed moderate antiviral activity with an IC50 value of 66 μg/mL for both HSV-1 and HSV-2. Riolozatrione was previously obtained from J. dioica root by Domínguez et al. in 1980, and they mentioned that riolozatrione may possibly arise from the rearrangement of lathyrol derivative or a macro cyclic precursor bring biological activities. Keywords: HSV, ANTIVIRAL, J. diodica, RIOLOZATRIONE 114 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-101 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology EVALUATION OF ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF UV-C LIGHT AGAINST HSV INFECTION IN VITRO Arriaga-Garza Jesús, Torres-López Ernesto, Castaño Victor M, Belmares-Perales Sergio, and ElizondoVillarreal Nora Immunovirology-Analytical Chemistry, ernesto_torreslopez@yahoo.com Universidad Autonoma De Nuevo Leon, Mexico; E-mail: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a virus very common around the world, and the increase in the United States goes for, many co-infections as HIV and closed relationship with Alzheimer disease. In nature germicidal ultraviolet is a part of the sun radiation however; most germicidal radiation (UV-C) does not reach earth, that is mind many virus particle are no inactivated. The goal of this work was to evaluate and produce data that provides basic information on rate of inactivation of UV-C light when is tested against HSV 1 in vitro. The experimental physics assay was made and designs with a source of ultra violet radiation “Sterilray”, Corporation, (patent in course). This equipment can emit wavelength radiation of UV-C band. Vero cell was infected with HSV-1 strains (KOS) obtained from ATCC. Monolayer Vero cell was spread and infected with 100ufp/ml of HSV-1 and incubated at 37°C, 65 rpm per 1 h. After infection them was different time UV-C light irradiation, the exposure were performed at room temperature. Our results shown that the viral activity of UV-C exposure of 18mW/cm intensity, reduced to 54% the formation of PFU in a time of 2 to 3 sec, in the wavelength around of 185-230 nm. So far this “Sterilray” equipment is a good candidate to inactivate herpes virus particles. PO-93 Track: Others Areas COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOME ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS AND AVAILABLE LYSINE IN ACACIA COLEI AND ACACIA TUMIDA SEEDS USING CHEMICAL METHODS AND AMINO ACID ANALYZER Olumuyiwa S. Falade and Steve R.A. Adewusi Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Email: osfalade@oauife.edu.ng Methionine, cysteine, tryptophan and available lysine were determined in Acacia colei and Acacia tumida seed and some cereals using chemical methods and the result compared to those obtained using an amino acid analyzer. Ba(OH)2 hydrolysis gave the best result of the three methods of hydrolysis (acid, base and enzyme) tried. Oxidized methionine, cysteine and tryptophan were not detected but S-carboxyethylcysteine was estimated as cysteine by the chemical methods thus overestimating cysteine’s content in Acacia seeds. Tryptophan and methionine were higher in cereals than Acacia seeds while the level of cysteine and available lysine was higher in Acacia seeds than in cereals. These results agreed with values obtained using the amino acid analyzer and could therefore be used in low budget laboratories. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 115 PO-94 Track: Other Areas STABILIZATION OF GROUNDNUT OIL WITH NATURAL ANTIOXIDANTS EXTRACTED FROM BAUHINIA SPECIES AND PILIOSTIGMA RETICULATUM O.S. Falade, A.A. Adeyanju, M.A. Aderogba and S.R.A. Adewusi Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; E-mail: osfalade@oauife.edu.ng This study investigated the possibility of protecting groundnut oil against lipid oxidation using leave extract with the highest antioxidant activity (lowest EC50 value) from Bauhinia species and Piliostigma reticulatum plants. The antioxidant activity of the crude extract and the hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate and butanol fractions of each of the plants were determined by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical method and EC50 value calculated. The extract with lowest EC50value was used in the stabilization study. The groundnut oil was divided into five treatment groups as follows: groundnut oil without plant extract, groundnut oil with plant extract, groundnut oil with plant extract including pro-oxidants (fluorescent light, Fe2+and oxygen), groundnut oil without plant extract but with pro-oxidants and groundnut oil with Butylatedhydroxylanisole (BHA). The progressive oxidative deterioration in each of the treatment groups was monitored by the determination of lipid hydroperoxide (LHP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), p-anisidine value and total tocopherol spectrophotometrically every other week for four months. The results revealed EC50 values of 8.29 µg /mL and 225.28 µg /mL for ethylacetate fraction of P. reticulatum and crude extract of B. monandra, respectively. The results of the stability study revealed that LPH, TBARS and p-anisidine value increased in all the treatment groups but plant extract protected oil recorded the least values. Total tocopherol was observed to reduce in all groups but plant extract protected oil recorded the least reduction. It can be concluded that ethylacetate fraction of P. reticulatum was better than BHA and could be used as an anti-oxidant in vegetable oil. PO-25 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing ESCHERICHIA COLI EXPRESSING PDU GENES FROM KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE PRODUCES 1,3-PROPANEDIOL FROM GLYCEROL A. B. Flora, G. Pitta, and J. G. C. Gomez Inter units in Biotechnology, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; E-mail: amandaflora@usp.br 1,3-propanediol is a high priced molecule that can be recycled and is used in the industry as a component in solvents, lubricants and in the production of PTT (polytrimethylene terephthalate). Many microorganisms can produce 1,3propanediol from glycerol (a byproduct of biodiesel production), through two enzymatic steps catalyzed by glycerol dehydratase (dhaBCE) and 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase (dhaT) . In this work, a genomic library from Klebsiella pneumoniae GLC29 in broad host range vector pBBR1MCS-2 was screened for clones harboring the dhaB gene. Just a clone hosting the pdu cluster was detected. This cluster is responsible for the degradation of 1,2-propanediol. One of the pdu enzymes, the 1,2-propanediol dehydratase (pduCDE) is isofunctional with the Glycerol dehydratase from the dha cluster. The complete dha cluster was amplified by PCR and cloned in pBBR1MCS-2. Recombinant Escherichia coli XL1Blue were constructed hosting pBBR1MCS-2::pdu or pBBR1MCS-2::dha.. Surprisingly the culture of recombinant strain hosting pdu genes reach higher 1,3-propanediol concentration (0.654g/L) when compared with that one hosting dha genes (0.044g/L). In recombinant strain hosting pdu genes, 1,3-propanediol yield from glycerol reached 0.301g/g, corresponding to about 40% of the maximum theoretical yield based on elementary mode analysis. Keywords: 1,3-propanediol, glycerol, Klebsiella pneumoniae, glycerol dehydratase, dha cluster, pdu cluster. 116 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-128 Track: Others Areas IONIC LIQUIDS AS NEUTRALIZATION TUNABLE SOLVENTS FOR BIOFILM-FORMING PATHOGEN David T. Fox, Katherine Lovejoy, Tarryn Miller, Theresa Kern, Michael Zakrewsky, Andrew Koppisch, Samir Mitragotri and Rico Del Sesto Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bioscience Division, MS M888, USA; E-mail: dfox@lanl.gov Ionic liquids (ILs) are increasingly recognized as suitable materials for multiple biological applications. Based upon the tunable nature of the ILs, by varying both the anionic and cationic component, the formulations result in differing physicochemical properties of the material. Biofilm-protected microorganisms are thought to be responsible for up to 65% of all bacterial infections in humans and are typically 50-500 times more resistant to antimicrobials than unprotected (planktonic) bacteria. Our team is formulating and testing a panel of ILs against two biofilm-forming bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium LT2, to ascertain efficacy of ILinduced biofilm-disruption and corresponding cell death. Both 24 and 72 hour biofilms, for each species, were challenged for two hours with each IL in our panel and cell viability assessed by enumeration. Concomitant to this work, the same ILs were also assessed for irritation, permeation (transdermal delivery), and cytotoxicity properties against human undifferentiated lung cells and skin. Correlations between the physicochemical properties of each IL, biofilm survival, and transdermal delivery properties will also be discussed. PO-28 Track: Plant and Environment ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF CROTON SPHAEROGYNUS BAILL Kátia Pereira dos Santos, Lucimar Barbosa da Motta, Deborah Y.A.C.Santos, Maria Luiza Faria Salatino and Cláudia Maria Furlan Department of Botany, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, E-mail: furlancm@ib.usp.br Croton is a large genus of Euphorbiaceae. It comprises approximately 1,300 species occurring in tropical regions. Recent studies estimate that approximately two-thirds of the species of Croton occur in the New World. In almost all Brazilian ecosystems Croton species are representative and some are used in folk medicine for various purposes, including for the treatment of cancer. Many Croton species present red latex which characterizes these species with the popular names of "sangue-de-adave" (Brazil) and "sangre-de-drago" (Hispano-American countries). The diversity of medicinal uses of Croton species is coupled with a wide diversity of secondary metabolites. Proanthocyanidins, alkaloids, diterpenes, and essential oils have often been reported for Croton species, but relatively little is known about flavonoids. The antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, phenylpropanoids and phenolic acids is characterized by the property of redox attributed to them which can play an important role in neutralizing ROS. The flavonoids found in Croton, in most cases, are aglycones highly methoxylated as artemetin, but currently several Croton species have been described as producing glycosides and acylated flavonoids. Research on natural products with therapeutic potential represents an area of great interest in which plant products has been an important source. In Brazil, in view of the economic difficulties faced by the vast majority of the Brazilian population, the government stimulus grows for use of herbal medicines. Croton is highly promising for prospecting studies of natural substances pharmacologically active, favored by the great diversity of species that occur in Brazilian biomes. Croton sphaerogynus belongs to Cleodora section, closely related to Croton cajucara, a species in clinical trials of some of its isolated compounds, providing therapies for diabetes, liver and kidney diseases, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and others. The aim of this study was to investigate the major phenolic constituents of C. sphaerogynus, with emphasis on flavonoids. The antioxidant potential was investigated by three methods: 1. Scavenger for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH); 2. Inhibit the b-carotene oxidation; and 3. Iron chellation. Ethanol (EtOH) extract was investigated; World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 117 besides, fractions obtained by partition with Hexane (Hex) and Methanol (MeOH) were also investigated. Sub-fractions (FCP, F1A, F2A, F3A and F4A) obtained by sephadex column from the methanol fraction were also investigated. All extracts were analyzed by HPLC, except the hexane fraction that was analyzed by GC-MS. The minimum inhibitory concentration (M.IC) was calculated for each extract and fraction in order to obtain, for each method, the minimum concentration required to result on an antioxidant activity of 50%. The extracts demonstrated varying degrees of efficacy in each assay. Among the extract, fractions and sub-fractions, the MIC values varied between 0.048 mg/mL (F3A) (as a minimum MIC) and 0.148 mg/mL (EtOH) (as maximum) for DPPH. In the b-carotene assay, MIC values varied from 0.316 mg/mL (F3A) to 7.5 mg/mL (F1A). For iron chellator activity, MIC varied from a minimum of 0.439 mg/mL (F4A) and maximum of 3.5 mg/mL (Hex). Sub-fractions presented higher activity when compared to extract and fractions. HPLC of extract, fractions and sub-fractions revealed the presence of flavonols derivatives such as quercetin, kampferol, rutin and isorhamnetin, found mostly in methanol fraction and its sub-fractions. The sub-fraction F3A was characterized for the presence of an isorhamnetin derivative, and also presented the higher antioxidant potential when compared to other analyzed extracts. Keywords: Croton, polar extracts, flavonoids. PO-27 Track: Plant and Environment ANTIOXIDANT AND IRON-CHELATING CAPACITY OF EXTRACTS FROM HYPTIS (LAMIACEAE) Matha Dalila Sedano Partida, Daniele Ribeiro Araujo, Fúlvio Riele, Ricardo Lombello and Cláudia Maria Furlan Department of Botany, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, E-mail: furlancm@ib.usp.br Hyptis is a genus of Lamiaceae, comprising approximately 144 species, distributed in tropical and subtropical regions from North America to the Caribbean and southward to Argentina and Peru. Hyptis species are known to be used in folk medicine to treat various diseases such as flu and constipation (H. fruticosa), respiratory diseases (H. macrostachys), stomach and intestinal disorders (H. martiusii), colic and liver disease (H. pectinata), nasal and ear disorders (H. umbrosa) and to combat fever (H. suaveolens). Hyptis species are aromatic and commonly used in the treatment of gastrointestinal infections, analgesics and as antifungals. Essential oils have often been reported for Hyptis species as responsible for many biological action, but other compounds are also important, as diterpenos, lignans and some flavonoids (in most cases, aglycones highly methoxylated). Research on natural products with therapeutic potential represents an area of great interest in which plant products had been an important source. In Brazil, in view of the economic difficulties faced by the vast majority of the Brazilian population, the government stimulus grows for use of herbal medicines. Hyptis highly promising for prospecting studies of pharmacologically active of natural substances, favored by the great diversity of species that occur in Brazilian biomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the major constituents of water and ethanolic crude extracts from H. atrorubens and H. radicans. The antioxidant potential was investigated by three methods: 1. Scavenger for 1,1-diphenyl2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH); 2. Inhibit the b-carotene oxidation; and 3. Iron-chelating capacity. Ethanol (EtOH) and water extract was investigated; besides, were also investigated fractions obtained by partition of EtOH extract using Hexane (Hex) and Methanol (MeOH). All extracts were analyzed by HPLC and GC-MS. The extracts demonstrated varying degrees of efficacy in each assay. The minimum concentration (MC) required to result on 50% of antioxidant activity was calculated for each extract and fraction. Among the extracts and fractions, the MC values varied between 0.175 mg/mL (MeOH) (as a minimum MC) and 1.4 mg/mL (Hex) (as maximum) for DPPH. In the b-carotene assay, MC values varied from 0,08 mg/mL (MeOH) to 1.4 mg/mL (Hex). For iron-chellating capacity, MC varied from a minimum of 2.1 mg/mL (Water) and maximum of 9.5 mg/mL (EtOH). HPLC of extracts and fractions revealed the presence of flavonoids and phenylpropanoids derivatives, found mostly in ethanol and methanol fraction. The methanolic extracts were most effective on iron (II) chellator, on scavenging DPPH radicals and on inhibiting b-carotene oxidation. Keywords: Hyptis, Lamiaceae, polar extracts. 118 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-127 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology B. SUBTILIS SPORES WITH ENHANCED GUT PERSISTENCE AS A TOOL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTI-CARIES VACCINES Milene B. Tavares, Juliano D. Paccez, Renata D. Souza, Mariela E. O. Silva, Rafael C.M. Cavalcante, Wilson B. Luiz, Eduardo G. Martins, Rita C.C. Ferreira and Luís C.S.Ferreira Department of Microbiology, University of São Paulo, Brazil; E-mail: lcsf@usp.br The purpose of the present study was the development of a new antigen expression adequate for the development of vaccines delivered by the oral route. Recombinant Bacillus subtilis spores were engineered to express enteric bacterial adhesins at the spore-coat surface and a target antigen derived from Streptococcus mutans, the etiologic agent of dental caries, after spore germination. The recombinant spores showed enhanced adhesion to Caco-2 cells and persisted longer in the gastrointestinal tract, particularly at Peyer's patch cells, of orally dosed mice. Oral immunization of BALB/c mice with recombinant spores capable to encode a recombinant form of the S. mutans P1 protein (P139_512) resulted in higher systemic and mucosal antibody responses to the target antigen. Mice immunized via the intranasal or sublingual routes with adhesin-expressing spores further enhanced the antigen-specific immune responses. Moreover, antibodies raised against the P139_512 antibodies efficiently blocked the adhesion to immobilized salivary agglutinins in vitro and protect mice against oral colonization by S. mutans. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the proposed technology can improve the performance of B. subtilis spores as life delivery vectors of antigens and may contribute to the development of effective anti-caries vaccines. Keywords: Vaccines, Bacillus, spores, dental caries, S. mutans. PO-91 Track: Medical Biotechnology PROTEOMIC COMPARISON BETWEEN MRP4 KNOCKOUT AND WILD TYPE MOUSE BRAIN, LIVER, KIDNEY AND SERUM Kris R. Freeman, John D. Schuetz, Fernando Benavides and Dana García Department of Biology, Texas State University - San Marcos, Texas, USA; E-mail: Krf26@txstate.edu Multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4) is a transmembrane efflux protein capable of substrate-specific transport of endogenous and xenobiotic molecules across the cell membrane which include several drugs used in disease and cancer treatment. Changes in expression of MRP4 effect bioavailability and efficacy of treatment drugs. Expression changes also affect intracellular and extracellular levels of substrate molecules that participate in secondary messenger pathways (i.e. cAMP). The MRP4 gene is highly polymorphic in the human population altering the function and expression of the protein. The aim of this study was to conduct a large-scale proteomic analysis of MRP4 deficient mice to test if levels of other proteins and small molecules are altered in the absence of MRP4. This study focuses on protein expression in the liver, kidney, brain and serum by utilizing proprietary multi-analyte profiling platforms at MyriadRBM (Austin, TX). Eight analytes in the kidney, two in the serum and one in the liver were found to be significantly different in six-month old MRP4 knockout mice. The phenotype characterized by several of these expression changes is suggestive of tissue repair and inflammation in the kidney. These data suggest potential adverse effects in the absence of MRP4. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 119 PO-20 Track: Other Areas POTENTIAL IMMUNOLOGIC ACTION OF RECOMBINANT CP40 PROTEIN FROM CORYNEBACTERIUM PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS Daniela Droppa Almeida, Wanessa Lordelo Vivas, Judson Wallace Rodrigues da Silva, Ingrid Ganda, Sibele Borsuk, Simone Simmionato, Isabel Bezerra Lima-Verde, Vasco Azevedo, Roberto Meyer and Francine Ferreira Padilha Laboratory of Biomaterials, University of Tiradentes, Brazil; E-mail: ingrid.ganda@yahoo.com.br Caseous Lymphadenitis (LC) is a chronic disease caused by bacteria, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, which affects mainly sheep and goats. Visceral and external abscesses - the two forms of the disease - generate economic losses such as infected carcasses and decreased leather and wool yield. Standard diagnosis is based in bacterial culture obtained from abscesses followed by biochemical identification. In asymptomatic or visceral cases, serologic diagnosis can be an alternative way to identify infected animals. In this work, a recombinant form of corynebacteria protease protein (CP40) was evaluated for proper antigenicity and immunogenicity to develop a serologic test. CP40 protein was expressed in a prokaryotic heterologous system and then purified. Antigenic potential of rCP40 was determined through sera from goats previously evaluated for LC. The rCP40 maintained its native antigenic properties based on positive reaction with naturally infected animals sera. To determine immunogenic potential, mice were inoculated with rCP40 associated to two different adjuvants (saponine and freund's). Total IgG, IgG2a and IgG2b were significantly produced after two doses of rCP40. Therefore, rCP40 arises as potential target to develop a test diagnosis and perhaps a potential vaccine, which is very significant as there are currently longstanding test diagnosis and vaccines with low protection rates. Keywords: Test diagnosis, potential vaccine, recombinant serine protease, lymphadenitis caseous. PO-7 Track: Other Areas OVER-EXPRESSION OF THE ALDO-KETO REDUCTASE IN TRANSFECTED TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, THE ETIOLOGICAL AGENT OF CHAGAS' DISEASE, INCREASES PARASITE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO TRYPANOCIDAL DRUGS Patricia A. Garavaglia Joaquin J. B. Cannata, Marc Laverrière, Andrea C. Bruballa and Gabriela A. García Departamento de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Parasitología "Dr. Mario Fatala-Chaben", Buenos Aires, Argentina; E-mail: gaandgarcia@yahoo.com Chagas' disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is one of the main health problems in Latin America. Current anti-chagasic drugs, based on the nitrofuran nifurtimox or the nitroimidazole benznidazole, have limited success. Therefore, efforts have been addressed to find new trypanocidal compounds as well as to understand their action mechanisms. Recently, we identified the first aldo-keto reductase of T. cruzi (TcAKR) which showed quinone oxidoreductase (QOR) activity generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) by using ο-naphthoquinones (o-NQ) as substrates. As -lapachone, an o-NQ TcAKR substrate, has proven trypanocidal activity which depends on ROS generation, we investigated if TcAKR may participate in its metabolism. With this aim, we genetically engineered T. cruzi epimastigotes for tetracycline-inducible over-expression of the TcAKR gene using the vector pTcINDEX. Tetracycline-induced parasites showed 2 to 4-fold increase in TcAKR expression and QOR activity. Upon the treatment with either -lapachone nor 9,10-PQ, another o-NQ TcAKR substrate, intracellular ROS were significantly raised in TcAKR over-expression epimastigotes. In addition, the IC50 value for -lapachone shifted from 7.9 µM to 5.1 µM in these parasites indicating they were more susceptible to this drug. Our results suggest TcAKR is involved in the trypanocidal effect of o-NQ. 120 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Keywords: Trypanosoma cruzi, aldo-keto reductase, naphthoquinones, trypanocidal effect. PO-57 Track: Plant and Environment ISOLATION OF MICROBIAL CONSORTIA FROM SEA WATER AND MARINE SEDIMENTS FOR THE DEGRADATION OF PHENANTHRENE Carmen Garcia-Uitz K.D, Corona-Cruz A, Moreno-Andrade I, Rojas-Herrera Rafael, Ponce-Caballero C Faculty of Engineering, University Autonomous of Yucatan, Mexico; E-mail: garciauk@hotmail.com In this study 17 aerobic bacterial consortia were isolated from sea water and sediments; as growing medium, synthetic seawater was enriched with phenanthrene at 100 mg/L to evaluate the potential degradation of this pollutant. The consortia were evaluated for their ability to degrade phenanthrene as the only source of carbon and energy in synthetic seawater. Quantitative analysis of phenanthrene was carried out in a GC-MS and the microbial growth rate was calculated in the exponential growth phase and obtained for each consortium. The results indicated that the percentage of degradation of the consortia were between 28 and 75% after 7 days of incubation, with a specific microbial growth rate of 0.031 h-1 at 33 + 3 °C and 150 r.p.m. For microbial diversity analysis, four consortiums based on its rate of degradation and growth after 5 days were selected and the DNA was extracted and analized by pyrosequencing. The main genes found in the consortia correspond to genus Alcanivorax, Pelagibius, Halomonas and Pseudomonas. Keywords: Consortia, Syntetic Sea Water, Sediments, Microbial Diversity. PO-67 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology A FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION PLATFORM FOR NEURONAL GPCRS AND LIGAND-GATED ION CHANNELS SUITABLE FOR HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING DISCOVERY OF NOVEL BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS P. Tsitoura, L. Swevers, A. Lioupis, Z. Georgoussi, and K. Iatrou Laboratories of Cellular Signaling and Molecular Pharmaclogy and Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Institute of Biosciences and Applications, Greece; E-mail: iro@bio.demokritos.gr In the present study the development of a heterologous cell-based expression platform for neuronal receptors of mammalian origin is presented. These include a family of G-protein coupled receptors- (GPCRs) such as the serotonin 4a, the μ- and δ-opioid receptors, and the ligand-gated ionotropic channels (serotonin 3a receptors), all implicated in various physiological responses in the nervous system ranging from neurotransmitter release to depression, psychosis and analgesia. The expression platform uses lepidopteran cell lines transformed with plasmids encoding genetic elements from the silkworm Bombyx mori and B.mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV). The expression of the membrane bound receptors is initially demonstrated by ligand-binding (serotonin 4a) or immunodetection (μ-opioid) assays. To develop an easy and fast High Throughput Screening protocol, robust functional assays were established based on genetically encoded optical probes which allow detection of ligand-dependent changes in intracellular cAMP accumulation and Ca2+ mobilization (for the GPCRs and ion channels) in real-time, following addition of specific ligands to cells expressing at high levels the receptor proteins, the luminescent protein and, where appropriate, the human Gα16 protein as well. Consequently, the transformed lepidopteran insect cell lines can be used as sensitive and reliable high-throughput screening platforms for fast detection of specific neuronal receptor agonists and antagonists in collections of natural products and synthetic compounds. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 121 Keywords: High Throughput Screening, GPCRs, cell based assays, Ca2+ mobilization. PO-12 Track: Plant and Environment ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGI PRESENT ON COPPER MINE IN THE PARA STATE, BRAZIL L. J. Gimenes, I.R. Avanzi, L.H. Gracioso, M.P.G. Baltazar, C.A.O. Nascimento, E.A. Perpetuo, T.A. Reis and B. Correa CEPEMA-POLI-USP, Cubatão, Brazil; Email: lujandelli@iron.com.br Industrial growth resulting from technological development and activities considered essential to human life, causes serious environmental problems. Some time ago, fungi have been used in organic waste bioremediation and recently it have been discovered a good alternative in the of heavy metals' bioremediation. This work aims to isolate, identify and characterize fungi, evaluating mechanisms and strategies for remediating contaminated areas by copper. Soil and water samples were collected from Sossego Mine (Pará State, Brazil). Samples have been grown on PDA culture medium, incubated at 25 ºC for 5 days, after this period, the isolates were identified by morphologic and molecular methods. Subsequently, fungi were growth on PDA medium added in different concentrations of copper (0.7 mM, 1.5 mM, 3.0 mM, 6.2 mM and 12.5 mM). The identified species were: Penicillium citrinum, Aureobasidium pullulans, Eurotium rubrum, Nigrospora oryzae, Rhizopus microsporus and 5 isolated are still remaining the identification. This work has a great importance due to the low cost of repair systems compared to conventional ones, that allows a better use of copper wastes and consequently a better mining economic return. Moreover, the main advantage is a further reduction of environmental impact by the mining activity using this technology. PO-51 Track: Others areas IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF TARIN, A GNA-RELATED LECTIN FROM TARO (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA) P.R. Pereira, L.P. Gomes, C.S. Freitas, A.C.N.T.F. Corrêa, V.M.F. Paschoalin, F.B. Pinho, M.A. Vericimo and J.T. Silva Biquimica, UFRJ - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-mail: laidson_@hotmail.com Plants are a rich source of molecules that can mimic the function of cytokines and are potential candidates as immunotherapeutic drugs. Plant lectins, proteins or glycoproteins which bind specifically to mono- or oligosaccharides can be considered cytokine mimetic molecules. Tarin, a protein from the Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA)-related lectin family, was purified to homogeneity and retained its biological activity, as demonstrated by the stimulation of splenocyte proliferation. Tarin was also effective in stimulating myeloid and erythroid progenitor cell proliferation in vitro. Tarin showed an IL-3-like activity, stimulating the proliferation and survival of progenitor cells from the granulocyte lineage. In addition, tarin in the presence of IL-3 induced the development of burst-forming uniterythrocytes (BFU-E) corresponding to 50% of the basal level, mimicking the EPO effect. Besides the in vitro effects, tarin was also effective on in vivo proliferation when this lectin was administered intraperitoneally in 3 doses of 100 µg (days 0, 2 and 5) to immunocompromised mice (C57BL/6). The number of leucocytes and the hematocrit, analyzed on days 0, 5, 12 and 20, showed a faster and significant recovery on days 5 and 12, respectively. These results revealed a new immunomodulator candidate molecule. 122 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Keywords: Colocasia esculenta, immunomodulation, tarin. PO-52 Track: Other Areas GREEN SYNTHESIS AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CHITOSAN POLYMERS L. P. Gomes, E.M. Del Aguila, C.T. Andrade, J.T. Silva and V.M.F. Paschoalin Department of Biochemistry, UFRJ - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-mail: laidson_@hotmail.com Chitosan is a biopolymer with unique properties that make it useful for a wide variety of industrial applications. The properties of chitosan depend on several physical characteristics resulting from the treatments during their production. We describe the preparation and characterization of chito-oligosaccharides from crystalline shrimp chitin, by means of a sequential treatment using the purified forms of chitinases obtained from Vitis vinifera and recombinant chitin deacetylase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris. Grape chitinases were used to hydrolyze crystalline shrimp chitin at pH 3.0 or 6.0 and at different time intervals. The crystallinity index of the treated chitin ranged from 57.6% to 15.9%. The chito-oligosaccharides produced were subsequently deacetylated by the recombinant chitin deacetylase, and the deacetylation degrees (DA) of the produced oligomers were evaluated by FT-IR, showing DAs between 44.8% and 18.5%. The molecular weight (MW) distributions of the chito-oligosaccharides were determined by size exclusion chromatography, and the values ranged between 7,000 and 3,000. The enzyme sequential treatment produced chito-oligosaccharides with a low degree of acetylation following chitinase hydrolysis, indicating that the enzyme fragmented the chitin polymers, probably rupturing their crystalline structure and making the acetamide groups more accessible to subsequent deacetylation by chitin deacetylase. Keywords: Chitosan, XRD, SEC-HPLC, chitinase. PO-61 Track: Plant & Environment HAPLOID PLANT PRODUCTION FROM PEARL MILLET USING WIDE HYBRIDIZATION L. Gugsa, B. Haussmann, J. Kumlehn and A. Melchinger Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany; E-mail: lgugsa@yahoo.com Double haploid production system is one of the breeder’s strategies to shorten the breeding cycle for the release of new varieties. A wide hybridization program was conducted from 2011 to 2013 to determine the prospects for haploid production in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br.]. Initially, seven landraces and a male sterile line (MSL) were pollinated with two Maize (Zea mays L.), Triticale (Secale cereale L.) and Sorghum (Sorghum biclor L.) in the greenhouse. Later, we focused on crosses using the MSL and included the maize inducer line, RWS and 3 F1 hybrids obtained from it. Exogenous auxin (2,4-D) application for the pollinated heads supported growth of embryos although no plant was rescued from the cultured explants to overcome postzygotic barriers. Grains were harvested from the MSL after the wide crosses, while none were obtained from selfings. Depending on the pollinator species, the efficiency varied from 8.6 (Zea. mays) to 10.0 (Triticale) grains per pollinated panicle. Ploidy level and phenotypic character analysis were done using flow cytometry and under greenhouse condition respectively. 12 haploids and 43 diploids were obtained, the former being completely sterile and with inferior growth. Colchicine-mediated doubling of chromosomes for the rest putative haploids is underway. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 123 PO-72 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ANTI-DIABETIC PROPERTIES OF PHLOROTANNIN ISOLATED FROM BROWN ALGAE IN HUMAN UMBILICAL VEIN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS AND DIABETIC MICE Soo-Jin Heo, Bo-Ram Ye, Jiyi Jang, Young-Kyung Kwon, Ji Hyung Kim, Youngdeuk Lee, Su-Jin Lee, Chulhong Oh and Do-Hyung Kang Global Bioresources Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, South Korea; E-mail: sjheo@kiost.ac This study was designed to investigate whether diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) may have anti-diabetic properties by inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and alleviate postprandial hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. DPHC evidenced prominent inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase and α-amylase. High concentration of glucose (30 mM) treatment induced cytotoxicity whereas DPHC prevented cells from high glucose-induced damage; restoring cell viability was significantly increased. In addition, the lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS, and NO levels induced by high glucose treatment were effectively inhibited by addition of DPHC in a dose-dependent manner. DPHC also suppressed the over-expressions of iNOS and COX-2 proteins as well as NF-κB activation induced by high glucose in HUVECs. The increase of postprandial blood glucose levels were significantly suppressed in the DPHC administered group than those in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic or normal mice. Moreover, the area under curve (AUC) was significantly reduced via DPHC administration (2022 versus 2210 mmol·min/l) in the diabetic mice as well as it delays absorption of dietary carbohydrates. These finding indicate that DPHC might be used as potential pharmaceutical agent due to reduce the damage caused by high glucose-induced-oxidative stress associated with diabetes and inhibitory effect for α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Keywords: Diabetes, Phlorotannin, HUVECs, Postprandial hyperglycemia, Oxidative stress. PO-34 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDE 5''-TTTTGCCG-3'' FROM LACTOBACILLUS CASEI INHIBITS INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION Yukihiro Hiramatsu, Tomomitsu Satho, Keiichi Irie, Shota Shiimura Yukihiko Nakashima, Fumio Miake, Nick Carpnio, Nobuhiro Kashige Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Japan; E-mail: pd110509@cis.fukuoka-u.ac.jp Genomic DNA from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was identified as an anti-inflammatory component (Hiramatsu Y. et al., Microbes Infect. 2013;15(2):96-104). To analyze the anti-inflammatory effects of LAB genomic DNA in detail, we identified anti-inflammatory oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) within LAB genomic DNA by measuring the levels of inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-8, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Firstly, plasmids containing Lactobacillus casei genomic DNA nucleotide sequences were constructed and examined for inhibitory effects on H2O2-induced IL-8 secretion in Caco-2 cells. 14 Anti-inflammatory ODN was identified from high-frequency sequences in these plasmids with decreased H2O2-induced IL-8 secretion. Above all, ODN-7F (5'-TTTTGCCG-3') decreased H2O2-induced IL-8 secretion in a dose-dependent manner, and reduced LPS-induced COX-2 and iNOS expression. Furthermore, Oral administration of ODN-7F ameliorated dextran sodium sulfate-induced murine colitis and decreased levels of MIP-2, COX-2, and iNOS in the colon. In conclusion, we identified anti-inflammatory 14 ODN with previously unreported sequences from L. casei genomic DNA. In particular, the discovery of ODN-7F may lead to the development of therapeutic approaches to ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease. Keywords: Anti-inflammatory effect, Lactobacillus casei, oligodeoxynucleotide. 124 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-107 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology SYNTHESIS OF ECO-FRIENDLY SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING PLANT EXTRACTS AND ASSESSMENT OF THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY Mohamed M. Ibrahim, Amal A. Hazani, Afaf I. Shehata, Gehan A. EL-Gaaly, Abdulaziz Al-Jafari, Farid Ataya, Humaira Rizwana and Nadine M.S. Moubayed Botany and Microbiology department, Alexandria University, Egypt; E-mail: m_ibramim2004@yahoo.com Increasing interest for the biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles is under investigation due to their wide biomedical applications and research interest in nanotechnology. Mentha asiatica and Ocimum basilicum leaves extracts were used to evaluate their extra cellular potential synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their bactericidal impact on different kinds of pathogenic bacteria. UV-Visible spectroscopy was utilized to monitor the formation of silver nanoparticles. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis of the formed silver nanoparticles revealed spherical and cubical shapes structure with different planes ranged between 111 to 311 planes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the morphology of the nanoparticles obtained from plant extracts. The synthesized nanoparticles were found to be active against clinically isolated human pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Our work proffers an ecofriendly method for biogenic silver nanoparticles production. This could provide a faster synthesis rate comparable to those of chemical methods and potentially be used in areas such as food and medical applications. Keywords: Eco-friendly nanoparticles, Nanobiotechnology, XRD, SEM, Antimicrobial nanoparticles. PO-114 Track: Other Areas Rho-KINASE IS INVOLVED IN INORGANIC PHOSPHATE-INDUCED ERK1/2 ACTIVATION IN VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS Keisuke Ishizawa, Sakiko Doi, Yoshitaka Kihira, Yasumasa Ikeda, Koichiro Tsuchiya and Toshiaki Tamaki Institute of Health Bioscience, the University of Tokushima Graduate School, Japan; E-mail: ishizawa@tokushimau.ac.jp Arterial calcification is accompanied by several cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and renal failure. Osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) seems to play important role in vascular calcification. Recently, the involvement of rho-kinase in vascular calcification has been suggested, but the detail mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, we examined the effect of Y-27632, a rho-kinase inhibitor, on high inorganic phosphate (Pi)-induced calcification and intracellular signaling in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs). Extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 is known to mediate Pi-induced osteogenic responses via the phosphorylation of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). We confirmed the addition of Pi alone to culture media increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and calcium accumulation in RAMSCs in concentration-dependent manner. Y-27632 inhibited Pi-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and ALP activity, but not calcium accumulation in RASMCs. The stimulation by high concentration of Pi also induced cell death in RASMCs. Cotreatment with Y-27632 recovered Pi-exacerbated cell viability. From these results, it was suggested that rho-kinase was involved in Pi-induced ALP activation via ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Keywords: Vascular calcification, extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, Rho-kinase. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 125 PO-82 Track: Plant and Environment SEWAGE TREATMENT IN ANAEROBIC FLUIDIZED BED BIOREACTOR Kasturi Dutta, Ming-Yi Lee, Cheng-Fang Lin and Jih-Gaw Lin Institute of Environmental jglin@mail.nctu.edu.tw Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; E-mail: With worldwide increasing pressures on existing water resources due to increase in human population and activity, reuse and conservation of water resources assumes a very high priority. Municipal wastewater is a potential source of nutrients and energy. This research was aimed to develop a self-sufficient process for simultaneous treatment of municipal wastewater and generation of bioenergy. An anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor (AFBR) with granular activated carbon (GAC) as carrier media was set up for this purpose. The reactor was started up with synthetic wastewater containing non-fat dry milk as main source of COD. The reactor initially operated under batch mode for 30 days then shifted to continuous mode. The AFBR was successfully started up within 60 days of operation. More than 92% COD removal efficiency was achieved for an influent COD concentration of 750 mg/l and HRT of 6 h under steady state. Theoretically the methane production from removed COD was calculated to be 1.73 L/d, which can yield 0.308 kWh/m3 energy. However the energy consumption by pump was found to be 0.137 kWh/m3. This suggests that the process is a net energy producer. PO-32 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing OLIVE TREE PRUNINGS AS RAW MATERIAL FOR BIOETHANOL AND THERMAL ENERGY PRODUCTION Ana Requejo, Ana Ferrer, Alejandro Rodríguez, Zoilo González, Fátima Vargas and Luis Jiménez Chemical Engineering Department, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; E-mail: iq1jiall@uco.es For the use of olive tree prunings (abundant agricultural residue in various Mediterranean regions) is suggested its separation in a main fraction (trunks and stems with diameter > 1 cm) and another residual fraction (leaves and stems with diameter 1 < cm). The main fraction could be pulped with ethanol giving rise to a pulp which can be used in bioethanol production, by hydrolysis and fermentation. To avoid relevant concentrations of sugar-decomposition products (furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural) in the hydrolysis process is desirable to remove the hemicelluloses before the pulping through a hydrothermal treatment. In this way, the solid from hydrothermal treatment is enriched in α-cellulose, thus providing its transformation to bioethanol by simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation. The hydrothermal treatment used consist of mixing the main fraction of olive tree pruning with water (liquid/solid ratio = 8) and heat it to 196 °C; a solid fraction was obtained which was pulped to 185 °C using an ethanol concentration of 60% for 60 min, obtaining a pulp with a yield of 46.30% and a content of holocellulose, α-cellulose and lignin of 77.17%, 62.49% and 21.73%, respectively. This pulp converted into bioethanol (by simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation) achieved a conversion of 70 g bioethanol/g potential bioethanol. The residual fraction of olive tree prunings was subjected to a process of combustion to produce thermal energy. The heating value was 18700 kJ/kg, the flame temperature of 1094-2234 °C, and the dew point temperature of the flue gases of 47-53 °C. 126 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-87 Track: Plant and Environment A MUTAGENESIS-DERIVED BROAD-SPECTRUM QUALITY AND QUANTITY PROTEIN IN SPRING WHEAT S. Kenzhebayeva, R. Alybaeva, S. Atabayeva, G. Doktirbai, G. Kaldybekkyzyand S. Asrandina Department of Biotechnology, E-mail: kenzhebaevas@mail.ru Kazakh National University named by al-Farabi, Kazakhstan; Breeding for an increase in grain protein content (GPC) is difficult because the genetic variation for this character is small compared to variations caused by the environment, besides there is a negative correlation between GPC and grain yield. The narrow range of genetic variation in genes controlling GPC in cultivated wheat is presumably a main constraint for the improvement of this trait. We developed high-yielding potential more productive compared the parental cultivar on yield components M4 spring wheat mutant lines through gamma ray radiation by 100 Gy on an ionizing device (60Co gamma rays). The M4 lines №36(1), №24(1), №13(1), №24(2), 13(3), №4(4), №4(3) have enhanced GPC compared to the parental cultivar. Some of them are characterized by positive correlation of protein and grain yield per plant, number of grain per main spike, weight of grains per main spike. The determination of subunit composition of glutenin from mutagenesis-derived broad-spectrum GPC locus M4 lines using SDS-polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis shows higher amounts of HMW subunits. Keywords: Spring wheat, grain protein content, mutagenesis,glutenin. PO118? Track: Plant & Environment A NOVEL FILAMENTOUS CYANOBACTERIUM LEPTOLYNGBYA SP. KIOST-1 AS A POTENTIAL CANDIDATE FOR BIO-RESOURCE PRODUCTION Ji Hyung Kim, Seon-Mi Jeon, Jun Mo Lee, Se Chang Park, Soo-Jin Heo, Chulhong Oh and Do-Hyung Kang Global Bioresources Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Korea; E-mail: kzh81@kiost.ac In this study, we report a filamentous cyanobacterium that was isolated from the microalgae culture pond in Korea. Morphological analysis revealed that the non-motile filaments were composed of single trichomes that were typically consisting of cylindrical cells, and akinetes, false-branching, gas vacuoles, heterocysts or sheaths were not found from it. To determine the taxonomical position of the isolate, 16S rRNA and 16S-23S intergenic spacer (ITS) region sequences were obtained and compared with the GenBank database. The results revealed that the strain belonged to the genus Leptolyngbya and finally designated as Leptolyngbya sp. KIOST-1. To ascertain taxonomical position of the isolate, phylogenetic analysis were conducted using 16S rRNA and 16S-23S ITS sequences. The cellular components in the isolate were further investigated, and carbohydrate and lipid contents were estimated to be 24.50 ± 0.70% and 11.35 ± 0.47%, respectively. Additionally, its protein content was estimated to be 52.64 ± 0.12%, thus indicating that it is the major component in the lyophilized Leptolyngbya sp. KIOST-1 cells. Based on these results, the newly isolated Leptolyngbya sp. KIOST-1 might be considered as a potential candidate for bio-resource production, and further studies are currently in process to investigate the genome of the isolate. Keywords: Leptolyngbya sp. KIOST-1, cellular components, protein, bio-resource production. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 127 PO-23 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology PURIFICATION OF CLASS II HYDROPHOBINS USING A COST-EFFECTIVE METHOD Mohammad Reza Khalesi, Kurt Gebruers, Frank Delvigne, Peter Martin, Ivo Vankelecom and Guy Derdelinckx Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, BE-3001, Heverlee, Belgium; E-mail: Mohammadreza.Khalesi@biw.kuleuven.be Hydrophobin HFBII is a protein produced by Trichoderma reesei with a number of applications in food and Pharmaceutical industries. Production and purification of this protein is of critical issue for biotechnologists. The traditional method is producing the protein in fermentor and using chromatography to isolate the highly pure HFBII. This technique is however,expensive. To reduce the costs of purification, different pre-purification steps are suggested here. Extraction of the protein using CO2-foam-fractionation followed by nano-spray-drying results in the powder containing low pure HFBII. Thereafter, the powder was added to a decantor filled by sparkling water and due to the nano-bomb theory (Deckers et al., 2012), the CO2 molecules and hydrophobins create nanobubbles with a diameter of 100nm at atmospheric pressure.These nanobubbles concentrate at the top of the liquid. The upper phase was separated and mixed with an organic solvent (2:1). Since hydrophobins are biosurfactant,they migrate to the interface of the liquids. The interface was collected and kept for further analysis with liquid chromatography. To increase the recovery of the process, the decantor was washed with ethanol (60%) and directed to the chromatography. The chromatogram of the latter showed that the recovered HFBII is highly pure sample. For the first time, a hydrophobin HFBII with a purity of 27% in a powdery form after nano-spray-drying process was obtained. PO-45 Track: Others – Areas BRUCELLA IMMUNOGENIC STRUCTURE BP26 FORMS A HEXADECAMERIC CHANNEL-LIKE Daegeun Kim, Jihye Park, Soo Jin Kim, Young-min Soh, Ho min Kim, Byung-Ha Oh and Ji-Joon Song Department of Biological sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), South Korea; E-mail: epigenetics@kaist.ac.kr Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease caused by Brucella species, which results in significant reduction of fertility in cattle and chronic infection in human. Therefore, brucellosis specific and rapid diagnostic methods are needed. An outer membrane protein BP26/OMP28 of Brucella, BP26 is identified as a major immuno-dominant antigen, and widely used as a diagnostic marker and for vaccination against Brucellosis. BP26 belongs to the family of proteins that contains a SIMPL domain, whose structure and function have been unknown. Here, we present the crystal structure of BP26 revealing that sixteen BP26 molecules form a novel channel-like assembly as also shown by electron microscopy analysis. Eight BP26 molecules forming a ring structure contain a hole at the center of the octamer, and another octamer interacts with each other to form a channel having a large internal cavity. BP26 is found to be structurally similar to a bacterio-phage protein involved in infection, implicating that BP26 might function during Brucella infection. In addition, the BP26 structure suggests that the protein functions as a multimeric channel-like form, and provides a canonical model for the SIMPL domains. Finally, this structural information of BP26 can provide the basis for diagnosis of brucellosis. Keywords: Brucellosis, BP26 strucutre, diagnosis, SIMPL domain. 128 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-36 Track: Other Areas THE OPTIMUM CONDITION FOR AMYLOLYTIC ENZYMES PRODUCTION IN A SUBMERGED CO-CULTURE OF ASPERGILLUS ORYZAE AND RHIZOPUS ARRHIZUS Jun Konomi, Junko Ninomiya and Hiroshi Morita Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Kitakyushu University, Japan; E-mail: t2mab007@eng.kitakyu-u.ac.jp Amylolytic enzymes, such as glucoamylase and α-amylase which primarily convert starch into glucose are widely used Japanese fermentation industries such as sake, soy sauce and miso manufacturing. In sake brewing, amylolytic enzymes production using filamentous fungas Aspergillus oryzae is usually carried out in a solid culture system because Aspergillus oryzae produces large amounts of enzymes in solid-state fermentation. However, submerged cultures are advantageous than solid cultures because they allow the components of the medium to be controlled easily. In this study, we investigated the effect of medium composition for amylolytic enzymes productivity in a novel submerged culture system. Filamentous fungi, Aspergillus oryzae (HI-G) and Rhizopus arrhizus P20 were used as amylolytic enzymes producing organism. The basal medium was modified SLS medium that was composed of ;1 g of rice for sake brewing, 4.3 g of CH3COONH4, 1 g of K2HPO, 0.5 g of MgSO4, 1 g of KCl, 0.01 g of FeSO4, 0.003 g of ZnSO4, 0.21 g of CaCl2, 3.3 g of Citric acid. Cultivation was carried out 30 for 96 h on an incubatory shake at 200 rpm. In addition, The effect of carbon and nitrogen source for amylolytic enzymes productivity was investigated. The maximum enzymes activity was obtained when initial maltose and CH3COONH4 concentration was 3 % (w/v) and 1.29 % (w/v), respectively. Under these cultivation conditions, the cell concentration was 0.62 g/100 ml, and glucoamylase and α-amylase activities were 675 U/ml and 4.68 U/ml, respectively. These results indicated that it is possible to brew sake by a submerged co-culture system. Keywords: Mylolytic enzymes, submerged co-culture system, Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus arrhizus PO-33 Track: Medical Biotechnology QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF ENDOGENOUS ESTROGENS AND ESTROGEN METABOLITES IN URINE SAMPLE FROM ENDOMETRIAL CANCER PATIENTS AND HEALTHY WOMEN BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY WITH HF-LPME Li Li, Jun Zhang, Huanhuan Zhao and Ye Jiang Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The 4th Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; E-mail: lily_lucky1@yahoo.com Objective: Increased levels of endogenous estrogens and their metabolites are one of the well known risk factors of endometrial cancer. The aim of study is to assess the potential effect of estrogens and their metabolites on the endometrial carcinogenesis. Low content of estrogen metabolites in urine make it difficult to measure them. Methods: There was a rapid, sensitive, specific and accurate LC-MS method, with hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) as enriched pretreatment, was developed for the simultaneously quantification of estrogens and their metabolites in the urine samples of 32 female endometrial cancer patients and 32 female healthy controls, Each group including 16 premenopausal female and 16 postmenopausal female. Results: The levels of estrogens were found to be some different between the endometrial cancer patients and controls. The level of 4-OHE2 was elevated in patients than that in the controls, while the levels of 2-MeOE1 and 2-MeOE2 were reduced in the endometrial cancer group. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 129 Conclusions: The result of the study elucidates the unbalance of estrogen metabolite with endometrial carcinogenesis and the elevation of 4-OHE2 may be used as potential biomarker for the assessment of estrogen-induced endometrial cancer risk. Keywords: Estrogens, 4-hydroxyestradiol, 2-methoxyestradiol, Endometrial cancer, LC-MS. PO-90 Track: Plant & Environment HETEROTROPHIC AND MIXOTROPHIC CONDITIONS FOR EFFICIENT GROWTH OF GREEN AND RED MICROALGAE IN STIRRED BIOREACTORS S. Lickova, F. Weiss, P. Pribyl, K. Melzoch, K. Kovar, and G. Steinfeld Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Grüental, CH-8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland, e-mail: lack@zhaw.ch Microalgae comprise a diverse group of eukaryotic photosynthetic microorganisms that represent sources of potentially high-value compounds. However, in contrast to terrestrial or aquatic plants with compact biomass, the recovery of unicellular microalgae from natural habitats of microbial consortia is difficult. Harvesting of concentrated monocultures from bioreactors would be advantageous, but experience in growing microalgae efficiently, in a conventional bioreactor is scarce, and thus, the supply of microalgal biomass for bioactivity-screening is currently limited to a few well-studied species. Until now, the green microalga Micractinium pusillum had not been grown successfully in a stirred (and sterilized) bioreactor. Following its extensive axenisation, this species was therefore studied under various conditions and culture modes. The cells grew under photoautotrophic conditions but also utilized glycerol or glucose, either in the dark or when illuminated, under heterotrophic or mixotrophic conditions respectively. The highest specific growth rate of (0.032 ± 0.005) h-1 was achieved with glucose and simultaneous light exposure. Mixotrophic conditions also promoted the synthesis of photoaccessory pigments in the red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria, where their formation was stimulated by light, and cell proliferation was tightly controlled at a specific growth rate by continuous addition of growth-limiting amounts of an organic carbon source. PO-116 Track: Industrial and manufacturing DEVELOPMENT OF SYMBIOTIC HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE PHOTOBIOREACTOR FOR MICROALGAL GROWTH AND BACTERIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT Khanh Linh Vu Tran and Kai-Chee Loh Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; E-mail: chelohkc@nus.edu.sg A symbiotic hollow fiber membrane phobioreactor (HFMP) for microalgal growth and bacterial wastewater treatment has been developed. This system uses a gas exchange membrane to physically separate microalgal and bacterial cultures and to facilitate CO2 and O2 transfer. Through photosynthetic oxygenation, the HFMP allowed reduced energy cost for mechanical aeration in an activated sludge process and eliminated atmospheric CO2 emission. Microalgal biomass obtained from the HFMP could be used as sources of food, feed or other high-value compounds. Two configurations of the HFMP were investigated. In the first, bacterial culture was circulated in the lumen and microalgal culture in the shell of the HFMP. Results indicated that in the absence of external O2 and CO2 supply, microalgae grew effectively while bacteria were able to degrade 70-90% of glucose in synthetic wastewater. In the second, bacterial culture was circulated 130 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 in the shell and microalgal culture in the lumen. This allowed significant improvement in performance - glucose was totally degraded within an 8h cycle and 66% higher microalgae concentration was achieved. Doubling the number of fibers enhanced glucose uptake rate of bacteria by 30%, without significant increase in microalgal concentration. PO-117 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing IMMOBILIZED-CELL HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR TO OVERCOME INHIBITORS IN LIGNOCELLULOSE HYDROLYSATE FOR BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION Duong Thi-Thuy Nguyen and Kai-Chee Loh Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; E-mail: chelohkc@nus.edu.sg One of the major challenges in commercial production of lignocellulosic bioethanol is the inhibitors formed during thermo-chemical pretreatment of biomass. These inhibitors are toxic to microorganisms during fermentation resulting in reduced ethanol yield and productivity. Vacuum evaporation, ion exchange resins, overliming, enzyme detoxification and activated charcoal are currently used to remove inhibitors from hydrolysate prior to fermentation. These methods are energy intensive, complicated, produce by-products and are often only able to remove one group of inhibitors. An Immobized-Cell Hollow Fiber Membrane Bioreactor (IHFMB) which can alleviate inhibitory compounds in the fermentation hydrolysate has been developed. Baseline study with free suspension fermentations showed that cells were unable to produce bioethanol in the presence of mixed common inhibitors of vanillin, syringaldehyde, coniferyl aldehyde and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural at concentrations of 0.5 g/L. The IHMBR showed success in fermenting 20g/L of glucose into bioethanol in the presence of 0.5g/L of mixed inhibitors during 9h fermentation and 99% of theoretical ethanol yield. Doubling the packing density showed a 74% increase in ethanol productivity, while doubling flowrate showed a 24% increase in ethanol productivity. Sustainability experiment showed that IHMBR remained stable for 20 batches over 240 hours. PO-2 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology THE WAR ON VACCINATIONS: CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT VERSUS PUBLIC PERIL Ashley J. Lynch and Michael P. Accordino Springfield College, Springfield, alynch@springfieldcollege.edu Massachusetts, USA; Email: Vaccinations remain one of the most effective disease prevention interventions that public health in the United States has produced. However, current immunization requirements at the state level are inconsistent and vary significantly from mandatory to voluntary. On one side of the issue, economic Ashley J. Lynch and social disruption would erupt concerning these inconsistencies in the case Michael P. Accordino of a bioterroristic attack. On the other side, it is a bioethical dilemma as to whether physicians have the right to screen out patients who have refused vaccinations in the past. As the result of media fostered controversy, the prevalence of pediatric vaccine refusals has significantly increased over the past decade. Accordingly, parents, in particular, are concerned for the well-being and safety of their children. The battle lines have been drawn between constitutional right and public peril. The purpose of this poster is to inform decision makers and the following questions will be addressed: 1. Can a country’s government risk an epidemic in order to respect patient World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 131 choice? 2. Who has the final say over who gets vaccinated and who does not - the government or the individual citizen? 3. Are mandatory vaccinations a valid part of the war on terrorism? PO-113 Track: Medical Biotechnology INITIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AN AUTOCLAVED TOXOPLASMA VACCINE IN MICE M.M. Eissa, M.Z. El-Azzouni, R.F. Mady, F.M. Fathy and N.M. Baddour Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt; E-mail: roshykareem@yahoo.com Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic protozoal disease that has a major significance from the perspectives of public health and veterinary medicine. Therefore, an obvious long-term goal of many scientists would be the development of an effective vaccine. In this study, autoclaved vaccine was evaluated for its ability to protect mice against Toxoplasma gondii RH challenge as an acute infection model. Results showed that autoclaved Toxoplasma vaccine (ATV) when combined with BCG as an adjuvant was effective in triggering cell mediated immunity as shown by a significant increase in the percentage of splenic CD8+ T-lymphocytes. Following challenge, death of mice vaccinated with ATV was delayed for nine days. There was a significant decrease in parasite density in different organs, and a marked reduction of pathological changes in the liver suggesting that significant immune responses were mounted following vaccination. Future studies are warranted to test the vaccine against challenge with brain cysts as a chronic infection model and to evaluate it with other recent immunization strategies that can further enhance its immunogenicity. PO-96 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing EFFECTS OF GLYCEROL CONCENTRATION AND MEDIUM OXYGENATION ON THE GROWTH OF ENTEROBACTER AEROGENES V. Girardi, B. Barsé, C. Hartmann, G.S. Griggio, L.L. Beal, A.P.R. Torres, M.P. Souza, S. Carra, E. Malvessi, and MM.m. Silveira Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil; E-mail: emalvess@ucs.br Hydrogen is highly energetic fuel that can be produced by fermentation of glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel synthesis. The production of H2 by the facultative anaerobe bacterium Enterobacter aerogenes includes a first step in which cell growth occurs. Thus, the aim of this work was to assess the effects of glycerol concentration and oxygenation on the growth of E. aerogenes ATCC 13048. The tests were carried out in 500mL shaken flasks, at 37°C and pH 6.5. In tests with 100mL of medium containing initial glycerol concentrations (S0) from 20 to 100g/L, at 120 and 300rpm, the maximum cell concentration - Xm=4.1g/L - was achieved with S0=60g/L and 300rpm. Under these conditions, decreasing average cell growth rates - dX/dtav from 0.35 to 0.030g/L/h -between 0 and 15h, and cell yields - YX/S from 0.207 to 0.037g/g were measured as S0 was increased. The results for dX/dtav indicate the occurrence of substrate inhibition, whereas those for YX/S suggest the transition from respiratory to fermentative metabolism. This last assumption was confirmed in further experiments with 80 to 200mL of medium (S0=60g/L), at 300rpm, in which a Xm of 5.3g/L was attained with the lowest volume due to the more efficient oxygen supply. Keywords: Enterobacter aerogenes, glycerol, cell growth, oxygen supply, fermentative metabolism. 132 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-95 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing BIOPRODUCTION OF LACTOBIONIC ACID AND SORBITOL BY FREE AND IMMOBILIZED CELLS OF ZYMOMONAS MOBILIS Sabrina Carra, Leonardo Guimarães de Almeida, Adriana Del Carmen Escalona Gower, Eloane Malvessi and Mauricio Moura da Silveira Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil; E-mail: emalvess@ucs.br Glucose-fructose oxidoreductase and glucono--lactonase, periplasmic enzymes of Zymomonas mobilis, catalyze the equimolar conversion of lactose and fructose to lactobionic acid (LA) and sorbitol, respectively. These products have important applications in pharmaceutical and food industries. Immobilized Z. mobilis cells are used to allow reuse of the biocatalyst, to increase the stability of enzymes and to simplify downstream processing. The aim of this work was to assess the bioproduction of LA by free and calcium-alginate immobilized cells of Z. mobilis, and the purification of this product. The experiments were done in a 400-mL stirred reactor, in 200mL of medium containing 0.7moL/L of lactose, 0.6mol/L of fructose and 20g/L of previously cultivated and CTAB-permeabilized cells, at pH 6.4 and 39°C. The maximum specific product formation rate with immobilized cells - 0.78g/g/h - was less than that measured with free cells - 1.9g/g/h - because the support acts as barrier to mass transport. Subsequently, it was noticed that the immobilized system presented a higher stability and so identical productivities - 7.4g/L/h - were achieved for both conditions. Sodium lactobionate was precipitated with ethanol and converted to LA by ion exchange chromatography. The final product, with purity over 99%, presented physical-chemical characteristics which are in conformity with the European Pharmacopoeia standards. Keywords: lactobionic acid, Zymomonas mobilis, separation, purification, free and immobilized cells. PO-43 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing BIOSYNTHESIS OF BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS BY RECOMBINANT BURKHOLDERIA SACCHARI FROM GLUCOSE AND ORGANIC ACIDS Thatiane Teixeira Mendonça, Rafaela R. Tavares, Lucas Garbini Cespedes, José Gregório Cabrera Gomez, Maria Paula Padilla Marilda Keico Taciro, Luiziana Ferreira da Silva University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 1374 Butantã Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas II São Paulo - SP CEP 05508-000, Brazil; E-mail: thatianemendonca@usp.br Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are polyesters produced by bacteria from renewable carbon sources, being industrially interesting due to their elastomeric and thermoplastic properties and biodegradability. Burkholderia sacchari is a bacterial strain isolated from Brazilian soil, which accumulates high amounts of PHA. This microorganism produces copolymers combining monomers of short- and medium-chain length. That combination results on polymers whose properties are different from the pure monomer ones and are suitable for a wide range of applications. With the aim of producing these copolymers, B. sacchari recombinants were constructed by expressing the genes of the biosynthetic operon of PHA from Aeromonas in a phaC mutant of B. sacchari. Recombinants were subjected to accumulation experiments supplied with glucose (10 g.l-1) and organic acids (1 g.l-1). When butyric or octanoic acids were offered, only 3HB monomers were produced, by both recombinants. From valeric acid, P(3HB-co-3HV) containing 19 and 48 mol% of 3HV was accumulated by recombinants harboring phaPCJ and phaCJ, respectively. Also from hexanoic acid, P(3HB-co-3HHx) with 14 mol% of 3HHx was accumulated by strain containing phaPCJ, and 7 mol% by that harboring phaCJ. Heptanoic acid as a co-substrate promoted the production of terpolymers composed by (P3HB-co-34mol%3HVco-3.9mol%3HHp) for recombinants phaPCJ and (P3HB-co-41mol%3HV-co-0.9mol%3HHp) by that containing phaCJ. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 133 Keywords: Biodegradable plastics, polyhydroxyalkanoates, Burkholdderia sacchari, recombinant, organic acids. PO-17 Track: Other Areas THE EFFECT OF AMMONIUM ACETATE FOR GLUCOAMYLASE PRODUCTION IN SUBMERGED CO-CULTURE SYSTEM Saki Mikai, Takahiro Sato, Jun Konomi and Hiroshi Morita Faculty of Environmental Engineering, University of Kitakyusyu, Japan; E-mail: u3mab007@eng.kitakyu-u.ac.jp Glucoamylase (GA) is important for the commercial production of glucose. Filamentous fungi can be used in solid-state fermentation to produce large amounts of GA by using wheat or rice bran as substrates. This method of producing GA is superior to the production of GA from Aspergillus niger in submerged cultures. In addition, mixed culture systems with fungi and bacteria, each organism modulates the growth and production of metabolites of the other. In this study, we investigated the effect of ammonium acetate for GA production in a novel submerged co-culture system of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NBRC 14141 and Rhizopus cohnii P5. The method of co-culture system was as follows; first, 1ml of B. amyloliquefaciens cell suspension was added to the basal medium and cultured for 0, 24, or 48 h, then, the co-culture was started by inoculating this culture with R. cohnii spores and adding aqueous ammonium acetate. Cultivation was incubated at 30 and 200 rpm for 120 h. In addition, dry mycelial weight of R. cohnii was determined according to the method of Morita et al. [1]. The concentration of B. amyloliquefaciens cells in liquid medium was quantified by counting the number of colonies on the nutrient agar plate after incubation at 30 for 24 h. The maximum GA activity (740 U/ml) was obtained when B. amyloliquefaciens was precultured for 24 h followed by inoculation with R. cohnii in the presence of 3.84 % (w/v) of ammonium acetate. These results indicated that GA can be produced at high levels from gelatinized rice flour by using a submerged co-culture system. Keywords: glucoamylase production, submerged co-culture system, ammonium acetate. Reference [1] H. Morita, K. Mizuno, M. Matsunaga, Y. Fujio; Raw starch-digesting glucoamylase production of Rhizopus sp. MKU40 using a metal-ion regulated liquid medium. J. Appl. Glycosci., 46, 15-21 (1999). PO-50 Track: Regenerative Medicine BIOMIMICRY OF THE STRUCTURES AND TEMPOROSPATIAL PATTERNS OF LIVING TISSUES Silvia Minardi, Monica Sandri, S.M. Zahangir Khaled, Jonathan O. Martinez, Joseph Fernandez-Moore, Ennio Tasciotti and Anna Tampieri Bioceramics and Bio-hybrid Composites, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics - National Research Council of Italy, Italy; E-mail: sminardi@tmhs.org Biomimicry of the natural structures, functions and mechanisms of tissues is a successful strategy in regenerative medicine. To reach this goal, we developed biologically inspired materials mimicking the chemical, physical and morphological cues of the natural extracellular matrix of (i) bone, (ii) osteochondral region and (iii) fascia. For each of these tissues we fabricated a biomimetic scaffold: (i) magnesium-hydroxyapatite/collagen 70/30 wt% composite; (ii) multilayered collagen-based composite characterized by a mineralization gradient; (iii) elastin-doped collagen meshes. 134 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 The scaffolds were also engineered with nanostructured silicon particles (pSi), encapsulated in PLGA microspheres (PLGA-pSi). The integration of PLGA-pSi in the collagen matrix of the scaffolds enabled a triple control over the temporal release kinetics of specific growth factors, while its 3D distribution allowed the control of their spatial patterns. Precise regulation of the concentration and distribution of biochemical stimuli showed to be crucial in enhancing the signaling capability of the engineered scaffolds on stem cells fate.The ultimate goal of our investigation is to mimic the main steps of the natural healing process, controlling the temporal and spatial in vivo formation of chemical and biochemical gradients. Keywords: Biomaterials, biomineralization, delivery system, tissue engineering. PO-83 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing DE NOVO BIOSYNTHETIC PATHWAY DESIGN FOR BIO-BASED INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL PRODUCTION: A BIOINFORMATICS APPROACH Mohd Shahir Shamsir and Bashir S. Mienda Faculty of Biosciences bsmienda@gmail.com & Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia; E-mail: As the field of synthetic biology is gaining a remarkable prominence in industrial biotechnology, the prospects for de novo design of biosynthetic pathways is indeed, becoming more and more realistic. Novel metabolic pathway design and strain engineering is the key element in constructing robust microbial chemical factories within the constraints of cost effective production. Hence, there is an increasing need for computational tools that can substantiate these significant advances. Sketchy advances have been seen in the range of algorithms that were developed which can be used to identify some metabolic pathways and equally their respective enzymatic parts. The predicted pathways generated could be ranked according to various properties and modelled in an organism specific context. Here we briefly discuss how the development of some key computational tools currently available for pathway construction such as Biochemical Network Integrated Computational Explorer (BNICE), DESHARKY, Retropath, OptStrain and the likes, could facilitate the revolution in industrial biotechnology sector. We further briefly highlights how recent technological achievements contribute to the development of novel cell factories for the production of bio-based chemical compounds and/or therapeutics. Keywords: De novo biosynthetic pathways, Bio-based chemicals, Cell factories, DESHARKY and Retropath. PO-35 Track: Other Areas THE APPLICATION OF BAMBOO POWDERS AS FOOD MATERIALS IN BREAD-MAKING Yoshiaki Morinaga, Keisuke Nagata, Kishou Karakawa and Hiroshi Morita Faculty of Environmental Engineering, University of Kitakyushu, Japan; E-mail: u3mab012@eng.kitakyu-u.ac.jp In recent years, dietary fiber has been reviewed from the fact that there is a growing interest in health in Europe and the United States. "Fiber breads" are usually made with whole wheat or whole grains and are enriched with extra fiber in the form of wheat bran, oat bran, soy or seeds. Dry bamboo culms (Phyllostachys pubescens) contain dietary fiber of 94.2g per 100g. In this study, we attempt to application of bamboo culms as food materials in bread-making. Bread dough was consisted of 100 g of flour with the addition of bamboo powder with different grain size, 5 g of suger , 1.7 g of solt , 1.7 g of dry yeast, 68 ml of water and 5 g of salt-free butter. Bamboo powders that grain size is 153.8 μm (bamboo powder A), 53.6 μm (bamboo powder B) and 28.4 μm (bamboo powder C) were used. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 135 The physical properties and sensory characteristics were measured according to the methods of Baker's Yeast by Japan Yeast Industry Association. We measured a difference in expansion ability and leaving power for the amount and grain size of bamboo powder. In expansion ability test, bread dough was risen 30 and 85 % of humidity on an incubator. First rising time is 60 min, second and third rising time is 40 min. In leaving power test, bread dough divided into 50-g portions was risen to shaking on conical flask. The condition is 30 of water temperature, 4.5 cm of amplitude, 100 times per 1 min of shaking frequency. Leaving power was determined by measuring gas yield per 20 min and the total gas volume for 2 hours. In any grain size of bamboo powder, expansion ability didn't change significantly until the addition 10 % but decreased markedly as addition more than 20%. Also, expansion ability tended to decrease with increasing additive amount of bamboo powder on more than 20%. Leavening power didn''t change significantly at any grain size and additive amount of bamboo powder. Keywords: Fiber bread, bamboo powder. PO-53 Track: Medical Biotechnology TUMOR VASCULAR TARGETING USING ANTI-ROBO4 CELL-INTERNALIZING MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY THAT IS ISOLATED VIA PHAGE DISPLAY-BASED SCREENING SYSTEM Yohei Mukai, Mai Yoshikawa, Yoshiaki Okada, Shin-ichi Tsunoda, Yasuo Tsutsumi, William C. Aird, Yasuo Yoshioka, Naoki Okada, Takefumi Doi and Shinsaku Nakagawa Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; E-mail: y-mukai@nibio.go.jp Antibody moieties of antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) against cancers must be able to enter into the target cells because most anti-cancer drugs are active only in cytoplasm. Isolating potent cell-internalizing mAbs, however, is a time-consuming task in the development of ADCs. Here we describe a phage display-based high-throughput screening system using a protein synthesis inhibitory factor (PSIF) as an efficient method for screening cell-internalizing mAbs. We simultaneously examined the cell-internalizing activities of several hundred independent mAbs, and successfully isolated cell-internalizing mAbs against the tumor endothelial markers Roundabout homolog 4 (Robo4) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). Tumor accumulation of mAbs with high cell-internalizing activity was significantly higher than that of mAbs with low cell-internalizing activity. Furthermore, the anti-tumor effects of ADCs comprising mAbs with high cell-internalizing activity were significantly stronger than those of mAbs with low cellinternalizing activity. Anti-VEGFR2 therapy led to a significant body weight loss, whereas anti-Robo4 therapy did not. These findings indicate that cell-internalizing activity is important for the biodistribution and therapeutic effects of ADCs. Further, Robo4 can be an effective marker for targeting tumor vasculature. Reference Yoshikawa M & Mukai Y et.al., Blood. 2013 in press. 136 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-1 Track: Medical Biotechnology SYNTHESIS OF PLANT CONSTITUENTS IN ANIMAL CELLS Hoyoku Nishino Cancer Control Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine & Ritsumeikan University Japan; E-mail: cha‐nishino@nifty.com Plant constituents are possible to produce in animal cells by transfection of plant genes. For example, we have shown previously that phytoene, a carotenoid precausor in plant, is possible to produce in HIH3T3 cells by transfection of phytoene synthase gene. (Satomi Y, Yoshida T, Aoki K, Misawa N, Masuda M, Murakoshi M, Takasuka N, Sugimura T, and Nishino H: Production of phytoene, an oxidative stress protective carotenoid, in mammalian cells by introduction of phytoene synthase gene crtB isolated from bacterium Erwinia uredovora. Proc. Japan Acad., 71 Ser.B, 236-240, 1995). Recently, we have also reported that limonene is possible to produce in animal cells (Satomi Y, Ohara K, Yazaki K, Ito M, Honda G, and Nishino H: Production of the monoterpene limonene and modulation of apoptosis-related proteins in NIH3T3 cells by introduction of the limonene synthase gene isolated from the plant Schizonepeta tenuifolia. Biotechnol Appl Biochem., 52, 185-190, 2009). On the one hand, animal constituents may also be possible to produce in plant cells, although we have not demonstrated this kind of example yet. Anyway, this direction of biotechnology may be useful in the field of food science, medical science, and so on. I would like to discuss in this congress about the possible applications in this field. Keyword: Synthesis of plant constituents in animal cells. PO-123 Track: Other Areas SURFACE MODIFICATION OF TiO2 FOR ANTIHSA CONJUGATION Zoltán Nagy, András Pungor, Dávid Nyul and István Bányai Department of Colloid and Environmental Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; E-mail: nagy.zoltan@science.unideb.hu In this paper we present our results on the modification of the self-stabilized TiO2 nanoparticle surface for antibody conjugation. Silane compounds with different length of alkyl chains were used as a linker for covalent binding of biotin derivatives. The synthesis were performed in different media to optimize the conditions for higher surface activity. The Human Serum Albumin Antibody (anti-HSA) is to be linked to the biotinated nanoparticles for albumin binding with high selectivity in chromatographic applications. Keywords: Nanoparticles, antibody conjugation, proteomics. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 137 PO-56 Track: Plant and Environment TRANSGENIC RICE SEED SYNTHESIZING DIVERSE FLAVONOIDS AT HIGH LEVELS; A NEW PLATFORM FOR FLAVONOID PRODUCTION WITH ASSOCIATED HEALTH BENEFITS Yuko Ogo, Kenjiro Ozawa, Tsutomu Ishimaru, Tsugiya Murayama and Fumio Takaiwa Functional Transgenic Crops E-mail: ogogogo@affrc.go.jp Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Japan; Flavonoids possess diverse health-promoting benefits but are nearly absent from rice, because most of the genes encoding enzymes for flavonoid biosynthesis are not expressed in rice seeds. In the present study, a transgenic rice plant producing several classes of flavonoids in seeds was developed by introducing multiple genes encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid synthesis, from phenylalanine to the target flavonoids, into rice. Rice accumulating naringenin were developed by introducing phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS) genes. Rice producing other classes of flavonoids, kaempferol, genistein and apigenin, were developed by introducing, together with PAL and CHS, genes encoding flavonol synthase/flavanone-3-hydroxylase, isoflavone synthase and flavone synthases, respectively. The seed specific promoters were used to express these biosynthetic genes in seed. The target flavonoids were highly accumulated in each transgenic rice, respectively. The flavonoids accumulated as both aglycones and several types of glycosides, and flavonoids in the endosperm were deposited into PB-II-type protein bodies. Therefore, these rice seeds provide an ideal platform for the production of particular flavonoids due to efficient glycosylation, the presence of appropriate organelles for flavonoid accumulation and the small effect of endogenous enzymes on the production of flavonoids by exogenous enzymes. Keywords: Flavonoids, rice. PO-58 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF AN EFFECTIVE SCREENING METHOD BASED ON A MICROWELL PLATE FOR MICROBES PRODUCING CELLULASE AND XYLANASE Young-Kyung Kwon, Chulhong Oh, Ji Hyung Kim, Soo-Jin Heo and Do-Hyung Kang Global Cioresources Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, South Korea; E-mail: och0101@kiost.ac In this study, we developed an efficient screening method for microbes secreting cellulase and xylanase by applying the modified 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method on a 96 microwell plate. Seawater and groundwater-based medium was used to culture marine and terrestrial microbial samples, respectively. Initial culture was carried out on agar plates containing both cellulose and xylan as substrates. Then pure colonies were isolated and subcultured in broth medium containing cellulose and xylan substrate as well as yeast extract. The supernatants of broth culture were tested with our modified DNS screening method in a 96 microwell-plate, total reaction volume being 200 μl. In addition, stability and reliability of glucose and xylose standards, which are used to determine the enzymatic activity, at reaction temperature of 100 oC in dry oven was studied for different time intervals. It was concluded that the minimum incubation time required for stable color development is 20 min. With this novel method, we successfully screened 21 cellulaseproducing microbes and 31 xylanase-producing microbes from total of 116 selected strains in a single experimental trial. Among the strains, 19 of them showed both cellulase and xylanase activity. Keywords: Microbes, screening, cellulase, xylanase, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid. 138 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-59 Track: Plant & Environment SCREENING OF ACTINOMYCETES FROM SAUDI ARABIA FOR ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES Ranaa Mujamammi, Islem Abid, Ismet Ara, Monerah Al Othman and Muneera D.F. Alkahtani Botany and Microbiology Department, Science College, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; Email: MALOTHMAN@KSU.EDU.SA Actinomycetes are a group of gram-positive bacteria which are extremely useful for the pharmaceutical industry due to their seemingly unlimited capacity to produce secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities and chemical structure. This study was performed to isolate actinomycetes colonies having antibacterial and antifungal activities from soil samples collected from 5 different agricultural soil of Jazan region, situated in the south-west of Saudi Arabia. Sixty nine actinomycete colonies were isolated in pure culture using tap water agar medium. The isolates were grouped in eight color series based on their aerial mycelia color and screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against a range of test bacteria and pathogenic fungi. Six isolates (8.69%) were found to have high activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria besides to seven plant and human pathogenic fungi. Isolated strains were identified by 16S rDNA sequence analysis and by Scan Electron Microscope and were found to concern the genus Streptomyces. These results support that streptomycetes have been investigated predominantly as biocontrol agents, since they are frequently and easily isolated, and their antibiotics production arouses significant commercial interest. Since the isolates showed inhibitory activity against indicator bacteria and fungi, it is suggestive that Saudi Arabian soil could be an interesting source to explore for antibacterial, antifungal and antitumoral secondary metabolites. Keywords: Actinomycetes, antibacterial, pathogenic fungi, Streptomyces. PO-55 Track: Plant and Environment REMOVAL OF METAL FROM ACID MINE DRAINAGE (AMD) BY HYBRID SYSTEM INCLUDING MICROALGAE REACTOR Hyun Shik Yun, Kyung Guen Song, Jaeyoung Choi and Young-Tae Park Environmental Remediation Lab, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 290 Daejeon-dong, Gangneung Gangwon-do, Gangneung, South Korea; Email: pyt1017@kist.re.kr In this present study, a PIMR (Pipes inserted microalgae reactor) containing pretreatment system including Ca & Mg was developed and employed for microalgae remediation for heavy metals. The pretreatment system could reduce the initial high concentrations of Fe and Mn released from AMD and served to supply into the PIMR. The hybrid system combined with pretreatment system and PIMR could enhance the reduction of heavy metal in AMD and provide an economic means of improving bioremediation for enhancing microalgae production. The study concludes that PIMR was developed and operated for microalgae cultivation, The pipes in PIMR served to delivery light deeper into the photobioreactor and distribute light to microalgae. And PIMR could be used as an efficient reactor for the removal of iron from AMD and cultivation of microaglae. Batch studies showed that this reactor and microalgae can adsorb iron with an uptake of 63.21+9.8mg/L iron. Continuous studies also prove that PIMR can maintain to remediation of metal and cultivation of microalgae. Keywords: Pipes inserted microaglae reactor(PIMR), Acid mine drainagae(AMD), Microalgae, Cultivation. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 139 PO-98 Track: Medical Biotechnology DETECTION AND GENOTYPING OF HUMAN ROTAVIRUS VP4 AND VP7 GENES BY REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE PCR IN SOUTHERN, BRAZIL Suelen Paesi, Veridiana Munford, Guilherme Guzzo, Denise Zampieri, Felipe Da Luz, Flaviane Magrini and Maria-Lucia Rácz Institute of Biotechnology – Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil; E-mail: sopaesi@ucs.br Before the introduction of a rotavirus vaccination program (2004 to 2006), we analyzed 360 samples from patients of all ages suffering from diarrhea, in the city of Caxias do Sul, in southern Brazil. Out of the 74 (20.5%) rotavirus-positive samples, 77.02% were from patients with less than 5 years old, and 22.98% were from patients between 5 and 105 years old. In the elderly, in special, we found 8.11% of rotavirus-positive samples this was the first molecular characterization of the G and P rotavirus genotypes performed in southern Brazil, and it was done using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. An uncommon frequency for G9 genotype (71.6%) was obtained, followed by G1 (18.9%), G2 (4.1%) and G6 (1.4%). For the P genotypes, the results were: P[8] (70.3 %), P[4] (1.4%) and P[11] (1.4%). The P[4]+P[8] mixture was found in 2.7% of the samples. We did not find mixtures for the G genotype, although we found a sample with genotypes G6P[11] that are frequently identified in bovines This study reinforces the importance of continuous survey of rotavirus infection, extended to all age groups, in order to increase our knowledge about the development of rotavirus epidemiology after the introduction of a vaccine. Keywords: Rotavirus, gastroenteritis, RT-PCR, PAGE, genotypes. PO-24 Track: Plant and Environment TAXONOMIC CLASSIFICATION AND FUNCTIONAL ANNOTATION OF SUGAR-CANE CULTIVATED SOIL BY NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING APPROACH E.A.N. Pedrinho, W.M.Q. Moreira, L.M. Carareto-Alves, A.M. Varani, S.M. Tsai, K L.T. Kishi and E.G.M. Lemos Tecnologia, UNESP/FCAV - Jaboticabal - SP – Brasil; Email: eliamar@fcav.unesp.br Introduction: Sugar-cane is currently the most important crop of the São Paulo State (Brazil), whereas the agroclimatic zoning studies indicate at least two environments with distinct cultivation conditions. Nowadays, due the expansion of the agricultural borders, is highly desirable the increase of a sustained productivity of the sugar-cane cultivars using the knowledge of microbial soil diversity. The new sequencing technologies approaches have become a very powerful tool for microbiological taxonomical and functional studies in environmental samples. Objectives: Therefore, the main goal of this study is related to survey the taxonomic distribution and functional classification of the microrganism present in sugar-cane cultivate soils from Sao Paulo State (Brazil). Materials & Methods: The metagenomic DNA concentration where estimated using Qubit (Invitrogen). The genomic libraries were constructed using the paired-end protocol (2x100bp) and sequenced using the Illumina® HiScanSQ platform. The bcl files were converted to fastq file using the CASAVA 1.8.3, and further analyzed by the CLC Genomics Worbench 6.0.1 software. 140 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Results: There were obtained 60,202,952 reads, whereas 15,549,68 reads were grouped in 580,515 contigs, and 44,652,984 reads were attributed as singlet read. All reads were submitted to MG-RAST platform for taxonomic classification and functional annotation. The majority of the reads (92,4%) were classified in bacteria domain. The most representative phylum are: Proteobacteria (40,4%), Actinobacteria (12,8%), Acidobacteria (8%), Firmicutes (6,6%), Verrucomicrobia (5,5%) e Bacteroidetes (3,9%). Functional predictions indicate that at least, 63,7% of the reads were classified as protein with unknown function, and in only 36.3%, reads were determined a putative function. Among the functionally classified reads, 39,2% are related to metabolism process, 21.5% to environmental information processing, 16.7% to genetic information processing, 11.2% to cellular process, 6.5% to human diseases, and 4.9% to organismal systems. Conclusion: These results corroborate previous studies that indicate a high prevalence of Proteobacteria in sugar-cane cultivated soil, and a diverse pool of genes potentially involved in metabolic process and environmental interactions. Keywords: Diversity, DNA Sequencing, Sugar Cane, Microrganism. PO-85 Track: Other areas ASSOCIATION OF PLASMA LEVELS OF NITRIC OXIDE AND DYSLIPIDEMIA IN INDETERMINATE CHAGASIC Elaine Cristina Navarro, Paulo Câmara Marques Pereira, Mariana Miziara Abreu, Francilene Capel Tavares and Sueli Aparecida Calvi Tropical disease, Faculty of Medice Botucatu, Brazil; E-mail: ppereira@fmb.unesp.br Nitric oxide (NO) participate in the control of parasite load in Chagas disease (CD), and cause tissue damage when high plasma levels. Their association with dyslipidemia and fat cells is a challenge for the understanding of CD. The study aimed to assess the levels of NO in individuals with CD indeterminate form, with or without dyslipidemia. The study involved 40 patients, mean age 57 years, 60% females performed at M1 and M2 (baseline and after 6 months), in two groups: with and without dyslipidemia (G1 and G2). Performed dosage of NO, lipid profile and electrical bioimpedance. The G2 showed an average of 34% adipose tissue, there was a correlation between the increase in NO and triglycerides in G2 M2. Fat tissue acts as a reservoir of parasites and producing proinflammatory cytokines facilitating the appearance of cardiovascular disease. These results point to an association between increased NO and dyslipidemia suggesting an attempt to controlling parasite load. Further studies should be conducted to that NO can be used as a marker of the evolution of CD these individuals, because high levels of NO can cause damage to the tissues. Keywords: Nitric oxide, Chagas disease, dyslipidemia. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 141 PO-29 Track: Plant and Environment ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF HYDROCARBON-CONTAMINATED AREA BTEX-DEGRADING BACTERIA FROM E.A. Perpetuo, L.H. Gracioso, I.R. Avanzi, M.P.G. Baltazar, L. J. Gimenes and C.A.O. Nascimento Center for Environmental Research and Training, CEPEMA-POLI-USP, Cônego Domênico Rangoni Road, Industrial Area, Cubatão City, São Paulo State, Brazil; Email: elen@cepema.usp.br One of the most common sources for contamination of soil and groundwater are spills involving the release of petroleum products such as gasoline from leaking oil tanks. Because of their polarity and very soluble characteristics, the organic chemicals (BTEX's) of petroleum products are able to enter the soil and groundwater systems and cause serious pollution problems. This study reports the successful isolation and characterization of 2 strains of bacteria, from a contaminated industrial area (Cubatão-Brazil), able to degrade gasoline and compounds as BTEX. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed 95.0% and 99.0% of similarity to Serratia sp. (HCS1) and Pseudomonas sp. (HCS2), respectively. Their degrading potential was measured by inoculation of pure culture in the mineral medium containing BTEX or gasoline as only carbon source in a batch reactor and monitoring the hydrocarbon disappearance rate at regular intervals of time. The bacterial grown was determined by measuring absorbance at 600 nm by using spectrophotometer and the substrate consumption by GC/MS. Both, BTEX (50 mg/L) and commercial gasoline were degraded by HCS1 and HCS2 strains. These results suggest that these strains have a high level of tolerance to BTEX toxicity, and consequently have potential application in the biotreatment of hydrocarbon-contaminated samples. PO-73 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology BIOPROSPECTING FOR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM A MANGROVE FOREST Marina Miranda Poloni, Fernanda L. S. Sebatianes Paulo Teixeira Lacava and Masaharu Ikegaki Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, Federal University of Alfenas, Brazil; E-mail: mapoloni@hotmail.com Endophytic fungi plant occupy tissues and organs, both inter and intracellularly and cause no harm to their hosts. Their relationship to the plant can be considered mutualistic when endophytic microorganisms receive nutrients from the host, and provide substances that can promote growth and protect the plant against pathogen attack. Production of seconday metabolites may be related to their ecological niche and the marine environment, such as the mangrove, which has unique and extreme conditions favoring the production of secondary metabolites. This study reports on the evaluation of mangrove endophytic fungi for their potential antimicrobial activity. Three endophytic fungi isolated from a mangrove tree, Laguncularia racemosa, leaves and branches collected from São Paulo State, Brazil, were tested. The secondary metabolites were extracted with acetyl acetate and their antimicrobial activities were determined against a Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538), a Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922) and a yeast (Candida albicans ATCC 69548) by the microdilution method in accordance with CSLI. All three extracts showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against S. aureus in a range from 62,5 to 250μg/mL and one of them showed also good antimicrobial activity against E. coli (250 μg/mL) and C. albicans (125μg/mL). Therefore, endophytic fungi from mangrove forests are potential sources of bioactive compounds against pathogenic microorganisms. 142 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-74 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology PARACONIOTHYRIUM SP. P83F4/1: ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITIES AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS ASSOCIATED WITH RHEEDIA BRASILIENSIS PLANT Patrícia Lunardelli Negreiros de Carvalho, Marina Miranda Poloni, Ana Lúcia Tasca Gois Ruiz, João Ernesto de Carvalho and Masaharu Ikegaki Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, Federal University of Alfenas, Brazil; E-mail: mapoloni@hotmail.com In a bioprospecting study, the endophyte fungi Paraconiothyrium sp. P83F4/1 was isolated from Rheedia brasiliensis leaves, a Brazilian medicinal plant. This study aimed to measure biological activities of the fungal ethyl acetate extract, obtained from a liquid fermentation. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH (radical 1,1 -diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl) method and the antiproliferative activity, by the sulphorhodamine B technique in human tumoral cell lines for evaluation of the cellular growth. According to the antioxidant assay, tested at 90 ppm, the fungal extract showed scavenging capacity of 58.92 %, being significant (p<0.05) compared to the commercial standard butyl hydroxy toluene (BHT): 39.52 %. The extract showed powerful activity against human keratinocyte cells (HaCat) (GI50 0.95 μg/mL) which mean log GI50= -0.02, according to National Cancer Institute (NCI-USA) criteria, it makes a powerful extract. HaCat cells are involved directly in diseases such as psoriasis. These results suggest that the crude extract of the fermantation of Paraconiothyrium sp P83F4/1 has an important biotechnological application as antioxidant and antiproliferative agents. PO-88 Track: Medical Biotechnology PULSED PLASMA DEPOSITION OF ZIRCONIA THIN FILMS ON UHMWPE: PROOF OF CONCEPT OF A NOVEL APPROACH FOR JOINT PROSTHETIC IMPLANTS Michele Bianchi, Nicola Lopomo, Alessandro Russo, Alessandro Ortolani, Marco Boi, Maria Cristina Maltarello, Simone Sprio, Matteo Baracchi and Maurilio Marcacci Laboratorio NaBi, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; E-mail: a.russo@biomec.ior.it Introduction Currently, the mean survival rate for Total Joint Arthroplasty is ~ 90% after 10 years; then, a revision surgery is generally required, due to osteolysis and aseptic loosening of the implant, which are strongly correlated with the formation of wear debris from the UHMWPE insert [Ingham, 2005]. Here, a new approach to overcome this detrimental issue is presented: hard, well-adhered and tough zirconia (ZrO2) thin films directly deposited onto the surface of UHMWPE by the novel Pulsed Plasma Deposition (PPD) technique in order to strongly limit the elasto-plastic deformation of the UHMWPE substrate especially under high local loads [Bianchi, 2013]. Methods 3% yttria-stabilized zirconia films were deposited by PPD technique. PPD is based on the ablation of a target material by a high-energy pulsed electron beam; the ablated material forms a plasma plume directed toward the substrate where it is deposited. Thank to the possibility to work efficiently even at room temperature, PPD is suitable for coating plastic materials. Films were characterized by SEM-EDX, X-ray diffraction, nanoindentation, adhesion and tribological tests. Moreover, the capability of the ZrO2-UHMWPE system of carrying local loads - i.e. an estimation of the resistance to a third-body abrasion - was investigated. Results Deposited zirconia films exhibited a fully cubic structure and a smooth nanostructured surface. Mechanical tests showed that hard, tough and well-adherent films were deposited. In particular, nanoindentation tests revealed rather high World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 143 hardness and Young's modulus values (17 GPa and 154 GPa respectively), while critical fracture tests revealed that, even under loads as high as 500 mN (equivalent to ~ 8 times the maximum pressure exercised on a femoral head during normal walking activity) no lateral cracks, spalling or pile-up phenomena were observable, revealing a high fracture toughness and a very high adhesion degree of the ceramic film to the plastic substrate. Moreover, preliminary tribological tests carried out in air against an alumina ball counterpart showed wear rate as low as 3.2*10-6 mm3N-1m-1 after 500.000 cycles. Keywords: Polyethylene wear, Pulsed Plasma Deposition, Anti-wear Resurfacing. PO-49 Track: Other Areas ENZYMATIC ACYLATION OF QUERCETIN WITH CINNAMIC ACID: EFFECT OF THE ORIGIN OF LIPASE, INCUBATION TEMPERATURE AND MOLAR RATIO OF SUBSTRATE ON BIOCONVERSION YIELD AND REGIOSELECTIVITY A.Y.H, Saik and W.S.Choo School of Science, Monash University, Malaysia; E-mail; amysaik@hotmail.com Quercetin is a flavonoid antioxidant found ubiquitously in fruits, vegetables, tea and red wine. It possesses free radical scavenging, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its application is often limited by its low solubility and weak stability in organic or aqueous phases. These limitations can be improved via enzymatic acylation with fatty or aromatic acids. Enzymatic acylation of quercetin will result in the generation of new molecules with modified hydrophilic/lipophilic balance and yet maintain or even enhance its original properties. In this study, quercetin was structurally modified via enzymatic acylation with cinnamic acid, an aromatic acid found naturally in cinnamon. The effects of the origin of lipase, the temperature and duration of incubation, and the molar ratio of substrate were also investigated. The bioconversion yield and regioselectivity of the enzymatic acylation reaction were studied using 2 enzymes: Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL-B) and Pseudomonas cepacia lipase C (PCL-C). The reactions were carried out for 7 days at incubation temperatures of 40°C, 50°C and 60°C. Molar ratio of quercetin:cinnamic acid was varied from 1:5, 1:10 to 1:20. Three products were yielded from the acylation reaction, namely quercetin 4'-cinnamate (434g/mol), quercetin 3',4'-dicinnamate (564g/mol) and quercetin 7,3',4'-tricinnamate (694g/mol). The highest yield of 27.45±1.22% was obtained with CAL-B, at 60°C, and quercetin:cinnamic acid molar ratio of 1:20 at day 7. As comparison, the yield obtained with PCL-C at similar conditions was significantly lower at 21.13±1.64%. It had also been demonstrated that in the presence of CAL-B, acylation mainly took place on 4'-OH, whereas with PCL-C acylation took place on 3'-OH. Therefore, the origin of lipase affected both bioconversion yield and regioselectivity of the acylation of quercetin with cinnamic acid. Keywords: Flavonoid, Quercetin, Acylation, Candida Antarctica Lipase B, Regioselectivity. 144 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-13 Track: Other Areas: Marine Science (Cell Cultivation) ISOLATION OF RHOGOCYTE CELLS FROM MOLLUSK USING FLUORESCENCEACTIVATED CELL SORTING (FACS): A NECESSITY TO UNDERSTAND HEMOCYANIN BIOSYNTHESIS Fareed Sairi, Peter Valtchev, Vincent Gomes and Fariba Dehghani School of Biochemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; E-mail: mmoh6638@uni.sydney.edu.au Hemocyanin, a protein from mollusk, is the largest respiratory protein available in nature. A large number of studies were conducted to understand the structure, biochemical and immunological properties of these types of proteins. However, limited research was conducted in the biosynthesis of hemocyanin mainly due to difficulty of isolating and initiating a pure culture of the cells which synthesize hemocyanin. Previous studies have revealed that hemocyanin biosynthesis occurred in a unique cell known as rhogocyte cell. However, these cells have not yet been thoroughly characterized and cultured for hemocyanin production. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify and isolate rhogocyte cells from mantle tissue of mollusk, using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). We hypothesized that, hemocyanin protein accumulated in the membrane pores, can be tagged by anti-hemocyanin antibody and enable the isolation of these cells by FACS. Three different populations of cells were separated which provide low-R1 (39%), average-R2 (8.5%) and high-R3 signal (3%) of anti-hemocyanin antibody. The purity of each population when re-sorted with FACS reached almost ~90%. Significant signal around the cell membrane was shown in R2 and R3 population when observed with confocal microscope. We confirmed the feasibility of isolating rhogocyte cells with FACS and determined the localization of hemocyanin in pore structure of these cells. PO-16 Track: Other Areas ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF FATTY ACID SALTS AGAINST PENICILLIUM PINOPHILUM Shiho SAKAI, Mariko ERA, Junko NINOMIYA, Takayoshi KAWAHARA, Takahide KANYAMA and Hiroshi MORITA Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Japan; E-mail: u3mab004@eng.kitakyu-u.ac.jp Penicillium pinophilum is one of the most common contaminants introduced by accident during the production of the food. Therefore, the fungicides which have high antifungal activity and safety for human are required. In this study, antifungal activity of fatty acid salts which is main component of soap against P. pinophilum was investigated. Potassium caprylate, caprate, laurate, myristate, and oleate were used as fatty acid salts. Potassium caprate was effective to decrease survival rate of P. pinophilum at 175 mM and completely inhibited the growth of P. pinophilum for 2 days. Morever, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of potassium caprate against P. pinophilum was determined. The MIC of potassium caprate was 175 mM. The effect of temperature on antifungal activity of fatty acid salts was investigated. The antifungal activity of potassium caprate was stable at 4, 25, 40 and 70 . The effect of pH on antifungal activity of fatty acid salts was investigated. The antifungal activity of potassium caprate was stable at pH 8.5, 9.5 and 10.5. In addition, the MIC of sodium caprate was 175 mM and showed equivalent antifungal effect to potassium caprate. These results indicate that potassium caprate has high antifungal activity against P. pinophilum and suggest potassium caprate has great potential for the field of biocontrol agents. Keywords: Fatty acid salts, Penicillium pinophilum, antifungal activity. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 145 PO-107 Track: Other Areas EFFECT OF THE ADDITION OF SEDIMENT OF PULQUE IN THE FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF TRADITIONAL MEXICAN BREAD María Elena Sánchez-Pardo, Edgar Torres-Maravilla, Pedro Vázquez-Landaverde and Epifanio Jiménez-García Instituto Politecnico Nacional Escuelanacional De Cienci Biologica, Plan Deayala Y Prolongacion Carpio Casco Santo Tomas, Distrito Federal, USA; Email: alimentoselena@hotmail.com Many options have been suggested as alternatives to traditional yeasts in bakery industry, leading to the development of bread with different characteristics. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of replacing commercial yeast by sediment of pulque, called xaxtle which is a mixture of microorganisms, lactic acid bacteria and yeasts, in some quality characteristics of bread. A central composite design was used to test the effects of sediment addition and time of dough fermentation. Results showed that addition of 3 g of lyophilized xaxtle per 100 g of flour, and 90 minutes of fermentation were the best conditions for product acceptability. Scanning electron microscopy of crumb microstructure bread suggested that protein matrix was affected, while in control bread it was normally developed. Total starch content in the bread with xaxtle was 9.68% lower than the control (p ≤ 0.05) while the resistant starch value was similar between these two products. Bread with xastle had digestible starch content 9.32% lower than the control bread (p≤0.05). Glycemic index (pIG)was 4% lower in the bread with xastle when compared to the control bread. These results suggested that use xaxtle in bakery products leads to the reduction of the pIG. Keywords: Bread, yeasts,lactic acid bacteria, SEM, resistant starch, glycemic index. PO-40 Track: Plant and Environment PRESENCE OF BISPHENOL-A IN LANDFILL LEACHATES Liliana San-Pedro-Cedillo, Roger I. Méndez-Novelo, Manuel Barceló-Quintal, María N. Rojas-Valenzuela and Emanuel Hernández-Núñez Engineering Faculty, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Mexico; Email: lilia_83@hotmail.com The objective of this research was to identify the presence of Bisphenol-A in raw landfill leachates and treated leachates with Fenton-adsoption process. Bisphenol-A is used as a monomer to produce epoxy resins and polycarbonates, and as stabilizer or antioxidant for plastics materials. Given that this compound presents estrogenicity, it´s important to quantify their presence in effluents those are going to be disposal in the environment in order to avoid damage to human health. Fenton-adsorption process consists of advanced oxidation process using H2O2 and FeSO4 applied in raw leachate, and using a granular activated carbon column. Quantification of Bisphenol-A is carried out by gas chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometer using a liquid-liquid extraction method for leachates and solid-liquid extraction method for solid wastes (Fenton´s sludge and saturated granular activated carbon). Raw leachates contain 2240ppm of Bisphenol-A, but when this is treated with Fenton-adsorption process bisphenol-A final concentration is 0.57ppm. Keywords: Leachate, Bisphenol-A, Fenton, Activated carbon. 146 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-54 Track: Plant and Environment ASPHALTENE BIODEGRADATION USING BACILLUS LENTUS AND MIXED CULTURE Hossein Salehizadeh, Tina Tavasoli and Abbas Shojaosadati University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran; E-mail: salehi633@hotmail.com Asphaltenes bioconversion process is generally low waste, nontoxic and benign to the environment, with fewer steps and low byproducts and promises high potential biotechnological applications for use in environmental remediation and perhaps production of high value products form asphaltenes in future. In this research, five strains with ability to utilize asphaltenes as sole carbon and energy source were isolated from polluted samples in the south of Iran. The isolates were identified as Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus lentus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus firmus. Bacillus lentus showed the highest capability for asphaltenes degradation among them. The optimum values of pH, salinity and asphaltenes concentration for asphaltenes biodegradation at 40 °C were obtained by response surface method (RSM) for pure culture of B. lentus as 6.7, 76 g L-1 and 22 g L-1, and for mixed culture of five bacteria as 6.4, 76 g L-1 and 12 g L-1, respectively. The mixed culture of bacteria was able to degrade asphaltenes and to increase H/C molar ratio from 1.85 to 2.45 in bubble column bioreactor during 60 days. The asphaltenes biodegradation by bacteria is obeyed from Tessier model and the kinetics parameters µmax, Ks and Yx/s were determined as 0.31 day-1, 39.19 g L-1 and 0.21, respectively. PO-38 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ENHANCED 503 ANTIGEN PRODUCTION IN RECOMBINANT ESCHERICHIA COLI BY AGITATION SPEED CONTROL Michelle Rossana Ferreira Vaz, Francisco Canindé de Sousa Junior, Letícia Maia Rezende Costa, Everaldo Silvino dos Santos, Daniella Regina Arantes Martins, Mary Edith Wilson and Gorete Ribeiro de Macedo Department of Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; E-mail: everaldo@eq.ufrn.br The agitation speed is a parameter that shows significant effect on the synthesis of recombinant proteins, and limitations due to the transference of nutrients and oxygen will imply in the reduction of the target protein synthesis, indicating that such factor is important for the process scale-up. In this paper, we evaluated the effect of the agitation speed in both the growth of recombinant Escherichia coli and in the expression of 503 antigen of Leishmania infantum chagasi using a bench bioreactor. The increase of the agitation speed had a positive effect on the cellular growth. However, in terms of protein expression, the highest concentration of 503 antigen was 0.11 g/L obtained at an intermediate agitation of the 400 (rpm), which was 83.3% and 57.1% higher than those obtained at an agitation of the 200 rpm (0.06 g/L) and of the 600 rpm (0.07 g/L), respectively. Therefore, agitation speed had an optimum value (maximum) for the target protein (503 antigen). The expression of 503 antigen was confirmed by electrophoresis and showed a molecular mass of 56 kDa. Keywords: Aerobic Processes, Agitation, Bioreactors, Growth Kinetics, Leishmania, Recombinant Protein Production World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 147 PO-121 Track: Regenerative Medicine MAGNETIC FORCE-BASED TISSUE ENGINEERING FUNCTIONAL SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF Masanori Sato, Akira Ito, Shota Kanno, Yoshinori Kawabe, Masamichi Kamihira Department of Chemical Engineering, E-mail: 3TE11028W@s.kyushu-u.ac.jp Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Japan; Artificial skeletal muscle tissues fabricated using tissue engineering techniques are applicable for regenerative medicine and drug screening. We have prepared functional skeletal muscle tissue constructs using a magnetic force-based tissue engineering technique, in which magnetite cationic liposomes were used to label C2C12 myoblast cells and skeletal muscle tissues were induced by applying a magnetic force. Although densely cell-packed and highly oriented tissues could be fabricated by this procedure, physical forces generated by the skeletal muscle tissue constructs are low compared with those of skeletal muscle tissues in the body. In order to functionalize the tissues, myoblast cells were modified with genes such as IGF-I and Bcl-2 genes. Artificial skeletal muscle tissue constructs induced from the genetically engineered myoblast cells exhibited enhanced physical forces. We have also showed that physical stimulation using electrical pulses can be an alternative approach to enhance the contractile force generation of artificial skeletal muscle tissues. Furthermore, heat treatment during myoblast cell culture promoted the differentiation of myoblast cells into myotubes and improved contractile force generation of artificial skeletal muscle tissue constructs. These findings indicate that genetic modification and physical stimulation are effective approaches to improve the functions of artificial skeletal muscle tissues. Keywords: Tissue engineering, skeletal muscle, C2C12 cells, gene transfer, heat treatment. PO-37 Track: Other Areas CHANGE OF ENZYME ACTIVITIES ON SAKE BREWING AND AMYLOLYTIC ENZYME PRODUCTION IN CO-CULTURE KOJI Yukae Sato, Junko Ninomiya and Hiroshi Morita Department of Environmental Engineering, E-mail: t2mab010@eng.kitakyu-u.ac.jp Graduate School of Kitakyushu University, Japan; 1. Introduction: Koji and yeast are very active in the brewing Japanese liquor. This fermentation process is multiple parallel fermentation. Koji has the most important characteristics in sake brewing. The main role of koji is producing glucose by the action of liquefaction and diastatic enzyme from the starch of rice. Therefore, it is very important produce koji with high glucoamylase activity for the improved quality of sake. In this study, the changes of 2 kinds of enzymes (α-amylase, glucoamylase) in koji and moromi mash in sake brewing were investigated. Furthermore, in order to increase the production of glucoamylase, Aspergillus and Rhizopus mixed in co-culture were producted. 2. Materials and Methods: 2-1. Preparation of Koji and Moromi Materials rice ("Tochiotome") was 70% of a rice-cleaning rate. Koji mold was used "High G" (Aspergillus oryzae) and yeast was the dried sake yeast kyokai No,701. Koji extracted by the standing sampling process in accordance with a National Tax Agency predetermined analysis method. Moromi filtered through filter paper (185 mm, 5B,ADVANTEC). 148 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 2-2. Preparation of Co-culture Koji First, each 2.5 ml of HI-G and Rhizopus oryzae IFO4716 cell suspension (1×105 spores/ml) was added to rice ("YAMADANISHIKI") of 100 g and cultured for 30, 45, 70 or 95 h. And the co-culture was incubated at temperature 31 , moisture 90 % for the first 20 hours. After that it was incubated at temperature 38 , moisture 85 %. 3. Result: The all enzymes activity of koji were low. In moromi, the activity of α-amylase increased greatly in early stages, and decreased promptly from 7 days. On the other hand, the enzymes activity of glucoamylase did not change significantly. Glucoamylase activity has big effect of brewing. Therefore, It became clear that monitoring of amylolytic enzyme is important. And glucoamylase productivity was optimized 233 U/g when HighG and Rhizopus oryzae IFO4716 were mixed for 45 h. Keywords: Koji glucoamylase co-culture. PO-126 Track: Medical Biotechnology METHODOLOGY FOR THE ISOLATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MYCOBACTERIA FROM AIR TO IDENTIFY THE POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS ZONES AND SOURCES Kamatchiammal Senthilkumar, D. Jayakar Santhosh, A. Balakumaran V.Saroja and Anbazhagi Muthukumar National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, CSIR Madras Complex, Taramani, Chennai -600 113, India; E-mail: kamatchi1956@gmail.com Microbes are causing not only water borne diseases but also air borne diseases. The air borne bacteria need more concentration because, if it is water we could drink the purified water, but we cannot breathe the purified air. Mycobacterium plays vital role in air borne diseases which spreads not only through air but also it uses soil and water as reservoir for their habitat. So the study on Environmental mycobacteria need more concentration, to control bacterial diseases. Environmental mycobacteria can be found in diverse environments and most appear to exhibit a saprophytic lifestyle. As these organisms are widespread in the environment, and there is little evidence that person-to-person transmission is common, there is an implicit assumption that environmental mycobacterial infections derive from water, food, the environment or contact with animals. Water and aerosols probably are the most important source of contamination around the TB hospitals. Medical therapy of mycobacteriosis is difficult and not always successful. It is for this reason that preventive methods targeting the source are sometimes justified. Isolation of these mycobacteria from air is very difficult because the air has to be concentrate. Around five Kilometer radius the air samples were concentrated the air by blowing 40-50 Flow M3/min through an air pump and the microbes were trapped in a buffered saline. The samples were further centrifuged and the sediment was dissolved in one ml buffer. The concentrated samples can be used for DNA extraction to proceed with culture as well as PCR to identify the type of mycobacterium using the specific primers. The culture results were 20.27% positive where as the PCR results were 71.62 %, for the samples collected from air. It was also identified that the environmental samples exhibited comparatively more resistance than the clinical samples and has a future threat for the emergence of extensively drug resistant strains. Thus by understanding the genetic events that lead to drug resistance and the frequency and distribution of the different mutations in each geographical area enables the scientists for the correct design of new methods that provide rapid detection of resistance in mycobacterium isolates. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 149 PO-84 Track: Plant and Environment CELL DEATH INDUCED BY A FRUIT MISTLETOE AQUEOUS EXTRACT (CLADOCOLEA LONICEROIDES) ON DIFFERENT BREAST CANCER CULTURES M. J. Serrano-Maldonado, P. Damian-Matzumura, C. De la Paz Pérez-Olvera, García-Gasca and J. T. SorianoSantos Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico; E-mail: ma.jose.serranom@gmail.com Mistletoe is a tree parasitic plant; its impact is rather negative causing great tree mortality and economic losses in Mexico. Cladocolea loniceroides, Mexican endemic mistletoe represents a serious pest in all the country and it has not been studied until today. It was considered useless because of the pruning problem. however the authors found that an aqueous extract of C. loniceroides fruit shows antioxidant activity. The aim of this research was to characterize partially the extract composition and identify if this causes cell death in various breast cancer cultures. Protein was extracted with 0.1 N NaOH at pH 9 for 6 h and precipitated at pH 4. Crude protein was quantified by Kjeldahl method (0.45±0.08 mg/g). Total polyphenols (120.33±4.2mg GA eq. /g), condensed tannins (20.25±1.32mg cat eq./g) and alkaloids (69.32±0.9 mg/g) were assessed. Doses-response curves were observed to ZR75-1, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. LC50 were 91, 177 and 72.8 µg gallic acid eq./mL, respectively. The extract induced cell death of breast cancer; metastatic culture (MDA-MB-231) was the most sensitive and this effect may be attributed to the occurrence of some phytochemicals of the plant. Keywords: Mistletoe, partial characterization, breast cancer. PO-14 Track: Industrial & Manufacturing PREPARATIVE SCALE PRODUCTION OF IMMOBILIZED LIPASE PREPARATIONS FOR CONTINUOUS BIOCONVERSION PROCESSES Łukasz Stańczyk, Katarzyna Struszczyk-Świta, Mirosława Szczęsna-Antczak, Dariusz Hiler, Radosław Bonikowski and Tadeusz Antczak Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Technical University of Lodz (TUL), Stefanonskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; E-mail: lukasz.stanczyk@p.lodz.pl Currently, bioconversions and biotransformations are important processes in pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Evidence of their significance is provided by the growing tendency to replace classical chemical manufacturing technologies by purely biotechnological processes or chemical operations coupled with bioconversions and biotransformations or chemo-enzymatic processes. Applications of biocatalysis are becoming fully competitive compared to chemical catalysis and constitute one of fundamental elements of “green chemistry”. Among approximately 4000 various enzymes which have hitherto been known only around 200 ones have been used in practice. This group has been dominated by hydrolases including lipases. Lipases are versatile enzymes of industrial importance. They can catalyze various reactions thereby giving diverse products that are used in many branches of industry: cosmetic, pharmaceutical, production of fuels, food processing etc. The potential of lipases has been only partially exploited, mainly because of high costs of lipase preparations caused by their purification. New and inexpensive lipolytic preparations with excellent catalytic properties under technological conditions, high stability, catalytic efficiency, and molecular and kinetic characteristics, have been still prospected for. The cheapest biocatalysts were found to be whole-cell biocatalysts. 150 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 The main objective of this project is the development of a method of preparative scale production procedure of microbial lipase preparations, e.g. from lipolytic and oleaginous Mucor circinelloides and Mucor racemosus strains from pure culture collection at ITB TUL. 1. Mycelium of Mucor filamentous fungi immobilized in a porous carrier in the form of uniform thin foams with open porosity and the large internal surface. 2. Whole-cell preparations of Mucor mycelium, dehydrated, ground (~ 3 μm particles) and additionally stabilized. Processes of production of immobilized preparations of Mucor lipases were optimized in terms of: culture medium composition, method of agitation in a fermenter, type of porous carrier (pore size, shape and dimensions of the porous carrier), conditions of de-fatting and de-hydration of mycelium (including pH of lipase microenvironment and water activity (aw) of preparation). It is also planned to develop a quick method enabling analysis of the degree of colonization of the porous material by filamentous fungi based on digital techniques of image analysis. One of objectives of this task is also the development of a method of long-term storage and activation of immobilized preparations of Mucor lipases. Keywords: Lipases, bioconversion, biotransformation, whole-cell lipase, immobilization, large scale. Acknowledgement The project BIOMASA (POIG 01.01.02-10-123/09) is partially financed by the European Union within the European Regional Development Fund. PO-3 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing WHOLE-CELL LIPASE APPLICATION IN PLANT OILS CONVERSIONS INTO POLYMER COMPONENTS Miroslawa Halina Szczęsna-Antczak, Agnieszka Borowska, Julia Gibka, Sławomir Dutkiewicz, Łukasz Stańczyk, Katarzyna Struszczyk-Świta, Małgorzata Piotrowicz-Wasiak, Katarzyna Chudzik, Małgorzata Rzyska, Tadeusz Antczak Institution of Technical Biochemistry, Technical University of Lodz, Poland; Email: miroslawa.szczesnaantczak@p.lodz.pl This study aims at the development of chemo-enzymatic methods of conversion of oleaginous biomass into diols components of alkyl-aryl co-polyesters. It is one of objectives of the Biomass project realized in Poland and focused on the development of methods of conversion of various components of plant biomass into biodegradable polymers. The main concept of the proposed procedure is based on chemo-enzymatic conversions of triacylglycerols (TAGs), contained in various oils (mainly rapeseed, sunflower and waste oils), into dimers of triacylglycerols or fatty acid esters, followed by their conversion into diols and polymerization of the latter. Two methods have been tried. Both these procedures are based on application of sn-1,3 specific Mucor circinelloides and Mucor racemosus membrane-bound lipases, as whole-cell preparations, which are predestined to catalysis in non-aqueous media [1-4]. In the first method - plant oils are subjected to enzymatic acidolysis by saturated fatty acids (palmitic and/or stearic). Resulting modified TAGs, containing saturated fatty acids in positions 1 and 3, are physico-chemically converted into dimers in cycloaddition reaction and, in the next enzymatic step (hydrolysis in bi-phasic environment catalysed by Mucor lipases), into oligo-/diols. According to the second method - the oils are subjected to enzymatic alcoholysis by a branched alcohol (e.g. 2methylbutan-1-ol) and resulting esters are physico-chemically converted into dimers, which are then converted into diols. Keywords: Oleaginous biomass, conversion, whole-cell lipase, polymers. Presented study focused on: (a) The development of the method of production of immobilised whole-cell lipases preparations that are active and very stable in continuous and semi-continuous transesterifications (both acidolysis and alcoholysis) processes; World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 151 (b) Optimization of conditions of enzymatic acidolysis and alcoholysis of rape and sunflower oils (optimized parameters: time, temperature, type and molar ratio of substrates, type of organic medium and water content in reaction medium, addition of some substances modifying the lipase micro-environment [4]); (c) Selection of conditions of cycloaddition reaction (temperature, time, catalyst addition, UV) of products of enzymatic conversions, yielding the dimers - substrates for production of oligo- /diols. The study was realized within the scope of the project POIG 01.01.02-10-123/09 "Application of biomass in production of environmentally friendly polymer materials" - tasks 2.2 & 3.2., co-financed from the funds of European Fund of Regional Development within the frames of Operation Program Innovative Economy 2007-2013. References [1] [2] [3] [4] M. Szczesna-Antczak et al.: Renew. Energy 34, 2009, 1185-1194 M. Szczesna-Antczak et al.: Enzyme Microb. Technol. 39, 2006, 1214-1222. M. Szczesna-Antczak et al.: J. Mol. Cat. B, Enzymatic, 29, 2004, 163-171. T. Antczak et al,: J. Mol. Cat. B Enzymatic, 19-20, 2002, 287-294. PO-78 Track: Medical Biotechnology ANTI-VEGF ANTIBODIES AS TARGETING MOIETIES FOR DELIVERY NANOCARRIERS INTO BRAIN TUMORS Sergey A. Shein*, Natalia V. Nukolova, Anna A. Korchagina**, Vladimir P. Baklaushev, Olga I. Gurina and Vladimir P. Chekhonin *Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, The Serbsky State Scientific Center for Social and Forensic Psychiatry, Moscow, Russia **Department of Medicinal Nanobiotechnologies, The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, 117997, Ostrovityanova Str. 1, Moscow, Russia; E-mail: sheinsergey@gmail.com Introduction: Approaches of the conventional therapy are not effective in case of glioblastoma multiform because of the rapid progression, intense infiltrative growth, with high resistance and less penetration activity for drugs. New approach in the tumor treatment could be target delivery of therapeutic agents based on monoclonal antibodies against VEGF to the brain tumor. The aim of the study was to evaluate prospects of using monoclonal antibodies against VEGF for site-directed delivery liposomes to brain tumor. Materials and Methods: We used high affinity monoclonal antibodies against native form of VEGF that was obtained previously. Stealth liposomes conjugated with monoclonal antibodies against VEGF were prepared by method of Kamps et al and modified according to the purposes of given experiment. Liposomes were injected into the femoral veins an 20day experimental C6 glioma at 0,5 ml (5 µmol phosphatidylcholine, 2,5 µmol cholesterol, 2,58 nmol antibodies per animal). Results: Intravenous injection of anti-VEGF immunoliposomes (220±20 nm) has revealed significant accumulation in brain tumor. Distribution of VEGF targeted immunoliposomes which visualized tumor cells uptake nanocarriers within tumor tissue. Therefore, anti-VEGF nanocarriers highly specific accumulate into malignant tissue. It should be noted that within the intact nervous tissue accumulation of liposomes was not observed due to maintaining function of BBB. To prove the specificity of targeted delivery anti-VEGF-coated liposomes, we used unmodified liposomes and liposomes conjugated with nonspecific immunoglobulin as negative control. Conclusions: According to the data the use of functionalized immunoliposomes with anti-VEGF antibody allow to significantly enhance tumor-targeted delivery and distribution in the brain tumor tissue. Circulating in the bloodstream immunoliposomes coated with anti-VEGF antibodies penetrate by the abnormal blood vessels due to the VEGFs gradient and through disturbed BBB into the extracellular space where antibodies selectively recognize expressed VEGF on tumor cells surface that lead to uptaking liposomes. In summary, PEGylated anti-VEGF immunoliposomes are candidate drug carries for delivery of brain tumor specific payloads to tumor and further studies are warranted to evaluate their suitability for clinical applications. 152 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Fig (1). Fluorescence analysis brain sections after intravenous administration of immunoliposomes (red fluorescence) Sitespecific delivery anti-VEGF coated liposomes into brain tumors. A – unmodified liposomes; B – liposomes conjugated with nonspecific immunoglobulins; C – liposomes carrying anti-VEGF antibodies. Cell nuclei have been additionally strained with DAPI (blue fluorescence). PO-39 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing RECOVERY OF LIPASE USING RECYCLING AQUEOUS TWO-PHASE FLOTATION Pau Loke Show and Tau Chuan Ling Chemical and Environmental Engineering, E-mail: PauLoke.Show@nottingham.edu.my the University of Nottingham, Malaysia; Recycling hydrophilic organic solvent/inorganic salt aqueous two-phase flotation (ATPF) is a novel, low cost, green and high efficient technique for recovery of biomolecules. Recycling ATPF composed of 2-propanol and potassium phosphate was developed for sustainable separation, concentration and purification of Burkholderia cenocepacia ST8 lipase from fermentation broth. 13 parameters upon recycling hydrophilic organic solvent/inorganic salt ATPF performance were investigated. The optimum conditions for this recycling ATPF were determined to be 40 mL volume of 50% (w/w) 2-propanol, 1.0 L of 250 g/L of potassium phosphate, pH 8.5, 100% (v/v) of crude feedstock, 30 mL/min of N2 flow rate for 30 min in a 8 cm radius of colorimeter tube with G4 porosity (5-15 µm) sintered glass disk. A purification factor of 14.4 and a lipase yield of 99.2% were achieved in this optimized ATPF. The recycling of phaseforming components employed at the end of recovery process was based on the principals of green chemistry, with good efficiency and economical viability. There was no gross variation of results during the process of scaling-up. Therefore, this novel recycling ATPF is feasible to be applied at industrial-scale. Keywords: Aqueous two-phase flotation, lipase, bioseparation engineering, protein recovery, biocatalysis. PO-44 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing BIOPLASTICS SYNTHESIZED BY PSEUDOMONADS FROM CARBOHYDRATES M.K. Taciro, L.G. Cespedes, R.S. Gomes, R. Tavares, T.T. Mendonça, L.F. Silva and J.G.C.Gomez Department of Microbiology, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; E-mail: mktaciro@usp.br Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are polyesters accumulated by bacteria as intracellular granules from renewable carbon sources. These bio-based polymers have properties similar to petrochemical plastics, attracting industrial interest since they are biodegradable. PHA can be composed by short-chain-length monomers (HASCL) having C3-C5 carbons or medium-chain-length (HAMCL) when monomers are C6-C12. Monomer composition determines polymer characteristics such as melting temperature, crystallinity and rupture strength. Because of metabolic limitations, in nature, it is difficult to find bacteria World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 153 accumulating large amounts of PHA combining HASCL and HAMCL. Thus, construction of appropriate recombinants is a challenge to produce new PHA with distinguished properties and applications. Pseudomonas sp LFM 461, a PHA-negative mutant, was used as host for the phaC gene related to PHA biosynthesis from Ralstonia eutropha or the operon phaPCJ from Aeromonas sp, resulting on recombinants LFM 806 and LFM 1061, respectively. Bioreactor experiments evaluated the recombinants concerning kinetics of carbon source consumption, residual biomass and product formation. From carbohydrate, LFM 806 accumulated about 20% of cell dry weight (CDW) as PHA, composed by 93% 3-hydroxybutyrate, 4% 3-hydroxyhexanoate, 3% 3-hydroxyoctanoate. LFM 1061 accumulated approximately 40% CDW as PHA containing 60% 3-hydroxybutyrate, 40% 3-hydroxyhexanoate and traces amounts of 3-hydroxyoctanoate. Keywords: Biopolymers, Polyhydroxyakcanoates, Pseudomonas. PO-102 Track: Medical Biotechnology IMAGING-GUIDED DETERMINATION OF THE TREATMENT REGIMENS OF THE HYPOXIA-ACTIVATED PRODRUG TH-302 Yoichi Takakusagi, Shingo Matsumoto, Keita Saito, Masayuki Matsuo, William DeGraff, Rajani Choudhuri, Nallathamby Devasahayam, Sankaran Subramanian, Jeeva P. Munasinghe, James B. Mitchell, Charles P. Hart, and Murali C. Krishna Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA; E-mail: takakusagiy@mail.nih.gov TH-302 (Threshold Pharmaceuticals) is a hypoxia-activated prodrug (HAP) that is preferentially activated within hypoxic regions in solid tumors, which is currently undergoing clinical evaluation for several tumors. The present study evaluated the TH-302 chemotherapy in vivo using electron paramagnetic resonance oxygen imaging (EPRI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Our homemade EPRI using an oxygen-capturing probe OX063 revealed the three-dimensional oxygen distribution and partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) on 500-1500 mm3 size of murine SCCVII and human HT29 tumor xenografts. We found that TH-302 was activated when tumor median pO2 spontaneously or forcibly reached less than 10 mmHg and hypoxic regions (<10 mmHg) more than 50%. The action of TH-302 on tumor tissues was noninvasively detected as a T2 intensity decrease and an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) increase on MRI, which correlated with the Ser139 phosphorylated H2AX increase (DNA damage marker) and caspase-3 activation (apoptosis marker). The three continuous administration of TH-302 at the appropriate time window, determined by the preceding imaging studies, significantly inhibited the growth of tumor xenografts. Thus, combination use of EPR with MR techniques makes it possible to determine the effective treatment regimens of TH-302 therapy. This strategy may be applicable for any other hypoxia-activated functional molecules. 154 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-103 Track: Others Areas IDENTIFICATION OF SMALL MOLECULE ASSOCIATING REGION BY T7 PHAGE DISPLAY: iSMART Yoichi Takakusagi, Kaori Takakusagi, Tomoe Kusayanagi, Susumu Kobayashi, Fumio Sugawara and Kengo Sakaguchi Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA; E-mail: takakusagiy@mail.nih.gov Identification of drug/protein interactions contributes to our understanding of biological phenomena at the molecular level as well as elucidating the mode of action of bioactive compounds. Basically, small molecular mass of drugs associate with multiple proteins responsible for main/adverse effects as well as ADME, most of which are found in current databases established in an effort to the human genome project. However, because of a lack of global coherent rules underlying drug/protein interactions, developing methods for globally predicting or annotating drug/protein interactions have has still been in challenging. Here, we present a quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM)-based T7 phage display in combination use with receptor ligand contacts (RELIC) bioinformatics server for detecting drug/protein interactions. In this strategy, the subset of drugrecognizing short peptides displayed on T7 phage capsid can be panned within sub-minutes of monitoring the QCM frequency decrease, with no need of condition exploration or repeated rounds of biopanning. Subsequent algorithmic and heuristic analysis of affinity-selected peptides using RELIC enables high throughput extraction of drug-recognizing information content and annotation of drug-associating region on proteins under the identical protocol for any small molecules of interest. This affinity-based strategy, termed as “identification of small molecule associating region by T7 phage display: iSMART” could open up a next generation of small molecule-related studies. PO-71 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF LACTOFERRAMPIN ANALOG PEPTIDES AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 Jenniffer Cruz, Marlon Cáceres, Claudia Ortiz, Roberto Fernández-Lafuente and Rodrigo G. Torres School of Chemistry, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Colombia; E-mail: rtorres@uis.edu.co Among different natural compounds that can be used as new antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are emerged as therapeutic alternative against several pathogen microorganisms. However, the main application of AMPs is their antimicrobial affect against resistant bacteria. In this work, we designed peptide analogs of Lactoferrampin 265-284 (LFampin 265-284) altering charge, hydrophobicity, size and amino acid sequence of the original LFampin 265-284. We designed LFampin analogs using bioinformatic tools and classification algorithms based on support vector machines (SVM). These analogs were synthesized by solid phase chemistry using F-moc methodology, and purified by HPLC. All peptides were characterized by mass spectrometry (MS), circular dichroism (CD) and molecular simulation, in order to study their secondary structure (e.g. alpha-helical conformation) in solution. Some of these analogs exhibited a significant increase in antimicrobial activity by against Escherichia coli O157:H7 compared to native LFampin 265-284, obtaining minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 10 and 40 µM, for peptides 264G-D265K and 264G-D265K/S272R, respectively. Finally, incorporation of a GKLI sequence in the Nterminal lobe increased dramatically its antibacterial activity against E.coli. This effect could be attributed to the addition of cationic groups in the N-terminal side that may stabilize the helical conformation of the new designed peptides. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 155 PO-70 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing IN VITRO ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AGAINST DIFFERENT SPECIES OF CANDIDA SPP Daissy G. Paredes , Jhon Artunduaga, Claudia Ortiz and Rodrigo Torres School of Chemistry, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Colombia; E-mail: rtorres@uis.edu.co Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as antimicrobial compounds with great potential use in pharmaceutical biotechnology, displaying antibiotic activity against different fungi. Among these, Candida species represent a very important group of pathogens, because of their growing resistance to conventional antibiotics. In this study, we evaluated antifungal activity of AgNPs against different strains of the following Candida species: Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida guilliermondii and Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019. AgNPs were synthesized by chemical reduction using different reducing agents: citrate anions, cysteine, hydrazine, glucose and maltose, in order to observe the effect of type of synthesis on both antifungal activity and stability of nanoparticles. AgNPs were characterized through UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), which showed formation of sphere nanoparticles with mean sizes ranging between 7 and 20 nm. Finally, in vitro antifungal activity of AgNPs against Candida spp, were evaluated. Among the strains studied, Candida gilliermondii was the most sensible strain to AgNPs, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicide concentration (MFC) of 0,1µg/mL and 0,25µg/mL de AgNPs, respectively. PO-62 Track: Plant & Environment TRANSGENIC TEF (ERAGROSTIS TEF) PLANTS OBTAINED BY BIOLISTIC AND AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED GENE TRANSFER TO IMMATURE EMBRYOS Likyelesh Gugsa Tuffer, Ingrid Otto and Jochen Kumlehn IPK, Plant Production Biology Correnstrase 3 D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany; E-mail: kumlehn@ipk-gatersleben.de Stable genetic transformation constitutes a major technical prerequisite for detailed studies on gene function as well as for biotechnological approaches to crop improvement. While tef (Eragrostis tef) is the most important cereal in Ethiopia, it lags far behind the world’s major cereal crops in terms of conventional plant breeding as well as biotechnology. In the study presented here, the generation of transgenic tef lines was achieved for the first time. Both biolistic and Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer was successfully conducted based upon a recently developed, highly efficient method of somatic embryo formation and plant regeneration from immature zygotic embryos of the widely cultivated tef cv. 'DZ-01-196'. In preliminary experiments, the sensitivity of developing explants to a range of concentrations of the selection agents; Paromomycin, Bialaphos and Hygromycin B was determined, and then appropriate levels applied following gene transfer to a total of 240 immature embryos. The biolistic and Agrobacteriumbased approaches yielded four and two stable transgenic lines, respectively. In contrast to the Neomycin Phosphotransferase (npt II) gene, the Bialaphos (bar) and Hygromycin (hpt) resistance genes proved useful for the generation of transgenic tef under the conditions used. The presence of transgene sequences in the primary transgenic lines was shown by PCR-analysis. Furthermore, we provided evidence for the genomic integration of recombinant DNA and its stable generative transmission to progeny plants by Southern hybridization, which also revealed that the lines obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated and biolistic gene transfer carried one and up to five transgene copies, respectively. The Green Fluorescent Protein gene (gfp) driven by the maize Ubiquitin 1 gene promoter was shown to be expressed in various tissues of transgenic tef lines. The observed segregation of gfp expression in pollen and sexual progeny indicated single-locus insertion even in those events where multiple copies of the transgene had been integrated following biolistic gene transfer. The transgenic tef plants proved morphologically normal and fertile. This study 156 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 provides a valuable basement for follow up research on molecular mechanisms controlling agronomically relevant traits of tef such as lodging resistance. PO-64 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF AN INVASIVE LACTOCOCCUS LACTIS STRAIN CONTAINING A EUKARYOTIC DNA VECTOR CODING FOR INTERLEUKIN 10 FOR THE PREVENTION OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES M. Z. Turk, F.A. Lima, S. Del Carmen, A. C. G. Santos, C. C. Prósperi, P. Mancha-Agresti, T. D. L. Saraiva, V. B. Pereira, B. M. Souza, M. S. P. De Azevedo, C. S. Rocha, V. Azevedo, S. Leclercq, A. De Moreno De Leblanc, J. G. Leblanc and A. Miyoshi UFMG, Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular Departamento de Biologia Geral Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; E-mail: meritxellzt@gmail.com Introduction: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is the most important anti-inflammatory cytokine at intestinal level and its absence is involved in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD). However, oral treatment of these diseases with IL-10 is limited due to its extreme sensitivity and therefore survival to the environment in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and systemic treatments lead to undesirable side effects. In this context, the aim of this work was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of an invasive Lactococcus lactis (LL) strain capable of delivering a eukaryotic expression vector (pValac) containing the Open Reading Frame (ORF) of IL-10, using a Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced and a Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) induced IBD mouse models, as a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of IBD. Methods and Partial Results: For this purpose, the pValac:IL-10 plasmid was firstly constructed and its functionality was confirmed through Confocal Microscopy, Flow Cytometry and Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) by evaluating the expression and secretion of IL-10 by transfected cells with the constructed plasmid. For the DSS mouse model, conventional C57BL/6 mice were orally administrated, as only liquid intake, with DSS for 7 continuous days to induce intestinal inflammation, except for the control group which just received water. At the same time, mice received by gavage bacterial supplementation (109 UFC/mouse/day) of LL MG1363 FnBPA+ (wt), LL MG1363 FnBPA+ pValac:IL-10 or saline solution (control and DSS groups). Large intestines were removed, visually inspected for macroscopic evaluation and prepared for histological evaluation and cytokine analysis through ELISA. Secretory IgA was also analyzed by ELISA. Mice from the pValac:IL-10 group showed statistically lower damage scores in their intestines (both at macroscopic and microscopic levels), higher IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17A levels and an increased sIgA response in the colon, compared to mice from the control groups and wt-group. On the other hand, for the TNBS model, conventional BALB/c mice received an intra-rectal inoculation of TNBS for 3 days to induce intestinal inflammation. These mice then either received by gavage bacterial supplementation (108 UFC/mouse/day) of LL MG1363 FnBPA+ (wt), LL MG1363 FnBPA+ pValac:IL-10 or saline solution (control and DSS groups). Large intestines were then removed, visually inspected for macroscopic evaluation and prepared for histological evaluation and immunohistochemistry. Microbial translocation to the liver was also evaluated. Mice from the pValac:IL-10 group showed lower damage scores in their large intestines (at both macroscopic and microscopic levels), decreased numbers of IL-17 producing cells and lower microbial translocation to liver, compared to mice from the control groups and wtgroup. Conclusions: Administration of the invasive LL strain containing the pValac:IL-10 plasmid was effective in the prevention of inflammation in two murine models of IBD, confirming the potential use of 'therapeutic plasmids' delivered by lactic acid bacteria, such as LL, for the prevention and treatment of a diverse array of diseases. Financial Support: CAPES, CNPq, CONICET, ANPCyT and CIUNT. Keywords: Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Invasive Lactococcus lactis strain, Interleukin-10, Prevention, Dextran Sulfate Sodium mouse model, Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid induced IBD mouse model World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 157 PO-79 Track: Other Areas NOVEL LIGNIN-DEGRADING BURKHOLDERIA STRAINS FROM FOREST SOIL Seil Kil, Yunje Kim, and Youngsoon Um Clean energy research center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, South Korea; E-mail: yum@kist.re.kr Two novel aerobic strains, designated as JRM1-1 and JRM2-1 were isolated from the forest soil of Jirisan Mountain, Korea. Screening for lignin-degrading bacteria was performed using Azure B dye medium and Azure B dyedecolorizing strains were regarded as lignin-degrading strain candidates. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the closest relatives of JRM1-1 and JRM2-1 were Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJNT (98.4%) and Burkholderia terrae KMY02T (97.2%), respectively. These strains were also known as plant-associated bacteria with plant-beneficial properties. The isolates were characterized based on the modern polyphasic taxonomy. The phylogenetic analysis and characteristics of the strains JRM1-1 and JRM2-1 showed that both strain JRM1-1 and JRM2-1 were clearly the member of the genus Burkholderia. Lignin-degrading activity of the strains JRM1-1 and JRM2-1 were further tested using veratryl alcohol assay which is the most widely used method in screening enzyme activity of the cleavage of -O-4 linkage in lignin. The strains were cultivated for 5 days using YPG medium and the supernatant was used for veratryl alcohol assay. As a result, the oxidation of veratryl alcohol to veratryl aldehyde was confirmed using the supernatant of the cultures, indicating those strains are likely to be lignin-degrading microorganism candidates. Keywords: Lignin, Burkholderia, veratryl alcohol. PO-80 Track: Other Areas BUTYRIC ACID PRODUCTION TYROBUTYRICUM STRAINS FROM BROWN ALGAE USING CLOSTRIDIUM Hyun-Ju Oh , Seil Kim, Min-Kyu Oh, Han-Min Woo, Yunje Kim and Youngsoon Um Clean energy research center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, South Korea; E-mail: yum@kist.re.kr Butyric acid was produced from brown algae (Laminaria japonica) even without pretreatment by the enriched cultures using a tidal flat sediment sample from Ganghwa Island, South Korea as an inoculum. The structure of the microbial community in butyric acid-producing cultures suggested that Clostridium spp. were major producers of butyric acid using brown algae. To evaluate butyric acid-producing ability of Clostridium strains using brown algae without pretreatment, 13 strains of C. tyrobutyricum were selected and cultivated in the mineral base medium containing brown algae. Butyric acid was produced in a range of 0.2 ~ 1.8 g/L by the tested strains. Among them, C. tyrobutyricum DSM 664 (1.8 g/L) and C. tyrobutyricum DSM 1460 (1.7 g/L) showed the highest butyric acid production after 48 hours from 40 g/L brown algae. As mannitol was detected as a main carbohydrate, both strains were tested for butyric acid production using mannitol as a carbon source. As a result, C. tyrobutyricum DSM 664 and DSM 1460 produced 5.7 g/L and 7.3 g/L of butyric acid, respectively, in the mineral medium containing mannitol 20 g/L, suggesting that those two strains are candidates for butyric acid production using brown algae without pretreatment. 158 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-69 Track: Medical Biotechnology EXPRESSION OF ANAPLASTIC LYMPHOMA KINASE PROTEIN IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER Amineh Vaghefi and Ali Zare Mehrjardi Department of Pathology, Firouzgar Hospital, Iran; Email: dr.a.vaghefi@gmail.com Anaplastic lymphoma Kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the genesis of several human cancers. We examined human breast cancers to test the possibility that ALK may be expressed in them and studied its relation with type of carcinoma and its grade, tumor size, presence of necrosis, vascular invasion, skin involvement, lymph node metastasis and patient age. 100 patients were enrolled with mean age of 50/2±12/5 years. The histological phenotypes of the breast cancers studied included Invasive Ductal Carcinoma , Invasive Lobular Carcinoma and Medullary Carcinoma. ALK expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry which reveal positive in 47 cases (47%). No statistically significant relationship is found between above mentioned parameters except for tumor size and ALK expression (p < 0.01). Keywords: ALK, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, IHC, immunohistochemistry. PO-124 Track: Other Areas BASIDIOMYCETES MUSHROOM BIOTECHNOLOGY IN DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL PRODUCTS Diego F. Rojas Vahos, Paola A. Zapata Ocampo, Ana M. Palacio Barrera, Sandra P. Ospina Alvarez, and Lucía Atehortúa Facultad de Ciencias diferova@gmail.com Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Antioquia, Colombia; E-mail: Several Basidiomycetes mushrooms have been recognized a well-established history of use in traditional oriental, and their consumption is widespread in some countries in Asia, Europe and United States. These are considered as medicinal mushrooms, there are edible mushrooms but are not seen only as simple food, as some of them have been shown to be rich in bioactive compounds. Cultures of the mushrooms Ganoderma lucidum, Grifola frondosa and Agaricus blazei in a 14 L biorreactor were carried out by implementing low cost non-conventional culture media, decreasing the culture time and increasing the productivity of biomass and intrapolysaccharide (IPS) for all species. The biomass produced in the bioreactor was subjected to different drying processes: convection, infrared radiation, spray drying and freeze-drying to produce useful raw material for the development of functional products for different industries. It was possible determine that the biomass concentration was equal or higher when compared to the data reported by other authors in bioreactor cultures with values of biomass of (g/L) 19,72±1,06; 24,49±0,44; 23,48±1,31 and of IPS (mg/mL) 13,29±2,29; 12,28±1,87; 42,56±3,46 for Ganoderma lucidum, Grifola frondosa and Agaricus blazei respectively. Keywords: Biomass, Convection forced, Freeze-drying, Infrared, Intrapolysaccharides, Spray drying. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 159 PO-89 Track: Plant & Environment THE mRNA EXPRESSION OF EPAS1 AND VEGF GENE REVEALS NOVEL MECHANISMS IN YAK（BOS GRUNNIENS) ADAPTATION TO HIGH ALTITUDE-HYPOXIA P. Yan, X.Y. Wu and X.Z. Ding Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding & Reproduction Engineering of Gansu province and Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science. Lanzhou 730050, China; E-mail:pingyanlz@163.com Yak (Bos grunniens) lives on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau at altitudes between above 3500ms land is considered an ideal animal model for cold and hypoxia adaptation studies.Yaks have numerous anatomical and physiological traits that equip them to cope with high altitude stress. The cold, hypoxic conditions of high-altitude habitats impose severe metabolic demands on domesticated yaks, and understanding how yaks cope with the combined effects of hypoxia and cold can provide important insights into the process of adaptive evolution. Therefore, to explore the genetic molecule basis of adaptative traits in yak, we detected the expression of EPAS1 and VEGF gene mRNA in heart, lung, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, muscle and testis respectively from domesticated yaks resident at 3500 m. Results showed that EPAS1 mRNA was widely expressed in different tissues including heart, lung, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, muscle and testis. The expression of EPAS1 mRNA present the highest amount in lung but lowest levels in the muscle. VEGF mRNA was highly expressed in the pancreas and lung. Significant correlations were found between the expression of EPAS1 and VEGF mRNA in pancreas and liver of yak (P<0.01). To our knowledge, this is the first report on expression of EPAS1 and VEGF mRNA in the yak’s different tissues. Normal tissue function in yak depends on adequate supply of oxygen and energy through blood vessels, hypoxia induces a variety of specific adaptation mechanisms in part governed by the activation of EPAS1, which modulating expression of hypoxia induced genes, such as VEGF. According to the results, we speculated that the EPAS1and VEGF might play an important role in regulation of the glycogen metabolism in pancreas and oxygen transport in liver of yak. Tissue’s specific higher expression may give us the useful information to understand the important role of EPAS1 and VEGF in the adaptation to the high altitude hypoxia of the domestic yak on long-term evolution. Keywords: Yak, EPAS1, VEGF, Expression, High-altitude adaptation. PO-120 Track: Other Areas MICROENCAPSULATION OF CITRAL FOR TARGET RELEASE IN INTESTINE: IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO VALIDATION Yuexi Yang, Tracy Guo, Hai Yu, Qi Wang, Joshua Gong and Yufei Hua School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, 214122; E-mail: Yuexi.Yang@AGR.GC.CA Citral, a natural source of essential oil, is traditionally used in food processing and packaging due to its antibacterial activity. However, its usage in animal feed as an antimicrobial agent is limited by several physicochemical factors including high hydrophobicity, high volatility and sensitivity to oxygen, leading to low availability in the lower intestines. The objective of this study is to encapsulate citral to maintain its stability during feed processing and transition through upper gastrointestinal tract, and thus to target the delivery to the lower intestines of animals where most pathogenic bacteria harbor. The Maillard-type protein-polysaccharide conjugates (MPPC) were used as emulsifiers in emulsions for hydrophobic components protection in this study. Citral was successfully encapsulated in MPPC with high encapsulation efficiency by spray drying technology, which is readily adapted by industry scale production. Encapsulation in MPPC provided good protection to citral during feed pelleting which allowed its easy delivery in feed. MPPC-encapsulation effectively increased the amount of citral that was delivered to the lower intestines when it was tested in vitro and in experimental chickens. 160 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 PO-115 Track: Regenerative Medicine ROLE OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS THERAPY IN CISPLATIN-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY IN ADULT ALBINO RATS: A HISTOLOGICAL, ULTRA-STRUCTURAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDY Emad Nagiub Ghaly, Safwat Wadie Gergis, Hanan Dawood Yassa, Jousef Naem Thabet, and Hassan AbdelRaheem Hassan Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Bani Suif University, Egypt; E-mail: hanan_yassa2000@yahoo.com Objective: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have generated a great deal of excitement and promise as a potential source of cells for cell-based therapeutic strategies. These data provide the clue of using MSCs in the current work in correcting cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, the severest adverse effect of the well-known anticancer drug; cisplatin. Methods: MSCs of bone marrow origin of femora and tibiae of adult albino rats were separated, grown, propagated in culture then identified by both morphology and CD29 surface marker detection. MSCs were injected into the rats'' tail veins one day after a single dose (5mg/kg body weight) of intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin. Four weeks later kidney tissue was examined histopathologically and ultra-structurally. Renal functions s(urea, creatinine) as well as serum electrolytes levels (Na, K) were estimated. Results: Cisplatin group demonstrated atrophied glomeruli, thickened glomerular basement membrane, dilated urinary space, loss of proximal convoluted tubules brush borders, loss of podocyte pedicels and collagen deposition. Tubular cells showed vacuolization and nuclear membrane degeneration. Serum levels of urea, creatinine, Na and K were significantly elevated. MSCs ameliorated cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity to a great extent as evidenced histologically, ultra-structurally and biochemically. Conclusion: MSCs have a potential therapeutic effect against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells, cisplatin, kidney, ultra-structure. PO-8 Track: Other Areas EFFECT OF COMBINATION OF HYDROLYSIS AND PROBIOTIC FERMENTATION ON THE FUNCTIONALITY OF CHLORELLA Li-Jung Yin, Yun-Yi Chang and Shann-Tzomg Jiang Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; E-mail: ljyin@mail2000.com.tw Chlorella has rich in protein, peptides, chlorophyll, vitamins and minerals, is a good material for the production of functional foods. The rigid cell wall cannot easily be digested and absorbed, thus lowered its nutritional value. Comparison of hydrolysis of Chlorella by 150 U/g cellulase and 10000 U/g protease at 50oC was carried out. After hydrolysis, the reducing sugar increased from 2.57 to 79.01 mg/mL, while the soluble proteins increased from 55.0 to 313.9 mg/g. According to the measurement of the broken degree of the cell wall, it was highly hydrolyzed and consequently released most of nutrients inside the cells. After the Chlorella hydrolysate was fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. BCRC 10069 at 37oC for 24 hrs, the pH decreased from 5.95 to 3.56, while the cell counts increased from 5.5 to 9.75 log CFU/mL. The peptides and free amino acids increased during fermentation. Keywords: Chlorella, hydrolysis, lactobacillus plantarum, peptides, free amino acids. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 161 PO-48 Track: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS AGAINST AGGRECANASES: A NOVEL METHOD FOR DEGENERATIVE DISC DISEASE THERAPY Yuanyuan Yu and Julian A. Tanner Department of Biochemistry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Email: yuyy@hku.hk Aptamers are short, single-stranded oligonucleotides, which bind to their targets through 3D conformational complementarity. Aptamers are frequently called 'chemical antibodies' because of their high specificity and affinity. More than 20 aptamers for the treatment of various diseases are evaluated in clinical trials. Role of intervertebral disc is to absorb shock and transmit load, allowing the spine to bend and move. Disc degeneration may cause serious low back pain and affect daily life. Aggrecanases ADAMTS-4 and -5 are critical proteins involved in the development of degenerative disc disease (DDD) and osteoarthritis. They have been used as targets for inhibitor selection against DDD in recent studies both in vitro and in silico. Small molecules targeted on catalytic domain of aggrecanases have been developed but have broad inhibitory activity which may cause serious side effects. Nucleic acid aptamers can potentially solve this problem. Recent studies on aggrecanases have also been restrained by the low expression level and low solubility of the catalytic domain. Our studies have developed new ways to express, refold and purify human ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5. ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 catalytic domain incorporating with disintegrin domain and thrombospondin motif are expressed and purified from E. coli with high yield for the first time. Specific aptamers will then be tailor selected against each aggrecanase through a process called Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment (SELEX). Selected aptamers will then be characterized and evaluated as a foundation for further DDD therapeutic development. Keywords: Aptamers, degenerative disc disease, ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5, SELEX. PO-22 Track: Medical Biotechnology MULTIPLE NON-CANONICAL AMINO ACID INCORPORATION FOR THE SITE-SPECIFIC AND SYNERGISTIC MODIFICATION IN A SINGLE PROTEIN Kanagavel Deepankumar, Saravanan Prabhu Nadarajan, Hyungdon Yun School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, South Korea; E-mail: hyungdon@ynu.ac.kr Incorporating non canonical amino acids (NCAAs) into proteins is a powerful in vivo methodology that has been increasingly used. Currently, a number of NCAAs was incorporated into protein with the help the methodology such as reassignment of sense (residue specific incorporation) and non sense codon (site specific incorporation). Both methods balance one another in many ways. However, these two methods have a similar drawback in that they allow only incorporation of a single NCAA into the recombinant protein. Our group has developed an easy method to introduce two NCAAs containing different chemical moieties by coupling residue-specific and site-specific incorporation methods in a single protein. So far, all the techniques have demonstrated the possibility of introducing MNCAAs into a single protein; however, no studies have effectively utilized a multifunctional single protein in an effective way to show potential applications. Here, we used the MNCAA incorporation technique for self oriented immobilization (site- specific), to improve protein functionality, and for protein labeling (residue specific). For the purpose, we selected the surface exposed N-terminal residue (Lys15) of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a model protein. We introduced an amber codon (Lys15TAG) for the site-specific incorporation of L-DOPA using an evolved Methanococcus jannaschii tRNA/synthetase pairs and simultaneously (2S, 4S)-4-fluoroproline (4S-FPro) was selected for residue specific incorporation. In the next experiment, we prepared the MNCAAs protein with the methionine (Met) surrogate Lhomopropargylglycine (L-HPG) (residue-specific incorporation) along with L-DOPA (site-specific incorporation) in GFP (GFPdphpg). The site-specific incorporation of L-DOPA into the protein will allow the protein to be immobilized in a controlled manner through Michael addition, the (2S, 4S)-4-fluoroproline (4S-F-Pro) was selected to improve 162 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 protein stability. L-HPG contains an alkyne moiety and it will undergo a cycloaddition reaction with azide bearing molecules. We demonstrated that this method allows for site-specific attachment of the protein in a molecule for a subsequent labeling reaction. Incorporating MNCAA reduced the number of steps required for multiple labeling. We trust that the MNCAA protein engineering tool kit will occupy an important place in protein modification, as it offers numerous benefits and opportunities to develop synthetic biology research. Keywords: Multi non-canonical amino acid incorporation, Multi-functionality protein, L-DOPA, (2S, 4S)-4fluoroproline, L-HPG. PO-110 Track: Plant & Environment CAROTENOIDS: DIVERSIFICATION IN MALAYSIAN TRADITIONAL VEGETABLES (ULAM) AND MEDICINAL SPECIES Fatimah Azzahra Mohd Zaifuddin, Rashidi Othman and Norazian Mohd Hassan Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia; E-mail: firzahra@ymail.com Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is one of the continuous leading causes of children and pregnant women death. To overcome this malnutrition which currently affected one-third of the world population, there is always renewed interest in exploring numerous dietary sources rich in carotenoids which some of them serve as pre-cursors to vitamin A (pro-vitamin A). Therefore, this study was aimed to explore various dietary sources for carotenoids in 28 ulam and medicinal species which are commonly consumed by the local folks. HPLC analysis employed in this study has resulted in determination and quantification of seven types of carotenoids in the food matrices; neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, α-carotene and -carotene. Interestingly, these carotenoids were found in varying concentration. Total carotenoids content quantified in all of the samples lies between 1.315 ± 0.007 to 190.301 ± 3.427 mg/g DW where cekur manis has the highest content. The total vitamin A activity (in terms of retinol equivalent, RE) of every species is also included in this study. The results suggested that at least 20 of the ulam and medicinal species may be used as alternative food intervention to eliminate VAD as a public health concern. Keywords: Dietary carotenoids, ulam, medicinal plants and HPLC. PO-111 Track: Plant & Environment CALLUS CULTURES: AN ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH TOOL TO STUDY REGULATORY MECHANISMS OF CAROTENOID BIOSYNTHESIS Fatimah Azzahra Mohd Zaifuddin, Rashidi Othman, Norazian Mohd Hassan Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia; Email: firzahra@ymail.com Every single step happened in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in the leaves is regulated by respective genes. It was presumed that these genes would be inherited by the undifferentiated cells (callus) since they were initiated from the intact plants. Thus, the callus is most likely to develop and respond to internal and external stimuli exactly as the intact plants. Therefore, this study was aimed at establishing callus cultures as an alternative research tool to study the regulatory mechanisms of the carotenoid biosynthesis in plants through a controlled environment. Via HPLC analysis, it was found that different strain of callus cultures accumulated different types of carotenoids as compared to intact plants. The finding from this study World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 163 suggested that researchers would be able to assess what are the key factors which involved in regulatory mechanisms of individual carotenoid biosynthesis in a particular biology system. Thereafter, future exploration and manipulation of the genetic make-up is made possible to enhance or enrich certain individual carotenoid in food crops. Keywords: Callus cultures, carotenoid biosynthesis, carotenoids, Morinda citrifolia and Ocimum basilicum PO-125 Track: Plant and Environment DEVELOPMENT OF A SAMPLE PREPARATION METHOD OF FILAMENTOUS FUNGI MM1UDEA TO ENHANCING THE ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF A PROTEIN EXTRACT ON MYCOSPHAERELLA FIJIENSIS Paola A. Zapata, Oscar Alzate, Cristina Osorio, Mónica A. Arias, Liuda J. Sepúlveda, John J. Mira and Lucía Atehortúa Facultad de Ciencias Exactas E-mail: paozapata@gmail.com y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Antioquia, Colombia; One of the biggest challenges of proteomics fungal studies is sample preparation, principally of the cell wall lysis, the cell wall of the fungus is exceptionally strong, conferring resistance to the high osmotic pressure inside them. A noncontrolled cell disruption can generate incomplete lysis or otherwise excessive waste and degradation materials that will interfere with subsequent analysis and their bioactivity. In this work was developed an optimized protocol for protein extraction of filamentous fungi MM1-UdeA, allowing a significant reduction in working time, optimizing the cell lysis, which is the most critical point detected in the extraction of proteins, using different cell disruption times and different lysis solutions. This allowed increased both total protein concentration and the enhancing antifungal activity of the extract, finding it was possible to inhibit the growth of M. fijiensis with an EC95 dose of 158.49 ppm of the active extract, compared with a EC90 dose of 1000 ppm before, the protein extraction process had been optimized. Keywords: Bioactives proteins, submerged culture, filamentous fungi, cell lysis. PO-105 Track: Regenerative Medicine ЕNDOMETRIAL STEM CELLS IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY A.Domnina, V. Mikhailov, T. Grinchuk, N.Nikolsky and V. Zemelko Cell Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; E-mail: vzemelko@mail.ru We have established and characterized 10 human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) lines from shedding endometrium in menstrual blood. The derived endometrial MSCs (eMSC) met criteria of the International Society for Cellular Therapy for defining multipotent human MSCs. The isolated eMSCs had multipotent plasticity and predisposition to neurogenesis based on the expression of pluripotency marker SSEA-4 and neuronal precursor markers nestin and betaIII-tubulin. Multipotency of the derived eMSCs is further confirmed by their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes, as well as into neural and glial cell types. A significant basal level of synthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the еMSC cultures is also observed. The eMSCs have a high proliferation rate (doubling time 24-28 hours) and high cloning efficiency (about 60%). In vitro, they undergo more than 45 population doublings without spontaneous transformation and enter into a replicative senescence phase. We used the derived eMSCs to study their possible paracrine effect on the proliferation of endometrial tissue. Our data show that in experimentally induced false pregnancy in rats, intrauterine administration of the derived eMSCs stimulates intensive development of rat's decidua, that could potentially lead to infertility treatment in conditions such as intrauterine adhesion or Asherman''s syndrome. 164 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Keywords: Human endometrial stem cells, obstetrics, gynecology. PO-119 Track: Industrial and Manufacturing USE OF DIETARY PREVENTION QUORUM QUENCHING ENZYMES AS BACTERIAL DISEASE Meichao Zhang, Yanan Cao, Ruidong Chen, Suxu He, Li Xu, Yalin Yang and Zhigang Zhou Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, P. R. China; E-mail: mei_chao_zhang@163.com N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) lactonases are capable to degrade signal molecules involved in bacterial quorum sensing and therefore represent a new approach to control bacterial infection. Three quorum quenching enzymes gene aiiA-B546, aiiA-AI96, aiiO-AIO6 were cloned from Bacillus sp. B546, Bacillus sp. AI96 and Ochrobactrum sp. M231, respectively, and expressed in Escherichia coli or Pichia pastoris. The AHL-lactonases (AiiA-B546 and AiiAAI96) were categorized as a member of the metallo- -lactamase superfamily. AHL-acylases(AiiO-AIO6) was belong to a member of the α/ hydrolase fold family. The enzymatic properties of these three enzymes were studied. Among them, the AiiA-B546 can expressed in P. pastoris with a wide substrate spectrum, AiiA-B546 can degraded C12 which can not be degraded by AiiA-AI96 and AiiO-AIO6. AiiA-AI96 maintains ~100% of its activity at 10–40°C, pH 8.0, and it is very stable at 70°C, pH 8.0 for at least 1 h; no other Bacillus AHL lactonase has been found to be stable under these conditions. In the three enzymes, AiiO-AIO6 has the highest specific activity 583.33U/mg. These three enzymes significantly reduce expression of virulence factors and the pathogenicity by Aeromonas hydrophila, indicating that these enzymes are able to effectively quench QS-dependent functions in A. hydrophila by degrading AHLs. PO-76 Track: Others Areas: Clinical Research/Clinical trials THE NEW USEFUL TREATMENT METHOD FOR ADVANCED STAGE OF OSTEONECROSIS OF FEMORAL HEAD: BONE GRAFT WITH POROUS TANTALUM ROD Dewei Zhao, Baoyi Liu, Zhenhua Zhao, Xiaowei Wei and Benjie Wang Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No. 6 Jiefang Street, Dalian 116001, China; Email: zhaodewei2000@163.com Objective: Analysis the role of tantalum used in the surgical treatment of advanced stage of osteonecrosis of femoral head. Methods: 60 patients (60 hips)of osteonecrosis of femoral head which treated by surgery in the orthopedics department of Dalian University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital during April 2008 to October 2009, in which ARCO IIIa stage of 21 hips, IIIb stage of 13 hips, IIIc stage of 26 hips, the patients were randomly divided into bone graft group and Tantalum rod group. Tantalum rod group: 30 patients (30 hips), 19 males and 11 females; mean age (35.7 ± 2.1) (23 ~ 50) years old. The mean preoperative Harris score (65.53 ± 5.41) points. Bone graft group: 30 patients (30 hips), 20 males and 10 females; mean age (37.1 ± 3.5) (25 ~ 52) years old, mean preoperative Harris score (66.47 ± 6.52) points. There was no significant difference between these two groups in the mean age and mean preoperative Harris hip score (P ≥ 0.05). Patients were assessed before and 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after the treatments. Statistical analysis of Function of patients, degree of pain, collapse distance postoperative. Results: Harris hip score of two groups of patients were higher than preoperative, Harris hip score of tantalum rod group is higher than bone graft group; and the collapse distance significantly less than the bone graft group. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 165 Conclusion: With the apllication of tantalum rod combine with bone graft with blood vessel will be effective in recovery of the collapse and configuration of the femoral head ,and to prevent or delay osteoarthritis of the hip occurs. Keywords: osteonecrosis of femoral head, porous tantalum rod, bone graft with blood vessel. PO-77 Track: Regenerative Medicine- cell cultivation EXPRESSION OF CD82 IN PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYO AND ROLES IN IMPLANTATION IN MICE Xiaowei Wei, Bangxia Zhao, Dongmei Tan, Dewei Zhao and Yi Tan Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No. 6 Jiefang Street, Dalian 116001, China; Email: zhaodewei2000@163.com The normal embryo implantation requires the embryo’s development into an implantation-competent blastocyst firstly. Many molecules play important roles in embryonic development and implantation, but the expression of CD82 during the embryonic development process and its function on implantation have not been elucidated. By immunofluorescence and RT-PCR, we found that CD82 protein and mRNA constantly increased from the 2-cell to morula stage (p<0.05), although there is no differences between morula and blastocyst (p>0.05). Moreover, CD82 antibody markedly prevented 8-cell embryos from developing into blastocysts in vitro (p<0.05). We also found that CD82 protein was expressed highly in both trophoblasts and the inner cell mass of blastocysts during hatching and adhesion.CD82 antibody inhibited blastocysts hatching from the zona pellucida and adhesion in vitro (p<0.05). CD82 protein decreased obviously with the development of outgrowth (p<0.01). CD82 antibody enhanced trophoblasts outgrowth with wider outgrowth areas significantly in vitro (p<0.05). Meanwhile, CD82 antibody resulted in an increased number of implanted embryos by intrauterine injection (p<0.01). All of these indicate that CD82 may promote the development of preimplantation embryos and participates in implantation with different biological functions in mice. Keywords: CD82; embryo development; implantation; in vitro culture. ADDI T I ON AL ABST RACT S PO-129 Track: Other Areas EFFECT OF MACRONUTRIENTS RATIO AND ELICITORS OVER THE POLYPHENOLS PRODUCTION IN CELL SUSPENSION CULTURES OF THEOBROMA CACAO Carolina Flórez-Cortés, Luisa Rojas and Lucía Atehortúa Universidad de Antioquia1, Colombia; Email: florez8@gmail.com In last decades the consumption of cocoa products has increased because of its high content of the flavanols epicatechin, catechin and procyanidins. These flavanols exhibit strong antioxidant activity inhibiting LDL oxidation, platelet adhesion and reducing arterial pressure which results in beneficial effects on the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this research was to develop in vitro culture, completely independent of field crops to produce these metabolites. Macronutrients (N, P, sucrose) and were evaluated biotic (fungal proteins) and abiotic elicitors (salicylic acid) to enhance or accelerate the production of these antioxidants. The evaluation of different levels of nitrogen, sucrose and phosphate was positive to improve levels of polyphenols, SA and fungal proteins addition on culture medium in accelerated production of the metabolite of interest. This study is an important step in the production of polyphenols in 166 Posters World Biotechnology Congress 2013 cell cultures of T. cacao and an advance scaling applicable in bioreactors for the production of polyphenols in vitro, which is an alternative in the production of these antioxidants to be added to all foods. PO-132 Track: Plant and Environment REMOVAL OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM BY HEAT INACTIVATED FUNGAL BIOMASS OF TERMITOMYCES CLYPEATUS: SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION AND MECHANISM OF BIOSORPTION Rajib Majumder , Lata Ramrakhiani and Suman Khowala Drug Development Diagnostics and Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, IICB-CSIR, Govt. of India; E-mail: majumder.rajib2008@gmail.com Mechanism of Cr(VI) biosorption by heat inactivated fungal biomass of Termitomyces clypeatus was studied by analyzing its pH profile and surface chemistry. The pretreatment with CaCl2 increased the biosorption capacity but decreased with NaCl. Surface chemistry was characterized by potentiometric titration pH of zero charge and SEM-EDX analysis. The acidic and basic sites for the biomass were quantified as 7.75 and 3.25 mmol/g, respectively, and concluded that surface of the biomass was acidic. Acidic [carboxyl (pKa 3.45 and 4.29), imidazole (pKa 5.98), and phosphate (pKa 6.75)] and alkaline [amines (pKa 9.96, 11.92, and 12.47), sulfhydryl (thiol) (pKa 8.48), hydroxyl (pKa 11.12)] functional groups were identified and confirmed by FTIR analysis. The roles played by functional groups in chromium biosorption were found to be in the order: carboxyl > phosphates > lipids > sulfhydryl > amines. Integrative analysis of surface chemistry, functional group modification and FTIR showed that the Cr(VI) biosorption involved more than one mechanism such as physical adsorption, ion exchange, complexation and electrostatic attraction and followed in two subsequent steps - Cr2O72− biosorption at the protonated active sites (amino, carboxyl and phosphate groups) and reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by reductive groups (hydroxyl and carbonyl groups)on the biomass surface. Keywords: Termitomyces clypeatus, Cr(VI) Biosorption mechanism, Potentiometric titration, Chemical pretreatment, Heat inactivated biomass. PO-131 Track: Plant and Environment E-COLORATION OF HE4R SIDERCRON YELLOW DYER IN SYNTHETIC EFFLUENTS BY TRAMETES VILLOSA AND PENIOPHORA CINEREA Oliveira Gabriela dos Anjos, Ballaminut Nara, Oliveira Luisa Helena dos Santos, Vitali Vera Maria Valle, Matheus and Dácio Roberto ICB, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil; E-mail: naraballaminut@usp.br The textile industrial effluents contain dyers, not thouroughly removed in the conventional treatment. The use of basidiomycetes in the removal of those dyers is a biotechnological alternative. In order to optimize the process, this work has assessed the influence of different concentrations of carbon and nitrogen within a starting medium for Peniophora cinerea and Trametes villosa over the color-fading of the effluent studied. The tested concentrations were 0.3% to 1.5% saccharose and 0.01125% to 0.09% urea. The funghi were immobilized vegetal spongeduring an incubation-time of 10 days, at 26°C. Next, a synthetic effluent was added (0.05% dyer, NaCl 3.0%) and the incubation proceeded for 24 hours more. Absorbance variation in the treated effluents was measured through spectrophotometry (at 410 and 480nm), both after and before fungal action. The experiment was performed under the 5x5 factorial design, without replicata. As control, fungus-free flasks were used. Dyer degradation was observed in the change of the caracteristic wavelenght of the effluent tested. It was observed that nitrogen does influence 94.7% of the effluent's colorfading through T.villosa and 99.8% through P.cinerea (p=0.05). Therefore, the highest de-coloring percent rates were obtained through P.cinerea (80.3%), followed by T.villosa (74.9%), at the lowest nitrogen concentration (0.01125%). World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Posters 167 Keywords: Reactive dye, biodegradation, textile effluent. PO-130 Track: Plant and Environment PRODUCTION OF COCOA BUTTER LIPIDS IN CELL SUSPENSION CULTURES OF THEOBROMA CACAO L Adriana Gallego Rúa, Luisa Rojas Hoyos and Lucía Atehortúa Garcés Biology Institute, Universidad de Antioquia, Antioquia, Colombia; E-mail: adriana.gallego.02@gmail.com Cocoa butter is one of the most important byproducts of cocoa. It is appreciated commercially in the chocolate industry by its organoleptic features, such as: melting point at body temperature, the brightness and hardness. It is useful in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries due to its physiological effects as antioxidant (vitamin E and flavonoids) which attack the ROS that cause premature aging. So it is used in cosmetics like moisturizer and to prevent stretch marks. Additionally it is used in oral drugs because it retains the molded shape. Because of the benefits of cocoa butter in several industries, it has tried to find equivalents of butter, and in the most of the cases, it is accepted or allowed only mixtures until 5% with cocoa butter. It creates undesirable consequences in the final texture of the chocolate. The current project deals with the possibility to produce cocoa butter by cell suspension culture of Theobroma cacao as an alternative to produce constantly cocoa butter crop free, in order to attend the demand of all industries. Additionally, through this methodology it is possible to produce lipids in cell suspension cultures and modify the profile depending of the physicochemical conditions. Keywords: Theobroma cacao, lipids, cell suspension culture, cocoa butter. World Biotechnology Congress 2013 AUTHOR INDEX A Abdin, M.Z. ............................................................................. 96 Abid, I. ................................................................................... 138 Abreu, M. ............................................................................... 140 Accordino, M.P. ..................................................................... 130 Adams, G.P. ............................................................................. 23 Adelaja, B.A. ........................................................................... 95 Aderogba, M.A. ..................................................................... 115 Adewusi, S.R.A. ............................................................. 114,115 Adeyanju, A.A. ...................................................................... 115 Aggarwala, S. ........................................................................... 71 Ahlawat, S. ............................................................................... 96 Ahmed, S. ......................................................................... 65,110 Aird, W.C. .............................................................................. 135 Al Othman, M. ....................................................................... 138 Alanazi, A.M. .......................................................................... 97 Alani, F. ................................................................................... 21 Alaraidh, I.A. ........................................................................... 97 Aleshcheva, G. ......................................................................... 56 Aliakbarian, B. .................................................................. 98,104 Al-Jafari, A. ........................................................................... 124 Alkahtani, M.D.F. .................................................................. 138 Almeida, D. ............................................................................ 119 Almeida, L. ............................................................................ 132 Alonso, R. ................................................................................ 99 Altpeter, F. ............................................................................... 21 Álvarez, C. ............................................................................. 109 Alvarez, S.P. .......................................................................... 158 Alybaeva, R. .......................................................................... 126 Alybayeva, R.A. ...................................................................... 98 Alzate, O. ............................................................................... 163 Amy, D.R. .............................................................................. 108 Anderson, W. ........................................................................... 21 Andrade, C.T. ........................................................................ 122 Anesini, C. ........................................................................ 99,108 Antczak, T. ................................................................. 99,149,150 Ara, I. ..................................................................................... 138 Arab-Tehrany, E. ..................................................................... 35 Aransiola, E.F. .................................................................. 22,100 Araujo, D. .............................................................................. 117 Arceci, R.J. .............................................................................. 22 Argyros, O. .............................................................................. 83 Arias, M.A. ............................................................................ 163 Artunduaga, J. ........................................................................ 155 Asai, K. ............................................................................... 16,85 Asrandina, S. .......................................................................... 126 Astsaturov, I. ............................................................................ 23 Atabayeva, S. ......................................................................... 126 Atabayeva, S.D. ....................................................................... 98 Ataya, F. ................................................................................. 124 Atehortúa, L. ............................................................ 158,163,165 Atkinson, R.L. ............................................................................ 1 Avanzi, I.R. .............................................................. 101,121,141 Avşar-Ban, E. ......................................................................... 101 Azevedo, V. .................................................................... 119,156 Azmat, R. ................................................................................. 23 B Baddour, N.M. ....................................................................... 131 Bae, J. ....................................................................................... 24 Bagnyukova, T. ........................................................................ 23 Baklaushev, V.P. ................................................................... 151 Baltazar, M.P.G. ...................................................... 101,121,141 Bányai, I. ................................................................................ 136 Baracchi, M. ........................................................................... 142 169 Barceló-Quintal, M. ...............................................................145 Barrera, A.M. .........................................................................158 Barsé, B. .................................................................................131 Beal, L.L. ................................................................................131 Belguith, H.Y. ..........................................................................25 Benavides, F. ..........................................................................118 Benderitter, M. ....................................................................25,26 Benyamino, R. ..........................................................................27 Bergmann, P. ............................................................................27 Berlin, A. ..................................................................................27 Berthold, F. .............................................................................103 Bey, E. ......................................................................................25 Bhatt, S.P. .................................................................................28 Bianchi, M. .............................................................................142 Bidaut, G. .................................................................................28 Bier, F.F. ...................................................................................49 Bisaria, V.S. ...........................................................................102 Blaas, L. ....................................................................................36 Bloda, A. ..................................................................................99 Bochare, S. ...............................................................................34 Boi, M. ....................................................................................142 Bojarová, P. ..............................................................................80 Böldicke, T. .........................................................................8,103 Bonikowski, R. .......................................................................149 Boobalan, T. .............................................................................36 Boros, L.G. ...............................................................................29 Borovička, J. .............................................................................55 Borowska, A. ..........................................................................150 Borsuk, S. ...............................................................................119 Bosco, G.K.E. ...........................................................................30 Bouler, J.-M. ............................................................................51 Boutros, R. .............................................................................103 Brányik, T. ................................................................................30 Brányiková, I. ...........................................................................30 Brown, R. .................................................................................88 Bruballa, A.C. ........................................................................119 Brzin, J. ..................................................................................113 Búa, J. .....................................................................................104 Bujoli, B. ..................................................................................51 Burtness, B. ..............................................................................23 Bustos, P.L. ............................................................................104 Butte, A.J. .................................................................................42 C Cáceres, M. .............................................................................154 Cai, K.Q. ...................................................................................23 Calvi, S. ..................................................................................140 Calvo, C. ...................................................................................62 Cámara, M de los M. ..............................................................104 Cannata, P.A. ..........................................................................119 Cao, Y. ....................................................................................164 Carareto-Alves, L.M. .............................................................139 Carpnio, N. .............................................................................123 Carra, S. ...........................................................................131,132 Carrier, E. .................................................................................89 Casanova, E. .............................................................................36 Casazza, A.A. ....................................................................98,104 Castaño, V. .............................................................................114 Castellane, T.C.L. ...................................................................105 Catel-Ferreira, M. .....................................................................57 Causey, M. ................................................................................41 Cavalcante, R.C.M. ................................................................118 Cespedes, L.G. ................................................................132,152 Chang, C.-Y. ..........................................................................108 Chang, Y. ................................................................................160 Chao, M.-L. ............................................................................108 Chapel, A. ..............................................................................8,26 Chauhan, A. ..............................................................................97 170 Chekhonin, V.P. ..................................................................... 151 Chen, B. ................................................................................... 42 Chen, J.-T. .............................................................................. 108 Chen, R. ................................................................................. 164 Cherry, J.R. .............................................................................. 31 Chien, H.-C. ............................................................................. 44 Chircop, M. ............................................................................ 103 Chisti, Y. .................................................................................. 31 Chmátal, M. ............................................................................. 87 Cho, D.-H. .............................................................................. 106 Choi, J. ................................................................................... 138 Choi, S.-C. ............................................................................. 106 Choo, W.S. ............................................................................. 143 Choudhary, M.I. ....................................................................... 10 Choudhuri, R. ......................................................................... 153 Chu, W.-S. ............................................................................. 108 Chudzik, K. ............................................................................ 150 Ciechańska, D. ......................................................................... 99 Clarke, K.G. ............................................................................. 10 Claudia B. .............................................................................. 102 Cledón, M. ............................................................................... 32 Colliec-Jouault, S. .................................................................... 32 Comotto, M. ............................................................................. 98 Converti, A. ........................................................................... 104 Cooper, L. ................................................................................ 12 Cornejo, M.J. ......................................................................... 107 Cornelsen, M. ......................................................................... 102 Corrêa, A.C.N.T.F. ................................................................ 121 Correa, B. ............................................................................... 121 Costa, L. ................................................................................. 146 Cruz, J. ................................................................................... 154 Cunningham, C. ....................................................................... 57 Cunningham, D. ....................................................................... 23 Cutrera, J. ................................................................................. 33 D da Motta, L. ............................................................................ 116 da Silva, J. .............................................................................. 119 da Silva, L. ............................................................................. 132 da Silva, M.T.S.L. .................................................................... 78 da Silveira, M. ........................................................................ 132 Damian, D. ............................................................................... 41 Damian-Matzumura, P. ......................................................... 149 Dams-Kozlowska, H. ............................................................. 109 Das, C.M. ................................................................................. 47 Datar, V. .............................................................................. 34,47 David, S. ................................................................................ 113 De Azevedo, M.S.P. .............................................................. 156 de Carvalho, J. ....................................................................... 142 de Carvalho, P. ....................................................................... 142 De Leblanc, A. ....................................................................... 156 De Macedo, G. ....................................................................... 146 De Sousa Jr., F. ...................................................................... 146 De Souza, J.A.M. ................................................................... 105 Deblandre, G. ........................................................................... 35 Dediu, V. .................................................................................. 74 Deepankumar, K. ................................................................... 161 DeGraff, W. ........................................................................... 153 Dehghani, F. ........................................................................... 144 Del Aguila, E.M. .......................................................... 95,96,122 Del Carmen, S. ....................................................................... 156 Delvigne, F. ........................................................................... 127 Deng, Y. ................................................................................... 91 Deniard, P. ............................................................................... 51 Denman, C. .............................................................................. 12 Derdelinckx, G. ...................................................................... 127 Desobry, S.A. ........................................................................... 35 Devasahayam, N. ................................................................... 153 Author Index Di Martino, A. ..........................................................................39 Di Matte, B. ..............................................................................39 Díaz, M. ..................................................................................109 Dickinson, A. .........................................................................110 Ding, X.Z. ...............................................................................159 Dobhal, M.P. ............................................................................46 Doble, M. ..................................................................................36 Doi, S. .....................................................................................124 Doi, T. ....................................................................................135 Doktirbai, G. ...........................................................................126 Domnina, A. ...........................................................................163 dos Anjos, O. ..........................................................................166 dos Santos, E. .........................................................................146 dos Santos, K. .........................................................................116 dos Santos, O. .........................................................................166 Dowd, P.F. ..............................................................................111 Dreo, T. ..................................................................................113 Dutkiewicz, S. ........................................................................150 Dutta, K. .................................................................................125 Dutta, S.K. ................................................................................11 Dziworska, G. .........................................................................111 E Eberhart, C. ..............................................................................47 Eferl, R. ....................................................................................36 Egleston, B.L. ...........................................................................23 Eissa, M.M. ............................................................................131 El-Azzouni, M.Z. ...................................................................131 EL-Gaaly, G.A. ......................................................................124 El-Gaely, G.A. ..........................................................................97 El-Hadidi, W. ...........................................................................16 Emalfarb, M. ............................................................................37 ERA, M. .................................................................................144 Erjavec, J. ...............................................................................113 Ernesto, T. .......................................................................113,114 Ettrich, R. .................................................................................80 F Faccio, G. .................................................................................83 Falade, O.S. .....................................................................114,115 Fangursaro, J. ......................................................................34,47 Fareed, M.M. ............................................................................37 Fathy, F.M. .............................................................................131 Fayon, F. ...................................................................................51 Feng, P.X. ............................................................................38,39 Feng, Z. ....................................................................................89 Fernández-Lafuente, R. .....................................................84,154 Fernandez-Moore, J. ..............................................................133 Ferreira, L.C.S. .......................................................................118 Ferreira, R.C.C. ......................................................................118 Ferrer, A. ................................................................................125 Ferretti, M. ................................................................................98 Fersht, S.A. .................................................................................2 Filardo, G. ...........................................................................39,81 Finke, B. .................................................................................102 Flora, A.B. ..............................................................................115 Flórez-Cortés, C. ....................................................................165 Fokas, D. ..................................................................................83 Fouad, W. .................................................................................21 Fox, D.T. ................................................................................116 Fraenkel, E. ..............................................................................40 Frébort. I. ..................................................................................41 Freeman, K.r. ..........................................................................118 Freitas, C. .................................................................................78 Freitas, C.S. ............................................................................121 FriisZiersen, B.E. .....................................................................53 Fukui, K. ...................................................................................85 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Fuller, G. .................................................................................. 47 Furlan, C. ........................................................................ 116,117 G Gabitova, L. ............................................................................. 23 Gabrielli, B. ........................................................................... 103 Gallo, M. .................................................................................. 21 Ganda, I. ................................................................................. 119 Gangwar, S.P. .......................................................................... 77 Ganjiwale, A. ........................................................................... 71 Garcés, L. ............................................................................... 167 Garcia, D. ............................................................................... 118 García, G.A. .................................................................... 104,119 García-Gasca, C. .................................................................... 149 Garcia-Uitz, K. ....................................................................... 120 Gautam, A. ............................................................................. 102 Gauthier, O. ............................................................................. 51 Gažák, R. ................................................................................. 80 Gebruers, K. ........................................................................... 127 Geigenmüller, U. ..................................................................... 41 Geman, D ................................................................................. 42 Georgoussi, Z. ........................................................................ 120 Gergis, S. ............................................................................... 160 Ghaly, E. ................................................................................ 160 Ghetti, M. ................................................................................. 69 Ghosh, R. ................................................................................. 45 Ghosh, S. .................................................................................. 11 Gibka, J. ................................................................................. 150 Gillet, G. .................................................................................. 35 Gimenes, L.J. ........................................................... 101,121,141 Girardi, V. .............................................................................. 131 Gnanasekaran, T. ..................................................................... 53 Godwin, A.K. ........................................................................... 42 Goldman, S. ........................................................................ 34,47 Goldstein, A.L. .......................................................................... 3 Golemis, E.A. .......................................................................... 23 Gomes, L.P. .................................................................... 121,122 Gomes, R.S. ........................................................................... 152 Gomes, V. .............................................................................. 144 Gomez, J.G.C. .......................................................... 115,132,152 Gong, D. ................................................................................... 43 Gong, J. .................................................................................. 159 González, Z. ........................................................................... 125 González-López, J. .................................................................. 62 Gopalakrishnan, V. ........................................................ 12,34,47 Gordon, N. ............................................................................... 44 Gorin, A. .................................................................................. 23 Gorin, N.C. .............................................................................. 26 Gotto Jr., A.M. ........................................................................... 4 Gouveia, I. ............................................................................... 44 Gower, A. ............................................................................... 132 Grabner, B. ............................................................................... 36 Gracioso, L.H. .......................................................... 101.121.141 Grammel, H. ............................................................................ 45 Greengard, P. ............................................................................. 4 Griggio, G.S. .......................................................................... 131 Grinchuk, T. ........................................................................... 163 Gross, R.A. .............................................................................. 12 Grosse-Hovest, L. ............................................................. 46,103 Gryndler, M. ............................................................................ 55 Gryska, K. .............................................................................. 109 Gugsa, L. ................................................................................ 122 Guicheux, J. ............................................................................. 32 Guleria, R. ................................................................................ 28 Guo, T. ................................................................................... 159 Gupta, R. .................................................................................. 46 Gupta, R.S. ............................................................................... 46 Gurina, O.I. ............................................................................ 151 171 Gusakov, A.V. ..........................................................................13 Guzman, B. ...............................................................................69 Guzzo, G. ................................................................................139 H Haas, G. ....................................................................................69 Hagiwara, H. .......................................................................16,85 Hart, C.P. ................................................................................153 Hartley, C. ................................................................................47 Hartmann, C. ..........................................................................131 Hashimoto, M. ........................................................................101 Hassan, H.A.R. .......................................................................160 Hassan, N. ..............................................................................162 Hatcher, R.J. .............................................................................47 Hauser, S. .................................................................................56 Haussmann, B. .......................................................................122 Havelka, K.O’L. .......................................................................48 Hazani, A.A. ...........................................................................124 He, S. ......................................................................................164 Heck, T. ....................................................................................83 Held, P. .....................................................................................48 Héllio, C. ..................................................................................57 Hendrick, Cl. ............................................................................89 Heo, S. ......................................................................123,126,137 Herman, G.E. ............................................................................23 Hernández-Núñez, E. .............................................................145 Hifumi, E. ............................................................................49,85 Hiler, D. ..................................................................................149 Hiramatsu, Y. .........................................................................123 Hirth, T. ....................................................................................64 Hložková, K. ............................................................................55 Hoekstra, P. ..............................................................................52 Hoffmann, T. ............................................................................36 Hollomon, M. ...........................................................................44 Hood, E.E. ................................................................................14 Hoppe, S. ..................................................................................49 Horimoto, K. ............................................................................85 Hoti, S.L. ..................................................................................87 Howard, J.A. ............................................................................14 Hoyos, L. ................................................................................167 Hu, J. ........................................................................................59 Hua, Y. ...................................................................................159 Huang, Z. ..................................................................................91 Hui Suan NG ............................................................................60 Humphries, J. ...........................................................................12 Hust, M. ....................................................................................50 Hwang, B.S. .............................................................................92 I Iafisco, M. ...........................................................................69,75 Iatrou, K. ...........................................................................50,120 Ibrahim, M.M. ...................................................................97,124 Ihssen, J. ...................................................................................83 Ikeda, Y. .................................................................................124 Ikegaki, M. ......................................................................141,142 Ikegami, T. ...............................................................................85 Ikhu-Omoregbe, D.I.O. ..........................................................100 Irie, K. ....................................................................................123 Ishii, J. ......................................................................................51 Ishii, T. .....................................................................................85 Ishimaru, T. ............................................................................137 Ishizawa, K. ............................................................................124 Ito, M. .....................................................................................147 Ivshina, I. ..................................................................................57 J 172 Jabeen, M. ................................................................................ 97 Jaenisch, R. ................................................................................ 5 Jambulingam, P. ...................................................................... 87 Jang, J. .................................................................................... 123 Janse, B. ................................................................................... 52 Janvier, P. ................................................................................. 51 Jaquess, P. ................................................................................ 52 Jarboe, L. ................................................................................. 88 Jensen, K. ................................................................................. 53 Jensen, M. .............................................................................. 103 Jensen, P.E. .............................................................................. 53 Jeon, S. ................................................................................... 126 Jesús, A. ................................................................................. 114 Ji, L. ......................................................................................... 47 Jiang, S. .................................................................................. 160 Jiang, Y. ................................................................................. 128 Jiménez, L. ............................................................................. 125 Jiménez-García, E. ................................................................. 145 Jin-Gaw, L. ............................................................................ 125 Joaquin, J.B. ........................................................................... 119 Jones, P. ................................................................................... 33 Juen, S.-H. .............................................................................. 106 Julca, I. ..................................................................................... 62 Jung, J.H. ................................................................................. 21 K Kaci, M. ................................................................................... 35 Kaczmarek, A. ......................................................................... 99 Kaldybekkyzy, G. .................................................................. 126 Kamihira, Y. .......................................................................... 147 Kang, D. ................................................................... 123,126,137 Kanno, S. ............................................................................... 147 Kantner, H.P. ........................................................................... 36 Kanyama, T. .................................................................... 112,144 Kaplan, O. ................................................................................ 87 Karakawa, K. ......................................................................... 134 Karampelas, T. ......................................................................... 83 Karuna, S. ................................................................................ 54 Káš, J. ....................................................................................... 15 Kashige, N. ............................................................................ 123 Kašparovský, T. ....................................................................... 60 Kaushik, S. ............................................................................... 71 Kawahara, T. ................................................................... 112,144 Kawano, J. ............................................................................... 85 Kazimierczak, J. ....................................................................... 99 Kelley, R.I. ............................................................................... 23 Kenner, L. ................................................................................ 36 Kenzhebayeva, S. ............................................................. 98,126 Kern, T. .................................................................................. 116 Khaled, S.M. .......................................................................... 133 Khalesi, M. ............................................................................. 127 Khan, A.A. ............................................................................... 97 Khatua, S. ................................................................................. 34 Khowala, S. ............................................................................ 166 Kicenuik, K. ............................................................................. 33 Kihira, Y. ............................................................................... 124 Kil, S. ..................................................................................... 157 Kim, D. .................................................................................. 127 Kim, H. .................................................................................. 127 Kim, H.S. ................................................................................. 92 Kim, J. ...................................................................... 123,126,137 Kim, J.Y. .................................................................................. 21 Kim, S. ............................................................................ 127,157 Kim, W.-C. ............................................................................ 106 Kim, Y. .................................................................................. 157 Kim, Y.-K. ............................................................................. 106 King, G. .................................................................................... 33 Kirov, S. ................................................................................... 55 Author Index Kishi, K.L.T. ..........................................................................139 Klamt, S. ...................................................................................45 Kleinerman, E.S. ......................................................................44 Klein-Szanto, A. .......................................................................23 Klempová, J. .............................................................................60 Kobayashi, S. .........................................................................154 Koh, L. ......................................................................................89 Koike, H. .............................................................................16,85 Kojima, S. .................................................................................85 Kolbe, T. ...................................................................................36 Kon, E. ......................................................................................39 Kondo, A. .................................................................................51 Konomi, J. .......................................................................128,133 Kopacek, A. ............................................................................103 Korchagina, A.A. ...................................................................151 Kotey, C. ..................................................................................58 Kotrba, P. ..................................................................................55 Kovar, K. ...........................................................................56,129 Kratz, L.E. ................................................................................23 Křen, V. ....................................................................................80 Křenek, K. ................................................................................80 Krishna, M.C. .........................................................................153 Krishnarjuna, B. .......................................................................71 Krishnaswamy, R. ....................................................................68 Krivoruchko, A. .......................................................................57 Kulik, N. ...................................................................................80 Kumagai, T. .........................................................................16,85 Kumlehn, J. .....................................................................122,155 Kuroda, K. ................................................................................24 Kusayanagi, T. .......................................................................154 Kuyukina, M. ...........................................................................57 Kwiatkowska, E. ....................................................................109 Kwon, Y. .........................................................................123,137 L Lacava, F.l.S. ..........................................................................141 Lacey, J. ....................................................................................74 Laderoute, K.R. ........................................................................29 Lago, F. ....................................................................................96 Landa, P. ...................................................................................86 Lassen, L.M. .............................................................................53 Lataillade, J.J. ......................................................................25,26 Laube, T. ................................................................................102 Laura, C. .................................................................................108 Laureano, A.M. ........................................................................12 Laverrière, M. .........................................................................119 Lavisse, I.D. .............................................................................35 Leblanc, J.G. ..........................................................................156 Lebrun, L. .................................................................................57 Leclercq, S. .............................................................................156 Lee, D. ......................................................................................47 Lee, D.A. ..................................................................................12 Lee, J. .....................................................................................126 Lee, K.T. ...................................................................................58 Lee, M. ...................................................................................125 Lee, S. .....................................................................................123 Lee, Y. ....................................................................................123 Lemos, E.G.M. ................................................................105,139 Lemos, M.V.F. .......................................................................105 Leonhardt, T. ............................................................................55 Lergenmüller, S. .....................................................................103 Letovsky, S. .........................................................................41,58 Li, L. .......................................................................................128 Li, S. ....................................................................................33,59 Liao, E.-C. ..............................................................................108 Lickova, S. .........................................................................56,129 Lima, F.A. ..............................................................................156 Lima-Verde, I. ........................................................................119 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Limoli, C. ................................................................................. 59 Lin, C.F. ................................................................................. 125 Lin, H.-T. ............................................................................... 108 Linard, C. ............................................................................ 25,26 Linehan, W.M. ......................................................................... 29 Ling, T.C. ............................................................................... 152 Lioupis, A. ........................................................................ 60,120 Liu, B. ............................................................................... 93,164 Liu, G. ...................................................................................... 91 Liu, H. ...................................................................................... 23 Liu, J. ....................................................................................... 91 Liu, X. ...................................................................................... 59 Liu, Y. ...................................................................................... 91 Lochman, J. .............................................................................. 60 Loh, K.C. ........................................................................ 129,130 Lombello, R. .......................................................................... 117 Lopes, É.M. ............................................................................ 105 Lopomo, N. ............................................................................ 142 Lovejoy, K. ............................................................................ 116 Luiz, W.B. .............................................................................. 118 Lulla, R. ................................................................................... 34 Lulla, R.R. ................................................................................ 61 Luo, Y.Z. .................................................................................. 59 Luz, F. .................................................................................... 139 Lynch, A.J. ............................................................................. 130 M Machida, M. ........................................................................ 16,85 Mackiewicz, A. ...................................................................... 109 Madhavan, S. ........................................................................... 61 Mady, R.F. ........................................................................ 16,131 Madzimbamuto, T.F. ............................................................. 100 Magrini, F. ............................................................................. 139 Mahood, T. ............................................................................... 21 Majumder, R. ......................................................................... 166 Maltarello, M. ........................................................................ 142 Malvessi, E. .................................................................... 131,132 Manya, H. .............................................................................. 101 Manzanera, M. ......................................................................... 62 Marcacci, M. ...................................................... 39,69,74,81,142 María, R. ................................................................................ 113 Martin, P. ............................................................................... 127 Martinez, J.O. ........................................................................ 133 Martínková, L. ......................................................................... 87 Martino, R. ............................................................................... 99 Martins, D. ............................................................................. 146 Martins, E.G. .......................................................................... 118 Matěnová, M. ........................................................................... 55 Mateu-Andrés, I. .................................................................... 107 Mathieu, N. .............................................................................. 26 Matsuda, F. .............................................................................. 51 Matsui, K. ................................................................................ 24 Matsumoto, S. ........................................................................ 153 Matsuo, M. ............................................................................. 153 McAuliffe, J.C. ........................................................................ 62 McKay, A. ............................................................................... 67 Mehra, R. ................................................................................. 23 Mehrjardi, A. ......................................................................... 158 Meikle, S.T. ............................................................................. 74 Melchinger, A. ....................................................................... 122 Mellier, C. ................................................................................ 51 Melzoch, K. ........................................................................... 129 Méndez-Novelo, R.I. ............................................................. 145 Mendonça, T. .................................................................. 132,152 Merceron, C. ............................................................................ 32 Merli, L. ................................................................................... 39 Meuillet, E.J. ............................................................................ 29 Meyer, R. ............................................................................... 119 173 Miake, F. ................................................................................123 Mienda, B.S. ...........................................................................134 Mikai, S. .................................................................................133 Mikhailov, V. .........................................................................163 Miller, L.P. ...............................................................................89 Miller, T. ................................................................................116 Minardi, S. ..............................................................................133 Mira, J.J. .................................................................................163 Misra, A. ...................................................................................28 Mitchell, J.B. ..........................................................................153 Mitragotri, S. ..........................................................................116 Mitsuyama, T. ..........................................................................85 Miyamura, Y. ......................................................................16,85 Miyoshi, A. .............................................................................156 Møller, B.L. ..............................................................................53 Montesi, M. ..............................................................................69 Moo-Young, M. ..................................................................21,63 Moreira, W.M.Q. ....................................................................139 Moreno-Andrade, A. ..............................................................120 Moriggl, R. ...............................................................................36 Morinaga, Y. ..........................................................................134 Morisaka, H. .............................................................................24 Morita, H. ........................................... 113,128,133,134,144,147 Motlik, J. ..................................................................................63 Moubayed, N. .........................................................................124 Mourant, R. ..............................................................................47 Muhammad, S.A. .....................................................................65 Mujamammi, R. .....................................................................138 Mukai, Y. ................................................................................135 Mullen, B. .................................................................................64 Müller, M. ................................................................................36 Müller, P.P. ............................................................................103 Munasinghe, J.P. ....................................................................153 Munford, V. ............................................................................139 Münkel, R. ................................................................................64 Murayama, T. .........................................................................137 Musteanu, M. ...........................................................................36 Muthuchamy, M. ......................................................................66 Muthukumar, A. ...........................................................66,77,148 N Nadarajan, S. ..........................................................................161 Nagata, K. ...............................................................................134 Nagy, Z. ..................................................................................136 Naidu, R. ..................................................................................17 Nakagawa, S. ..........................................................................135 Nakashima, S. .........................................................................123 Nara, B. ..................................................................................166 Narváez-Reinaldo, J.J. .............................................................62 Nascimento, C.A.O. .................................................101,121,141 Navarro, E. .............................................................................140 Nebe, B. ..................................................................................102 Ng, J.C. .....................................................................................67 Nguyen, D. .............................................................................130 Nickisch-Rosenegk, M.V. ........................................................49 Nielsen, A.Z. ............................................................................53 Nikolsky, N. ...........................................................................163 Nikonova, A. ............................................................................23 Ninomiya, J. ......................................................112,128,144,147 Nishino, H. .............................................................................136 Nishizono, A. ...........................................................................85 Noemí, W.-M. ........................................................................113 Nora, E.-V. .............................................................................114 Nukolova, N.V. ......................................................................151 Nyul, D. ..................................................................................136 O 174 O’farril, J.S. ............................................................................. 44 Obata, M. ............................................................................... 101 Obořil, M. ................................................................................ 60 Ocampo, P.A. ......................................................................... 158 Ochs, M. .............................................................................. 18,42 Ogo, Y. ................................................................................... 137 Oh, B.-H. ................................................................................ 127 Oh, C. ....................................................................... 123,126,137 Oh, H. ..................................................................................... 157 Oh, M. .................................................................................... 157 Ojumu, T.V. ........................................................................... 100 Okada, N. ............................................................................... 135 Okada, Y. ............................................................................... 135 Olguín, E.J. .............................................................................. 18 Olsen, C.E. ............................................................................... 53 Olufolaji, A.O. ......................................................................... 95 Onyedineke, N.E. ..................................................................... 67 Ortiz, C. ...................................................................... 84,154,155 Ortolani, A. ....................................................................... 74,142 Osorio, C. ............................................................................... 163 Othman, R. ............................................................................. 162 Ouyang, J. ................................................................................ 68 Oyekola, O.O. ........................................................................ 100 Ozawa, K. .............................................................................. 137 P Paccez, J.D. ............................................................................ 118 Padilha, F. .............................................................................. 119 Padma, V.V. ............................................................................. 68 Paesi, S. .................................................................................. 139 Paini, M. ................................................................................. 104 Pak, K.-R. .............................................................................. 106 Palkovicova, L. ........................................................................ 11 Paradiso, L.J. ............................................................................ 89 Paredes, D.G. ......................................................................... 155 Pareek, D. ................................................................................. 46 Park, J. .................................................................................... 127 Park, J.W. ................................................................................. 92 Park, S.C. ............................................................................... 126 Park, Y.-T. ............................................................................. 138 Partida, M. ............................................................................. 117 Paschoalin, V.M.F. ............................................... 95,96,121,122 Pátek, M. .................................................................................. 87 Patella, S. ................................................................................. 39 Paula, C.-P. ............................................................................ 113 Pedrinho, E.A.N. .................................................................... 139 Peng, C. .................................................................................... 67 Penninger, J.M. ........................................................................ 36 Perdisa, F. ................................................................................ 39 Perego, P. .......................................................................... 98,104 Pereira, P.R. ...................................................................... 96,121 Pereira, V.B. .......................................................................... 156 Perera, S. ................................................................................ 103 Pérez-Olvera, D. .................................................................... 149 Perpetuo, E.A. .......................................................... 101,121,141 Perrone, A.E. .......................................................................... 104 Peshkur, T. ............................................................................... 57 Pessetto, Z. ............................................................................... 42 Petříčková, A. .......................................................................... 87 Pham, P. ................................................................................... 83 Philips, N. ................................................................................ 69 Picazo-Espinosa, R. ................................................................. 62 Pinho, F.B. ............................................................................. 121 Pinto Jr., W.R. .......................................................................... 95 Piotrowicz-Wasiak, M. .......................................................... 150 Piskin, E. .................................................................................. 44 Pitta, G. .................................................................................. 115 Podlipná, R. ............................................................................. 86 Author Index Polikarpov, I. ............................................................................70 Poloni, M.M. ...................................................................141,142 Pompejus, M. ...........................................................................70 Ponce-Caballero, C. ...............................................................120 Popper, H. .................................................................................36 Prabhawathi, V. ........................................................................36 Preston, J. .................................................................................21 Pribyl, P. ............................................................................56,129 Procházková, G. .......................................................................30 Prósperi, C.C. .........................................................................156 Proulx, C. ..................................................................................41 Ptáčková, N. .............................................................................60 Pungor, A. ..............................................................................136 Q Qiang, Z. ..............................................................................38,39 Quade, A. ................................................................................102 Quinlan, J. ................................................................................27 R Raab, R.M. ...............................................................................71 Rácz., M. ................................................................................139 Rafael, R.-H. ..........................................................................120 Raghothama, S. ........................................................................71 Raghunathana, V. .....................................................................71 Rahman, Atta-ur- ......................................................................10 Rajaram, V. .........................................................................34,47 Ramięga, T. ..............................................................................99 Ramrakhiani, L. ......................................................................166 Ramyaa, P. ................................................................................68 Rao, R.P. ...................................................................................72 Ratiskol, J. ................................................................................32 Ravnikar, M. ...........................................................................113 Rederstorff, E. ..........................................................................32 Reis, A. .....................................................................................78 Reis, T.A. ...............................................................................121 Rendueles, M. .........................................................................109 Renzo, M. ...............................................................................108 Requejo, A. .............................................................................125 Restifo, D. ................................................................................23 Ret, M. ......................................................................................69 Rezvani, M. ..............................................................................72 Rho, J.-R. ..................................................................................92 Richter, M. ................................................................................83 Riele, F. ..................................................................................117 Rinágelová, A. ..........................................................................87 Rink, L. .....................................................................................42 Ripplinger, P. ...........................................................................27 Rizwana, H. ............................................................................124 Roberto, D. .............................................................................166 Robinson, P. ...........................................................................103 Rocha, C.S. .............................................................................156 Rochet, N. .................................................................................51 Rodríguez, A. .........................................................................125 Rohrer, J. ..................................................................................56 Rojas, L. .................................................................................165 Rojas-Valenzuela, M.N. .........................................................145 Rome, C. ...................................................................................73 Rosana, F. ...............................................................................108 Rosenthal, A. ............................................................................95 Rosner, G. .................................................................................74 Rúa, A.G. ................................................................................167 Ruffini, A. ................................................................................81 Ruiz, A.LT.G. .........................................................................142 Rülicke, T. ................................................................................36 Russo, A. ...........................................................................74,142 Rzyska, M. ..............................................................................150 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 S Sabotič, J. ............................................................................... 113 Sácký, J. ................................................................................... 55 Sahai, V. ................................................................................. 102 Saik, A.Y.H. ........................................................................... 143 Sairi, F. ................................................................................... 144 Saito, K. ................................................................................. 153 Sakaguchi, K. ......................................................................... 154 Sakai, S. .......................................................................... 112,144 Salatino, M. ............................................................................ 116 Salehizadeh, H. ................................................................. 75,146 Sánchez-Pardo, M.E. ............................................................. 145 Sandhu, S.S. ............................................................................. 54 Sandri, M. .......................................................... 19,69,74,75,133 Sanford, K. ............................................................................... 76 San-Pedro-Cedillo, L. ............................................................ 145 SantaCruz-Calvo, L. ................................................................ 62 Santhosh, D. ........................................................................... 148 Santin, M. ................................................................................. 74 Santos, A.C.G. ....................................................................... 156 Santos, D.Y.A.C. ................................................................... 116 Sanz, A. .................................................................................. 107 Saraiva, P. .............................................................................. 156 Sarcevic, B. ............................................................................ 103 Sarma, M.V.R.K .................................................................... 102 Saroja, A.B.V. ........................................................................ 148 Satho, T. ................................................................................. 123 Sato, M. .................................................................................. 147 Sato, T. ................................................................................... 133 Sattler, S.E. ............................................................................ 111 Savini, E. ............................................................................. 69,75 Saxena, A.K. ............................................................................ 77 Saxena, P. ................................................................................. 96 Sayre, R. ................................................................................... 76 Sayyad, N. ................................................................................ 83 Schnabelrauch, M. ................................................................. 102 Schnitzler, V. ........................................................................... 51 Schramek, D. ........................................................................... 36 Schuetz, J.D. .......................................................................... 118 Schwarz, H. .............................................................................. 69 Secchi, S. ................................................................................. 96 Seitz, H. .................................................................................. 102 Sekiguchi, S. ............................................................................ 85 Semont, A. ............................................................................... 26 Senthilkumar, K. ............................................................... 77,148 Sepúlveda, L.J. ....................................................................... 163 Serebrennikova, M. .................................................................. 57 Serebriiskii, I.G. ....................................................................... 23 Sergio, B.-P. ........................................................................... 114 Serkova, N.J. ............................................................................ 29 Serrano-Maldonado, M.J. ...................................................... 149 Sesto, R. ................................................................................. 116 Sharma, A. ............................................................................... 79 Sharpless, K.B. .......................................................................... 5 Shaul, O. .................................................................................. 19 Shehata, A.I. .......................................................................... 124 Shein, S.A. ............................................................................. 151 Shelyakova, T. ......................................................................... 74 Shojaosadati, A. ..................................................................... 146 Showe, L.C. ............................................................................. 78 Silla, L. ..................................................................................... 12 Silva, J.T. .............................................................. 95,96,121,122 Silva, L.F. .............................................................................. 152 Silva, M.E.O. ......................................................................... 118 Silveira, M.M.M. ................................................................... 131 Simmionato, S. ....................................................................... 119 Singh, A. ............................................................................. 12,47 Singh, R. .................................................................................. 79 175 Sinquin, C. ................................................................................32 Siomyk, H. ...............................................................................69 Sivakumar, P.M. .......................................................................36 Skoletsky, J. .............................................................................41 Slámová, K. ..............................................................................80 Snyder, E.Y. ...............................................................................7 Soh, Y.-M. ..............................................................................127 Somanchi, S. .............................................................................12 Song, J.J. .................................................................................127 Song, K.G. ..............................................................................138 Sood, A. ....................................................................................79 Soriano-Santos, T.J. ...............................................................149 Soudek, P. .................................................................................86 South, C.R. ...............................................................................81 Souza, B.M. ............................................................................156 Souza, M.P. ............................................................................131 Souza, R.D. ............................................................................118 Sprio, S. ........................................................................19,81,142 Staiger, Schmid-U. ...................................................................64 Stańczyk, Ł. ................................................................99,149,150 Steinfeld, G. ......................................................................56,129 Stępczynska, M. .......................................................................99 Stoiber, D. ................................................................................36 Struszczyk- wita, K. .......................................................149,150 Subramanian, S. ................................................................87,153 Sugawara, F. ...........................................................................154 Sukhanova, A. ..........................................................................23 Sulsen, V. .................................................................................99 Svinka, J. ..................................................................................36 Swevers, L. .............................................................................120 Szczęsna-Antczak, M. .....................................................149,150 T Taciro, M.P.P.M.K. ................................................................132 Taciro, M.K. ...........................................................................152 Takaiwa, F. .............................................................................137 Takakusagi, K. .......................................................................154 Takakusagi, Y. ................................................................153,154 Takeda, I. .............................................................................16,85 Tamaki, T. ..............................................................................124 Tamano, K. ...............................................................................85 Tamarat, R. ...............................................................................25 Tamaru, Y. ..............................................................................101 Tampieri, A. ................................................. 19,69,74,75,81,133 Tamvakopoulos, C. ..................................................................83 Tan, D. ....................................................................................165 Tan, Y. ....................................................................................165 Tanner, J.A. ............................................................................161 Tasciotti, E. ............................................................................133 Tavares, F. ..............................................................................140 Tavares, M.B. .........................................................................118 Tavares, R. ..............................................................................152 Tavares, R.R. ..........................................................................132 Tavasoli, T. .............................................................................146 Taylor, P. ..................................................................................47 Terai, G. ...............................................................................16,85 Thöny-Meyer, L. ......................................................................83 Tiliket, G. .................................................................................57 Tina J. ........................................................................................54 Torres, A.P.R. .........................................................................131 Torres, R. ...........................................................................84,155 Torres, R.G. ............................................................................154 Torres-Maravilla, E. ...............................................................145 Tran, K.L.V. ...........................................................................129 Treat, W.J. ................................................................................89 Trnovec, T. ...............................................................................11 Trösch, W. ................................................................................27 Tsai, J.-J. .................................................................................108 176 Tsai, S.M. ............................................................................... 139 Tsitoura, P. ............................................................................. 120 Tsuchiya, K. ........................................................................... 124 Tsunoda, S. ............................................................................ 135 Tsutsumi, Y. ........................................................................... 135 Tuffer, L.G. ............................................................................ 155 Turk, M.Z. .............................................................................. 156 Tzakos, A.G. ............................................................................ 83 U Uda, T. ................................................................................ 49,85 Ueda, M. .................................................................................. 24 Ugwumba, I. ............................................................................ 47 Um, Y. .................................................................................... 157 Umemura, M. ...................................................................... 16,85 V Vaghefi, A. ............................................................................. 158 Vagner, M. ............................................................................... 86 Vahos, D.F. ............................................................................ 158 Valle, V. ................................................................................. 166 Valtchev, P. ............................................................................ 144 Vanek, T. ................................................................................. 86 Vankelecom, I. ....................................................................... 127 Vaňková, R. ............................................................................. 86 Varani, A.M. .......................................................................... 139 Vargas, F. ............................................................................... 125 Vasuki, V. ................................................................................ 87 Vaz, M. .................................................................................. 146 Vázquez-Landaverde, P. ........................................................ 145 Vericimo, M.A. ...................................................................... 121 Vermerris, W. .......................................................................... 21 Verónica, R.M. ...................................................................... 113 Verron, E. ................................................................................. 51 Veselá, A.B. ............................................................................. 87 Vilchez, J.I. .............................................................................. 62 Vivas, W. ............................................................................... 119 Voswinkel, J. ........................................................................... 26 W Wąchała, R. .............................................................................. 99 Wang, B. ........................................................................... 93,164 Wang, D. .................................................................................. 91 Wang, F. ................................................................................... 91 Wang, J. .............................................................................. 59,67 Wang, Q. ................................................................................ 159 Wankhade, S.D. ..................................................................... 107 Washington, K. ........................................................................ 11 Wei, X. ....................................................................... 93,164,165 Weiner, L.M. ............................................................................ 23 Weir, S. .................................................................................... 42 Weiss, F. ................................................................................ 129 Weiss, P. .................................................................................. 32 Weissmann V. ........................................................................ 102 Wen, Z. .................................................................................... 88 Wilson, M. ............................................................................. 146 Wolpe, S.D. .............................................................................. 89 Author Index Wong, C. ................................................................................103 Woo, H. ..................................................................................157 Woods, M. ................................................................................41 Wu, X.Y. ................................................................................159 Wyman, C.E. ............................................................................90 X Xia, X. ......................................................................................33 Xie, C. ......................................................................................91 Xu, L. .................................................................................91,164 Xu, S. ...................................................................................68,90 Xu, X. .......................................................................................91 Xue, J. .......................................................................................90 Y Yan, P. ....................................................................................159 Yang, D.-H. ..............................................................................23 Yang, X. ...................................................................................92 Yang, Y. .....................................................................91,159,164 Yassa, H. ................................................................................160 Ye, B. ......................................................................................123 Yih, W. .....................................................................................92 Yin, L. ....................................................................................160 Yoshikawa, M. .......................................................................135 Yoshioka, Y. ...........................................................................135 Yu, H. .....................................................................................159 Yu, J. ........................................................................................85 Yu, S.-C. .................................................................................108 Yu, T. ........................................................................................67 Yu, Y. .....................................................................................161 Yui, M. .....................................................................................85 Yun, H. ............................................................................138,161 Yunis, E.J. ..................................................................................6 Z Zachleder, V. ............................................................................30 Zaifuddin, F. ...........................................................................162 Zakrewsky, M. .......................................................................116 Zampieri, D. ...........................................................................139 Zapata, P.A. .....................................................................158,163 Zdráhal, Z. ................................................................................60 Zemelko, V. ............................................................................163 Zenz, R. ....................................................................................36 Zhang, J. .................................................................................128 Zhang, K.-Q. ............................................................................93 Zhang, M. ..........................................................................59,164 Zhang, T. ..................................................................................91 Zhang, Y. ..................................................................................91 Zhao, B. ..................................................................................165 Zhao, D. ......................................................................93,164,165 Zhao, H. ..................................................................................128 Zhao, Z. .............................................................................93,164 Zheng, H. ..................................................................................23 Zhou, Y. ....................................................................................23 Zhou, Z. .............................................................................91,164 Zuppiger, M. .............................................................................56 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 SUBJECT INDEX -A Acacia seeds.............................................................................114 Acid mine drainagae (AMD)...................................................138 Acidic and basic sites ......................................................100, 166 Actinomycetes .........................................................................138 Activated carbon................................................................88, 145 Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)..............................22-3, 46 Acylation..................................................................................143 Adalia bipunctata ...................................................................... 62 Aerobic processes ....................................................................146 Agents hypolipidemic.................................................................. 4 Aggrecanases ...........................................................................161 Agitation ....................................................................79, 146, 150 AiiA-AI96................................................................................164 AiiA-B546 ...............................................................................164 AiiO-AIO6 ...............................................................................164 Aldo-keto reductase............................................................119-20 Algae..............................................................................31, 57, 76 Algae extracts ............................................................................ 57 Algal biomass ............................................................................ 31 Algal oils.................................................................................... 31 Allergenicity ....................................................................108, 110 Allergy .................................................................................6, 110 Amino acid analyzer................................................................114 Ammonium acetate..................................................................133 Amylolytic enzymes productivity ...........................................128 Amylolytic starters .................................................................54-5 Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK).......................................158 Anatase....................................................................................... 98 Annonaceae................................................................................ 95 Anopheline mosquitoes ............................................................. 51 Anti-inflammatory effect.................................................123, 156 Anti-VEGF antibodies..........................................................151-2 Antibacterial activities......................... 25, 112-13, 138, 154, 159 Antibiotics......................................................25, 65, 88, 102, 155 Antibodies..................................................1, 15, 46, 89, 118, 151 Antibody conjugation ..............................................................136 Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs)..................................135, 153 Antifungal activity ...........................................138, 144, 155, 163 Antigenases................................................................................ 49 Antigens .............................................................46, 103, 118, 146 Antimicrobial activity.................................... 96-7, 124, 141, 154 Antioxidant activity ............................... 58, 99, 115-17, 142, 149 Antioxidants............. 58, 69, 98, 104, 116-17, 142, 145, 165, 167 Applications......... 3, 12, 15, 21, 24, 26-8, 30, 36-7, 39, 44, 47-8, 52-3,55, 87, 101-2 clinical ..........................................3, 12, 26, 39, 42, 110, 151 industrial ......................... 27, 45, 47, 53, 84, 86, 112-13, 122 AprX gene...............................................................................95-6 Aptamers..................................................................................161 Aqueous garlic extract (AGE) ................................................... 25 Aqueous two-phase flotation (ATPF) .....................................152 Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS).......................................... 60 Arthrospira platensis.............................................................104-5 Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRT) ........................12, 34 Autoclaved toxoplasma vaccine (ATV) ..................................131 Axons ......................................................................................90-1 B Bacillus nematodica .................................................................. 94 Bacterial pathogenesis ............................................................... 93 Bacterial strains ...................................................62, 65, 101, 132 Bamboo powder....................................................................134-5 Bark, eucalyptus ........................................................................ 70 Bio-monitoring .......................................................................... 16 177 Bioactivity ................................................................... 39, 52, 163 Biocatalysis ......................................................10, 87-8, 149, 152 Biocatalysts, immobilized................................................... 57, 84 Bioconversion ................................................54, 63, 143, 149-50 Biodegradation .................................................................. 13, 166 Biodiesel..........................................................18, 30-1, 78-9, 100 Bioemulsifier........................................................................ 105-6 Bioethanol ..............................................................30-1, 125, 130 Biofilms.......................................................................... 36, 106-7 Biofuels ....................................................... 18, 27, 37, 54, 78, 88 Biohydrogen ..................................................................... 30-1, 45 Biolistic ................................................................................... 155 Biomarkers ...................................................... 11, 16, 61, 78, 107 Biomass .................... 14, 21, 24, 32, 48, 56, 70-1, 76, 81, 88, 90, 99-100, 111, 158, 166 oleaginous..................................................................... 150 Biomass conversion ............................................................. 13-14 Biomass-degrading proteins...................................................... 24 Biomaterials .............................................7, 20, 36, 44, 75-6, 134 Biomedical applications...................................................... 75, 97 Biomimesis................................................................................ 82 Biomorphic transformations ..................................................... 82 Bioreactors .......................................... 57, 60, 129, 146, 158, 165 Biorefinery .................................................................... 18, 48, 76 Biosorption .............................................................................. 166 Biotechnology ..................10, 13, 45, 52, 57, 63-4, 112, 136, 155 complex .............................................................................. 57 enzyme ......................................................................... 27, 52 Biotransformations....................................................... 10, 149-50 Bisphenol-A ............................................................................ 145 Blastocysts............................................................................... 165 Blood ................................................................... 9, 38, 41, 78, 89 BMIs............................................................................................ 1 Bone...............................................................19-20, 39, 81-2, 133 Bone graft............................................................................. 164-5 Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) .................... 93 Bone regeneration ............................................................ 74, 81-2 Brain AVMs ........................................................................... 37-8 Brain tumors......................................................................... 151-2 Broccoli ................................................................................... 108 Brown adipocytes...................................................................... 43 Brown adipose tissue (BAT)..................................................... 43 Brown algae .................................................................... 123, 157 Brucellosis............................................................................... 127 Butyric acid ............................................................................. 157 C C. tyrobutyricum 157 C-terminal domain .................................................................... 72 Ca2+ mobilization ................................................................. 120-1 Caenorhabditis elegans............................................................. 62 Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs)...................................... 51-2 Callus cultures...................................................................... 162-3 Cancer.. 2, 7, 10, 18, 23, 28, 33, 36, 46, 49-50, 59, 61, 65, 69, 78 Cancer cells ............................................................. 2, 49, 69, 103 breast .................................................................................. 97 Carboxyl .................................................................................. 166 Cardiac hypertrophy.................................................................. 92 Carotenoid biosynthesis ....................................................... 162-3 Carotenoids.........................................................45, 58, 79, 162-3 Catalytic activities..................................................................... 49 Cartilage regeneration ................................................ 20, 32-3, 39 CB1............................................................................................ 91 CB2............................................................................................ 91 CD82 ....................................................................................... 165 CD82 antibody ........................................................................ 165 CD82 protein ........................................................................... 165 CDK-cyclins............................................................................ 103 178 Cell based assays .....................................................................121 Cell-based medicinal products .................................................. 35 Cell culture.........................................................................69, 165 Cell dry weight (CDW) .....................................................56, 153 Cell growth ........................................................................34, 131 Cell suspension cultures ..........................................................167 Cell therapy.........................................................................8-9, 89 Cells .... 1-3, 12, 19-20, 43, 46, 49, 55-6, 69, 83, 89, 92-3, 102-3, 129-31, 144, 160 animal ...............................................................................136 human adipose stromal vascular ........................................ 43 immobilized ......................................................................132 leukemic.............................................................................. 46 normal ...........................................................................49, 69 Cellular components ..........................................................66, 126 Cellulases ............................................. 13-14, 27, 54, 94, 99, 137 Cellulose .....................................13-14, 24, 54, 63-4, 71, 99, 137 Cellulose nanofibers ...........................................................99-100 Cellulosomes.............................................................................. 24 Centrin .....................................................................................103 Centrosome ..............................................................................103 Chagas’ disease (CD) ..............................................104, 119, 140 Chito-oligosaccharides ............................................................122 Chitosan .............................................................................75, 122 Chlorella...................................................................................160 Chlorogenic acid......................................................................109 Chloroplast................................................................................. 53 Cinnamic acid ..........................................................................143 Circular dichroism .............................................................71, 154 Cisplatin ...................................................................................160 Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity ............................................160 Click chemistry............................................................................ 5 Clostridium cellulovorans ......................................................... 24 CNS tumors ............................................................................... 61 Co-culture system, submerged ........................................128, 133 Cocoa butter.............................................................................167 Colocasia esculenta..............................................................121-2 Composite coatings.................................................................... 39 Consortia..................................................................................120 Copper........................................................................98, 101, 121 Cord blood transplantation ........................................................ 89 Covariates .................................................................................. 74 Crohn's Disease........................................................................156 Cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) ............................... 85 Croton species .........................................................................116 Cultures bacterial ....................................................................119, 129 mixed ................................................................................146 Cyanide hydratases (CHs) ............................................. 87-8, 137 Cyclodextrins (CDs) .................................................................. 60 Cyclopropyl fatty acid synthase (CPFAS) ................................ 47 Cysteine .....................................................................45, 114, 155 Cytokinins.................................................................................. 41 Cytotoxicity ................................... 38, 44-5, 49, 68, 97, 103, 113 D Dairy plant ..............................................................................95-6 De novo genome assembly ........................................................ 86 Degenerative disc disease (DDD) ...........................................161 Denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) ................................................................................ 59 Dextran sulfate........................................................................... 38 Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).................................................156 Dha cluster ...............................................................................115 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid ..........................................................137 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).............. 58, 116-17, 142 Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) ....................................123 DNA repair ..............................................................................103 Subject Index Driver genes .............................................................................. 28 Drug/protein interactions ........................................................ 154 Dyslipidemia ..................................................................... 43, 140 E Effluent............................................................................ 145, 166 Eisenia foetida........................................................................... 62 Electro-chemo-gene therapies (ECGT) .................................... 33 Electroporation .......................................................................... 33 Elicitins...................................................................................... 60 Emulsification index ............................................................ 105-6 Endometrial cancer............................................................... 128-9 Endometrial cancer patients .................................................... 128 Endophytic fungi..................................................................... 141 Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)................................................. 8, 53 Endothelial cells ........................................................................ 73 vascular ............................................................................ 103 procine aortic.................................................................... 103 human umbilical vain....................................................... 123 Enterobacter aerogenes .......................................................... 131 Environmental biotechnology................................................... 17 Enzymatic acidolysis............................................................ 150-1 Enzymatic acylation ................................................................ 143 Enzyme mixtures....................................................................... 37 Enzymes ...............1, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24, 27, 36-7, 52-3, 80, 83-5, 87-8, 90, 122, 164 amylolytic................................................................. 128, 148 cellulolytic................................................................... 99-100 Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ............................... 23 ER intrabodies ............................................................................. 8 Estrogen metabolites ............................................................ 128-9 Estrogens .............................................................................. 128-9 Ethanol productivity................................................................ 130 EtOH................................................................................... 116-17 Euglena...................................................................................... 67 Exoenzyme .............................................................................. 107 Exopolysaccharides (EPS) ..........................................32-3, 105-6 Extracts............57-8, 69, 108, 113, 115-17, 124, 141-2, 149, 163 crude................................................................. 115, 117, 142 polar.................................................................................. 117 proteinaceous mushroom ................................................. 113 F Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC)............................. 96 Fatty acid salts................................................................. 112, 144 antifungal activity ................................................... 112, 144 Femoral head ................................................................ 143, 164-5 osteonecrosis ................................................................. 164-5 Fenton...................................................................................... 145 Fermentable sugars ................................................. 13, 21, 37, 71 Fermentation ............................62, 88, 111, 125, 130-1, 145, 160 Flat Panel Airlift (FPA)....................................................... 27, 65 Flavonoid production .............................................................. 137 Flavonoids ............................................69, 116-17, 137, 143, 167 (2S, 4S)-4-Fluoroproline...................................................... 161-2 Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) ........................... 144 Fluorescence production ......................................................... 107 Foodborne............................................................................ 66, 96 Fractions ...................................................................... 76, 88, 117 main.................................................................................. 125 methanol........................................................................... 117 Free amino acids ..................................................................... 160 Fungal -N-acetylhexosaminidases .......................................... 80 Fungal genomes ........................................................................ 16 Fungi.................. 4, 13, 37, 44, 86-7, 94, 121, 133, 138, 155, 163 nematode-trapping ............................................................. 94 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 G G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) .................................120-1 G9a-like protein (GLP).............................................................. 34 GA production .........................................................................133 Gallium ...................................................................................... 52 Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) .................................42-3 Genetic ......................................11, 15, 18, 21, 30-1, 48, 51, 56-7 Genetic algorithm (GA)...............................................30, 66, 133 Genetic diversity.....................................................................54-5 Genetically modified (GM) ..................................... 15, 62, 107-8 Genome identification .............................................................106 Genomic signatures ...........................................................28, 106 Genotypes ....................................................................59, 98, 139 GIST patients ............................................................................. 42 Glucoamylase ...................................................... 128, 133, 147-8 Glucoamylase production................................................133, 147 Glucose ...................21, 24, 56, 64, 123, 128-30, 132-3, 137, 155 Glycerol ...........................................................................115, 131 Glycerol dehydratase ...............................................................115 Glycosomal localization ............................................................ 72 GnRH-gemcitabine conjugates.................................................. 83 GR 103691................................................................................. 55 Grain protein content (GPC) ...................................................126 Granular activated carbon (GAC) ...................................125, 145 Groundnut oil...........................................................................115 H Heart failure (HF) ...................................................................... 92 Heat treatment..........................................................................147 Heavy metals ...................................19, 55, 57, 98, 101, 121, 138 Hemicelluloses................................................... 13, 70-1, 90, 125 Hemocyanin .............................................................................144 Hemocyanin biosynthesis........................................................144 Herpes simplex virus (HSV) ..............................................113-14 Hierarchically organized scaffolds............................................ 82 High antifungal activity ...................................................112, 144 Histone methyl transferases (HMTs) ..................................34, 48 Hollow fiber membrane phobioreactor (HFMP).....................129 HOP extracts.............................................................................. 69 HSV-1 .................................................................................113-14 HSV-2 ......................................................................................113 Human brown adipocytes .......................................................... 43 Human endometrial stem cells ................................................164 Human HCC Cells ..................................................................... 91 Human serum proteins............................................................... 68 Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)...............123 Huntington's disease (HD)................................................40, 63-4 Hydrolysates .............................................................. 109-10, 130 Hydrolysis.................................. 13, 54, 87-8, 114, 125, 150, 160 Hydrotalcite catalyst ................................................................100 Hydrothermal treatment...........................................................125 Hydroxyapatite ..............................................................39, 75, 82 4-Hydroxyestradiol..................................................................129 Hydroxyls ..........................................................................38, 166 Hypoxia....................................................................................159 Hyptis species ..........................................................................117 I IBD mouse model ....................................................................156 IL-10 ....................................................................................6, 156 IL-11 ........................................................................................109 Ilex affinis.............................................................................108-9 Ilex paraguariensis ...................................................................109 Imatinib mesylate (IM)...........................................................42-3 Immunogenic proteins ............................................................... 50 Immunohistochemistry ........................................34, 91, 156, 158 179 Immunomodulation ................................................................. 122 Inflammation ............................................3, 6-7, 68, 89, 118, 156 Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) ............................... 123, 156 Inhibitors ................................................................. 4, 21, 77, 130 Inhibitory effects ......................................................... 58, 97, 123 Interactome-transcriptome integration (ITI)............................. 28 Interleukin-10.......................................................................... 156 Intracytoplasmic photosynthetic membranes (ICM) ................ 45 Invasive Lactococcus lactis strain .......................................... 156 Ionic liquids (ILs).................................................................... 116 IPS cells....................................................................................... 5 Iron .................................................................................. 117, 138 Isotopolome............................................................................... 29 IWAS......................................................................................... 29 J J. curcas .................................................................................... 79 J. diodica ................................................................................. 113 K Klebsiella pneumoniae...................................................... 50, 115 L L-DOPA ............................................................................... 161-2 L-HPG .................................................................................. 161-2 Laccase ........................................................................... 83-4, 100 Lactobacillus casei.................................................................. 123 Lactobacillus plantarum ......................................................... 160 Lactobionic acid ...................................................................... 132 Lamiaceae................................................................................ 117 Lauric acid salt ........................................................................ 112 LC-MS..................................................................................... 129 Leachate .................................................................................. 145 Leishmania .............................................................................. 146 Leptolyngbya sp. ..................................................................... 126 Levulinic acid (LA)........................................................... 64, 132 LFM......................................................................................... 153 Lignin .......................................................... 84, 90, 111, 125, 157 Ligninolytic enzymes ......................................................... 99-100 Lignocellulose ............................................................... 14, 58, 64 Lignocellulosic biomass.......................13-14, 21, 24, 37, 88, 100 Lipases..............................................27, 36, 84, 143, 149-50, 152 whole-cell......................................................................... 150 Lipid production...................................................18, 48, 64-5, 88 neutral................................................................................. 48 Liposomes ............................................................................ 151-2 Listeria monocytogenes............................................................. 66 Local lymph node assay (LLNA) ........................................... 110 Low density lipoproteins........................................................... 38 Lymphatic filariasis (LF) .......................................................... 87 Lysine ...................................................................................... 114 M Macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)............................... 123 Magnetic forces......................................................................... 74 Magnetic nanoparticles ....................................................... 69, 75 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ....................................... 153 Maillard-type protein-polysaccharide conjugates (MPPC) .... 159 Malarial prevention ................................................................... 51 Male sterile line (MSLs) .............................................. 12-13, 122 Mass-culture .............................................................................. 93 Medulloblastoma........................................................... 12, 34, 47 Megakaryocytes (MK) ............................................................ 109 Megakaryopoiesis ................................................................... 109 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). 8-9, 25, 69, 72-3, 93, 160, 163 Metabolic syndrome............................................................ 11, 28 180 Metabolites ............................................30, 56, 62, 128, 133, 165 secondary ..............................................16, 86, 116, 138, 141 2-Methoxyestradiol..................................................................129 Microalgae biomass................................................................... 18 Microalgal biomass..................................................................129 Microalgal growth .............................................................30, 129 Microbes ..............................................................10, 31, 137, 148 Microbial fuel cell (MFCs)..........................................17, 66, 155 Microplates .............................................................................48-9 MicroRNAs.............................................................................61-2 Microvasculature ....................................................................... 73 Minimum concentration (MC) ................................................117 Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) .............112, 117, 141, 144, 154-5 Mixotrophic conditions......................................................56, 129 Molecular xenomonitoring (MX) .............................................. 87 Monoclonal antibodies ....................................................110, 151 Monomers ....................................................62, 64, 132, 145, 152 Morinda citrifolia ....................................................................163 Mosquito odorant receptors (ORs) ............................................ 50 Mosquito vector ......................................................................... 50 Mosquito vector control............................................................. 51 Mosquito repellents ................................................................... 51 Mtb infection ............................................................................... 6 Multi drug resistance protein 4 (MRP4) .................................118 Multi-functionality protein ......................................................162 Multi-pronged approach .........................................................42-3 Multienzyme preparations ..................................................99-100 Mutant strains ....................................................................13, 105 Mycobacterium ........................................................................148 Myelin sheath..........................................................................90-1 Myoblast cells..........................................................................147 N N-alkanes ................................................................................... 67 NADPH...................................................................................... 53 Nanodevices.........................................................................75, 90 Nanoemulsions .......................................................................... 35 NanoFe3O4 complex.................................................................. 38 NanoFe3O4 powders.................................................................. 38 Nanoferroferric oxide ................................................................ 38 Nanoferroferric spheroid ........................................................... 38 Nanomedicine ...................................................................20-1, 69 Naphthoquinones .....................................................................120 Natural products................................................... 53, 116-17, 120 Nematodes ........................................................................62, 93-4 Neural stem cells (NSCs) ............................................................ 7 Nigella sativa oil (NSO) .......................................................16-17 Nitric oxide ..................................................................13, 99, 140 Nitrogen ................................................................... 48, 65, 165-6 Nitrogen-doped anatase ............................................................. 98 NMR structure ........................................................................... 72 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).............................. 28 Non canonical amino acids (NCAAs) .....................................161 Norovirus ................................................................................... 77 Novel immunodominant proteins.........................................49-50 O Obesity epidemic ...................................................................1, 11 Obesity treatment...................................................................1, 43 Obstetrics ..............................................................................163-4 Ocimum basilicum ...................................................................163 Odorant receptors (ORs)............................................................ 50 Oil palm frond petioles (OPFP)................................................. 58 Oligodeoxynucleotide..............................................................123 Olive tree prunings ..................................................................125 Organic acids ........................................................................132-3 Subject Index Orphan diseases......................................................................... 42 Osteochondral lesions ............................................................... 40 OTA-induced oxidative stress................................................... 68 Outdoor pilot plant ................................................................. 64-5 Oxygen ................................................ 66, 69, 115, 146, 153, 159 Ozonation .................................................................................. 66 P PANC-1 cells ............................................................................ 49 Pancreas............................................................................. 46, 159 Paper industry......................................................................... 52-3 Paperboard................................................................................. 52 Pathogens ...............................................................49-50, 66, 155 PCR-SSCP................................................................................. 59 Pdu clusters 115 Penicillium pinophilum ........................................................... 144 Peptides ....................................................... 83, 96, 110, 154, 160 Preimplantation embryos ........................................................ 165 Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)........................... 78 Petroleum products ................................................................. 141 Phenanthrene ........................................................................... 120 Phenolic compounds production............................................... 98 Phenotype ...................................................19, 28-9, 64, 106, 118 Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) ..................................... 137 Phosphates...................................................................... 18, 165-6 Phosphoglycerate kinase ........................................................ 71-2 Phospholipid bilayer .............................................................. 90-1 Phosphorylation............................................................... 103, 124 Physiological parameters .......................................................... 98 Pinophilum .............................................................................. 144 Pipes inserted microaglae reactor (PIMR).............................. 138 Plant biomass ...............................................27, 99-100, 111, 150 Plant biotechnology................................................................... 41 Plant constituents .................................................................... 136 Plant extracts ..................................................... 97, 113, 115, 124 Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)................. 62, 102 Plant pathogenic bacteria ........................................................ 113 Plant products..................................................................... 116-17 Plant residues ............................................................................ 63 Plant species .............................................................................. 19 Plasma technology .................................................................. 102 Poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) .......................................................... 57 Polyacrylamide gels .................................................................. 68 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) .................................... 132, 152-3 Polymers.................................... 36, 62, 64, 83, 99, 102, 132, 150 Polyphenols ........................................... 57, 69, 98, 105, 109, 165 Porous tantalum rod ....................................................... 93, 164-5 Potassium caprate.................................................................... 144 antifungal activity ........................................................... 144 Production ............ 1, 6, 12-15, 18, 21, 51-3, 62-3, 92-3, 96, 100, 111-12,131-4, 136-7, 150-1, 165 amylolytic enzymes ......................................................... 128 bio-resource...................................................................... 126 biodiesel ............................................................. 78, 100, 115 Production of algae biomass ..................................................... 64 Production of biogas ................................................................. 18 Production of withaferin ........................................................... 96 Prognosis ................................................................................... 78 1,3-Propanediol ................................................................. 63, 115 Protein extraction .............................................................. 14, 163 Protein production..................................................................... 13 Protein synthesis inhibitory factor (PSIF) .............................. 135 Proteins............ 2, 4, 8, 10, 14, 21, 24, 36, 49-50, 83-5, 118, 121, 126-7,144, 160-3 non-cellulosomal................................................................ 24 single ................................................................................ 161 Proteomics......................................................................... 94, 136 Pseudomonas sp. ............................................................... 95, 141 World Biotechnology Congress 2013 Purple bacteria ........................................................................... 45 Pulsed plasma deposition (PDD)..........................................142-3 Purification ........................................65, 113, 127, 132, 149, 152 Q Quercetin....................................................................68, 117, 143 R Rabies virus ............................................................................... 85 Radiation................................................................ 8-9, 25, 33, 72 Radiotherapy................................................................ 8-9, 26, 59 RAPD-PCR.............................................................................54-5 Rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs).............................124 Reactive dye.............................................................................166 Reactive oxygen species (ROS) ..................43, 99, 116, 119, 167 Reactor .......................................................................65, 125, 138 Receptor antagonist ................................................................... 51 Recombinant protein production .............................................146 Recombinant strain hosting pdu gene .....................................115 Regenerative medicine ..................................73, 75, 89, 133, 147 Renewable energy..............................................................66, 113 Resistance ................................. 15, 25, 56, 61, 98, 101, 142, 148 insulin ...........................................................................11, 28 Response surface method (RSM) ..............................30, 100, 146 RhIL-11....................................................................................109 Rho-kinase ...............................................................................124 Rhogocyte cells........................................................................144 Riolozatrione............................................................................113 RNA .....................................................................................41, 78 S Sago starch................................................................................. 60 Sake brewing ...................................................................128, 147 Scaffolds ........................................ 20, 40, 69, 74-5, 82, 102, 134 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM).39, 70, 100, 102, 124, 145 Seaweeds.................................................................................23-4 Secondary metabolism (SM) ...............................................16, 85 Secretome .................................................................................. 24 Sediments.................................................................120, 145, 148 Selectins ..................................................................................... 89 Sensitisation.............................................................................110 Sequential treatment ........................................................112, 122 Serotonin..................................................................................120 Silver nanoparticles .......................................21, 68, 97, 124, 155 Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) ............................................21, 155 SIMPL domains .......................................................................127 Skeletal muscle tissues, artificial.............................................147 SkimuneT technologies ...........................................................110 SM gene clusters...............................................................16, 85-6 SNU-1 cells................................................................................ 49 Softmaterial waveguide ............................................................. 91 Solar energy ............................................................................... 76 Sophorolipids (SLs)..............................................................12-13 Stearic acid...........................................................................79, 97 Stem cell therapy ....................................................................... 26 Stem cells...........................................................7, 9, 72, 109, 163 mesenchymal ................................................ 8, 25-6, 69, 160 Sterol C4-methyl oxidase-like (SC4MOL) ............................... 23 Subtilisin ..............................................................................36, 94 Sugarcane bagasse ...............................................................63, 70 Super-proteome.......................................................................... 24 181 Surface chemistry.................................................................... 166 T Tantalum.................................................................................... 93 Tantalum rod group................................................................. 164 Technical variability ................................................................. 41 Theobroma cacao ............................................................ 165, 167 Thymosin..................................................................................... 3 Tibetan sheep ............................................................................ 59 Tissue engineering ............................ 20, 40, 69, 74, 93, 134, 147 Tissue regeneration .............................................................. 19-20 Transgene .................................................................... 36, 64, 155 Transmembrane helix............................................................. 71-2 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) ................. 75, 97, 155 Transplantation.......................................................................... 72 Treatment of irradiation victims ................................................. 8 Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid .................................................. 156 Tris-EDTA (TE)........................................................................ 87 Trypanocidal effect ............................................................ 119-20 Trypanosoma cruzi.......................................................... 104, 120 Tryptophan .............................................................................. 114 Tumor cells............................................................ 12, 26, 44, 103 Tumor tissues ............................................................ 78, 151, 153 U Umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) ......................... 89 UV stress .............................................................................. 104-5 V Vaccine development pipeline.................................................. 50 Vaccines ............1-2, 10, 36, 46, 49-50, 65, 85, 118-19, 131, 139 Vascular calcification.............................................................. 124 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).............. 69, 72, 103, 135, 151, 159 Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) ................................... 124 VEGF mRNA.......................................................................... 159 VEGFR-2 ................................................................................ 103 Vero cells............................................................................ 113-14 Vibrio fischeri............................................................................ 62 Vitamin A deficiency (VAD).................................................. 162 W Waste vegetable oil ................................................................. 100 Wastewater treatment.......................................................... 66, 75 bacterial ............................................................................ 129 Wheat genotypes ....................................................................... 98 Winter wheat Mironovskaya-808 ............................................. 98 Withania somnifera ................................................................... 96 X Xylanase ............................................................................ 21, 137 Y Yeasts .....................................31, 51, 56, 78-9, 96, 141, 145, 147 Z Zymomonas mobilis................................................................. 132