Fungal Planet description sheets: 400–468

Maria E Ordoñez

Novel species of microfungi described in the present study include the following from South Africa: Camarosporium aloes, Phaeococcomyces aloes and Phoma aloes from Aloe, C. psoraleae, Diaporthe psoraleae and D. psoraleae-pinnatae from Psoralea, Colletotrichum euphorbiae from Euphorbia, Coniothyrium prosopidis and Peyronellaea prosopidis from Prosopis, Diaporthe cassines from Cassine, D. diospyricola from Diospyros, Diaporthe maytenicola from Maytenus, Harknessia proteae from Protea, Neofusicoccum ursorum and N. cryptoaustrale from Eucalyptus, Ochrocladosporium adansoniae from Adansonia, Pilidium pseudoconcavum from Greyia radlkoferi, Stagonospora pseudopaludosa from Phragmites and Toxicocladosporium ficiniae from Ficinia. Several species were also described from Thailand, namely: Chaetopsina pini and C. pinicola from Pinus spp., Myrmecridium thailandicum from reed litter, Passalora pseudotithoniae from Tithonia, Pallidocercospora ventilago from Ventilago, Pyricularia bothriochloae from Bothriochloa and Sphaerulina rhododendricola from Rhododendron. Novelties from Spain include Cladophialophora multiseptata, Knufia tsunedae and Pleuroascus rectipilus from soil and Cyphellophora catalaunica from river sediments. Species from the USA include Bipolaris drechsleri from Microstegium, Calonectria blephiliae from Blephilia, Kellermania macrospora (epitype) and K. pseudoyuccigena from Yucca. Three new species are described from Mexico, namely Neophaeosphaeria agaves and K. agaves from Agave and Phytophthora ipomoeae from Ipomoea. Other African species include Calonectria mossambicensis from Eucalyptus (Mozambique), Harzia cameroonensis from an unknown creeper (Cameroon), Mastigosporella anisophylleae from Anisophyllea (Zambia) and Teratosphaeria terminaliae from Terminalia (Zimbabwe). Species from Europe include Auxarthron longisporum from forest soil (Portugal), Discosia pseudoartocreas from Tilia (Austria), Paraconiothyrium polonense and P. lycopodinum from Lycopodium (Poland) and Stachybotrys oleronensis from Iris (France). Two species of Chrysosporium are described from Antartica, namely C. magnasporum and C. oceanitesii. Finally, Licea xanthospora is described from Australia, Hypochnicium huinayensis from Chile and Custingophora blanchettei from Uruguay. Novel genera of Ascomycetes include Neomycosphaerella from Pseudopentameris macrantha (South Africa), and Paramycosphaerella from Brachystegia sp. (Zimbabwe). Novel hyphomycete genera include Pseudocatenomycopsis from Rothmannia (Zambia), Neopseudocercospora from Terminalia (Zambia) and Neodeightoniella from Phragmites (South Africa), while Dimorphiopsis from Brachystegia (Zambia) represents a novel coelomycetous genus. Furthermore, Alanphillipsia is introduced as a new genus in the Botryosphaeriaceae with four species, A. aloes, A. aloeigena and A. aloetica from Aloe spp. and A. euphorbiae from Euphorbia sp. (South Africa). A new combination is also proposed for Brachysporium torulosum (Deightoniella black tip of banana) as Corynespora torulosa. Morphological and culture characteristics along with ITS DNA barcodes are provided for all taxa.

Abstract Novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from Malaysia: Castanediella eucalypti from Eucalyptus pellita, Codinaea acacia from Acacia mangium, Emarcea eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana, Myrtapenidiella eucalyptorum from Eucalyptus pellita, Pilidiella eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana and Strelitziana malaysiana from Acacia mangium. Furthermore, Stachybotrys sansevieriicola is described from Sansevieria ehrenbergii (Tanzania), Phacidium grevilleae from Grevillea robusta (Uganda), Graphium jumulu from Adansonia gregorii and Ophiostoma eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus marginata (Australia), Pleurophoma ossicola from bone and Plectosphaerella populi from Populus nigra (Germany), Colletotrichum neosansevieriae from Sansevieria trifasciata, Elsinoë othonnae from Othonna quinquedentata and Zeloasperisporium cliviae (Zeloasperisporiaceae fam. nov.) from Clivia sp. (South Africa), Neodevriesia pakbiae, Phaeophleospora hymenocallidis and Phaeophleospora hymenocallidicola on leaves of a fern (Thailand), Melanconium elaeidicola from Elaeis guineensis (Indonesia), Hormonema viticola from Vitis vinifera (Canary Islands), Chlorophyllum pseudoglobossum from a grassland (India), Triadelphia disseminata from an immunocompromised patient (Saudi Arabia), Colletotrichum abscissum from Citrus (Brazil), Polyschema sclerotigenum and Phialemonium limoniforme from human patients (USA), Cadophora vitícola from Vitis vinifera (Spain), Entoloma flavovelutinum and Bolbitius aurantiorugosus from soil (Vietnam), Rhizopogon granuloflavus from soil (Cape Verde Islands), Tulasnella eremophila from Euphorbia officinarum subsp. echinus (Morocco), Verrucostoma martinicensis from Danaea elliptica (French West Indies), Metschnikowia colchici from Colchicum autumnale (Bulgaria), Thelebolus microcarpus from soil (Argentina) and Ceratocystis adelpha from Theobroma cacao (Ecuador). Myrmecridium iridis (Myrmecridiales ord. nov., Myrmecridiaceae fam. nov.) is also described from Iris sp. (The Netherlands). Novel genera include (Ascomycetes): Budhanggurabania from Cynodon dactylon (Australia), Soloacrosporiella, Xenocamarosporium, Neostrelitziana and Castanediella from Acacia mangium and Sabahriopsis from Eucalyptus brassiana (Malaysia), Readerielliopsis from basidiomata of Fuscoporia wahlbergii (French Guyana), Neoplatysporoides from Aloe ferox (Tanzania), Wojnowiciella, Chrysofolia and Neoeriomycopsis from Eucalyptus (Colombia), Neophaeomoniella from Eucalyptus globulus (USA), Pseudophaeomoniella from Olea europaea (Italy), Paraphaeomoniella from Encephalartos altensteinii, Aequabiliella, Celerioriella and Minutiella from Prunus (South Africa). Tephrocybella (Basidiomycetes) represents a novel genus from wood (Italy). Morphological and culture characteristics along with ITS DNA barcodes are provided for all taxa.

The Manjacazi district is composed of vast alluvial plains with aplenty clay soils in their numerous valleys. Regardless of its high proportion, clay soils from Manjacazi are only exploited for conventional pottery and local ceramic bricks. This is basically because the potentialities of these clay soil have not been evaluated. Up to the present moment, no study that evaluates the potential applications of these clay soils is available. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of the Manjacazi clay soils as industrial mineral resources for the ceramics industry by studying their ceramic properties as well as drying and firing behaviours. The ceramic properties of the fired clay briquettes of Manjacazi were interpreted by linear shrinkage, compressive strength, and water absorption. The Manjacazi clays are distributed in loam, clay loam, clay, sandy clay loam, and sandy loam in the grain size distribution diagram. Besides, they are low plastic organic silts with low compressibilit...

Persoonia 36, 2016: 316 – 458 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158516X692185 Fungal Planet description sheets: 400–468 P.W. Crous1,2, M.J. Wingﬁeld 3, D.M. Richardson 4, J.J. Le Roux 4, D. Strasberg5, J. Edwards 6, F. Roets7, V. Hubka8, P.W.J. Taylor 9, M. Heykoop10, M.P. Martín11, G. Moreno10, D.A. Sutton12, N.P. Wiederhold12, C.W. Barnes13, J.R. Carlavilla10, J. Gené14, A. Giraldo1,2, V. Guarnaccia1, J. Guarro14, M. Hernández-Restrepo1,2, M. Kolařík15, J.L. Manjón10, I.G. Pascoe 6, E.S. Popov16, M. Sandoval-Denis14, J.H.C. Woudenberg1, K. Acharya17, A.V. Alexandrova18, P. Alvarado19, R.N. Barbosa 20, I.G. Baseia 21, R.A. Blanchette 22, T. Boekhout 3, T.I. Burgess 23, J.F. Cano-Lira14, A. Čmoková 8, R.A. Dimitrov 24, M.Yu. Dyakov18, M. Dueñas11, A.K. Dutta17, F. EsteveRaventós10, A.G. Fedosova16, J. Fournier 25, P. Gamboa 26, D.E. Gouliamova 27, T. Grebenc 28, M. Groenewald1, B. Hanse 29, G.E.St.J. Hardy 23, B.W. Held 22, Ž. Jurjević 30, T. Kaewgrajang 31, K.P.D. Latha 32, L. Lombard1, J.J. Luangsa-ard 33, P. Lysková 34, N. Mallátová 35, P. Manimohan 32, A.N. Miller 36, M. Mirabolfathy 37, O.V. Morozova 16, M. Obodai 38, N.T. Oliveira20, M.E. Ordóñez 39, E.C. Otto22, S. Paloi17, S.W. Peterson 40, C. Phosri 41, J. Roux3, W.A. Salazar 39, A. Sánchez10, G.A. Sarria42, H.-D. Shin43, B.D.B. Silva21, G.A. Silva 20, M.Th. Smith1, C.M. Souza-Motta 44, A.M. Stchigel14, M.M. Stoilova-Disheva 27, M.A. Sulzbacher 45, M.T. Telleria11, C. Toapanta 46, J.M. Traba 47, N. Valenzuela-Lopez14,48, R. Watling 49, J.Z. Groenewald1 Key words ITS DNA barcodes LSU novel fungal species systematics Abstract Novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from Australia: Vermiculariopsi ella eucalypti, Mulderomyces natalis (incl. Mulderomyces gen. nov.), Fusicladium paraamoenum, Neotrimmatostroma paraexcentricum, and Pseudophloeospora eucalyptorum on leaves of Eucalyptus spp., Anungitea grevilleae (on leaves of Grevillea sp.), Pyrenochaeta acaciae (on leaves of Acacia sp.), and Brunneocarpos banksiae (incl. Brun neocarpos gen. nov.) on cones of Banksia attenuata. Novel foliicolous taxa from South Africa include Neosulcati spora strelitziae (on Strelitzia nicolai), Colletotrichum ledebouriae (on Ledebouria floridunda), Cylindrosympodioides brabejum (incl. Cylindrosympodioides gen. nov.) on Brabejum stellatifolium, Sclerostagonospora ericae (on Erica sp.), Setophoma cyperi (on Cyperus sphaerocephala), and Phaeosphaeria breonadiae (on Breonadia microcephala). Novelties described from Robben Island (South Africa) include Wojnowiciella cissampeli and Diaporthe cissampeli (both on Cissampelos capensis), Phaeotheca salicorniae (on Salicornia meyeriana), Paracylindrocarpon aloicola (incl. Paracylindrocarpon gen. nov.) on Aloe sp., and Libertasomyces myopori (incl. Libertasomyces gen. nov.) on Myoporum serratum. Several novelties are recorded from La Réunion (France), namely Phaeosphaeriopsis agapanthi (on Agapanthus sp.), Roussoella solani (on Solanum mauritianum), Vermiculariopsiella acaciae (on Acacia heterophylla), Dothiorella acacicola (on Acacia mearnsii ), Chalara clidemiae (on Clidemia hirta), Cytospora tibouchinae (on Tibouchina semidecandra), Diaporthe ocoteae (on Ocotea obtusata), Castanediella eucalypticola, Phaeophleospora eucalypticola and Fusicladium eucalypticola (on Eucalyptus robusta), Lareunionomyces syzygii (incl. Lareunionomyces gen. nov.) and Parawiesneriomyces syzygii (incl. Parawiesneriomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Syzygium jambos. Novel taxa from the USA include Meristemomyces arctostaphylos (on Arctostaphylos patula), Ochroconis dracaenae (on Dracaena reflexa), Rasamsonia columbiensis (air of a hotel conference room), Paecilo myces tabacinus (on Nicotiana tabacum), Toxicocladosporium hominis (from human broncoalveolar lavage fluid), Nothophoma macrospora (from respiratory secretion of a patient with pneumonia), and Penidiellopsis radicularis (incl. Penidiellopsis gen. nov.) from a human nail. Novel taxa described from Malaysia include Prosopidicola albiz ziae (on Albizzia falcataria), Proxipyricularia asari (on Asarum sp.), Diaporthe passifloricola (on Passiflora foetida), Paramycoleptodiscus albizziae (incl. Paramycoleptodiscus gen. nov.) on Albizzia falcataria, and Malaysiasca phaii (incl. Malaysiasca gen. nov.) on Phaius reflexipetalus. Two species are newly described from human patients in the Czech Republic, namely Microascus longicollis (from toenails of patient with suspected onychomycosis), and Chrysosporium echinulatum (from sole skin of patient). Furthermore, Alternaria quercicola is described on leaves of Quercus brantii (Iran), Stemphylium beticola on leaves of Beta vulgaris (The Netherlands), Scleroderma capever deanum on soil (Cape Verde Islands), Scleroderma dunensis on soil, and Blastobotrys meliponae from bee honey (Brazil), Ganoderma mbrekobenum on angiosperms (Ghana), Geoglossum raitviirii and Entoloma krutiсianum on soil (Russia), Priceomyces vitoshaensis on Pterostichus melas (Carabidae) (Bulgaria) is the only one for which the family is listed, Ganoderma ecuadoriense on decaying wood (Ecuador), Thyrostroma cornicola on Cornus officinalis (Korea), Cercophora vinosa on decorticated branch of Salix sp. (France), Coprinus pinetorum, Coprinus littoralis and Xerocomellus poederi on soil (Spain). Two new genera from Colombia include Helminthosporiella and Uwemyces on leaves of Elaeis oleifera. Two species are described from India, namely Russula intervenosa (ectomycorrhizal with Shorea robusta), and Crinipellis odorata (on bark of Mytragyna parviflora). Novelties from Thailand include Cyphellophora gamsii (on leaf litter), Pisolithus aureosericeus and Corynascus citrinus (on soil). Two species are newly described from Citrus in Italy, namely Dendryphiella paravinosa on Citrus sinensis, and Ramularia citricola on Citrus floridana. Morphological and culture characteristics along with ITS nrDNA barcodes are provided for all taxa. Article info Received: 1 March 2016; Accepted: 15 May 2016; Published: 4 July 2016. © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures You are free to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work, under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner speciﬁed by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non-commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No derivative works: You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work, which can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode. Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. Nothing in this license impairs or restricts the author’s moral rights. 317 Fungal Planet description sheets Acknowledgements Financial support was provided to María P. Martín, Margarita Dueñas and M. Teresa Telleria by Plan Nacional I+D+I projects No. CGL2009-07231 and CGL2012-35559. They also acknowledge Marian Glenn (Seton Hall University, USA) for her revision of the English text. Anna G. Fedosova and Eugene S. Popov acknowledge ﬁnancial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project 15-29-02622). Gabriel Moreno, Juan Ramón Carlavilla, Michel Heykoop and José Luis Manjón wish to express their gratitude to Miguel Martin Calvo (Sociedad Micológica de Madrid) and Manuel Castro-Marcote for sending them fungal collections; to Dr L. Monje and Mr A. Pueblas of the Department of Drawing and Scientiﬁc Photography at the University of Alcalá for their help in the digital preparation of the photographs; to Dr J. Rejos, curator of the AH herbarium, for his assistance with the specimens examined in the present study. Olga V. Morozova and Eugene S. Popov are grateful to the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project 15-04-04645a) for ﬁnancial support. Alina V. Alexandrova and Maxim Yu. Dyakov acknowledge ﬁnancial support from the Russian Science Foundation (project N 14-50-00029). K.P.D. Latha acknowledges support from the Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment (KSCSTE) in the form of a PhD fellowship (Grant No. 001/FSHP/2011/CSTE) and is thankful to the Principal Chief Conservator of forests, Kerala State, for granting permission (No. WL10- 4937/2012, dated 03-10-2013) to collect agarics from the forests of Kerala. The research of Vit Hubka, Miroslav Kolařík and Adéla Čmoková was supported through a grant from the Charles University Grant Agency (GAUK 8615) and by the 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; corresponding author e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl. Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, P. Bag X20, Pretoria 0028, South Africa. Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa. Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa. Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, 15 avenue René Cassin, CS 93002, 97 744 Saint-Denis Messag. Cedex 9, La Réunion, France. AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 5 Ring Road, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia. Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic. Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia. Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain. Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain. Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, Texas 782293900, USA. Departamento Nacional de Protección Vegetal, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Panamericana Sur Km. 1 vía Tambillo, Cantón Mejía, Provincia de Pichincha, Quito, Ecuador. Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain. Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the AS CR, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic. Laboratory of Systematics and Geography of Fungi, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia. Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal, India. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Faculty of Biology, 119234, 1, 12 Leninskie Gory Str., Moscow, Russia. ALVALAB, La Rochela n° 47, E-39012, Santander, Spain. Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil. Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, 495 Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures project ‘BIOCEV–Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University’ (CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0109) from the European Regional Development Fund. Dilnora E. Gouliamova, Margarita M. Stoilova-Disheva and Roumen A. Dimitrov acknowledge support from the Bulgarian Science Fund (D002-TK-176) and EU FP6 Research and Infrastructure Synthesis grant. They are also grateful to Dr Borislav Guéorguiev for the identiﬁcation of insects. Margarita Hernández-Restrepo and Pedro W. Crous thank Prof. Uwe Braun (Martin-Luther Univ. Halle, Germany) for his comments on the fungi described as Helminthosporiella and Uwemyces. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing speciﬁc information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Johannes J. le Roux and David M. Richardson acknowledge funding from the DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology. J. Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Alejandra Giraldo and Pedro W. Crous have received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research innovation and staff exchange programme (RISE) under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 645701. Francois Roets and Pedro W. Crous thank the management board of Robben Island Museum, the Western Cape Nature Conservation board and Sabelo Madlala for permission to undertake research on Robben Island. Josepa Gené acknowledges ﬁnancial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad grant CGL 2011-27185. Maria E. Ordóñez and colleagues acknowledge ﬁnancial support from Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del Ecuador (SENESCYT, Arca de Noé Initiative). 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. Soﬁa University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 5 James Bourchier Blvd., Soﬁa 1164, Bulgaria. Las Muros, 09420 Rimont, France. Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Medicina, Carrera de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Av. América, Quito, Ecuador. The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev 26, Soﬁa 1113, Bulgaria. Slovenian Forestry Institute Vecna pot 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia. IRS, P.O. Box 32, 4600 AA Bergen op Zoom, The Netherlands. EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077, USA. Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd, Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala, 673 635, India. Microbe Interaction Laboratory, BIOTEC, Thailand Science Park, Khlong Nueng, Klong Luang Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand. Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Mycobacteriology Prague, Public Health Institute in Usti nad Labem, Sokolovská 60, 186 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic. Laboratory of Mycology and Parasitology, Hospital České Budějovice, B. Němcové 585/54, 370 01 České Budějovice, Czech Republic. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA. Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran. CSIR-Food Research Institute, P.O. Box M20, Accra, Ghana. Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontiﬁcia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador. Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA. Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, 214, Moo 12, Nittayo Road, Nong Yart Sub-district, Muang District, Nakhon Phanom, 48000, Thailand. Corporación Centro de Investigación en Palma de Aceite (CENIPALMA), Colombia. Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea. URM Culture Collection, Recife, Brazil. Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CCR, Campus Universitário, 971050-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontiﬁcia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador. Plaza de España 1, E 15001 A Coruña, Spain. 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Caledonian Mycological Enterprises, Vrelah, 26 Blinkbonny Avenue, Edinburgh, EH4 3HU, Scotland, UK. 318 Dothideomycetes Tubeu fiales Botryosphaeriales Venturiales Acrosper males Pleosporales J01355.1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae EU019279.1 Phaeotheca triangularis Incertae sedis Fungal Planet 423 - Phaeotheca salicorniae GU214469.1 Polychaeton citri GU214400.1 Capnodium coffeae Capnodiaceae JN832615.1 Capnodium coartatum EU981289.1 Phaeotheca fissurella Incertae sedis FJ790305.1 Toxicocladosporium rubrigenum Fungal Planet 451 - Toxicocladosporium hominis EU040243.2 Toxicocladosporium irritans Cladosporiaceae 0.59 JX069858.1 Toxicocladosporium strelitziae HQ599599.1 Toxicocladosporium banksiae KJ869221.1 Acervuloseptoria ziziphicola 0.67 GQ852679.1 Sonderhenia eucalypticola Fungal Planet 468 - Uwemyces elaeidis Fungal Planet 415 - Phaeophleospora eucalypticola KR476772.1 Phaeophleospora hymenocallidicola KJ869188.1 Phaeophleospora parsoniae Mycosphae 0.96 FJ493207.1 Phaeophleospora eugeniae 0.61 rellaceae FJ493209.2 Phaeophleospora eugeniicola AY490776.2 Ramularia endophylla KP894124.1 Ramularia nyssicola GU214691.1 Ramularia grevilleana 0.99 Fungal Planet 410 - Ramularia citricola KF251725.1 Ramularia lamii GU214429.1 Hortaea thailandica 0.88 Fungal Planet 412 - Meristemomyces arctostaphylos 0.92 GU250401.1 Meristemomyces frigidus FJ493221.1 Teratosphaeria alboconidia EU019296.1 Teratosphaeria zuluensis GU323213.1 Teratosphaeria fibrillosa Teratosphae JF499862.1 Penidiella aggregata 0.54 riaceae KC005792.1 Penidiella drakensbergensis Fungal Planet 460 - Penidiellopsis radicularis 0.99 GQ852628.1 Phaeothecoidea intermedia KF442565.1 Phaeothecoidea minutispora 0.69 Fungal Planet 432 - Neotrimmatostroma paraexcentricum KF901840.1 Neotrimmatostroma excentricum KP057802.1 Wiesneriomyces laurinus KJ425450.1 Wiesneriomyces conjunctosporus Wiesneriomycetaceae Fungal Planet 435 - Parawiesneriomyces syzygii 0.91 KM052851.1 Pseudogliophragma indicum DQ377914.1 Neofusicoccum andinum 0.81 KF766320.1 Neofusicoccum vitifusiforme KT189496.1 Neofusicoccum parvum 0.64 0.99 JX556253.1 Neofusicoccum australe 0.90 KF766369.1 Neofusicoccum luteum KR611900.1 Dothiorella ulmicola Botryosphaeriaceae JQ239416.1 Dothiorella brevicollis 0.94 KF766328.1 Dothiorella longicollis 0.99 JQ239418.1 Dothiorella pretoriensis 0.83 0.67 Fungal Planet 417 - Dothiorella acacicola KF766391.1 Spencermartinsia rosulata DQ377871.1 Spencermartinsia viticola KX228353.1 Cylindrosympodium variabile Venturiaceae s.lat. EU0354141 Cylindrosympodium lauri Fungal Planet 406 - Cylindrosympodioides brabejum Incertae sedis EU035463.1 Venturia maculiformis EU035446.1 Protoventuria alpina Venturiaceae s.str. EU035461.1 Venturia lonicerae 0.93 JQ036233.1 Protoventuria major 0.99 Fungal Planet 425 - Fusicladium eucalypticola HQ599601.1 Fusicladium eucalypti Sympoventuriaceae EU035424.1 Fusicladium africanum EU035432.1 Fusicladium intermedium EU035425.1 Fusicladium amoenum Fungal Planet 429 - Fusicladium paraamoenum 2x KF282652.1 Ochroconis constricta AB564618.1 Ochroconis humicola KT272083.1 Ochroconis musae 0.98 Fungal Planet 430 - Ochroconis dracaenae EU940104.1 Acrospermum adeanum Incertae sedis KP004477.1 Arxiella dolichandrae Fungal Planet 426 - Paramycoleptodiscus albizziae JN711859.1 Mycoleptodiscus terrestris AB807566.1 Periconia igniaria Periconiaceae EU552104.1 Pseudocamarosporium brabeji Didymosphaeriaceae Fungal Planet 407 - Dendryphiella paravinosa 0.91 KJ869196.1 Dendryphiella eucalyptorum Dictyosporiaceae 0.99 0.94 EU848590.1 Dendryphiella vinosa 0.97 KJ474846.1 Roussoella thailandica 0.64 KJ474843.1 Roussoella nitidula Fungal Planet 409 - Roussoella solani Roussoellaceae 0.83 KJ474841.1 Roussoella neopustulans 0.98 KF443382.1 Roussoella intermedia KF251654.1 Corynespora leucadendri 0.52 KP004478.1 Corynespora endiandrae 0.62 Fungal Planet 459 - Helminthosporiella stilbacea 0.98 FJ795449.1 Massarina eburnea AB807522.1 Helminthosporium magnisporum 0.56 Massarinaceae AB807521.1 Helminthosporium dalbergiae 0.63 AB807539.1 Massarina cisti JQ044448.1 Corynespora olivacea 0.96 AB807530.1 Helminthosporium velutinum 0.94 GU205217.1 Byssothecium circinans Capnodiales Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 0.1 Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 42 902 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (173 taxa including outgroup; 743 aligned positions; 375 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.5 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families, orders and classes are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession numbers are indicated in front of the species names. The tree was rooted to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (GenBank J01355.1) and the novel species described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 19280). 319 Fungal Planet description sheets 0.1 Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny (cont.) © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures Incertae sedis Cucurbitariaceae Incertae sedis Incertae sedis Pleosporaceae Coniothyriaceae Didymellaceae Coniothyriaceae Phaeosphaeriaceae Dothideomycetes (continued) Incertae sedis Pleosporales (continued) GQ387620.1 Phialophorophoma litoralis EU754206.1 Pyrenochaeta nobilis KP120927.1 Camarosporium arezzoensis KP744478.1 Camarosporium aureum KR476754.1 Neoplatysporoides aloicola DQ377883.1 Camarosporium quaternatum Fungal Planet 428 - Libertasomyces myopori KF251653.1 Coniothyrium sidae KJ869209.1 Pyrenochaeta pinicola 0.79 Fungal Planet 413 - Pyrenochaeta acaciae 0.94 JQ044453.1 Pyrenochaeta protearum AY849955.1 Pleospora halophila 0.74 KC584345.1 Pleospora tarda Fungal Planet 442 - Stemphylium beticola KJ790251.1 Pleospora herbarum 0.80 KP124545.1 Alternaria alternata 0.79 0.89 KC584319.1 Alternaria slovaca KC584266.1 Alternaria conjuncta Fungal Planet 441 - Alternaria quercicola KP711384.1 Alternaria cesenica KF251712.1 Coniothyrium carteri EU167561.1 Pleiochaeta ghindensis 0.93 EU167563.1 Pleiochaeta setosa Fungal Planet 400 - Thyrostroma cornicola KX228302.1 Thyrostroma compactum KX228301.1 Thyrostroma compactum GU253716.1 Phaeomycocentrospora cantuariensis 0.58 GU238152.1 Ascochyta versabilis GU238139.1 Didymella rhei 0.69 GU237999.1 Didymella aurea 0.94 GU238086.1 Xenodidymella humicola KT389766.1 Xenodidymella asphodeli EU754133.1 Ascochyta fabae GU238037.1 Didymella aliena KP330444.1 Ascochyta pisi 0.56 GU238116.1 Didymella negriana GU237993.1 Didymella anserina GU238079.1 Nothophoma gossypiicola 0.94 Fungal Planet 456 - Nothophoma macrospora GU238039.1 Nothophoma anigozanthi 0.98 GU238089.1 Nothophoma infossa GU238043.1 Nothophoma arachidishypogaeae GQ387598.1 Coniothyrium glycines KT950867.1 Neosulcatispora agaves 0.91 Fungal Planet 403 - Neosulcatispora strelitziae 0.90 GQ387591.1 Phaeosphaeria oryzae KP004480.1 Phaeosphaeria podocarpi 0.93 KM434276.1 Phaeosphaeria thysanolaenicola 0.78 KP744502.1 Phaeosphaeria musae KM434278.1 Phaeosphaeria musae KR873278.1 Septoriella hirta 0.60 Fungal Planet 420 - Wojnowiciella cissampeli 0.97 KP684151.1 Wojnowicia lonicerae 0.98 KP684149.1 Wojnowicia dactylidis KR476774.1 Wojnowiciella eucalypti 0.87 KM434282.1 Ophiosphaerella agrostidis 0.96 KP690985.1 Ophiosphaerella korrae 0.98 KP690992.1 Ophiosphaerella herpotricha 0.99 KC848510.1 Ophiosphaerella narmari 0.96 Fungal Planet 433 - Setophoma cyperi KF251751.1 Setophoma terrestris 0.85 0.62 KF251748.1 Setophoma sacchari KJ869198.1 Setophoma vernoniae EU754218.1 Stagonospora neglecta var. colorata KF366382.1 Scolicosporium minkeviciusii KF251667.1 Neostagonospora caricis 0.82 Fungal Planet 416 - Sclerostagonospora ericae DQ286772.1 Sclerostagonospora opuntiae 0.96 KP271444.1 Phaeosphaeria pleurospora Fungal Planet 440 - Phaeosphaeria breonadiae KT383798.1 Didymocyrtis aff. consimilis KF251682.1 Parastagonospora poae 0.56 JX681115.1 Parastagonospora nodorum 0.94 0.83 KT383800.1 Didymocyrtis melanelixiae 0.71 KJ522480.1 Phaeosphaeriopsis triseptata 0.94 Fungal Planet 408 - Phaeosphaeriopsis agapanthi 0.51 JX681119.1 Phaeosphaeriopsis obtusispora 0.93 GQ387592.1 Phaeosphaeriopsis glaucopunctata 320 Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 4 352 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (42 taxa including outgroup; 769 aligned positions; 421 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.5 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families, orders and classes are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession numbers are indicated in front of the species names. The tree was rooted to Diaporthe eres (GenBank AF362565.1) and the novel species described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 19280). Leotiomycetes Geoglos Ostro sales pales Geoglosso Lecanoro mycetes mycetes Helotiales Mycoca liciales Eurotiomycetes Chaeto thyriales Onygenales Saccharomycetes Eurotiales Saccharomycetales Polyporales Agaricomycetes Overview Saccharomycotina and Agaricomycotina phylogeny Agaricales AF362565.1 Diaporthe eres AY442294.1 Blastobotrys attinorum Trichomonascaceae DQ442684.1 Blastobotrys proliferans 0.99 Fungal Planet 462 - Blastobotrys meliponae U45743.1 Priceomyces carsonii Debaryomycetaceae U45770.1 Priceomyces haplophilus Fungal Planet 455 - Priceomyces fermenticarens U45740.1 Priceomyces melissophilus Fungal Planet 455 - Priceomyces northwykensis Fungal Planet 455 - Priceomyces vitoshaensis Fungal Planet 449 - Ganoderma mbrekobenum 0.75 AY333807.1 Ganoderma australe 0.60 JX310803.1 Ganoderma tornatum 0.73 KF495009.1 Ganoderma applanatum Ganodermataceae AB368068.1 Ganoderma lucidum KU220017.1 Ganoderma hoehnelianum 0.57 KU220025.1 Ganoderma williamsianum 0.77 Fungal Planet 461 - Ganoderma ecuadoriense 2x AY207179.1 Coprinus comatus Fungal Planet 453 - Coprinus littoralis Agaricaceae Fungal Planet 454 - Coprinus pinetorum KU686908.1 Coprinus spadiceisporus AY691891.1 Entoloma sinuatum Fungal Planet 457 - Entoloma kruticianum Entolomataceae KC710133.1 Entoloma conferendum GQ289204.1 Entoloma vezzenaense 0.92 GQ289150.1 Entoloma abortivum 0.99 DQ421997.1 Russula emetica JF834489.1 Russula brunneola Russulaceae Fungal Planet 463 - Russula intervenosa EU019938.1 Russula rostraticystidia JQ924322.1 Xerocomellus cisalpinus 0.70 Fungal Planet 458 - Xerocomellus poederi Boletaceae 0.99 KF030276.1 Xerocomellus chrysenteron KF030275.1 Xerocomellus zelleri AF336271.1 Scleroderma verrucosum EU718149.1 Scleroderma areolatum 0.91 DQ644138.1 Scleroderma bovista Sclerodermataceae KU759903.1 Scleroderma nitidum 0.99 Fungal Planet 448 - Scleroderma dunensis 0.84 AF261533.1 Scleroderma columnare 0.99 Fungal Planet 447 - Scleroderma capeverdeanum 0.10 0.99 Russu lales Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 9 452 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (46 taxa including outgroup; 751 aligned positions; 348 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.5 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families, orders and classes are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession numbers are indicated in front of the species names. The tree was rooted to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (GenBank J01355.1) and the novel species described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 19280). J01355.1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fungal Planet 419 - Mulderomyces natalis Incertae sedis HQ639664.1 Reimnitzia santensis Graphidaceae KP004481.1 Phacidiella podocarpi Incertae sedis AY300864.1 Stictis radiata Stictidaceae Fungal Planet 450 Geoglossum raitviirii 0.99 JQ256438.1 Geoglossum umbratile AY533015.1 Geoglossum glabrum Geoglossaceae 0.51 JQ256437.1 Geoglossum simile 0.55 KC222137.1 Geoglossum difforme GU727553.1 Cistella spicicola Hyaloscyphaceae s.lat. 0.90 0.67 KP234354.1 Fontanospora eccentrica Helotiaceae KP234355.1 Fontanospora fusiramosa 0.99 Fungal Planet 434 - Lareunionomyces syzygii Incertae sedis HQ609476.1 Exochalara longissima JN086685.1 Calycellina populina Hyaloscyphaceae s.lat. 0.84 JN086682.1 Urceolella crispula FJ176252.1 Chalara fungorum FJ176253.1 Chalara parvispora 0.92 0.95 Incertae sedis FJ176254.1 Chalara crassipes 0.96 FJ176249.1 Chalara africana Fungal Planet 418 - Chalara clidemiae AY853379.1 Mycocalicium subtile 0.97 AY795996.1 Chaenothecopsis golubkovae 0.90 Fungal Planet 466 - Brunneocarpos banksiae Mycocaliciaceae 0.93 AY796002.1 Mycocalicium sequoiae 0.99 KF157987.1 Chaenothecopsis montana KC455263.1 Cyphellophora reptans 0.87 Fungal Planet 405 - Cyphellophora gamsii Cyphello 0.59 phoraceae JQ766471.1 Cyphellophora laciniata KC455259.1 Cyphellophora europaea 0.98 AB232893.1 Coccidioides immitis AB232901.1 Coccidioides posadasii 0.99 Onygenaceae AB040693.1 Aphanoascus mephitalis 0.98 AB075347.1 Aphanoascus saturnoideus 0.98 AB075345.1 Aphanoascus durus 0.67 Fungal Planet 446 - Chrysosporium echinulatum Fungal Planet 445 - Paecilomyces tabacinus 0.95 FJ358279.1 Byssochlamys nivea 0.94 Thermoascaceae JF922032.1 Byssochlamys spectabilis FJ345354.1 Paecilomyces variotii AF033387.1 Rasamsonia emersonii DQ010015.1 Rasamsonia emersonii Trichocomaceae 0.89 KC150021.1 Rasamsonia argillacea 0.68 Fungal Planet 443 - Rasamsonia columbiensis AF033386.1 Rasamsonia cylindrospora 0.10 Boletales Overview Eurotiomycetes, Geoglossomycetes, Lecanoromycetes and Leotiomycetes phylogeny Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 321 Fungal Planet description sheets Hypocreales Microascales Glomerellales Chaeto sphaeriales Diaporthales Sordariomycetes Sordariales Magnaporthales Xylariales J01355.1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae HQ599593.1 Pseudophloeospora eucalypti Incertae sedis Fungal Planet 436 - Pseudophloeospora eucalyptorum 0.53 EU035441.1 Polyscytalum fecundissimum Incertae sedis Fungal Planet 402 - Anungitea grevilleae KJ869176.1 Anungitea eucalyptorum 0.93 DQ923534.1 Phlogicylindrium eucalypti 0.95 Phlogicylindriaceae EU040223.1 Phlogicylindrium eucalyptorum EU552101.1 Anthostomella proteae JF440974.1 Collodiscula japonica Xylariaceae 0.97 AY544648.1 Xylaria hypoxylon 0.98 KP858987.1 Castanediella couratarii KP858988.1 Castanediella cagnizarii 0.68 KR476763.1 Castanediella acaciae Incertae sedis 0.99 Fungal Planet 414 - Castanediella eucalypticola KR476758.1 Castanediella eucalypti Fungal Planet 437 - Proxipyricularia asari KM484986.1 Proxipyricularia zingiberis KM484990.1 Pseudopyricularia cyperi KT950865.1 Pseudopyricularia hagahagae KM484993.1 Pseudopyricularia kyllingae Pyriculariaceae KM484995.1 Pyricularia grisea 0.70 KM009151.1 Neopyricularia commelinicola 0.99 KM485042.1 Xenopyricularia zizaniicola 0.78 KM485028.1 Pyricularia oryzae 0.56 KM485032.1 Pyricularia pennisetigena 0.63 JX280738 Chaetomium umbonatum JX280700 Chaetomium globosum LK932706 Corynascus fumimontanus LK932708 Corynascus sexualis Chaetomiaceae 0.92 Fungal Planet 465 - Corynascus citrinus FJ666364.1 Corynascus sepedonium 0.99 LK932704.1 Corynascus verrucosus 0.58 KX171943.1 Cercophora solaris Fungal Planet 467 - Cercophora vinosa 0.98 AY587936.1 Cercophora areolata JN673036.1 Cercophora aquatica 0.94 Lasiosphaeriaceae AY436414.1 Lasiosphaeria rugulosa 0.67 0.94 AY436410.1 Lasiosphaeria glabrata AF064643.1 Lasiosphaeria ovina 0.94 AY436415.1 Lasiosphaeria sorbina AF408357.1 Diaporthe pustulata Fungal Planet 438 - Diaporthe passifloricola Fungal Planet 439 - Diaporthe ocoteae 0.86 KT207683.1 Diaporthe arecae Diaporthaceae AF362565.1 Diaporthe eres 0.66 KF777209.1 Diaporthe diospyricola 0.63 0.99 Fungal Planet 421 - Diaporthe cissampeli JX069848.1 Diaporthe canthii JQ926271.1 Melanconiella ellisii AF408369.1 Melanconiella chrysostroma Melanconidaceae JQ926301.1 Melanconiella spodiaea JQ862750.1 Cryphonectria decipiens Cryphonectriaceae JN940857.1 Cryphonectria parasitica 0.53 Fungal Planet 422 - Prosopidicola albizziae Incertae sedis KX228354.1 Prosopidicola mexicana 0.92 Fungal Planet 431 - Cytospora tibouchinae EU552121.1 Cytospora pruinosa 0.73 0.97 KT459412.1 Cytospora tanaitica Valsaceae 0.76 DQ923537.1 Cytospora diatrypelloidea 0.96 EU552120.1 Cytospora eucalypticola EF063575.1 Dictyochaeta cylindrospora Fungal Planet 401 - Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti Chaeto sphaeriaceae Fungal Planet 411 - Vermiculariopsiella acaciae KJ869186.1 Vermiculariopsiella dichapetali Fungal Planet 427 - Malaysiasca phaii Incertae sedis GU180640.1 Monilochaetes guadalcanalensis GU180639.1 Monilochaetes infuscans 0.55 Australiascaceae HM237323.1 Australiasca queenslandica 0.67 HQ609480.1 Monilochaetes dimorphospora 0.54 DQ286222.1 Colletotrichum agaves Fungal Planet 404 - Colletotrichum ledebouriae Glomerellaceae 0.76 KR476780.1 Colletotrichum neosansevieriae KF777203.1 Colletotrichum euphorbiae 0.68 JN940411.1 Colletotrichum brevisporum Fungal Planet 444 - Microascus longicollis LN850830.1 Microascus senegalensis LN850832.1 Microascus trigonosporus Microascaceae LN850815.1 Microascus cinereus 0.86 LN850812.1 Microascus cirrosus LN850817.1 Microascus gracilis HQ231988.1 Acremonium alternatum AY489730.1 Hydropisphaera peziza AF373281.1 Nalanthamala squamicola Bionectriaceae GQ505994.1 Lasionectria mantuana 0.66 GQ506013.1 Verrucostoma freycinetiae 0.76 Fungal Planet 424 - Paracylindrocarpon aloicola 0.10 GU075862.1 Hydropisphaera erubescens Overview Sordariomycetes phylogeny Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 21 302 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (88 taxa including outgroup; 740 aligned positions; 299 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.5 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) are shown at the nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families, orders and classes are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession numbers are indicated in front of the species names. The tree was rooted to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (GenBank J01355.1) and the novel species described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 19280). © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 322 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Thyrostroma cornicola 323 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 400 – 4 July 2016 Thyrostroma cornicola Crous & H.D. Shin, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Cornus, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Pleosporales, Dothideomy cetes. Sporodochia dark brown, punctiform, to 300 µm diam. Stromata immersed to superﬁcial, brown, 100–150 µm diam. Conidio phores brown, ﬁnely roughened, subcylindrical, 1–3-septate, 10–50 × 7–10 µm. Conidiogenous cells brown, subcylindrical, ﬁnely roughened, 7–20 × 7–10 µm, proliferating percurrently at apex. Conidia clavate, ellipsoid to fusoid, medium brown, with (1–)3 transverse septa, and 0–3 oblique or longitudinal septa, apex broadly obtuse, base truncate, 5 – 6 µm diam, (25–)30–36(–40) × (12–)14–17(–26) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C, with fluffy aerial mycelium. On MEA surface pale mouse-grey to mouse-grey, reverse dark mouse-grey. On PDA and OA surface mouse-grey, reverse dark mouse-grey. Notes — The genus Thyrostroma is based on the description of T. compactum (CBS 700.70, ITS, LSU sequences GenBank KX228250.1, KX228302.1), the ITS of which is 99 % (539/542) similar to the present collection. However, T. compactum is associated with Thyrostroma canker of Ulmus spp. in Europe and the USA (Ellis 1971), while the present collection is associated with leaf spots on Cornus officinalis in Korea. Conidia of T. compactum are 28–64 × 18–25 µm, with 2–4 transverse, and 1 to several, longitudinal to oblique septa (Ellis 1971), thus with conidia appearing somewhat larger than those observed in the present collection. Although Thyrostroma was linked to Dothidotthia by Phillips et al. (2008), this treatment shows that the type of the genus clusters in the Pleosporales, suggesting that the asexual morph of Dothidotthia is thyrostroma-like, but that the two genera are not congeneric. Typus. Korea, Incheon, Namdong-gu, Incheon Arboretum, N37°27'37.1" E126°45'22.6", on leaves of Cornus officinalis (Cornaceae), 28 Oct. 2014, P.W. Crous & H.D. Shin (holotype CBS H-22589, culture ex-type CPC 25427 = CBS 141280; ITS sequence GenBank KX228248.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228300.1, tef1 sequence GenBank KX228372.1, MycoBank MB816999). Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Cornus officinalis; sporodochia on PNA, sporulation on PNA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Hyeon-Dong Shin, Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; e-mail: hdshin@korea.ac.kr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 324 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti 325 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 401 – 4 July 2016 Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti Crous, Jacq. Edwards & P.W.J. Taylor, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales, Sordariomycetes. Colonies sporulating profusely throughout on SNA. Setae erect, brown, cylindrical, straight to flexuous, 120–220 × 4–5 µm, thick-walled, ﬁnely roughened, 8–15-septate, tapering towards apex, developing a head of lateral coiled to whip-like branches (constricted at base where attached to setae), that are brown, septate, tapering, containing coiled, septate lateral branches that could again contain coiled, lateral, branched, mostly aseptate branches. Conidiophores arranged in a whorl around base of setae, pale brown, smooth, subcylindrical, branched or not, 0–6-septate, containing conidiogenous cells that are arranged laterally along its length or at times reduced to conidiogenous cells, 20–50 × 3–5 µm. Conidiogenous cells solitary, monophialidic, discrete, ampulliform to subulate, pale brown, 15–25 × 3–5 µm, apex 1–1.5 µm diam, with minute collarette (1–2 µm long), at times with percurrent proliferation at apex. Conidia asymmetrical, fusoid to subfusoid or oblong, attenuated, base bluntly rounded to somewhat inflated, aseptate, smooth, ﬁnely granular, (5–)7–9(–10) × (2–)2.5(–3) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies spreading, with sparse aerial mycelium, and even, lobate margins, reaching 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface pale mouse-grey, reverse dark mouse-grey. On PDA surface and reverse pale mouse-grey. On OA surface mouse-grey. Notes — The setose conidiomata with brown, branched setae and basally arranged phialides with periclinal thickening are typical characteristics of the genus Vermiculariopsiella. On ITS V. eucalypti is 95 % (487/511) similar to V. pediculata (FMR 12187; GenBank HF678527.1), followed by V. dichapetali (Crous et al. 2014a; CPC 22463; GenBank KJ869129.1; 488/555 (88 %)). Vermiculariopsiella pediculata has smaller conidiogenous cells (14–15 × 3–4 μm), and narrower conidia (5–9 × 2 μm) (Hèrnandez-Restrepo et al. 2012). The closest hits using a megablast search of the LSU sequence were 96 % (792/827) similar to Dictyochaeta cylindrospora (GenBank EF063575.1; Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales), 96 % (777/813) to Vermiculariopsiella dichapetali (GenBank KJ869186.1; incertae sedis, Microascales), 94 % (780/827) to Pseudobotryis ter restris (GenBank KF771875.1; incertae sedis) and 94 % (781/ 830) to Barbatosphaeria fimbriata (GenBank KM492867.1; in certae sedis). Typus. australia, Victoria, Toolangi State Forest, S37°33'25.3" E145° 31'55.9", on leaves of Eucalyptus regnans (Myrtaceae), 9 Nov. 2014, P.W. Crous, J. Edwards & P.W.J. Taylor (holotype CBS H-22590, culture ex-type CPC 25525 = CBS 141281; ITS sequence GenBank KX228251.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228303.1, MycoBank MB817000). Colour illustrations. Toolangi State Forest; conidiophores with setae on PNA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Jacqueline Edwards, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 5 Ring Road, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia; e-mail: jacky.edwards@ecodev.vic.gov.au Paul W.J. Taylor, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia; e-mail: paulwjt@unimelb.edu.au © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 326 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Anungitea grevilleae 327 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 402 – 4 July 2016 Anungitea grevilleae Crous & Jacq. Edwards, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Grevillea, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes. Mycelium of pale brown, smooth, septate, branched, 1.5–2.5 µm hyphae. Setae intermingled among conidiophores, flexuous, subcylindrical with taper to acutely rounded apices, multiseptate, brown, smooth, base bulbous, 4–5 µm diam, up to 500 µm tall, 2.5–3.5 µm wide. Conidiophores erect, flexuous, dark brown, thick-walled, 1–4-septate, 15–70 × 2.5–3.5 µm, with several sympodial, flat-tipped apical loci, 1–1.5 µm diam, not thickened. Ramoconidia giving rise to branched chains of cylindrical conidia, hyaline to pale brown, smooth, subcylindrical, 0–1-septate, 15–20 × 2–3 µm, with 1–3 flat-tipped apical scars, 1.5–2 µm diam. Conidia hyaline, rarely pale olivaceous, cylindrical, 0 –1-septate, guttulate, ends truncate, (10 –)13 –16(– 22) × (2–)2.5–3 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, even, and sparse to moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface umber with patches of ochreous, reverse chestnut. On OA surface umber with patches of honey. On PDA surface and reverse umber. Notes — On ITS Anungitea grevilleae is 98 % (553/566) similar to A. eucalyptorum (CPC 17207 = CBS 137967; GenBank KJ869118.1). Morphologically, the two species are distinct in that A. eucalyptorum has shorter ramoconidia (12–17 × 2–3 μm), and somewhat larger conidia ((10–)13–16(–22) × (2–)2.5–3 µm). The most obvious difference lies in the dimorphic conidiophores observed in A. eucalyptorum, where microconidiophores can be reduced to conidiogenous cells, and macroconidiophores are up to 180 µm tall (Crous et al. 2014a). Typus. australia, Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Cranbourne, S38°7' 49.6" E145°16'9", on leaves of Grevillea sp. (Proteaceae), 7 Nov. 2014, P.W. Crous & J. Edwards (holotype CBS H-22591, culture ex-type CPC 25576 = CBS 141282; ITS sequence GenBank KX228252.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228304.1, MycoBank MB817001). Colour illustrations. Leaves of Grevillea sp.; conidiophores sporulating on PNA, seta, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Jacqueline Edwards, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 5 Ring Road, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia; e-mail: jacky.edwards@ecodev.vic.gov.au © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 328 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Neosulcatispora strelitziae 329 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 403 – 4 July 2016 Neosulcatispora strelitziae Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Strelitzia, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothi deomycetes. Leaf spots amphigenous, subcircular to irregular, grey-brown with dark brown margin, 3–8 mm diam. Conidiomata erumpent, globose, dark brown to black, to 350 µm diam with central ostiole (to 40 µm diam), exuding a pale olivaceous conidial mass; wall of 3–4 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells, or with a supporting cell, lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform, 4–6 × 3–4 µm, phialidic, with periclinal thickening or tightly aggregated percurrent proliferations. Conidia solitary, golden-brown, smooth, ellipsoid, 0 –1-septate, (4–)5–7(–8) × (2.5–)3 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium, and smooth lobate margins, reaching 50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface mouse-grey, reverse greyish sepia. On OA surface honey with black conidiomata. On PDA surface and reverse pale mouse-grey. Notes — The ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences of the present collection are 410/470 (87 %), 835/837 (99 %) and 440/533 (83 %) similar to Neosulcatispora agaves (CBS 140661; KT950853.1, KT950867.1, KT950883.1, respectively), which was recently described from leaves of Agave veracruz growing in La Réunion (Crous et al. 2015b). Morphologically, N. strelitziae differs from N. agaves in that its conidiophores are reduced to conidiogenous cells, and its conidia are smooth, whereas they are larger ((7–)9–11(–12) × (3.5–)4(–4.5) μm), and prominently striate in N. agaves (Crous et al. 2015b). Typus. south africa, Eastern Cape Province, Haga Haga, on leaves of Strelitzia nicolai (Strelitziaceae), Dec. 2014, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22592, culture ex-type CPC 25657 = CBS 141283; ITS sequence GenBank KX228253.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228305.1, tub2 sequence GenBank KX228380.1, MycoBank MB817002). Colour illustrations. Strelitzia nicolai plants; conidiomata sporulating on PNA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 330 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Colletotrichum ledebouriae 331 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 404 – 4 July 2016 Colletotrichum ledebouriae Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Ledebouria, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Glomerellaceae, Glomerellales, Sordario mycetes. Leaf spots circular, amphigenous, pale brown with raised dark brown border, 10–20 mm diam. Conidiomata (on pine needle agar; PNA) acervular, to 350 µm diam, conidiophores and setae on a cushion of pale brown stroma. Setae dark brown, smoothwalled, 2–4-septate, 80–120 × 5–7 µm, tapering to subacute apex. Conidiophores hyaline to pale brown, smooth-walled, septate, branched, to 50 µm tall, 4–5 µm wide. Conidiogenous cells hyaline to pale brown, smooth-walled, 15–23 × 3.5–4.5 µm. Conidia hyaline, smooth-walled, guttulate, aseptate, straight, subcylindrical, apex obtuse, base truncate with hilum 1–1.5 µm diam, (15 –)17– 21(–22) × (5–)6 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies covering dish after 1 mo at 25 °C, with moderate to woolly aerial mycelium. On MEA surface grey olivaceous, reverse dark brick. On OA surface smoke grey. On PDA surface and reverse grey olivaceous. Notes — Ledebouria is a genus of deciduous or weakly evergreen bulb plants that occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, but almost nothing is known regarding fungal diseases of these plants (Crous et al. 2000). As far as we could establish, this is the ﬁrst record of anthracnose disease on Ledebouria. On ITS C. ledebouriae is 98 % (563/572) similar to C. sansevieriae (MAFF239721; GenBank KC790947.1). The most similar sequences based on actA and his3 are 94 % (242/257) and 93 % (346/372) to C. neosansevieriae (GenBank KR476790.1 and KR476792.1), and 90 % (230/255) and 92 % (343/371) to C. eu phorbiae (GenBank KF777125.1 and KF777134.1). Conidia of C. sansevieriae are larger (12.5–(18.4)–32.5 × 2.8–(6.4)–8.8 µm; Nakamura et al. 2006) than those of C. ledebouriae, but overlap with those of C. neosansevieriae ((16–)18–22(–25) × (4–)5–6 μm; Crous et al. 2015a). Typus. south africa, Eastern Cape Province, Haga Haga, on leaves of Ledebouria floridunda (Hyacinthaceae), Dec. 2014, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22593, culture ex-type CPC 25671 = CBS 141284; ITS sequence GenBank KX228254.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228306.1, actA sequence GenBank KX228357.1, his3 sequence GenBank KX228365.1, MycoBank MB817003). Colour illustrations. Coastline at Haga Haga in the Eastern Cape Province; conidiomata sporulating on OA and PNA, setae and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 332 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Cyphellophora gamsii Fungal Planet description sheets 333 Fungal Planet 405 – 4 July 2016 Cyphellophora gamsii Crous, sp. nov. Etymology. Named for Walter Gams, who collected and isolated this fungus. Classiﬁcation — Cyphellophoraceae, Chaetothyriales, Eu rotiomycetes. Mycelium consisting of smooth, pale brown, branched, septate, 1.5–2 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells on hyphae, erect, straight, cylindrical, 2–6 × 1.5–2 µm; apex with flared collarette, 1–2 µm long. Conidia solitary, granular, hyaline, smooth, curved, falcate to flexuous, tapering from middle to subacutely rounded apex with mucoid cap, and towards truncate hilum, 0.5 µm diam, (0 –)3-septate, (22–)30–40(–50) × (1.5–)2 µm; microcyclic conidiation observed in culture. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA and PDA surface mouse-grey, reverse dark mouse-grey. On OA surface dark mouse-grey. Notes — The genus Cyphellophora includes species that are associated with plant litter, as well as human and animal skin and nails (Gao et al. 2015). Cyphellophora gamsii is a typical species in the genus, being 99 % (812/821) similar on LSU to other known species. On ITS C. gamsii is 99 % (531/537) similar to Cyphellophora sp. (CBS 112.94; GenBank JQ766437.1) and 95 % (582/615) to C. laciniata (CBS 190.61; GenBank EU035416.1). No highly similar tub2 sequences were found. Morphologically, C. gamsii is quite distinct from other species in the genus by having large, 3-septate conidia (Decock et al. 2003, Gao et al. 2015). Typus. thailand, Chiang Mai, Mushroom Research Centre, on leaf litter, Aug. 2014, W. Gams (holotype MFLU 16-1139, culture ex-type CPC 25867; ITS sequence GenBank KX228255.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228307.1, tub2 sequence GenBank KX228381.1, MycoBank MB817005). Colour illustrations. Mountain stream at Chiang Mai; hyphae with fertile conidiogenous loci and conidia on PNA. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 334 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Cylindrosympodioides brabejum 335 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 406 – 4 July 2016 Cylindrosympodioides Crous & M.J. Wingf., gen. nov. Etymology. Name refers to the morphological similarity with the genus Cylindrosympodium. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Venturiales, Dothideomy cetes. Mycelium consisting of smooth, pale brown, branched, septate, hyphae. Conidiophores erect, medium brown, cylindrical, septate. Conidiogenous cells terminal, subcylindrical, pale brown, proliferating sympodially, scars unthickened, slightly darkened, flat. Conidia solitary, hyaline, acicular, straight to slightly curved, guttulate, multiseptate, apex subobtusely rounded, base prominently truncate, unthickened but slightly darkened. Fusicladium-like synasexual morph developing on SNA, intermixed on hyphae with Cylindrosympodioides morph. Conidio phores reduced to conidiogenous cells, brown, ampulliform to fusoid-ellipsoid, proliferating sympodially, scars somewhat darkened. Conidia solitary, brown, verruculose, guttulate, thickwalled, fusoid-ellipsoid, septate, widest at median septum, apex subobtusely rounded, base truncate. Type species. Cylindrosympodioides brabejum Crous & M.J. Wingf. MycoBank MB817076. Cylindrosympodioides brabejum Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Brabejum, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Mycelium consisting of smooth, pale brown, branched, septate, 1.5–2 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores erect, medium brown, cylindrical, 0–2-septate, 10–25 × 2.5–3.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, subcylindrical, pale brown, 7–15 × 2.5–3 µm, proliferating sympodially, scars unthickened, slightly darkened, flat, 1.5–2 µm diam. Conidia solitary, hyaline, acicular, straight to slightly curved, guttulate, multiseptate, apex subobtusely rounded, base prominently truncate, 2 µm diam, unthickened but slightly darkened, (55–)100–110(–120) × (1.5–)2(–2.5) µm. Fusicladium-like synasexual morph developing on SNA, intermixed on hyphae with Cylindrosympodioides morph. Conidio phores reduced to conidiogenous cells, brown, ampulliform to fusoid-ellipsoid, 5–7 × 3–4 µm, proliferating sympodially, scars somewhat darkened, 0.5 µm diam. Conidia solitary, brown, verruculose, guttulate, thick-walled, fusoid-ellipsoid, 1(–3)-septate, widest at median septum, apex subobtusely rounded, base truncate, 1 µm diam, (12–)15–17(– 20) × (2.5–)3(–3.5) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface isabelline, reverse sepia. On OA surface dark brick. On PDA surface isabelline, reverse sepia. Notes — The genus Cylindrosympodium (based on C. varia bile) is characterised by its solitary, septate, cylindrical to subacicular, hyaline conidia with truncate bases, somewhat darkened hila, and brown conidiogenous structures with sympodial proliferation (Crous et al. 2007d). Cylindrosympodioides, which shares a similar morphology with species of Cylindrosym podium, is distinct in that it has acicular conidia with slightly thickened hila, and a fusicladium-like synasexual morph, which has conidiophores that are reduced to conidiogenous cells. Cy lindrosympodioides is phylogenetically also closer to Venturia, whereas Cylindrosympodium forms a distinct sister lineage basal in the Venturiaceae. Typus. south africa, Western Cape Province, Franschhoek, on leaves of Brabejum stellatifolium (Proteaceae), 17 Jan. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22594, culture ex-type CPC 25934 = CBS 141285; ITS sequence GenBank KX228256.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228308.1, MycoBank MB817008). Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Brabejum stellatifolium; conidiogenous cells with Fusicladium conidia, colony on SNA, conidiophores and conidia of Cylindrosympodioides morph. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 336 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Dendryphiella paravinosa 337 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 407 – 4 July 2016 Dendryphiella paravinosa Crous & Guarnaccia, sp. nov. Etymology. Name reflects the morphological similarity to Dendryphiella vinosa. Classiﬁcation — Dictyosporiaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideo mycetes. Mycelium consisting of hyaline to pale brown, smooth to verruculose 2–3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect, dark brown, subcylindrical, verruculose, branched above and below, to 150 µm long, 10–20 × 6–7 µm, 5–7-septate. Conidiog enous cells integrated, terminal and intercalary, clavate, with several loci arranged at the apex, 2–3 µm diam; loci thickened, darkened, refractive, 2–3 µm diam, with central pore. Conidia subcylindrical, apex obtuse, base bluntly rounded, medium brown, verruculose, (1–)3-septate, occurring in short chains (10–)24–27(–33) × (6–)7(–7.5) µm; hila thickened, darkened, refractive, 2–3 µm diam. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface honey to ochreous, reverse umber. On OA surface chestnut. On PDA surface umber to ochreous, reverse umber. Notes — The genus Dendryphiella is characterised by branched to unbranched conidiophores, with polytretic conidiogenous cells, darkened, thickened scars, and brown, septate, catenulate conidia (Crous et al. 2014a). Conidia of D. paravinosa resemble those of D. vinosa (13 – 39 × 4 – 8 μm; Ellis 1971, described from Congo bean in Cuba), but are smaller. Dendryphiella paravinosa CPC 26176 = CBS 141286 is identical to CPC 26182, and they are 90 % (424/472) related to D. vinosa (NBRC 32669; GenBank DQ307316.1), 88 % (374/427) to Dictyosporium toruloides (FMR 11942; GenBank HF677181.1) and 90 % (526/582) to Dendryphiella eucalypto rum (CPC 22927 = CBS 137987; GenBank KJ869139.1). Typus. italy, Sicily, Scordia (CT), on leaves of Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), Mar. 2015, V. Guarnaccia (holotype CBS H-22595, culture ex-type CPC 26176 = CBS 141286; ITS sequence GenBank KX228257.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228309.1, MycoBank MB817009); Sicily, Scordia (CT), on leaves of Citrus limon, Mar. 2015, V. Guarnaccia, CPC 26182 (ITS sequence GenBank KX228258.1). Colour illustrations. Citrus sinensis orchard; colony sporulating on PNA, conidiophores and chains of conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, Johannes Z. Groenewald & Vadimiro Guarnaccia, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl, e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl & v.guarnaccia@cbs.knaw.nl © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 338 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Phaeosphaeriopsis agapanthi 339 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 408 – 4 July 2016 Phaeosphaeriopsis agapanthi Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Agapanthus, the host plant from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothi deomycetes. Conidiomata erumpent, globose, black, to 250 µm diam with central ostiole; wall of 2–3 layers of black textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, ampulliform to doliiform, hyaline, phialidic, with periclinal thickening, or percurrent proliferation, 5–7 × 5–6 µm. Conidia solitary, aseptate, golden-brown, verruculose, subcylindrical, apex obtuse, base bluntly rounded to truncate, (6–)7–8(–9) × 3(–3.5) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate (feathery on PDA), and sparse to moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface pale luteous, reverse luteous. On OA and PDA surface and reverse pale luteous. Notes — The genus Phaeosphaeriopsis (based on P. glauco punctata) is characterised by immersed, globose to subglobose to pyriform ascomata, cylindrical asci and septate, verrucose ascospores with coniothyrium-like or Phaeostagonospora asexual morphs (Câmara et al. 2003). The genus was recently revised by Thambugala et al. (2014), who accepted seven species. The aseptate conidia of P. agapanthi suggest that it should be compared to P. obtusispora, but, based on ITS, phylogenetically it is closest 98 % (558/568) to P. triseptata (MFLUCC 13-0347; GenBank KJ522476.1), and only 93 % (525/563) to P. obtusispora (GenBank AF250822.1). Of the two isolates studied, CPC 26301 is identical on its DNA sequence (ITS) to CPC 26303. Typus. france, La Réunion, S21°3'39.5" E55°32'10.6", on leaves of Aga panthus precox (Amaryllidaceae), 8 Mar. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22596, culture ex-type CPC 26303 = CBS 141287; ITS sequence GenBank KX228260.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228311.1, MycoBank MB817012); ibid., CPC 26301= CBS 141316 (ITS sequence GenBank KX228259.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228310.1). Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Agapanthus precox; conidiomata sporulating on PNA and OA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za Johannes J. Le Roux & David M. Richardson, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa; e-mail: jleroux@sun.ac.za & rich@sun.ac.za Dominique Strasberg, Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, 15 avenue René Cassin, CS 93002, 97 744 Saint-Denis Messag. Cedex 9, La Réunion, France; e-mail: dominique.strasberg@univ-reunion.fr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 340 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Roussoella solani 341 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 409 – 4 July 2016 Roussoella solani Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Solanum, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Roussoellaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideo mycetes. Conidiomata immersed to erumpent, solitary, globose, brown, to 150 µm diam with central ostiole, exuding a grey-brown conidial mass; wall of 3–4 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to doliiform, 4–6 × 3–4 µm, phialides with visible periclinal thickening. Conidia solitary, aseptate, smooth, pale brown, subcylindrical, apex obtuse, base bluntly rounded to truncate, (4 –)4.5 – 5(–7) × 2(– 3) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, erumpent surface; margins smooth to feathery, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface pale luteous with patches of scarlet, reverse luteous with patches of umber. On OA surface sienna with patches of umber and scarlet. On PDA surface pale vinaceous with diffuse scarlet pigment in agar, reverse isabelline in centre, scarlet at margin. Notes — Based on the LSU sequence, Roussoella solani is accommodated in the Roussoellaceae (e.g. 98 % (787/803) similarity to R. thailandica GenBank KJ474846.1), but on ITS data it is phylogenetically distinct from other known taxa within the genus, showing less than 90 % similarity. Unfortunately, R. solani is known only from its asexual morph and hence a full morphological comparison with other species known in the genus is presently not possible. Recent studies have shown that several species of Roussoella occur on woody plants (Crous et al. 2014b, 2015b), and are not only restricted to monocotyledons. Typus. france, La Réunion, on stems of Solanum mauritianum (Solana ceae), 13 Mar. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22597, culture ex-type CPC 26331 = CBS 141288; ITS sequence GenBank KX228261.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228312.1, MycoBank MB817016). Colour illustrations. Valley in La Réunion; conidiomata sporulating on PNA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za Johannes J. Le Roux & David M. Richardson, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa; e-mail: jleroux@sun.ac.za & rich@sun.ac.za Dominique Strasberg, Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, 15 avenue René Cassin, CS 93002, 97 744 Saint-Denis Messag. Cedex 9, La Réunion, France; e-mail: dominique.strasberg@univ-reunion.fr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 342 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Ramularia citricola 343 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 410 – 4 July 2016 Ramularia citricola Crous & Guarnaccia, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Citrus, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothi deomycetes. Mycelium consisting of septate, branched, hyaline, smooth, 2–2.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, arising from hyphae as lateral branches, or terminal in loose fascicles, straight to geniculate-sinuous, erect, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, reduced to conidiogenous loci on hyphae, or 0–1-septate, erect, 2–20 × 2–2.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, 2–16 × 2–2.5 µm; loci terminal, thickened, darkened and refractive, 1 µm diam. Primary ramoconidia hyaline, smooth to ﬁnely roughened, subcylindrical, 0–1-septate, 22–33 × 2.5–3 µm. Secondary ramoconidia subcylindrical, 0–1-septate, ﬁnely roughened, guttulate, 8–22 × 2–2.5 µm. Intermediary conidia subcylindrical-fusiform, 0(–1)-septate, 7–9 × 2 µm. Conidia in branched chains, ellipsoid-fusoid, smooth to ﬁnely roughened, (3–)6–8(–9) × 2 µm; loci thickened, darkened and refractive, 0.5 µm diam. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, erumpent, folded surface; margins smooth, lobate, and sparse aerial mycelium. On MEA surface luteous, reverse ochreous. On OA surface mouse-grey. On PDA surface pale mouse-grey to mouse-grey, reverse mouse-grey. Notes — On ITS Ramularia citricola is 99 % (524/531) similar to R. grevilleana (CPC 4903; GenBank GU214691.1) and 98 % (523/531) R. grevilleana (isolate s208; GenBank GU939181.1). None of the sequences from the protein coding genes resulted in similarities higher than 92 %. Ramularia grevilleana can be distinguished from R. citricola by having larger conidia that are ellipsoid-ovoid, subcylindrical-fusoid, (8 –)15 – 45(– 55) × (1.5 –)2.5 – 4.5(– 5) µm, 0 – 2(– 3)-septate (Braun 1998). Two species of Ramularia have been described from Citrus, namely R. citri and R. citrifolia. Ramularia citri (on Citrus aurantium, Italy) was described from fallen, dry leaves (asymptomatic), with catenate conidia, oblong, 8–14 × 3.5–4 µm, 0–2-septate. Type material of the latter species could not be traced, and its generic afﬁnity remains unclear (Braun 1998). Ramularia citrifolia (hyperparasitic on Meliola butleri on Citrus tankan, Taiwan) was allocated to Eriomycopsis by Braun (1993). Typus. italy, Sicily, Messina, on twigs of Citrus floridana (Rutaceae), Mar. 2015, V. Guarnaccia (holotype CBS H-22598, culture ex-type CPC 26192 = CBS 141449; ITS sequence GenBank KX228262.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228313.1, actA sequence GenBank KX228358.1, rpb2 sequence GenBank KX228369.1, tef1 sequence GenBank KX228373.1, MycoBank MB817020). Colour illustrations. Glasshouse with Citrus loridana trees; conidiophores sporulating on PNA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, Johannes Z. Groenewald & Vadimiro Guarnaccia, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl, e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl & v.guarnaccia@cbs.knaw.nl © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 344 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Vermiculariopsiella acaciae 345 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 411 – 4 July 2016 Vermiculariopsiella acaciae Crous, M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Acacia, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales, Sordariomycetes. Sporodochia on SNA and OA erumpent, crystalline, to 450 µm diam, with brown, erect setae distributed throughout conidioma, thick-walled, roughened, flexuous, 180–250 × 4–5 µm, 5–7-septate, tapering to an obtuse apex. Conidiophores aggregated in stroma, subcylindrical, 1–2-septate, branched or not, 25–40 × 3–4 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, subcylindrical, pale brown to hyaline, smooth to verruculose, at times curved at the apex, 15–27 × 2.5–3 µm, apex 1.5 µm diam, collarette flaring, 1–2 µm long. Conidia dimorphic. On OA solitary, hyaline, guttulate, aseptate, straight to slightly curved, inequilateral with inner plane straight, outer plane convex, apex subobtusely rounded, base truncate with excentric hilum, 0.5–1 µm diam, (14 –)18 – 22(– 25) × 3(– 3.5) µm. On SNA forming ellipsoid, straight, hyaline, smooth, guttulate conidia, apex subobtusely rounded, base truncate, 4 –7 × 2–2.5 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and sparse aerial mycelium. On MEA surface pale luteous, reverse luteous. On OA surface dirty white to pale luteous. On PDA surface and reverse dirty white. Notes — Based on ITS DNA sequence data Vermiculariop siella acaciae is 97 % (539/557) similar to V. dichapetali (CPC 22463; GenBank KJ869129.1; from leaves of Dichapetalum rho desicum, Botswana) and 89 % (489/548) similar to V. eucalypti described elsewhere in the present study. Morphologically, the latter two species can be distinguished from V. dichapetali in having much larger conidiogenous cells (20–40 × 2.5–3 μm), setae (100–300 × 6–10 μm, 6–12-septate), and lacking dimorphic conidia (Crous et al. 2014a). The closest hits using a megablast search of the LSU DNA sequence data are 99 % (816/819) similar to Vermiculariopsiella dichapetali (GenBank KJ869186.1; incertae sedis, Microascales), 96 % (820/857) to Dictyochaeta cylindrospora (GenBank EF063575.1; Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales), 94 % (793/841) to Dactylaria parvispora (GenBank EU107296.1; Orbiliaceae, Orbiliales) and 94 % (808/ 858) to Cryptadelphia groenendalensis (GenBank EU528007.1; incertae sedis). Typus. france, La Réunion, S21°5'45.7" E55°33'3.6", on leaves of Acacia heterophylla (Fabaceae), 7 Mar. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22599, culture ex-type CPC 26291 = CBS 141289; ITS sequence GenBank KX228263.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228314.1, MycoBank MB817023). Colour illustrations. Leaf spots on Acacia heterophylla; sporodochia sporulating on OA, conidiophores, setae and dimorphic conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za Johannes J. Le Roux & David M. Richardson, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa; e-mail: jleroux@sun.ac.za & rich@sun.ac.za Dominique Strasberg, Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, 15 avenue René Cassin, CS 93002, 97 744 Saint-Denis Messag. Cedex 9, La Réunion, France; e-mail: dominique.strasberg@univ-reunion.fr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 346 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Meristemomyces arctostaphylos 347 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 412 – 4 July 2016 Meristemomyces arctostaphylos Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Arctostaphylos, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Teratosphaeriaceae, Capnodiales, Dothi deomycetes. Mycelium consisting of brown, thick-walled, verruculose, branched, septate, 2.5–4 µm hyphae, frequently encased in a mucoid sheath. Conidiophores solitary, brown, verruculose, terminal or lateral on hyphae, multiseptate, flexuous, subcylindrical, up to 150 µm long, 3–5 µm diam, or reduced to conidiogenous loci on hyphae. Conidiogenous cells brown, verruculose, thick-walled, subcylindrical to irregular, 3–10 × 3–6 µm, with 1–3 terminal flat-tipped loci, 1.5–2 µm diam. Conidia in branched chains, brown, thick-walled, verruculose. Secondary ramoconidia fusoid-ellipsoid to subcylindrical, 1–3-septate, 15–20 × 5–9 µm, with 1–3 flat-tipped unthickened, not darkened loci, 1.5–2 µm diam. Conidia brown, verruculose, thick-walled, 1(– 3)septate, fusoid-ellipsoid, (9–)10–12(–13) × (4–)5(–6) µm; loci not thickened nor darkened, 1.5–2 µm diam, frequently with minute marginal frill. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, erumpent, folded surface; margins smooth, lobate, and sparse aerial mycelium. On MEA surface iron-grey, reverse olivaceous grey. On OA, PDA and MEA surface dark mouse-grey to greenish black, reverse greenish black. Notes — The genus Meristemomyces is monotypic, based on M. frigidus, isolated from rocks in the Himalayas (Egidi et al. 2014). Based on ITS sequence data, M. arctostaphylos is 91 % (404/443) similar to the type culture of M. frigidus (CBS 136109 = CCFEE 5508; GenBank KF309961.1) and 99 % (458/460) to Xenomeris raetica (CBS 485.61; GenBank EF114690.1). Morphologically, M. arctostaphylos is quite distinct from M. frigidus, as the latter species produces arthoconidia by disarticulation, while M. arctostaphylos has well-deﬁned conidiophores giving rise to a series of secondary ramoconidia, and septate conidia. Xenomeris raetica was described on leaf litter of Arctostaphylos uvaursi in Switzerland. The fungus in known only by its sexual morph. The present collection was obtained on the same host genus, but from the USA. Although only the asexual morph was found, based on DNA data, it appears to be 99 % similar to a strain identiﬁed as Xenomeris raetica (CBS 485.61), suggesting that this could be the same fungus. However, CBS 485.61 is not an ex-type strain, and M. arctostaphylos is a common hyphomycete on leaves of Arctostaphylos. Furthermore, the genus Xenomeris is regarded as a member of Venturiaceae, not Teratosphaeriaceae, thus the possible synonymy of Meri stemomyces under the older Xenomeris can only be resolved once fresh collections of Xenomeris raetica have been obtained. Typus. usa, Utah, near Long Valley, on leaves of Arctostaphylos patula (Ericaceae), Oct. 2014, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22600, culture extype CPC 25574 = CBS 141290; ITS sequence GenBank KX228264.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228315.1, MycoBank MB817026). Colour illustrations. Arctostaphylos patula plants in the USA; colonies sporulating on PDA, conidiophores and chains of conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 348 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Pyrenochaeta acaciae 349 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 413 – 4 July 2016 Pyrenochaeta acaciae Crous, Jacq. Edwards & Pascoe, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Acacia, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Cucurbitariaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideo mycetes. Conidiomata immersed to erumpent, solitary, globose, brown, to 150 µm diam, with central ostiole to 35 µm diam, exuding a caramel coloured conidial mass; wall of 2–3 layers of brown textura angularis; ostiolar area with several cylindrical, brown, thick-walled, septate setae, with obtuse ends to 70 µm long. Conidiophores 0–3-septate, but mostly reduced to conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to subcylindrical, 4–8 × 2.5–3.5 µm, phialidic with periclinal thickening. Conidia solitary, hyaline (pale olivaceous in mass), smooth, aseptate, allantoid with obtuse ends, (3–)4–4.5(–5) × (1.5–)2 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and sparse aerial mycelium. On MEA surface folded, sepia with patches of isabelline and buff, reverse isabelline. On OA surface isabelline. On PDA surface and reverse isabelline. Notes — Based on ITS Pyrenochaeta acaciae is 98 % (409/ 416) similar to P. protearum (CBS 131315; GenBank JQ044434.1) and 98 % (425/433) to P. pinicola (CPC 23455; GenBank KJ869152.1). Pyrenochaeta protearum can be distinguished from P. acaciae by having setae surrounding its conidiomatal ostiole that are longer (up to 100 µm tall), and conidia that are wider ((3 –)4 – 5(– 6) × (2 –)2.5(– 3) μm) (Crous et al. 2011). Pyrenochaeta pinicola is distinct by having larger conidia, (4–)4.5–5.5(–6) × 2(–2.5) μm, and longer setae (up to 150 µm tall) (Crous et al. 2014a). Typus. australia, Victoria, roadside bushland opposite 125 Gurdies-St. Helier road, The Gurdies, S38°22'49" E145°34'14", on leaves of Acacia sp. (Fabaceae), 7 Nov. 2014, P.W. Crous, J. Edwards & I.G. Pascoe (holotype CBS H-22601, culture ex-type CPC 25527 = CBS 141291; ITS sequence GenBank KX228265.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228316.1, MycoBank MB817028). Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Acacia sp.; conidiomata sporulating on PDA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars: conidioma = 100 µm, others = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Ian G. Pascoe & Jacqueline Edwards, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 5 Ring Road, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083 Australia; e-mail: pascoeig@bigpond.net.au & jacky.edwards@ecodev.vic.gov.au © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 350 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Castanediella eucalypticola & Phaeophleospora eucalypticola 351 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 414 & 415 – 4 July 2016 Castanediella eucalypticola Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Xylariales, Sordariomy cetes. Mycelium consisting of pale brown, branched, septate hyphae, 2–5 µm diam, frequently in hyphal strands, and forming hyphal coils. Conidiophores erect, solitary, unbranched, 0–2-septate, subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth, 5–30 × 3–5 µm. Conidi ogenous cells terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical to ampulliform or lanceolate, pale brown, smooth, polyblastic, terminating in a swollen apex, 1.5–3 µm diam, with several scars, 5–20 × 3–3.5 µm. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, falcate, straight to curved, widest in the middle, apex subobtusely rounded, base truncate, 0.5 µm diam, (15 –)20–26(–30) × (2.5–)3 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, erumpent surface; margins smooth, lobate, and sparse aerial mycelium. On MEA surface sepia, reverse isabelline. On OA surface cinnamon. On PDA surface honey, reverse isabelline. Typus. france, La Réunion, on leaves of Eucalyptus robusta (Myrtaceae), 9 Mar. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22604, culture ex-type CPC 26539 = CBS 141317; ITS sequence GenBank KX228266.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228317.1, tub2 sequence GenBank KX228382.1, MycoBank MB817029). Notes — On ITS Castanediella eucalypticola is 98 % (547/ 556) similar to C. eucalypti (CPC 24746; GenBank KR476723.1), and 95 % (523/552) to C. couratarii (CBS 579.71; GenBank KP859050.1) (Crous et al. 2015a). Castanediella eucalypticola can be distinguished from C. eucalypti, by the fact that the latter has smaller conidia, (15–)18–21(–23) × 2–3 µm, and branched conidiophores (Crous et al. 2015a). Phaeophleospora eucalypticola Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothi deomycetes. Conidiomata (on pine needle agar; PNA) pycnidial, erumpent, solitary, brown, globose, to 300 µm diam, with central ostiole, to 20 µm diam; wall of 2–3 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, reduced to conidiogenous cells, or with a supporting cell, branched at base or not, ampulliform to subcylindrical, 5–10 × 2.5–3.5 µm, proliferating inconspicuously percurrently at apex, 1 µm diam. Conidia hyaline, smooth, solitary, aseptate, guttulate, ellipsoid to obovoid, base truncate, 0.5 µm diam, (3.5–)4.5–6(–7) × (1.5–)2(–2.5) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, erumpent surface; margins smooth, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA, PDA and OA, surface and reverse mouse-grey. Typus. france, La Réunion, Le Tampon, on leaves of Eucalyptus robusta (Myrtaceae), 9 Mar. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22605, culture ex-type CPC 26523 = CBS 141294; ITS sequence GenBank KX228267.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228318.1, tef1 sequence GenBank KX228374.1, MycoBank MB817030). Notes — Phaeophleospora (based on P. eugeniae; Crous et al. 1997) is a genus in the Mycosphaerellaceae, which is distinct from Teratosphaeria and its various asexual morphs (Quaedvlieg et al. 2014). Based on LSU DNA sequence data Phaeophleospora eucalypticola is identical (100 %) (818/818) to P. hymenocallidicola (CPC 25014; GenBank KR476772.1) and 99 % (846/849) similar to P. eugeniae (CPC 15159; GenBank FJ493207.1) (Crous et al. 2015a). Based on ITS sequence data it is 94 % (453/482) similar to P. pteridivora (COAD 1182; GenBank KT037547.1), though the latter species has conidia that are subcylindrical, curved to sinuous, 70–107 × 2–3 μm, 6–9-septate (Guatimosim et al. 2016). The ITS sequence of P. eucalypticola is similar to numerous sequences in GenBank labelled as ‘Mycosphaerella sp. AA-2012’ which emerged from an unpublished study on endophytic fungi from leaves of an Eucalyptus grandis × E. camaldulensis clone in South Africa. Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus trees growing on La Réunion; Phaeophleo spora eucalypticola (left column): colonies sporulating on OA, conidiogenous cells and conidia; Castanediella eucalypticola (right column): colony sporulating on OA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za Johannes J. Le Roux & David M. Richardson, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa; e-mail: jleroux@sun.ac.za & rich@sun.ac.za Dominique Strasberg, Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, 15 avenue René Cassin, CS 93002, 97 744 Saint-Denis Messag. Cedex 9, La Réunion, France; e-mail: dominique.strasberg@univ-reunion.fr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 352 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Sclerostagonospora ericae 353 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 416 – 4 July 2016 Sclerostagonospora ericae Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Erica, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothi deomycetes. Conidiomata (on pine needle agar; PNA) pycnidial, solitary or in small clusters, immersed or semi-erumpent, to 200 µm diam, globose, pale brown, with 1–3 dark brown, semi-papillate ostioles, to 40 µm diam; wall of 3–4 layers of pale brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to doliiform, 4–5 × 3–5 µm, proliferating inconspicuously percurrently at apex. Conidia solitary, pale brown, smooth, subcylindrical, guttulate, 1(–3)-septate, constricted at median septum, (7–)8–10(–11) × (2.5–)3 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 60 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface dirty white to buff, reverse sepia. On OA surface buff. On PDA surface buff, reverse cinnamon. Notes — Based on LSU sequences, Sclerostagonospora ericae is identical (813/813) to S. opuntiae (GenBank DQ286772.1; Huhndorf 1992). However, the genus Sclerostagono spora is based on S. heraclei, and the latter is presently not known from DNA or culture, hence the concept of Sclero stagonospora remains unsettled. On ITS S. ericae is 98 % (550/560) similar to S. opuntiae (GenBank DQ286768.1) and 94 % (541/574) similar to Stagonospora foliicola (GenBank KF251256.1). Typus. south africa, Western Cape Province, Franschhoek, on leaves of Erica sp. (Ericaceae), Nov. 2014, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22606, culture ex-type CPC 25927 = CBS 141318; ITS sequence GenBank KX228268.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228319.1, tef1 sequence GenBank KX228375.1, tub2 sequence GenBank KX228383.1, MycoBank MB817031). Colour illustrations. Erica sp. in Franschhoek; conidiomata sporulating on OA, conidiogenous cells, ostiolar region and conidia. Scale bars: conidiomata and ostioles = 200 µm, all others = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 354 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Dothiorella acacicola 355 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 417 – 4 July 2016 Dothiorella acacicola Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Acacia, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Botryosphaeriaceae, Botryosphaeriales, Dothideomycetes. Conidiomata (on pine needle agar; PNA) pycnidial, solitary, black, erumpent, globose, to 400 µm diam, with central ostiole; wall of 2–3 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells, or with a supporting cell, lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical to doliiform, straight to geniculous-sinuous, 7–20 × 5–11 µm; proliferating percurrently at apex. Conidia solitary, initially hyaline, becoming pigmented while attached to conidiogenous cells, goldenbrown to brown, granular to guttulate, surface roughened (at times with hyaline outer sheath), obovoid, medianly 1-septate, slightly constricted at septum, apex obtuse, base truncate, 3–5 µm diam, (22–)24–27(–32) × (9–)10(–11) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA, PDA and OA surface and reverse dark mouse-grey. Notes — Based on LSU sequence data Dothiorella acacicola is 99 % similar to several Dothiorella spp. (e.g. 791/801 with D. ulmicola GenBank KR611900.1). Based on ITS sequence data Dothiorella acacicola is 97 % (523/538) similar to D. longi collis (CBS 122068; GenBank KF766162.1). The two species can be distinguished from each other by the fact that conidia of D. longicollis are smaller, (17–)19–22(–23) × (7–)8.5–9.5(–10) µm (Phillips et al. 2013). Typus. france, La Réunion, S21°12'47.6" E55°36'48.7", on leaves of Aca cia mearnsii (Fabaceae), 8 Mar. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22607, culture ex-type CPC 26349 = CBS 141295; ITS sequence GenBank KX228269.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228320.1, tef1 sequence GenBank KX228376.1, MycoBank MB817032). Colour illustrations. Acacia mearnsii trees growing in La Réunion; conidiomata sporulating on PNA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za Johannes J. Le Roux & David M. Richardson, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa; e-mail: jleroux@sun.ac.za & rich@sun.ac.za Dominique Strasberg, Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, 15 avenue René Cassin, CS 93002, 97 744 Saint-Denis Messag. Cedex 9, La Réunion, France; e-mail: dominique.strasberg@univ-reunion.fr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 356 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Chalara clidemiae 357 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 418 – 4 July 2016 Chalara clidemiae Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Clidemia, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes. Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate, 1.5–2.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores arranged in terminal clusters on hyphae, 25–30 × 3–4 µm, 1–5-septate, subcylindrical, smooth, hyaline in bottom half, but upper two cells medium brown. Conidiogenous cells terminal, swollen in bottom third, venter cylindrical, brown, smooth, phialidic, 15 – 25 × 3.5 – 4 µm. Conidia hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical, apex obtuse, base truncate, (3–)4(–5) × (2–)2.5 µm, forming long, curvy chains or slimy masses on older phialides. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and sparse to moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface dirty white, reverse buff. On OA surface ochreous. On PDA surface luteous, reverse ochreous. Notes — The genus Chalara is paraphyletic, with species occupying different positions within Helotiales (Cai et al. 2009). Based on ITS sequence data Chalara clidemiae is 91 % (492/538) similar to Chalara pseudoaffinis (CCF 3979; GenBank FR667224.1). On LSU it is 98 % (841/855) similar to Cha lara africana (OC0018; GenBank FJ176249.1) and 96 % (821/ 854) to Chalara parvispora (CBS 385.94; GenBank FJ176253.1). Typus. france, La Réunion, on twigs of Clidemia hirta (Melastomataceae), 6 Mar. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22608, culture ex-type CPC 26423 = CBS 141319; ITS sequence GenBank KX228270.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228321.1, MycoBank MB817033). Colour illustrations. Clidemia hirta on La Réunion; conidiophores sporulating on PNA, phialides and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za Johannes J. Le Roux & David M. Richardson, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa; e-mail: jleroux@sun.ac.za & rich@sun.ac.za Dominique Strasberg, Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, 15 avenue René Cassin, CS 93002, 97 744 Saint-Denis Messag. Cedex 9, La Réunion, France; e-mail: dominique.strasberg@univ-reunion.fr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 358 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Mulderomyces natalis 359 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 419 – 4 July 2016 Mulderomyces Crous, Jacq. Edwards & P.W.J. Taylor, gen. nov. Etymology. Named after Prof. dr. Theo W. Mulder, the scientiﬁc director of the institutes of the Royal Dutch Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), on the occasion of his farewell symposium, 20 June 2016. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Ostropales, Lecanoromy cetes. Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary, pale brown, erumpent, globose, with central ostiole; wall of 6–8 layers of subhyaline to pale brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, septate, branched. Conidiog enous cells hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, terminal and lateral; proliferating sympodially, scars inconspicuous. Conidia cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, straight with subobtuse ends, 2 – 6-septate, prominently constricted at septa (cells linked by a narrow isthmus), with mature conidia breaking into phragmospores. Type species. Mulderomyces natalis Crous, Jacq. Edwards & P.W.J. Taylor. MycoBank MB817034. Mulderomyces natalis Crous, Jacq. Edwards & P.W.J. Taylor, sp. nov. Etymology. Natalis (Latin genitive noun), refers to the birth date of the ﬁrst author, on which day this fungus was collected. Conidiomata (on pine needle agar; PNA) pycnidial, solitary, pale brown, erumpent, globose, to 200 µm diam, with central ostiole; wall of 6–8 layers of subhyaline to pale brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, 1–4-septate, branched, 10–30 × 3–5 µm. Conidiog enous cells hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, terminal and lateral, 8–15 × 3–5 µm; proliferating sympodially, scars inconspicuous. Conidia cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, straight with subobtuse ends, 2 – 6-septate, prominently constricted at septa (cells linked by a narrow isthmus), with mature conidia breaking into phragmospores, (22 –)50–75(–90) × (2–)3 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and sparse aerial mycelium. On MEA surface cinnamon, reverse brick. On OA surface rosy buff. On PDA surface rosy buff, reverse cinnamon. Notes — The LSU sequence of Mulderomyces natalis is 91 % similar to species of Xylographa (lichenised ascomycetes; e.g. 738/810 to X. opegraphella GenBank KJ462366.1) and 92 % (746/812) similar to Furcaspora eucalypti (GenBank EF110613; Crous et al. 2007c). Phylogenetically, it appears quite distinct from all taxa presently available in GenBank, both on LSU and ITS. Morphologically, Mulderomyces resembles species of Phacidiella, except that the nature of its conidia is different with cells not linked by a narrow isthmus, and its conidiomata become cupulate with age (Sutton 1980). Typus. australia, Victoria, Melbourne, Moonee Ponds Creek, on leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 2 Nov. 2014, P.W. Crous, J. Edwards & P.W.J. Taylor (holotype CBS H-22609, culture ex-type CPC 25519 = CBS 141296; ITS sequence GenBank KX228271.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228322.1, MycoBank MB817035). Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus tree growing along river at Moonee Ponds Creek; conidiomata sporulating on OA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Jacqueline Edwards, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 5 Ring Road, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia; e-mail: jacky.edwards@ecodev.vic.gov.au Paul W.J. Taylor, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia; e-mail: paulwjt@unimelb.edu.au © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 360 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Wojnowiciella cissampeli & Diaporthe cissampeli 361 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 420 & 421 – 4 July 2016 Wojnowiciella cissampeli Crous & Roets, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Cissampelos, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothi deomycetes. Conidiomata (on pine needle agar; PNA) pycnidial, solitary, black, erumpent, or immersed in agar, globose, to 300 µm diam, non-papillate, with a central ostiole; pycnidial wall of 3–6 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to doliiform, phialidic, 3–6 × 4–5 µm. Conidia subcylindrical, straight to curved, apex subobtuse, base truncate, widest in middle, (0–)3–7-septate, rarely with 1–2 oblique septa, thick-walled, verruculose, guttulate, goldenbrown, (20 –)22–25(–27) × (4.5–)5(–6) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface mouse-grey to greyish sepia, reverse greyish sepia. On OA surface pale mouse-grey in centre, sienna in outer region. On PDA surface pale mouse-grey, reverse greyish sepia. Typus. south africa, Western Cape Province, Robben Island, on leaves and twigs of Cissampelos capensis (Menispermaceae), May 2015, P.W. Crous & F. Roets (holotype CBS H-22610, culture ex-type CPC 27455 = CBS 141297; ITS sequence GenBank KX228272.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228323.1, MycoBank MB817036). Notes — On ITS Wojnowiciella cissampeli is 98 % (565/577) similar to W. eucalypti (CPC 25024; GenBank KR476741.1), and 99 % (546/552) to Wojnowicia lonicerae (MFLUCC 13-0737; GenBank KP744471.1). Morphologically, conidia of W. cis sampeli are smaller than those of W. eucalypti, (10 –)28 – 30(–33) × (4–)6–7 µm (Crous et al. 2015a), and Wojnowicia lonicerae (38–(42)–49 × 5–(5.5)–6 μm) (Liu et al. 2015). Diaporthe cissampeli Crous & Roets, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Cissampelos, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomy cetes. Conidiomata (on pine needle agar; PNA) pycnidial, solitary, black, erumpent, globose, to 200 µm diam, exuding creamy droplets from central ostioles; walls consisting of 3–6 layers of medium brown textura angularis. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth, 1–2-septate, branched, densely aggregated, subcylindrical, straight to sinuous, 12–20 × 3–5 µm. Conidiogenous cells 7–10 × 2–3 µm, phialidic, cylindrical, terminal and lateral with slight taper towards apex, 1–1.5 µm diam, with visible periclinal thickening; collarette not observed. Paraphyses not observed. Alpha conidia aseptate, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical, tapering towards both ends, apex subobtuse, base subtruncate, (7.5–)9–11(–12) × (2–)2.5(–3) µm. Gamma conidia not observed. Beta conidia not observed. Culture characteristics — Colonies covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C, with smooth, even margins, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface dirty white with patches of pale mouse-grey, reverse luteous. On OA and PDA surface and reverse dirty white. Typus. south africa, Western Cape Province, Robben Island, on leaves and twigs of Cissampelos capensis (Menispermaceae), May 2015, P.W. Crous & F. Roets (holotype CBS H-22628, culture ex-type CPC 27302 = CBS 141331; ITS sequence GenBank KX228273.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228324.1, his3 sequence GenBank KX228366.1, tub2 sequence GenBank KX228384.1, MycoBank MB817059). Notes — Based on ITS Diaporthe cissampeli is 98 % (561/ 575) similar to D. neotheicola (ICMP 10076; GenBank KC145914.1; Gomes et al. 2013). No high similarity (> 99 %) hits were obtained when the protein coding sequences were blasted against NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database. No other species of Diaporthe are known from Cissampelos (Crous et al. 2000) and hence D. cissampeli is herewith introduced as new. Colour illustrations. Cissampelos capensis growing on Robben Island; Wojnowiciella cissampeli (left column): conidiomata sporulating on OA (scale bar = 300 µm), conidiogenous cells and conidia; Diaporthe cissampeli (right column): conidiomata sporulating on PNA (scale bar = 200 µm), conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Francois Roets, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; e-mail: fr@sun.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 362 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Prosopidicola albizziae 363 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 422 – 4 July 2016 Prosopidicola albizziae Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Albizzia, the host genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Diaporthales, Sordariomy cetes. Conidiomata (on pine needle agar; PNA) pycnidial, separate or aggregated in an eustromatic stroma with one to several ostioles, mouse-grey, erumpent, to 300 µm diam; wall up to 10 layers of grey-brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells tightly aggregated, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform, 5–12 × 3–4 µm, mono- to polyphialidic, with 1–2 apical loci with visible periclinal thickening, at times with percurrent proliferation. Conidia solitary, subhyaline to grey-brown, smooth, guttulate, straight to variously curved, ellipsoid to fusoid-ellipsoid, apex obtuse, base truncate to bluntly rounded, 1–1.5 µm diam, (5–)7–9(–11) × (2.5–)3–3.5(–4) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 20–30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins uneven, feathery, and sparse to moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA, PDA and OA surface and reverse pale mouse-grey. Notes — Phylogenetically, CPC 27478 is identical to CPC 27484. Based on LSU sequence data, Prosopidicola albizziae is 99 % (807/815) similar to P. mexicana, which was regarded as a potential biocontrol agent of Prosopis glandulosa, causing a pod disease of this host in Mexico and the USA (Texas) (Lennox et al. 2004). However, on ITS the two species are only 84 % (512/607) similar. Morphologically, P. albizziae has smaller conidia than those of P. mexicana, (8–)10–13(–20) × (3.5–)4.5–5.5(–6) µm. Prosopidicola was noted to have conidiogenous cells that vary from being phialidic with periclinal thickening, or with prominent percurrent proliferation, becoming darkened at the apex (Lennox et al. 2004). Typus. Malaysia, Sabah, Tawau, on leaves of Albizzia falcataria (Faba ceae), May 2015, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22611, culture ex-type CPC 27478 = CBS 141298; ITS sequence GenBank KX228274.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228325.1, MycoBank MB817037); ibid., associated with stem cankers on Albizzia falcataria, CPC 27484 (ITS sequence GenBank KX228275.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228326.1, tub2 sequence GenBank KX228385.1). Colour illustrations. Albizzia falcataria trees; conidiomata sporulating on PNA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 364 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Phaeotheca salicorniae 365 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 423 – 4 July 2016 Phaeotheca salicorniae Crous & Roets, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Salicornia, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Capnodiales, Dothideomy cetes. Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, septate, branched, 3–5 µm diam hyphae, that swell in areas up to 20 µm diam, terminal or intercalary, and develop numerous endoconidia, brown, verruculose, globose to obovoid, muriformly septate, 5–8 µm diam, bursting open to release several endoconidia that are red-brown, verruculose, aseptate, ellipsoid to subglobose or irregularly, 3–6 × 3–5 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 10 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and lacking aerial mycelium. On MEA, PDA and OA surface and reverse black. Notes — Based on the LSU sequence data, Phaeotheca salicorniae is 99 % (828/834) similar to Phaeotheca triangularis (CBS 471.90; GenBank EU019279.1). On ITS the two species are 99 % (828/834) similar. The genus Phaeotheca presently includes three species, with P. triangularis (isolated from an air-conditioning system in Belgium) being characterised by ellipsoid to subglobose to triangular endoconidia. In P. salicorniae the endoconidia differ in shape and are slightly larger, 5.5–7 × 4.5–5.5 µm (De Hoog et al. 1997), and hyphal swellings up are to 70 µm diam. The genus Phaeotheca is polyphyletic, and its taxonomy will be revised in a separate study (J. Bezerra et al. in prep). Typus. south africa, Western Cape Province, Robben Island, on leaves and twigs of Salicornia meyeriana (Amaranthaceae), May 2015, P.W. Crous & F. Roets (holotype CBS H-22612, culture ex-type CPC 27406 = CBS 141299; ITS sequence GenBank KX228276.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228327.1, MycoBank MB817038). Colour illustrations. Salicornia sp.; hyphae with endoconidia on PNA. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Francois Roets, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; e-mail: fr@sun.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 366 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Paracylindrocarpon aloicola 367 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 424 – 4 July 2016 Paracylindrocarpon Crous, Roets & L. Lombard, gen. nov. Etymology. Name reflects a morphological similarity to the genus Cylin drocarpon. Classiﬁcation — Bionectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomy cetes. Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate hyphae, forming hyphal coils. Conidiophores solitary, hyaline, smooth, erect, straight to geniculate-sinuous, arising from superﬁcial hyphae, unbranched or branched, septate. Conidi ogenous cells hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical with slight apical taper, straight to slightly irregularly curved, terminal or lateral on conidiophores, apex with minute periclinal thickening. Co nidia hyaline, smooth, granular, cylindrical, apex obtuse, base truncate, (0–)3-septate. Type species. Paracylindrocarpon aloicola Crous, Roets & L. Lombard. MycoBank MB817039. Paracylindrocarpon aloicola Crous, Roets & L. Lombard, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Aloe, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate, 3–4 µm diam hyphae, forming hyphal coils. Conidiophores solitary, hyaline, smooth, erect, straight to geniculate-sinuous, arising from superﬁcial hyphae, unbranched or branched, 1–4-septate, 20–50 × 3–4 µm. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical with slight apical taper, straight to slightly irregularly curved, terminal or lateral on conidiophores, 20–30 × 2.5–3 µm, apex with minute periclinal thickening, 1.5–2 µm diam. Conidia hyaline, smooth, granular, cylindrical, apex obtuse, base truncate, 1 µm diam, (0–)3-septate, (17–)20–24(–27) × (2.5–)3 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 30 mm diam on PDA and OA, 15 mm diam on MEA after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and sparse to moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface pale luteous with patches of saffron, and diffuse scarlet pigment in agar, reverse amber. On PDA and OA surface and reverse pale luteous. Notes — Based on LSU Paracylindrocarpon aloicola has 99 % (791/ 794) similarity to Hydropisphaera erubescens (ATCC 36093; GenBank AF193230.1). Likewise, ITS is 99 % (559/567) similar to Hydropisphaera erubescens (GenBank FJ969800.1) and 94 % (536/572) to Fusariella sinensis (OUCMBI110131; GenBank KP269041.1). The genus Hydropisphaera is based on H. peziza, which has an Acremonium asexual morph (Samuels 1976). Hydropisphaera erubescens has a cylindrocarpon-like asexual morph with 1–3-septate conidia (Samuels 1978), showing some resemblance to the present collection, suggesting that some members of Hydropisphaera would be better accommodated in Paracylindrocarpon once the genus has been revised. The genus Cylindrocarpon (Nectriaceae) has recently been revised, and shown to be polyphyletic (Halleen et al. 2004, Chaverri et al. 2011, Lombard et al. 2014), with Paracylindro carpon (Bionectriaceae) representing yet an additional genus in this complex. Typus. south africa, Western Cape Province, Robben Island, on leaves and twigs of Aloe sp. (Xanthorrhoeaceae), May 2015, P.W. Crous & F. Roets (holotype CBS H-22613, culture ex-type CPC 27362 = CBS 141300; ITS sequence GenBank KX228277.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228328.1, tub2 sequence GenBank KX228386.1, MycoBank MB817040). Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Aloe sp. growing on top of old gun turret on Robben Island; colony sporulating on PNA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, Johannes Z. Groenewald & Lorenzo Lombard, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl, e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl & l.lombard@cbs.knaw.nl Francois Roets, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; e-mail: fr@sun.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 368 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Fusicladium eucalypticola 369 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 425 – 4 July 2016 Fusicladium eucalypticola Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Sympoventuriaceae, Venturiales, Dothideo mycetes. Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, branched, septate, 1.5–3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells, or with basal supporting cell. Conidiogenous cells erect, brown, smooth, subcylindrical, straight, 5–20 × 2.5–3 µm, with a single terminal locus, thickened and darkened, 1–2 µm diam. Primary ramoconidia brown, smooth, subcylindrical, 0–2-septate, 15–25 × 3 µm, with 1–2 apical loci. Secondary ramoconidia brown, smooth, subcylindrical to fusoid-ellipsoid, 15 – 20 × 3 – 5 µm, 1– 3-septate; loci thickened, darkened, 0.5–1 µm diam. Conidia occurring in branched chains of up to 15 conidia, fusoid-ellipsoid, pale brown, smooth, guttulate, aseptate, (5 –)7–10(–12) × (2.5 –)3(– 4) µm; hila thickened, darkened, 0.5 µm diam. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA, PDA and OA surface and reverse sienna. Notes — The LSU sequence of Fusicladium eucalypticola is 99 % (868/871) similar to F. eucalypti (CBS 128216; GenBank HQ599601.1) and 94 % (824/872) to F. africanum (CPC 12829; GenBank EU035424.1). Based on ITS DNA sequence data F. eucalypticola is 99 % (532/539) similar to F. eucalypti (CBS 128216; GenBank HQ599600.1) and 86 % (319/371) to F. convolvularum (CPC 3884; GenBank AY251082.1). Fusicla dium eucalypti (on Eucalyptus sp., Queensland, Australia) has smaller secondary ramoconidia, being 0–1-septate, (10–)12– 13(–15) × (2–)2.5–3 µm, and narrower conidia, (7–)8–9(–10) × (2–)2.5(–3) µm (Crous et al. 2010a). Typus. france, La Réunion, on leaves of Eucalyptus robusta (Myrtaceae), 8 Mar. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22614, culture ex-type CPC 27238 = CBS 141301; ITS sequence GenBank KX228278.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228329.1, MycoBank MB817041). Colour illustrations. Forest undergrowth on La Réunion Island; conidiophores and conidia on PNA. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za Johannes J. Le Roux & David M. Richardson, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa; e-mail: jleroux@sun.ac.za & rich@sun.ac.za Dominique Strasberg, Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, 15 avenue René Cassin, CS 93002, 97 744 Saint-Denis Messag. Cedex 9, La Réunion, France; e-mail: dominique.strasberg@univ-reunion.fr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 370 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Paramycoleptodiscus albizziae 371 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 426 – 4 July 2016 Paramycoleptodiscus Crous & M.J. Wingf., gen. nov. Etymology. Name reflects a morphological similarity with the genus Myco leptodiscus. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Acrospermales, Dothideo mycetes. Mycelium consisting of hyaline, branched, septate hyphae that become brown, constricted at septa, forming a cluster of globose, brown, chlamydospore-like cells that form a stroma; stroma brown, solitary, globose, but with age joining along the length of hyphae to become strands of radiating stromata; stroma forming a sporodochium of densely aggregated, dark brown, ﬁnely roughened conidiogenous cells, subglobose to slightly ampulliform, containing a single, central phialidic locus, slightly papillate, with cylindrical collarette. Conidia solitary, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, granular, falcate, slightly curved, widest in middle, apex subobtusely rounded, base with welldeﬁned fusarium-like foot cell. Type species. Paramycoleptodiscus albizziae Crous & M.J. Wingf. MycoBank MB817042. Paramycoleptodiscus albizziae Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Albizzia, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Mycelium consisting of hyaline, branched, septate, 2–3 µm diam hyphae that become brown, constricted at septa, up to 6 µm diam, forming a cluster of globose, brown, chlamydosporelike cells up to 8 µm diam, that form a stroma; stroma brown, up to 100 µm diam, solitary, globose, but with age joining along the length of hyphae to become strands of radiating stromata; stroma forming a sporodochium of densely aggregated, dark brown, ﬁnely roughened conidiogenous cells, subglobose to slightly ampulliform, 7–12 × 5 –12 µm, containing a single, central phialidic locus, slightly papillate, 2–3.5 µm diam, with cylindrical collarette, 2–3 µm long. Conidia solitary, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, granular, falcate, slightly curved, widest in middle, apex subobtusely rounded, base with well-deﬁned fusarium-like foot cell, (23–)26–32(–37) × (3–)4 µm (including foot cell), 1–3 × 1–1.5 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, erumpent surface; margins smooth, lobate, and sparse to moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface and reverse mouse-grey. On OA surface mouse-grey. On PDA surface mouse-grey, reverse dark mousegrey. Notes — The LSU sequence of Paramycoleptodiscus albiz ziae is 95 % (544/572) similar to Mycoleptodiscus terrestris (type of Mycoleptodiscus; CBS 231.53; GenBank JN711859) and 94 % (754/800) to Arxiella dolichandrae (CBS 138853; GenBank KP004477.1). No highly similar sequences were obtained with the ITS sequence. Paramycoleptodiscus is distinct from Mycoleptodiscus (Sutton 1973) in that the latter has septate conidia with apical appendages, whereas in Paramycolepto discus the conidia are aseptate, and have a basal appendage in the form of a foot cell. Typus. Malaysia, Sabah, Tawau, on leaves of Albizzia falcataria (Faba ceae), May 2015, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22615, culture ex-type CPC 27552 = CBS 141320; ITS sequence GenBank KX228279.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228330.1, MycoBank MB817043). Colour illustrations. Stand of Albizzia falcataria trees; conidiomata sporulating on OA, sporodochia, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bar = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 372 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Malaysiasca phaii 373 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 427 – 4 July 2016 Malaysiasca Crous & M.J. Wingf., gen. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Malaysia, the country where it was collected. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Glomerellales, Sordariomy cetes. Stroma brown, globose, erumpent, giving rise to a fascicle of conidiophores. Conidiophores subcylindrical, unbranched, erect, flexuous, basal cell slightly swollen; thick-walled, ﬁnely roughened, granular to slightly guttulate, septate, grey-brown, becoming somewhat pale brown towards slightly tapered apex, rejuvenating percurrently, with apical conidiogenous cells. Coni diogenous cells integrated, pale brown, subcylindrical, phialidic, with periclinal thickening and minute collarette. Conidia solitary, aggregating in a slimy mass, ellipsoidal to cylindrical-ellipsoid to somewhat clavate, prominently guttulate, frequently with large central guttule, apex obtuse, base truncate, scar slightly thickened and darkened, frequently excentric. Ascomata perithecial, base immersed in substrate, obpyriform, papillate, dark brown with setae around base of perithecium, pale brown; wall of 3–5 layers of pale brown textura prismatica. Paraphyses persistent, hyaline, branched, septate, longer than asci. Asci unitunicate, cylindrical-clavate, short-stipitate, apex truncate with shallow annulus, 8-spored. Ascospores biseriate in ascus, ellipsoid to oblong, apiculate at ends, with one end having minute mucoid cap, hyaline, smooth, frequently with large central guttule, becoming 1-septate and pale brown after discharge. Type species. Malaysiasca phaii Crous & M.J. Wingf. MycoBank MB817044. Malaysiasca phaii Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Phaius, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Stroma brown, globose, erumpent, to 150 µm diam, giving rise to a fascicle of 2–10 conidiophores. Conidiophores subcylindrical, unbranched, erect, flexuous, basal cell slightly swollen, 7–12 µm diam; thick-walled, ﬁnely roughened, granular to slightly guttulate, 5–8-septate, grey-brown, becoming somewhat pale brown towards slightly tapered apex, rejuvenating percurrently, 150–220 × 5–7 µm, with apical conidiogenous cell. Conidiog enous cells integrated, pale brown, subcylindrical, 55–80 × 6 µm, phialidic, with periclinal thickening and minute collarette, apex 4–5 µm diam. Conidia solitary, aggregating in a slimy mass, ellipsoidal to cylindrical-ellipsoid to somewhat clavate, prominently guttulate, frequently with large central guttule, apex obtuse, base truncate, scar slightly thickened and darkened, frequently excentric, 3–4 µm diam, (16–)18–20(–24) × (8–)9– 10(–11) µm. On PNA developing a sexual morph after 4 wk, and essentially dissolving the cellolytic tissue of the pine needle in the process. Ascomata perithecial, base immersed in pine needles, to 250 µm wide, 400 µm tall, obpyriform, papillate, dark brown with setae around base of perithecium, pale brown; wall of 3–5 layers of pale brown textura prismatica. Paraphyses persistent, hyaline, branched, septate, longer than asci, 2.5–4 µm diam. Asci 55–80 × 9–12 µm, unitunicate, cylindrical-clavate, short-stipitate, apex truncate with shallow annulus, 8-spored. Ascospores biseriate in ascus, ellipsoid to oblong, apiculate at ends, with one end having minute mucoid cap, hyaline, smooth, frequently with large central guttule, becoming 1-septate and pale brown after discharge, (22–)24–27(–30) × (6–)7(–8) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 25 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins feathery, lobate, and sparse aerial mycelium. On MEA surface and reverse pale luteous. On OA surface dark mouse-grey. On PDA surface and reverse mouse-grey. Typus. Malaysia, Sabah, Tawau, on leaves of Phaius reflexipetalus (Orchi daceae), 30 May 2015, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22616, culture extype CPC 27548 = CBS 141321; ITS sequence GenBank KX228280.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228331.1, actA sequence GenBank KX228359.1, MycoBank MB817045). Notes — The LSU sequence of Malaysiasca phaii is 98 % (784/797) similar to that of Monilochaetes dimorphospora (MUCL 40959; GenBank HQ609480.1), 98 % (783/797) to Monilocha etes guadalcanalensis (CBS 346.76; GenBank GU180640.1) and 98 % (782 /797) to Australiasca queenslandica (BRIP 24334c; GenBank HM237323.1). Morphologically, Malaysiasca resembles the genus Australiasca (Réblová et al. 2011), but is distinct in that it forms a stroma that gives rise to fascicles of conidiophores, whereas stromata are absent in Australi asca. In general the asexual morph is similar to species of Monilochaetes, and would be difﬁcult to distinguish without the aid of molecular data. Colour illustrations. Forest undergrowth in Malaysia; ascomata, ascospores and asci; stroma giving rise to conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars: ascomata = 250 µm, all others = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 374 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Libertasomyces myopori 375 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 428 – 4 July 2016 Libertasomyces Crous & Roets, gen. nov. Etymology. This fungus was collected on Robben Island off the west coast of Cape Town, South Africa. The word robben is Dutch for ‘seal’, and thus ‘seal island’ is where Nelson Mandela, the ﬁrst democratically elected President of South Africa, was imprisoned for 18 of the 27 years he served behind bars before the fall of apartheid. Libertas (Latin) for freedom. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Pleosporales, Dothideomy cetes. Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary, dark brown, erumpent, globose, with central ostiole; wall of 3–6 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to doliiform, phialidic with prominent periclinal thickening. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, granular, thin-walled, ellipsoid, widest in middle, apex obtuse, base truncate to bluntly rounded, aseptate. Type species. Libertasomyces myopori Crous & Roets. MycoBank MB817046. Libertasomyces myopori Crous & Roets, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Myoporum, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Conidiomata (on pine needle agar; PNA) pycnidial, solitary, dark brown, erumpent, globose, to 300 µm diam, with central ostiole; wall of 3–6 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to doliiform, phialidic with prominent periclinal thickening, 3–6 × 3–4 µm. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, granular, thin-walled, ellipsoid, widest in middle, apex obtuse, base truncate to bluntly rounded, aseptate, (4–)4.5–5(–6) × (2–)2.5–3(–3.5) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, erumpent surface; margins smooth, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface dirty white, reverse luteous. On OA surface honey. On PDA surface buff with patches of isabelline, reverse isabelline to buff. Notes — On LSU Libertasomyces myopori is 98 % (792/808) similar to Camarosporium quaternatum (CBS 134.97; GenBank DQ377883.1), 98 % (791/808) to Leptosphaeria rubefaciens (CBS 387.80; GenBank JF740311.1), 97 % (787/809) to Pleno domus visci (CBS 122783; GenBank EU754195.1) and 97 % (786/808) to Neoplatysporoides aloicola (CPC 24435; GenBank KR476754.1), and represents another genus being phomalike in morphology. Neoplatysporoides aloicola (CPC 24435; GenBank KR476719.1) also represents the most similar ITS sequence at 92 % (534/580). Libertasomyces is morphologically quite distinct from Neoplatysporoides in that conidia remain hyaline and aseptate, in contrast to those of Neoplatysporoides that are 0–1-septate, golden brown, and with longitudinal striations (Crous et al. 2015a). Typus. south africa, Western Cape Province, Robben Island, on twigs of Myoporum serratum (Myoporaceae), May 2015, P.W. Crous & F. Roets (holotype CBS H-22617, culture ex-type CPC 27354 = CBS 141302; ITS sequence GenBank KX228281.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228332.1, MycoBank MB817047). Colour illustrations. Myoporum serratum growing on Robben Island; conidiomata sporulating on OA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Francois Roets, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; e-mail: fr@sun.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 376 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Fusicladium paraamoenum 377 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 429 – 4 July 2016 Fusicladium paraamoenum Crous, Jacq. Edwards & P.W.J. Taylor, sp. nov. Etymology. Name reflects morphological similarity to Fusicladium amoe num. Classiﬁcation — Sympoventuriaceae, Venturiales, Dothideo mycetes. Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, branched, septate, 2.5 – 3.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores erect, solitary, subcylindrical, dark brown, thick-walled, smooth, rarely branched below, 25–120 × 3–4 µm, 1–7-septate. Conidiog enous cells integrated, terminal, rarely lateral, 10–30 × 3–4 µm, brown, smooth, with several sympodial denticle-like loci, 1–1.5 µm diam, thickened and darkened. Conidia occurring in short chains, subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, guttulate, (0–)1(–3)-septate, ends obtusely rounded, hila thickened and darkened, 1.5–2 µm diam, (13–)15–20(–28) × (3–)3.5(–4) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 10 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, erumpent surface; margins smooth, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA and PDA surface umber, reverse chestnut. On OA surface umber with chestnut outer margin. Notes — On ITS Fusicladium paraamoenum is 98 % (560/ 574) similar to F. amoenum (CBS 254.95; GenBank EU035425.1) and 97 % (527/545) to F. intermedium (CBS 110746; GenBank EU035432.1). The LSU sequence is 99 % (907/909) similar to F. amoenum (CBS 254.95; GenBank EU035425.1) and 99 % (897/ 909) to F. intermedium (CBS 110746; GenBank EU035432.1). Conidia of F. paraamoenum are larger than those of F. amoenum (6–)10.5–12.8(–17.3) × (1.5–)2.4–3(–3.8) µm (Ho et al. 1999). Typus. australia, Victoria, Toolangi State Forest, S37°33'25.3" E145°31' 55.9", on leaves of Eucalyptus regnans (Myrtaceae), 9 Nov. 2014, P.W. Crous, J. Edwards & P.W.J. Taylor (holotype CBS H-22618, culture ex-type CPC 25596 = CBS 141322; ITS sequence GenBank KX228282.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228333.1, MycoBank MB817048). Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus regnans trees at Toolangi State Forest; conidiophores and conidia on SNA. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Jacqueline Edwards, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 5 Ring Road, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia; e-mail: jacky.edwards@ecodev.vic.gov.au Paul W.J. Taylor, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia; e-mail: paulwjt@unimelb.edu.au © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 378 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Ochroconis dracaenae Fungal Planet description sheets 379 Fungal Planet 430 – 4 July 2016 Ochroconis dracaenae Crous, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Dracaena, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Sympoventuriaceae, Venturiales, Dothideo mycetes. Mycelium consisting of smooth, pale brown, septate, branched, 1.5–3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect, brown, smooth, arising from superﬁcial hyphae, subcylindrical, straight to geniculous-sinuous, branched below or not, 1–6-septate, 10–30 × 2–3 µm. Conidiogenous cells brown, smooth, terminal and lateral on conidiophores, 5–15 × 2.5–3 µm, containing several apical, cylindrical denticles, 1–1.5 × 1 µm. Conidia solitary, subcylindrical, ends obtuse, pale brown, verruculose, medianly 1-septate, hilum thickened and darkened, 1 µm diam, (6.5–)7–9(–10) × (3–)3.5(–4) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading erumpent surface; margins smooth, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface isabelline, reverse brown-vinaceous. On OA surface brown-vinaceous. On PDA surface and reverse isabelline. Notes — On ITS Ochroconis dracaenae is 96 % (691/719) similar to O. humicola (UZ1582_14; GenBank KP326578.1) and 97 % (626/647) to O. musae (CBS 121963; GenBank HQ667535.1). No better matches were obtained with the protein coding sequences. Ochroconis dracaenae has smaller conidia than O. humicola (8–20 × 3–5 µm) and O. musae (9.0–13.5 × 4.8–6.7 μm) (Crous et al. 2014a, Samerpitak et al. 2015). Typus. usa, Texas, Austin, on leaf spots of Dracaena reflexa (Asparaga ceae), Aug. 2013, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-22619, culture ex-type CPC 26115 = CBS 141323; ITS sequence GenBank KX228283.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228334.1, rpb2 sequence GenBank KX228370.1, tef1 sequence GenBank KX228377.1, MycoBank MB817049). Colour illustrations. Forest path along walkway in Austin, Texas; conidiogenous cells and conidia on SNA. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 380 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Cytospora tibouchinae 381 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 431 – 4 July 2016 Cytospora tibouchinae Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Tibouchina, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Valsaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes. Conidiomatal (on pine needle agar; PNA) stromata up to 500 µm diam, rosette cytosporoid, subdivided by invaginations, up to six radially arranged. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth, branched, 0 – 3-septate, 15 – 25 × 2 – 3 µm, embedded in a gelatinous layer. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, with periclinal thickening, tapering towards apices, collarettes minute, 8–14 × 1.5–2 µm. Conidia hyaline, smooth, guttulate, allantoid, aseptate, (3 –) 3.5(–4) × 1(–1.5) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, and with moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface grey-olivaceous, reverse greyish sepia. On OA surface olivaceous grey. On PDA surface smoke grey with patches of honey, reverse grey olivaceous. Notes — Based on ITS sequence data Cytospora tibou chinae is 98 % (561/575) similar to Cytospora myrtagena (CMW4046; GenBank AY347380.1) (Adams et al. 2005, Rossman et al. 2015). Morphologically, Cytospora tibouchinae has conidia of similar dimensions, 3–3.5(–4) × 1 μm, but the two species can be distinguished in that C. myrtagena has unbranched conidiophores, and shorter conidiogenous cells, 5–7 × 1 µm (Adams et al. 2005). Typus. france, La Réunion, on stems of Tibouchina semidecandra (Melastomataceae), 12 Mar. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22620, culture ex-type CPC 26333 = CBS 141324; ITS sequence GenBank KX228284.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228335.1, MycoBank MB817050). Colour illustrations. Tibouchina semidecandra on La Réunion Island; conidiomata sporulating on PNA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za Johannes J. Le Roux & David M. Richardson, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa; e-mail: jleroux@sun.ac.za & rich@sun.ac.za Dominique Strasberg, Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, 15 avenue René Cassin, CS 93002, 97 744 Saint-Denis Messag. Cedex 9, La Réunion, France; e-mail: dominique.strasberg@univ-reunion.fr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 382 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Neotrimmatostroma paraexcenticum 383 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 432 – 4 July 2016 Neotrimmatostroma paraexcentricum Crous, Jacq. Edwards & Pascoe, sp. nov. Etymology. Name reflects a morphological similarity to Neotrimmato stroma excentricum. Classiﬁcation — Teratosphaeriaceae, Capnodiales, Dothi deomycetes. Leaf spots separate, coalescing with age, medium brown, subcircular with indistinct margins, 2–7 mm diam, amphigenous, but more prominent on epiphyllous surface. Mycelium immersed, consisting of pale brown, septate, branched, 2–3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiomata sporodochial, chiefly epiphyllous, concentrically arranged, dark brown, dry powdery, discrete, to 400 µm diam. Conidiophores micronematous, branched, septate, medium brown, smooth, densely aggregated, with differential thickening of periclinal wall, one side thinner than the other, to 30 µm tall, 3–4 µm diam. Conidiogenous cells holothallic, integrated, terminal, doliiform to subcylindrical, 7–10 × 3–4 µm. Conidia in sparsely branched chains, smooth, pale brown, 4-celled, consisting of upper and lower cells with truncate ends, separated by a thick, dark brown transverse septum, each primary cell with a smaller, lateral, globose secondary cell on either side of the primary septum. The two primary cells together are 9–11 µm diam, the secondary cells 4–5 µm diam. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 7 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with margins smooth, lobate, and sparse aerial mycelium. On MEA, PDA and OA surface and reverse iron-grey. Notes — On ITS Neotrimmatostroma paraexcentricum is 98 % (467/476) similar to N. excentricum (CBS 121102; GenBank KF901518.1) and on tef1 it is 89 % (331/372) similar to the same isolate (GenBank KF903123.1). Although morphologically similar, the two species can be distinguished in that the secondary conidium cells of N. excentricum are 2.5–4.5 µm diam, thus smaller than those of N. paraexcentricum (Sutton & Ganapathi 1978, Quaedvlieg et al. 2014). Typus. australia, Victoria, Phillip Island, Oswin Roberts Reserve, on leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 8 Nov. 2014, P.W. Crous, J. Edwards & I.G. Pascoe (holotype CBS H-22621, culture ex-type CPC 25594 = CBS 141325; ITS sequence GenBank KX228285.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228336.1, tef1 sequence GenBank KX228378.1, MycoBank MB817051). Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Eucalyptus sp.; conidiomata sporulating on leaf spot, colony on OA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Ian G. Pascoe & Jacqueline Edwards, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 5 Ring Road, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083 Australia; e-mail: pascoeig@bigpond.net.au & jacky.edwards@ecodev.vic.gov.au © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 384 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Setophoma cyperi 385 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 433 – 4 July 2016 Setophoma cyperi Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Cyperus, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothi deomycetes. Associated with leaf scorch symptoms on Cyperus. Ascomata immersed on host, erumpent in culture, black, globose, to 200 µm diam, with central ostiole; wall of 3–4 layers of dark brown textura angularis. Pseudoparaphyses intermingled among asci, hyaline, septate, branched prominently, constricted at septa, 2 – 4 µm diam. Asci bitunicate with apical chamber, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, fasciculate, stipitate, 8-spored, 65–80 × 11–13 µm. Ascospores tri- to multiseriate, fusoid with subobtusely rounded ends, ﬁnely verruculose, red-brown, guttulate, 2-septate, slightly constricted at septa, with central cell somewhat swollen, (26 –)27–29(–31) × (3.5–)4(–4.5) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 30 mm diam on MEA and OA, 10 mm diam on PDA, after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, erumpent surface; margins feathery, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA, PDA and OA surface dirty white, reverse dirty white to luteous. Notes — On LSU Setophoma cyperi is 98 % similar to several genera in Phaeosphaeriaceae, including Setophoma (e.g. 825/844 to S. sacchari CBS 333.39, GenBank GQ387586.1). De Gruyter et al. (2010) introduced the genus Setophoma to accommodate Pyrenochaeta sacchari, and Phookamsak et al. (2014) recently reported a sexual morph for the genus in Phaeo sphaeriaceae. Typus. south africa, Eastern Cape Province, Haga Haga, on leaves of Cyperus sphaerocephala (Cyperaceae), Dec. 2014, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22622, culture ex-type CPC 25702 = CBS 141450; ITS sequence GenBank KX228286.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228337.1, MycoBank MB817052). Colour illustrations. Leaves of Cyperus sphaerocephala; pseudoparaphyses, asci and ascospores. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 386 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Lareunionomyces syzygii 387 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 434 – 4 July 2016 Lareunionomyces Crous & M.J. Wingf., gen. nov. Etymology. Named after the island where this fungus was collected, La Réunion. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes. Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect, unbranched, subcylindrical, dark brown, smooth, septate, thick-walled, basal cell slightly swollen, lacking rhizoids. Penicillate conidiogenous apparatus pale brown, smooth; primary branches brown, smooth, subcylindrical to clavate, giving rise to up to several secondary branches, pale brown, subcylindrical to clavate; tertiary branches pale brown, giving rise to several phialides. Phialides subulate, pale brown, flexuous, venter cylindrical, with prominent collarette. Conidia hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical, aseptate, apex bluntly rounded, base truncate, in short chains that form slimy spore masses. Type species. Lareunionomyces syzygii Crous & M.J. Wingf. MycoBank MB817053. Lareunionomyces syzygii Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Syzygium, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, 2–3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect, unbranched, subcylindrical, dark brown, smooth, 3–7-septate, 50–100 × 5–8 µm, thick-walled, basal cell slightly swollen, to 10 µm diam, lacking rhizoids. Penicillate conidiogenous apparatus pale brown, smooth; primary branches brown, smooth, subcylindrical to clavate, 8–15 × 4–6 µm, giving rise to up to 8 secondary branches, pale brown, subcylindrical to clavate, 4–10 × 4–5 µm; tertiary branches pale brown, 4–7 × 3–4 µm, giving rise to several phialides. Phialides subulate, pale brown, flexuous, 9–12 × 2–2.5 µm, venter cylindrical, with prominent collarette, 4–6 µm long, apex 1.5–2 µm diam. Conidia hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical, aseptate, apex bluntly rounded, base truncate, (3.5–)4(–5) × (1.5–)2 µm, in short chains that form slimy spore masses. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 8 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, erumpent surface; margins smooth, lobate, and sparse aerial mycelium. On MEA surface pale luteous, reverse umber. On PDA and OA surface and reverse umber. Notes — Based on its mode of conidiogenesis, Wingﬁeld et al. (1987) regarded Sporendocladia as separate from Phialo cephala and Jacobs et al. (2003) showed that this complex is paraphyletic. Based on identiﬁcation in the MycoBank nucleotide database the LSU sequence of the present collection is 98.4 % similar to an isolate identiﬁed as Sporendocladia foliicola (CBS 201.95) and it is possible that these two species could be congeneric. The type of Sporendocladia (S. castanaea) is regarded as synonym of S. fumosa (Wingﬁeld et al. 1987, Crous & Wingﬁeld 1994) but the culture, CBS 518.93, is not congeneric with the present collection, and hence a new genus is introduced here to accommodate the present collection. Morphologically, Sporendocladia is similar to Lareunionomyces, except that the latter genus has a more intricate conidiogenous apparatus, with numerous tightly aggregated branches and phialides. Typus. france, La Réunion, on leaves of Syzygium jambos (Myrtaceae), 12 Mar. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22623, culture ex-type CPC 26531 = CBS 141326; ITS sequence GenBank KX228287.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228338.1, MycoBank MB817054). Colour illustrations. Branch of Syzygium jambos; colony on OA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za Johannes J. Le Roux & David M. Richardson, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa; e-mail: jleroux@sun.ac.za & rich@sun.ac.za Dominique Strasberg, Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, 15 avenue René Cassin, CS 93002, 97 744 Saint-Denis Messag. Cedex 9, La Réunion, France; e-mail: dominique.strasberg@univ-reunion.fr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 388 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Parawiesneriomyces syzygii 389 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 435 – 4 July 2016 Parawiesneriomyces Crous & M.J. Wingf., gen. nov. Etymology. Name reflects a morphological similarity to the genus Wiesne riomyces. Classiﬁcation — Wiesneriomycetaceae, Tubeufiales, Dothi deomycetes. Mycelium consisting of brown, ﬁnely verruculose, branched, septate hyphae, giving rise to hyphopodia-like structures, with several lateral branches, creating a cauliflower-like appearance. Setae loosely associated with sporodochia, erect, flexuous, base bulbous, lacking rhizoids, apex acute, thickwalled, smooth, granular, dark brown, septate. Conidiomata sporodochial, solitary, becoming somewhat gregarious in older cultures, hyaline, becoming pale luteous with age; arising from a basal stroma of loosely aggregated brown hyphae that give rise to densely aggregated, hyaline, penicillate conidiophores. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth, penicillate, septate (constricted at septa), branched, with several series of branches. Conidi ogenous cells terminal, clavate, hyaline, smooth, straight to gently curved, polyblastic, with several flat-tipped apical loci. Conidia solitary, aggregated in mucoid mass, hyaline, smooth, granular, prominently guttulate, subcylindrical, widest in middle with taper towards both ends that are obtusely rounded, septate, prominently constricted at septa, joined by a narrow isthmus. Type species. Parawiesneriomyces syzygii Crous & M.J. Wingf. MycoBank MB817060. Parawiesneriomyces syzygii Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Syzygium, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Mycelium (on SNA, OA and PNA) consisting of brown, ﬁnely verruculose, branched, septate, 3–5 µm diam hyphae, giving rise to hyphopodia-like structures, up to 25 µm tall, with several lateral branches (5–15 µm diam), creating a cauliflower-like appearance. Setae loosely associated with sporodochia, erect, flexuous, base bulbous (7–15 µm diam), lacking rhizoids, apex acute, thick-walled, smooth, granular, dark brown, 8–12-septate (at times minutely constricted at some septa), 180–300 µm tall. Conidiomata sporodochial, 80–300 µm diam, solitary, becoming somewhat gregarious in older cultures, hyaline, becoming pale luteous with age; arising from a basal stroma of loosely aggregated brown hyphae that give rise to densely aggregated, hyaline, penicillate conidiophores. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth, penicillate, septate (constricted at septa), branched, 40–80 × 3–4 µm, with up to three series of branches. Conidiogenous cells terminal, clavate, hyaline, smooth, straight to gently curved, 5–8 × 3–4 µm, polyblastic, with several flat-tipped apical loci, 0.5–1 µm diam. Conidia solitary, aggregated in mucoid mass, hyaline, smooth, granular, prominently guttulate, subcylindrical, widest in middle with taper towards both ends that are obtusely rounded, (4–)6–7-septate, prominently constricted at septa, joined by a narrow isthmus, (41–)65–75(–80) × 2(–3.5) µm, median cells 9–12 µm long, terminal cells 8–10 × 2–3 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 60 mm diam after 3 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins smooth, even, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA, OA and PDA surface and reverse mouse-grey with patches of dark mouse-grey. Typus. france, La Réunion, on leaves of Syzygium jambos (Myrtaceae), 12 Mar. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22630, culture ex-type CPC 26528 = CBS 141333; ITS sequence GenBank KX228288.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228339.1, MycoBank MB817061). Notes — Wiesneriomycetaceae accommodates two genera, namely Wiesneriomyces and Pseudogliophragma (Suetrong et al. 2014, Pratibha et al. 2015). Based on LSU sequence data, the present isolate is more closely related to Pseudogliophragma indicum (815/825 (99 %); MTCC 11985; GenBank KM052851.1) than to Wiesneriomyces conjuncto sporus (798/823 (97 %); BCC18525; GenBank KJ425450.1). Morphologically, Parawiesneriomyces closely resembles the genus Wiesneriomyces, but can be distinguished in that sporodochia are not elevated by a dark pseudoparenchymatous stalk, but arise flat on the agar surface, and the setae are not directly linked to sporodochia, but also occur in the absence of sporodochia. Parawiesneriomyces syzygii differs from W. con junctosporus (setae up to 650 µm tall, conidia 230–360 µm long) by having shorter setae and conidia (Kuthubutheen & Nawawi 1988). Incidentally, both Kuthubutheen & Nawawi (1988) and Suetrong et al. (2014) regarded the conidial propagules as deﬁned here as chains of individual conidia, whereas we regard this as a single, multiseptate conidium. This is also based on the difference in morphology between the median and end cells of the propagule, and that fact that the conidium does not readily break into smaller ‘conidia’ with age. Pratibha et al. (2015) were in agreement with this interpretation and referred to these propagules as phragmoconidia. Colour illustrations. Conidiomata sporulating on PNA, seta, cauliflowerlike lateral branch, conidiogenous apparatus and conidia. Scale bars: seta = 300 µm, all others = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za Johannes J. Le Roux & David M. Richardson, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa; e-mail: jleroux@sun.ac.za & rich@sun.ac.za Dominique Strasberg, Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, 15 avenue René Cassin, CS 93002, 97 744 Saint-Denis Messag. Cedex 9, La Réunion, France; e-mail: dominique.strasberg@univ-reunion.fr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 390 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Pseudophloeospora eucalyptorum 391 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 436 – 4 July 2016 Pseudophloeospora eucalyptorum Crous, Jacq. Edwards & Pascoe, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Incertae sedis, Xylariales, Sordariomy cetes. Leaf spots amphigenous, angular to irregular, medium to dark brown, 2–7 µm diam with raised border. Conidiomata pycnidial on host, in culture appearing more acervular to even sporodochial, brown, to 250 µm diam; wall of 3–6 layers of pale brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, branched, 1– 5-septate, 15–60 × 2.5–3.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal and lateral, hyaline, smooth, tapering towards truncate apex, proliferating sympodially as well as inconspicuously percurrently at apex, 5–15 × 2–2.5 µm. Conidia hyaline, smooth, ﬁliform, guttulate, flexuous, subcylindrical, widest in lower third, tapering to an acutely rounded apex, and truncate base, 1.5 µm diam, 3-septate, (30–)50–67(–75) × 2.5(–3) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, erumpent, folded surface; margins feathery, lobate, and moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface dirty white, with patches of pale mouse grey, reverse sienna with patches of luteous. On OA surface dirty white. On PDA surface sienna to luteous, reverse ochreous. Notes — On ITS Pseudophloeospora eucalyptorum is 98 % (612/625) similar to Pseudophloeospora eucalypti (CBS 128212; GenBank HQ599592). Morphologically, the two species can be distinguished in that on average the conidia of P. eucalypti are larger, (60–)65–75(–80) × (1.5–)2(–2.5) µm (Crous et al. 2010b). Typus. australia, Victoria, near Gurdies Winery, Gurdies-St. Helier Road, The Gurdies, S38°22'49.8" E145°34'23.4", on leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 7 Nov. 2014, P.W. Crous, J. Edwards & I.G. Pascoe (holotype CBS H-22624, culture ex-type CPC 25600 = CBS 141327; ITS sequence GenBank KX228289.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228340.1, MycoBank MB817055). Colour illustrations. Australian winery; symptomatic Eucalyptus leaf, colony sporulating on OA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bar = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Ian G. Pascoe & Jacqueline Edwards, AgriBio Centre for AgriBiosciences, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 5 Ring Road, LaTrobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083 Australia; e-mail: pascoeig@bigpond.net.au & jacky.edwards@ecodev.vic.gov.au © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 392 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Proxipyricularia asari 393 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 437 – 4 July 2016 Proxipyricularia asari Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Asarum, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Pyriculariaceae, Magnaporthales, Sordario mycetes. Ascomata separate, immersed, globose, brown, to 200 µm diam, with central papillate ostiole; wall of 2–4 layers of brown textura angularis. Hamathecium dissolving upon maturity, with some cells remaining among asci. Asci unitunicate, hyaline, smooth, 8-spored, subcylindrical, stipitate, apical mechanism refractive, but not straining in Meltzer’s, 50–75 × 10–12 µm. As cospores biseriate, fusoid-ellipsoid, widest in middle, with taper towards subobtusely rounded ends, slightly curved to straight, 3-septate, pale brown, guttulate, (16–)18–20(–22) × (4–)5 µm. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight to flexuous, unbranched, subcylindrical, brown, smooth, 1–8-septate, 55–200 × 3.5–5 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, apex somewhat swollen with numerous denticle-like loci, 1–1.5 µm tall and in diam, slightly thickened and darkened, 25–60 × 3.5–5 µm. Conidia solitary, pyriform, brown, ﬁnely verruculose, guttulate, granular, apex subobtusely rounded, with or without mucoid cap, base truncate, hilum 1.5 µm diam, darkened, thickened, 2-septate, (20–)22–24(–26) × (6.5–)7–8 µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, even margins. On MEA surface pale mouse-grey with patches of dirty white, reverse isabelline with patches of pale luteous. On OA surface honey with patches of pale mouse grey. On PDA surface honey, reverse isabelline to honey. Notes — On LSU Proxipyricularia asari is 99 % (736/740) similar to species of Proxipyricularia, Neopyricularia and Pyri cularia. The rpb1 sequence is 92 % (900/978) similar to Pyri cularia ctenantheicola (GR0001; GenBank KM485098.1) and 89 % (868/975) to Proxipyricularia zingiberis (HYZiM201-0-1; GenBank KM485091.1), suggesting that this may even represent yet another genus in this complex (Klaubauf et al. 2014). Typus. Malaysia, Sabah, on leaves and stems of Asarum sp. (Aristolochia ceae), May 2015, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22625, culture ex-type CPC 27444 = CBS 141328; ITS sequence GenBank KX228291.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228342.1, actA sequence GenBank KX228361.1, rpb1 sequence GenBank KX228368.1, MycoBank MB817056); ibid., CPC 27442 (ITS sequence GenBank KX228290.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228341.1, actA sequence GenBank KX228360.1). Colour illustrations. Forest undergrowth in Malaysia; ascomata on stem of Asarum sp., ascoma, asci, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars: ascoma = 200 µm, all others = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 394 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Diaporthe passiloricola 395 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 438 – 4 July 2016 Diaporthe passiloricola Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Passiflora, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomy cetes. Conidiomata (on pine needle agar; PNA) pycnidial, solitary, black, erumpent, globose, to 250 µm diam, with short black neck, exuding creamy droplets from central ostioles; walls consisting of 3 – 6 layers of medium brown textura angula ris. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth, 2–3-septate, branched, densely aggregated, cylindrical, straight to sinuous, 20–50 × 3–4 µm. Conidiogenous cells 7–20 × 1.5–2.5 µm, phialidic, cylindrical, terminal and lateral with slight taper towards apex, 1–1.5 µm diam, with visible periclinal thickening; collarette not observed. Paraphyses not observed. Alpha conidia aseptate, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, fusoid-ellipsoid, tapering towards both ends, apex subobtuse, base subtruncate, (5–)6–7(–9) × 2.5(–3) µm. Gamma conidia not observed. Beta conidia spindleshaped, aseptate, smooth, hyaline, apex acutely rounded, base truncate, tapering from lower third towards apex, curved, (20–)22–25(–27) × 1.5(–2) µm. Culture characteristics — Colonies covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C, with even, smooth margins, and fluffy aerial mycelium. On MEA surface dirty white, reverse luteous to ochreous. On OA surface dirty white. On PDA surface dirty white, reverse saffron. Notes — On ITS Diaporthe passifloricola is 98 % (556/567) similar to D. miriciae (BRIP 56918a; GenBank KJ197284.1) and 90 % (466/519)–93 % (402/430) similar to ﬁve sequences of ‘Phomopsis’ tersa deposited on GenBank (e.g. KF516000.1 and JQ585648.1). The his3 sequence is 100 % (380/380) identical to D. absenteum (LC3564; GenBank KP293559.1) and 99 % (378/380) to the sterile Diaporthe ‘sp. 1 RG-2013’ (LGMF947; GenBank KC343687.1), whereas the tub2 sequence is 99 % (513/517) to the sterile Diaporthe ‘sp. 1 RG-2013’ (LGMF947; GenBank KC344171.1) and 99 % (589 /595) to D. miriciae (BRIP 56918a; GenBank KJ197264.1). Although alpha conidia of D. miriciae are similar in size ((6–)7.5(–9) × 2–2.5(–3) μm), beta conidia are larger (20–35 × 1.0–1.5 μm) and conidiophores are shorter (10–20 × 1.5–3 μm) (Thompson et al. 2015). Other species previously reported from Passiflora include D. passiflorae (conidia 14–20 × 1.5–2 μm; Crous et al. 2012a) and ‘Phomopsis’ tersa (conidia 6.5–7.5 × 2.5 μm) (Sutton 1980). ‘Phomopsis’ tersa has alpha conidia of similar dimensions, but has much larger conidiomata (to 650 µm diam), shorter conidiophores (to 15 µm long) and lacks beta conidia (Sutton 1980). Typus. Malaysia, Kota Kinabalu, on leaf spots of Passiflora foetida (Passi floraceae), May 2015, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22626, culture ex-type CPC 27480 = CBS 141329; ITS sequence GenBank KX228292.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228343.1, his3 sequence GenBank KX228367.1, tub2 sequence GenBank KX228387.1, MycoBank MB817057). Colour illustrations. Flower of Passiflora foetida; conidiomata sporulating on PNA, conidiophores, beta and alpha conidia. Scale bars: conidiomata = 250 µm, all others = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 396 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Diaporthe ocoteae 397 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 439 – 4 July 2016 Diaporthe ocoteae Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Ocotea, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomy cetes. Conidiomata (on pine needle agar; PNA) pycnidial, solitary, black, erumpent, globose, to 300 µm diam, exuding creamy droplets from central ostioles; walls consisting of 3–6 layers of medium brown textura angularis. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth, 2–3-septate, branched, densely aggregated, cylindrical, straight to sinuous, 15–35 × 2.5–4 µm. Conidiogenous cells 7–15 × 2–3 µm, phialidic, cylindrical, terminal and lateral with slight taper towards apex, 1.5 µm diam, with visible periclinal thickening; collarette not flared, up to 1 µm long when present. Paraphyses cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, 1–6-septate, 30–80 × 2–3 µm. Alpha conidia aseptate, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, fusoid, tapering towards both ends, apex subobtuse, base subtruncate, (8–)9–10(–13) × (2–)2.5–3 µm. Gamma conidia not observed. Beta conidia not observed. Culture characteristics — Colonies covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C, with sparse to moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface dirty white with patches of pale mouse grey, reverse umber with patches of luteous. On OA surface pale luteous with patches of umber. On PDA surface and reverse pale luteous with patches of pale mouse-grey. Notes — Based on LSU sequence data Diaporthe ocoteae is 99 % similar to species of Diaporthe and Phaeocytostroma (Lamprecht et al. 2011, Rossman et al. 2015) and based on ITS < 95 % and tub2 < 90 % similar to presently known species of Diaporthe. As far as we could establish, no Diaporthe sp. has thus far been described from Ocotea and hence Diaporthe ocoteae is introduced as a new species. Typus. france, La Réunion, on leaves of Ocotea obtusata (Lauraceae), 6 Mar. 2015, P.W. Crous & M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-22627, culture ex-type CPC 26217 = CBS 141330; ITS sequence GenBank KX228293.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228344.1, tub2 sequence GenBank KX228388.1, MycoBank MB817058). Colour illustrations. Forest on La Réunion; conidiomata sporulating on PNA, conidiophores and conidia. Scale bar = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za Johannes J. Le Roux & David M. Richardson, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa; e-mail: jleroux@sun.ac.za & rich@sun.ac.za Dominique Strasberg, Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, 15 avenue René Cassin, CS 93002, 97 744 Saint-Denis Messag. Cedex 9, La Réunion, France; e-mail: dominique.strasberg@univ-reunion.fr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 398 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Phaeosphaeria breonadiae 399 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 440 – 4 July 2016 Phaeosphaeria breonadiae Crous & Jol. Roux, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Breonadia, the plant genus from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothi deomycetes. Leaf spots prominent on hypophyllous leaf surface, subcircular, medium brown, erumpent, with raised margin, 3–7 mm diam, with immersed black pseudothecia; upper leaf surface with pale green spot, lacking any ascomata. Ascomata globose to papillate, dark brown with central darker brown ostiole, up to 30 µm diam, solitary, but commonly aggregated in a cluster, joined by stromatic tissue, up to 250 µm diam; wall of several layers of brown textura angularis. Asci short stipitate, bitunicate, cylindrical-ellipsoid, with obtuse apex and small apical chamber, 35–60 × 8–11 µm, 8-spored, straight to irregularly curved. Pseudoparaphyses intermingled among asci, hyaline, septate, anastomosing, hyphae-like, 2.5–3.5 µm diam. Ascospores bi- to triseriate in asci, fusoid-ellipsoidal with obtuse ends, 3-septate, constricted at median septum, second cell from apex swollen, medium brown, smooth, guttulate to granular, (16–)18–20(–21) × (3.5–)4–5 µm; ascospores are homothallic and produce the sexual morph in culture; ascospores distorting somewhat at germination, brown, ﬁnely roughened, with germ tubes growing parallel to the long axis of the spore. Culture characteristics — Colonies reaching up to 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, flat surface; margins uneven, feathery; aerial mycelium absent to sparse. On MEA surface dirty white to pale luteous, reverse luteous. On OA surface luteous. On PDA surface luteous, reverse saffron. Notes — At least three species are present on these lesions. One of these resembled Teratosphaeria, another having aseptate ascospores and the third being the Phaeosphaeria ascomycete described here. LSU sequence data places Phaeosphaeria breonardiae with 98 % identity in Phaeosphaeria. Based on ITS, it is 99 % (564/566) similar to ‘Phoma sp. 2’ TMS-2011 voucher SC12d10p12-12 (GenBank HQ631048.1), an isolate obtained from decaying sugarcane in the USA (Shrestha et al. 2011). The isolate did not produce the asexual morph in culture, but based on its DNA sequence, it appears to be the same, or closely related species to the USA isolate (Shrestha et al. 2011). The tef1 sequence did not yield results showing high similarity to other fungi. Typus. south africa, Limpopo Province, Wolkberg, on leaves of Breonadia microcephala (Rubiaceae), Jan. 2015, J. Roux (holotype CBS H-22631, culture ex-type CPC 25944 = CBS 141334; ITS sequence GenBank KX228294.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228345.1, tef1 sequence GenBank KX228379.1, MycoBank MB817062). Colour illustrations. Wolkberg in Limpopo Province; leaf spot, ascomata on OA, asci and germinating ascospores. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Jolanda Roux, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: jolanda.roux@up.ac.za © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 400 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Alternaria quercicola 401 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 441 – 4 July 2016 Alternaria quercicola Woudenb. & Mirab., sp. nov. Etymology. Named after the plant genus from which it was isolated, Quercus. Classiﬁcation — Pleosporaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideo mycetes Associated with shothole disease symptoms on leaves. Infected tissues die and cannot expand as the leaf continues to grow, eventually tearing out, creating the typical disease symptoms. Primary conidiophores solitary, smooth, straight to slightly curved, septate, pale brown with a hyaline tip, (16–)21–37(–48) × 3–4(–5) µm, bearing 0–1 geniculate conidiogenous extensions with darkened conidiogenous loci. Conidia solitary or in short chains, simple or branched, pale olive-brown, (narrowly) ovoid to obpyriform, primary conidia (25 –)31– 51(– 57) × (6–)8–11(–12) µm, with 3–8 transverse septa and occasionally 1 oblique or longitudinal septa, rough walled at the lower sections and smooth walled at the top sections. The conidial body sometimes constricted near thickened and darkened transverse septa. Conidia can form an apical secondary conidiophore, which can again form a geniculate conidiogenous extension. Sexual morph not observed. Culture characteristics — After 7 d cultures on SNA flat, ﬁmbriate, colourless, aerial mycelium sparse, colonies reaching 50 mm diam; cultures on PCA flat, entire, colourless, aerial mycelium sparse, colonies reaching 60 mm diam. Notes — Species of Alternaria are commonly associated with leaf spot, postharvest and other diseases of various crops. Recent molecular studies have revealed that species of the genus cluster in several distinct species clades, now referred to as sections, which places A. quercicola within section Infectoria (Woudenberg et al. 2013, 2014, 2015). Based on the gene loci sequenced, A. quercicola is clearly distinct from other taxa in the Infectoria complex. Alternaria querci represents a potentially similar species occurring on Fagaceae in China (Zhang et al. 1999). Unfortunately, no culture was available for study, and the description was insufﬁcient to make a good comparison. Typus. iran, Fars province, on leaves of Quercus brantii (Fagaceae), 3 May 2013, M. Mirabolfathy (holotype CBS H-22640, culture ex-type CPC 26163 = CBS 141466; ITS sequence GenBank KX228295.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228346.1, gapdh sequence GenBank KX228362.1, MycoBank MB817068); ibid., cPc 26164, cPc 26165 (ITS, LSU, gapdh sequences GenBank KX228296.1–KX228297.1, KX228347.1–KX228348.1, KX228363.1–KX228364.1). Colour illustrations. Iran, Quercus brantii (Persian oak) tree; conidiophores, with conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Joyce H.C. Woudenberg, Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: j.woudenberg@cbs.knaw.nl, p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl Mansoureh Mirabolfathy, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran; e-mail: mmirab2000@yahoo.com © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 402 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Stemphylium beticola 403 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 442 – 4 July 2016 Stemphylium beticola Woudenb. & Hanse, sp. nov. Etymology. Named after the plant genus from which it was collected, Beta. Classiﬁcation — Pleosporaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideo mycetes. Conidiophores solitary, straight to flexuous, occasionally branched, septate, smooth, pale brown, (41–)45–72(–88) × 4–5 µm, bearing 1–3 darkened percurrent rejuvenation sites. Conidi ogenous cells swollen at the apex, darkened, 5–6 µm wide. Conidia solitary, conidium body pale olive-brown, verrucose, ellipsoid to cylindrical, (21–)22–26(–30) × (13–)14–16(–18) µm, L/W = 1.6, with 2–4 transverse septa and 1–3 longitudinal and 0–2 oblique septa per transverse sector. Constricted at 1–2 darkened transverse septa. Occasionally with an apical secondary conidiophore. Immature ascomata of sexual morph observed on agar, pseudothecia globose, ellipsoid or irregular, single or aggregated, ranging from 100 –300 µm tall. Culture characteristics — After 7 d cultures on SNA flat, ﬁmbriate, colourless with abundant black ascomatal initials in the agar, aerial mycelium is sparse, white, colonies reaching 45–55 mm diam; cultures on PCA flat, entire to undulate, colourless with abundant black ascomata in the agar, aerial mycelium sparse, floccose, (greenish) olivaceous; colonies reaching 50 –60 mm diam. Typus. netherlands, Noord-Brabant, Langenboom, on leaves of Beta vul garis (Amaranthaceae), 17 Aug. 2011, P. Wilting (holotype CBS H-22486, culture ex-type GV11-265a = CBS 141024; ITS sequence GenBank KU850520, LSU sequence GenBank KX228349.1, gapdh sequence GenBank KU850667, MycoBank MB815876). Notes — In 2007 a new leaf spot disease was ﬁrst discovered on sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) in the Netherlands, which spread rapidly throughout the country in the following years (Hanse 2013). Currently, the disease has been detected in Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Sweden and the UK (unpubl. data). The disease manifests in June – August and starts with small, irregular, yellow spots on the leaves of sugar beet. The yellow spots become necrotic from the centre of the lesion outwards with tissue turning brown. The spots spread over all the leaves of the plant, and in case of severe infestation, heavily infected leaves will die. Due to this loss of leaves the canopy, and thus sugar yield, declines. A Stemphy lium sp. was detected as the causative agent and additional ﬁeld trials showed that the fungus is hard to control with the current registered fungicides in the Netherlands (Hanse et al. 2015). Host range tests under climate room conditions showed that the fungus was not restricted to sugar beet, but could also infect potato (Solanum tuberosum), white mustard (Sinapsis alba), red beet (Beta vulgaris), spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and fat hen (Chenopodium album) (Hanse et al. 2015). Blast searches of the ITS and gapdh gene sequences give high similarity hits with isolates CBS 116599 (P107), CBS 135690 (P212) and CBS 133892 (P221), which were regarded a new Stemphylium species by Inderbitzin et al. (2009). Here we describe the species as Stemphylium beticola. Additional specimens examined. netherlands, Drenthe, Eerste Exloërmond, on leaves of Beta vulgaris, 11 Sept. 2012, B. Hanse, GV12-474a1 = CBS 141026; ITS sequence GenBank KU850522, gapdh sequence GenBank KU850669; Groningen, Nieuwe Pekela, on leaves of Beta vulgaris, 17 July 2012, J. Lingbeek, GV12-288-2 = CBS 141025; ITS sequence GenBank KU850521.1, gapdh sequence GenBank KU850668.1. S. xanthosomatis CBS 116585 T S. paludiscirpi CBS 109842 T 100 S. triglochinicola CBS 133732 S. trifolii CBS 116580 73 S. sarciniforme CBS 116579 S. loti P385 95 99 S. beticola CBS 133892 99 91 S. beticola CBS 141025 S. beticola CBS 116599 S. beticola CBS 141024 T S. beticola CBS 136590 S. beticola CBS 141026 0.01 Colour illustrations. The Netherlands, Beta vulgaris ﬁeld; yellow leaf spots on Beta vulgaris; ascomata; conidiophores with conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars: ascomata = 100 µm, others = 10 µm. Maximum likelihood tree based on a multiple sequence alignment of the ITS and gapdh sequences containing 1 083 characters in total. The analysis was run with RAxML v. 7.2.6 (Stamatakis & Alachiotis 2010) using the GTR+CAT model and included 500 bootstrap replicates. The tree was rooted to S. xanthosomatis. Bootstrap support values are indicated at the nodes. Joyce H.C. Woudenberg, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: j.woudenberg@cbs.knaw.nl Bram Hanse, IRS, P.O. Box 32, 4600 AA Bergen op Zoom, The Netherlands; email: hanse@irs.nl © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 404 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Rasamsonia columbiensis 405 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 443 – 4 July 2016 Rasamsonia columbiensis Jurjević, Hubka & S.W. Peterson, sp. nov. Etymology. The species is named for the type locality, District of Columbia, USA. Classiﬁcation — Trichocomaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomy cetes. On MEA: Stipes predominantly arising from aerial hyphae, verrucose, (50 –)100 – 250(– 300) × 2.5 – 4 μm, terminating in appressed biverticillate structures, occasionally monoverticillate or terverticillate, branches on subterminal and intercalary positions, appearing as separate stipes, short 5–50(–75) × 2.5–4 μm; metulae in terminal whorls of 2–5, verrucose, 8–12(–17) × 2.5–4.5 μm; phialides with long tapering collula, acerose, occasionally rough (8–)9–12(–16) × 2.5–3.5(–5) μm; conidia smooth walled, cylindrical to ovoid, (2.5–)3–4(–7) × 2.5–4.5 μm diam. Culture characteristics — (in darkness, 25 °C after 7 d): Colonies on malt extract agar (MEA) 30–31 mm diam, colony texture velutinous to slightly floccose, mycelium white, sporulation abundant, cream-buff (R30; Ridgway 1912), exudate clear, small droplets predominate, soluble pigments absent, reverse cream-buff to chamois (R30). Colonies on Czapek yeast autolysate agar (CYA) 14–15 mm diam, colony texture velutinous to slightly floccose, mycelium white, at margins c. 2–3 mm broad zone of submerged growth, sporulation abundant, conidia en masse cream-buff to chamois (R30), exudate absent, soluble pigments absent, reverse cream-buff (R30). Colonies on potato dextrose agar (PDA) 29 – 30 mm diam, colony texture velutinous to slightly floccose, mycelium white, sporulation abundant, cream-buff (R30), exudate clear, small droplets are predominant, soluble pigments absent, reverse cream-buff (R30). Colonies on oatmeal agar (OA) 19–20 mm diam, colony texture slightly floccose, mycelium white, at margins c. 4–5 mm broad zone of submerged growth, sporulation abundant, conidia en masse cream-buff to chamois (R30), exudate, sparse, no soluble pigments. Colonies on Czapek yeast agar with 20 % sucrose (CY20S) 14–15 mm diam, colony texture velutinous, mycelium white, sporulation good, conidia en masse cream-buff (R30), no exudate or soluble pigments, reverse uncoloured to cream-buff (R30). Colonies on dichloran glycerol agar (DG18) 8–9 mm diam, colony texture velutinous to slightly floccose, mycelium white, at margins c. 3 mm broad zone of submerged growth sporulation abundant, conidia en masse cream-buff to chamois (R30), exudate absent, soluble pigments absent, reverse cartridge buff (R30), cream-buff (R30) to chamois centrally (R30). Colonies on Czapek yeast autolysate agar with 5 % NaCl 2–3 mm diam, sporulation absent. Colonies on creatine sucrose agar (CREA) 19–20 mm diam, moderate to good growth, no acid production, mycelium white, predominantly submerged, sporulation good at the centre of the colony. Growth rates at different temperatures: colonies on CYA/MEA (in mm) 20 °C 9–10/19–20; 30 °C 16–17/43–45; 35 °C 15–17/38–39; 37 °C 15–16/30–31; 41 °C 9–10/19–20; 45 °C no growth. Colonies on MEA at 41 °C radially moderate deep sulcate, no exudate, reverse chamois to Isabella colour (R30); on CYA at 41 °C, very poor sporulation, mycelium white, colony texture funiculose to lightly floccose, exudate absent, soluble pigments absent. Typus. usa, Washington DC, air of a hotel conference room, 18 June 2015, Ž. Jurjević (holotype BPI 910043, cultures ex-type CBS 141097 = CCF 5289, ITS and partial LSU sequence GenBank LT548281, β-tubulin sequence GenBank LT548285, MycoBank MB816869). Notes — BLAST analysis of the ITS and β-tubulin sequences of Rasamsonia columbiensis with reference sequences (Houbraken et al. 2013, Tanney & Seifert 2013) gave the closest match with the ex-type strain of R. brevistipitata CBS 128785 T: ITS 96 %, β-tubulin 87 %. Rasamsonia columbiensis fails to grow at 45 °C, while closely related R. brevistipitata grows. Also R. columbiensis has larger spores ((2.5–)3–4(–7) × 2.5–4.5 μm) than R. brevistipitata ((2–)2.5–3(–3.5) × 1.7–2.1 μm). 98 [JX272994] [ JX272968] R. piperina CBS 104.69 R. piperina CBS 408.73T [JF417483] 99 [JF417473] [ JX272988] 100 100 [ JX272980] [ JF417491] T548281] 88 R. eburnea CBS 100538T R. eburnea CBS 124447 R. aegroticola CBS 132819T R. aegroticola DTO 137B7 R. argillacea CBS 101.69T R. columbiensis CBS 141097T sp. nov. [JF417488] R. brevistipitata CBS 128785T 100 [ JF417489] R. brevistipitata CBS 128786 100 [KF242514] Best scoring maximum likelihood tree (T92+G substitution model) based on sequences of the ITS rDNA showing relationships of Rasamsonia columbiensis to other Rasamsonia species. The tree was constructed with the IQ-TREE v. 1.4.0 (Nguyen et al. 2015). Dataset contained 21 taxa and a total of 697 characters with 169 characters variable and 125 parsimony-informative. Support values at branches were obtained from 1 000 bootstrap replicates. Only bootstrap support ≥ 70 % are shown on the branches; ex-type strains are designated by a superscript T. [KF242515] 100 [JF417470] [JF417471] 99 [ JF417476] [ JF417477] R. pulvericola DAOM 242435T R. pulvericola DAOM 242436 R. cylindrospora CBS 275.58T R. cylindrospora CBS 432.62 R. byssochlamydoides CBS 413.71T R. byssochlamydoides CBS 533.71 100 [JF417478] [JF417480] R. emersonii CBS 393.64T R. emersonii CBS 397.64 [ JF970184] 100 [JQ178360] R. composticola CGMCC 3.13669T R. composticola CGMCC 3.14946 [JF417486] Trichocoma paradoxa CBS 103.73 0.05 Colour illustrations. USA; 7-d-old cultures of Rasamsonia columbiensis on CYA (25 °C - top) and MEA (25 °C - middle and 41 °C - bottom), conidiophores and conidia on MEA. Scale bars = 10 µm. Željko Jurjević, EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077, USA; e-mail: zjurjevic@emsl.com Vit Hubka, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic; e-mail: hubka@biomed.cas.cz Stephen W. Peterson, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA; e-mail: stephen.peterson@ars.usda.gov © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 406 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Microascus longicollis 407 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 444 – 4 July 2016 Microascus longicollis Hubka, Lysková, Cmokova & M. Kolařík, sp. nov. Etymology. Refers to the long annellate zone. Classiﬁcation — Microascaceae, Microascales, Sordario mycetes. Ascomata immersed, less commonly superﬁcial, predominantly formed in the colony centre, globose or subglobose, (60–)80– 230 μm diam, without ostiolar neck, black, glabrous, ripening after 2–3 weeks of cultivation on OA, ascomata are absent or develop tardily on other media (3–6 weeks on MEA and PDA), peridium with a textura angularis. Asci globose, subglobose, ellipsoidal or pyriform, 10–15(–17.5) × 9–13.5 μm. Ascospores lemon-shaped, pale brown, 4.5–5.5 × 3–4 μm. Conidiophores represented by individual conidiogenous cells (annellides) on the hyphae, sometimes supported by a basal cell of 3.5–5 × 2 – 3 μm, bearing 1– 4 annellides. Annellides with a swollen base, 4.5–7(–9) × 2.5–3.5(–4.5) μm, tapering to a cylindrical annellated zone, up to 30 μm long and 1.5–2.5 μm wide. Conidia 1-celled, thick-walled, hyaline to pale brown, brown in mass, ovate, pyriform or ellipsoidal, with a rounded or pointed apex and truncate base, smooth, 3.5–5(–6) × 2.5–3.5 μm. Chlamydospores globose to ellipsoidal, 5 –10 × 5–6.5 μm. Culture characteristics — (in the dark, 25 °C after 14 d): Colonies on OA attained 25–27 mm diam, flat, predominantly submerged, greyish brown in the centre (ISCC-NBS No. 61) due to production of black ascomata, reverse greyish brown (No. 61) in the colony centre. Colonies on PCA attained 24–28 mm diam, flat, predominantly submerged except of granular central part, dark greyish yellow (No. 91) to pale yellowish green (No. 121), reverse pale yellowish green (No. 121) to greyish yellowish green (No. 122) in the colony centre. Colonies on PDA attained 23–27 mm diam, downy, centrally raised, slightly radially furrowed, surrounded by 5 mm broad submerged zone, light greyish olive (No. 109) to greyish yellowish green (No. 122), reverse light greyish olive. Colonies on MEA attained 14–24 mm diam, downy, centrally raised, radially furrowed, light greyish olive (No. 109) to greyish yellowish green (No. 122), surrounded by 5 mm broad submerged zone, reverse dark greyish yellow (No. 91) to greyish brown (No. 61). Colonies on MEA after 7 d at 37 °C and 40 °C attained 12–15 and 4–6 mm diam, respectively. Microascus longicollis was associated with a case of suspected onychomycosis of the great toenail of a 48-yr-old female living in the Czech Republic. The fungus was isolated in pure culture from the nail scrapings collected during the ﬁrst visit and the direct microscopic examination was positive for hyphae. The etiological signiﬁcance of the isolate could not be conﬁrmed because the second mycological examination (negative) was performed several months after initiation of the treatment at the time of signiﬁcant clinical improvement (naftiﬁne hydrochloride: 2 mo, without effect; changed to cyclopirox olamine: effective). Repeated isolation of the same non-dermatophyte fungus in pure culture is required for conﬁrmation of its etiological role (Summerbell et al. 2005). Colour illustrations. Czech Republic, toenail with suspected onychomycosis; Colonies, top to bottom: 21-d-old colonies of Microascus longicollis growing on OA, MEA and PDA at 25 °C; micromorphology, left to right: annellides, conidia (top row), ascospores (bottom row), ascomata, asci. Scale bars = 10 µm, scale bar of the subﬁgure with ascomata = 100 µm. M. paisii CBS 213.27T M. croci CBS 158.44T M. hyalinus CBS 766.70T M. expansus CBS 138127T M. murinus CBS 830.70T 99 100 M. trigonosporus CBS 218.31T M. macrosporus CBS 662.71T M. pyramidus CBS 212.65T 86 M. restrictus CBS 138277T M. verrucosus CBS 138278T M. chartarus CBS 294.52T M. cinereus CBS 138709T M. terreus CBS 601.67T M. cirrosus CBS 217.31T M. gracilis CBS 369.70T M. alveolaris CBS 139501T M. senegalensis CBS 277.74T [LT548287] M. longicollis CBS 141177T sp. nov. 100 99 94 M. chinensis CBS 139628T M. chinensis BMU01895 99 Typus. czech rePublic, Prague, ex toenails of 48-yr-old female with suspected onychomycosis, 20 Dec. 2013, P. Lysková (holotype PRM 935209, isotype PRM 935210, culture ex-type CCF 5317 = CBS 141177; ITS and LSU sequence GenBank LT548275, β-tubulin sequence GenBank LT548282, TEF1-α sequence GenBank LT548287, MycoBank MB816867). Notes — The ability of this species to grow at 40 °C, ascomata without ostiolar neck, lemon-shaped ascospores and annellides with annellate zone up to 30 μm long make M. longicollis well distinguishable from all species accepted to date (SandovalDenis et al. 2016, Jagielski et al. 2016). M. campaniformis CBS 138126T 92 93 100 99 100 M. brunneosporus CBS 138276T M. onychoides CBS 139629T M. onychoides BMU03909 M. intricatus CBS 138128T M. intricatus FMR 12362 M. pseudolongirostris CBS 462.97T M. longirostris CBS 196.61T 100 Chaetomium madrasense CBS 113.83 Chaetomium cuniculorum CBS 121.57 0.02 Best scoring maximum likelihood tree (GTR+G+I substitution model) based on sequences of the TEF1-α showing the relationship of M. longicollis to other Microascus species. The tree was constructed with IQ-TREE v. 1.4.0 (Nguyen et al. 2015). Dataset contained 30 taxa and a total of 812 characters of which 226 were variable and 166 parsimony-informative. Support values at branches were obtained from 1 000 bootstrap replicates. Only bootstrap support ≥ 70 % are shown on the branches; ex-type strains are designated by a superscript T. Vit Hubka & Adéla Čmoková, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic; e-mail: hubka@biomed.cas.cz & cmokova@gmail.com Pavlína Lysková, Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Mycobacteriology Prague, Public Health Institute in Usti nad Labem, Sokolovská 60, 186 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic; e-mail: Pavlina.Lyskova@zuusti.cz Miroslav Kolařík, Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the AS CR, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; e-mail: mkolarik@biomed.cas.cz © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 408 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Paecilomyces tabacinus 409 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 445 – 4 July 2016 Paecilomyces tabacinus Jurjević, Hubka & S.W. Peterson, sp. nov. Etymology. Named after the host from which it was isolated, Tobacco. soluble pigments absent, reverse Isabella colour to brownish olive (R30). Colonies on Czapek yeast agar with 20 % sucrose (CY20S) 9–11 mm diam, sporulation very poor, mycelium white, submerged, reverse uncoloured. Colonies on Dichloran glycerol agar (DG18) 8–10 mm diam, sporulation very poor, mycelium white, submerged, reverse uncoloured. No growth on CYA with 5 % NaCl. Colonies on Oatmeal agar (OA) 37–39 mm diam, colony texture floccose, mycelium white, sporulation very good, conidia en masse light-buff to warm-buff (R15), exudate absent, soluble pigments absent. Colonies on creatine sucrose agar (CREA) 40–42 mm diam, poor to moderate growth, no acid production, mycelium white, colony texture floccose to submerged into the agar, sporulation poor to good. On MEA (colony diam in mm) at 30 °C > 90; 35 °C > 90; 37 °C 68–71; 41 °C 18–19; no growth at 45 °C. Classiﬁcation — Thermoascaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomy cetes. On MEA: Stipes short, smooth, rarely ﬁnely roughened, 5–30(–50) × (2.5–)3–4(–4.5) μm diam; branches irregularly verticillate; phialides 2–5 per branch, cylindrical, 9–14(–28) × 2.5–3.5(–5) μm diam, tapering abruptly toward a long cylindrical collula, up to 7 μm long and 1–2 μm diam, occasionally ﬁnely roughened, solitary phialides common, often forming directly on hyphae; conidia ellipsoidal, fusiform, pyriform (tear-shaped), rarely subglobose (small conidia), (2.5–)3–7(–11) × 2.5–7 μm diam, large pyriform conidia are with broad attachment point up to 3 μm diam, chlamydospores thick walled, abundant, single or in bunch of grapes, yellow-ochre to Dresden-brown (R15; Ridgway 1912), globose to subglobose, occasionally nearly pyriform, ﬁnely roughened in early stages, later becoming very rough to spiny, (4–)5–8(–10) μm diam. No sexual morph observed after prolonged cultivation (4 wk) on media listed below. Culture characteristics — (in darkness, 25 °C after 7 d): Colonies on malt extract agar (MEA) 74–88 mm diam, colony texture floccose, mycelium white to sayal-brown (R29), sporulation very good, conidia en masse light-buff to warm-buff (R15), exudate absent, soluble pigments absent, reverse buckthorn-brown to Dresden-brown (R15). Colonies on Czapek yeast autolysate agar (CYA) 38–40 mm diam, colony texture floccose, mycelium white, sporulation good, conidia en masse light buff to antimony-yellow (R15), exudate absent, soluble pigments absent, reverse light buff to antimony-yellow (R15). Colonies on potato dextrose agar (PDA) 75–78 mm diam, colony texture floccose, mycelium white to sayal-brown (R29), sporulation very good, conidia en masse light-buff to warm-buff (R15), exudate absent, Typus. usa, North Carolina, Durham, tobacco leaves, greenhouse, 5 June 2015, Ž. Jurjević (holotype BPI 910044, cultures ex-type CBS 141098 = CCF 5290, ITS and LSU sequence GenBank LT548280, β-tubulin sequence GenBank LT548286, calmodulin sequence GenBank LT548288, MycoBank MB816870). Notes — BLAST searches of the sequences of P. tabacinus showed highest degree of similarity with Byssochlamys zoller niae CBS 374.70 T: ITS 97 %, β-tubulin 94 %, calmodulin 95 %. Another strain with an identical ITS sequence (GenBank GU934506) originated from roots of Salix, Canada (Corredor et al. 2012). Paecilomyces tabacinus is distinguished by production of ellipsoidal or fusiform conidia and numerous coarsely roughened chlamydospores (smooth, ﬁnely roughened or absent in the majority of species). Closely related B. zollerniae also produces warted chlamydospores but can be differentiated by the production of sexual state in culture and by having smaller conidia. Best scoring maximum likelihood tree (T92+G substitution model) based on sequences of the ITS rDNA region showing relationship of P. tabacinus to Paecilomyces and Byssochlamys species belonging to Eurotiales (Samson et al. 2009). The tree was constructed with IQ-TREE v. 1.4.0 (Nguyen et al. 2015). Dataset contained 19 taxa and a total of 588 characters with 138 characters variable and 79 parsimony-informative. Support values at branches were obtained from 1 000 bootstrap replicates. Only bootstrap support ≥ 70 % are shown on the branches; ex-type strains are designated by a superscript T. FJ389947 87 FJ389944 CBS 373.70T CBS 696.95 FJ389934 CBS 100.11T 97 FJ389936 94 FJ389943 CBS 146.48T B. fulva CBS 135.62 B. zollerniae CBS 374.70T GU934506 99 99 LT548280 93 83 EU037050 P. brunneolus CBS 370.70T EU037055 CBS 102.74T FJ389930 CBS 338.51 CBS 284.48T CBS 110429 FJ389924 P. tabacinus sp. nov. P. formosus CBS 990.73BT 99 FJ389931 OTU960 CBS 141098T FJ389929 99 96 FJ389932 Byssochlamys lagunculariae B. nivea CBS 113245 FJ389933 84 Paecilomyces dactylethromorphus CBS 251.55 79 FJ389945 72 CBS 323.34T FJ389951 P. variotii P. divaricatus B. verrucosa CBS 605.74T (Thermoascus clade) !""#$%&' Sclerocleista ornata NRRL 2291 0.02 Colour illustrations. Tobacco plant; 7-d-old cultures of Paecilomyces tabacinus on MEA (25 °C - top, 37 °C - middle, 41 °C - bottom), chlamydospores, conidia and conidiophores on MEA. Scale bars = 10 µm. Željko Jurjević, EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077, USA; e-mail: zjurjevic@emsl.com Vit Hubka, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic; e-mail: hubka@biomed.cas.cz Stephen W. Peterson, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA; e-mail: stephen.peterson@ars.usda.gov © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 410 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Chrysosporium echinulatum 411 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 446 – 4 July 2016 Chrysosporium echinulatum Hubka, Mallátová, Cmokova & M. Kolařík, sp. nov. Etymology. Refers to the surface ornamentation of conidia. Classiﬁcation — Onygenaceae, Onygenales, Eurotiomy cetes. Hyphae hyaline, septate, smooth-walled, 1.5 – 5 μm wide, straight, sparsely branched. Conidia hyaline, yellowish in mass, terminal and lateral conidia sessile or on short right-angled side protrusions (occasionally swollen) of variable length, solitary or in chains, initially smooth-walled, nearly all becoming echinulate at maturity, obovoid to clavate, 1-celled, 4.5–7 × 2.5–4 µm. Intercalary conidia solitary or in short chains, smooth-walled, barrel-shaped to ellipsoid. Chlamydospores absent. Racquet hyphae present. Sexual morph not observed. Culture characteristics — (in the dark, 25 °C after 14 d): Colonies on potato dextrose agar (PDA) attained 28–45 mm diam, floccose, flat or with slightly elevated centre, white with light yellow (NBS-ISCC No. 86) to pale orange yellow (No. 73) colony centre, reverse moderate orange yellow (No. 71). Colonies on malt extract agar (MEA) attained 33–36 mm diam, morphology similar to PDA with more pronounced submerged growth at the colony margins. Colonies on phytone yeast extract agar (PYE) attained 28–37 mm diam, morphology similar to PDA. Colonies on oatmeal agar (OA) attained 35–45 mm diam, flat, downy, pale yellowish pink (No. 31), reverse uncoloured. No growth at 35 °C. Notes — BLAST analysis with the ITS rDNA region sequence gave closest hits to C. pannicola CBS 116.63 (98 %, 526/539 bp, GenBank AJ005368), C. fluviale IMI 378764 T (92 %, 498/540 bp, GenBank AJ005367) and C. minutisporosum CBS 101577 T (91 %, 468/515 bp, GenBank AJ131689). LSU rDNA showed 99 % similarity (548/555 bp) to Aphanoascus durus CBS 118.85 (GenBank AB075345) and A. terreus CBS 342.64 T (556/564 bp, GenBank KC989709); other species showed 95 % or lower similarity. Chrysosporium echinulatum resembles C. pannicola (= C. evol ceanni ) and can be distinguished by the inability to grow at 35 °C and smaller conidia. Chrysosporium echinulatum was associated with a case of suspected tinea pedis in a 35-yr-old woman living in the Czech Republic. The fungus was isolated in pure culture from the skin scales collected during the ﬁrst visit and the direct microscopic examination was positive for hyphae. The mycological examination was not repeated and the etiological signiﬁcance of the fungus is unclear. We believe that the infection was in fact caused by a dermatophyte, which was not isolated or overgrown by the Chrysosporium isolate. Typus. czech rePublic, České Budějovice, ex skin scales from the sole of the foot of a 35-yr-old woman, 21 Aug. 2012, N. Mallátová (holotype PRM 935095, isotype PRM 935096, culture ex-type CCF 4652 = UAMH 11824 = CBS 141178; ITS and LSU sequence GenBank LT548276, MycoBank MB816868). Colour illustrations. Czech Republic; sole of the foot with suspected tinea pedis. Micromorphology: left to right: conidia sessile or on the short side protrusions of the hyphae, conidia sometimes forming short chains, conidia smooth when young, later echinulate. Macromorphology: colony after 14 d on PDA (28 mm diam). Scale bars = 10 µm. Vit Hubka & Adéla Čmoková, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic; e-mail: hubka@biomed.cas.cz & cmokova@gmail.com Naďa Mallátová, Laboratory of Mycology and Parasitology, Hospital České Budějovice, B. Němcové 585/54, 370 01 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; e-mail: mallatova@nemcb.cz Miroslav Kolařík, Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the AS CR, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; e-mail: mkolarik@biomed.cas.cz © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 412 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Scleroderma capeverdeanum 413 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 447 – 4 July 2016 Scleroderma capeverdeanum M.P. Martín, M. Dueñas & Telleria, sp. nov. Etymology. The name refers to the country where the holotype was collected. Classiﬁcation — Sclerodermataceae, Boletales, Agaricomy cetes. Macroscopic characteristics — Basidiomes epigeous, depressed globose to subglobose, 0.8–20 mm diam, sessile (all the sizes from dry specimens); the base attached to the substrate by a tuft of mycelium and rhizomorphs. Peridium thin (up to 1 mm thick), 2-layered: external layer pale yellowish to yellowish brown (colour 250; Séguy 1936) covered by dark brown scales (colour 701), very thin in young specimens, leaving the surface ﬁnely areolated; internal layer whitish. Dehiscence by an irregular and lacerate apical pore. Gleba compact when young, becoming powdery when old, blue greyish (colour 493) to grey-violet (colour 660). Microscopic characteristics — Basidiospores globose, 8.5– 9.5(–10.5) μm diam, including ornamentation, densely echinulate (ornamentation 0.5–1 μm high), dark brown in 5 % KOH. Outer layer of peridium composed of interwoven hyphae, hyaline to yellowish, 3.5–4 μm diam; the inner layer composed of interwoven hyphae, hyaline, 3–5 μm diam, with clamp-connections. Notes — Mature basidiomes of Scleroderma capeverde anum show a peridium with brown squamules, similar to Scle roderma verrucosum, a species widely distributed in Azores, Canaria Islands, Madeira and Morocco (Kreisel 2001), also with echinulate spores; however, in young specimens, the peridium is ﬁnely areolated as in Scleroderma bovista, but this species has reticulate spores. Specimens of S. capeverdeanum were found in the same locality as collection MA-Fungi 87407 of Scleroderma bovista, as indicated in the additional material examined. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using ITS sequences of S. capeverdeanum were two sequences of Chinese specimens collected under Eucalyptus grandis (GenBank HM237173 and HM237174), and misidentiﬁed as S. polyrhizum and S. auran tium, respectively. In the ITS analyses S. capeverdeanum cluster with these two sequences from China, as a sister group of S. dunensis, a new species described from Brazil (this issue). Until now, no species of Scleroderma were reported from Cape Verde. 97 Typus. caPe Verde, Santiago Island, Parque Natural Serra de Malagueta, Concejo Sta. Catarina, alt. 907 m, N15°10'28" W28°40'37", on a slope under Furcraea foetida and Lantana camara, 20 Sept. 2010, M.P. Martín MPM3238 (holotype MA-Fungi 87406, ITS sequence GenBank KU747111, LSU sequence GenBank KU747110, MycoBank MB816518). 72 100 100 Additional material examined of Scleroderma bovista. caPe Verde, Santiago Island, Parque Natural Serra de Malagueta, Concejo Sta. Catarina, alt. 914 m, N15°10'28" W28°40'37", on a slope, 20 Sept. 2010, M.P. Martín MPM3241 (MA-Fungi 87407, ITS sequence GenBank KX017590). 100 S. dunensis sp. nov. 63 100 S. capeverdeanum sp. nov. 100 100 91 50 98 94 100 Strict consensus tree of 100 equally most parsimonious trees was obtained after heuristic search (PAUP v. 4.0a147) of ITS nrDNA sequences. The two new Scleroderma species described in this issue are marked with rectangles: S. cape verdeanum and S. dunensis (see Fungal Planet 448). New sequences of S. bovista from Cape Verde, and S. nitidium from Brazil are marked in bold. The accession number from EMBL/ GenBank or UNITE databases are indicated. Bootstrap values greater than 50 % are indicated on the branches. As in our preliminary studies (Phosri et al. 2009, Rusevska et al. 2014), Pisolithus arhizus was included as outgroup. 94 81 88 96 60 100 100 100 80 HF933235, Macedonia HF933240, Macedonia HF933234, Macedonia HF933236, Macedonia FM213340, Spain FM213341, Hungary MPM3241, Cape Verde S. bovista HF933242, Serbia EU784409, UK AB211267, Japan GQ267487, New Zealand EU819517, USA AB099901, Japan S. suthepense JX205215, Thailand FM213339, USA FM213338, USA EU718121 S. septentrionale FM213337, USA FM213342, USA AY935514, Spain HF933239, Macedonia S. meridionale HF933238 , Macedonia UFRN-Fungos 1361, Brazil UFRN-Fungos 1359, Brazil UFRN-Fungos 2553, Brazil UFRN-Fungos 2549, Brazil UFRN-Fungos 2033, Brazil UFRN-Fungos 2035, Brazil UFRN-Fungos 2501, Brazil UFRN-Fungos 2206, Brazil UFRN-Fungos 2249, Brazil UFRN-Fungos 2551, Brazil HM237173, China (S. polyrhizum) HM237174, China (S. aurantiacum) MA-Fungi 87406, Cape Verde JQ639040, China JQ639041, China JQ639042, China JQ639043, China S. yunnanense JQ639043, China JQ639045, China JQ639046, China HQ688789, Argentina S. patagonicum HQ688788, Argentina FM213336, Sweden (S. septentrionale) FM213333, UK FM213334, UK FM213335, UK GQ166907, USA EU784413, UK S. citrinum EU784414, UK FJ824090, USA FM213345, USA FM213344, USA EU819439, USA EU819441, USA S. michiganense FM213346, USA FM213347, USA FM213348, USA UFRN-Fungos 2034, Brazil UFRN-Fungos 2219, Brazil UFRN-Fungos 1759, Brazil S. nitidum UFRN-Fungos 2550, Brazil UFRN-Fungos 2500, Brazil EU784412, UK FM213354, Spain HF93323, Macedonia HF933232, Macedonia AJ629886, Spain S. verrucosum HF933241, Macedonia HF933233, Macedonia EU784415, UK EU718117 FM213355, USA FM213343, Thailand S. cepa DQ453694, USA FM213353, USA FM213352, USA EU819438, USA S. areolatum GQ166910, USA FM213351, USA HF933231, Macedonia KJ740390, Nepal S. nastii FJ840461, Burkina Faso (S. verrucosum) FM213350, USA S. polyrhizum FM213349, USA S. bermudense EU718118 FJ840449, Burkina Faso S. dictyosporum FJ840443, Burkina Faso FM213364, Thailand FM213363, Thailand FM213362, Thailand FM213361, Thailand S. sinnamariense FM213360, Thailand FM213359, Thailand FM213358, Thailand FM213357, Thailand HQ687222, Thailand FM213356, Thailand EU718126 S. xanthochroum FM213365, Pisolithus arhizus Colour illustrations. Cape Verde, Parque Natural Serra de Malagueta, where the species was collected (M.T. Telleria); basidiome (holotype MAFungi 87406), echinulate spores (holotype MA-Fungi 87406). Scale bars: basidiomata = 0.5 cm; spores = 1 µm. María P. Martín, Margarita Dueñas & M. Teresa Telleria, Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es, mduenas@rjb.csic.es & telleria@rjb.csic.es © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 414 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Scleroderma dunensis Fungal Planet description sheets 415 Fungal Planet 448 – 4 July 2016 Scleroderma dunensis B.D.B. Silva, Sulzbacher, Grebenc, Baseia & M.P. Martín, sp. nov. Etymology. The name refers to the type locality, Parque Estadual Dunas do Natal. Classiﬁcation — Sclerodermataceae, Boletales, Agaricomy cetes. Macroscopic characteristics — Basidiomes epigeous, depressed subglobose to subglobose, 12–17 mm diam, sessile or shortly pseudostipitate, up to 2 mm (all the sizes from dry specimens), the base attached to the substrate by a tuft of mycelium and rhizomorphs. Peridium composed of two layers, thin, up to 2 mm thick, pale yellowish to yellowish brown (colour 4A2, 4B4; Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), surface partially smooth towards the base and covered by small and thin scales on top, dark brown (colour 5D4, 5E4). Dehiscence by an irregular and lacerate apical pore. Gleba compact when young, becoming powdery when old, greyish (colour 5E4) to brownish (colour KW5C4). Microscopic characteristics — Basidiospores globose to subglobose, 8.3 –10.7 × 8.0 –10.8 μm diam, including ornamentation, echinulate, composed by dense narrow pyramidal warts, 0.9–1.3 μm high, dark brown in 5 % KOH. Outer layer of peridium composed of interwoven hyphae, hyaline to yellowish, 2.5–4.0(–5.0) μm diam; the inner layer composed of interwoven hyphae, hyaline, 3.0 –5.5 μm diam, with clamp-connections. Typus. brazil, Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Parque Estadual Dunas do Natal, alt. 73 m, S06°22'47" W35°01'40", on soil close to Coccoloba sp., 14 May 2010, B.D.B. Silva & A.G. Leite (holotype UFRN-Fungos 2033, isotype MA-Fungi 47736, ITS sequence GenBank KU747112, LSU sequence GenBank KU747105, MycoBank MB814792). Additional material examined. brazil, Rio Grande do Norte, Baia Formosa, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Mata Estrela, alt. 52 m, S06°22'79" W35°01'23" on soil close to Coccoloba sp., 12 June 2010, B.D.B. Silva et al. (UFRN-Fungos 1359, ITS sequence GenBank KU747113, LSU sequence GenBank KU747106); ibid., (UFRN-Fungos 1361, ITS sequence GenBank KU747114, LSU sequence GenBank KU747107); ibid., 19 June 2010, B.D.B. Silva et al. (UFRN-Fungos 2035, ITS sequence GenBank KU747117); ibid., (UFRN-Fungos 2549, ITS sequence GenBank KU747115, LSU sequence GenBank KU747108); ibid., 14 July 2010, B.D.B. Silva et al. (UFRN-Fungos 2553, ITS sequence GenBank KU747118); Natal, Parque Estadual Dunas do Natal, alt. 73 m, S06°22'47" W35°01'40" on soil close to Coccoloba sp., 9 July 2013, M.A. Sulzbacher, T. Grebenc (UFRN-Fungos 2501, ITS sequence GenBank KU747119); ibid., (UFRN-Fungos 2499, ITS sequence GenBank KU747120); Paraíba, Reserva Biológica Guaribas, alt. 198 m, S06°44'50" W35°08'40" on soil close to Coccoloba sp., 27 July 2012, B.D.B. Silva et al. (UFRN-Fungos 2551, ITS sequence GenBank KU747116, LSU sequence GenBank KU747109); ibid., 30 June 2013, M.A. Sulzbacher (UFRN-Fungos 2206, ITS sequence GenBank KU747121). Additional material examined of Scleroderma nitidum. brazil, Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Parque Estadual Dunas do Natal, alt. 73 m, S06°22'47" W35°01'40" on sandy soil, 16 June 2010, B.D.B. Silva, D.S. Alfredo, I.G. Baseia (UFRN-Fungos 2034, ITS sequence GenBank KU759904, LSU sequence GenBank KU759903); ibid., 14 May 2010, B.D.B. Silva, A.G. Leite (UFRN-Fungos 2550, ITS sequence GenBank KU759906, LSU sequence GenBank KU759905); ibid., 24 June 2013, M.A. Sulzbacher (UFRN-Fungos 2219, ITS sequence GenBank KU759908); ibid., 9 July 2013, M.A. Sulzbach er, T. Grebenc (UFRN-Fungos 2500, ITS sequence GenBank KU759909); Paraiba, João Pessoa, Campus universitário da Paraíba, 13 July 2012, M.A. Sulzbacher ECM-Sulzbacher-400 (UFRN-Fungos 1759, ITS sequence GenBank KU759907). Notes — Scleroderma dunensis is one of the most common species occurring on sand dunes from the Parque Estadual Dunas do Natal, growing usually close to Coccoloba spp. Several previous reports for this locality consider this species to be S. nitidum (Gurgel et al. 2008, Sulzbacher et al. 2013). Scleroderma dunensis resembles S. areolatum, S. nitidum and S. verrucosum, mainly by echinulate basidiospores and peridium opening by irregular dehiscence, differing fundamentally by larger basidiomes and spores in S. areolatum (15–30 mm diam; 10–15 μm), S. nitidum (20–25 mm diam; 7–11 μm) and S. verrucosum (25–30 mm diam; 9–12 μm) (Guzmán et al. 2013). However, the ITS nrDNA and LSU sequences of S. dunensis show greater similarity with a species from Cape Verde (see tree ﬁgure in Scleroderma capeverdeanum (= Fungal Planet 447)) instead of S. areolatum, S. nitidum or S. verru cosum. Colour illustrations. Brazil, Parque Estadual Dunas do Natal, Coccoloba sp. growing next to the locality where the type species was collected; a. peridium (holotype UFRN-Fungos 2033), details of the scales on top; b. basidiome (UFRN-Fungos 2033); c. cross section showing gleba (UFRNFungos 2033); d. echinulate spores (UFRN-Fungos 2035). Scale bars: a = 1 mm; b–c = 2 mm; d = 2 µm. Bianca D.B. Silva & Iuri G. Baseia, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; e-mail: biancadeni@yahoo.com.br & iuri.baseia@gmail.com Marcelo A. Sulzbacher, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CCR, Campus Universitário, 971050-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; e-mail: marcelo_sulzbacher@yahoo.com.br Tine Grebenc, Slovenian Forestry Institute Vecna pot 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia; e-mail: tine.grebenc@gozdis.si María P. Martín, Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 416 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Ganoderma mbrekobenum 417 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 449 – 4 July 2016 Ganoderma mbrekobenum E.C. Otto, Blanchette, Held, C.W. Barnes & Obodai, sp. nov. Etymology. Named after the Ghanaian Twi word ‘mbrekoben’, which translates to reddish brown mushroom. Classiﬁcation — Ganodermataceae, Polyporales, Agarico mycetes. Mature basidiomata annual, pileate, stipitate, dimidiate, applanate, woody to corky when dried, homogenous context structure, pileus maroon to liver brown when dry, surface hard and glabrous, margin rounded, thickened, maroon to liver brown when dry. Stipe substibe (> 5 cm), lateral, columnar, with one solitary column, maroon; borders with hymenophore thickened. Pore surface smooth, creamy to snuff brown when dry, pores 4–6 per mm, round to somewhat irregular and slightly elongated, 105–247 × 76–207 µm (av. 167.2 × 123.8 µm; SD 32, 26; n = 100), dissepiments 44–152 µm (av. 83.6 µm; SD 23; n = 100); tubes 0.1–0.7 mm long, dark brown. Hyphal system dimitic; generative hyphae slightly inconspicuous, branched, thin-walled and hyaline; skeletal hyphae most prevalent in the basidiocarp, occasionally branched, pale to dark brown, 2.5–7 µm thick, tapering towards the end. Basidia not observed. Basidiospores brown, ovoid to broadly ellipsoid with a truncate base, bitunicate, verruculose, 8–11.5 × 6–8 µm (av. 10.4 × 7.1 µm; SD 0.7, 0.4; n = 100), perisporium thin, smooth; exosporium with intermediate thick inter-walled pillars; endosporium thick, dark brown. Chlamydospores not observed. Culture characteristics — No live culture obtained. Notes — Ganoderma mbrekobenum causes decay in the roots and trunks of angiosperm trees in the southern regions of Ghana. Sequences were downloaded from GenBank for phylogenetic analysis with G. mbrekobenum sequences using the program Geneious R9 (http://www.geneious.com, Kearse et al. 2012). The complete ITS sequence of the G. mbrekobenum holotype was used for the Blastn search. The results gave the highest score to an isolate Ganoderma sp. (EGDA, GenBank LN774971) from Egypt, with a single nucleotide difference. The next 14 Blastn hits were to Ganoderma sp. sequences from a single institution in India. The analysis included only the top three of these sequences, having four to six differences from the G. mbrekobenum holotype. A few isolated sequences with various Ganoderma species names had relatively high Blastn scores, but were excluded from the analysis because they did not align with their respective species and are likely G. mbre kobenum, or closely related. The closest legitimate Ganoderma species were G. applanatum and G. fornicatum, both with 94 % identity. Additional sequences of other recently described Ganoderma species from Africa (Coetzee et al. 2015, Crous et al. 2015b) were included in the analysis. The ﬁnal alignment was edited by hand for alignment errors. Typus. Ghana, Brong Ahafo and Greater Accra Regions, on angiosperms, June 2015, M. Obodai (holotype MIN 850481, paratype MIN 850482, holotype ITS sequence GenBank KX000896, LSU sequence GenBank KX000897; paratype ITS sequence GenBank KX000898, LSU sequence GenBank KX000899, holotype MycoBank MB816172). The phylogenetic tree with G. mbrekobenum was constructed using the Maximum Likelihood plugin PHYML in Geneious R9 (http://www.geneious.com, Kearse et al. 2012), and the substitution model determined by jModelTest (Posada 2008) according to Corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc). Gano derma enigmatica (GenBank KR183855 and KR150678) is the outgroup. Bootstrap support values ≥ 50 % are given above branches. The phylogenetic position of G. mbrekobenum is indicated in bold. The Ganoderma species is followed by the sample ID and the three letter United Nations country code, in order of appearance ZAF: South Africa, GHA: Ghana, EGY: Egypt, IND: India, MYS: Malaysia, CHN: China, USA: United States. Colour illustrations. Ghana, Brong Ahafo Region, native tree species along the road of the Ayum forest (background); basidiocarp in the ﬁeld with basidiospores covering the pileus, basidiocarp in lab with basidiospores cleaned off; skeletal hyphae, basidiospores by light microscopy and SEM. Scale bars = 3 cm (basidiocarps), 10 µm (microscopic structures). Eric C. Otto, Robert A. Blanchette & Benjamin W. Held, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, 495 Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; e-mail: ottox136@umn.edu, robertb@umn.edu & bheld@umn.edu Charles W. Barnes, Departamento Nacional de Protección Vegetal, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Panamericana Sur Km. 1 vía Tambillo, Cantón Mejía, Provincia de Pichincha, Quito, Ecuador; e-mail: cbarnes333b@gmail.com Mary Obodai, CSIR-Food Research Institute, P.O. Box M20, Accra, Ghana; obodaime@yahoo.com © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 418 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Geoglossum raitviirii 419 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 450 – 4 July 2016 Geoglossum raitviirii Fedosova & E.S. Popov, sp. nov. Etymology. Named after the Estonian mycologist Ain Raitviir, in recognition of his contribution to the study of the Geoglossaceae from the Russian Far East. Classiﬁcation — Geoglossaceae, Geoglossales, Geoglosso mycetes. Ascocarps scattered to gregarious, clavate, stipitate, 2.2–4.5 cm tall, dark brown. Ascigerous part clavate, broadly clavate, 1/4–1/2 of the total ascocarp length, 0.5–1.8 cm long, black to dark brown, darker than the stipe, compressed, dumbbellshaped or oval in cross section, sharply delimited from the stipe in fresh condition, in herbarium material smooth, ceraceouspubescent due to prominent paraphyses tips extending from the hymenium. Stipe terete, compressed, brown, in fresh conditions lighter than the ascigerous part, dark brown and concolorous in herbarium material, rough, squamous. Asci clavate to broadly clavate, (161.5–)172.5–176.5(–191.5) × (21–)24.5–26.5(–31) μm (measured in KOH), Q = (5.5–)6.5–7(–8), 8-spored, with euamyloid apical ring and inamyloid wall in MLZ and IKI. Asco spores elongate-clavate, subfusiform to fusiform, narrowed to basal end, sometimes slightly curved, (49–)76.5–81.5(–93.5) × (5.5 –) 6 – 6.5(– 9.5) μm (in KOH), Q = (7.5 –)12.5(–15), brown, sometimes hyaline with pigmented septae and poles, predominantly 7-septate, rarely with 3–6(–11) septa, with one or several large oil drops in each cell. Paraphyses straight, sometimes branched, sparsely or moderately septate, nonagglutinated, (2–)3(–5) μm diam, apically straight, declinate, circinate or coiled, pale brown. Apical cells of paraphyses swollen at tips, pyriform, globose, hockey stick-like, hook-like, cylindrical, sometimes proliferating, (12.5–)32.5–38.5(–97) × (4.5–)8.5–9.5(–13.5) μm, pale brown, incrusted. Hyphae of the stipe surface straight, moderately septate, formed by chains of several pale brown cells, apical cells clavate. Habit, Habitat & Distribution — In small groups on soil in broadleaf forests. The species is known only from two localities in Primorye, Russia. spores, and long, swollen apical cells of the paraphyses. Among other species of Geoglossum with 7-septate ascospores it is most similar to G. chamaecyparinum, G. variabilisporum, and G. lineare. Geoglossum chamaecyparinum (Arauzo & Iglesias 2014) shares similar morphology with G. raitviirii, but differs in more narrow and long asci ((164.5 –)181.5 –196(– 217) × (16–)19.5–23(–25.5) μm) and more narrow ascospores ((50–) 72–82(–90) × (5–)6(–6.5) μm). Geoglossum variabilisporum can be recognised by smaller ascocarps (0.6–1.9 cm), narrower and shorter asci ((124 –)145.5 –169(–187) × (15.5 –)18.5 – 21(–24) μm) and by presence of the considerable number of ascospores with more than 7 septa (Arauzo & Iglesias 2014). Geoglossum chamaecyparinum and G. variabilisporum are known from Spain, where they were found on sandy soil under Chamaecyparis lawsoniana. Geoglossum lineare described from pasture land in Sweden can be separated from G. raitviirii by the smooth viscid stipe of ascocarps, stout straight paraphyses, smaller asci (140–155 × 13–16 μm) and 3–7-septate ascospores (45 –65 × 4.5–5.5 μm) (Hakelier 1967). Typus. russia, Primorsky Kray, Terneysky District, Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve, right side of the Zabolochennaya River, the road from Maysa ranger station to Ust-Shanduy ranger station, N45°14'19" E136°30'40", broadleaf forest (with Quercus mongolica, Tilia sp., Acer mono, Aralia elata, Betula sp., Eleutherococcus senticosus, Corylus mandshurica), on sandy soil, 22 Aug. 2013, A. Fedosova (holotype LE303983, ITS sequence GenBank KT936308, LSU sequence GenBank KU986891, MycoBank MB814833). Additional specimen examined. russia, Primorsky Kray, Khasansky District, Kedrovaya Pad Nature Reserve, valley of the Kedrovaya River, vicinity of the main reserve station, broadleaf forest, on soil along a brook, 19 Aug. 2005, E. Popov (LE291814, ITS sequence GenBank KT936309). Notes — Geoglossum raitviirii is characterised by medium sized brown ascocarps with squamous or granulose stipes, which are normally lighter than the ascigerous part, relatively short and broad, 8-spored asci, predominantly 7-septate asco- Colour illustrations. Primorsky Kray, Terneysky District, Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve; spores, apical cells of paraphyses, amyloid reaction of the ascal apical ring, asci, hyphae of the stipe surface, ascocarps (all from holotype), type locality. Scale bars = 1 cm (ascocarps), 10 µm (microscopic structures). Maximum likelihood tree (RAxML web server) was obtained from the nrITS dataset sequences of Geoglossum raitviirii (H: holotype; P: paratype) and closely related species (TreeBASE submission ID S19197). The Bayesian analysis (MrBayes v. 3.2.5) was performed under a GTG+G+I model for 1 M generations. Numbers at branches indicate Maximum likelihood bootstrap values ≥ 75 % and Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥ 0.95. The scale bar represents the number of nucleotide changes per site. Anna G. Fedosova & Eugene S. Popov, Laboratory of Systematics and Geography of Fungi, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof Popov Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: anna.fedosova@gmail.com & EPopov@binran.ru © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 420 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Toxicocladosporium hominis Fungal Planet description sheets 421 Fungal Planet 451 – 4 July 2016 Toxicocladosporium hominis Sandoval-Denis, Gené & Deanna A. Sutton, sp. nov. Etymology. Referring to the isolation source of the ex-type strain. Classiﬁcation — Cladosporiaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideo mycetes. Colonies sporulating on synthetic nutrient-poor agar. Mycelium branched, septate, smooth, subhyaline to pale brown, hyphae 1.5–3 μm wide. Conidiophores simple or branched, subcylindrical, erect, thickening toward the apex, dark brown, smoothand thick-walled, 70 –113 × 3 – 3.5 μm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, polyblastic, terminal, geniculate, dark brown, 13–30 × 3–4 μm; scars truncate, thickened and darkened, 1.5–2 μm wide. Primary ramoconidia cylindrical, dark brown, smoothand thick-walled, 15–32 × 2–4 μm, 0–2-septate. Secondary ramoconidia subcylindrical to cylindrical, pale to dark brown, smooth- and thick-walled, 11–15 × 2.5 – 4 μm, 0 –1-septate, sometimes constricted at the septum, giving rise to branched conidial chains; scars darkened, thickened, 0.5–1.5 μm diam. Intercalary conidia subcylindrical, brown, smooth- and thickwalled, 9–16 × 3–4 μm, 0–1-septate, usually constricted at the septum. Small terminal conidia ellipsoidal to clavate, brown, smooth-walled, 5.5 –8 × 2.5–3.5 μm. Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA at 25 °C attaining 13–18 mm diam after 14 d, deep green to dark green (30D3/F8) (Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), erumpent and folded, velvety; reverse olive-brown (4D4/4D6). On SNA at 25 °C attaining 8–10 mm diam after 14 d, olive-brown (4E5/E8), flat to slightly umbonate, velvety to dusty; reverse olive-brown (4F6). On OA at 25 °C attaining 9 –12 mm diam after 14 d, olivebrown (4E4/4D3), flat, velvety to dusty; reverse olive-brown (4E4/4D3). Notes — The genus Toxicocladosporium, typiﬁed by T. irri tans, currently includes 12 species. Segregated from Clado sporium, Toxicocladosporium differs in the presence of conspicuous, dark septa in the conidiophores and conidia, and by having flat, thickened and refractive conidiogenous scars in contrast to the coronate scars of Cladosporium (Crous et al. 2007b). Toxicocladosporium hominis is phylogenetically related and morphologically similar to T. strelitziae (Crous et al. 2012b), from which it differs in the production of larger conidiogenous cells (13–30 × 3–4 μm) and intercalary conidia (9–16 × 3–4 μm) vs 10–15 × 2.5–3.5 μm and 10–12 × 2–2.5 μm, respectively, in T. strelitziae. In addition, the latter species has smooth to verruculose ramoconidia, secondary ramoconidia and intercalary conidia, without constrictions in the medial portion or at the septum. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hit using the ITS sequence is T. strelit ziae CBS 132535 (GenBank KM816684; Identities = 513/522 (98 %), Gaps = 2/522 (0 %)), followed by T. irritans CBS 185.58 (GenBank EU040243; Identities = 510/ 526 (97 %), Gaps = 4 / 526 (0 %)) and T. pini CPC 23639 (GenBank KJ869160; Identities = 505/527 (96 %), Gaps= 6/527 (1 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence were to T. strelitziae CBS 132535 (GenBank NG042687; Identities = 542/547 (99 %), Gaps = 2 / 547 (0 %)), T. irritans CBS 185.58 (GenBank EU040243; Identities = 542/547 (99 %), Gaps = 2 /547 (0 %)) and Clado sporium sp. ATCC 28310 (GenBank KP780464; Identities = 539 /547 (99 %), Gaps = 2/547 (0 %)). Typus. USA, Florida, Daytona Beach, from human broncoalveolar lavage fluid, D.A. Sutton (holotype FMR H-13297, isotype deposited at CBS, cultures ex-type FMR 13297 = UTHSCSA DI-13-172 = CBS 140694, ITS sequence GenBank LN834444, LSU sequence GenBank LN834448, MycoBank MB814942). Colour illustrations. USA, Florida, view of Daytona Beach (image credit: First Glow by Kaitlynne-Rae Landry); colony on PDA after 14 d at 25 °C, conidiophores, conidiogenous cell bearing conidia, ramoconidia, intercalary and terminal conidia. Scale bars = 5 µm. Marcelo Sandoval-Denis, Josepa Gené & Josep Guarro, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain; e-mail: msandovaldenis@gmail.com, josepa.gene@urv.cat & josep.guarro@urv.cat. Deanna A. Sutton & Nathan P. Wiederhold, Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, USA; e-mail: suttond@uthscsa.edu & wiederholdn@uthscsa.edu © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 422 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Pisolithus aureosericeus 423 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 452 – 4 July 2016 Pisolithus aureosericeus M.P. Martín, Kaewgrajang, Phosri & Watling, sp. nov. Etymology. From Latin aureus and sericeus, referring to the colour and texture of the peridium. Classiﬁcation — Sclerodermataceae, Boletales, Agaricomy cetes. Macroscopic characteristics — Basidiomes subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, gasterocarp, 10–50 mm, sessile. Peridium surface slightly velvety, golden yellow at ﬁrst, later buff to snuff brown. Rhizomorphs at the base, small, 0.8 –1.3 mm high × 0.3 – 0.5 diam. Gleba orange-brown become ferruginous powdery mass at maturity by the breakdown of the peridioles. Peridioles subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, 0.2–0.8 × 1.0–1.2 mm diam, thin-walled, surface smooth, bright yellow or greenish yellow, later a snuff-brown powdery mass when they mature. Microscopic characteristics — Constituent hyphae intertwined, cream to ochraceous, thin-walled, 2–3.5 mm broad, septate without encrustation, clamp-connections present. Ba sidia not seen. Spores globose to subglobose, 8.5–10 × 8–11 µm excluding ornamentation, pale brown, densely ornamented with pyramidal spines (0.5 –0.8 µm long). Typus. thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima, alt. 470 m, N14°29'59" E101°56'22", on clay loam soil, under Hopea odorata trees, 8 Aug. 2012, T. Kaewgrajang KUFF001 (holotype Herbarium Kasetsart University, ITS sequence GenBank KU351837, MycoBank MB851695). Additional materials examined. thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima, alt. 470 m, N14°29'59" E101°56'22", on clay loam soil, under Hopea odorata trees, 8 Aug. 2012, T. Kaewgrajang KUFF002 (Herbarium Kasetsart University, ITS sequences GenBank KU351835, KU351836); ibid., T. Kaewgrajang KUFF003 (Herbarium Kasetsart University, ITS sequences GenBank KU351838, KU351839, KU351840). Notes — The genus Pisolithus has for a long time been considered a genus of species with mainly a xerophytic lifestrategy, being found in shrub-land, woodland-clearings, even wasteland, and all generally on highly mineral soils (Pilát 1958). For many years the dark coloured, elongated, narrow stemmed Pisolithus kisslingii was perhaps the only species linked to tropical areas being described from the rain forest in Sumatra (Fischer 1906); although, specimens of this genus had been located amongst the dried collections of the late John H. Corner now housed in the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. However, after intensive work in the last few years in more tropical plant-communities has demonstrated a wealth of species of Pisolithus present certainly in South-East Asia. The present study delimits a further species, similar in colour to P. aurantioscabrosus, but differing markedly in the smoother and slightly velvety outer surface of the exoperidium in contrast to the erect squamules of the former. Phylogenetic analyses (parsimony), based on three collections (six specimens /six sequences) of P. aurosericeus, and previously published data, mainly from Martin et al. (2002), Phosri et al. (2012), Martín et al. Colour illustrations. Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima (T. Kaewgrajang); a. basidiome (KUFF001); b. basidiomes (KUFF001) detail to shown the peridioles; c, d. spores (KUFF001). Scale bars = 10 mm (basidiomes), 1 μm (spores). (2013) clearly grouped the new sequences with species of P. aurantioscabrosus from Malaysia collected under Shorea macropera. However, the specimens of P. aureosericeus form a cluster together as a group of their own, and were collected under Hopea odorata. Moreover, the peridium surface is slightly velvety and golden yellow, and the basidiospores are strongly ornamented with wedge-shaped extensions giving a very rough appearance; although Pisolithus spores are ornamented this present feature is rather uncommon in the genus and helps to delimit this new taxon under the microscope. KUFF002 (1), KU351835, P Clade 15, Pisolithus aureosericeus sp. nov. KUFF002 (2), KU351836, P KUFF001, KU351837, H 100 KUFF003 (1), KU351838, P KUFF003 (2), KU351839, P 51 KUFF003 (3), KU351840, P 100 2 Clade 11, P. aurantioscabrosus Clade 13, P. indicus 100 69 100 2 Clade 1, Pisolithus sp. 5 Clade 12, P. abditus (Clade 10, AF374624, Pisolithus sp.) 95 51 65 7 Clade 9, P. microcarpus 2 Clade 8 (Pisolithus sp.) 89 AF004732 (under Pisolithus sp.) 98 <50 22 Clade 7, P. albus complex (Clade 10, AF374646, Pisolithus sp.) (Clade 9, AF440867, P. microcarpus) 98 99 6 Clade 2, P. marmoratus 7 Clade 3, P. calongei 73 91 53 9 Clade 6, P. tinctorius 12 Clade 5, P. orientalis 12 Clade 4, P. arhizus 54 74 6 Clade 14, P. capsulifer FM213344S, Scleroderma citrinum GU373495, Suillus luteus 2.0 One of the 100 equally most parsimony trees obtained after a heuristic search of the ITS sequence alignment (PAUP v. 4.0b10). Following Phosri et al. (2012) and Martín et al. (2013), sequences of Suillus luteus and Scleroderma citrinum were included as outgroup. Pisolithus sequences were distributed in 15 main clades, clade number after Martin et al. (2002); percentage of bootstrap values (> 50 %) are indicated on the branches. The P. aureosericeus clade is marked with a grey square (H: Holotype; P: Paratypes); the accession number from EMBL/GenBank or UNITE databases are indicated to the rest of terminals. María P. Martín, Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es Tharnrat Kaewgrajang, Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd, Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; e-mail: tarn_67@hotmail.com Cherdchai Phosri, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, 214, Moo 12, Nittayo Road, Nong Yart Sub-district, Muang District, Nakhon Phanom, 48000, Thailand; e-mail: cherd_phosri@yahoo.co.uk Roy Watling, Caledonian Mycological Enterprises, Vrelah, 26 Blinkbonny Avenue, Edinburgh, EH4 3HU, Scotland, UK; e-mail: caledonianmyc@blueyonder.co.uk © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 424 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Coprinus littoralis Fungal Planet description sheets 425 Fungal Planet 453 – 4 July 2016 Coprinus littoralis G. Moreno, Carlavilla, Heykoop, Manjón, A. Sánchez, sp. nov. Etymology. Name reflects the habitat, littoral dunes, from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Agaricaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes. Cap up to 45 × 25 mm (measured on dried herbarium specimens), ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, becoming revolute at margin when mature and strongly deliquescent, ﬁrst whitish, later with pinkish tinges, veil thick, ochraceous, persistent at centre, star-shaped, not deliquescent, recalling that of Coprinus vosoustii. Gills crowded, ﬁrst white, then pinkish, later black, strongly deliquescent; gill-edge could not be observed due to deliquescence. Stem 55–65 × 3–6 mm, whitish, with whitish ephemeral ring; base up to 13 mm wide and bulbous to napiform, strongly rooting, 20–35 mm in length; hollow, with central strand. Spores 13–20 × 8–12 µm av. 15.5–17.5 × 9.5–10.6 µm (3 collections), Qav. = 1.60–1.72, ellipsoid, smooth, sometimes slightly broadened base, dark black, germ pore central to slightly eccentric toward the abaxial spore side, up to 2.5–3 µm diam. Basidia and pseudoparaphyses could not be observed due to deliquescence. Pleurocystidia not observed. Cheilo cystidia probably present in young specimens but the material studied was always very mature, with the gill-edge completely deliquesced. Clampconnections absent, only pseudoclamps present. Elements of veil 45–200 × 5–30 µm, consisting of cylindrical septate hyphae, rarely branched, densely packed, very variable in size and shape. Habit, Habitat & Distribution — Growing solitary on sand in littoral dunes with psammophilous vegetation. Very rare in the studied area. Typus. sPain, Huelva, Playa Coto de Doñana, National Park of Doñana, psammophilous in dunes, 5 Apr. 2013, A. Sánchez (holotype AH 45819, ITS sequence GenBank KU686920, LSU sequence GenBank KU686903, MycoBank MB815823). Additional specimens examined. Coprinus littoralis: sPain, Huelva, Playa de Doñana, National Park of Doñana, psammophilous in dunes, 6 Apr. 2013, A. Sánchez, paratype AH 45860 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686921, KU686904), idem, 7 Apr. 2013, AH 45859 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686922, KU686905). Coprinus comatus: sPain, Alcalá de Henares, Campus universitario, Facultad de Biología, in a garden, 15 Nov. 2008, J. Rejos & G. Moreno, AH 44095 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686915, KU686898); Madrid, Valdemorillo, in open area in a forest of Quercus ilex subsp. ballota, 10 Apr. 2010, M. Hinojosa & J.C. Campos, AH 45823 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686913, KU686896); Madrid, Canillejas, in parking of the Capricho Park, 23 Mar. 2014, J.L. Domingo, AH 44089 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686914, KU686897); Madrid, Las Matas, on side of a path, 8 May 2014, I. Morales, AH 45796 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686916, KU686899); Guadalajara, in a garden, 6 Dec. 2014, J.R. Carlavilla, AH 45795 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686911, KU686894); Alcalá de Henares, Campus universitario, Residencia Crusa, in a garden, 28 Oct. 2015, P. Rosario, AH 45832 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686912, KU686895); idem, 4 Nov. 2015, AH 45831 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686918, KU686901); Alcalá de Henares, Campus universitario, Escuela Politécnica, in a garden, 6 Nov. 2015, A. LópezVillalba, J.R. Carlavilla & G. Moreno, AH 45830 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686917, KU686900). Coprinus pinetorum: sPain, Madrid, Rivas Vaciamadrid, in humus of Pinus halepensis, 18 Nov. 2011, M. Martín, L. RubioCasas, L. RubioRoldán & G. Moreno, holotype AH 44094 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686924, KU686907); Madrid, Rivas Vaciamadrid, in humus of Pinus halepensis, 18 Nov. 2011, M. Martín, L. RubioCasas, L. RubioRoldán & G. Moreno, AH 45797 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686925, KU686908); idem, 22 Nov. 2014, M. Martín, AH 45798 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686926, KU686909); Almería, Sierra de los Filabres, in humus of Pinus halepensis, 30 Nov. 2002, G. Moreno & R. Galán, AH 45815 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686927, KU686910). Coprinus vosoustii: sPain, Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Facultad de Farmacia and Medicina, in a garden, 13 May 1976, K. Tabba, AH 1284 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686919, KU686902); idem, 8 May 1977, G. Moreno, AH 556 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686923, KU686906). Notes — Coprinus littoralis is characterised by its medium size sporocarp (as compared with Coprinus comatus), its large spores (13–20 × 8–12 µm) with slightly eccentric germ pore and by growing in littoral dunes. In our ITS phylogeny (MycoBank supplementary data) Coprinus littoralis is signiﬁcantly related to C. comatus, C. sterquilinus, C. vosoustii and C. pinetorum. They all belong to subsect. Co prinus s. Uljé (the C. comatus group). Coprinus comatus differs from C. littoralis by its more robust habit, smaller spores (9–12.5 × 7–9 µm) and by fruiting on strongly nitriﬁed sites (gardens, roadsides and paths or on lawns). Coprinus sterquilinus differs from C. littoralis by its larger spores (17–26 × 10–15 µm) and the habitat on dung. Coprinus vosoustii, considered by Moreno & Heykoop (1998) as a synonym of C. calyptratus, resembles C. littoralis because of the thick and persistent star-shaped ochraceous veil on the cap as well as by the large spores. Nevertheless, Coprinus littoralis differs from C. vosoustii by the strict psammophilous habitat and the absence of a napiform rooting stipe. Coprinus pinetorum differs from C. littoralis by its ﬁbrillose flocculose veil, smaller spores (8–11 × 5.5–8 µm) and by fruiting among needles of Pinus halepensis. Macroscopically, Coprinus spadiceisporus, a very rare species described from the State of Washington by Van de Bogart (1976), is also a C. comatus-like fungus. Nevertheless, it differs from C. littoralis by fruiting on dung and by its veil with small somewhat appressed scales (Van de Bogart 1976). Uljé et al. (1998) revised the type of C. spadiceisporus and synonymised it with C. roseistipitatus, which also was described fruiting on dung of rabbit and deer. Coprinus spadiceisporus has been collected in Spain (Lleida) by Tabarés & Rocabruna (2002) fruiting on dung of rabbit. Another C. comatus-like fungus which resembles Coprinus littoralis is C. levisticolens. However, Co prinus levisticolens differs from C. pinetorum by its scaly cap, smaller spores (11–14.5 × 7–8 µm) and by fruiting on sandy soil under Populus alba and Crataegus spp. (Ludwig & Roux 1995). Colour illustrations. Spain, Playa Coto de Doñana, National Park of Doñana, littoral dunes with psammophilous vegetation, where the holotype was collected; basidiomata, cylindrical septate hyphae of veil, spores under LM, smooth spores with eccentric germ pore under SEM (from the holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 50 µm (veil), 10 µm (spores under LM), 5 µm (spores under SEM). Gabriel Moreno, Juan Ramón Carlavilla, Michel Heykoop, José Luis Manjón & A. Sánchez, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; e-mail: gabriel.moreno@uah.es, juan.carlavilla@gmail.com, michel.heykoop@uah.es, josel.manjon@uah.es & antoniosanchez48@hotmail.com © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 426 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Coprinus pinetorum 427 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 454 – 4 July 2016 Coprinus pinetorum G. Moreno, Carlavilla, Heykoop & Manjón, sp. nov. Etymology. Name reflects the habitat, humus of Pinus halepensis, from which this fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Agaricaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes. Cap 35–45 × 25–35 mm when still closed, ellipsoid to subcylindrical, becoming revolute at margin when mature, ﬁrst whitish, later with pinkish tinges, veil ﬁrst ﬁbrillose to flocculose, then breaking up into small and fragile whitish upturned scales, except at centre, that stays smooth and becomes creamy to strawish creamy. Gills crowded, ﬁrst white, and then pinkish to black, the gill-edge whitish, probably due to the presence of numerous cheilocystidia, strongly deliquescent when mature. Stem 60–120 × 10–17 mm, whitish, with movable fragile ring on lower part, upperside strawish whitish, underside greyish flesh coloured, with up to 22 mm wide bulbous to subbulbous base, hollow, with central strand. Spores 8–11 × (5–)5.5–8 µm av. 8.1–10.6 × 5.9–6.9 µm (4 collections), Qav. = 1.38–1.62, smooth, ellipsoid, sometimes slightly broadened base, dark black, germ pore central, up to 1–1.5 µm diam. Basidia 14–35 × 10–13 µm (excl. sterigmata), sterigmata up to 4 µm in length, 4-spored, hyaline, sometimes with brownish vacuolar pigment toward the base, surrounded by 6–8 pseudoparaphyses. Cheilocys tidia probably present in young specimens but the material studied was always very mature, with the gill-edge completely deliquesced. Pleurocystidia not observed. Clampconnections absent, only pseudoclamps present. Elements of veil 35–220 × 9–35 µm, consisting of cylindrical branched hyphae, septate, densely packed and very variable in size and shape. Habit, Habitat & Distribution — Growing gregarious on basic soil under Pinus halepensis. Rare in the studied area. Typus. sPain, Madrid, Rivas Vaciamadrid, in humus of Pinus halepensis, 18 Nov. 2011, M. Martín, L. RubioCasas, L. RubioRoldán & G. Moreno (holotype AH 44094, ITS sequence GenBank KU686924, LSU sequence GenBank KU686907, MycoBank MB815824). Additional specimens examined. Coprinus pinetorum: sPain, Madrid, Rivas Vaciamadrid, in humus of Pinus halepensis, 18 Nov. 2011, M. Martín, L. RubioCasas, L. RubioRoldán & G. Moreno, paratype AH 45797 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686925, KU686908); idem, 22 Nov. 2014, M. Martín, paratype AH 45798 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686926, KU686909); Almería, Sierra de los Filabres, in humus of Pinus halepensis, 30 Nov. 2002, G. Moreno & R. Galán, paratype AH 45815 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686927, KU686910). Coprinus comatus: sPain, Alcalá de Henares, Campus universitario, Facultad de Biología, in a garden, 15 Nov. 2008, J. Rejos & G. Moreno, AH 44095 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686915, KU686898); Madrid, Valdemorillo, in open area in a forest of Quercus ilex subsp. ballota, 10 Apr. 2010, M. Hinojosa & J.C. Campos, AH 45823 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686913, KU686896); Madrid, Canillejas, in parking of the Capricho Park, 23 Mar. 2014, J.L. Domingo, AH 44089 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686914, KU686897); Madrid, Las Matas, on side of a path, 8 May 2014, I. Morales, AH 45796 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686916, KU686899); Guadalajara, in a garden, 6 Dec. 2014, J.R. Carlavilla, AH 45795 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686911, KU686894); Alcalá de Henares, Campus universitario, Residencia Crusa, in a garden, 28 Oct. 2015, P. Rosario, AH 45832 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686912, KU686895); idem, 4 Nov. 2015, AH 45831 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686918, KU686901); Alcalá de Henares, Campus universitario, Escuela Politécnica, in a garden, 6 Nov. 2015, A. LópezVillalba, J.R. Carlavilla & G. Moreno, AH 45830 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686917, KU686900). Coprinus littoralis: sPain, Huelva, Playa Coto de Doñana, National Park of Doñana, psammophilous in dunes, 5 Apr. 2013, A. Sánchez, holotype AH 45819 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686920, KU686903); Huelva, Playa de Doñana, National Park of Doñana, psammophilous in dunes, 6 Apr. 2013, A. Sánchez, AH 45860 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686921, KU686904), idem, 7 Apr. 2013, AH 45859 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686922, KU686905). Coprinus vosoustii: sPain, Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Facultad de Farmacia y Medicina, in a garden, 13 May 1976, K. Tabba, AH 1284 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686919, KU686902); idem, 8 May 1977, G. Moreno, AH 556 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686923, KU686906). Notes — Coprinus pinetorum is characterised by its small size (as compared with C. comatus), its spores with slightly broadened base (8–11 × 5.5–8 µm) and by fruiting among needles of Pinus halepensis. In our ITS phylogeny (MycoBank supplementary data) Coprinus pinetorum is signiﬁcantly related to C. comatus, C. sterquilinus, C. vosoustii and C. littoralis. They all belong to subsect. Copri nus s. Uljé (the C. comatus group). Coprinus comatus differs from C. pinetorum by its more robust habit and by fruiting on strongly nitriﬁed sites (gardens, roadsides and paths or on lawns). Coprinus sterquilinus differs from C. pinetorum by its solitary basidiocarps, very large spores (17–26 × 10–15 µm) and the habitat on dung. Coprinus vosoustii differs from C. pine torum by its ovoid cap, thick ochraceous and persistent veil forming a star-shaped layer at centre, and much larger spores (17–20 × 10–12 µm). Coprinus littoralis differs from C. pine torum by its larger basidiocarps, larger spores (13–20 × 8–12 µm) with slightly eccentric germ pore and the psammophilous habitat in littoral dunes. Macroscopically, C. spadiceisporus, a very rare species described from the State of Washington by Van de Bogart (1976), is also a C. comatus-like fungus. Nevertheless, it differs from C. pinetorum by fruiting on dung and by its spores with eccentric germ pore (Van de Bogart 1976). Another C. comatus-like fungus which resembles Coprinus pinetorum is C. levisticolens. However, C. levisticolens differs from C. pinetorum by its scaly cap, larger spores (11–14.5 × 7–8 µm) with eccentric germ pore and by fruiting on sandy soil under Populus alba and Crataegus spp. (Ludwig & Roux 1995). Colour illustrations. Spain, Rivas Vaciamadrid, humus of Pinus halepen sis, where the holotype was collected; basidiomata and fruit body section, cylindrical hyphae of veil, 4-spored basidia, spores under LM, smooth spores with central germ pore under SEM (from the holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (veil, basidia, spores under LM), 2 µm (spores under SEM). Gabriel Moreno, Juan Ramón Carlavilla, Michel Heykoop & José Luis Manjón, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; e-mail: gabriel.moreno@uah.es, juan.carlavilla@gmail.com, michel.heykoop@uah.es & josel.manjon@uah.es © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 428 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Priceomyces vitoshaensis a b c 429 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 455 – 4 July 2016 Priceomyces vitoshaensis Gouliamova, Dimitrov, M.T. Sm., M.M. Stoilova-Disheva & M. Groenew., sp. nov. Etymology. The speciﬁc epithet ‘vitoshaensis’ was derived from the locality Vitosha Nature Park where insect hosts of the ex-type strain were collected. Classiﬁcation — Debaryomycetaceae, Saccharomycetales, Saccharomycetes. After 7 d growth at 25 °C on 5 % glucose broth, cells are globose, ovoid, oblong, 2–5 × 3–7 μm, occurring singly, in pairs, in small clusters or in small chains, and proliferating by multilateral budding. Dalmau plate culture after 10 d on morphology (Wickerham 1951) and potato-dextrose agar (PDA) at 20–25 °C did not show pseudohyphae. After 3 d of incubation on yeast extract, malt extract, pepton, glucose agar (YM), the single strains formed asci after conjugation of independent cells. The asci were lytic, releasing 1–2 round and smooth ascospores. For physiological characteristics see MycoBank MB802453. Typus. bulGaria, Soﬁa, Nature Park Vitosha, in birch forest, above village Bistritsa, N42°35'10" E23°21'36", from Pterostichus melas (Carabidae) 19 July 2009, D. Gouliamova (holotype metabolically inactive strain CBS 12457; ITS sequence GenBank HM627157.2, LSU sequence GenBank HM627053, MycoBank MB802453); Additional strain 3R = CBS 1243 was isolated from the same beetle species collected in Nature Park ‘Zlatni Pyasatsi’, N43°17'0" E28°2'0", on oak meadow, 24 Apr. 2009, ITS, LSU sequences GenBank KC810955, KC810946. Notes — The most similar sequence in GenBank is C. north wykensis (98 % identity in both LSU and ITS sequences). Phylogenetic analyses, using an alignment of concatenated LSU and ITS sequences of known species present in the Priceomyces clade and the new yeast strains, placed the latter with C. north wykensis in a separate subclade (100 % support). Pairwise comparison of sequences from multiple alignment data showed that the new strains have 97 % identity with C. northwykensis (1 121 identical nt., 14 subst. in ITS and 11 subst., 1 gap in LSU), 93 % with C. fermenticarens (1 080 identical nt., 44 subst., 10 gaps in ITS and 23 subst., 3 gaps in LSU) and 91 % identity with P. melissophilus (1 054 nt., 47 subst., 10 gaps in ITS and 24 subst., 2 gaps in LSU). Nine physiological characteristics distinguish the new strains from C. northwykensis. They can assimilate cellobiose, salicin, ribitol, succinate, methyl α-glucoside and nitrite. They cannot assimilate ethanol and they do not grow in 0.01 % cycloheximide and at 35 °C. Thus, we assign these strains to the newly proposed species, Priceomyces vitoshaensis. New combinations in the genus Priceomyces. Based on the results of phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU and ITS rDNA we propose new combinations in the genus Priceomyces for the following species that previously belonged to the genus Candida. Priceomyces fermenticarens (Van der Walt & Baker) Gouliamova, Dimitrov, M.T. Sm., M.M. Stoilova-Disheva & M. Groenew., comb. nov. — MycoBank MB310255 Basionym. Candida fermenticarens, Van der Walt & Baker, Bothalia 12: 561. 1978. Priceomyces northwykensis (Ravella et al.) Gouliamova, Dimitrov, M.T. Sm., M.M. Stoilova-Disheva & M. Groenew., comb. nov. — MycoBank MB560189 Basionym. Candida northwykensis, Ravella et al., Curr. Microbiol. 63: 115. 2011. 0.02 72 Priceomyces vitoshaensis 3 HM627157.2/HM627053 100 Priceomyces vitoshaensis 3R KC810955/KC810946 Priceomyces northwykensis NCYC-3525T FM179646/FM179640 82 100 Priceomyces fermenticarens Y-17321T EU343829/AB013525 100 Priceomyces melissophilus Y-7585T AB054021/U45740 71 Priceomyces castillae Y-7501T DQ409168/U45769 100 100 Priceomyces medius Y-7122T AB054119/U45768 Priceomyces haplophilus Y-7860T DQ409169/U45770 Priceomyces carsonii YB-4275T AB054097/U45743 100 Millerozyma acaciae Y-7117T EU343866/U45767 Millerozyma farinosa Y-7553T FR668054/U45739 Colour illustrations. Bulgaria, Vitosha Mountain, large stone river Zlatnite Mostove (Golden Bridges) (Photo: Alexandra Toneva); a. Pterostichus melas (Carabidae, www.zin.ru /Animalia /Coleoptera); b. morphology of cells of Priceomyces vitoshaensis 3T in 5 % glucose broth; c. arrows indicting the conjugated asci with ascospores. Scale bars = 10 μm (cells), 5 μm (asci with ascospores). Phylogenetic analysis of the alignment of the ITS1+2 region, and the LSU (D1/D2 domains) rRNA gene using a maximum likelihood analysis (MEGA v. 6) for Priceomyces vitoshaensis 3 T and related species. Dilnora E. Gouliamova & Margarita M. Stoilova-Disheva, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev 26, Soﬁa 1113, Bulgaria; e-mail: dilnorag@gmail.com & margid@microbio.bas.bg Roumen A. Dimitrov, Soﬁa University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 5 James Bourchier Blvd., Soﬁa 1164, Bulgaria; e-mail: dimitrov@phys.uni-sofia.bg Maudy Th. Smith & Marizeth Groenewald, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.smith@cbs.knaw.nl & m.groenewald@cbs.knaw.nl © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 430 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Nothophoma macrospora 431 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 456 – 4 July 2016 Nothophoma macrospora Valenzuela-Lopez, Stchigel, Cano & Deanna A. Sutton, sp. nov. Etymology. G. μακρό-, large, and -σπορά, spore, referring to the big size of the conidia. Classiﬁcation — Didymellaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideo mycetes. Hyphae pale to dark brown, 3–10 μm wide, thin- to thick-walled, smooth to granulose due to the production of dark granules, septate, anastomosing. Conidiomata pycnidial dark brown, pyriform to heart-shaped by the occasional production of 2–3(–4) necks, rarely globose, 100–300 × 100–300 μm; peridium 3–5-layered, 15–25 μm thick, peridial cells globose to polygonal, pale to dark brown, 5–10 μm diam, thick-walled; neck usually present, paler than the peridial wall, cylindrical to conical, (50–)90–150 × (50–)80–110 μm, papillate, ornamented with a crown of short, subhyaline, conical to digitiform projections around the ostiolum, ostiolum of late opening; exuded conidial masses not observed; conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, phialidic, globose to flaskshaped, hyaline, thin-walled, 5–10 μm diam; conidia (9–)10–15 × 2.5–3(–3.5) μm, hyaline, cylindrical to slightly clavate at one or both ends, 0(- 2)-septate, narrowing slightly at the septa, guttulate, sometimes producing a similar conidia on a lateral bulge, then forming irregular chains. Chlamydospores absent, but some hyphae cells become darker, thicker and barrelshaped. Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA reaching 30 mm diam in 7 d at 25 °C, olive brown (M.4F3), flattened, granulose due to the production of numerous pycnidia; reverse concolorous. Colonies on MEA attaining 37–41 mm in 7 d at 25 °C, yellowish white (M.4A2) to light brown (M.6D8), flattened, compact, reverse concolorous. NaOH spot test: negative. Crystals absent. Typus. usa, Arizona, Phoenix, from respiratory secretion of a patient with pneumonia, 1 Apr. 2009, D.A. Sutton (holotype CBS H-22377, cultures extype UTHSC DI09-853 = FMR 13767 = CBS 140674, ITS sequence GenBank LN880536, LSU sequence GenBank LN880537, actA sequence GenBank LN880538, tub2 sequence GenBank LN880539, MycoBank MB815051). 89 0.98 72 0.95 Nothophoma anigozanthi CBS 381.91 Nothophoma quercina CBS 633.92 Nothophoma infossa CBS 123395 T 86 100 1 Notes — This fungus was isolated from a human clinical specimen. Morphologically, Nothophoma macrospora resembles the species previously classiﬁed into Phoma section Macro spora (Boerema et al. 2004), i.e. Phoma andropogonivora, P. boeremae, P. chenopodii, P. commelinicola, P. gossypiicola, P. necator, P. rabiei, P. xanthina and P. zeaemaydis. These species produce the largest conidia of the genus. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the LSU sequence are Peyronellaea combreti (GenBank KJ869191; Identities = 887/889 (99 %), no gaps) and Peyronellaea prosopidis (GenBank KF777232; Identities = 887/889 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits using ITS sequence are Leptosphaerulina australis (GenBank KF293970; Identities = 493/497 (99 %), gaps 1/497 (0 %)), Didymella glomerata (GenBank AB369471; Identities = 493/497 (99 %), gaps 1/497 (0 %)) and Nothophoma quercina (GenBank AB369461; Identities = 493/497 (99 %), gaps 1/497 (0 %)). In a similar search in the Q-Bank fungal nucleotide database (www.q-bank.eu), the closest hit is Nothophoma anigozanthi CBS 381.91 (Identities = 468/473 (99 %), gaps = 1/473 (0 %)). The closest hit using the beta-tubulin (tub2) sequence is Nothophoma gossypiicola (GenBank GU237611; Identities = 323/335 (99 %), no gaps), as well was using the actin (actA) sequence against Q-Bank (Nothophoma gossypiicola CBS 377.67; Identities = 214/224 (96 %), no gaps). Our phylogenetic tree, built by using the ITS, LSU, tub2 and actA sequences, corroborated that our fungus represents a new species of the genus Nothophoma, N. gos sypiicola being the most phylogenetically and morphologically related species. Nothophoma macrospora differs from N. gos sypiicola by its lower growing rate on OA, the shape (pyriform to hearth-shaped vs globose), the number of necks (up to 4 vs 0–1) and the ornamentation (papillate vs non-papillate) of the pycnidia, and the presence of conidial septa (up to 2 vs non-septate). 95 1 Nothophoma macrospora sp. nov. UTHSC DI09-853 Nothophoma gossypiicola CBS 377.67 Phoma bulgarica CBS 357.84 T Phoma herbarum CBS 615.75 Phomatodes nebulosa CBS 117.93 Neoascochyta paspali CBS 560.81 T Neoascochyta paspali CBS 561.81 0,02 Colour illustrations. USA, Arizona, Phoenix, McDowell mountain park (image credit: Hector Lopez and Brenda, www.hmlopezphoto.com); colony on OA after 7 d at 25 °C, conidiomata under stereomicroscope, pycnidia, conidiogenous cells, conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the combined DNA sequences dataset from four loci of our isolate and sequences retrieved from the GenBank and the Q-Bank databases (TreeBASE ID 18137). Above the nodes are presented the bootstrap support values ≥ 70 %, and the Bayesian posterior probability scores ≥ 0.95 are indicated below. Neoascochyta paspali (CBS 560.81 & CBS 561.81) was used as outgroup. Ex-type strains of the different species are indicated with T. The new species proposed in this study is indicated in bold. The alignment was performed by MEGA v. 6.06 (Tamura et al. 2013), and the tree building by MEGA v. 6.06 and by MrBayes v. 3.2.4 (Huelsenbeck & Ronquist 2001). Nicomedes Valenzuela-Lopez, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain; Microbiology Unit, Medical Technology Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Antofagasta, Av. Universidad de Antofagasta s/n, 02800 Antofagasta, Chile; e-mail: nicomedes.vl@gmail.com Alberto M. Stchigel & José F. Cano-Lira, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain; e-mail: alberto.stchigel@urv.cat; jose.cano@urv.cat & josep.guarro@urv.cat Deanna A. Sutton & Nathan P. Wiederhold, Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, USA; e-mail: suttond@uthscsa.edu © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 432 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Entoloma kruticianum 433 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 457 – 4 July 2016 Entoloma krutiсianum O.V. Morozova, M.Yu. Dyakov, E.S. Popov & A.V. Alexandrova, sp. nov. Etymology. The epithet refers to the type locality – Krutitsy Village in the Tver Region of Russia. Classiﬁcation — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomy cetes. Basidiomata small-sized, mycenoid. Pileus 5 ‒12 mm diam, hemispherical to convex, not hygrophanous, not translucently striate, with appendiculate margin, radially ﬁbrillose to slightly squamulose in the centre, deep violet (15E7– 8; Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), darker in the centre (15F6–8). Lamellae moderately distant, adnate-emarginate or almost free, ventricose, reddish lilac (14C3–4, 14D3 –4), becoming greyish pink, with paler entire edge. Stipe 20–70 × 1–2 mm, cylindrical, longitudinally ﬁbrillose-striate, deep blue to deep violet (19D8 –E8, 18D8 –E8), clearly different from the pileus, white tomentose at base. Context concolorous with the surface. Smell indistinct, taste not reported. Spores (7.5–)8.5(–10.5) × (5.5–)6(–7) μm, Q = (1.3–)1.5(–1.8), heterodiametrical, with 5–7 angles in sideview. Basidia 22–25 × 8–12.5 μm, 4-spored, narrowly clavate to clavate, clamped. Lamellae edge fertile or heterogeneous. Cheilocystidia 24.5–37.5 × 4.5–9.5 μm, cylindrical, lageniform or irregularly shaped, intermixed with basidia, in some basidiomata rare or absent. Pileipellis a plagiotrichoderm to trichoderm in the centre, of cylindrical to slightly inflated hyphae 10–20 μm wide with swollen terminal elements and bluish-violaceous intracellular pigment. Clamp-connections present. Habit, Habitat & Distribution — In a small group among Sphagnum in Picea abies forest. Known from European Russia. spores and more conical pileus, E. chytrophilum possesses white lamellae, nodulose spores and more applanate pileus. Both varieties of E. callichroum are characterized by the similar coloration of the basidiomata, but their spores are larger and cheilocystidia (if present) are broadly clavate, never lageniform. One more species with coloured lamellae – E. euchroum – usually is more robust and possesses larger spores with rather blunt angles. Typus. russia, Tver Region, Staritsa District, vicinities of the Krutitsy Village, N56°18'35.2" E34°52'07.7", 13 Sept. 2015, M. Dyakov, O. Morozova, E. Popov & A. Alexandrova (holotype LE 311767, ITS sequence GenBank KU666558, LSU sequence GenBank KU710222, MycoBank MB815745). Notes — Entoloma krutiсianum represents a species of the subgenus Leptonia due to the presence of clamp-connections, absence of brilliant granules and plagiotrichoderm to trichoderm pileipellis. It resembles E. lepidissimum by its small-sized mycenoid basidiomata with deep blue and violet colours, including coloured lamellae. Microscopically, the scattered cheilocystidia also make them similar. However, E. krutiсianum can be recognized by the colour of the pileus, which is clearly different from the stipe, the presence of the reddish lilac tint in the lamellae, as well as smaller spores with pronounced angles and attenuate hilum. The ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the newly described species has been compared with those of the other Leptonia species (mostly derived from the type material, data from Morozova et al. 2014). Molecular data support their differences (p-distance from the closest species E. lepidissimum – 8 %). The similar dark blue species distinguish (except for the colour of the pileus): E. coelestinum – by the white lamellae, smaller Colour illustrations. Russia, Tver’ Region, Staritsa District, vicinities of the Krutitsy Village, type locality; pileipellis, spores, cheilocystidia, basidiomata (all from holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (spores, cheilocystidia and pileipellis). Phylogenetic tree derived from Bayesian analysis, based on nrITS1-5.8S-ITS2 data. Analysis was performed under GTR model, for 3 M generations, using MrBayes v. 3.2.1 (Ronquist et al. 2012). The ML analysis was run in the RAxML server (http://phylobench.vital-it.ch/raxml-bb/index.php (Stamatakis et al. 2008)). Posterior probability (PP > 0.95) values from the Bayesian analysis followed by bootstrap values from the Maximum Likelihood (BS > 70 %) analysis are added to the left of a node (PP/BS). Olga V. Morozova & Eugene S. Popov, Laboratory of Systematics and Geography of Fungi, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: OMorozova@binran.ru & EPopov@binran.ru Alina V. Alexandrova & Maxim Yu. Dyakov, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Faculty of Biology, 119234, 1, 12 Leninskie Gory Str., Moscow, Russia; e-mail: alina-alex2011@yandex.ru & max_fungi@mail.ru © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 434 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Xerocomellus poederi Fungal Planet description sheets 435 Fungal Planet 458 – 4 July 2016 Xerocomellus poederi G. Moreno, Heykoop, Esteve-Rav., P. Alvarado & Traba, sp. nov. Etymology. Named after Reinhold Pöder, Austrian mycologist and specialist in Boletales, who passed away in August 2015. Classiﬁcation — Boletaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetes. Cap 1.2–5.5 cm broad, convex becoming applanate convex, sometimes depressed at centre, pale brown (Mu 7.5YR 6/3, 6/4), brown pinkish (Mu 5YR 6/3, 6/4) to dark brown when mature (Mu 5YR 3/1, 3/2, 3/3), becoming darker in herbarium specimen; surface dry, smooth, the epicutis cracking in age with reddish tinges in the cracks on the upper part (Mu 10R 4/6, 4/8); context in cap whitish, reddish under the epicutis, staining slightly bluish when bruised or cut. Margin irregular, concolorous to slightly paler, not hygrophanous nor striate. Tubes up to 0.8 mm in length, depressed around the stipe, ventricose, narrower towards the margin, whitish to pale yellowish when young (Mu 2.5Y 8/3, 8/4) then yellowish (Mu 2.5Y 7/4, 7/6), turning slightly bluish when bruised or cut. Stem 2.5–6 × 0.3–0.6 cm, cylindrical, solid, tapered downward, often curved, fragile, dark reddish (Mu 10R 3/4, 3/6), yellowish at the apex (Mu 2.5Y 8/4, 8/6), surface slightly granulose; context in stem whitish at the apex, dark red in the lower half or lower two thirds, turning slightly bluish when bruised or cut. Odour and taste not distinctive. Sporeprint olive brown (Mu 2.5Y 5/3, 5/4). Spores (10.5–)11–16(–17) × 4–5.5(–6) µm, av. 11.9–14.6 × 4.4–5 µm (8 collections), Qav. = 2.56 – 3.17, fusiform, smooth with obtuse apex, with a distinct suprahilar depression, not amyloid nor dextrinoid, containing 1–3 lipidic globose drops or one ellipsoid drop ﬁlling almost the entire spore volume; under the SEM spores lack any ornamentation. Basidia 4-spored, 33–45 × 9–13 µm, sterigmata up to 5 µm in height, clavate, hyaline. Pleurocystidia numerous, fusiform, with obtuse apex, 33–55 × 8–12 µm, hyaline, sometimes with yellowish content. Cheilo cystidia similar to pleurocystidia. Caulohymenium throughout the stem consisting of basidia, basidioles and cystidia similar to those present in the hymenium. Pileipellis a trichodermium consisting of septate hyphae, the cylindrical cells of the hyphae with thick walls, terminal cells very variable in shape, cylindrical (narrower than lower cells) to lageniform, 30–40 × 9–11 µm, with abundant yellowish pigment forming patches or strips. Clampconnections not seen. Habit, Habitat & Distribution — Growing solitary to gregarious on acid soil under Quercus robur. Very abundant in the studied area. Typus. sPain, Lugo, Parque Río Rato, Concello de Lugo, in humus of Quercus robur, 1 Nov. 2013, G. Moreno & J.M. Traba (holotype AH 44050, ITS sequence GenBank KU355475, LSU sequence GenBank KU355488, MycoBank MB815475). Additional specimens examined. Xerocomellus poederi: sPain, Lugo, Parque Río Rato, Concello de Lugo, in humus of Quercus robur, 1 Nov. 2013, G. Moreno & J.M. Traba, paratype AH 44051 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU355476, KU355489); idem, paratype AH 44052 (ITS, LSU Colour illustrations. Spain, Parque Río Rato, Quercus robur forest, where the holotype was collected; basidiomata and fruit body section, trichodermium showing its variability, 4-spored basidium, hymenial cystidia, basidiospores, smooth spores under SEM (holotype AH 44050). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (pileipellis, basidium, pleurocystidia, spores under LM), 2 µm (spores under SEM). sequences GenBank, KU355477, KU355490); idem, paratype AH 44053; idem, paratype AH 45804 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU355478, KU355491); Lugo, Concello de O Corgo, Finca O Fia, in humus of Quercus robur, 2 Nov. 2013, G. Moreno, J.M. Traba & J.M. CastroMarcote, paratype AH 45855; A Coruña, Vimianzo, in humus of Quercus robur, Corylus avellana and Laurus nobilis, 29 Aug. 2015, J.M. CastroMarcote, paratype AH 45803 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU355480, KU355491); Orense, Leiro, in humus of Quercus robur, 23 Nov. 2013, J.M. CastroMarcote, paratype AH 45805 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU355479, KU355492). Xerocomellus chrysenteron: sPain, Madrid, La Barranca, Navacerrada, in humus of Pinus sylvestris, 29 Oct. 2013, V. Córdoba, AH 44023 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU355474, KU355487); Segovia, Ermita de Hontanares, Riaza, in humus of Quercus pyrenaica, 20 June 2010, D. Saavedra, Y. Fernández & L. RubioCasas, AH38968 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU355473, KU355486). Xerocomellus porosporus: sPain, Segovia, Ermita de Hontanares, Riaza, in humus of Quercus pyrenaica, 12 June 2010, L. RubioRoldán & L. RubioCasas, AH 38964 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU355481, KU355493). Xerocomellus ripariellus: sPain, Madrid, Velilla de San Antonio, in humus of Populus alba, 3 July 2010, M. Martín, AH38971 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU355482, KU355494). Xerocomus subtomentosus: sPain, Ávila, El Tiemblo, in humus of Castanea sativa and Quercus pyrenaica, 27 June 2010, J.A. Rodea, AH38974 (ITS sequence GenBank, KU355483); Toledo, Real de San Vicente, in humus of Quercus ilex ssp. ballota, 23 Nov. 2013, R. Losada, AH 44076 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU355484, KU355495); Segovia, Fresno de Cantespino, in humus of Quercus pyrenaica and Q. ilex ssp. ballota, 6 Sept. 2013, J.M. Barrasa, AH45790 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU355485, KU355496). Notes — Xerocomellus poederi is morphologically characterised by its small size, the reddish cylindrical fusiform long stem in relation to the cap diameter, the dark reddish context in the lower part of the stipe and by fruiting isolated to gregarious on acid soil under Quercus robur. In our ITS phylogeny (MycoBank supplementary data) Xero comellus poederi is closely related to X. chrysenteron, X. poro sporus and X. sarnarii, and to a lesser degree to X. dryophilus, all of them belonging to the difﬁcult X. chrysenteron complex (Peintner et al. 2003). The whole genus is strikingly different from Xerocomus and other taxa. Xerocomellus chrysenteron differs from X. poederi because of its more robust habit and its differently coloured stem context, with greenish to yellowish green tinges in the base, never dark reddish, and also because of its association with conifers or Fagus in Southern Europe. Xerocomellus porosporus differs from X. poederi because of the dark brownish colours lacking dark reddish tinges in the context at the base of the stem, as well as its apically truncate spores with a distinct germ pore. Xerocomellus dryophilus, a species described by Thiers (1975) from California, resembles X. poederi because of the dark reddish context at the base of the stem, a feature which led many authors to confuse both taxa (Simonini 1994, Pérez de Gregorio 1995, Ladurner & Simonini 2003); however, it differs from X. poederi because of its larger habit, the short stem in relation with the cap diameter, and a strict association to Quercus agrifolia (coast Live Oak) (Bessette et al. 2000, Desjardin et al. 2015). Xerocomellus sarnarii, a species described recently by Ariyawansa et al. (2015) from Italy, is macroscopically similar to X. poederi; however, it differs from X. poederi because of its spores which have a small truncature at the apex and a strict association with Mediterranean sclerophilous forests of Quercus ilex and Q. suber. For the description of the colours the Munsell soil colour charts were used (Munsell 1994). Gabriel Moreno, Michel Heykoop, Fernando Esteve-Raventós, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; e-mail: gabriel.moreno@uah.es, michel.heykoop@uah.es, fernando.esteve@uah.es Pablo Alvarado, ALVALAB, La Rochela n° 47, E-39012, Santander, Spain; pablo.alvarado@gmail.com José María Traba, Plaza de España 1, E 15001 A Coruña, Spain; chemitraba@gmail.com © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 436 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Helminthosporiella stilbacea 437 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 459 – 4 July 2016 Helminthosporiella Hern.-Restr., G.A. Sarria & Crous, gen. nov. Etymology. Similar to the genus Helminthosporium. Classiﬁcation — Massarinaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideo mycetes. Mycelium superﬁcial and immersed, hyphae hyaline to pale brown, smooth, branched, septate. Conidiophores erect, brown to red-brown, synnematous, septate, compacted. Conidiog enous cells polytretic, sympodial, integrated, determinate, ter- minal, cylindrical. Conidia catenate in easily disarticulating chains, obclavate, subcylindrical, occasionally bifurcate, brown, distoseptate, hilum darkened, thickened and refractive. Sexual morph unknown. Type species. Helminthosporiella stilbacea (Moreau) Hern.-Restr., G.A. Sarria & Crous. MycoBank MB816988. Helminthosporiella stilbacea (Moreau) Hern.-Restr., G.A. Sarria & Crous, comb. & stat. nov. Basionym. Cercospora palmicola f. stilbacea Moreau, Rev. Mycol. 12: 38. 1947. ≡ Helminthosporium stilbaceum (Moreau) S. Hughes, Mycol. Pap. 48: 38. 1952. ≡ Exosporium stilbaceum var. stilbaceum (Moreau) M.B. Ellis, Mycol. Pap. 82: 38. 1961. = Exosporium stilbaceum var. macrosporum Subramon. & V.G. Rao, Journal of the Annamalai University, part B, Sciences 29: 404. 1971. Mycelium superﬁcial and immersed, hyphae hyaline to pale brown, smooth, branched, septate. Conidiophores erect, brown to red-brown, synnematous, septate, compacted, 620–1400 × 19–54 µm, individual hyphae 3–4 µm wide. Conidiogenous cells mono- or polytretic, integrated, determinate, terminal, cylindrical, 31–67 × 4.5–7 µm, straight or curved at the apex. Conidia catenate in easily disarticulating chains, obclavate, subcylindrical, occasionally bifurcate, medium brown, 26–83 × 7–10 µm, (1–)3–5(–6)-distoseptate, striate-wall, hilum darkened, thickened and refractive. Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA, reaching 9–12 mm diam after 1 wk at 25 °C in the dark. Velvety, with concentric rings and some black spots in the agar, olivaceous to green olivaceous, margin entire, white; reverse grey olivaceous. Colonies on MEA, reaching 20–27 mm diam after 1 wk at 25 °C in the dark. Velvety, elevate, dark brick, margin irregular, reverse vinaceous buff. Specimen examined. coloMbia, Barrancabermeja, CENIPALMA, on leaves of Elaeis oleifera, May 2013, G. Andrea Sarria (culture CPHmZC-01, ITS sequence GenBank KX228298.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228355.1, MycoBank MB816989). Notes — This species was initially introduced as Cercospora palmicola f. stilbacea by Moreau (1947) as a ‘form’, different from C. palmicola due to the presence of a ‘coremium’. Later it was transferred to Exosporium (Ellis 1961). Nevertheless, the generic placement of this species is doubtful in Cerco spora or Exosporium and was tentatively accepted in Hel minthosporium (Braun et al. 2014). Helminthosporium as well as Helminthosporiella are asexual genera in Massarinaceae with polytretic conidiogenous cells and distoseptate conidia. However, they are molecular and morphologically different. Helminthosporiella shows terminal conidiogenous cells and catenate conidia and species of Helminthosporium have both terminal and intercalary conidiogenous cells and solitary conidia. Another genus morphologically similar is Corynespora. But Helminthosporiella differs from Corynespora in having polytretic and sympodial, instead of monotretic and percurrent conidiogenous cells. Unfortunately, it was not possible to propose a formal epi- or neotypiﬁcation, since the geographical origin of the specimen examined was not the same as described in the protologue (Democratic Republic of the Congo). ITS. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequences are Helminthosporium velutinum (GenBank JN198435; Identities = 446/480 (93 %), Gaps = 5/480 (1 %)), Helminthosporium sp. (GenBank KJ877647; Identities = 447/480 (93 %), Gaps = 9/480 (1 %)) and Helminthosporium sp. (GenBank JN662484, Identities = 496 /552 (90 %), Gaps = 16/552 (2 %)). LSU. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the LSU sequences are Corynespora leucadendri (GenBank KF251654, Identities = 820/840 (98 %), Gaps = 7/840 (0 %)), Corynespora olivacea (GenBank JQ044448, Identities = 831/ 858 (97 %), Gaps = 6/858 (0 %)) and Byssothecium circinans (GenBank AY016357; Identities = 830/858 (97 %), Gaps = 7/858 (0 %)) (MycoBank supplementary data). Colour illustrations. Nursery of Elaeis oleifera in CENIPALMA, Colombia; Helminthosporiella stilbaceae: synnemata, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Margarita Hernández-Restrepo & Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.hernandez@cbs.knaw.nl & p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Greicy Andrea Sarria, Corporación Centro de Investigación en Palma de Aceite (CENIPALMA), Colombia; e-mail: gsarria@cenipalma.org © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 438 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Penidiellopsis radicularis 439 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 460 – 4 July 2016 Penidiellopsis Sandoval-Denis, Gené, Deanna A. Sutton & Guarro, gen. nov. Etymology. Named after its morphological resemblance to the genus Penidiella. Classiﬁcation — Teratosphaeriaceae, Capnodiales, Dothi deomycetes. Conidiophores differentiated, solitary, erect, straight to geniculate-sinuous, rarely branched, pale to medium brown, smoothand thick-walled. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal or intercalary, pale to medium brown, smooth, mono- and polyblastic, giving rise to one or more sets of ramoconidia, scars truncate, slightly darkened, unthickened and not refractive. Ramoconidia 0–1-septate, obovoid, ellipsoid or slightly clavate, pale to medium brown, smooth- and thick-walled, apical part with denticle-like loci, basal scar flattened, slightly darkened, unthickened and not refractive. Conidia in branched acropetal chains, 0-septate, obovoid, ellipsoid or limoniform, pale to medium brown, smooth, thick-walled, with conidial scars truncate or protuberant, somewhat darkened, unthickened and not refractive. Type species. Penidiellopsis radicularis Sandoval-Denis, Gené, Deanna A. Sutton & Guarro. MycoBank MB815361. Penidiellopsis radicularis Sandoval-Denis, Gené, Deanna A. Sutton & Guarro, sp. nov. Etymology. Named after its root-like growth pattern in culture media. Mycelium superﬁcial and immersed, composed of septate, branched, pale brown, smooth to ﬁnely verruculose and thinwalled hyphae, 1.5–4.5 μm wide. Conidiophores straight or geniculate, septate, slightly constricted at the septum, 40–150 × 3.5–5 μm, pale to medium-brown, usually darkening at the medial portion, smooth-, thick-walled. Conidiogenous cells terminal or intercalary, 12–18 × 4–5 μm, with one or several conidiogenous loci, 1–2.5 μm wide. Ramoconidia 0(–1)-septate, ellipsoid, obovoid or somewhat clavate, 7–11 × 3–4 μm, pale to medium brown, smooth and thick-walled. Conidia 0-septate, obovoid or limoniform, 5–9 × 3–4 μm, pale brown, smooth and thick-walled, with protuberant conidial scars. Culture characteristics — (in the dark, 25 °C after 14 d), colonies on PDA attaining 6–7 mm diam, dark green (30F3/F8) (Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), erumpent and folded, velvety; reverse dark green (30F3) to black. On SNA attaining 4–8 mm diam, olive grey to olive (3F2/F8), flat, velvety; reverse olive (3F7/F8). On OA attaining 6–8 mm diam, dark green (30F8) to black, flat, velvety; reverse dark green (30F8). Typus. usa, South Carolina, West Columbia, from human nail, date unknown, D.A. Sutton (holotype CBS H-22389, culture ex-type CBS 140695 = UTHSC DI-13-256 = FMR 13369; ITS sequence GenBank LN834441, LSU sequence GenBank LN834445, MycoBank MB815362). Notes — The genus Penidiellopsis (Ps.) is similar to Peni diella (Pa.), however, both genera are clearly differentiated genetically and morphologically. While Penidiella produces penicillate branched conidiophores, those of Penidiellopsis are mostly unbranched, although its conidial chains exhibit a continuous bi- or trifurcating elongation pattern (Crous et al. 2007a). The monotypic genus Xenopenidiella exhibits also similar morphological features, however, is genetically distinct and produces dimorphic conidiophores with loosely branched apices (Quaedvlieg et al. 2014). Our phylogenetic results showed that Ps. radicularis is closely related to Pa. aggregata and Pa. drakensbergensis, two species not included in Penidiella s.str. (sensu Quaedvlieg et al. 2014) (for phylogenetic tree, see MycoBank). However, the new genus Penidiellopsis is genetically well-delimited, and also differs from the latter two species by its shorter ramoconidia (vs 8–15 μm and 10–15 μm long in Pa. aggregata and Pa. drakensbergensis, respectively) and its wider, aseptate intermediate and terminal conidia. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hit using the ITS sequence is Pa. aggre gata CBS 128772 (GenBank JF499842; Identities= 466/508 (92 %), Gaps = 11/508 (2 %)), followed by Pa. drakensbergen sis CPC 19778 (GenBank NR_111821; Identities = 469/519 (90 %), Gaps = 23/519 (4 %)) and Teratosphaeria agapanthi CBS 129064 (GenBank JF770456; Identities = 435/509 (89 %), Gaps= 18/509 (3 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence were to Pa. aggregata CBS 128772 (GenBank JF499862; Identities = 539/551 (98 %), Gaps = 0/551 (0 %)), Pa. drakensberg ensis CPC 19778 (GenBank KC005792; Identities = 536/551 (97 %), Gaps = 0/551 (0 %)) and Teratosphaeria macowanii CPC 1872 (GenBank EU019254; Identities = 534/551 (97 %), Gaps = 0/551 (0 %)). Colour illustrations. USA, South Carolina, view of the Gervais Street Bridge (image credit: Wikimedia commons); conidiophores, conidiogenous cell bearing conidia in branched chains. Scale bars = 5 µm. Marcelo Sandoval-Denis, Josepa Gené & Josep Guarro, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain; e-mail: msandovaldenis@gmail.com, josepa.gene@urv.cat & josep.guarro@urv.cat. Deanna A. Sutton & Nathan P. Wiederhold, Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, USA; e-mail: suttond@uthscsa.edu & wiederholdn@uthscsa.edu © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 440 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Ganoderma ecuadoriense 441 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 461 – 4 July 2016 Ganoderma ecuadoriense W.A. Salazar, C.W. Barnes & Ordóñez, sp. nov. Etymology. Name reflects the geographical origin from which the fungus was collected. Classiﬁcation — Ganodermataceae, Polyporales, Agarico mycetes. Basidiomata annual, flabelliform, pileate, pileus 21.6 × 21.8 mm, surface glabrous, woody, reddish brown, laccate, upper surface covered by cinnamon coloured powder of deposited basidiospores. Basidiospore surface smooth, white when fresh and dark brown when dry, pores 5–7 per mm, round, thick walls. Stipe missing from sample, but lateral. Hyphal system dimitic, skeletal hyphae yellow to pale brown, 3.5–5.5 μm wide, end in ramiﬁcations, generative hyphae thin-walled, hyaline to pale yellow, 1–2.5 μm wide. Hyphae faintly amyloid when dispersed and slightly dextrinoid when in masses with Melzer. Cuticule cells club-like, slight amyloid reaction to 5 % KOH and Melzer. Resin deposits between the trama and cuticle. Basidia not observed. Basidiospores hyaline to pale yellow, truncated, 8–10.5 × 4.5–7 μm, no reaction to 5 % KOH or Melzer. Notes — Morphological identiﬁcation using the Neotropical Polyporaceae key (Ryvarden 2004), revealed G. ecuadoriense to be very similar to G. perzonatum. However, based on a Blastn ITS sequence comparison, after trimming the 18S and 28S sequences (Schoch et al. 2014), the highest similarities were obtained with G. orbiforme from Brazil, and G. cupreum, G. mastoporum and G. fornicatum from China. The sequence of Ganoderma sp. VPB202 from Brazil is actually identical, but has a low query score due to the discrepancy in sequence length, missing roughly 25 bases at the 3’ end of ITS2. There were seven consistent differences, three in ITS1 and four in ITS2, between G. ecuadoriense, collected in the North-western Amazon basin in Ecuador, and G. orbiforme, collected in the South-eastern Amazon in Brazil. Twenty sequences, 16 for G. ecuadoriense and four for G. orbiforme were used in the DNA alignment analysis. The Ganoderma sp. VPB202 sequence suggests G. ecuadoriense occurs throughout the Amazon basin, but due to the missing bases of the ITS2 sequence, this is somewhat speculative. Typus. ecuador, Orellana Province, Yasuní Research Station, on decaying wood, Mar. 2013, A. Salazar (holotype QCAM3430, ITS sequence GenBank KU128524, LSU sequence GenBank KX228350, TreeBASE Submission ID 18454, MycoBank MB816866). G . perzonatum S P 445984 B R A G . perzonatum S P 445985 B R A G . cupreum G anoTK 7 C MR 83 G . orbiforme UR M83335 B R A G . orbiforme UR M83336 B R A 92 100 G . orbiforme UR M83334 B R A G anoderma sp. VP B 202 B R A 92 G . ecuadoriens e P oly-2-4 E C U (t G . ecuadoriens e AS L 799 E C U (type) G . ecuadoriens e P MC 126 E C U 79 G . fornicatum TNMF 0009926 C HN G . cupreum HMAS 130804 C HN Phylogenetic analysis was done using the Maximum Likelihood plugin PHYML in Geneious v. 7.1 (http://www.geneious.com, Kearse et al. 2012), and the substitution model HKY85 determined by jModelTest (Posada 2008) according to Corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc). One hundred bootstrap replicates were used. Included in the analysis were representative species found in the Blastn search, plus G. perzonatum sequences because of its morphological similarity. Sample nomenclature: species name, isolate number, three letter United Nations country code: AUS = Australia, BRA = Brazil, CHN = China, CMR = Camaroon, ECU = Ecuador and MYS = Malaysia. G . mastoporum TNMF 0018835 C HN 91 G . mastoporum TNMF 0018783 C HN G . cupreum HMAS 99399 C HN G . fornicatum B C R C 35374 C HN 69 G . cupreum DF P 4336 AUS G . fornicatum TNMF 0010592 C HN G . mastoporum F R IM98 MY S G . cupreum DF P 3896 AUS 0.02 Colour illustrations. Ecuador, Yasuni National Park rain forest; basidiocarps, skeletal and generative hyphae, basidiospores. Scale bars = 10 µm. Washington A. Salazar, Maria E. Ordóñez, & Cristina Toapanta, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontiﬁcia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador; e-mail: andres_salazar89@hotmail.com, meordonez@puce.edu.ec & ceta_333@hotmail.com Charles W. Barnes, Instituto Nacional Autónomo de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, Panamericana Sur Km 1, Sector Cutuglahua, Pichincha, Ecuador; e-mail: cbarnes333b@gmail.com Paul Gamboa, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Medicina, Carrera de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Av. América, Quito, Ecuador; e-mail: paulgamboativi@hotmail.com © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 442 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Blastobotrys meliponae 443 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 462 – 4 July 2016 Blastobotrys meliponae R.N. Barbosa, Boekhout, G.A. Silva, Souza-Motta & N. Oliveira, sp. nov. Etymology. me.li,po’nae. N.L. gen. n. meliponae, of the bee genus Meli pona. Classiﬁcation — Trichomonascaceae, Saccharomycetales, Saccharomycetes. Hyphae thin, 1–1.5 µm wide, septate, branched, hyaline. Chla mydospores globose or subglobose, terminal or intercalary, up to 5.5 µm diam. Conidiophores erect, sympodially branched, 130–260 µm long or more, 2.0–2.6 µm wide, simple or branched, tapering upwards, producing 1–2 joint conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells are discrete, shortly pedicellate, globose to subglobose, (1.6–)2.5–3(–4) µm, with one seta. The conidiogenous cells separate easily from the conidiophores and are densely covered with conidia (up to 15 conidia, but mostly 6–13). Setae straight, sometimes slightly curved, narrowing towards the apex, 1-septate, not deciduous, 55–124 µm long or more (260 µm after 18 d of growth). Conidia holoblastic, globose, smooth, sessile, 1–1.5 (can be up to 2) µm diam; may form directly on 1–2 µm diam hyphae and below the tip of conidiophores. In yeast-like colonies, growth with budding observed on hyphae. Glucose, galactose and sucrose are fermented, and maltose, rafﬁnose and xylose are not fermented. L-Arabinose, D-xylose, acetate, glucuronate, erythritol, D-galactose, D-glucose, lactose, D-maltose, L-sorbose and L-rhamnose are assimilated. D-glucosamine, glycerol, rafﬁnose, and mellibiose are not assimilated. Nitrate and citrate are not assimilated. Does not hydrolyse urea. Culture characteristics — Colonies on 5 % malt extract agar (5 % ME) at 25 °C grow slowly, white with irregular margins, delicately downy, cerebriform, opaque, with light brownish reverse; 8 mm after 7 d. Colonies on yeast malt agar (YM) similar to those on 5 % ME but with light yellowish reverse; 11 mm in 7 d. Colonies on restricted growth agar (RG) similar to those on 5 % ME, but differ by plane colonies, and a colourless reverse; 5 mm in 7 d. Colonies at 27 °C, 28 °C, 30 °C and 37 °C were similar to colonies at 25 °C. At 10 °C no growth was observed. Notes — Based on phylogenetic analyses using only sequences of the D1/D2 domains, the three isolates formed a clade with B. proliferans, but the sequences showed only 91 % identity with the LSU sequences of that species in a BLASTn analysis, indicating that these isolates represented a new yeast species of Blastobotrys. Members of Blastobotrys with a high similarity of the LSU rDNA D1/D2 domains to the new species were: B. attinorum (GenBank GU373758; 92 %), B. pro liferans (GenBank EF584541; 91 %) and B. nivea (GenBank DQ442690; 90 %). Blastobotrys meliponae differs from B. nivea in having sympodially branched conidiophores, lacking budding cells and chlamydospores, but with lateral conidia forming directly on the hyphae. The species can be distinguished from B. aristata by the size of the conidiogenous cells (3–8 × 4.5–9 µm), conidiophore branching, number and size (100 µm) of setae, absence of lateral conidia formed directly on the hyphae, absence of chlamydospores and growth at 37 °C. Blastobotrys proliferans has a different branching of the conidiophores, conidiogenous cell size (3–4.5 × 4.5–7 µm), setae with a spathulate apex in older cultures and presence of distinct refraction bodies in the conidiogenous cells. Typus. brazil, Recife, Pernambuco, isolated from honey of the bee Meli pona scutellaris collected in Atlantic Forest (S8°7'30" W34°52'30") (metabolically inactive culture, holotype URM 7224, isotype CBS 14100, ITS sequences GenBank KT448719, KT448720, KT448721, LSU sequences GenBank KR779215, KR779216, KR779217, MycoBank MB812601). Colour illustrations. Bees and pot honey in the nest of Melipona scutel laris; chlamydospores, hyaline conidia on hyphae and conidiophores on YM agar for 7 d at 28 °C. Scale bars = 10 µm. Renan N. Barbosa, Gladstone A. Silva & Neiva T. Oliveira, Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; e-mail: renan.rnb@gmail.com, gladstonesilva@yahoo.com, netinti@hotmail.com Cristina M. Souza-Motta, URM Culture Collection, Recife, Brazil; e-mail: cristina.motta@ufpe.br, Teun Boekhout, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre; Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: t.boekhout@cbs.knaw.nl © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 444 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Russula intervenosa 445 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 463 – 4 July 2016 Russula intervenosa S. Paloi, A.K. Dutta & K. Acharya, sp. nov. Etymology. ‘Intervenosa’ is the Latin transliteration of ‘intervenose’, referring to the pattern of lamellae. Classiﬁcation — Russulaceae, Russulales, Agaricomycetes. Pileus 26–49 mm diam, convex to broadly convex when young, becoming infundibuliform to applanate with a central depression in age, surface smooth when young, becoming cracked at maturity, semi moist, dark red (10C8) to brownish red (10D8) at center, pastel red (10A5) to dull red (10B4) towards margin, unchanging with NH4OH and FeSO4, pale orange (5A3) to light orange (5A4) with KOH, red (9B8) to brownish red (9C8) with sulfovanillin (SV), red (9A7) with guaiacol; margin translucent striate; context very thin (< 1 mm), white (1A1), no colour change when exposed, turns whitish yellow (8A2) to pale yellow (8A3) with FeSO4, reddish brown (9D8) with SV. Lamellae adnexed, 4–5 mm broad, regular, with intervenose to reticulate like appearance, lamellulae none, dull yellow (3B3), edge even, concolorous, light yellow (4A4) to yellowish orange (4A6) with FeSO4, pale yellow (3A3) with KOH, reddish brown (9D-E8) with SV, light brown (5D4) to yellowish brown (5E4) with 10 % phenol. Stipe central, 8 –15 × 4 – 6 mm, tapered toward the base, smooth, semi moist, greyish red (10C5) to brownish red (10D6), white (1A1) towards extreme base, unchanging on brushing, light brown (7D7) to brown (7E7) with 10 % phenol and SV, red (9A6) to brownish red (9C7) with guaiacol; context hollow, white (1A1), unchanging after brushing. Odour and taste mild. Spore print cream. Basidiospores (6.5–)7–7.5 –8.0(–9) × (6–)6.5– 6.7–7(–7.5) µm, Q = 1.07–1.12 –1.19, subglobose, hyaline, ornamentation amyloid, composed of high (0.6–0.9 µm) and low (0.1–0.4 µm) ridges with irregularly interrupted margin that are aligned or connected to give nearly complete or partial reticulum to reticulate-winged fashion; suprahilar plage amyloid, up to 2 µm long. Basidia (28–)30–40(–43) × 10.5–12(–14) µm, 4-spored, clavate to subclavate, thin-walled, oil droplets present when viewed with KOH; sterigmata 3.5–4.5 × 1 µm. Subhymenium pseudoparenchymatous. Lamellar trama composed of sphaerocytes and hyphal cells, sphaerocytes measuring c. 22–39 × 18–29 µm. Hymenial cystidia c. (26–) 32–39(–43) × (4.5–)5.5–7(–9) µm near gill edge, cylindrical with pointed towards apex, ﬁlled with cytoplasmic contents; on gill sides c. 29–34(–39) × 10–12.5(–14.5) µm, appendiculate to fusiform, thin-walled, oil droplets present when viewed with KOH. Pileipellis orthochromatic in cresyl blue, sharply delimited from the underlying sphaerocytes of the context, distinctly divided into a 43–50 µm deep subpellis composed of loosely arranged, less gelatinized, measuring 2.5–4.5 µm diam, hyaline, thin-walled hyphae and less gelatinized, c. 47– 64 µm deep suprapellis composed of interwoven, measuring c. 36–64 × 2.5–4 µm, erect to suberect, thin-walled, hyaline hyphae of subulate to pointed hyphal apex and up to ﬁve round cells, Colour illustrations. India, West Bengal, vegetation cover of the collection site (background). Left column: ﬁeld photograph of the basidiocarp, fresh basidiocarp showing lamellae, basidia, SEM microphotograph of the basidiospores; right column: cheilocystidia, pleurocystidia (all from holotype). Scale bars = 10 mm (basidiocarps), 20 µm (microscopic structures), 1 µm (basidiospore). measuring 39–47 × 2.5–4.5 µm at base; pileocystidia absent. Stipitipellis up to 42–51 µm thick, composed of loosely arranged subulate hyphae with pointed apex, up to 2.5–4.5 µm broad, often branched, hyaline, thin-walled and caulocystidia measuring 26–32 × 5.5–6.5 µm, subcylindrical to subclavate to with pointed to moniliform apex, ﬁlled with cytoplasmic contents. Stipe trama composed of sphaerocytes. Typus. india, West Bengal, Paschim Midnapur, Lodhasuli forest, ectomycorrhizal with Shorea robusta (Dipterocarpaceae), 13 July 2014, S. Paloi (holotype CAL-1272, ITS sequence GenBank KT824241, LSU sequence GenBank KU928135, MycoBank MB814593). Notes — The combination of macro- and micromorphological characters undoubtedly place R. intervenosa in the subgenus Amoenula (Sarnari 1998, Das & Sharma 2005). Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequence had highest similarity with R. violeipes (GenBank KF361797; Identities 512/548 (93 %), Gaps = 12/548 (2 %)) and R. ma riae (GenBank EU819426; Identities 481/529 (91 %), Gaps = 15/529 (2 %)). However, R. violeipes differs from the newly described species by its more variegated pileus colours, much longer stipe (up to 70 mm) and differently sized basidiospores (6–8 × 6.5–9 µm; Quélet 1898). Russula mariae has a more fleshy pileus with wider cap (up to 5 mm), with flushed pink or purplish surface that does not react with SV and slowly turns blue green with guaia (Peck 1872, Bills & Miller 1984). (MycoBank supplementary data.) Considering the overall size and ornamentation of the basidiospores and nature of pileipellis, our species is related to R. amoena and R. amoenicolor. However, R. amoena, the type species of the subgenus, can be distinguished from the present species in having a pileus coloured shades of purple or violet with velvety cuticle, context that turns violet with phenol, much longer and pruinose stipe (up to 50 mm), dichotomous split of lamellae, presence of a sweetish taste and fragrance like fruit (Quélet 1880, Romagnesi 1967, Sarnari 1998). Russula amoe nicolor, originally described from Europe, has much larger (up to 80 mm diam) and velvety pileus coloured purplish brown or purple, and much longer stipe (up to 70 mm; Romagnesi 1967). Among the New Zealand taxa, species with similar shape, colouration of pileus with smaller stipe: R. miniata differs by the presence of white coloured lamellae, larger basidiospores (9.5–11.5 × 8–10 µm), absence of caulocystidia and habitat under Nothofagus sp.; R. pudorina has a white coloured spore print, larger basidiospores (8–10.5 × 7–9 µm), bitter taste and habitat under Leptospermum spp. (McNabb 1973). Within the same subgenus Amoenula, previous described species from the moist deciduous to mixed subtropical forests of India include R. mukteshwarica. But, R. mukteshwarica is more robust (6.5–13 cm) and has a purple coloured pileus with light to brilliant or very greenish yellow centre, white coloured spore print and basidiospores are somewhat larger (7.5–9.5 × 7.5–8 µm; Das et al. 2005). Soumitra Paloi, Arun Kumar Dutta & Krishnendu Acharya, Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal, India; e-mail: soumitrabotany@gmail.com, arun.botany@gmail.com & krish_paper@yahoo.com © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 446 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Crinipellis odorata 447 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 464 – 4 July 2016 Crinipellis odorata K.P.D. Latha & Manim., sp. nov. Etymology. The name refers to the odoriferous basidiomata of this species. Classiﬁcation — Marasmiaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomy cetes. Basidiomata small to medium-sized, marasmioid, often in dense tufts. Pileus 6 – 31 mm diam, truncately conical or conicoconvex with a small central depression when very young, becoming campanulate to broadly campanulate, still with a small central depression; surface dark brown (8F4, 8F5/ OAC635) or reddish brown (8F7/OAC636) at the centre and on the squamules and brownish orange (6C5/OAC652) or light brown (6D5/OAC659) elsewhere, not hygrophanous, not striate, appressed- to slightly recurved-squamulose all over; margin initially incurved, becoming decurved to almost reflexed with age, ﬁnely appendiculate, crenate or somewhat wavy. Lamellae adnexed, crowded, yellowish white (4A2/OAC815) when very young, becoming greyish yellow (4B4/OAC806), up to 2 mm wide, with lamellulae of 3 lengths; edge crenate, concolorous with the sides. Stipe 39–120 × 2–4 mm, central, terete, or slightly compressed, tapering towards the base, hollow, slightly flexuous towards the base, insititious; surface concolorous with the pileus, appressed- to slightly recurvedsquamulose all over, densely so towards the apex; base deeply rooted. Rhizomorphs absent. Context up to 2 mm thick, yellowish brown. Odour strong, unpleasant. Taste not distinctive. Basidiospores 5–8 × 5–7 (6.5 ± 0.77 × 5.9 ± 0.61) µm, Q = 0.86–1.3, Qm = 1.11, subglobose to almost globose, smooth, thin-walled, inamyloid. Basidia 23–33 × 6–9 µm, sparse clavate, hyaline, thin-walled, 4-spored; sterigmata up to 4 µm long. Basidioles 28 – 48 × 6 –12 µm, abundant, fusoid or clavate, thin-walled, hyaline. Lamella edge sterile with copious cheilocystidia. Cheilocystidia 22–65 × 7–19 µm, versiform: oblong, clavate, cylindrical, cylindrical with a median constriction, flexuous, nodulose-diverticulate, sometimes capitate, thin- to slightly thick-walled, hyaline or pale yellow. Pleurocystidia absent. Lamellar trama subregular; hyphae 3 –12 µm wide, thin-walled, hyaline or pale yellow, inamyloid. Pileus trama subregular to interwoven; hyphae 6–15 µm wide, thick-walled (up to 2 µm thick), with a pale yellow wall pigment, dextrinoid. Pileipellis composed of tufts of fasciculate hairs arising from a hypotrichium; hypotrichial hyphae 8–18 µm wide, thick-walled (up to 1.5 µm thick), with pale yellow wall and dense, spiral encrusting pigments; pileal hairs 500–1200 × 5–7.5 µm or more, unbranched, cylindrical or sinuous-cylindrical with an obtuse apex, thick-walled (up to 2 µm thick), with a yellowish brown wall pigment, dextrinoid, yellowish brown in KOH. Stipitipellis composed of clusters of hairs arising from a hypotrichium with flairing-out cystidioid terminal cells; hypotrichial hyphae 3–7 µm wide, thick-walled (up to 1 µm thick), with pale yellow wall and minutely, encrusting pigments; stipitipellis hairs 47.5–452.5 × 7.5–12.5 µm, sinuous-cylindrical, thick-walled (up to 3 µm thick), with a pale brown or yellowish brown wall pigment, dextrinoid, pale yellowish brown in KOH; terminal cells cystidioid 32–95 × 10–16 µm, clavate, cylindrical-clavate or irregular in outline, Colour illustrations. India, Kerala State, Wayanad District, Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, type locality; basidiomata, basidiospores, cheilocystidia, terminal elements of stipitipellis. Scale bars = 10 mm (basidiomata), 10 µm (microscopic structures). dextrinoid, thick-walled (up to 2 µm thick), with a pale yellowish brown wall pigment. Caulocystidia absent. Clampconnections observed on all hyphae except at the base of basidia. Habit, Habitat & Distribution — In dense caespitose clusters or in small groups, attached to the bark at the base of a living Mytragyna parviflora tree as well as deeply rooted in the nearby soil. Known only from the type locality in Kerala State, India. Typus. india, Kerala State, Wayanad District, Tholpetty, Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, 6 July 2013, K.P. Deepna Latha (holotype CAL 1240, ITS sequence GenBank KT952521, MycoBank MB814919). Notes — Characters such as a brown pileus not reacting with KOH, a long, central stipe, long, thick-walled, dextrinoid hairs on both the pileipellis and the stipitipellis and subglobose basidiospores indicate that the present species belongs to Crinipellis sect. Crinipellis subsect. Macrosphaerigerae (Singer 1976, 1986). The key to the species of Crinipellis by Singer (1953) leads C. odorata into C. macrosphaerigera, a Brazilian species, as both species have somewhat similar pileus surfaces, adnexed lamellae, subglobose basidiospores, versiform cheilocystidia and association with living trees. However, C. macrosphaerigera has smaller basidiomata with a strawcoloured pileus and stipe, distant lamellae, larger basidiospores (12.5–14 × 9.5–11.5 µm), a heterogeneous lamella edge and an indistinct odour. Crinipellis podocarpi, a species originally described from Argentina (Singer 1976) and subsequently from Mexico (Bandala et al. 2012) and belonging to sect. Crinipellis of subsect. Stipitarinae, seems to be somewhat close to C. odorata in having basidiospores of almost similar size and shape. However, C. podocarpi differs in all other macro- and microscopic characters. Comparison of the ITS sequence (CAL 1240: 754 bp) generated from C. odorata with the nucleotide sequences of taxa available in GenBank suggest that C. odorata has a distinct ITS sequence. In a megablast search of the GenBank database using ITS sequence of the species, the closest hit was C. floccosa (GenBank KJ698642; Identities = 685/762 (90 %), Gaps = 32/762 (4 %)) followed by C. zonata (GenBank FJ167659; Identities = 662/741 (89 %), Gaps = 35/741 (4 %)). Crinipellis floccosa, a species recently described from China (Xia et al. 2015), shares a few features such as a reddish brown, squamulose pileus, somewhat similarly-coloured lamellae, similar-sized basidiospores ((5.5–)6–8 × 4–4.5(–5)), somewhat similar-sized cheilocystidia, the absence of pleurocystidia and a similar pileipellis structure with C. odorata. Crinipellis floccosa is distinguished, however, by its smaller basidiomata, free lamellae with a denticulate margin, a differently-coloured, equal, tomentose-pilose stipe, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid or somewhat amygdaliform basidiospores, scattered cheilocystidia, the hairs of both the pileus and stipe exhibit greenish yellow in KOH and a non-distinctive odour. Crinipellis zonata, a species reported from North America (Redhead 1989), Europe (Antonín & Noordeloos 1997, 2010) and the Republic of Korea (Antonín et al. 2009), has similar looking basidiomata with almost similar colour, crowded lamellae, somewhat similar morphology of cheilocystidia, lamellae devoid of pleurocystidia, similar pileipellis and stipitipellis structure and clamped hyphae. However, C. zonata has smaller basidiomata, a tomentose pileus with an inflexed margin, differently attached, pale cream lamellae, a hairy stipe, much narrower (3–4 μm) and cylindrical-ellipsoid basidiospores, smaller pileipellis hairs and an indistinct odour. (MycoBank supplementary data.) K.P. Deepna Latha & Patinjareveettil Manimohan, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala, 673 635, India; e-mail: pmanimohan@gmail.com & deepnalathakp@gmail.com © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 448 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Corynascus citrinus 449 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 465 – 4 July 2016 Corynascus citrinus Giraldo & Crous, sp. nov. Etymology. From Latin citrinus, citrine or lemon-yellow, referring to the yellow pigment produced in vitro. Classiﬁcation — Chaetomiaceae, Sordariales, Sordariomy cetes. Ascomata cleistothecial, submerged or embedded in the aerial mycelium, spherical, brown, 44–83 μm diam, surface of textura epidermoidea, striated. Paraphyses absent. Asci evanescent, subglobose, unitunicate, thin-walled. Ascospores unicellular, broadly fusiform, thick- and smooth-walled, with germ pores at both ends, 9–12 × 6–8 μm, hyaline becoming brown when mature. Conidiophores absent or poorly differentiated. Conidia growing directly on undifferentiated hyphae, lateral, sessile, occasionally on short stalk, globose, 5–7 μm diam, hyaline, thick-walled, tuberculate. Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA reaching 41–42 mm diam after 21 d at 25 °C, surface straw at centre and fuscous black at periphery, reverse fuscous black (Rayner 1970), flat, floccose. On OA and MEA attaining 54–55 and 55–56 mm diam, respectively after 21 d at 25 °C, surface straw, flat, granulose. Diffusible pure yellow pigment in all media tested. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree based on partial sequences of ITS, tef1 and rpb2 regions from reference and type strains of Corynascus species. The alignment included 1 604 bp and was generated with ClustalW under MEGA v. 6.06 (Tamura et al. 2013). Tamura-Nei with Gamma distribution was used as the best nucleotide substitution model. Myceliophthora lutea (Chaetomiaceae, Sordariales) was used as outgroup taxon. The new species is highlighted in bold face. Bootstrap support values above 70 % are shown at the nodes. T Ex-type strain. Accession numbers of ITS, tef1 and rpb2 sequences retrieved from GenBank are in parentheses. Typus. thailand, Nakhon Nayok province, Mueang Nakhon Nayok district, Wang Takhrai waterfall, N14.330023° E101.307168°, 64 m above sea level, from soil, 22 July 2015, A. Giraldo (holotype metabolically inactive culture BCC 79098, ITS sequence GenBank KX262667, LSU sequence GenBank KX228351.1, rpb2 sequence GenBank KX262668, tef1 sequence GenBank KX262669, MycoBank MB816971). Notes — The genus Corynascus (Chaetomiaceae, Sordari ales), previously considered as synonym of Myceliophthora (Van den Brink et al. 2012), was recently resurrected by MarinFelix et al. (2015). Currently, Corynascus contains ﬁve species apart from C. citrinus, which are commonly isolated from soil and characterised by their mesophilic habitat, ascomata cleistothecial of textura epidermoidea, ascospores with a germ pore at each end, and a myceliophthora-like asexual morph (Guarro et al. 2012). Corynascus citrinus is phylogenetically closely related to C. sexualis and C. fumimontanus but can be morphologically distinguished from the former species by the presence of the asexual morph in culture, and from the latter species by its smaller ascomata (50 –110 μm), ascospores (13–17 × 7–9 μm) and conidia (6–10 μm) (Marin-Felix et al. 2015). Corynascus verrucosus CBS 135878 (LK932695, LK932718, LK932734) 100 Corynascus verrucosus CBS 137791 (LK932699, LK932717, LK932732) Corynascus verrucosus IMI 378522T (AJ224203, LK932723, LK932726) Corynascus sepedonium CBS 632.67 (HQ871759, HQ871744, HQ871830) 99 Corynascus sepedonium IMI 378521 (AJ224201, LK932715, LK932730) 98 Corynascus sepedonium CBS 111.69T (HQ871751, HQ871734, HQ871827) 100 100 Corynascus novoguineensis NBRC 9556 (LK932698, LK932716, LK932731) Corynascus novoguineensis CBS 359.72T (HQ871762, HQ871733, HQ871838) 4x Corynascus citrinus BCC 79098T 88 Corynascus sexualis IMI 378520T (AJ224202, LK932714, LK932729) Corynascus fumimontanus CBS 137294T (LK932694, LK932719, LK932733) Myceliophthora lutea MUCL 10071 (LK932702, LK932711, LK932725) Myceliophthora lutea MUCL 10070 (LK932701, LK932710, LK932724) 0.005 Colour illustrations. Thailand, Wang Takhrai waterfall, Mueang Nakhon Nayok district, Nakhon Nayok province (photo: A. Giraldo); colony on PDA after 21 d at 25 °C, ascoma with asci, detail of the peridium wall, immature and mature ascospores, conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Alejandra Giraldo & Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: a.giraldo@cbs.knaw.nl & p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl J. Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Microbe Interaction Laboratory, BIOTEC, Thailand Science Park, Khlong Nueng, Klong Luang Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; jajen@biotec.or.th © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 450 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Brunneocarpos banksiae 451 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 466 – 4 July 2016 Brunneocarpos Giraldo & Crous, gen. nov. Etymology. Brunneus (Latin) = brown, and carpos (Greek) = fruit. Classiﬁcation — Mycocaliciaceae, Mycocaliciales, Eurotio mycetes. Ascomata apothecial, stipitate, growing intermingled among the floral bracts on Banksia cones. Stipe straight or flexuous, mostly branched. Capitulum brown, globose to subglobose. Para physes not observed. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical, unitunicate. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoidal to slightly fusiform, clavate, 1-celled, brown, smooth-walled. Mycelium consisting of septate, hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled hyphae. Asexual morph producing dictyochlamydospores in chains, subhyaline, thickwalled, lateral or terminal. Type species. Brunneocarpos banksiae Giraldo & Crous. MycoBank MB816972. Brunneocarpos banksiae Giraldo & Crous, sp. nov. Etymology. Name reflects the host genus Banksia, from which the species was isolated. Ascomata apothecial, stipitate, growing intermingled among the floral bracts on Banksia attenuata cones. Stipe dark brown, shiny, flexuous, mostly branched two or three times at the apex, 1–2 mm long, 50–85 µm wide. Capitulum dark brown, globose to subglobose with a funnel-shaped base, covered by hyaline mycelium when older, 150–285 × 125–206 µm. Paraphyses not observed. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical, unitunicate, 30–34 × 4–5 µm. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoidal to slightly fusiform, clavate, 1-celled, brown, thick- and smooth-walled, 4.5–7 × 2–3.5 µm. Mycelium consisting of septate, hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled hyphae, 1.5–2 µm diam. Conidiophores absent or poorly differentiated. Dictyochlamydospores in chains, sessile or with short subconical stalk, subhyaline to pale brown, thickand smooth-walled, lateral or terminal, 26 –60 µm long. Culture characteristics — Colonies on MEA reaching 3–3.3 cm diam after 2 mo at 25 °C, vinaceous buff (Rayner 1970), depressed at centre, floccose. Typus. australia, Western Australia, S34°22'19.4" E118°1'33.6", on Banksia attenuata (Proteaceae), 23 Sept. 2015, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-22633, cultures ex-type CPC 29841 = CBS 141465, ITS sequence GenBank KX262670, LSU sequence GenBank KX228352.1, MycoBank MB816973); CPC 29070, CPC 29072, CPC 29435. Notes — According to LSU and ITS analyses Brunneocar pos banksiae belongs to Mycocaliciaceae (Mycocaliciales) where four genera are currently accepted; Chaenothecopsis, Phaeocalicium, Mycocalicium and Stenocybe. All produce apothecioid ascomata, usually with a tiny stalk and brown ascospores (Tuovila et al. 2011). These genera harbour resiniculous species, growing directly on exudate and/or on exudate-impregnated wood of different hosts, including Acer (Sapin daceae), Mangifera (Anacardiaceae), Khaya (Meliaceae), Abies (Pinaceae), Picea, Tsuga and Tilia (Malvaceae) (Rikkinen 2003, Tuovila et al. 2011) and known species are lignicolous, algicolous or lichenicolous (Tuovila et al. 2014). So far no species from these genera have been reported growing on Banksia, Species growing in axenic culture produce a phialophora-like (Chaenothecopsis shefflerae) or coelomycetous asexual morph (Tibell 1991, Tibell & Vinuesa 2005), and in some cases, a hyphomycetous asexual morph with ramoconidia in acropetal chains (C. haematopus) (Tibell & Constantinescu 1991). This morphological character differs from the new taxon proposed here, which produces a chlamydospore-like asexual morph in culture. Colour illustrations. Australia, Western Australia, cones of Banksia at tenuata (photo: P.W. Crous); stipitated apothecium, detail of the capitulum, asci, ascospores, dictyochlamydospore. Scale bar = 10 µm. Alejandra Giraldo & Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: a.giraldo@cbs.knaw.nl & p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Michael J. Wingﬁeld, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@up.ac.za Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 452 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Cercophora vinosa 453 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 467 – 4 July 2016 Cercophora vinosa A.N. Mill. & J. Fourn., sp. nov. Etymology. The speciﬁc epithet refers to the purple colour in the outermost layer of the ascomal wall. Classiﬁcation — Lasiosphaeriaceae, Sordariales, Sordario mycetes. Ascomata subglobose to broadly obpyriform with a stout conical to hemispherical neck, 420–670 µm diam × 420–650 µm high, erumpent through a thick, felty yellowish grey subiculum spreading widely over the substrate, gregarious to loosely clustered, more rarely in contact; underlying wood discoloured greyish brown or unaltered, not stained purple; subiculum encrusted with sand particles, composed of pale brown, septate hyphae 1.5–3.5 µm wide, thin- to moderately thick-walled; neck papillate, broadly conical to rounded, sometimes undifferentiated, 80 –170 µm high, ostiolate, black, roughened or obscurely sulcate. Ascomatal wall 34–56 µm thick on sides and at base in longitudinal section, slightly thicker at apex, roughened, dark purple gradually turning blackish, pseudoparenchymatous, leathery, 3-layered: outermost layer 10–15 µm thick, present on upper half of ascomata, fugacious, composed of several rows of thin-walled, hyaline, angular cells containing a purple substance that slightly fades in 10 % KOH and dissolves in chloral-lactophenol; middle layer 20–30 µm thick, composed of independent clusters of subcarbonaceous opaque cells, breaking into small angular plaques upon pressure but lacking a network of hyphae connecting the plaques as in cephalothecoid walls; inner layer 14–22 µm thick, composed of flattened, thinwalled subhyaline cells. Ascomatal apex periphysate. Centrum hyaline to yellowish. Paraphyses ﬁliform, 4.5–8 µm wide at base and occasionally slightly moniliform, tapering to 2–2.5 µm wide above asci, hyaline, thin-walled, abundant, septate, unbranched, persistent. Asci unitunicate, cylindrical, 320–380 × 19–23 µm, spore-bearing part fusoid-ventricose, apex rounded, long-stipitate, stipe 100–160 µm long, often slightly sinuous, with eight bi- to triseriate ascospores, apical ring double, refractive, 2.7–3 µm wide × 1–1.2 µm high, inamyloid, staining in blue Waterman ink, subapical globule absent. Ascospores cylindrical, (54.5–)60.5–73.5(–79.5) × (3–)4–6(–7) µm (66.7 × 5 µm), straight to slightly sigmoid, geniculate in lower quarter, hyaline, aseptate, densely guttulate; bipolar appendages (27–)35–56 µm long, lash-like, 3–4 µm wide at base, centrally attached on ascospores ends, readily staining in blue Waterman ink and in aqueous nigrosin, sometimes granular at base, persistent; ascospore becoming differentiated into an apical swollen head and a basal tail while inside the ascus; head ellipsoid, 15.5–19 × 8–9 µm, usually 1-septate, remaining hyaline, rarely pigmented; tail 41–50 × 4–5 µm, obscurely 2–4-septate, hyaline, the lower end swelling upon germination; germinating from upper and lower ends, more rarely laterally before being released. Asexual morph: Hyphae largely undifferentiated, 1.5–5 µm wide, thinwalled, hyaline to pale brown. Conidiogenous cells phialides, commonly produced from pale brown hyphae as single terminal or several lateral phialides, delimited by a basal septum, monophialidic or polyphialidic, cylindrical to obpyriform, 9–18 × 2.5–4 µm at widest part, mostly pale brown, constricted below the collarette, 1–1.5 µm just below the collarette; collarette short, slightly flaring, inconspicuous, same colour as phialide. Conidia subglobose to pyriform, truncate at base, 2.5–4.5 × 1.5–2.5 µm (3.3 × 2.2 µm), hyaline. Culture characteristics — Colonies (of holotype) slow-growing on all media, covering the PDA plates in 8 wk, 25–30 mm diam after 8 wk on the WA and CMA plates, downy to silky on WA and CMA, subfelty on PDA, hyaline on WA, hyaline to greyish yellow (4B3) on CMA, brown (5F8) and becoming greyish red (7B5) at plug on PDA; margin even or wavy, appressed, hyaline on WA and CMA, becoming olive brown (4F8) on PDA; reverse same as the mat. Typus. france, Ariège, Castelnau-Durban, Artillac stream, down-stream from the marble quarry, c. 410 m elev., on decorticated branch of Salix sp., 8 cm diam, partly submerged, 22 July 2014, J. Fournier, JF 14067 (holotype ILLS 79802, cultures ex-type ANM Acc#840-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, deposited in CBS, ITS-LSU sequence GenBank KX171944, beta-tubulin sequence GenBank KX171942, MycoBank MB816935). Other material examined. france, Ariège, Montségur, Le Lasset stream flowing at the village, 880–890 m elev., on submerged decorticated wood of Populus sp., soc. Amniculicola lignicola, 16 Nov. 2014, J. Fournier (JF 14156); Illier, Laramade, Vicdessos stream, 630 m elev., on submerged wood of Fraxinus excelsior, 25 Nov. 2014, J. Fournier (JF 14163); Rimont, Paletès, Peyrau brook, c. 400 m elev., on submerged wood of Alnus glutinosa, 4 Dec. 2014, J. Fournier (JF 14170). Notes — Cercophora vinosa is distinguished by its ascomata that possess a distinct purplish colour in the outermost wall layer, asci with a double ring but lack a subapical globule, long ascospores with lash-like appendages and aquatic habitat. Only two other species of Cercophora are known to have violet-coloured ascomata, C. septentrionalis and C. caerulea. Although these species also possess asci with a double ring but no subapical globule and ascospores with long, lash-like appendages, both have shorter ascospores (38–43 µm and 43–48 µm, respectively) and occur on dung. The ascomata in C. septentrionalis are covered by brown, flexuous hairs, whereas a distinct dark purple to blackish blue subiculum surrounds the ascomata in C. caerulea (Lundqvist 1972). Cercophora vinosa occurs in a well-supported clade with C. solaris in which it shares only a cephalothecoid-like ascomal wall and lack of a subapical globule (Catania et al. 2011). For phylogenetic tree, see MycoBank. Colour illustrations. France, background photo of Artillac stream in the Ariège region of south-western France; ascomata and ascomal section, ascomal wall, ascus, ascospores, phialides, colony on CMA. Scale bars = 100 µm (ascomata and ascomal section), 10 µm (ascomal wall, ascus, ascospores and phialides), 10 mm (colony on CMA plate). (Photos: Jacques Fournier). Andrew N. Miller, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA; e-mail: amiller7@illinois.edu Jacques Fournier, Las Muros, 09420 Rimont, France; e-mail: jacques.fournier@club-internet.fr © 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 454 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016 Uwemyces elaeidis 455 Fungal Planet description sheets Fungal Planet 468 – 4 July 2016 Uwemyces Hern.-Restr., G.A. Sarria & Crous, gen. nov. Etymology. Named for Prof. Uwe Braun, who greatly contributed to our knowledge of dematiaceous hyphomycetous fungi. Classiﬁcation — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothi deomycetes. Mycelium immersed and superﬁcial, hyphae branched, septate, hyaline and brown, smooth-walled. Conidiophores fasciculate, simple, dark brown at the base and subhyaline at the apex. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical, sympodial, polytretic, with dark scars, terminal and intercalary, brown. Conidia straight or curved, cylindrical to obclavate, pale brown to brown, apex subhyaline, verruculose-walled, with a thick, dark brown, truncate scar at the base, septate. Sexual morph unknown. Type species. Uwemyces elaeidis Hern.-Restr., G.A. Sarria & Crous. MycoBank MB816986. Uwemyces elaeidis (Steyaert) Hern.-Restr., G.A. Sarria & Crous, comb. nov. Basionym. Cercospora elaeidis Steyaert, Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 80: 35. 1948; as ‘elaedis’. ≡ Pseudospiropes elaeidis (Steyaert) Deighton, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 85, 4: 739. 1985. Mycelium immersed and superﬁcial, hyphae branched, septate, hyaline and brown, smooth-walled. Conidiophores fasciculate, simple, dark brown at the base and subhyaline at the apex, 96.5–188 × 6–9 µm. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical, sympodial, with dark brown scars, terminal and intercalary, brown, 28 –70 × 5 – 9 µm. Conidia cylindrical to obclavate, straight or curved, pale brown to brown, apex subhyaline, 2–3.5 µm wide, wall verruculose, 82–133 × 6–8.5 µm, 4–8-septate, with a thick, dark brown, truncate scar at the base, 2–3.5 µm wide. Sexual morph unknown. Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA, reaching 10 mm diam after 4 wk at 25 °C in the dark. Convex, cottony, vinaceous buff in the centre and velvety, olivaceous black towards the periphery, margin ﬁmbriate; reverse black. On MEA, reaching 7 mm diam after 4 wk at 25 °C in the dark. Convex with papillate surface, centre vinaceous buff, periphery olivaceous black, margin lobed; reverse black. Specimen examined. coloMbia, Barrancabermeja, CENIPALMA, on leaves of Elaeis oleifera, May 2013, coll. G.A. Sarria (culture CPUwZC-01, ITS sequence GenBank KX228299.1, LSU sequence GenBank KX228356.1, rpb2 sequence GenBank KX228371.1, MycoBank MB816987). Notes — The generic afﬁnity of this species has been recently discussed by Braun et al. (2014). It was excluded from Cercospora and it is not congeneric with Pseudospiropes where it was tentatively placed (Steyaert 1948, Deighton 1985). Our molecular result suggests that Uwemyces elaeidis is related to members of Mycosphaerellaceae, and represents a different genus in this family. This species has wide distribution and seems to be restricted to Elaeis guineensis, Arecaceae (Braun et al. 2014). Unfortunately, it was not possible to propose a formal neotypiﬁcation, since the geographical origin of the specimen examined was not the same as described in the protologue (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kodoro). ITS. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequences are Pseudocercospora cladrastidis (GenBank AB694922; Identities = 463/508 (91 %), Gaps = 22/508 (4 %). GenBank AB694923; Identities = 462/507 (91 %), Gaps = 20/507 (3 %). GenBank AB694921; Identities = 462/507 (91 %), Gaps = 20/507 (3 %)), Cercosporella dolichandrae (GenBank KJ869140; Identities = 496/546 (91 %), Gaps = 12/546 (2 %) and Pseudocercospora ocimicola (GenBank GU214678; Identities = 497/548 (91 %), Gaps = 10/548 (1 %)). LSU. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the LSU sequences are Mycosphaerella swartii (GenBank DQ923536; Identities = 828/860 (96 %), Gaps = 8/860 (0 %)), Mycosphaerella walk eri (GenBank DQ267574; Identities = 828/860 (96 %), Gaps = 8/860 (0 %)) and Acervuloseptoria ziziphicola (GenBank KJ869221; Identities =796 /828 (96 %), Gaps = 8/828 (0 %)). rpb2. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the rpb2 sequences are Pseudocercospora norchiensis (GenBank JQ739865; Identities = 192/229 (84 %), Gaps = 4/229 (1 %), GenBank KF902320; Identities = 200/239 (84 %), Gaps = 4/239 (1 %), GenBank JX902017; Identities = 200/239 (84 %), Gaps = 4/239 (1 %)) and Pseudocercospora atromarginalis (GenBank JX902006; Identities = 205 /245 (84 %), Gaps = 4/245 (1 %)). Colour illustrations. Elaeis oleifera palm tree in CENIPALMA Colombia; leaf spots, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia in natural substrate and in culture. Scale bars = 10 µm. Margarita Hernández-Restrepo & Pedro W. Crous, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. 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