Persoonia 39, 2017: 270 – 467
www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj
RESEARCH ARTICLE
ISSN (Online) 1878-9080
https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2017.39.11
Fungal Planet description sheets: 625 –715
P.W. Crous1,2, M.J. Wingfield 3, T.I. Burgess 4, A.J. Carnegie 5, G.E.St.J. Hardy 4,
D. Smith 6, B.A. Summerell7, J.F. Cano-Lira 8, J. Guarro 8, J. Houbraken 1, L. Lombard1,
M.P. Martín 9, M. Sandoval-Denis1,69, A.V. Alexandrova10, C.W. Barnes11, I.G. Baseia12,
J.D.P. Bezerra13, V. Guarnaccia1, T.W. May14, M. Hernández-Restrepo1, A.M. Stchigel 8,
A.N. Miller15, M.E. Ordoñez16, V.P. Abreu17, T. Accioly18, C. Agnello19, A. Agustin Colmán17,
C.C. Albuquerque 20, D.S. Alfredo18, P. Alvarado 21, G.R. Araújo-Magalhães 22, S. Arauzo 23,
T. Atkinson 24, A. Barili16, R.W. Barreto17, J.L. Bezerra 25, T.S. Cabral 26, F. Camello
Rodríguez 27, R.H.S.F. Cruz18, P.P. Daniëls28, B.D.B. da Silva 29, D.A.C. de Almeida 30,
A.A. de Carvalho Júnior 31, C.A. Decock 32, L. Delgat 33, S. Denman 34, R.A. Dimitrov 35,
J. Edwards 36, A.G. Fedosova 37, R.J. Ferreira 38, A.L. Firmino 39, J.A. Flores16, D. García 8,
J. Gené 8, A. Giraldo1, J.S. Góis 40, A.A.M. Gomes17, C.M. Gonçalves13, D.E. Gouliamova 41,
M. Groenewald1, B.V. Guéorguiev 42, M. Guevara-Suarez 8, L.F.P. Gusmão 30, K. Hosaka 43,
V. Hubka 44, S.M. Huhndorf 45, M. Jadan 46, Ž. Jurjević 47, B. Kraak1, V. Kučera 48,
T.K.A. Kumar 49, I. Kušan 46, S.R. Lacerda 50, S. Lamlertthon 51, W.S. Lisboa17, M. Loizides 52,
J.J. Luangsa-ard 53, P. Lysková 54, W.P. Mac Cormack 55, D.M. Macedo 56, A.R. Machado13,
E.F. Malysheva37, P. Marinho 57, N. Matočec 46, M. Meijer 1, A. Mešić 46, S. Mongkolsamrit 53,
K.A. Moreira 22, O.V. Morozova 37, K.U. Nair 58, N. Nakamura 59, W. Noisripoom 53,
I. Olariaga 60, R.J.V. Oliveira13, L.M. Paiva13, P. Pawar 58, O.L. Pereira17, S.W. Peterson61,
M. Prieto62, E. Rodríguez-Andrade8, C. Rojo De Blas 63, M. Roy 64, E.S. Santos 65,
R. Sharma 58, G.A. Silva13, C.M. Souza-Motta13, Y. Takeuchi-Kaneko 59, C. Tanaka 59,
A. Thakur 58, M.Th. Smith1, Z. Tkalčec 46, N. Valenzuela-Lopez 8,66, P. van der Kleij 67,
A. Verbeken33, M.G. Viana65, X.W. Wang 68, J.Z. Groenewald1
Key words
ITS nrDNA barcodes
LSU
novel fungal species
systematics
Abstract Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antarctica:
Cadophora antarctica from soil. Australia: Alfaria dandenongensis on Cyperaceae, Amphosoma persooniae on
Persoonia sp., Anungitea nullicana on Eucalyptus sp., Bagadiella eucalypti on Eucalyptus globulus, Castanediella
eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus sp., Cercospora dianellicola on Dianella sp., Cladoriella kinglakensis on Eucalyptus
regnans, Cladoriella xanthorrhoeae (incl. Cladoriellaceae fam. nov. and Cladoriellales ord. nov.) on Xanthorrhoea
sp., Cochlearomyces eucalypti (incl. Cochlearomyces gen. nov. and Cochlearomycetaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus
obliqua, Codinaea lambertiae on Lambertia formosa, Diaporthe obtusifoliae on Acacia obtusifolia, Didymella acaciae
on Acacia melanoxylon, Dothidea eucalypti on Eucalyptus dalrympleana, Fitzroyomyces cyperi (incl. Fitzroyomyces
gen. nov.) on Cyperaceae, Murramarangomyces corymbiae (incl. Murramarangomyces gen. nov., Murramarangomycetaceae fam. nov. and Murramarangomycetales ord. nov.) on Corymbia maculata, Neoanungitea eucalypti
(incl. Neoanungitea gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus obliqua, Neoconiothyrium persooniae (incl. Neoconiothyrium gen.
nov.) on Persoonia laurina subsp. laurina, Neocrinula lambertiae (incl. Neocrinulaceae fam. nov.) on Lambertia sp.,
Ochroconis podocarpi on Podocarpus grayae, Paraphysalospora eucalypti (incl. Paraphysalospora gen. nov.) on
Eucalyptus sieberi, Pararamichloridium livistonae (incl. Pararamichloridium gen. nov., Pararamichloridiaceae fam.
nov. and Pararamichloridiales ord. nov.) on Livistona sp., Pestalotiopsis dianellae on Dianella sp., Phaeosphaeria
gahniae on Gahnia aspera, Phlogicylindrium tereticornis on Eucalyptus tereticornis, Pleopassalora acaciae on
Acacia obliquinervia, Pseudodactylaria xanthorrhoeae (incl. Pseudodactylaria gen. nov., Pseudodactylariaceae
fam. nov. and Pseudodactylariales ord. nov.) on Xanthorrhoea sp., Pseudosporidesmium lambertiae (incl. Pseudosporidesmiaceae fam. nov.) on Lambertia formosa, Saccharata acaciae on Acacia sp., Saccharata epacridis
on Epacris sp., Saccharata hakeigena on Hakea sericea, Seiridium persooniae on Persoonia sp., Semifissispora
tooloomensis on Eucalyptus dunnii, Stagonospora lomandrae on Lomandra longifolia, Stagonospora victoriana
on Poaceae, Subramaniomyces podocarpi on Podocarpus elatus, Sympoventuria melaleucae on Melaleuca sp.,
Sympoventuria regnans on Eucalyptus regnans, Trichomerium eucalypti on Eucalyptus tereticornis, Vermiculariopsiella eucalypticola on Eucalyptus dalrympleana, Verrucoconiothyrium acaciae on Acacia falciformis, Xenopassalora petrophiles (incl. Xenopassalora gen. nov.) on Petrophile sp., Zasmidium dasypogonis on Dasypogon sp.,
Zasmidium gahniicola on Gahnia sieberiana. Brazil: Achaetomium lippiae on Lippia gracilis, Cyathus isometricus
on decaying wood, Geastrum caririense on soil, Lycoperdon demoulinii (incl. Lycoperdon subg. Arenicola) on
soil, Megatomentella cristata (incl. Megatomentella gen. nov.) on unidentified plant, Mutinus verrucosus on soil,
Paraopeba schefflerae (incl. Paraopeba gen. nov.) on Schefflera morototoni, Phyllosticta catimbauensis on Mandevilla catimbauensis, Pseudocercospora angularis on Prunus persica, Pseudophialophora sorghi on Sorghum
bicolor, Spumula piptadeniae on Piptadenia paniculata. Bulgaria: Yarrowia parophonii from gut of Parophonus
hirsutulus. Croatia: Pyrenopeziza velebitica on Lonicera borbasiana. Cyprus: Peziza halophila on coastal dunes.
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
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Fungal Planet description sheets
Abstract (cont.)
271
Czech Republic: Aspergillus contaminans from human fingernail. Ecuador: Cuphophyllus yacurensis on forest
soil, Ganoderma podocarpense on fallen tree trunk. England: Pilidium anglicum (incl. Chaetomellales ord. nov.)
on Eucalyptus sp. France: Planamyces parisiensis (incl. Planamyces gen. nov.) on wood inside a house. French
Guiana: Lactifluus ceraceus on soil. Germany: Talaromyces musae on Musa sp. India: Hyalocladosporiella cannae
on Canna indica, Nothophoma raii from soil. Italy: Setophaeosphaeria citri on Citrus reticulata, Yuccamyces citri on
Citrus limon. Japan: Glutinomyces brunneus (incl. Glutinomyces gen. nov.) from roots of Quercus sp. Netherlands
(all from soil): Collariella hilkhuijsenii, Fusarium petersiae, Gamsia kooimaniorum, Paracremonium binnewijzendii,
Phaeoisaria annesophieae, Plectosphaerella niemeijerarum, Striaticonidium deklijnearum, Talaromyces annesophieae, Umbelopsis wiegerinckiae, Vandijckella johannae (incl. Vandijckella gen. nov. and Vandijckellaceae fam.
nov.), Verhulstia trisororum (incl. Verhulstia gen. nov.). New Zealand: Lasiosphaeria similisorbina on decorticated
wood. Papua New Guinea: Pseudosubramaniomyces gen. nov. (based on Pseudosubramaniomyces fusisaprophyticus comb. nov.). Slovakia: Hemileucoglossum pusillum on soil. South Africa: Tygervalleyomyces podocarpi
(incl. Tygervalleyomyces gen. nov.) on Podocarpus falcatus. Spain: Coniella heterospora from herbivorous dung,
Hymenochaete macrochloae on Macrochloa tenacissima, Ramaria cistophila on shrubland of Cistus ladanifer.
Thailand: Polycephalomyces phaothaiensis on Coleoptera larvae, buried in soil. Uruguay: Penicillium uruguayense from soil. Vietnam: Entoloma nigrovelutinum on forest soil, Volvariella morozovae on wood of unknown tree.
Morphological and culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided.
Article info Received: 1 October 2017; Accepted: 12 November 2017; Published: 20 December 2017.
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Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht,
The Netherlands;
corresponding author e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl.
Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural
Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, P. Bag X20, Pretoria
0028, South Africa.
Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of
Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level
12, 10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia.
Agriculture, Energy & Resources, Agriculture and Rural Division, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, Unit 3,
2 Codrington St, Cranbourne, Victoria 3977, Australia.
Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney,
NSW 2000, Australia.
Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV),
Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain.
Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo
2, 28014 Madrid, Spain.
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1,12, 119234, Moscow, Russia / Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, South Branch, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, Panamericana Sur Km 1, Sector Cutuglahua, Pichincha,
Ecuador.
Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio
Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal
de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Avenue, Melbourne, VIC 3004,
Australia.
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey,
1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA.
Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador.
Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Universidade
Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Via A. Gramsci 11, 72023 Mesagne (BR), Italy.
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Campus Universitário Central,
Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, Brazil.
Av. Bruselas 2 3B, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociência Animal, Universidade Federal
Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
Errotari Mycological Society, Laubideta 6, 48200 Durango, Bizkaia, Spain.
P.O. Box 20, Warrington, Otago 9471, New Zealand.
Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal do
Recôncavo da Bahia, Rua Rui Barbosa, 710, 44.380-000, Centro, Cruz
das Almas, Bahia, Brazil.
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
Avda. Pozo del Paraguas 14, 06500 San Vicente de Alcántara, Badajoz,
Spain.
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
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Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiologia Vegetal, Universidad de
Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina, S/N –
Novo Horizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil.
Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Pacheco Leão
915, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Mycothèque de l’Université catholique de Louvain (MUCL, BCCMTM),
Earth and Life Institute – ELIM – Mycology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2 bte L7.05.06, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Department of Biology, Ghent University, Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat
35, Ghent, Belgium.
Forest Research, Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham, GU10 4LH, Surrey, UK.
Sofia University ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, 5 James Bourchier Blvd., Sofia
1164, Bulgaria.
Agriculture Victoria, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio Centre for AgriBiosciences, 5 Ring Road, La
Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
Laboratory of Systematics and Geography of Fungi, Komarov Botanical
Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof Popov Str.,
St Petersburg, Russia.
Pós-graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas
Gerais, Brazil.
Curso de Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Biociências,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 59078-970, Brazil.
The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of
Sciences, G. Bonchev 26, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
National Museum of Natural History, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., Sofia 1000,
Bulgaria.
National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská
2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
The Field Museum, Department of Botany, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive,
Chicago, Illinois, 60605-2496, USA.
Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077,
USA.
Plant Biology and Biodiversity Center, Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy
of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23, Bratislava, Slovakia.
The Zamorin’s Guruvayurappan College, Kozhikode, Kerala 673014, India.
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri,
Crato, Ceará, Brazil.
Centre of Excellence in Fungal Research, Faculty of Medical Science
Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
P.O. Box 58499, 3734 Limassol, Cyprus.
Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory, BIOTEC, 113 Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Parasitology, Mycology
and Mycobacteriology Prague, Public Health Institute in Usti nad Labem,
Sokolovská 60, 186 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
Departamento de Microbiología Ambiental y Ecofisiología, Instituto Antártico Argentino, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Fundação da Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do
Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR), National Centre for Cell
Science, S.P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra,
India.
Laboratory of Terrestrial Microbial Ecology, Graduate School of Agriculture,
Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502,
Japan.
Aranzadi Society of Sciences, Mycology section, Zorroagagaina 11, P.C.
200014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain.
Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural
Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University
Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, c /
Tulipán, P.C. 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
Acknowledgements The research of Vit Hubka was supported through
the project BIOCEV (CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0109) provided by the Ministry
of Education, Youth and Sports of CR and ERDF. Maria E. Ordoñez and
colleagues obtained financial support from the Secretaria de Educación
Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del Ecuador (SENESCYT), Arca
de Noé Initiative. Olinto L. Pereira would like to thank the CNPq, CAPES
and FAPEMIG for the financial support. Jadson D.P. Bezerra and colleagues
thank CAPES, CNPq and FACEPE from Brazil for financial support and
scholarships. Rafael J.V. Oliveira and colleagues express their gratitude
to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
(CNPq) for a scholarship to R.J.V. Oliveira and grant to J.L. Bezerra. Donis
S. Alfredo and Luri G. Baseia would like to thank the Brazilian agency CAPES
for providing Ph.D. scholarships and CNPq, for providing the financial support of the Projeto Pesquisador Visitante Especial (PVE-407474/2013-7).
Alina V. Alexandrova acknowledges financial support from the Russian
Science Foundation (project N 14-50-00029). Financial support for Olga
V. Morozova and Ekaterina F. Malysheva was provided in the framework
of an institutional research project of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS
(N 01201255603) and the Russian Foundation for the Basic Research (project
15-04-04645a). Lynn Delgat was funded by a doctoral scholarship of the Special Research Fund (BOF), and together with Annemieke Verbeken and Mélanie Roy would like to thank Labex CEBA ANR-10-LABX-25-01 and Reserve
Naturelle La Trinité. Tiara S. Cabral and colleagues acknowledge Charles R.
Clement for the English revision of the text, and for coordinating financial support. Pablo P. Daniëls thanks A. Lobo and L. Estrada for providing collections
of Ramaria cistophila; four sequences (AJ408387, AJ408373, AJ408354 and
AJ408355) on the included cladogram were made within the Flora Mycologica
Iberica Project (Royal Botanical Garden, CSIC, Madrid). Thanks also to
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IdForest. C/ Curtidores 17, 34004 Palencia, Spain.
Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Université Paul, 118 route
de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex, France.
Departamento de Engenharia Química, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Microbiology Unit, Medical Technology Department, Faculty of Health
Science, University of Antofagasta, Av. Universidad de Antofagasta s/n,
02800 Antofagasta, Chile.
Dupont Industrial Biosciences, Archimedesweg 30, 2333 CN Leiden, The
Netherlands.
State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, No. 3, 1st Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District,
Beijing 100101, China.
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South
Africa.
G. Moreno for providing the SEM picture of the spores of Ramaria cistophila,
and to R.H. Petersen and TENN Herbarium for the loan and DNA extraction
permission from the type of Ramaria anziana. Rohit Sharma and colleagues
thank the Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi for financial support for
the establishment of National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR), Pune
wide grant letter no. BT/Coord.II/01/03/2016 dated 6 April 2017 and the
MycoBank team for nomenclatural corrections. Dilnora E. Gouliamova was
financed by the Bulgarian Science Fund (project TK-176) and by a fellowship
from Wallonie – Bruxelles International agency of the French Community of
Belgium. Neven Matočec and colleagues express their gratitude to Public
Institution Northern Velebit National Park for providing financial support. We
are thankful to P. Evrard from Mycothèque de l‘Université Catholique de
Louvain who obtained fermentation and assimilation profiles of the studied
strains. Financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
(project 16-34-00510 mol_a) is acknowledged to Anna G. Fedosova, and a
grant from VEGA (project 2/0008/15) to Viktor Kučera. We would also like to
thank Prof. Morakot Tanticharoen for her support of the program Biodiversity
studies of entomopathogenic fungi in Thailand. This study was supported
by the National Science and Technology Development Agency, Cluster and
Program Management Office (Grant no. P15-51544). We are grateful to
Gavin Phillips, Seed Bank Officer, Australian Botanic Garden, Mt Annan for
field assistance and identification of plant species in the field at a number of
locations in New South Wales, Australia.
Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely
for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is
an equal opportunity provider and employer.
273
Mucoromycotina
Phallaceae
Hymenochaetales
Polyporaceae
Russulaceae
Russulales
Hymenochaetaceae
Polyporales
Gomphaceae
Typhulaceae
Hygrophoraceae
Tricholomataceae
Mycenaceae
Agaricomycotina, Agaricomycetes
Geastraceae
Phallales Geastrales
Umbelopsidaceae
Saccharomycotina,
Saccharomycetes
Gomphales
Dipodascaceae
Cortinariaceae
Entolomataceae
Agaricales
Phytophthora moyootj KP004499.1
Yarrowia porcina KC951995.1
Yarrowia porcina KF649290.1
Candida galli KY106459.1
Yarrowia parophonii - Fungal Planet 628
0.93
Candida osloensis KY106641.1
Umbelopsis isabellina KM017709.1
Umbelopsis gibberispora KF727469.1
Umbelopsis angularis KF727442.1
Umbelopsis wiegerinckiae - Fungal Planet 710
Umbelopsis ramanniana KF727457.1
Geastrum schweinitzii KF988570.1
Geastrum ishikawae KX765817.1
Geastrum caririense - Fungal Planet 634
Geastrum argentinum KF988472.1
0.89
Geastrum floriforme KF988495.1
Geastrum rufescens KC582010.1
Phallus impudicus KU516108.1
Phallus hadriani KU516107.1
Mutinus albotruncatus KT183493.1
0.81
Mutinus verrucosus - Fungal Planet 642
Mutinus elegans AY574643.1
Ramaria gelatiniaurantia var. violeitingens KP637063.1
0.83
Ramaria cistophila - Fungal Planet 651
Ramaria admiratia KJ416134.1
0.91
Ramaria cf. celerivirescens JQ408243.1
Ramaria largentii KP637058.1
Ramaria aurantiisiccescens KP637043.1
Ramaria calvodistalis KJ416135.1
Ramaria foetida JQ408239.1
Pseudochaete
tabacina JQ279626
0.98
Hymenochaete cruenta JQ279681
0.99
Hymenochaete macrochloae - Fungal Planet 638
Hymenochaete orientalis KY425685
Ganoderma lucidum KY350856.1
Ganoderma podocarpense - Fungal Planet 633
Ganoderma adspersum AM269826.1
Ganoderma gibbosum AB733303.1
Ganoderma boninense X78777.1
Ganoderma applanatum KC581319.1
Lactifluus ceraceus - Fungal Planet 657
Lactarius pegleri KP691425.1
Lactifluus veraecrucis KR364241.1
Lactifluus sp. KJ786550.1
Lactifluus sulcatipes KR364240.1
Lactarius panuoides AF218566.1
Lactarius cf. castaneibadius KP691426.1
0.98
Lactarius chiapanensis GU265580.1
0.98
Lactifluus cf. putidus KP691422.1
Typhula maritima KX244882.1
“Lentaria” albovinacea DQ071734.2
“Lentaria” albovinacea AJ406552.1
Typhula micans KY224102.1
Tygervalleyomyces podocarpi - Fungal Planet 677
0.98
Typhula crassipes KY224094.1
0.81
Cuphophyllus colemannianus KF381543.1
Cuphophyllus cereopallidus KF381550.1
0.99
Cuphophyllus yacurensis - Fungal Planet 630
Cuphophyllus virgineus KF291061.1
0.89
Camarophyllus borealis HM026552.1
Hemimycena gracilis DQ457671.1
Mycena adonis AF261361.1
Mycena amabilissima DQ457691.1
Cortinarius vitreopileatus KJ635225.1
Cortinarius vitreopileatus KJ635228.1
0.99
Entoloma nigrovelutinum - Fungal Planet 632
Entoloma serrulatum KX670995.1
Entoloma vezzenaense GQ289204.1
0.98
Entoloma phaeocarpum KJ001462.1
0.95
Entoloma flocculosum KJ001463.1
0.99
Entoloma graphitipes f. cystidiatum KJ001457.1
0.78
Volvariella hypopithys AF261532.1
Volvariella morozovae - Fungal Planet 655
Volvariella lepiotospora HM562259.1
Volvariella pusilla HM562257.1
Volvariella taylorii HM246487.1
Volvariella caesiotincta DQ071726.2
Volvariella caesiotincta HM562255.1
0.98
Lycoperdon subumbrinum JN572907.1
Lycoperdon lambinonii DQ112602.1
Lycoperdon nigrescens KU507396.1
Lycoperdon demoulinii - Fungal Planet 640
0.98
Lycoperdon marginatum AF261485.1
Lycoperdon norvegicum DQ112631.1
Lycoperdon perlatum AF518630.1
Cyathus jiayuguanensis DQ463325.1
Cyathus griseocarpus DQ463324.1
Cyathus setosus DQ463331.1
Cyathus isometricus - Fungal Planet 631
Cyathus intermedius KT365523.1
Cyathus subglobisporus EF613554.1
0.78
Cyathus striatus DQ071742.2
0.98
Umbelop- Saccharosidales mycetales
Fungal Planet description sheets
Pluteaceae
Lycoperdaceae
Nidulariaceae
0.1
Overview Saccharomycotina, Mucoromycotina and Agaricomycotina phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 18 452 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (92 taxa including outgroup; 616
aligned positions; 426 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.74 are shown at the nodes
and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families, orders, classes and subdivisions are
indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was
rooted to Phytophthora moyootj (GenBank KP004499.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are
indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S21807).
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
274
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Tubeufiaceae
Wiesneriomycetaceae Tubeufiales
Incertae sedis
Lophiotremataceae
Massarinaceae
Didymellaceae
Pleosporales
Candida broadrunensis KY106372.1
Aquaphila albicans KX454168.1
Wiesneriomyces laurinus KJ425460.1
Megatomentella cristata - Fungal Planet 641
Hermatomyces subiculosa KX259523.1
0.98
0.95
Hermatomyces chiangmaiensis KY559394.1
Hermatomyces chromolaenae KY559393.1
Hermatomyces saikhuensis KX525741.1
0.94
Hermatomyces pandanicola KX525743.1
Hermatomyces tectonae LC194370.1
Neottiosporina paspali EU754172.1
Stagonospora lomandrae - Fungal Planet 697
Stagonospora trichophoricola KJ869168.1
Stagonospora forlicesenensis KX655547.1
Stagonospora victoriana - Fungal Planet 686
Stagonospora perfecta KF251761.1
0.98
Stagonospora pseudovitensis KF251765.1
Stagonospora perfecta AB807579.1
Stagonospora pseudoperfecta AB807577.1
0.84
Stagonospora imperaticola KY706133.1
0.96
Stagonospora tainanensis AB807580.1
Semifissispora tooloomensis - Fungal Planet 701
0.92
Semifissispora rotundata KT950859.1
Semifissispora natalis KT950858.1
Peyronellaea calorpreferens LN907448.1
Didymella acaciae - Fungal Planet 687
Verrucoconiothyrium prosopidis KF777204.1
Verrucoconiothyrium acaciae - Fungal Planet 685
0.87
0.79
Phoma eupyrena GU238072.1
Verrucoconiothyrium eucalyptigenum KY979826.1
Verrucoconiothyrium nitidae KX306799.1
Didymella sinensis KY742239.1
Paraboeremia oligotrophica KX829040.1
0.96
Peyronellaea combreti KJ869191.1
Didymella glomerata KX896095.1
Neocamarosporium salicornicola MF434281.1
Neocamarosporium korfii MF434278.1
0.91
Neocamarosporium salsolae MF434282.1
Staurosphaeria aloes KF777198.1
Phaeosphaeria gahniae - Fungal Planet 704
Phaeosphaeria caricicola KF251685.1
0.83
Phaeosphaeria avenaria f. sp. tritici JX681109.1
0.99
Phaeosphaeria eustoma JX681111.1
Ochrocladosporium elatum EU040233.1
0.99
Neoconiothyrium persooniae - Fungal Planet 673
Neoconiothyrium multiporum comb. nov. - Fungal Planet 673
0.88
Neoconiothyrium hakeae comb. nov. - Fungal Planet 673
Querciphoma carteri GQ387594.1
0.98
Paraleptosphaeria orobanches JF740299.1
0.98
Subplenodomus drobnjacensis JF740285.1
0.91
Neoleptosphaeria jonesii KY211870.1
Pseudoleptosphaeria etheridgei JF740291.1
0.84
Neoleptosphaeria rubefaciens JF740311.1
Neocucurbitaria quercina GQ387619.1
0.85
Pyrenochaeta acaciae KX228316.1
Pyrenochaeta pinicola KJ869209.1
0.99
Setophaeosphaeria citri - Fungal Planet 656
Setophaeosphaeria badalingensis KJ869219.1
Coniothyrium sidae KF251653.1
Neocamarosporiaceae
Coniothyriaceae I
Phaeosphaeriaceae
Coniothyriaceae II
Leptosphaeriaceae
Cucurbitaceae
Incertae sedis
Pleosporaceae
0.01
Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 80 552 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (153 taxa including outgroup;
779 aligned positions; 402 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.74 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Candida
broadrunensis (GenBank KY106372.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold
face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S21807).
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.01
Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny (cont.)
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Patellariales
Incertae sedis
Murramarangomycetaceae Murramarangomycetales
Sympoventuriaceae
Venturiales
Acrospermaceae Acrospermales
Planistromellaceae
Botryosphaeriales
Phyllostictaceae
Saccharataceae
Cladoriellaceae
Cladoriellales
0.93
Patellariaceae
Asterinaceae
Asterinales
0.87
Hysteropatella clavispora AY541493.1
Hysteropatella elliptica KM220948.1
Hysteropatella prostii KM220949.1
Hysteropatella prostii KT876980.1
Yuccamyces pilosus CBS 579.92
Yuccamyces citri - Fungal Planet 675
Murramarangomyces corymbiae - Fungal Planet 676
4x
Gonatophragmium triuniae KP004479.1
Fusicladium pini EU035436.1
Fusicladium ramoconidii EU035439.1
0.91
Ochroconis cordanae KF156121.1
Ochroconis podocarpi - Fungal Planet 664
Ochroconis humicola KF156124.1
0.86
Ochroconis mirabilis KF282661.1
Ochroconis musae KT272088.1
Veronaeopsis simplex KF156103.1
Sympoventuria regnans - Fungal Planet 696
0.89
Fusicladium eucalypti HQ599601.1
Fusicladium eucalypticola KX228329.1
Fusicladium africanum EU035424.1
Sympoventuria capensis KF156104.1
0.89
Sympoventuria melaleucae - Fungal Planet 690
0.90
Scolecobasidium excentricum KF156105.1
Kellermania dasylirionicola NG_042703.1
Kellermania micranthae NG_042706.1
0.86
Kellermania crassispora NG_042702.1
Kellermania nolinae NG_042707.1
Phyllosticta podocarpi KF206323.1
Phyllosticta owaniana KF206293.1
Phyllosticta catimbauensis - Fungal Planet 646
Phyllosticta bifrenariae KF206209.1
0.86
Phyllosticta harai AB454301.1
0.88
Phyllosticta hymenocallidicola KF206254.1
Saccharata epacridis - Fungal Planet 691
0.99
0.89 Saccharata lambertiae KY173549.1
Saccharata petrophiles KY173553.1
Saccharata intermedia GU229889.1
Saccharata hakeigena - Fungal Planet 688
Saccharata acaciae - Fungal Planet 661
0.90
Saccharata hakeae KY173542.1
0.99
Saccharata hakeae KY173544.1
Saccharata capensis KF766390.1
0.93
Saccharata kirstenboschensis FJ372409.1
0.81 Saccharata hawaiiensis KX464543.1
0.86 Saccharata proteae KX464546.1
Saccharata proteae EU552145.1
Cladoriella xanthorrhoeae CPC 32432 - Fungal Planet 692
Cladoriella xanthorrhoeae CPC 32714 - Fungal Planet 692
Cladoriella eucalypti EU040224.1
Cladoriella rubrigena GQ303304.1
Cladoriella kinglakensis - Fungal Planet 703
Cladoriella paleospora GQ303303.1
Batistinula gallesiae KM111255.1
Batistinula gallesiae KP143736.1
Aulographina eucalypti HM535600.1
0.96
Blastacervulus eucalypti GQ303302.1
Heteroconium eucalypti DQ885893.1
0.92 Alysidiella parasitica DQ923525.1
Prillieuxina baccharidincola KP143735.1
0.90
Paraopeba schefflerae - Fungal Planet 658
Asterina chrysophylli KP143738.1
Asterina melastomatis KP143739.1
Lembosia abaxialis KP143737.1
275
276
0.99
0.97
0.01
Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny (cont.)
Dothideaceae
Dothideales
0.80
Dothidea eucalypti - Fungal Planet 684
Dothidea sambuci AF382387.2
Dothidea insculpta NG_027643.1
Dothidea berberidis KC800752.1
Dothidea ribesia KY929175.1
Stylodothis puccinioides NG_027594.1
Xenopassalora petrophiles - Fungal Planet 667
Devonomyces endophyticus GU214450.1
Mycosphaerella stromatosa EU167598.2
Phaeophleospora scytalidii JN232427.1
Pleopassalora acaciae - Fungal Planet 660
Passalora loranthi KP895892.1
Phaeocercospora colophospermi NG_042683.1
Pleopassalora perplexa GU214459.1
Cercospora dianellicola - Fungal Planet 705
Cercospora ischaemi KM055432.1
Cercospora senecionis-walkeri KC677921.1
Cercospora coniogrammes KT037558.1
0.77
Cercospora apii KF251800.1
Cercospora campi-silii KX286965.1
0.81
Cercospora sojina KX286969.1
Cercospora zebrina KF442549.1
Zasmidium biverticillatum EU041853.1
Zasmidium dasypogonis - Fungal Planet 679
Zasmidium anthuriicola GQ852732.1
Zasmidium citri GQ852733.1
Zasmidium arcuata EU041836.1
Zasmidium podocarpi KY979821.1
0.79
Zasmidium gahniicola - Fungal Planet 681
Periconiella velutina EU041838.1
Zasmidium commune KY979820.1
Mycosphaerellaceae
Capnodiales
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Fungal Planet description sheets
277
Candida broadrunensis KY106372.1
Warcupia terrestris DQ220467.1
Planamyces parisiensis - Fungal Planet 672
Monascella botryosa KC012688.1
Pyronemataceae
Melastiza flavorubens DQ220369.1
Cheilymenia crucipila DQ220321.1
0.96
Spooneromyces helveticus KC012707.1
0.89
Cheilymenia sclerotiorum KC012671.1
Peziza vesiculosa AF378367.1
Peziza lobulata AY500548.1
Peziza cf. badioconfusa EU571229.1
Peziza emileia KU898062.1
Pezizaceae
Peziza proteana f. sparassoides AY544659.1
Peziza halophila - Fungal Planet 652
0.96
Peziza exogelatinosa AY500545.1
Orbilia euonymi KT222390.1
Orbilia euphorbiae KT380105.2
Retiarius superficiaris KY352467.1
0.82
Retiarius bovicornutus KY352466.1
Orbiliaceae
Amphosoma atroolivacea KT222387.1
0.99
Amphosoma persooniae - Fungal Planet 669
Amphosoma resinicola KT222388.1
0.87 Hemileucoglossum pusillum - Fungal Planet 636
Hemileucoglossum pusillum - Fungal Planet 636
0.99
Hemileucoglossum alveolatum KP657565
Hemileucoglossum littorale MF353092
Hemileucoglossum littorale KP657566
Trichoglossum hirsutum JQ256442
Geoglossaceae
Trichoglossum hirsutum KC222145
Geoglossum cookeanum KC222135
0.93
Geoglossum difforme KC222136
Leucoglossum leucosporum KP272113
Leucoglossum leucosporum KP272115
Gondwania cribrosa KC179192.1
Teloschistaceae Teloschistales
Lepra violacea MF109224.1
Lepra amara MF109182.1
Pertusariaceae Pertusariales
Pertusaria amara AF274101.1
Umbilicaria calvescens HM161604.1
Umbilicaria indica JQ739992.1
Umbilicariaceae Umbilicariales
Umbilicaria thamnodes JQ740000.1
0.84
Umbilicaria squamosa JQ739998.1
Conotrema populorum AY300833.1
Conotrema populorum AY340542.1
Stictis radiata AY300864.1
Carestiella socia AY661682.1
Stictidaceae
Ostropales
Fitzroyomyces cyperi - Fungal Planet 678
Phacidiella eucalypti EF110617.1
Trullula melanochlora KP004487.1
Trichomerium eucalypti - Fungal Planet 698
Trichomerium deniqulatum JX313660.1
0.91
Trichomerium dioscoreae KP004496.1
Trichomeriaceae
0.85
Trichomerium foliicola JX313659.1
0.99
Trichomerium gloeosporum KY381953.1
Talaromyces musae - Fungal Planet 654
Talaromyces kabodanensis KY129843.1
Trichocomaceae
Talaromyces purpurogenus KF880956.1
Talaromyces annesophieae - Fungal Planet 714
Talaromyces flavus JF922044.1
Talaromyces funiculosus KF880957.1
Penicillium uruguayense - Fungal Planet 645
Penicillium limosum EF411064.1
Penicillium oxalicum HM469410.1
Penicillium simplicissimum HM469430.1
0.99
Penicillium brasilianum HM469396.1
0.94
Aspergillaceae
Aspergillus nidulans KY074658.1
Aspergillus sydowii KX958091.1
Aspergillus croceus LN873932.1
Aspergillus contaminans - Fungal Planet 626
Aspergillus ustus JN938940.1
Geoglossales
0.95
Pezizomycetes
Orbiliomycetes
Eurotiomycetes
Eurotiales
Chaetothyriales
0.99
Geoglossomycetes
Orbiliales
0.84
Lecanoromycetes
Pezizales
0.97
0.1
Overview Pezizomycetes, Orbiliomycetes, Geoglossomycetes, Lecanoromycetes and Eurotiomycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 5 852 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (69 taxa including outgroup; 831
aligned positions; 433 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.74 are shown at the nodes
and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families, orders and classes are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Candida
broadrunensis (GenBank KY106372.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold
face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S21807).
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
278
Helotiales
0.84
Orbilia vinosa DQ470952.1
Pilidium septatum KY922833.1
Pilidium concavum KF255414.1
Pilidium lythri KX639613.1
0.99
Chaetomellaceae
Pilidium acerinum AY487092.1
Pilidium anglicum - Fungal Planet 695
Pilidium eucalyptorum KT950868.1
Davidhawksworthia ilicicola KU728555.1
Neofabraea malicorticis AY544662.1
Dermateaceae
Phlyctema vincetoxici KJ663898.1
Cochlearomyces eucalypti - Fungal Planet 659
Cochlearomycetaceae
Satchmopsis brasiliensis DQ195798.1
Holwaya
mucida
AY544680.1
Tympanidaceae
0.96
Neocrinula lambertiae - Fungal Planet 680
Neocrinulaceae
Neocrinula xanthorrhoeae KY173505.1
Vandijckella johannae - Fungal Planet 711
Vandijckellaceae
Belonioscyphella hypnorum KU900906.1
Incertae sedis
Roseodiscus subcarneus KT972715.1
Duebenia compta KY462820.1
Varicosporium scoparium GQ477345.1
0.93
Calloriceae
Calloria urticae KT185667.1
Calloria urticae KT185668.1
Bisporella citrina FJ176871.1
Pezizellaceae
Cistella spicicola GU727553.1
0.80
Glutinomyces brunneus - Fungal Planet 635
0.77
Hyaloscyphaceae s.lat.
Catenulifera brachyconia GU727559.1
0.98
Catenulifera brevicollaris GU727561.1
Lachnum virgineum AY544646.1
Lachnaceae
Chlorovibrissea albofusca AY789383.1
Chlorovibrissea sp. DQ257352.1
Hymenoscyphus fructigenus AB705270.1
Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus AB705258.1
Phaeohelotium epiphyllum KJ472236.1
Helotiaceae
Cudoniella clavus AY789373.1
0.86
Ombrophila violacea AY789365.1
Hyaloscypha daedaleae AY789415.1
Hyaloscyphaceae s.str.
Heterosphaeria patella MF196187.1
Heterosphaeriaceae
Encoeliopsis rhododendri KX090801.1
Mollisiaceae s.lat.
Chalara longipes AF222466.1
Hyaloscyphaceae s.lat.
0.75
1
Piceomphale bulgarioides KX090836.1
Lambertella corni-maris AB705279.1
Rutstroemiaceae s.lat
Lambertella pyrolae AB926164.1
Rutstroemia tiliacea KX090808.1
0.97
Rutstroemia firma AB926157.1
Rutstroemiaceae s.str.
Rutstroemia firma KX090832.1
Sclerencoelia fraxinicola KX090805.1
Monilinia fructicola AY544683.1
Botryotinia fuckeliana AY544651.1
Sclerotiniaceae
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum AY789347.1
Dumontinia tuberosa KX090843.1
Vibrissea truncorum FJ176874.1
Vibrisseaceae
Acidomelania panicicola KF874624.1
Trimmatostroma betulinum EU019299.1
Trimmatostroma salicis EU019300.1
Pyrenopeziza velebitica - Fungal Planet 650
Mollisiaceae s.str.
Acephala applanata KT225544.1
Diplococcium spicatum EF204497.1
0.99
Phialocephala cladophialophoroides KY798314.1
Mastigosporium album KJ710451.1
Collembolispora aristata KC005811.1
Incertae sedis
Collembolispora barbata KC005812.1
Cadophora antarctica - Fungal Planet 627
Cadophora fastigiata JN938877.1
Cadophora malorum KF053584.1
Cadophora luteo-olivacea HM116758.1
Rhynchosporium lolii KU844336.1
Ploettnerulaceae
Rhynchosporium orthosporum KU844335.1
Rhynchosporium agropyri KU844334.1
Rhynchosporium commune KU844332.1
Rhynchosporium secalis KU844333.1
0.05
Chaetomellales
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Overview Leotiomycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 140 328 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (70 taxa including outgroup;
816 aligned positions; 288 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.74 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Orbilia
vinosa (GenBank DQ470952.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face.
The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S21807).
279
Fungal Planet description sheets
Pseudosporidesmiaceae
Hypoxylaceae
Castanediellaceae
Phlogicylindriaceae
Incertae sedis
Incertae sedis
Incertae sedis
Clypeophysalosporaceae
Xylariales
Saccharata proteae EU552145.1
Repetophragma inflatum DQ408576.1
Pseudosporidesmium lambertiae - Fungal Planet 666
0.96
Pseudosporidesmium knawiae FJ349610.1
Annulohypoxylon moriforme DQ840058.1
0.96
Hypoxylon polyporus KY610485.1
0.99
Pyrenopolyporus hunteri KY610465.1
Castanediella eucalyptigena - Fungal Planet 668
0.99
Castanediella hyalopenicillata KX306780.1
Castanediella cagnizarii KP858991.1
0.95
0.98
Castanediella eucalypti KR476758.1
Phlogicylindrium mokarei KY173521.1
0.87
Phlogicylindrium eucalyptorum EU040223.1
Phlogicylindrium uniforme JQ044445.1
Phlogicylindrium tereticornis - Fungal Planet 674
0.89
Phlogicylindrium eucalypti DQ923534.1
Anungitea nullicana - Fungal Planet 689
0.98
Anungitea eucalyptigena KY173477.1
Anungitea grevilleae KX228304.1
Anungitea eucalyptorum KJ869176.1
Pseudosubramaniomyces fusisaprophyticus gen. et com. nov. - Fungal Planet 671
Pidoplitchkoviella terricola AF096197.1
0.99
Subramaniomyces podocarpi - Fungal Planet 671
Plectosphaera eucalypti DQ923538.1
0.98
Clypeophysalospora latitans KX820265.1
Neophysalospora eucalypti KP004490.1
Paraphysalospora eucalypti - Fungal Planet 670
Bagadiella victoriae JF951161.1
Bagadiella koalae JF951162.1
Bagadiella lunata GQ303300.1
Bagadiella eucalypti - Fungal Planet 699
Seiridium banksiae JQ044442.1
Seiridium ceratosporum DQ534043.1
Seiridium persooniae - Fungal Planet 665
Seiridium unicorne DQ414532.1
Seiridium corni KM116280.1
0.79
Seiridium phylicae NG_042759.1
Seiridium pseudocardinale KU848209.1
Seiridium podocarpi KJ869207.1
Seiridium cardinale AF382377.1
Robillarda terrae KJ710459.1
0.95
Pestalotiopsis dianellae - Fungal Planet 682
0.98
Pestalotiopsis kenyana KX895134.1
Pestalotiopsis lushanensis KX895127.1
Pestalotiopsis portugalica KX895126.1
Pestalotiopsis knightiae KM116241.1
0.99
Pestalotiopsis microspora KY366173.1
Pestalotiopsis papuana KM116240.1
Immersidiscosia eucalypti KY825092.1
Discosia fagi KM678047.1
0.77
Sarcostroma bisetulatum EU552155.1
Sarcostroma restionis DQ278925.1
Sarcostroma restionis DQ278924.1
Seimatosporium walkeri JN871216.1
0.80 Seimatosporium quercinum KU974964.1
Seimatosporium mariae AB593740.1
Sporocadaceae
0.05
Overview Sordariomycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 30 002 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (170 taxa including outgroup;
771 aligned positions; 379 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.74 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Saccharata proteae (GenBank EU552145.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in
bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S21807).
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
280
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Diaporthales
Coniella wangiensis JX069857.2
Coniella diplodiella KX833352.1
Coniella diplodiopsis KX833358.1
Coniella solicola KX833417.1
Schizoparmaceae
Coniella fragariae KX833389.1
Coniella heterospora - Fungal Planet 629
Coniella obovata KX833409.1
Diaporthe padi AF408354.1
0.79
Diaporthe pustulata AF408357.1
Diaporthe perjuncta AF408356.1
Diaporthe obtusifoliae - Fungal Planet 702
Diaporthaceae
0.92
Diaporthe acaciigena JF951160.1
0.93
Diaporthe fusicola KY011836.1
0.99
Diaporthe ovoicicola KY011838.1
Pararamichloridium livistonae - Fungal Planet 662
Pararamichloridium verrucosum comb. nov. EF204508.1 - Fungal Planet 662
Pararamichloridiaceae Pararamichloridiales
0.83
Woswasia atropurpurea JX233658.1
Macgarvieomyces juncicola KM009153.1
Macgarvieomyces borealis DQ341511.1
Pyriculariaceae
Pyricularia borealis KM009150.1
Magnaporthiopsis poae KM401651.1
Magnaporthaceae
Pseudophialophora eragrostis KF689647
Pseudophialophora eragrostis KF689648
0.96
Pseudophialophora magnispora KP769835
Pseudophialophora dichanthii KP769837
Pseudophialophora angusta KP769841
Magnaporthaceae
Pseudophialophora whartonensis KP769834
Pseudophialophora schizachyrii KF689649
Pseudophialophora sorghi - Fungal Planet 649
Pseudophialophora panicorum KF689651
Pseudophialophora tarda KP769839
Chaetosphaeria rivularia KR347357.1
Codinaea pini KP004493.1
Dictyochaeta simplex AF178559.1
Codinaea lambertiae - Fungal Planet 683
Verhulstia trisororum - Fungal Planet 708
0.97
Chaetosphaeriaceae
Chaetosphaeria pygmaea AF466077.1
Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa AF178552.1
0.80
Chaetosphaeria luquillensis AF466074.1
0.78
Chaetosphaeria fuegiana EF063574.1
Chaetosphaeria callimorpha AF466062.1
Pseudodactylaria xanthorrhoeae - Fungal Planet 694
Pseudodactylariaceae Pseudodactylariales
Pseudodactylaria hyalotunicata comb. nov. EU107298.1 - Fungal Planet 694
0.78
Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti KX228303.1
Vermiculariopsiella eucalypticola - Fungal Planet 700
Vermiculariopsiella acaciae KX228314.1
Vermiculariopsiellaceae
Vermiculariopsiella dichapetali KX306796.1
0.95
Vermiculariopsiella immersa KJ476961.1
0.96
Lasiosphaeria rugulosa NG_042400
Lasiosphaeria glabrata AY436410
Lasiosphaeria sorbina AY436416
Lasiosphaeriaceae
0.99
Lasiosphaeria ovina AY587946
0.96
Lasiosphaeria similisorbina - Fungal Planet 639
0.98
Collariella hilkhuijsenii - Fungal Planet 715
Collariella quadra KU746724.1
0.97
Achaetomium strumarium AY681170.1
0.78
Achaetomium lippiae - Fungal Planet 625
Achaetomium sp. KC335142.1
Chaetomiaceae
Chaetomium globosum JX280684.1
Chaetomium cruentum KP336837.1
0.76
Chaetomidium pilosum FJ666356.1
Chaetomidium leptoderma FJ666353.1
Chaetomidium galaicum FJ666361.1
0.91
0.95
Vermiculariopsiellales
0.98
Chaetosphaeriales
Magnaporthales
0.92
Sordariales
0.85
0.05
Overview Sordariomycetes phylogeny (cont.)
0.05
Overview Sordariomycetes phylogeny (cont.)
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Plectosphaerellaceae
Microascaceae
Microascales
Pleurotheciaceae
Stachybotryaceae
Ophiocordycipitaceae
Nectriaceae
Hypocreales
Pleurothecium semifecundum JQ429239.1
Pleurothecium recurvatum KT278715.1
Carpoligna pleurothecii JQ429237.1
Phaeoisaria fasciculata KT278705.1
Phaeoisaria fasciculata KT278706.1
Phaeoisaria clematidis JQ429231.1
0.95
Phaeoisaria annesophieae - Fungal Planet 707
Plectosphaerella citrullae KY662255.1
Plectosphaerella ramiseptata KY662253.1
Plectosphaerella oligotrophica JX508809.1
Plectosphaerella niemeijerarum - Fungal Planet 713
Plectosphaerella plurivora KY662249.1
0.81
Plectosphaerella pauciseptata KY662251.1
Plectosphaerella
cucumerina JQ999955.1
0.83
Wardomyces hughesii LN851047.1
0.92
Doratomyces purpureofuscus LN851018.1
0.97
Doratomyces asperulus LN851007.1
Doratomyces stemonitis DQ836907.1
Gamsia kooimaniorum - Fungal Planet 706
Gamsia aggregatus LN851037.1
0.87
Gamsia dimerus LN851040.1
0.79 Gamsia columbinus LN851039.1
Gamsia simplex LN851041.1
Alfaria terrestris KU845996.1
Alfaria ossiformis KU845993.1
Alfaria putrefolia KU845995.1
Alfaria dandenongensis - Fungal Planet 693
0.77
Paramyrothecium terrestris KU846335.1
Paramyrothecium roridum AY283541.1
0.91
Striaticonidium brachysporum KU847257.1
Striaticonidium synnematum KU847268.1
Striaticonidium humicola KU847266.1
Striaticonidium cinctum KU847264.1
0.95
Striaticonidium deklijnearum - Fungal Planet 709
Myrothecium gramineum AY283538.1
0.91 Polycephalomyces phaothaiensis - Fungal Planet 647
Polycephalomyces nipponicus MG031229.1
Polycephalomyces ramosopulvinatus KF049627.1
0.86
Polycephalomyces sinensis NG_042573.1
0.98
Polycephalomyces formosus AY259544.1
Paracremonium contagium KP012631.1
0.75
0.98
Paracremonium inflatum KP012629.1
0.88
Paracremonium variiforme KU746739.1
0.93
Paracremonium binnewijzendii - Fungal Planet 644
Xenoacremonium recifei HQ232109.1
Fusarium verticillioides XR_001989346.1
0.96
Fusarium avenaceum JN938913.1
Fusarium acuminatum KF181211.1
Fusarium petersiae - Fungal Planet 712
0.99
Fusarium tricinctum KM249102.1
Fusarium lateritium KJ126470.1
0.96
Glomerellales Pleurotheciales
281
Fungal Planet description sheets
282
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Achaetomium lippiae
283
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 625 – 20 December 2017
Achaetomium lippiae M.G. Viana, C.C. Albuq., E.S. Santos, J.D.P. Bezerra &
L.M. Paiva, sp. nov.
Notes — According to morphological features and phylogenetic inferences, Wang et al. (2016a, b) demonstrated that
Achaetomium is a monophyletic lineage in the family Chaetomiaceae. Based on our phylogenetic analyses using concatenated ITS, BenA and LSU sequences, A. lippiae is closely
related to A. luteum. Based on a megablast search in GenBank,
the ITS sequence of A. lippiae has 98 % (525/535) similarity to A. luteum (CBS 618.68; GenBank KX976571.1), 96 %
(519/541) similarity to A. macrosporum (CBS 152.97; GenBank
KX976573.1), and 95 % (519/541) similarity to A. strumarium
(CBS 333.67; GenBank NR_144811.1), amongst others. On
its LSU sequence, A. lippiae is 99 % (792 /797) similar to
A. strumarium (CBS 333.67; GenBank AY681170.1), amongst
others. The BenA sequence has 95 % (400 / 423) similarity to A. luteum (CBS 618.68; GenBank KX976912.1), 89 %
(377/423) similarity to A. macrosporum (CBS 152.97; GenBank
KX976914.1) and 86 % (420/487) similarity to A. strumarium
(CBS 333.67; GenBank AY681238.1). Morphologically, A. lippiae is different from A. strumarium in size of the ascomata
((120–)160–300 µm diam vs 122–159(–256) µm diam in A. lippiae), number of ascomatal hairs (3 µm vs absent in A. lippiae), size of asci (48–78 × 7–11 µm vs 35–60 × 8–9.5 μm in
A. lippiae) and ascospores ((10–)11–13(–13.5) × 6–7.5 µm vs
10–16 × 5.5–6.5(–8) μm in A. lippiae), and presence of chlamydospores (absent vs present in A. lippiae) (Cannon 1986).
Achaetomium lippiae also differ from A. luteum in ascomata
size (116.2–182.6 × 99.6–157.7 μm), asci (37–40.7 μm) and
ascospores (8.8–10.3 × 3.7–6.6 μm) (Rai et al. 1964); and
from A. macrosporum in ascomata size (140–290 × 110–210
μm), asci (55–80 × 12–19 μm) and ascospores (16.5–21.5 ×
10–13.5 μm) (Cannon 1986).
Etymology. Name refers to the host plant, Lippia, from which this fungus
was isolated as endophyte.
Classification — Chaetomiaceae, Sordariales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium subhyaline, septate, 2–3 µm wide hyphae. Ascomata
superficial and immersed, solitary or gregarious, ostiolate,
brown to dark brown, globose to subglobose, 122–160(–256)
× 101.5–143(–212) µm. Ascomatal wall brown, textura intricata
or epidermoidea in surface view. Terminal or lateral hairs not observed. Asci fasciculate, cylindrical to subcylindrical, 8-spored,
soon evanescent, 35–60 × 8–9.5 μm, short-stipitate, without
apical structures. Paraphyses and periphyses not observed.
Ascospores 1-celled, brown to dark brown, limoniform, 10–16
× 5.5–6.5(–8) µm. Chlamydospores brown, globose to subglobose, terminal and intercalary, 10.5–14.5 × 8 µm. Asexual
morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies covering Petri dishes
after 2 wk at 25 °C. On PDA, colonies with cream to yellowish
floccose aerial mycelium, reverse yellowish with centre pale
brown. On MEA, colonies are similar to PDA with reverse
yellowish to amber. On WA, colonies with sparse growth and
whitish mycelium, reverse uncoloured.
Typus. Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte state, Mossoró municipality, Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (S5°22'43.85" W37°30'12.25"),
as endophyte from Lippia gracilis (Verbenaceae), Mar. 2015, M.G. Viana
(holotype URM 90067, culture ex-type URM 7547, ITS, LSU and BenA
sequences GenBank KY855413, KY855414 and KY855412, MycoBank
MB820711).
Maximum likelihood tree obtained by phylogenetic analyses of
the combined ITS and LSU rDNA and BenA sequences was
conducted in MEGA v. 7 (Kumar et al. 2016). Bootstrap support
values from Maximum Parsimony and Maximum Likelihood, and
Bayesian posterior probabilities, respectively, are indicated at
the nodes. The new species is indicated in bold face. Chaetomium globosum (CBS 160.62) was used as outgroup.
100/100/1 Achaetomium luteum CBS 618.68
91/98/0.99
Achaetomium luteum CBS 544.83
Achaetomium lippiae sp. nov. URM 7547
61/69/-
Achaetomium macrosporum CBS 152.97
100/100/1
100/100/1
Achaetomium macrosporum CBS 532.94
Achaetomium globosum CBS 332.67
100/100/1
Achaetomium strumarium CBS 333.67
Arcopilus turgidopilosus CBS 169.52
100/100/1
97/96/1
100/100/1
Arcopilus aureus CBS 153.52
Arcopilus aureus CBS 538.73
Arcopilus cupreus CBS 560.80
86/84/0.99
-/100/-
Arcopilus flavigenus CBS 337.67
Arcopilus fusiformis CBS 484.85
Arcopilus fusiformis CBS 485.85
Chaetomium globosum CBS 160.62
0.0100
Colour illustrations. Lippia gracilis in the Universidade do Estado do
Rio Grande do Norte. Ascomata, ascomatal wall, ascus, ascospores, and
chlamydospore. Scale bars = 25 µm and 10 µm, respectively.
Marcelino G. Viana & Everaldo S. Santos, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil; e-mail: bergvianna@hotmail.com & everaldo@eq.ufrn.br
Cynthia C. Albuquerque, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Campus Universitário Central,
Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, Brazil; e-mail: cycavalcanti@gmail.com
Jadson D.P. Bezerra & Laura M. Paiva, Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista,
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; e-mail: jadsondpb@gmail.com & mesquitapaiva@terra.com.br
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
284
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Aspergillus contaminans
285
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 626 – 20 December 2017
Aspergillus contaminans Hubka, Jurjević, S.W. Peterson & Lysková, sp. nov.
Etymology. contaminans (con.ta’mi.nans. L. adj.); contaminating, polluting, referring to the origin of the ex-type strain, which represented a clinical
sample contaminant.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
On MEA: Stipes pale brown with age becoming brown, smooth,
occasionally finely roughened, (100 –) 250 – 600(– 800) × 4 –
7(–8) μm; conidial heads radiate to columnar, pale brown to
brown; biseriate; vesicle nearly globose or pyriform, (12–)15–
24(– 28) μm diam; metulae cylindrical, covering 1/2 to 2/3
(rarely all) of the vesicle, (3–)4–7(–8) × (2.5–)3–4(–5) μm;
phialides ampulliform, (6–)7–9 × (2–)2.5–3(–3.5) μm; conidia
globose to subglobose, occasionally ellipsoidal, rough-walled to
spinose, green-brown in mass, 3–4(–4.5) μm diam including
ornamentation (3.7 ± 0.2), spore body 2.3–3.5 μm diam (2.9
± 0.2); Hülle cells subglobose, ovoid, elongated or irregularly
shaped, frequently curved, 15–40(–52) × 8–18(–20) μm, L/ W
1.1‒3.8 (2.2 ± 0.7).
Culture characteristics — (in the dark, 25 °C after 7 d):
Colonies on MEA 32–33 mm diam, sporulating area pale brown
to olive-brown, good sporulation, mycelium white to pale yellow, floccose, centrally abundant aggregations of pale yellow
Hülle cells, lightly overgrown with hyphae, exudate clear, no
soluble pigments, reverse buff. Colonies on CYA 35–36 mm
diam, sporulating area greyish brown, poor sporulation, inconspicuous, covered with white to very pale yellow mycelium,
lightly floccose to nearly velutinous, radially and concentrically
moderately deeply sulcate, pale yellow Hülle cell aggregations
at the centre of the colony, exudate clear to pale yellow only
at the centre of the colony, no soluble pigments, reverse buff
yellow. Colonies on OA 31–32 mm diam, pale brown to brown,
sporulation moderately good, mycelium white to pale, floccose,
abundant aggregations of pale yellow Hülle cells covered with
hyphae, exudate clear to pale brown, no soluble pigments,
reverse pale brown. Colonies on PDA 30–31 mm diam, sporulation area pale buff to pale brown, very good sporulation at
the centre of the colony, mycelium white to pale yellow, floccose, occasionally radially lightly sulcate, Hülle cells abundant,
covered with a mat of hyphae, exudate clear to pale brown,
no soluble pigments, reverse buff to pale yellow. Colonies on
CY20S 30–31 mm diam, sporulating area brown, poor to good
sporulation, mycelium white, floccose, no exudate, no soluble
pigments, reverse pale to pale buff. Colonies on CREA growing
more slowly compared with other media, 19–20 mm diam, poor
sporulation, mycelium white, Hülle cells sparse, no production
of acid compounds. No growth on MEA and CYA at 37 °C.
Typus. CzeCh repuBliC, Prague, fingernail of 18-yr-old woman (contamination), 2012, isol. P. Lysková (holotype PRM 944503, isotype PRM 935097,
culture ex-type CCF 4682 = CBS 142451 = NRRL 66666; ITS, LSU, β-tubulin,
calmodulin and rpb2 sequences GenBank LT594451, LT855552, LT594443,
LT594425 and LT594434, MycoBank MB821684).
Colour illustrations. Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Prague, Czech Republic where A. contaminans was isolated; 7-d-old colonies of A. contaminans
on MEA; conidia; conidiophores; Hülle cells. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Notes — BLAST analysis with the ITS, β-tubulin, calmodulin and rpb2 sequences of A. contaminans with the reference
sequences published by Samson et al. (2014) showed highest
hits with A. carlsbadensis: ITS 99 %; β-tubulin 97 %; calmodulin
94 %; rpb2 97 %.
Aspergillus contaminans belongs to Aspergillus sect. Usti and
is morphologically similar to A. carlsbadensis. The two species
can be distinguished by growth at 30 °C where A. contaminans,
after 7 d, attains 2–4 mm on MEA and 4–5 mm on CYA, while
A. carlsbadensis attains 28–32 mm on MEA and 19–24 mm
on CYA.
Aspergillus contaminans was isolated from a fingernail of
a Czech patient with mycologically proven onychomycosis
caused by the zoophilic dermatophyte Trichophyton benhamiae.
It was apparently not a cause of onychomycosis but represented
only a nail contamination.
[HE615120] CCF 4166T
[LT558753] CCF 4968
[FJ531141] CBS 123887T
97 77 [LT594424] CCF 5223
[EF652369] N 279T
100
[F
] CCF 3995
100
[HE653025] CCF 5059
[
] CBS 113227
EU076363
99
[EU076365] CBS 209.92T
100
[JN982684] AS3.15305T
[] N 35910T
93 [EF591716] CBS 114380
[HE616559] CBS 121601T
98
[EF652419] N 6135T
71 [LT558760] CCF 4965
[FJ531126] IBT 14493T
[FJ531125] IBT 16753
[FJ531124] IBT 18616
86
[TTT ] N 66343
100 [LT594426] CCF 5204
[LN896330] AUMC 6717
100
100 [TTTT] CCF 5205
100
A. thesauricus
100
72
99
[LT594425] CCF 4682T
A. germanicus
A. insuetus
A. keveii
A. keveioides
A. asper
A. calidoustus
A. pseudodeflectus
A. carlsbadensis
A. contaminans
[EF652367] N 275T
A. ustus
[EF652404] N 4991
[
] CBS 138202
KJ775260
100
A. porphyreostipitatus
[KJ775338] CBS 138203T
100
[FJ531129] IBT 28161T
A. pseudoustus
[HE615118] CCF 4150
100
A. baeticus
100 [HE615117] CCF 4226T
HE649499
[
] CCF 2710
100
A. puniceus
[EF652410] N 5077T
[EF652341] N 1931
100
A. granulosus
[EF652342] N 1932T
[EF652411] N 5096T A. heterothallicus
[FJ531143] CBS 434.93
100
A. monodii
[FJ531142] CBS 435.93T
[EF652349] N 2206T
100
A.
deflectus
95
[EF652375] N 4235
A. lucknowensis
[EF652371] N 3491T
[] N 66196T A. collinsii
[EF652406] N 4993T
A. turkensis
[EF652414] N 5176T
A. elongatus
[EF661171] N 4569T A. haitiensis
100
sect. Sparsi
[EF661173] N 1933T A. sparsus
100
0.02
A 50 % majority rule consensus maximum likelihood tree calculated from calmodulin sequences showing the relationships of
taxa within Aspergillus sect. Usti. The partitioning scheme and
substitution models for analysis were selected using PartitionFinder v. 1.1.1 (Lanfear et al. 2012). The HKY+I model was used
for introns, TrN model for the 1st, F81 for the 2nd and HKY+I for
the 3rd codon positions. The tree was constructed with IQ-TREE
v. 1.4.0 (Nguyen et al. 2015). The dataset contained 45 taxa and
a total of 805 characters of which 419 were variable and 360
parsimony-informative. Bootstrap support values at branches
were obtained by generating 1 000 bootstrap replicates. Only
bootstrap support values ≥ 70 % are shown; ex-type strains are
indicated by a superscript T. The tree is rooted with A. sparsus
NRRL 1933T and A. haitiensis NRRL 4569T.
Vit Hubka, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic; e-mail: hubka@biomed.cas.cz
Željko Jurjević, EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077, USA; e-mail: zjurjevic@emsl.com
Stephen W. Peterson, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service,
U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA; e-mail: stephen.peterson@ars.usda.gov
Pavlína Lysková, Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Mycobacteriology Prague,
Public Health Institute in Usti nad Labem, Sokolovská 60, 186 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic; e-mail: Pavlina.Lyskova@zuusti.cz
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
286
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Cadophora antarctica
287
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 627 – 20 December 2017
Cadophora antarctica Rodr.-Andrade, Stchigel, Mac Cormack & Cano, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the locality where it was collected, Antarctica.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes,
Pezizomycotina.
Mycelium composed of hyaline to olivaceous brown, smooth to
verrucous, thin- to thick-walled, septate, anastomosing hyphae,
2‒4 µm wide. Conidiophores mostly reduced to a short chain
of ramoconidia on a scar, laterally or terminally disposed on a
recurved or compressed coiled hyphae, rarely well-developed,
simple, stalked, erect or decumbent, up to 200 µm long, up to
4 µm broad. Ramoconidia holoblastic, 0(–1)-septate, brown to
dark brown, sometimes inequilaterally coloured, with one side
darker than the opposite, in longitudinal chains of up to six,
smooth- and thick-walled, lemon-shaped, flask-shaped, clavate
or nearly cylindrical, 5‒13 × 2‒4 µm, with one basal and up to
four apical scars. Conidia holoblastic, aseptate, brown to dark
brown, inequilaterally coloured, with one side darker than the
other, disposed in long, simple or ramified chains, with up to
four small-sized scars, smooth- and thick-walled, mostly broadly
lens-shaped but inequilateral due to one side being more flattened than the other, 4‒5 × 3‒4 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on MEA after 3 wk at
15 °C reaching 52‒54 mm diam, velvety, zonate, successively
pale grey (1D1), dark brown (6F4), medium grey (1E1), dark grey
(1F1), pale grey (1B1) and greyish brown (5E3) from the centre
towards the edge; exudates absent; diffusible pigment absent;
sporulation abundant; reverse successively greyish orange
(5B3), greyish brown (5E2), grey (7E1) and orange white (5A2)
from the centre towards the edge. Colonies on OA after 3 wk
of incubation at 15 °C 44‒45 mm diam, flat, floccose at the
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the DNA sequences
dataset from the ITS region of our isolate and sequences retrieved from GenBank. The tree was built by using MEGA v. 6.
Bootstrap support values ≥ 70 % are presented at the nodes.
Phialophora brunnescens CBS 295.39 and Phialophora calyciformis CBS 302.62 were used as outgroup. The new species
proposed in this study is indicated in bold. T represents the
ex-type strains.
centre, greyish brown (6D3) at the centre and brownish orange
(5C4) at the edge; exudates absent; diffusible pigment absent;
sporulation sparse; reverse greyish brown (6D3) at the centre
and pale grey (1D1) at the edge. Minimum temperature of
growth, 5 °C; optimum temperature of growth, 15 °C; maximum
temperature of growth, 25 °C.
Typus. antarCtiCa, South Shetland archipelago, King George Island,
near to Carlini’s Argentinean scientific base, from a diesel-contaminated soil
sample, 11 Jan. 2011, A.M. Stchigel (holotype CBS H-23211, cultures ex-type
CBS 143035 = FMR 16056; ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG385664
and MG385663, MycoBank MB822232).
Notes — Cadophora antarctica, recovered from a soil sample contaminated with diesel in King George Island (Antarctica),
displays the typical features of a psychrotrophic organism: it
has an optimal temperature of growth at 15 °C and is not able
to grow above 25 °C. Cadophora antarctica differs from all
previously known species of the genus (Gramaje et al. 2011,
Travadon et al. 2014), displaying holoblastic conidiogenesis,
forming conidiophores morphologically similar to cladosporiumlike taxa. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide database, the closest hit using the ITS sequence
is with the ex-type strain of Cadophora luteo-olivacea (CBS
141.41, GenBank AY249066; Identities = 493/513 (97 %),
Gaps 2/513 (0 %)); and using the LSU sequence it is with the
same strain of Cadophora luteo-olivacea (GenBank AY249081;
Identities = 533/541 (98 %), no gaps). Our ITS phylogenetic
tree corroborated the placement of our isolate as a new species of the genus Cadophora, phylogenetically closely related
to Cadophora luteo-olivacea.
79
93
Cadophora luteo-olivacea A171 (AY
90 Cadophora luteo-olivacea A208 (AY
Cadophora luteo-olivacea CBS 357.51 (AY
Cadophora luteo-olivacea CBS 141.41 (AY
Cadophora antarctica CBS 143035 T (
Graphium rubrum CBS 210.94 T
Graphium silanum CBS 206.37 T (AY
Cadophora malorum 7! "# !
85 Cadophora malorum CBS 266.31 (AY
Cadophora malorum CBS 165.42 T (AY
Phialophora gregata T #!
70
93 Cadophora gregata P19 (AY
91 Cadophora gregata P21 (AY
Cadophora novi-eboraci CBS 101359 T $% !
Cadophora orientoamericana NHC1 T $%
90
Cadophora fastigiata olrim417 (AY !
Cadophora melinii CBS 268.33 T (AY
Cadophora fastigiata CBS 307.49 T (AY !
98
Cadophora melinii CBS 268.33 (AY
Hymenoscyphus ericae UAMH 6735 T &!
99
Meliniomyces variabilis UAMH 8861 T (AY
Meliniomyces vraolstadiae UAMH 10111 T &
Cadophora finlandia CBS 444.86 T (AY
74 Meliniomyces bicolor UAMH 10107 T & !
Cadophora hiberna GB5530 T !
Phialocephala dimorphospora CBS 300.62 (AY
90
100 Phialocephala fortinii CBS 443.86 (AY
Phialocephala fortinii CBS 443.86 T (AY
Hyalodendriella betulae C') * +# !
Amorphotheca resinae A,CC
-7
100
Amorphotheca resinae C') !* +# !
Amorphotheca resinae D.% +#!
100 Phialophora brunnescens CBS 295.39 T (AY
Phialophora calyciformis CBS 302.62 T (AY
0,02
Colour illustrations. Typical landscape of King George Island (South
Shetland archipelago, Antarctica); colonies growing on different culture media
(OA, PDA and MEA at 15 °C, and MEA at 5 °C; top picture); conidiophores
and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Ernesto Rodríguez-Andrade, Alberto M. Stchigel, José F. Cano-Lira & Josep Guarro, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV,
Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain;
e-mail: dc.ernesto.roan@outlook.com, albertomiguel.stchigel@urv.cat, jose.cano@urv.cat & josep.guarro@urv.cat
Walter P. Mac Cormack, Departamento de Microbiología Ambiental y Ecofisiología, Instituto Antártico Argentino, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
e-mail: wmac@ffyb.uba.ar
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
288
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Yarrowia parophonii
289
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 628 – 20 December 2017
Yarrowia parophonii Gouliamova, R.A. Dimitrov, Guéorguiev, M.T. Sm., & M. Groenew.,
sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the insect host Parophonus hirsutulus from which
the ex-type strain was isolated.
Classification — Dipodascaceae, Saccharomycetales, Saccharomycetes.
After 5 d at 25 °C in yeast malt extract (YM) broth, cells are
ovoid to globose, 2–6 × 3–9 µm in size. Vegetative reproduction
is by multilateral budding. On glucose peptone yeast extract
agar (GPYA) and 5 % malt agar (MA) after 7 d at 25 °C streak
colonies are cream, butyrous, smooth, convex and with an entire margin. True hyphae are formed. After 1–2 wk of incubation
at 25 °C 1–2 hat-shaped ascospores were observed on YM
agar medium (Yarrow 1998). For full physiological test results
see MycoBank MB819716.
Typus. Bulgaria, from the gut of Parophonus hirsutulus (Carabidae),
9 Aug. 2009, D. Gouliamova (holotype D189, ex-type cultures NBIMCC
8889 = CBS 12427 preserved in metabolically inactive state, D1/ D2 domains of LSU rDNA and ITS (ITS1+2) sequences in GenBank JQ026370.2,
JQ026371.2, MycoBank MB819716).
Additional materials examined. Bulgaria, from the gut of Parophonus
hirsutulus (Carabidae), 9 Aug. 2009, D. Gouliamova, 83Y (NBIMCC 8888
= CBS 12462), 25L (NBIMCC 8900 = CBS 12468), 30L (NBIMCC 8902 =
CBS 12466), BH1 (NBIMCC 9804 = CBS 12471), KL1 (NBIMCC 8903 = CBS
12465) and 29L (NBIMCC 8901 = CBS 12441), LSU sequences GenBank
KC810944, KY457253–KY457257; ITS sequences GenBank KC810951,
KY457248–KY457252, respectively.
Notes — The phylogenetic analysis of the combined ITS
and LSU rDNA sequence alignment showed that the ex-type
strain clusters with C. oslonensis (96 % identity; 679 conserved
nt., 1 subst., 1 gap in ITS region; 16 subst. in LSU rDNA). The
additional strains examined show 100 % sequence similarity
to one another, with exception of strains 25L and BH1 which
showed 99 % similarity in ITS (3 nt. subst.). The new strains,
D189, 83Y, 25l, 30L and KL1 can be distinguished from C. oslonensis (CBS 10146T) based on assimilation profiles of twelve
compounds (details in MycoBank MB819716). The strains are
able to assimilate D-ribose (+/w/-), D-mannitol (+/w/-), gentobiose (+/w/-), Tween 40 (w), creatine (w) and can grow without
vitamins (w), biotine and thiamine, pyridoxine and thiamine.
The strains cannot assimilate L-sorbose, salicin and D-glucono
1.5 lactone. Hydrolysis of arbutin is negative. The strains were
provisionally labelled mating type + (29L, 30L, KL1, 83Y, D189)
and mating type – (25L, BH1) (Wickerham et al. 1970, Knutsen
et al. 2007, Groenewald & Smith 2013). Based on our results
we propose new combinations in the genus Yarrowia for the
following Candida species.
Yarrowia oslonensis (Knutsen et al.) Gouliamova, R.A. Dimitrov, M.T. Sm., & M. Groenew., comb. nov. — MycoBank
MB819718
Basionym. Candida osloniensis Knutsen et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol.
57: 2426. 2007.
Yarrowia alimentaria (Knutsen et al.) Gouliamova, R.A. Dimitrov, M.T. Sm., & M. Groenew., comb. nov. — MycoBank
MB819719
Basionym. Candida alimentaria Knutsen et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol.
57: 2426. 2007.
Yarrowia hollandica (Knutsen et al.) Gouliamova, R.A. Dimitrov, M.T. Sm., & M. Groenew., comb. nov. — MycoBank
MB819720
Basionym. Candida hollandica Knutsen et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol.
57: 2426. 2007.
Yarrowia phangngaensis (Limtong et al.) Gouliamova, R.A.
Dimitrov, M.T. Sm., & M. Groenew., comb. nov. — MycoBank
MB819721
Basionym. Candida phangngensis Limtong et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol.
Microbiol. 58: 515. 2008.
Phylogenetic analysis of the combined ITS and LSU rDNA
sequences of Yarrowia paraphonii D189 T and related species
using a neighbour-joining analysis (Kimura two-parameter
model; MEGA v. 6).
The following combinations were invalidly published, citing the
MycoBank number of the basionym for the new combination
(Crous et al. 2016b), and are herewith validated:
Priceomyces fermenticarens (Van der Walt & Baker) Gouliamova, R.A. Dimitrov, M.T. Sm., M.M. Stoilova-Disheva &
M. Groenew., comb. nov. — MycoBank MB818692
Basionym. Candida fermenticarens Van der Walt & Baker, Bothalia 12:
561. 1978.
Priceomyces northwykensis (R.S. Rao et al.) Gouliamova,
R.A. Dimitrov, M.T. Sm., M.M. Stoilova-Disheva & M. Groenew., comb. nov. — MycoBank MB818693
Basionym. Candida northwykensis R.S. Rao et al., Curr. Microbiol. 63:
115. 2011.
100
62
60
76 67
Yarrowia galli (G. Péter et al.) Gouliamova, R.A. Dimitrov, M.T.
Sm. & M. Groenew., comb. nov. — MycoBank MB819717
96 50
95
85
Basionym. Candida galli G. Péter et al., Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 86:
107. 2004.
100
78
100
Colour illustrations. The Kidney Lake in Rila mountains, Bulgaria; Parophonus hirsutulus (photo credit Aleš Sedláček, http://www.hmyzfoto.cz);
morphology of cells; true hyphae of Y. paraphonii D189T in YM broth (scale
bars = 10 μm); cluster of asci, some with hat-shaped ascospores formed in
crosses between strains D189T and 25L (scale bar = 5 μm).
100
Yarrowia oslonensis CBS 10146T AM279265/AM268477
Yarrowia parophonii D189T JQ026371/JQ026370
Yarrowia keelungensis CBS 11062T EF621566/EF621561
Yarrowia porcina NCAIM Y02100T KF649296/KF649289
Yarrowia yakushimensis CBS 10252A AM279260/AM268472
Yarrowia lipolytica NRRL YB-423T FJ153223/U40080
Yarrowia deformans CBS 2071T AM279254/EF405984
Yarrowia divulgata CBS 11013T KF425323/EU194451
Yarrowia galli NCAIMY 01486T EU343806/AY346454
Yarrowia bubula NCAIMY 01998T KF649301/JN256212
Yarrowia phangngaensis CBS 10407T NR 111357/AB304772
Yarrowia hollandica CBS 4855T AM279270/AM268482
Yarrowia alimentaria CBS 10151T AM279269/AM268481
Candida hispaniensis CBS 9996T AM279259/AY789654
Trigonopsis variabilis NRRL Y-1579T KY105763/JQ689074
Lipomyces starkeyi Y11557T AB614120/U45824
Dipodascopsis anomalia NRRL Y-7931T KY103362/JQ689073
100
0.05
Dilnora E. Gouliamova, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,
G. Bonchev 26, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; e-mail: dilnorag@gmail.com
Roumen A. Dimitrov, Sofia University ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, 5 James Bourchier Blvd., Sofia 1164, Bulgaria; e-mail: dimitrov@phys.uni-sofia.bg
Borislav V. Guéorguiev, National Museum of Natural History, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., Sofia 1000, Bulgaria; e-mail: bobivg@yahoo.com
Maudy Th. Smith & Marizeth Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.smith@westerdijkinstitute.nl & m.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
290
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Coniella heterospora
291
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 629 – 20 December 2017
Coniella heterospora Valenzuela-Lopez, Cano, Guarro & Stchigel, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the variable shape of the conidia.
Classification — Schizoparmaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
Hyphae hyaline to pale brown, smooth- and thin- to thick-walled,
septate, 2–5 µm wide. Pycnidia initially hyaline, becoming dark
brown with age due to the production of conidia, glabrous,
semi-immersed or superficial (OA), solitary, confluent with
age, globose, (320–)370– 500(–800) µm diam, without neck,
ostiolate, pycnidial wall of textura angularis, 50–65 µm thick,
5 – 6-layered, composed of hyaline to pale brown or brown,
flattened polygonal cells of 5–15 µm diam, on the inside of
the pycnidium there is a basal central cushion-like structure
composed of hyaline cells from which the conidiophores arise.
Conidiophores densely aggregated, hyaline, branched at the
base and with 2–3 supporting cells, or reduced to a single
conidiogenous cell. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, determinate,
smooth- and thin-walled, lageniform, 6.5 –12(– 16) × 1.5 – 2
(–2.5) µm, 1–1.5 µm wide at apex. Conidia hyaline at first,
becoming coppery-coloured when mature, aseptate, smoothand thin- to thick-walled, mostly with a large guttula, sometimes
biguttulate, variable in shape, mostly ellipsoidal, sometimes naviculate, limoniform, subsphaerical or irregularly-shaped, mostly
laterally compressed, apex acute to nearly rounded, truncate
at the base, with a longitudinal germ slit in older conidia, with a
minute basal appendage formed by rests of the conidiogenous
cell, (4.5–)5.5–8(–9.5) × (3–)4.5–6(–6.5) × 4–4.5(–5.5) µm.
1/88
Coniella fusiformis CBS 141596T
Coniella javanica CBS 455.68T
1/86
Coniella diplodiella CBS 111858T
1/98
Coniella diplodiopsis CBS 109.23
Coniella crousii NFCCI 2213
1/89
Coniella lanneae CBS 141597T
Coniella nicotianae CBS_875.72T
1/ 95 Coniella straminea CBS 149.22
1/96
Coniella pseudostraminea CBS 112624T
Coniella pseudogranati CBS 137980T
1/94
Coniella granati CBS 252.38
1/100
Coniella koreana CBS 143.97T
Coniella quercicola CBS 904.69T
1/99
Coniella africana CBS 114133T
Coniella erumpens CBS 523.78T
Coniella tibouchinae CBS 131594T
1/91
Coniella limoniformis CBS 111021T
1/97
Coniella eucalyptorum CBS 112640T
1/100
1/100
-/85
Coniella malaysiana CBS 141598T
Coniella eucalyptigena CBS 139893T
Coniella macrospora CBS 524.73T
Coniella wangiensis CBS 132530T
1/100
Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA reaching 79 mm
diam after 7 d at 25 ± 1 °C, flattened, white (M. 4A1); reverse
white (M. 4A1). Colonies on MEA reaching 86 mm diam after
7 d at 25 ± 1 °C, floccose, brownish grey (M. 4D2) to dark
grey (M. 4F1); reverse dark grey (M. 4F1). NaOH spot test
negative. Crystals absent. Optimal temperature of sporulation
and growth, 25 °C; minimum temperature of growth, 15 °C;
maximum temperature of growth, 30 °C.
Typus. Spain, Huelva, Almonte, road HF6245 from Los Cabezudos village to Los Bodegones village, from herbivorous dung, Mar. 2016, coll.
C. González-García and G. Sisó, isol. N. Valenzuela-Lopez (holotype CBS
H-23198, cultures ex-type FMR 15231 = CBS 143031, ITS, LSU, tef-1α and
rpb2 sequences GenBank LT800501, LT800500, LT800503 and LT800502,
MycoBank MB820451).
Notes — Coniella heterospora is characterised by the production of coppery-coloured conidia that are variable in shape.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hit using the LSU sequence is C. fragariae
CBS 183.52 (GenBank KJ710442; Identities = 835/838 (99 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the ITS sequence are C. fragariae
CBS 198.82 (GenBank KJ710465; Identities = 600/601 (99 %),
no gaps) and C. solicola CPC 17308 (GenBank KX833598; Identities = 589/591 (99 %), no gaps). The closest hits using the rpb2
sequence are C. solicola CBS 114007 (GenBank KX833504;
Identities = 756/767 (99 %), no gaps) and C. fragariae CBS
454.68 (GenBank KX833477; Identities = 751/767 (98 %), no
gaps). The closest hits using the tef-1α sequence are C. solicola
CPC 17308 (GenBank KX833702; Identities = 311/335 (93 %),
gaps 4/335 (1 %)) and C. fragariae STE-U 3713 (GenBank
AY339350; Identities = 327/359 (91 %), gaps 9/359 (2 %)).
Our phylogenetic tree, built by using concatenated LSU, ITS,
rpb2 and tef-1α sequences, corroborated that our isolate
represents a new species (Alvarez et al. 2016, Marin-Felix et
al. 2017). Coniella heterospora is morphologically similar to
C. fragariae, C. nigra and C. solicola, but differs in conidium
colour (coppery-coloured in C. heterospora vs dark brown in the
other three species) and shape (very variable and sometimes
irregularly-shaped in C. heterospora, and scarcely variable
in the other species). The phylogenetic analysis showed that
C. heterospora forms a basal branch with C. solicola and C. nigra,
and differs from these species in 8 bp and 10 bp for rpb2, respectively, and in 26 bp for both tef-1α nucleotide sequences.
Coniella peruensis CBS 110394T
-/75
Coniella paracastaneicola CBS 141292T
1/100
0.99/82
Coniella solicola CBS 766.71T
0.97/-
Coniella nigra CBS 165.60T
Coniella heterospora FMR 143031T
1/100
Coniella obovata CBS 111025
Coniella fragariae CBS 172.49T
0.05
Melanconiella sp. CBS 110385
Melanconiella hyperopta CBS 131696
Colour illustrations. Los Cabezudos-Los Bodegones, Huelva, Spain;
colony on MEA and OA after 14 d at 25 ± 1 °C; pycnidia under the stereomicroscope; conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia; conidia, some of
them showing minute basal cellular appendage (indicated by arrows). Scale
bars: conidiophores = 20 µm, conidiogenous cells and conidia = 10 µm..
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the combined DNA
sequences dataset from four loci (LSU, ITS, rpb2 and tef-1α)
of our isolate and sequences retrieved from the GenBank
database. Ex-type strains of the different species are indicated
with T. The new species proposed in this study is indicated in
bold. The Bayesian posterior probabilities (≥ 0.95) and RAxML
bootstrap support values (≥ 70 %) are provided at the nodes.
Melanconiella hyperopta CBS 131696 and Melanconiella sp.
CBS 110385 were used as outgroup.
Nicomedes Valenzuela-Lopez, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV),
Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain; Microbiology Unit, Medical Technology Department, Faculty of Health Science,
University of Antofagasta, Av. Universidad de Antofagasta s/n, 02800 Antofagasta, Chile; e-mail: nicomedes.vl@gmail.com
Alberto M. Stchigel, Josep Guarro & José F. Cano-Lira, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV),
Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain; e-mail: alberto.stchigel@urv.cat, josep.guarro@urv.cat & jose.cano@urv.cat
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
292
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Cuphophyllus yacurensis
293
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 630 – 20 December 2017
Cuphophyllus yacurensis A. Barili, C.W. Barnes & Ordoñez, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects the locality where the species was collected.
Classification — Hygrophoraceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetidae, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota.
Basidiomata stipitate, pileus convex, 6 mm diam, white, surface
smooth, dry, smooth margin. Texture slightly elastic, white, immutable. Lamellae white, thick, separate, decurrent, with lamellulae present, smooth margin. Stipe central, white, 40 × 1.5 mm,
cylindrical, smooth, white cottony mycelia at the base. Spore
print white. Basidia 32–37.5 × 7–7.5 µm, elongate, clavate,
2- and 4-spored, hyaline. Clamp connections present in the
hymenium, lamellar trama irregular. Pileipellis as cutis. Basidiospores 8–9 × 5–5.5 µm, ellipsoid, amygdaloid, ovoid, smooth,
non-amyloid, acyanophilic, non-dextrinoid, not metachromatic.
Habitat — Gregarious, on the ground, high montane forest.
Typus. eCuador, Zamora Chinchipe province, Yacuri National Park, alt.
3 234 m, May 2015, A. Barilli (holotype QCAM 5891, Fungarium QCAM,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank KY689662 and KY780119, MycoBank
MB820655, TreeBASE Submission ID 20679).
Notes — Phylogenetic analyses show Cuphophyllus
colemannianus as the closest species to C. yacurensis, but
several morphological differences were found. The pileus of
C. colemannianus is larger (10–50 mm), pale brown, slimy
surface, and striate margin, with intervenous lamellae, and
larger basidia between 37–51 mm (Trudell & Ammirati 2009).
A Blastn search was done with the complete ITS sequence of
634 bases of the C. yacurensis holotype (GenBank KY689662).
The results showed the closest match to C. colemannianus from
Canada (GenBank KM248879) with 97 % similarity from 21
base differences and 5 gaps. Following C. colemannianus in the
Blastn search results were several uncultured fungi, Camarophyllus borealis, Cuphophyllus virginea, and two Hygrocybe
virginea sequences. The phylogenetic analysis was done with
the above-mentioned sequences and Hygrocybe virginea as
the outgroup. The final alignment was trimmed to include ITS1
through ITS2 only and edited by hand for alignment errors.
The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Maximum
Likelihood plugin PHYML in Geneious R9 (http://www.geneious.
com; Kearse et al. 2012), and the substitution model determined
by jModelTest (Posada 2008) according to the Corrected Akaike
Information Criterion (AICc). Hygrocybe virginea (GenBank
FM208869 and FM208868) is the outgroup. Bootstrap support
values ≥ 70 % are given above the branches. The phylogenetic
position of C. yacurensis is indicated in bold. The species name
is followed by the GenBank accession number, and when the
country of origin was indicated, also by the three letter United
Nations country code, in order of appearance HUN: Hungary,
ECU: Ecuador, CAN: Canada, USA: United States of America.
Colour illustrations. Ecuador, Yacuri National Park; basidia; basidiospores
and clamp connection.
Maria E. Ordoñez & Alessio Barili, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador,
Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador;
e-mail: meordonez@puce.edu.ec & alessiobarili@hotmail.com
Charles W. Barnes, Instituto Nacional Autónomo de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina,
Panamericana Sur Km 1, Sector Cutuglahua, Pichincha, Ecuador;
e-mail: cbarnes333b@gmail.com
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
294
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Cyathus isometricus
295
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 631 – 20 December 2017
Cyathus isometricus R. Cruz, J.S. Góis, P. Marinho & Baseia, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named in reference to the isometrical dimensions of the
basidiomata.
Classification — Nidulariaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata infundibuliform to slightly campanulate, 7–11
mm in height, 7–11 mm in width at the upper part, isometrical
with straight sides, not expanded in the mouth or forming a
pedicel at the base. Emplacement 4 mm in width, conspicuous
to inconspicuous, brown (7F6 Kornerup & Wanscher 1978).
Exoperidium woolly (not hirsute), dark reddish brown to brown
(6F6–7F6), provided with 0.4–0.75 mm tomentum, arranged in
small, irregular and flexible tufts. External wall inconspicuously
plicated, with 0.55–0.8 mm between the striae. Mouth finely
fimbriated to finely setose, in a continuous pattern, 0.1–0.4 mm
in height, dark greyish brown to dark brown (6F3–7F5). Endoperidium greyish brown (7E3–7F3), inconspicuously plicated,
with 0.55–0.8 mm between the striae. Weak but perceptibly
bright, slightly contrasting with the exoperidium. Stipe and
epiphragm not observed in the sample. Peridioles greyish
brown (8F2–8F3), 2.35–2.7 × 2.1–2.5 mm, circular in shape,
sometimes angular to irregular, smooth surface, tunic indistinct
and provided with double layered cortex: internal cortex black,
external cortex greyish brown (8F3) and separated by a thin
and compacted hyphal layer, greyish in colour. Basidiospores
smooth, hyaline, 14–18 × 10–13 µm (L = 16.02; W = 11.42),
slightly elliptical to elongated (Q = 1.29–1.62), elliptical in average (Qm = 1.41), apicule absent and spore wall 1.5–3 µm thick.
with C. isometricus and C. crassimurus in the phylogenetic
analyses (comments below). From the same collection site, C.
isometricus has morphological similarities with C. calvescens,
however, the latter can be distinguished by the presence of a
pedicel in the basidiomata, tomentum finely woolly (almost glabrous), and the subhomogeneous double layered cortex (Cruz
& Baseia 2014). Phylogenetically, C. isometricus grouped (PP
= 100; MPbs = 85.98) in the clade formed by C. crassimurus
and C. setosus. Cyathus setosus presents similar macroscopic
measures and woolly exoperidium with short tomentum, and
both C. crassimurus and C. setosus have spores with the
same measurements and shape of C. isometricus. However,
C. setosus (holotype DAOM 200815) presents exo- and endoperidium with paler colour than in C. isometricus (exoperidium
5E8, endoperidium 5D4–5F6), external wall smooth, smaller
peridioles in its width (1.5–2 mm), setose mouth, and double
layered cortex with black intermedial layer. For C. crassimurus
(holotype DAOM 200372), this species has macroscopic small
sizes (4–5 × 4–6.5 mm, height by width), peridium with thick
and rigid wall, exoperidium smooth, hirsute, endoperidium with
platinum bright and paler colour (5C2), and smaller peridioles
(1–1.5 × 1–1.5 mm), bronze (5E5).
Typus. Brazil, Paraíba, Areia, Ecological Reserve Mata do Pau-Ferro,
on decaying wood, 23 July 2014, J.O. Souza, D.S. Alfredo & E.S. Sousa
(holotype UFRN-Fungos 2869, paratype UFRN-Fungos 2870, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MF595985 and MF595986, MycoBank MB822200).
Notes — Following Brodie’s (1975) classification, Cyathus
isometricus has characteristics that would group it both in group
I (olla) or in group III (triplex); in the classification based on
phylogenetic data by Zhao et al. (2007), it can be grouped in
the clade striatum. From Brodie’s (1975, 1984) group I (olla),
C. isometricus presents similarities with C. earlei, such as the
basidiomata measurements, spore size and apicule absent;
however, the holotype of C. earlei (BPI 703410) shows emplacement with prominent hyphae (cotonous), exoperidium hirsute
and endoperidium with platinum bright, both paler in colour
(exoperidium 5D7–5D8 and endoperidium 6C2–5C3), small
peridioles (1.6–1.97 × 1.45–1.87 mm) brown in colour (5F5),
with rugose surface and subhomogeneous double layered
cortex. From Brodie’s (1975) group III (triplex), the new species can be compared with C. setosus, a species that groups
Colour illustrations. Brazil, Paraiba, Areia, environment near the locality
where the type species was collected in the Ecological Reserve Mata do
Pau-Ferro; peridium (scale bar = 2 mm); upper view of peridioles (scale bar
= 1 mm); cross section showing the double-layered cortex, with internal black
cortex, external greyish brown (8F3) cortex, and separated by a thin and
compacted greyish hyphal layer (scale bar = 1 mm); basidiospores (scale
bar = 10 µm). All images from the holotype, UFRN-Fungos 2869.
The 50 % majority rule Bayesian tree was inferred from ITS
sequences with the model T92 + G using MrBayes v. 3.2.6
(Ronquist et al. 2012). A maximum parsimony analysis was
done (PAUP v. 4.0a156), and similar topology was obtained
(not shown). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) from 10 M
generations, and maximum parsimony bootstrap (MPbs)
support values from 10 000 replications and random addition
sequences repeated 10 times, are indicated on the branches.
The star (★) represents nodes with maximum PP and MPbs.
Type species are marked with asterisks (*) and the new species is in bold. The scale bar indicates the estimated number
of nucleotide substitutions per site. Sequence alignment is
available in TreeBASE (http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/
study/TB2:S21396).
Rhudson H.S.F. Cruz, Programa de Pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Centro de Biociências,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 59078-970, Brazil; e-mail: rhudsoncruz@yahoo.com.br
Jefferson S. Góis, Curso de Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Biociências,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 59078-970, Brazil; e-mail: jeff.gois@outlook.com
Paulo Marinho, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal,
Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; e-mail: paulomarinho@hotmail.com
Iuri G. Baseia, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal,
Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; e-mail: iuribaseia@gmail.com
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
296
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Entoloma nigrovelutinum
297
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 632 – 20 December 2017
Entoloma nigrovelutinum O.V. Morozova & A.V. Alexandrova, sp. nov.
Typus. Vietnam, Đắk Lắk Province, Krông Bông District, Bông Krang
communes, Krông Kmar, Chư Yang Sin National Park, 1.5 km W of Chu Pan
Phan Mt, 12.375567°N 108.354404°E, alt. 1 700 m, tropical montane evergreen mixed forest (Fagaceae, Magnoliaceae, Theaceae, Podocarpaceae),
9 Apr. 2012, A. Alexandrova (holotype LE295077, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MF898426 and MF898427, MycoBank MB822676).
Notes — Entoloma nigrovelutinum is a remarkable species
with bluish black basidiomata characterised by a trichoderm
structure of the pileipellis and absence of clamp-connections.
The structure of pileipellis makes it superficially similar to species of the subgenus Trichopilus (Aime et al. 2010) or Calliderma
(Morgado et al. 2013). Due to the stipitipellis structure it also
has a resemblance to some Leptonia species (Morozova et
al. 2014), or members of the newly proposed section Violaceozonata with serrulatum-type lamellae edge. However, the
Colour illustrations. Vietnam, Chu Yang Sin National Park, tropical montane evergreen mixed forest, type locality; spores; cheilocystidia; pileipellis;
basidiomata (all from holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm
(spores, cheilocystidia and pileipellis).
The closest species Entoloma velutinum from USA (Tennessee)
differs by the more slender habit, deeply depressed pileus, and
p-distance = 4 %.
E. nigrovelutinum MF898426
1.0/95
E. velutinum KY744172
1.0/100
Cyanula
E. velutinum KY777376
E. griseocyaneum KC898444
1.0/70
E. serrulatum KC898447
1.0/100
E. caesiocinctum LN850626
E. chalybeum KC898445
E. araneosum KC710056
0.99/76
E. jubatum LN850582
1.0/100
E. fuscotomentosum LN850605
E. sinuatum KC710116
E. cetratum KC898450
1.0/97
E. conferendum KC710055
E. undatum KJ001410
0.96/52
//
0.99/93
//
Pouzaromyces
Trichopilus
Basidiomata medium-sized, collybioid to tricholomatoid. Pileus
15‒40 mm diam, initially hemispherical to convex, becoming
applanate with or without central depression, with involute
margin, not hygrophanous, not translucently striate, blackish
blue to dark violet (18F6–8, 19F6–8; Kornerup & Wanscher
1978), entirely uniformly velvety. Lamellae moderately distant,
adnexed, adnate-emarginate or adnate with small decurrent
tooth, bluish grey (19B2–3), becoming greyish pink, with dark
blackish blue serrulate edge. Stipe 30–70 × 4–6 mm, cylindrical, broadened or tapering towards the base, longitudinally
striate, covered with blackish blue (19F6–8) squamules on a
whitish background, with white apex, white tomentose at base.
Context white, bluish under the pileus surface. Smell faint,
taste not reported. Spores (8.5–)9.5(–10.5) × (6–)6.5(–7) μm,
Q = (1.4–)1.5(–1.6), heterodiametrical, with 5–6 angles in sideview. Basidia 36–40.5 × 9.7–10.5 μm, 1–4-spored, narrowly
clavate to clavate, clampless. Cheilocystidia 35–65 × 5.5–10.5
μm, forming a sterile edge, cylindrical, lageniform or fusiform,
sometimes septate with dark intracellular pigment. Pileipellis
a well-differentiated trichoderm of cylindrical to slightly inflated
or fusiform hyphae 10–20 μm wide with swollen terminal elements and bluish violaceous intracellular pigment, brownish in
KOH. Caulocystidia as cylindrical hairs, 40–120 × 6–10 μm.
Clamp-connections absent.
Habit, Habitat and Distribution — In small groups on soil in
tropical montane evergreen mixed forests. Known from Vietnam.
Entoloma
Nolanea
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
absence of clamp-connections combined with the form of the
cheilocystidia suggests that this species belongs to the subgenus Cyanula. The position of the species within the Cyanulaclade has been confirmed based on the molecular analysis.
Claudopus
E. callidermum KC710115
Calliderma
E. quadratum KC898452
Inocephalus
1.0/100
E. euchroum KC898417
E. tjallingiorum KC898412
0.99/80
Leptonia
Etymology. The epithet refers to bluish black and velvety pileus surface
‒ from Latin nigrus (black) and velutinus (velvety).
E. violaceozonatum KC898448
Violaceozonata
E. indutoides KC898451
Griseorubida
Entocybe
E. nitidum KC710122
/93
Clitopilus hirneolus KC710132
outgroup
Phylogenetic tree derived from Bayesian analysis based on
nrITS1-5.8S-ITS2 data. Analysis was performed under GTR
model, for 5 M generations, using MrBayes v. 3.2.1 (Ronquist
et al. 2012). The ML analysis was run in the RAxML server
(https://embnet.vital-it.ch/raxml-bb/ (Stamatakis et al. 2008)).
Posterior probability (PP > 0.95) values from the Bayesian
analysis followed by bootstrap support values from the Maximum Likelihood (BS > 50 %) analysis are added to the left of
a node (PP/BS).
Olga V. Morozova, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia;
e-mail: OMorozova@binran.ru
Alina V. Alexandrova, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Faculty of Biology,
119234, 1, 12 Leninskie Gory Str., Moscow, Russia;
e-mail: alina-alex2011@yandex.ru
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
298
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Ganoderma podocarpense
299
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 633 – 20 December 2017
Ganoderma podocarpense J.A. Flores, C.W. Barnes & Ordoñez, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects the locality where the species was collected.
Classification — Polyporaceae, Polyporales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata perennial, flattened, flabelliform, 3.2 × 2.5 cm,
woody, hard consistency when dry, pileus glabrous, zonate,
opaque, dark brown, covered with cinnamon coloured basidiospores, margin slightly lighter in colour. Black cuticle of uniform
width throughout the basidiomata. Context woody, 0.4 cm in
width, no resin bands. Hymenial surface pale brown when
fresh or dry, turns darker upon contact, pores round, smooth,
5 per mm, thick wall; tubes brown, hymenium 7 mm in width,
not stratified. Cutis trichoderm. Hyphal system trimitic, generative hyphae yellow, 3.5 µm wide, thin-walled, skeletal hyphae
brown, predominant, 8 µm wide, thick-walled to solid, connective hyphae hyaline, thin, 2.5 µm wide. Basidia not observed.
Basidiospores ellipsoid, double-walled, truncate, brown, 8–10
× 5–6 μm, Q = 1.6.
Habit — Solitary, on fallen tree trunk.
Typus. eCuador, Zamora Chinchipe province, Podocarpus National Park,
Ecuador, alt. 1 002 m, June 2016, J. Flores (holotype QCAM6422, Fungarium
QCAM, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MF796661 and MF796660,
MycoBank MB822575, TreeBASE Submission ID 21473).
Notes — Based on morphology the sample belongs to the
G. applanatum complex (Gottlieb & Wright 1999). According to
the Neotropical Polypores key (Ryvarden 2004) G. citriporum
is the closest species, given the presence of a lateral stipe and
brown context colour. However, G. podocarpense differs in most
morphological characteristics. Amongst the most contrasting
are the smaller size of the stipe, absence of resin bands in
the context, different colour of the hymenium and the trimitic
hyphal system. The complete ITS sequence of 554 bases of
the G. podocarpense holotype was used for the Blastn search;
the ITS length followed Moncalvo & Buchanan (2008). The
Blastn results gave the two highest scores to Ganoderma sp.
from Argentina (GenBank AF255184) and Ganoderma sp. from
New Zealand (GenBank AF255183) reported by Moncalvo &
Buchanan (2008) as part of the G. australe-applanatum species complex. Ganoderma podocarpense had 23 single base
differences with 4 gaps, and 24 single base differences with
5 gaps from the two highest Blastn scores respectively. The
six highest Blastn scores, plus G. curtisii and G. meredithae,
Blastn scores eight and nine, were used in the phylogenetic
analysis. The final alignment was edited by hand for alignment
errors.
The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Maximum
Likelihood plugin PHYML in Geneious R9 (http://www.geneious.
com; Kearse et al. 2012), and the substitution model determined
by jModelTest (Posada 2008) according to the Corrected Akaike
Information Criterion (AICc). Ganoderma curtisii and G. meredithae (GenBank KF605641 and KY708881) is the outgroup.
Bootstrap support values ≥ 50 % are given above the branches.
The phylogenetic position of G. podocarpense is indicated in
bold. The species name is followed by the GenBank ID, and
when the country of origin was indicated, the three letter United
Nations country code is used, in order of appearance: USA:
United States of America, BRA: Brazil, ECU: Ecuador, ARG:
Argentina, NZL: New Zealand, THA: Thailand, CHN: China.
Colour illustrations. Ecuador, Podocarpus National Park; basidiomata;
hymenium; basidiospores (scale bar = 5 µm) and pileipellis (scale bar = 10
µm).
Maria E. Ordoñez & Jorge A. Flores, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador,
Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador; e-mail: meordonez@puce.edu.ec & jafa_90@hotmail.com
Charles W. Barnes, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina,
Panamericana Sur Km 1, Sector Cutuglahua, Pichincha, Ecuador; e-mail: cbarnes333b@gmail.com
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
300
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Geastrum caririense
301
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 634 – 20 December 2017
Geastrum caririense R.J. Ferreira, Accioly, S.R. Lacerda, M.P. Martín & Baseia, sp. nov.
Typus. Brazil, Ceará, Crato, Floresta Nacional do Araripe, alt. 972 m,
S 07°14'51.0" W39°28'43.8", on soil covered by leaf litter, 1 May 2014, R.J.
Ferreira 71 (holotype UFRN-Fungos 2266, ITS and LSU sequence GenBank
MF158626 and MF158627, MycoBank MB822275; isotype HCDAL 17).
Colour illustrations. Brazil, Pernambuco, Floresta Nacional do Araripe,
where the specimens were collected; immature basidiome in situ (HCDAL
17); mature basidiome in situ (UFRN-Fungi 2266); basidiospores under SEM
(UFRN-Fungi 2266); verrucose capillitium under SEM (UFRN-Fungi 2266).
Scale bars: basidiomata = 10 mm, basidiospores and capillitium = 2 μm.
ança/Bayesiana/Parcimonia
KJ127025_G_inpaense
lbon
igru
m
aense
sch
imi
G.a
G. inp
G.
G.
100/1/97
lii
a
ense sp
nov.
G. ishikawa
e
* *
G. elegans
m
inu
nt
e
rg
G. cariri
*
89/1/95
de
Exareolata
10
0/1
Elegantia
-/0.7/-
*
.c
G
Corollina
m
inu
ll
oro
*
/98
* *
G.
ruf
esc
en
s
10.0
One of the 189 equally most parsimonious trees of ITS nrDNA
sequences was obtained after a Branch and Bound parsimony
search using PAUP v. 4 (Swofford 2003). The new Geastrum
species, G. caririense, is shown in bold. The accession numbers from EMBL/GenBank databases are indicated. Bootstrap
support values greater than 50 % are indicated on the branches,
as well as posterior probabilities obtained after a Bayesian
analyses in MrBayes (Ronquist 2012). Geastrum elegans was
included as outgroup. CorelDRAW® X8 software was used to
edit the final tree.
Renato J. Ferreira, Pós-graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,
Recife, Pernambuco Brazil; e-mail: renatojuciano@hotmail.com
Thiago Accioly, Programa de Pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte,
Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; e-mail: thiagoaccioly@hotmail.com
Sirleis R. Lacerda, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri,
Crato, Ceará, Brazil; e-mail: sirleisrl@gmail.com
María P. Martín, Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC,
Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es
Iuri G. Baseia, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte,
Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; e-mail: iuri.baseia@gmail.com
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
KJ127023_G_inpaense
/1/100
Schimidelia
e
rm
ifo
en
lag
G.
G. saccatum
Unexpanded basidiomata epigeous, globose to subglobose,
just prior to slightly open, umbonate, 14–23 mm high × 15–28
mm wide, surface rugose with irregular cracks, brown to pale
brown (5E5 to 6D4, Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), with a few
soil incrustations. Expanded basidiomata saccate, 12–29 mm
in height (including peristome) × 24–58 mm wide. Exoperidium
splitting into 4–10 revolute, triangular and irregular rays, nonhygroscopic. Mycelial layer slightly encrusted with soil at the
base, persistent, orange to pale brown (KW6A4 to KW6D4)
or brownish orange (KW6C3), formed by hyaline to greenish
hyphae in 5 % KOH, branched, 1.6–3(–4) μm wide, lumen
evident, sinuous walls, 0.6 ± 0.1 μm thick. Fibrous layer papery,
pastel red to brownish orange (KW7A4 to KW6C3), 1–2.5 mm
thick when fresh, formed by hyaline hyphae in 5 % KOH, 2–4.5
μm wide, lumen evident, branched, straight walls, 0.7 ± 0.1
μm thick. Pseudoparenchymatous layer persistent, glabrous,
brownish grey to reddish grey (KW8D2 to KW8B4), cracking at
the ray bends and tending to form a pseudoparenchymatous
collar around the endoperidium in some specimens, formed
by pyriform to oval cells, 19.5–48(–54.5) μm high × 27–58
μm wide, pale yellow in 5 % KOH, straight walls, 0.6 ± 0.2 μm
thick. Endoperidial body globose to subglobose, 8 –19 mm
high × 10–21 wide, sessile, glabrous, grey to greyish brown
(KW5D1 to KW5E3), apophysis absent. Peristome fibrillose to
lacerate in age, mammiform, with the same colour as the endoperidium, up to 1–3 mm high, slightly delimited by a greyish
white (KW1B1) annulum. Mature gleba powdery, brownish grey
to dark brown (KW7E2 to KW8F4). Eucapillitium (2–)2.5–5
μm wide, branched, encrusted, verrucose, lumen evident, pale
brown in 5 % KOH, straight walls, 0.6 ± 0.1 μm thick. Basidiospores globose to subglobose, 4.5–6.5 μm high × 5–7 μm diam
((ẋ) = 5.7 ± 0.5 × 5.5 ± 0.5, Qm = 1.05, n = 30), brown in 5 %
KOH, densely covered by columnar warts with truncate apex,
0.4–0.6 μm, confluent around the apiculum.
Habitat, Habit and Distribution — Growing on leaf-litter on
the shaded ground of the forest; solitary to gregarious. The
distribution of G. caririense is restricted to the municipality of
Crato, Ceará State, Brazil. The specimens were found in the
Caatinga domain in a permanent protection area in Araripe
National Forest, Cariri region.
flex
uos
um
Classification — Geastraceae, Geastrales, Agaricomycetes.
Notes — Geastrum caririense is mainly characterised by
its brownish and cracked mycelial layer, peristome, fibrillose
to lacerate, poorly delimited, basidiospores with columnar
warts confluent around the apiculum. Geastrum inpaense is
morphologically close to G. caririense; however, it is easily
distinguished by the non-cracked mycelial layer with presence
of mycelial tufts, and smaller spores of 2.5 – 4 μm in width
including ornamentation (Cabral et al. 2014). Another related
species is G. albonigrum, but it clearly differs by its hairy and
detached mycelial layer and smaller basidiospores of 4–5 μm
in width including ornamentation (Sousa et al. 2014). Geastrum
argentinum also resembles G. caririense, but has a peeling-off
coriaceous mycelial layer, non-delimited peristome, and develops on a subiculum (Zamora et al. 2013). On the other hand,
Geastrum ishikawae can be distinguished from G. caririense
by its cottony to woolly mycelial layer, pruinose endoperidium,
non-delimited with coarsely folded peristome, and basidiospore
size and ornamentation, 4.5–7 μm diam including ornamentation (Crous et al. 2016a). Geastrum rufescens differs from this
new species by the cracked and evanescent pseudoparenchymatous layer in age, non-delimited peristome and mycelial
layer strongly encrusted with debris and sand (Sunhede 1989).
Geastrum aculeatum, G. echinulatum and G. litchiforme are
morphologically similar to G. caririense, but they have an aculeate, equinulated and pilose mycelial layer, respectively (Silva
et al. 2013, Hemmes & Desjardin 2011). Moreover, molecular
data from ITS and LSU show with high support that G. caririense
is different from the other species in sect. Exareolata.
G.
Etymology. In reference to the type locality, Cariri region.
302
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Glutinomyces brunneus
303
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 635 – 20 December 2017
Glutinomyces Nor. Nakam., gen. nov.
Etymology. Glutino- (L), after the mucoid colony exudates on PDA plates;
-myces (G), after fungus.
Classification — Hyaloscyphaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Mycelia colonise living roots of plants. Colonies are sometimes
overlaid with sticky exudates, especially during the early period
of cultivation. Septate hyphae are present that vary in diameter,
even within a single colony. These are often swollen to form
chlamydospore-like structures.
Type species. Glutinomyces brunneus Nor. Nakam.
MycoBank MB822387.
Glutinomyces brunneus Nor. Nakam., sp. nov.
Etymology. brunneus (L), refers to the brown colony colour.
Colonies grown for 28 d on potato dextrose agar (PDA) (Nissui,
Tokyo, Japan) at 25 °C are 36 mm diam, pale greyish brown to
dark greyish brown, flat and sulcate. Colonies are tough and
sometimes overlaid with sticky exudates, and are glabrous or
at times forming ridges. The colony margin is erose to undulate.
A yellow to red pigment is uniformly diffused around the colony.
Hyphae on PDA are septate, hyaline, 1.5–4.5 µm wide, and are
often swollen. Colonies grown for 28 d on modified Norkran’s
C (MNC) (Yamada & Katsuya 1995) at 25 °C are 32 mm diam,
light greyish brown (1317) to greyish brown (1919), flat and
sulcate. Colonies are tough and exudates are lacking, and are
glabrous. The colony margin is erose to undulate. A yellow to
red pigment is uniformly diffused around the colony. Hyphae
on MNC are septate, hyaline, 1.5–4.5 µm wide, and are often
swollen and form a spiral pattern. Colonies grown for 28 d on
2 % malt extract agar (MEA) at 25 °C are 45 mm diam, greyish
yellow (2212) to greyish brown (1919), flat and glabrous. The
colony margin is filamentous to undulate. Hyphae on MEA are
septate, hyaline, 1.5–4 µm wide, and are often swollen and
produce chlamydospore-like structures. Colonies remain sterile.
Typus. Japan, Kyoto prefecture, Kyoto city, Takaragaike park, isolated
from surface-sterilised roots of Quercus sp., July 2015, N. Nakamura (holotype preserved metabolically inactive JCM 32230, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank LC218306 and LC315171, MycoBank MB822896).
Additional material examined. Japan, Kyoto prefecture, Kyoto city, Mt
Kinugasa, isolated from surface-sterilised roots of Quercus serrata, Mar.
2016, N. Nakamura, JCM 32231, ITS sequence GenBank LC218301; Mt
Kodaiji, isolated from surface-sterilised roots of Castanopsis cuspidata, Feb.
2016, N. Nakamura, JCM 32232, ITS sequence GenBank LC218296.
Notes — BLAST searches of the ITS sequence did not retrieve any close sequences other than unidentified fungal root
endophytes. The ITS and LSU sequences placed G. brunneus
in the Hyaloscyphaceae (order Helotiales).
Colour illustrations. Quercus serrata trees in Japanese secondary forest;
colony morphology of Glutinomyces brunneus on PDA (left), MNC (centre)
and MEA (right) (after 28 d at 25 °C); chlamydospore-like swellings, spiral
hyphae and oil droplets in the hyphae stained using sudan black. Scale bars
= 50 µm.
Noritaka Nakamura, Chihiro Tanaka & Yuko Takeuchi-Kaneko, Laboratory of Terrestrial Microbial Ecology,
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan;
e-mail: nakamura.noritaka.54r@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp, chihiro@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp & yuuko@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
304
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Hemileucoglossum pusillum
305
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 636 – 20 December 2017
Hemileucoglossum pusillum V. Kučera, Fedosova & Arauzo, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects the small size of ascocarps, resulting in the
fungus being inconspicuous and hard to detect.
Classification — Geoglossaceae, Geoglossales, Geoglossomycetes.
Ascocarps scattered to gregarious, clavate, stipitate, 0.8–3.5
cm tall, 0.1–0.5 cm wide, black throughout. Ascigenous part
clavate, broadly clavate or compressed, c. 1/4–1/2 of the total
ascocarp length, 0.2–1.1 cm long, black, concolorous with the
stipe, compressed or oval in cross section, sharply delimited
from the stipe, smooth both in fresh and dry conditions. Stipe
terete, cylindrical, oval in cross section, slender to robust, conspicuously hairy with dark brown setose hairs in tufts in upper
part of the stipe when fresh, rough to squamulose when dry.
Asci clavate to broadly clavate, (135–)141.5 –181.5(–187) ×
(14–)15.5–23.5(–25) μm (measured in water), Q = (6.3–)6.8–
8.7(–9.5), 8-spored, with euamyloid apical ring and inamyloid
wall in MLZ and IKI. Ascospores elongate-clavate, subfusiform to fusiform, narrowed to the base, sometimes slightly
curved, (41–)50–76.5(–82) × (5–)5.5–7.5(–8) μm (in water),
Q = (8.5–)12.6(–15.2), hyaline, finally in some asci becoming
brown, predominantly 3–4-septate, rarely with 0–5(–6) septa.
Ascoconidia not observed. Paraphyses cylindrical, sparsely
septate, 2–3 μm diam, straight to slightly curved and inflated
at the apex, hyaline at basal part to pale brown at the apex,
embedded in a dense brown amorphous matter, extending
beyond the asci. Apical cells usually inflated and constricted
or pyriform, sometimes proliferating (12.5 –)18.5 – 46(– 54) ×
(4.5–)6–8.5(–11) μm. Stipe surface squamulose of protruding
paraphysal elements forming scales and with tufts of dark brown
setose septate hairs (85 –)90 –120(–144) μm long, straight,
moderately septate, basal cell usually inflated, (7–)10 –13
(–17.5) μm, medial part (4.5–)5.5–7(–9.5) μm and apical part
(2–)3 μm with rounded apex. For supplementary description
and iconography see H. littorale in Arauzo & Iglesias (2014).
Colour illustrations. Veľká Fatra Mts, Stankovany, calcareous fen Močiar
with mineral spring; spores; paraphyses and asci; asci and amyloid reaction
of the ascal apical ring; setose hairs of the stipe surface; ascocarps (all from
holotype); type locality. Scale bars = 1 cm (ascocarps), 20 μm (microscopic
structures).
Habit, Habitat & Distribution — In small groups on soil in the
vicinity of a mineral spring of the fen, in peat-bog and sandy
bank of the river. The species is known only from five localities,
two in Slovakia and three in Spain (Arauzo & Iglesias 2014).
Typus. SloVakia, Veľká Fatra Mts, calcareous fen Močiar, Stankovany,
c. 1.7 km NW from the village centre, N49°09'14.53" E19°09'6.39", alt. 440 m,
fen with mineral spring, in association of Triglochin palustre, Trichophorum
pumilum, Centaurium littorale subsp. uliginosum, on gravel soil, 11 Nov.
2016, V. Kučera (holotype SAV F-11293, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MF353090 and MF353093, MycoBank MB821845).
Additional specimens examined. SloVakia, Veľká Fatra Mts, Rojkov,
c. 500 m NWW from the centre, Rojkovské rašelinisko National Reserve,
N49°08'54.7" E19°09'17.4", alt. 438 m, peat bog, on soil, 8 Oct. 2014,
V. Kučera, SAV F-11208, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MF353088
and MF353091. – Spain, Bizkaia, Iurreta, N43°11'18.7" W02°37'57.9", alt.
135 m, sandy shore of the river Zaldai with Carex pendula, Chamaecyparis
lawsoniana, Fraxinus excelsior, Alnus glutinosa, 29 Oct. 2008, S. Arauzo,
ERRO-2008102901, ITS sequence GenBank KP144108 (as H. littorale in
Arauzo & Iglesias 2014).
Notes — Arauzo & Iglesias (2014) introduced a new genus
Hemileucoglossum for four species of Geoglossum with setose
hairs on the stipe, predominantly hyaline mature ascospores
and paraphyses agglutinated by a dense brown amorphous
material. The type species of the genus H. littorale occur in
localities with Littorela uniflora plants (Kers & Carlsson 1996)
and differs from H. pusillum in shorter and narrower asci
(120–145 × 18–20 μm) and spores (50–60 × 4–6 μm) and
presence of long brown branched hyphae (30–80 × 2–5 μm)
on the stipe surface. Hemileucoglossum alveolatum has more
septate (up to 15) and longer (60–95 × 4–5 μm) ascospores
(Durand 1908), H. elongatum differs in curved shape of apical
cells of paraphyses (Nannfeldt 1942), and H. intermedium has
spores with 7–11 septa (Durand 1908).
Maximum likelihood tree (RAxML web server) was obtained
from the ITS-LSU dataset sequences of Hemileucoglossum
pusillum (H: holotype) and other Geoglossaceae species
(TreeBASE submission ID 21213). The Bayesian analysis
(MrBayes v. 3.2.5) was performed for 1 M generations under
SYM+G model for ITS and GTR+G model for LSU. Numbers above branches indicate Maximum likelihood bootstrap
values > 75 %, thickened branches indicate Bayesian posterior
probabilities > 0.95. The scale bar represents the number of
nucleotide changes per site.
Viktor Kučera, Plant Biology and Biodiversity Center, Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences,
Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23, Bratislava, Slovakia; e-mail: viktor.kucera@savba.sk
Anna G. Fedosova, Laboratory of Systematics and Geography of Fungi, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
197376, 2 Prof Popov Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: anna.fedosova@gmail.com
Sabino Arauzo, Errotari Mycological Society, Laubideta 6, 48200 Durango, Bizkaia, Spain;
e-mail: sabino@errotari.com
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
306
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Hyalocladosporiella cannae
307
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 637 – 20 December 2017
Hyalocladosporiella cannae T.K.A. Kumar, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the host genus Canna, from which the fungus
was isolated.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Chaetothyriales, Eurotiomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline to olivaceous grey, branched,
septate, 1–3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores dimorphic, solitary and in loose fascicles. Microconidiophores erect, cylindrical, almost straight, geniculate, 1– 2-septate, pale brown to
olivaceous brown, smooth, thick-walled (1 µm), 15–40 × 3–4
µm. Macroconidiophores erect, cylindrical, flexuous, geniculate, 4–8-septate, pale brown to olivaceous brown, smooth,
thick-walled (1 µm), 50–130 × 4–5 µm. Conidiogenous cells
integrated, terminal, subcylindrical, smooth, pale brown to
brown, slightly thick-walled, 10–15 × 3–4 µm; loci sympodially arranged, slightly thickened and darkened. Primary ramoconidia ellipsoid to cylindrical, hyaline to pale olivaceous grey,
smooth, 0–3-septate, slightly thick-walled, 30–40 × 5–6 µm;
hila thickened and darkened. Secondary ramoconidia ellipsoid
to cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, 0–3-septate, slightly
thick-walled, 16–23 × 4–6 µm; hila thickened. Intercalary conidia fusoid-ellipsoid, hyaline, guttulate, smooth, 0–2 septate,
slightly constricted around the septum in some, thin-walled,
6–15 × 2–3 µm; loci thickened and darker. Terminal conidia
lemoniform to pyriform to guttuliform, ellipsoid or fusoid, hyaline,
guttulate, smooth, aseptate, thin-walled, 3–6 × 1–3 µm; loci
thickened and darker.
Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching 30 mm diam
after 1 wk at 28 °C on Sabouraud’s agar (SA), then growth
suddenly slowing down and cultures becoming non-viable and
dead, erumpent, folded with smooth margins, aerial mycelium
moderate. Surface on SA olivaceous grey, smoke-grey at the
centre, reverse olivaceous grey.
Notes — Hyalocladosporiella cannae is morphologically
and genetically distinct from the only other described species
in the genus, H. tectonae (Crous et al. 2014a). Morphologically, H. cannae can be distinguished from H. tectonae by the
former’s shorter macroconidiophores, wider ramoconidia,
shorter intercalary conidia that are 0 – 2-septate, and much
shorter lemoniform to pyriform to guttuliform, or ellipsoid to
fusoid terminal conidia that lack septa.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequences are several unidentified environmental samples, GenBank KT328894
(Identities = 579/579 (100 %), no gaps), GenBank GU054168
(Identities = 579/579 (100 %), no gaps), GenBank KM265975
(Identities = 549/549 (100 %), no gaps), GenBank KF435240
(Identities = 543/543 (100 %), no gaps), GenBank KF436120
(Identities = 526/526 (100 %), no gaps), GenBank KM265610
(Identities = 494/494 (100 %), no gaps) and H. tectonae (GenBank KJ869142; Identities = 550/581 (95 %), Gaps = 7/581
(1 %)). Interestingly, uredospores of Puccinia thaliae were
observed among the hyphae of H. cannae growing on Canna
indica leaves. However, evidence to prove hyperparasitism by
H. cannae was not obtained.
Typus. india, Kerala, Kozhikode, on leaves of Canna indica (Cannaceae),
20 Aug. 2014, T.K.A. Kumar (holotype CAL 1342, ITS sequence GenBank
MF072396, MycoBank MB821283).
Colour illustrations. Canna indica in Kerala; portion of leaf with mycelial
growth; conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
T.K. Arun Kumar, The Zamorin’s Guruvayurappan College, Kozhikode, Kerala 673014, India;
e-mail: tkakumar@gmail.com
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
308
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Hymenochaete macrochloae
309
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 638 – 20 December 2017
Hymenochaete macrochloae Olariaga & M. Prieto, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to its host, Macrochloa tenacissima.
Classification — Hymenochaetaceae, Hymenochaetales,
Agaricomycetes.
Basidioma annual, effuse, with appressed margin, loosely adnate, sometimes raised at the margin when old, brittle when
dry, initially orbicular, confluent afterwards, up to 5 cm diam.
Hymenophore smooth, initially even, minutely cracked in aged
basidiomata, cinnamon brown (6C8, 6D8) (Kornerup & Wanscher 1978). Margin appressed, slightly fimbriate and yellowish
brown (5B7) in young basidiomata, smooth and concolorous
with the hymenophore in older basidiomata. Basidioma section
60–130 μm thick, not stratified, composed of the hymenium and
the context. Basidia claviform, 4-spored, clampless, the lower
2/3 embedded in a resinous brown matter, 18–25 × 4–5.5
μm. Basidiospores ellipsoid in side view, thin-walled, smooth,
hyaline, sometimes brown, multiguttulate, non-amyloid, 5.5–7
× 3–4 μm (Lm = 6.1–6.5; Wm = 3.5–3.8; Qm = 1.7–1.8). Setae
abundant, arising from the subhymenium or the upper part of
the context, projecting up to 50 µm over the hymenium, subulate, dark brown, thick-walled (up to 3 µm thick), smooth, rarely
with a few hyphae forming a sheath, sometimes gibbose at the
base, often with a bi- or trifurcate base, (30 –)69 – 87(–100)
× 6.5–9(–10) μm. Context formed by interwoven generative
hyphae, cylindrical, moderately thick-walled, often branched at
a right angle, golden brown, clampless, 2.5–4 µm diam. Basal
layer of vaguely parallel-arranged hyphae observed in aged
basidiomata. Crystals sometimes present on the subhymenial
and context hyphae, bipyramidal to sphaeroid, 2 –3 µm diam.
Distribution — Currently known from several localities in the
central area of the Iberian Peninsula.
Phylogeny — ITS-LSU analyses reveal that specimens of
H. macrochloae form a clade with maximum support in both
analyses and are included in a major clade together with H. acerosa, H. epichlora, H. minuscula, H. orientalis, and an Asian
specimen assigned to H. cinnamomea (support values 87/1).
Sequences from European material of H. cinnamomea fall
outside this clade. Based on a megablast search of the NCBIs
GenBank nucleotide sequence database closest hits to the ITS
sequence of the holotype of H. macrochloae are H. fuliginosa
(GenBank JQ279545; Identities = 649/667 (97 %), Gaps =
3/667 (0 %)), H. acerosa (GenBank NR120042; Identities =
647/667 (97 %), Gaps = 2/667 (0 %)) and Hymenochaete sp.
(GenBank KM017419; Identities = 644/665 (97 %), Gaps =
3/665 (0 %)).
Typus. Spain, Toledo, Villarubia de Santiago, Valdelaparrilla, 654 m a.s.l.,
on dead stems in the core of cushions of Macrochloa tenacissima, 19 Dec.
2016, M. Prieto & I. Olariaga (holotype ARAN-Fungi 7079, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MF990738 and MF990745, MycoBank MB822948).
Isotypes at AH and UPS.
Additional material examined: Spain, Madrid, Aranjuez, El Regajal, 562 m
a.s.l., on dead stems of Macrochloa tenacissima, 14 Feb. 2016, M. Prieto &
I. Olariaga, ARAN-Fungi 7132, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MF990739
and MF990744; Madrid, Arganda del Rey, El Dragón, 620 m a.s.l., on dead
stems of M. tenacissima, 21 Apr. 2017, I. Olariaga, ARAN-Fungi 7133;
Madrid, Arganda del Rey, Dehesa de Carrascal, 630 m a.s.l., on dead stems
of M. tenacissima, 21 Apr. 2017, I. Olariaga, ARAN-Fungi 7134, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MF990740 and MF990745; Madrid, San Martín de la
Vega, El Rincón Verde, 585 m a.s.l., on dead stems of M. tenacissima, 23
Apr. 2017, I. Olariaga, ARAN-Fungi 7135, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MF990741 and MF990746). Hymenochaete cinnamomea: Spain, Basque
Country, Irun, Elurretxe, on dead wood of Fagus sylvatica, 14 Mar. 2014,
J.M. Lekuona, ARAN-Fungi 3014349, ITS and LSU sequence GenBank
MF990742 and MF990747).
Notes — Hymenochaete macrochloae is characterised by
producing thin basidiomata, short setae with a furcate to multifurcate base, basidia embedded in a resinous brown matter
and being apparently restricted to Macrochloa tenacissima – an
endemic Poaceae from arid areas of the Western Mediterranean countries. Hymenochaete acerosa differs from H. macrochloae in its considerably longer setae, basidia not embedded
in a resinous matter and occurring on angiosperm wood (He
& Li 2011). Hymenochaete orientalis shares with H. macrochloae setae that sometimes have a furcate base, but it has
longer setae and inhabits
bambusoid hosts (Nie et
al. 2017). Hymenochaete
macrochloae keys out as
H. cinnamomea using European literature, but the
latter differs in occurring on
woody substrates, having
thicker basidiomata, narrower spores and hyaline
basidia not embedded in
a resinous matter (Léger
1998, Bernicchia & Gorjón
2010).
H. macrochloae ARAN-Fungi 7135
97/1
H. macrochloae ARAN-Fungi 7134
100/1
65/0.97
H. macrochloae ARAN-Fungi 7132
H. macrochloae ARAN-Fungi 7079 (Holotype)
H. acerosa He338
70/0.95
92/1
85/0.97
H. minuscula He877
H. minuscula He253
H. sp. Spirin 5063
87/1
H. cinnamomea He755
100/1
H. orientalis He1057
98/1
H. orientalis He4601
90/
0.99
H. epichlora He525
H. fuliginosa TAAM164463/He785
H. nanospora He475
10/0.98
H. australis TAAM171362/CCUG610
81/1
H. senatoumbrina He349/TFC1984-017
H. adusta He207/He663
H. muroiana He4044
100/1
H. rhabarbarina He1065
H. rhabarbarina He280
71/1
H. separabilis He460/He267
H. ulmicola Spirin 7218/TAAM 184860
100/1
84/1
H. cinnamomea ARAN-Fungi 3014349
H. cinnamomea EL6-99
H. rubiginosa He1049
99/1
H. tasmanica He449
H. ochromarginata He47
100/0.99
H. denticulata He1271
H. cruenta He766
Pseudochaete tabacina He810
0.05
Colour illustrations. Macrochloa tenacissima community where the
holotype of Hymenochaete macrochloae was encountered; basidiomata
growing on dead stems of M. tenacissima, setae, basidia, multiguttulate
basidiospores in H2O (left) and basidiospores with homogeneous content in
KOH 5 % (right). Scale bars = 10 µm.
Maximum likelihood (ML) tree inferred from ITS-LSU sequences. The Bayesian analysis (MrBayes v. 3.3) was performed
using mixed models of evolution for 20 M generations. Supported values of maximum likelihood bootstrap (BP-ML) and
posterior probabilities (PP) are depicted at the nodes (BP-ML:
> 70 % / PP: > 0.95 are shown).
Ibai Olariaga, Aranzadi Society of Sciences, Mycology section, Zorroagagaina 11, P.C. 200014,
Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain; e-mail: ibai.olariaga@ehu.eus
María Prieto, Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, c/ Tulipán, P.C. 28933,
Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; e-mail: maria.prieto@urjc.es
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
310
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Lasiosphaeria similisorbina
311
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 639 – 20 December 2017
Lasiosphaeria similisorbina A.N. Mill., T.J. Atk. & Huhndorf, sp. nov.
Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the resemblance of this taxon
to L. sorbina.
Classification — Lasiosphaeriaceae, Sordariales, Sordariomycetes.
Ascomata ampulliform to ovoid, papillate, 400–500 µm diam,
500–600 µm high, numerous, scattered to gregarious, superficial; young ascomata tomentose, white, tomentum becoming
tightly appressed, crust-like and cream to waxy and brownish
grey with age, occasionally areolate, finally tomentum wearing away and ascomata becoming black and glabrous; neck
conical, glabrous, black. Ascomatal wall of textura angularis
in surface view, in longitudinal section 3-layered, 36–90 µm
thick, inner layer pseudoparenchymatous, 7– 24 µm thick,
composed of 4–6 layers of elongate, flattened, hyaline to pale
brown cells, middle layer pseudoparenchymatous, 12–34 µm
thick, composed of 5–8 layers of polygonal to angular, pale
brown cells, outer layer prosenchymatous, 17–32 µm thick,
composed of several to few layers of hyphae depending on
age of ascomata, hyphae 1–3 µm wide, hyaline to pale brown,
septate, thin-walled. Ascomatal apex with periphyses. Centrum
with yellow pigments that quickly diffuse in water. Paraphyses
filiform, 2–5 µm wide, longer than asci, hyaline, numerous,
septate, unbranched, persistent. Asci cylindrical, 160 – 230
× 14 – 20 µm, stipitate, stipe 27– 80(–120) × 4 – 5.5 µm, numerous, unitunicate, thin-walled, apex truncate; ring narrow,
shallow, refractive; subapical globule typically absent, with 8,
bi- to triseriate ascospores. Ascospores short cylindrical, ends
rounded, 32–45(–50) × 5–7.5(–10) µm (39.5 ± 4 × 6 ± 0.5),
allantoid to occasionally geniculate, usually aseptate, becoming up to 7-septate with age, hyaline to yellowish, occasionally
containing globose, refractive oil droplets, appendages absent,
occasionally producing phialides directly from the ascospores.
Culture characteristics — Colonies (of holotype and paratypes) moderately slow-growing on all media, covering the
WA, CMA and PDA plates in 28 d, silky and hyaline on WA
and CMA, felty and white (5A1–5A2) on PDA; margin even,
appressed, hyaline on all media; reverse same as the mat.
Asexual morph: Hyphae largely undifferentiated, 1–4 µm wide,
thin-walled, hyaline. Conidiogenous cells phialides, abundantly
produced from hyphae as single terminal phialides on WA and
CMA, not seen on PDA, delimited by a basal septum, monophialidic, cylindrical to lageniform, 8–15 × 1.5–5 µm at widest
part, hyaline; collarette absent. Conidia pyriform to obclavate,
truncate at base, 2.5–5.5 × 2–3 µm, hyaline.
Habitat & Distribution — Decorticated, well-decayed wood
of Freycinetia, Fuchsia, Nothofagus and Podocarpus in mixed
native forest. Known only from the North and South Islands of
New Zealand.
Colour illustrations. Background photo of typical subtropical forest in the
North Island of New Zealand; ascomata; longitudinal section through ascoma,
longitudinal section through ascomal wall; ascus; ascus apex; ascospore,
and phialides. Photos: Andrew Miller. Scale bars: 500 µm (ascomata), 100
µm (ascomal sections), 10 µm (all others).
Typus. new zealand, North Island, Gisborne, Urewera National Park, Lake
Waikaremoana, vic. of motor camp, Ngamoko Track, on decorticated wood,
30 May 1983, G.J. Samuels, P.R. Johnston, T. Matsushime & A.Y. Rossman,
AR 1884 (holotype at BPI, isotype at ILLS, culture ex-type AR 1884-1 (isolate
died before deposition), ITS-LSU GenBank sequence MF806376, MycoBank
MB822647).
Additional material examined. new zealand, North Island, Gisborne,
Urewera National Park, Lake Waikaremoana, vic. of motor camp, Ngamoko
Track, on decorticated wood, 30 May 1983, G.J. Samuels, P.R. Johnston,
T. Matsushime & A.Y. Rossman, AR 1885 (BPI); Tongariro National Park,
Erua Scarp, on 5 cm branch of decorticated, well-decayed wood in mixed
podocarp-broadleaf forest, 6 Apr. 2005, A. Bell, TJA786; Rangitikei, Rangiwahia Reserve, Ruahine Forest Park, -39.8095, 176.1289, 21 May 2015, A. Bell,
Herb. no. 1245 = PDD 110487 = ILLS 81090, isolates ANM Acc#874-1, -2,
-3, -4, -5 (all isolates died in culture before deposition), ITS-LSU GenBank
sequence MF806374; near Wellington, Rimutaka Forest Park, on log of
Freycinetia banksii, -41.3518S, 174.9228E, 20 Jan. 2013, A.N. Miller, J.A.
Miller, A. Bell & D.P. Mahoney, Herb. no. 1200 = PDD 103345 = ILLS 81088,
isolates ANM Acc#617-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7 (all isolates died in culture before
deposition), ITS-LSU GenBank sequence MF806375 (as L. sorbina in Bell
& Mahoney 2016); South Island, South Canterbury, Peel Forest, Kaihikatea
Walk, on decorticated, well-decayed wood in Podocarpus dacrydioides forest with mixed other natives and some pasture, 26 May 2002, T.J. Atkinson,
TJA144; Southland, Hokanui State Forest, on undetermined wood, 22 Apr.
1985, G.J. Samuels, P.K. Buchanan & L.M. Kohn, PDD 47762, cultures GJS
85-105 = CBS 124344 (as L. ovina; neither specimen nor CBS culture examined in this study), ITS sequence GenBank MF806377 kindly provided by
P. Crous for use in this study; near Dunedin, Woodside Glen, on decorticated
wood of 5 cm branch of Fuchsia excorticata, late 2005, N. Hesom-Williams,
TJA212; Woodside Glen, near Outram, Otago, on wood of unidentified tree,
-45.8501S, 170.1648E, 15 May 2008, A. Bell, D.P. Mahoney, Herb. no. 1044
= PDD 94223 = ILLS 81089, ITS-LSU GenBank sequence MF806373; North
Canterbury, Oxford, Oxford Forest, near Eyre Stream, on bark of 4 cm branch
of Nothofagus?, 24 Oct. 2005, Jerry Cooper, TJA907. See Appendices 2 and
3 in Atkinson (2006) for additional specimens examined.
Notes — Lasiosphaeria similisorbina possesses the typical
characters known for the genus: tomentose ascomata containing yellow centrum pigments (Miller & Huhndorf 2004a,
b). This species can be distinguished by its whitish ascomata,
lack of a distinct ascal subapical globule, and short cylindrical
ascospores that lack appendages. It has ascomata resembling L. ovina, but asci and ascospores similar to L. sorbina.
Lasiosphaeria ovina has a distinct ascal subapical globule and
ascospores with appendages, whereas L. sorbina has ascomata with greyish, pinkish or orange tomentum. Small (~2 µm
diam) subapical globules are occasionally observed in water
mounts of fresh material (e.g., TJA786), but these disappear in
Shear’s Mounting Media (Atkinson 2006). However, two collections from Leith Saddle, Dunedin (TJA927, TJA931) and one
from Nelson (PDD 36624), have subapical globules that remain
visible in Shear’s Mounting Media. As none of these three collections have been sequenced, it is possible they represent
a different taxon. Lasiosphaeria similisorbina is only known
from New Zealand, whereas L. ovina and L. sorbina are widespread throughout north temperate regions. Whether L. ovina
and L. sorbina truly exist in New Zealand awaits confirmation
via molecular sequencing. See MycoBank for supplementary
information.
Andrew N. Miller, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street,
Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA; e-mail: amiller7@illinois.edu
Toni Atkinson, P.O. Box 20, Warrington, Otago 9471, New Zealand; e-mail: tonijatkinson@gmail.com
Sabine M. Huhndorf, The Field Museum, Department of Botany, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago,
Illinois, 60605-2496, USA; e-mail: shuhndorf@fieldmuseum.org
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
312
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Lycoperdon demoulinii
313
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 640 – 20 December 2017
Lycoperdon subg. Arenicola Alfredo, M.P. Martín & Baseia, subg. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the basidiomata growing in sandy soil and
the exoperidium encrusted with sand grains.
Classification — Lycoperdaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata mature pyriform to turbinate, exoperidium incrusted with grains of sand, ornamentation of two types: verrucae in specimens of L. arenicola or spines in specimens of
L. demoulinii; the apical ornamentation falling off with age,
leaving a smooth to areolate surface of the endoperidium; gleba
powdery with age. Basal exoperidium composed of chains of
globose to subglobose sphaerocysts at the spine base, and
arranged in regular chains of cells in the spine apices (like in
L. perlatum). Apical endoperidium composed of mycosclerids
with irregular form, apical dehiscence composed of interwoven
hyphae with inflated terminations. Capillitium aseptate and
branched. Paracapillitium absent or septate and incrusted
with amorphous hyaline glebal membrane (in specimens of
L. arenicola). Basidiospores globose, punctate to slightly verrucose (A –B) (sensu Demoulin (1972), where A –D indicates
smooth/punctate basidiospores ‘A’ to strongly verrucose ‘D’)
under light microscope, and minute verrucae under Scanning
Electron Microscope.
Ecology & Distribution — The specimens of Lycoperdon
subg. Arenicola have single to gregarious habitats, growing
in Atlantic rainforest on sand dune or in amazon rainforest
(L. arenicola species). Until now, the distribution of L. subg.
Arenicola is restricted to Brazil.
Type species. Lycoperdon arenicola (Alfredo & Baseia) Baseia, Alfredo
& M.P. Martín.
MycoBank MB818186.
Lycoperdon demoulinii Baseia, Alfredo & M.P. Martín, sp. nov.
Etymology. In honour to Prof. Vincent Demoulin, for his contribution to
the study of the genus Lycoperdon.
Basidiomata mature epigeous, pyriform to turbinate, 16 – 20
× 11– 21 mm. Exoperidium incrusted with grains of sand,
ornamentation of black spines (14F4) 0.6–1 mm long at the
apical portion, and black verrucae (14F3) at the basal portion;
the apical spines falling off with age. Endoperidium yellowish white (3A2) to yellowish grey (3A3), surface marked by
areoles. Gleba powdery brown. Basal exoperidium composed
of globose to subglobose sphaerocysts, 20–39 × 19–27 µm,
disposed in non-regular chain at the base of the spines, which
remains on endoperidium surface after the spines have fallen
off, walls 1– 2.2 µm thick, while the spines are formed by
regular chains of sphaerocysts (like in L. perlatum), globose
to pyriform, 21–28 × 14–18 µm, walls < 1.5 µm thick. Apical
endoperidium composed of interwoven hyphae with inflated
terminations, 8–17 µm diam, walls 1.3–2.2 µm thick, mixed
with mycosclerids, irregular shape, 40–75 × 10–34 µm, walls
2–3.7 µm thick, weakly dextrinoid. Capillitium 3–5 µm diam,
without pores and septa, walls 1–1.8 µm thick. Paracapillitium
absent or rare. Basidiospores globose, 4–4.5 µm diam, punctate (A –B) often A in LM.
Ecology & Distribution — The specimens have a gregarious
habitat, growing in the Atlantic rainforest on sand dunes. Until
now the distribution of L. demoulinii is restricted to Brazil.
Typus. Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Parque Estadual Dunas de
Natal, S35°21'40" W06°18'18", in dunes growing on sandy soil, 24 June 2006,
leg. M.M.B. Barbosa & I.G. Baseia (holotype UFRN-Fungos 655, ITS and
LSU sequences GenBank KU958307 and KU958308; isotype S35°21'40"
W06°18'18", 11 May 2011, leg. B.D.B. Silva et al. UFRN-Fungos 2554,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank KU958309 and KU958310, MycoBank
MB816279).
Notes — The molecular analyses, based on ITS and LSU
nrDNA sequences, obtained by Alfredo et al. (2017) revealed
Lycoperdon subg. Arenicola proposed here as the sister clade
of L. subg. Morganella. Moreover, the two specimens of L.
demoulinii grouped in a well-supported clade (bootstrap, bs
= 100 %; posterior probability, pp = 1.0) and separate from L.
arenicola (bs = 84 %, pp = 1.0).
Lycoperdon demoulinii can be clearly distinguished from
L. arenicola since in L. demoulinii the exoperidium ornamentation is formed by big spines (0.6 –1 mm long) that fall off
leaving an endoperidium surface marked by areoles; while in
L. arenicola these features are not present (Alfredo et al. 2014,
2017). Lycoperdon americanum and L. echinatum are species
morphologically similar to L. demoulinii in that they have the
exoperidium ornamentation formed by spines, and the endoperidium surface is areolate; in L. demoulinii the spines are
smaller than in L. americanum (3 mm long) (Demoulin 1972)
and L. echinatum (3–6 mm long) (Demoulin 1983, Calonge
1998). Also, the basidiospore ornamentation is different among
these species: in L. demoulinii are mostly punctate (A) (although
B can be found), whereas in L. americanum and L. echinatum
they are verrucose (C).
Colour illustrations. Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Parque Estadual
Dunas de Natal, field track of locality type where the specimens were collected; a. dry specimen; b. detail of exoperidium ornamentation; c. detail of
endoperidium surface areolate; d. mycosclerids from apical endoperidium;
e. capillitium and basidiospores punctate in LM. All images from holotype
UFRN-Fungos 655. Scale bars: a = 10 mm; b–c = 2 mm; d = 20 µm; e = 5 µm.
Donis S. Alfredo, Programa de Pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal,
Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; e-mail: donis.s.a@hotmail.com
María P. Martín, Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2,
28014 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es
Iuri G. Baseia, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal,
Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; e-mail: iuri.baseia@gmail.com
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
314
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Megatomentella cristata
315
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 641 – 20 December 2017
Megatomentella D.A.C. Almeida, Gusmão & A.N. Mill., gen. nov.
Etymology. Referring to the well-developed tomentum.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Ascomata superficial, globose, tomentose, subiculum present,
ostiolate. Beak ridge-like, laterally compressed, opening by an
elongate, slit-like ostiole. Pseudoparaphyses trabeculate, with
gelatinous coating. Asci clavate, long-stipitate, thin-walled, bitunicate, fissitunicate, apex rounded, octosporous. Ascospores
biseriate, fusiform, curved, septate, hyaline, without sheath,
guttulate.
Type species. Megatomentella cristata D.A.C. Almeida, Gusmão & A.N.
Mill.
MycoBank MB822811.
Megatomentella cristata D.A.C. Almeida, Gusmão & A.N. Mill., sp. nov.
Etymology. From Latin cristatus. Referring to the laterally compressed
ascomal neck, resembling a crest.
Ascomata 340 – 480 × 300 – 480 µm, superficial, numerous,
densely aggregated, globose, ostiolate, surface roughened,
tomentose, sometimes forming subgroups with continuous
tomentum giving an areolate aspect. Beak 145–220 µm long,
90–130 µm high, apical, laterally compressed, opening by an
elongate, slit-like ostiole of same length; subiculum abundant,
formed by brown, branched hyphae appressed to substrate. Ascomatal wall in longitudinal section 2-layered, 26–53 µm thick,
inner layer pseudoparenchymatous, 15–28 µm thick, of textura
angularis alternating with textura prismatica, composed of
8–10 layers of polygonal to elongate, pale brown, thick-walled,
pseudoparenchymatic cells, outer layer heavily-melanised,
21–33 µm thick, not showing individual cell structure. Pseudoparaphyses 1–1.5 µm wide, trabeculate, with gelatinous coating. Asci 109–225 × 8–12 µm, spore-bearing part 48–73 µm,
stipe 49–170 µm, clavate, long-stipitate, thin-walled, bitunicate,
fissitunicate, apex rounded, octosporous. Ascospores 17–27
× 3.5–6 µm, biseriate, fusiform, straight or curved, 1-septate,
upper cell swollen near the septum, hyaline, without sheath,
guttulate, guttules spherical.
Colour illustrations. Brazil, Ubajara National Park, field track inside an
enclave of Atlantic Forest located on a mountaintop where the species was
collected; ascomata; longitudinal section through ascomal wall; ascus; ascus apex showing fissitunicate dehiscence; centrum with several asci and
pseudoparaphyses; ascospores. Scale bars (as indicated).
Typus. Brazil, Ceará, Ubajara, Ubajara National Park, on branches of
unidentified plant, 4 May 2012, D.A.C. Almeida (holotype HUEFS 155135,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MF919671 and MF919670, MycoBank
MB822842).
Notes — Megatomentella is similar to Ostropella and Xenolophium in the morphological characteristics of the ascomata,
which are superficial, globose with a slit-like ostiole, and the
long-stipitate asci enclosing eight, fusiform ascospores. However, the ascomata of these two genera differ from Megatomentella by having papillae instead of a distinct laterally compressed
beak and the ascospores are usually pigmented and constricted
at the septa. Lophiostoma can also be compared to our material
in the ascomata opening by a slit-like ostiole, but it is distinct in
having immersed to erumpent ascomata lacking tomentum and
by short-stipitate asci. Additionally, our specimen grouped in an
independent clade within Pleosporales, but separate from the
type species of these three genera: L. macrostomum, O. albocincta and X. applanatum. Megatomentella may represent a
member of a distinct family in Pleosporales, but a multi-gene
phylogeny is necessary to add support to this clade before a
new family is warranted.
Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree obtained using
RAxML in CIPRES based on LSU nrDNA. Numbers above
branches refer to bootstrap support values ≥ 70 % and
thickened branches indicate significant Bayesian posterior
probabilities ≥ 95 %. The new genus is highlighted in yellow.
GenBank accession numbers for the LSU sequences are given
after taxon names.
Davi A.C. de Almeida & Luís F.P. Gusmão, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina, S/N – Novo Horizonte,
44036-900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil; e-mail: daviaugusto@gmail.com
Andrew N. Miller, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street,
Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA; e-mail: amiller7@illinois.edu
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
316
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Mutinus verrucosus
317
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 642 – 20 December 2017
Mutinus verrucosus T.S. Cabral, B.D.B. Silva, K. Hosaka, M.P. Martín & Baseia, sp. nov.
Etymology. In reference to the verrucose surface of the fertile portion of
the pseudostipe.
Classification — Phallaceae, Phallales, Agaricomycetes.
Unexpanded basidiome (egg) ovoid to pyriform, 11–18 mm
high × 6–8 mm diam, epigeous. Exoperidium membranaceus,
smooth, white to yellowish white (4A2), with white rhizomorphs
at the base attached to the soil. Endoperidium with gelatinous
content, hyaline. Expanded basidiome composed of a pseudostipe and volva. Pseudostipe cylindrical, 80 mm high × 6 mm
diam, acuminated at the apex, hollow, spongy, apically perforated; sterile portion white at the bottom, becoming yellowish
white (4A2) close to the fertile portion, chambered; fertile portion (receptacle) 22 mm high, reaching 1/3 of the total length
of the pseudostipe, brownish red (9D6, 9E6), thick, obclavate
but slightly truncate at the tip, with a pore at the apex, surface
strongly verrucose. Gleba on the terminal portion of receptacle, mucilaginous, olive brown (4F3). Pseudostipe composed
of pseudoparenchymatous cells, hyaline, irregular shaped,
20–57.5 × 18–47 µm. Volva formed by filamentous hyphae,
septate, branched, hyaline, 2.6–4.5 µm diam. Rhizomorphs
composed of filamentous hyphae, septate, hyaline, 1–5 µm
diam, with crystals disposed in globose cells (14.5 – 50.5 ×
17–50 μm). Basidiospores cylindrical, 4–5 × 2–2.5 μm [x =
4.3 ± 0.1 × 2.4 ± 0.6 μm, Qm = 1.7, n = 20], smooth, hyaline.
Typus. Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte, Baía Formosa, Reserva Particular
do Patrimônio Natural Mata da Estrela, growing on soil, 2012, B.D.B. da
Silva (holotype UFRN-Fungos 2026, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MF447811 and MF447809, MycoBank MB822002).
Additional material examined. Brazil, Pará, Belterra, Floresta Nacional
do Tapajós, 2014, T.S. Cabral, UFRN-Fungos 2803, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MF447810 and MF447808.
Notes — Mutinus verrucosus is morphologically close to
M. proximus and M. penzigii, due to the nature of the surface
of the apical portion. There is little information on M. proximus,
especially about the surface of the receptacle; however, it is different from M. verrucosus by having smaller basidiomata (up to
5 mm high), and the imperforate orange-red receptacle (Massee
1891). Mutinus penzigii was initially described based on a specimen registered as Jansia elegans from Java (Penzig 1899); this
species is characterised by the peg-shaped processes on the
surface of the receptacle (Lloyd 1909, Fischer 1910), which is
different from the verrucose receptacle found in M. verrucosus.
These species also differ in habitat: M. penzigii was found on
rotten bamboo stems, while M. verrucosus is found on soil.
Another morphologically similar species to M. verrucosus is
M. boninensis, due to its white pseudostipe and brownish red
receptacle perforated at the apex, but M. boninensis has an
annulated surface of the apical portion (Lloyd 1909, Kobayasi
1937). On the other hand, M. borneensis resembles M. verrucosus with the white pseudostipe (Penzig 1899, Kibby 2015),
but the apical portion surface is an irregular fragile network
of variable meshes, and with brownish colour. Based on ITS
nrDNA phylogenetic analyses, M. verrucosus is close to M. albotruncatus with high support values (posterior probability = 1;
bootstrap = 99 %); however, M. albotruncatus has a pale
brown receptacle with slightly verrucose surface and doliiform
to cylindrical shape (Da Silva et al. 2015).
ITS nrDNA phylogenetic tree obtained with MrBayes v. 3.1.2.
(Huelsenbeck & Ronquist 2001) under GTR+I+G model for 3 M
generations. Both type and paratype of the new species are
marked with a rectangle. The GenBank accession numbers are
indicated before species names. Support values are indicated
on the branches (posterior probabilities/bootstrap). TreeBASE
submission ID 21112.
Colour illustrations. Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte, Baía Formosa, Reserva
Particular do Patrimônio Natural Mata da Estrela (Photo: Rhudson H.S.F.
Cruz). On top, apically perforated fertile portion and fresh basidiome of
Mutinus verrucosus (UFRN-Fungos 2026 and UFRN-Fungos 2803); scale
bars = 10 mm. On bottom, crystals disposed in globose cells (red arrow)
found on rhizomorphs; hyphae of rhizomorphs; and spores; scale bars = 40,
20 and 10 µm, respectively.
Tiara S. Cabral, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; e-mail: ttiara@gmail.com
Bianca D.B. da Silva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; e-mail: biancadeni@yahoo.com.br
Kentaro Hosaka, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; e-mail: khosaka@kahaku.go.jp
María P. Martín, Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es
Iuri G. Baseia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; e-mail: iuri.baseia@gmail.com
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
318
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Nothophoma raii
Fungal Planet description sheets
319
Fungal Planet 643 – 20 December 2017
Nothophoma raii Rohit Sharma, sp. nov.
Etymology. The species is named in the honour of Prof. Mahendra K. Rai,
SGB Amaravati University, India, for his contribution to the systematics of
the genus Phoma.
Classification — Didymellaceae, Pleosporales, Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, 194.3–315.5 × 195.6–411.3 µm, globose to subglobose, solitary or confluent, scattered across
the Petri dish, glabrous, with or without non-papillate ostiole,
sometimes projections around the ostiolum, initially brown, later
brownish black; peridium 3–5-layered, 15–25 μm thick, cells of
pycnidial wall composed of angular dark brown cells, 9.7–14.4
μm diam, thick-walled, Conidiogenous cells hyaline, thin-walled,
bottle-shaped. Conidia aseptate, 11–14.5 × 1.5–2.5 μm, ellipsoidal, with several small, scattered guttules. Chlamydospores
present, elongated barrel-shaped, in chains, olivaceous brown,
11–21.5 μm × 4.5–8.5 μm diam. Hyphae pale to dark brown,
thin- to thick-walled, smooth, septate, anastomosing. Sexual
morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — The fungus was isolated from soil
on customized HK Medium 30A (sucrose 1 g, casein enzymic
hydrolysate 0.75 g, yeast extract 0.25 g, pancreatic digest of
casein 0.154 g, papaic digest of soybean meal 0.027 g, sodium
chloride 0.045 g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.022 g,
agar 15.0 g) (Hi-Media, India) reaching 60 mm diam in 7 d at
28 °C; moist, flattened, irregular margin, indefinite shape, did
not produce pycnidia, front and reverse are black coloured.
Colonies on CA attaining 50 mm in 7 d at 25 °C, brownish
black, flattened or effused, compact, reverse concolorous, and
margins regular with mycelia embedded in the medium. Colonies on OA attaining 60 mm in 7 d at 25 °C, brown olivaceous,
flattened or effused, compact, reverse concolorous, and margins thread like with mycelia embedded in the medium. Black
dot-like pycnidia formed in OA and CA after 1 mo of incubation
that are darker than the mycelia. Pycnidia are larger and more
abundant on OA.
Habitat — Soil.
Distribution — India (Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra).
57
Typus. india, Pune (Pimpri), Maharashtra, soil from industrial area, 1 Aug.
2012, R. Sharma (holotype preserved in metabolically inactive state MCC
1082, ITS and β-tub sequences GenBank MF664467 and MF664468, MycoBank MB822354).
Notes — The genus Nothophoma (Didymellaceae, Pleosporales) was established by transferring five species of Phoma
section macrospora with Nothophoma infossa as type species
(Chen et al. 2015). Nothophoma is a close relative of Phoma
characterized by aseptate, ovoid, oblong to ellipsoidal conidia,
and its distinct phylogenetic position (Chen et al. 2015). It
now comprises six species viz., N. anigozanthi, N. arachidishypogaeae, N. gossypiicola, N. infossa and N. quercina. The
MP phylogenetic tree constructed by using the ITS and β-tub
sequences showed that MCC 1082 represents a new species of
the genus Nothophoma clustering together with N. gossypiicola
with a bootstrap value of 98 %. Nothophoma raii differs from
N. gossypiicola by its higher growth rate on OA, larger pycnidia
(194.3–315.5 × 195.6–411.3 µm vs 100–250 µm) and slightly
longer but narrower conidia (11–14.5 × 1.7–2.5 µm vs 10–12.5
× 2.5–3.5 µm). The chlamydospores of N. raii are also larger
than N. gossypiicola (11–21.5 × 4.5–8.5 vs 8–12 µm).
Phylogenetic Analysis — Two phylogenetic trees of ITS
and β-tub regions were prepared using sequences of N. raii
and other Nothophoma species from GenBank and Crous et
al. (2016b) showing the phylogenetic position of the new species. The BLASTn results of ITS sequence of N. raii (GenBank
MF664467) with fungal ex-type sequences showed closest similarity with N. anigozanthi CBS 381.91 (GenBank NR_135992.1;
Identities = 426/434 (98 %), Gaps = 2/434 (0 %)) and N. infossa
CBS 123395 (GenBank NR_135968; Identities = 423/434
(97 %), Gaps = 2/434 (0 %)). A phylogenetic tree showed that
it clustered with N. gossypiicola CBS 377.67. The BLASTn
results of β-tub sequence of N. raii MCC 1082 (GenBank
MF664468) with ex-type sequences showed maximum similarity with Dothiora bupleuricola strain CBS 112.75 (GenBank
KU728618; Identities = 489/497 (98 %), Gaps = 0/497(0 %)),
Verrucoconiothyrium eucalyptigenum CBS 142535 (GenBank
KY979935; Identities= 456 /497 (92 %), Gaps = 1/497 (0 %))
and N. anigozanthi strain CBS 381.91 (GenBank GU237580;
Identities = 313/335 (93 %), Gaps = 1/335 (0 %)). A phylogenetic tree of β-tub sequences including N. raii MCC 1082 shows
that it clusters with N. gossypiicola CBS 377.67.
Nothophoma infossa /01 234456 89:;3<=36> 9:;3<246?
Nothophoma quercina /01 @44A53 8BE34<5==> BE34<@=5?
85
Nothophoma anigozanthi /01 4G2A52 8BE34<G63> BE34<6G=?
52
Nothophoma gossypiicola CBS 377.67 (GU237845/ GU237612?
98
Nothophoma raii MHH IJKL OMPQQRRQSU MPQQRRQKV
Nothophoma macrospora EWX1/Z\^2@_3<@ 8`aGG=64@> `aGG=645?
Phoma herbarum /01 @26A<6 89:;3<=33> b9363<=4?
53
Phoma bulgarica /01 46<AG; 8BE34<G4<> BE34<6G5?
Maximum parsimony phylogram of ITS and β-tub sequence
analysis; species of Phoma are used as outgroup. The phylogenetic position of N. raii is indicated in bold. Branches with
bootstrap support (BS) ≥ 50 % (based on 1 000 replicates) are
shown.
Colour illustrations. India, Maharashtra, Pune, Pimpri industrial area
near antibiotic producing industry; colony on OA and CA after 30 d at 25 °C,
conidiomata under microscope, hyaline conidia, thick-walled elongated and
barrel-shaped chlamydospores. Scale bars = 10 μm.
Rohit Sharma, Amey Thakur, Prafull Pawar & Karthika U. Nair, National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR), National Centre for Cell Science,
S.P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India; e-mail: rohit@nccs.res.in
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
320
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Paracremonium binnewijzendii
321
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 644 – 20 December 2017
Paracremonium binnewijzendii Houbraken, van der Kleij & L. Lombard, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after Daan Binnewijzend, who collected this species.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
No sexual morph or chlamydospores observed. Mycelium consisting of hyaline, septate, branched, 2–4 µm diam hyphae. Conidiogenous cells subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, unbranched,
erect, slightly tapering towards apex with an inconspicuous
collarette, (17.5 –)30 – 55(– 65) × 1.5 – 3 µm, 0(–1)-septate.
Conidia formed in slimy heads at apices of conidiogenous cells,
aseptate, ellipsoidal to fusoid, occasionally curved, smooth,
(6–)7–11(–13) × (1.5–)2.5–3.5(–4.5) µm, mean ± standard deviation 8.5 ± 1.6 × 3.0 ± 0.5.
Culture characteristics — Colony diam, 7 d, in mm: PDA
(25 °C) 16–23; PDA (30 °C) 18–25; PDA (37 °C) 8–13; MEA
(25 °C) 16–22; SNA (25 °C) 20–25.
PDA, 25 °C: Colonies low convex; sporulation profuse; aerial
mycelium present in centre, white; soluble pigments in agar
orange-brown; margin slightly irregular; conidia en masse
orange-pink; reverse orange-brown in centre, margin pale
orange-brown. MEA, 25 °C: Colonies centrally elevated, slightly
radially and concentric sulcate; sporulation poor; mycelium
white to pale brown, synnematously bundled; soluble pigments
absent; margin slightly irregular; conidial colour inconspicuous;
reverse reddish brown. OA, 25 °C: Colonies effuse; sporulation
moderate; mycelium white; aerial mycelium absent; conidia en
masse pink-orange, in centre; reverse red-brown.
Notes — The genus Paracremonium was recently established for different strains from a group of fungi previously
treated as Acremonium recifei (Lombard et al. 2015). Four species are currently accepted in Paracremonium, P. binnewijzendii
(described here), P. contagium, P. inflatum and P. pembeum.
Paracremonium binnewijzendii was isolated from stream embankments (The Netherlands), while P. contagium (Canada)
and P. inflatum (India, Colombia) are associated with human
infections, and P. pembeum with trees (Acer negundo, Persea
americana, Platanus racemosa, Ricinus communis) and heads
of Euwallacea sp. (California, USA) (Lombard et al. 2015, Lynch
et al. 2016).
Paracremonium binnewijzendii can be distinguished from the
other species in the genus by its conidial size: the conidia of
P. binnewijzendii are generally more than 7 µm in length, and
the conidia of the other species in the genus are usually less
than 7 µm long. Paracremonium inflatum can be distinguished
from the other species by the production of sterile coils from
which conidiophores radiate, and P. pembeum is the sole species in the genus that produces globose to ellipsoidal, hyaline,
thick-walled chlamydospores. No chlamydospores or coiled
hyphae were observed in P. contagium (Lombard et al. 2015,
Lynch et al. 2016).
Typus. netherlandS, Leiden, ex soil from stream embankment, 2015,
D. Binnewijzend (holotype CBS H-23246, culture ex-type DP-39 = CBS
143277; ITS, LSU and BenA sequences GenBank MG250173, MG250174
and MG254816, MycoBank MB823317).
Additional material examined. netherlandS, Leiden, isol. soil from stream
embankment, 2015, D. Binnewijzend (DP-166; DP-167 = CBS 143278).
The phylogenetic tree (BenA+ITS+LSU) was inferred using the
Maximum Likelihood method using the RAxML-HPC v. 8.2.8
BlackBox. Bootstrap support values are indicated at the nodes
(1 000 bootstraps). The scale bar indicates the expected number
of changes per site. Paracremonium binnewijzendii is phylogenetically unique and is basal to other species in the genus.
CBS 110348T Paracremonium contagium
100
100
92
UCR2993T Paracremonium pembeum
UCR2323 Paracremonium sp.
CBS 485.77T Paracremonium inflatum
100
100
100
DP-166 Paracremonium binnewijzendii
DP-167 Paracremonium binnewijzendii
DP-39T Paracremonium binnewijzendii
100
Colour illustrations. Stream embankment in Leiden, The Netherlands; PDA
(left), OA (right) (7-d-old colonies); detail of colony on PDA; conidiophores;
conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
CBS 137.35T Xenoacremonium falcatus
CBS 400.85T Xenoacremonium recifei
0.1
Strain 4477 Nectria cinnabarina
Jos Houbraken & Lorenzo Lombard, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: j.houbraken@westerdijkinstitute.nl & l.lombard@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Pim van der Kleij, Dupont Industrial Biosciences, Archimedesweg 30, 2333 CN Leiden, The Netherlands;
e-mail: Pim.van.der.Kley@dupont.com
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
322
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Penicillium uruguayense
323
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 645 – 20 December 2017
Penicillium uruguayense Guevara-Suarez, Dania García, Cano & Gené, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Uruguay, where the fungus was isolated.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetidae, Eurotiomycetes.
Colony diam in 7 d (mm) — On CYA: 25 °C 48–50, 30 °C 54–
56, 37 °C 39–50; on MEA: 25 °C 44–47, 30 °C 50–52, 37 °C
42–45; on YES: 25 °C 53–55, 30 °C 54–56; 37 °C 50–53;
on OA: 25 °C 40–45, 30 °C 50–60, 37 °C 40–45; on DG18:
25 °C 10–12; on CREA: 25 °C 10–12, weak acid production.
Colony characters at 25 °C in 7 d — On CYA, colonies
velvety, slightly raised at the centre, radially sulcate, mycelium
brownish grey (7C2) to yellow (3A7), margin entire; reverse
reddish brown (9F8) to greyish yellow (3B5); conidial sporulation absent; abundant production of cleistothecia; exudate
present, consisting of small hyaline to yellow droplets along
the sulcus; soluble pigment golden yellow (5B7). On MEA,
colonies granular, flat, mycelium white, margin entire; reverse
greyish yellow (4B5); abundant cleistothecia; conidial sporulation absent; exudate and soluble pigment absent. On YES,
colonies somewhat cerebriform at the centre, radially sulcate
towards the periphery, mycelium white; reverse brown (6E8);
sporulation absent; exudate and soluble pigment absent. On
OA, colonies granular, flat, mycelium white, margin entire; reverse light yellow (2A5); abundant production of cleistothecia;
conidial sporulation scarce, with conidial masses dull green;
exudate and soluble pigment absent.
Micromorphology — Conidiophores only observed on OA,
monoverticillate; stipes 20 – 50 × 2 – 2.5 μm, smooth-walled,
hyaline. Phialides in verticils of 3–4 per verticil, ampulliform,
8–10 × 2–2.5 μm. Conidia globose to subglobose, 2.5–3 ×
2–3 μm, smooth-walled. Cleistothecia ripen after 1–2 wk on
CYA, MEA and OA at 25 °C, superficial, globose, 90–210 µm
diam, greyish yellow. Asci clavate to ovoid, 7–9 × 5–7 μm.
Ascospores mostly subglobose, 3–4 × 3–3.5 μm, finely spiny,
with conspicuously pleated subequatorial crests.
Notes — Penicillium uruguayense belongs to sect. LanataDivaricata. Phylogenetically, it is located in a basal branch in
the P. javanicum clade (Visagie et al. 2015). This clade includes
other sexually reproducing species, i.e., P. caperatum, P. elleniae, P. javanicum, P. malacosphaerulum and P. reticulisporum. Penicillium uruguayense is characterised by having good
growth at 37 °C on all media tested, by the production of acid
on CREA and by its restrictive growth on DG18. Within the P.
javanicum clade, only P. elleniae and P. caperatum produce acid
on CREA. However, the latter two species have ascospores
with two longitudinal flanges or equatorial ridges (Visagie et al.
2015), which are inconspicuous and subequatorial in P. uruguayense. In addition, P. caperatum has smooth ascospores,
whereas in P. elleniae and P. uruguayense they are spinose.
The latter two can be differentiated by their conidial ornamentation, i.e., spinose in P. elleniae and smooth in P. uruguayense.
Penicillium malacosphaerulum and P. reticulisporum also have
smooth conidia, but their ascospores are finely rough-walled
with two longitudinal flanges. Penicillium javanicum and P. uruguayense are the only species in the clade showing ascospores
with an inconspicuous longitudinal furrow, but unlike the other
related species, P. javanicum produces roughened stipes.
Typus. uruguay, Colonia Del Sacramento, from soil, 2007, collector
unknown (holotype FMR H-14490, cultures ex-type CBS 143247 = FMR
14490; LSU, ITS, BenA and CaM sequences GenBank LT904730, LT904729,
LT904699 and LT904698, MycoBank MB822920).
0.05
100
Maximum likelihood (ML) tree obtained from the analysis of ITS,
BenA and CaM sequence data. Bootstrap support values above
70 % are shown at the nodes. The alignment included 1 387 bp
(ITS 490 bp, BenA 444 bp, CaM 453 pb) and was performed
with ClustalW and MUSCLE. Kimura-2-parameter (K2P) with
Gamma distribution and invariant sites (G+I) was used as the
best nucleotide substitution model. Both the alignment and
tree were constructed with MEGA v. 6.06 (Tamura et al. 2013).
The name in red is the new species described. T = type strain.
4X
P. camponotum CBS 140982T
P. subrubescens CBS 132785T
P. ochrochloron CBS 357.48T
P.
svalbardense CBS 122416T
75
P. piscarium CBS 362.48T
86
P. annulatum CBS 135126T
P. rolfsii CBS 368.48T
P. excelsum IBT 31516T
P. pulvillorum CBS 280.39T
P. ehrlichii CBS 324.48T
P. bissettii CBS 140972T
P. vasconiae CBS 339.79T
P. zonatum CBS 992.72T
P. abidjanum CBS 246.67T
P. daleae CBS 211.28T
92
P. amphipolaria 140997T
99
P. singorense CBS 138214T
P. penarojense CBS 113178T
100
P. vanderhammenii CBS 126216T
99
94
P. infrabuccalum CBS 140983T
P. pedernalense CBS 140770T
P. onobense CBS 174.81T
90
P. paraherquei CBS 338 59T
100
P. brasilianum CBS 253 55T
91
P. skrjabinii CBS 439.75T
98
P. araracuarense CBS 113149T
P. wotroi CBS 118171T
P. tanzanicum CBS 140968T
90
P. cataractarum CBS 140974T
P. mariae crucis CBS 271.83T
P. panissanguineum CBS 140989T
87
P. simplicissimum CBS 372.48T
P. malacosphaerulum CBS 135121T
87
P. reticulisporum CBS 121.68T
P. caperatum CBS 443.75T
98
P. javanicum CBS 341.48T
70
P. elleniae CBS 118135T
P. uruguayense sp. nov. FMR 14490T
P. meloforme CBS 445.74T
T
100 P. coeruleum CBS 141.45
P. levitum CBS 345.48T
P. cluniae CBS 326.89T
P. lineolatum CBS 188.77T
P. curticaule CBS 135127T
P. limosum CBS 339.97T
100
P. brefeldianum CBS 235.81T
P. raperi CBS 281.58T
P. cremeogriseum CBS 223.66T
89
P. ortum CBS 135669T
P. glaucoroseum NRRL908T
99
P. janthinellum CBS 340.48T
96
P. ludwigii CBS 417.68T
P. griseopurpureum CBS 406.65T
P. koreense KACC 47721T
P. glabrum CBS 125543T
P. roseoviride CBS 267.35T
Section
Lanata-Divaricata
Colour illustrations. Lighthouse at Colonia Del Sacramento, Uruguay
(image credit: Rosa Cabecinhas and Alcino Cunha); colonies growing on
CYA observe, CYA reverse, MEA observe, MEA reverse, YES observe and
OA observe, after 15 d at 25 °C; ascoma, peridial wall; asci; conidiophores;
conidia; ascospores. Scale bars: 100 μm (ascoma), 10 μm (all others).
Marcela Guevara-Suarez, Dania García, Josep F. Cano-Lira, Josep Guarro & Josepa Gené, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV,
Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain;
e-mail: marcelita726@gmail.com, dania.garcias@urv.cat, jose.cano@urv.cat, josep.guarro@urv.cat & josepa.gene@urv.cat
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
324
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Phyllosticta catimbauensis
325
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 646 – 20 December 2017
Phyllosticta catimbauensis G.R. Araújo-Magalhães, J.D.P. Bezerra, A.R. Machado,
Souza-Motta & K.A. Moreira, sp. nov.
Additional material examined. Brazil, Pernambuco state, Buíque municipality, Catimbau National Park (S8°36'35" W37°14'40"), as endophyte from
M. catimbauensis, May 2015, G.R. Araújo, URM 7673, URM 7674, (ITS,
LSU, actA and tef1 sequences GenBank MF466159, MF466162, MF466156,
MF466154, and MF466161, MF466164, MF466158, MF466153, respectively.
Etymology. Name refers to the Catimbau National Park, a protected
area of the Brazilian tropical dry forest where this fungus was isolated as
endophyte from Mandevilla catimbauensis.
Classification — Phyllostictaceae, Botryosphaeriales, Dothideomycetes.
Notes — Species of Phyllosticta are reported around the
world as plant pathogenic, endophytic and saprobic (Van der
Aa & Vanev 2002). Although the majority of these species are
known as pathogens of specific plant hosts, several Phyllosticta spp. have been isolated as endophytes (Guarnaccia et
al. 2017). Based on megablast searches in GenBank, LSU
sequences of P. catimbauensis have high identity (99 %) to
Phyllosticta species (e.g., P. podocarpi; CBS 111646; GenBank
KF206323.1). On ITS sequences, P. catimbauensis is 99 %
(540/547) similar to Phyllosticta sp. (LGMF1196; GenBank
JX559614.1), amongst others. Using actA sequences, P. catimbauensis has low similarity of 91 % (198/217) to P. bifrenariae
(VIC 30556 = CBS 128855; GenBank JF343649.1). On tef1
sequences P. catimbauensis has 96 % (323/337) similarity
to Phyllosticta sp. (GZAAS6.1404; GenBank KR025445.1),
amongst others. Morphologically, P. catimbauensis is different
from P. bifrenariae in size of the pycnidia (up to 250 µm vs
160–280 μm diam in P. catimbauensis), conidiogenous cells
(7–10 × 4–5 μm vs 9.5–10.5 × 3–3.5 µm in P. catimbauensis),
conidia ((10–)11–13(–16) × (7–)8–9 μm vs (8.5–)9.5(–10.5) ×
5.5–6 µm in P. catimbauensis), appendages (6–20 × 1–1.5 μm
vs 3–6.5 × 1–1.5 µm), spermatia (5–10 × 1.5–2 μm vs 5.5–9.5
× 1.5–2) (Glienke et al. 2011). In the phylogenetic analyses,
P. catimbauensis is closely related to P. bifrenariae.
Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary or aggregated, dark brown to
black, erumpent, globose to subglobose, 160–280 µm diam,
exuding hyaline to crystalline conidia masses; wall of medium
brown thick-walled cells of textura angularis. Conidiophores
hyaline, smooth, 0–1-septate, densely aggregated, cylindrical,
reduced to conidiogenous cells, or with one supporting cell, that
can be branched at the base. Conidiogenous cells terminal, subcylindrical to ampulliform, hyaline, smooth, 9.5–10.5 × 3–3.5
µm; proliferating several times percurrently at apex. Conidia
(8.5–)9.5(–10.5) × 5.5–6 µm, solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thinand smooth-walled, granular, ellipsoid, globose, subglobose,
broadly ellipsoidal or obovoid, tapering towards a narrow truncate base, 2.5–3.5 µm diam, enclosed in a persistent mucoid
sheath, 1.5–2.5 µm thick, and bearing a hyaline, apical mucoid
appendage, 3–6.5 × 1–1.5 µm, flexible, unbranched, tapering
towards an acutely rounded tip. Spermatia aseptate, dumbbellshaped, 5.5 –9.5 × 1.5–2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies covering Petri dishes
after 2 mo at 25 °C. On PDA, colonies with irregular margins,
and sparse aerial mycelium, surface grey to dark grey and reverse olivaceous-grey to dark grey. On MEA, surface yellowish
to dark brown and reverse amber to buff. On OA surface and
reverse grey to dark grey.
Typus. Brazil, Pernambuco state, Buíque municipality, Catimbau National
Park (S8°36'35" W37°14'40"), as endophyte from Mandevilla catimbauensis
(Apocynaceae), May 2015, G.R. Araújo (holotype URM 90488, culture extype URM 7672; ITS, LSU, actA and tef1 sequences GenBank MF466160,
MF466163, MF466157 and MF466155, MycoBank MB822131).
P. citribraziliensis CBS 100098
1
P. concentrica CBS 937.70
1
P. spinarum CBS 292.90
0.75
P. citrichinaensis ZJUCC 200956
P. hypoglossi CBS 434.92
0.8
0.95
P. cussoniae CPC 14875
0.93
P. elongata CBS 126.22
1
P. aucubae-japonicae MAFF 236703
P. hostae CGMCC 3.14355
1
1
P. citriasiana CBS 120486
1
0.99
P. hymenocallidicola CBS 131309
0.77
0.6
P. citrimaxima CPC 20276
P. citricarpa CBS 127454
P. bifrenariae CBS 128855
1
1
P. catimbauensis URM 7673
P. catimbauensis URM 7672
P. catimbauensis URM 7674
1
0.73
1
sp. nov.
Bayesian inference analysis conducted with MrBayses v. 3.2.1
at CIPRES science gateway using a concatenated matrix of
actA, tef1 and ITS sequences. The new species is shown in
bold. Bayesian posterior probabilities above 0.60 are indicated
at the nodes. Phyllosticta capitalensis IMI 260.576 was used
as outgroup.
P. pseudotsugae CBS 111649
P. owaniana CBS 776.97
P. podocarpi CBS 111646
1
P. philoprina CBS 901.69
1
P. vacciniicola CPC 18590
P. vaccinii ATCC 46255
0.02
P. capitalensis IMI 260.576
Colour illustrations. Mandevilla catimbauensis in the Catimbau National
Park; conidiomata; conidiogenous cells; spermatia, and conidia. Scale bars
= 10 µm.
Gianne R. Araújo-Magalhães & Keila A. Moreira, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociência Animal,
Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; e-mail: gianne.rizzuto@gmail.com & moreirakeila@hotmail.com
Jadson D.P. Bezerra, Alexandre R. Machado & Cristina M. Souza-Motta, Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista,
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; e-mail: jadsondpb@gmail.com, alexandrerm.agro@yahoo.com.br & cristina.motta@ufpe.br
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
326
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Polycephalomyces phaothaiensis
327
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 647 – 20 December 2017
Polycephalomyces phaothaiensis Mongkols., Noisripoom, Lamlertthon &
Luangsa-ard, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the place where the species was found – Ban
Phaothai community forest, Phitsanulok Province, Thailand.
Classification — Ophiocordycipitaceae, Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes.
Stromata numerous, 0.5–2.5 mm in length and 1–1.5 mm in
breadth, cylindrical, reddish brown. Rhizoids flexuous, arising
from the head of Coleoptera larva, c. 1–3.5 cm long under the
ground. Fertile part hemispherical perithecial plates, some terminal, many subterminal, pale yellowish brown, 0.5–4 mm diam,
1–2 mm high. Perithecia ovoid with protruding apices, (900–)950 –1 067(–1 100) × (350 –)352 – 429(– 450) µm. Asci cylindrical, (300–)432–581(–700) × 3–4(–5) µm. Ascospores hyaline, filiform, cylindrical, breaking into small truncate part-spores,
(3–)3.5–5.5(–6) × 1–1.5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies developed from germinating ascospores. The ascospores germinated within 12 h on
PDA. Colonies on PDA moderately growing, c. 1 cm diam in 7 d
at 25 °C. Colonies white, cottony and with abundant mycelial
density. Synnemata forming after 21 d, solitary, unbranched,
up to 2 mm long. Conidial mass produced on subterminal part
of synnemata or covering the surface of colony. Two types of
phialides present: α-phialides consisting of verticillate branches
with phialides in whorls of 2–5. Entire phialides (7–)9–16(–22)
× 1–2 µm, with cylindrical basal portion; α-conidia fusoid to globose, 2–3 × 1.5–2 µm, in conidial masses on PDA. β-phialides
consisting of erect conidiophores either arising from aerial or
vegetative hyphae. Phialides solitary along the hyphae. Entire
phialides (12–)15–23(–25) × 2–2.5 µm, awl-shaped; β-conidia
fusiform, in chains, (3–)4–6.5(–8) × (1–)1.5–2(–2.5) µm.
cal assessment support the placement of P. phaothaiensis in
Polycephalomyces s.lat. as amended by Kepler et al. (2013). In
Thailand, P. phaothaiensis was originally identified as a species
complex of P. nipponicus based on the macroscopic feature
of producing multiple stromata with several terminal and subterminal perithecial plates. Although the gross morphology of
P. phaothaiensis resembles P. nipponicus, it differs significantly
in the sizes of the perithecia and asci. In P. phaothaiensis, perithecia and asci are longer and wider than those reported for
P. nipponicus (800–950 × 300–370 µm; 530–600 × 3.1–3.5 µm)
by Kobayasi (1941). Additionally, the results of our phylogenetic
study using ITS rDNA, LSU, tef and rpb1 sequences clearly
places P. phaothaiensis distinctly from P. nipponicus.
-/100/-
Notes — Until recently 10 species of Polycephalomyces
infecting insects have been reported and only five species
are reported as hyperparasites. Polycephalomyces species
are reported from China, Japan, Ecuador and Thailand. The
natural samples can be found buried in soil, on fallen leaves
and plant stems. Our phylogenetic analyses and morphologiColour illustrations. Type locality – a trail in Ban Phaothai community
forest (photo by W. Sangsawang); stromata; fertile part with perithecial
plates; perithecia; asci; ascus tip; part-spores; culture on PDA; α-phialides;
α-conidia; β-phialides and β-conidia. Scale bars: stromata, culture on PDA
= 10 mm, fertile part with perithecial plates = 1 mm, perithecia = 500 µm,
asci = 50 µm, ascus, part-spores = 5 µm, phialides, conidia = 10 µm.
Polycephalomyces formosus ARSEF 1424
Polycephalomyces tomentosus BL4
Polycephalomyces ramosus NBRC 100951
81/95/92
Polycephalomyces sinensis CN 80-2
78/96/70
Polycephalomyces sinensis GIMCC 3.570
Polycephalomyces lianzhouensis GIMYY 9603
66/100/83
Polycephalomyces lianzhouensis GDGM 20918
Polycephalomyces ramosopulvinatus EFCC 5566
Polycephalomyces yunnanensis YHCPY 1005
Polycephalomyces yunnanensis YHHPY 1006
Polycephalomyces agaricus YHCPA 1303
Polycephalomyces agaricus YHCPA 1305
61/-/57
Polycephalomyces onorei BRACR 23902
Polycephalomyces onorei BRACR 23903
Polycephalomyces kanzashianus
Polycephalomyces nipponicus BCC 2325
Polycephalomyces nipponicus BCC 1881
89/100/96
Polycephalomyces nipponicus BCC 18108
Polycephalomyces phaothaiensis BCC 84551
Polycephalomyces phaothaiensis BCC 84552
Polycephalomyces phaothaiensis BCC 84557
Polycephalomyces phaothaiensis BCC 84553
Perennicordyceps ryogamiensis NBRC 101751
86/-/-
Perennicordyceps ryogamiensis NBRC 103837
96/100/99
Typus. thailand, Phitsanulok Prov., Noen Maprang district, 16.734'N
100.658'E, alt. 520 m, on Coleoptera larva, buried in soil, 27 June 2017,
S. Lamlertthon (SL), S. Mongkolsamrit (SM), K. Tasanathai (KT) & W. Noisripoom (WN) (holotype BBH42883, culture ex-type BCC84553, ITS, LSU,
tef and rpb1 sequences GenBank MF959733, MF959737, MF959742 and
MF959745, MycoBank MB822770).
Additional materials examined. thailand, Phitsanulok Prov., Noen Maprang district, 16.734'N 100.658'E, alt. 520 m, on Coleoptera larvae, buried
in soil, 27 June 2017, SL, SM, KT, WN, BBH42881, BBC84551, ITS, LSU,
tef and rpb1 sequences GenBank MF959731, MF959735, MF959739 and
MF959743, BBH42882, BCC84552, ITS, LSU, tef and rpb1 sequences
GenBank MF959732, MF959736, MF959740 and MF959744; 28 June 2017,
SL, SM, KT, WN, BBH42884, BCC84557, ITS, LSU, tef and rpb1 sequences
GenBank MF959734, MF959738, MF959741 and MF959746.
Polycephalomyces ramosus NBRC 109938
70/97/77
69/97/100
Perennicordyceps cuboidea NBRC 101740
Perennicordyceps paracuboidea NBRC 101742
Perennicordyceps prolifica TNS-F-18547
100/100/98
Perennicordyceps prolifica TNS-F-18481
Ophiocordyceps longissima NBRC 108989
99/99/98
Ophiocordyceps longissima NBRC 106965
Ophiocordyceps sobolifera KEW 78842
98/100/94
Ophiocordyceps brunneipunctata OSC 128576
Ophiocordyceps rhizoidea NHJ 12522
83/100/98
86/84/66
Ophiocordyceps crinalis GDGM 17327
Ophiocordyceps sinensis EFCC 7287
99/100/96
Ophiocordyceps acicularis OSC 128580
55/100/86
Tolypocladium ophioglossoides NBRC 106331
Tolypocladium capitatum NBRC 106327
Tolypocladium japonicum OSC 110991
Cordyceps militaris OSC 93623
Cordyceps kyusyuensis EFCC 5886
50 changes
The phylogenetic tree with P. phaothaiensis was constructed
on the combined dataset comprising ITS, LSU, tef and rpb1.
The phylogenetic tree was analysed using maximum parsimony
(MP), maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference. ML
analysis was run with RAxML-VI-HPC2 v. 8.2.10 (Stamatakis
2014) under a GTR model, with 1 000 bootstrap replicates.
Bayesian phylogenetic inference was calculated with MrBayes
v. 3.0b4 (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003), with 3 M generations
and under the same model. Numbers at the significant nodes
represent MP bootstrap support values / Bayesian posterior probabilities (multiplied by 100) / ML bootstrap support values. Bold
lines in the tree represent branches with values of 99–100 %
for all three statistics.
Suchada Mongkolsamrit, Wasana Noisripoom & Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory, BIOTEC,
113 Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
e-mail: suchada@biotec.or.th, wasana.noi@biotec.or.th, jajen@biotec.or.th
Supaporn Lamlertthon, Centre of Excellence in Fungal Research, Faculty of Medical Science Naresuan University,
Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; e-mail: supapornl@nu.ac.th
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
328
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Pseudocercospora angularis
329
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 648 – 20 December 2017
Pseudocercospora angularis W.S. Lisboa, D.M. Macedo & R.W. Barreto, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after angular leaf spots.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Lesions on the leaves diamond to variously angular-shaped,
4 – 8 × 3–11 mm, coalescing and leading to leaf necrosis. Internal mycelium 1–5 μm diam, branched, septate, hyaline to
subhyaline. Stromata erumpent, pulvinate to subsphaerical,
20–40 × 25–63 μm, composed of pale to dark brown textura angularis. Conidiophores sporodochial, reduced to conidiogenous
cells, epigenous, subcylindrical, 11–40 × 1.5–4 μm, aseptate,
unbranched, pale to dark brown, smooth. Conidiogenous loci
1–2 μm diam, unthickened, not darkened. Conidia cylindrical
to subcylindrical, mostly slightly curved, occasionally straight,
20–60 × 1.5–3 μm, apex rounded, base obconically truncate to
truncate, 2–7-septate, hilum neither thickened, nor darkened,
1.5–3 μm diam, eguttulate, subhyaline, smooth.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA and MEA circular,
up to 32 mm diam after 17 d at 25 °C; flat with a raised centre
of dense velvety aerial mycelium, evenly pale olivaceous grey;
reverse olivaceous grey at the edges and dark grey; colonies
sterile.
Typus. Brazil, Minas Gerais, Viçosa, Infectarium of the Departamento
de Fitopatologia – Universidade Federal de Viçosa, on leaves of Prunus
persica (Rosaceae), 30 May 2015, W.S. Lisboa INF 68 (holotype VIC 44083,
culture ex-type COAD 2073, ITS and act sequences GenBank KX793125
and KX793124, MycoBank MB821107).
1
0,57
Notes — Pseudocercospora is the second largest genus of
cercosporoid fungi containing fungi which were originally placed
in Cercospora but have conidia which are generally pigmented
and have hila which are unthickened and not darkened. They
are often found causing leaf spots on a wide range of plant
hosts, including several crop species of economic importance
(Crous et al. 2013, Bakhshi et al. 2014, Silva et al. 2016). There
are two species of Pseudocercospora described on Prunus
persicae, namely Pseudocercospora pruni-persicicola and
P. prunicola. The former has wider and longer conidia, 20–90
× 3 – 4 μm, than P. angularis (Hsieh & Goh 1990), and the
latter has larger stromata (15–50 × 75 μm) and smaller conidiogenous cells, 5–15 × 3–4 μm (Braun & Mel’nik 1997).
DNA information (act) is available only for P. prunicola, but
P. angularis is phylogenetically clearly distinct.
A megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
of the closest ITS sequences yielded Pseudocercospora norchiensis as the closest option (GenBank EF394859; Identities
= 545/546 (99 %); Gaps = 1/546 (0 %)). For act the highest
similarity was found for P. brackenicola (GenBank KT037606;
Identities = 209/214 (98 %); no gaps). A phylogenetic tree
was constructed with the actin region (known to better explain
molecular affinities in this group of fungi) and, together with
morphological data justified the proposition of a new species
to accommodate the fungus found on Prunus persica.
Pseudocercospora acericola CBS 122279
Phylogenetic tree inferred from a Bayesian analysis based on
Pseudocercospora eustomatis CBS 110822
0,99
act sequences. The analysis was performed with 10 M generaPseudocercospora guianensis MUCC 855
1
tions in MrBayes v. 3.2.1. The Bayesian posterior probability
Pseudocercospora guianensis MUCC 879
Pseudocercospora oenotherae CPC 10290
values are indicated at the nodes. The tree was rooted to Pas0,97
Pseudocercospora oenotherae CPC 10630
salora eucalypti. The specimen representing the new species
Pseudocercospora prunicola CPC 14511
is highlighted in bold face.
0,95
Pseudocercospora weigelae MUCC 899
Pseudocercospora stephanandrae MUCC 919
Pseudocercospora subsessilis CBS 13694
Pseudocercospora pyracanthae MUCC 892
Pseudocercospora sambucigena CPC 10292
0,53
1
Pseudocercospora pseudostigmina CPC 11626
Pseudocercospora griseola CBS 119112
1
Pseudocercospora macrospora CBS 114696
1
Pseudocercospora purpurea CBS 114163
Pseudocercospora sordida MUCC 913
0,97
Pseudocercospora angularis COAD 2073
Pseudocercospora nogalesii CBS 115022
Pseudocercospora brackenicola CPC 24695
0,62
1 Pseudocercospora rubi CBS 114641
Pseudocercospora norchiensis CBS 120738
Pseudocercospora manihotii CPC 25219
1
Pseudocercospora wulffiae CPC 25232
Passalora eucalypti CBS 111318
0.04
Colour illustrations. Prunus persica plant at the Infectarium of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (Viçosa, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil) showing
leaf spot symptoms to which Pseudocercospora angularis was associated;
close-up of the angular, diamond-shaped yellow spots leading to tissue necrosis; sporodochia bearing tufts of conidia; stromata bearing conidiogenous
cells and conidia. Scale bars = 20 μm.
Willyane S. Lisboa & Robert W. Barreto, Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa,
Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; e-mail: willyane.lisboa@ufv.br & rbarreto@ufv.br
Davi M. Macedo, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Fundação da Universidade Regional de Blumenau,
Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil; e-mail: dmmesk@yahoo.com.br
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
330
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Pseudophialophora sorghi
331
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 649 – 20 December 2017
Pseudophialophora sorghi R.J.V. Oliveira, C.M. Gonç., G.A. Silva & J.L. Bezerra,
sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host plant, Sorghum bicolor, from which
this fungus was isolated as endophyte.
Classification — Magnaporthaceae, Magnaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
Hyphae hyaline, septate, branched, sometimes forming sterile
coils. Conidiophores micronematous, simple or branched,
hyaline, septate, non-constricted, cylindrical, straight to flexuous, apex attenuated, base not inflated. Conidiogenous cells
polyphialidic, hyaline, simple or branched, attenuated, 4–22 ×
3.5 μm. Chlamydospores intercalary, globose to subglobose.
Anastomosis sometimes observed between conidiogenous
cells and between conidia. Conidia aggregated in slimy heads,
oblong ellipsoidal to ellipsoidal, aseptate, hyaline, smooth,
5–8.5 × 2–3 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA growing up to
1.2 cm diam after 7 d in the dark at 25 °C, dark grey, surface
pale grey, aerial mycelia whitish to pale grey, reverse dark grey.
1.00/100
Slopeiomyces cylindrosporus CBS 611.75
Typus. Brazil, Pernambuco, Serra Talhada (S07°59'00" W38°19'16"), as
endophyte in roots of Sorghum bicolor (Poaceae), Dec. 2014, R.J.V. Oliveira
(holotype as metabolically inactive culture, URM 7423, ITS, LSU, rpb1 and
tef1 sequences GenBank KY421938, KY421941, KY421944 and KY421942,
MycoBank MB819580).
Notes — The phylogenetic analyses of the four-gene dataset (tef1, rpb1, ITS and LSU rDNA) showed that Pseudophialophora sorghi formed a distinct clade with other species of
Pseudophialophora with high support values. On ITS P. sorghi
is 96 % (456 /474) similar to P. panicorum (strain CM3m7,
GenBank KF689652) and 96 % (443/463) to P. tarda (strain
WSF14RG48-2, GenBank KP769840). The LSU sequence
is 99 % (564/568) similar to P. panicorum (strain CM3m7,
GenBank KF689642) and 99 % (566/568) to P. tarda (strain
WSF14RG48-2, GenBank KP769832). The rpb1 sequence
is 99 % (602 /608) similar to P. panicorum (strain CM9s6,
GenBank KF689621) and 99 % (603/608) to P. tarda (strain
WSF14RG48-2, GenBank KP784823). The tef1 sequence
is 99 % (884 /893) similar to P. panicorum (strain CM3m7,
GenBank KF689632) and 99 % (883/893) to P. tarda (strain
WSF14SW13-1, GenBank KP784830). In the phylogenetic
analysis P. sorghi is nearest to P. panicorum and P. tarda. However, colonies of P. sorghi are dark grey while P. tarda presents
colonies yellowish and P. panicorum presents colonies yellowgreen. Furthermore, conidia of P. sorghi (5–8.5 × 2–3 μm) are
slightly smaller than conidia of P. tarda (7.5–9.5 × 2.5–3.5 μm)
and conidia of P. panicorum (7.5–11.5 × 3.5–5 μm) (Luo et al.
2014, 2015). Anastomosis between conidiogenous cells and
between conidia of P. sorghi were sometimes observed. This
has never been reported in any species of Pseudophialophora.
Slopeiomyces cylindrosporus CBS 609.75
Pseudophialophora sorghi URM 7423
Pseudophialophora panicorum CM3m7
0.78/77
Pseudophialophora panicorum CM9s6
0.99/100
0.94/85
Pseudophialophora tarda WSF14RG48-2
1.00/100
Pseudophialophora tarda WSF14SW13-1
0.99/98
Pseudophialophora angusta WSF14RG40-1
1.00/100
Pseudophialophora dichanthii WSF14RG72-1
0.82/73
Pseudophialophora dichanthii WSF14RG82-1
0.95/89
1.00/100
Pseudophialophora magnispora CM14RG38-1
Pseudophialophora magnispora CM14RG50-1
0.95/-
0.95/1.00/100
0.96/54
1.00/99
0.1
Pseudophialophora whartonensis WSF14RG66-1
Pseudophialophora eragrostis CM20m5-2
Pseudophialophora eragrostis CM12m9
Pseudophialophora schizachyrii AL3s4
Pseudophialophora schizachyrii AL2m1
Phylogenetic tree of the Pseudophialophora constructed using
concatenated tef1, rpb1, ITS and LSU sequences. Slopeiomyces cylindrosporus (CBS 609.75 and CBS 611.75) was used
as outgroup. Support values are from Bayesian inference and
Maximum Likelihood (ML) analyses, respectively. The new
species is in bold face. Support values of at least 50 % are
shown at nodes.
Colour illustrations. Sorghum bicolor in the Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, Brazil; conidiophores; conidia, chlamydospores,
sterile coils, anastomosis between conidiogenous cells, conidia and between
hyphae. Scale bars = 20 µm.
Rafael J.V. Oliveira, Camila M. Gonçalves & Gladstone A. Silva, Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista,
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: rafaelvilela87@gmail.com, mila24melo@gmail.com & gladstonesilva@yahoo.com
José L. Bezerra, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia,
Rua Rui Barbosa, 710, 44.380-000, Centro, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil; e-mail: jlulabezerra@hotmail.com
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
332
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Pyrenopeziza velebitica
333
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 650 – 20 December 2017
Pyrenopeziza velebitica Matočec, I. Kušan, Jadan, Tkalčec & Mešić, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the mountain, Velebit, on which it was collected.
Classification — Mollisiaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Ascomata apothecial, collectively or solitary erumpent in early
stage of development, emerging from longitudinal crack of the
twig periderm, when fully expanded speciously superficial, at
first globular, then hemispherically expanding, deep cupulate
when mature, ± circular from the top view, *0.4–1.3 mm and
†
0.3–0.7 mm diam, solitary or crowded. Hymenium steel grey,
not wrinkled; margin sharp, whitish pubescent, entire, not lobed,
permanently inrolled; excipular surface hazel brown, somewhat
mealy rugulose. Hymenium *65–75 µm thick. Asci cylindricalventricose with subconical apex, *68–79 × 8.5–10.5 µm, †55–61
× 5–6.5 µm, pars sporifera *28.5–34.5 µm, 8- (rarely 4-)spored,
base cylindrical-truncate, arising from narrow repetitive croziers,
apical apparatus moderately refractive in water, in Lugol’s
solution apical ring strongly amyloid (3bb) of Calycina-type.
Ascospores subscutuliform, bilaterally symmetrical, aseptate,
*
(10–)10.5–12.5–14(–14.5) × 2.5–2.9–3(–3.5) µm, †9.5–11.5 ×
2–2.5 µm, *Q = (3–)3.5–4.3–5, †Q = 3.5–4.5, hyaline, smooth,
sporoplasm containing several small to medium sized lipid
bodies, bi- to triseriate when inside living asci, with abundant
sheath enveloping whole spores when freshly ejected. Paraphyses cylindrical-lanceolate, more rarely clavate, apical cell
*
30–66.5 × 3–5(–5.5) µm, † 20–53.5 × 3–4 µm, *containing
several subhyaline, strongly refractive globose vacuolar bodies
which readily coalesce in still living cells, wall thin and hyaline,
sometimes covered with strongly refractive golden yellow
patches. Subhymenium slightly differentiated from medullary
excipulum, *5–7 µm thick at the upper flank, of hyaline *densely
packed small ± cylindrical cells *2.5–4(–7) µm wide. Medullary
excipulum moderately gelatinised, very reduced at the upper
flank, of hyaline textura porrecta, *8–12 µm thick; considerably
thicker at the middle flank, of textura intricata-porrecta *14–23
µm thick; cells *2.5–4.5 µm wide. Ectal excipulum *52–68 µm
thick at the middle flank, differentiated into two layers: inner
layer *27–36 µm thick at the middle flank, of hyaline textura
angularis with cells *4.5–17 × 4–11 µm; outer layer *24–30 µm
thick at the middle flank, of brown textura globulosa-angularis
with cells *5–11 × 4.5–10 µm. Outermost cells on the upper
flank giving rise 1–4-celled hairs, *(12.5–)20–60 µm long, running at high angle to the excipular surface, with ± moniliform
cells *6–13.3 µm wide, wall tobacco-brownish; terminal cells
broadest, clavate-rhomboid to shortly lanceolate, *12.5–28.5 ×
8.5–13 µm, wall brown to rusty brown, covered with dark brown
thick patchy warts. Hairs on marginal rim flexuous, undulate,
smooth, hyaline and thin-walled, cylindrical to subclavate,
rapidly collapsing, *20 – 65 × 4 – 8 µm. Subiculum abundant,
hyphae arising from lower and basal flank, wavy, almost not
branched, evenly septate, with occasional short knotty lateral
protuberations, walls thickened, smooth, but darker brown
hyphae adpressed to the excipular surface and some distant
lighter coloured hyphae finely warted, hyphae mostly greyish
Colour illustrations. Croatia, Mt Velebit, alpine habitat in the Hajdučki
kukovi area, type locality; living ascospores and a dead ascospore; living
asci, crozier cell, and dead asci in IKI; living and dead paraphyses; upper
flank hairs; living ascomata; vertical median section of the excipulum. Scale
bars = 1 mm (apothecia), 10 µm (microscopic structures).
yellow to hazel brown, † 2.5–4 µm wide. Ascus amyloidity corresponds to the system given in Baral (1987). For full description
see MycoBank, under MB818668.
Distribution & Habitat — The species is known so far only
from Mt Velebit, Croatia. All three existing collections are bound
to the living branches of Lonicera borbasiana (Dipsacales), in
the alpine karstic habitat.
Typus. Croatia, Lika-Senj County, Sjeverni Velebit National Park, northern
part of Mt Velebit, Hajdučki kukovi area, 850 m E-NE from Vratarski kuk peak
(1 676 m), 1 530 m a.s.l., N44°46'05" E15°00'46"; on wounds and bark of
semidecorticated twigs of still living Lonicera borbasiana (Caprifoliaceae),
28 May 2017, N. Matočec (holotype CNF 2/10097, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MF593628 and MF593629, MycoBank MB818668).
Additional material examined. Croatia, Lika-Senj County, Sjeverni Velebit
National Park, northern part of Mt Velebit - 2 collections: Premužić trail,
1 300 m SE from Veliki Zavižan peak (1 676 m), 1 520 m a.s.l., N44°47'36"
E14°59'03", 24 June 2009, I. Kušan & N. Matočec, CNF 2/8237, and Hajdučki
kukovi area, 900 m E-NE from Vratarski kuk peak (1 676 m), 1 570 m a.s.l.,
N44°46'02" E15°00'53", 28 May 2017, N. Matočec, CNF 2/10099; both collections on semi-decorticated twigs of still living Lonicera borbasiana.
Notes — The genus Pyrenopeziza s.str. was erected by
Fuckel (1870) for blackish, cupulate and hairy apothecial
fungi with vertically striate structures on the excipular surface,
inhabiting various kinds of dead herbaceous stems, leaves and
petioles, canes, more rarely on wood and bark remnants. Approximately at the same time, in the middle of the 20th century,
several authors dealt with the boundaries and the concept of
the genus (viz. Hütter 1958, Gremmen 1958, Schüepp 1959).
Today, more than 300 names are assigned to the genus but the
modern comprehensive taxonomic analysis of the whole genus
and its allies is still lacking. The generic name Pyrenopeziza is
conserved against Cylindrosporium and Cylindrodochium (see
May 2017). Although the genus is comprised of numerous species, the new species along with the most similar Pyrenopeziza
lonicerae (Nannfeldt 1932) is easily recognizable by its robust
apothecia with permanently inrolled sharp margin and thick
excipulum consisting of continuous and thick cortex composed
of several thick-walled cell-layers, marginal hairs exceeding 50
µm in length, lacking periphyses, amyloid asci, and occurring on
woody plants (Lonicera spp.). Pyrenopeziza velebitica can be
differentiated from P. lonicerae by: 1) larger spores (†9.4–11.4
× 2–2.4 µm vs † 8–10 × 2 µm); 2) differently shaped paraphyses
(cylindrical-lanceolate to clavate, † 3–4 µm diam vs filiform, to
2 µm diam); 3) longer asci († 55–61 µm vs † 50–55 µm); and 4)
± moniliform hair-like processes. Pyrenopeziza symphoricarpi
occurs on a similar substrate (Symphoricarpos sp., Caprifoliaceae), but differs from P. velebitica and P. lonicerae in having
inamyloid asci that are 50–60 µm long (Dennis 1963). The ITS
sequence of P. velebitica was compared to DNA sequences
of diverse generic representatives from mollisioid fungi downloaded from GenBank (see phylogenetic tree in MycoBank,
under MB818668).
*
†
denotes living material.
indicates a dried specimen.
Neven Matočec, Ivana Kušan, Margita Jadan, Zdenko Tkalčec & Armin Mešić,
Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
e-mail: nmatocec@irb.hr, ikusan@irb.hr, mjadan@irb.hr, ztkalcec@irb.hr & amesic@irb.hr
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
334
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Ramaria cistophila
a
b
c
335
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 651 – 20 December 2017
Ramaria cistophila P.P. Daniëls, M.P. Martín, C. Rojo & Camello, sp. nov.
Etymology. From Greek kistos (χιστός) and philos (φίλος), referring to its
host plants affinity, which are mainly Cistus species.
Classification — Gomphaceae, Gomphales, Phallomycetidae, Agaricomycetes.
Macroscopic characteristics — Basidiomata branched, initially
obconical or obovoid, then campanulate or widely obovoid, 4–6
× 3–5.5 cm. Base glabrous, with basal branches 5–16 mm
thick, white; mycelium inconspicuous, white. Ramification polychotomous in the basal zone, otherwise, usually trichotomous,
U- and V-shaped, ramification range 3–6; branches cylindrical, initially densely grouped, then divergent; orange yellow to
orange with orange yellow spore print. Apices obtuse, short,
initially yellow, then concolorous with the branches. Context
fibrous, compact, brittle in the branches, homogeneous, concolorous with external surface; taste sour in branches, softer
through the base; flavour which reminds one of a rubber eraser.
Chemical reactions: FSW (+) bluish green in hymenophore.
Microscopic characteristics — Generative hyphae without
clamps, partially with ampulliform septa up to 15 µm diam, with
conspicuous granular ornamentation; hyphae of 4–9 µm wide
in the trama, with thin to moderately thick walls; hyphae of the
mycelium 2–4(–5) µm wide, with thin to moderately thick walls;
those of the external part sometimes with amorphous crystalline
or granular incrustations. Secretory hyphae in the trama and
in the mycelium, the former linear and 2–4 µm wide, the latter
acanthodendroid 1.5–3 µm wide. Hyphidia filiform, 2–4 µm
wide. Basidia claviform, without basal clamp, (46–)50–73(–80)
× (8.5–)9–11 µm, with 4 sterigmata. Spores oblong-elliptical,
(8.5–)9.5–11.5(–13) × 4–5(–5.5) µm (Lm = 10.9 µm; Wm = 4.7
µm; Em = 2.3); spore wall thin, yellowish with verrucose ornamentation.
Typus. Spain, Zamora, Mellanes, La Sierra, alt. 840 m, shrubland of
Cistus ladanifer, 19 Nov. 2015, C. Rojo, AH 47781 (holotype, Herbarium of
Alcalá de Henares University; isotype, MA-Fungi 90716, Herbarium of the
Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Madrid; ITS sequence GenBank MF564292,
MycoBank MB822118).
Additional materials examined. Spain, Cáceres, Aliseda, alt. 450 m, shrubland of Cistus ladanifer, 24 Jan. 2015, F. Camello, AH 47771, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MF564294 and MF564304; Cádiz, Jimena de la Frontera, Las Casillas, under Quercus suber, 29 Nov. 2014, A. Lobo, AH 47764;
Cádiz, Jimena de la Frontera, Los Gavilanes, under Quercus suber and Cistus, 29 Nov. 2014, L. Estrada, AH 47765, ITS sequence GenBank MF564293;
Zamora, Mellanes, La Sierra, alt. 840 m, shrubland of Cistus ladanifer, 2 Nov.
2015, C. Rojo, AH 47782.
Notes — Although the appearance and micromorphology
looks like a small-sized basidiome of Ramaria aurea, R. cistophila has a dark green positive reaction with FSW, it grows
in a Mediterranean climate with Cistus shrubs and Quercus
suber trees, and it has a different ITS sequence. Other quite
similar unclamped species of Ramaria are R. neoformosa and
R. fagetorum, but they have larger basidiomata and grow in
Colour illustrations. Spain, Zamora, Mellanes, shrubland of Cistus
ladanifer; a. basidiome (AH 47781); b. basidiome (AH 47771); c. spores (AH
47765). Scale bar = 2 μm.
the eurosiberian region. Ramaria magnifica (= R. sardiniensis)
differs by bearing a violet to purple hue on the base context and
has a different ITS sequence; R. dolomitica also has a violet
hue when bruised. The molecular analyses (parsimony and
maximum likelihood), based on three collections of Ramaria
cistophila, and a number of previously unpublished sequences
from our team, clearly grouped the new sequences with R. anziana (isotype) from Australia, collected under Nothofagus.
However, R. anziana has shorter spores (7–10.5 μm long according to Young 2014), and has a pinkish colour on branches.
Other closely related species is R. praecox from Europe but it
is a vernal fruiting species with a different colour pattern, being
completely yellow.
Ramaria acrisiccescens AY102857
Ramaria acrisiccescens AY102858
Ramaria cistophila, AH47765, MF564293*, Paratype
100/80
Ramaria cistophila, AH47771, MF564294*, Paratype
Ramaria cistophila, AH47781, MF564292*, Holotype
<50/66
Ramaria anziana TENN43401,
MF564295*, Isotype
Ramaria praecox, AH47730, MF564303*
Ramaria praecox, AH48383, MF564296*
Ramaria praecox, Schild 2178, MF564297*, Isotype
100/98
Ramaria praecox, AH47804, MF564298*
99/84
Ramaria praecox, MA-Fungi 48102, MF564299*
Ramaria admiratia KJ416133, Type
Ramaria subtilis, AH48020, MF564300*
100/100
Ramaria subtilis, MA-Fungi 48010, MF564301*
68/<50
100/100
Ramaria magnifica, MA-Fungi 26386, AJ408354
Ramaria magnifica, MA-Fungi 47982, AJ408355
Ramaria boreimaxima KJ464996, Type
89/68
Ramaria calvodistalis KJ416132, Type
Ramaria foetida JQ408239
100/98
Ramaria aurantiisiccescens EU837199
Ramaria aurantiisiccescens EU837198
Ramaria aurantiisiccescens JX310388
87/74
Ramaria aurantiisiccescens EU837197
Ramaria aurantiisiccescens EU644709
100/100
Ramaria sanguinea, MA-Fungi 48080, AJ408373
Ramaria rubiginosa DQ365650
Ramaria largentii, AH48019, MF564302*
Ramaria aurea MA-Fungi 48120, AJ408387
0.05 substitutions/site
The single maximum likelihood tree obtained through heuristic
search with the model GTR + I + G selected in PAUP v. 4.0b10.
Sequences of Ramaria acrisiccescens were included as outgroup. Number at nodes represent percentage of bootstrap
support from parsimony (first number) and maximum likelihood
(second number) analyses; only bootstrap support > 50 % are
indicated. The R. cistophila sequences are marked in bold. The
accession numbers from GenBank sequences are indicated
at all the terminals (* after GenBank Accession Number: new
sequences obtained in this study).
Pablo P. Daniëls, Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiologia Vegetal, Universidad de Córdoba,
14071 Córdoba, Spain; e-mail: ppdaniels@hotmail.com
María P. Martín, Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es
Carlos Rojo De Blas, IdForest. C/ Curtidores 17, 34004 Palencia, Spain; e-mail: carlosrojo84@gmail.com
Francisco Camello Rodríguez, Avda. Pozo del Paraguas 14, 06500 San Vicente de Alcántara, Badajoz, Spain; e-mail: frankamello@hotmail.com
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
336
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Peziza halophila
337
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 652 – 20 December 2017
Peziza halophila Loizides, Agnello & P. Alvarado, sp. nov.
Etymology. Halophila = ἁλόφιλη (salt-loving); from the Greek noun ἅλας =
salt, ultimately from ἅλς = sea, and the female adjective φίλη = friend, loving.
Classification — Pezizaceae, Pezizales, Pezizomycetes.
Ascomata 2–6(–8) mm diam, sessile, broadly attached to the
substrate, discoid to saucer-shaped at first, soon pulvinate and
usually undulating; margin poorly delineated, usually undifferentiated. Hymenium glabrous to somewhat furrowed at maturity,
dark violet-purple, sepia-brown or purple-brown, drying black.
Outer surface concolorous or slightly paler than the hymenium.
Context thin and brittle, purple-brown to sepia-brown, with
a strong spermatic odour. Ascospores (15 –)16 –17.5(–18)
× (9.5 –)10 –11.5(–12) μm (Me = 16.6 × 11.1; Q = 1.3 –1.6;
Qm = 1.49), broadly ellipsoid, biguttulate, thick-walled, hyaline
and smooth when immature, developing fine, isolated low warts
at full maturity. Asci 250–350 × 12–15 μm, cylindrical, 8-spored,
uniseriate, thick-walled, with a tapering aporhynchous base.
Amyloidity intense on the apical arc and linearly fading 10–30
μm downwards. Paraphyses subcylindrical, 4–5 μm wide, occasionally bifurcate, fasciculate, with dissolved ochraceous to
pale brown or golden-brown pigment, indistinctly septate and
frequently exceeding the length of the asci; apices capitate,
subcapitate, or clavate, usually bent and enlarged to 7–10 μm
wide, filled with dark brown to purple-brown refractive granulose or vacuolar content, becoming red-brown to purple-red
in Melzer’s reagent. Subhymenium gelatinised, composed of
chains of subangular to shortly elongated cells (textura angularis /prismatica). Medullar excipulum poorly differentiated,
gelatinised; upper layer mostly composed of elongated cells
< 50 μm across, lower layer mostly composed of spherical
cells 15–45 μm across. Ectal excipulum a textura intricata of
interwoven, occasionally branching, septate, thick-walled hyphae < 8 μm wide, with scattered or locally fasciculate hair-like
terminal elements, projecting 100 –200(–400) μm.
Habit, Habitat & Distribution — Halophytic, fruiting in large
troops between January and February on flooded coastal sands
and salt marshes, often in close proximity to the shore. So far
only known from the island of Cyprus.
Typus. CypruS, Akrotiri Lemesou, on embryonic coastal dunes, 21 Jan.
2017, M. Loizides (holotype in Venice Herbarium: MCVE 29341, LSU sequence GenBank MG262327, MycoBank MB823270).
Additional material examined. CypruS, Lady’s Mile, on embryonic coastal
dunes, 18 Jan. 2012, M. Loizides, ML21181P1; ibid., 26 Jan. 2017, M. Loizides,
ML71162P1 (ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG262328 and MG262325);
Akrotiri Lemesou, on salt marshes, 21 Jan. 2017, M. Loizides, ML71162P2
(LSU sequence GenBank MG262326).
Colour illustrations. Holotype collection area at Akrotiri coast, Cyprus.
Inserts: Top: ascocarps in situ, scale bar = 10 mm; bottom (left to right):
asci and paraphyses in water, scale bar = 20 μm; asci and paraphyses in
Melzer’s reagent, scale bar = 20 μm; spores in water (top) and in Cotton
Blue (bottom), scale bars = 10 μm; ascus in Congo Red, scale bar = 50 μm;
ectal excipulum and hyphoid terminal elements in Congo Red, scale bar =
200 μm (from holotype collection).
Notes — Phylogenetic studies, based on LSU, ITS, rpb2
and β-tubulin rDNA regions, have shown the genus Peziza to
be polyphyletic (Norman & Egger 1996, 1999, Hansen et al.
2001, 2002, 2005, Tedersoo et al. 2006, Hansen & Pfister 2006).
Pfister et al. (2016), recently adopted a narrow taxonomical
concept, placing several taxa previously included in Peziza s.lat.
in the genera Adelphella, Galactinia, Lepidotia and Pachyella.
Our collections from Cyprus nest within the core clade of Peziza,
related to the type species P. vesiculosa, and are especially
close to P. proteana and P. exogelatinosa.
Interestingly, P. halophila exhibits transitional morphological features between Peziza and Pachyella. Species within
Peziza s.str. share an intense amyloid reaction of the ascus
apex (Hansen et al. 2001, 2002, Vizzini et al. 2016) and this
feature is prominent in P. halophila. The broadly attached,
pulvinate apothecia on the other hand, along with the presence of gelatinous tissue and absence of croziers, have been
traditionally viewed as pachyelloid characters and have been
used in the past to discriminate between the two genera (Le
Gal 1963, Pfister 1973). The presence of a filamentous outer
layer terminating in long hyphoid hairs has also been associated with Pachyella, but in the latter it is typically embedded in
a gelatinous matrix, whereas in P. halophila gelatinous tissue
is mostly confined to the middle layers. The dextrinoid content
of the paraphyses is an unusual feature, which, together with
the minute apothecia and halophytic ecology, make P. halophila
unique within the genus.
Based on publicly available sequences, P. proteana is the closest relative of P. halophila (97 % LSU sequence similarity), but
differs dramatically in its typical form, producing much larger,
pale brown ascomata with lilac tinges and has much smaller,
coarsely warted spores. Peziza exogelatinosa, described from
calcareous woodlands in Denmark, is also genetically similar
(96 % LSU sequence similarity) and shares with P. halophila
a violet-brown to violet-black hymenium as well as similarlysized, minutely warted biguttulate spores measuring 16.3–18.8
× 8.8 –10 µm (Hansen et al. 1998). This species, however,
produces considerably larger and often cupulate ascomata
< 35 mm across, has asci with a pleurorhynchous base and
a gelatinised ectal excipulum of globose cells (textura globulosa). Peziza lobulata and P. subviolacea (96 % and 94 %
LSU sequence similarity, respectively) also have violet-purple
hymenia, but are predominantly carbonicolous and produce
larger cupulate ascomata 20 – 30 mm across, with smaller
spores measuring 11–15 × 6–8 µm (Svrček 1976, 1977). The
recently described Peziza simplex (Dougoud & Moyne 2012, no
sequence available) could also be compared with P. halophila,
since it produces small pulvinate ascomata 2–5(–6) mm across
with occasional violet tinges and has asci lacking croziers. It
differs in its smooth, non-verrucose spores, an ectal excipulum
of globose/angular cells (textura globulosa /angularis) and a
non-halophytic ecology.
Michael Loizides, P.O. Box 58499, 3734 Limassol, Cyprus; e-mail: michael.loizides@yahoo.com
Carlo Agnello, Via A. Gramsci 11, 72023 Mesagne (BR), Italy; e-mail: agnellocarlo@libero.it
Pablo Alvarado, Av. Bruselas 2 3B, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; e-mail: pablo.alvarado@gmail.com
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
338
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Spumula piptadeniae
339
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 653 – 20 December 2017
Spumula piptadeniae A.A. Carvalho, Colmán & R.W. Barreto, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the host, Piptadenia.
Classification — Raveneliaceae, Pucciniales, Pucciniomycetes.
Spermogonia and aecia unknown. Uredinia hypophylous, subepidermal, pale cinnamon brown, scattered, c. 1 mm diam.
Urediniospores 21–25 × 16–19 µm, mostly obovoid to ellipsoid,
wall cinnamon-brown, 0.80–1.30 µm thick laterally and apically, echinulate, pores 3–4(–5), bizonate or equatorial. Telia
hypophylous, subepidermal in origin, becoming erumpent;
paraphyses mostly peripheral, numerous, approximately
8–12 µm wide and up to 70 µm long, 1–2-septate, cylindrical
incurved, wall often unilaterally or bilaterally thickened, 2–5 µm,
hyaline; teliospores globoid when viewed from above or below
(61–)65–75(–84) µm diam, very widely ovoid when viewed
laterally, chestnut-brown, 12–18 probasidial cells across, each
cell 15–31 µm, cells in one or rarely two layers, 6–8 central
cells, 15–23 µm diam; tubercles conical, 6–10 µm long, 3–5.5
µm wide at base, (1–)2–6 per cell, cysts pendent, globoid, 2–5
but mostly 5, hyaline, pedicel unihyphal, hyaline.
Notes — All members of Ravenelia have two or multiplestalked teliospore pedicels, whereas members of Spumula,
including Spumula piptadeniae, have teliospores supported
by single-stalked pedicels. Spumula piptadeniae differs from
other species with conical ornamentations (such as S. debile,
Ravenelia theiseniana and R. minuta) by the following characteristics: S. debile and R. palenquensis are microcyclic and
do not produce urediniospores as in S. piptadeniae. Teliospore
heads are smaller (33–45 µm) in R. minuta and bear conical
ornaments that are smaller (3 µm) than those observed on
S. piptadeniae. Ravenelia minuta also has smaller numbers
of probasidial cells (3–5) and its paraphyses are 3–4-septate.
Other Ravenelia species reported on Piptadenia are markedly
different from S. piptadeniae, R. henningsiana, R. simplex
and R. theisseniana, as besides having teliospores with two
to multiple-stalked teliospores, they have teliospores bearing
other kinds of ornamentations. Ravenelia henningsiana has
smooth teliospores, R. simplex has narrowly rounded cones or
papillae, and R. theisseniana has teliospores with tuberculate
and bifurcate or knobbed ornaments.
Typus. Brazil, state of Rio de Janeiro, Guapimirim, roadside of BR 116, on
Piptadenia paniculata, Aug. 2014, R.W. Barreto 1929 (holotype VIC 42673,
isotype RB, MycoBank MB822390).
Colour illustrations. Piptadenia panicuata growing at Guapimirim, Rio de
Janeiro State, Brazil; symptoms and signs caused by Spumula piptadeniae
on the leaves of Piptadenia paniculata; urediniospores obovoid to ellipsoid;
urediniospores echinulate and with germ pores (whitish spots); teliospores
with conical tubercles and globoid cysts; teliospores with one-stalked pedicels; paraphyses; teliospores in Scanning Electron Microscopy. Scale bars
= 20 µm, 20 µm, 20 µm, 10 µm, 10 µm, 40 µm.
Anibal A. de Carvalho Júnior, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro,
Pacheco Leão 915, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; e-mail: anibal@jbrj.gov.br
Adans Agustin Colmán & Robert W. Barreto, Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa,
36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil; e-mail: adan-colman@hotmail.com & rbarreto@ufv.br
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
340
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Talaromyces musae
341
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 654 – 20 December 2017
Talaromyces musae Houbraken, Kraak & M. Meijer, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Musa (banana), the original substrate of the
ex-type strain.
Classification — Trichocomaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Notes — Maximum Likelihood analysis based on partial
β-tubulin (BenA) sequences revealed that Talaromyces musae
belongs to section Islandici. The species is phylogenetically
unique and has a basal position to the majority of species
belonging to this section. Talaromyces musae grows, like the
other members of this section, restrictedly on agar media such
as CYA (12–16 mm). However, most species of this section
produce yellow mycelium and this feature is not observed in
this species. Talaromyces musae is unique in predominantly
producing terverticillate conidiophores and smooth-walled,
ellipsoid or barrel-shaped conidia that often have connectives
on both sides (Yilmaz et al. 2014, 2016).
Talaromyces rotundus KJ865730 CBS 369.48
90
Talaromyces tratensis KF984559 CBS 113146
99
Talaromyces yelensis KJ775210 DTO 268-E5
Talaromyces scorteus KF984565 NRRL 1129
72
Talaromyces tardifaciens KF984560 CBS 250.94
Talaromyces acaricola JX091610 CBS 137386
Talaromyces infraolivaceus JX091615 CBS 137385
99
Talaromyces atricola KF984566 CBS 255.31
Talaromyces neorugulosus KU866846 DTO 318-A8
81
87
93
CYA, 25 °C: Colonies slightly flat, non-sulcate; colony texture
granular in centre, velvety towards edges; sporulation moderate
to good; conidia grey in centre, greyish green towards edges;
mycelium white; exudate absent; soluble pigment absent after
7 d, present after 14 d, brown; margin entire; reverse pale
brown. YES, 25 °C: Colonies slightly raised in centre, nonsulcate; colony texture velvety; sporulation poor; mycelium
white in centre, pale brown at the margin; exudate present,
small pale brown; soluble pigments absent after 7 d, present
after 14 d, terracotta; margin undulate; reverse brown. MEA,
25 °C: Colonies flat, concentrically and radially sulcate; colony
texture granular; sporulation good; conidia yellow-green; mycelium white; exudate absent; soluble pigments absent; margin
entire; reverse dark brown in centre, brown at margin.
Typus. germany, Hamburg (imported), from tip of banana, 2017, coll. A. Hesselink, isol. M. Meijer & B. Kraak (holotype CBS H-23138, culture ex-type
CBS 142504 = DTO 366-C5, ITS, BenA, CaM and rpb2 sequences GenBank
MF072316, MF093729, MF093728 and MF093727, MycoBank MB821051).
Talaromyces crassus JX091608 CBS 137381
96
Conidiophores 50–150 µm long, predominantly terverticillate,
occasionally biverticillate, branches adpressed, 12 – 30 µm
long, stipes 2–2.5 µm wide, smooth-walled, non-vesiculate.
Metulae cylindrical, 2–5, (8–)9–12(–14) × 1.5–2.5 µm. Phialides acerose, 3–6(–8) per metula, 9–11 × 2–2.5 µm. Conidia
in long, distorted chains, smooth-walled, ellipsoid or barrelshaped, often with connectives on both sides, 3–3.5 × 1.5–2
µm. Ascomata not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colony diam, 7 d, in mm: CYA
12–16; CYA 30 °C 9–14; CYA 37 °C no growth; CYAS 2–5;
MEA 25 – 30; MEA 30 °C 27– 31; OA 25 – 30; DG18 19 – 24;
YES 12–16; creatine agar 4–8, poor growth, acid production
absent.
Talaromyces rugulosus KF984575 CBS 371.48
Talaromyces brunneus KJ865722 CBS 227.60
88
Talaromyces islandicus KF984655 CBS 338.48
90
Talaromyces loliensis KF984658 CBS 643.80
Talaromyces allahabadensis KF984614 CBS 453.93
100
88
Talaromyces radicus KF984599 CBS 100489
Talaromyces wortmannii KF984648 CBS 391.48
94
Talaromyces subaurantiacus JX091609 CBS 137383
94
Talaromyces cerinus KU866845 DTO 318-A2
79
Talaromyces chlamydosporus KU866836 DTO 317-D5
Talaromyces musae MF093729 CBS 142504
99
0.05
Talaromyces columbinus KF196843 NRRL 58811
Talaromyces piceus KF984668 CBS 361.48
Talaromyces subinflatus KJ865737 CBS 649.95
The BenA phylogenetic tree was inferred using the Maximum
Likelihood method based on the Kimura 2-parameter model in
MEGA v. 6.06. Bootstrap support values are indicated at the
nodes (1 000 bootstraps); all values below 70 % are deleted.
The scale bar indicates the expected number of changes per
site.
Colour illustrations. Bananas; from top-left to bottom-right (7-d-old colonies), CYA, obverse; YES, obverse; MEA, obverse; OA, obverse; conidiophores; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Jos Houbraken, Bart Kraak, Martin Meijer, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute,
Department of Applied and Industrial Mycology,
P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: j.houbraken@westerdijkinstitute.nl, b.kraak@westerdijkinstitute.nl & m.meijer@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
342
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Volvariella morozovae
343
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 655 – 20 December 2017
Volvariella morozovae E.F. Malysheva & A.V. Alexandrova, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the Russian mycologist, Dr Olga Morozova,
known as an exceptional specialist in Entolomataceae taxonomy, and an
experienced researcher of the mycobiota of Vietnam.
Classification — Pluteaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiocarps medium-sized. Pileus 30 –40 mm, broadly campanulate, later expanded, without umbo; non-hygrophanous;
not viscid; sandy brown, cinereous, pale brownish grey, darker
at centre – grey-brown or dirty brown, towards margin paler
to beige or whitish; radially silky fibrillose to hairy with some
short hairs ascending, with slightly serrulated margin fringed
with fluffy fibrils. Lamellae crowded to fairly distant, free, hardly
ventricose, initially whitish then pink to brownish pink, with concolorous entire edge. Stipe 35–50 × 3–4 mm, cylindrical, not or
somewhat broadening towards base, up to 6–7 mm, white or
with light ochraceous or buff shades; entirely minutely pubescent. Volva thin, membranous, saccate, sordid grey-brown to
olivaceous brown with rusty brown spots, irregularly lobed, with
felted to woolly outer surface. Context white. Smell and taste
indistinct. Basidiospores 5 –6.2 × 3.3 –4.3 µm, Q = 1.30 –1.65,
Q* = 1.46, elongate-ellipsoid to lacrymoid, some rather ovoid,
hyaline in KOH, thick-walled. Basidia 13.5 –20 × 7– 8.5 µm,
4-spored, broadly clavate with a medial constriction at maturity.
Cheilocystidia 40–55 × 13–18 µm, variable in shape, mainly
ventricose-lageniform, broadly fusiform, sometimes with apical
excrescences or subglobose apex, some proportion utriform,
thin- or slightly thick-walled. Pleurocystidia rare, 45–50 × 18–30
µm, utriform or broadly clavate, slightly thick-walled. Pileipellis
a cutis, made up of short-celled, slightly thick-walled hyphae,
20 –35 µm wide, with intracellular grey-brown pigment; transforming into a trichoderm at centre of pileus, with cylindrical,
fusiform or sublageniform terminal elements more than 100 µm
long. Stipitipellis a cutis, made up of long, cylindrical, hyaline hyphae, 10 –12 µm wide; hairs of stipe cylindrical, up to 150–200
µm long. Clamp connections absent in all parts examined.
Habitat & Distribution — Solitary, on wood in tropical lowmountainous, polydominant, constantly moist forests. So far
only known from the type locality.
Notes — Volvariella morozovae is characterised by its medium-sized and slender basidiocarps with pale brownish grey
and hairy pilei, olivaceous brown or rusty brown felted volva,
small (5 – 6.2 × 3.3 – 4.3 µm) elongate-ellipsoid to lacrymoid
basidiospores.
There are several fairly well-known species with small or medium-sized basidiocarps, grey or brown pilei and coloured volva,
among them Volvariella cinerascens, V. fuscidula, V. murinella,
V. nigrodisca and V. taylorii. The studied Vietnamese collection
does not agree in all aspects with the description of any of these
species (MycoBank supplementary data).
The result of megablast search of GenBank database using the
ITS (625 bp) sequence of V. morozovae showed Volvariella sp.
from India (GenBank KR349630), V. taylorii from Italy (GenBank LN877891) and V. nullicystidiata from Brazil (GenBank
EU920671) as the closest hits, but with extremely low indexes
of similarity: 87 %, 85 % and 84 %, respectively.
Typus. Vietnam, Gia Lai Province, Mang Yang districts, A Yun commune,
A Yun village, Kon Ka Kinh National Park, path along the river, on wood of
unknown tree, 14 May 2016, O. Morozova (holotype LE 313229, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MF377507 and MF377508, MycoBank MB821859).
Colour illustrations. Vietnam, Kon Ka Kinh National Park; basidiocarp;
cheilocystidia; pleurocystidia; basidiospores (all from holotype). Scale bars
= 1 cm (basidiocarp), 10 µm (microscopic structures).
Ekaterina F. Malysheva, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Prof. Popov Str. 2, RUS-197376, St. Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: e_malysheva@binran.ru
Alina V. Alexandrova, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 12, 119234, Moscow, Russia /
Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, South Branch, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam;
e-mail: alina-alex2011@yandex.ru
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
344
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Setophaeosphaeria citri
345
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 656 – 20 December 2017
Setophaeosphaeria citri Guarnaccia & Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Citrus, the plant genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Ascomata not observed. Conidiomata immersed (on PDA and
OA) to erumpent (on PNA), pycnidial, brown, globose, erumpent, with central, round to ellipsoid ostiole, to 250 μm diam;
wall of 6–8 layers of pale brown textura angularis. Setae brown,
unbranched, flexuous, septate, covering conidiomata, smooth,
with obtuse to rounded ends, to 150 μm long, 2–2.5 μm wide.
Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous
cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform, 3–7
× 3–4 μm. Conidia solitary, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical with obtuse ends, straight or gently curved,
3.5–5 × 2–3 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies covering the entire plate
after 4 wk at 22 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and embedded conidiomata, surface
folded, lobed, surface smoke-grey to dark grey. Reverse olivaceous grey on MEA and PDA, dark grey to black on OA.
Typus. italy, Massafra, Taranto, Apulia, on twigs of Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae), 9 June 2015, V. Guarnaccia (holotype CBS H-23240, culture ex-type
CPC 27148 = CBS 143355; ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG263524
and MG263525, MycoBank MB823316).
are pale brown, fusoid to ellipsoid, with mucoid caps at each
end, guttulate and septate. Conidiomata develop readily in culture and are pycnidial, brown, globose, producing hyaline, subcylindrical, guttulate, aseptate conidia. Setophaeosphaeria citri
is phylogenetically distinct from S. badalingensis, S. hemerocallidis and S. setosa, and also has smaller conidia than
those observed in S. badalingensis, (5–)6(–7) × (2.5–)3 μm.
Moreover, S. citri forms only conidiomata whilst S. hemerocallidis produces ascomata with ascospores and also presents
larger conidia, (11–)13–16(–19) × (3–)3.5(–4) μm (Crous et al.
2014a). No Setophaeosphaeria species are known from Citrus.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence are S. hemerocallidis (GenBank KJ869161; Identities = 387/407 (95 %), Gaps
= 1/407 (0 %)), S. badalingensis (GenBank KJ869162; Identities = 443/489 (91 %), Gaps = 13/489 (2 %)) and Coniothyrium sidae (GenBank KF251149; Identities = 439/483 (91 %),
Gaps = 18 /483 (3 %)). Based on a megablast search of NCBIs
GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the LSU
sequence are S. badalingensis (GenBank KJ869219; Identities
= 783/ 786 (99 %), Gaps = 0/ 786 (0 %)), Coniothyrium sidae
(GenBank KF251653; Identities = 782 / 786 (99 %), Gaps =
0/ 786 (0 %)) and Pyrenochaeta acaciae (GenBank KX228316;
Identities = 776/ 786 (99 %), Gaps = 0/ 786 (0 %)).
Notes — The genus Setophaeosphaeria was recently described including two species, S. hemerocallidis and S. badalingensis. Another species previously known as Phaeosphaeria
setosa was also included (Crous et al. 2014a). When present,
ascomata are pseudothecial, immersed on leaves and stems,
producing ellipsoid, bitunicate, 8-spored asci. The ascospores
Dothistroma pini CBS 116484
Setophoma terrestris CBS 335.29
Neosetophoma samarorum CBS 138.96
Phoma herbarum CBS 615.75
100
Setophaeosphaeria citri CBS 143355
Setophaeosphaeria badalingensis CBS 138007
100
77
Coniothyrium sidae CBS 135108
87
94
Setophaeosphaeria hemerocallidis CBS 138006
92
Xenobotryosphaeria calamagrostidis CBS 303.71
Pyrenochaeta acaciae CBS 141291
The first of two equally most parsimonious trees of ITS sequences obtained from a heuristic search. The analysis was
conducted with PAUP* v. 4.0b10 with 100 random taxon additions and 1 000 bootstrap replicates. Bootstrap support values
are shown at the nodes. The novel species described here is
shown in bold face and the scale bar represents the number
of changes. The tree was rooted to Dothistroma pini (GenBank
JX901736).
96
100 Pyrenochaeta protearum CBS 131315
77 Pyrenochaeta pinicola CBS 137997
Leptosphaeria rubefaciens CBS 387.80
66
82
20.0
Coniothyrium palmarum CBS 400.71
Coniothyrium carteri CBS 105.91
Coniothyrium glycines CBS 124141
Colour illustrations. Young plantation of Citrus reticulata; colony on PDA,
conidiomata sporulating on PNA, setae, conidiogenous cells and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 μm.
Pedro W. Crous, Johannes Z. Groenewald & Vladimiro Guarnaccia, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute,
P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl, e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl & v.guarnaccia@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
346
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Lactiluus ceraceus
347
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 657 – 20 December 2017
Lactifluus ceraceus Delgat & M. Roy, sp. nov.
Etymology. Refers to the waxy surface of the cap.
Classification — Russulaceae, Russulales, Agaricomycetes.
Pileus 64–98 mm diam, infundibuliform to deeply infundibuliform; margin straight to slightly inflexed, slightly sulcate; surface
smooth, glabrous, waxy but not viscose, orange (+/- 4B7 to
5B7). Stipe 83–112 × 18–26 mm, cylindrical; surface smooth,
yellow-orange, with a slight greenish tinge (4A5 to 4C5), slightly
paler at the top. Lamellae decurrent, very broad, thick, brittle,
transvenose and slightly intervenose, distant, paler than pileus
and stipe, cream yellow (2A3); edge concolorous and entire.
Context yellowish white, unchanging when cut, very slowly
changing to very light blue-green with gaiac, changing to orange-red with FeSO4. Smell weak, pleasant. Taste fruity. Latex
absent. Basidiospores broadly ellipsoid, 5.4–6.4–6.9 –8.1 ×
4.4– 5.2 –5.5–6.2 µm (Q = 1.12–1.23 –1.25 –1.35); ornamentation amyloid, composed of broad irregular warts and ridges,
forming an incomplete reticulum, with some isolated warts;
plage distinct and inamyloid. Basidia 43 – 68 × 7.5 –10 µm,
subclavate, 4-spored. Pleurocystidia abundant, 49–92 × 5–9
µm, cylindrical to subclavate, with an obtuse, mucronate, slightly
rostrate or moniliform apex, slightly thick-walled. Pseudocystidia
absent. Lamellar edge fertile. Hymenophoral trama cellular,
with large sphaerocytes and very few lactifers. Pileipellis a
lampropalisade; elements of the suprapellis 8–42 × 3.5–6 µm,
cylindrical to utriform, thick-walled, some septate; subpellis
composed of slightly thick-walled globose/isodiametric cells.
Distribution — So far only known from French Guiana. Occurring in primary terra-firme forests.
Notes — Lactifluus ceraceus belongs to L. subg. Pseudogymnocarpi, which is supported by molecular data (ITS
phylogeny: MycoBank supplementary data), as well as by
morphological characters, such as the lampropalisade structure
of the pileipellis and the yellow /orange cap colour. Lactifluus
ceraceus is part of L. sect. Polysphaerophori, a section which
contains exclusively Neotropical species. This placement is
based on molecular data, since this section has not yet been
clearly characterized morphologically.
Lactifluus ceraceus morphologically closely resembles Lactarius amazonensis*. However, Lactarius amazonensis has
larger spores (8.5–11 × 7–8.5 µm) and its macrocystidia have
a more fusoid shape compared to the cylindrical or subclavate
shape of the macrocystidia of L. ceraceus. Lactifluus ceraceus
is also morphologically similar to Lactarius brasiliensis*. But the
spores of Lactarius brasiliensis are larger (7.5–11 × 7–8 µm)
and subglobose. Furthermore, Lactarius brasiliensis differs by
having numerous and conspicuous laticiferous hyphae.
* these two species are yet to be recombined in Lactifluus.
Typus. FrenCh guiana, Reserve Naturelle La Trinité, terra-firme forest,
slope, on the trail from Camp Aya to the inselberg de la Roche Bénitier,
N4°37'09" W53°24'33", 15 Apr. 2016, L. Delgat (holotype LD16-005 (GENT),
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank KY884995 and MG253925, MycoBank
MB820812).
Additional material examined. FrenCh guiana, Regina, Nouragues station,
terra-firme forest, plateau, 6 July 2013, M. Roy, PC0713390 (PC), ITS and
LSU sequences GenBank KY884996 and KJ786583.
Colour illustrations. Tropical rainforest in Reserve Naturelle La Trinité
near Camp Aya; basidiocarps, cystidia, basidia and pileipellis. Scale bars =
10 µm.
Lactifluus ceraceus. Basidiospores; pileipellis hairs; macrocystidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Lynn Delgat & Annemieke Verbeken, Department of Biology, Ghent University,
Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, Belgium; e-mail: lynn.delgat@ugent.be
Mélanie Roy, Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Université Paul, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex, France
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
348
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Paraopeba scheflerae
349
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 658 – 20 December 2017
Paraopeba V.P. Abreu, A.A.M. Gomes, Firmino & O.L. Pereira, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the city of Paraopeba, state of Minas Gerais,
Brazil, where the fungus was first found.
Classification — Asterinaceae, Asterinales, Dothideomycetes.
Leaf spots epiphyllous, circular to irregular, single to confluent,
brown. Hyphae straight to slightly flexuous, brown, septate,
smooth. Appressoria numerous, entire, globose to cylindrical,
alternate to unilateral, unicellular, brown, penetration peg central on the appressorial cell. Conidiogenous cells schizolytic,
cylindrical to elliptical, light brown to brown, smooth. Conidia
cylindrical, multicellular, brown, smooth, rounded ends, septate.
Sexual morph unknown.
Type species. Paraopeba schefflerae V.P. Abreu, A.A.M. Gomes, Firmino
& O.L. Pereira.
MycoBank MB821209.
Paraopeba scheflerae V.P. Abreu, A.A.M. Gomes, Firmino & O.L. Pereira, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after its host genus, Schefflera.
Leaf spots epiphyllous, circular to irregular, single to confluent,
brown, 2 – 8 mm diam. Hyphae straight to slightly flexuous,
brown, septate, 1.5–3.5 μm diam, smooth. Appressoria numerous, entire, globose to cylindrical, alternate to unilateral,
unicellular, 3–6 × 4.5–6.5 μm, brown, penetration peg central
on the appressorial cell. Conidiogenous cells schizolytic, cylindrical to elliptical, 4.5–10 × 3.5–6.5 μm, pale brown to brown,
smooth. Conidia cylindrical, multicellular (3–14 cells), brown,
smooth, rounded ends, 18 – 85 × 4.5 –7 μm, 2 –13-septate.
Sexual morph unknown.
Culture characteristics — The colony grows slowly on malt
extract agar, reaching 7 mm diam after 40 d at 25 °C with a
photoperiod of 12 h; margins irregular, with aerial mycelium
sparse, black, colonies fertile.
Typus. Brazil, Minas Gerais, Paraopeba, Floresta Nacional de Paraopeba
(FLONA-Paraopeba), on leaves of Schefflera morototoni (Araliaceae), 30
Jan. 2016, V.P. Abreu & O.L. Pereira (holotype VIC 44232, culture ex-type
COAD 2249; ITS and LSU sequences GenBank KY952164 and KY952165,
MycoBank MB821409).
Notes — The order Asterinales is characterised by epiphytic
fungi, biotrophic parasites, with superficial non-ostiolate ascomata, opening irregularly at maturity; surface mycelium and
haustoria are present in several genera (Bezerra 2004). The
Asterinales is composed by two families, Asterinaceae and
Parmulariaceae (Guatimosim et al. 2015, Giraldo et al. 2017).
Members of Asterinaceae are characterised by producing black
colonies consisting of a brown mycelium on the leaf surface
(Guatimosim et al. 2015). Asexual morphs (hyphomycetous
and coelomycetous) have been observed in some Asterinaceae (Summerell et al. 2006, Hongsanan et al. 2016). The
conidia of Paraopeba schefflerae are formed in schizolytic
conidiogenous cells while conidia of Alysidiella, Blastacervulus
and Asterostomula are formed in sporodochial, acervular and
pycnothyrial conidiomata, respectively (Summerell et al. 2006,
Giraldo et al. 2017). Additionally, the appressorial cells are present in Paraopeba, but have not been observed in Alysidiella,
Blastacervulus and Asterostomula (Summerell et al. 2006, Giraldo et al. 2017). Bayesian inference analysis (alignment and
tree were deposited into TreeBASE under accession number
S21280) suggests that Paraopeba schefflerae is related to
members of Asterinaceae, and represents a different genus
Colour illustrations. Leaves of Schefflera morototoni in Floresta Nacional
de Paraopeba, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil; conidia formed on superficial
mycelium; thick-walled pigmented conidium; conidium being formed in the
conidiogenous cell; colony on MEA after 40 d at 25 °C. Scale bar = 20 µm.
in this family. Paraopeba schefflerae is phylogenetically close
but clearly distinct from Prillieuxina baccharidincola. Phylogenetic analysis and morphological comparisons support the
introduction of Paraopeba as a new genus of Asterinaceae and
Paraopeba schefflerae as the type species of this genus. To
our knowledge this is the first Asterinaceae member described
colonising Schefflera morototoni leaves. In addition, Paraopeba
schefflerae is a rare case of Asterinaceae known from culture
(ex-type COAD 2249).
ITS. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence
are Alysidiella parasitica (GenBank NR_132811; Identities =
457/513 (89 %), Gaps = 9/513 (1 %)), Alysidiella suttonii (GenBank HM628774; Identities = 460/517 (89 %), Gaps = 11/517
(2 %)) and Blastacervulus eucalypti (GenBank GQ303271;
Identities = 460/517 (89 %), Gaps = 11/517 (2 %)).
LSU. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide database, the closest hits using the LSU sequence
are Prillieuxina baccharidincola (GenBank KP143735; Identities
= 742/ 755 (98 %), Gaps = 2 /755 (0 %)), Asterina melastomatis
(GenBank KP143739; Identities = 722 / 757 (95 %), Gaps =
4/757 (0 %)) and Asterina chrysophylli (GenBank KP143738;
Identities = 717/ 755 (95 %), Gaps = 2/ 755 (0 %)).
0.88 0.99
Alysidiella suttonii CBS 124780
Alysidiella kleinziense CBS 120138
Blastacervulus eucalypti CBS 124759
0.61
Aulographina eucalypti CPC 12986
0.99
Alysidiella parasitica CBS 120088
1
0.77
Alysidiella eucalypti CBS 120122
1
1
Batistinula gallesiae KM111255
Batistinula gallesiae VIC 42514
1
1
Prillieuxina baccharidincola VIC 42817
Paraopeba schefflerae COAD 2249
Asterina chrysophylli VIC 42823
1
0.96
1
Asterina melastomatis VIC 42822
Lembosia abaxialis VIC 42825
Parmularia styracis VIC 42450
1
0.01
Parmularia styracis VIC 42447
Parmularia styracis VIC 42587
Venturia inaequalis CBS 176.42
Phylogenetic tree inferred from Bayesian analysis based on
LSU sequences. The analysis was performed with 10 M generations in MrBayes v. 3.2.6. The Bayesian posterior probability values are indicated at the nodes. The tree was rooted to Venturia
inaequalis CBS 176.42. The new species is highlighted in bold.
Vanessa P. Abreu, André A.M. Gomes & Olinto L. Pereira, Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa,
36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; e-mail: vanessa.abreu@ufv.br, andreangelomg@gmail.com & oliparini@ufv.br
André L. Firmino, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; e-mail: andrefirmino@ufu.br
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
350
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Cochlearomyces eucalypti
351
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 659 – 20 December 2017
Cochlearomycetaceae Crous, fam. nov.
Classification — Cochlearomycetaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Mycelium immersed, dark brown, branched, septate. Coelomycetous conidiomata infundibuliform to nidulariaceous, superficial, separate, dark brown to black, sessile; basal wall several
cells thick, of dark brown textura angularis, periclinal wall one
cell thick, of vertically elongated thick-walled, brown textura
prismatica. Conidiophores 1– 2-septate, hyaline, sparingly
branched, restricted to the base of the conidioma. Hyphomycetous conidiomata solitary, erect, dark brown, appearing
as upside-down teaspoons; synnemata dark brown, smooth,
base lobate, with rhizoids; basal cells dark brown, verruculose,
subglobose; synnematal stalk with ellipsoid conidiogenous region; hyphal elements continuing above conidiogenous region,
mostly aggregated, but at times separating into two stalks,
ends subobtuse. Conidiophores aggregated in ellipsoid brown
conidiogenous zone, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, branched,
septate. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, doliiform
to subcylindrical to lageniform, phialidic. Conidia solitary, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, cylindrical, straight with obtuse ends.
Type genus. Cochlearomyces Crous.
MycoBank MB823461.
Notes — Cochlearomycetaceae includes Cochlearomyces
and the genus Satchmopsis, which is based on S. brasiliensis
(holotype Brazil Minas Gerais, Viçosa, on leaf litter of Eucalyptus paniculata, 18 Dec. 1973, C.S. Hodges, holotype IMI
181534c. Epitype designated here, ColomBia, on Eucalyptus leaf
litter, Feb. 2004, M.J. Wingfield, CBS H-18048, MBT379399;
cultures ex-epitype CPC 10972–10974; see Crous et al. 2006).
Cochlearomyces Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the conidiophores that appear as inverted
spoons.
Synnemata solitary, at times in small clusters, erect, dark brown,
somewhat flexuous, appearing as inverted spoons under the
dissecting microscope; synnemata dark brown, smooth, base
lobate, with rhizoids; basal cells dark brown, verruculose, subglobose; synnematal stalk consisting of 6–20 hyphal elements,
with ellipsoid conidiogenous region; hyphal elements continuing
above conidiogenous region, mostly aggregated, but at times
separating into two stalks, ends subobtuse. Conidiophores
aggregated in ellipsoid brown conidiogenous zone, arising
from roughened inner cells, becoming hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, branched, septate. Conidiogenous cells terminal and
intercalary, doliiform to subcylindrical, phialidic. Conidia solitary,
aseptate, hyaline, smooth, cylindrical, straight with obtuse ends.
Type species. Cochlearomyces eucalypti Crous.
MycoBank MB823365.
Cochlearomyces eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Synnemata solitary, at times in small clusters, erect, dark
brown, somewhat flexuous, appearing as inverted spoons under
the dissecting microscope; synnemata dark brown, smooth,
base lobate, 20–40 µm diam, with rhizoids; basal cells dark
brown, verruculose, subglobose, 5 –7 µm diam, giving rise
to dark brown hyphae, 4–5 µm diam, verruculose, septate;
in culture these hyphae become hyaline, but encased in a
mucoid sheath; synnematal stalk consisting of 6–20 hyphal
elements, stalk 10–15 µm diam at base, 200–300 µm long,
with ellipsoid conidiogenous region 120–150 µm from base,
50–80 µm diam, with roughened brown, thick-walled obtuse
cells (3–5 µm diam) forming a lobate margin; hyphal elements
continuing above conidiogenous region, 50 –100 µm long,
mostly aggregated, but at times separating into two stalks, ends
subobtuse, 2 µm diam. Conidiophores aggregated in ellipsoid
brown conidiogenous zone, arising from roughened inner cells,
becoming hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, branched, 1–3-septate, 12–20 × 2.5–3.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal and
intercalary, doliiform to subcylindrical, tapering to phialidic
apex with periclinal thickening, 5–7 × 2–3 µm. Conidia solitary,
aseptate, hyaline, smooth, cylindrical, straight with obtuse ends,
(10–)12–13(–15) × 1.5(–2) µm in vivo, 8–10 × 2 µm in vitro,
with 1–2 small guttules.
Colour illustrations. Silvan Reservoir Park; conidiophores (scale bars =
80 µm), conidiogenous cells and conidia (scale bars = 10 µm).
Culture characteristics — Colonies white on SNA, creamy
on OA, with sienna inner region due to sporulation, reaching
30 mm diam after 1 mo at 25 °C; aerial mycelium absent, margins smooth, even.
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, Melbourne, Dandenong Ranges, Silvan
Reservoir Park, leaf litter of Eucalyptus obliqua (Myrtaceae), 1 Dec. 2016,
P.W. Crous (CBS H-23076, cultures ex-type CPC 33051 = CBS 142622,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG386025 and MG386081, MycoBank
MB823366).
Notes — Among the genera of hyphomycetes presently
known (Seifert et al. 2011), Cochlearomyces is unique in having
erect, brown synnemata that form a shield, bearing phialides
that give rise to aseptate, cylindrical conidia. Cochlearomyces
clusters close to, but is morphologically quite distinct from,
Claussenomyces and Satchmopsis, two genera with turbinate
sporocarps (Crous et al. 2006, Medardi 2007).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
were Holwaya mucida (GenBank DQ257357; Identities =
504/545 (92 %), 7 gaps (1 %)), Patinella hyalophaea (GenBank KT876978; Identities 503/548 (92 %), 12 gaps (2 %))
and Flagellospora curvula (GenBank KC834045; Identities
500/548 (91 %), 8 gaps (1 %)). The highest similarities using
the LSU sequence were Claussenomyces prasinulus (GenBank KX090815; Identities 821/ 849 (97 %), 4 gaps (0 %)),
Satchmopsis brasiliensis (GenBank DQ195798; Identities
833/868 (96 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and Crinula caliciiformis (GenBank AY544680; Identities 855/895 (96 %), 8 gaps (0 %)).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
David Smith, Agriculture, Energy & Resources, Agriculture and Rural Division, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources,
Unit 3, 2 Codrington St, Cranbourne, Victoria 3977, Australia; e-mail: david.smith@ecodev.vic.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
352
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Pleopassalora acaciae
353
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 660 – 20 December 2017
Pleopassalora acaciae Crous & J. Edwards, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Acacia, the host genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Leaf spots mostly epiphyllous, rarely amphigenous, irregular,
dark brown, 1–2 mm diam, turning pale grey in centre with age.
Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary, immersed, breaking through
the epidermis by irregular rupture, 100–200 µm diam; wall of
3–6 layers of medium brown textura angularis, exuding a slimy
conidial cirrhus. In culture sporulating via large dark brown to
black sporodochia, producing a dark brown conidial mass. On
OA: Stroma consisting of brown, verruculose cells that give rise
to aggregated conidiophores. Conidiophores medium brown,
verruculose, subcylindrical, 0 –1-septate, 15 – 20 × 4 –7 µm.
Conidiogenous cells terminal, verruculose, medium brown,
subcylindrical, proliferating sympodially and percurrently, 7–15
× 4–7 µm. Conidia solitary, medium brown, verruculose, subcylindrical, apex obtuse, base truncate, 4 – 5 µm diam with
marginal frill; hilum unthickened not darkened, 5–8-septate,
(30–)40–52(–55) × (5–)6(–7) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate
margins, reaching 8 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA
surface olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey. On PDA surface
pale olivaceous grey, reverse olivaceous grey. On OA surface
olivaceous grey.
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, Narbethong, on leaves of Acacia obliquinervia
(Fabaceae), 6 May 2007, S. Morley (holotype CBS H-23096, cultures ex-type
VPRI 40697 = CPC 28354 = CBS 142533, ITS, LSU and actA sequences
GenBank MG386026, MG386082 and MG386134, MycoBank MB823367).
Additional material examined. auStralia, New South Wales, Nullica State
Forest, on leaves of Acacia falciformis, 29 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous, specimen
CBS H-23316, culture CPC 32718 = CBS 143451, ITS sequence GenBank
MG386027.
Notes — Beilharz et al. (2004) introduced Passalora perplexa to accommodate a pleomorphic cercosporoid fungus
causing a prominent leaf spot disease of Acacia crassicarpa in
Australia and Indonesia. Passalora perplexa has subsequently
been relegated to Pleopassalora, which is phylogenetically
distinct from Passalora s.str. (Videira et al. 2017). Pleopassalora acaciae (occurring on Acacia obliquinervia in Australia)
is morphologically distinct from P. perplexa (Type 1 conidia in
sporodochia; 20–35 × 3–6 μm, (1–)3(–4)-septate; Beilharz et
al. 2004), by producing medium brown conidia in slimy masses,
5–8-septate, 35–55 × 5–7 μm.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
best matches were ‘Passalora’ loranthi (GenBank EU514280;
Identities = 493/505 (98 %), 7 gaps (1 %)), followed by Exutisphaerella laricina (GenBank EU167595; Identities = 526/542
(97 %), 5 gaps (0 %)), Phaeocercospora juniperina (GenBank
KC870045; Identities 507/522 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and Passalora sequoiae (as Mycosphaerella laricina; GenBank GU214667;
Identities = 524/540 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). Based on the LSU
sequence, the best matches were with Pleopassalora perplexa
(GenBank GU214459; Identities 833/833 (100 %), no gaps),
‘Passalora’ loranthi (GenBank KP895892; Identities 832/ 832
(100 %), no gaps) and Phaeocercospora colopho spermi
(GenBank NG_042683; Identities 830/833 (99 %), no gaps).
The megablast search using the actA sequence only yielded most similar results with less than 91 % similarity and belonging to Pseudocercospora and Ramularia, for example. The
highest similarities using the actA sequence were with species of Mycosphaerellaceae, for example Pseudocercospora
cruenta (GenBank JQ325012; Identities 516/583 (89 %), 15
gaps (2 %)), Zasmidium commune (GenBank KY979857; Identities 509/583 (87 %), 12 gaps (2 %)) and Ramularia glennii
(GenBank KJ504433; Identities 454/504 (90 %), 9 gaps (1 %)).
Colour illustrations. Leaves of Acacia sp.; conidiomata sporulating on
OA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Jacqueline Edwards, Agriculture Victoria, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources,
AgriBio Centre for AgriBiosciences, 5 Ring Road, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia;
e-mail: jacky.edwards@ecodev.vic.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
354
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Saccharata acaciae
Fungal Planet description sheets
355
Fungal Planet 661 – 20 December 2017
Saccharata acaciae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Acacia, the host genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Saccharataceae, Botryosphaeriales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata solitary or aggregated, brown, globose, 100–200
µm diam, pycnidial with central ostiole; wall of 6–10 layers of
pale brown textura angularis. Paraphyses intermingled among
conidiophores, septate, hyaline, smooth, hyphae-like with obtuse ends, 2.5–3.5 µm diam. Conidiophores lining the inner
cavity, hyaline, smooth, reduced to conidiogenous cells, or with
a supporting cell. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, doliiform, 5–15 × 4–7 µm, proliferating percurrently at apex. Conidia
solitary, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, prominently guttulate to
granular, thin-walled, subcylindrical to fusoid-ellipsoid, apex obtuse, tapering in lower third to truncate base, 3–6 µm diam, with
minute marginal frill, (25 –)27–33(–42) × (6.5–)7–8(–9) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and uneven surface and margin,
reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and
OA surface olivaceous grey, and reverse iron-grey.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Fitzroy Falls, Morton National Park,
on leaves of Acacia sp. (Fabaceae), 26 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype
CBS H-23264, culture ex-type CPC 32181 = CBS 143167, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MG386028 and MG386083, MycoBank MB823368).
Notes — The genus Saccharata clusters in the Saccharataceae in the Botryosphaeriales (Slippers et al. 2013), and
is commonly associated with members of Myrtaceae and Proteaceae. Saccharata acaciae is phylogenetically closely related
to S. hakeae, which is known from Hakea baxteri in the Stirling
Range National Park in Western Australia. Morphologically, the
conidia of S. hakeae are similar in range, (24–)28–31(–33) ×
(6.5–)7–8 µm to those of S. acaciae. However, conidiomata of
S. acaciae (100–200 µm diam) are smaller though than those
of S. hakeae (200–300 µm diam), which lack paraphyses, and
have larger conidiophores, being 0–1-septate, 10–25 × 2.5–3.5
µm (Crous et al. 2016a).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
S. hakeae (GenBank KY173454; Identities 546/548 (99 %),
1 gap (0 %)), S. banksiae (GenBank KY173449; Identities
518/556 (93 %), 9 gaps (1 %)) and S. petrophiles (GenBank
KY173463; Identities 513 /554 (93 %), 9 gaps (1 %)). The
highest similarities using the LSU sequence were S. hakeae
(GenBank KY173542; Identities 827/ 830 (99 %), no gaps),
S. proteae (GenBank EU552145; Identities 837/860 (97 %),
2 gaps (0 %)) and S. intermedia (GenBank GU229889; Identities 832/855 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Acacia sp. at Fitzroy Falls;
conidiomata sporulating on OA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars
= 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
356
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Pararamichloridium livistonae
357
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 662 – 20 December 2017
Pararamichloridiales Crous, ord. nov.
MycoBank MB823462.
Pararamichloridiaceae Crous, fam. nov.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, septate, branched,
hyphae. Conidiophores erect, solitary, straight to flexuous,
branched at apex or not, subcylindrical, subhyaline to medium brown, smooth, septate. Conidiogenous cells terminal
and intercalary, subcylindrical, subhyaline to medium brown,
smooth, polyblastic. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, aseptate,
thin-walled, clavate to ellipsoid. Stromata purple to brown,
containing globose perithecia with cylindrical necks, extending
above stroma. Paraphyses numerous, hyaline, septate. Asci
cylindrical, 8-spored, with inamyloid annulus. Ascospores globose, hyaline, with verruculose epispore.
Type genus. Pararamichloridium Crous.
MycoBank MB823463.
Notes — The order Pararamichloridiales presently contains
two genera, namely Pararamichloridium and Woswasia (see
Jaklitsch et al. 2013).
Pararamichloridium Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Named refers to its morphological similarity to Ramichloridium.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, septate, branched,
hyphae. Conidiophores erect, solitary, straight to flexuous,
branched at apex or not, subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth,
septate. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth, with swollen apex and at
times swollen intercalary conidiogenous zone with clustered
denticles (at times in a short rachis); denticles with slightly
thickened scars. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, granular,
aseptate, thin-walled, clavate, apex obtuse, tapering in lower
third to truncate, slightly thickened hilum.
Type species. Pararamichloridium livistonae Crous.
MycoBank MB823369.
Pararamichloridium livistonae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Livistona, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, septate, branched,
1.5–2.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores erect, solitary, straight
to flexuous, branched at apex or not, subcylindrical, medium
brown, smooth, 1– 4-septate, 30 – 80 × 2.5 – 3 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical, medium
brown, smooth, 10–25 × 2.5–5 µm, with swollen apex and at
times swollen intercalary conidiogenous zone with clustered
denticles (at times in a short rachis); denticles 1 × 1 µm, with
slightly thickened scars. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth,
granular, aseptate, thin-walled, clavate, apex obtuse, tapering
in lower third to truncate hilum, 0.5 µm diam, slightly thickened,
(7–)8–9 × 2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
folded, with sparse aerial mycelium and feathery margins. On
MEA surface cinnamon, reverse sepia with dark brick diffuse
pigment. On PDA surface vinaceous buff, reverse isabelline,
with diffuse brick pigment. On OA surface hazel with diffuse
brick pigment.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Murramarang National Park, on
leaves of Livistona australis (Arecaceae), 27 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype
CBS H-23265, culture ex-type CPC 32156 = CBS 143166, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MG386029 and MG386084, MycoBank MB823370).
Notes — Pararamichloridium is a typical ramichloridium-like
genus sensu Arzanlou et al. (2007). However, it clusters distant
from Ramichloridium apiculatum (Videira et al. 2017), and is
Colour illustrations. Livistona australis at Murramarang National Park;
leaf spots, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
closely related to Spadicoides verrucosa (Rao & De Hoog
1986). The latter fungus was originally placed in Spadicoides
due to its determinate, tretic conidiophores, although it has
aseptate conidia, and sporulates well in culture (in contrast to
Spadicoides s.str.). Spadicoides verrucosa differs from Pararamichloridium by having pale brown, verruculose conidia, but
its clearly not a member of Spadicoides. Based on its close
phylogenetic affinity, it is therefore allocated to Pararamichloridium.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
only distant matches with species in Sordariomycetes, such
as Spadicoides sp. (GenBank KU747624; Identities 399/464
(86 %), 41 gaps (8 %)) and Phomatospora striatigera (GenBank
NR_145386; Identities 521/650 (80 %), 59 gaps (9 %)). Our ITS
sequence is only 85 % similar to the ITS sequence of Spadicoides verrucosa CBS 128.86 (GenBank MG386030; Identities
380/447 (85 %), 22 gaps (4 %)). The highest similarities using
the LSU sequence were Spadicoides verrucosa (GenBank
EF204508; Identities 801/ 833 (96 %), 3 gaps (0 %)), Magnaporthiopsis poae (GenBank KM401651; Identities 791/835
(95 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Woswasia atropurpurea (GenBank
JX233658; Identities 788 /835 (94 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Pararamichloridium verrucosum (V. Rao & de Hoog) Crous,
comb. nov. — MycoBank MB823371
Basionym. Spadicoides verrucosa V. Rao & de Hoog, Stud. Mycol. 28:
42. 1986.
Typus. india, Andhra Pradesh, Adilabad, on various fungi on old Bambusa
leaves, Jan. 1983, V. Rao (holotype CBS H-3891, ex-type culture CBS 128.86).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
358
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Neoanungitea eucalypti
359
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 663 – 20 December 2017
Neoanungitea Crous, gen nov.
Etymology. Named refers to its morphological similarity to Anungitea.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline to pale brown, smooth to verruculose, branched, septate hyphae. Conidiophores erect, solitary, frequently arising from a brown stroma or from superficial
hyphae, subcylindrical, flexuous, medium brown, roughened,
multiseptate, thick-walled. Conidiogenous cells terminal, sub-
cylindrical, medium brown, finely roughened, forming a terminal
rachis with several sympodial loci, flat-tipped, unthickened.
Conidia in short, branched chains, fusoid-ellipsoid, septate,
pale brown, roughened, ends obtuse, hila slightly thickened.
Type species. Neoanungitea eucalypti Crous.
MycoBank MB823489.
Neoanungitea eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Microthyriaceae, Microthyriales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline to pale brown, smooth to verruculose, branched, septate, 2.5–3.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores erect, solitary, frequently arising from a brown stroma
or from superficial hyphae, subcylindrical, flexuous, medium
brown, roughened, multiseptate, thick-walled, 30–160 × 4–6
µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, subcylindrical, medium
brown, finely roughened, 20–60 × 4–7 µm, forming a terminal
rachis with several sympodial loci, flat-tipped, unthickened,
2.5–3.5 µm diam. Conidia in short, branched chains, fusoidellipsoid, (0–)3-septate, pale brown, roughened, ends obtuse,
hila slightly thickened, 1–1.5 µm diam, (13 –)15 –17(– 22) ×
(3.5–)4–5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and feathery margins, reaching
8 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
amber, reverse chestnut.
Notes — Anungitea is characterised by having an apical conidiogenous cell with conspicuous denticles, while Anungitopsis
has indistinguishable scars arranged in a rachis (Seifert et al.
2011). Neoanungitea has a rachis much like Anungitopsis, but
has conspicuous flat-tipped sympodial loci, somewhat resembling Anungitea. Neoanungitea is therefore introduced as a
genus sharing features of both Anungitea and Anungitopsis.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest match in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database was
with Anungitopsis speciosa (GenBank EU035401; Identities
491/608 (81 %), 42 gaps (6 %)); all other results were only
based on similarity to the 5.8S nrRNA gene sequences. The
highest similarities using the LSU sequence were Anungitopsis
speciosa (GenBank EU035401; Identities 719 /813 (97 %),
no gaps), Spirosphaera beverwijkiana (GenBank HQ696657;
Identities 764/827 (92 %), 8 gaps (0 %)), Microthyrium propagulensis (GenBank KU948989; Identities 764/ 833 (92 %),
12 gaps (1 %)) and Microthyrium microscopicum (GenBank
GU301846; Identities 746/817 (91 %), 27 gaps (3 %)).
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, Silvan Reservoir Park, on leaves of Eucalyptus obliqua (Myrtaceae), 1 Dec. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23266,
culture ex-type CPC 32667 = CBS 143173, ITS-LSU sequence GenBank
MG386031, MycoBank MB823372).
Colour illustrations. Silvan Reservoir Park; conidiophores and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
David Smith, Agriculture, Energy & Resources, Agriculture and Rural Division, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources,
Unit 3, 2 Codrington St, Cranbourne, Victoria 3977, Australia; e-mail: david.smith@ecodev.vic.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
360
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Ochroconis podocarpi
Fungal Planet description sheets
361
Fungal Planet 664 – 20 December 2017
Ochroconis podocarpi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Podocarpus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Sympoventuriaceae, Venturiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of smooth, pale brown to medium brown,
septate, branched, 1.5–2 µm diam hyphae, giving rise to hyphal strands and hyphal coils. Conidiophores erect, 1-septate,
unbranched, medium brown, smooth, subcylindrical, 5–16 ×
2 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, medium brown, smooth,
subcylindrical, 5–12 × 2 µm, with 1–4 terminal cylindrical denticles, 1–1.5 × 1 µm. Conidia solitary, medianly 1-septate, fusoidellipsoid to subcylindrical, apex obtuse, base with truncate
scar, 0.5 µm diam, medium brown, verruculose, (6–)7–9(–10)
× 2(–2.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins, reaching
20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
amber, reverse chestnut.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Australian Botanic Garden, Mount
Annan, on leaves of Podocarpus grayae (Podocarpaceae), 25 Nov. 2016,
P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23267, culture ex-type CPC 32829 = CBS
143174, ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences GenBank MG386032, MG386085
and MG386162, MycoBank MB823373).
Notes — The genus Ochroconis is characterised by olivaceous to brown colonies, pigmented conidiophores, and sympodial conidiogenesis with denticles that give rise to septate,
pigmented, verruculose conidia. Ochroconis podocarpi is phylogenetically closely related to, but distinct from O. humicola (CBS
116655 ex-type from peat soil, Canada), which is a species
characterised by rapid growth, and conidiophores up to 300
µm in length (Giraldo et al. 2014).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Ochroconis bacilliformis (GenBank KP798632; Identities
360/414 (87 %), 23 gaps (5 %)), Ochroconis robusta (GenBank
KP798633; Identities 363/418 (87 %), 30 gaps (7 %)) and
Ochroconis constricta (GenBank KX610329; Identities 335/383
(87 %), 13 gaps (3 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU
sequence were Ochroconis humicola (GenBank KF156124;
Identities 775/799 (97 %), 7 gaps (0 %)), Ochroconis musae
(GenBank KT272088; Identities 816/852 (96 %), 4 gaps (0 %))
and Ochroconis mirabilis (GenBank KF282661; Identities
812/849 (96 %), 5 gaps (0 %)). The highest similarities using
the tub2 sequence were Ochroconis longiphorum (GenBank
KF156182; Identities 374/461 (81 %), 8 gaps (1 %)), Ochroconis macrozamiae (GenBank KF156191; Identities 375/467
(80 %), 19 gaps (4 %)) and Ochroconis gamsii (GenBank
HQ877664; Identities 371/463 (80 %), 19 gaps (4 %)).
Colour illustrations. Podocarpus grayae; conidiophores and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
362
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Seiridium persooniae
Fungal Planet description sheets
363
Fungal Planet 665 – 20 December 2017
Seiridium persooniae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Persoonia, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Sporocadaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata stromatic, separate, globose, erumpent, black, up
to 300 µm diam, unilocular; walls of 4–8 layers of brown textura
angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity, subcylindrical,
branched below, hyaline, smooth, 2–3-septate, up to 50 µm
long. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal and lateral,
subcylindrical, 10–20 × 2.5–3 µm, proliferating percurrently
at apex. Conidia fusoid, wall smooth, not constricted at septa,
5-septate with central pore, guttulate, (20 –)25 – 35(– 38) ×
(9–)10(–12) µm, wall 1 µm thick; basal cell obconic, subhyaline
with single unbranched central appendage, 1 µm long (rarely
present); apical cell bluntly rounded, subhyaline with central
unbranched appendage, 1– 2 µm long.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and feathery margins, reaching 45 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface dirty white with
patches of olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey in centre, luteous
in outer region. On PDA surface dirty white, reverse olivaceous
grey. On OA surface dirty white.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Nunnock Swamp, on leaves of Persoonia sp. (Proteaceae), 28 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23268,
culture ex-type CPC 32301 = CBS 143445, ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences
GenBank MG386033, MG386086 and MG386163, MycoBank MB823374).
Notes — The genus Seiridium includes several plant pathogenic species causing cankers on Cupressaceae. Of the species presently known, none have been described from Persoonia. Phylogenetically, S. persooniae is closely related to
S. unicorne (on Cupressus, Juniperus, Thuja; conidia fusiform,
5–6-septate, (23–)24–30 × (7–)7.5–9.5(–10) µm, apical appendage 3–10 µm, basal appendage 3–6 µm; Nag Raj 1993),
but distinct in that it has larger conidia and shorter appendages.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
were Seiridium cardinale (GenBank AF405305; Identities
536/556 (96 %), 17 gaps (3 %)), Seiridium cupressi (GenBank
FJ430600; Identities 543/564 (96 %), 17 gaps (3 %)) and
Seiridium phylicae (GenBank KC005788; Identities 559/581
(96 %), 17 gaps (2 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU
sequence were Seiridium unicorne (GenBank DQ414532;
Identities 833/834 (99 %), no gaps), Seiridium pseudocardinale
(GenBank KU848209; Identities 832/833 (99 %), no gaps) and
Seiridium phylicae (GenBank NG_042759; Identities 842/844
(99 %), 1 gap (0 %)). The highest similarities using the tub2
sequence were Seiridium phylicae (GenBank KC005819; Identities 437/451 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Seiridium cardinale (GenBank DQ926973; Identities 356/368 (97 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and
Seiridium cupressi (GenBank DQ926979; Identities 354/367
(96 %), 1 gap (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Lomatia myricoides growing intermixed with Persoonia
sp. in Nunnock Swamp; conidiomata sporulating on OA, conidiophores and
conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
364
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Pseudosporidesmium lambertiae
365
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 666 – 20 December 2017
Pseudosporidesmiaceae Crous, fam. nov.
Classification — Pseudosporidesmiaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, pale brown, hyphae.
Conidiophores solitary or in clusters, flexuous or erect, somewhat repent, arising from superficial hyphae, rejuvenating percurrently; stipe cylindrical, brown, smooth, thick-walled, mostly
unbranched. Conidiogenous cells terminal, cylindrical, brown;
scars truncate, unthickened. Conidia solitary, obclavate, apex
subobtuse, base truncate, euseptate, smooth-walled, brown.
Conidia frequently remain attached to the sides of the percurrently rejuvenating conidiophore (delayed secession), creating
the impression of sympodial proliferation.
Type genus. Pseudosporidesmium K.D. Hyde & McKenzie.
MycoBank MB823464.
Notes — Pseudosporidesmiaceae includes species of Pseudosporidesmium and a taxon tentatively identified as Repetophragma inflatum (GenBank DQ408576.1), of which the
identification could not be confirmed, suggesting it may well
be a species of Pseudosporidesmium.
Pseudosporidesmium lambertiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Lambertia, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, pale brown, 2–3 µm
diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary or in clusters of up to three,
flexuous or erect, somewhat repent, arising from superficial
hyphae, rejuvenating percurrently, base mostly not swollen, and
lacking rhizoids; stipe cylindrical, brown, smooth, thick-walled,
mostly unbranched, 100–300 × 5–7 µm. Conidiogenous cells
terminal, cylindrical, brown, 10–20 × 6–7 µm; scars truncate,
unthickened, 6–7 µm diam. Conidia solitary, obclavate, apex
subobtuse, base truncate, 6 –7 µm diam, (2 –)4-euseptate,
smooth-walled, guttulate, (37–)45–55(–60) × (11–)14–15 µm,
basal cell pale brown, conidium body medium brown, apical cell
pale brown, forming a long beak with subobtuse apex. Conidia
frequently remain attached to the sides of the percurrently
rejuvenating conidiophore (delayed secession), creating the
impression of sympodial proliferation.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with abundant aerial mycelium and feathery margins, reaching
30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Fitzroy Falls, Morton National
Park, on leaves of Lambertia formosa (Proteaceae), 26 Nov. 2016, P.W.
Crous (holotype CBS H-23269, culture ex-type CPC 32206 = CBS 143169,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG386034 and MG386087, MycoBank
MB823375).
Notes — Pseudosporidesmium lambertiae is closely related
to the ex-type strain of Sporidesmium knawiae and a specimen
identified as Repetophragma inflatum (voucher NN42958;
GenBank DQ408576.1). Su et al. (2016) established the genus
Pseudosporidesmium based on the fact that conidiophores
of Sporidesmium knawiae show percurrent rejuvenation,
and those of Sporidesmium s.str. do not, and tend to have
percurrent proliferation at the apex. Because the genus Sporidesmium is polyphyletic, we follow this decision, although it
should be noted that the type species of Sporidesmium has not
yet been collected, and thus the phylogeny of the genus remains unsettled. Pseudosporidesmium lambertiae differs from
P. knawiae by having 4-euseptate conidia that are longer and narrower, (60–)65–70(–80) × (10–)11–12(–13) µm, than those of
P. knawiae (Crous et al. 2008).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Pseudosporidesmium knawiae (GenBank FJ349609; Identities
343/381 (90 %), 20 gaps (5 %)), Nigrospora oryzae (GenBank
KX355191; Identities 306 /359 (85 %), 26 gaps (7 %)) and
Anungitea grevilleae (GenBank KX228252; Identities 299/351
(85 %), 18 gaps (5 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU
sequence were Repetophragma inflatum (GenBank DQ408576;
Identities 787/792 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Pseudosporidesmium
knawiae (GenBank FJ349610; Identities 785/792 (99 %), no
gaps) and Annulohypoxylon moriforme (GenBank DQ840058;
Identities 753/798 (94 %), 10 gaps (1 %)).
Colour illustrations. Lambertia formosa at Fitzroy Falls; conidiophores
and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
366
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Xenopassalora petrophiles
367
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 667 – 20 December 2017
Xenopassalora Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Named refers to its morphological similarity to the genus
Passalora.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Phytopathogenic, associated with small red-brown leaf spots.
Mycelium consisting of brown, verruculose to warty, septate,
branched, thick-walled hyphae, at time encased in mucoid layer
and forming a brown stroma of pseudoparenchymatal cells;
hyphae becoming prominently constricted at septa, cells swelling,
becoming muriformly septate. Conidiophores solitary, erect on
hyphae, geniculous-flexuous, septate, dark brown, thick-walled,
roughened. Conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated, medium
brown, smooth, consisting of a rachis of sympodial loci; scars
round, thickened, darkened. Conidia solitary, aseptate, medium
brown, guttulate, verruculose, ellipsoid, apex obtuse, tapering
in lower third to truncate hilum, thickened, darkened.
Type species. Xenopassalora petrophiles Crous.
MycoBank MB823376.
Xenopassalora petrophiles Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Petrophile, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Phytopathogenic, associated with small red-brown leaf spots.
Mycelium consisting of brown, verruculose to warty, septate,
branched, thick-walled, 4–5 µm diam hyphae, at time encased
in mucoid layer and forming a brown stroma of pseudoparenchymatal cells; hyphae becoming prominently constricted at
septa, cells swelling, becoming muriformly septate, up to 20 µm
diam. Conidiophores solitary, erect on hyphae, geniculousflexuous, 2–8-septate, dark brown, thick-walled, roughened,
15–90 × 3–5 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated,
medium brown, smooth, consisting of a rachis of sympodial loci,
15–30 × 4–5 µm; scars round, thickened, darkened, 1–1.5 µm
diam. Conidia solitary, aseptate, medium brown, guttulate, verruculose, ellipsoid, apex obtuse, tapering in lower third to truncate hilum, 1–1.5 µm diam, thickened, darkened, (5–)6–7(–9)
× (4–)5(–5.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and even, lobate
margins, reaching 10 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA surface olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Fitzroy Falls, on leaves of Petrophile
pedunculata (Proteaceae), 26 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23270,
culture ex-type CPC 32085 = CBS 143180, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences
GenBank MG386035, MG386088 and MG386140, MycoBank MB823377).
Notes — No passalora-like fungal records are known from
Petrophile, and it can be assumed that X. petrophiles, which
also has no matches with fungal taxa presently known from
DNA sequence, represents a new species. Because of its
pigmented aseptate conidia, it is reminiscent of the Ramichloridium complex, but is distinct in that it does not form a rachis,
and denticles are absent. Conidial hila and scars are thickened
and darkened, as found in the Passalora complex. However,
the aseptate conidia, and solitary conidiophores, are rather
distinct features. Phylogenetically, it also does not cluster in any
genus of Mycosphaerellaceae (Videira et al. 2017), and thus we
introduce a new genus, Xenopassalora, to accommodate it.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Paracercosporidium microsorum (as Mycosphaerella microsora; GenBank EU167599; Identities 496/534 (93 %), 14 gaps
(2 %)), Passalora arctostaphyli (GenBank KJ152782; Identities
494/532 (93 %), 11 gaps (2 %)) and Pantospora guazumae
(GenBank NR_119971; Identities 494/534 (93 %), 14 gaps
(2 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were
Phaeophleospora scytalidii (GenBank JN232427; Identities
808/836 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)), Devonomyces endophyticus (as
Mycosphaerella sp.; GenBank GU214450; Identities 808/836
(97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and Mycosphaerella stromatosa (GenBank EU167598.2; Identities 808/836 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)).
The highest similarities using the rpb2 sequence were distant
hits with Fusoidiella depressa (GenBank KX348055; Identities
600/785 (76 %), 10 gaps (1 %)), Zasmidium anthuriicola (GenBank KT216547; Identities 632/835 (76 %), 34 gaps (4 %)) and
Ramularia vizellae (GenBank KP894758; Identities 620/822
(75 %), 30 gaps (3 %)).
Colour illustrations. Petrophile pedunculata at Fitzroy Falls; conidiophores
and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
368
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Castanediella eucalyptigena
369
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 668 – 20 December 2017
Castanediella eucalyptigena Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Castanediellaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate,
2 – 4 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores erect on hyphae, subcylindrical, smooth, hyaline, 0–2-septate, frequently reduced
to conidiogenous loci on hyphae, up to 15 µm tall, 3–5 µm
diam. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, solitary, terminal
and intercalary, ampulliform or subcylindrical, polyblastic, with
inconspicuous scars at apex, 2–10 × 2 – 5 µm. In older cultures
(4 wk) conidiophores and conidiogenous cells become pale
brown. Conidia solitary but aggregated in mucoid clusters,
hyaline, smooth, aseptate, falcate, tapering to acute ends
that are subobtusely rounded, biguttulate, (13–)18–24(–30)
× 2(–2.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins, reaching
30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface iron-grey,
reverse olivaceous grey. On PDA surface and reverse isabelline. On OA surface iron-grey.
Notes — The genus Castanediella is morphologically similar
to Microdochium, but differs in having brown, branched conidiophores (Crous et al. 2015b, Hernández-Restrepo et al.
2016, 2017). Several species of Castanediella are known
from Eucalyptus (Crous et al. 2016a), but C. eucalyptigena is
phylogenetically distinct from all taxa presently known.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Xyladictyochaeta lusitanica (GenBank KY853479; Identities
531/ 576 (92 %), 12 gaps (2 %)), C. cagnizarii (GenBank
KP859054; Identities 517/575 (90 %), 30 gaps (5 %)) and
C. malaysiana (GenBank KX306752; Identities 520/580 (90 %),
24 gaps (4 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence
were C. cagnizarii (GenBank KP858991; Identities 793/814
(97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)), Pidoplitchkoviella terricola (GenBank
AF096197; Identities 799/822 (97 %), 5 gaps (0 %)) and C.
eucalypti (GenBank KR476758; Identities 794/819 (97 %), 1
gap (0 %)).
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Barren Grounds Nature Reserve, on
leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 26 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype
CBS H-23272, culture ex-type CPC 32055 = CBS 143178, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MG386036 and MG386089, MycoBank MB823378).
Colour illustrations. Barren Grounds Nature Reserve; conidiophores and
conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
370
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Amphosoma persooniae
Fungal Planet description sheets
371
Fungal Planet 669 – 20 December 2017
Amphosoma persooniae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Persoonia, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Orbiliaceae, Orbiliales, Orbiliomycetes.
Associated with prominent stem cankers on Persoonia; cankers were covered by prominent back conidiomata. Conidiomata pycnidial, globose, 90–180 µm diam, dark brown, with
central ostiole, 20–30 µm diam, exuding a crystalline conidial
mass; outer conidiomatal wall covered with brown, verruculose, septate hyphae, 2–2.5 µm diam; wall of 3–5 layers of
brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity,
hyaline, smooth, branched, 1–4-septate, 10–40 × 2–2.5 µm.
Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, hyaline, smooth,
subcylindrical, phialidic with prominent periclinal thickening,
5–17 × 2–2.5 µm. A few conidiogenous cells also appear to
proliferate percurrently. Conidia hyaline, smooth-walled, guttulate, aseptate, subcylindrical, straight, apex obtuse, base
truncate, 1–1.5 µm diam, (4.5–)5–6(–7) × (2–)2.5(–3) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth,
lobate margins, reaching 8 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA, PDA and OA surface and reverse olivaceous grey.
Notes — Amphosoma persooniae is phylogenetically related
to species of Amphosoma (Baral et al. 2017). Although Amphosoma is supposed to have trinacrium-like asexual morphs,
A. persooniae appears phoma-like in morphology (see Chen
et al. 2015). Upon initial incubation, several white apothecia
resembling Amphosoma were observed, although the cultures
were derived from the phoma-like morph that also developed
on the twigs. Although no inoculations were performed, conidiomata were associated with prominent stem cankers on
Persoonia, suggesting that this could be a plant pathogen, but
further collections are required to resolve its ecology.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were Amphosoma resinicola (GenBank KT222388; Identities 482/565
(85 %), 23 gaps (4 %)) and Amphosoma atroolivacea (GenBank
KT222387; Identities 468/570 (82 %), 42 gaps (7 %)). The
highest similarities using the LSU sequence were Amphosoma
atroolivacea (GenBank KT222387; Identities 827/854 (97 %),
4 gaps (0 %)), Amphosoma resinicola (GenBank KT222388;
Identities 822/852 (96 %), no gaps) and Retiarius superficiaris
(GenBank KY352467; Identities 747/785 (95 %), 3 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Tullarwalla Creek, on stems of Persoonia sp. (Proteaceae), 27 Sept. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23273,
culture ex-type CPC 32235 = CBS 143171, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MG386037 and MG386090, MycoBank MB823379).
Colour illustrations. Stem canker on Persoonia sp.; conidiomata sporulating on PDA, conidiomatal ostiole, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars =
10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
372
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Paraphysalospora eucalypti
373
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 670 – 20 December 2017
Paraphysalospora Crous, gen nov.
Etymology. Named refers to Physalospora, a morphologically similar
genus.
Classification — Clypeophysalosporaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
smooth, branched, septate. Conidiogenous cells terminal and
intercalary, subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, phialidic with
prominent periclinal thickening. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth,
aseptate, sickle-shaped, apex subobtuse, base truncate.
Type species. Paraphysalospora eucalypti Crous.
MycoBank MB823380.
Ascospores hyaline, smooth, limoniform with cylindrical appendage at each end. Conidiomata sporodochial, with buff,
slimy conidial mass. Conidiophores subcylindrical, pale brown,
Paraphysalospora eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Single ascospores shot onto MEA, but ascomata not traced
on leaf tissue. Ascospores hyaline, smooth, limoniform with
cylindrical appendage at each end, 45 – 50 × 15 – 20 µm.
Conidiomata sporodochial on OA and SNA, up to 400 µm
diam, with buff, slimy conidial mass. Conidiophores subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, branched, septate, up to 80 µm tall.
Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical,
pale brown, smooth, 10–20 × 2.5 µm, phialidic with prominent
periclinal thickening. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, aseptate, sickle-shaped, apex subobtuse, base truncate, (13–)15–
17(–20) × 1.5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margins, reaching 10 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA surface dirty white, reverse luteous.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Barren Grounds Nature Reserve, on
leaves of Eucalyptus sieberi (Myrtaceae), 26 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype
CBS H-23274, culture ex-type CPC 32053 = CBS 143177, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MG386038 and MG386091, MycoBank MB823381).
Notes — The genus Paraphysalospora is related to Clypeophysalospora and Neophysalospora (Xylariales), both occurring
on Eucalyptus (Crous et al. 2014b, Giraldo et al. 2017). Based
on the ascospore shape, mucoid appendages and sporodochial
asexual morph, Paraphysalospora clearly represents yet another genus in this complex. There were only a few ascomata
on the leaf tissue, and hence the ascomatal anatomy remains
to be elucidated pending further collections.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Castanediella hyalopenicillata (GenBank KX306751; Identities
397/427 (93 %), 3 gaps (0 %)), Bagadiella lunata (GenBank
NR_132832; Identities 567/610 (93 %), 20 gaps (3 %)) and
B. koalae (GenBank JF951142; Identities 565/611 (92 %), 21
gaps (3 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence
were Neophysalospora eucalypti (GenBank KP004490; Identities 821/839 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Clypeophysalospora latitans
(GenBank KX820265; Identities 772/792 (97 %), 1 gap (0 %))
and Plectosphaera eucalypti (GenBank DQ923538; Identities
828/853 (97 %), 4 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Barren Grounds Nature Reserve; conidiomata sporulating on OA, conidiophores, conidia and germinating ascospores. Scale bars
= 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
374
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Subramaniomyces podocarpi
375
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 671 – 20 December 2017
Subramaniomyces podocarpi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Podocarpus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, septate, branched,
1.5–2.5 µm diam hyphae. Setae solitary or in fascicles, erect,
flexuous, medium brown, thick-walled, smooth, multi-septate,
subcylindrical, apex obtuse, base lacking rhizoids, constricted
and narrowing to where it arises from hyphae, up to 300 µm
tall, 4–6 µm wide. Conidiophores pale brown, smooth, arranged
along setae, positioned at septa, consisting of a globose basal
cell, 5 –7 µm diam, giving rise to 2 – 3 lateral branches that
are 1–2-septate, with a terminal conidiogenous cell. Conidiogenous cells pale brown, smooth, terminal, subcylindrical,
ends obtuse, with one to several pimple-like denticles, 0.5–1
µm long, inconspicuous, 6–8 × 3.5–4.5 µm. Conidia aseptate,
pale brown, verruculose, fusoid-ellipsoid, apex acutely rounded
or truncate, base truncate, 1 µm diam, in branched chains,
15–17(–19) × (3–)4 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins,
covering the dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface dirty
white, reverse sienna. On PDA surface and reverse amber. On
OA surface chestnut.
Notes — Subramaniomyces is reminiscent of the genus
Zanclospora (Hernández-Restrepo et al. 2017), although the
conidiogenous cells are arranged differently, and its mode
of conidiogenesis is distinct, having several small denticles.
Subramaniomyces podocarpi resembles the type species,
S. indicus (on leaf litter in India, conidia 15–26.5 × 3–3.5 µm;
Varghese & Rao 1979), although conidia of S. podocarpi differ in being shorter and wider. The genus Subramaniomyces
is polyphyletic, and S. fusisaprophyticus clearly represents a
distinct genus (see below). Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the closest matches in NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide database were Parapleurotheciopsis inaequiseptata (GenBank EU040235; Identities 511/568 (90 %), 10 gaps
(1 %)), Wardomyces moseri (GenBank LN850995; Identities
515/570 (90 %), 25 gaps (4 %)) and Sarcostroma bisetulatum
(GenBank EU552155; Identities 506/566 (89 %), 18 gaps
(3 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were
Pidoplitchkoviella terricola (GenBank AF096197; Identities
821/846 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Immersidiscosia eucalypti
(GenBank KY825092; Identities 821/848 (97 %), 5 gaps (0 %)),
Discosia fagi (GenBank KM678047; Identities 820/848 (97 %),
5 gaps (0 %)) and Subramaniomyces fusisaprophyticus (GenBank EU040241; Identities 817/846 (97 %), 1 gap (0 %)).
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Australian Botanic Garden, Mount
Annan, on leaves of Podocarpus elatus (Podocarpaceae), 25 Nov. 2016, P.W.
Crous (holotype CBS H-23275, culture ex-type CPC 32031 = CBS 143176,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG386039 and MG386092, MycoBank
MB823382).
Pseudosubramaniomyces Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Subramaniomyces, a morphologically similar
genus.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, branched, septate hyphae, immersed and superficial. Conidiophores solitary,
erect, pale brown at base, hyaline at apex, smooth, subcylin-
drical, 0–multi-septate, flexuous. Conidiogenous cells subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, terminal, polyblastic, with cylindrical
denticles. Conidia aseptate, in dry acropetal chains, ellipsoid to
fusoid, pale brown to subhyaline; hila unthickened, not darkened.
Type species. Pseudosubramaniomyces fusisaprophyticus (Matsush.)
Crous.
MycoBank MB823465.
Pseudosubramaniomyces fusisaprophyticus (Matsush.) Crous, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB823466.
Basionym. Ramularia fusisaprophytica Matsush., Microfungi of the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea (Osaka): 48. 1971.
Synonym. Subramaniomyces fusisaprophyticus (Matsush.) P.M. Kirk,
Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 78: 71. 1982.
Notes — Pseudosubramaniomyces is distinct from Subramaniomyces in the arrangement of its conidiogenous cells
(see Kirk 1982). Pseudosubramaniomyces lacks lateral conidiogenous cells along the length of the conidiophore stipe, and
tends to have pale brown conidiophores, in contrast to the dark
brown stipes of Subramaniomyces.
Colour illustrations. Podocarpus elatus; conidiophores, conidiogenous
cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
376
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Planamyces parisiensis
377
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 672 – 20 December 2017
Planamyces Crous & Decock, gen. nov.
Etymology. Named after its characteristic conidia, which are flattened in
side view.
Classification — Pyronemataceae, Pezizales, Pezizomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate
hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect, arising from superficial
hyphae, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, multiseptate, flexuous,
developing terminal and intercalary branches that give rise to
clusters of conidiophores; lateral branches hyaline, smooth,
subcylindrical, giving rise to conidiogenous cells, frequently two,
with bifurcate positioning. Conidiogenous cells subcylindrical,
hyaline, smooth, clavate at apex; apex with several denticles,
with apical and lateral holoblastic loci. Conidia solitary, globose
but flattened in side view, hyaline, smooth, aseptate, becoming
saffron with age, and developing small warts.
Type species. Planamyces parisiensis Crous & Decock.
MycoBank MB823383.
Planamyces parisiensis Crous & Decock, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named refers to Paris, the city where this species was collected.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate, 3–5
µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect, arising from
superficial hyphae, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, multiseptate, flexuous, developing terminal and intercalary branches that
give rise to clusters of conidiophores; lateral branches hyaline,
smooth, subcylindrical, 15–35 × 5–7 µm, giving rise to conidiogenous cells, frequently two, with bifurcate positioning. Conidiogenous cells subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, clavate at apex,
15–35 × 5–10 µm; apex with several denticles, 3–6 × 2–3 µm,
with apical and lateral holoblastic loci. Conidia solitary, globose
but flattened in side view, hyaline, smooth, aseptate, becoming
saffron with age, and developing small warts, (6–)7–8(–9) µm
in surface view, 5–6 µm diam in side view.
Culture characteristics — Colonies spreading, abundant
aerial mycelium, covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA surface and reverse dirty white with patches of
peach.
Typus. FranCe, Paris, from wood inside a house, 2017, C. Decock (holotype CBS H-23276, culture ex-type CPC 31694 = CBS 143165, ITS, LSU
and rpb2 sequences GenBank MG386040, MG386093 and MG386141,
MycoBank MB823384).
Notes — Based on morphology, Planamyces appears quite
distinct from the genera of hyphomycetes presently known
(Seifert et al. 2011). Its hyaline conidiophores give rise to a
cluster of conidiogenous cells, that in turn produce several
denticles, forming globose conidia (flattened in side view) that
turn saffron and finely warty with age. Planamyces is related to
the sexual genera Monascella and Warcupia, but these genera
lack asexual morphs, complicating a direct morphological comparison.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Monascella botryosa (GenBank NR_145208; Identities 534/624
(86 %), 41 gaps (6 %)), Sporendonema purpurascens (GenBank GQ272632; Identities 514/601 (86 %), 25 gaps (4 %))
and Scutellinia cejpii (GenBank KJ619951; Identities 519/639
(81 %), 46 gaps (7 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU
sequence were Monascella botryosa (GenBank KC012688;
Identities 842/856 (98 %), no gaps), Warcupia terrestris (GenBank DQ220467; Identities 842/856 (98 %), no gaps) and Melastiza flavorubens (GenBank DQ220369; Identities 822/856
(96 %), no gaps). The highest similarities using the rpb2
sequence were distant hits with Otidea mirabilis (GenBank
JN993547; Identities 653/821 (80 %), 6 gaps (0 %)), Otidea
concinna (GenBank JN993545; Identities 654/ 822 (80 %),
8 gaps (0 %)) and Otidea onotica (GenBank JN993551; Identities 650/819 (79 %), 6 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Apartment block in Paris, close to where the fungus
was collected; conidiophores sporulating on SNA, conidiophores and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Cony A. Decock, Mycothèque de l’Université catholique de Louvain (MUCL, BCCMTM), Earth and Life Institute – ELIM – Mycology,
Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2 bte L7.05.06, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;
e-mail: cony.decock@uclouvain.be
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
378
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Neoconiothyrium persooniae
379
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 673 – 20 December 2017
Neoconiothyrium Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Coniothyrium, a morphologically similar genus.
Classification — Coniothyriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata superficial, ellipsoid to obpyriform, solitary, with
1–2 papillate ostioles; conidiomata hyaline on agar, becoming
pigmented during sporulation; wall of 3–6 layers of thick-walled
cells; surface with or without setae. Conidiophores reduced to
conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth,
doliiform to ampulliform, phialidic, with periclinal thickening or
percurrent proliferation. Conidia solitary, hyaline to medium
brown, smooth to finely verruculose, ellipsoid to subclavate or
subcylindrical, 0 –1-septate.
Type species. Neoconiothyrium persooniae Crous.
MycoBank MB823385.
Neoconiothyrium persooniae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Persoonia, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Sporulating on OA. Conidiomata superficial, ellipsoid to obpyriform, 100–200 µm diam, solitary, with 1–2 papillate ostioles,
10–15 µm diam; conidiomata hyaline on agar, becoming pigmented during sporulation, but wall of 3–6 layers of thick-walled
cells, hyaline textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, doliiform
to ampulliform, phialidic, with periclinal thickening or percurrent
proliferation, 5–8 × 4– 5 µm. Conidia solitary, medium brown,
finely verruculose, ellipsoid to subclavate, aseptate, becoming
cylindrical and at times 1-septate, apex subobtuse, base bluntly
rounded, (5 –)6–7(–8) × 3(–4) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins,
covering the dish after 1 mo at 25 °C. On MEA surface pale
mouse grey, reverse dark mouse grey. On PDA surface and
reverse mouse grey. On OA surface mouse grey.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Australian Botanic Garden, Mount
Annan, on leaves of Persoonia laurina subsp. laurina (Proteaceae), 25 Nov.
2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23277, culture ex-type CPC 32021 = CBS
143175, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG386041 and MG386094,
MycoBank MB823386).
Notes — Neoconiothyrium persooniae is phylogenetically
related to C. multipora (De Gruyter et al. 2013) and C. hakeae
(Crous et al. 2016a), which in turn cluster apart from Coniothyrium s.str., and clearly represent a distinct genus. Morphologically, however, this clade appears to be quite variable, as
in C. hakeae the conidiomata are covered in setae (absent
in C. persooniae), and the conidia are globose to broadly ellipsoid and aseptate. In contrast, conidia are initially ellipsoid
and aseptate, becoming cylindrical and 1-septate in C. persooniae. Phylogenetically, they cluster together as sister genus to
Ochrocladosporium.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Leptosphaeria proteicola (GenBank JQ044439; Identities
455/482 (94 %), 7 gaps (1 %)), Querciphoma carteri (GenBank
KF251209; Identities 524/572 (92 %), 16 gaps (2 %)), Hazslinszkyomyces aloes (GenBank NR_137821; Identities 536/591
(91 %), 16 gaps (2 %)) and Ochrocladosporium elatum (GenBank EU040233; Identities 536/588 (3 %), 30 gaps (5 %)). The
highest similarities using the LSU sequence were Coniothyrium
hakeae (GenBank KY173490; Identities 821/833 (99 %), no
gaps), Ochrocladosporium elatum (GenBank EU040233; Identities 836/850 (98 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Coniothyrium telephii
(GenBank LN907332; Identities 839 /855 (98 %), no gaps).
Neoconiothyrium hakeae (Crous & Barber) Crous, comb. nov.
— MycoBank MB823387
Basionym. Coniothyrium hakeae Crous & Barber, Persoonia 37: 347.
2016.
Neoconiothyrium multiporum (V.H. Pawar et al.) Crous,
comb. nov. — MycoBank MB823388
Basionym. Phoma multipora V.H. Pawar et al., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc.
50: 260. 1967.
Synonym. Coniothyrium multiporum (V.H. Pawar et al.) Verkley & Gruyter,
Stud. Mycol. 75: 24. 2012.
Colour illustrations. Persoonia laurina subsp. laurina; conidioma sporulating on SNA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
380
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Phlogicylindrium tereticornis
381
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 674 – 20 December 2017
Phlogicylindrium tereticornis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus tereticornis, the host species from
which this fungus was collected.
Classification — Phlogicylindriaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Associated with amphigenous, circular to angular, brown leaf
spots (3 –7 mm diam), with red-purple margins. On SNA.
Conidiomata sporodochial, with conidiophores subcylindrical,
hyaline, smooth, giving rise to terminal conidiogenous cells, 3–8
× 2 – 3 µm, proliferating sympodially. Conidia solitary, hyaline,
smooth, medianly septate, straight to curved subcylindrical,
guttulate, tapering to subobtuse apex and truncate hilum, (20–)
25–35(–40) × (2–)3 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and feathery margins, reaching
30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface saffron,
reverse amber. On PDA surface chestnut, reverse amber. On
OA surface hazel.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Australian Botanic Garden, Mount
Annan, on leaves of Eucalyptus tereticornis (Myrtaceae), 25 Nov. 2016, P.W.
Crous (holotype CBS H-23279, culture ex-type CPC 32197 = CBS 143168,
ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank MG386042, MG386095,
MG386142 and MG386151, MycoBank MB823389).
Notes — Phlogicylindrium is characterised by forming sporodochia, and having sympodially proliferating conidiogenous
cells that give rise to hyaline, subcylindrical, septate conidia
(Summerell et al. 2006). The present collection appears to be
phylogenetically closely allied to Phlogicylindrium, and as it is
also morphologically similar, we describe it here as P. tereticornis. The foliar symptoms associated with the fungus were
quite dramatic, but the occurrence of Phlogicylindrium on these
lesions may be secondary.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
were Phlogicylindrium eucalyptorum (GenBank EU040223;
Identities 417/436 (96 %), 1 gap (0 %)), P. eucalypti (GenBank
NR_132813; Identities 425/449 (95 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and P. uniforme (GenBank JQ044426; Identities 425/449 (95 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were
P. mokarei (GenBank KY173521; Identities 810/818 (99 %),
no gaps), P. uniforme (GenBank JQ044445; Identities 830/840
(99 %), no gaps) and P. eucalyptorum (GenBank EU040223;
Identities 830/840 (99 %), no gaps). The highest similarities
using the rpb2 sequence were distant hits with Creosphaeria
sassafras (GenBank KU684308; Identities 647/820 (79 %), 12
gaps (1 %)), Lopadostoma linospermum (GenBank KC774544;
Identities 658/848 (78 %), 15 gaps (1 %)) and Daldinia concentrica (GenBank DQ368651; Identities 638/828 (77 %), 15 gaps
(1 %)). No significant hits were found when the tef1 sequence
was used in a blast search.
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic Eucalyptus leaves; conidiogenous cells
on PNA, and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
382
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Yuccamyces citri
383
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 675 – 20 December 2017
Yuccamyces citri Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Citrus, the host genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Patellariales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiophores erect, aggregated in penicillate tufts, forming
upright sporodochia, hyaline, smooth, individually hyaline, but
sporodochia distinctly pink in colour; conidiophores subcylindrical, septate, branched, up to 150 µm tall, 3–6-septate, 3–4 µm
diam. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical, smooth, 15–25 × 2.5–3 µm, proliferating sympodially at
apex. Conidia in slimy, branched chains, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical but widest in middle of each cell, and with
characteristic taper toward septum, 1–2-septate, individual cells
15–20 × 2–3 µm, 1-septate, conidia 32–45 µm long, 2-septate
conidia 55 –65 µm long; conidia anastomosing with age.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with sparse
aerial mycelium and feathery margins, reaching 50 mm diam
after 1 mo at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface chestnut,
reverse fuscous black.
Typus. italy, Catania, Mascali, on leaf litter of Citrus limon (Rutaceae),
30 Jan. 2016, V. Guarnaccia (holotype CBS H-23280, culture ex-type CPC
30046 = CBS 143161, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG386043 and
MG386096, MycoBank MB823390).
Notes — Yuccamyces citri is very similar to the type of
the genus, Y. purpureus (on Flacourtia indica, India; colonies
become pinkish purple due to the accumulation of conidia;
Dyko & Sutton 1979). In Y. citri, sporodochia also turn pink at
maturity (similar to that of the type), but conidia are shorter and
wider (55–65 × 2–3 µm) than those of Y. purpureus (46–72 ×
1.5–2 µm). Dyko & Sutton (1979) speculated that the genus is
a basidiomycete, but Yuccamyces is related to Hysteropatella
(Patellariaceae).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Yuccamyces pilosus (GenBank MG386044; Identities 685/789
(87 %), 51 gaps (6 %)), Neodactylaria obpyriformis (GenBank LT839090; Identities 334/386 (87 %), 13 gaps (3 %)),
Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (GenBank FM211429; Identities
478/595 (80 %), 45 gaps (7 %)) and Neofusicoccum mediterraneum (GenBank GU799463; Identities 401/483 (83 %), 32
gaps (6 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence
were Yuccamyces pilosus (GenBank MG386097; Identities
813/853 (95 %), 3 gaps (0 %)), Hysteropatella elliptica (GenBank KM220948; Identities 805 /853 (94 %), 3 gaps (0 %)),
Hysteropatella prostii (GenBank KT876980; Identities 805/853
(94 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and Hysteropatella clavispora (GenBank
AY541493; Identities 805 /853 (94 %), 3 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Citrus limon tree growing in Italy; conidiomata sporulating on PDA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous, Johannes Z. Groenewald & Vladimiro Guarnaccia, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl, e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl & v.guarnaccia@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
384
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Murramarangomyces corymbiae
385
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 676 – 20 December 2017
Murramarangomycetales Crous, ord. nov.
MycoBank MB823433.
Murramarangomycetaceae Crous, fam. nov.
MycoBank MB823434.
Classification — Murramarangomycetaceae, Murramarangomycetales, Dothideomycetes.
The diagnosis of the order Murramarangomycetales and family
Murramarangomycetaceae is based on the type genus, Murramarangomyces.
Murramarangomyces Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the location where it was collected, Murramarang, Australia.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth hyphae, irregular,
constricted at septa, forming brown, thick-walled cells that become fertile conidiogenous cells, aggregated in cauliflower-like
clusters of brown, doliiform to globose, brown conidiogenous
cells, phialidic, giving rise to solitary conidia. Conidia in slimy
mass, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, bacilliform.
Type species. Murramarangomyces corymbiae Crous.
MycoBank MB823391.
Murramarangomyces corymbiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Corymbia, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Leaf spots circular, hypophyllous, dark brown, circular, 3–5
mm diam, but several fungi are associated with these spots,
so the occurrence could be secondary. Mycelium consisting of
hyaline, smooth, 2–5 µm diam hyphae, irregular, constricted
at septa, forming brown, thick-walled cells that become fertile
conidiogenous cells, aggregated in cauliflower-like clusters of
doliiform to globose, brown conidiogenous cells, 3–5 µm diam,
phialidic, giving rise to solitary conidia. Conidia in slimy mass,
aseptate, hyaline, smooth, bacilliform, 3 –5 × 1.5–2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margins,
reaching 4 mm diam after 1 mo at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and
OA surface and reverse chestnut.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, close to Murramarang, on leaves
of Corymbia maculata (Myrtaceae), 27 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype
CBS H-23281, culture ex-type CPC 33000 = CBS 143434, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MG386045 and MG386098, MycoBank MB823392).
Notes — Murramarangomyces is related to the hyphomycete genus Gonatophragmium (Dothideomycetes), but is
somewhat reminiscent of Paramycoleptodiscus (Crous et al.
2016b). Morphologically it is quite distinct however, in having
creeping hyphae that give rise to aggregated brown clusters
of phialidic conidiogenous cells (as in Paramycoleptodiscus),
that form hyaline, smooth, aseptate conidia. When it was first
isolated, several black, round hysterothecia was also present
on the leaf spots, although the sexual-asexual link could not
be confirmed, and further collections would be required to fully
resolve its life cycle.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, only
some similarities to the 5.8S nrRNA gene were found and these
results were inconclusive. The highest similarities using the LSU
sequence were Lepra violacea (GenBank MF109224; Identities 582 /668 (87 %), 16 gaps (2 %)), Lepra amara (GenBank
MF109182; Identities 581/669 (87 %), 18 gaps (2 %)) and Gonatophragmium triuniae (GenBank KP004479; Identities
626/728 (86 %), 15 gaps (2 %)).
Colour illustrations. Corymbia tree in Murramarang; conidiomata sporulating on OA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road,
Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia; e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
386
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Tygervalleyomyces podocarpi
387
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 677 – 20 December 2017
Tygervalleyomyces Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the location where it was collected, Tyger
Valley, South Africa.
Classification — Typhulaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Conidiomata cupulate, brown, up to 200 µm diam; walls of 3–5
layers of brown textura angularis. In culture forming sporodochia
with mucoid conidial mass. Conidiophores cylindrical, hyaline,
smooth, flexuous, septate. Conidiogenous cells terminal, cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, proliferating percurrently with proli-
ferations widely dispersed over the length of the conidiogenous
cell. Paraphyses similar to conidiophores but sterile, dispersed
among conidiophores, frequently extending above them in
length. Conidia solitary, cylindrical, with apex obtuse, base truncate with minute marginal frill, straight, aseptate, granular to
guttulate.
Type species. Tygervalleyomyces podocarpi Crous.
MycoBank MB823393.
Tygervalleyomyces podocarpi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Podocarpus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Conidiomata cupulate, brown, up to 200 µm diam, forming on
Podocarpus leaf litter; walls of 3–5 layers of brown textura
angularis. On MEA forming sporodochia with mucoid conidial
mass. Conidiophores cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, flexuous,
1–3-septate, 50–100 × 3–4 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal,
cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, 20 – 50 × 2 – 3 µm, proliferating
percurrently with proliferations widely dispersed over the length
of the conidiogenous cell. Paraphyses similar to conidiophores
but sterile, dispersed among conidiophores, frequently extending above them in length. Conidia solitary, cylindrical, with
apex obtuse, base truncate with minute marginal frill, straight,
aseptate, granular to guttulate, (18–)20–26(–35) × 3(–4) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with sparse
aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins, covering the
dish after 1 mo at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface and
reverse pale luteous.
Notes — Tygervalleyomyces is a genus of coelomycetes
with cupulate conidiomata with affinities to Typhulaceae. Based
on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the closest
matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were only
distant hits with members of Agaricales.
The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were Typhula
crassipes (GenBank KY224094; Identities 845 /858 (98 %),
1 gap (0 %)), Typhula micans (GenBank KY224102; Identities 824/858 (96 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Lentaria albovinacea
(GenBank DQ071734; Identities 827/888 (93 %), 5 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. South aFriCa, Western Cape Province, Tyger Valley, on leaf litter
of Podocarpus falcatus, 1 Jan. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23282,
culture ex-type CPC 29979 = CBS 143487, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MG386046 and MG386099, MycoBank MB823394).
Colour illustrations. Podocarpus falcatus; conidiophores and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
388
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Fitzroyomyces cyperi
389
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 678 – 20 December 2017
Fitzroyomyces Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the location where it was collected, Fitzroy
Falls, Australia.
Classification — Stictidaceae, Ostropales, Lecanoromycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, immersed, globose, with central ostiole exuding creamy conidial mass; wall of 2–3 layers of pale
brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity,
hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, septate, irregularly branched.
Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical
to ampulliform, hyaline, smooth, proliferating percurrently at
apex. Conidia hyaline, smooth, cylindrical, apex obtuse, base
truncate with or without minute marginal frill, granular, multiseptate, flexuous.
Type species. Fitzroyomyces cyperi Crous.
MycoBank MB823395.
Fitzroyomyces cyperi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Cyperaceae, the substrate from which this
fungus was collected.
Conidiomata pycnidial, immersed, globose, up to 200 µm diam,
with central ostiole exuding creamy conidial mass; wall of 2–3
layers of pale brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining
the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, 1–2-septate,
irregularly branched, 7– 20 × 2 – 3 µm. Conidiogenous cells
terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical to ampulliform, hyaline,
smooth, proliferating percurrently at apex, 5–7 × 1.5–2 µm.
Conidia hyaline, smooth, cylindrical, apex obtuse, base truncate with or without minute marginal frill, granular, multiseptate,
flexuous, (35 –)45–75(–90) × 2(–2.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and
smooth, lobate margins, reaching 25 mm diam after 1 mo at
25 °C. On MEA surface dirty white, reverse apricot. On PDA
surface dirty white, reverse saffron. On OA surface pale luteous.
Notes — Fitzroyomyces is a new genus of coelomycetes that
is septoria-like in morphology, but phylogenetically distinct from
the genera presently known in this complex (see Quaedvlieg
et al. 2013, Verkley et al. 2013).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Phacidiella podocarpi (GenBank NR_137934; Identities
554/648 (85 %), 26 gaps (4 %)), Trullula melanochlora (GenBank KP004459; Identities 568/692 (82 %), 41 gaps (5 %)) and
Phacidiella eucalypti (GenBank EF110620; Identities 507/602
(84 %), 41 gaps (6 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU
sequence were Carestiella socia (GenBank AY661682; Identities 808/862 (94 %), 6 gaps (0 %)), Stictis radiata (GenBank
AY300864; Identities 728/783 (93 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and Conotrema populorum (GenBank AY300833; Identities 800 / 862
(93 %), 11 gaps (1 %)).
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Fitzroy Falls, Morton National Park,
on leaves of Cyperaceae, 26 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23283,
culture ex-type CPC 32209 = CBS 143170, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MG386047 and MG386100, MycoBank MB823396).
Colour illustrations. Fitzroy Falls; conidioma sporulating on SNA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
390
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Zasmidium dasypogonis
Fungal Planet description sheets
391
Fungal Planet 679 – 20 December 2017
Zasmidium dasypogonis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Dasypogon, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth to verruculose,
branched, septate, 2–3 µm hyphae. Conidiophores solitary,
erect, medium brown, smooth, subcylindrical, straight to
geniculous-sinuous, 1–6-septate, 15–100 × 5–8 µm, mostly
unbranched. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary,
subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth, 7–30 × 5–7 µm; scars
sympodial, darkened, thickened, refractive, 2 – 3 µm diam.
Conidia solitary, medium brown, verruculose, subcylindrical,
apex subobtuse, base truncate, hilum thickened, darkened,
refractive, 2 – 3 µm diam, 1– 6-septate, (30 –)35 – 45(– 55) ×
(3.5–)5–6 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margins,
reaching 20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and
reverse pale olivaceous grey, reverse olivaceous grey with diffuse red pigment. On PDA surface and reverse iron-grey, with
diffuse red pigment. On OA surface olivaceous grey with diffuse
red pigment.
Notes — There are no cercosporoid fungi known from Dasypogon. Zasmidium dasypogonis is phylogenetically related
to species that were formerly treated as Ramichloridium. However, the genus Ramichloridium based on the type species
(Ramichloridium apiculatum) is a member of Dissoconiaceae
(Arzanlou et al. 2007), and other ramichloridium-like taxa in
this clade were subsequently placed in the genus Zasmidium
(Videira et al. 2017).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Zasmidium podocarpi (GenBank KY979766; Identities 584/618
(94 %), 9 gaps (1 %)), Z. commune (GenBank KY979762;
Identities 599/634 (94 %), 11 gaps (1 %)) and Z. velutinum (as
Periconiella velutina; GenBank EU041781; Identities 519/554
(94 %), 10 gaps (1 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU
sequence were Z. biverticillatum (as Ramichloridium biverticillatum; GenBank EU041853; Identities 825/840 (98 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)), Z. arcuata (as Periconiella arcuata; GenBank EU041836;
Identities 824 /840 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Z. podocarpi
GenBank KY979821; Identities 787/803 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. auStralia, Western Australia, Denmark, Lights Beach, on Dasypogon sp. (Dasypogonaceae), 19 Sept. 2015, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS
H-23284, culture ex-type CPC 29308 = CBS 143397, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MG386048 and MG386101, MycoBank MB823397).
Colour illustrations. Dasypogon sp.; conidiophores sporulating on PNA,
conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
392
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Neocrinula lambertiae
393
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 680 – 20 December 2017
Neocrinulaceae Crous, fam. nov.
Classification — Neocrinulaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, hyaline to brown,
smooth to verruculose hyphae. Conidiomata sporodochial or
synnematous, hyaline to brown, consisting of densely aggregated conidiophores. Conidiophores hyaline to brown, smooth
to verruculose, subcylindrical, branched, septate. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, with periclinal thickening, cymbiform to
ampulliform or subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth. Conidia solitary,
hyaline, smooth, granular, aggregating in slimy mass, aseptate,
fusoid-ellipsoid, prominently curved, apex subobtuse, base
bluntly rounded to truncate.
Type genus. Neocrinula Crous.
MycoBank MB823467.
Neocrinula lambertiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Lambertia, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, hyaline, smooth,
2–2.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiomata erumpent sporodochia,
up to 350 µm diam, consisting of densely aggregated conidiophores. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical,
branched, multiseptate, up to 70 µm tall, 2–3 µm diam, frequently reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells
phialidic, with periclinal thickening, cymbiform to ampulliform
or subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, 7–15 × 2–3 µm. Conidia
solitary, hyaline, smooth, granular, aggregating in slimy mass,
aseptate, fusoid-ellipsoid, prominently curved, apex subobtuse,
base bluntly rounded, (4 –)7–8(–10) × 2(–3) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margins,
reaching 5 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA and PDA
surface and reverse pale luteous. On OA surface dirty white.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Fitzroy Falls, Morton National
Park, on leaves of Lambertia formosa (Proteaceae), 26 Nov. 2016, P.W.
Crous (holotype CBS H-23285, culture ex-type CPC 32211 = CBS 143423,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG386049 and MG386102, MycoBank
MB823398).
Notes — Neocrinula was recently introduced for a synnematal fungus occurring on Xanthorrhoea in Australia (Crous et
al. 2017a). Neocrinula lambertiae differs from N. xanthorrhoeae
in the sense that it does not form synnemata, but rather forms
sporodochia in culture (although solitary conidiophores when
observed on the host in vivo). The fact that synnemata and
solitary conidiophores could occur in the same genus as has
been noted by Videira et al. (2016) in the Ramularia generic
complex. The phialidic mode of conidiogenesis, and hyaline,
aseptate, fusoid-ellipsoid conidia are the same, suggesting that
N. lambertiae represents the second species of the genus.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Neocrinula xanthorrhoeae (GenBank KY173414; Identities
489/517 (95 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Claussenomyces kirschsteinianus (GenBank KY689628; Identities 470/532 (88 %), 12 gaps
(2 %)) and Davidhawksworthia ilicicola (GenBank KU728517;
Identities 461/520 (89 %), 16 gaps (3 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were Neocrinula xanthorrhoeae
(GenBank KY173505; Identities 874/887 (99 %), no gaps),
Encoeliopsis rhododendri (GenBank KX090801; Identities
798 / 840 (95 %), 13 gaps (1 %)) and Davidhawksworthia
ilicicola (GenBank KU728555; Identities 820/864 (95 %), 13
gaps (1 %)).
Colour illustrations. Fitzroy Falls; conidiomata sporulating on SNA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
394
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Zasmidium gahniicola
Fungal Planet description sheets
395
Fungal Planet 681 – 20 December 2017
Zasmidium gahniicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Gahnia, the host genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of medium brown, verruculose, branched,
septate, 2–2.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect,
straight to flexuous, 70–120 × 2–3.5 µm, thick-walled, dark
brown, finely verruculose, 4–6-septate. Conidiogenous cells
integrated, terminal, subcylindrical, medium brown, finely roughened, 15–40 × 3 µm; scars thickened, darkened, somewhat
refractive, 1 µm diam, arranged in a rachis. Conidia solitary, verruculose, medium brown, subcylindrical, 1(–3)-septate, straight,
apex obtuse, tapering in basal cell to truncate hilum, 1 µm
diam, thickened, darkened, slightly refractive, (9–)13–18(–20)
× (3.5–)4(–5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth,
lobate margins, reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA, PDA and OA surface and reverse iron-grey.
Notes — The only cercosporoid fungus known from Gahnia
is Zasmidium gahniae, occurring on G. lacera and G. setifolia
in New Zealand. It is characterised by having solitary, straight,
cylindrical to narrowly obclavate, pluriseptate conidia (20–300
× 3–5 μm; Braun et al. 2014), and is thus quite distinct from
those of Z. gahniicola.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Zasmidium podocarpi (GenBank KY979766; Identities 507/531
(95 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Z. commune (GenBank KY979762;
Identities 504/533 (95 %), 6 gaps (1 %)) and Z. strelitziae (as
Ramichloridium strelitziae; GenBank EU041803; Identities 499/
532 (94 %), 5 gaps (0 %)). The highest similarities using the
LSU sequence were Z. velutinum (as Periconiella velutina; GenBank EU041838; Identities 811/817 (99 %), no gaps), Z. commune (GenBank KY979820; Identities 804 / 810 (99 %), no
gaps) and Z. arcuata (as Periconiella arcuata; GenBank
EU041836; Identities 830 /837 (99 %), no gaps).
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Barren Grounds Nature Reserve,
on leaves of Gahnia sieberiana (Cyperaceae), 26 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous
(holotype CBS H-23286, culture ex-type CPC 32219 = CBS 143422, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MG386050 and MG386103, MycoBank
MB823399).
Colour illustrations. Gahnia sieberiana; conidiophores sporulating on
SNA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
396
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Pestalotiopsis dianellae
Fungal Planet description sheets
397
Fungal Planet 682 – 20 December 2017
Pestalotiopsis dianellae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Dianella, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Pestalotiopsidaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, globose, separate, immersed to erumpent on banana leaf agar, dark brown to black, 100–350 µm
diam, exuding a globose, dark brown conidial mass. Conidiophores 0 –1-septate, branched at the base, subcylindrical,
mostly reduced to conidiogenous cells, hyaline, smooth, up to
30 µm tall. Conidiogenous cells integrated, ampulliform to subcylindrical, proliferating percurrently at apex, 6–20 × 3–4 µm.
Conidia fusoid, straight, 4-septate, (22–)24–25(–27) × 7(–8)
µm, somewhat constricted at septa, basal cell conic to obconic
with truncate hilum, 3–5 µm long; three median cells 15–19 µm
long, doliiform, verruculose, dark brown, versicoloured, (second
cell from basal cell honey brown, third cell dark brown, fourth
cell honey brown, each cell 5–6 µm long); apical cell cylindrical, hyaline, thin and smooth-walled, 3–6 µm long, with 2–4
tubular apical appendages, each arising from different locus,
swollen at tip, filiform, flexuous, unbranched, 18–45 µm long;
basal appendage single, tubular, unbranched, centric, 5–10
µm long, frequently swollen at tip.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins,
covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface luteous,
reverse sienna. On PDA surface dirty white, reverse ochreous.
On OA surface dirty white.
Notes — Of the species of Pestalotiopsis presently known
from their DNA, P. dianellae is most closely related to P. arceuthobii, P. microspora and P. portugalica, from which it is
morphologically quite distinct. In general, it is more similar to
species with knobbed apical appendages like P. spathulata and
P. theae (Maharachchikumbura et al. 2014), but the latter are
again phylogenetically distinct from P. dianellae, and hence it
is described here as new.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were P. arceuthobii (GenBank NR_147561; Identities 571/579 (99 %), no
gaps), P. microspora (GenBank AF377291; Identities 571/579
(99 %), no gaps) and P. portugalica (GenBank NR_147556;
Identities 570/581 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were P. microspora (GenBank
KY366173; Identities 838/844 (99 %), no gaps), P. knightiae
(GenBank KM116241; Identities 838 /844 (99 %), no gaps) and
P. papuana (GenBank KM116240; Identities 838/844 (99 %),
no gaps). The highest similarities using the tub2 sequence were
P. distincta (GenBank KX895293; Identities 416 /440 (95 %), no
gaps), P. portugalica (GenBank KX895338; Identities 412/441
(93 %), no gaps) and P. monochaeta (GenBank KX642435;
Identities 426 /456 (93 %), 4 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, Mount Best Tin Mine Road, on Dianella sp.
(Liliaceae), 28 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23287, culture extype CPC 32261 = CBS 143421, ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences GenBank
MG386051, MG386104 and MG386164, MycoBank MB823400).
Colour illustrations. Dianella sp.; conidiomata sporulating on banana leaf
agar, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
398
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Codinaea lambertiae
Fungal Planet description sheets
399
Fungal Planet 683 – 20 December 2017
Codinaea lambertiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Lambertia, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales,
Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, septate, branched, 2–3
µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, arising from creeping
hyphae, flexuous, 100–200 × 3 µm, multiseptate, becoming
pale to medium brown in fertile region, mostly unbranched,
rarely branched close to apex. Conidiogenous cells integrated,
apical, rarely intercalary, subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth,
15 – 35 × 2.3 – 5 µm, phialidic with flared apical collarette,
3.5–4.5 µm diam. Conidia solitary, aggregating in slimy mass,
hyaline, smooth, aseptate, curved, fusoid-ellipsoid, guttulate,
apex subacutely rounded, base truncate, 1 µm diam, (13–)14–
15(–18) × (2.5–)3 µm, with single appendage at each end,
flexuous, unbranched, 5 –8 µm long.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margins, reaching
30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface pale olivaceous grey, reverse smoke grey. On PDA surface and reverse
smoke grey. On OA surface iron-grey.
Notes — Codinaea (setulate conidia) is distinguished from
Dictyochaeta (asetulate conidia) (Réblová & Winka 2000), and
thus the present collection is described as a new species of
Codinaea. Phylogenetically, C. lambertiae is part of the C. simplex species complex (Hughes & Kendrick 1968, Crous et al.
2014b), but appears to be distinct based on DNA sequence.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Dictyochaeta simplex (GenBank EF029193; Identities 506/514
(98 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Dictyochaeta fertilis (GenBank AF178540;
Identities 491/501 (98 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and Codinaea pini
(GenBank NR_137943; Identities 490 / 530 (92 %), 20 gaps
(3 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were
Dictyochaeta simplex (GenBank AF178559; Identities 822/831
(99 %), no gaps), Codinaea pini (GenBank KP004493; Identities 826/838 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Chaetosphaeria rivularia
(GenBank KR347357; Identities 810/838 (97 %), 1 gap (0 %)).
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Fitzroy Falls, Morton National
Park, on leaves of Lambertia formosa (Proteaceae), 26 Nov. 2016, P.W.
Crous (holotype CBS H-23288, culture ex-type CPC 32289 = CBS 143419,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG386052 and MG386105, MycoBank
MB823401).
Colour illustrations. Lambertia formosa; conidiophores sporulating on
PNA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
400
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Dothidea eucalypti
Fungal Planet description sheets
401
Fungal Planet 684 – 20 December 2017
Dothidea eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Dothideaceae, Dothideales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata separate, erumpent, pycnidial, brown, 50–250 µm
diam with central ostiole, exuding a crystalline conidial mass;
wall of 3–6 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores
reduced to conidiogenous cells, lining the inner cavity, pale
brown, smooth, doliiform, 6–10 × 4–5 µm, with central phialidic
locus. Conidia hyaline, smooth, guttulate, aseptate, subcylindrical, apex obtuse, base truncate, (7–)8–10(–12) × (2.5–)3
µm. Hyphae 3–5 µm diam, brown, thick-walled, verruculose,
constricted at septa, giving rise to hormonema-like synasexual
morph.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with sparse
to moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margins, reaching 60 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA
surface and reverse greenish black.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, South East Forests National Park, on
leaves of Eucalyptus dalrympleana (Myrtaceae), 28 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous
(holotype CBS H-23290, culture ex-type CPC 32313 = CBS 143417, ITS,
LSU and tef1 sequences GenBank MG386053, MG386106 and MG386152,
MycoBank MB823402).
Notes — Genera in the Dothideaceae commonly form
Dothichiza and hormonema-like morphs in culture (Crous &
Groenewald 2017), which were also seen in cultures of Dothidea eucalypti in this study.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
were Dothidea berberidis (GenBank EU167601; Identities
497/515 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)), Dothidea ribesia (GenBank
KY929142; Identities 501/515 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and Dothidea hippophaeos (GenBank KF147924; Identities 497/515
(97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU
sequence were Dothidea sambuci (GenBank AF382387; Identities 856/857 (99 %), no gaps), Dothidea ribesia (GenBank
KY929175; Identities 855/857 (99 %), no gaps) and Dothidea
insculpta (GenBank NG_027643; Identities 854/856 (99 %), no
gaps). The highest similarities using the tef1 sequence were
Dothidea ribesia (GenBank KY929192; Identities 153 /207
(74 %), 26 gaps (12 %)), Dothiora phillyreae (GenBank
KU728590; Identities 134/179 (75 %), 19 gaps (10 %)) and
Dothiora agapanthi (GenBank KU728578; Identities 160/225
(71 %), 19 gaps (8 %)).
Colour illustrations. South East Forests National Park; conidiomata sporulating on banana leaf agar, conidioma (scale bar = 200 µm), conidiogenous
cells, hormonema-like synasexual morph and conidia (scale bars = 10 µm).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
402
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Verrucoconiothyrium acaciae
403
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 685 – 20 December 2017
Verrucoconiothyrium acaciae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Acacia, the host genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Notes — Verrucoconiothyrium (Crous et al. 2015a) accommodates coniothyrium-like species with verruculose conidia.
Classification — Didymellaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the closest
matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were V. nitidae
(GenBank JN712452; Identities 521/530 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)),
V. eucalyptigenum (GenBank KY979771; Identities 515/531
(97 %), 5 gaps (0 %)) and V. prosopidis (GenBank NR_137604;
Identities 514/ 531 (97 %), 5 gaps (0 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were 99 % to species from
numerous genera in Didymellaceae, e.g., Phoma eupyrena
(GenBank GU238072; Identities 851/854 (99 %), no gaps),
Didymella glomerata (GenBank KX896095; Identities 850/854
(99 %), no gaps) and Peyronellaea calorpreferens (GenBank
LN907448; Identities 850/854 (99 %), no gaps). The highest
similarities using the rpb2 sequence were V. eucalyptigenum
(GenBank KY979852; Identities 790/ 841 (94 %), no gaps),
Nothophoma gossypiicola (GenBank KT389658; Identities
552/595 (93 %), no gaps) and N. infossa (GenBank KT389659;
Identities 532/580 (92 %), no gaps). The highest similarities
using the tub2 sequence were V. eucalyptigenum (GenBank
KY979935; Identities 311/326 (95 %), no gaps), V. nitidae (as
Coniothyrium nitidae; GenBank JN712647; Identities 305/321
(95 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and Nothophoma quercina (GenBank
KU973704; Identities 307/ 328 (94 %), no gaps).
Conidiomata solitary, globose, 100–250 µm diam, brown with
central ostiole, 10–15 µm diam; wall of 3–4 layers of brown
textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous
cells, ampulliform, hyaline, smooth, 5–8 × 5–6 µm, phialidic
with minute percurrent proliferations at apex. Conidia solitary,
aseptate, fusoid-ellipsoid, medium brown, verruculose, apex obtuse to subobtuse, base truncate, 1.5 µm diam, (6.5–)8–9(–10)
× (3–)3.5(–4) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margins, reaching
50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and reverse
saffron with black conidiomata. On PDA surface grey olivaceous, reverse mouse grey. On OA surface pale luteous with
black conidiomata.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Nullica State Forest, on leaves of
Acacia falciformis (Fabaceae), 29 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS
H-23292, culture ex-type CPC 32330 = CBS 143448, ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tub2
sequences GenBank MG386054, MG386107, MG386143 and MG386165,
MycoBank MB823403).
Colour illustrations. Acacia sp.; conidiomata sporulating on PDA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
404
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Stagonospora victoriana
Fungal Planet description sheets
405
Fungal Planet 686 – 20 December 2017
Stagonospora victoriana Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the state of Victoria, Australia, where this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Massarinaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata separate, erumpent, globose, pale brown, 150–
200 µm diam, with central ostiole. Conidiophores reduced
to conidiogenous cells lining inner cavity, hyaline, smooth,
doliiform to ellipsoid, 8 –17 × 7–10 µm, proliferating percurrently near apex. Conidia solitary, fusoid-ellipsoid, hyaline,
smooth, granular, multiseptate, (1–)3-euseptate, apex obtuse,
base bluntly rounded, 4 – 5 µm diam, (28 –)33 – 38(– 45) ×
(9–)11–12(–13) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth to feathery, lobate
margins, covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
pale olivaceous grey, reverse olivaceous grey. On PDA surface
smoke grey, reverse olivaceous grey. On OA surface pale olivaceous grey.
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, Mount Best Tin Mine Road, on Poaceae at
pond, 28 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23294, culture ex-type
CPC 32498 = CBS 143403, ITS, LSU, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank
MG386055, MG386108, MG386153 and MG386166, MycoBank MB823404).
Notes — Quaedvlieg et al. (2013) circumscribed Stagonospora to include species with conidiogenous cells that proliferate percurrently, or via phialides with periclinal thickening, and
conidia that are subcylindrical to fusoid-ellipsoidal. The present
collection is related to species of Stagonospora, clustering
adjacent to S. pseudovitensis (conidia 3-septate, 25–36 × 6–8
µm), from which it is morphologically distinct (Quaedvlieg et al.
2013).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
S. perfecta (GenBank NR_138388; Identities 513/531 (97 %),
3 gaps (0 %)), S. bicolor (as Saccharicola bicolor; GenBank
KP276515; Identities 459 /476 (96 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and
S. pseudovitensis (GenBank KF251262; Identities 512 / 532
(96 %), 4 gaps (0 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were S. pseudovitensis (GenBank KF251765; Identities
834/837 (99 %), no gaps), S. perfecta (GenBank AB807579;
Identities 844 / 848 (99 %), no gaps) and S. trichophoricola
(GenBank KJ869168; Identities 835 /840 (99 %), no gaps). The
highest similarities using the tef1 sequence were distant hits
with Helminthosporium tiliae (GenBank KY984457; Identities
248 /308 (81 %), 21 gaps (6 %)), H. oligosporum (GenBank
KY984451; Identities 218 / 266 (82 %), 17 gaps (6 %)) and
H. microsorum (GenBank KY984448; Identities 214/ 262 (82 %),
14 gaps (5 %)). The highest similarities using the tub2 sequence
were distant hits with S. pseudovitensis (GenBank KF252744;
Identities 271/305 (89 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), S. chrysopyla (GenBank KM033943; Identities 385 /446 (86 %), 11 gaps (2 %))
and Corynespora cassiicola (GenBank KU605322; Identities
310/384 (81 %), 16 gaps (4 %)).
Colour illustrations. Pond at Mount Best Tin Mine Road; conidiomata
sporulating on OA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
406
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Didymella acaciae
Fungal Planet description sheets
407
Fungal Planet 687 – 20 December 2017
Didymella acaciae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Acacia, the host genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Didymellaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary, globose, 80 –150 µm diam
on SNA, up to 350 µm diam on OA with 1–2 ostioles, ostiole
papillate, 40–50 µm diam; wall of 3–4 layers of pale to medium
brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform
to globose, 4–6 × 4–6 µm, proliferating percurrently at apex.
Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, guttulate to granular, straight,
medianly 1-septate, cylindrical, apex obtuse, base truncate,
1.5–3 µm diam, (16–)18–21(–25) × (3–)3.5(–4) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins, reaching
50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
and reverse brown vinaceous.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Merimbula, on leaves of Acacia
melanoxylon (Fabaceae), 28 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23295,
culture ex-type CPC 32504 = CBS 143404, ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1 and tub2
sequences GenBank MG386056, MG386109, MG386144, MG386154 and
MG386167, MycoBank MB823425).
Notes — Didymella acaciae is closely related to several
genera, including Verrucoconiothyrium, Didymella, Paraboeremia and Peyronellaea (Chen et al. 2015). Didymella acaciae is
phoma-like in morphology, suggesting that it would be better
suited in Didymella for the present. However, additional taxa,
and more informative genes are required to fully resolve its
placement within this generic complex.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Verrucoconiothyrium nitidae (GenBank KX306774; Identities 523/535 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), V. prosopidis (GenBank
NR_137604; Identities 523/536 (98 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and
V. eucalyptigenum (GenBank KY979771; Identities 520/536
(97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU
sequence were 99 % to species from numerous genera in
Didymellaceae, e.g., Didymella sinensis (GenBank KY742239;
Identities 853/854 (99 %), no gaps), Paraboeremia oligotrophica (GenBank KX829040; Identities 853/854 (99 %), no gaps)
and Peyronellaea combreti (GenBank KJ869191; Identities
853/854 (99 %), no gaps). The highest similarities using the
rpb2 sequence were V. eucalyptigenum (GenBank KY979852;
Identities 685 /729 (94 %), no gaps), Nothophoma infossa
(GenBank KT389659; Identities 545/592 (92 %), no gaps)
and N. arachidis-hypogaeae (GenBank KT389656; Identities
547/595 (92 %), no gaps). The highest similarities using the tef1
sequence were V. eucalyptigenum (GenBank KY979904; Identities 202/221 (91 %), 8 gaps (3 %)), N. quercina (as Phoma
fungicola; GenBank KC357259; Identities 199/222 (90 %), 10
gaps (4 %)) and Ascochyta pisi (GenBank DQ386494; Identities 189/211 (90 %), 5 gaps (2 %)). The highest similarities
using the tub2 sequence were V. eucalyptigenum (GenBank
KY979935; Identities 176/187 (94 %), no gaps), N. quercina
(GenBank KU973706; Identities 173/184 (94 %), no gaps) and
Allophoma zantedeschiae (GenBank KX033401; Identities
175/187 (94 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Acacia melanoxylon; conidiomata sporulating on PNA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10
µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
408
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Saccharata hakeigena
Fungal Planet description sheets
409
Fungal Planet 688 – 20 December 2017
Saccharata hakeigena Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Hakea, the host genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Saccharataceae, Botryosphaeriales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata separate, pycnidial, globose, dark brown, 150–250
µm diam, with central ostiole; wall of 3–8 layers of brown textura
angularis. Conidiophores 0–2-septate, subcylindrical, hyaline,
smooth, branched or not, 20–30 × 5–6 µm. Conidiogenous cells
mostly terminal, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, 15–20 × 3–4
µm, proliferating percurrently at apex. Paraphyses intermingled
among conidiophores, subcylindrical, branched, up to 40 µm
long, 3–5 µm diam. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, guttulate,
granular, aseptate, fusoid-ellipsoid, apex obtuse, base truncate,
4 µm diam, (25–)27–33(–35) × (6–)7–8 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and feathery margins, reaching 30 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface smoke
grey, reverse olivaceous grey.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Nullica State Forest, on Hakea sericea (Proteaceae), 29 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23296, culture
ex-type CPC 32520 = CBS 143405, ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tef1 sequences
GenBank MG386057, MG386110, MG386145 and MG386155, MycoBank
MB823405).
Notes — Species of the genus Saccharata are commonly
known to occur on species of Proteaceae and Myrtaceae in the
southern hemisphere (Marincowitz et al. 2008). Two species
are known from Hakea, namely S. hakeicola (conidia aseptate,
(23–)27–29(–32) × (5–)5.5(–6) μm), and S. hakeae (conidia
aseptate, (24 –)28 – 31(– 33) × (6.5 –)7– 8 μm). Saccharata
hakeigena is morphologically similar to S. hakeae, but can be
distinguished based on the presence of paraphyses (absent in
S. hakeae), and its DNA phylogeny.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
S. hakeae (GenBank KY173452; Identities 538/558 (96 %), 3 gaps
(0 %)), Septorioides strobi (GenBank KT884694; Identities
400/436 (92 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and S. eucalyptorum (GenBank
KY173451; Identities 514/ 561 (92 %), 20 gaps (3 %)). The
highest similarities using the LSU sequence were S. capensis
(GenBank KF766390; Identities 834/856 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)),
S. intermedia (GenBank GU229889; Identities 830/854 (97 %),
2 gaps (0 %)) and S. kirstenboschensis (GenBank FJ372409;
Identities 827/851 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). The highest similarities using the rpb2 sequence were S. daviesiae (GenBank
KY173589; Identities 678/849 (80 %), 33 gaps (3 %)) and
Septorioides pini-thunbergii (GenBank KX464075; Identities
385/496 (78 %), 15 gaps (3 %)). The highest similarities using
the tef1 sequence were S. banksiae (GenBank KY173596; Identities 173/217 (80 %), 14 gaps (6 %)) and Septorioides proteae
(GenBank KF531789; Identities 148/181 (82 %), 9 gaps (4 %)).
Colour illustrations. Bankia sp. growing intermixed with Hakea sericea;
conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
410
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Anungitea nullicana
Fungal Planet description sheets
411
Fungal Planet 689 – 20 December 2017
Anungitea nullicana Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Nullica State Forest, Australia, where this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Phlogicylindriaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate, 3–
3.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect, subcylindrical, mostly unbranched, medium brown, smooth, 50–100
× 3 – 4 µm, 4 – 8-septate. Conidiogenous cells terminal and
intercalary, pale brown, subcylindrical with terminal clusters of
denticulate-like sympodial loci, 2 µm diam, not thickened nor
darkened, 10–15 × 2 µm, conidiogenous head up to 10 µm
diam. Ramoconidia uncommon, pale brown with terminal head
of sympodial loci, 12–22 × 2 µm, head up to 10 µm diam. Conidia in long unbranched chains, hyaline, smooth, cylindrical
with truncate ends, medianly 1-septate, with 2 large guttules
per cell, (12 –)14–17(– 20) × 2.5(–3) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins, reaching 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
amber, reverse chestnut. On PDA surface and reverse chestnut.
On OA surface buff in centre, isabelline in outer zone.
Notes — Anungitea is characterised by species with pigmented, solitary conidiophores, bearing a head with denticles
with flattened conidiogenous scars that are neither unthickened
nor darkened, and chains of cylindrical, 1-septate subhyaline
conidia (Sutton 1973). Anungitea nullicana (conidia 1-septate,
(12–)14–17(– 20) × 2.5(–3) µm) is morphologically similar to
A. eucalyptigena (conidia 0 –1-septate, (11–)14 –16(–18) ×
(2–)2.5(–3) μm) and A. eucalyptorum (conidia 0–1-septate,
(13–)14–15(–17) × 2.5(–3) μm) (Crous et al. 2014a), and these
species are best distinguished based on their DNA data.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
A. eucalyptigena (GenBank KY173383; Identities 561/570
(98 %), no gaps), A. grevilleae (GenBank KX228252; Identities 543/571 (95 %), 11 gaps (1 %)) and A. eucalyptorum
(GenBank NR_132904; Identities 540/570 (95 %), 12 gaps
(2 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were
A. eucalyptigena (GenBank KY173477; Identities 818/821 (99 %),
no gaps), Phlogicylindrium eucalypti (GenBank DQ923534;
Identities 836/842 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and A. eucalyptorum
(GenBank KJ869176; Identities 833/841 (99 %), no gaps).
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Nullica State Forest, on leaf litter
of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 29 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS
H-23297, culture ex-type CPC 32528 = CBS 143406, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MG386058 and MG386111, MycoBank MB823406).
Colour illustrations. Nullica State Forest; conidiophores sporulating on
PNA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
412
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Sympoventuria melaleucae
413
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 690 – 20 December 2017
Sympoventuria melaleucae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Melaleuca, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Sympoventuriaceae, Venturiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of smooth, pale brown, septate, branched,
2–3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous
loci on hyphae, 3–7 × 2–3 µm; scars truncate, unthickened, not
darkened, 1–1.5 µm diam. Conidia in long, branched chains,
pale brown, smooth, fusoid-ellipsoid, 0–1-septate, prominently
guttulate, (8–)11–17(–25) × 2–3 µm; hila truncate, unthickened,
1–2 µm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins, reaching 20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA
surface amber, reverse chestnut.
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne
Gardens, on leaves of Melaleuca sp. (Proteaceae), 2 Dec. 2016, P.W. Crous
(holotype CBS H-23298, culture ex-type CPC 32576 = CBS 143407, ITS,
LSU and tub2 sequences GenBank MG386059, MG386112 and MG386168,
MycoBank MB823407).
Notes — Sympoventuria was introduced for a venturia-like
ascomycete with a distinct hyphomycete asexual morph occurring on Eucalyptus leaf litter in South Africa (Crous et al.
2007). Sympoventuria melaleucae adds one additional taxon
to the genus, this time occurring on Proteaceae, but again
collected in the southern hemisphere. Sympoventuria melaleucae (conidia 0–1-septate, (8–)11–17(– 25) × 2–3 µm) can
be distinguished from S. capensis (conidia (1–)3(–5)-septate,
10–65 × 2.5–5 μm; Crous et al. 2007), in that it has smaller,
0–1-septate conidia.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
were S. capensis (GenBank NR_121323; Identities 521/563
(93 %), 8 gaps (1 %)) and Fusicladium africanum (GenBank
EU035424; Identities 514/565 (91 %), 8 gaps (1 %)). The
highest similarities using the LSU sequence were S. capensis
(GenBank KF156104; Identities 785/790 (99 %), no gaps), Scolecobasidium excentricum (GenBank KF156105; Identities
782/ 790 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Fusicladium africanum
(GenBank EU035424; Identities 838 / 850 (99 %), no gaps).
No significant hits were found when the tub2 sequence was
used in a blast search.
Colour illustrations. Melaleuca sp.; conidiophores sporulating on PNA,
conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Tom W. May, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Avenue, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
e-mail: tom.may@rbg.vic.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
414
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Saccharata epacridis
Fungal Planet description sheets
415
Fungal Planet 691 – 20 December 2017
Saccharata epacridis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Epacris, the host genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Saccharataceae, Botryosphaeriales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, globose, erumpent, dark brown, 200–
250 µm diam, with central ostiole; wall of 3–8 layers of brown
textura angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity, hyaline,
smooth, 0–2-septate, subcylindrical, branched, 15–30 × 3–4
µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, 10–15 × 3–4 µm, proliferating percurrently
at apex. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, aseptate, fusoidellipsoid, guttulate, apex subacutely rounded, base truncate,
1–2 µm diam, (17–)20–22(–25) × (3–)3.5(–4) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins, covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface dirty
white, reverse saffron. On PDA surface dirty white, reverse
olivaceous grey. On OA surface saffron.
Notes — Saccharata epacridis (conidia aseptate, (17–)
20–22(–25) × (3–)3.5(–4) µm) is phylogenetically related to
S. lambertiae (conidia (0 –)1(– 2)-septate, (9 –)20 – 23(– 25)
× (4 –) 5 – 6(–7) μm) and S. petrophiles (conidia aseptate,
(15–)28–33(–35) × (4.5–)5(–5.5) μm; Crous et al. 2016a),
but can be distinguished based on conidium morphology and
DNA phylogeny.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Saccharata ‘sp. 1’ (GenBank JN225922; Identities 499 / 502
(99 %), no gaps), S. kirstenboschensis (GenBank NR_137021;
Identities 488/504 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and S. lambertiae
(GenBank KY173459; Identities 465 /482 (96 %), no gaps).
The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were S. lambertiae (GenBank KY173549; Identities 826/827 (99 %), no
gaps), S. petrophiles (GenBank KY173553; Identities 804/805
(99 %), no gaps) and S. proteae (GenBank KX464546; Identities 845/849 (99 %), no gaps).
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, Mount Best Tin Mine Road, on Epacris sp.
(Ericaceae), 28 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23299, culture
ex-type CPC 32594 = CBS 143408, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MG386060 and MG386113, MycoBank MB823408).
Colour illustrations. Mount Best Tin Mine Road; conidiomata sporulating
on OA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
416
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Cladoriella xanthorrhoeae
Fungal Planet description sheets
417
Fungal Planet 692 – 20 December 2017
Cladoriellales Crous, ord. nov.
MycoBank MB823435.
Cladoriellaceae Crous, fam. nov.
MycoBank MB823436.
Classification — Cladoriellaceae, Cladoriellales, Dothideomycetes.
The diagnosis of the order Cladoriellales and family Cladoriellaceae is based on the type genus, Cladoriella.
Type genus. Cladoriella Crous.
External hyphae coiling on the leaf surface, medium to dark
brown, thick-walled, smooth to finely verruculose, branched,
septate, with swollen cells giving rise to conidiophores; hyphododium-like structures present, simple, intercalary. Conidio-
phores separate, erect, medium to dark brown, smooth to
finely verruculose, thick-walled, subcylindrical, straight, septate.
Conidiogenous cells terminal or intercalary, mono- or polytretic,
sympodial, with 1–2 conspicuous loci, thickened, darkened,
refractive, with a minute central pore. Conidia frequently remaining attached in long acropetal chains, simple or branched,
narrowly ellipsoidal to cylindrical or fusoid, septate, medium
brown, thick-walled, finely verruculose, apical conidium with
rounded apex, additional conidia with truncate, conspicuous
hila; thickened, darkened, refractive, with a minute central pore.
Chlamydospores absent. Sexual morph unknown.
Cladoriella xanthorrhoeae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Xanthorrhoea, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Mycelium consisting of medium brown, smooth, septate, branched, 2–3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores integrated, arising as
terminal ends of hyphae, with conidiogenous cells integrated,
subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth, 5 –10 × 2 – 2.5 µm.
Conidia arranged in branched, erect chains. Ramoconidia
fusoid-ellipsoid or subcylindrical, 0–1-septate, medium brown,
finely verruculose, 11–20 × 3–5 µm. Conidia fusoid-ellipsoid,
medium brown, finely verruculose, medianly (0–)1(–2)-septate,
(10–)12–15(–20) × (2.5–)3–4 µm; hila thickened, darkened,
and refractive, 1.5–2 µm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins,
reaching 8 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and
OA surface brown vinaceous, reverse chestnut, with diffuse
vinaceous pigment in agar.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Nullica State Forest, on Xanthorrhoea
sp. (Asphodelaceae), 29 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23300,
culture ex-type CPC 32432 = CBS 143398, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MG386061 and MG386114, MycoBank MB823409); additional culture CPC
32714, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG386062 and MG386115.
Notes — Cladoriella was established to accommodate a
cladosporium-like genus occurring on Eucalyptus leaf litter in
South Africa (Crous et al. 2006). Of the species presently known,
C. xanthorrhoeae (conidia fusoid-ellipsoid, (0–)1(–2)-septate,
(10–)12–15(–20) × (2.5–)3–4 µm) is related to, but distinct
from C. rubrigena (conidia 0 –1-septate, (11–)14 –17(– 20) ×
3.5–4.2 μm) and C. eucalypti (conidia 1–3-septate, (8–)15–
20(–25) × 2–2.5(–3) μm; Cheewangkoon et al. 2009). This is
the first record of a species of Cladoriella occurring on a host
other than Eucalyptus.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
C. rubrigena (GenBank GQ303273; Identities 498/552 (90 %),
15 gaps (2 %)), C. eucalypti (GenBank EU040224; Identities
485/537 (90 %), 15 gaps (2 %)) and C. paleospora (GenBank
NR_132833; Identities 309/360 (86 %), 12 gaps (3 %)). The
highest similarities using the LSU sequence were C. rubrigena
(GenBank GQ303304; Identities 837/ 851 (98 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)), C. eucalypti (GenBank EU040224; Identities 831/846
(98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Kellermania micranthae (GenBank
NG_042706; Identities 792/853 (93 %), 16 gaps (1 %)).
Colour illustrations. Dead leaves of Xanthorrhoea sp.; conidiophores
sporulating on PNA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
418
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Alfaria dandenongensis
Fungal Planet description sheets
419
Fungal Planet 693 – 20 December 2017
Alfaria dandenongensis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the Dandenong Ranges, Australia, where this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata sporodochial, black with slimy conidial masses,
surrounded by dark brown setae; conidiomata up to 300 µm
diam, basal stroma of hyaline textura epidermoidea, giving rise
to a dense complex of conidiophores and setae. Setae flexuous,
surrounding sporodochium, unbranched, thick-walled, apex obtuse, dark brown, verruculose to warty, multiseptate, 100–200
× 6–9 µm. Conidiophores densely aggregated, arising from
hyaline basal stroma, becoming pigmented and verruculose
towards conidiogenous region, subcylindrical, 2 – 5-septate,
branched, 25–60 × 3–4 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated,
terminal and lateral, subcylindrical, becoming pigmented and
verruculose at upper region, proliferating percurrently, 10–17 ×
3–4 µm. Conidia solitary, cylindrical, straight, apex subobtuse,
base truncate, 1–1.5 µm diam, aseptate, guttulate, granular,
verruculose, olivaceous brown, (8–)9–11(–12) × (2–)2.5–3 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins,
reaching 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
dirty white, reverse amber. On PDA surface and reverse pale
luteous. On OA surface pale luteous.
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, Melbourne, Dandenong Ranges, Silvan Reservoir Park, leaf litter of Cyperaceae, 1 Dec. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype
CBS H-23301, culture ex-type CPC 32450 = CBS 143399, ITS, LSU, cmdA
and rpb2 sequences GenBank MG386063, MG386116, MG386135 and
MG386146, MycoBank MB823410).
Notes — Alfaria was originally established for a genus of
ascomycetes causing a disease on Cyperus esculentus in
Spain (Crous et al. 2014a). In a subsequent study, Lombard
et al. (2016) added several species which are phylogenetically related to A. dandenongensis (conidia (8 –)9 –11(–12)
× (2–)2.5–3 µm), namely A. ossiformis (conidia 5–7 × 2–3
μm) and A. putrefolia (cultures sterile; Lombard et al. 2016).
Phylogenetically, however, A. dandenongensis is also distinct
from other taxa in the genus.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
were A. putrefolia (GenBank KU845985; Identities 562/568
(99 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Xepiculopsis graminea (as Myrothecium
gramineum; GenBank JX406554; Identities 496/504 (98 %), 2
gaps (0 %)) and A. ossiformis (GenBank NR_145068; Identities
561/572 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)). The highest similarities using
the LSU sequence were A. ossiformis (GenBank KU845993;
Identities 822/822 (100 %), no gaps), A. terrestris (GenBank
KU845996; Identities 821/822 (99 %), no gaps) and A. putrefolia (GenBank KU845995; Identities 817/822 (99 %), 1 gap
(0 %)). The highest similarities using the cmdA sequence were
with A. ossiformis (GenBank KU845977; Identities 443/503
(88 %), 9 gaps (1 %)), A. terrestris (GenBank KU845978; Identities 401/443 (91 %), 6 gaps (1 %)) and A. thymi (GenBank
KU845981; Identities 386/430 (90 %), 8 gaps (1 %)). The
highest similarities using the rpb2 sequence were A. putrefolia
(GenBank KU846003; Identities 688 / 724 (95 %), no gaps),
A. ossiformis (GenBank KU846002; Identities 667/724 (92 %),
no gaps) and A. terrestris (GenBank KU846005; Identities
643/720 (89 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Silvan Reservoir Park; conidiomata sporulating on
OA, setae, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars =
10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
David Smith, Agriculture, Energy & Resources, Agriculture and Rural Division, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources,
Unit 3, 2 Codrington St, Cranbourne Victoria 3977, Australia; e-mail: david.smith@ecodev.vic.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
420
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Pseudodactylaria xanthorrhoeae
421
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 694 – 20 December 2017
Pseudodactylariales Crous, ord. nov.
MycoBank MB823468.
Pseudodactylariaceae Crous, fam. nov.
MycoBank MB823469.
Classification — Pseudodactylariaceae, Pseudodactylariales, Sordariomycetes.
The diagnosis of the order Pseudodactylariales and family
Pseudodactylariaceae is based on the type genus, Pseudodactylaria.
Type genus. Pseudodactylaria Crous.
Pseudodactylaria Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to its morphological similarity to the genus
Dactylaria.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate
hyphae. Conidiophores erect, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, straight to flexuous, unbranched, thick-walled, septate.
Conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated, subcylindrical with
apical taper; apical part forming a rachis with numerous aggregated cylindrical denticles; scars cicatrized, not thickened
nor darkened, refractive if viewed from above. Conidia solitary,
aggregating in slimy mass, fusoid-ellipsoid, hyaline, smooth,
surrounded by a thin mucilaginous sheath, prominently guttulate, medianly 1-septate, apex subobtuse, base truncate,
somewhat refractive.
Type species. Pseudodactylaria xanthorrhoeae Crous.
MycoBank MB823411.
Pseudodactylaria xanthorrhoeae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Xanthorrhoea, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate,
2–3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores erect, hyaline, smooth,
subcylindrical, straight to flexuous, unbranched, thick-walled,
1–3-septate, 20–50 × 4–5 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal,
integrated, subcylindrical with apical taper, 15–30 × 3–4 µm;
apical part forming a rachis with numerous aggregated cylindrical denticles, 1–3 × 1 µm; scars cicatrized, not thickened nor
darkened, refractive if viewed from above. Conidia solitary,
aggregating in slimy mass, fusoid-ellipsoid, hyaline, smooth,
surrounded by a thin mucilaginous sheath, prominently guttulate, medianly 1-septate, apex subobtuse, base truncate,
1–1.5 µm diam, somewhat refractive, (20 –)22 – 27(– 33) ×
(3–)3.5(–4) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margins, reaching 20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA
and PDA surface amber to isabelline, reverse isabelline. On
OA surface amber to isabelline, reverse hazel.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Nullica State Forest, on Xanthorrhoea
sp. (Asphodelaceae), 29 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23302,
culture ex-type CPC 32430 = CBS 143414, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MG386064 and MG386117, MycoBank MB823412); additional culture CPC
32714.
Notes — Pseudodactylaria resembles species of Dactylaria
(hyaline conidiophores and septate, hyaline conidia formed on
denticles; De Hoog 1985), but can be distinguished by having
1-septate conidia encased in a mucoid sheath, which is absent
in species of Dactylaria s.str. Furthermore, Pseudodactylaria
represents an undescribed family and order, which are also
introduced here as Pseudodactylariaceae and Pseudodactylariales, respectively.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
distant hits with unidentified Sordariomycetes and Pseudobotrytis terrestris (GenBank KF733463; Identities 496/562 (88 %),
18 gaps (3 %)), Cercophora solaris (GenBank KX171948;
Identities 498/566 (88 %), 25 gaps (4 %)) and Cercophora
sulphurella (GenBank AY587913; Identities 497/568 (88 %), 25
gaps (4 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence
were Dactylaria hyalotunicata (GenBank EU107298; Identities 826/835 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Melanocarpus albomyces
(GenBank JQ067902; Identities 790/835 (95 %), 2 gaps (0 %))
and Achaetomium strumarium (GenBank AY681170; Identities
786/833 (94 %), 3 gaps (0 %)).
Pseudodactylaria hyalotunicata (K.M. Tsuí et al.) Crous,
comb. nov. — MycoBank MB823413
Basionym. Dactylaria hyalotunicata K.M. Tsuí et al., Sydowia 49: 182.
1997.
Colour illustrations. Dead leaves of Xanthorrhoea sp.; conidiophores
sporulating on PNA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
422
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Pilidium anglicum
423
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 695 – 20 December 2017
Chaetomellales Crous & Denman, ord. nov.
MycoBank MB823491.
Classification – Chaetomellaceae, Chaetomellales, Leotiomycetes.
Ascomata apothecial, immersed to erumpent, sessile to substipitate; hymenium plane to convex, whitish, exterior ochraceous
to red-brown, hairless or with scattered, long brown setae.
Setae absent (Pilidium) or present (Chaetomella), dark brown,
thick-walled, septate, smooth, apically subclavate, straight or
curled at apex. Paraphyses simple, apically branched. Asci
8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, with rounded, thick-walled, inamyloid apex. Ascospores hyaline, ellipsoid-fusoid, aseptate.
Asexual morph dimorphic. Pycnidial morph sessile, dark brown
to black, usually opening by fissures. Sporodochial morph sessile to long-stalked; conidiomata with or without brown setae.
Conidiogenous cells phialidic. Conidia straight to falcate with
pointed ends, 0–1-septate. Parasitic or saprobic on leaves,
herbaceous stems and fruits of dicots.
Chaetomellaceae Baral, P.R. Johnst. & Rossman, Index Fungorum 225: 1. 2015
Type genus. Chaetomella Fuckel.
Notes — Although formerly seen as a family of Helotiales, the
Chaetomellaceae represent a phylogenetically distinct order in
the Leotiomycetes, presently including the genera Chaetomella
and Pilidium.
Pilidium anglicum Crous & Denman, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the country where this species was collected,
England.
Conidiomata pycnidial, globose, medium brown, superficial,
solitary, smooth, 200–400 µm diam; wall of 3–4 layers of medium brown textura angularis. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth,
subcylindrical, branched, 1– 2-septate, 15 – 22 × 2.5 – 4 µm.
Conidiogenous cells terminal, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical,
phialidic with periclinal thickening, 10–15 × 1.5–2 µm. Conidia
hyaline, smooth, aseptate, guttulate, fusiform, falcate, apex
acutely rounded, base truncate, 1 µm diam, (12–)13–14(–15)
× 1.5(–2) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margins, reaching 50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA
surface ochreous in centre, amber in outer zone, with diffuse
amber pigment, and reverse chestnut. On PDA surface buff,
reverse chestnut. On OA surface buff.
Typus. uk, England, Upton Grey, on leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 30 Dec. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23303, culture ex-type
CPC 32486 = CBS 143402, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG386065
and MG386118, MycoBank MB823414).
Notes — Pilidium (Hainesia synasexual morphs, and Discohainesia sexual morphs) was recently treated by Rossman
et al. (2004) and Marin-Felix et al. (2017). Pilidium anglicum
is phylogenetically closely related to P. acerinum (conidia
8.5–14.5 × 1.5–2.5 μm; Rossman et al. 2004) and P. eucalyptorum (conidia 5–8 × 1.5–2.5 µm; Crous et al. 2015c), though
these species have smaller conidia than those of P. anglicum
(conidia 12 –15 × 1.5–2 µm).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
P. acerinum (GenBank NR_119500; Identities 461/471 (98 %),
2 gaps (0 %)), P. concavum (GenBank AY487094; Identities
452/470 (96 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and P. eucalyptorum (GenBank
KT950854; Identities 448/465 (96 %), 1 gaps (0 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were P. acerinum (GenBank AY487092; Identities 833/841 (99 %), no gaps), P. eucalyptorum (GenBank KT950868; Identities 789/798 (99 %),
no gaps) and P. concavum (GenBank KF255414; Identities
824/847 (99 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Upton Grey; conidiomata sporulating on banana leaf
agar, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Sandra Denman, Forest Research, Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham, GU10 4LH, Surrey, UK; e-mail: Sandra.Denman@forestry.gsi.gov.uk
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
424
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Sympoventuria regnans
Fungal Planet description sheets
425
Fungal Planet 696 – 20 December 2017
Sympoventuria regnans Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus regnans, the host species from
which this fungus was collected.
Classification — Sympoventuriaceae, Venturiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of smooth, pale brown, septate, branched,
2 – 3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores erect, subcylindrical,
medium brown, smooth, mostly unbranched, 0 – 2-septate,
7–25 × 3–4 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, subcylindrical,
medium brown, smooth, 10–17 × 3–4 µm; apex with one to
several sympodial loci, thickened, darkened, somewhat refractive, 1 µm diam. Conidia occurring in long chains, rarely
branched. Ramoconidia uncommon, medium brown, smooth,
fusoid-ellipsoid to subcylindrical, 0–1-septate, 10–20 × 3–4
µm. Conidia medium brown, smooth, guttulate, fusoid-ellipsoid,
0–1-septate, (8–)10–15(–20) × (2.5–)3 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins,
reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and
OA surface amber, reverse chestnut.
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, La Trobe State Forest, on leaves of Eucalyptus
regnans (Myrtaceae), 30 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23304,
culture ex-type CPC 32720 = CBS 143411, ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences
GenBank MG386066, MG386119 and MG386169, MycoBank MB823415).
Notes — Sympoventuria regnans is phylogenetically closely
related to Fusicladium eucalypticola (on Eucalyptus robusta, La
Réunion, conidia fusoid-ellipsoid, (5–)7–10(–12) × (2.5–)3(–4)
µm; Crous et al. 2016b) and F. eucalypti (on Eucalyptus sp.,
Queensland, Australia, conidia (7–)8–9(–10) × (2–)2.5(–3) µm;
Crous et al. 2010), but can be distinguished based on its larger
conidia (8–20 × 2.5–3 µm). Further studies are presently underway to address the taxonomy of the genus Sympoventuria.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
were Fusicladium eucalypti (GenBank HQ599600; Identities
560/584 (96 %), 5 gaps (0 %)), Fusicladium eucalypticola (GenBank NR_145402; Identities 517/538 (96 %), 4 gaps (0 %))
and Fusicladium africanum (GenBank EU035424; Identities
483/597 (81 %), 31 gaps (5 %)). The highest similarities using
the LSU sequence were Fusicladium eucalypticola (GenBank
KX228329; Identities 841/852 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Fusicladium
eucalypti (GenBank HQ599601; Identities 840/852 (99 %),
1 gap (0 %)) and Fusicladium africanum (GenBank EU035424;
Identities 797/853 (93 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). No significant hits
were found when the tub2 sequence was used in a blast search.
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus regnans at La Trobe State Forest; conidiophores sporulating on PNA, and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
426
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Stagonospora lomandrae
Fungal Planet description sheets
427
Fungal Planet 697 – 20 December 2017
Stagonospora lomandrae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Lomandra, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Massarinaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata immersed, pycnidial, 200–300 µm diam, globose,
brown, with central ostiole, 30 – 40 µm diam, substomatal;
wall of 3–4 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores
reduced to conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline,
smooth, ampulliform, phialidic with percurrent proliferation at
apex, 8–12 × 4–6 µm. Conidia (18–)19–21(–22) × (5–)6 µm,
solitary, hyaline, smooth, prominently guttulate, subcylindrical,
straight, apex obtuse, base truncate, 2 µm diam, 2-septate,
with a septum a third in from each end. Microconidia in same
conidioma, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, ellipsoid, apex obtuse,
base truncate. Ascomata similar to conidiomata in anatomy.
Pseudoparaphyses intermingled among asci, hyaline, smooth,
septate, branched, hyphae-like, 2–3 µm diam, constricted at
septa. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, narrowly ellipsoid
to slightly clavate, 60–80 × 15–17 µm. Ascospores triseriate,
fusoid-ellipsoid, hyaline to pale brown with thin mucoid sheath,
constricted at median septum, developing two additional septa
in apical cell (which is swollen and wider than basal cell), and
one septum in basal cell, (18 –)20–25(–27) × (5–)7(–8) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate to abundant aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins, covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface dirty
white, reverse saffron. On PDA surface olivaceous grey, reverse
luteous. On OA surface dirty white.
Notes — Stagonospora was revised by Quaedvlieg et al.
(2013). Stagonospora lomandrae is phylogenetically related to S. pseudoperfecta (ascospores 21–30.5 × 5–7 μm,
1-septate, with mucoid sheath, conidia aseptate, 21.5–26 ×
4–5.5 μm; Tanaka et al. 2015) and S. trichophoricola (conidia
1–3(–4)-septate, (12–)18–22(–25) × 4(–5) μm; Crous et al.
2014a), but is morphologically and phylogenetically distinct.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
were Stagonospora bicolor (as Saccharicola bicolor ; GenBank
KP117300; Identities 485/497 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)), S. trichophoricola (GenBank KJ869110; Identities 518/531 (98 %), 4 gaps
(0 %)) and S. pseudoperfecta (GenBank AB809641; Identities
485/499 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)). The highest similarities using
the LSU sequence S. forlicesenensis (GenBank KX655547;
Identities 854/857 (99 %), no gaps), S. pseudoperfecta (GenBank AB807577; Identities 845 /849 (99 %), no gaps) and
S. trichophoricola (GenBank KJ869168; Identities 836/840
(99 %), no gaps). The highest similarities using the rpb2 sequence were distant hits with Neottiosporina paspali (GenBank
GU371779; Identities 749 /848 (88 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Helminthosporium microsorum (GenBank KY984390; Identities 718/848 (85 %), no gaps) and H. quercinum (GenBank
KY984398; Identities 712/848 (84 %), no gaps). The highest
similarities using the tef1 sequence were distant hits with H. oligosporum (GenBank KY984451; Identities 226/269 (84 %), 12
gaps (4 %)), H. tiliae (GenBank KY984457; Identities 224/269
(83 %), 12 gaps (4 %)) and H. quercinum (GenBank KY984454;
Identities 219/267 (82 %), 13 gaps (4 %)).
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Sussex Inlet, on leaves of Lomandra longifolia (Asparagaceae), 27 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS
H-23307, culture ex-type CPC 32073 = CBS 143447, ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tef1
sequences GenBank MG386067, MG386120, MG386147 and MG386156,
MycoBank MB823416).
Colour illustrations. Lomandra longifolia at Sussex Inlet; ascomata sporulating on OA, asci and pseudoparaphyses, conidiogenous cells and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
428
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Trichomerium eucalypti
Fungal Planet description sheets
429
Fungal Planet 698 – 20 December 2017
Trichomerium eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Trichomeriaceae, Chaetothyriales, Eurotiomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of smooth, branched, septate, 4–5 µm
diam, brown hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous
loci on hyphae, inconspicuous, 1–5 × 2 µm, not thickened nor
darkened. Conidia solitary, medium brown, smooth, guttulate,
star-shaped, with two globose central cells giving rise to four
irregular radiating arms of 4–5(–7) cells, tapering from point of
attachment to subobtuse apices, constricted at septa, 30–80 ×
8–10 µm; conidia also have a fifth branch of 1–2 cells tapering
to a subobtuse apex, 15–30 × 7–8 µm, which is the branch that
attaches to the conidiogenous locus on hyphae. Microconidiogenous cells on hyphae solitary, ampulliform, medium brown,
smooth, phialidic, 10–17 × 3–4 µm. Microconidia bacilliform,
hyaline, smooth, aseptate, ends rounded, 2 –3 × 2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and even, lobate margins,
reaching 10–20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA
and OA surface olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey.
Notes — Species of Trichomerium are usually encountered
as sooty molds that grow on honey dew excrements from insects on living plant leaves and stems. The genus Trichomerium
has Tripospermum asexual morphs (Crous et al. 2014b).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
were ‘Trimmatostroma’ cordae (GenBank AJ244263; Identities
591/607 (97 %), 9 gaps (1 %)), Trichomerium foliicola (GenBank JX313653; Identities 611/659 (93 %), 13 gaps (1 %)) and
T. gleosporum (GenBank JX313656; Identities 610/659 (93 %),
13 gaps (1 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence
were T. foliicola (GenBank JX313659; Identities 830 / 846
(98 %), no gaps), T. gloeosporum (GenBank KY381953; Identities 823/839 (98 %), no gaps) and T. dioscoreae (GenBank
KP004496; Identities 834/851 (98 %), no gaps).
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Australian Botanical Garden, Mount
Annan, on leaves of Eucalyptus tereticornis (Myrtaceae), 25 Nov. 2016, P.W.
Crous (holotype CBS H-23309, culture ex-type CPC 32199 = CBS 143443,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG386068 and MG386121, MycoBank
MB823417).
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Eucalyptus tereticornis; Trichomerium conidia, microconidiogenous cells and microconidia. Scale bars
= 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
430
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Bagadiella eucalypti
Fungal Planet description sheets
431
Fungal Planet 699 – 20 December 2017
Bagadiella eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Clypeophysalospora, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Associated with amphigenous, pale brown leaf spots, cooccurring with Teratosphaeria. Mycelium consisting of pale
brown, smooth, septate, branched, 2 – 3 µm diam hyphae.
Conidiogenous cells integrated, as terminal ends on hyphae,
pale brown, smooth, subcylindrical, 10–17 × 2 µm, monophialidic with flared collarette. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth,
subcylindrical, apex obtuse, base truncate, strongly curved,
(12–)14–17(–21) × (1.5–)2 µm. Ascomata immersed, globose,
not visible on the surface, 150–250 µm diam, with periphysate
ostiolar channel; wall of 3–4 layers of medium brown textura angularis. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical, unitunicate, apical apparatus
reacting in Melzer’s reagent, 110–130 × 10–13 µm. Paraphyses
hyaline, smooth, cellular, intermingled between asci, 4–6 µm
diam, constricted at septa, unbranched. Ascospores uniseriate,
aseptate, guttulate, ellipsoid, ends acutely rounded, smooth,
hyaline, (13 –)15–16(–18) × (6.5–)7 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margins, reaching
30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface honey to
buff, reverse cinnamon. On PDA surface and reverse buff. On
OA surface buff.
Notes — Bagadiella was established for a group of endophytic hyphomycetes occurring on leaves of Eucalyptus (Cheewangkoon et al. 2009). These fungi are usually observed to start
sporulating once leaves are incubated in damp chambers, with
conidiophores being associated with pale yellow leaf blotches,
although it should be noted that no pathogenicity experiments
have as yet been conducted with members of the genus.
Bagadiella eucalypti is related to other species of the genus, but
is phylogenetically distinct. The present taxon also represents
the first report of a sexual morph for Bagadiella, showing it to
be related to genera such as Neophysalospora, Clypeophysalospora and Paraphysalospora (Crous et al. 2014b, Giraldo et
al. 2017).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Bagadiella lunata (GenBank NR_132832; Identities 588/600
(98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), B. koalae (GenBank JF951142; Identities 586/601 (98 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and B. victoriae (GenBank
JF951141; Identities 584/604 (97 %), 5 gaps (0 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were B. lunata (GenBank GQ303300; Identities 844/848 (99 %), no gaps), B. koalae
(GenBank JF951162; Identities 842/847 (99 %), no gaps) and
B. victoriae (GenBank JF951161; Identities 842/848 (99 %),
no gaps).
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, Nowa Nowa, on leaves of Eucalyptus globulus
(Myrtaceae), 30 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23310, culture
ex-type CPC 32619 = CBS 143439, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MG386069 and MG386122, MycoBank MB823418).
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Eucalyptus globulus; asci and
ascospores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
432
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Vermiculariopsiella eucalypticola
433
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 700 – 20 December 2017
Vermiculariopsiella eucalypticola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the host genus from which it was isolated,
Eucalyptus.
Classification — Vermiculariopsiellaceae, Vermiculariopsiellales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata sporodochial, 200 – 500 µm diam, with slimy
creamy conidial mass, base of pale brown pseudoparenchymatal cells, giving rise to densely aggregated conidiophores. Setae dispersed throughout sporodochia, thick-walled, brown, verruculose, branched at apex, initially dichotomously branched,
appearing heart-shaped, with additional branches developing
with age, 150–400 × 6–11 µm. Conidiophores subcylindrical,
pale brown, verruculose, 0–1-septate, branched at first septum,
14–20 × 4–5 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary,
ampulliform, pale brown, verruculose, phialidic, apex twisted
to the side, periclinal thickening and collarette present, 10–15
× 3–3.5 µm. Conidia solitary, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical to fusoid, inequilateral, inner plane straight,
outer plane convex, apex subobtuse, but constricted towards
inner plane, base truncate, hilum excentric, 0.5–1 µm diam,
(9–)12–14(–16) × (2–)2.5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with sparse
aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margins, reaching 40–50
mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface hazel, reverse
amber. On PDA surface and reverse rosy buff. On OA surface
hazel.
Notes — Vermiculariopsiella has sporodochia with brown,
erect setae dispersed throughout, and subhyaline conidiophores
that give rise to phialidic conidiogenous cells with prominently
curved apices, and hyaline, aseptate conidia. Vermiculariopsiella eucalypticola is phylogenetically related to V. dichapetali
(conidia (10–)17– 22(–24) × 2.5(–3) μm, setae erect, straight
to flexuous; Crous et al. 2014a), but is morphologically clearly
distinct. A unique feature of V. eucalypticola are its setae, being
dichotomously branched, and therefore more reminiscent of
the genus Gyrothrix (although the conidiogenesis and conidia
are typical of Vermiculariopsiella, suggesting that setae are not
that informative at the generic level).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
were V. dichapetali (GenBank KX306771; Identities 520/538
(97 %), 5 gaps (0 %)), V. immersa (GenBank KY853476; Identities 511/534 (96 %), 1 gaps (0 %)) and V. acaciae (GenBank
NR_145253; Identities 513/540 (95 %), 12 gaps (2 %)). The
highest similarities using the LSU sequence were V. acaciae
(GenBank KX228314; Identities 840/842 (99 %), no gaps),
V. dichapetali (GenBank KX306796; Identities 714/ 716 (99 %),
no gaps) and V. immersa (GenBank KJ476961; Identities 817/
823 (99 %), 3 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, South East Forests National Park,
on leaves of Eucalyptus dalrympleana (Myrtaceae), 28 Nov. 2016, P.W.
Crous (holotype CBS H-23313, culture ex-type CPC 32506 = CBS 143442,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG386070 and MG386123, MycoBank
MB823419).
Colour illustrations. South East Forests National Park; conidioma sporulating on PNA, setae, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
434
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Semiissispora tooloomensis
435
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 701 – 20 December 2017
Semiissispora tooloomensis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the area where it was collected, close to Tooloom
National Park, Australia.
Classification — Massarinaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Ascospores shot onto MEA. Ascospores fusoid-ellipsoid, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, medianly 1-septate, prominently constricted at septum, tapering towards subobtuse apices, apical
cell (22–)25–27(–30) × 6(–7) µm, basal cell (22–)27–32(–33)
× 6 µm. No mature ascomata could be located in the leaf tissue. On OA forming pale brown sporodochial conidiomata,
with slimy conidial masses of hyaline conidia. Conidiophores
hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, branched, up to 50 µm tall, 3–4
µm diam. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, hyaline,
smooth, subcylindrical, phialidic, 10–20 × 2.5–3 µm. Conidia
solitary, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, guttulate,
apex obtuse, base truncate, 3 –6 × 2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with sparse
aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margins, reaching 60 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface dirty white, reverse
sienna. On PDA surface dirty white, reverse pale luteous. On
OA surface dirty white.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, close to Tooloom National Park,
on leaves of Eucalyptus dunnii, 20 Jan. 2016, A.J. Carnegie (holotype CBS
H-23314, culture ex-type CPC 31680 = CBS 143431, ITS, LSU and gapdh
sequences GenBank MG386071, MG386124 and MG386136, MycoBank
MB823420).
Notes — Semifissispora was established by Swart (1982) for
a group of ascomycetes occurring on leaf litter of Eucalyptus in
Australia, and was recently shown to belong to Massarinaceae,
Dothideomycetes (Crous et al. 2015c). Although assumed to be
saprobic, ascomata have also been observed on bleached leaf
areas, suggesting taxa could be weakly pathogenic, though no
inoculation experiments have been conducted to confirm this.
The genus is presently known from four species, namely S. fusiformis (apical cells 10–18 × 5–6 µm, basal cells 14–19 × 4–6
µm), S. rotundata (apical cells 15–20 × 7–9 µm, basal cells
15–10 × 5.5–7 µm), S. elongata (apical cells 18–25 × 4–6 µm,
basal cells 22–26 × 3.5–5 µm), S. natalis (apical cells 22–28 ×
7–10 µm, basal cells 23–31 × 6.5–7.5 µm) (Swart 1982, Crous
et al. 2015c). Semifissispora tooloomensis can be distinguished
from these species based on its ascospore dimensions (apical
cells 22 –30 × 6–7 µm, basal cell 22 –33 × 6 µm).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
S. rotundata (GenBank KT950847; Identities 517/544 (95 %),
10 gaps (1 %)), S. natalis (GenBank NR_145195; Identities
513/548 (94 %), 14 gaps (2 %)) and Stagonospora pseudopaludosa (GenBank NR_137840; Identities 488/558 (87 %), 23
gaps (4 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence
were S. rotundata (GenBank KT950859; Identities 853/858
(99 %), no gaps), S. natalis (GenBank KT950858; Identities
837/ 846 (99 %), no gaps) and Stagonospora tainanensis
(GenBank AB807580; Identities 824/850 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
The highest similarities using the gapdh sequence were with
S. natalis (GenBank KT950875; Identities 486/526 (92 %),
10 gaps (1 %)), Curvularia spicifera (GenBank KT351793;
Identities 386/462 (84 %), 6 gaps (1 %)) and Curvularia trifolii
(GenBank KP645345; Identities 383/461 (83 %), 7 gaps (1 %)).
Colour illustrations. Tooloom National Park; germinating ascospores,
ascospores, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
436
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Diaporthe obtusifoliae
Fungal Planet description sheets
437
Fungal Planet 702 – 20 December 2017
Diaporthe obtusifoliae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the host species from which it was isolated,
Acacia obtusifolia.
Classification — Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
Leaf spots amphigenous, medium brown, circular with a raised
margin, 1– 4 mm diam, coalescing with age to form larger
blotches. Conidiomata pycnidial, immersed, globose, 180–250
μm diam, medium brown, with central ostiole; wall of 4–6 layers of medium brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining
the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, branched,
1–2-septate, 25–40 × 4–6 μm. Conidiogenous cells terminal
and intercalary, subcylindrical with slight apical taper, 10–25
× 3–5 μm; proliferating percurrently near apex. Conidia solitary, aseptate, ellipsoid, apex subobtuse, base with truncate
hilum, 2 μm diam, slightly thickened and refractive; conidia
hyaline, smooth, guttulate, becoming pale brown with age,
(12–)14–16(–18) × (6–)6.5–7 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margins, reaching
30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface pale olivaceous grey, reverse olivaceous grey. On PDA surface and
reverse olivaceous grey. On OA surface pale olivaceous grey.
Typus. auStralia, New South Wales, Gnupa State Forest, on leaves of
Acacia obtusifolia (Fabaceae), 29 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS
H-23318, culture ex-type CPC 32336 = CBS 143449, ITS, LSU and his3
sequences GenBank MG386072, MG386125 and MG386137, MycoBank
MB823421).
Notes — Although D. obtusifoliae is morphologically distinct
from the typical Diaporthe spp. by forming broadly ellipsoid
conidia, it clusters within the genus. Based on morphology it
is distinct from D. acaciarum (on A. tortilis, Tanzania, alpha
conidia (6–)6.5–7(–7.5) × (2–)2.5(–3) μm; Crous et al. 2014b)
and D. acaciigena (on A. retinodes, Australia, alpha conidia
ellipsoid to subclavate, (9–)10–11(–12) × (4–)6–6.5(–7) μm;
Crous et al. 2011). It is also distinct from D. scobina, to which
it is most closely related (Gomes et al. 2013).
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
were D. acaciigena (GenBank NR_137113; Identities 538/568
(95 %), 7 gaps (1 %)), D. scobina (GenBank KC343195; Identities 534/572 (93 %), 20 gaps (3 %)) and D. padi var. padi
(GenBank KC343170; Identities 531/ 569 (93 %), 18 gaps
(3 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were
D. perjuncta (GenBank AF408356; Identities 829/835 (99 %),
no gaps), D. fusicola (GenBank KY011836; Identities 825/832
(99 %), no gaps) and D. ovoicicola (GenBank KY011838; Identities 818/825 (99 %), no gaps). The highest similarities using the
his3 sequence were with D. acaciigena (GenBank KC343489;
Identities 356/385 (92 %), 13 gaps (3 %)), D. pustulata (GenBank KC343671; Identities 349/382 (91 %), 10 gaps (2 %)) and
D. amygdali (GenBank KP293563; Identities 349/384 (91 %),
10 gaps (2 %)).
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Acacia obtusifolia; leaf spots,
conidiomata sporulating on PDA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars =
10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
438
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Cladoriella kinglakensis
Fungal Planet description sheets
439
Fungal Planet 703 – 20 December 2017
Cladoriella kinglakensis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after Kinglake National Park, Australia.
Classification — Cladoriellaceae, Cladoriellales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiophores erect, solitary or in fascicles of 3–4, dark brown,
smooth, straight to flexuous, mostly unbranched, 2–19-septate,
60–200 × 4–5 μm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal
and intercalary, subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth, 15–20 ×
3–4 μm; scars thickened and darkened, 2 μm diam, proliferating
sympodially. Ramoconidia medium brown, smooth, guttulate,
subcylindrical, 0–1-septate, 15–30 × 3–4 μm. Conidia aseptate, in branched chains, medium brown, smooth, guttulate,
fusoid-ellipsoid with truncate ends, aseptate, hila thickened and
darkened, 2 μm diam, (10 –)13–15(–18) × (3–)3.5(–4) μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins, reaching 10 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA and PDA surface olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey. On
OA surface olivaceous grey with diffuse red pigment.
Notes — Several species of Cladoriella are known from Eucalyptus. Of these, C. kinglakensis is related to C. paleospora
(conidia 0–1-septate, 6–10 × 3.5–4 μm; Cheewangkoon et
al. 2009), but is distinct phylogenetically, and also has larger
conidia.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
C. paleospora (GenBank NR_132833; Identities 499 / 513
(97 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and C. eucalypti (GenBank EU040224;
Identities 475/580 (82 %), 56 gaps (9 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence were C. paleospora (GenBank
GQ303303; Identities 593/603 (98 %), no gaps), C. rubrigena
(GenBank GQ303304; Identities 791/851 (93 %), 5 gaps (0 %))
and C. eucalypti (GenBank EU040224; Identities 784/847
(93 %), 5 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, near Kinglake National Park, on leaves of
Eucalyptus regnans (Myrtaceae), 1 Dec. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS
H-23319, culture ex-type CPC 32730 = CBS 143452, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MG386073 and MG386126, MycoBank MB823422).
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic Eucalyptus leaves; conidiophores
sporulating on PNA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
David Smith, Agriculture, Energy & Resources, Agriculture and Rural Division, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources,
Unit 3, 2 Codrington St, Cranbourne Victoria 3977, Australia; e-mail: david.smith@ecodev.vic.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
440
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Phaeosphaeria gahniae
Fungal Planet description sheets
441
Fungal Planet 704 – 20 December 2017
Phaeosphaeria gahniae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the host genus from which it was collected,
Gahnia.
Classification — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Ascomata solitary, globose, brown, 180–220 μm diam, with 1–2
papillate ostioles; wall of 6–8 layers of brown textura angularis.
Pseudoparaphyses intermingled among asci, hyaline, septate,
branched, cellular, 3–5 μm diam. Asci fasciculate, stipitate,
subcylindrical, bitunicate with ocular chamber, 1–1.5 μm diam,
60–90 × 9–10 μm. Ascospores bi- to triseriate, medium brown,
smooth, fusoid-ellipsoid with obtuse ends, guttulate, 3(–4)-septate, second cell from apex slightly swollen, (18–)20–22(–25)
× (4.5–)5 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margins, reaching 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface olivaceous
grey, reverse grey olivaceous with patches of saffron. On PDA
surface dirty white, reverse pale luteous. On OA surface saffron.
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne
Gardens, on leaves of Gahnia aspera (Cyperaceae), 2 Dec. 2016, P.W.
Crous (holotype CBS H-23320, culture ex-type CPC 32454 = CBS 143450,
ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MG386074, MG386127,
MG386148, MG386157 and MG386170, MycoBank MB823423).
Notes — Phaeosphaeria was epitypified by Quaedvlieg et
al. (2013), fixing the generic application of the name. We were
unable to locate any Phaeosphaeria spp. known from Gahnia,
and this species is consequently described as new.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
Pringsheimia euphorbiae (GenBank NR_145344; Identities
506/552 (92 %), 7 gaps (1 %)), Phaeosphaeria caricicola (GenBank KF251182; Identities 517/566 (91 %), 9 gaps (1 %)) and
P. caricicola (GenBank AF439474; Identities 473/522 (91 %),
9 gaps (1 %)). The highest similarities using the LSU sequence
were P. eustoma (GenBank JX681111; Identities 851/853
(99 %), no gaps), P. avenaria f. sp. tritici (GenBank JX681109;
Identities 851/853 (99 %), no gaps) and P. caricicola (GenBank
KF251685; Identities 851/853 (99 %), no gaps). The highest
similarities using the rpb2 sequence were Loratospora aestuarii
(GenBank GU371760; Identities 627/757 (83 %), 8 gaps (1 %)),
Parastagonospora nodorum (as Phaeosphaeria nodorum; GenBank DQ499803; Identities 613/7667 (80 %), 12 gaps (1 %))
and Banksiophoma australiensis (GenBank KY979846; Identities 611/768 (80 %), 14 gaps (1 %)). No significant hits were
found when the tef1 sequence was used in a blast search. The
highest similarities using the tub2 sequence were from diverse
genera such as Alternaria conjuncta (GenBank JQ671992;
Identities 309/352 (88 %), 13 gaps (3 %)), Didymocyrtis banksiae (GenBank KY979923; Identities 302/343 (88 %), 4 gaps
(1 %)), Pleospora incompta (GenBank KU973708; Identities
306/346 (88 %), 7 gaps (2 %)) and Phaeosphaeria avenaria
f. sp. triticae (GenBank AY786329; Identities 302/346 (87 %),
5 gaps (1 %)).
Colour illustrations. Gahnia aspera; ascomata sporulating on OA, asci,
pseudoparaphyses and ascospores. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Tom W. May, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Avenue, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
e-mail: tom.may@rbg.vic.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
442
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Cercospora dianellicola
Fungal Planet description sheets
443
Fungal Planet 705 – 20 December 2017
Cercospora dianellicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the host genus from which it was collected,
Dianella.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
On potato dextrose agar. Conidiophores solitary to fasciculate,
arising from superficial hyphae but most frequently from a welldeveloped erumpent stroma up to 200 μm diam (ascomatal
initials), erect, flexuous-geniculate, subcylindrical, 1–5-septate,
branched below or unbranched, 70–150 × 4–6 μm, medium
brown, thick-walled, basal region roughened. Conidiogenous
cells terminal and intercalary, proliferating sympodially, medium brown, smooth, subcylindrical with slight apical taper,
scars thickened, darkened, 1–2 μm diam, 25–60 × 4–5 μm.
Conidia solitary, undergoing microcyclic conidiation in culture,
hyaline, smooth, granular, obclavate but subcylindrical when
small, 3–6-septate, curved, apex subobtuse, base obconically
truncate, hilum slightly thickened and darkened, 2 μm diam,
(13–)26–33(–40) × (3–)4 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margins, reaching 40 mm diam after 1 mo at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA
surface grey olivaceous, reverse iron-grey.
Typus. auStralia, Victoria, Mount Best Tin Mine Road, on Dianella sp.
(Iridaceae), 28 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23321, culture
ex-type CPC 32597 = CBS 143453, ITS, LSU, actA and cmdA sequences
GenBank MG386075, MG386128, MG674152 and MG674153, MycoBank
MB823424).
Notes — Several species of Mycosphaerellaceae have been
described from Dianella, namely Mycosphaerella queenslandica, M. dianellae and Cercospora dianellae, the latter which has
since been shown to be a member of Zasmidium (Bensch et al.
2012). Because its not possible to determine to which asexual
genus the two Mycosphaerella spp. belong (Videira et al. 2017),
C. dianellicola is accepted as the only confirmed Cercospora
sp. occurring on this host.
Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, the
closest matches in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database were
C. asparagi (GenBank KY549098; Identities 533/536 (99 %),
2 gaps (0 %)), C. malayensis (GenBank MF435168; Identities
533/536 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and C. glycinicola (GenBank
NR_147293; Identities 533 /536 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). The
highest similarities using the LSU sequence were C. ischaemi
(GenBank KM055432; Identities 828 /830 (99 %), no gaps),
C. senecionis-walkeri (GenBank KC677921; Identities 832/836
(99 %), no gaps) and C. sojina (GenBank KX286969; Identities
831/836 (99 %), no gaps). The highest similarities using the
actA sequence were C. beticola (GenBank AF443281; Identities
552/618 (89 %), 25 gaps (4 %)), C. sojina (GenBank JQ325008;
Identities 540/610 (89 %), 15 gaps (2 %)) and C. malayensis
(GenBank KY082664; Identities 540/612 (88 %), 19 gaps
(3 %)). The highest similarities using the cmdA sequence were
C. coniogrammes (GenBank KT037466; Identities 374/445
(84 %), 13 gaps (2 %)), C. cf. malloti (GenBank KT193753;
Identities 375/446 (84 %), 13 gaps (2 %)) and C. cypericola (GenBank KT193727; Identities 376/447 (84 %), 15 gaps
(3 %)).
Colour illustrations. Dianella sp. at Mount Best Tin Mine Road; conidiophores sporulating on PNA and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
e-mail: brett.summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta, NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
444
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Gamsia kooimaniorum
445
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 706 – 20 December 2017
Gamsia kooimaniorum Sandoval-Denis, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for Noud and Robin Kooiman, collectors of the sample
from which this fungus was isolated. This species was discovered during a
Citizen Science project in the Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met
je eigen naam’, describing novel fungal species isolated from Dutch soils.
Typus. the netherlandS, Vleuten, from garden soil, Feb. 2017, N. Kooiman
& R. Kooiman (holotype CBS H-23222, culture ex-type CBS 143185; ITS,
LSU and tub2 sequences GenBank LT904719, LT904720 and LT904701,
MycoBank MB822628).
Classification — Microascaceae, Microascales, Sordariomycetes.
Notes — Gamsia includes three species: G. aggregata, G. columbina (Sandoval-Denis et al. 2016) and G. kooimaniorum,
described here, characterised by mostly simple, unbranched
conidiophores which distinguishes Gamsia from their closest
relative Wardomyces (Morelet 1969, Ellis 1976). Using rDNA
and tub2 sequences G. kooimaniorum is phylogenetically more
closely related to G. aggregata. However, both species exhibit
marked differences, particularly in their polyblastic conidiogenous cells, which are steadily hyaline with the multiple conidiogenous loci distributed along the apex and lateral portions
of the cell in G. aggregata, whereas those in G. kooimaniorum
tend to darken in the apex, while the conidiogenous loci are
clustered in the apical part of the cell; producing also solitary
conidia of different shapes (broadly ellipsoidal to obovoidal
and rounded in G. aggregata vs ovoid to broadly ellipsoidal
and sometimes pointed in G. kooimaniorum). Morphologically,
however, G. kooimaniorum most closely resembles G. columbina, from which it can be differentiated by its somewhat larger
solitary conidia ((5.5–)7–9(–10.5) × (4–)5–6.5(–7) μm vs 6–13
× 3.5–6.5 μm in G. columbina) and its aseptate annellidic conidia (vs consistently 1-septate annelloconidia in G. columbina).
Hyphae hyaline, septate, 1.5–2.5 μm wide, smooth- and thinwalled. Conidiophores of two types: i) mostly undifferentiated, unbranched or rarely laterally branched once, produced
abundantly, borne laterally and singly on the aerial hyphae,
0–1(–2)-septate, (12–)15–24.5(–28) × (1.5–)2–4(–7) μm, hyaline to subhyaline, smooth- and thin-walled, producing conidia
on terminal polyblastic conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous
cells polyblastic, subcylindrical to cylindrical with a swollen apical part, (1.5–)4.5–10.5(–14) × (1.5–)2–3.5(–5.5) μm, hyaline
to somewhat darkening at the apex, smooth- and thin-walled,
with 1–8 apical conidiogenous loci. Conidia aseptate, ovoid to
broadly ellipsoidal, with a rounded to pointed apex, flat at the
base, pale to dark brown, (5.5–)7–9(–10.5) × (4–)5–6.5(–7)
μm smooth- and thick-walled, often with a conspicuous longitudinal germ slit, borne solitary in lateral succession and forming
large apical clusters; ii) unbranched, rarely branched one or two
times from a short, cylindrical and swollen basal cell, mostly
grouped in dense sporodochia, rarely borne solitary on the
aerial hyphae, 0–1-septate, 17–22(–23) × (3–)4–4.5(–5.5)
μm, hyaline to subhyaline, smooth- and thin-walled, producing
conidia on terminal annellidic conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells annellides, subcylindrical to cylindrical, tapering
gently toward the apex, (7.5–)9.5–16(–18) × (3–)4–4.5 μm,
hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled, annellations inconspicuous.
Conidia catenate, aseptate, oval, ellipsoidal to bullet-shaped,
apex rounded, truncate at the base, 7.5–8.5(–10) × 4.5–5.5
μm, hyaline, smooth- and thick-walled.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on MEA reaching 30–40
mm diam in 7 d at 25 °C. Colony surface iron-grey to greenish
black with white to pale olivaceous grey patches and a thin
white external margin, umbonate to crateriform, radially folded,
velvety to dusty; margins regular entire to undulate. Reverse
olivaceous grey to iron-grey with greenish black centre, without
diffusible pigments. On PDA reaching 17–20 mm diam in 7 d at
25 °C. Colony surface ochreous, umber to olivaceous, flat, felty
to velvety, with white to vinaceous buff floccose patches toward
the periphery; aerial mycelium abundant and short; colony
margins irregular, undulate to lobate. Reverse pale vinaceous
buff, without diffusible pigments. On OA reaching 21–26 mm
diam in 7 d. Colony colour greenish black to leaden black and
velvety at the centre becoming white and membranous toward
the margins, flat to slightly raised, radiated at the margins; aerial
mycelium abundant, short and dense; margins regular, entire
to somewhat undulate. Reverse iron-grey without diffusible
pigments.
Colour illustrations. Background, Noud and Robin Kooiman at the collection site; conidiophores bearing annellidic conidiogenous cells and chains of
conidia; conidiophores bearing polyblastic conidiogenous cells and conidia
in apical clusters. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Marcelo Sandoval-Denis, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.sandoval@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
446
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Phaeoisaria annesophieae
447
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 707 – 20 December 2017
Phaeoisaria annesophieae Hern.-Restr., sp. nov.
Etymology. annesophieae, refers to the name of the collector of the extype strain, Anne-Sophie den Boer. This species was discovered during a
Citizen Science project in the Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met
je eigen naam’, describing novel fungal species isolated from Dutch soils.
Classification — Pleurotheciaceae, Pleurotheciales, Sordariomycetes.
Description on OA. Mycelium hyaline to pale brown, composed
of smooth-walled, septate, 1.5–3 µm wide hyphae. Synnemata
absent. Conidiophores indeterminate, sometimes grouping in
strands of 2–4 hyphae, semi-macronematous reduced to a
single conidiogenous cell, arising from aerial hyphae, cylindrical, hyaline to pale brown. Conidiogenous cells polyblastic,
integrated, terminal or intercalary, cylindrical, hyaline, smoothwalled, 12–39 × 1–3.5 µm, forming conidia sympodially on conspicuous denticles, 1–1.5 µm long, 0.5–1 µm wide, scattered
or clustered in the apical region. Conidia ellipsoidal to obovoid,
straight or slightly curved, rounded at the ends or sometimes
tapering toward the base, hyaline, aseptate, guttulate, smoothwalled, 4.5–9 × 2–3.5 µm. Chlamydospores terminal, globose,
pyriform, first hyaline becoming brown to dark brown, 9–18 ×
7–9.5 µm. Sexual morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching 50 mm diam on
OA after 4 wk at 25 °C. Aerial mycelium beige to pale brown, at
first smooth, later cottony; reverse brown. Sporulation appears
first in the centre of the colony, later present over the whole
colony; sporulating colony with submerged mycelium brown
and aerial mycelium beige with a powdery appearance.
Notes — Phaeoisaria annesophieae is phylogenetically
related to Phaeoisaria sp. INBio4514E (KM242361), the Ph. clematidis species complex and Ph. pseudoclematidis. Phaeoisaria originally comprised species with conidiophores grouped
in synnemata, with polyblastic and denticulate conidiogenous
cells (Höhnel 1909, Ellis 1971, Castañeda-Ruiz et al. 2002,
Seifert et al. 2011, Mel’nik 2012). Nonetheless, some species
has been added to the genus that lack synnemata, i.e., Ph. fasciculata (Réblová et al. 2016) and Ph. loranthacearum (Crous
et al. 2015a), as well as the new species, P. annesophieae.
Phaeoisaria annesophieae is easily distinguished from the other
species of the genus by producing chlamydospores in culture.
Typus. the netherlandS, Geldermalsen, isolated from soil, Mar. 2017,
A.-S. den Boer (holotype CBS H-23231, cultures ex-type CBS 143235;
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG022180 and MG022159, MycoBank
MB823031).
Phaeoisaria clematidis DAOM 226789/JQ429155
100
Phaeoisaria clematidis CBS 113340/EU552148
81
Phaeoisaria pseudoclematidis MFLUCC 11-0393/KP744457
60
Phaeoisaria annesophieae sp. nov.
98
Phaeoisaria sp INBio 4514E/KM242361
100
Phaeoisaria sparsa FMR 11393/HF677179
Phaeoisaria fasciculata CBS 127885T/NR 145395
86
Phaeoisaria loranthacearum CPC 24441T/KR611888
Pleurothecium semifecundum CBS 131271T/NR 111710
100
Pleurothecium recurvatum CBS 138747/KT278728
0.05
Colour illustrations. Garden where the soil sample was collected; colony
overview on OA, conidiogenous cells, conidia and chlamydospores. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
The phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequences was inferred
using a maximum likelihood analysis in the RAxML black box
v. 8 (Stamatakis 2014). Bootstrap support values are indicated
at the nodes and values below 50 % are not shown. The scale
bar indicates the expected number of changes per site.
Margarita Hernández-Restrepo, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.hernandez@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
448
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Verhulstia trisororum
449
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 708 – 20 December 2017
Verhulstia Hern.-Rest., gen. nov.
Etymology. Named for the family name Verhulst, whose members collected the soil sample from which the fungus was isolated. This species was
discovered during a Citizen Science project in the Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam,
een schimmel met je eigen naam’, describing novel fungal species isolated
from Dutch soils.
Classification — Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales,
Sordariomycetes.
Description on OA. Conidiomata sporodochial, scattered to
gregarious, superficial, hyaline becoming brown with age, globose, setose with a central white conidial mass, basal stroma
of textura angularis. Setae arising from outer elements of the
stroma, abundant, subulate to subcylindrical, basal cell pale
brown, other cells brown to dark brown, apex paler, rounded,
verrucose to warty, straight to flexuous, multiseptate. Conidiophores arising from the stroma in dense layers, unbranched,
cylindrical, septate, hyaline to pale brown toward the apex.
Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, lageniform to subcylindrical, phialidic with a collarette, hyaline to pale brown.
Conidia cylindrical to ellipsoidal, or obovoid, curved at the apex,
aseptate, hyaline, smooth.
Type species. Verhulstia trisororum Hern.-Rest.
MycoBank MB823032.
Verhulstia trisororum Hern.-Rest., sp. nov.
Etymology. From the Latin tri- three, and sororum- sisters. Named for the
three sisters Jikke, Anoek and Elke Verhulst, who collected the soil sample
from which the fungus was isolated.
Description on OA. Conidiomata sporodochial, scattered to gregarious, superficial, hyaline becoming brown with age, globose,
setose with a central white conidial mass on OA (and PNA),
basal stroma of textura angularis. Setae arising from outer elements of the stroma, abundant, basal cell pale brown, other cells
brown to dark brown, subulate to subcylindrical, apex rounded,
verrucose to warty, straight to flexuous, multiseptate, 133–163
µm long, 3.5–5.5 µm wide base, 1–2 µm wide at apex. Conidiophores arising from the stroma in a dense layer, unbranched,
cylindrical, septate, hyaline to pale brown toward the apex,
30–72 × 2–2.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal,
lageniform to subcylindrical, phialidic with a collarette, hyaline
to pale brown, 7.5–15.5 µm long, 2–3 µm wide at base, 1 µm
wide at apex. Conidia cylindrical to ellipsoidal, 5–7 × 1–2 µm, or
obovoid, 5–8 × 2–3 µm, curved at the apex, aseptate, smooth.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA after 1 wk at
25 °C reaching 10 mm diam, flat, spreading, with sparse aerial
mycelium. Sporulation appears first in the centre of the colony,
later present over the whole colony.
Notes — This new genus is similar to Dinemasporium, Brunneodinemasporium, Pseudolachnea (Crous et al. 2012) and
Vermiculariopsiella (Seifert et al. 2011) in producing setose conidiomata with phialidic conidiogenous cells. However, Verhulstia
is distinguished from all of them in having hyaline, lageniform
conidiogenous cells that eventually become brown with age,
with a conspicuous collarette and conidia without setulae. Furthermore, the strain CBS 143234 was phylogenetically placed
in Chaetosphaeriaceae, in a separate branch close to species
of Chaetosphaeria with low support.
Typus. the netherlandS, Amersfoort, isolated from soil, Mar. 2017, J., A.
& E. Verhulst (holotype CBS H-23230, culture ex-type CBS 143234; ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MG022181 and MG022160, MycoBank
MB823033).
Colour illustrations. Garden where the soil sample was collected; conidiomata overview on OA, setose conidiomata, conidiogenous cells, setae and
conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Margarita Hernández-Restrepo, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.hernandez@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
450
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Striaticonidium deklijnearum
451
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 709 – 20 December 2017
Striaticonidium deklijnearum L. Lombard, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for Lola and Nieve de Klijne, who collected the sample. This species was discovered during a Citizen Science project in the
Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen naam’, describing
novel fungal species isolated from Dutch soils.
Classification — Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata sporodochial, stromatic, superficial, scattered
or gregarious, oval to irregular in outline, 80–140 µm diam,
50–100 µm deep, with a white setose-like fringe surrounding
an olivaceous green agglutinated slimy mass of conidia. Stroma
poorly developed, hyaline, of a textura angularis. Setae sparse,
sinuous, unbranched, hyaline to subhyaline, verrucose, 30–50
µm long, 2 µm wide, terminating in a blunt apex. Conidiophores
arising from the basal stroma, consisting of a stipe and a penicillately branched conidiogenous apparatus; stipes unbranched
hyaline, smooth, septate, 10–24 × 2–3 µm; primary branches
aseptate, unbranched, smooth, 8–11 × 2–3 µm; secondary
branches aseptate, unbranched, smooth, 9–13 × 2 µm; terminating in a whorl of 2–4 conidiogenous cells; conidiogenous
cells phialidic, cylindrical to subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth,
straight to slightly curved, 8–15 × 2–3 µm, with conspicuous
collarettes and periclinical thickenings. Conidia aseptate,
longitudinally striate, olivaceous green to brown, fusiform to
ellipsoidal to undulate, (5–)6–8(–9) × 2–3 µm (av. 7 × 2 µm),
with a distinct apical hilum.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA, OA and CMA
with abundant white aerial mycelium with sporodochia forming
on the surface of the medium, covered by slimy olivaceous
green conidial masses, reverse on PDA pale luteous.
Notes — Lombard et al. (2016) introduced the genus Striaticonidium to accommodate myrothecium-like species characterised by longitudinally striate conidia. Striaticonidium deklijnearum is most similar to S. cinctum, but can be distinguished by
having slightly smaller conidia ((5–)6–8(–9) × 2–3 µm (av. 7
× 2 µm)) compared to those of S. cinctum ((6–)7–9 × 2–3 µm
(av. 8 × 3 µm); Lombard et al. 2016). Furthermore, the setae of
S. cinctum (up to 120 µm long; Lombard et al. 2016) are longer
than those of S. deklijnearum (up to 50 µm).
Based on megablast searches using the ITS sequences of the
ex-type culture, the best matches were to S. synnematum (GenBank KU847242; Identities = 542/553 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)),
and S. cinctum (GenBank KU847263; Identities = 541/552
(98 %), 1 gap (0 %)). Based on megablast searches using the
tef1 sequences of the ex-type culture, the best matches were
to S. cinctum (GenBank KU847309; Identities 501/513 (98 %),
4 gaps (0 %)), and S. humicola (GenBank KU847312; Identities
215/245 (88 %), 5 gaps (2 %)). Based on megablast searches
using the tub2 sequences of the ex-type culture, the best
matches were to S. cinctum (GenBank KU847327; Identities
362/372 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), and S. synnematum (GenBank
KU847332; Identities 352 /371 (95 %), 1 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. the netherlandS, Ravenswaaij, from soil, Mar. 2017, L. & N. de
Klijne (holotype CBS H-23235, culture ex-type CBS 143232 = JW17002; ITS,
LSU, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MG386077, MG386130, MG386158
and MG386171, MycoBank MB823349).
Colour illustrations. Garden where the soil sample was collected; conidiophores, setae and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Lorenzo Lombard, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: l.lombard@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
452
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Umbelopsis wiegerinckiae
453
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 710 – 20 December 2017
Umbelopsis wiegerinckiae Sandoval-Denis, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for Frederique Madeleine Wiegerinck, who collected
this sample. This species was discovered during a Citizen Science project in
the Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen naam’, describing
novel fungal species isolated from Dutch soils.
Classification — Umbelopsidaceae, Umbelopsidales, Incertae sedis, Mucoromycotina, Zygomycota.
Sporangiophores mainly umbellately branched, arising from
a swollen portion of the subtended stalk 6.5 –10 μm diam,
(9.5–)28.5–193.5(–294.5) × (3–)4–5 μm, rarely unbranched,
tapering slightly toward the apex, hyaline, smooth- and thickwalled, 0–1-septate, often with one septum 10–20 μm below
the columella level. Sporangia globose to subglobose, (10–)13–
18.5(–20.5) μm diam, pink, coral to red coloured, multi-spored;
walls thin and deliquescent, leaving a small pale red coloured
collarette. Columellae subglobose, globose to sphaeropedunculate, (3.5–)4 × 6(–7) μm diam. Sporangiospores ovoid, short
ellipsoidal, oblong with rounded apices to ossiform, (3–)3.5–
4.5(– 5) × 2 – 2.5(– 3.5) μm, pale red in mass, smooth- and
thin-walled. Chlamydospores subglobose, globose to obovoid,
(5–)6 × 10 μm diam, subhyaline to pale golden brown, formed
singly and abundantly on the substrate mycelium, intercalary
or on short stalks, smooth- and thick-walled.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on SNA reaching 20–23
mm diam in 7 d at 25 °C. Colony surface buff to rosy buff, flat,
feathery, short wholly to floccose; margins highly irregular,
rhizoid with abundant submerged mycelium. Reverse buff to
rosy buff, without diffusible pigments. On MEA reaching 52–57
mm diam in 7 d at 25 °C. Colony surface rosy buff, brick to
fawn coloured, flat to raised, forming concentric rings, velvety
to felty; margins regular. Reverse cinnamon to brick coloured,
without diffusible pigments. On PDA reaching 41–50 mm diam
in 7 d at 25 °C. Colony surface pale luteous, with rust to brick
centre, flat, velvety to felty forming inconspicuous concentric
rings; aerial mycelium abundant; colony margins regular. Reverse pale luteous to straw, without diffusible pigments. On OA
reaching 30–36 mm diam in 7 d. Colony colour peach to coral,
salmon at the centre and white at the periphery, flat to raised,
velvety to felty, dusty at the centre; aerial mycelium abundant,
short and dense; margins regular. Reverse pale luteous, without
diffusible pigments.
Notes — Using ITS, LSU and actA sequences Umbelopsis
wiegerinckiae nests within a group of Umbelopsis spp. characterised by having pink to red multi-spored sporangia forming
mostly irregularly shaped sporangiospores such as U. angularis
(angular spores), U. gibberispora (hump-shaped spores) and
U. swartii /U. westeae (appendaged spores) (Meyer & Gams
2003). Three exceptions are known to occur in this group, forming oval to ellipsoidal spores (U. fusiformis, U. ramanniana and
the new species U. wiegerinckiae described here). However,
U. wiegerinckiae can be easily distinguished from U. fusiformis
by having subglobose to globose sporangia with a conspicuous columella, whereas the latter species is characterized by
fusiform sporangia lacking a columella (Sugiyama et al. 2003);
and is distinguished from U. ramanniana by its ovoid to oblong
and rounded spores (vs ellipsoid in the later species). However,
the current concept of U. ramanniana remains unresolved,
and it is thought to correspond to a complex of cryptic species
(Meyer & Gams 2003, Sugiyama et al. 2003). Another species
morphologically close to U. wiegerinckiae is U. vinacea, especially when cultural characteristics and chlamydospores are
compared. Nevertheless, the former species produces angular
spores and lacks columellae (Meyer & Gams 2003).
Typus. the netherlandS, Amersfoort, from garden soil, Feb. 2017, F.M.
Wiegerinck (holotype CBS H-23227, culture ex-type CBS 143184; ITS,
LSU and actA sequences GenBank LT904721, LT904722 and LT904705,
MycoBank MB822627).
Colour illustrations. Background, collection site (Wiegerinck family’s
garden); umbellately branched sporangiophores emerging from the agar
surface; collapsed sporangium showing the columella shape and membrane
remnants of the sporangium membrane (collarette); sporangiophores; chlamydospores; sporangiospores. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Marcelo Sandoval-Denis, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.sandoval@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
454
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Vandijckella johannae
455
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 711 – 20 December 2017
Vandijckellaceae Sandoval-Denis, fam. nov.
Classification — Vandijckellaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Colonies buff to ochreous, flat and radially folded with abundant
aerial mycelium commonly aggregated forming hyphal ropes.
Mycelium hyaline, septate, branched and smooth. Conidiophores simple, determinate, commonly reduced to conidio-
genous cells borne directly on the aerial hyphae or rarely on a
basal cell. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, hyaline and smoothwalled. Conidia clavate to cylindrical, rounded, smooth- and
thin-walled, borne in chains.
Type genus. Vandijckella Sandoval-Denis.
MycoBank MB823486.
Vandijckella Sandoval-Denis, gen. nov.
Etymology. Named in honour of the president of the Royal Dutch Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), José F.T.M. van Dijck. This species was
discovered during a Citizen Science project in the Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam,
een schimmel met je eigen naam’, describing novel fungal species isolated
from Dutch soils.
Mycelium hyaline, septate, smooth- and thin-walled, commonly aggregated to form ropes. Conidiophores monomorphic,
smooth- and thin-walled, mononematous, short, simple and
determinate, often reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled, borne laterally on
aerial hyphae, monophialidic, ampulliform, with a conspicuous
and long collarette at the apical conidiogenous locus. Conidia
clavate, short cylindrical to oblong with rounded apices, straight,
smooth- and thin-walled, grouping in a chain that easily detaches. Sexual morph unknown.
Type species. Vandijckella johannae Sandoval-Denis.
MycoBank MB822625.
Vandijckella johannae Sandoval-Denis, sp. nov.
Etymology. Linking the first female professor of the Netherlands, Johanna
Westerdijk (10 Feb. 1917), to the first female president of the KNAW, José
F.T.M. van Dijck (18 May 2015) – two phenomenal individuals, with a great
legacy.
Conidiophores simple, mostly reduced to monophialides borne
singly and laterally on the aerial hyphae or more commonly from
hyphal ropes; rarely borne singly on swollen basal cells, 5–8.5
μm diam, (10.5–)11–51.5(–60) × 2.5–4(–5) μm, smooth and
thin-walled. Conidiogenous cells ampulliform, lageniform to
wide subulate, hyaline, (10.5–)13–17.5(–18) × 3–3.5(–4) μm,
smooth- and thin-walled with discreet periclinal thickening and a
conspicuous apical collarette, 3.5–4.5(–5) × 2–3.5 μm. Conidia
catenulate, unicellular, clavate, cylindrical to oblong, often tapering toward the base, hyaline, (3.5–)4–5(–6) × (1–)2–2.5 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on MEA reaching 30–35
mm diam in 7 d at 25 °C. Colony surface ochreous to buff at the
centre with sienna to umber periphery, flat with raised centre
and radially folded, velvety to dusty, sporulation abundant from
copious aerial mycelium; margins regular, entire to undulate.
Reverse sienna to luteous, becoming umber to olivaceous,
without diffusible pigments. On OA reaching 25–35 mm diam
in 7 d at 25 °C. Colony surface white to buff, with white margins, flat with scarce white aerial mycelium forming faint radial
striations, membranous to velvety; margin regular and complete. Reverse white, umber at the centre, without diffusible
pigments. On PDA reaching 33–40 mm diam in 7 d at 25 °C.
Colony surface white, straw to umber coloured, raised and
radially folded with flat margins, membranous at first becoming
velvety to felty with the production of abundant floccose aerial
mycelium, densely sporulating; margins regular with abundant
submerged mycelium. Reverse white with umber to olivaceous
centre, without diffusible pigments.
Typus. the netherlandS, Amsterdam, from garden soil, Feb. 2017, J.F.T.M.
van Dijck (holotype CBS H-23223, culture ex-type CBS 143182; ITS, LSU,
rpb2 and tub2 sequences GenBank LT904725, LT904726, LT904707 and
LT904703, MycoBank MB822626).
Additional material examined. the netherlandS, Amsterdam, from garden
soil, Feb. 2017, J.F.T.M. van Dijck, CBS 143181; ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tub2
sequences GenBank LT904723, LT904724, LT904706 and LT904702; ibid.,
CBS 143183; ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tub2 sequences GenBank LT904727,
LT904728, LT904708 and LT904704.
Notes — Ribosomal DNA sequences related Vandijckella
johannae to the Dermataceae and Helotiaceae, helotialean
families including a heterogeneous assembly of asexual and
sexual morphs, mostly plant pathogenic or saprobic species
(Zhang & Wang 2015). However, the genus Vandijckella nested
in an undefined clade well differentiated from the currently
known families of the Helotiales, for which the family Vandijckellaceae is introduced. The new family is phylogenetically
related to representatives from known polyphyletic genera,
mostly discomycetes of uncertain association but previously
assigned to the Calloriceae, Dermataceae, Helotiaceae or Hyaloscyphaceae s.lat. (Baschien et al. 2013, Baral & Haelewaters
2015). Moreover, the currently accepted families in Helotiales
have been demonstrated to be polyphyletic by morphological
and molecular data (Schoch et al. 2009, Zhang & Wang 2015).
The new species Vandijckella johannae resembles the recently
described genus Davidhawksworthia (Crous & Groenewald
2016), which is genetically closely related, both genera producing more or less cylindrical, aseptate conidia on ampulliform,
somewhat swollen phialides. Nevertheless, V. johannae is
distinguished by having monomorphic conidiophores bearing
single phialides, and short cylindrical conidia formed in chains;
vs dimorphic conidiophores (phialides borne on erect, penicillate
conidiophores or as multiple phialides on a basal cell) and long
cylindrical conidia (18–20(–22) μm long) of Davidhawksworthia
ilicicola, the only species of that genus (Crous & Groenewald
2016). Another taxon phylogenetically closely related to V.
johannae is Mycoarthris corallina (Marvanová et al. 2002), a
fungus also forming chains of elongated cylindrical conidia. It
is, however, morphologically dissimilar by producing polyblastic
conidiogenous cells, with sympodial elongations.
Colour illustrations. Background, garden and collector (José F.T.M. van
Dijck); conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 5 µm.
Marcelo Sandoval-Denis & Alejandra Giraldo, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.sandoval@westerdijkinstitute.nl & a.giraldo@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
456
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Fusarium petersiae
457
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 712 – 20 December 2017
Fusarium petersiae L. Lombard, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for Danique Peters, who collected this sample. This
species was discovered during a Citizen Science project in the Netherlands,
‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen naam’, describing novel fungal
species isolated from Dutch soils.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
On SNA, hyphae hyaline, smooth, 1–12 µm wide and chlamydospores absent. Sporulation abundant only from sporodochia
and no conidiophores observed on the aerial mycelium. Sporodochia salmon to orange coloured, formed abundantly only on
the surface of carnation leaves under 12 / 12 h cool fluorescent
light/dark cycle at 25 °C after 5–7 d. Conidiophores in sporodochia 15–30 µm tall, densely and irregularly branched, bearing
apical whorls of 2–4 monophialides; sporodochial monophialides subcylindrical, 10–14 × 2–4 µm, smooth, thin-walled, with
a minute apical collarette. Sporodochial conidia (macroconidia)
falcate, curved, with a papillate and curved apical cell, and tapering towards a foot-like basal cell, (3–)4(–5)-septate, often
showing one or more empty cells, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled.
Three-septate conidia (26–)28.5–33.5(–35) × (3–)3.5–4 µm
(av. 31 × 4 µm); four-septate conidia (29–)31–35(–39) × (3–)
3.5–4.5(–5) µm (av. 33 × 4 µm); five-septate conidia (32–)33–
37(–39) × (3–)3.5–4 µm (av. 35 × 4 µm).
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA growing in the
dark with an average radial growth rate of 3 – 3.5 mm /d at
24 °C, reaching 35–45 mm diam in 7 d. Colony surface buff
to honey with rosy buff to brick margins, raised, velvety to
felty with abundant floccose aerial mycelium; colony margins
irregular and undulate. Reverse dark vinaceous to sepia with
diffuse cinnamon pigment throughout the medium with abundant chlamydospores in the medium and aerial mycelium.
Notes — Based on sequence comparisons of the rpb1, rpb2
and tef1 sequences with those available in the Fusarium-ID
(Geiser et al. 2004) and Fusarium MLST (http://www.cbs.
knaw.nl/fusarium/; O’Donnell et al. 2010) sequence databases
as recommended by O’Donnell et al. (2015), F. petersiae is
a new member of the F. tricinctum species complex, closely
related to F. flocciferum and F. torulosum. Fusarium petersiae
can be distinguished from F. flocciferum (Booth 1971) by the
formation of sporodochia, up to 5-septate macroconidia, and
lack of conidiophores formed on the aerial mycelium. Fusarium
flocciferum is characterised by the lack of sporodochia in culture, but produce abundant (up to 3-septate) macroconidia on
conidiophores carried on the aerial mycelium (Booth 1971).
Fusarium torulosum is very slow growing, usually producing
only 5-septate macroconidia, and sometimes 0 –1-septate
microconidia (Nirenberg 1995) with sporulation also occurring
on the aerial mycelium (Leslie & Summerell 2006).
Typus. the netherlandS, Arnhem, from soil, Mar. 2017, D. Peters (holotype
CBS H-23233, culture ex-type CBS 143231 = JW14004; ITS, LSU, rpb1,
rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank MG386078, MG386131, MG386138,
MG386149 and MG386159, MycoBank MB823350); ibid., JW14005; ITS,
LSU, rpb1, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank MG386079, MG386132,
MG386139, MG386150 and MG386160.
Colour illustrations. Garden were the soil sample was collected; conidial
spore masses, conidiophores, conidia (older conidia developing chlamydospores). Scale bars = 10 µm.
Lorenzo Lombard, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: l.lombard@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
458
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Plectosphaerella niemeijerarum
459
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 713 – 20 December 2017
Plectosphaerella niemeijerarum L. Lombard, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for Flora and Rosalie Niemeijer, who collected this
sample. This species was discovered during a Citizen Science project in the
Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen naam’, describing
novel fungal species isolated from Dutch soils.
Classification — Plectosphaerellaceae, Glomerellales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiophores solitary, unbranched, hyaline, smooth, thinwalled. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, determinate or forming
laterally, hyaline, smooth, with a single basal septum, widest
at the base, straight to sinuous, gradually tapering to the apex,
10–48 × 2–3 µm, with periclinal wall thickening and cylindrical collarette. Conidia aggregate in slimy heads, fusiform to
ellipsoid, tapering to rounded apex and base, hyaline, smooth,
0–1-septate, with a minute apiculus at either end, (3–)4–6 ×
2–3 µm (av. 5 × 2 µm).
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA white, mycelium
appressed, slimy, with sparse aerial mycelium. Aerial mycelium
white, fluffy.
Notes — Plectosphaerella niemeijerarum is phylogenetically
closely related to P. plurivora (on asparagus, Italy; conidia
4.5–10.5 × 2–5 µm; Carlucci et al. 2012), but morphologically
distinct in having smaller conidia, (3–)4–6 × 2–3 µm (av. 5 ×
2 µm).
Based on megablast searches using the ITS sequence of the
ex-type culture, the best matches were to Plectosphaerella sp.
(GenBank KX359601; Identities = 583/584 (99 %), no gaps)
and P. cucumerina (GenBank KP068972; Identities = 554/555
(99 %), no gaps). Based on megablast searches using the tef1
sequence of the ex-type culture, the best matches were to
P. plurivora (GenBank KY421323; Identities 252/262 (96 %),
2 gaps (0 %)) and P. pauciseptata (GenBank KY421322;
Identities 250 /262 (95 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). Based on megablast searches using the tub2 sequence of the ex-type culture,
the best matches were to P. plurivora (GenBank KY421303;
Identities 316/325 (97 %), 4 gaps (1 %)) and P. oligotrophica
(GenBank JX508814; Identities 341/379 (90 %), 9 gaps (2 %)).
Typus. the netherlandS, Nieuwegein, from soil, Feb. 2017, F. & R. Niemeijer (holotype CBS H-23234, culture ex-type CBS 143233 = JW5012; ITS,
LSU, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MG386080, MG386133, MG386161
and MG386172, MycoBank MB823351).
Colour illustrations. Garden from which the soil sample was collected;
conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Lorenzo Lombard, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: l.lombard@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
460
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Talaromyces annesophieae
461
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 714 – 20 December 2017
Talaromyces annesophieae Houbraken, sp. nov.
Etymology. annesophieae, refers to the name of the collector of the extype strain, Anne-Sophie den Boer. This species was discovered during a
Citizen Science project in the Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met
je eigen naam’, describing novel fungal species isolated from Dutch soils.
Typus. the netherlandS, Gelderland, ex soil, Mar. 2017, A.-S. den Boer
(holotype CBS H-23216, culture ex-type = CBS 142939 = DTO 377-F3 =
JW9011; ITS, BenA and CaM sequences GenBank MF574592, MF590098
and MF590104, MycoBank MB823027).
Classification — Talaromyces section Talaromyces, Trichocomaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Notes — Talaromyces annesophieae is phylogenetically
most closely related to T. pinophilus. Talaromyces pinophilus
grows faster than T. annesophieae on the agar media MEA,
CYAS and YES. The most striking difference is the ability of
T. pinophilus to grow on CYA incubated at 37 °C (25–40 mm)
(Yilmaz et al. 2014), while T. annesophieae is unable to grow
at this temperature.
Conidiophores biverticillate, occasionally with an additional
branch. Stipes smooth-walled, 100–150 × 2–3 μm, non-vesiculate. Metuale 4–6, 10–13 × 2–3 μm. Phialides 4–7 per stipe,
lanceolate, 9–12 × 2–3 μm. Conidia smooth-walled, broadly ellipsoidal, 2–3 × 2–2.5 μm. Ascomata or sclerotia not observed.
Culture characteristics — CYA, 25 °C, 7 d: Colonies raised
in centre, weakly radially sulcate; margins irregular, lobate;
mycelium white to pale yellow; texture velvety, velvety to
granular in centre; sporulation weak; conidial colour en masse
indeterminate; exudates droplets present, large, clear; soluble pigment absent; reverse pinkish brown. MEA, 25 °C, 7 d:
Colonies plane, slightly raised in centre, non-sulcate; margins
entire; mycelium white with yellow mycelium covering the
colony; texture velvety, floccose in centre; sporulation strong;
conidial colour en masse dull green; exudates absent; soluble
pigment absent; reverse brown. YES, 25 °C, 7 d: Colonies
raised in centre, non-sulcate; margins entire; mycelium pale
yellow; sporulation absent, conidia en masse indeterminate;
exudate absent; soluble pigment absent; reverse orange-brown
in centre, yellow-brown near colony edge. DG18, 25 °C, 7 d:
Colonies plane, non-sulcate; margins entire; mycelium white
to pale yellow; texture velvety; sporulation moderate; conidial
colour en masse dull to grey green; exudate absent; soluble
pigment absent; reverse pale yellow. OA, 25 °C, 7 d: Colonies
plane, non-sulcate; margins entire; mycelium yellow; texture
velvety, slightly floccose in centre; sporulation strong; conidial
colour en masse dark green; exudate present as clear droplets;
soluble pigment absent; reverse indeterminate. CREA, 25 °C,
7 d: poor growth, acid and base compounds not produced.
Ehrlich reaction negative.
JX091381 T. pinophilus CBS 631.66
97
73
MF590098 T. annesophieae CBS 142939T
JX091380 T. liani CBS 225.66
99
KJ775206 T. sayulitensis DTO 245-H1
KU866844 T. adpressus DTO 317-G4
KF741918 T. veerkampii CBS 500.78
KF183640 T. angelicus CNU 100013
83
KF741912 T. fuscoviridis CBS 193.69
89
T. versatilis DTO 326-B7
KX011487 T. purgamentorum DTO 056-E1
KF183641 T. cnidii CNU 100149
JX091379 T. siamensis CBS 475.88
JX091376 T. flavovirens CBS 102801
KU644581 T. xishaensis HMAS 248732
KF741929 T. aculeatus NRRL 2129
KF741916 T. apiculatus CBS 312.59
88
KU866837 T. beijingensis DTO 317-D8
LT559087 T. rapidus UTHSC DI16-148
JX091382 T. macrosporus CBS 317.63
JX091383 T. funiculosus CBS 272.86
80
KF741928 T. verruculosus NRRL 1050
98
JX091605 T. stellenboschiensis CBS 125665
KF741922 T. australis CBS 137102
KJ775213 T. oumae-annae DTO 269-E8
91
JX091385 T. viridulus CBS 252.87
96
JX494305 T. primulinus CBS 321.48
KP851986 T. kabodanensis DTO 204-F2
100
HQ156944 T. calidicanius CBS 112002
JX091384 T. duclauxii CBS 322.48
72
JX091389 T. marneffei CBS 388.87
JX494302 T. flavus CBS 310.38
JX091387 T. intermedius CBS 152.65
KF741917 T. aurantiacus CBS 314.59
94
100
100
LT559086 T. alveolaris UTHSC DI16-147
KU866843 T. fusiformis DTO 317-F4
JX494306 T. derxii CBS 412.89
KJ865727 T. muroii CBS 756.96
KP765381 T. neofusisporus AS 3.15415
The phylogenetic tree based on partial β-tubulin sequences was
inferred using a maximum likelihood analysis in the MEGA 6
v. 6.06 software package. The Hasegawa-Kishino-Yano model
with gamma distributed (+G) and invariant sites (+I) was the
most suitable and therefore selected. Bootstrap support values
are indicated at the nodes (1 000 bootstraps) and values below
70 % are not shown. The scale bar indicates the expected
number of changes per site.
99
JX494308 T. indigoticus CBS 100534
JX494309 T. rubicundus CBS 342.59
JX091388 T. galapagensis CBS 751.74
93
89
99
JX315623 T. amestolkiae DTO 179-F5
JX315629 T. ruber DTO 193-H6
JX315633 T. stollii CBS 408.93
KX011490 T. amazonensis DTO 093-F9
HQ156948 T. panamensis CBS 128.89
KF741921 T. kendrickii CBS 136666
93
KX447530 T. mangshanicus HMAS 248733
100
KX011489 T. francoae DTO 056-D9
JX494294 T. thailandensis CBS 133147
KP765380 T. qii AS 3.15414
KJ865733 T. euchlorocarpius DTO 176-I3
91
Colour illustrations. Background, collection site (backyard) and collector
(Anne-Sophie den Boer); detail of colony on MEA showing yellow mycelium
covering colony; conidia and conidiophores. Scale bars = 10 µm.
JX315639 T. purpurogenus CBS 286.36
T. stipitatus ATCC 10500
0.01
JX494310 T. viridis CBS 114.72
JX091391 T. dendriticus CBS 660.80
Jos Houbraken, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: j.houbraken@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
462
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
Collariella hilkhuijsenii
463
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 715 – 20 December 2017
Collariella hilkhuijsenii X. Wei Wang, sp. nov.
mata, without aerial hypha, without coloured exudates, reverse
uncoloured.
Etymology. Named for Joost Hilkhuijsen, who collected this specimen.
This species was discovered during a Citizen Science project in the Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen naam’, describing novel
fungal species isolated from Dutch soils.
Typus. the netherlandS, Reeuwijk, from garden soil, Feb. 2017, J. Hilkhuijsen (holotype CBS H-23232, culture ex-type CBS 143305 = JW16019;
ITS, LSU, tub2 and rpb2 sequences GenBank MG432011, MG432012,
MF716586 and MF716587, MycoBank MB823460).
Classification — Chaetomiaceae, Sordariales, Sordariomyces.
Notes — This species appears morphologically similar to
Collariella bostrychodes, but can be distinguished by smaller
ascospores and thinner terminal ascomatal hairs compared
to the ascospores (6 –7 × 5.5 – 6.5 × 4.5 – 5.5 μm) and the
terminal hairs (4 –7 μm near the base) of C. bostrychodes.
Phylogenetically, this species is close to C. quadrangulata that
has quadrangular ascospores.
Ascomata superficial, pale mouse grey in reflected light owing
to ascomatal hairs, obovate to turbinate or ellipsoidal, 250–350
μm high (including the collar), 190–300 μm diam, with a wide
ostiole around a darkened collar, 25–50 μm high and 110–180
μm wide. Ascomatal wall brown, textura globulosa to angularis
in surface view, and often with cells arranged in a petaloid pattern around the bases of lateral hairs. Terminal hairs arising
from the apical collar, conspicuously rough, dark brown, septate,
erect in the lower part, 3–5.5 μm near the base, spirally coiled
in the upper part. Lateral hairs seta-like, tapering and fading
towards the tips. Asci fasciculate, clavate or fusiform, sporebearing part 20–29 × 7–10.5 μm, stalks 12–25 μm long, with
8 irregularly-arranged ascospores, evanescent. Ascospores
olivaceous when mature, limoniform, bilaterally flattened,
(5.5–)6–6.5(–7) × 5– 6 × 4–4.5(–5) μm, with an apical germ
pore. Asexual morph unknown.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA with an entire
edge, about 32 – 38 mm diam in 7 d at 25 °C, forming pale
mouse grey ascomata, without aerial hypha, without coloured
exudates, reverse uncoloured. Colonies on CMA similar to those
on OA, but forming denser ascomata, and some ascomata
developed slower. Colonies on MEA with an entire edge, membranous, about 35–41 mm diam in 7 d at 25 °C, forming dense
and pale mouse grey to mouse grey ascomata and radiating
furrows in the central part, with seven or more concentric rings
around the mass of ascomata which are formed by immersed
hyphae, without aerial hyphae; without coloured exudates,
reverse uncoloured. Colonies on PCA transparent due to very
spare mycelia, with an entire edge, about 31–37 mm diam in
7 d at 25 °C, forming relatively sparse pale mouse grey asco-
Collariella quadrangulata CBS 152.59 (KX976845)
1
0.98
Collariella quadrangulata CBS 142.58 (KX976844)
0.94
Collariella quadra CGMCC3.17917 T (KY575870)
0.92
Collariella hilkhuijsenii JW16019 T
0.95
Collariella causiiformis CBS 792.83 T (KX976840)
Collariella robusta CBS 551.83 T (KX976846)
0.92
1
Collariella virescens CBS 148.68 T (KX976848)
Collariella virescens CBS 547.75 (KX976849)
1
1
1
Collariella gracilis CBS 249.75 (KX976843)
Collariella gracilis CBS 146.60 T (KX976842)
1
Collariella bostrychodes CBS 163.73 (KX976837)
Collariella bostrychodes CBS 586.83 (KX976838)
Collariella carteri CBS 128.85 T (KX976841)
1
Chaetomium globosum CBS 160.62 NeoT (KT214666)
Chaetomium globosum CBS 148.51 (KF001801)
0.03
Colour illustrations. Background, collection site (backyard) and collector
(Joost Hilkhuijsen); ascomata with spirally coiled ascomatal hairs (scale
bar = 100 µm), ascomatal wall, asci, part of a terminal ascomatal hair and
ascospores (scale bars = 10 µm).
Consensus phylogram resulting from a Bayesian analysis of
partial sequences of rpb2 region from representative strains
of Collariella species. The sequences were aligned using
MAFFT v. 7 (Katoh & Standley 2013) and included 852 nucleotides. GTR+I+G was used as the best nucleotide substitution
model and the phylogenetic tree was generated under MrBayes
v. 3.2.1 (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003). Chaetomium globosum (Chaetomiaceae, Sordariales) was used as the outgroup
taxon.
X.W. Wang, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3,
1st Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China;
e-mail: wangxw@im.ac.cn
© 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
464
Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017
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