Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.
To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser.
ABSTRAK Infeksi penyakit karat yang disebabkan oleh Phakopsora pachyrhizi dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil pada kedelai hingga 75%. Salah satu cara mengatasinya ialah dengan menanam varietas tahan. Tujuan penelitian ialah menguji ketahanan 10 genotipe kedelai terhadap penyakit karat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 3 ulangan. Inokulasi pada tanaman berumur 3 minggu dilakukan dengan menyemprotkan suspensi spora P. pachyrhizi (kepadatan urediniospora 10 4 mL-1) ke permukaan daun pada 10 genotipe kedelai (MLGG 0005, MLGG 0253, MLGG 0465, MLGG 0470, var. Argomulyo, var. Tanggamus, var. Wilis, var. Burangrang, var. Grobogan, dan var. Dering 1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh genotipe kedelai yang diuji tergolong agak tahan terhadap penyakit karat berdasarkan metode IWGSR. Pada kondisi terinfeksi penyakit karat, kedelai var. Wilis dan Dering 1 mampu menghasilkan biji per tanaman tertinggi, masing-masing seberat 7.15 dan 5.21 g. Kata kunci: aksesi plasma nutfah, IWGSR, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, varietas kedelai ABSTRACT Rust disease caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi can reduce soybean yields up to 75%. One solution to overcome the rust disease is by planting resistant varieties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance of 10 soybean genotypes to rust disease. The research was conducted in the greenhouse. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Inoculation of rust pathogen on 3 weeks-old plants was done by spraying urediniospore suspension (density 10 4 mL-1) to the surface of the leaves on the 10 soybean genotypes (MLGG 0005, MLGG 0253, MLGG 0465, MLGG 0470, var. Argomulyo, var. Tanggamus, var. Wilis, var. Burangrang, var. Grobogan, dan var. Dering 1). The results showed that all soybean genotypes were classified as moderately resistant to rust diseases based on the method of IWGSR. Although the plants were infected by rust disease, var. Wilis and Dering 1 produced the highest seed yield per plant (7.15 and 5.21 g, respectively), due to the good appearance of the plants, and the high number of branches, reproductive nodes, and number of filled pods. Therefore, these genotypes might be used as a good germplasm accession. PENDAHULUAN Kedelai merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan terpenting di Indonesia. Tahu, tempe, kecap, dan susu merupakan produk olahan yang menggunakan biji kedelai. Umumnya kedelai berbiji besar berwarna kuning untuk pembuatan tempe dan susu, sedangkan biji kecil berwarna kuning untuk kecambah sayur dan tahu, dan kedelai biji kecil dan besar berwarna hitam untuk pembuatan kecap. Usaha meningkatkan produksi kedelai di Indonesia sering menemui hambatan, salah satunya adalah infeksi penyakit karat.
2018 •
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is generally sensitive to soil salinity. Soybean cultivars tolerant to salinity, if available, is importance to produce the crop on saline soil. The objective of the research was to evaluate the degree of tolerance of soybean genotypes to salinity. The research was conducted on saline soil in Lamongan District, during the dry season of 2016 (May-August). Nineteen soybean genotypes that had been selected for salinity tolerance in the previous greenhouse experiment were evaluated in the field, using a randomized block design wit h three replications. Cultivar Wilis was used as a sensitive check to salinity. Observations were done on soil properties before planting, number of plants survive at 13 and 41 days after sowing (DAS), plant height at 41, 56 and 71 DAS, chlorophyll content index at 27, 41 and 56 DAS, soil EC at 71 DAS, number of harvested plants, grain yield and yield components. Results showed that among 19 genotypes tested, five genotypes survived on high level of salinity soil until harvest of around 30 to 50% of the original plant population. Salinity reduced plant population by more than 50% and reduced 50% plant height from its normal growth. Based on soil EC, plant populations at harvest, and grain yield, genotype Karat 13, Grayak 3, and Grayak 5 were considered as tolerant to high salinity soil (EC 11,7-14,4 dS/m), while MLGG 0160 was only tolerant to moderate salinity soil (EC up to 9,1 dS/m). Grain yield of tolerance varieties, however, were low and unfeasible for the economic soybean production on the saline soil.
Rust, incited by P. arachidis is one of the most limiting diseases of peanut. To obtain systemic induced resistance, plant can be induced by the application of external inducers. Salicylic acid, ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), chitin of shrimp shell, jasmine leaf crude extract, and dipotassium hydrogen phosphat (K2HPO4) had been tested as inducers in the Glasshouse of the Department of Plant Entomology and Phytopathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran at Jatinangor (700 m above the sea level) from December 2000 – April 2001. Peanut (var. Gajah) plants were sprayed with the suspension of the inducers three times started at 19 dap with seven day interval between application. Three days after the last application, plants were inoculated with the rust uredospores. Results indicated that salicylic acid, EDTA, chitin of shrimp shell, jasmine leaf crude extract, and K2HPO4 induced SIR of peanut against rust and reduced the rust AUDPC of 50.5%; 22%; 21.8%; 36.4%; dan 0.3% over the AUDPC of control. Whereas, the AUDPC of asibensolar-S-methyl-mankozeb, as the check treatment, reduced the rust of 75.5% over the AUDPC of control.
Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Respon Beberapa Genotipe Kacang Tanah terhadap Penyakit Layu Bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum) di Rumah Kaca2016 •
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi
Hubungan Perakaran Beberapa Kultivar Kedelai Dengan Kemampuan Bersaing Melawan Gulma2018 •
Aim of this research was to know yield potential and others important characteristic of eight soybean genotypes and to choose rust resistant genotype through rust resistance scoring. The research was carried out at the Soybean Research and Development Centre, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto started from May up to November 2004. Eight soybean genotypes tested were Slamet, Sindoro, Leuser, Lokal, SL3 113, SL3 132, Si 043, and Si 053 designed with randomized completely design and three replication. The observed variables were crop height, numbers of pod per crop, numbers of seed per crop, crop respond to rust disease, and rust disease intensity. Result showed that growth of those genotypes was faster in the early of planting, from 30-40 days after planting, but after 40 days the growth was slowly, and stop after 70 days. Trifoliate leaves were constant at 50 days after planting. The genotypes with less triafoliate were Lokal, Leuser, and SL 3132, while Si 043 (Sindoro mutant)...
Salinity stress affects metabolic processes of plants and it can cause changes in plant morphology. Information on soybean morphological characters due to salinity stress is important for breeding programs of soybean salinity tolerant. The objective of research was to study the response of morphological characters of four soybean genotypes to salinity stress. The research was conducted in a greenhouse at Iletri (Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute), Malang in 2013/2014. Four soybean genotypes consisted of Wilis and Tanggamus varieties ( salinity sensitive), IAC100/Bur//Mal-10-KP-21-50 (G1) and Argopuro // IAC100 (G2) that are tolerant to salinity. The genotypes were tested at five levels of soil salinity i.e. 1.5 dS/m, 6.6 dS/m, 10.9 dS/m, 13.4 dS/m and 15.6 dS/m. Treatments arranged in randomized complete block design, replicated three times. The results showed that increasing salinity decreased plant height, leaf chlorophyll content index (CCI) and seed size, and increased scorch score in all genotypes. Increasing salinity reduced CCI by 45% on sensitive genotypes, but no symptoms on tolerant genotypes. Density and lenght of trichomes of G1 and G2 genotypes were higher than Wilis and Tanggamus. Stomata of G1 and G2 genotypes opened 93% wider than Wilis and Tanggamus. At salinity level 15.6 dS/m, seed size of G1 was 9.4 g/100 seeds and G2 was 10.2 g/100 seeds, while Wilis and Tanggamus could not perform seeds. G1 and G2 genotypes are potential to be developed as new soybean variety tolerant to salinity up to 15.6 dS/m.
2017 •
The productivity of soybean in Indonesia is still low. One of the reason of this situation is caused by soybean mosaic virus. The study was conducted in September 2013 until January 2014 at the Integrated Field Laboratory of the of Agriculture, University of Lampung , and at the Laboratory of Seed and Plant Breeding , University of Lampung . The aim of this studywas to determine ( 1 ) the estimation of genotypes and fenotypes diversity for disease severity and agronomycharacters. ( 2 ) the correlation between disease severity and agronomy characters in soybean, and ( 3 ) the range meanofincubation period, disease severity and agronomycharacters in soybean. The study was conducted in September 2013 until January 2014 at the Integrated Field Laboratory of the College of Agriculture and Seed and Plant Breeding Laboratory , University of Lampung . The seed which was used in this study from Tanggamus and B 3570 crossing (F2). Each plant was inoculated bySMV, and disease severity and agro...
2017 •
Legumes have an important role especially as a source of nutrition, important in maintaining soil quality, and as animal feed. Although the production and the needs for legumes continues to rise, the productivity especially at the farm level is still low. This is mainly due to pests and diseases infections and also the soil infertility effects. Yield losses due to pests and diseases is quite high up to 80%. Induced resistance is one effort to control the disease and improve the growth quality of legumes. Various elicitors (biotic and abiotic) and induced mechanisms have been tested and reported to give promising results. Induced resistance was reported to increase the resistance of leguminous plants against pathogen infection such as fungi, bacteria, and viruses that are transmitted through soil, seed-borne, and from the surface of the leaves, such as: Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium sp, Aspergillus flavus, Cercosporidium personatum, Xanthomonas axonopodis, peanut m...
DISEÑO ARTE Y ARQUITECTURA
Crecimiento Urbano en La Producción De Vivienda Formal Del Siglo XX1987 •
International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering
Parametric Analysis for Minimizing the Edge Waves in the Roll Forming2017 •
Revista Agronomia
Desempenho do quiabeiro (Abelmoschus esculentus) consorciado com Crotalaria juncea sob manejo orgânico2003 •
Information Systems
Building a constraint-based spatial database system: model, languages, and implementation2003 •
Revista Veredas da História
Na busca da curandeira: relações de poder e repressão ao Candomblé no interior baiano2017 •
2013 •
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Hypothermia Versus Normothermia, and Outcome Dependence on Target Temperature, in Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Meta-Regression of Randomized Trials2015 •
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences
Occupational Exposure to Dust and the Relationship with the Respiratory Symptoms, Lung Function among Construction Workers of the University of Malaysia SabahArchives of Virology
Complete genome sequences of two novel begomoviruses infecting common bean in Venezuela2012 •
Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research
Effect of acidulated rock phosphate on growth yield attributes and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)2015 •
Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews
Primate conservation: Lessons learned in the last 20 years can guide future efforts2021 •
1996 •
Anz Journal of Surgery
Outcomes of total hip arthroplasty surgery in heart and lung transplant recipients2019 •
Estudos de Sociologia
O BEM VIVER E AS RELIGIÕES AFRO-BRASILEIRAS: uma aproximação possível?2021 •
2008 •
Revista Electrónica de Didáctica en Educación Superior
Foro en línea; herramienta para crear narraciones digitales en la educación superior a distancia2021 •