Persoonia 40, 2018: 240 – 393
www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj
RESEARCH ARTICLE
ISSN (Online) 1878-9080
https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2018.40.10
Fungal Planet description sheets: 716 – 784
P.W. Crous1,2, M.J. Wingfield 3, T.I. Burgess 4, G.E.St.J. Hardy 4, J. Gené 5, J. Guarro 5,
I.G. Baseia6, D. García5, L.F.P. Gusmão7, C.M. Souza-Motta8,13, R. Thangavel9,
S. Adamčík10, A. Barili11, C.W. Barnes12, J.D.P. Bezerra13, J.J. Bordallo14, J.F. Cano-Lira5,
R.J.V. de Oliveira13, E. Ercole15, V. Hubka16,17, I. Iturrieta-González 5, A. Kubátová16,
M.P. Martín18, P.-A. Moreau19, A. Morte14, M.E. Ordoñez11, A. Rodríguez14, A.M. Stchigel 5,
A. Vizzini15, J. Abdollahzadeh 20, V.P. Abreu 21, K. Adamčíková 22, G.M.R. Albuquerque 8,
A.V. Alexandrova 23,24, E. Álvarez Duarte37, C. Armstrong-Cho 25, S. Banniza 25, R.N. Barbosa8,
J.-M. Bellanger 26, J.L. Bezerra13, T.S. Cabral 27, M. Caboň10, E. Caicedo11, T. Cantillo7,
A.J. Carnegie 28, L.T. Carmo7, R.F. Castañeda-Ruiz 29, C.R. Clement 30, A. Čmoková17,
L.B. Conceição7, R.H.S.F. Cruz 6, U. Damm 31, B.D.B. da Silva 32, G.A. da Silva13, R.M.F. da
Silva13, A.L.C.M. de A. Santiago13, L.F. de Oliveira34, C.A.F. de Souza13, F. Déniel 33,
B. Dima35, G. Dong 36, J. Edwards38, C.R. Félix 39, J. Fournier 40, T.B. Gibertoni13, K. Hosaka 42,
T. Iturriaga43, M. Jadan44, J.-L. Jany33, Ž. Jurjević 45, M. Kolařík16,17, I. Kušan 44, M.F. Landell 39,
T.R. Leite Cordeiro13, D.X. Lima13, M. Loizides 46, S. Luo36, A.R. Machado13, H. Madrid 47,
O.M.C. Magalhães13, P. Marinho 48, N. Matočec 44, A. Mešić 44, A.N. Miller 43, O.V. Morozova 49,
R.P. Neves13, K. Nonaka50, A. Nováková17, N.H. Oberlies 51, J.R.C. Oliveira-Filho13,
T.G.L. Oliveira13, V. Papp 52, O.L. Pereira 53, G. Perrone 54, S.W. Peterson 55, T.H.G. Pham 24,41,
H.A. Raja51, D.B. Raudabaugh43, J. Řehulka 56, E. Rodríguez-Andrade5, M. Saba 57,
A. Schauflerová 58, R.G. Shivas 59, G. Simonini 60, J.P.Z. Siqueira5, J.O. Sousa 61, V. Stajsic 62,
T. Svetasheva 49,63, Y.P. Tan64, Z. Tkalčec 44, S. Ullah65, P. Valente66, N. Valenzuela-Lopez5,67,
M. Abrinbana 68, D.A. Viana Marques 34, P.T.W. Wong36, V. Xavier de Lima13, J.Z. Groenewald1
Key words
ITS nrDNA barcodes
LSU
new taxa
systematics
Abstract Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia,
Chaetopsina eucalypti on Eucalyptus leaf litter, Colletotrichum cobbittiense from Cordyline stricta × C. australis
hybrid, Cyanodermella banksiae on Banksia ericifolia subsp. macrantha, Discosia macrozamiae on Macrozamia
miquelii, Elsinoë banksiigena on Banksia marginata, Elsinoë elaeocarpi on Elaeocarpus sp., Elsinoë leucopogonis
on Leucopogon sp., Helminthosporium livistonae on Livistona australis, Idriellomyces eucalypti (incl. Idriellomyces
gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus obliqua, Lareunionomyces eucalypti on Eucalyptus sp., Myrotheciomyces corymbiae (incl.
Myrotheciomyces gen. nov., Myrotheciomycetaceae fam. nov.), Neolauriomyces eucalypti (incl. Neolauriomyces
gen. nov., Neolauriomycetaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus sp., Nullicamyces eucalypti (incl. Nullicamyces gen. nov.)
on Eucalyptus leaf litter, Oidiodendron eucalypti on Eucalyptus maidenii, Paracladophialophora cyperacearum (incl.
Paracladophialophoraceae fam. nov.) and Periconia cyperacearum on leaves of Cyperaceae, Porodiplodia livi
stonae (incl. Porodiplodia gen. nov., Porodiplodiaceae fam. nov.) on Livistona australis, Sporidesmium melaleucae
(incl. Sporidesmiales ord. nov.) on Melaleuca sp., Teratosphaeria sieberi on Eucalyptus sieberi, Thecaphora aus
traliensis in capsules of a variant of Oxalis exilis. Brazil, Aspergillus serratalhadensis from soil, Diaporthe pseudo
inconspicua from Poincianella pyramidalis, Fomitiporella pertenuis on dead wood, Geastrum magnosporum on
soil, Marquesius aquaticus (incl. Marquesius gen. nov.) from submerged decaying twig and leaves of unidentified
plant, Mastigosporella pigmentata from leaves of Qualea parviflorae, Mucor souzae from soil, Mycocalia aquaphila
on decaying wood from tidal detritus, Preussia citrullina as endophyte from leaves of Citrullus lanatus, Queiroziella
brasiliensis (incl. Queiroziella gen. nov.) as epiphytic yeast on leaves of Portea leptantha, Quixadomyces cearen
sis (incl. Quixadomyces gen. nov.) on decaying bark, Xylophallus clavatus on rotten wood. Canada, Didymella
cari on Carum carvi and Coriandrum sativum. Chile, Araucasphaeria foliorum (incl. Araucasphaeria gen. nov.) on
Araucaria araucana, Aspergillus tumidus from soil, Lomentospora valparaisensis from soil. Colombia, Corynespora
pseudocassiicola on Byrsonima sp., Eucalyptostroma eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus pellita, Neometulocladospori
ella eucalypti (incl. Neometulocladosporiella gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla, Tracylla eucalypti (incl.
Tracyllaceae fam. nov., Tracyllalales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus urophylla. Cyprus, Gyromitra anthracobia (incl.
Gyromitra subg. Pseudoverpa) on burned soil. Czech Republic, Lecanicillium restrictum from the surface of the
wooden barrel, Lecanicillium testudineum from scales of Trachemys scripta elegans. Ecuador, Entoloma yanacolor
and Saproamanita quitensis on soil. France, Lentithecium carbonneanum from submerged decorticated Populus
branch. Hungary, Pleuromyces hungaricus (incl. Pleuromyces gen. nov.) from a large Fagus sylvatica log. Iran,
Zymoseptoria crescenta on Aegilops triuncialis. Malaysia, Ochroconis musicola on Musa sp. Mexico, Cladosporium
michoacanense from soil. New Zealand, Acrodontium metrosideri on Metrosideros excelsa, Polynema podocarpi on
Podocarpus totara, Pseudoarthrographis phlogis (incl. Pseudoarthrographis gen. nov.) on Phlox subulata. Nigeria,
Coprinopsis afrocinerea on soil. Pakistan, Russula mansehraensis on soil under Pinus roxburghii. Russia, Baoran
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
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Fungal Planet description sheets
Abstract (cont.)
241
gia alexandri on soil in deciduous forests with Quercus mongolica. South Africa, Didymocyrtis brachylaenae on
Brachylaena discolor. Spain, Alfaria dactylis from fruit of Phoenix dactylifera, Dothiora infuscans from a blackened
wall, Exophiala nidicola from the nest of an unidentified bird, Matsushimaea monilioides from soil, Terfezia morenoi
on soil. United Arab Emirates, Tirmania honrubiae on soil. USA, Arxotrichum wyomingense (incl. Arxotrichum
gen. nov.) from soil, Hongkongmyces snookiorum from submerged detritus from a fresh water fen, Leratiomyces
tesquorum from soil, Talaromyces tabacinus on leaves of Nicotiana tabacum. Vietnam, Afroboletus vietnamensis
on soil in an evergreen tropical forest, Colletotrichum condaoense from Ipomoea pescaprae. Morphological and
culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided.
Article info Received: 1 March 2018; Accepted: 10 May 2018; Published: 13 July 2018.
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Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht,
The Netherlands;
corresponding author e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl.
Department of Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Forestry and
Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, P. Bag
X20, Pretoria 0028, South Africa.
Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of
Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant
Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain.
Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio
Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira
de Santana, Av. Transnordestina s/n, NovoHorizonte, 44036-900, Feira
de Santana, BA, Brazil.
URM Culture Collection, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife,
Brazil.
Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries,
P.O. Box 2095, Auckland 1140, New Zealand.
Department of Plant Pathology and Mycology, Institute of Forest Ecology
Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen, Akademická 2, SK-949 01 Nitra,
Slovakia.
Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del
Ecuador, Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador.
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, Panamericana Sur Km 1, Sector Cutuglahua, Pichincha,
Ecuador.
Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal
de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología,
Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino,
Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská
2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology
of the CAS, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo
2, 28014 Madrid, Spain.
Université de Lille, Faculté de pharmacie de Lille, EA 4483, F-59000 Lille,
France.
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran.
Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Branch for Woody Plants Biology, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak
Academy of Sciences Zvolen, Akademická 2, SK-949 01 Nitra, Slovakia.
Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Faculty of Biology, 119234,
1, 12 Leninskie Gory Str., Moscow, Russia.
Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center,
Hanoi, Vietnam.
Crop Development Centre / Dept. of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon S7N 5A8, Canada.
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
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CEFE UMR5175, CNRS – Université de Montpellier – Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier – EPHE – INSERM, 1919, route de Mende, F-34293
Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do
Norte, Brazil.
Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level
12, 10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta NSW 2124, Australia.
Inst. de Investigaciones Fundamentales en Agricultura Tropical ‘Alejandro
de Humboldt’, Calle 1 Esq. 2, C.P. 17200, Santiago de Las Vegas, C.
Habana, Cuba.
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, PF 300 154, 02806
Görlitz, Germany.
Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Université de Brest, EA3882 Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et
Ecologie Microbienne, IBSAM, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280,
Plouzané, France.
Universidade de Pernambuco- Campus Serra Talhada, Serra Talhada,
Brazil.
Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Plant Anatomy, Budapest, Hungary.
University of Sydney, Plant Breeding Institute, 107 Cobbitty Rd, Cobbitty
2570, New South Wales, Australia.
Mycology Unit, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Chile, Santiago,
Chile.
Agriculture Victoria, School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia.
Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde – ICBS, Universidade Federal
de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
Las Muros, 09420 Rimont, France.
Saint Petersburg State Forestry University, 194021, 5U Institutsky Str.,
Saint Petersburg, Russia.
National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey,
1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA.
Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077,
USA.
P.O. Box 58499, 3734 Limassol, Cyprus.
Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad
Mayor de Chile, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile.
Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do
Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376,
2 Prof. Popov Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane,
Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina,
Greensboro, USA.
Szent István University, Department of Botany, Budapest, Hungary.
Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR, Via Amendola 122/O,
70126 Bari, Italy.
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
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Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural
Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University
Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
Department of Zoology, Silesian Museum, Nádražní okruh 31, 746 01
Opava, Czech Republic.
Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat campus, Gujrat
50700, Pakistan.
Veterinary clinic Fénix, Velehradská 19, 13000 Prague 3, Czech Republic.
Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba
4350, Queensland, Australia.
Via Bell’Aria 8, I-42121 Reggio nell’Emilia, Italy.
Pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Universidade Federal do Rio
Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Acknowledgements The study of Olga V. Morozova and Tatiana Yu.
Svetasheva was carried out within the framework of an institutional research
project of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS ‘Biodiversity and spatial structure of fungi and myxomycetes communities in natural and anthropogenic
ecosystems’ (АААА-А18-118031290108-6) using equipment of its Core
Facility Center ‘Cell and Molecular Technologies in Plant Science’. Alina
V. Alexandrova acknowledges financial support from the Russian Science
Foundation (project N 14-50-00029).
Daniela de A. Viana Marques acknowledges Universidade de Pernambuco
for financial support. Jan Borovička is thanked for providing the Portuguese
collection of Baorangia emileorum and its ITS and LSU sequences, and Alessia Tatti for sending the Sardinian collections of B. emileorum. Taimy Cantillo,
Luis F.P. Gusmão, Luana T. do Carmo, Lucas B. Conceição, Julieth O. Sousa,
Luiz F. de Oliveira, Renan N. Barbosa, Rhudson H.S.F. Cruz, André L.C.M.
de A. Santiago, Carlos A.F. de Souza, Diogo X. Lima, Rafael J.V. de Oliveira
and Thalline R.L. Cordeiro, Olinto L. Pereira, Rejane M.F. Silva, Rafael J.V.
Oliveira, José L. Bezerra, Gladstone A. Silva Ciro R. Félix, Melissa F. Landell,
Thays G.L. Oliveira, Jadson D.P. Bezerra, Alexandre R. Machado, Cristina M.
Souza-Motta and Oliane M. C. Magalhães, Tatiana B. Gibertoni, Vitor Xavier
de Lima and José R. C. Oliveira-Filho acknowledge financial support and/or
scholarships from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível
Superior (CAPES), the Conselho Nacional do Desenvolvimento Científico e
Tecnológico (CNPq) and the Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia de
Pernambuco (FACEPE); the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de
Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da
Biodiversidade (ICMBio), Parque Memorial Zumbi dos Palmares and Usina
Caeté – Grupo Carlos Lyra and Nordesta AS for suport during field trips.
Maria E. Ordoñez and colleagues acknowledge the Secretaria de Educación
Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del Ecuador (SENESCYT), Arca
de Noé Initiative, and the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, project
N13415 for financial support. Hugo Madrid was partially funded by Comisión
Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT), Chile, project
no. 11140562. Vit Hubka and colleagues express their gratitude to Marek
Kiecoň, Pavel Malík and Tereza Krasnokutská (National Heritage Institute) for
providing information on archaeological research; Hana Rajhelová (Silesian
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Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Avenue, Melbourne 3004,
Victoria, Australia.
Biology and Technologies of Living Systems Department, Tula State Lev
Tolstoy Pedagogical University, 125 Lenin av., 300026 Tula, Russia
Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries,
Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia.
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de
Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do
Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Microbiology Unit, Medical Technology Department, Faculty of Health
Science, University of Antofagasta, Av. Universidad de Antofagasta s/n,
02800 Antofagasta, Chile.
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University,
P.O. Box 165, Urmia, Iran.
University in Opava) and Jitka Koubková (Veterinary Laboratory Labvet) for
providing photo documentation and material for mycological examinations;
Czechoslovak Microscopy Society for support (CSMS scholarship 2016). The
research of V. Hubka was supported by Charles University Research Centre
program No. 204069 and the grant of the Czech Ministry of Health (AZV
17-31269A). Alfredo Vizzini and colleagues thank Jan Holec for administering of the loan of European material from PRM herbarium (Prague, Czech
Republic). Soňa Jančovičová helped with the line drawings. Jozef Šibík and
David Cooper are acknowledged for the support during the field collections
in Colorado (USA) that was financed by the Slovak American Foundation.
The sequencing of samples was funded by the Slovak national project Vega
02/0018/18. Željko Jurjević acknowledges Filomena Epifani and Sammy
Sedky for their excellent technical support. Malka Saba acknowledges the
Higher Education Commission (HEC), Islamabad, Pakistan, for financial
assistance during field trips in Pakistan and the Slovak national project
APVV-15-0210 for sequencing of Russula mansehraensis. The research
of Alena Nováková and Miroslav Kolařík was supported by the Ministry of
Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (grant number LO1509).
Asunción Morte, Juan Julián Bordallo and Antonio Rodríguez were supported
by projects 19484/PI/14 (FEDER and Fundación Séneca - Agencia de Ciencia
y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia, Spain) and CGL2016-78946-R (AEI
and FEDER, UE); they also thank Aurelio Garcia Blanco, Andries Gouws,
Tom de Wet, Ali Hassan and Faisal Abdullab for their observations and assistance with field work. Daniel B. Raudabaugh and colleagues thank the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Department of Conservation
and Natural Resources, Pennsylvania Bureau of State Parks, and Black
Moshannon State Park for research support, the Mycological Society of
America and University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign School of Integrative
Biology for financial support, and Michael Woodley for field support. Cheryl
Armstrong-Cho and Sabine Banniza acknowledge funding and support by
the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture, the Western Grains Research
Foundation, the Herb, Spice and Specialty Agriculture Association and the
Saskatchewan Crop Insurance Corporation. Shuming Luo and colleagues
thank Mui-keng Tan for helpful advice during this study.
The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
243
Mucoromycotina
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycotina, Agaricomycetes
HymenoRussulales chaetales
Phallales
Geastrales
Agaricostilbales
Cystobasidiales
Ustilaginales
Mucorales
Phytophthora moyootj KP004499.1
Mucor zonatus JN206454.1
Mucor moelleri HM849682.1
Mucor luteus HM849685.1
Mucor japonicus JN206446.1
0.93
Mucor fusiformis JN206447.1
Mucor endophyticus JN206448.1
Mucoraceae
0.99
Mucor corticola JN206449.1
0.86
Mucor hiemalis HM849683.1
0.99
Mucor souzae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 742
Mucor merdicola KT960372.1
Mucor irregularis JN206450.1
0.95
Mucor irregularis JX976199.1
Thecaphora thlaspeos EF647754.1
Thecaphora solani EF200062.1
Thecaphora spilanthis DQ832241.1
Thecaphora hennenii EF200039.1
Ustilaginomycotina,
0.89
Glomosporiaceae
Ustilaginomycetes
Thecaphora frezii JX041636.1
Thecaphora capensis EU660478.1
0.99
MG267396
0.99
Thecaphora australiensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 752
MG267397
Cystobasidium minutum AB025996.2
Cystobasidiaceae
Cystobasidium calyptogenae KY107431.1
Pucciniomycotina,
GU566018
Cystobasidiomycetes
EU200783 Queiroziella brasiliensis gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 746 Incertae sedis
KX348021
Kondoa yuccicola AY745727.1
0.86
Kondoa yuccicola KY108165.1
Pucciniomycotina,
Kondoa sorbi KY108162.1
Kondoaceae
Kondoa malvinella KY108159.1
Agaricostilbomycetes
0.85
Kondoa miscanthi KY108160.1
Kondoa subrosea KY108163.1
Geastrum austrominimum KP687529.1
Geastrum floriforme KC581984.1
Geastrum entomophilum KF988490.1
Geastrum ishikawae KX765817.1
Geastraceae
Geastrum schweinitzii KF988568.1
1
Geastrum saccatum KF988558.1
0.91
MG938499 Geastrum magnosporum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 731
MG938497
Clathrus columnatus KF783239.1
Clathraceae
Protubera maracuja KC808514.1
Aseroe arachnoidea KF783236.1
0.90
Xylophallus xylogenus KF783252.1
Xylophallus clavatus sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 754
Phallaceae
Phallus merulinus KF783250.1
0.96
Mutinus albotruncatus KT183493.1
Phallus hadriani KU516107.1
0.91
Phallus impudicus KU516108.1
Fomitiporella sinica KX181326.1
0.85
Fomitiporella inermis KX181347.1
Hymenochaetaceae
0.99
Fomitiporella pertenuis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 730
0.97
Fomitiporella mangrovei MG657325.1
Russula mansehraensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 748
Russula globispora KU928144.1
0.96
Russula nympharum DQ422015.1
Russulaceae
0.99 0.95
Russula maculata KU886597.1
Russula maculata KU928155.1
Mucoromycota
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.1
Overview Mucoromycotina and Basidiomycota phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 57 752 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (118 taxa including outgroup;
862 aligned positions; 551 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families, orders, classes, subdivisions
and phyla are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species
names. The tree was rooted to Phytophthora moyootj (GenBank KP004499.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence
data were available are indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S22745).
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
0.1
Overview Mucoromycotina and Basidiomycota phylogeny (cont.)
Boletaceae
Amanitaceae
Strophariaceae
Tubariaceae
Psathyrellaceae
Nidulariaceae
Marasmiaceae
Psathyrellaceae
Basidiomycota (continued)
Entolomataceae
Agaricomycotina, Agaricomycetes (continued)
Agaricaceae
Agaricales
Boletellus sinapipes KP327668.1
Alessioporus ichnusanus KJ729509.1
Butyriboletus yicibus KT002620.1
Boletus roseoflavus JX290184.1
Boletus roseoflavus JX290190.1
Baorangia alexandri sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 721
Baorangia emileorum MH036171
Baorangia emileorum MH036173
0.87
Octaviania columellifera EF183539.1
Xerocomellus cisalpinus JQ924322.1
Porphyrellus brunneus JX889646.1
Porphyrellus brunneus JX889647.1
Afroboletus vietnamensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 716
Tylopilus alboater AY612832.1
Tylopilus atronicotianus EU685110.1
Tulostoma winterhoffii KU518975.1
0.99
Tulostoma pulchellum KU518954.1
Tulostoma cyclophorum KU518984.1
0.92
Tulostoma kotlabae KU519028.1
Entoloma yanacolor sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 728
Entoloma incanum KY706165.1
0.93
Entoloma sp. KY706185.1
Saproamanita quitensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 749
Amanita inopinata HQ593116.1
Amanita pruittii KM096567.1
0.89
Amanita pruittii KP866160.1
Crassisporium funariophilum KF830085.1
Galerina atkinsoniana DQ457668.1
Galerina marginata DQ457669.1
Phaeomarasmius fulvidulus KF830080.1
Phaeomarasmius fulvidulus KF830087.1
Psilocybe caerulipes KF830084.1
Psilocybe mexicana HM035077.1
Psathyloma catervatim HQ840664.1
Agrocybe pediades DQ110872.1
0.91
Agrocybe smithii DQ110873.1
Pholiota squarrosa MH036180.1
Leratiomyces squamosus MH036179.1
Leratiomyces tesquorum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 737
0.98
Leratiomyces laetissimus MH036178.1
Pleuromyces hungaricus gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 744
Psathyrella silvestris KC992949.1
0.97
Mycocalia aquaphila sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 743
Chaetocalathus liliputianus AF261346.1
Marasmius aurantioferrugineus FJ904945.1
0.97
Marasmius ochroleucus KF896249.1
Marasmius conchiformis KF741998.1
Marasmius bekolacongoli EF160079.1
Marasmius albopurpureus KP127676.1
Marasmius mbalmayoensis EF160087.1
Coprinopsis sclerotiger GQ249286.1
Coprinopsis laanii GQ249285.1
Coprinopsis narcotica FM160729.1
0.81
Coprinopsis semitalis GQ249287.1
0.90
Coprinopsis atramentaria DQ457661.1
Coprinopsis radiata JQ045882.1
Coprinopsis vermiculifer GQ249288.1
Coprinopsis afrocinerea sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 725
Coprinopsis annulopora JX118811.1
Coprinopsis calospora GQ249284.1
Boletales
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
244
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.92
Patellariales
Incertae sedis
Venturiaceae s.lat.
Venturiales
Venturiaceae s.str.
Sympoventuriaceae
Dothioraceae
Dothideales
0.80
Incertae sedis
Incertae sedis
Elsinoaceae
Myriangiales
Candida broadrunensis KY106372.1
Yuccamyces pilosus MG386097.1
Spissiomyces ramosus KF680785.1
Pseudoarthrographis phlogis gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 759
Phaeococcomyces rothmanniae KJ869193.1
Coniosporium apollinis GU250896.1
Coniosporium apollinis GU250901.1
Hysteropatella clavispora AY541493.1
Hysteropatella elliptica KM220948.1
Hysteropatella prostii KT876980.1
Marquesius aquaticus gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 739
Tothia fuscella JF927786.1
Sympodiella acicola KY853530.1
Cylindrosympodium variabile KX228353.1
Venturia chinensis KP689595.1
Venturia lonicerae EU035461.1
Venturia cephalariae EU035451.1
Venturia atriseda EU035448.1
0.85
Venturia inaequalis KC800753.1
Fusicladium mandshuricum EU035433.1
Fusicladium convolvularum EU035428.1
Venturia pyrina EU035469.1
Venturia nashicola EU035465.1
Venturia aucupariae EU035450.1
Venturia crataegi EU035455.1
Fusicladium proteae JN712551.1
0.96 Venturia maculiformis EU035463.1
Fusicladium eucalypticola KX228329.1
Sympoventuria regnans MG386119.1
0.98 Fusicladium africanum EU035423.1
Fusicladium africanum EU035424.1
Sympoventuria melaleucae MG386112.1
0.96
Sympoventuria capensis DQ885906.1
0.98
Sympoventuria capensis KF156104.1
Veronaeopsis simplex EU041877.1
Fusicladium rhodense EU035440.1
Matsushimaea monilioides sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 741
Fusicladium pini EU035436.1
Fusicladium ramoconidii EU035439.1
Ochroconis podocarpi MG386085.1
Ochroconis macrozamiae KJ869180.1
Ochroconis musicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 783
Ochroconis minima KF282667.1
Ochroconis humicola AB564618.1
Ochroconis musae KT272083.1
0.91
Dothiora infuscans sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 727
Dothiora agapanthi KU728537.1
Dothiora oleae KU728549.1
0.99
Dothiora prunorum KU728551.1
Dothiora cactacearum KY929176.1
Dothiora buxi KY511425.1
Endosporium populitremuloidis EU304348.1
Elsinoë banksiigena sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 782
Elsinoë eucalyptigena KY173497.1
Elsinoë elaeocarpi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 772
Elsinoë quercusilicis KX887040.1
Elsinoë eucalyptorum DQ923530.1
Elsinoë othonnae KR476761.1
Sphaceloma krugii JN940375.1
Elsinoë mimosae JN940387.1
Sphaceloma asclepiadis JN940383.1
Sphaceloma bidentis KF421121.1
Elsinoë banksiicola KX886963.1
Elsinoë tectificae KX887055.1
Elsinoë leucopogonis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 781
Elsinoë hederae KX886994.1
Elsinoë lepagei KX887004.1
Elsinoë verbenae JN940391.1
Elsinoë perseae KX887020.1
Sphaceloma erythrinae JN940392.1
Elsinoë eucalypticola GQ303306.1
Elsinoë fawcettii JN940382.1
0.99
Elsinoë pitangae KX887032.1
Elsinoë jasminicola KX886997.1
Elsinoë preissianae KY173498.1
245
Part 2
Part 3
0.1
Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 23 402 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (255 taxa including outgroup;
805 aligned positions; 450 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to
Candida broadrunensis (GenBank KY106372.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated
in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S22745).
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
246
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Part 1
Part 3
0.1
Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny (cont.) – part 2
Cladosporiaceae
Mycosphaerellaceae
Capnodiales
Graphiopsis chlorocephala EU009458.2
Verrucocladosporium dirinae KP671739.1
Verrucocladosporium dirinae EU040244.1
0.99
Toxicocladosporium leucadendri JQ044455.1
Cladosporium cycadicola KJ869179.1
Cladosporium michoacanense sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 722
0.98
Cladosporium perangustum JF499855.1
0.96
Cladosporium allicinum GU214408.1
0.99
Cladosporium phaenocomae JF499857.1
Phaeothecoidiella illinoisensis GU117901.1
Pleuropassalora armatae MF951223.1
Passalora armatae GU214456.1
Mycosphaerelloides madeirae DQ204756.1
Mycosphaerelloides madeirae KX286989.1
Zasmidium gahniicola MG386103.1
Zasmidium musigenum EU041857.2
0.96
Zasmidium biverticillatum EU041853.1
0.90
Zasmidium citri-griseum KY873382.1
Zasmidium grevilleae FJ839670.1
0.99
Zasmidium proteacearum FJ839671.2
Lecanosticta pini GQ852598.1
Lecanosticta acicola NG_042762.1
0.94
Zymoseptoria verkleyi KF442686.1
Zymoseptoria ardabiliae JQ739828.1
Zymoseptoria pseudotritici JQ739846.1
0.91 Zymoseptoria brevis KF252148.1
Zymoseptoria tritici KX287264.1
Zymoseptoria crescenta sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 755
Zymoseptoria halophila JQ739842.1
Zymoseptoria passerinii JQ739843.2
Acrodontium metrosideri sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 761
“Septoria cf. alpicola” KM975377.1
Acrodontium neolitseae KJ869184.1
Acrodontium crateriforme KX286957.1
Acrodontium crateriforme KX286958.1
Phaeothecoidea melaleuca HQ599595.1
Camarosporula persooniae JF770461.1
Xenoconiothyrium catenata JN712570.1
Xenophacidiella pseudocatenata JF499870.1
Xenophacidiella pseudocatenata JF499871.1
Penidiella columbiana EU019274.2
Araucasphaeria foliorum gen. et. sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 756
Teratosphaericola pseudoafricana JN232442.1
Pseudoteratosphaeria perpendicularis JN232443.1
Pseudoteratosphaeria ohnowa EU019305.2
Pseudoteratosphaeria secundaria EU019306.2
Pseudoteratosphaeria flexuosa JN232432.1
Teratosphaeria alboconidia FJ493221.1
0.88
Teratosphaeria zuluensis JQ732966.1
Teratosphaeria gauchensis EU019290.1
Teratosphaeria stellenboschiana GQ852715.2
0.92
Teratosphaeria pseudocryptica KF442547.1
Teratosphaeria complicata GQ852714.1
0.93
Teratosphaeria sieberi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 777
Teratosphaeria mareebensis JF951169.1
Teratosphaeria hortaea FJ790299.1
0.95
Teratosphaeria miniata KF442570.1
0.89
Catenulostroma chromoblastomycosum EU019251.2
Catenulostroma lignicola KY853489.1
Penidiella aggregata JF499862.1
Xenoteratosphaeria jonkershoekensis GU301874.1
Austroafricana parva KT186510.1
Catenulostroma protearum GU214402.1
Catenulostroma hermanusense JF499853.1
Neocatenulostroma microsporum EU019255.2
Neocatenulostroma germanicum KU612274.1
0.95
Devriesia tardicrescens JF499860.1
Devriesia staurophora GU214416.1
Devriesia staurophora KT186509.1
Teratosphaeriaceae
247
Part 1
Fungal Planet description sheets
Lindgomyces ingoldianus AB521736.1
Lindgomyces rotundatus KF314114.1
Clohesyomyces aquaticus JX276950.1
0.98
Hongkongmyces thailandica KY771321.1
0.97
0.94
Hongkongmyces pedis NG_056287.1
Hongkongmyces snookiorum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 733
Anteaglonium abbreviatum GQ221881.1
Anteaglonium parvulum GQ221907.2
Sporormia fimetaria GQ203728.1
0.88
Preussia fleischhakii GQ203721.1
Preussia typharum GQ203726.1
Sporormiella megalospora GQ203743.1
Preussia citrullina sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 745
Preussia terricola GQ203724.1
Preussia polymorpha GQ292751.1
Neosporidesmium sp. DQ408579.1
0.94
Corynespora smithii KY984299.1
0.95
Corynespora pseudocassiicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 757
Corynespora torulosa KF777207.1
Corynespora cassiicola KF590123.1
Corynespora cassiicola LC177365.1
Periconia thailandica KY753888.1
0.87
Periconia homothallica AB807565.1
0.88
Periconia cyperacearum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 775
Sporidesmium tengii DQ408559.1
0.95
Noosia banksiae JF951167.1
Flavomyces fulophazii KP184040.1
Periconia igniaria AB807567.1
0.96
Periconia macrospinosa KP184038.1
Periconia pseudodigitata AB807564.1
Periconia cookei MG333493.1
Periconia digitata AB807561.1
“Monocillium mucidum” MG826851.1
Fuscostagonospora sasae AB807548.1
Fuscostagonospora cytisi KY770978.1
Helminthosporium genistae KY984312.1
Helminthosporium livistonae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 758
Helminthosporium leucadendri KF251654.1
Helminthosporium dalbergiae AB807521.1
Helminthosporium magnisporum AB807522.1
0.99
Helminthosporium microsorum KY984329.1
Helminthosporium quercinum KY984336.1
Helminthosporium massarinum AB807523.1
Helminthosporium caespitosum KY984306.1
Helminthosporium oligosporum KY984333.1
Magnicamarosporium iriomotense AB807509.1
Keissleriella gloeospora AB807589.1
Keissleriella culmifida AB807591.1
0.99
Keissleriella culmifida AB807592.1
Lentithecium lineare FJ795435.1
0.99
0.96
Pleurophoma acaciae KY173524.1
Keissleriella cladophila LN907469.1
0.90
Pseudodictyosporium thailandica KX259522.1
Lentithecium clioninum AB807540.1
Lentithecium pseudoclioninum AB807545.1
Lentithecium voraginesporum KX499520.1
Lentithecium unicellulare KX505376.1
0.86
MH062991
Lentithecium carbonneanum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 736
MH069699
0.99
Part 4
0.1
Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny (cont.) – part 3
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Lindgomycetaceae
Anteagloniaceae
Sporormiaceae
Periconiaceae
Incertae sedis
Massarinaceae
Sulcatisporaceae
Lentitheciaceae
Pleosporales
Corynesporascaceae
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Part 3
248
0.98
0.86
0.97
0.97
0.98
0.1
Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny (cont.) – part 4
Dothidotthiaceae
Didymellaceae
Leptosphaeriaceae
Incertae sedis
Parapyrenochaetaceae
Cucurbitariaceae
Pleosporales (continued)
0.94
Pleiochaeta setosa KY929377.1
Didymella rosea KT287017.1
Didymella tanaceti KT287040.1
Didymella macrostoma KX342933.1
MH327863
MH327862 Didymella cari sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 784
MH327861
Heterospora dimorphospora GU238069.1
Querciphoma carteri KX359604.1
Leptosphaeria rubefaciens JF740311.1
Pyrenochaeta nobilis MF795792.1
Setophaeosphaeria badalingensis KJ869219.1
Pyrenochaetopsis pratorum GU238136.1
Parapyrenochaeta protearum JQ044453.1
Quixadomyces cearensis gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 747
Cucurbitariaceae sp. KF636780.1
Neocucurbitaria quercina GQ387620.1
Neocucurbitaria keratinophila LT623215.1
Neocucurbitaria unguishominis LT966029.1
Neocucurbitaria vachelliae MF795787.1
Plenodomus hendersoniae MF795790.1
Plenodomus lingam JX681096.1
Vrystaatia aloeicola KF251781.1
Neosulcatispora agaves KT950867.1
Didymocyrtis brachylaenae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 780
Didymocyrtis cladoniicola LN907456.1
Acericola italica MF167429.1
Banksiophoma australiensis KY979794.1
Neosetophoma italica KP711361.1
Neosetophoma lunariae KX306789.1
Neosetophoma samarorum MG980406.1
Phaeosphaeria lunariae KX306791.1
Neosulcatispora strelitziae KX228305.1
Phaeosphaeriopsis musae DQ885894.1
Phaeosphaeria podocarpi KP004480.1
0.85
Phaeosphaeria musae KM434278.1
Phaeosphaeria musae KP744502.1
Wojnowiciella viburni KC594287.1
Wojnowicia italica KX430001.1
Wojnowicia lonicerae KP684151.1
Wojnowiciella leptocarpi KX306800.1
Wojnowicia dactylidis KP684149.1
Wojnowiciella eucalypti KR476774.1
Neostagonospora caricis KF251667.1
“Septoria” arundinacea KF251734.1
Didymocyrtis aff. consimilis KT383798.1
Didymocyrtis pseudeverniae KT383801.1
Didymocyrtis cf. epiphyscia KT383799.1
Scolicosporium minkeviciusii KF366382.1
Sclerostagonospora ericae KX228319.1
Didymocyrtis banksiae KY979812.1
Phoma aloes KF777235.1
Phaeosphaeriaceae
249
Fungal Planet description sheets
Candida broadrunensis KY106372.1
Gyromitra esculenta KC751504.1
Gyromitra subg. Gyromitra
Gyromitra infula var. apiculatispora KX185093.1
Gyromitra leucoxantha KC751516.1
0.95
Gyromitra subg. Discina
Gyromitra korfii KC751499.1
Gyromitra perlata KC751514.1
0.99
Gyromitra subg. Caroliniana
Discinaceae
Gyromitra brunnea KC751523.1
0.99
FR2017171
FR2017347
Gyromitra subg. Pseudoverpa
Gyromitra anthracobia sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 732
FR2017349
subg. nov. - Fungal Planet 732
FR2017172
FR2017173
Patinella aff. abietina KY462809.1
Incertae sedis Incertae sedis
Gyalectaria diluta KR017189.1
Coccotremataceae Pertusariales
Furcaspora eucalypti EF110613.1
Incertae sedis Incertae sedis
Stictis radiata AY300864.1
Phacidiella podocarpi KP004481.1
Cyanodermella oleoligni KX950461.1
Cyanodermella banksiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 774
Stictidaceae
Cyanodermella asteris KT758843.1
Micropeltis zingiberacicola JQ036227.1
Micropeltis dendrophthoes KT588596.1
Caloplaca cf. squamosa JQ301562.1
Teloschistaceae Teloschistales
Caloplaca altoandina KC179170.1
Skoua fertilis HQ540515.1
Myxotrichum deflexum AY541491.1
Myxotrichaceae
Oidiodendron eucalypti sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 766
Oidiodendron truncatum KF835845.1
0.98 Aspergillus versicolor JN938942.1
Aspergillus tabacinus KX958082.1
Aspergillus serratalhadensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 720
0.89
Aspergillus tumidus sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 719
Aspergillus ustus JN938940.1
0.86
Aspergillaceae
Aspergillus contaminans LT855552.1
Aspergillus mulundensis KP985732.1
0.95
Emericella fruticulosa FJ755267.1
Warcupiella spinulosa JF922027.1
Emericella nidulans JN938911.1
Rhinocladiella coryli KX306793.1
0.99
Melanoctona tectonae KX258779.1
0.97
Capronia coronata AF050242.1
Exophiala angulospora LC192082.1
Minimelanolocus obscurus KR215611.1
0.93
Exophiala aquamarina KU705846.1
Exophiala salmonis EF413609.1
0.90
Fonsecaea pedrosoi AF050276.1
Herpotrichiellaceae
Exophiala pisciphila NG_027583.1
0.99
Exophiala nidicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 729
Capronia mansonii AY004338.1
0.86
Capronia munkii EF413604.1
Exophiala phaeomuriformis JN165755.1
Exophiala dermatitidis MH012080.1
Cladophialophora arxii LT883516.1
Ceramothyrium thailandicum KP324930.1
0.91
Nullicamyces eucalypti gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 769
Ceramothyrium carniolicum KC455251.1
Chaetothyriaceae
Chaetothyrium agathis KP744480.1
0.95
Ceramothyrium podocarpi NG_042751.1
Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme KP324931.1
Ceramothyrium ficus KT588600.1
Paracladophialophora cyperacearum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 776 Paracladophialophoraceae fam. nov. - Fungal Planet 776
Paracladophialophora carceris KY173488.1
Cyphellophora olivacea KC455261.1
Cyphellophora fusarioides KC455252.1
0.91
Cyphellophora musae KP122932.1
Cyphellophoraceae
0.1
Cyphellophora guyanensis KC455253.1
Cyphellophora eucalypti KC455254.1
Pezizomycetes
Lecanoromycetes
Chaetothyriales
Eurotiomycetes
Eurotiales
Onyge
nales
Ostropales
Pezizales
0.97
Overview Pezizomycetes, Lecanoromycetes and Eurotiomycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 6 602 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (67 taxa including outgroup; 805
aligned positions; 380 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes
and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families, orders and classes are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Candida
broadrunensis (GenBank KY106372.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold
face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S22745).
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
0.97
0.87
Orbilia vinosa DQ470952.1
Amorphotheca resinae EU040231.1
Amorphothecaceae
Psilachnum pteridii KU597764.1
Pezizellaceae I
Psilachnum pteridii KU597765.1
MH327842
0.97
Neolauriomyces eucalypti gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 768
MH327841
Lareunionomyces eucalypti sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 767
Lareunionomyces syzygii KX228338.1
0.96
Neolauriomycetaceae fam. nov. - Fungal Planet 768
Exochalara longissima HQ609476.1
Exochalara longissima HQ609477.1
Chalara hughesii FJ176250.1
Incertae sedis
Chalara africana FJ176249.1
Porodiplodiaceae fam. nov. - Fungal Planet 770
Porodiplodia livistonae gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 770
Chalara clidemiae KX228321.1
0.88
Chalara parvispora FJ176253.1
Chalara crassipes FJ176254.1
Chalara fungorum FJ176252.1
Pezizellaceae II
Urceolella crispula JN086682.1
0.99 Calycellina populina JN086685.1
Davidhawksworthia ilicicola KU728555.1
Parafabraea caliginosa KR858881.1
Parafabraea eucalypti KR858882.1
Pezicula brunnea KR858894.1
0.99
Pezicula rhizophila KR859037.1
Dermateaceae
Pezicula melanigena KR859003.1
Pezicula ericae KR858965.1
Pezicula radicicola KR859029.1
Pezicula cinnamomea KR858953.1
Hymenoscyphus globus KJ472238.1
Hymenoscyphus immutabilis KJ472239.1
Hymenoscyphus subpallescens KJ472255.1
Hymenoscyphus microserotinus AB926135.1
0.91
Helotiaceae
Hymenoscyphus microcaudatus KJ472245.1
0.85
Lanzia huangshanica JN086711.1
Torrendiella eucalypti DQ195800.1
Torrendiella madsenii KJ606676.1
Encoeliopsis rhododendri KX090801.1
Mollisiaceae s.lat.
Chalara austriaca FJ176255.1
Incertae sedis
Rutstroemia cuniculi AB926146.1
0.98
0.96
Rutstroemia calopus AB926155.1
Rutstroemia paludosa AB926158.1
Lambertella subrenispora AB926152.1
Lambertella subrenispora DQ470978.1
Rutstroemiaceae
Lambertella exophiala KF499363.1
Ciboria americana JN086702.1
0.92
Lanzia allantospora AB926154.1
Neometulocladosporiella eucalypti gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 763
Chalara constricta FJ176256.1
Incertae sedis
Phialina lachnobrachyoides JN086715.1
Hyaloscyphaceae s.lat.
Bloxamia cyatheicola KU597755.1
Bloxamiaceae
Zymochalara cyatheae KU597766.1
0.95
Incertae sedis
Chalara acuaria FJ176248.1
Chalara aspera FJ176245.1
Chalara alabamensis FJ176247.1
0.99
Pezizellaceae III
Chalara selaginellae FJ176241.1
0.86
Chalara pulchra FJ176242.1
Chalara breviclavata FJ176243.1
Lachnopsis catarinensis KU597760.1
Lachnopsis dicksoniae KU597763.1
Lachnellula flavovirens KC492975.1
Lachnellula suecica KC492980.1
Lachnellula willkommii KC492983.1
Lachnellula occidentalis KC492977.1
Lachnaceae
0.99 Lachnellula arida KC492972.1
Perrotia populina KX090802.1
Lachnellula calyciformis KC492973.1
Lachnellula hyalina KC492976.1
Lachnellula subtilissima KC492979.1
0.01
Helotiales
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
250
Overview Leotiomycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 18 152 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (68 taxa including outgroup;
781 aligned positions; 227 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to
Orbilia vinosa (GenBank DQ470952.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold
face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S22745).
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.98
0.99
0.99
0.87
0.99
0.87
0.98
Fungal Planet 778
Sporidesmiales
ord. nov. -
Amphisphaeriales
0.82
Saccharata proteae EU552145
Amphibambusa bambusicola KP744474.1
Cainia graminis KR092781.1
Cainiaceae
Cainia anthoxanthis KR092777.1
0.89
Cainia globosa KX822123.1
Annulohypoxylon moriforme DQ840058.1
Hypoxylaceae
Astrocystis cocoes AY083823.1
Xylariaceae
Repetophragma inflatum DQ408576.1
Pseudosporidesmium knawiae FJ349610.1
Pseudosporidesmiaceae
Pseudosporidesmium lambertiae MG386087.1
Dactylaria monticola EU107289.1
Dactylaria acaciae KY173493.1
Incertae sedis
Dactylaria sparsa EU107291.1
Castanediella cagnizarii KP858988.1
Castanediellaceae
Castanediella cagnizarii KP858991.1
Castanediella malysiana KX306781.1
Beltraniella acaciae KY173483.1
Beltraniella portoricensis KX519522.1
Beltraniella carolinensis DQ810233.1
Beltraniella endiandrae KJ869185.1
Subramaniomyces fusisaprophyticus EU040241.1
Beltraniaceae
Hemibeltrania cinnamomi KX519523.1
Subsessila turbinata KX762289.1
Beltrania pseudorhombica KJ869215.1
Beltrania rhombica KX519521.1
Pseudophloeospora eucalypti HQ599593.1
Idriellomyces eucalypti gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 773
Phlogicylindriaceae
Polyscytalum eucalyptorum KJ869176.1
Polyscytalum grevilleae KX228304.1
Immersidiscosia eucalypti KY825093.1
Discosia artocreas AB593705.1
Discosia brasiliensis KF827436.1
Discosia pseudoartocreas KF777214.1
Discosia fagi KM678048.1
MH327856
Discosia macrozamiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 779
0.91
MH327855
Adisciso yakushimense AB593721.1
0.95
Adisciso tricellulare NG_042334.1
0.97
Discosia fraxinea KF827439.1
Sporocadaceae
Discosia neofraxinea KR072672.1
Seimatosporium quercinum KU974964.1
Seimatosporium walkeri JN871216.1
Sarcostroma restionis DQ278924.1
Sarcostroma restionis DQ278925.1
Sarcostroma bisetulatum EU552155.1
Seimatosporium biseptatum JN871208.1
0.86
Seimatosporium obtusum JN871215.1
Seimatosporium falcatum JN871213.1
Seimatosporium eucalypti JN871211.1
Fluminicola aquatica MF374366.1
Papulosaceae Incertae sedis
Fluminicola saprotrophitica MF374367.1
Fluminicola thailandensis MF374368.1
Spadicoides verrucosa EF204508.1
0.97
0.93
Pararamichloridiaceae
Pararami
Pararamichloridium livistonae MG386084.1
0.97
chloridiales
Woswasia atropurpurea JX233658.1
Incertae sedis
Xylochrysis lucida KF539911.1
Fusoidispora aquatica AY780365.1
0.98
Incertae sedis
Spadicoides hyalostoma KY931830.1
0.96
Sporidesmium parvum DQ408558.1
Sporidesmium pyriformatum KX710143.1
Sporidesmiaceae
Sporidesmium bambusicola DQ408562.1
MH327853
Sporidesmium melaleucae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 778
MH327854
Xylariales
0.98
251
0.1
Overview Sordariomycetes phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 115 202 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (179 taxa including outgroup;
785 aligned positions; 340 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to
Saccharata proteae (GenBank EU552145.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated
in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S22745).
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
252
Diaporthales
Diaporthe eres AF362565.1
Diaporthe maytenicola KF777210.1
Diaporthe biguttusis KY011878.1
Diaporthe elaeagni-glabrae KY011886.1
Diaporthe phragmitis KP004473.1
Diaporthaceae
0.97
Diaporthe rudis KX856061.1
MH122539
0.87
MH122541
Diaporthe pseudoinconspicua sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 726
MH122542
MH122540
Tubakia seoraksanensis KP260501.1
Greeneria saprophytica KJ021935.1
Tubakiaceae
0.98
Tubakia thailandensis MF190111.1
0.96
Melanconiella syzygii KY173508.1
Melanconiella chrysostroma AF408369.1
Melanconiella spodiaea JQ926301.1
Melanconiellaceae
0.95
Melanconiella ellisii JQ926271.1
Microascospora rubi MF190099.1
0.98
Cryphonectriaceae s.lat.
Aurantiosacculus acutatus NG_042618.1
Harknessia eucalypti JQ706215.1
Wuestneia molokaiensis JQ706248.1
Harknessia gibbosa JQ706226.1
Harknessia proteae KF777215.1
Harknessiaceae
Dwiroopa lythri AF408364.1
0.99
Mastigosporella pigmentata sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 740
Mastigosporella anisophylleae KF777221.1
Aurifilum marmelostoma HQ730873.1
0.97
Latruncellus aurorae NG_042572.1
0.85
Cryphonectria decipiens JQ862750.1
Cryphonectria macrospora AF408340.1
0.99
Cryphonectriaceae s.str.
Cryphonectria nitschkei AF408341.1
0.88 Chromendothia citrina NG_027593.1
Cryphonectria macrospora JQ862749.1
Immersiporthe knoxdaviesiana NG_042657.1
Rhexodenticula cylindrospora KM485039.1
Cordanaceae Cordanales
Rhexodenticula acaciae KY173532.1
Incertae sedis Incertae sedis
Pseudobotrytis terrestris KF746879.1
Coniochaetaceae Coniochaetales
Coniochaetidium savoryi AY346276.1
Chaetomium madrasense KX958072.1
Chaetomidium subfimeti FJ666354.1
Chaetomidium pilosum FJ666356.1
0.99
Chaetomiaceae
Chaetomidium leptoderma FJ666353.1
Arxotrichum wyomingense gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 718
0.99
Chaetomidium trichorobustum FJ666352.1
MH327847
Tracyllalales
Tracylla eucalypti sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 771
ord. nov. MH327846
Tracyllaceae fam. nov. - Fungal Planet 771 Fungal Planet 771
Tracylla aristata KX306795.1
Chaetosphaeria fusiformis AF178554.1
Chaetosphaeria spinosa AF466079.1
0.92
Chaetosphaeria curvispora GU180636.1
Chaetosphaeria minuta AF466075.1
Chaetosphaeria callimorpha AF466062.1
Chaetosphaeria fuegiana EF063574.1
Paliphora intermedia EF204500.1
Eucalyptostroma eucalyptorum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 765
Eucalyptostroma eucalypti KY173500.1
Polynema podocarpi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 760
Pseudolachnea hispidula AB934048.1
Chaetosphaeriaceae
0.95
Pseudolachnea fraxini JQ889301.1
Chaetosphaeria rivularia KR347357.1
0.92
Codinaeopsis gonytrichoides AF178556.1
Dictyochaeta siamensis KX609952.1
Pseudolachnella brevifusiformis LC100029.1
0.91
Pseudolachnella longiciliata AB934060.1
Pseudolachnella yakushimensis AB934064.1
Pseudolachnella fusiformis AB934056.1
0.99
Pseudolachnella botulispora AB934050.1
0.90
Pseudolachnella campylospora AB934053.1
0.97
Chaetosphaeriales
Sordariales
0.99
0.1
Overview Sordariomycetes phylogeny (cont.) – part 2
0.99
0.96
0.87
MH229919
Hyperdermium bertonii AF242354.1
Cordyceps militaris AB027379.1
Cordyceps taishanensis JN411084.1
Isaria farinosa KC920582.1
Beauveria brongniartii AB027381.1
Lecanicillium lecanii EF026005.1
Hyperdermium pulvinatum AF242353.1
Lecanicillium fusisporum EF026004.1
0.99
Lecanicillium restrictum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 734
Lecanicillium testudineum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 735
Rosasphaeria moravica JF440985.1
Niesslia pulchriseta MG826848.1
Eucasphaeria capensis EF110619.1
Eucasphaeria rustici KY173501.1
Monocillium nordinii MG826720.1
Niesslia exilis MG826804.1
Monocillium constrictum MG826807.1
Monocillium constrictum MG826839.1
Emericellopsis alkalina KC987247.1
Emericellopsis maritima KF993405.1
Myrotheciomycetaceae
Acremonium fuci KT207712.1
Leucosphaerina indica AF096194.1
Myrotheciomyces corymbiae gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 764
“Niesslia exilis” MG826794.1
Trichothecium roseum JX458860.1
0.99
Trichothecium roseum KY234151.1
Chaetopsina penicillata KM231638.1
Chaetopsina eucalypti sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 762
Chaetopsina pini KF777200.1
Chaetopsinectria chaetopsinae DQ119553.2
Chaetopsina pinicola KF777201.1
Chaetopsina fulva KM231637.1
Alfaria cyperi-esculenti KJ869200.1
Alfaria thymi KU845999.1
Alfaria dactylis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 717
Alfaria ossiformis KU845993.1
Alfaria putrefolia KU845995.1
Alfaria dandenongensis MG386116.1
Alfaria terrestris KU845996.1
Alfaria avenellae KY659434.1
0.1
Overview Sordariomycetes phylogeny (cont.) – part 3
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Glomerellaceae
Cordycipitaceae
Niessliaceae
fam. nov. - Fungal Planet 764
Nectriaceae
Stachybotryaceae
Hypocreales
0.99
Colletotrichum trichellum DQ286153.1
Colletotrichum circinans JN940805.1
Colletotrichum dematium NG_055738.1
Colletotrichum spaethianum JN940810.1
Colletotrichum boninense DQ286167.1
MH229917
Colletotrichum condaoense sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 723
MH229918
Glomerellales
253
Fungal Planet description sheets
254
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Afroboletus vietnamensis
Fungal Planet description sheets
255
Fungal Planet 716 – 13 July 2018
Afroboletus vietnamensis T.H.G. Pham, A.V. Alexandrova, O.V. Morozova, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to the country Vietnam where the species
was collected.
Classification — Boletaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata medium large sized, boletoid. Pileus 30 ‒ 80 mm
diam, initially hemispherical, becoming convex, greyish yellow (2B3 – 4, 2C3 – 4, Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), darker in
the centre (2D3 – 4, 3D3 – 4), paler towards the margin (up to
2A2–3), surface dry, velutinous, tomentous or felted. Hymeno
phore adnate to shortly decurrent to the stipe, 6 – 8 mm thick,
light yellow to greenish yellow (1A4 – 6), becoming greyish yellow (2B4 – 5, 3B5 – 6, 4B4 – 5); pores irregular, 1– 2 mm diam.
Stipe 60–90 × 10–20 mm, cylindrical or fusiform, often tapered
towards the base, dry, deeply broadly alveolate-reticulate, pale
yellow (2A3 – 4), staining pale orange near the base (5A3 – 5).
Context pale yellow (2A2 – 4), staining in the stipe brownish
red when bruised, with reddish spots in the stipe base. Smell
weak, taste not reported. Spores (11–)12–12.5(–15) × (8–)8.5–
9.5(–11) μm, Q = (1.2 –)1.3 –1.4(–1.5), dark brown, ellipsoid in
outline: amygdaliform with 1– 2 μm broad longitudinal wings,
sometimes with outgrowths and crystals (SEM). Basidia 38–48
× 11–12 μm, 4-spored, narrowly clavate to clavate, clampless.
Cheilocystidia 52–99 × 5–18 μm, fusoid to lageniform with more
or less long neck, pleurocystidia similar. Hymenophoral trama
regular, made up of long, thin, cylindrical hyphae, 70 – 250 ×
4–6 μm. Pileipellis a trichoderm, made up of cylindrical hyphae,
5 – 9 μm wide, with brown intracellular and in some hyphae
also incrusting pigment. Dermatocystidia of two types: simple
lageniform, 37– 52 × 8–10 μm, with intracellular light brown
pigment, and complex, abundant in the central part, 18 – 80 ×
6 –10 μm, fusiform, lageniform, septate: basal part with light
brown diffuse intracellular pigment and apical – with bluish black
agglutinate intracellular and sometimes additionally incrusting
pigment. Stipitipellis a hymeniderm of basidiolae-like clavate
cells, 19 – 30 × 7–10 μm. Caulocystidia 68 –130 × 11–16 μm,
lageniform, sometimes septate. Clamp connections absent.
Habit, Habitat & Distribution — In groups on soil in evergreen
tropical forests. Known from Vietnam.
Additional material examined. Vietnam, Binh Phuoc Province, Bu Gia Map
District, Bu Gia Map National Park, N12.204509° E107.204415°, h = 346 m,
on soil in foothill polydominant tropical forest dominated by Dipterocarpaceae,
Lythraceae, Rubiaceae, Theaceae, Lauraceae and Arecaceae, 3 May 2013,
A. Alexandrova, LE311972, ITS sequence GenBank MH087060.
Notes — The genus Afroboletus has been described based
on material from equatorial Africa (Pegler & Young 1981). It
is characterised first of all by the dark brown ellipsoid spores
with a complex eusporial ornamentation of 8–12 large, winged,
longitudinal costae, intercostal ridging, and basal thickened rim.
Afroboletus vietnamensis resembles A. malaysianus, which was
invalidly described from the Peninsular Malaysia (Chan 2010).
However, A. vietnamensis differs from A. malaysianus by the
paler colour of the pileus, by lageniform cheilocystidia with
narrow neck, and by the pileipellis structure with characteristic
dermatocystidia containing three types of pigment – diffuse
brown intracellular, agglutinated dark-blue intracellular and
incrusting. Although A. vietnamensis does not cluster in the
phylogenetic tree with representatives of any known boletoid
genera, including African Afroboletus, we consider the introduction of a new genus as premature.
Typus. Vietnam, Dak Lak Province, Yok Don National Park, 40 km to the
northwest of Buon Ma Thuot city, N12.941306° E107.788167°, h = 212 m, on
soil in evergreen tropical forest on the top of the hill dominated by Fagaceae,
Euphorbiaceae, Sapindaceae, Ebenaceae and Meliaceae, 13 May 2014,
A. Alexandrova (holotype LE311973, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MH087059 and MH087058, MycoBank MB824736).
Colour illustrations. Vietnam, Dak Lak Province, Yok Don National Park,
type locality; spores; cheilocystidia; elements of pileipellis; dermatocystidium
and caulocystidia; SEM photos of spores; basidioma in situ; longitudinal section of the stipe and basidiomata in situ. Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata),
10 µm (microstructures).
Pham Thi Ha Giang, Saint Petersburg State Forestry University, 194021, 5U Institutsky Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia /
Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam;
e-mail: giangvietnga@gmail.com
Alina V. Alexandrova, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Faculty of Biology, 119234, 1, 12 Leninskie Gory Str., Moscow, Russia /
Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam;
e-mail: alina-alex2011@yandex.ru
Olga V. Morozova, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia;
e-mail: OMorozova@binran.ru
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
256
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Alfaria dactylis
257
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 717 – 13 July 2018
Alfaria dactylis Valenz.-Lopez, Cano, Guarro & Stchigel, sp. nov.
Etymology. From Latin dactylus, date, due to the nature of the substrate
(date, the fruit of Phoenix dactylifera) from which the fungus was isolated.
Classification — Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Sordari
omycetes.
Hyphae hyaline to pale green, smooth- and thin- to thick-walled,
septate, 2.5-5 µm wide. Conidiomata discrete, cupulate, stromatic, unilocular, non-ostiolate, superficial, solitary or confluent,
greenish black, covered by setae, broadly lenticular, 177- 275
× 133 – 242 μm, filled with black mass of slimy conidia; conidio
ma wall 10 - 27 µm broad, pseudoparenchymatous, of textura
globulosa and textura angularis, composed of 2 – 4 layers of
pale green to dark green, globose to flattened polygonal cells
of 5 –7.5 µm diam; setae greenish black, smooth- and thickwalled, multi-septate, unbranched, straight, narrowing towards
the acute apices, 60 – 200 μm long, 4 – 8 μm wide at the base.
Conidiophores densely aggregated, arising from the basal part
of the locule, unbranched or branched at the base with 2 – 4
supporting cells, pale green, smooth-walled, up to 47 μm long,
bearing 1–3 conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells phialidic,
cylindrical, elongate, hyaline to pale green, smooth-walled,
7–16 × 1.5 – 2.5 μm. Conidia hyaline to pale green, aseptate,
smooth- and thin-walled, guttulate, lanceolate, 8.5–11.5 × 2–2.5
μm, with an obtuse apex and truncate at the base.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA reaching 19 – 21
mm diam after 7 d at 25 ± 1 °C, margin regular, flattened, with
sparse aerial mycelium, surface white (M. 4A1); reverse white
(M. 4A1). Colonies on MEA reaching 18 – 20 mm diam after
7 d at 25 ± 1 °C, margin regular, flattened, covered by dense
white felty aerial mycelia, surface white (M. 4A1) to pale yellow
(M. 4A3); reverse white (M. 4A1) to yellowish orange (M. 4A6).
NaOH test negative.
Typus. Spain, Tarragona, from palm fruit of Phoenix dactylifera (Are
caceae), Feb. 2017, coll. I.A. IturrietaGonzález, isol. N. ValenzuelaLopez
(holotype CBS H-23398, cultures ex-type FMR 16398 = CBS 144249, ITS,
LSU, tub2 and tef1α sequences GenBank LT984556, LT984557, LT984555
and LT984553, MycoBank MB824149).
Notes — Alfaria dactylis is characterised by the production
of large, lanceolate, pale green conidia and discrete, cupulate, stromatic conidiomata covered by abundant setae, being
morphologically similar to A. dandenongensis but differing in
aspect of their conidia (cylindrical, granular and verruculose in
A. dandenongensis) and setae (smooth-walled in A. dactylis
vs verruculose in A. dandenongensis) (Crous et al. 2017). Despite the fact of A. dactylis is phylogenetically closely related to
A. ossiformis, it is morphologically distinct from the latter species by its setose conidiomata (lacking of setae in A. ossiformis)
(Lombard et al. 2016).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hit using the LSU sequence is A. ossi
formis CBS 324.54 (GenBank KU845993; Identities = 810/810
(100 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the ITS sequence are
A. putrefolia CBS 112037 (GenBank KU845985; Identities =
533/544 (98 %), 6 gaps (1 %)) and A. ossiformis CBS 324.54
(GenBank NR_145068; Identities = 534/547 (98 %), 7 gaps
(1 %)). The closest hits using the tub2 sequence are C. ter
restris CBS 477.91 (GenBank KU846019; Identities = 288/308
(94 %), 4 gaps (1 %)) and C. putrefolia CBS 112038 (GenBank
KU846017; Identities = 285/307 (93 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). The
closest hits using the tef1α sequence are A. terrestris CBS
127305 (GenBank KU846012; Identities = 315/362 (87 %),
14 gaps (3 %)) and A. ossiformis CBS 324.54 (GenBank
KU846009; Identities = 313 /360 (87 %), 17 gaps (4 %)).
Alfaria terrestris CBS 477.91T
Alfaria putrefolia CBS 112037T
Alfaria dandenongensis CPC 32450T
Alfaria ossiformis CBS 324.54T
100
83
Alfaria dactylis CBS 144249T
Alfaria cyperi-esculenti CBS 138270T
100
Alfaria thymi CBS 447.83T
97
0.01
Alfaria caricicola CBS 113567T
Alfariacladiella spartii MFLUCC 13-0799
100
Alfariacladiella spartii CPC 24966T
Colour illustrations. Tarragona, Spain; colony on MEA and OA after 14 d
at 25 ± 1 °C; conidiomata under the stereomicroscope; cupulate stromatic
conidiomata, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 50
µm (conidiomata), 10 µm (conidiophores and conidia).
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the combined DNA sequences dataset from four loci (ITS, LSU, tef-1α and tub2) of our
isolate and sequences retrieved from the GenBank database.
Ex-type strains of the different species are indicated with T. The
new species proposed in this study is indicated in bold. The
RAxML v. 8.2.10 (Stamatakis 2014) bootstrap support values
(≥ 70 %) are provided at the nodes. Alfariacladiella spartii CPC
24966 and MFLUCC 13-0799 were used as outgroup.
Nicomedes Valenzuela-Lopez, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus,
Tarragona, Spain; Microbiology Unit, Medical Technology Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Antofagasta,
Av. Universidad de Antofagasta s/n, 02800 Antofagasta, Chile; e-mail: nicomedes.vl@gmail.com
Alberto M. Stchigel, Josep Guarro & José F. Cano-Lira, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21,
43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain; e-mail: albertomiguel.stchigel@urv.cat, josep.guarro@urv.cat & jose.cano@urv.cat
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
258
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Arxotrichum wyomingense
259
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 718 – 13 July 2018
Arxotrichum A. Nováková & M. Kolařik, gen. nov.
Etymology. Named after Josef Adolf von Arx (1922–1988), honouring his
work on the genus Chaetomium and according to the morphological similarity
with the genus Staphylotrichum.
Classification — Chaetomiaceae, Sordariales, Sordariomy
cetes.
Mycelium sterile or producing conidiophores. Conidiophores
septate, stipe with basal part yellowish brown, upper part colourless, ramified, branches racemose. Conidiogenous cells borne
on the ends of branches, hyaline. Conidia solitary, aseptate,
subglobose, rough-walled to rugose. Ascomata absent or pale
ochraceous to olivaceous grey, superficial, spherical to ovate,
140 – 240 μm with distinct ostiolar opening, wall angular or
irregular; ascomatal hairs numerous, flexuous, undulate or
spirally coiled, verrucose or finally echinulate, septate, pale
ochraceous or brown. Asci obovate-clavate, with short stalks,
34 – 45 × 16 – 20 μm, 8-spored, evanescent; ascospores ellipsoidal-fusoid, at both ends attenuated and rounded, brown,
12 –17 × 6 – 8.5 μm, with distinct apical germ pore (Von Arx
et al. 1986). Good growth to 37 °C, limited at 40 °C (2 – 3 mm
diam in 7 d), no growth at 42 °C. Phylogenetically distinct from
related genera of Chaetomium and Myceliophthora.
Type species. Arxotrichum wyomingense A. Nováková & M. Kolařik.
MycoBank MB824080.
Arxotrichum wyomingense A. Nováková & M. Kolařik, sp. nov.
Etymology. Latin ‘wyomingense’ = relating to the state Wyoming, USA,
referring to the type locality.
Arxotrichum succineum (L.M. Ames), A. Nováková &
M. Kolařik, comb. nov. — MycoBank 824082
On MEA. Conidiophores septate, 250 – 400 μm long, stipe with
basal part yellowish brown, smooth to finely rough, 3 μm wide,
upper part colourless, smooth, 2.5 μm wide, ramified, branches
racemose. Conidiogenous cells borne on the ends of branches,
hyaline. Conidia solitary, aseptate, 5(–7) μm diam, hyaline to
pinkish coloured, subglobose, rough-walled to rugose, flattened
from side view with distinct spiral (bands) and visible scars.
Ascomata not observed.
Culture characteristics — (in the dark, 25 °C after 7 d):
Colonies on MEA 56 – 60 mm diam, plane, with scanty aerial
mycelium, radial sporulation yellowish white (ISCC – NBS no.
92; Anon. 1964) to pale yellowish pink (no. 31), but moderate
yellowish pink (no. 29) in colony centre, colourless exudate,
no soluble pigment, reverse colourless with black (no. 267)
colony centre. Colonies on V8 agar 55 – 60 mm diam, plane,
with scanty aerial mycelium, sporulation yellowish white (no. 92)
to pale yellowish pink (no. 31) with light orange (no. 52) to light
yellowish brown (no. 76) in colony centre, colourless exudate,
no soluble pigment, reverse colourless to pale orange yellow
(no. 73), colony centre light yellowish brown to brownish black
(no. 65).
Basionym. Chaetomium succineum L.M. Ames, Mycologia 41: 645. 1950
‘1949’.
Typus. USa, Wyoming, Converse Country, Powder River Basin, GlenrockRolling Hills Wind Plant (former Dave Johnson Coal Mine), site without a
reclamation and plant seedlings (natural plant succession – shortgrass
sagebrush prairie), N 42.856372, W 105.862719, isolated from soil using
keratin bait technique, 2010, A. Nováková (holotype PRM 945788, culture
ex-type CCF 5691, ITS, tub2, tef1-α and LSU sequences GenBank LT968153,
LT971393, LT971395 and LT968143, MycoBank MB824081).
Additional material examined. USa, Wyoming, Converse Country, Powder
River Basin, Glenrock-Rolling Hills Wind Plant (former Dave Johnson Coal
Mine), site without a reclamation and plant seedlings (natural plant succession – shortgrass sagebrush prairie), isolated in 2010 from soil using the
cellulose bait technique, CCF 5688 = PRM 945789, ITS sequence GenBank
LT968155, and CCF 5689, ITS sequence GenBank LT968157, and using
the dilution plate method, CCF 5690, ITS sequence GenBank LT968159.
Notes — Arxotrichum wyomingense is typified by welldefined conidiophores with pigmented bases and a branched
hyaline apical part bearing whorls of ornamented conidia. No
sexual morph was observed in culture. Crossing of all possible
combinations of four strains did not result in the sexual morph,
and therefore this species is assumed to be asexual. These
characters are not presented in the set of related genera such
as Chaetomium or Myceliophthora, but fit the characteristics
of the genus Staphylotrichum. Phylogenetically, the type of
Staphylotrichum, S. coccorum, is unrelated to Arxotrichum.
Arxotrichum wyomingense resembles Staphylotrichum subra
maniani isolated from hare dung in Chile (Udagawa 1997), from
which it differs by its smaller conidia, absence of ellipsoidal or
pyriform conidia and rather different conidial ornamentation.
The living culture of S. subramanii does not exist (S. Udagawa,
in let.), and the herbarium voucher deposited in the Natural
History Museum and Institute, Chiba (CBM) is unavailable for
molecular study, and therefore its generic status remains uncertain. Arxotrichum wyomingense clusters with Chaetomium
succineum (ITS rDNA similarity 99 %, 412 /418 bp), which is a
sexual species lacking an asexual morph (Doveri 2013). Thus,
the two species included here in Arxotrichum have a few shared
phenotypic characters, and the genus as a whole is delimited
based on phylogeny only.
The genus Chaetomium is a large and polyphyletic taxon (De
Hoog et al. 2013, Wang et al. 2016). Based on the current concept of narrow, monophyletic genera, Chaetomium was split into
several distinct genera (Van den Brink et al. 2012, Marin-Felix
et al. 2015). Following this concept, A. wyomingense cannot
be attributed to any known genus, and thus a new genus is
herewith introduced to accommodate it.
Legend and tree added to MycoBank.
Colour illustrations. USA, Wyoming, Rolling Hills Wind Plant, shortgrass
sagebrush prairie; 7-d-old colonies of Arxotrichum wyomingense (CCF 5691)
on V8 agar and MEA and colonies of all studied strains growing together
on MEA; conidiophores and conidia on MEA. Scale bars = 20 μm (conidiophores), 10 μm (conidia), 1 μm (SEM).
Alena Nováková, Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083,
142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; e-mail: ANmicrofungi@seznam.cz
Miroslav Kolařík, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 1201 Prague 2; Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and
Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; e-mail: mkolarik@biomed.cas.cz
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
260
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Aspergillus tumidus
261
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 719 – 13 July 2018
Aspergillus tumidus J.P.Z. Siqueira, Gené, Dania García & Guarro, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the swollen metulae on its conidiophores.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Conidiophores on MEA hyaline, commonly septate, smooth,
80 – 400 × 3 – 5.5 μm. Conidial heads biseriate, radiate, in
shades of green. Vesicles subglobose, 5.5–15 μm wide. Metu
lae usually inflated, covering 75–100 % of the vesicle, 5.5–9.5 ×
2.5–8 μm. Phialides flask-shaped, 6.5–10 × 2.5–5 μm. Conidia
globose to subglobose, in shades of green, smooth-walled to
finely roughened, 3 – 8 μm. Hülle cells frequently observed,
mostly globose, sometimes irregularly shaped, 12 – 28 µm.
Ascomata not observed.
Culture characteristics — (in the dark, at 25 °C after 7 d):
Colonies on CYA attaining 34–37 mm diam, velvety to floccose,
slightly radially sulcate, with elevated centre, mycelium white,
margin entire to slightly lobulate; reverse light green (28A4) to
dark brown (6F6) (Kornerup & Wanscher 1978); sporulation
dense; with conidial masses dark green (29F7); soluble pigment
absent; exudate absent. On MEA, colonies reaching 22–23 mm
diam, floccose to loosely cottony, mycelium white to greenish
white (28A2), margin slightly lobulate; reverse light orange
(5A4); sporulation dense, with conidial masses pale green
(28A3) to dark green (28F8); soluble pigment absent; exudate
light green (28A4). On DG18, colonies reaching 22 – 23 mm
diam, floccose to powdery, mycelium white to greenish white
(28A2), margin slightly lobulate; reverse light orange (5A4);
sporulation dense, with conidial masses pale green (28A3) to
dark green (28E8); soluble pigment absent; exudate light green
(28A4). On YES, colonies reaching 33 – 35 mm diam, floccose
to slightly cottony, radially sulcate, mycelium white to greyish
green (29B3), margin lobulate; reverse light yellow (4A4) to
dark brown(6F6); sporulation dense, with conidial masses
greyish green (27C3 to 27E7); soluble pigment absent; exudate
yellowish white (3A2) to light yellow (3A4). On OA, colonies
reaching 29 – 31 mm diam, cottony at centre, powdery towards
the periphery, mycelium white, margin slightly lobulate and
with submerged mycelium; reverse white to dull green (28D4);
sporulation moderately dense, with conidial masses deep green
(29E8); soluble pigment absent; exudate absent. On CREA,
colonies reaching 20 – 22 mm diam, loosely cottony, dense at
the centre, mycelium white, margin irregular; sporulation moderately dense, with conidial masses greyish green (28B4); acid
production absent. On CYA after 7 days, the colonies reached
32 – 34 mm diam at 30 °C; growth absent at 37 °C.
Typus. Chile, Atacama desert, from soil, 2014, coll. A.M. Stchigel, isol.
J.P.Z. Siqueira (holotype CBS H-23244, cultures ex-type FMR 15743 = CBS
143587, ITS, LSU, BenA, CaM and RPB2 sequences GenBank LT903691,
LT992011, LT903682, LT903685 and LT903688, MycoBank MB823690).
Notes — A multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on ITS,
BenA, CaM and RPB2 revealed that this species belongs to
the A. multicolor clade in section Nidulantes, together with
A. multicolor, A. mulundensis and A. pluriseminatus (Chen et al.
2016). Species in this clade show low genetic similitude, being
easier to distinguish by sequence comparison. Nonetheless,
phenotypic differences could be observed in order to differentiate the new species from others. Aspergillus multicolor has pink
to purple drab mycelium and pink Hülle cells; A. mulundensis
presents conidial masses pale green to blue green (Chen et al.
2016); and A. pluriseminatus produces only the sexual morph
(Stchigel & Guarro 1997).
A. desertorum NRRL 5921T
A. fruticulosus NRRL 4903T
0.02
A. nidulans NRRL 187T
A. rugulosus NRRL 206T
A. multicolor NRRL 4775T
95/1
A. pluriseminatus CBS 100523T
Nidulantes
A. mulundensis CBS 140610T
A. tumidus FMR 15743T sp. nov.
99/1
A. israelensis CBS 140627T
A. unguis NRRL 2393T
A. stellatus NRRL 1858T
A. aeneus NRRL 4769T
Colour illustrations. Chile, Atacama desert, from soil, 2014, coll. A.M.
Stchigel, isol. J.P.Z. Siqueira (holotype CBS H-23244, cultures ex-type FMR
15743 = CBS 143587, ITS, LSU, BenA, CaM and RPB2 sequences GenBank LT903691, LT992011, LT903682, LT903685 and LT903688, MycoBank
MB823690).
Aenei
A. spectabilis NRRL 6363T
Usti
A. ustus NRRL 275T
A. pseudodeflectus NRRL 6135T
Maximum Likelihood tree inferred with MEGA v. 6 software
(Tamura et al. 2013) from the combined ITS, BenA, CaM
and RPB2 regions from the ex-type strains ( T ) of the species
included in the A. multicolor clade of section Nidulantes and
selected Aspergillus sections Nidulantes, Usti and Aenei species. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values ≥ 70 %
and Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥ 0.95 are displayed at
the nodes. Thickened branches correspond to fully supported
clades (100/1). The A. multicolor clade is indicated in the grey
box and the novel species in bold face.
João Paulo Zen Siqueira, Josepa Gené, Dania García & Josep Guarro, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV,
Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain;
e-mail: jpzensiqueira@yahoo.com.br, josepa.gene@urv.cat, dania.garcias@urv.cat & josep.guarro@urv.cat
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
262
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Aspergillus serratalhadensis
263
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 720 – 13 July 2018
Aspergillus serratalhadensis L.F. Oliveira, R.N. Barbosa, G.M.R. Albuquerque,
Souza-Motta, Viana Marques, sp. nov.
Etymology. serratalhadensis, refers to the Brazilian city Serra Talhada,
the location of the ex-type strain of this species.
new species Aspergillus serratalhadensis is a distinct lineage
which belongs to Aspergillus section Nigri, clustering in the
A. aculeatus clade. The BLASTn analysis showed low similarity of BenA sequences: A. aculeatus (GenBank HE577806.1;
93 %) and A. brunneoviolaceus (GenBank EF661105.1; 92 %).
For CmD low similarities were found to A. aculeatus (GenBank FN594542.1; 90 %) and A. brunneoviolaceus (GenBank
EF661147.1; 90 %). Aspergillus serratalhadensis and these
two species are uniseriate. However, in A. brunneoviolaceus
the conidia are globose to ellipsoidal, smooth, slightly roughened, 3.5 – 4.5(– 6) × 3.5 – 4.5(– 5) μm diam, with a spherical
vesicle, (30 –)35 –70(– 90) μm diam. In A. aculeatus conidia
were spherical, smooth, slightly roughened, 4.9 – 5.4 μm diam,
with a spherical vesicle, 60 – 63 μm diam (Klich 2002, Jurjević
et al. 2012).The new species described also differs in growth
rate on the various media tested. Aspergillus serratalhadensis
was isolated from soil collected in the Brazilian tropical dry forest (Caatinga) in the city of Serra Talhada, Pernambuco state.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
On MEA: Stipes brown, smooth, (200 –)250 – 400(– 500) × 8–
9(–10) μm; conidial heads pale to dark brown; uniseriate; vesicle
subglobose to globose, (32 –)50 × 50(– 42) μm diam; phialides
flask-shaped and covering the entire surface of the vesicle,
measuring (1.5–)2 × 1.5(–2) µm; conidia globose occasionally
subglobose, rough-walled to echinulate, brown-black in mass,
5(– 6.5) μm diam including ornamentation.
Culture characteristics — (in the dark, 25 °C after 7 d): Colonies on MEA 54–56 mm diam, sporulating dark brown to black,
mycelium white, floccose, exudate absent, no soluble pigments,
reverse brownish to buff. Colonies on CYA 60 – 68 mm diam,
dark brown to black, mycelium white, floccose, exudate absent,
no soluble pigments, reverse brownish to buff. Colonies on OA
38 – 40 mm diam, sporulating dark brown to black, mycelium
white to pale, floccose, exudate absent, no soluble pigments,
reverse darkness. Colonies on YES 60 – 65 mm diam, sporulating dark brown to black, mycelium white, floccose, sulcate,
exudate absent, no soluble pigments, reverse pale. Colonies
on CY20S 60 – 65 mm diam, with black sporulation, mycelium
white, floccose, no exudate, no soluble pigments, reverse pale
to pale buff. Colonies on CREA growing more slowly compared
with other media, 19–20 mm diam, poor sporulation, mycelium
white, production of acid positive. No growth on MEA and CYA
at 37 °C.
1
Aspergillus piperis CBS 112811
Aspergillus luchuensis CBS 205.80
1
Aspergillus costaricaensis CBS 115574
A. tubingensis
Aspergillus eucalypticola CBS 122712 clade
0.53
0.86
Aspergillus vadensis CBS 113365
1
Aspergillus tubingensis NRRL 4875
0.98
1
Typus. Brazil, Pernambuco state, Serra Talhada, S7°57'21" W38°17'34",
isolated from soil, Sept. 2015, L.F. Oliveira (holotype URM 91189, ex-type
culture URM 7866, ITS, BenA, CmD and RPB2 sequences GenBank
MH169127, LT993222, LT993223 and LT995971, MycoBank MB824978).
A. niger
aggregate
Aspergillus neoniger CBS 115656
1
Aspergillus niger CBS 554.65
A. niger/welwitschiae
Aspergillus welwitschiae CBS 139.54 clade
Aspergillus brasiliensis CBS 101740
1
Aspergillus sclerotiicarbonarius CBS 121057
0.79
Aspergillus ibericus CBS 35644
1
1
1
Notes — ITS, CmD and BenA sequences are important
identification markers for Aspergillus (Fungaro et al. 2017, Samson et al. 2014). Based on the current phylogenetic analysis, the
Aspergillus carbonarius CBS 111.26
A.carbonarius
clade
Aspergillus sclerotioniger CBS 115572
Aspergillus ellipticus CBS 482.65
1
Aspergillus heteromorphus CBS 117.55
1
1
A. heteromorphus
clade
Aspergillus aculeatinus CBS 121060
Aspergillus trinidadensis NRRL 62479
Aspergillus fijiensis CBS 313.89
1 1
1
0.83
Aspergillus aculeatus NRRL 5094
A. aculeatus
clade
Aspergillus floridensis NRRL 62478
1
1
1
Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus CBS 621.78
1
Aspergillus indologenus CBS 114.80
Aspergillus japonicus CBS 114.51
Aspergillus uvarum CBS 121591
1
Aspergillus serratalhadensis sp.nov
1
0.54
Aspergillus homomorphus CBS 101889
Aspergillus saccharolyticus CBS 127449
A. homomorphus
clade
Aspergillus labruscus ITAL 22.223
0.05
Colour illustrations. Caatinga’s soil, isolation source of Aspergillus ser
ratalhadensis; conidia; conidiophores from 7-d-old colonies on MEA. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Aspergillus flavus CBS 569.65
Bayesian inference tree obtained by phylogenetic analyses of
the combined ITS, BenA and CmD sequences conducted in
MrBayes on XSEDE in the CIPRES science gateway. Bayesian posterior probability values are indicated at the nodes. The
new species is indicated in bold face. Aspergillus flavus (CBS
569.65) was used as outgroup.
Luiz F. de Oliveira & Daniela de A. Viana Marques, Universidade de Pernambuco- Campus Serra Talhada, Serra Talhada, Brazil;
e-mail: luizfernandomedupe@gmail.com, daniela.viana@upe.br
Renan N. Barbosa, Greicilene M.R. Albuquerque & Cristina M. Souza-Motta, URM Culture Collection, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,
Recife, Brazil; e-mail: renan.rnb@gmail.com, greicilenealbuquerque@yahoo.com.br & cristina.motta@ufpe.br
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
264
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Baorangia alexandri
265
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 721 – 13 July 2018
Baorangia alexandri Svetash., Simonini & Vizzini, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named in honour of the collector of the species, the Russian
mycologist Alexander Kovalenko, for his important contributions to the study
of Agaricales and Boletales in Russia.
Classification — Boletaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetes.
Pileus 40 –100 mm diam, at first hemispherical, then convex
to almost flat; surface dry, velutinous when young, almost
smooth and shining with age, carmine red, pinkish red to dark
pink, slowly turning blue when injured; pileus margin involute,
then relaxed, slightly lobate, sharp. Hymenophore surface from
concave to flat or only slightly convex, bright yellow, dark blue
indigo when injured, then dingy orange-yellow or olive; tubes
at the beginning decurrent, very short (1– 2 mm), then slowly
well-developed, up to 7 mm in length, sinuate adherent to the
stipe; pores small, round or slightly angular. Stipe 30 –70 ×
10 – 25 mm, usually shorter than pileus width, stout, more or
less cylindrical or clavate with enlarged lower part, often tapered
to the base, yellow at the apex, below carmine-red, usually
without reticulum but sometimes with a very thin reticulation at
the very apex, dotted with reddish granules throughout its lower
part or only in the middle part; surface slowly turning blue when
injured. Context yellow, slowly turning blue. Odour and taste indistinct. Sporeprint olive-brown. Spores (n = 54, one collection)
(8 –)9.5 –10.5(–11.5) × (3.5 –)4 – 4.5(– 5) μm, Q = 2.35– 2.67,
Qm = 2.51, Vm = 81, slightly oblong to ventricose in face view;
in profile view somewhat inequilateral to oblong, and showing
a shallow suprahilar depression; nearly hyaline to pale dingy
ochraceous when mounted in potassium hydroxide solution
(3 % KOH), with smooth surface. Basidia 25.5 – 30.5 × 8 – 9.5
μm, mostly 4-spored. Hymenophoral (tube) trama divergent
and gelatinous, of the ‘boletus-type’. Cheilocystidia fusiform,
hyaline, 47–55 × 9.5–10.5 μm. Pleurocystidia fusiform, hyaline,
47– 61.5 × 10 –12 μm. Pileipellis a trichoderm of interwoven
hyphae, from suberected tending to prostrate, not gelatinised,
smooth, hyaline or weak yellow in 3 % KOH; terminal elements
(17–)33–67.5(–78) × (6–)6.5–10(–13) μm. Caulohymenium a
layer of sterile elements, cylindrical to inflated, often forming
chains, 17.5 – 25 × 4 –11.5 μm, hyaline to yellowish, with scattered basidia. Clamp connections absent.
Habit, Habitat & Distribution — Solitary or in small groups,
in deciduous forests with Quercus mongolica, undergrowth of
Corylus heterophilla and Lespedeza bicolor. Rare, so far known
only from a single station in Asiatic Russia.
Typus. rUSSia, Primorsky Krai, Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve, deciduous
forest with Quercus mongolica (Fagaceae), N44°57'24" E136°33'35", 19
Aug. 2013, A. Kovalenko (holotype LE 254266, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MH043611 and MH036169, MycoBank MB 825173).
Colour illustrations. Russia, Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve, deciduous
forest with Quercus mongolica, where the holotype was collected (photo by
O. Morosova); basidiomata (photo by A. Kovalenko); spores, basidia, elements of the pileipellis, cheilocystidia, pleurocystidia and caulocystidia (all
from the holotype, photos by T. Svetasheva). Microscopic elements observed
in 3 % KOH. Scale bars = 20 mm (basidiomata), 10 μm (microscopic elements).
Additional material examined. Baorangia alexandri. rUSSia, Primorsky
Krai, Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve, vic. of Blagodatnoye, deciduous forest
with Quercus mongolica, 19 Aug. 2013, A. Kovalenko, LE 254265, ITS and
LSU sequences GenBank MH043612 and MH036170. Baorangia emileorum. italy, Lazio, Latina, wood of Valle Fredda, loc. S. Martino, Priverno, in
a mixed broadleaved wood with Quercus suber, Q. ilex and Q. cerris, under
Q. cerris, N41°72'379" E12°32'175", 17 Nov. 2012, A. Vizzini, GS 10213, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MH043613 and MH036171; Liguria, Savona,
Borgio Verezzi, under Q. ilex, 13 Nov. 2014, A. Vizzini, TO HG131114, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MH043617 and MH036175; Sardinia, Parco
del Sulcis, Nuxis (CA), Monte Tiriccu, loc. Arcu su Fixi, under Q. ilex, 17 Oct.
2015, A. Tatti, TO HG171015, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH043615
and MH036173; ibid., 19 Oct. 2015, A. Tatti, TO HG191015, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MH043614 and MH036172. – portUgal, Madeira
Island, Levada do Furado, near Ribeiro Frio, on the slope under the path,
under Quercus sp., 26 Sept. 2015, J. Borovička, PRM 934960, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MH043616 and MH036174. Lanmaoa fragrans. italy,
Piemonte, Torino, Venaria Reale, Parco Naturale La Mandria, under Q. robur,
6 Oct. 2002, A. Vizzini, TO HG061002, LSU sequence GenBank MH036176.
Notes — GS refers to the personal herbarium of G. Simonini.
The phylogenetic hypotheses were constructed using the Maximum likelihood (ML) approach (RAxML v. 7.3.2, Stamatakis
2006). Based on the ITS and LSU analyses, the two collections
of Baorangia alexandri represent a new species. Baorangia
alexandri clusters sister (bs = 57 %) to B. pseudocalopus (the
type species of the genus) in the ITS analysis and, with low
support, to a clade consisting of B. emileorum and B. pseudo
calopus and two Baorangia sp. (GenBank KF112355 and
KF112356) in the LSU analysis.
Baorangia pseudocalopus, so far known from China, Japan
(Wu et al. 2016) and India, is the phylogenetically closest species to B. alexandri according to the ITS analysis. However,
morphologically it is quite different, since its basidiome exhibits
not so bright colours, pileus shows predominantly grey, pale
reddish grey, light brown or pinkish brown colours, stipe is
slightly paler, spores are slightly bigger (9–12.5 × 4–5 μm) and
less elongated, hyphae of pileipellis are coloured in brown or
yellowish brown tinges. Baorangia bicolor and B. emileorum
(the orthographically correct species epithet for emilii, Parra
et al. 2017) are morphologically quite similar to B. alexandri.
Since B. bicolor was firstly interpreted in a wide sense including some cryptic species, it is currently problematic to separate
some morphological features which distinguish strictly B. bicolor
from its relatives. Probably the only distinguishing character
(besides the genetic one) is the geographical distribution: until
now B. bicolor is known only from North America (Bessette et al.
2010, 2016). Baorangia emileorum is characterised by a more
massive and fleshy basidiome than B. alexandri, with stouter
stipe and more decurrent hymenophore, pileus margin more
irregular and undulate, colouration of pileus and stipe surface
with usually brighter tints of red: purplish red, carmine red,
garnet red, currant red; its spores are statistically longer and
narrower, Q = (2.7–)2.8–3.4(–3.6) (according to Muñoz 2005),
Q = 2.65– 3.27 based on our observations on 132 spores from
4 collections; B. emileorum is until now only known from the
Mediterranean area (France, Greece, Italy, Portugal (Madeira)
and Spain) (Muñoz 2005 and pers. obs.).
For supplementary information see GenBank.
Alfredo Vizzini & Enrico Ercole, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, I-10125 Torino, Italy;
e-mail: alfredo.vizzini@unito.it & e.ercole@unito.it
Tatyana Svetasheva, Biology and Technologies of Living Systems Department,Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University, 125 Lenin av.,
300026 Tula, Russia; Komarov Botanical Institute, 2 Prof. Popova str., 197376, St-Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: foxtail_svett@mail.ru
Giampaolo Simonini, Via Bell’Aria 8, I-42121 Reggio nell’Emilia, Italy; e-mail: giamsim@tin.it
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
266
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Cladosporium michoacanense
267
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 722 – 13 July 2018
Cladosporium michoacanense Iturrieta-González, Gené & Dania García, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Michoacán, the geographical area where the
fungus was collected.
Classification — Cladosporiaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideo
mycetes.
Colonies sporulating on synthetic nutrient-poor agar. Mycelium
consisting of branched, septate, smooth, brown, 2 – 3 µm wide
hyphae. Conidiophores macronematous, erect to slightly flexuous, 1–16-septate, branched or unbranched, pale to medium
olivaceous brown, smooth, verruculose to tuberculate 24 – 552
× 3–3.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, cylindrical, 14–20 ×
2–3 µm, bearing 2–4 subdenticulate loci, 1 µm wide, thickened,
darkened and refractive. Primary ramoconidia 0 –1-septate,
pale brown, smooth to somewhat tuberculate, cylindrical to
subcylindrical, 11– 31 × 2 – 3 µm, with up to three distal hila;
hilum thickened, darkened and refractive. Secondary ramoco
nidia aseptate, pale brown, smooth, cylindrical to subcylindrical,
10 –15 × 2 – 3 µm, with up to 4 distal hila. Conidia in branched
chains, with up to 4 conidia in the terminal unbranched part,
aseptate, pale brown, smooth, with protuberant and darkened
hila; intercalary conidia, ellipsoidal and obovoid, 5–12.5 × 2–3.5
µm; small terminal conidia subglobose, obovoid, pyriform, ellipsoidal, occasionally fusiform, 2.5 – 6.5 × 1.5– 2 µm.
Culture characteristics — (at 25 °C in 2 wk): Colonies on
PDA up to 34 mm diam, slightly dusty to velvety, radially folded,
olive to dull green (3F3 /28E4) (Kornerup & Wanscher 1978),
aerial mycelium scarce, margin regular; reverse dark green
(28F8); exudate scarce, consisting of small colourless droplets
on the colony surface. On OA, up to 23 mm diam, slightly dusty,
flat, olive to dark green (2F4 /29F8), aerial mycelium scarce,
margin irregular; reverse dark green (29F8) to black. On SNA,
up to 22 mm diam, slightly dusty, flat, olive (3F4-8), aerial mycelium scarce, margin regular; reverse olive (2F4).
Cardinal temperature for growth — Optimum 20 °C, maximum 30 °C, minimum 5 °C.
98
94 C. sphaerospermum CBS 193.54
C. sphaerospermum CBS 193.54
T
C. longissimum CBS 300.96
C. velox CBS 119417
T
T
C. coloradense CBS 143357
C. succulentum CBS 140466
T
T
T
C. aciculare CBS 140488
98 C. fusiforme CBS 119414
97
T
C. fusiforme EXF-397
FMR 15914
T
C. michoacanense sp. nov.
89 FMR 15932
C. aphidis CBS 132182
97
ET
C. austrohemisphaericum CBS 140482
C. psychrotolerans CBS 119412 T
C. sloanii CBS 143364
T
Typus. mexiCo, Michoacán, Villa Jiménez, from soil, Sept. 2016, leg.
E. RodriguezAndrade (holotype CBS H-23245, cultures ex-type FMR
15914 = CBS 143588, ITS, LSU, actA and tef1 sequences GenBank
LT907958, LT934506.1, LT907961 and LT907945, MycoBank MB823063).
Additional material examined. mexiCo, Michoacán, Morelia, from soil, Sept.
2016, leg. E. RodriguezAndrade, FMR 15932, ITS, actA and tef1 sequences
GenBank LT907944, LT907960 and LT907959.
Notes — Cladosporium michoacanense belongs to the
C. sphaerospermum complex (Bensch et al. 2018). Based on
the combined analysis of ITS, actA and tef1 markers, its closest relative is C. fusiforme. However, the lineage formed by
the two isolates of C. michoacanense received a high statistical support and showed a phylogenetic distance of 1 % with
respect to the lineage of the ex-type strain of C. fusiforme (CBS
119414). Cladosporium fusiforme differs from our novel species
in several morphological aspects, such as in having shorter
conidiophores (up to 200 µm long), larger primary (15 – 40 µm
long) and secondary ramoconidia ((7–)8 – 24(– 31) µm long),
and terminal conidia commonly being fusiform (Zalar et al.
2007). Cladosporium michoacanense exhibits small conidia
of varied shape (subglobose, ellipsoidal, obovoid, pyriform),
but rarely fusiform.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database using LSU sequences, the closest species were
C. sphaerospermum (GenBank DQ780351.2; Identities =
840/844 (99 %), Gaps = 1/844 (0 %)), C. longissimum (GenBank DQ780352.2; Identities = 838/844 (99 %), Gaps = 1/844
(0 %)) and C. langeronii (GenBank DQ780380.2; Identities =
836 /844 (99 %), Gaps = 1/844 (0 %)). The closest hits using
ITS sequences were C. cladosporioides (GenBank JF911745.1;
Identities 499/500 (99 %), Gaps = 0/500 (0 %)), C. succulentum
(GenBank LN834434.1; Identities = 501/511 (98 %), Gaps =
5/511 (0 %)) and C. crousii (GenBank NR_148192.1; Identities
= 500/511 (98 %), Gaps = 3/511 (0 %)). The closest hits using
the actA sequences were C. fusiforme (GenBank KJ596640.1;
Identities = 205/216 (95 %), Gaps = 4/216 (1 %)), C. aciculare
(GenBank KT600607.1; Identities = 214/232 (92 %), Gaps =
0 /232 (0 %)) and C. velox (GenBank KT600654.1; Identities
= 202 /225 (90 %), Gaps = 2 /225 (0 %)). The closest hits with
tef1 sequences were C. fusiforme (GenBank KJ596595.1;
Identities = 236 /252 (94 %), Gaps = 3/252 (1 %)), C. aciculare
(GenBank KT600509.1; Identities = 236 /263 (90 %), Gaps =
1/ 262 (0 %)) and C. velox (GenBank KT600556.1; Identities =
216/258 (84 %), Gaps = 4/258 (1 %)).
T
C. langeronii CBS 189.54
NT
C. neolangeronii CBS 109868
99 C. neolangeronii CBS 797.97
100
94
T
C. penidielloides CBS 140489
C. salinae CBS 119413 T
C. parahalotolerans CBS 139585
T
T
C. halotolerans CBS 119416
T
C. domesticum CBS 143358
T
100 C. domesticum CPC 22225
C. ruguloflabelliforme CBS 140494
T
99 C. pulvericola CBS 109788
C. pulvericola CBS 143362
76
T
C. cycadicola CBS 137970
C. dominicanum CBS 119415
C. lebrasiae CBS 138283
76
C. cladosporioides CBS 112388
T
T
C. lebrasiae UBOCC-A-112061
T
0.02
Colour illustrations. Villa Jiménez, Michoacán (Imagen Credit Marco A.
Ambris), Mexico; colony sporulating on PDA after 2 wk at 25 °C; conidiophores and conidia on SNA after 7 d at 25 °C. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the combined analysis
of ITS, actA and tef1 sequences of the C. sphaerospermum
species complex (Bensch et al. 2018). Bootstrap support values above 70 % are indicated on the nodes. The alignment
included 977 bp and was performed with ClustalW. The Kimura
2-parameter with Gamma distribution (G) was used as the best
nucleotide substitution model. Both the alignment and tree
were constructed with MEGA v. 6.0 (Tamura et al. 2013). The
new species proposed herein is in the green box and ex-type,
ex-epitype and ex-neotype strains are indicated with T, ET and
NT
, respectively.
Isabel Iturrieta-González, Josepa Gené, Dania García & Josep Guarro, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV,
Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain;
e-mail: isabeliturrieta@gmail.com, josepa.gene@urv.cat, dania.garcias@urv.cat & josep.guarro@urv.cat
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
268
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Colletotrichum condaoense
269
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 723 – 13 July 2018
Colletotrichum condaoense Damm, sp. nov.
Etymology. The species epithet is derived from the locality where it was
collected, Côn Đảo Islands, Vietnam.
Classification — Glomerellaceae, Glomerellales, Sordario
mycetes.
Sexual morph on SNA. Ascomata ovoidal to obpyriform, medium to dark brown, glabrous, 170 – 260 × 150 –180 μm, ostiolate, wall 10 –14 μm (4 – 6 cells) thick, outer layer composed of
flattened pale brown angular cells, 5 –17.5 μm diam. Interascal
tissue composed of paraphyses, hyaline, septate, branched
at the base, disintegrating quickly, 35 –70 μm long, base 3 – 5
μm diam, apically free, the apex rounded. Asci cylindrical to
clavate, 55–72 × 11–15.5 μm, 8-spored. Ascospores biseriately
arranged, hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, fusoid, usually
more tapering towards one end than to the other, straight or
slightly curved, both ends rounded or one end rounded and
other end ± acute, (12.5 –)15 –18.5(– 21.5) × (4.5 –)5.5 –7(– 9)
μm, mean ± SD = 16.6 ± 1.7 × 6.2 ± 0.8 μm, L/W ratio = 2.7.
Asexual morph on SNA. Vegetative hyphae 1–8 μm diam, hyaline, smooth-walled, septate, branched. Chlamydospores not
observed. Conidiomata consisting of conidiophores and setae
formed directly on hyphae. Setae (few observed) pale brown,
smooth-walled, 14–50 μm long, 3–4-septate, base cylindrical,
5–5.5 μm diam, tip ± rounded. Conidiophores hyaline, smoothwalled, septate, branched, to 20 μm long. Conidiogenous cells
hyaline, smooth-walled, ovoid to doliiform, with a double gelatinous layer, sometimes integrated, 7–19 × 5 – 6 μm, opening
1.5 – 2 μm diam, collarette ≤ 0.5 μm long, periclinal thickening
distinct. Conidia hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, straight,
sometimes very slightly curved, apex and base rounded, hilum sometimes visible, 12.5 –14(–15) × 5 – 5.5(– 6) μm, av. ±
SD = 13.4 ± 0.8 × 5.4 ± 0.3 μm, L /W ratio = 2.5. Appressoria
single, pale to medium brown, smooth-walled, elliptical, clavate,
subglobose or irregular outline, with an undulate or lobate margin, (4.5–)7.5–13(–15) × (3–)4.5–8.5(–12) μm, av. ± SD = 10.3
± 2.6 × 6.4 ± 1.9 μm, L/W ratio = 1.6.
Culture characteristics — (near UV light with a 12 h photoperiod, 20 °C after 10 d): Colonies on SNA flat with entire
margin, hyaline to cinnamon, agar medium, filter paper and
Anthriscus stem partly covered with grey fruiting bodies (ascomata) and sparse whitish aerial mycelium, reverse same
colours; growth 12.5 –15 mm in 7 d (19 – 21.5 mm in 10 d).
Colonies on OA flat with entire margin; buff, salmon, ochreous to isabelline, partly covered with grey ascomata, salmon
to ochreous conidiomata and sparse whitish aerial mycelium,
reverse olivaceous grey, growth 14 –16 mm in 7 d (23 – 24.5
mm in 10 d). Conidia in mass rosy buff to pale salmon.
Typus. Vietnam, Côn Đảo Islands, Côn Sơn, sea shore, from leaf spots
on Ipomoea pescaprae (Convolvulaceae), 12 Dec. 2012, U. Damm (CBS
H-21508 holotype, culture ex-holotype CBS 134299; ITS, gapdh, tub2, chs1,
his3 and LSU sequences GenBank MH229914, MH229920, MH229923,
MH229926, MH229927 and MH229917, MycoBank MB825023).
Colour illustrations. Sea shore of Côn Sơn (Vietnam); left: leaf of Ipomoea
pescaprae with leaf spots; conidiophores; conidia; conidiomata; appressoria;
right: ascomata; asci; ascospores. Scale bars = 10 μm.
Additional material examined. Vietnam, Côn Đảo Islands, Côn Sơn, sea
shore, from leaf spots on Ipomoea pescaprae, 12 Dec. 2012, U. Damm,
culture CBS 135823, ITS, gapdh, tub2 and LSU sequences GenBank
MH229915, MH229921, MH229924 and MH229918; idem, culture CBS
135989, ITS, gapdh, tub2 and LSU sequences GenBank MH229916,
MH229922, MH229925 and MH229919.
Notes — Ipomoea pescaprae, called bayhops, beach morning glory or goat’s foot, is a creeping vine that grows worldwide
at tropical beaches; it is one of the most common and most
widely distributed salt tolerant plants and one of the first colonisers of dunes (https://en.wikipedia.org/).
Two Colletotrichum species were described from Ipomoea,
none from I. pescaprae. Colletotrichum ipomoeae was described from stems of I. batatas in Portugal (De Sousa da
Câmara 1931) with conidia that are larger than those of C. con
daoense 16 – 25 × 3.5 – 5 μm, while C. ipomoeicola (Rao 1963)
from leaves of I. batatas in India, has curved conidia. There
are several Colletotrichum species on Ipomoea listed in Farr &
Rossman (2018): C. truncatum (syn. C. capsici), C. circinans,
C. dematium, C. dematium f. ipomoaea, C. gloeosporioides,
C. ipomoeicola and Colletotrichum sp. However, there is no
report from Ipomoea pescaprae, and most of the species
listed are species with curved conidia (Rao 1963, Damm et
al. 2009), except for C. gloeosporioides (Weir et al. 2012). All
reports were from disease indexes/lists or from references prior
to the molecular era, and therefore most of the identifications
are not reliable.
There is no sequence of a Colletotrichum species from I. pes
caprae in GenBank, but six sequences of five strains from
other Ipomoea spp. Three of them (GenBank KT185055 and
KT185056, Huang et al., unpubl. data, and JN672591, Hipol
2012) could be assigned to the C. orchidearum and C. mag
num species complexes, respectively (Damm et al. 2019),
while the other two strains (GenBank JN672598, Hipol 2012,
and DQ117967/DQ119125, Steiner et al. 2006), belong to the
C. boninense species complex but are not conspecific with
C. condaoense (95 % and 98 % sequence identity). In contrast,
the ITS of the ex-type strain of C. condaoense is 100 % identical with ‘C. hippeastri’ strain TV-06 (GenBank KR704574) from
a leaf of Croton bonplandianus (Euphorbiaceae) probably in
India (U. Nagajyothi et al., unpubl. data). It is possible that this
is also C. condaoense; however, sequences of more loci are
necessary to confirm this.
The closest species in BLASTn searches with ITS, gapdh, tub2,
chs1 and his3 sequences of the ex-holotype of C. condaoense,
CBS 134299, in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database restricted
to ex-type strains, is C. parsonsiae (C. boninense species complex) with four (99 %), seven (97 %), six (99 %), one (99 %)
and four (99 %) nucleotides different, respectively. There are
several morphological differences between C. condaoense
and C. parsonsiae. For example, conidia of C. condaoense are
shorter than those of C. parsonsiae (18.5 × 5.4 μm on average
on SNA), and the shapes of appressoria and ascospores are
different (Damm et al. 2012). Based on these results we regard
the strains from I. pescaprae as a new species belonging to
the C. boninense species complex.
Ulrike Damm, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, PF 300 154, 02806 Görlitz, Germany;
e-mail: Ulrike.Damm@senckenberg.de
Pedro W. Crous, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
270
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Colletotrichum cobbittiense
271
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 724 – 13 July 2018
Colletotrichum cobbittiense S. Luo, G. Dong & P. Wong, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the location, Cobbitty, where it was found.
Classification — Glomerellaceae, Glomerellales, Sordario
mycetes.
Sexual morph not observed. Asexual morph on PDA. Hyphae
1– 4 μm diam, hyaline, darkening with age, smooth-walled,
septate, branched. Mycelium hyaline, becoming grey and dark
grey in patches with age. Conidiomata cream to pale brown.
Conidiophores hyaline, septate, single or branched. Conidio
genous cells hyaline, smooth-walled, mostly cylindrical, 8–14 ×
2 – 4 μm. Conidia hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, cylindrical
with rounded ends, sometimes tapering to a rounded end or
narrowed at the centre, (11–)12(–17) × (4 –)5(– 6) μm. Appres
soria single or in clusters, pale to dark brown, smooth-walled,
subglobose to ellipsoidal or broadly cylindrical, sometimes
tapering to apex, with entire, undulate or lobate margin, 8 –18
× 4– 8 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA reaching 55 mm
diam in 5 d at 25 °C in the dark; moderate white aerial mycelium,
becoming grey to dark grey at the centre or in patches, with
moderate sporulation on cream to pale brown conidiomata.
Reverse grey to dark grey at centre and in patches after 10 d
incubation. Setae not observed. Appressoria abundant, adhering to the plastic surface of the agar plate.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Cobbitty, from leaf lesions of a
Cordyline interspecific hybrid (C. stricta × C. australis) (Asparagaceae), Jan.
2016, S. Luo & G. Dong (holotype BRIP 66219, includes ex-type culture, ITS,
GAPDH, ACT, CHS1, HIS3 and TUB2 sequences GenBank MH087016,
MH094133, MH094134, MH094135, MH094136 and MH094137, MycoBank
MB824862).
Notes — Leaf spots were observed on the leaves of a
Cordyline interspecific hybrid (C. stricta × C. australis) tree
in the garden of the Plant Breeding Institute, Cobbitty, New
South Wales, Australia. The leaf lesions were characterised
by bleached centres and diffuse brownish margins around the
lesions (see photo plate). The leaf spots were generally small
(5–10 mm) and discrete. This pathogen has not been previously
recorded in Australia (Shivas et al. 2016).
Phylogenetic analyses based on sequence data from six loci
(ACT, CHS1, GAPDH, HIS3, ITS and TUB2) place the fungus
in the Kahawae clade of the C. gloeosporioides complex (Weir
et al. 2012). It is closest to C. ti but differs in having smaller
conidia (mean length of 12 μm vs 16 μm), a growth rate of about
twice as fast on PDA (55 mm diam after 5 d vs 50 – 55 mm after
10 d) and in not producing ascomata in culture. Colletotrichum
ti has only been found in New Zealand on Cordyline spp. while
C. cobbittiense was isolated from lesions on leaves of a Cor
dyline interspecific hybrid (C. stricta × C. australis).
C. nupharicola CBS 470.96*
C. fructicola ICMP 18581*
72
C. alienum ICMP 12071*
77
C. aenigma ICMP 18608*
42
C. musae CBS 116870*
C. siamense ICMP 18578*
80
C. tropicale CBS 124949*
70
100
C. aeschynomenes ICMP 17673*
C. asianum ICMP 18580*
100
C. queenslandicum ICMP 1778*
73
C. salsolae ICMP 19051*
93
Multilocus phylogenetic tree inferred from the combined ACT,
CHS1, GAPDH, HIS3, ITS and TUB2 sequence alignment.
The evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA v. 7 (Kumar et al. 2016) using the Maximum Likelihood method based
on the Kimura 2-parameter model. The tree was rooted to
C. cymbidiicola IMI: 347923*. Ex-type strains are marked with
an asterisk (*).
73
96
26
20
41
C. gloeosporioides IMI 356878*
C. alatae CBS 304.67*
C. horii NBRC 7478*
100
C. cobbittiense BRIP 66219*
C.
ti ICMP 4832*
97
C. aotearoa ICMP 18537*
59
C. cordylinicola MFLUCC 090551*
40
C. psidii CBS 145.29*
64
C. kahawae subsp. kahawae IMI 319418*
65
C. clidemiae ICMP 18658*
C. xanthorrhoeae BRIP 45094*
C. theobromicola CBS 124945*
C. cymbidiicola IMI 347923*
0.02
Colour illustrations. Cordyline trees; leaf spot symptom on a Cordyline
interspecific hybrid (C. stricta × C. australis); conidiophores and conidia;
appressoria adhering to the plastic surface of agar plate. Scale bars (from
left to right) = 10 mm, 10 µm, 10 µm.
Shuming Luo, Gina Dong & Percy T.W. Wong, University of Sydney, Plant Breeding Institute, 107 Cobbitty Rd, Cobbitty, New South Wales, Australia;
e-mail: shuming.luo@sydney.edu.au, ginadgj@163.com & percy.wong@sydney.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
272
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Coprinopsis afrocinerea
273
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 725 – 13 July 2018
Coprinopsis afrocinerea Mešić, Tkalčec, Čerkez, I. Kušan & Matočec, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the continent on which the type material was
found and its similarity to Coprinopsis cinerea.
Classification — Psathyrellaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomy
cetes.
Pileus up to 28 mm wide when expanded, ellipsoid to paraboloid at first, later conical to convex, finally applanate or planoconcave with revolute margin, strongly plicate-sulcate except
in the central disc, light to medium brown at centre and whitish
to light brown towards the edge when young, later light grey to
brownish grey except brownish to brown central disc, mostly
with serrated edge at maturity. Veil on young pileus composed
of dense, loosely adpressed hairs, easily detaching, more scattered and floccose at maturity, completely white or light rusty
brown in the central zone. Lamellae free, moderately crowded,
L = c. 45, l = c. 1– 3, white at first, later grey, finally brownblack and deliquescent. Stipe 30 –70 × 1.5 – 2.5 mm, central,
cylindrical or gradually thickened towards the base, not rooting,
hollow, dry, hairy-fibrillose at first, later hairy-floccose (more
pronounced towards the base), sometimes becoming glabrous
in the upper part, hairs white, underneath the surface brownish to light brown. Odour and taste not observed. Spore print
brown-black. Basidiospores (250/5/3) (9.5 –)10 –11.6 –13.3 ×
6.8 –7.9– 9.1 μm (in KOH 2.5 %), in average (among different
basidiomata) 11.3 –12 × 7.7– 8.1 μm, Q = (1.28–)1.35 –1.47–
1.59(–1.64), Qav = 1.43–1.5, ellipsoid to ovoid in frontal view,
ellipsoid to (sub)amygdaliform in side view, with rounded to
slightly conical base and rounded apex, not flattened, smooth,
dark reddish brown in H2O, dark brown in KOH, non-amyloid
and non-dextrinoid, slightly transparent, thick-walled (up to 1.5
μm); germ-pore central with inner diam of 1–1.6 μm and outer
diam of 2 – 3.5 μm, covered with disk- to plate-shaped, transparent, red-brown lid, (2.2 –)2.6 – 3.2(– 3.6) × 0.3 – 0.6(– 0.8)
μm (measured in H2O), mostly attached to the spore in H2O,
profusely releasing from the spore surface in KOH, expanding (up to 6 μm wide) and shaped like contact lens. Basidia
15 – 30 × 8.5 –11 μm, clavate, 4-spored, thin-walled, hyaline,
surrounded by 3 – 6 hymenophysalides (pseudoparaphyses).
Cheilocystidia probably present, but totally collapsed and
unrecognizable in our material (even in young basidiomata).
Pleurocystidia of trabecular type (anchored in two neighbouring
lamellae), abundant, elongated, c. 40 –100 μm long, hyaline,
rather collapsed in our material (not fully recovered in KOH).
Veil cells on the pileus 20 – 200 × 2.5 – 25(– 30) μm, cylindrical
to (somewhat) inflated, in chains, often constricted at the septa,
with cylindrical, inflated, conical or fusiform terminal elements,
not diverticulate, exceptionally with individual and simple excrescences, not branched, thin-walled (up to 0.5 μm), at the
centre of the pileus sometimes moderately thick-walled (up to
0.8 μm) or rarely thick-walled at places (up to 2 μm), glabrous,
less frequently finely encrusted, rarely coarsely encrusted at the
centre, hyaline or pale yellow-brown at the centre. Pileipellis a
cutis, composed of repent, hyaline, thin-walled, 1.5–25 μm wide
hyphae, often constricted at septa, with narrowest hyphae on
the surface. Stipitipellis a cutis, composed of repent, cylindrical,
Colour illustrations. Heavily disturbed secondary tropical forest in vicinity
of Akure, Nigeria; basidiomata (top); basidiospores (top first three in H2O,
all other basidiospores in KOH); veil on the pileus (phase contrast). Scale
bars = 10 mm (basidiomata), 5 µm (basidiospores), 20 µm (veil).
hyaline, thin-walled, 2–10 μm wide hyphae. Clamp connections
present and abundant.
Distribution & Habitat — Nigeria, Lagos and Ondo States,
two localities 182 km apart; gregarious on sandy/gravel soil
with some plant remnants in a courtyard (typus) and on the
same substrate in a heavily disturbed secondary tropical forest (Theobroma cacao, Elaeis guineensis, Musa sp., Khaya
ivorensis), and on rotten log of Elaeis guineensis in a courtyard;
saprotrophic. India (GenBank KR155115).
Typus. nigeria, Ondo State, 11 km NW from Akure, N07°19'28" E05°07'31",
400 m a.s.l., on soil, 21 July 2008, M. Čerkez (holotype CNF 1/5838, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MG662162 and MG662158, MycoBank
MB823829).
Additional material examined. nigeria, Ondo State, 11 km NW from Akure,
N07°19'28" E05°07'31", 400 m a.s.l., on soil, 21 July 2008, M. Čerkez, CNF
1/5836, ITS sequence GenBank MG662164; Lagos State, 6 km W from
Imota, N06°39'58" E03°37'05", 50 m a.s.l., on rotten log of Elaeis guineensis,
4 July 2008, M. Čerkez, CNF 1/5811, ITS sequence GenBank MG662163.
Notes — Coprinopsis afrocinerea is morphologically very
similar to C. cinerea. According to our study, the only constant
morphological difference between them are the somewhat
smaller basidiospores in the latter. Based on our measurement
of 350 spores (from seven basidiomata, in four collections
from different localities in Croatia) and data from Uljé (2005),
C. cinerea has an average spore length less then 11 μm (9–10.9
μm) and an average spore breadth less than 7.5 μm (6.1–7.3
μm), while C. afrocinerea has an average spore length more
than 11 μm (11.3 –12 μm) and an average spore breadth larger
than 7.5 μm (7.7–8.1 μm). Another difference is in their ecology.
While C. cinerea lives on heaps of herbivorous dung (mixed with
straw, grass or wood chips), on rotten straw or grass, or on other
herbaceous refuse, C. afrocinerea was found on sandy/gravel
soil with some plant remnants and on rotten wood. Another
morphologically similar species is C. annulopora which differs
by its more robust basidiomata (pileus up to 70 mm wide, stipe
up to 18 mm wide), strongly rooting stipe, somewhat larger and
more elongated basidiospores (average spore length more than
12.5 μm (12.8 –13.2 μm) and an average Q of more than 1.6
(1.61–1.65)), and by a different substrate (heaps of herbivorous
dung). The peculiar character shared by all three species is a
lid covering the germ pore of the basidiospores, which only
partially releases from the spores in H2O but profusely in KOH.
While C. annulopora was named after that structure (Enderle
2004), only some authors observed it in C. cinerea, at least in
some collections or spores (e.g., Citerin 1994, Doveri 2004,
Enderle 2004, Gierczyk et al. 2014, Bender 2017, Melzer 2017).
However, they described it as annuliform bulge around a germ
pore. None of them noticed that this structure was not hollow
but shaped like a contact lens.
A megablast search in GenBank using the ITS sequence from
holotype of Coprinopsis afrocinerea showed that the closest
three species were C. cinerea (e.g., GenBank AY461825,
Identities = 673/696 (97 %), 7 gaps (1 %)), C. calospora (GenBank GQ249275, Identities = 616/638 (97 %), 7 gaps (1 %);
GenBank JX118675 (holotype), Identities = 524 /534 (98 %),
3 gaps (0 %)) and C. annulopora (GenBank HQ847017, Identities = 624/653 (96 %), 7 gaps (1 %)). For full phylogenetic
analysis, see MycoBank.
Armin Mešić, Zdenko Tkalčec, Ivana Kušan, Neven Matočec & Margita Jadan, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
e-mail: amesic@irb.hr, ztkalcec@irb.hr, ikusan@irb.hr, nmatocec@irb.hr & mjadan@irb.hr
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
274
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Diaporthe pseudoinconspicua
275
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 726 – 13 July 2018
Diaporthe pseudoinconspicua T.G.L. Oliveira, J.D.P. Bezerra, A.R. Machado,
Souza-Motta & O.M.C. Magalhães, sp. nov.
Etymology. The name refers to its morphological similarity to Diaporthe
inconspicua.
Classification — Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomy
cetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial on PDA in culture, globose to subglobose, lacking a neck, solitary or aggregated, dark brown
to black, 200 – 320 × 160 –190 μm, with yellowish conidial
drops exuding from the ostioles. Alpha conidiophores hyaline,
branched, straight to sinuous, aggregated, 14.5 – 21.5(– 23.5)
× 2.5 – 3 μm. Beta conidiophores hyaline, septate, branched,
smooth, straight to sinuous, aggregated, 10.5 –16(–18) × 2 –
2.5(– 3) μm. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, hyaline, bifurcate,
straight to sinuous, (9 –)10.5 –13.5 × 2 – 2.5(– 3) μm. Alpha co
nidia aseptate, hyaline, bi- to multiguttulate, fusoid, rounded at
one end, and with acute ends, 5 –7.5(– 8.5) × 2 – 2.5(– 3.5) μm.
Beta conidia hyaline, aseptate, filiform, straight to curved, with
one end obtuse, the other truncate, 18–21(–25.5) × 1–1.5(–2)
μm. Sexual morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — On PDA, colonies are initially
white, becoming greyish, reverse pale brown with brownish and
black dots, fluffy aerial mycelium, covering Petri dishes after
7 d at 25 °C with concentric zonation. Pycnidia forming after
30 d. On MEA, colonies are initially white with slow growth,
becoming greyish, reverse pale brown with brownish to black
dots, fluffy aerial mycelium, with concentric zonation. Pycnidia
forming after 15 days.
and here they are proposed as a new species, D. pseudo
inconspicua. Morphologically, D. pseudoinconspicua differs
from D. inconspicua based on the size of pycnidia (424 – 954
× 371–742 μm), conidiophores (11– 21.5 × 2 – 2.5 μm), alpha
(5.5 – 6.5 × 1.5 – 2 μm) and beta ((17.5 –)20 – 26(– 28) × 1–1.5
μm) conidia (Bezerra et al. 2018). Furthermore, D. pseudoincon
spicua also differs from D. pterocarpi by the size of its pycnidia
(100 –120 μm diam), conidiophores (10 –15 × 1– 2 μm), alpha
conidia (6 –7 × 2.5 μm), and by the absence of beta conidia
(Udayanga et al. 2012).
0.96
D. baccae CBS 136972
0.95
D. ravennica MFLUCC 15-0479
0.99
D. ravennica MFLUCC15-0480
0.99
D. rhusicola CPC 18191
D. foeniculina CBS 111553
0.99
D. foeniculina Di-C004/5
0.99
D. chamaeropis CBS 454.81
0.99
0.98
D. cytosporella AR5149
0.99
1
D. cytosporella FAU 461
D. chamaeropis CBS 753.70
D. dorycnii MFLUCC 17-1015
D. anacardii CBS 720.97
D. diospyricola CPC 21169
D. psoraleae CPC 21634
Typus. Brazil, Paraíba state, Santa Teresinha, Tamanduá farm (S07°1.524
W037°23.518), as endophyte from branches of Poincianella pyramidalis
(Fabaceae), May 2013, J.D.P. Bezerra (holotype URM 91188, culture extype URM 7874, ITS, LSU, CaM, his3, tef1-α and tub2 sequences GenBank
MH122538, MH122541, MH122528, MH122517, MH122533 and MH122524,
MycoBank MB824820).
D. stictica CBS 370.54
D. inconspicua CBS 133813
0.99
D. inconspicua LGMF 931
D. pseudoinconspicua LGMF 922
D. pseudoinconspicua Isolate E1
0.99
Additional material examined. Brazil, Paraíba state, Santa Teresinha,
Tamanduá farm (S07°1.524 W037°23.518), as endophyte from branches of
P. pyramidalis, May 2013, J.D.P. Bezerra, URM 7873, isolates E22, E1 and
E30. GenBank sequences URM 7873: ITS MH122535, LSU MH122540, CaM
MH122525, his3 MH122518, tef1-α MH122530, tub2 MH122521. GenBank
sequences E22: ITS MH122534, LSU MH122539, tef1-α MH122529, tub2
MH122520. GenBank sequences E1: ITS MH122536, CaM MH122526, tef1-α
MH122531, tub2 MH122522. GenBank sequences E30: ITS MH122537,
LSU MH122542, CaM MH122527, his3 MH122519, tef1-α MH122532, tub2
MH122523.
Notes — Based on the current phylogenetic analysis, the
new species Diaporthe pseudoinconspicua is closely related
to D. inconspicua and D. pterocarpi. Gomes et al. (2013) circumscribed the strain LGMF922 as D. inconspicua isolated
as endophytic fungus from Spondias mombin in Brazil. Our
phylogenetic inference placed the strain LGMF922 together with
some endophytic fungi isolated from P. pyramidalis in Brazil,
D. baccae CBS 136971
1
1
1
D. pseudoinconspicua Isolate E30
D. pseudoinconspicua URM 7874
D. pseudoinconspicua URM 7873
D. pseudoinconspicua Isolate E22
D. pterocarpi MFLUCC 10-0571
D. pterocarpi MFLUCC 10-0575
D. isoberliniae CPC 22549
D. cissampeli CPC 27302
0.99
D. macinthoshii BRIP 55064a
D. vangueriae CPC 22703
D. maytenicola CPC 21896
D. parapterocarpi CPC 22729
D. canthii CPC 19740
6x
1
D. saccarata CBS 116311
D. hickoriae CBS 145.26
D. spartinicola CPC 24951
Diaporthella corylina CBS 121124
0.06
Colour illustrations. Brazilian tropical dry forest; colony on PDA; conidiomata pycnidial; alpha and beta conidiophores; alpha and beta conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Bayesian inference tree obtained by phylogenetic analyses of
the combined ITS rDNA, tef1-α and tub2 sequences conducted
in MrBayes on XSEDE in the CIPRES science gateway. Bayesian posterior probability values are indicated at the nodes. The
new species is indicated in bold face. Diaporthella corylina
(CBS 121124) was used as outgroup.
Thays G.L. Oliveira, Jadson D.P. Bezerra, Alexandre R. Machado, Cristina M. Souza-Motta & Oliane M.C. Magalhães,
Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: thays.gabilins@hotmail.com, jadsondpb@gmail.com, alexandrerm.agro@yahoo.com.br, cristina.motta@ufpe.br & olimicomed@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
276
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Dothiora infuscans
277
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 727 – 13 July 2018
Dothiora infuscans Rodr.-Andrade, Stchigel, Guarro & Cano, sp. nov.
Etymology. From Latin infusco, to make dark, referring to the black fungal
growth on the substrate it was isolated from.
Classification — Dothioraceae, Dothideales, Dothideomy
cetes.
Mycelium composed of subhyaline, smooth-, thin-walled,
septate hyphae, 5 –7 μm wide, later becoming thick-walled,
increasing the number of septa and the volume of their
cells to give them a moniliform appearance, and finally the
hyphae turn dark brown and produce chains of holothallic
(chlamydospore-like) conidia of up to 20 μm diam, which
also develop longitudinal/oblique secondary septa over time,
giving consequently a ‘muriform’ aspect to these propagules.
Conidiophores micronematous, reduced to conidiogenous
cells, mostly intercalary, producing conidia on lateral, short to
long conic-truncate denticles, with 1– 3 per conidiogenous cell.
Conidia holoblastic, solitary, but attached to one another by a
mucilaginous substance; mostly aseptate, smooth- and thinto thick-walled, hyaline, becoming dark brown, thick-walled,
roughened and mostly 1-septate, occasionally 2 – 3-septate,
globose, ellipsoid or irregularly-shaped, prominently constricted
at septa when old; unicellular conidia 8 – 9 × 4 – 5 μm; 2-celled
conidia 10 –13 × 6 –7 μm; multi-celled conidia 18 –19 × 5 –7
μm. Microcyclic conidia produced by budding of the hyaline
or pigmented conidia, solitary or in chains of up to 5 elements
on inconspicuous denticles when the conidiogenous cell is
young, but on protruding conical-truncate denticles when old,
at one or both ends but also laterally, being smaller than the
primary conidia. Endoconidia, conidiomata and sexual morph
not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on MEA reaching 27–29
mm diam after 3 wk at 25 °C, flattened, light yellow (4A5;
Kornerup & Wanscher 1978) at centre, and successively
greyish yellow (4B5), pale yellow (4A3) and reddish yellow
(4A7) towards the edge, exudates absent, sporulation sparse;
reverse light yellow (4A4), diffusible pigment absent. Colonies
on PDA reaching 28 – 29 mm diam after 3 wk at 25 °C, flat and
slimy at centre and sulcate at edge, yellowish brown (5D8) at
centre, brownish black (6H8) at edge and light yellow (3A5) at
the margins, exudates absent, sporulation abundant; reverse
light orange (5A4) at centre, brownish grey (5E2) at the edge,
and a pale yellow (4A3) margin, diffusible pigment absent.
Colonies on OA 6 –7 mm diam after 3 wk of incubation at
25 °C, slightly elevated, compact, margins irregular, blackish
blue (20F8), exudates absent, abundant yeast-like conidia;
reverse blackish brown (6G8) at centre and brownish orange
(5C3) at edge, diffusible pigment absent. Colonies on PCA
reaching 18 –19 mm diam after 3 wk at 25 °C, flat and slimy at
centre and filamentous (because of the submerged mycelium)
at edge, black (18G2) at centre and olive brown (4E6) at edge,
exudates absent, yeast-like conidia abundant; reverse orange
white (5A2) at centre, brownish grey (6D2) at the edge, and
Colour illustrations. Wall with chromatic alteration in Els Pallaresos village,
Tarragona province, Spain (background picture); colonies growing on different
culture media (MEA, PDA, OA and PCA at 25 °C; upper picture); conidia,
conidiogenous cells and denticles (black arrows), and ‘muriform’ propagules
(inner pictures); detail of the wall with chromatic alterations (picture inside
the black box). Scale bars = 10 µm.
yellowish white (4A2) at the margins, diffusible pigment absent.
Minimum, optimal and maximum temperature of growth: 15 °C,
25 °C and 30 °C, respectively.
Typus. Spain, Tarragona province, Els Pallaresos village, isolated from
the blackened wall of an industrial warehouse, 10 July 2017, J. Cano &
A.M. Stchigel (holotype CBS H-23480, cultures ex-type FMR 16326 = CBS
144317; ITS and LSU sequences GenBank LT993342 and LT993345; MycoBank MB824999).
Notes — Dothiora infuscans was recovered by a wall surface swab taken in Els Pallaresos village, Tarragona province,
Catalonia, Spain. Species of Dothiora produce a dothichiza-like
asexual morph, as well as a hormonema-like synasexual morph
(Crous & Groenewald 2016, 2017). Dothiora infuscans can be
distinguished from other Dothiora spp. with a hormonema-like
sexual morph by the production of ‘muriform’ thalloconidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hit using the ITS sequence is with the
ex-type strain of Dothiora europeae CBS 739.71 (GenBank
NR_145339; Identities = 445/470 (95 %), Gaps 5/470 (1 %));
and using the LSU sequence it is with Dothiora oleaea (GenBank KU728549; Identities = 834/842 (99 %), no gaps). Our
ITS phylogenetic tree corroborated the placement of our isolate
as a new species of the genus Dothiora, being phylogenetically
close to Dothiora europeae.
Hormonema prunorum CBS 933.72 (AY616213)
Dothiora maculans CBS 301.76 (KU728505)
Dothiora maculans CBS 299.76 (KU728504)
Dothiora bupleuricola CBS 112.75 (KU728499)
0.99/80
Dothiora phillyreae CBS 473.69 (KU728513)
Dothiora ceratoniae CBS 290.72 (KU728500)
Dothiora agapanthi CPC 20600 (KU728498)
Cylindroseptoria ceratoniae CBS 477.69 (KF251151)
Dothiora oleae CBS 472.69 (KU728510)
Dothiora oleae CBS 152.71 (KU728508)
Dothiora viburnicola CBS 274.72 (KU728515)
Dothiora rhamni-alpinae CBS 745.71 (AJ244245)
Dothiora elliptica CBS 736.71 (KU728502)
Dothiora sorbi CBS 742.71 (KU728514)
Dothiora cannabinae CBS 737.71 (AJ244243)
Dothiora laureolae CBS 744.71 (KU728503)
Dothiora europaea CBS 739.71 (AJ244244)
1/97
Dothiora infuscans FMR 16336 (LT993343)
T
1/100 Dothiora infuscans FMR 16326 (LT993342)
Dothiora infuscans FMR 16329 (LT993344)
Dothiora phaeosperma CBS 870.71 (KU728512)
Sydowia polyspora CBS 544.95 (AY152548)
Hormonema dematioides B1 06/07/98 (AJ278926)
Hormonema macrosporum CBS 536.94 (AJ244247)
Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii CBS 280.38 (EU700375)
1/100
Atramixtia arboricola UAMH 11211 (HM347778)
Sydowia polyspora CBS 128.64 (AJ244262)
Sydowia polyspora DAOMC 251469 (KY659505)
Sydowia polyspora CBS 248.93 (GQ412724)
1/91
0.99/93
Hormonema carpetanum ATCC 74360 (AF182375)
1/95
Coniozyma leucospermi CBS 111289 (EU552113)
Sydowia japonica FF 1088 (JQ814699)
Kabatina juniperi CBS 239.66 (AY616211)
Kabatina thujae CBS 238.66 (AF013226)
Dothidea hippophaeos CBS 186.58 (AF027763)
0.99/79
1/100
1/89
Dothidea sambuci CBS 198.58 (AY930109)
Dothidea ribesia MFLUCC 13-0670 (KM388545)
Dothidea insculpta CBS 189.58 (AF027764)
1/100 Rhizosphaera pini CBS 206.79 (EU700370)
Phaeocryptopus nudus CBS 268.37 (EU700371)
1/98
1/100 Rhizosphaera macrospora ATCC 4636 (AF462431)
Rhizosphaera macrospora CBS 467.82 (EU700368)
Rhizosphaera pseudotsugae CBS 101222 (EU700369)
1/ Scleroconidioma sphagnicola UAMH 9731 (AY220610)
Rhizosphaera oudemansii CBS 427.82 (EU700367)
1/100 Hormonema viticola L9D-11 (KF201300)
Hormonema viticola L9D-17 (KP641179)
Neocylindroseptoria pistaciae CBS 471.69 (KF251152)
Celosporium larixicola L3-1 (FJ997287)
0.02
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the ITS alignment of
our isolate and sequences retrieved from GenBank. The tree
was built by using RAxML CIPRES (http://www.phylo.org/
sub_sections/portal/) and the analysis of probability was run
in MrBayes v. 3.2.1 (Huelsenbeck & Ronquist 2001). Bootstrap
support values ≥ 70 % and Bayesian posterior probability values
≥ 0.95 are presented at the nodes. Neocylindroseptoria pista
ciae CBS 471.69 and Celosporium larixicola L3-1 were used as
outgroups. The new species proposed in this study is indicated
in bold. T represents the ex-type strain of the novel species.
Ernesto Rodríguez-Andrade, Alberto M. Stchigel, José F. Cano-Lira & Josep Guarro, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV,
Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain;
e-mail: dc.ernesto.roan@outlook.com, albertomiguel.stchigel@urv.cat, jose.cano@urv.cat & josep.guarro@urv.cat
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
278
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Entoloma yanacolor
279
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 728 – 13 July 2018
Entoloma yanacolor A. Barili, C.W. Barnes & Ordoñez, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named refers to the black colour of the fruiting body (yana)
in the native Quichua Andean language.
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomy
cetes.
Basidiomata small, convex. Pileus 20 mm diam, smooth waxy
surface, black, entire margin, slightly fleshy texture. Lamellae
moderately close, adnate to adnate with decurrent teeth, whitish becoming pink with age, thick with entire and concolorous
translucent edge. Stipe central, 23 × 2 mm, cylindrical, pale
concolorous with pileus, smooth surface with white mycelium at
the base. Context hollow, fragile. Indistinctive odour and taste.
Pileipellis as a trichoderm, extended fusiform to subclaviform
pileocystidia. Lamellar trama regular with cylindrical septate
hyphae. Basidia 30 – 50 × 8 – 4 μm, claviform, 4-spored, clamp
connections absent, fertile lamellae edge. Basidiospores 9 –11
× 6.5–7.5 μm, ellipsoid, mostly with 6 angles, hyaline to pale
pink, non-amyloid, non-dextrinoid, cyanophylic, metachromatic,
Q = 1.5. Pleurocystidia subcylindrical, hyaline with thin wall.
Cheilocystidia absent. Caulocutis as subtrichoderm with fusiform caulocystidia. Clamp connections absent.
Habitat — Gregarious on soil, among Azorella sp. in the Andean paramo.
Notes — Entoloma yanacolor is a small species of Collybioid
habit, that belongs to subg. Leptonia and to sect. Cyanula (Boccardo et al. 2008), the only difference being it is glabrous and
not fibrillous / tomentose. Morphologically E. yanacolor is very
similar to E. corvinum (Breitenbach & Kränzlin 1991), differing
only by the glabrous surface of the pileus and stipe. However,
the DNA sequence analysis excludes it being that species.
The megablast search using the full ITS sequence of E. yana
color was truncated due to a unique 14-base gap near the end
of the ITS2, giving only 91 % coverage for the top seven hits.
Therefore, 14 ambiguous (n) bases were inserted at the site
of the gap, increasing the coverage of the top six megablast
results to 100 %. The results of the adjusted megablast search
of the NCBI GenBank nucleotide database showed E. yana
color was distinct from other species presently available for the
genus with the closest species based on ITS sequence being
an Entoloma sp. (GenBank KY706185; Identities = 569/624
(91 %), 22 gaps (4 %), adjusted for the 14-base gap insert).
The ITS phylogenetic tree includes the top eight megablast hits
for the E. yanacolor sequence.
Typus. eCUador, Chimborazo province, Sangay National Park, alt. 3770 m,
May 2016, J. Flores (holotype QCAM6312, Fungarium QCAM, ITS-LSU sequence GenBank MG947210, MycoBank MB824642, TreeBASE Submission
ID 22308).
The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Maximum
Likelihood plugin PHYML in Geneious R9 (http://www.geneious.
com; Kearse et al. 2012), and the substitution model determined
by jModelTest (Posada 2008) according to the Corrected Akaike
Information Criterion (AICc). Nolanea aff. bicoloripes (GenBank EF530937) is the outgroup. Bootstrap support values
≥ 80 % are given above branches. The phylogenetic position of
E. yanacolor is indicated in bold. The species name is followed
by the GenBank accession number, and when the country of
origin was indicated, the three letter United Nations country
code was used, in order of appearance CAN: Canada, ECU:
Ecuador, FIN: Finland, ITA: Italy.
Colour illustrations. Ecuador, Sangay National Park; basidiocarp; pleurocystidia; basidiospores in cresyl blue. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Maria E. Ordoñez & Alessio Barili, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador,
Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador;
e-mail: meordonez@puce.edu.ec, & alessiobarili@hotmail.com
Charles W. Barnes, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina,
Panamericana Sur Km 1, Sector Cutuglahua, Pichincha, Ecuador; e-mail: cbarnes333b@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
280
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Exophiala nidicola
Fungal Planet description sheets
281
Fungal Planet 729 – 13 July 2018
Exophiala nidicola Gené, Madrid & Guarro, sp. nov.
Etymology. The name refers to the habitat where this fungus was found,
the nest of a bird.
Classification — Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriales, Euro
tiomycetes.
On oatmeal agar (OA): Mycelium consisting of septate, branched, subhyaline, smooth, thin-walled hyphae mostly up to 4 μm
wide, with moniliform segments consisting of swollen, verruculose, thick-walled cells up to 8 μm wide; the swollen cells can
show meristematic growth and form microsclerotia up to 40
μm wide. Conidiophores poorly differentiated, simple or rarely
branched, mostly formed by 2–3 cells. Conidiogenous cells intercalary, terminal or lateral, cylindrical, ellipsoidal or lageniform,
annellidic, with one or rarely two conidiogenous loci up to 1 μm
wide and inconspicuous annellations; intercalary conidiogenous
cells 9 –12 × 2 – 3 μm; terminal and lateral conidiogenous cells
5 – 9 × 2.5 – 4 μm. Conidia narrowly obovoidal to allantoid,
hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, 3 – 5 × 1–1.5 μm. Yeast cells
abundant, subcylindrical, ellipsoidal or reniform, 0 –1-septate,
subhyaline, thick-walled, 6 – 8 × 2 – 4 μm, with one or rarely two
conidiogenous loci 0.5 –1 μm wide, with inconspicuous annellations. Sexual morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies after 14 d at 24 °C attaining 13 mm on OA, floccose to lanose, brownish grey, raised
at the centre, with an entire margin and a dark brown to grey
reverse; colonies on MEA and SNA attaining 16 mm. On rich
media such as Sabouraud dextrose agar and PDA, the fungus
formed yeast-like colonies with an abundant cream-coloured
mucilaginous exudate and a brownish diffusible pigment at room
temperature. Growth positive in the range 6 – 37 °C, optimum
temperature 30 °C, no growth observed at 40 °C.
Notes — The genus Exophiala includes common agents
of phaeohyphomycosis and occasional agents of chromoblastomycosis and mycetoma in humans (Zeng et al. 2007,
Revankar & Sutton 2010), as well as pathogens of various other
warm- and cold-blooded animals (De Hoog et al. 2011, Seyedmousavi et al. 2013). It also includes numerous environmental,
apparently non-pathogenic taxa occurring as saprophytes in
soil and on plant material, and extremotolerant colonizers of
nutrient-poor or polluted habitats (De Hoog et al. 2006, Isola
et al. 2016, Madrid et al. 2016).
BLAST searches with the ITS sequence of isolate CBS 138589
revealed affinities with members of the ‘Exophiala dermatitidis
clade’ (De Hoog et al. 2003), such as E. heteromorpha CBS
232.33 ex-type (GenBank ITS: AY857524) and other strains
95 – 96 % identical, E. phaeomuriformis CBS 131.88 ex-type
(GenBank ITS: AJ244259) 90 % identical, and E. dermatitidis
CBS 207.35 ex-type (GenBank ITS: KF928444) and other
strains 90 % identical. Considering that Exophiala spp. are
widely represented in GenBank and that the cut-off for ITSbased species identifications in this genus is 99 % (Zeng et
al. 2007, Madrid et al. 2016), strain CBS 138589 is regarded
as a novel taxon. The distinguishing characters of E. nidicola
are the production of some allantoid conidia and the absence
of growth at 40 °C. However, its ability to grow at 37 °C and
the production of strongly mucoid colonies on sugar-rich media
are remarkable. Since extracellular polysaccharides, often
forming slimy capsules, are considered putative virulence factors in Exophiala (Yurlova & De Hoog 2002), E. nidicola might
represent another potential opportunistic pathogen. However,
this hypothesis should be tested experimentally.
Typus. Spain, Tarragona Province, L’Arbolí, isolated from the nest of an
unidentified bird, Jan. 1990, J. Gené (holotype CBS H-21834, ex-type culture
CBS 138589 = FMR 3889, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG701055
and MG701056, MycoBank MB823878).
Colour illustrations. L‘Arbolí, Tarragona, Spain, where the sample was
collected; colony sporulating on OA after 14 d at 25 °C; yeast cells and
conidiogenous cells (scale bars = 10 μm); conidia (scale bar = 5 μm) and
microsclerotia (scale bars = 20 μm).
Josepa Gené & Josep Guarro, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV),
Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain; e-mail: josepa.gene@urv.cat, josep.guarro@urv.cat
Hugo Madrid, Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor de Chile,
Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile; e-mail: hugo.madrid@umayor.cl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
282
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Fomitiporella pertenuis
283
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 730 – 13 July 2018
Fomitiporella pertenuis V. Xavier de Lima & J.R. Oliveira-Filho, sp. nov.
Etymology. Pertenuis (Gr.), referring to the very thin basidioma.
Classification — Hymenochaetaceae, Hymenochaetales,
Agaricomycetes.
Basidioma annual, resupinate, up to 1.8 mm thick, margin thin;
pore surface hazel (27; Watling 1969) when dry, pores angular,
6 – 8 per mm; dissepiments thin and entire; context reduced
to a thin layer above the substrate, less than 0.5 mm thick,
homogeneous hazel (27) to snuff brown (17) with the pore surface, sometimes with a darker line just above the tubes; tubes
concolorous with the pore surface. Hyphal system monomitic;
generative hyphae hyaline to rust (13), thick-walled with a wide
lumen, simple septate, 2.5 – 4 µm diam, IKI-. Cystidia or other
sterile elements absent; basidia not seen; basidiospores ellipsoid to ovoid, thick-walled, smooth, rust (13) to rusty tawny
(14), IKI-, 4– 5.5 × 3– 4 μm.
Typus. Brazil, Alagoas, Biological Reserve of Pedra Talhada, on dead
wood, July 2017, V. Xavier de Lima, PPT 111 (holotype URM 91181, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MG806101 and MG806100, MycoBank
MB824040).
Additional material examined. Fomitiporella micropora. Brazil, Maranhão, São José de Ribamar, Panaquatira beach, on dead branch of living
angiosperm, Jan. 2017, J.R.C. OliveiraFilho, JRF135, URM 91186, LSU
sequence GenBank MG806099. Phellinotus neoaridus. Brazil, Sergipe,
Poço Redondo, Apr. 2016, T.B. Gibertoni, PH5, URM 91187, LSU sequence
GenBank MG806098.
Bondarzewia montana AF042646/DQ200923
Hymenochaete rubiginosa JQ716407/JQ279667
Fomitiporella chinensis KX181342/KX181310
1.0/98/100
0.61/-/-
Notes — According to our phylogenetic analyses (ITS+LSU),
F. pertenuis clustered in a clade with high support with specimens of F. tenuissima from China (GenBank KC999901,
KC999902, KC999903), but diverged significantly from the
Chinese specimens and it is distantly related from other species of Fomitiporella. Both F. pertenuis and F. tenuissima have
thin basidiomata and lack sterile elements, but F. pertenuis
has smaller pores (6 – 8 per mm vs 3 – 4 per mm in F. tenuis
sima) and monomitical hyphal system (both monomitic and
dimitic hyphal system in F. tenuissima; Yu et al. 2013). The
clade of F. tenuissima and F. pertenuis shows relation to
Phellinotus (Dreschler-Santos et al. 2016), which is placed in
Fomitiporella in our analyses. Thus, synonymising Phellinotus
under Fomitiporella is suggested; however, both species of
Phellinotus (P. neoaridus and P. piptadeniae) are pileate and
are host-specific on living Ceasalpinia and Piptadeniae, and
Fomitiporella, a resupinate genus whose species occur mostly
on dead trees, would have to be emended. Another specimen
collected in Brazil was identified as F. micropora; the specimen
is morphologically very similar to the type description, but it has
larger pores (4 – 5 per mm in the Brazilian specimen, 8 –10 per
mm in the type). Fomitiporella micropora is only superficially
similar to the new species, from which it differs by the perennial, thicker basidioma (up to 10 mm), smaller pores (8 –10
per mm), dimitical hyphal system, and slightly smaller basidiospores, (3 –)3.5– 4(– 4.5) × (2 –)2.5 – 3(– 3.5) µm. Besides,
F. micropora clustered in a clade with specimens collected in the
type locality (Virgin Islands) and Costa Rica, distantly related
from the new species.
Fomitiporella chinensis KJ787808/KJ787817
Fomitiporella inermis KX181347/KX181306
0.98/83/94
Fomitiporella inermis KX181346/KX181305
0.88/-/92
Fomitiporella subinermis KX181344/KX181308
1.0/97/100
Fomitiporella subinermis KX181345/KX181307
1.0/99/100
1.0/91/100
0.51/64/-
Fomitiporella cavicola AY059052
Fomitiporella caviphila KF729937
Fomitiporella umbrinella KX181336/KX181314
1.0/86/98
0.97/72/83
0.98/-/89
Fomitiporella americana KX181329/KX181293
Fomitiporella caryophylli AY059021/AY558611
Fomitiporella sinica KJ787810/KJ787819
1.0/70/99
Fomitiporella sinica KJ787811/KJ787820
Fomitiporella micropora MG806099
0.60/-/-
Fomitiporella micropora KX181331
Fomitiporella micropora KX181330
1.0/94/100
Fomitiporella micropora KX181332/KX181295
0.96/66/71
1.0/94/99
Fomitiporella micropora KX181333/KX181294
Fomitiporella pertenuis MG806100/MG806101
Fomitiporella tenuissima KC999903
0.93/-/-
Fomitiporella tenuissima KC999901/KC456244
1.0/96/99
0.71/-/53
Fomitiporella tenuissima KC999902/KC456242
1.0/99/100
Phellinotus piptadeniae KP412282/KP412305
Phellinotus piptadeniae KP412278/KP412299
0.83/60/1.0/97/94
1.0/99/100
Phellinotus neoaridus MG806098
Phellinotus neoaridus KM211286
Phellinotus neoaridus KM211287
Fomitiporella resupinata JF712935/KJ787822
0.1
The 50 % majority rule Bayesian tree inferred from ITS+LSU
sequences with the model K80 + G using MrBayes v. 3.2.6
(Ronquist et al. 2012). Maximum parsimony (PAUP v. 4.0b10,
Swofford 2003) and maximum likelihood (MEGA5, Tamura
et al. 2011) analyses were done and similar topologies were
obtained (not shown). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP)
from 10 M generations; Maximum parsimony bootstrap (MPbs)
and Maximum likelihood bootstrap (MLbs) support values from
1 000 replications. Values next to nodes represent PP/MLbs/
MPbs. Sequences generated in this study are shown in bold.
Bondarzewia montana represents the outgroup. The alignment
is deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 22272).
Colour illustrations. Environment where the type specimen was collected
in Biological Reserve of Pedra Talhada, AL, Brazil; close-up showing the thin
dissepiments and rather angular pores (scale bar = 1 mm); transversal view
of the basidioma: substrate (S), context (C), darker line (L) and tube layer
(T) are visible (scale bar = 1 mm); photomicrographs of a septate generative
hyphae and basidiospores (scale bar = 10 μm).
Vitor Xavier de Lima, José Ribamar C. Oliveira-Filho & Tatiana B. Gibertoni, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,
Avenida da Engenharia, S/N, CEP 50740-600, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: vitorxlima@gmail.com, j.ribamar.f@gmail.com & tbgibertoni@hotmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
284
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Geastrum magnosporum
Fungal Planet description sheets
285
Fungal Planet 731 – 13 July 2018
Geastrum magnosporum J.O. Sousa, B.D.B. Silva, P. Marinho, M.P. Martín & Baseia,
sp. nov.
Etymology. Referring to the size of basidiospores, being larger than the
mean size in the genus Geastrum.
Classification — Geastraceae, Geastrales, Agaricomycetes.
Additional material examined. Brazil, Paraíba, Mamanguape, Reserva
Biológica Guaribas, 11 July 2013, J.O. Sousa et al., UFRN Fungos– 2309;
ibid., 27 July 2012, B.D.B. Silva et al., paratype UFRN Fungos– 2310, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MG938498 and MG938499.
Unexpanded basidioma hypogeous, orange white (5A2; Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), subglobose, 7 × 6 mm, surface
papery to cottony, strongly encrusted with sand. Expanded basi
diomata, arched, rarely saccate, 6 –16 mm (including peristome) × 10 –19 mm. Exoperidium splitting into 6 – 8 rays,
arched, revolute, some involute, rolling up under endoperidial
body, non-hygroscopic. Mycelial layer yellowish white (4A2),
surface papery to cottony, strongly encrusted with sand and
debris, persistent or peeling away in irregular patches, composed of yellowish, thin-walled (< 1 μm) hyphae, 2 – 2.5 μm
diam, surface not encrusted, lumen not seen. Fibrous layer
orange white (5A2), surface coriaceous, composed of hyaline,
thick-walled hyphae (> 1 μm), surface encrusted, lumen seen.
Pseudoparenquimatous layer, dark brown (7F4, 6F4), rimose,
absent in some basidiomata, composed of brownish, thickwalled (> 1 μm) hyphae cells, subglobose, pyriform to ovoid,
30.5 – 63 × 27– 46.5 μm. Endoperidial body orange grey (6B2),
depressed-globose to subglobose, 3–5 × 6–9 mm, subsessile,
surface furfuraceous. Apophysis absent or inconspicuous.
Pedicel absent or very short (up to 0.6 mm high). Peristome
fibrillose, lacerate with age, non-delimited to weakly delimited,
mammiform to flattened (< 1 mm high), lighter or concolorous
with endoperidium. Columella circular, central, white (4A1).
Mature gleba greyish brown (5F3). Eucapillitium brownish, thinwalled (< 1 μm diam), 2 – 5 μm diam, surface encrusted, warts
absent, lumen seen, branch absent. Basidia clavate to pyriform,
19–24.5 × 8.8–6.3 μm, 2–3 sterigmata. Basidiospores brownish to yellowish in 5 % KOH, globose to subglobose, 6 – 8.5 μm
(x = 6.8 ± 0.7, Qm = 1.02, n = 30), densely verrucose, warts long
(up to 1.3 μm high), truncate; apiculous reduced.
Ecology & Distribution — The specimens were found in the
biome Atlantic Rainforest (Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests of Brazil – Pernambuco interior forests ecoregion)
(Dinerstein et al. 2017), growing on sandy soil, without forest
cover (exposed to sun), with gregarious or solitary habit.
Notes — Geastrum magnosporum is morphologically close
to Geastrum floriforme. However, G. floriforme has strongly
hygroscopic rays, a sessile endoperidium and smaller basidiospores (up to 7 μm diam) (Sunhede 1989, Calonge 1998). Another similar species is G. arenarium, although, the latter differs
in its well-delimited peristome, hygroscopic rays and smaller
basidiospores (up to 4 μm diam) (Bates 2004). Geastrum hi
eronymi and G. minimum also resemble G. magnosporum, but
these two species have a longer pedicel (up to 3 mm long) and
smaller basidiospores (up to 5 μm and 6.5 μm, respectively)
(Bates 2004, Kuhar et al. 2012). Other species with large
basidiospores in the genus are G. laevisporum (up to 10 μm
diam), G. campestre (up to 8 μm diam) and G. platense (up to
8 μm diam). Geastrum laevisporum is distinct due to its smooth
basidiospores and hygroscopic rays; G. campestre in the plicate
peristome and verrucose endoperidium; and G. platense in the
larger basidiomata (up to 26 mm wide), hygroscopic rays and
sessile endoperidium (Sunhede 1989, Soto & Wright 2000,
Bates 2004, Sousa et al. 2015).
Typus. Brazil, Paraíba, Mamanguape, Reserva Biológica Guaribas,
S6°44'32.1" W35°08'25.8", on sandy soil, 26 June 2014, J.O. Sousa et al.
(holotype UFRN Fungos–2312, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG938496
and MG938497, MycoBank MB824254).
The first of three equally most parsimonious trees of the ITS
nrDNA sequence alignment were obtained from a heuristic
search. The analysis was conducted with PAUP v. 4.0b10 (Swofford 2003) with 10 000 bootstrap replicates. The new Geastrum
species described here are marked with a coloured box. The
accession numbers from EMBL/GenBank databases are indicated on the tree. Bootstrap support values greater than 50 %
for Parsimony and Maximum-Likelihood (ML) are indicated on
the branches. ML analysis was run with RAxML-HPC2 v. 8.2.10
(Stamatakis 2014) under a GTR model. Geastrum fornicatum
was included as outgroup. CorelDRAW® X8 software was used
to edit the final tree.
Colour illustrations. Brazil, Paraíba, Reserva Biológica Guaribas, SEMA
II, open area of Atlantic rainforest where the type species was collected;
expanded basidiomata in situ (UFRN – Fungos 2312, holotype); expanded
basidiomata ex situ (UFRN – Fungos 2312, holotype); basidiospores under
LM; basidiospores under SEM; eucapillitium under SEM. Scale bars = 2.5
mm (basidiomata in situ), 2 mm (basidiomata ex situ), 10 μm (basidiospores
under LM), 1 μm (basidiospores and eucapillitium under SEM).
100/92
MA-Fungi 83767, Geastrum hieronymi (KF988344)
MA-Fungi 83766, Geastrum hieronymi (KF988384)
50/64
MJ5421, Geastrum floriforme ( KC581984)
Herb. Zamora 453, Geastrum floriforme (KF988373)
91/72
MA-Fungi 69173, Geastrum floriforme (KF988372)
100/100
UFRN-Fungos 2310, Geastrum magnosporum (MG938498) paratype
UFRN-Fungos 2312, Geastrum magnosporum (MG938496) holotype
57/59
MA-Fungi 83760, Geastrum cf. arenarium (KF988351)
MA-Fungi 47184, Geastrum ovalisporum (KF988411)
100/100
UFRN-Fungos 355, Geastrum cf. arenarium (MG938500)
50/100/98
MJ9317, Geastrum hungaricum (KC581964)
MJ8915, Geastrum hungaricum (KC581963)
99/100
Herb. Zamora 450, Geastrum sp. (KF988459)
Herb. Zamora 145, Geastrum sp. (KF988458)
57/61
100/100
Herb. Zamora 279, Geastrum schmidelii (KF988434)
UPS F-560805, Geastrum schmidelii (KF988435)
Sunhede 7744, Geastrum corollinum (KF988360)
100/100
68/63
MA-Fungi 5746, Geastrum corollinum (KF988359)
MJ2322, Geastrum corollinum ( KC581972)
UPS F-119844, Geastrum flexuosum (KF988371)
MA-Fungi 30749, Geastrum fornicatum (KF988375)
1.0
Julieth O. Sousa, Pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil;
e-mail: julieth.oliveira.sousa@gmail.com
Bianca D.B. da Silva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil;
e-mail: biancadeni@yahoo.com.br
Paulo Marinho, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil;
e-mail: paulomarinho@hotmail.com
María P. Martín, Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain;
e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es
Iuri G. Baseia, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil;
e-mail: iuri.baseia@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
286
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Gyromitra anthracobia
287
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 732 – 13 July 2018
Gyromitra subg. Pseudoverpa P.-A. Moreau, Bellanger & Loizides, subg. nov.
Etymology. Due to the resemblance of species in the genus Verpa.
Classification — Discinaceae, Pezizales, Pezizomycetes.
Ascomata carbonicolous, gyromitroid or verpoid in aspect, stipitate, occasionally rufescent, comprised of a grey-brown, purple-
brown or black cerebriform pileus and a smooth, white hollow
stipe attached to the pileus only at the apex; spores smooth,
cyanophilic, mostly biguttulate; paraphyses brown-pigmented.
Type species. Gyromitra anthracobia Loizides, P.-A. Moreau & Bellanger.
MycoBank MB824545.
Gyromitra anthracobia Loizides, P.-A. Moreau & Bellanger, sp. nov.
Etymology. Anthracobia = ανθρακόβια (carbon-dwelling); from the Greek
ἄνθραξ = carbon, and βίος = life.
Pileus cerebriform, moderately to strongly lobate, 1– 4(– 6) cm
diam, 1– 2.5(– 3) cm in height, finely tomentose and irregularly
variegated, ranging from pale red-brown, olive-brown, purplebrown, purple-grey, or charcoal-grey, becoming black when fully
mature or dry; margin deeply involuted but completely detached
from the stipe, thick, white, gradually expanding outwards at
maturity. Excipulum decurrently attached to the stipe, blue-grey
under pileus, chalk-white elsewhere, smooth to subtomentose,
sometimes with a faintly ochraceous tomentum towards the
margin. Stipe 1.5 – 4(– 5) cm long by 0.5 –1 cm across, cylindrical, attached to the pileus only at the apex, stuffed with a
cottony substance when young but soon hollow, pure white and
finely tomentose, tomentum sometimes becoming ochraceouspink to ochraceous-orange. Context white, unchanging when
bruised, but ascomata occasionally developing prominent red
or orange stains. Odour somewhat herbaceous. Ascospores
(16 –)18 – 21(– 22.5) × (9 –)10 –11.5(–12) μm (Me = 19.7 × 11;
Q = 1.5– 2.2; Qm = 1.79), cyanophilic, ellipsoid, mostly biguttulate in water, sometimes also microguttulate at the poles,
thick-walled, hyaline and smooth. Asci 150 – 270 × 13 –16 μm,
inamyloid, monoseriate, aporhynchus, often flexuous. Para
physes 45 –125 μm long, fasciculate, mostly bifurcate and
2 – 3-septate, with a slightly thickened wall and brown intraparietal pigment all along, often minutely incrusted at the lower
part; apices slightly enlarged, cylindrical to clavate, 5 – 9.5 μm
wide. Subhymenium 250–300 μm thick, a textura epidermoidea
composed of small, intricate, jigsaw-like elements with yellowish thickened wall (< 1 μm). Context 400 –700 μm thick, a
mixture of subglobose, ellipsoid, polygonal or filamentous elements, all pale and slightly thick-walled. Excipulum 2-layered:
inner layer slightly gelatinised, 40 – 50 μm thick, composed of
thick-walled (< 1 μm), pale yellow hyphae, partly slender, 4 – 5
μm thick, partly globose or ellipsoidal 16 – 25 μm wide; outer
layer hymenidermoid, made of clusters of erect or adpressed,
1(– 2)-septate clavate hyphae 35 – 60 × 8 –15 μm, with weakly
thickened but bright yellow wall, embedded in pale yellow
resinaceous matrix. Stipitipellis a cutis of slender, smooth, or
rarely incrusted hyphae, 3 – 6 μm wide, with locally protruding,
fasciculate cylindrical terminal elements. Medulla predominantly
of broad, hyaline ellipsoid elements 12 – 30 μm wide.
Colour illustrations. Holotype collection area at Kourdali, Cyprus; ascomata in situ, holotype coll. LIP 0001407 (scale bar = 10 mm); coll. ML71382VE
in situ (scale bar = 10 mm); paraphyses and asci in water (scale bar = 50
μm); naturally discharged spores in water (scale bar = 10 μm); stipitipellis
hyphae in Floxina aquosa + KOH (scale bar = 100 μm); coll. ML71322V5 in
situ (scale bar = 10 mm).
Habit, Habitat & Distribution — Carbonicolous, fruiting in
small or large groups between mid-March and mid-April, typically the first and second springs following a forest fire.
Typus. CyprUS, Kourdali, in 6-mo-old burned forest, 18 Mar. 2017, M. Loi
zides (holotype in Herbarium of the Faculty of Pharmacy of Lille: LIP 0001407,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH014751 and MH014750, MycoBank
MB824544).
Additional material examined. CyprUS, Platania, on burned patch, 18
Apr. 2012, M. Loizides, ML21481VE, LSU and ITS sequences GenBank
H014748 and MH014755; Kourdali, in 6-mo-old burned forest, 22 Mar. 2017,
M. Loizides & P.A. Moreau, ML71322V5, LSU and ITS sequences GenBank
MH014746 and MH014753; Argaka, in 7-mo-old burned forest, 28 Mar. 2017,
M. Loizides, ML71382VE, LSU and ITS sequences GenBank MH014747 and
MH014754; Kourdali, in 7-mo-old burned forest, 22 Apr. 2017, M. Loizides,
ML71422V2, LSU and ITS sequences GenBankMH014749 and MH014752.
Notes — Based on current phylogenetic inferences, the ITS
locus is very divergent within Gyromitra, making analyses
strongly biased towards the evolution of the 5.8S rDNA. Contrastingly, the LSU locus allows for the recognition of a monophyletic genus, conveniently divided into five subgenera: Gyro
mitra, Discina, Pseudorhizina, Melaleucoides and Caroliniana
(Methven et al. 2013). Our rDNA (ITS and LSU) phylogenetic
analyses place collections from Cyprus in a well-supported clade
within Gyromitra, distant from its closest neighbour (G. escu
lenta) by 26 positions (3 % of sequence length) at the LSU
locus. Considering the phylogenetic distances between presently accepted subgenera and unique morphoecological profile
of the Cypriot collections, a new species and subgenus are
here proposed.
Because of the cylindrical, elongated hollow stipe attached to
the pileus only at the apex, G. anthracobia can strongly resemble a Verpa species in the field. However, the cerebriform pileus, brown-pigmented paraphyses and biguttulate cyanophilic
spores, are all typical gyromitroid features. Although G. esculen
ta has similarly shaped and sized spores, it can be readily distinguished by its glabrous, chestnut-red pileus, its stout, lacunose
stipe, attached to the pileus at several points forming chambers,
and larger asci reaching 330 – 350 μm (Boudier 1909, Harmaja
1979, Breitenbach & Kränzlin 1984). Gyromitra infula has occasionally been reported from post-fire environments (Egger
& Paden 1986), but has a saddle- or mitre-shaped pileus and
narrowly ellipsoidal spores (measuring 19–23 × 7–8 μm acc to
Dennis 1978, 19 – 26 × 7–10 μm acc to Van Vooren & Moreau
2009, or 20 – 30 × 7– 9 μm acc to Medardi 2006). The rare
G. fastigiata is typically associated with deciduous trees and has
an intricately corrugated saddle-shaped pileus and ornamented
triguttulate spores with polar appendages, measuring 24–32 ×
11–15 μm (Svrček & Moravec 1972, Kotlaba & Pouzar 1974).
Michael Loizides, P.O. Box 58499, 3734 Limassol, Cyprus; e-mail: michael.loizides@yahoo.com
Pierre-Arthur Moreau, Université de Lille, Faculté de pharmacie de Lille, EA 4483, F-59000 Lille, France; e-mail: pierre-arthur.moreau@univ-lille2.fr
Jean-Michel Bellanger, UMR 5175 CEFE – Université de Montpellier - INSERM, Campus CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende,
34293 Montpellier, France; e-mail: jean-michel.bellanger@cefe.cnrs.fr
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
288
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Hongkongmyces snookiorum
289
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 733 – 13 July 2018
Hongkongmyces snookiorum Raudabaugh, Iturr., & A.N. Mill., sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after Lucien and Shirley Snook for permitting research
to be conducted on their property, which contributed to the discovery of this
new species.
Classification — Lindgomycetaceae, Pleosporales, Dothidio
mycetes.
On potato dextrose agar (PDA). Conidiomata pycnidial, globose
to ampulliform, hyaline turning dark brown with age, up to 500
µm diam, with central ostiole to multiple ostioles, 10 –15 µm
diam; outer wall one cell layer of brown textura prismatica to
textura angularis, inner wall 2 – 3 cell layers of brown textura
angularis. Conidiogenous cells discrete, phialidic, hyaline,
smooth, tightly aggregated, subulate to ampulliform, 7.5 –10
× 4 – 4.5 µm, with sympodial proliferations. Conidia white in
mass, hyaline, solitary, ellipsoid to ovoid, 4.5 – 5.5 × 3.5 – 4
µm, 1– 2 central guttules when mature, several small guttules
when young.
Culture characteristics — Colonies (holotype, 25 °C after
2 wk) moderately slow-growing on water agar (WA), cornmeal
agar (CM), and potato dextrose agar (PDA). Colonies reaching 38 – 40 mm diam on WA, 18 – 21 mm diam on CMA, and
28 – 32 mm diam on PDA. Silky, hyaline on WA, felty, hyaline
to white on CMA, and felty, greyish brown (D3 – D5) (Kornerup
& Wanscher 1978) with hyaline margin on PDA; margin even,
appressed; reverse same as the mat.
Habitat — Submerged detritus from a fresh water fen.
Distribution — Known only from Pennsylvania, USA.
Typus. USa, Pennsylvania, Center County, near Philipsburg, Black
Moshannon State Park, 40.9008, -78.0604, isolated from submerged detritus from a fresh water fen, 11 Aug. 2014, D.B. Raudabaugh & M. Woodley
(holotype ILLS81638, ex-type strain DAOMC 251900, ITS-LSU and tef1
sequences GenBank MH161189 and MH161190, MycoBank MB825179).
Notes — Phylogenetic analyses employing ML and Bayesian
criteria of individual and concatenated tef1 and ITS-LSU nrDNA
sequences suggest that H. snookiorum and H. pedis are sister
taxa. Hongkongmyces snookiorum can be distinguished from
H. pedis based on habitat (fresh water fen vs human tissue),
geography (USA vs Japan), and lack of a yellow to red pigment
around the colony on PDA and oatmeal agar (OA) (Tsang et al.
2014).
Phylogram of the RAxML v. 8.2.10 (Stamatakis 2014) maximum likelihood analysis of Hongkongmyces species based
on combined tef1 and ITS-LSU nrDNA sequences. Bootstrap
support values ≥ 70 % are shown above branches. Thickened
branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥ 95 %.
Hongkongmyces snookiorum is shown in bold. The type species of Hongkongmyces is H. pedis. T = sequences generated
from type specimens.
Colour illustrations. Background photo of freshwater fen; 14-d-old culture
on OA; mature conidiomata with conidia in mass; conidiogenous cells with
immature conidia; conidia. Photos: D. Raudabaugh and T. Iturriaga. Scale
bars = 400 µm (conidiomata), 5 µm (all others).
Daniel B. Raudabaugh, Teresa Iturriaga & Andrew N. Miller, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign,
Department of Plant Biology and Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA;
e-mail: raudaba2@illinois.edu, titurriusb@gmail.com & amiller7@illinois.edu
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
290
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Lecanicillium restrictum
291
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 734 – 13 July 2018
Lecanicillium restrictum Hubka, Kubátová, Nonaka, Čmoková & Řehulka, sp. nov.
Etymology. restrictum (res.tric´tum. L. neut. part. adj.); limited, restricted,
referring to the slow growth at room temperature (25 °C).
Classification — Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales, Sordario
mycetes.
On PCA: Phialides produced on aerial hyphae, solitary or aggregated in whorls of 2 – 5 phialides, tapering toward the tip,
(12 –)17– 30(– 36) μm long (mean ± standard deviation; 22.4
± 4.8), basal part 0.5 –1.5 (1.1 ± 0.2) μm wide, 0.3 – 0.5 μm
wide on the tip. Conidia dimorphic, macroconidia with pointed
ends, fusiform or slightly falcate, smooth-walled, 1-celled,
(5–)6–10(–12) × 1–1.5 μm (7.5 ± 1.3 × 1.1 ± 0.1), microconidia
usually without sharply pointed ends, ovate, ellipsoidal, obovate
or fusoid, frequently slightly curved, smooth-walled, 1-celled,
2.5–3 × 1–1.5 μm (3 ± 0.4 × 1.1 ± 0.1). No microscopic crystals
observed.
Culture characteristics — (in the dark, at 20 °C after 14 d):
Colonies on PCA 20–23 mm diam (10–12 mm after 7 d), white,
cottony, centrally raised, margin entire, no exudate and soluble
pigments, reverse yellowish white (4A2; Kornerup & Wanscher
1967). Colonies on MEA 19–22 mm diam (10–12 mm after 7 d),
yellowish white (4A2), waxy, delicately funiculose, umbonate,
radially wrinkled, margin entire, no exudate and soluble pigments, reverse pale yellow (4A3). Colonies on PDA 21–25 mm
diam (11–13 mm after 7 d), yellowish white (4A2), floccose to
delicately funiculose, umbonate, radially wrinkled, margin entire,
no exudate and soluble pigments, reverse yellowish white (4A2)
to pale yellow (4A3). Growth rates at 15 °C on PCA/MEA/PDA:
8–10/8–10/9 mm after 7 d and 17–21/17–20/18–21 mm after
14 d, respectively. Growth rates at 25 °C on PCA /MEA/PDA:
1–3/2–4/2–4 mm after 7 d and 2–4/4–5/3–6 mm after 14 d,
respectively. No growth to microcolonies on PCA and MEA at
27 °C; no growth at 30 °C.
Typus. CzeCh repUBliC, Starý Bohumín, surface of the wooden barrel
found during archaeological excavations, 3 Mar. 2014, coll. M. Kiecoň &
P. Malík, isol. J. Řehulka (holotype PRM 946543, isotype PRM 946544, culture
ex-type CCF 5252 = CBS 143072; SSU-ITS-LSU, tef1-α and tub2 sequences
GenBank LT548279, LT626943 and LT989952, MycoBank MB824887).
Notes — BLAST analysis with the ITS rDNA region sequence
gave closest hits to L. testudineum CCF 5201T (99 %, 497/499
bp, GenBank LT548278), L. kalimantanense NBRC 105406 T
(94 %, 465/494 bp, GenBank AB360356), L. wallacei CBS
101237 T (93 %, 448 /484 bp, GenBank EF641891) and Verti
cillium indonesiacum BTCC-F36 T (93 %, 462/495 bp, GenBank
AB378516). LSU rDNA showed 99 % similarity to L. testudine
um (99 %, 589 /592 bp, GenBank LT548278) and L. wallacei
(541/ 548 bp, GenBank AY184967), and 98 % similarity to
L. kalimantanense (580 /589 bp, GenBank AB360356) and
V. indonesiacum (580/589 bp, GenBank AB378516). The tub2
sequence showed 91 % similarity to L. testudineum (1 225/1 348
bp, GenBank LT548284) and the tef1-α sequence 94 % similarity to L. testudineum (936 /992 bp, GenBank LT626942).
Lecanicillium restrictum is characteristic by having slow growth
at 25 °C, optimum temperature for growth around 20 °C and
the production of dimorphic conidia. Lecanicillium testudineum
has an optimum temperature for growth around 25 °C and
smaller macroconidia than L. restrictum. Microconidia of L. re
strictum are smaller than conidia produced by L. kalimantan
ense (3.5 –12 × 1– 2 μm) (Sukarno et al. 2009). Phialides of
V. indonesiacum are most frequently produced in a single whorl
at the end of erect hyphae (Sukarno et al. 2009). Lecanicillium
wallacei grows more rapidly than L. restrictum on PCA at 20
and 25 °C (Zare & Gams 2001).
The best scoring maximum likelihood tree calculated from
ITS rDNA and tef1-α sequences shows the species relationships within the genus Lecanicillium. The optimal partitioning
scheme (PartitionFinder v. 1.1.1; Lanfear et al. 2012) divided
the dataset into four partitions with the following substitution
models: the GTR+G substitution model was used for ITS1 and
ITS2 regions, JC+I model for the 5.8S nrDNA region and the
2nd codon positions of tef1-α, F81+I+G model for the 1st codon
positions of tef1-α, and HKY+G model for the 3rd codon positions of tef1-α. The tree was constructed with IQ-TREE v. 1.4.0
(Nguyen et al. 2015). The dataset contained 30 taxa and a
total of 1 583 characters of which 478 were variable and 357
parsimony-informative. Bootstrap support values at branches
were obtained by generating 1 000 bootstrap replicates. Only
bootstrap support values ≥ 70 % are shown; ex-type strains are
indicated by a superscript T. The tree is rooted with Simplicillium
lanosoniveum CBS 704.86 and S. obclavatum CBS 311.74T.
For phylogenetic tree see Fungal Planet 735.
Colour illustrations. Wooden barrel found during archaeological excavations, Starý Bohumín, Czech Republic; 14-d-old colonies of L. restrictum on
PCA (left) and MEA (right), left half of Petri dish: colony at 20 °C, right half:
25 °C; whorls of phialides and solitary phialides; micro- and macroconidia.
Scale bars = 10 μm.
Vit Hubka, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and
Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; e-mail: hubka@biomed.cas.cz
Alena Kubátová, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic;
e-mail: alena.kubatova@natur.cuni.cz
Kenichi Nonaka, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan;
e-mail: ken@lisci.kitasato-u.ac.jp
Adéla Čmoková, Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083,
142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; e-mail: cmokova@gmail.com
Jiří Řehulka, Department of Zoology, Silesian Museum, Nádražní okruh 31, 746 01 Opava, Czech Republic; e-mail: rehulka@szm.cz
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
292
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Lecanicillium testudineum
293
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 735 – 13 July 2018
Lecanicillium testudineum Hubka, Kubátová, Schauflerová, Déniel & Jany, sp. nov.
Etymology. testudineum (tes.tu.dinˈe.um. L. neut. adj.); referring to the
turtle, the source of isolation of the ex-type strain.
Classification — Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales, Sordario
mycetes.
On PCA: Phialides produced on aerial hyphae, solitary or aggregated in whorls of 2 – 4 phialides, tapering toward the tip,
(13 –)16 – 45(– 53) μm long (mean ± standard deviation; 25.9
± 8.4), exceptionally up to 80 μm long, basal part 0.5 –1 (0.8
± 0.2) µm wide, 0.5 –1 μm wide on the tip. Conidia dimorphic,
macroconidia with pointed ends, fusiform or slightly falcate,
smooth-walled, 1-celled, 3.5 – 6(– 6.5) × 1–1.5 μm (4.8 ± 0.7 ×
1.3 ± 0.1), microconidia usually with rounded ends, ovate, ellipsoidal, or fusoid, frequently asymmetric, curved to reniform,
smooth-walled, 1-celled, 2 – 3.5 × 1–1.5 μm (2.7 ± 0.3 × 1.2
± 0.1). Microscopic prismatic crystals occasionally present in
culture, single or twinned (cruciform penetration twinning), up
to 16 × 6 μm; no octahedral crystals observed.
Culture characteristics — (in the dark, at 25 °C after 14 d):
Colonies on PCA 16 – 41 mm diam (9 – 21 mm after 7 d), white,
cottony, centrally raised, margin entire, submerged, no exudate
and soluble pigments, reverse yellowish white (4A2; Kornerup
& Wanscher 1967). Colonies on MEA 16 – 33 mm diam (9 – 21
mm after 7 d), white, cottony and raised (ex-type strain CCF
5201) or yellowish white (4A2) to pale yellow (4A3), waxy and
radially wrinkled (strains UBOCC-A-116026 and UBOCCA-112180), margin entire, no exudate and soluble pigments,
reverse yellowish white (4A2) to light yellow (4A4). Colonies
on PDA 20 – 41 mm diam (9 – 21 mm after 7 d), white, cottony,
centrally raised, colony surface or at least marginal parts radially wrinkled, margin entire, no exudate and soluble pigments,
reverse pale yellow (4A3) to greyish yellow (4B5). Growth rates
at 15 °C on PCA /MEA/PDA: 5 –7/ 4 – 8/4 – 6 mm after 7 d and
9 –15 /8 –14/8 –12 mm after 14 d, respectively. Growth rates at
20 °C on PCA /MEA/PDA: 7–13 /8 –13/8 –13 mm after 7 d and
15 – 25 /13 –19/17– 25 mm after 14 d, respectively. Growth at
27 and 30 °C slower than at 25 °C; no growth at 37 °C.
Notes — For BLAST analysis results see description of Le
canicillium restrictum. Lecanicillium testudineum has a higher
optimum temperature for growth and smaller macroconidia than
L. restrictum. Both micro- and macroconidia of L. kalimantan
ense and L. wallacei are longer than those of L. testudineum
(Zare & Gams 2001, Sukarno et al. 2009). Phialides of V. indo
nesiacum are most frequently produced in a single whorl at the
end of erect hyphae (Sukarno et al. 2009).
Intraspecific variability among isolates of L. testudineum was
observed in colony morphology on MEA and PDA (see above)
and growth parameters. Colony diameters of UBOCC-A-116026
were smaller on all media by 20 – 40 % compared to UBOCCA-112180, and by 25 – 55 % compared to CCF 5201T. The
isolates UBOCC-A-116026 and UBOCC-A-112180 sporulated
less intensively compared to CCF 5201T, but otherwise there
was a low degree of phenotypic variability in micromorphology,
similarly to a low genetic variability in all five examined loci.
Lecanicillium testudineum has been isolated from nickel-containing solution and superficial lesions on carapaces of two
captive red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans). We
believe that the species was a causal agent of these infections,
because it was isolated in pure culture during two subsequent
examinations and fungal hyphae were observed in the direct
microscopic examination. A more detailed case report will be
published elsewhere. Infections due to Lecanicillium spp. in reptiles are rare and have only been reported in captive Guthega
skinks (Liopholis guthega) (Scheelings et al. 2015).
[AJ292382, DQ522359] L. lecanii CBS 101247
[EF513012, – ] L. nodulosum IMI 338014
[KC633233, – ] L. sabanense JCh021
[AJ292385, KM283820] L. longisporum CBS 126.27T
[AJ292388, KM283821] L. muscarium CBS 143.62T
[AJ292434, EF468782] L. attenuatum CBS 402.78
[AJ292390, – ] L. psalliotae CBS 100172
[AJ292428, KM283817] L. fusisporum CBS 164.70T
100
[AJ292429, EF468784] L. dimorphum CBS 363.86T
[AJ292430, – ] L. aphanocladii CBS 101286
Typus. CzeCh repUBliC, Prague, scales from the carapace of the captive
red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans), Aug. 2015, coll. A. Schaufle
rová, isol. J. Koubková (holotype PRM 935078, isotype PRM 935079, culture
ex-type CCF 5201 = CBS 141096; SSU-ITS-LSU, tef1-α and tub2 sequences
GenBank LT548278, LT626942 and LT548284, MycoBank MB824886).
Additional material examined. FranCe, Tours, chemical solution of nickel,
Feb. 2012, isol. F. Déniel, UBOCC-A-112180 = CCF 5545, ITS, LSU, SSU,
tef1-α and tub2 sequences GenBank LT992874, LT992876, LT992875,
LT992868 and LT992870; chemical solution of nickel, Oct. 2016, isol. F. Déniel,
UBOCC-A-116026 = CCF 5546, ITS, LSU, SSU, tef1-α and tub2 sequences
GenBank LT992871, LT992873, LT992872, LT992867 and LT992869.
[DQ364668, KM283822] L. pissodis CBS 118231T
91
95
[AJ292432, EF469067] L. saksenae CBS 532.81T
100
[AB712266, – ] L. primulinum JCM 18525T
[EF641893, KM283810] L. acerosum CBS 418.81T
[AJ292392, DQ522350] L. antillanum CBS 350.85T
[AB378506, – ] L. araneicola NBRC 105407T
100
[AJ292464, EF468781] L. aranearum CBS 726.73AT
[AF324876, KM283815] L. fungicola var. aleophilum CBS 357.80T
99
100
[EF641889, KM283816] L. fungicola var. fungicola CBS 992.69T
[EF641878, KM283814] L. flavidum CBS 342.80T
[AJ292391, DQ522341] L. tenuipes CBS 309.85
0.05
[LT992874, LT992868] UBOCC-A-112180
100
100
[LT992871, LT992867] UBOCC-A-116026
[LT548279, LT626943] CCF 5252T
95
Colour illustrations. A red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) with
superficial lesions on the carapace; 14-d-old colonies of L. testudineum on
PCA (upper Petri dish) and MEA at 25 °C; whorls of phialides and solitary
phialides; micro- and macroconidia; twinned prismatic crystals occasionally
present in culture. Scale bars = 10 µm.
L. testudineum
[LT548278, LT626942] CCF 5201T
L. restrictum
[AB360356, – ] L. kalimantanense NBRC 105406T
100
[EF641891, EF469073] L. wallacei CBS 101237T
[AB378516, – ] Verticillium indonesiacum BTCC-F36T
100
[AJ292394, EF468798] Simplicillium obclavatum CBS 311.74T
[AJ292396, DQ522358] Simplicillium lanosoniveum CBS 704.86
Vit Hubka, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and
Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; e-mail: hubka@biomed.cas.cz
Alena Kubátová, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic;
e-mail: alena.kubatova@natur.cuni.cz
Adéla Schauflerová, Veterinární klinika spol. s r.o., Poděbradská 1079/63a, 198 00 Prague 9, Czech Republic; e-mail: schauflerova-adela@seznam.cz
Franck Déniel & Jean-Luc Jany, Université de Brest, EA3882 Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IBSAM, ESIAB,
Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France; e-mail: Franck.Deniel@univ-brest.fr & jean-luc.jany@univ-brest.fr
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
294
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Lentithecium carbonneanum
295
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 736 – 13 July 2018
Lentithecium carbonneanum J. Fourn., Raja & Oberlies, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after ‘Carbonne’ a commune in the Haute-Garonne
department in south-western France where the type species was collected.
Classification — Lentitheciaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideo
mycetes.
Ascomata subglobose to depressed-spherical, scattered, 290–
340 μm high, 380–420 μm diam, immersed to slightly erumpent,
with a non-papillate porate ostiole, blackening host surface.
Peridium 22 – 35 μm thick, pale to dark brown, pseudoparenchymatous, beneath a blackish brown clypeus 30–45 μm thick.
Asci bitunicate, fissitunicate, narrowly clavate, 100 –110 ×
13.5 –16 μm, with eight ascospores; uniseriate in lower half,
irregularly biseriate in upper half, including a short straight to
contorted stipe, 15–22 μm long, furcate at base; hamathecium
of cellular pseudoparaphyses, 1.5–3 μm wide with free rounded
tips, sparsely guttulate, embedded in mucilage. Ascospores
(14.5 –)17–19.5(– 22) × (5.5 –) 6 –7(– 8) μm, quotient length/
width (Q) = (2.4–)2.5 – 2.9(– 3); n = 60 (mean = 18.2 × 6.7 μm;
mean value of quotient length /width (Qe) = 2.7), ellipsoid-fusiform, 1-septate, strongly constricted at median septum, upper
cell wider and slightly constricted at mid height, usually more
obtusely rounded than lower one, with 3–4 large guttules, eventually 3-septate; wall 1 µm thick, yellowish brown, verrucose,
with remnants of slimy material visible in Indian ink but without
well-defined sheath.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on Potato Dextrose Agar
(PDA; Difco, Detroit, MI, USA) attaining 30 mm diam after 4 wk
at 25 °C, irregular, somewhat raised. Aerial mycelium appearing
finely flocculose, colony surface dark to mouse grey, hyaline
towards the margin with purple, vinaceous buff, filamentous;
reverse black.
and L. voraginesporum (Zhang et al. 2009a, b, Hyde et al. 2013,
2016, Tanaka et al. 2015, Su et al. 2016). Lentithecium carbon
neanum is morphologically similar to L. cangshanense, and
L. voraginesporum in having brown ascospores. Lentithecium
carbonneanum is, however, different from L. cangshanense
in having larger ascomata (290 – 340 μm high, 380 – 420 μm
diam in L. carbonneanum vs 210 – 310 μm high, 220 – 320 μm
diam in L. cangshanense). The asci in L. carbonneanum are
also larger than in L. cangshanense (100–110 × 13.5–16 μm in
L. carbonneanum vs 65 –78 × 11–13 μm in L. cangshanense)
(Su et al. 2016). Lentithecium carbonneanum differs from
L. voraginesporum in habitat type; the former was described
and isolated from submerged wood in a freshwater lake,
while the latter was described and isolated from submerged,
decayed Phragmites australis in the Arabian Gulf mangroves
(Hyde et al. 2016). A molecular phylogenetic analysis of
partial LSU sequences also clearly separates the two species from L. carbonneanum (see MycoBank). In addition, a
phylogenetic analysis using partial rpb2 sequences places
the new species along with the type species, L. fluviatile, and
L. cangshanense. In our analyses (partial LSU and partial rpb2),
L. aquaticum, does not cluster with other sequenced species of
Lentithecium including the type species, L. fluviatile.
0.2
FJ795455 Lentithecium aquaticum
100
GU371789 Lentithecium aquaticum
KM454446 Murilentithecium clematidis
100
KM454447 Murilentithecium clematidis
KT373846 Poaceascoma aquaticum
100
KP998460 Poaceascoma helicoides
96
Typus. FranCe, Haute-Garonne, Carbonne, SW of route du Lançon,
43.317932, 1.217286, artificial lake in a gravel pit, c. 200 m a.s.l., on submerged decorticated branch of Populus, 4 Apr. 2017, J. Fournier JF 17012
(holotype ILLS 81639, ex-holotype culture CBS 144076 = G951, single
ascospore isolate from holotype, ITS-LSU, partial LSU and partial rpb2
sequences GenBank MH062991, MH069699 and MH037278, MycoBank
MB824593).
DQ677972 Wettsteinina lacustris
97
100
AB539098 Ophiosphaerella sasicola
97
AB539095 Katumotoa bambusicola
MH037278 Lentithecium carbonneanum CBS 144076
89
94
KU991151 Lentithecium cangshanense
FJ795467 Lentithecium fluviatile
KP761717 Bambusicola splendida
Notes — The genus Lentithecium was established for L. flu
viatile (Zhang et al. 2009a). Although this genus was characterised by the lenticular ascomata, later work by Hyde et al.
(2013) upon re-examination based on the holotype of L. flu
viatile revealed that the species has globose ascomata, which
agrees with the description of L. carbonneanum. Morphologically, the new species from France agrees well with the
generic concept of Lentithecium in having globose ascomata,
fissitunicate, short pedicellate asci, and hyaline, 1– 3-septate
fusiform ascospores with obtuse ends (Zhang et al. 2009a).
More recently, species with brown ascospores (L. cangsha
nense and L. voraginesporum) have also been placed within
Lentithecium (Su et al. 2016, Hyde et al. 2016). The genus
Lentithecium currently includes six species, L. cangshanense,
L. clioninum, L. fluviatile, L. pseudoclioninum, L. unicellulare
Colour illustrations. Background photo of the artificial lake in France
where the fungus was collected (photo credit Marie Fournier); ascoma (scale
bars = 1 mm in top photo, 100 μm in others); asci (scale bars = 50 μm);
ascospores (scale bars = 10 μm).
100
71
100
99
KP761719 Bambusicola irregulispora
KP761718 Bambusicola bambusae
KP761716 Bambusicola massarinia
GU371732 Massarina eburnea
100
FJ795464 Massarina cisti
100
GU371801 Trematosphaeria pertusa
100
FJ795476 Trematosphaeria pertusa
GU479831 Morosphaeria ramunculicola
100
GU479827 Helicascus nypae
GU371783 Corynespora smithii
99
GU371742 Corynespora cassiicola
GU456350 Melanomma pulvis pyrius
Phylogram of the most likely tree (-lnL = 8822.39) from a
PHYML analysis of 25 taxa based on partial rpb2 sequence data
(914 bp). Numbers refer to PHYML bootstrap support values
≥ 70 % based on 1 000 replicates. Strain G951 (CBS 144076)
is indicated in bold and is identified as having phylogenetic
affinities to members of the genus Lentithecium. Scale bar
indicates nucleotide substitutions per site. A 30-d-old culture
of G951 (CBS 144076) on PDA media is shown.
Huzefa A. Raja & Nicholas H. Oberlies, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, USA;
e-mail: haraja@uncg.edu & n_oberli@uncg.edu
Jacques Fournier, Las Muros, 09420 Rimont, France; e-mail: jacques.fournier@club-internet.fr
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
296
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Leratiomyces tesquorum
297
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 737 – 13 July 2018
Leratiomyces tesquorum Adamčík & Vizzini, sp. nov.
Etymology. The specific epithet is the genitive plural of the Latin word
tesquum (= desert place) and refers to the growing of the fungus in desert
and arid areas.
Classification — Strophariaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomyce
tes.
Basidiomata pileostipitate, with lamellar hymenophore. Pileus
14 –18 mm wide, plano-convex, without or with low indistinct
umbo in the centre, margin not striated (not even when wet),
long involuted, surface hygrophanous, matt and shiny when
wet, not viscid, near the pileus margin smooth and becoming rugulose towards centre, when wet Sahara-brown (6D5;
Kornerup & Wanscher 1974) to yellowish brown (5D8) and
dark brown towards centre (6F8), dry uniformly pale yellowish
(more reddish than 4A3 – 4A4), no veil remnants observed.
Lamellae adnate-emarginate, L = 32 – 46, l = 1– 3, c. 3 mm
broad, first ivory-yellow (4B3), later grey-brown (6E3) to brown
(6E4). Stipe 30 – 40 × 3.5 – 6 mm, tapering towards base and
rooting deep (20 – 30 mm) in substrate (sandy soil), often fusiform, surface strongly fibrillose especially near lamellae, without veil remnants, interior hollow, above yellowish brown
(4C5 – chamois to 4B6 – amber-yellow), towards base darker
brown (6E5). Context elastic, concolorous with surface, not
changing after bruising or air-exposure, without distinctive
odour (or faint radish like). Sporeprint not obtained, probably
dark brown. Spores (n = 32) (11–)11.5 –12.4 –13 (–13.5) ×
(6 –)6.5 – 6.9 –7.5(– 8) µm, Q = (1.63 –)1.7–1.79 –1.90(– 2.01),
ellipsoid, oblong or amygdaloidal, in frontal view ellipsoid,
smooth, dark brown in 10 % KOH solution, walls 1 μm thick,
truncate with large germ pore (1–1.5 μm wide), hilar appendage
inconspicuous and hyaline. Basidia (31–)32.5–34.5–36.5(–39)
× (9.5–)10–11–11.5(–12) μm broadly clavate, mainly 4-spored,
occasionally 2- or 3-spored, mainly thin-walled but occasionally with slightly thickened walls, basidiola first cylindrical, then
clavate, c. 3.5 –10.5 μm wide. Subhymenium 25 – 30 μm thick,
of 2 – 5 μm wide, intricate hyphae forming a pseudoparenchymatic structure, sharply delimited from parallel hyphae of
lamellae trama, composed of < 50 μm long and c. 3 –10 μm
wide elements, often anastomosed and occasionally branched.
Cheilocystidia abundant, (19.5–)25.5–31.7–37.5(–40) × (4.5–)
5 –6 – 6.5(–7) μm, thin-walled or with slightly thickened walls
(< 0.5 μm), narrowly lageniform to subcylindrical, often moniliform, apically mainly subcapitate rounded, occasionally tapering. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis ixocutis, c. 20 – 30 μm
thick, composed of densely packed, horizontally oriented hyphae
with intracellular yellow pigments, with mainly slightly or distinctly thickened walls, near the surface gelatinised and strongly
incrusted by yellow-brown pigments, terminal elements near
the pileus margin dispersed, narrowly lageniform, subulate
Colour illustrations. Great Plains prairies, Pawnee National grassland,
short-grass dry prairie with Opuntia sp. and Bouteloua dactyloides, where
the holotype was collected. Right: Basidiomes; cheilocystidia; basidia and
spores (all from holotype). Left: Structure of pileipellis near the pileus margin
(a), hyphal terminations in pileipellis near the pileus centre (b) and margin (c);
caulocystidia (d), basidiola (e) and basidia (f, all from holotype). Microscopic
elements were observed in Congo red. Scale bars = 10 mm (basidiomes),
10 μm (microscopic structures). All photos and drawings by S. Adamčík.
or subcylindrical, apically often attenuated or constricted,
occasionally with nodules or lateral branches, often flexuous, (32 –)44 – 62.2 – 80(– 91) × (4.5 –)6 – 8.7–11(–12.5) µm;
hyphal terminations near the pileus centre embedded in thick
gelatinous matter that does not colour in Congo red, more attenuated, narrower and more nodulose-branched than those
near the pileus margin, terminal elements look like ixohyphidia
of Flammulina velutipes, measuring (32–)38.5–52.7–67(–92)
× (2.5 –)3 – 4.1– 5(– 5.5) µm. Pileitrama composed of irregularly oriented, branched, loose, intricate hyphae composed of
c. 40–120 × 2 – 25(– 30) μm elements, often nodulose. Caulo
cystidia present and abundant on stipe surface near just under
the lamellae, (22–)32–47.3–62.5(–92) × (2.5–)3.6–4.4–5(–6)
μm, often fasciculate in dense cluster, repent or ascending,
subcylindrical, apically often constricted, occasionally nodulose
or with lateral branches, towards apices usually flexuous, thinwalled or with slightly thickened walls, with yellow intracellular
pigments and brownish yellow incrustations; caulocystidia completely disappear in lower part of the stipe. Stipititrama of parallel hyphae composed of c. 30 –100 × 4 –10(–15) μm large elements that are often nodulose, branched or anastomosed, often
with thickened walls. Clamp connections present everywhere.
Habit, Habitat & Distribution — Solitary or gregarious,
in arid and semi-arid grasslands, associated with Poaceae
(Bouteloua dactyloides, B. gracilis, Stipa hymenoides). So far
known only from USA, viz. Colorado (based on the presence of
basidiomes), New Mexico and Utah (based on environmental
sequences).
Typus. USa, Colorado, Weld Co., Great Plains prairies, Pawnee National
grassland, N40°39'40" W104°5'17", short-grass prairie, cattle pasture, terrestrial on naked sandy soil, among scattered vegetation of Opuntia sp., buffalo
grass (Bouteloua dactyloides) and other plants, 19 Oct. 2013, S. Adamčík
(holotype SAV F-4052, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH043618 and
MH036177, MycoBank MB 825174).
Additional material examined. Leratiomyces laetissimus. CzeCh rePrague-Spořilov, Chodovská street, 26 Sept. 2012, J. Borovička,
PRM860990, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH043619 and MH036178.
Leratiomyces squamosus. CzeCh repUBliC, Malonty - Bělá, 28 Sept. 2008,
O. Jindřich, PRM922211, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH043620 and
MH036179. Pholiota squarrosa. CzeCh repUBliC, Bílina, Bořeň, 15 Oct.
2013, M. Kříž, PRM923259, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH043621
and MH036180.
pUBliC,
Notes — A phylogenetic estimation using Maximum likelihood (ML) on the nrITS sequences revealed that a major
clade, here named as the Leratiomyces laetissimus complex,
is highlighted within the genus Leratiomyces. This clade encompasses the minor clades 1– 3 and the Psilocybe calongei
lineage. Clade 1 consists of environmental sequences of an
uncultured root-associated (endophyte) fungus of Bouteloua
gracilis (USA, New Mexico; Porras-Alfaro et al. 2008); clade 2
of L. tesquorum, two sequences of an uncultured mycorrhizal
fungus (endophyte) of Stipa hymenoides (USA, Utah; Hawkes
et al. 2006) and several sequences of an uncultured rootassociated (endophyte) fungus of Bouteloua gracilis (USA, New
Mexico; Porras-Alfaro et al. 2008); clade 3 of L. laetissimus and
Leratiomyces sp. SC5F2-1.
For supplementary information see MycoBank.
Alfredo Vizzini & Enrico Ercole, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, I-10125 Torino, Italy;
e-mail: alfredo.vizzini@unito.it & e.ercole@unito.it
Slavomír Adamčík, Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523,
Bratislava, Slovakia; e-mail: Slavomir.Adamcik@savba.sk
Katarína Adamčíková, Department of Plant Pathology and Mycology, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen,
Akademická 2, SK-949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; e-mail: katarina.adamcikova@ife.sk
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
298
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Lomentospora valparaisensis
299
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 738 – 13 July 2018
Lomentospora valparaisensis E. Álvarez, sp. nov.
Etymology. Referring to Valparaiso, where this fungus was collected, Italy
Park, Valparaiso, Chile.
Pseudallescheria africana (GenBank AJ890132; Identities 437/
484 (90 %); 16 gaps (3 %)).
Classification — Microascaceae, Microascales, Sordario
mycetes.
Our phylogenetic inference, performed using the ITS and tub2
sequences, demonstrated that our fungus represents a new
species of the genus Lomentospora, being closely related to
L. prolificans. Lomentospora valparaisensis can be distinguished from L. prolificans based on its slow growth at 15 °C
compared to that of L. prolificans. They can also be distinguished based on the homogeneous size and shape of the
sporangiospores (5.5 – 6.5 × 4 – 5 μm) compared with those
observed in L. prolificans (3 –7 × 2 – 5 μm). In addition, our
strains showed mixed conidiogenous cells: i) those arising from
undifferentiated hyphae, cylindrical to somewhat flask-shaped
(S. apiospermum group-like); and ii) those flask-shaped, locally
aggregated in small brushes (L. prolificanslike). Moreover,
L. valparaisensis can be differentiated from Scedosporium spp.
by its colony colour on various culture media.
Growth Rates at 15°C on PDA
Growth diameters (mm)
Hyphae hyaline to pale brown, 1– 3 μm wide, thin- to thickwalled, smooth, and septate. Conidiogenous cells of two types:
i) solitary, consisting of a single conidiogenous cell disposed
laterally on undifferentiated hyphae or in side branches. Coni
diogenous cells enteroblastic, percurrent (annellides), thin- and
smooth-walled, cylindrical or slightly broad at the base and
with several broad scars at the upper part, 6 – 40 × 1.5 – 4 μm,
producing conidia singly, or in slimy masses similar in shape
and size to the sessile conidia, but with a broader basal scar.
This type of conidiogenous cells resembles those observed in
Scedosporium apiospermum; ii) aggregated in small brushes,
flask-shaped, often bearing a long, inconspicuously annellated
zone, inflated at base. This type resembles those observed in
Lomentospora prolificans. Morphologically, these strains seem
to be intermediate between these previously cited species. Co
nidia sessile or situated on conidiogenous cells, at first hyaline,
later becoming pale brown, thick- and smooth-walled, regularly
ellipsoid, rounded at the ends, but with a small flattened area
at the base, 5.5 – 6.5 × 4 – 5 μm. Synnemata and sexual morph
not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on Potato Dextrose Agar
(PDA) attaining 15 mm diam after 14 d at 25 °C, velvety, olivaceous green, reverse blackish. Colonies on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) attaining 12–15 mm diam after 14 d at 25 °C,
velvety, olivaceous green; reverse black. Growth observed at
15, 25, 37, 40 and 42 °C, but no growth at 5 and 48 °C.
Typus. Chile, Valparaiso, Italy Park, from soil, 2016, F. Salas (holotype
Vlpo164, culture ex-type ChFC-164, ITS and tub2 sequences GenBank
MG495075 and MG544878, MycoBank MB824509).
days of incubation
Additional material examined. Chile, Valparaiso, O’Higgins Square, from
soil, 2017, E. Álvarez, specimen Vlpo505, culture ChFC-505, ITS and tub2
sequences GenBank MG495076 and MG544879.
156: Lomentospora prolificans; 157: Lomentospora prolificans;
171: Lomentospora prolificans; 164: Lomentospora valparaisiensis
sp. nov.
Notes — This fungus was isolated from soil samples from
parks and squares of Valparaiso. Macroscopically, L. valparai
sensis resembles L. prolificans (Hennebert & Desai 1974).
Both species have dematiaceous colonies in all media tested.
However, L. valparaisensis has green colonies, while L. prolifi
cans exhibits olivaceous grey colonies that become olivaceous
green with age. Microscopically, L. valparaisensis presents
two types of conidiogenous cells; one of them resembling
L. prolificans, and the other type resembles those observed in
S. apiospermum. In fact, L. valparaisensis seems to be intermediate between L. prolificans and S. apiospermum.
Based on BLAST search results, the closest hits with ITS
sequences was L. prolificans (GenBank KC254095; Identities = 528/528 (100 %), no gaps) and Petriella setifera (GenBank KX449497; Identities = 489/533 (92 %), 14 gaps (2 %));
by using tub2 the closest hits were L. prolificans (GenBank
AJ890127; Identities = 470 /481 (98 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and
Colour illustrations. Italy Park, Valparaiso; colony after 15 d at 25 °C on
PDA; two types of conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 μm.
Scedosporium angustum CBS254.72T
Scedosporium fusoideum CBS106.53T
Scedosporium ellipsoideum CBS418.73T
Scedosporium boydii CBS101.22T
Scedosporium apiospermum FMR8619T
Scedosporium dehoogii CBS117406T
Scedosporium minutisporum FMR4072T
100
Scedosporium desertorum CBS489.72T
Scedosporium aurantiacum FMR8630T
85
74
Scedosporium cereisporum CBS137296T
Lomentospora prolificans FMR7294T
100
Lomentospora valparaisensis CHFC164
T
100 Lomentospora valparaisensis CHFC505
Petriellopsis africana CBS311.72T
92
Petriella sordida UTHSC03394
0.01
Maximum Likelihood tree obtained from the concatenated DNA
sequences from two loci (ITS and tub2) of our isolates and
sequences retrieved from GenBank database. Tree was built
by using PhyML 3.0. Bootstrap support values (≥ 70 %) are
given above the branches. Petriellopsis africana CBS 311.72
and Petriella sordida UTHSC 03-394 were used as outgroup.
The new species proposed in the present study is indicated in
bold face. T = ex-type.
Eduardo Álvarez Duarte, Mycology Unit, Biomedical Sciences Department, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile;
e-mail: ealvarezd@med.uchile.cl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
300
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Marquesius aquaticus
301
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 739 – 13 July 2018
Marquesius L.B. Conç., R.F. Castañeda & Gusmão, gen. nov.
Etymology. Named for Dr Marcos F.O. Marques (in memoriam), recognising his contribution to popularisation of mycology in the northeast of Brazil.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Dothideomycetes.
Colonies on the natural substrate effuse. Mycelium partly
superficial, partly immersed. Conidiophores macro- and mononematous, erect, simple or branched, straight or slightly curved,
cylindrical, sometimes with percurrent extension, septate,
smooth or rarely verrucose, brown to pale brown, basal cells
lobed or sometimes inflated. Conidiogenous cells mono- or
polyblastic, denticulate, integrated. Denticles conspicuous,
cylindrical, truncate at apex. Conidial secession schizolytic.
Conidia acropleurogenous, holoblastic, simple, in acropetal
chains, dry, septate, constricted or not at septa, thick-walled,
verrucose, brown to pale brown, sometimes with a conspicuous hilum at base.
Type species. Marquesius aquaticus L.B. Conç., R.F. Castañeda &
Gusmão.
MycoBank MB823622.
Marquesius aquaticus L.B. Conç., R.F. Castañeda & Gusmão, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the aquatic habitat, from which this fungus
was collected.
Colonies on the natural substrate effuse, sparse, hairy, pale
brown. Mycelium partly superficial, partly immersed, composed
of septate, branched, smooth, pale brown hyphae, 2 – 3 μm
wide. Conidiophores macro- and mononematous, erect, simple or rarely with apical branched, straight or slightly curved,
cylindrical, sometimes with percurrent extension by regenerative growth unrelated to conidiation, 3 –7-septate, thick-walled,
smooth, brown to pale brown toward the apex, basal cells lobed
or sometimes inflated, 45 – 202.5 × 3 – 4.5 μm. Conidiogenous
cells mono- or polyblastic, denticulate, determinate or with
several, short sympodial extension, integrated, terminal or
rarely subterminal, smooth, verruculose to verrucose, where
terminal, usually inflated at apex, 11– 20 × 3 – 6 μm, 1.5 – 3 μm
wide at base, where subterminal, cylindrical, 16 –18 × 2 – 3
μm. Denticles predominately at apex of conidiogenous cells,
cylindrical, truncate, slightly melanised margin, 0.5–1.5 × 0.5–1
μm. Conidial secession schizolytic. Conidia acropleurogenous,
holoblastic, simple, in short acropetal chains (1– 2 on natural
substrate; 4 – 5 on culture), dry, 0 –1-septate, constrict or not at
septa, ellipsoidal to narrowly clavate, thick-walled, verrucose,
pale brown, 9–15 × 4–8 μm (on Corn Meal Agar (CMA) ellipsoidal to clavate, 9–14 × 4–6 μm), sometimes with a conspicuous
hilum at base.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on CMA with slow development (attaining 25 mm diam in 7 wk at 25 °C), circular,
sparse aerial mycelium, raised to umbonate, entire edges,
surface with central brown and black margins, reverse black.
Notes — Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the LSU sequence are
Dothideomycetes sp. KO-groupB 2014 (GenBank AB986428.1;
Identities = 616 /616 (100 %), no gaps), Dothideomycetes sp.
genotype 377 isolate FL0753 (GenBank JQ760416.1; Identities = 523/559 (94 %), 7 gaps (1 %)) and Sympodiella acicola
strain CBS 487.82 (GenBank KY853530.1; Identities = 563/631
(89 %), 18 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the ITS sequence
had highest similarity to Dothideomycetes sp. KO-groupB 2014
(GenBank AB986428.1; Identities = 555/559 (99 %), no gaps),
Dothideomycetes sp. genotype 377 isolate FL0753 (GenBank
JQ760416.1; Identities = 458 / 547 (84 %), 29 gaps (5 %))
and Cylindrosympodium lauri strain CBS 240.95 (GenBank
EU035414.1; Identities = 319 /366 (87 %), 13 gaps (3 %)).
Castanedaea minor (Partridge et al. 2001) represents a monotypic genus and it resembles Marquesius morphologically,
although the presence of conspicuous denticles distinguishes
it. The conidiogenous cells of Marquesius are more similar to
Cylindrosympodium than Sympodiella. Apparently, the OTUs
(GenBank AB986428 and JQ760416.1) isolated from Ceno
coccum ‘black sclerotia’ (Obase et al. 2014), are specimens
of the same genus.
Typus. Brazil, Bahia, Pindobaçu, Serra da Fumaça, on submerged decaying twig and leaves of unidentified plant, 26 July 2016, L.B. Conceição
(holotype HUEFS-216710, culture ex-type CCLAMIC 153/16, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MG572717 and MG572718, MycoBank MB823623).
Colour illustrations. Serra da Fumaça, Pindobaçu, Brazil; general aspect;
conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 5 μm.
Lucas B. Conceição & Luís F.P. Gusmão, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana,
Av. Transnordestina s/n, NovoHorizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil; e-mail: lucasbc-@hotmail.com & lgusmao@uefs.br
Rafael F. Castañeda-Ruiz, Inst. de Investigaciones Fundamentales en Agricultura Tropical ‘Alejandro de Humboldt’, Calle 1 Esq. 2, C.P. 17200,
Santiago de Las Vegas, C. Habana, Cuba; e-mail: rfcastanedaruiz@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
302
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Mastigosporella pigmentata
303
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 740 – 13 July 2018
Mastigosporella pigmentata V.P. Abreu & O.L. Pereira, sp. nov.
Etymology. Refers to the pigmented conidia of the species.
Classification — Harknessiaceae, Diaporthales, Sordario
mycetes.
Conidiomata immersed, pycnidial, up to 160 μm diam, pale
brown on host tissue; wall of 4–6 layers of pale brown to brown
textura globulosa to subglobosa. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells pale brown, smooth, ampulliform or doliiform, 4.5–9 × 4–7 μm. Conidia solitary, aseptate,
ellipsoid to fusiform, unicellular, pale brown, sometimes slightly
darker at the ends, smooth, thick-walled, developing a solitary
apical appendage (cellular, type A1 sensu Nag Raj 1993), which
is part of the conidial body, developing while still attached to the
conidiogenous cell, attenuating into an acutely rounded tip; conidium body 21–33 × 6.5–9.5 μm (excluding appendage); basal
hilum truncate, 1.5–2 μm diam, apical appendage developing as
continuation of conidium body, containing cytoplasm, 11–28 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on malt extract agar 63
mm diam after 5 d at 25 °C with a photoperiod of 12 h, margins
irregular, white aerial mycelium, colonies fertile.
Typus. Brazil, Minas Gerais, Paraopeba, Floresta Nacional de Paraopeba
(FLONA-Paraopeba), on leaves of Qualea parviflora (Vochysiaceae), 31 Jan.
2016, V. P. Abreu & O.L. Pereira (holotype VIC 44383, culture ex-type COAD
2370; ITS, LSU and tef1 sequences GenBank MG587929, MG587928 and
MH020056, MycoBank MB823670).
Notes — Species of the coelomycete genus Mastigosporella
are characterised by yellowish brown to dark brown pycnidial
conidiomata and hyaline conidiogenous cells with enteroblasticpercurrent proliferation to produce additional narrowly ellipsoid
to fusiform conidia bearing an appendage of type A1 (appendage initially arising as a tubular extension of the conidium
body) (Nag Raj 1993). Presently, the genus Mastigosporella is
known from three species, M. hyalina, M. anisophylleae and M.
georgiana (Nag Raj 1993, Crous et al. 2013, Rossman et al.
2015, Senanayake et al. 2017). Only one species of Mastigo
sporella (M. anisophylleae) is known from culture and DNA
sequence data (Crous et al. 2013, Senanayake et al. 2017).
Mastigosporella pigmentata clearly differs from M. hyalina,
M. anisophylleae and M. georgiana by having pale brown
conidia and conidiogenous cells. Mastigosporella pigmentata
presents larger and wider conidia than M. hyalina and M. geor
giana. Mastigosporella pigmentata has conidia similar in length
to M. anisophylleae, but distinguishable from it by being wider. In
addition, the conidia of M. pigmentata presents apical appendages longer than M. anisophylleae and M. hyalina. Members of
this genus were reported from the USA and Zambia on leaves of
Quercus coccinea; on leaves and petioles of Nyssa biflora and
Nyssa sylvatica and on Anisophyllea sp. (Nag Raj 1993, Crous
et al. 2013, Senanayake et al. 2017). To our knowledge this is
the first report of the occurrence of the genus Mastigosporella
in Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis and morphological comparisons
support the introduction of M. pigmentata as a new species
within this genus.
ITS. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence are
Mastigosporella anisophylleae (GenBank NR_137844; Identities = 508/568 (89 %), 16 gaps (2 %)), Harknessia communis
(GenBank KY979780; Identities = 517/580 (89 %), 23 gaps
(3 %)) and Harknessia eucalyptorum (GenBank AY720747;
Identities = 501/564 (89 %), 23 gaps (4 %)).
LSU. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide database, the closest hits using the LSU sequence
are Harknessia lythri (GenBank AF408364; Identities = 809/815
(99 %), no gaps), Cryphonectria decipiens (GenBank JQ862750;
Identities = 807/815 (99 %), no gaps) and Latruncellus aurorae
(GenBank NG_042572; Identities = 807/815 (99 %), no gaps).
tef1. On a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, no significant hits were obtained.
Morphological characteristics (in μm) of Mastigosporella spp.
Species
Conidia
Conidiogenous cells
Apical appendage
References
Mastigosporella anisophylleae
(21–)27– 30(– 32) × (4.5–)5 – 5.5(– 6)
Mastigosporella georgiana
16 – 25 × 5 –7
5 –12 × 3 – 5
(5 –)6 –7(– 8)
Crous et al. (2013)
5 –10 × 2.5– 6
12 – 26 × 1
Mastigosporella hyalina
Nag Raj (1993), Rossman et al. (2015)
18 – 28 × 3.5 – 5
7–11 × 3– 4(– 5)
5 –10(–12)
Mastigosporella pigmentata
Nag Raj (1993)
21– 33 × 6.5 – 9.5
4.5 – 9 × 4–7
11– 28
This study
Colour illustrations. Leaf spot symptoms on Qualea parviflora (Vochy
siaceae) in Floresta Nacional de Paraopeba, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil;
vertical section of conidiomata; conidiogenous cell with developing pigmented
conidia; mature pale brown conidia with apical appendages; colony on MEA
after 5 d at 25 °C. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Vanessa P. Abreu, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
e-mail: vanessa.abreu@ufv.br
Olinto L. Pereira, Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
e-mail: oliparini@ufv.br
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
304
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Matsushimaea monilioides
305
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 741 – 13 July 2018
Matsushimaea monilioides Iturrieta-González, Dania García & Gené, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the moniliform filaments in conidia.
Classification — Sympoventuriaceae, Venturiales, Dothideo
mycetes.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, olive, smooth-walled,
1–2 μm diam hyphae, frequently forming hyphal coils, occasionally with irregular swellings not constricted at the septa. Conidio
phores micronematous, often reduced to conidiogenous cells
with conidia arising directly on hyphae. Conidiogenous cells
integrated, mono- or polyblastic, intercalary or terminal, elongated, 7–14.5 × 2 – 4 μm, pale brown, smooth-walled. Conidia
solitary, sessile or on short protrusions, irregularly shaped, composed of a basal cell from which arise acropetal chains of cells,
giving place to moniliform, septate, often branched filaments,
up to 46 μm long and 2 – 4.5 μm wide, remaining attached at
maturity; cells globose, subglobose, ellipsoidal to somewhat
pyriform, 2.5 – 5.5 × 2 – 4.5 μm, brown, smooth-walled. Sexual
morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA reaching up to
13 mm diam after 14 d at 25 °C, yellowish brown, velvety, flat,
aerial mycelium scarce, margin entire; reverse dark brown. On
OA up to 14 mm diam after 14 d at 25 °C, dark brown, dusty,
flat; reverse dark brown. No growth at 37 °C.
Typus. Spain, Catalonia, Tarragona, Parc Samà, garden soil, Feb. 2017,
J. Gené & I. IturrietaGonzález (holotype CBS H-23392; cultures ex-type
FMR 16505 = CBS 143867, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank LT883468
and LT883469, MycoBank MB823930).
Notes — The genus Matsushimaea was erected by Subramanian (1977) to accommodate Torula fasciculata, a fungus
described by Matsushima (1975) and characterised by the
production of sessile branched conidia arising directly from
vegetative hyphae. In addition to the type, M. fasciculata, the genus currently includes two other species, M. fertilis (CastañedaRuiz et al. 1996) and M. magna (Matsushima 1996). The three
92
0.02
70
77
99
monilioides sp. nov. FMR 16505T
Matsushimaea fasciculata CBS 167.97
Fusicladium pini CBS 463.82T
Fusicladium paraamoenum CBS 141322T
Fusicladium amoenum CBS 254.95T
85
100
Fusicladium intermedium CBS 110746T
Fusicladium eucalypticola CBS 141301T
Fusicladium eucalypti CBS 128216T
Veronaeopsis simplex CBS 588.66T
85
Fusicladium africanum CPC 12828T
79
Scolecobasidium excentricum CBS 469.95T
98
Matsushimaea fasciculata and M. magna morphologically differ
from our fungus in conidial morphology; while the conidia of
the former are more regularly shaped, obconical to cupulate
and measure 30 – 45 μm long (Matsushima 1975), those of
M. magna are larger, up to 100 μm long (Matsushima 1996).
Ochroconis and Verruconis spp.
Fusicladium cordae CCF 3843T
100
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using LSU sequence of M. monil
ioides with other sympoventuriaceous species were Fusicla
dium sicillianum (CBS 105.85; GenBank FN398150.1) with a
similarity of 95 % (531/557) and Fusicladium rhodense (CBS
121641; GenBank EU035440.1) also 95 % (812/855) similar.
The closest hits using the ITS sequence were F. rhodense (CBS
121641; GenBank EU035440.1) and F. sicillianum (CBS 105.85;
GenBank FN549914.1) with a similarity of 86 % (402/470) and
85 % (390/459), respectively.
Fusicladium sicillianum CBS 105.85T
Ma
yuy
himaea
100
Matsushimaea monilioides morphologically resembled M. ferti
lis. However, a megablast search with ITS and LSU sequences
of the ex-type strain (INFAT C93/204 = IMI 358617) of this latter
species showed it was related to the genus Cladophialophora
(Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriales), being highly similar to
the sequences of the ex-type of C. boppii (CBS 126.86; LSU
100 % similar with GenBank FJ358233 and ITS 98 % similar
with GenBank NR_131297). Therefore, M. fertilis was excluded
in the present phylogenetic analysis.
Fusicladium rhodense CBS 121641T
100
98
100
species were found on leaf litter from Japan, Cuba and South
Africa, respectively. Considering the lack of molecular data for
Matsushimaea and that only for M. fertilis ex-type cultures were
available for comparison, we selected a reference strain of
M. fasciculata (CBS 167.97), which morphological features fit
with those of the protologue of the species, in order to elucidate
the phylogenetic position of the genus among ascomycetes
and determine its relationships with our fungus. A phylogenetic
analysis with the rDNA operon (ITS and LSU) placed the CBS
strain of M. fasciculate in the family Sympoventuriaceae and it
was closely related to our strain. However, both strains showed
genetic differences (99 % similar with LSU, 86 % with ITS)
enough to be considered distinct species.
Sympoventuria capensis CPC 12839T
100 Sympoventuria capensis CPC 12840
91
Venturiaceae
Maximum likelihood tree inferred with MEGA v. 6 software
(Tamura et al. 2013) from the analysis of ITS sequences of
Sympoventuriaceae and Venturiaceae families. Bootstrap
support values above 70 % are indicated on the nodes. The
alignment included 665 bp and was performed with ClustalW
implemented in MEGA. Tamura 3-parameter with Gamma
distribution and Invariant sites (G+I) was used as the best nucleotide substitution model. The new species proposed in this
study is indicated in bold face in the green box. A superscript
T
denotes ex-type cultures.
Colour illustrations. Parc Samà, Tarragona, Spain; colony sporulating on
OA and conidia after 14 d at 25 °C. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Isabel Iturrieta-González, Josepa Gené, Dania García & Josep Guarro, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV,
Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain;
e-mail: isabeliturrieta@gmail.com, josepa.gene@urv.cat, dania.garcias@urv.cat & josep.guarro@urv.cat
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
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Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Mucor souzae
307
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 742 – 13 July 2018
Mucor souzae C.A. de Souza, D.X. Lima & A.L. Santiago, sp. nov.
Etymology. The specific epithet honours Dr José Ivanildo de Souza, for
his many contributions to our knowledge of mucoralean fungi in Brazil.
Classification — Mucoraceae, Mucorales, Mucoromycota.
Mycelium presents dilated rhizoid-like hyphae with yellow
contents as well as randomly distributed globose, subglobose
and doliiform swellings, 12.5 – 22 μm diam. Odour acid, strong
and unpleasant. Sporangiophores arising from aerial mycelia,
simple or repeatedly sympodially branched, with long or short
branches, erect, some slightly curved, smooth-walled, hyaline,
(3 –)5 –11(–12.5) μm diam. Distance between sporangium and
the next lateral branch is sometimes reduced, so that the sporangia appear to be sessile. One or two septa may be formed
below the sporangia, mainly in those with short branches.
Sporangia first yellow then becoming yellow to pale brown,
globose, subglobose, 30 – 50 μm diam, subsmooth to very
shortly echinulate; wall evanescent, some leaving small collars. Columellae hyaline to pale grey, smooth-walled, globose,
subglobose, 15–35 μm diam or applanate, 12–25 × 15–25 μm,
some with an evident collar. Sporangiospores variable in shape
and size, hyaline, smooth-walled, mostly ellipsoid, (6 –)7.5 – 20
× 4.5 –7(–10) µm, some ellipsoid to fusoid, 2.5 –7.5 × 1.5 – 2.5
µm, reniform, 6 –15 × 3.5 –7.5 μm, and some bizarre in shape,
7.5 – 22 × 5 –10 µm. Oidia often observed. Zygosporangia not
observed.
Culture characteristics and cardinal temperatures for growth
— Colonies firstly white then turning yellow due to the presence of numerous cytoplasmic oil droplets, silken-like, low
and exhibiting fast growth (9 cm diam and 0.5 cm in height)
after 3 d on MEA at 25 °C. Reverse yellowish with irregular
margins. On MEA: At 10 °C lack of growth and sporulation. At
12 °C limited growth, reaching 3.1 cm diam after 96 h; poor
sporulation. At 15 °C slow growth, reaching 4.5 cm diam after
120 h; poor sporulation. At 20 °C good growth (7.5 cm diam
in 96 h); excellent sporulation. Mostly sporangiophores with
simple branches. At 25 °C better growth (9 cm diam in 72 h);
excellent sporulation. At 30 °C good growth (7 cm diam in
72 h); good sporulation. At 35 °C limited growth (0.8 mm diam
after 96 h); poor sporulation. At 40 °C growth and sporulation
lacking. The growth of M. souzae on PDA was slightly slower
than on MEA at all the temperatures tested.
Typus. Brazil, Triunfo municipality, Pernambuco state, S7°52'29.42"
W38°06'12.07", isolated from soil samples, 6 Nov. 2015, C.A.F de Souza
(holotype URM 91186, culture ex-type URM 7553, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank KY992878 and KY992879, MycoBank MB824580).
Notes — Based on phylogenetic relationships inferred from
LSU and ITS nrDNA loci and morphophysiological analysis,
M. souzae differs from the other accepted species of the genus. Mucor souzae produces sporangiophores arising from
aerial mycelia, simple or repeatedly sympodially branched,
with long or short branches and sporangiospores that are variable in shape and size. One or two septa may sometimes be
formed below the sporangia. In the LSU tree (data not shown),
M. souzae was nested in a subclade close to M. hiemalis,
M. merdicola and M. irregularis. Mucor hiemalis is characterised
as producing tall sporangiophores that are slightly sympodially
branched as well as ellipsoidal columellae with a truncate base,
differing from those observed in M. souzae, which presents
simple or repeatedly sympodially branched sporangiophores,
and globose, subglobose or applanate columellae. In contrast
to M. souzae, M. irregularis produces ellipsoidal, cylindrical
and pyriform columellae, and rhizoids, which are absent in
M. souzae. The production of ellipsoid and ellipsoid to fusiform sporangiospores is very common in both M. souzae
and M. merdicola. However, the former is distinguished from
M. merdicola by the production of larger and bizarre shape of
its sporangiospores, 7.5 – 22 × 5 –10 μm, in contrast with those
observed in M. merdicola, which are ellipsoid to fusiform, ellipsoid or subglobose. The ITS tree showed the new species
formed a separate clade between M. nidicola and M. irregula
ris. At first, M. souzae may be morphologically confused with
M. nidicola (Madden et al. 2012), as the colour and height of
colonies of both can be similar. However, the branching pattern
of the sporangiophores of M. nidicola reported by Madden et
al. (2012), which are simple or 1– 2 branched, does not correspond to that observed here. Additionally, M. souzae exhibits
subsmooth to very shortly echinulate, globose or subglobose
sporangia, 30 – 50 μm diam, whereas M. nidicola sporangia
are globose, 30 –70 μm diam, and smooth-walled to warty.
Both ITS and LSU nrDNA sequences of M. souzae revealed a
close genetic relationship to the M. hiemalis group, although
it presents a sporangiophore branching pattern different from
those described by Schipper (1973) for this group, in which
species are characterised as producing tall and weakly sympodially branched sporangiophores. According to Madden
et al. (2012), the morphological differences among species
within the M. hiemalis group are not obvious, although differences between M. irregularis and M. merdicola were supported
(Álvarez et al. 2011).
Legend and tree are in MycoBank.
Colour illustrations. Fragment of an Upland Atlantic Forest within the
semi-arid region in Triunfo municipality, Pernambuco state of Northeast Brazil;
colony surface on MEA; simple sporangiophore with sporangium; simple
sporangiophore with columellae; sympodially branched sporangiophores
with columella; sporangiospores and oidia. Scale bars = 25 μm.
Carlos A.F. de Souza, Thalline R. Leite Cordeiro, Diogo X. Lima, Rafael J.V. de Oliveira & André Luiz C.M. de A. Santiago,
Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: carlos_fragoso1@hotmail.com, thalline.leite30@gmail.com, diogo_xavier00@hotmail.com, rafaelvilela87@gmail.com & andrelcabral@msn.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
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Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Mycocalia aquaphila
309
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 743 – 13 July 2018
Mycocalia aquaphila R. Cruz, L.T. Carmo, M.P. Martín, Gusmão & Baseia, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named in reference to the submerged substrate where it was
found growing, on decaying wood coming from the tidal detritus.
Classification — Nidulariaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata globose to subglobose, 1.1–1.5 mm height × 1.4–
2.2 mm width, covered by a thin whitish peridium when young.
Peridioles dark brown (7F3; Kornerup & Wanscher 1978),
0.5 – 0.7 × 0.5 – 0.6 mm, angular, circular or irregular in shape,
with smooth to slightly rugose surface, 0.1– 0.2 mm thick. Cor
tex 1-layered, reticulate with brownish hyphal branches, main
branch 6 – 9.5 μm thick, secondary branches 4 – 6 μm thick,
tertiary branches 2.5–4.5 μm thick, quaternary branches 1.5–2
μm thick, gleba dark greyish brown, and intermediate layer
spongy, bronze. Basidiospores smooth, hyaline, (6.5–)7.5–10.5
× 4 – 5.5 μm (L = 8.8 μm; W = 4.9 μm; n = 30 spores), ellipsoid
to cylindrical, rarely slightly ellipsoid (Q = (1.30–)1.54 – 2.26),
elongated on average (Qm = 1.82), apicule absent and spore
wall 0.5 –1 μm thick.
Typus. Brazil, Pará, Belém, Mosqueiro Island, Marahú Beach, S01°04'24.4"
W48°24'00.4", solitaire to gregarious on decaying wood from tidal detritus,
7 Apr. 2017, L.T. Carmo (holotype UFRN-Fungos 2944, isotype HUEFS
234860, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MG836281 and MG836282, MycoBank 823882).
Additional material examined. HUEFS 234861.
Notes — Among the bird’s nest fungi, Mycocalia is one
of the genera least reported by researchers (Brodie 1975),
and much of it is due to the fact that their species had been
described as Nidularia until the proposition of Mycocalia by
Palmer (1961). All new species identifications, five in total,
excluding synonyms, occurred in the first half of the 1960s,
and no new species had been proposed since Mycocalia
sphagneti (Cejp & Palmer 1963). Together with M. denudata
and M. reticulata, the new species M. aquaphila is one of the
few taxa of the genus reported for South America, and the first
described and recorded exclusively in Brazil. The new species
shows a basidiome covered by a thin and whitish peridium
during the initial development; dark brown peridioles, single
layered cortex in a reticulated pattern; and hyaline, ellipsoid to
cylindrical spores, 7.5 –10.5 × 4 – 5.5 μm. Comparing it with the
species that occur in South America, M. denudata differs from
the new species in the presence of an ephemeral yellowish
white peridium (thin but almost persistent, and white in young
basidiomata of M. aquaphila), peridioles connected in a hyaline
gelatinous mass, provided with double layered cortex (single
layered in M. aquaphila), besides the 7.5 × 5 μm spores. The
species M. reticulata presents the same reticular pattern of
cortex as M. aquaphila, but differs in the yellowish brown to
pale brown peridiole, thick spore wall (without values defined
in the literature), and the main reticulum hyphae branch up to
20 μm in thickness (6 – 9.5 μm in M. aquaphila). A species of
the genus that grows in submerged substrates is M. minutis
sima, recorded on submerged leaves of Juncus effuses, but
M. minutissima is distinguished from other Mycocalia species by
having a double layered cortex and smaller spores (6 × 4 μm).
However, Brodie (1975) considered that it may represent an
aberrant uniperidiolar variation of some multiperidiolar species,
probably M. denudata. From the other species of Mycocalia,
M. aquaphila is distinguished by the following characteristics
(Brodie 1975): M. duriaeana presents dark blood-red to black
peridioles, 0.3 mm diam, and spores of 7 × 5.5 μm; M. sphagneti
shows a white peridium, initially woolly and later smooth, cortex
in labyrinthiform pattern, and pale yellowish brown spores, 13
× 5.5 μm, presenting small droplets of oil inside the spores.
The species with legitimated names in MycoBank, M. arundi
naceae (MycoBank MB334666) and M. fusispora (MycoBank
MB334669) were not compared because, according to Cejp
& Palmer (1963), they were synonymised under the name
M. denudata.
Mycocalia aquaphila is the first species of this genus proposed
since the 1960s. The ITS sequence obtained in this study has
93 % similarity to the only ITS Mycocalia sequence available
in GenBank (DQ911596 under M. denudata). Moreover, as
mentioned above, morphological characters are enough to
separate M. aquaphila from the already known species.
Colour illustrations. Brazil, environment near the locality where the type
species was collected on Marahú Beach, Mosqueiro Island; young basidiomata covered by a thin whitish peridium (scale bar = 1 mm); upper view of
isolated peridioles (scale bar = 1 mm); spores (scale bar = 10 µm); reticulated
cortex, showing the main branch (mb), secondary branches (sb), tertiary
branches (tb) and quaternary branches (qb) (scale bar = 20 µm) (all: UFRNFungos 2944, holotype).
Rhudson H.S.F. Cruz & Iuri G. Baseia, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte,
Natal, 59078-970, Brazil; e-mail: rhudsoncruz@yahoo.com.br & iuribaseia@gmail.com
María P. Martín, Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es
Luis F.P. Gusmão & Luana T. Carmo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Micologia, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana,
Feira de Santana, 44036-900, Brazil; e-mail: lgusmao@uefs.br & luanatcarmo@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
310
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Pleuromyces hungaricus
311
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 744 – 13 July 2018
Pleuromyces Dima, P.-A. Moreau & V. Papp, gen. nov.
Etymology. Pleuromyces is a compound name, reflecting the morphological similarity to Pleuroflammula and Phaeomyces.
Classification — Tubariaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata pleurotoid with short central to eccentric stipe;
pileus small size (> 1 cm), yellowish brown, fibrillose, not hygrophanus. Lamellae ventricose, yellowish to rusty brown. Spores
yellowish brown, ovate to ellipsoid, thick-walled, smooth. Ba
sidia 2- or 4-spored. Cheilocystidia slender or heteromorphous,
not encrusted, thin-walled, hyalin. Pileipellis a thin trichocutis
with coarsely incrusted slender hyphae, inflate at septa. Woodinhabiting, saprobic.
Type species. Pleuromyces hungaricus V. Papp, Dima & P.-A. Moreau.
MycoBank MB824585.
Pleuromyces hungaricus V. Papp, Dima & P.-A. Moreau, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects the country (Hungary) where the species was
collected.
Basidiocarp pleurotoid, pileus 5 – 8 mm diam, flabelliform, yellowish brown, densely covered with fibrillose squamules, turning ferruginous with age, dry, not hygrophanous. Lamellae
ventricose, yellowish when young, rusty brown on dry specimens, edge serrulate, slightly darker. Stipe short, up to 1.5 ×
3 mm, eccentric or lateral, concolorous with pileus or darker,
flocculose-fibrillose, dry, solitary. Context yellow brown, spore
deposit not noted. Basidiospores in side view (6.5 –)7(–7.5) ×
(4 –)4.5(– 5) μm, Q = 1.4–1.8, mean 7.19 × 4.5 μm, Q = 1.6
(n = 30), ovoid to ellipsoid, somewhat amygdaliform in side
view, smooth, thick-walled, yellowish brown, often with one or
two guttules, apex usually blunt and subpored. Basidia 23 – 26
× 5 – 6 μm (excluding sterigma), subclavate, 2- or 4-spored.
Cheilocystidia abundant, in clusters on lamella edge, variable in
shape (heteromorphous, from slender fusiform to ± lageniform),
not incrusted, thin-walled, hyaline, up to 85 μm long. Pleuro
cystidia not observed. Hymenophoral trama regular, made of
slender hyphae 2 – 4.5 μm wide, pale, mostly smooth. Pileipel
lis a thin adpressed trichocutis made of 1– 2 layers of hyphae
2.5 – 5.5 μm wide, coarsely incrusted, with cylindrical elements
35–60 μm long, mostly filled with oily droplets, terminal element
usually rounded to slightly inflated at apex, thick-walled and
smooth at apex. Pileitrama made of cylindrical hyphae 2–4 μm
wide, pale, smooth or incrustate-zebrate, sometimes thickened
and darker at septa. Clamp connections present at all septa.
Habitat — On large Fagus sylvatica log, in a lowland oldgrowth beech forest (Vértes Mts, Hungary). So far only known
from the type locality.
Typus. hUngary, Fejér County, near Csákberény (Vértes Mts), Juhdöglövölgy Forest Reserve, N47°22.662' E18°19.485', 28 Oct. 2013. V. Papp
(holotype LIP0001404, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH036002 and
MH036003, MycoBank MB824586).
Notes — Based on a BLAST search of NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide databases, the closest hits using the LSU sequence
are Romagnesiella clavus (as Pachylepyrium sp., GenBank
HQ832461; Identities = 1 333/1 361 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)),
Phaeomarasmius fulvidulus (GenBank KF830080; Identities
= 1 330/1 361 (98 %), 5 gaps (0 %)), Agrocybe pediades (GenBank DQ110872; Identities = 1 339/1 372 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %))
and Galerina sp. (GenBank HQ827183; Identities = 1 341/1 374
(98 %), 8 gaps (0 %)). The closest hit by BLAST using the ITS
sequence had highest similarity to an ‘uncultured fungus’ which
was sequenced from soil in Illinois, USA (GenBank KX195359);
the ITS2 of this environmental sample is very similar to Pleuro
myces hungaricus (Identities = 323/327 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
The second closest hit using the ITS sequence is Tubaria sp.
(GenBank KY462443; Identities = 475 /556 (85 %), 29 gaps
(5 %)), with low query cover (85 %). Based on a discontinuous
megablast search the closest hits by best query cover (100 %)
are Flammulaster cf. carpophilus (as Phaeomyces dubiosus,
unconfirmed, P.-A. Moreau unpubl. data; GenBank KF830099;
Identities = 543/644 (84 %), 42 gaps (6 %)) and Crassispo
rium carbonicola (as Pachylepyrium carbonicola; GenBank
LN714579; Identities = 541/645 (84 %), 39 gaps (6 %)). Pleu
romyces hungaricus forms a distinct clade in our phylograms,
well separated from other genera of Tubariaceae. Microscopical observations (spores smooth, thick-walled and subpored;
pileipellis with coarsely incrusted hyphae) suggest closest
affinities with species of Phaeomarasmius and Flammulaster
pp. (F. muricatus/F. limulatus), but the weak differentiation of the
pileipellis is a distinctive feature for species of these genera. The
holotype of Phaeomyces dubiosus was not available for revision
but its description shows strong affinities with P. hungaricus;
however, distant lamellae and the pileipellis with branching and
erected terminal hyphae suggest that it represents a distinct
species of still unclear systematic position.
Colour illustrations. Juhdöglő-völgy Forest Reserve (Vértes Mts, Hungary), substrate of the type material; basidiocarp; cheilocystidia and spores
(all from holotype). Scale bars = 5 mm (basidiocarp), 10 μm (elements of
hymenium).
Bálint Dima, Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Plant Anatomy, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Biosciences (Plant Biology),
Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com, dima.balint@helsinki.fi
Pierre-Arthur Moreau, Universite de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS, Lille, France; e-mail: pierre-arthur.moreau@univ-lille2.fr
Viktor Papp, Szent István University, Department of Botany, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: papp.viktor@kertk.szie.hu, agaricum@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
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Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Preussia citrullina
Fungal Planet description sheets
313
Fungal Planet 745 – 13 July 2018
Preussia citrullina R.M.F. Silva, R.J.V. Oliveira, Souza-Motta, J.L. Bezerra & G.A. Silva,
sp. nov.
Etymology. The name refers to the host plant, Citrullus lanatus.
Classification — Sporormiaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideo
mycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial on juice agar medium (V8), first immersed then erumpent, brown, glabrous, solitary or aggregated,
globose to subglobose, ostiolate, 75 –150 × 50 –125 μm; walls
of 2 – 3 layers of medium brown cells of textura angularis.
Conidiogenous cells phialidic, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to
doliiform, 6.5 – 9.5 × 5 μm. Conidia ellipsoid to oblong, hyaline,
aseptate, sometimes guttulate, 2 – 3 × 2 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies after 7 d at 23 °C on
V8, 20 mm diam, irregular margin, cottony, surface greyish,
reverse olivaceous buff. Colonies on MEA, 20 mm diam, sterile,
irregular margin, sulphur yellow surface, reverse straw coloured.
Colonies on OA, 20 mm diam, sterile, regular margin, floccose,
surface sulphur yellow, reverse straw coloured. Colonies on
PDA, 18 mm diam, sterile, surface sulphur yellow, reverse straw
coloured.
Pleospora herbarum AF229479/ATCC 11681
Westerdykella dispersa GQ203797/CBS 297.56
Westerdykella ornata AY943045/CBS 379.55
Preussia sp. KX710260/CF-277801
0.75
53
Preussia polymorpha GQ292749/CBS 117679
1.00
99
Sporormiella megalospora GQ203785/UPS:Kruys 305
0.70
Preussia citrullina MH208971/URM 7865
1.00
Preussia sp. KX710262/CF-277787
76
Preussia terricola GQ203764/CBS 527.84
0.88
1.00
60
99 Preussia terricola GQ203765/CBS 317.65
Preussia sp. KX710256/CF-285772/CF-279773
1.00
100 Preussia grandispora KX710255/CF-285772
0.71
Preussia grandispora KX710254/CF-285370
0.92
99
Sporormiella irregularis GQ203780
0.98
Sporormiella vexans GQ203793
1.00
Sporormiella leporina GQ203781
89
0.99
Sporormiella leporina GQ203782
85
Preussia aemulans KX710218/CBS 318.81
Preussia aemulans DQ468017/CBS 287.67
1.00 Preussia typharum JX143871/718249
98
0.55
Preussia typharum GQ203766/CBS 107.69
Preussia fleischhakii GQ203761/CBS 565.63
1.00
Preussia fleischhakii DQ468018/CBS 361.49
98
Preussia minimoides AY510422/S18
1.00
88
Preussia minimoides AY510423/S10
0.98
1.00 Preussia australis AY510412/S6
100 Preussia australis AY510411/S5
1.00
99
Preussia intermedia GQ203779/UPS:Kruys 304
0.77
Preussia intermedia KX710226/CF-279774
- 0.70
1.00 Preussia africana JQ031265/DN136
100 Preussia africana AY510417/S14
0.69
Preussia similis KX710228/CF-285357
Preussia similis AY510419/S19
0.99
95
Preussia lignicola GQ203783/CBS 363.69
1.00
Preussia lignicola KX710233/CF-282345
99
Preussia pseudominima AY510424/S25
1.00
98 1.00 Preussia sp. DQ468022/S23
100 Preussia sp. DQ468021/S22
Forliomyces uniseptata KU721772/MFLUCC 15-0765
1.00
100
Preussia sp. JN418774/ELV3.11
0.96
Preussia sp. JN418773/ELV3.2
96
Typus. Brazil, Petrolândia municipality, Pernambuco state, isolated as
endophyte from leaves of Citrullus lanatus (Cucurbitaceae), 25 July 2016,
R.M.F. Silva (holotype URM 91190, culture ex-type URM 7865, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MH208971 and MH208972, MycoBank MB825032).
Notes — The genus Preussia was established by Fuckel
(1867). Members of this genus are predominantly coprophilous,
although a few species have been isolated from soil, wood, plant
debris and as endophytes (Mapperson et al. 2014, GonzalezMenendez et al. 2017). Based on morphological analysis and
phylogenetic relationships using ITS rDNA sequences, the new
species, P. citrullina, differs from other species of Preussia
based on its phoma-like asexual morph. The asexual morphs
of Sporormiaceae genera, when found, are phoma-like in morphology (Von Arx & Storm 1967, Cannon & Kirk 2007). Based
on ITS, Preussia citrullina is 93 % similar to Sporormiella mega
lospora (GenBank GQ203785) and P. terricola (CBS 317.65,
GenBank GQ203765), amongst others. The LSU sequence is
98 % similar to P. terricola (CBS 317.65, GenBank GQ203725)
and 97 % to Sporormiella megalospora (GenBank GQ203743).
In the present phylogenetic analyses, P. citrullina is closest to
P. terricola and Sporormiella megalospora.
1.00
77
0.1
Bayesian inference tree using ITS rDNA sequences of Preussia
and related genera. The new species is in bold face. Support
values of at least 50 % are shown at the nodes. Pleospora
herbarum (ATCC 11681, GenBank AF229479) was used as
outgroup. Bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood (ML)
analyses were performed in MrBayes (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck
2003) and PhyML (Guindon & Gascuel 2003), respectively,
launched from Topali (Milne et al. 2004).
Colour illustrations. Watermelons for sale, Pernambuco, Brazil; pycnidial
conidiomata; conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 μm.
Rejane M.F. da Silva, Rafael J.V. de Oliveira, Cristina M. Souza-Motta, José L. Bezerra & Gladstone A. da Silva,
Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: re.biologicas@gmail.com, rafaelvilela87@gmail.com, souzamotta@yahoo.com.br, jlulabezerra@hotmail.com & gladstonesilva@yahoo.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
314
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Queiroziella brasiliensis
315
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 746 – 13 July 2018
Queiroziella C.R. Félix, J.D.P. Bezerra, R.P. Neves & Landell, gen. nov.
Etymology. Named for Luzinete Acioli de Queiroz, in acknowledgement
for her contributions to the study of yeasts in the former Institute of Mycology
of the University of Recife, Brazil.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Cystobasidiomycetes, Puc
ciniomycotina, Basidiomycota.
are pink to salmon, smooth, butyrous to mucoid and glistening.
Budding cells present. Fermentation not observed.
Type species. Queiroziella brasiliensis C.R. Félix, P. Valente & Landell.
MycoBank MB822321.
Pseudohyphae and true hyphae not formed. Sexual reproduc
tion not observed. Ballistoconidial production absent. Colonies
Queiroziella brasiliensis C.R. Félix, P. Valente & Landell, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the country, Brazil, where this yeast was
isolated.
On YEPD agar after 3 d at 22 – 25 °C, cells are globose to oval
(4 – 6 × 3 – 4 μm) , and the colonies are pink to salmon, smooth,
butyrous to mucoid and glistening. Vegetative reproduction
is by single budding. After 3 wk in Dalmau plate culture on
cornmeal agar, pseudohyphae or true hyphae are not formed.
Sexual reproduction is not observed. Ballistoconidia production is absent. Fermentation ability is negative. The following
carbon compounds are assimilated: N-Acetylglucosamine,
D-arabinose, erythritol, galactose, D-mannitol, raffinose, soluble starch, sorbitol, inulin (slow), D-glucose (slow), DL-lactate
(slow), melezitose (slow), melibiose (slow), D-ribose (slow),
D-trehalose (slow), tween 80 (slow), xylitol (slow), cellobiose
(variable), glycerol (variable), lactose (variable), D-maltose
(variable), sodium gluconate (variable), sucrose (variable) and
tween 20 (variable). No assimilation of L-arabinose, galacturonate, myo-inositol, L-arabinitol, L-rhamnose, xylose, succinate,
galactitol, citrate and salicin. Assimilation of nitrogen compound
L-lysine is variable and no assimilation of potassium nitrate,
sodium nitrite, ethylamine and cadaverine. Growth at 22, 25
and 30 °C and no growth was observed at 35 °C. Growth is not
observed on YPD with 50 % glucose. No growth in the presence
of 10 % sodium chloride. After 21 d, growth is observed in the
presence of 0.01 % and 0.1 % cycloheximide. Urease activity
and diazonium blue B reaction are positive.
Notes — The new genus Queiroziella is proposed based
on a phylogenetic analysis and physiological and biochemical features. Phylogenetic inferences of LSU (D1/D2 domain)
and ITS rDNA and rpb2 sequences of Queiroziella placed the
new genus in a single clade with high support values related
to Sakaguchia, Cystobasidium and Occultifur. According to the
BLASTn searches (9 Apr. 2018) the LSU rDNA sequences have
low identity (93 %) to sequences deposited as Cystobasidium
spp. (e.g., GenBank FJ515245), Buckleyzyma armeniaca
(GenBank AF189920), Symmetrospora spp. (e.g., GenBank
AF189984) and Occultifur sp. (GenBank KC698874), amongst
others. The ITS rDNA sequences have low identity (90 – 91 %)
to some sequences deposited as Occultifur sp. (e.g., GenBank
KC698874) and Cystobasidium spp. (e.g., C. minutum, CBS
2177, GenBank AF190010). The rpb2 sequences have low
identity (77–78 %) to sequences deposited as Cystobasidium
spp. (e.g., GenBank KJ708214), Sakaguchia spp. (e.g., GenBank KJ708346.1), Microsporomyces bloemfonteinensis (e.g.,
GenBank KJ708215), amongst others. Queiroziella brasiliensis
differs physiologically and biochemically from Sakaguchia
species by inulin assimilation, from Cystobasidium species by
assimilation of melibiose and from Occultifur species by assimilation of soluble starch and raffinose (Libkind et al. 2010,
Fell et al. 2011, Kurtzman et al. 2011, Laich et al. 2013, Wang
et al. 2015, Yurkov et al. 2015).
Legend and tree are in MycoBank.
Typus. Brazil, União dos Palmares municipality, Alagoas state, Serra
da Barriga, S09°10'11" W36°05'19", as epiphytic yeast on leaves of Portea
leptantha (Bromeliaceae), 31 July 2013, C.R. Félix & M.F. Landell (holotype
as metabolically inactive culture, CBS 14582 = UFMG-CM-Y6102 = BSB
15, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences GenBank KY305143, KX348021 and
MH187958, MycoBank MB824924).
Additional material examined. Brazil, Viamão municipality, Rio Grande
do Sul state, Parque de Itapuã, S30°21'19" W51°01'57", as epiphytic yeast
on leaves of Tillandsia geminiflora (Bromeliaceae), 5 Apr. 2004, P. Valente
& M.F. Landell, cultures CBS 11152 = MYA-4544 = BI 02, ITS, LSU and rpb2
sequences GenBank MH244424, EU200783 and MH187959; on Vriesea gi
gantea (Bromeliaceae), 25 May 2007, P. Valente & M.F. Landell, cultures CBS
11151 = MYA-4543 = BI 327, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH244425
and GU566018.
Colour illustrations. Bromeliad Tillandsia sp. in the Serra da Barriga, União
dos Palmares, Alagoas, Brazil (photo credit H.M.N. Casanova); microscopy
showing the yeast microstructures and colonial macromorphology. Scale
bar = 10 μm.
Ciro R. Félix & Melissa F. Landell, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde – ICBS, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil;
e-mail: ciroramon@outlook.com & melissa.landell@gmail.com
Patricia Valente, Departamente de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde –
ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; e-mail: patricia.valente@ufrgs.br
Jadson D.P. Bezerra & Rejane P. Neves, Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: jadsondpb@gmail.com & rejanepneves@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
316
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Quixadomyces cearensis
317
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 747 – 13 July 2018
Quixadomyces Cantillo & Gusmão, gen. nov.
Etymology. Named refers to Quixadá, the locality where the fungus was
collected.
Classification — Parapyrenochaetaceae, Pleosporales, Do
thideomycetes.
On natural substrate: Mycelium superficial or somewhat immersed in the substrate, composed of warty, sinuous, criss-crossed
or stringing, verrucose or verruculose, brown, septate hyphae.
Stroma composed of tightly clustered and fused hyphae.
Conidiophores absent. Conidiogenous cells absent. Propagules
rising up directly from interwoven hyphal strands, often globose
to subglobose, ovoid to pyriform during development, but
may become, ellipsoid-fusoid to obclavate, wall consisting on
anastomosed brown to dark olivaceous brown hyphae, textura
epidermoidea similis, with some peripheral hyphae around
propagule body, smooth or warty, approached at the tip.
Type species. Quixadomyces cearensis Cantillo & Gusmão.
MycoBank MB824358.
Quixadomyces cearensis Cantillo & Gusmão, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the state (Ceará), where this taxon was collected.
On natural substrate: Mycelium superficial or somewhat immersed in substrate, warty, sinuous, criss-crossed or stringing,
verrucose or verruculose, brown to dark brown, septate, hyphae 3 – 5 μm diam. Conidiophores absent. Conidiogenous
cells absent. Propagules rising up directly from interwoven
hyphal strands, globose at first, ellipsoid to ovoid when mature,
82.5 –150 × 45 – 85 μm, wall consisting of anastomosed brown
to dark olivaceous brown hyphae, textura epidermoidea similis,
with thick-walled peripheral hyphae around the propagule body,
12–18 × 3–5 μm width, smooth or warty, approached at the tip.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA fast-growing,
attaining 60 mm in 7 d, immersed mycelium dark olivaceous
to black, somatic hyphae verrucose or verruculose, 3 – 5 μm
diam, aerial mycelium coarse due to the abundant sporulation
occurring from the third day. In culture, propagules are bigger
(85 – 300 μm long) and frequently fused.
Typus. Brazil, Ceará, Quixadá, near of ‘Açude do Cedro’, S04°58' W39°,
on decaying bark, 28 Apr. 2016, T. Cantillo (holotype HUEFS 238438, isotype
HUEFS 238439, ex-type culture LAMIC103-16, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MG970694 and MG970695, MycoBank MB824398).
Notes — This fungus somewhat resembles setose pycnidia
common in some species of Pleosporales, but no internal structures were observed in any stage of development. In appearance, this fungus also resembles Akenomyces (Hornby 1984).
Akenomyces is characterised by black elliptical-lenticular sclerotia, with pale warty marginal hyphae, brown, consisting of a
complex three-layer hyphal structure and, inside the cortex, a
tightly interwoven mass of hyaline, thin-walled, much branched
hyphae (Voglmayr & Krisai-Greilhuber 1997) a feature that is not
present in Quixadomyces. Furthermore, the presence of clamp
connexions is evidence that Akenomyces belongs to the phylum
Basidiomycota and clearly separates it from Quixadomyces,
which belongs to Ascomycota. Another morphologically similar
genus with ovoid to obclavate propagules, Megacapitula also
has mycelium often being verruculose, forming mycelial cords
from which conidia arise; but in this case, integrated or terminal
conidiogenous cells are present and the conidia form a beak-like
structure at apex from which dense hairy appendages arise, and
also its outer wall breaks and starts peeling off after mounting.
ITS. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence are
Parapyrenochaeta acacia (GenBank NR_155674 from type
material, Identities = 546/592 (92 %), 20 gaps = 20/542 (3 %)),
Pyrenochaetopsis microspora (GenBank HM751085; Identities
= 533/574 (93 %), 18 gaps (3 %)) and Camarosporium aloes
(GenBank NR_137821 from type material; Identities = 566/635
(89 %), 32 gaps (5 %)).
LSU. Using the LSU sequence, the closest hits on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database are Pyre
nochaeta protearum (GenBank JQ044453; Identities = 625/629
(99 %), no gaps) and Leptosphaeria maculans (GenBank
FO905981; Identities = 621/629 (99 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Pedra da Galinha Choca, Quixadá, CE; propagules
on natural substrate and on pure culture with different stages of development.
Scale bar = 50 µm.
Taimy Cantillo & Luis F.P. Gusmão, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina,
S/N – Novo Horizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil; e-mail: taycantillo@gmail.com & lgusmao@uefs.br
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
318
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Russula mansehraensis
319
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 748 – 13 July 2018
Russula mansehraensis Saba, Caboň & Adamčík, sp. nov.
Etymology. The name refers to Mansehra, the province where the species
was collected for the first time.
Classification — Russulaceae, Russulales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata small to medium sized, 40 – 45 mm tall. Pileus
27‒ 34 mm diam, convex, centrally slightly depressed, surface
dry, smooth, matt, vivid red or strong red with centre reddish
orange (10R6/12 colour chart of Munsell 1975) and rusty
spotted with spots sometimes concentrically arranged; margin
even, or slightly involute, without striations. Lamellae regular,
adnate, crowded, light yellow, pale yellow or light orange yellow, brittle, edge entire, concolorous. Stipe 35 – 40 × 8 –10
mm, central, cylindrical to subcylindrical, stuffed, slightly
longitudinally wrinkled, white, towards base with light yellowbrownish or moderate yellow-brownish spots, without pinkish
shades. Context compact, not firm, odour indistinct and taste
strongly acrid. Spores (7.5 –)8 – 8.5(– 9.5) × (5.5 –)6.5 –7(–7.5)
μm, av. 8.3 × 6.7 μm, Q = (1.13 –)1.17–1.29(–1.4), av. 1.23,
ornamentation consisting of (4 –)5 – 8(–10) moderately large
and distant amyloid warts in the circle 3 μm diam on spore
surface, warts 0.5–1 μm high, connected with occasional to
frequent short or longer fine line connections ((0 –)1– 3(– 5)
line connections in the circle), occasionally fused in short or
longer chains ((0 –)2 – 5(–7) fusions in the circle), chains and
crests often branched, but rarely forming a reticulate structure,
isolated warts rare. Suprahilar plage amyloid, large. Basidia
(29 –)31.5– 38.8(– 47) × (10 –)11.5–13.5(–15) μm, av. 35.1 ×
12.5 μm, 4-spored, clavate, sometimes pedicellate. Hymenial
cystidia on lamellar sides widely dispersed to dispersed, 300 –
400 per mm2, fusiform or rarely clavate, pedicellate, thin-walled,
measuring (49 –)54 –74(– 84) × (10 –)11.5 –16(– 20) μm, av. 64
× 13.7 μm, apically acute to acute-pointed and with 2–7(–9) μm
long appendage, contents heteromorphous, granular-banded,
yellowish, turning brownish red to almost black in sulfovanillin.
Lamellar edges covered with abundant marginal cells, occasional cheilocystidia and dispersed basidia; marginal cells not
well differentiated, similar to the basidiola on lamellar sides,
but smaller, measuring (9 –)12 –17.5(–19) × (4 –) 4.5 –7(–7.5)
µm, av. 15 × 5.8 μm; cheilocystidia narrower than pleurocystidia, clavate or fusiform, pedicellate, thin-walled, measuring
(42–)50.5–66(–73) × (8–)9.5–14(–16) µm, av. 58.3 × 11.9 μm,
apically with mainly acute tips and usually with 1– 6 μm long
appendages, contents similar as in pleurocystidia. Pileipellis
orthochromatic in Cresyl blue, 115 –135 μm deep, sharply delimited from the underlying spherocytes of the context; distinctly
divided in a 60 –75 μm deep, strongly gelatinised suprapellis of
loose, erect or ascending hyphal terminations and, near surface,
with some repent, longer pileocystidia; and a 55 – 65 μm deep
subpellis of less gelatinised, dense, irregularly, but near the
trama horizontally oriented, intricate, branched, 2 – 5 μm wide
hyphae. Acidoresistant incrustations absent. Hyphal terminations in pileipellis near the pileus margin slender and branched,
thin-walled, with terminal cells measuring (11–)18 – 33(– 48) ×
Colour illustrations. Russula mansehraensis (HUP-SUR180) growing in
mono-dominant forest of Pinus roxburghii; basidiomata; spores; pileipellis
near the pileus margin; hymenial elements. Scale bars = 10 mm (basidiomes),
10 μm (microscopic structures).
2.5 – 3.5(– 4) µm, av. 25.6 × 3.1 μm, mainly narrowly subulate
or fusiform, partly subcylindrical, usually apically attenuated
or constricted, often moniliform; near the pileus centre with
mainly cylindrical, often flexuous terminal cells, measuring
(12 –)16 – 26(– 32) × (2 –) 2.5 – 3.5 (– 4.5) μm, av. 21.1 × 3 μm,
apically obtuse; subterminal cells mainly branched or not, often
with lateral branches or nodules, equally wide as terminal cells.
Pileocystidia near the pileus margin numerous, narrowly clavate
or fusiform, mainly 2- or more-celled (1– 4(– 6)-celled), thinwalled, with terminal cells measuring (18 –)32.5 – 85.5(–150)
× (3 –)4.5 –7(– 8) μm, av. 59 × 5.8 μm, apically obtuse, subterminal cells equally wide or narrower, often shorter, contents in
Congo red heteromorphous, granulose or crystalline, turning
dark reddish brown to black in sulfovanillin; near the pileus
centre smaller and narrower, with terminal cells measuring
(25 –)31.5– 89.5(–160) × (3.5 –)4.5– 6.5(– 8.5) μm, av. 60.5 ×
5.6 μm more frequently 1-celled, with more granular and yellowcoloured contents. Cystidioid hyphae in subpellis and pileus
trama dispersed, with heteromorphous-granulose, yellowish,
often oleiferous contents.
Typus. pakiStan, four collections from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Shangla
district, Puran, on soil under Pinus roxburghii (Pinaceae), alt. 1500 m,
5 Sept. 2013, S. Ullah (holotype HUP-SUR180, ITS, LSU, mtSSU and rpb2
sequences GenBank MG948636, MG944280, MG944266 and MG944255,
MycoBank MB816290).
For additional material examined, see MycoBank.
Notes — The type specimen of R. mansehraensis was morphologically described as ‘Russula sp.’ and its phylogenetic
position as member of R. maculata lineage was resolved in
our previous study (Adamčík et al. 2016). In this study we
supported both morphology and phylogeny by more collections from Pakistan, more observations and more sequences
including additional loci (for phylogenetic tree, see MycoBank).
We confirmed the placement of R. mansehraensis in Russula
subsect. Maculatinae, where it clustered in the strongly supported clade together with European species R. maculata and
R. nympharum. Our phylogeny showed strong support for recognising of R. mansehraensis as a new species. The other ITS
sequences retrieved from GenBank (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.
gov/genbank) and UNITE (http://unite.ut.ee) databases originate from Papua New Guinea and Southern and Northern China
and apparently represent different species associated probably
with other host trees (e.g., Castanopsis and Keteleeria).
The R. maculata lineage is morphologically defined by a red
pileus cuticle discolouring to yellow or white, yellow spore print,
acrid taste of the flesh and yellow brownish spots on surface
of the pileus and the stipe. Our field observations on R. man
sehraensis agree well with this morphological delimitation of
the group. Contrary to above-mentioned European species,
the Pakistani species does not show any distinct pink shades
on the stipe surface and basidiomata are distinctly smaller and
thin-fleshed. All studied collections of R. mansehraensis were
collected in mono-dominant Pinus roxburghii forests, contrary
to both European species known only as associates of deciduous trees. Our study confirms that relatively small spores (up
to 8.5 × 7 μm) and mainly 2- and more-celled pileocystidia are
micromorphological characters that define R. mansehraensis.
Slavomír Adamčík & Miroslav Caboň, Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences,
Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523, Bratislava, Slovakia; e-mail: slavomir.adamcik@savba.sk & miroslav.cabon@gmail.com
Malka Saba, Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat campus, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; e-mail: rustflora@gmail.com
Sadiq Ullah, Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan; e-mail:sadiqbotany@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
320
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Saproamanita quitensis
321
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 749 – 13 July 2018
Saproamanita quitensis E. Caicedo, A. Barili, C.W. Barnes & Ordoñez, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named reflects the locality where the species was collected.
Classification — Amanitaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata small to medium size, pileus 90 mm diam, broadly
convex, whitish, warts on the surface, margin whole, slightly
revolute, rimose, thick texture, fleshy. Warts thick, dense, hard,
scale-shaped, persistent, bigger and thicker towards the centre,
pointy. Towards the margin warts thinner and truncated, from
whitish to cream until dark brown on the tips, tending to get darker.
Lamellae free, tall, ventricose, crowded, white with cream tones,
slightly wavy margin and very finely serrate. Stipe 60 × 30 mm,
short, thick, cylindrical with a slight wider base, white, smooth.
Annulus remnant adhered, cream colour, disappears during
drying process. Volva dissociated with reddish brown pearls.
Odour not distinctive when fresh, strong fungal odour when dry.
Pileipellis pseudocutis. Lamellar trama bilateral, divergent, with
mostly clavate hyphae 9 –14 μm wide, septate, thin cell wall,
occasionally little differentiated filamentous hyphae. Caulocutis
with acrophysalids, clavate hyphae with longitudinal clamp
connections. Veil trama predominance of filamentous hyphae,
ellipsoid and pyriform hyphae less abundant. Basidia 34–52.5 ×
8 –13.5 μm, four sterigmata, sometimes two, 3 μm long. Clamp
connections occasionally present at the base. Basidiospores
6 –12 × 6.5– 9.5 μm, globose or rarely subglobose, apiculate,
hyaline, thin cell wall or slightly thickened, amyloid, acyanophilic, non-metachromatic, Q = 1.04.
Habitat — Solitary, on the ground near Polylepis racemosa
in an urban park.
Typus. eCUador, Pichincha province, Itchimbia Metropolitan Park, alt.
2882 m, Jan. 2017, E. Caicedo (holotype QCAM7047, ITS-LSU sequence
GenBank MG889398, MycoBank MB824231, TreeBASE Submission ID
22306).
Colour illustrations. Ecuador, Itchimbía Metropolitan Park; close-up of
basidiocarp; basidiocarp next to Polylepis racemosa; lamellar trama. Scale
bar = 100 μm.
Notes — Phylogenetically, Saproamanita quitensis is distinct
from other Amanita spp. available in the NCBI GenBank nucleotide database. The closest species based on a megablast
search of the full ITS sequence is Amanita inopinata, currently Saproamanita inopinata, from the Netherlands (GenBank
KM026507) and from New Zealand (GenBank HQ533044) both
with 100 % coverage and a 97 % Identity score from 18 base
differences and 9 gaps. Only one other species, A. pruittii, currently Saproamanita pruittii (Redhead et al. 2016), had 100 %
coverage for the full ITS sequence in the megablast search, with
a 96 % Identity score from 24 base differences and 10 gaps.
Following the above-mentioned species, the highest megablast
search was to an Amanita sp. (GenBank KY081706) from Brazil
with 99 % coverage and an 88 % Identity score from 75 base
differences and 22 gaps. The percent coverage of the full ITS
in the megablast search dropped significantly thereafter.
According to the description of Tulloss (2009), S. quitensis belongs to the subgenus Lepidella, sect. Lepidella, subsect. Vitta
dinae, and according to Tulloss (2003) it belongs to the stirps
Nauseosa due to the presence of clamp connections at the base
of the basidia, the spore morphology and the characteristics of
the remnants of the universal veil on the stipe. Morphologically,
the closest species based on the description of Tulloss (2003)
is A. nauseosa but it differs notably by the larger pileus size,
presence of umbo, and strong odour when fresh and dry. Other
close species are S. pruittii, but it differs by the odour, and shape
and size of basidiospores (Tulloss et al. 2014); A. prairiicola
differs by the presence of a persistent ring, and size and shape
of the basidiospores, additionally the latter species belongs to
the Vittadinii stirps (Tulloss 1998).
The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Maximum
Likelihood plugin PHYML in Geneious R9 (http://www.geneious.
com; Kearse et al. 2012), and the substitution model determined
by jModelTest (Posada 2008) according to Corrected Akaike
Information Criterion (AICc). The genus Amanita is used based
on current nomenclature in NCBI nucleotide database. Amanita
sp. (GenBank KY081706) is the outgroup. Bootstrap support
values ≥ 50 % are given above branches. The phylogenetic
position of S. quitensis is indicated in bold. The species name
is followed by the accession number, and the three letter United
Nations country code, in order of appearance BRA: Brazil,
USA: United States, ECU: Ecuador, NLD: Netherlands, NZL:
New Zealand.
Maria E. Ordoñez, Erika Caicedo & Alessio Barili, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador,
Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador; e-mail: meordonez@puce.edu.ec, eri_pmz@hotmail.com & alessiobarili@hotmail.com.
Charles W. Barnes, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, Panamericana Sur Km 1,
Sector Cutuglahua, Pichincha, Ecuador; e-mail: cbarnes333b@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
322
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Talaromyces tabacinus
323
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 750 – 13 July 2018
Talaromyces tabacinus Jurjević, S.W. Peterson & G. Perrone, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for tobacco, the host from which it was isolated.
Classification — Trichocomaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomy
cetes.
On MEA: Conidiophores with solitary phialides, 15 – 45(– 65)
× 3 – 4(– 5.5) μm diam, or monoverticillate, occasionally biverticillate, rarely with subterminal branches; stipes smooth,
(3 –)10 – 40(–70) × 2.5 – 4 μm diam; metulae 2 – 3, 12 – 21 ×
3 – 4 μm diam; phialides 2 – 5, acerose, (9 –)14 – 20(– 26) ×
3 – 3.5(– 5) μm diam, with gradually tapering collula, occasionally minutely roughened; conidia ellipsoidal to fusiform,
rarely small and nearly subglobose, smooth, (4.5 –)6 –10(–19)
× (2.5–)3–3.5(–4.5) μm diam. Borne in long disordered chains.
No sexual morph observed.
Culture characteristics — Cultured in darkness at 25 °C for
7 d unless otherwise noted. Colonies on malt extract agar
(MEA) 27– 40 mm diam, floccose to funiculose, low, plane,
occasional shallow radial sulci, mycelium white, subsurface
hyphae extending c. 4–12 mm from margin, sporulation moderate to very good, conidia en masse pale green-blue grey to
deep green-blue, grey-blue (R48; Ridgway 1912), no exudate
or soluble pigments, reverse cream-buff to deep colonial buff
to primrose yellow (R30). Colonies on Czapek yeast autolysate
agar (CYA) 14 – 24 mm diam, floccose to funiculose, rising
c. 3– 4 mm, mycelium white to yellow ochre (R15), subsurface
hyphae extending c. 2 – 3 mm from margin, sporulation moderate, conidia en masse pale Medici blue to deep green-blue
grey (R48), no exudate or soluble pigments, reverse cream-buff
to chamois to light yellowish olive (R30). Colonies on potato
dextrose agar 28 – 39 mm diam, floccose to funiculose, plane,
light to deep radial sulci, mycelium white to deep colonial buff
(R30), subsurface hyphae extending c. 3 –12 mm from margin,
sporulation moderate to heavy, conidia en masse pale greenblue, grey to deep green-blue, grey-blue (R48), to Artemisia
green (R47), no exudate or soluble pigments, reverse colonial
buff to olive-ochre to light olive yellow to dark greenish olive
(R30). No growth on Czapek yeast agar with 20 % sucrose.
Dichloran 18 % glycerol agar, 2 – 4 mm diam, no sporulation,
mycelium white, largely submerged, reverse uncoloured to pale
buff. No growth on CYA with 5 % NaCl. Colonies on oatmeal
agar 38 – 43 mm diam, floccose to funiculose, low, plane, mycelium white, occasionally with Naples yellow shades (R16),
heavy sporulation, conidia en masse pale green-blue, grey to
deep green-blue, grey (R48), exudate when present clear, small
droplets, soluble pigments absent. Colonies on creatine sucrose
agar up to 4 mm diam, very poor growth. On CYA/MEA (colony
diam in mm) at 30 °C 20 – 30 /43 – 67; 35 °C 22 – 36/40 – 67;
37 °C 23–30/30–67; 41 °C 13–30/18–48; no growth at 45 °C.
Typus. USA, North Carolina, Durham, leaves of Nicotiana tabacum
(Solanaceae) from a greenhouse, 17 Sept. 2013, Ž. Jurjević (holotype BPI
910533, cultures ex-type NRRL 66727 = EMSL 2174; barcode: ITS, benA,
CaM and rpb2 sequences GenBank MG182613, MG182627, MG182606
and MG182620, MycoBank MB823318).
Additional material examined. USA, North Carolina, Durham, tobacco
leaves from a greenhouse, Ž. Jurjevic, 17 Sept. 2013, NRRL 66728 = EMSL
2175, NRRL 66729 = EMSL 2176; 19 July 2016, NRRL 66677; 9 Aug. 2016,
NRRL 66678, NRRL 66679. Sequences deposited as GenBank MG182602–
MG182629.
Notes — BLAST searches of the sequences of T. tabacinus
showed ß-tubulin similarity to T. aerugineus, T. bohemicus and
T. diversiformis; calmodulin similarities were to T. bohemicus and
T. diversiformis. The ITS barcode was 98–99 % similar to Talaro
myces ryukyuensis, T. aerugineus, T. bohemicus and T. diversi
formis.
Talaromyces tabacinus is distinguished by the production of
(4.5 –)6 –10(–19) × (2.5 –)3 – 3.5(– 4.5) μm diam ellipsoidal or
fusiform conidia, and growth on CYA at 37 °C of 23 – 30 mm
diam. The closely related T. diversiformis produces 4 – 6(– 8)
× 2 – 4 μm diam ellipsoidal or fusiform conidia, and growth at
37 °C is 17–19 mm diam. Talaromyces bohemicus has 7– 9
× 2.5 – 3 μm fusiform conidia with encrusted cell walls, while
T. aerugineus has 3 – 8.5 × 2.5 – 5 μm smooth conidia, in various shapes, subglobose to ellipsoidal to fusiform. Talaromyces
tabacinus causes no disease symptoms on tobacco.
NRRL 66679 T. tabacinus
NRRL 66680 T. tabacinus
100
NRRL 66677 T. tabacinus
NRRL 66729 T. tabacinus
100
NRRL 66727T T. tabacinus
NRRL 66728 T. tabacinus
NRRL 66678 T. tabacinus
70
CBS 141931 T. diversiformis
T
CBS 545.86T T. bohemicus
CBS 350.66T T. aerugineus
CBS 267.72T T. cinnabarinus
0.020
Colour illustrations. Tobacco plant; 7-d-old cultures of Talaromyces
tabacinus on MEA (top: 25 °C, middle: 37 °C, bottom: 41 °C), conidia and
conidiophores on MEA. Scale bars = 10 μm.
Maximum likelihood tree of T. tabacinus and closely related
species based on a concatenated benA, CaM and rpb2 DNA
sequence alignment was calculated using MEGA (Kumar et al.
2016). Support values at branches were obtained from 1 000
bootstrap replicates. Bootstrap values greater than 70 % are
shown; ex-type strains are indicated by T.
Željko Jurjević, EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077, USA; e-mail: zjurjevic@emsl.com
Stephen W. Peterson, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service,
U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA;
e-mail: stephen.peterson@ars.usda.gov
Giancarlo Perrone, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; e-mail: giancarlo.perrone@ispa.cnr.it
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
324
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Terfezia morenoi
325
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 751 – 13 July 2018
Terfezia morenoi Bordallo, Ant. Rodr. & Morte, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after Prof. Gabriel Moreno, from Universidad de Alcalá
de Henares (Madrid, Spain), for his long and illustrious career in Spanish
Mycology and his outstanding contribution to the knowledge of hypogeous
fungi.
Classification — Pezizaceae, Pezizales, Pezizomycetes.
Ascomata hypogeous to partially emergent at maturity, 2–5 cm
in size, subglobose, short base, cream colour at first, becoming
brown, black spots on the sun-exposed parts or when manipulated, smooth. Peridium 300 – 500 μm thick, whitish in cross
section, pseudoparenchymatous, composed of subglobose
cells, 20 – 50 μm diam, thin-walled, hyaline, yellowish and
angular to oblong in the outermost layers. Gleba solid, fleshy,
succulent, whitish with small pale grey pockets at first, maturing
to greyish green pockets of fertile tissue separated by whitish,
sometimes with salmon pink spots, sterile veins. Often with
small holes indicating mycophagous activity. Strong odour,
more remarkable in mature specimens becoming unpleasant.
Mild taste. Asci nonamyloid, ellipsoid to ovate, citriform, sessile
or short-stipitate, 60 – 90 × 50 – 60 μm, walls 1– 2 μm thick, with
6 – 8 irregularly disposed spores, randomly arranged in fertile
pockets. Ascospores globose, (16 –)16.5 –19(–19.5) μm diam
(median = 18 μm) including ornamentation, (13.5 –)14 –16
(–16.5) μm (median = 15 μm) without ornamentation, hyaline,
smooth and uni-guttulate at first, by maturity yellow ochre and
ornamented with conical spines, pointed, straight, separate,
1– 2(– 2.5) μm long, 1 μm wide at the base.
Ecology & Distribution — Terfezia morenoi grows in calcareous, clayey, alkaline soils, associated with Pinus spp. and
Quercus ilex, with no presence of Cistaceae, it fructifies from
March to April. A circular brûlé or burnt area, with scanty vegetation, is usually observed in the ground around its mycorrhizal
host plant. This burnt area is very similar to those described
for some Tuber species and can be widely interpreted as allelopathic phenomena due to volatile secondary metabolites
emitted in the course of their life cycle (Streiblova et al. 2012).
The fact that this species has a strong odour could be related
to the formation of this burnt area, not found in other Terfezia
species with light spermatic odour or without odour.
different host and grows in acidic soil (Bordallo et al. 2015).
Terfezia olbiensis is odourless and grows in winter (Tulasne &
Tulasne 1851). Terfezia grisea is odourless, has blackish grey
gleba and different host plant (Bordallo et al. 2015). Terfezia
fanfani, T. pseudoleptoderma, T. extremadurensis, T. pini and
T. leptoderma, the other spiny-spored species, differ in growing
in acidic soil, having no distinctive odour and larger spores.
Moreover, the new taxon is distinguished from the other species based on ITS sequence identity in the phylogenetic tree
based on the Neighbour-Joining method, that was topologically
identical to the Maximal Parsimony tree (data not shown).
Typus. Spain, Albacete, Jorquera, 2013, leg. Ant. Rodríguez (holotype
MUB Fung-j251, ITS sequence GenBank KY678905, MycoBank MB823725).
Additional material examined. Spain, Albacete, Cilleruelo, 2009, A. Ro
dríguez, MUB Fung-jO12, MUB Fung-jO13, MUB Fung-jO14; Pozohondo,
2013, A. Rodríguez, MUB Fung-j257; Lezuza, 2017, A. Rodríguez, MUB
Fung-j822; Jorquera, 2013, C. Rodríguez, MUB Fung-j248, MUB Fung-j250,
MUB Fung-j251; Valencia, Onteniente, 2009, A. Rodríguez, MUB Fung-jO39;
La Rioja, 2013, A. Rodríguez, MUB Fung-j325, MUB Fung-j326; Valladolid,
Santa Espina, 1998, A. García, MUB Fung-jO34.
Notes — Terfezia morenoi is a spiny-spored Terfezia species characterised by its strong odour attractive for animals,
greyish green gleba, growing in alkaline clay soils in spring,
associated with Pinus spp. and Quercus ilex without presence
of Cistaceae. It differs from T. albida, the other spiny-spored
species growing in alkaline clay soils in having a spermatic
odour, white peridium, larger spores and different host plant
(Bordallo et al. 2013). Terfezia cistophila has a spermatic odour,
Colour illustrations. Habitat with Pinus halepensis and a burnt area
around; ascocarp; gleba and mature ascospores. Scale bar = 10 μm.
The evolutionary history was inferred using the NeighbourJoining method. The bootstrap consensus tree inferred from
500 replicates is taken to represent the evolutionary history of
the taxa analysed. Branches corresponding to partitions reproduced in less than 50 % bootstrap replicates are collapsed.
The percentage of replicate trees in which the associated taxa
clustered together in the bootstrap test (500 replicates) are
shown next to the branches. The tree is drawn to scale, with
branch lengths in the same units as those of the evolutionary
distances used to infer the phylogenetic tree. The evolutionary distances were computed using the Maximum Composite
Likelihood method and are in the units of the number of base
substitutions per site. All positions containing gaps and missing
data were eliminated from the dataset (Complete deletion option). There were a total of 452 positions in the final dataset.
Phylogenetic analyses were conducted in MEGA4 (Tamura et
al. 2007).
Juan Julián Bordallo, Antonio Rodríguez & Asunción Morte, Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología,
Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; e-mail: juanjulian.bordallo@um.es, antonio@trufamania.com & amorte@um.es
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
326
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Thecaphora australiensis
327
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 752 – 13 July 2018
Thecaphora australiensis Stajsic, Y.P. Tan & R.G. Shivas, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the country from where this fungus was collected, Australia.
Classification — Glomosporiaceae, Ustilaginales, Ustilagi
nomycetes.
Sori in all or most capsules on an infected plant, infected capsules slightly swollen and all of the seeds are replaced by a
powdery, cinnamon-brown spore mass. Spores solitary when
mature, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, 14 – 26 × 14 –19 μm,
pale to medium yellowish brown; wall even, 1– 2 μm thick
including surface ornamentation, densely verruculose, warts
c. 1 μm high. Asexual morph not seen.
Typus. aUStralia, Victoria, Beaumaris, Melbourne, Balcombe Road,
north side of road, at intersection with Balcombe Park Lane, S37°58'37.7"
E145°01'51.7", alt. 27 m, in capsules of a variant of Oxalis exilis (Oxali
daceae), 7 Feb. 2017, V. Stajsic 8369 (holotype BRIP 65455, LSU sequence
GenBank MG267396, MycoBank MB822652; isotype MEL 2406589A).
Additional material examined. aUStralia, Victoria, Melbourne, Royal Botanic Gardens, lawn near the National Herbarium of Victoria building, alt. 30 m,
in capsules of a variant of Oxalis exilis, 10 Feb. 2017, V. Stajsic 8379, BRIP
65456, MEL 2406590A, LSU sequence GenBank MG267397; Beaumaris,
Fairleigh Avenue, 20 Apr. 2017, V. Stajsic 8513, MEL 2417667A.
Thecaphora capensis PREM 60075 EU660478
Thecaphora capensis PREM 60078 EU660481
100
Thecaphora capensis PREM 60076 EU660479
Oxalis lanata var. rosea
Notes — The smut genus Thecaphora contains approximately 60 species, which infect hosts in 16 eudicot families
(Vánky 2011). Four species have been found in Australia, two
of which are endemic, none of which occur on Oxalis (Vánky
& Shivas 2008). Only two species, Thecaphora oxalidis and
T. capensis, are known to infect Oxalis. Thecaphora oxalidis occurs on Oxalis corniculata, O. dillenii, O. fontana and O. stricta
(all in sect. Corniculatae) and O. laxa (sect. Alpinae) in Asia,
Europe, North and South America (Vánky et al. 2008). The second species, T. capensis is only known on O. lanata f. var. rosea
(sect. Oppositae) from the type locality in South Africa (Salter
1944, Roets et al. 2008). Thecaphora australiensis is the only
smut fungus known to occur on Oxalis in Australia. Thecaphora
australiensis is morphologically very similar to T. oxalidis, but
it has longer spores than those of T. oxalidis, which are 12 –17
× 13.5– 21(– 24) μm (Vánky 2011). Phylogenetic analyses of
the LSU sequences show that it clusters with T. oxalidis and
T. capensis. Thecaphora australiensis infects a variant of Oxalis
exilis (sect. Corniculatae), a species which is indigenous to
Australia, New Caledonia and New Zealand. This variant occurs mainly in lawns, nature-strips, gardens, edges of paths,
parkland and ditches. The origin status of this form of O. exilis
is uncertain. The discovery of a novel Thecaphora species on
this variant of O. exilis lends support to the likelihood that the
host may be indigenous to Australia. An examination of all the
Australian-collected specimens from Oxalis sect. Corniculatae
held at MEL did not yield any specimens with T. australiensis.
Thecaphora capensis PREM 60077 EU660480
99
97
Thecaphora australiensis BRIP 65455 MG267396
Thecaphora australiensis BRIP 65456 MG267397
Oxalis exilis
Thecaphora oxalidis HUV 16513 MG267398 Oxalis stricta
100
Thecaphora oxalidis TUB 015854 EF647746 Oxalis fontana
Thecaphora affinis TUB 015855 EF647747
88
92
Thecaphora lathyri HUV 11020 EF647748
98
Thecaphora schwarzmaniana HUV 21117 EF647752
85
Thecaphora thlaspeos TUB 015857 EF647754
94
Thecaphora leptideum HUV 5916 EF647745
100
Thecaphora amaranthi HUV 15882 AF009873
Thecaphora amaranthi HUV 20727 EF200038
96
99
Thecaphora spilanthis HUV 21043 EF647753
Thecaphora spilanthis AFTOL 1913 DQ832241
Thecaphora hennenii HUV 14434 EF200039
Thecaphora solani TS 5 AY344049
0.02
A maximum likelihood tree of Thecaphora based on an alignment of LSU sequences. Analyses were performed using RAxML
v. 7.2 (Stamatakis & Alachiotis 2010) on the Geneious v. 9.1.8
platform (Biomatters Ltd.) based on the GTR substitution model
with gamma-distribution rate variation. In the tree, branch lengths
are proportional to distance. Bootstrap support values ≥ 70 %
are indicated on the nodes. Thecaphora solani TS5 was used
as outgroup. The Oxalis hosts are indicated after the Theca
phora spp. names. The new species proposed in this study is
indicated in bold.
Colour illustrations. Gardens of the Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria (photo
credit Adrian Vittorio); infected capsule of Oxalis exilis; spores. Scale bars = 1
mm (infected capsule), 10 μm (spores).
Val Stajsic, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia; e-mail: val.stajsic@rbg.vic.gov.au
Yu Pei Tan, Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia;
e-mail: yupei.tan@daf.qld.gov.au
Jacqueline Edwards, Agriculture Victoria, School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia;
e-mail: jacky.edwards@ecodev.vic.gov.au
Roger G. Shivas, Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia; e-mail: roger.shivas@usq.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
328
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Tirmania honrubiae
329
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 753 – 13 July 2018
Tirmania honrubiae Morte, Bordallo & Ant. Rodr., sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after Prof. Mario Honrubia, from Universidad de Murcia
(Murcia, Spain), for his valuable contributions in the fields of mycology and
mycorrhizal research.
Classification — Pezizaceae, Pezizales, Pezizomycetes.
Ascomata hypogeous to partially emergent at maturity, 5 –10
× 4 – 9 cm, subglobose to turbinate, with basal mycelial attachment, whitish to pale brown, yellowish brown, becoming
dark brown with age, smooth. Peridium 1 mm thick, thinner or
discontinuous in places, 2-layered: the outermost being 100 µm
thick, composed of appressed interwoven hyphae, more or less
parallel with surface of ascocarp, 5 –12 µm diam, thick-walled,
yellowish; the inner layer not differentiable from the gleba,
composed of subglobose cells, inflated up to 40 µm diam,
hyaline and thin-walled. Gleba solid, fleshy, with thin, whitish to
yellowish sterile veins enclosing cream to pale pink pockets of
fertile tissue. Odour pleasant. Taste not recorded. Asci faintly
amyloid, ellipsoid to pyriform, short-stipitate, 70 –110 × 40 – 60
µm, walls 1–1.5 µm thick, with 6–8 irregularly disposed spores,
randomly arranged in fertile pockets. Ascospores globose,
15 –19 µm diam, hyaline to pale yellow, with a single guttule,
2-layered: outer layer smooth; inner layer roughened, with low
rounded warts (up to 1 µm high) and ridges, protruding into
the outer wall layer with age or not fully hydrated, sometimes
forming a pseudoreticulum.
Ecology & Distribution — Tirmania honrubiae grows in sandy,
calcareous and alkaline soils of arid areas, associated with
Helianthemum lippii. Sporocarps are observed from January
to the beginning of April.
Typus. United araB emirateS, Abu Dhabi, Ghantoot, 2013, leg. A. Morte
(holotype MUB Fung-j297, ITS sequence GenBank MG949282, MycoBank
MB824243).
Additional material examined. United araB emirateS, Abu Dhabi, Ghantoot,
2013, leg. A. Morte, MUB Fung-j286, ITS sequence GenBank MG949283,
MUB Fung-j294, ITS sequence GenBank MG948294, MUB Fung-j299, ITS
sequence GenBank MG949287, MUB Fung-j304, ITS sequence GenBank
MG949285; Ghantoot, 2014, leg. A. Morte, MUB Fung-j359, ITS sequence
GenBank MG949289, MUB Fung-j361, ITS sequence GenBank MG949286;
Seih Sadira, 2014, leg. A. Morte, MUB Fung-j344, ITS sequence GenBank
MG949288, MUB Fung-j348.
Notes — The genus Tirmania has only two accepted species, T. nivea and T. pinoyi, which are mainly distributed in arid
areas with alkaline soils, from the north of Africa and west of Asia
(Malençon 1973, Kagan-Zur et al. 2014). Tirmania honrubiae
differs from T. nivea and T. pinoyi based on its ITS sequence
data and the spore ornamentation. Tirmania nivea has spores
that are smooth or minutely roughened and broadly ellipsoid in
shape. Tirmania pinoyi has spores that are more conspicuously
ornamented, but are clearly shorter than those of T. honrubiae
when they are observed under a scanning electron microscope.
Phylogeny inferred using Neighbour-Joining (NJ) and Maximum
Parsimony (MP) methods. The first numbers on the branches
are the NJ bootstrap support values (≥ 50 %) and the numbers
after the slash represent the MP bootstrap support values
(≥ 50 %) based on 500 bootstrapping replicates. The evolutionary distances were computed using the Maximum Composite
Likelihood analysis of ITS rDNA sequences. Eremiomyces species (GenBank JN392333, KY678905, AF435825, AF435829)
were the outgroup. There was a total of 491 positions in the
final dataset. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted in MEGA4
(Tamura et al. 2007).
Colour illustrations. Arid zones of Seih Sadira (Abu Dhabi, UAE), calcareous sandy soils, with Helianthemum lippii plants (arrows); ascocarp
under H. lippii; gleba; amyloid asca with ascospores and scanning electron
micrograph of mature ascospores. Scale bars = 20 µm.
Asunción Morte, Juan Julián Bordallo & Antonio Rodríguez, Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología,
Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; e-mail: amorte@um.es, juanjulian.bordallo@um.es & antonio@trufamania.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
330
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Xylophallus clavatus
331
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 754 – 13 July 2018
Xylophallus clavatus T.S. Cabral, M.P. Martín, C.R. Clement, K. Hosaka & Baseia,
sp. nov.
Etymology. In reference to its basidiome shape.
Classification — Phallaceae, Phallales, Agaricomycetes.
Immature basidiome globose to subglobose, with protuberances on the surface, up to 8 × 6 mm, pale brown (N40A99M20;
Küppers 1979) on base to brown (N90A99M99) to the apex,
rhizomorphs on the base. Mature basidiome up to 38 × 7 mm in
its thickest portion when fresh, clavate shape. Receptacle campanulate, smooth, with an umbilicated depression or minutely
perforated at apex, adnate to pseudostipe, up to 6 × 7 mm.
Pseudostipe up to 21 × 7 mm, cylindrical, hollow, not attached
to the volva, reticulated surface with reticulations deeper when
closer to receptacle, white (N00A00M00), composed of ovoid
to pyriform pseudoparenchymatous hyphae 20 – 35 × 20 – 27
μm, hyaline in 5 % KOH (same hyphae of receptacle). Volva
pale brown (N40A99M20) to brown (N90A99M99), with irregular dehiscence, rhizomorphs at base forming a net spreading
through substrate, interconnecting basidiomes; external layer
composed of filamentous hyphae, 2.5 – 3.5 μm wide, hyaline in
5 % KOH, sinuous, septate and with clamp connections; internal
gelatinous layer composed of pseudoparenchymatous hyphae,
19 – 34 × 19 – 27 μm, hyaline in 5 % KOH. Rhizomorphs composed of filamentous hyphae, 1.5 – 3.5 μm wide, thick-walled,
septate, hyaline in 5 % KOH. Gleba olive-brown (N99A50M10),
mucilaginous. Basidium clavate, bearing 6 – 8 spores. Basidio
spores bacillar, smooth, (4 –)4.5 – 5(– 5.5) × 1.5 – 2(– 2.5) μm,
greenish to hyaline in 5 % KOH.
Notes — To date, the genus Xylophallus has been considered monospecific with X. xylogenus, the smallest phalloid yet
described (up to 15 mm high), as the type of the genus. The immature basidiomes of X. xylogenus have a smooth surface, and
mature basidiomes are fusiform, with reticulate pseudostipes.
However, X. clavatus is macroscopically characterised by its
large basidiome size, the immature basidiome surface with
protuberances, the clavate shape of the mature basidiomes,
and the pseudostipe with relatively shallow reticulations.
Microscopically, they differ mainly in basidiospore size: in
X. clavatus the basidiospores are 4.5 – 5 μm in length, while in
X. xylogenus basidiospores are 3 – 4 μm (Trierveiler-Pereira &
Da Silveira 2012). Sáenz et al. (1972) provided a very detailed
description of specimens from Costa Rica. In our analysis, the
Costa Rican specimen (USJ 28095) grouped in the new species
clade. We found morphological similarities between the author’s
description and the specimens of X. clavatus analysed here,
such as mature and immature basidiomatal sizes, immature
basidiomatal surface with protuberances, and basidiospore
sizes. In fact, Sáenz et al. (1972) state that their results are
somewhat different from those previously published, which now
can be explained by the fact that previous papers were dealing
with X. xylogenus. The species tree indicates that the previous
taxonomy of Xylophallus does not reflect its evolutionary history.
This genus is actually composed of at least two evolutionary
units, with X. xylogenus being a sister species to the clade
representing X. clavatus.
Typus. Brazil, Pará, Belterra, National Forest of the Tapajós, -2.94166667,
-54.92972222, on rotten wood, 2014, T.S. Cabral & D.L. Komura (holotype INPA 264901, ITS, rpb2 and tef-1α sequences GenBank KU871795,
KU871723 and KU871513, MycoBank MB824521; isotype INPA 264902).
Additional material examined. Brazil, Amazonas, São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Itacoatiara-Mirim Community, S0°07'43.4" W66°58'24.4", 2014, T.S. Cabral,
paratype INPA 264927, ITS, rpb2 and tef-1α sequences GenBank KU871800,
KU871716 and KU871497; Barcelos, 2015, T.S. Cabral, paratype INPA
271655, ITS, rpb2 and tef-1α sequences GenBank KU871814, KU871742
and KU871515; Parintins, Açaí Community, -2.64750000, -56.54833333,
2015, T.S. Cabral, paratype INPA 271639, ITS, rpb2 and tef-1α sequences
GenBank KU871803, KU871719 and KU871506. – CoSta riCa, Heredia, Sarapiquí, La Selva, 1986, C. Ovrebo, USJ 28095, ITS, rpb2 and tef-1α sequences
GenBank KU871815, KU871715 and KU871514.
Colour illustrations. Brazil, Pará, Belterra, National Forest of the Tapajós;
fresh basidiomes of INPA 271639 and INPA 264901 (top, scale bar = 10 mm);
immature basidiome with protuberances on surface (bottom, scale bar = 1
mm); pseudoparenchymatous hyphae of pseudostipe (scale bar = 100 μm);
filamentous hyphae from volva (scale bar = 50 μm); basidiospores (scale
bar = 10 μm).
Phylogenetic tree obtained with MrBayes v. 3.1.2 (Ronquist &
Huelsenbeck 2003) using ITS nrDNA, tef-1α and rpb2 concatenated genes, under GTR+G, TRN+G and SYM+G models, for
3 M generations. Both type and paratype of the new species are
marked with a coloured rectangle. Posterior probabilities values
are indicated on the branches. TreeBASE submission ID 22365.
Tiara S. Cabral, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; e-mail: ttiara@gmail.com
María P. Martín, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es
Charles R. Clement, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; e-mail: cclement@inpa.gov.br
Kentaro Hosaka, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; e-mail: khosaka@kahaku.go.jp
Iuri G. Baseia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; e-mail: iuri.baseia@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
332
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Zymoseptoria crescenta
333
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 755 – 13 July 2018
Zymoseptoria crescenta Abrinbana, Abdollahz. & Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after its characteristic crescent-shaped conidia.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothi
deomycetes.
Phytopathogenic. Conidiomata pycnidial, substomatal, immersed to erumpent, globose, dark brown, up to 120 µm diam, with
central ostiole, up to 20 µm diam; wall of 3 – 4 layers of brown
textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous
cells, or with one supporting cell, lining the inner cavity. Conidio
genous cells hyaline, smooth, tightly aggregated, subcylindrical
to ampulliform, straight to curved, 6 –13 × 2 – 3 µm, with 1– 2
inconspicuous, percurrent proliferations at apex, 1–1.5 µm
diam. Type I conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, crescent or sickle-shaped, tapering towards acutely rounded apex,
with tapering subtruncate or mostly acute base, 0(–1)-septate,
(11–)15 – 21(– 25) × 2(– 2.5) µm; hila not thickened nor darkened, 1– 2 µm diam. On OA and PDA yeast-like growth and
microcyclic conidiation (Type III conidia) are observed, and
aerial hyphae disarticulate into phragmospores (Type II conidia).
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA erumpent,
spreading, with sparse aerial mycelium, lobate margins, greenish black, reverse olivaceous grey. On OA erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium, olivaceous grey margin; reaching
10 mm diam after 30 d at 25 °C.
Notes — The genus Zymoseptoria (based on Z. tritici ) was
established by Quaedvlieg et al. (2011) for septoria-like species that occur on graminicolous hosts. With the introduction
of Z. crescenta, the genus presently contains eight species,
including Z. tritici (causal agent of septoria tritici blotch on
wheat) and Z. passerinii (causal agent of septoria speckled
leaf blotch of barley) (Stukenbrock et al. 2012, Videira et al.
2017). Zymoseptoria crescenta is phylogenetically closely related to Z. halophila and Z. passerinii. However, it is easily distinguished from all known Zymoseptoria species by having
crescent-shaped conidia in vivo.
Typus. iran, East Azarbaijan province, Kaleybar, N38°36'43" E47°14'21",
on living leaves of Aegilops triuncialis (Poaceae), May 2012, M. Abrinbana
(holotype CBS H-23592, cultures ex-types CPC 24053 = CBS 144410, ITS,
LSU, tef1 and rpb2 sequences GenBank MH259304, MH267287, MH271694
and MH271695, MycoBank 825300).
0.98/66
Zymoseptoria tritici CBS 115943 (IPO323)ET
Zymoseptoria pseudotritici CBS 130976T
0.99/96
0.99/91
Zymoseptoria brevis CBS 128853T
Zymoseptoria ardabiliae CBS 130977T
0.98/90
1/100
Zymoseptoria passerinii CBS 120382ET
Zymoseptoria halophila CBS 128854T
Zy
mose
ptoria crescenta CPC
10
The single most parsimonious tree of Zymoseptoria species
inferred from concatenated ITS, LSU, tef1 and rpb2 sequences.
Bayesian posterior probability and maximum parsimony bootstrap support values are given at the nodes. The new species
is indicated in bold. All strains are ex-type or ex-epitype (indicated with T and ET, respectively). The scale bar represents 10
changes. The parsimony analysis was performed using PAUP*
v. 4.0b10 (Swofford 2003) and the Bayesian analysis using
MrBayes v. 3.2 (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003).
24053T
Ramularia endophylla CBS 113265ET
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaf of Aegilops triuncialis; colony
sporulating on potato dextrose agar; conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 μm.
Masoud Abrinbana, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, P.O. Box 165, Urmia, Iran;
e-mail: m.abrinbana@urmia.ac.ir
Jafar Abdollahzadeh, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416,
Sanandaj, Iran; e-mail: j.abdollahzadeh@yahoo.com
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
334
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Araucasphaeria foliorum
335
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 756 – 13 July 2018
Araucasphaeria Crous & M.J. Wingf., gen. nov.
Etymology. Name combines the host genus, Araucaria, and the related
fungal genus, Teratosphaeria.
Classification — Teratosphaeriaceae, Capnodiales, Dothi
deomycetes.
Phytopathogenic. Ascomata pseudothecial, aggregated in a
brown stroma, immersed to erumpent, globose, with central ostiole, filled with hyaline, branched, septate periphysoids; wall of
3–8 layers of dark brown textura angularis. Asci aparaphysate,
fasciculate, bitunicate, subsessile, obovoid, straight to slightly
curved, 8-spored. Ascospores multiseriate, overlapping, hyaline, guttulate, thick-walled, fusoid-ellipsoid with obtuse ends,
medianly 1-septate, encased in a mucoid sheath.
Type species. Araucasphaeria foliorum Crous & M.J. Wingf.
MycoBank MB825397.
Araucasphaeria foliorum Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the fact that the fungus occurs on leaves.
Leaf spots amphigenous, irregular to subcircular, 5 – 20 mm
diam, brown, with dark brown margins. Ascomata pseudothecial, amphigenous, aggregated in a brown stroma, dark brown,
immersed to erumpent, globose, 70–100 µm diam, with central
ostiole, filled with hyaline, branched, septate periphysoids, 5–15
× 2 – 3.5 µm; wall of 3 – 8 layers of dark brown textura angu
laris. Asci aparaphysate, fasciculate, bitunicate, subsessile,
obovoid, straight to slightly curved, 8-spored, 25 – 45 × 12 –17
µm. Ascospores multiseriate, overlapping, hyaline, guttulate,
thick-walled, straight, fusoid-ellipsoid with obtuse ends, widest
just above septum, medianly 1-septate, constricted at septum,
tapering towards both ends, but more prominently towards lower
end, encased in a mucoid sheath up to 5 µm diam, (12–)14–15
× (4 –)4.5 – 5 µm. Ascospores germinating primarily from one
end, with germ tubes at an angle to the long axis of the spore,
becoming constricted at septum, medium brown, verruculose,
5(–7) µm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
pale olivaceous grey, margin buff, slimy, reverse cinnamon.
On PDA surface and reverse olivaceous grey. On OA surface
olivaceous grey.
Notes — A common ascomycete found on the leaves of Arau
caria in South America is Mycosphaerella araucariae (Rehm
1901, Von Arx 1958, Aptroot 2006). Araucasphaeria foliorum
is distinct from Mycosphaerella araucariae, which has larger
ascomata (100–140 µm diam), asci (65–90 × 12–17 µm) and
ascospores (19–26 × 5–6 µm) (Von Arx 1958). Araucasphaeria
differs from Pseudoteratosphaeria (Quaedvlieg et al. 2014) in
having ascomata aggregated in a stroma, ostioles that are lined
with hyaline, branched, septate periphysoids, and ascospores
encased in a prominent mucoid sheath.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Pseudotaeniolina globosa (GenBank KC311489.1;
Identities = 482/548 (88 %), 20 gaps (3 %)), Phaeothecoidea
proteae (GenBank EU707898.1; Identities = 483/553 (87 %),
27 gaps (4 %)) and Xenophacidiella pseudocatenata (GenBank
JF499851.1; Identities = 485/555 (87 %), 35 gaps (6 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Pseudoteratosphae
ria secundaria (GenBank EU019306.2; Identities = 847/868
(98 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Pseudoteratosphaeria flexuosa (GenBank JN232432.1; Identities = 846/868 (97 %), 1 gap (0 %))
and Pseudoteratosphaeria ohnowa (GenBank EU019305.2;
Identities = 846/868 (97 %), 1 gap (0 %)).
Typus. Chile, Rio Puesco, near Pucon, on symptomatic leaves of Arau
caria araucana (Araucariaceae), Mar. 2010, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS
H-23591, culture ex-type CPC 33084 = CBS 144411, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MH327793.1 and MH327829.1, MycoBank MB825398).
Colour illustrations. Araucaria trees growing in Chile; symptomatic
leaf, asci in ascomata, ascospores with and without sheath, germinating
ascospores. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
336
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Corynespora pseudocassiicola
337
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 757 – 13 July 2018
Corynespora pseudocassiicola Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the morphological similarity to Corynespora
cassiicola.
Classification — Corynesporascaceae, Pleosporales, Dothi
deomycetes.
Leaf spots amphigenous, but more prominent on upper leaf surface, medium brown with broad, dark brown border, circular to
subcircular, 5–20 mm diam. Mycelium immersed, stromata absent. Conidiophores 200 – 400 × 5 –7 µm, septate, dark brown,
smooth, cylindrical, flexuous, thick-walled, solitary, at times
arising in clusters of 3 – 6 from a reduced stroma consisting of
a few brown, globose cells, 10 –13 µm diam. Conidiogenous
cells terminal, integrated, dark brown, smooth, cylindrical, with
obtuse apex with tretic central pore, 12 – 50 × 5 –7 µm. Conidia
medium brown, finely roughened, subcylindrical to obclavate,
apex obtuse, base obconically truncate, with slightly darkened
hilum, (3 –)4 – 5(–7) µm diam, (4 –)8 –12(–17)-distoseptate,
straight to flexuous, frequently in short, unbranched chains,
(70 –)95 –160(– 230) × (7–)9 –10 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface pale olivaceous grey, reverse olivaceous grey. On PDA surface olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey. On OA surface pale olivaceous
grey.
Typus. ColomBia, Llanos, on leaves of Byrsonima sp. (Malpighiaceae),
July 2010, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-23590, culture ex-type CPC
31708 = CBS 144412, ITS, LSU, actA, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank
MH327794.1, MH327830.1, MH327864.1, MH327877.1 and MH327888.1,
MycoBank MB825399).
Notes — Corynespora cassiicola (from leaves of Cassia
sp. in Cuba) is a common pathogen of a range of crops in the
tropics, which is morphologically and phylogenetically highly
diverse (Dixon et al. 2009), including several different species.
Corynespora pseudocassiicola is morphologically similar to
several species that are presently treated as C. ‘cassiicola’, but
is associated with leaf spots of Byrsonima in Colombia, and is
herewith distinguished based on its phylogenetic placement,
and described as new.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Corynespora cassiicola (GenBank FJ852587.1;
Identities = 520/553 (94 %), 11 gaps (1 %)), Corynespora to
rulosa (GenBank NR_145181.1; Identities = 517/551 (94 %),
10 gaps (1 %)) and Corynespora smithii (GenBank KY984300.1;
Identities = 513 / 551 (93 %), 9 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits
using the LSU sequence are Corynespora cassiicola (GenBank LC177365.1; Identities = 805/809 (99 %), no gaps),
Corynespora torulosa (GenBank KF777207.1; Identities =
847/855 (99 %), no gaps) and Corynespora smithii (GenBank
KY984299.1; Identities = 845/855 (99 %), no gaps). Closest
hits using the actA sequence had highest similarity to Para
stagonospora nodorum (GenBank CP022803.1; Identities =
474/523 (91 %), 10 gaps (1 %)), Phaeosphaeria podocarpi
(GenBank KP004502.1; Identities = 458/503 (91 %), 5 gaps
(0 %)) and Alternaria intercepta (GenBank JQ671651.1; Identities = 469/521 (90 %), 8 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the
tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Corynespora smithii
(GenBank KY984436.1; Identities = 372/431 (86 %), 14 gaps
(3 %)), Neocucurbitaria juglandicola (GenBank MF795861.1;
Identities = 351/440 (80 %), 23 gaps (5 %)) and Protofenestella
ulmi (GenBank MF795879.1; Identities = 351/440 (80 %), 30
gaps (6 %)). The best hit using the tub2 sequence was with
Corynespora cassiicola (GenBank KU605248.1; Identities =
360/404 (89 %), 6 gaps (1 %)).
Colour illustrations. Byrsonima sp. growing in Colombia; symptomatic
leaf, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
338
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Helminthosporium livistonae
339
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 758 – 13 July 2018
Helminthosporium livistonae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Livistona, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Massarinaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideo
mycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, septate, branched, 2.5 – 3 µm
diam hyphae. Conidiophores arising from superficial mycelium,
erect, flexuous, medium brown, cylindrical, smooth to roughwalled, multiseptate, up to 500 µm tall, with obtuse apex,
4 – 6 µm diam. Conidiogenous cells integrated along length
of conidiophore, terminal and intercalary, pores inconspicuous. Conidia subcylindrical, straight, medium brown, smooth,
apex obtuse, base somewhat obconic, hilum thickened and
darkened, 2–3 µm diam, (3–)4–6(–7)-distoseptate, (25–)40–
55(–65) × (7–)8–9 µm; conidia solitary, terminal and lateral, or
in short unbranched chains of up to three.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 65 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA
surface dirty white, reverse sienna. On PDA surface saffron,
reverse peach. On OA surface ochreous to salmon with diffuse
salmon pigment.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Murramarang National Park, on
leaves of Livistona australis (Arecaceae), 27 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype
CBS H-23589, culture ex-type CPC 32158 = CBS 144413, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MH327795.1 and MH327831.1, MycoBank MB825400).
Notes — The Helminthosporium complex was recently
treated by Voglmayr & Jaklitsch (2017). Helminthosporium
livistonae must to be compared to Exosporium livistonicola,
which is distinct in having inconspicuous conidiogenous loci,
and conidia that are solitary, obclavate, 20 – 85 × 4 –7 µm,
2 – 5-distoseptate (Braun et al. 2014, Videira et al. 2017). Exo
sporium livistonae is distinct in having obclavate conidia that
are solitary, 5-distoseptate, (45–)60–70(–80) × (7–)8(–10) µm,
with distinct scars on the conidiophores (Crous et al. 2011b);
in addition, its LSU sequence (GenBank JQ044446.1) is only
85 % identical to that of Helminthosporium livistonae (760/891,
29 gaps).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Helminthosporium juglandinum (GenBank
NR_155197.1; Identities = 485/542 (89 %), 20 gaps (3 %)),
Helminthosporium quercinum (GenBank NR_155198.1; Identities = 483/543 (89 %), 22 gaps (4 %)) and Corynespora pro
liferata (GenBank FJ852596.1; Identities = 482/543 (89 %),
23 gaps (4 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Hel
minthosporium genistae (GenBank KY984312.1; Identities =
855/885 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Helminthosporium microsorum
(GenBank KY984329.1; Identities = 853 /884 (96 %), no gaps)
and Helminthosporium quercinum (GenBank KY984338.1;
Identities = 852/884 (96 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Livistona australis; conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
340
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Pseudoarthrographis phlogis
341
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 759 – 13 July 2018
Pseudoarthrographis Crous & Thangavel, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects a similarity to the genus Arthrographis.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of smooth, pale brown, septate, branched,
hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, arising directly from superficial
hyphae, subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, erect, 0–1-septate,
or reduced to conidiogenous loci directly on hyphae. Conidioge
nous cells solitary, loci on hyphae or terminal on conidiophores,
integrated. Arthroconidia occurring in chains, cylindrical with
truncate ends, smooth, pale olivaceous in mass, 0 –1-septate,
in branched or unbranched chains, hila inconspicuous, truncate.
Chlamydospores developing in culture, occurring in chains, globose, medium brown, smooth.
Type species. Pseudoarthrographis phlogis Crous & Thangavel.
MycoBank MB825401.
Pseudoarthrographis phlogis Crous & Thangavel, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Phlox, the host genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Mycelium consisting of smooth, pale brown, septate, branched,
2–2.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, arising directly
from superficial hyphae, subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth,
erect, 0 –1-septate, or reduced to conidiogenous loci directly
on hyphae, 10 – 25 × 2.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells solitary, loci
on hyphae or terminal on conidiophores, integrated, 1–10 × 2.5
µm. Arthroconidia occurring in chains, cylindrical with truncate
ends, smooth, pale olivaceous in mass, (3 –)8 –12(–15) ×
2.5 µm, 0 –1-septate, in branched or unbranched chains, hila
inconspicuous, truncate, 2 – 2.5 µm diam. Chlamydospores
developing in culture, occurring in chains, globose, medium
brown, smooth, 5 –7 µm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobed margin, reaching 7 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface and
reverse olivaceous grey, with diffuse purple pigment on OA.
Typus. new zealand, Prebbleton, Trents Rd., RD6, on Phlox subulata
(Polemoniaceae), 10 June 2016, R. Thangavel, T16_02340G (holotype
CBS H-23588, culture ex-type CPC 32759 = CBS 144414, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MH327796.1 and MH327832.1, MycoBank MB825402).
Notes — Pseudoarthrographis is morphologically similar to
the genus Arthrographis, which also resides in the Dothideomy
cetes (Eremomycetaceae). Species of Arthrographis have been
isolated from the air, compost, marine sediments, soil, wood and
also from opportunistic human infections (Giraldo et al. 2014).
Another genus to consider in this description is Arthropsis,
which accommodates species with dark arthroconidia, joined
by adjacent connectives and developing from undifferentiated
conidiogenous hyphae (Sigler et al. 1982).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Neodactylaria obpyriformis (GenBank NR_154267.1;
Identities = 476/571 (83 %), 29 gaps (5 %)), Hormococcus
conorum (GenBank KF993412.1; Identities = 477/577 (83 %), 33
gaps (5 %)) and Oncopodiella trigonella (GenBank KY853455.1;
Identities = 348/397 (88 %), 6 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Spissiomyces ramosus (GenBank KF680785.1;
Identities = 830/877 (95 %), 5 gaps (0 %)), Hysteropatella
clavispora (GenBank AY541493.1; Identities = 831/880 (94 %), 7
gaps (0 %)) and Coniosporium apollinis (GenBank GU250896.1;
Identities = 818/867 (94 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Phlox subulata in New Zealand; hyphae forming
chains of disarticulating conidia, chlamydospore-like structures and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095,
Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: thangavel.raja@mpi.govt.nz
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
342
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Polynema podocarpi
343
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 760 – 13 July 2018
Polynema podocarpi Crous & Thangavel, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Podocarpus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales,
Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata stromatic, acervuloid, separate, superficial on
agar, globose in outline, 200–350 µm diam, brown with creamy
conidial mass in centre, surrounded by setae. Setae arising from
basal stroma, straight to slightly curved, with basal septum,
medium brown, smooth, thick-walled, unbranched, 90 – 200
µm long, apex acute, 3–4 µm diam at the base. Conidiophores
lining the basal stroma, cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, branched,
1– 3-septate, 20 – 65 × 2 – 2.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, 12 – 20 × 2 – 2.5 µm. Conidia
fusoid to subcylindrical, subobtuse at apex, with single central
appendage, truncate at base, (1–)3-septate, not constricted at
septa, hyaline, smooth, (12–)14–15(–16) × 2.5(–3) µm, bearing
appendages at each end; three basal appendages (10–)15–16
µm long, apical appendage central, 6 – 8 µm long.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and folded surface with smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 35 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface dirty white, reverse sienna. On PDA surface pale luteous
to dirty white, reverse umber in centre, luteous in outer region.
On OA surface pale luteous with diffuse luteous pigment in agar.
Notes — Based on morphology this fungus is best accommodated in the genus Polynema as defined by Nag Raj (1993),
being allied to Pseudolachnea, and clustering in Chaeto
sphaeriaceae (Crous et al. 2012). Morphologically, Polynema
podocarpi is quite distinct from the presently known species,
having 3-septate conidia (Nag Raj 1993). Polynema podocarpi
is the first species of the genus that has been subjected to DNA
sequencing, and thus adds a new lineage to the Chaetosphae
riaceae.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Pseudolachnea fraxini (GenBank NR_155628.1;
Identities = 484/536 (90 %), 29 gaps (5 %)), Pseudolachnea
hispidula (GenBank AB934071.1; Identities = 477/528 (90 %),
28 gaps (5 %)) and Pseudolachnella longiciliata (GenBank
AB934081.1; Identities = 469/528 (89 %), 29 gaps (5 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Pseudolachnella fusiformis
(GenBank AB934056.1; Identities = 817/835 (98 %), no gaps),
Pseudolachnella botulispora (GenBank AB934050.1; Identities = 811/830 (98 %), no gaps) and Pseudolachnea hispidula
(GenBank AB934048.1; Identities = 811/830 (98 %), no gaps).
Typus. new zealand, Auckland, Princes Street, on Podocarpus totara
(Podocarpaceae), 7 July 2016, R. Thangavel, T16_02618G (holotype CBS
H-23587, culture ex-type CPC 32761 = CBS 144415 = ICMP 22363, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MH327797.1 and MH327833.1, MycoBank
MB825403).
Colour illustrations. Podocarpus totara tree in New Zealand; conidioma
sporulating on SNA (scale bar = 300 µm), setae, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia (scale bars = 10 µm).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095,
Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: thangavel.raja@mpi.govt.nz
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
344
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Acrodontium metrosideri
345
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 761 – 13 July 2018
Acrodontium metrosideri Crous & Thangavel, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Metrosideros, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Teratosphaeriaceae, Capnodiales, Dothi
deomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, septate, branched,
1.5 – 2 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells arising from superficial hyphae,
medium brown, smooth, the lower third being cylindrical, and the
upper section tapering prominently to a subacute apex; upper
half consisting of a rachis with tightly aggregated loci, visible
as small pimple-like scars, 0.5 µm diam, slightly darkened and
refractive, 25 – 35 × 2.5 – 3 µm. Conidia solitary, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, ellipsoid to clavate, apex obtuse, tapering in lower
third to truncate base, 0.5–1 µm diam, (3–)4(–5) × 1.5(–2) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, with
folded surface, sparse aerial mycelium and smooth lobate
margin, reaching 8 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA surface olivaceous grey, and reverse iron-grey.
Typus. new zealand, Auckland, Bucklands Beach, 22 Wells Rd, on Metro
sideros excelsa (Myrtaceae), 8 Dec. 2016, R. Thangavel, T16_03926D (holotype CBS H-23586, culture ex-type CPC 32783 = CBS 144416, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MH327798.1 and MH327834.1, MycoBank MB825404).
Notes — Videira et al. (2016) showed that Acrodontium
resides in the Teratosphaeriaceae. Furthermore, her data also
showed several other species reside in different orders, and
are not congeneric with the type, A. crateriforme. The present
collection, however, clusters within Acrodontium s.str. where
it represents a distinct lineage, known from Metrosideros
excelsa in New Zealand, clustering with another strain from
New Zealand (PDD 105475) originally identified as Septoria
alpicola, occurring on Fuchsia excorticata (conidia 60 × 2 µm,
1–7 septate on the specimen). It is apparent that the culture
PDD 105475 became contaminated with the fungus described
here as Acrodontium podocarpi, which due to its sticky, minute
conidia, tends to be a common contaminant in culture collections.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to ‘Septoria cf. alpicola’ (GenBank KM975402.1;
Identities = 528/532 (99 %), no gaps), Acrodontium crateriforme
(GenBank GU214682.1; Identities = 507/538 (94 %), 13 gaps
(2 %)) and Acrodontium crateriforme (GenBank KX287268.1;
Identities = 507/538 (94 %), 13 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are ‘Septoria cf. alpicola’ (GenBank
KM975377.1; Identities = 862/864 (99 %), no gaps), Acrodon
tium crateriforme (GenBank KX286957.1; Identities = 842/870
(97 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Acrodontium neolitseae (GenBank
KJ869184.1; Identities = 816/844 (97 %), 1 gap (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Bucklands Beach, New Zealand; conidiophores
sporulating on SNA, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095,
Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: thangavel.raja@mpi.govt.nz
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
346
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Chaetopsina eucalypti
347
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 762 – 13 July 2018
Chaetopsina eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomy
cetes.
Conidiomata sporodochial, hyaline, globose, 100 – 300 µm
diam, with crystalline to creamy mucoid conidial mass. Setae
dispersed throughout sporodochia, at times developing from
a brown basal stroma of textura angularis, erect, flexuous,
unbranched, brown, smooth, thick-walled, tapering to acute
apex, multi-septate, 150–300 × 6–7 µm. Conidiophores densely
aggregated, arising from a central stroma, hyaline, smooth,
subcylindrical, 3–6-septate, 20–40 × 2.5–3 µm. Conidiogenous
cells terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical to fusoid-ellipsoid,
hyaline, smooth, phialidic, 7–12 × 2.5–3 µm. Conidia aseptate,
hyaline, smooth, guttulate, cylindrical, straight, apex obtuse,
base truncate, 1 µm diam, (13 –)14 –15(–18) × (1.5–)2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with folded surface and sparse aerial mycelium and even, lobate margin,
reaching 20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
saffron, reverse luteous. On PDA surface ochreous, reverse
sienna. On OA surface pale luteous.
Notes — Chaetopsina eucalypti is phylogenetically related
to C. pini, known from needle litter of Pinus caribaea collected
in Thailand (Crous et al. 2013). The genus Chaetopsina has
nectria-like sexual morphs, and although the culture examined
in this study formed ascomatal initials, these did not become
fertile. Some species of Chaetopsina have been reported from
Eucalyptus, namely C. fulva (Hawaii; conidia 7–11 × 1 µm)
and C. splendida (Australia and Brazil; conidia 9.5 –12 × 1.5
µm) (Sutton & Hodges 1976, Crous et al. 1989). Chaetopsina
eucalypti is easily distinguished from these species based on
its larger conidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Chaetopsina pini (GenBank NR_137822.1; Identities = 528/588 (90 %), 24 gaps (4 %)) and Chaetopsina pinicola
(GenBank NR_137823.1; Identities = 524/595 (88 %), 36 gaps
(6 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Chaetopsina
pini (GenBank KF777200.1; Identities = 872 /881 (99 %), no
gaps), Chaetopsinectria chaetopsinae (GenBank DQ119553.2;
Identities = 877/889 (99 %), no gaps) and Chaetopsina pinicola
(GenBank KF777201.1; Identities = 875/891 (98 %), no gaps).
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Nullica State Forest, on Eucalyptus
leaf litter (Myrtaceae), 29 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23585,
culture ex-type CPC 32857 = CBS 144417, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH327799.1 and MH327835.1, MycoBank MB825405).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus leaf litter next to a dead Xanthorrhoea at
collection site; conidiomata sporulating on OA (scale bar = 300 µm), setae,
conidiogenous cells and conidia (scale bars = 10 µm).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
348
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Neometulocladosporiella eucalypti
349
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 763 – 13 July 2018
Neometulocladosporiella Crous & M.J. Wingf., gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the fact that it is similar to Metulocladosporiella.
Classification — Rutstroemiaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Conidiophores dimorphic. Microconidiophores erect, pale brown,
smooth, solitary, subcylindrical, straight to flexuous, septate, giving rise to a single, terminal conidiogenous cell. Conidiogenous
cells pale brown, smooth, clavate, with 1–3 flat-tipped apical loci,
unthickened, not darkened, giving rise to ramoconidia. Macro
conidiophores solitary, erect, straight to flexuous, unbranched,
subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth, arising from superficial
mycelium, base narrow but becoming significantly wider and
darkened brown in second cell from the base, septate, medium
brown, smooth, clavate, giving rise to a series of metulae or
branches, which are medium brown, smooth, subcylindrical to
clavate, aseptate, base abruptly tapered to flat-tipped locus,
apex with 2–4 denticles, unthickened, not darkened, giving rise
to secondary ramoconidia. Primary ramoconidia fusoid-ellipsoid
to subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth, septate, with 1–3
apical flat-tipped loci, unthickened, not darkened. Secondary
ramoconidia straight, pale brown, smooth, septate, subcylindrical with obtuse ends, base with abrupt taper to truncate hilum,
apex with 1–3 denticles, not thickened nor darkened, giving
rise to branched, dry chains of acropetal conidia, pale brown,
smooth to finely verruculose, subcylindrical with obtuse ends,
septate, with a flat-tipped basal hilum and 1–3 apical denticles,
not thickened nor darkened.
Type species. Neometulocladosporiella eucalypti Crous & M.J. Wingf.
MycoBank MB825406.
Neometulocladosporiella eucalypti Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Conidiophores dimorphic. Microconidiophores erect, pale brown,
smooth, solitary, subcylindrical, straight to flexuous, 1–3-septate,
30–70 × 3–4 µm, giving rise to a single, terminal conidiogenous
cell. Conidiogenous cells 10–50 × 3–4 µm, pale brown, smooth,
clavate, with 1–3 flat-tipped apical loci, 2 µm diam, unthickened,
not darkened, giving rise to ramoconidia. Macroconidiophores
solitary, erect, straight to flexuous, unbranched, subcylindrical,
medium brown, smooth, arising from superficial mycelium, base
narrow but becoming significantly wider and darkened brown in
second cell from the base, 200–600 × 10–16 µm, 5–10-septate,
medium brown, smooth, clavate, giving rise to a series of up to
20 metulae or branches, 15–25 × 5–9 µm, which are medium
brown, smooth, subcylindrical to clavate, aseptate, base abruptly
tapered to flat-tipped locus, 2 µm diam, apex with 2–4 denticles,
1 × 1 µm, unthickened, not darkened, giving rise to secondary
ramoconidia. Primary ramoconidia fusoid-ellipsoid to subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth, 0–1-septate, 12–22 × 4–5 µm,
with 1–3 apical flat-tipped loci, 1 µm diam, unthickened, not
darkened. Secondary ramoconidia straight, pale brown, smooth,
0–1-septate, subcylindrical with obtuse ends, 13–15 × 5–7 µm,
base with abrupt taper to truncate hilum, 1–1.5 µm diam, apex
with 1–3 denticles, 1 µm diam, not thickened nor darkened,
giving rise to branched, dry chains of acropetal conidia, pale
brown, smooth to finely verruculose, subcylindrical with obtuse
ends, 0–1-septate, (9–)10–11(–12) × (4–)5(–6) µm, with a flattipped basal hilum and 1–3 apical denticles, 0.5–1 µm diam,
not thickened nor darkened.
Culture characteristics — Colonies spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and even margin, covering dish after 2 wk
at 25 °C. On MEA surface isabelline, reverse hazel. On PDA
surface and reverse honey. On OA surface buff.
Typus. ColomBia, Cali, on leaves of Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla (Myrta
ceae), 26 June 2010, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-23584, culture ex-type
CPC 31787 = CBS 144419, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH327800.1
and MH327836.1, MycoBank MB825407).
Notes — Neometulocladosporiella resembles Metuloclado
sporiella (Herpotrichiellaceae), a genus associated with speckle
disease on banana leaves (Crous et al. 2006, 2014, Marin-Felix
et al. 2019). The fungus from Eucalyptus leaves is, however,
phylogenetically distinct, being allied to Helotiales and clustering
with genera such as Ciboria and Lanzia. A new genus, Neo
metulocladosporiella, is therefore introduced to accommodate
the fungus occurring on Eucalyptus, and to distinguish it from
Metulocladosporiella, which occurs on Musa spp. (Bensch et
al. 2012, Marin-Felix et al. 2019).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Lanzia allantospora (GenBank AB926099.1; Identities = 526 /557 (94 %), 8 gaps (1 %)), Roseodiscus sinicus
(GenBank NR_154394.1; Identities = 494 /529 (93 %), 6 gaps
(1 %)) and Ciboria americana (GenBank JN033399.1; Identities = 515 /552 (93 %), 13 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Lanzia allantospora (GenBank AB926154.1;
Identities = 855/859 (99 %), no gaps), Ciboria americana (GenBank JN086702.1; Identities = 792 /803 (99 %), no gaps) and
Lambertella subrenispora (GenBank AB926152.1; Identities =
831/851 (98 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus trees in Colombia; conidiophores sporulating on pine needle agar, conidiogenous apparatus, conidiogenous cells
and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
350
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Myrotheciomyces corymbiae
351
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 764 – 13 July 2018
Myrotheciomycetaceae Crous, fam. nov.
Classification — Myrotheciomycetaceae, Hypocreales, Sor
dariomycetes.
Conidiomata superficial on media, solitary conidiophores to
sporodochia, with crystalline to white or orange conidial mass;
with or without basal stroma. Conidiophores, hyaline, smooth
to warty, unbranched to branched, subcylindrical, with terminal
and lateral conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells hyaline,
smooth, phialidic, or with retrogressive conidiogenesis. Conidia
aggregated in slimy mass, 0–1-septate, hyaline, smooth, fusoidellipsoid, apex subobtuse, base truncate, unthickened.
Type genus. Myrotheciomyces Crous.
MycoBank MB825408.
Notes — The family Myrotheciomycetaceae presently includes Emericellopsis, Leucosphaerina, Myrotheciomyces and
Trichothecium.
Myrotheciomyces Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects a similarity to the genus Myrothecium.
Conidiomata superficial on media, sporodochial, round to irregular, white with slimy orange conidial mass, surrounded by
a loose hyphal network; basal stroma giving rise to densely
aggregated conidiophores, hyaline, smooth to warty, excessively branched, subcylindrical, with terminal and lateral conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, fusoid-
ellipsoid, curved with prominent taper in upper third to a phialidic
apex, with minute collarette. Conidia solitary, aggregated in
slimy mass, hyaline, smooth, thick-walled, granular, aseptate,
fusoid-ellipsoid, apex subobtuse, base truncate, unthickened.
Type species. Myrotheciomyces corymbiae Crous.
MycoBank MB825409.
Myrotheciomyces corymbiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Corymbia, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Conidiomata superficial on media, sporodochial, round to irregular, 200 – 400 µm diam, white with slimy orange conidial mass,
surrounded by a loose hyphal network; basal stroma giving rise
to densely aggregated conidiophores, hyaline, smooth to warty,
excessively branched, subcylindrical, up to 150 µm long, 3 – 5
µm diam, with terminal and lateral conidiogenous cells. Coni
diogenous cells hyaline, smooth, fusoid-ellipsoid, curved with
prominent taper in upper third to a phialidic apex, 2 µm diam,
with minute collarette, 20 – 27 × 4 – 5 µm. Conidia solitary, aggregated in slimy mass, hyaline, smooth, thick-walled, granular,
aseptate, fusoid-ellipsoid, apex subobtuse, base truncate, 2 µm
diam, unthickened, (13 –)16 –18(– 20) × (5–)6 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and even margin, covering dish after 2 wk
at 25 °C. On MEA surface ochreous, reverse luteous. On PDA
surface pale luteous, reverse amber. On OA surface ochreous
to saffron.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Dyraaba, Dyraaba plantation,
S28°47'20.5" E152°49'03", on leaves of Corymbia variegata (Myrtaceae),
14 Mar. 2015, A.J. Carnegie (holotype CBS H-23583, culture ex-type CPC
33206 = CBS 144420, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH327801.1 and
MH327837.1, MycoBank MB825410).
Notes — Morphologically, the present collection resembles
species accommodated in the Myrothecium complex. The Myro
thecium generic complex was recently treated by Lombard
et al. (2016), none of which cluster with the fungus from Co
rymbia, which is allied to hypocrealean isolates identified as
Trichothecium, Niesslia and Leucosphaerina. The new genus,
Myrotheciomyces, is therefore introduced to accommodate the
fungus occurring on Corymbia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Niesslia exilis (GenBank MG826991.1; Identities
= 552/636 (87 %), 56 gaps (8 %)), Trichothecium ovalisporum
(GenBank NR_111321.1; Identities = 539/623 (87 %), 52 gaps
(8 %)) and Trichothecium roseum (GenBank EU552162.1; Identities = 546 /638 (86 %), 44 gaps (6 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Niesslia exilis (GenBank MG826794.1; Identities = 854/866 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Trichothecium roseum
(GenBank JX458860.1; Identities = 773 /786 (98 %), no gaps)
and Leucosphaerina indica (GenBank AF096194.1; Identities
= 854/869 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus trees; conidiomata sporulating on pine
needle agar (scale bar = 400 µm), conidiogenous cells and conidia (scale
bars = 10 µm).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta NSW 2150, Locked Bag 5123, Parramatta NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
352
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Eucalyptostroma eucalyptorum
353
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 765 – 13 July 2018
Eucalyptostroma eucalyptorum Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales,
Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata scattered to gregarious, consisting of dense synnemata, 100 – 300 × 20 –70 µm; stem consisting of aggregated
conidiophores, hyaline, smooth, 2–3 µm diam, flaring outwards
in upper conidiogenous region to form a yellow-orange slimy
conidial mass. Conidiogenous region consisting of a series of
branches (up to 6), giving rise to lateral and terminal conidiogenous cells; branches subcylindrical, aseptate, hyaline, smooth,
9 –12 × 2 – 3 µm. Conidiogenous cells elongated ampulliform,
pale luteous, smooth, phialidic at apex, 1.5 µm diam, with short
collarette, 1– 2 µm long, 13 –16 × 2 – 3 µm. Conidia solitary,
smooth, aseptate, fusoid-ellipsoid in upper third, apex subobtuse, base truncate, 1 µm diam, (4–)5(–6) × (1.5–)2(–2.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, with
sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, even margin,
reaching 12 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface pale
luteous, reverse luteous. On PDA surface and reverse umber
in centre, pale luteous in outer region. On OA surface luteous
in centre, pale luteous in outer region.
Notes — The monotypic genus Eucalyptostroma was recently introduced for a hyphomycete occurring on Eucalyptus
leaves in Malaysia (Crous et al. 2016a). Eucalyptostroma
eucalyptorum which also occurs on Eucalyptus leaves, but in
Colombia, is distinguished by forming more synnematal conidiomata, and having slightly larger conidia than E. eucalypti
(3 – 4.5 × 2 µm). Eucalyptostroma is recognized on leaves by
forming slimy, yellow-orange conidial massed on either synnemata or sporodochia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Eucalyptostroma eucalypti (GenBank NR_154027.1;
Identities = 517/536 (96 %), 7 gaps (1 %)), Chaetosphaeria
myriocarpa (GenBank JF340253.1; Identities = 403/474 (85 %),
32 gaps (6 %)) and Codinaea pini (GenBank NR_137943.1;
Identities = 351/401 (88 %), 13 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Eucalyptostroma eucalypti (GenBank
KY173500.1; Identities = 806/818 (99 %), 3 gaps (0 %)), Pali
phora intermedia (GenBank EF204500.1; Identities = 790/827
(96 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Chaetosphaeria curvispora (GenBank
GU180636.1; Identities = 796/838 (95 %), no gaps).
Typus. ColomBia, Llanos, on leaves of Eucalyptus pellita (Myrtaceae),
July 2010, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-23582, culture ex-type CPC
31800 = CBS 144421, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH327802.1 and
MH327838.1, MycoBank MB825411).
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic Eucalyptus leaves; agar colony with
sporulation, synnemata, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10
µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute,
P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
354
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Oidiodendron eucalypti
355
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 766 – 13 July 2018
Oidiodendron eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Myxotrichaceae, Onygenales, Eurotiomy
cetes.
Conidiophores solitary, erect, flexuous, unbranched, with dry
conidial masses, 80 –160 × 2 – 2.5 µm, 4 – 6-septate. Fertile
hyphae developing in upper third of conidiophore, 2 – 2.5 µm
diam, dichotomously branched, fragmenting to form long chains
of up to 10 conidia in a dry conidiogenous head. Conidia thinwalled, subhyaline, subglobose to cylindrical, (2 –)3 – 4(– 5) ×
(1.5 –)2 µm, with asperulate perispore.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and even lobate margin, reaching 7 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface smokegrey, reverse umber with diffuse umber pigment.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Gnupa State Forest, on leaves
of Eucalyptus maidenii (Myrtaceae), 29 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype
CBS H-23579, culture ex-type CPC 32659 = CBS 144423, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MH327803.1 and MH327839.1, MycoBank MB825412).
Notes — The genus Oidiodendron, which commonly occurs
in soil and on plant litter, was treated by Rice & Currah (2005),
who provided keys to 23 species. Phylogenetically, O. eucalypti
is related to O. truncatum, from which it can be distinguished
based on its conidia. Conidia of O. truncatum are dark at maturity, barrel-shaped, truncate with distinct apical scars and
reticulate ornamentation, (2–)3.5(–5) × (1–)2.5(–3.5) μm (Rice
& Currah 2005).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Oidiodendron tenuissimum (GenBank AF307773.1;
Identities = 489/503 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)), Oidiodendron grise
um (GenBank AF062797.1; Identities = 495/510 (97 %), 1 gap
(0 %)) and Oidiodendron fuscum (GenBank NR_111035.1;
Identities = 495 /510 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Oidiodendron truncatum (GenBank
KF835845.1; Identities = 860 /877 (98 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Myxo
trichum deflexum (GenBank AY541491.1; Identities = 857/885
(97 %), no gaps) and Eremascus fertilis (GenBank HQ540515.1;
Identities = 807/ 838 (96 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus trees in Gnupa State Forest; conidiophores, conidiogenous cells with conidial chains, and conidia. Scale bars = 10
µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
356
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Lareunionomyces eucalypti
357
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 767 – 13 July 2018
Lareunionomyces eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Neolauriomycetaceae, Helotiales, Leotio
mycetes.
Conidiophores solitary, erect, dark brown, finely roughened
towards basal region, thick-walled, straight to slightly flexuous,
unbranched, subcylindrical, arising from superficial hyphae,
base lacking rhizoids, 60–160 × 5–6 µm, 2–7-septate. Conidio
genous region consisting of a penicillate series of branches. Primary branches brown, smooth, aseptate, subcylindrical to
clavate, 6 –15 × 4 – 5 µm. Secondary and tertiary branches
pale brown, subcylindrical, smooth, 6 – 8 × 2 – 3 µm, giving rise
to 1– 4 conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, 7– 20 × 2 – 3 µm; apex proliferating
inconspicuously percurrently, collarettes if present cylindrical,
inconspicuous. Conidia aggregating in mucoid mass, hyaline,
smooth, cylindrical, apex obtuse, base truncate, (3.5–)5–6(–7)
× 2(– 2.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
7 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
umber, reverse sienna to umber, with diffuse umber pigment
on OA.
Typus. aUStralia, Victoria, Drummer Forest, on leaves of Eucalyptus sp.
(Myrtaceae), 30 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23578, culture extype CPC 32621 = CBS 144424, ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences
GenBank MH327804.1, MH327840.1, MH327867.1, MH327878.1 and
MH327889.1, MycoBank MB825413).
Notes — The monotypic genus Lareunionomyces was established for a genus of hyphomycetes occurring on leaves of
Syzygium jambos in La Réunion (Crous et al. 2016b). Lareuni
onomyces eucalypti is allied to L. syzygii, but distinct from it
in that the latter species has shorter conidiophores, 50 –100 ×
5 – 8 µm, up to 8 series of branches in the conidiogenous head,
and smaller conidia, (3.5 –)4(– 5) × (1.5 –)2 µm (Crous et al.
2016b). For details on Neolauriomycetaceae see Neolaurio
myces eucalypti in Fungal Planet 768.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Lareunionomyces syzygii (GenBank NR_145315.1;
Identities = 529/542 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Neofabraea inae
qualis (GenBank NR_155470.1; Identities = 498/545 (91 %), 14
gaps (2 %)) and Phlyctema vagabunda (GenBank KT923789.1;
Identities = 497/ 546 (91 %), 17 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Lareunionomyces syzygii (GenBank
KX228338.1; Identities = 861/875 (98 %), no gaps), Exocha
lara longissima (GenBank HQ609476.1; Identities = 856/875
(98 %), no gaps) and Davidhawksworthia ilicicola (GenBank
KU728555.1; Identities = 847/884 (96 %), 10 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Tricho
derma cf. stilbohypoxyli (GenBank EU241502.1; Identities =
214/265 (81 %), 4 gaps (1 %)), Trichoderma hispanicum (GenBank JN715600.1; Identities = 212/265 (80 %), 4 gaps (1 %))
and Trichoderma paraviridescens (GenBank KT343762.1; Identities = 213 /267 (80 %), 4 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the
tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Acephala applanata
(GenBank DQ274571.1; Identities = 217/ 251 (86 %), 9 gaps
(3 %)), Ulocladium alternariae (GenBank AY375370.1; Identities
= 219/255 (86 %), 8 gaps (3 %)) and Cadophora viticola (GenBank HQ661081.1; Identities = 206/236 (87 %), 7 gaps (2 %)).
Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to
Amorphotheca resinae (GenBank XM_024862766.1; Identities
= 679 /776 (88 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Hymenoscyphus subsym
metricus (GenBank KJ472286.1; Identities = 651/ 743 (88 %),
4 gaps (0 %)) and Hymenoscyphus subpallescens (GenBank
KJ472284.1; Identities = 638/733 (87 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus trees at Drummer Forest; conidiophores
sporulating on SNA, showing conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
358
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Neolauriomyces eucalypti
359
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 768 – 13 July 2018
Neolauriomycetaceae Crous, fam. nov.
Classification — Neolauriomycetaceae, Helotiales, Leotio
mycetes.
Conidiophores solitary, erect, subcylindrical, straight, slightly
flexuous, unbranched, medium brown, smooth, septate, terminating in a phialide, or in a penicillate head: primary branches
subcylindrical to doliiform, medium brown, smooth. Secondary
branches doliiform to subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth,
giving rise to phialides. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, ampulliform, medium brown, smooth, including the apical collarette,
cylindrical, medium brown. Conidia occurring in chains, unbranched, hyaline, smooth-walled, cylindrical, aseptate, ends
truncate.
Type genus. Neolauriomyces Crous.
MycoBank MB825414.
Notes — The family Neolauriomycetaceae presently contains three genera, namely Exochalara, Lareunionomyces and
Neolauriomyces.
Neolauriomyces Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Named reflects a similarity to the genus Lauriomyces.
Conidiophores solitary, erect, subcylindrical, straight, slightly
flexuous, unbranched, medium brown, smooth, septate. Coni
diogenous head penicillate, primary branches subcylindrical to
doliiform, medium brown, smooth. Secondary branches doliiform to subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth, giving rise to 1–2
phialides. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, ampulliform, medium
brown, smooth, including the apical collarette, cylindrical, medium brown. Conidia occurring in long dry chains, unbranched,
hyaline, smooth-walled, cylindrical, aseptate, ends truncate.
Type species. Neolauriomyces eucalypti Crous.
MycoBank MB825415.
Neolauriomyces eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Conidiophores solitary, erect, subcylindrical, straight, slightly
flexuous, unbranched, medium brown, smooth, 4–8-septate,
40–120 × 5–6 µm. Conidiogenous head penicillate, primary
branches subcylindrical to doliiform, medium brown, smooth,
4–6 × 4–5 µm. Secondary branches doliiform to subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth, 3–5 × 4–5 µm, giving rise to 1–2
phialides. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, ampulliform, medium
brown, smooth, 10–14 × 3–5 µm, including the apical collarette,
cylindrical, medium brown, 4–7 × 1.5–2 µm. Conidia occurring
in long dry chains (20–40), unbranched, hyaline, smooth-walled,
cylindrical, aseptate, ends truncate, 4(–5) × 1.5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 12 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA
surface and reverse umber.
Typus. aUStralia, Victoria, Drummer Forest, on leaves of Eucalyptus sp.
(Myrtaceae), 30 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23577, culture extype CPC 32623 = CBS 144425, ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences
GenBank MH327805.1, MH327841.1, MH327868.1, MH327879.1 and
MH327890.1, MycoBank MB825416).
Additional material examined. aUStralia, New South Wales, Nullica State
Forest, on Eucalyptus leaf litter (Myrtaceae), 29 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous, CPC
32613, ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MH327806.1,
MH327842.1, MH327869.1, MH327880.1 and MH327891.1.
Notes — Although Neolauriomyces resembles Lauriomyces
morphologically (Crous et al. 2009), the genus Neolauriomyces
is phylogenetically related to Exochalara and Lareuniono
myces. Exochalara is quite distinct from Neolauriomyces in
having solitary conidiophores with percurrent proliferation that
terminate in a phialide giving rise to chains of conidia (Gams &
Holubová-Jechová 1976). Neolauriomyces is also distinct from
Lareunionomyces because its phialides are widely dispersed
(not densely aggregated) and have prominently ampulliform
phialides with long collarettes. Based on the tef1 and tub2
sequences, the two isolates of Neolauriomyces eucalypti considered in this study might actually represent two cryptic species
but additional strains are required to resolve this question.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Lareunionomyces syzygii (GenBank NR_145315.1;
Identities = 521/543 (96 %), 7 gaps (1 %)), Neofabraea inae
qualis (GenBank NR_155470.1; Identities = 496/545 (91 %),
13 gaps (2 %)) and Pseudofabraea citricarpa (GenBank
NR_154319.1; Identities = 491/539 (91 %), 14 gaps (2 %)).
The ITS sequences of CPC 32613 and 32623 are identical
(539/539). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Exochalara
longissima (GenBank HQ609476.1; Identities = 857/875 (98 %),
no gaps), Lareunionomyces syzygii (GenBank KX228338.1;
Identities = 846/875 (97 %), no gaps) and Davidhawksworthia
ilicicola (GenBank KU728555.1; Identities = 852/884 (96 %),
10 gaps (1 %)). The LSU sequences of CPC 32613 and 32623
are identical (875/875).
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic Eucalyptus leaves; conidiophores
sporulating on SNA, conidiogenous cells and long conidial chains. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
360
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Nullicamyces eucalypti
361
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 769 – 13 July 2018
Nullicamyces Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Nullica State Forest, Australia, where this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Chaetothyriaceae, Chaetothyriales, Euro
tiomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, branched, septate
hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells on
hyphae. Pseudocercospora-like morph: Conidiogenous cells
inconspicuous on hyphae, not thickened nor darkened. Conidia
solitary, long flexuous, obclavate, apex obtuse, base obconically
truncate, multiseptate, pale brown, smooth; frequently giving
rise to secondary conidia via microcyclic conidiation. Matsushimaea-like morph: Conidiogenous cells reduced to loci on
hyphae, inconspicuous. Conidia solitary, pale brown, smooth,
initial cell ellipsoid, aseptate, forming acropetal chains of conidia that bud irregularly; conidia appearing star-shaped with
radiating arms of ellipsoid cells all linked to the basal, initial cell.
Type species. Nullicamyces eucalypti Crous.
MycoBank MB825417.
Nullicamyces eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, branched, septate, 2 – 2.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells on hyphae. Pseudocercospora-like morph:
Conidiogenous cells inconspicuous on hyphae, 2 – 3 µm diam,
not thickened nor darkened. Conidia solitary, long flexuous, obclavate, apex obtuse, base obconically truncate, multiseptate,
pale brown, smooth, 25–150 × 2–3 µm; frequently giving rise to
secondary conidia via microcyclic conidiation. Matsushimaealike morph: Conidiogenous cells reduced to loci on hyphae,
inconspicuous, 2 – 3 µm diam. Conidia solitary, pale brown,
smooth, initial cell ellipsoid, aseptate, forming acropetal chains
of conidia that bud irregularly; conidia appearing star-shaped
with radiating arms of ellipsoid cells all linked to the basal, initial
cell; cells 5 –12 × 2.5– 5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and feathery margin, reaching 4 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface grey
olivaceous, and reverse olivaceous grey.
Notes — Nullicamyces is a new genus in the Chaetothy
riaceae that is unique due to the fact that it is dimorphic, forming matsushimaea-like and pseudocercospora-like morphs in
culture.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Chaetothyrium brischoficola (GenBank NR_132849.1;
Identities = 432/496 (87 %), 29 gaps (5 %)), Aphanophora eu
geniae (GenBank NR_132829; Identities = 523/602 (87 %), 36
gaps (5 %)) and Ceramothyrium ficus (GenBank NR_154800.1;
Identities = 469/543 (86 %), 28 gaps (5 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Ceramothyrium podocarpi (GenBank
NG_042751.1; Identities = 785/ 818 (96 %), 2 gaps (0 %)),
Ceramothyrium carniolicum (GenBank KC455251.1; Identities =
783/818 (96 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Ceramothyrium thailandicum
(GenBank KP324930.1; Identities = 781/818 (95 %), no gaps).
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Nullica State Forest, on Eucalyptus
leaf litter (Myrtaceae), 29 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23576,
culture ex-type CPC 32942 = CBS 144426, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH327807.1 and MH327843.1, MycoBank MB825418).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus trees at Nullica State Forest; dimorphic
conidiophores, with matsushimaea-like conidia at the top, and long, slender
pseudocercospora-like conidia at the bottom. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
362
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Porodiplodia livistonae
363
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 770 – 13 July 2018
Porodiplodiaceae Crous, fam. nov.
Classification — Porodiplodiaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomy
cetes.
Conidiomata eustromatic, uni- to multilocular, brown, globose,
aggregated on agar, ostiolate, or hyphomycetous, forming
clusters of conidiophores. Conidiophores lining inner cavity of
conidioma, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, branched, septate,
proliferating percurrently near apex, or occurring in clusters on
hyphae, septate, subcylindrical, with upper cells pigmented;
conidiogenous cells proliferating percurrently, or phialidic, with
prominent collarettes. Conidia in chains, fusoid-ellipsoid to
subcylindrical, hyaline to medium brown, smooth to finely verruculose, guttulate, 0 –1-septate.
Type genus. Porodiplodia Crous.
MycoBank MB825419.
Notes — The family Porodiplodiaceae presently contains
two genera, namely Porodiplodia and a chalara-like fungus,
Chalara clidemiae (see Crous et al. 2016b), as well as a strain
identified as Chalara africana (OC0018).
Porodiplodia Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to a morphological similarity to the genus Diplo
dia, but with conidia having a minute basal pore in the hilum.
Conidiomata eustromatic, uni- to multilocular, brown, globose,
aggregated on agar, ostiolate. Conidiophores lining inner cavity,
subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, branched, septate, proliferating
percurrently near apex. Paraphyses intermingled among conidiophores, hyaline, smooth, septate, subcylindrical with obtuse
ends. Conidia in short chains (–3), fusoid-ellipsoid to subcylindrical, medium brown, finely verruculose, guttulate, thick-walled,
1-septate, apex obtuse (at times with central pore), base truncate
with central pore, 2 µm diam.
Type species. Porodiplodia livistonae Crous.
MycoBank MB825420.
Porodiplodia livistonae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the host genus Livistona from which it was
isolated.
Conidiomata eustrommatic, uni- to multilocular, brown, globose,
180–250 µm, aggregated on agar, ostiolate. Conidiophores
lining inner cavity, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, 1–3-septate, 15 – 25 × 2.5 – 3.5 µm, proliferating percurrently near
apex. Paraphyses intermingled among conidiophores, hyaline,
smooth, septate, subcylindrical with obtuse ends, 25–35 × 3–4
µm. Conidia in short chains (–3), fusoid-ellipsoid to subcylindrical, medium brown, finely verruculose, guttulate, thick-walled,
1-septate, apex obtuse, base truncate with central pore, 2 µm
diam, (14–)15–17(–20) × 5(–6) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
17 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface cinnamon to
buff, reverse sienna. On PDA surface saffron, reverse cinnamon.
On OA surface cinnamon, with diffuse cinnamon pigment.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Murramarang National Park, on
leaves of Livistona australis (Arecaceae), 27 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype
CBS H-23574, culture ex-type CPC 32154 = CBS 144428, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MH327809.1 and MH327845.1, MycoBank MB825421).
Notes — A genus that should be compared to Porodiplodia
is the monotypic genus Hendersonina, based on H. sacchari.
Hendersonina sacchari is a fungus that has been implicated
with collar rot of sugarcane, though it is accepted to be of minor
importance (Nyvall 2013). The morphology of the monotypic
genus Hendersonina has remained somewhat confused. Sutton
Colour illustrations. Livistona australis at Murramarang National Park;
conidiomata sporulating on PDA (scale bar = 250 µm), conidiogenous cells
and conidia (scale bars = 10 µm).
(1980) described the conidiomata as eustromatic, but showed
conidia as being fusoid to somewhat cylindrical, 1-septate,
with a dark, thickened scar at each end (conidia from different
specimens given as 21– 28 × 5.5 – 9.5 µm, 19 – 29 × 4 – 5 µm,
17– 24 × 4 – 5 µm). The conidiogenesis was described and illustrated as (not observed in original material) enteroblastic,
phialidic, with prominent periclinal thickening. The matter was
further confused in that Butler & Khan (1913) also referred to
hyaline, aseptate secondary conidia.
The two species of Porodiplodia studied here in culture are
characterised by eustromatic conidiomata, and conidia occurring in short chains. Although a pore was observed at both ends
in several conidia, this was rather uncommon. They were never
thickened and darkened, and were found only in secondary
and tertiary conidia. Porodiplodia differs from Hendersonina
due to its branched conidiophores, conidia lacking scars, and
being conspicuously 1-septate (septa in Hendersonina are thinwalled). It differs from other genera allied to Diplodia (Phillips et
al. 2013, Yang et al. 2017) in having conidia occurring in short
chains, with visible central pores in their hila.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Chalara clidemiae (GenBank NR_145313.1;
Identities = 521/540 (96 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Mollisia caespiticia
(GenBank KY965813.1; Identities = 496 /531 (93 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)) and Pezizella discreta (GenBank JF908571.1; Identities
= 509 /550 (93 %), 3 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU
sequence are Chalara clidemiae (GenBank KX228321.1; Identities = 864/871 (99 %), no gaps), Chalara africana (GenBank
FJ176249.1; Identities = 840 /855 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and
Urceolella crispula (GenBank JN086682.1; Identities = 859/892
(96 %), 1 gap (0 %)).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
364
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Tracylla eucalypti
365
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 771 – 13 July 2018
Tracyllalales Crous, ord. nov.
MycoBank MB825422.
Tracyllaceae Crous, fam. nov.
Classification — Tracyllaceae, Tracyllalales, Sordariomy
cetes.
Pycnothyria superficial on leaves, round, brown, with central column of cells; ostiole lacking, margin of catenate, darker brown
cells. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells arising
from a central columella, doliiform to ellipsoid, hyaline, smooth,
with a single conidiogenous locus, phialidic. Conidia solitary,
hyaline, aseptate, smooth, guttulate, falcate to naviculate or
ellipsoid, apex subobtusely rounded, base truncate; with or without unbranched polar appendages, not delimited by septa.
Type genus. Tracylla (Sacc.) Tassi.
MycoBank MB825423.
Notes — Tracyllalales presently only includes Tracylla.
Tracylla eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Pycnothyria superficial on leaves, round, brown, surface of tex
tura epidermoidea, 50 – 80 µm diam; ostiole lacking, margin
of catenate, darker brown cells. Conidiophores reduced to
conidiogenous cells arising from a central columella, doliiform
to ellipsoid, with a single conidiogenous locus, phialidic, 4 – 5 ×
3 – 4 µm. Conidia solitary, hyaline, aseptate, smooth, guttulate,
falcate, apex subobtusely rounded, base truncate, 1–1.5 µm
diam, (12 –)17–19(– 20) × (2.5–)3 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and feathery margin, reaching 60 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface olivaceous grey to leaden black, forming long ropes of ellipsoid,
brown, smooth chlamydospores. Cultures sterile.
Typus. ColomBia, Cali, on leaves of Eucalyptus urophylla (Myrtaceae),
July 2010, M.J. Wingfield (holotype CBS H-23573, culture ex-type CPC
31806 = CBS 144429, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH327810.1 and
MH327846.1, MycoBank MB825424).
Additional material examined. ColomBia, Cali, on leaves of Eucalyptus
urophylla (Myrtaceae), July 2010, M.J. Wingfield, CPC 31777 = CBS 144430,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH327811.1 and MH327847.1.
Notes — The genus Tracylla (based on T. spartinae, occurring on Spartina patens, and several other grasses) was considered by Hernández-Restrepo et al. (2016b). Tracylla eucalypti,
which lacks conidial appendages, clusters with T. aristata, which
was originally described from Eucalyptus leaf litter collected in
Australia (Nag Raj 1993). By adding the present collection to
the genus, we expand the circumscription of Tracylla to include
taxa lacking conidial appendages. Unfortunately, cultures of
T. eucalypti were sterile, and the conidiomatal development
could not be fully elucidated.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
31777 had highest similarity to Tracylla aristata (GenBank
NR_154519.1; Identities = 533/575 (93 %), 15 gaps (2 %)). The
ITS sequences of CPC 31777 and CPC 31806 were identical
(565 /565). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Tracylla
aristata (GenBank KX306795.1; Identities = 825/835 (99 %), no
gaps), Rhexodenticula cylindrospora (GenBank KM485039.1;
Identities = 815/866 (94 %), no gaps) and Coniochaetidium
savoryi (GenBank AY346276.1; Identities = 837/891 (94 %),
no gaps). The LSU sequences of CPC 31777 and CPC 31806
were identical (817/ 817).
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Eucalyptus urophylla; conidioma, conidiogenous cells in vivo (top right), chlamydospore-like cells in
vitro (lower left) and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
366
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Elsinoë elaeocarpi
367
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 772 – 13 July 2018
Elsinoë elaeocarpi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Elaeocarpus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Elsinoaceae, Myriangiales, Dothideomy
cetes.
Leaf spots primarily epiphyllous, irregular in outline, 1– 3 mm
diam, grey with feathery, dark brown border, containing brown
to black ascomata. Ascomata round to ellipsoid, 150 – 250 µm
diam. Asci obovoid, hyaline, smooth, bitunicate, 30–55 × 20–25
µm, 8-spored, with well-defined apical chamber, 4–5 µm diam.
Ascospores hyaline, smooth, fusoid-ellipsoid, constricted at
median septum, widest just above septum with 5–7 transverse
and 3 – 4 vertical septa, (22 –)25 – 28 × (6–)7(– 8) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 5 –7 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA
surface and reverse iron-grey.
Typus. aUStralia, Victoria, close to Eden, on leaves of Elaeocarpus sp.
(Elaeocarpaceae), 29 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23572, culture
ex-type CPC 32853 = CBS 144431, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences GenBank
MH327812.1, MH327848.1 and MH327870.1, MycoBank MB825425).
Notes — The genus Elsinoë was recently treated by Fan et
al. (2017), providing an overview phylogeny for the majority of
the species presently known from culture. Elsinoë elaeocarpi
is phylogenetically allied to E. banksiigena (see Fungal Planet
782) and E. eucalyptigena (both only known from Australia), and
represents a phylogenetically distinct taxon on Elaeocarpus.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Elsinoë verbenae (GenBank KX887299.1;
Identities = 439 /532 (83 %), 37 gaps (6 %)), Elsinoë fawcettii
(GenBank KF010881.1; Identities = 439 /533 (82 %), 43 gaps
(8 %)) and Elsinoë tiliae (GenBank KX887296.1; Identities =
435 /530 (82 %), 35 gaps (6 %)). Closest hits using the LSU
sequence are Elsinoë fawcettii (GenBank JN940382.1; Identities = 686 /730 (94 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Sphaceloma erythrinae
(GenBank JN940392.1; Identities = 686 /731 (94 %), 3 gaps
(0 %)) and Elsinoë eucalypticola (GenBank GQ303306.1;
Identities = 685/ 730 (94 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using
the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Myriangium his
panicum (GenBank GU371744.1; Identities = 771/1 045 (74 %),
4 gaps (0 %)), Mendogia macrostroma (GenBank KU940162.1;
Identities = 767/1 047 (73 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and Strangospora
pinicola (GenBank AY641080.1; Identities = 761/1 046 (73 %),
6 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Forest in Victoria, close to Eden; foliar lesion on
Elaeocarpus sp., asci with ascospores (in vivo). Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
368
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Idriellomyces eucalypti
369
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 773 – 13 July 2018
Idriellomyces Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects a similarity to the genus Idriella.
Classification — Phlogicylindriaceae, Xylariales, Sordario
mycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline to olivaceous, smooth, septate,
branched hyphae. Conidiophores arising from superficial mycelium, brown, smooth, septate, branched, aggregated into
thick, erect synnemata, consisting of branched conidiophores
with apical and intercalary conidiogenous cells; lateral conidiophores arising from synnemata, septate. Conidiogenous cells
medium brown, smooth, subcylindrical with apical taper to a
rachis containing several darkened scars. Conidia aseptate,
solitary, dry, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, fusoid, apex subobtuse,
base truncate.
Type species. Idriellomyces eucalypti Crous.
MycoBank MB825426.
Idriellomyces eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline to olivaceous, smooth, septate,
branched hyphae, 1.5–2 µm diam. Conidiophores arising from
superficial mycelium, brown, smooth, septate, branched, aggregated into thick, erect synnemata, up to 200 µm tall and 60 µm
diam, consisting of branched conidiophores with apical and intercalary conidiogenous cells; lateral conidiophores arising from
synnemata, 15 – 40 × 2 – 2.5 µm, 1– 3-septate. Conidiogenous
cells medium brown, smooth, subcylindrical with apical taper to
a rachis containing several darkened scars, 0.5 µm diam, 8–20
× 2 – 2.5 µm. Conidia aseptate, solitary, dry, hyaline, smooth,
guttulate, fusoid, apex subobtuse, base truncate, 0.5 µm diam,
(5 –)6.5 –7(– 8) × 1.5(– 2) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and even, smooth margin, reaching
12 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and reverse
umber. On PDA surface sepia, reverse isabelline. On OA surface cinnamon with patches of sienna.
Typus. aUStralia, Victoria, Silvan Reservoir Park, on leaves of Eucalyptus
obliqua (Myrtaceae), 1 Dec. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23571, culture ex-type CPC 32632 = CBS 144432, ITS, LSU, tef1 and tub2 sequences
GenBank MH327813.1, MH327849.1, MH327881.1 and MH327893.1, MycoBank MB825427).
Notes — The genus Idriella (based on I. lunata) was treated
by Hernández-Restrepo et al. (2016a) and shown to reside in
the Microdochiaceae. The genus Idriellomyces is somewhat
similar to Idriella in morphology, but represents a distinct genus
in the family. Idriellomyces is morphologically distinct in that
it lacks chlamydospores, conidiophores are pigmented and
frequently aggregated in synnemata.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Cylindrium elongatum (GenBank KM231853.1;
Identities = 457/540 (85 %), 37 gaps (6 %)), Neopestalotiopsis
piceana (GenBank KM199372.1; Identities = 464/549 (85 %),
37 gaps (6 %)) and Neopestalotiopsis aotearoa (GenBank
KM199369.1; Identities = 464/549 (85 %), 37 gaps (6 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Castanediella cag
nizarii (GenBank KP858988.1; Identities = 818 /849 (96 %), 1
gap (0 %)), Anungitea eucalyptorum (GenBank KJ869176.1;
Identities = 853/886 (96 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Pseudophloeo
spora eucalypti (GenBank HQ599593.1; Identities = 832/866
(96 %), 5 gaps (0 %)). No significant hits were obtained when
the tef1 and tub2 sequences were used in BLASTn and megablast searches.
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus obliqua trees at Silvan Reservoir Park;
synnema on SNA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
370
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Cyanodermella banksiae
371
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 774 – 13 July 2018
Cyanodermella banksiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Banksia, the host genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Stictidaceae, Ostropales, Lecanoromycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate,
2–3 µm diam hyphae, immersed, forming a hyaline stroma that
gives rise to brown, erect, cylindrical to slightly obpyriform ascomata (circular in outline), brown, with single locule, 150–300
× 250–300 µm; wall of crustose, medium brown cells with dark
brown exudate. Asci intermingled among hyaline, smooth,
septate hypha-like paraphyses, 1.5 µm diam. Asci unitunicate,
cylindrical with apical mechanism, stipitate, 130–150 × 8–10 µm.
Ascospores parallel in ascus, twisted, number undetermined,
hyaline to olivaceous, smooth, guttulate, cylindrical, ends obtuse to subobtuse, multiseptate, and breaking into part-spores,
each section (12 –16 × 2.5 – 3 µm) containing 3 septa, with
age disarticulating into aseptate phragmospores, 5–6 × 3 µm.
Sterile in culture.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and even, smooth margin, reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA
surface pale luteous to buff, and reverse sienna.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Australian Botanical Garden Mount
Annan, on leaves of Banksia ericifolia subsp. macrantha (Proteaceae),
25 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23570, culture ex-type CPC
32105 = CBS 144433, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences GenBank MH327814.1,
MH327850.1 and MH327871.1, MycoBank MB825428).
Notes — The sexual morph of Cyanodermella (based on
C. viridula) forms erumpent, subconical ascocarps, the upper
parts of which are covered in a grainy white-‘mealy’ substance.
Asci are numerous, thin-walled, cylindrical, gradually tapering
towards base. Ascospores are parallel, spirally twisted, filiform,
multiseptate, c. 1 µm diam, and paraphyses are sparse (Eriksson 1967). The present collection clusters basal to species
identified as Cyanodermella, and is consequently placed in
this genus, as it is also morphologically similar to other taxa
presently accommodated in Cyanodermella. Based on Van
Nieuwenhuijzen et al. (2016), Cyanodermella could have
phoma-like asexual morphs, although cultures of C. banksiae
were sterile and this could not be confirmed.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Cyanodermella asteris (GenBank KT758843.1;
Identities = 492/587 (84 %), 23 gaps (3 %)), Cyanodermella
oleoligni (GenBank NR_153930.1; Identities = 346/406 (85 %),
11 gaps (2 %)) and Xylographa septentrionalis (GenBank
KJ462316.1; Identities = 307/356 (86 %), 13 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Cyanodermella asteris
(GenBank KT758843.1; Identities = 799/846 (94 %), 4 gaps
(0 %)), Cyanodermella oleoligni (GenBank KX950461.1;
Identities = 763/833 (92 %), 10 gaps (1 %)) and Micropeltis
zingiberacicola (GenBank JQ036227.1; Identities = 749/825
(91 %), 6 gaps (0 %)). No significant hits were obtained when
the rpb2 sequence was used in a megablast search; however,
a BLASTn search yielded as best hits Cyanodermella asteris
(GenBank KU934214.1; Identities = 635/872 (73 %), 10 gaps
(1 %)) and Cyanodermella viridula (GenBank HM244792.1;
Identities = 626/877 (71 %), 29 gaps (3 %)).
Colour illustrations. Banksia ericifolia subsp. macrantha at Australian
Botanical Garden Mount Annan; ascomata (in vivo) (scale bars = 300 µm),
asci and ascospores (scale bars = 10 µm).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
372
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Periconia cyperacearum
& Paracladophialophora cyperacearum
373
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 775 & 776 – 13 July 2018
Periconia cyperacearum Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Cyperaceae, the host family from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Periconiaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomy
cetes.
Conidiophores solitary, erect, subcylindrical, unbranched with
branches in conidiogenous head bearing a cluster of dry conidia; thick-walled (1–2 µm diam), dark brown, finely roughened,
septa 40 – 60 µm apart, base bulbous, 12 – 25 µm diam, stipe
150–350 µm tall (with percurrent rejuvenation), 10–13 µm diam.
Conidiogenous head penicillate, primary branches dark brown,
subcylindrical to doliiform, curved to straight, thick-walled, finely
roughened, 0 –1-septate, (10 –)14 –18(– 22) × (6 –)8 –10(–12)
µm, giving rise to 1– 3 secondary branches, aseptate, doliiform
to subcylindrical, medium brown, finely roughened, 8 –12 ×
6 –7 µm; tertiary branches aseptate, doliiform to subcylindrical,
medium brown, finely roughened, 5 –7 × 5 – 6 µm, giving rise
to monoblastic (rarely polyblastic) phialides, doliiform to ellipsoid, pale to medium brown, finely roughened, 5 – 6 × 3 – 4 µm.
Conidia occurring in short, unbranched chains (– 6), aseptate,
ellipsoid to subcylindrical, medium brown, verruculose, thickwalled, (6 –)7– 9(–12) × (4.5–)5 – 6(–7) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and even, lobate margin, reaching 12 mm diam on PDA, and 35 mm diam on MEA and OA
after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface dirty white to buff, reverse
cinnamon. On PDA surface buff, reverse isabelline. On OA
surface isabelline with patches of dirty white.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Fitzroy Falls, Morton National Park,
on leaves of Cyperaceae, 26 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23569,
culture ex-type CPC 32138 = CBS 144434, ITS, LSU and tef1 sequences GenBank MH327815.1, MH327851.1 and MH327882.1, MycoBank MB825429).
Notes — The genus Periconia is paraphyletic and is in urgent
need of revision. For the present however, we will treat this
collection as part of Periconia s.lat. Periconia cyperacearum
is phylogenetically distinct from all species presently known
based on their DNA sequence data, being allied to P. cookei and
P. homothallica (Tanaka et al. 2015). Using the key provided by
Ellis (1971) it is easily distinguished from other species based
on the number of conidiophore branches as well as the shape,
ornamentation and conidial dimensions.
Paracladophialophoraceae Crous, fam. nov.
Classification — Paracladophialophoraceae, Chaetothyri
ales, Eurotiomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, septate, branched,
hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells on
hyphae, pale brown, smooth, subcylindrical, proliferating sympodially. Conidia pale brown, smooth, guttulate, fusoid-ellipsoid
to subcylindrical, aseptate, occurring in branched chains; hila
not thickened nor darkened.
Type genus. Paracladophialophora Crous.
MycoBank MB825430.
Notes — Paracladophialophoraceae, which presently only
includes the type genus, is allied to Cyphellophoraceae, which
is distinct in having solitary conidia arising from phialides and
aggregating in a mucoid droplet.
Paracladophialophora cyperacearum Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Cyperaceae, the host family from which this
fungus was collected.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, septate, branched,
2.5 – 3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells on hyphae, pale brown, smooth, subcylindrical,
5–10 × 2.5–3 µm, proliferating sympodially. Conidia pale brown,
smooth, guttulate, fusoid-ellipsoid to subcylindrical, aseptate,
occurring in branched chains (–20); ramoconidia 8–10 × 2–2.5
µm; conidia 4 – 9 × (1.5 –)2(– 2.5) µm; hila not thickened nor
darkened.
Colour illustrations. Cyperaceae at Fitzroy Falls, Morton National Park;
Periconia cyperacearum (left column), conidiophores, in vivo (top), and in vitro
(bottom). Paracladophialophora cyperacearum (right column), conidiophores
sporulating on SNA, with conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10
µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
5 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
and reverse olivaceous grey.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Fitzroy Falls, Morton National
Park, on leaves of Cyperaceae, 26 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS
H-23575, culture ex-type CPC 33046 = CBS 144427, ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences GenBank MH327808.1, MH327844.1 and MH327892.1, MycoBank
MB825431).
Notes — The monotypic genus Paracladophialophora was
established for P. carceris (on leaves of Aloe sp., collected in the
prison courtyard on Robben Island, South Africa). Paraclado
phialophora cyperacearum is allied to P. carceris, but distinct
in that the latter species has well-defined conidiophores, and
longer ramoconidia (0–3-septate, (7–)9–15(–17) × (2–)2.5(–3)
µm), and conidia ((6 –)7– 8 × (2.5 –)3 µm; Crous et al. 2016a).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
374
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Teratosphaeria sieberi
375
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 777 – 13 July 2018
Teratosphaeria sieberi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus sieberi, the species from which
this fungus was collected.
Classification — Teratosphaeriaceae, Capnodiales, Dothi
deomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale to medium brown, septate, branched, 3–5 µm diam hyphae. Hyphal aggregates forming stromata
which resembles brown sporodochia, up to 100 µm diam, with
conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous loci direct on hyphae,
1–1.5 µm diam. Conidia solitary, ellipsoid, apex subobtuse, base
truncate, aseptate, hyaline to pale brown, smooth, (4 –)6 –7 ×
(2.5 –)3 µm; aggregating in brown, slimy masses.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobed margin,
reaching 10 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
smoke grey, reverse ochreous to umber. On PDA surface
smoke grey, reverse scarlet with diffuse pigment. On OA surface
olivaceous grey, with diffuse scarlet pigment.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Barron Ground Nature Reserve, on
leaves of Eucalyptus sieberi (Myrtaceae), 26 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype
CBS 144443, culture ex-type CPC 32099 = CBS 144443, ITS, LSU and
rpb2 sequences GenBank MH327816.1, MH327852.1 and MH327872.1,
MycoBank MB825432).
Notes — The Teratosphaeriaceae, which was recently revised by Quaedvlieg et al. (2014), includes numerous foliar
pathogens of eucalypts (Hunter et al. 2011). Teratosphaeria
sieberi is phylogenetically related to T. mareebensis (on leaves
of Eucalyptus alba, Queensland), which is morphologically
similar, but distinct from that species in having larger conidia
(5 – 9 × 2– 4 μm; Crous et al. 2011a).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Pleuropassalora armatae (GenBank GU214640.1;
Identities = 523/530 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Teratosphaeria
considenianae (GenBank GQ852792.1; Identities = 522/530
(98 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Teratosphaeria miniata (GenBank
GQ852803.1; Identities = 518/529 (98 %), no gaps). Closest
hits using the LSU sequence are Teratosphaeria mareebensis
(GenBank JF951169.1; Identities = 864/866 (99 %), no gaps),
Teratosphaeria complicata (GenBank GQ852714.1; Identities = 840 /843 (99 %), no gaps) and Teratosphaeria hortaea
(GenBank FJ790299.1; Identities = 847/ 852 (99 %), no gaps).
Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to
Teratosphaeria molleriana (GenBank KX348104.1; Identities
= 778/880 (88 %), no gaps), Teratosphaeria stellenboschiana
(GenBank MF951743.1; Identities = 817/ 929 (88 %), no gaps)
and Teratosphaeria gauchensis (GenBank KX348103.1; Identities = 789 /900 (88 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus trees at Barron Ground Nature Reserve;
conidiomata sporulating on SNA, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
376
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Sporidesmium melaleucae
377
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 778 – 13 July 2018
Sporidesmiales Crous, ord. nov.
Classification — Sporidesmiaceae, Sporidesmiales, Sorda
riomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate
hyphae, immersed or superficial. Conidiophores solitary or in
clusters, erect, subcylindrical, unbranched, dark brown, septate. Conidiogenous cells terminal, medium brown, smooth,
subcylindrical, holoblastic. Conidia dry, solitary, medium brown,
smooth, obclavate to cylindrical or fusoid, straight to flexuous,
apex obtuse, base obconically truncate, distoseptate.
Type family. Sporidesmiaceae Fr.
Type genus. Sporidesmium Link.
MycoBank MB 825433.
Notes — The order Sporidesmiales presently only contains
the genus Sporidesmium.
Sporidesmium melaleucae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Melaleuca, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate,
2 – 3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary or in clusters,
erect, subcylindrical, dark brown, 1– 2-septate, 12 – 30 × 4–6
µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, medium brown, smooth,
subcylindrical, holoblastic, 5 – 20 × 4 – 5 µm. Conidia solitary,
medium brown, smooth, obclavate, straight to flexuous, apex
obtuse, base obconically truncate, 3.5–4 µm diam, 5–21-distoseptate, (45 –)80 –130(–170) × (8–)9 –10(–11) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, with sparse
aerial mycelium and even lobate margin, reaching 10 mm diam
after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA and PDA surface pale luteous,
reverse luteous. On OA surface umber.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Tulaswalla Creek, on Melaleuca sp.
(Myrtaceae), 27 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23567, culture ex-type
CPC 32707 = CBS 144435, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH327817.1
and MH327853.1, MycoBank MB825434).
Additional material examined. aUStralia, New South Wales, Tulaswalla
Creek, on Melaleuca sp. (Myrtaceae), 27 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous, CPC 32936,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH327818.1 and MH327854.1.
Notes — The genera Sporidesmium and Ellisembia are morphologically similar (Réblová 1999), and we choose to use the
older name, Sporidesmium. Phylogenetically, S. melaleucae
is allied to E. bambusicola, which has obclavate to ellipsoid
conidia, 9 –11-distoseptate, 40 – 55 × 10 –12 µm. Morphologically, S. melaleucae is also similar to E. bambusicola, although
it has much longer conidiophores (2 – 4-septate, 50 –100 × 4 –7
µm), and smaller conidia (60 –130 × 13 –15 µm) (Wu & Zhuang
2005).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
32707 had highest similarity to Cataractispora appendiculata
(GenBank KU975063.1; Identities = 322/379 (85 %), 18 gaps
(4 %)), Submersisphaeria aquatica (GenBank KU975067.1;
Identities = 477/583 (82 %), 30 gaps (5 %)) and Pseudopro
boscispora caudaesuis (GenBank KU975068.1; Identities =
481/589 (82 %), 37 gaps (6 %)). The ITS sequences of CPC
32707 and CPC 32936 differed with 1 nucleotide (564/565).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Ellisembia bambu
sicola (GenBank DQ408562.1; Identities = 809/822 (98 %),
no gaps), Fluminicola thailandensis (GenBank MF374368.1;
Identities = 780 /829 (94 %), 7 gaps (0 %)) and Fluminicola
saprotrophitica (GenBank MF374367.1; Identities = 769 /818
(94 %), 7 gaps (0 %)). The LSU sequences of CPC 32707 and
CPC 32936 differed with 1 nucleotide (842/843).
Colour illustrations. Tulaswalla Creek; conidiophores, conidiogenous cells
and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
378
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Discosia macrozamiae
379
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 779 – 13 July 2018
Discosia macrozamiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Macrozamia, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Sporocadaceae, Amphisphaeriales, Sorda
riomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, erumpent, subglobose to lenticular, unilocular, dark brown, to 250 µm diam; wall of polyclonal brown
cells. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical to ampulliform, 0–2-septate, rarely branched at base,
7–15 × 2.5–3 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated,
hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, 5 –7 × 2 – 2.5 µm; proliferating inconspicuously percurrently at apex. Conidia cylindrical,
3-septate, pale brown, smooth with appendage at both ends,
(25–)30–32(–35) × (2.5–)3 µm; basal cell 6–7 µm long, obconic
with truncate hilum; second cell from base (9 –)10 –11(–12)
µm long; third cell 4–5 µm long, with obtusely rounded apex.
Appendages cellular, unbranched, filiform, excentric; apical
appendage 7–11 µm long; basal appendage 10–16 µm long.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium, covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C.
On MEA, PDA and OA surface olivaceous grey, and reverse
iron-grey.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Australian Botanical Garden Mount
Annan, on leaves of Macrozamia miquelii (Zamiaceae), 25 Nov. 2016, P.W.
Crous (holotype CBS H-23593, culture ex-type CPC 32113 = CBS 144436,
ITS, LSU, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MH327819.1, MH327855.1,
MH327883.1 and MH327894.1, MycoBank MB825435).
Additional material examined. aUStralia, New South Wales, Australian Botanical Garden Mount Annan, on leaves of Macrozamia miquelii,
CPC 32109 = CBS 144437, ITS, LSU, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank
MH327820.1, MH327856.1, MH327884.1 and MH327895.1.
Notes — In a phylogenetic treatment of Discosia, Tanaka et
al. (2011) established genera for former ‘sections’ of the genus,
recognizing Adisciso (Discosia spp. with a sexual morph), and
Immersidiscosia (species occurring on Eucalyptus). Following
the ‘one fungus one name’ approach, it is preferable to treat
Adisciso under the older name, Discosia. The present collection
is allied to, but distinct from, species presently recognized in
this subclade, and a new species is introduced to accommodate
this taxon.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
32109 had highest similarity to Discosia cf. pleurochaeta (GenBank AB594777.1; Identities = 546/546 (100 %), no gaps),
Discosia italica (GenBank KM678041.1; Identities = 552/556
(99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Discosia pseudoartocreas (GenBank
NR_132068.1; Identities = 550/556 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)).
The ITS sequences of CPC 32109 and 32113 are identical
(556 / 556). Closest hits using the LSU sequence of CPC
32109 are Adisciso yakushimense (GenBank AB593721.1;
Identities = 802 /803 (99 %), no gaps), Discosia fagi (GenBank KM678048.1; Identities = 871/873 (99 %), no gaps)
and Adisciso tricellulare (GenBank NG_042334.1; Identities
= 800/803 (99 %), no gaps). The LSU sequences of CPC
32109 and 32113 are identical (873 /873). Closest hits using
the tef1 sequence of CPC 32109 had highest similarity to Dis
cosia brasiliensis (GenBank KF827465.1; Identities = 363/399
(91 %), 12 gaps (3 %)), Pestalotiopsis diversiseta (GenBank
JX399073.1; Identities = 224 /249 (90 %), 12 gaps (4 %)) and
Pestalotiopsis yanglingensis (GenBank KX895197.1; Identities = 221/246 (90 %), 6 gaps (2 %)). The tef1 sequences of
CPC 32109 and 32113 are identical (529 /529). Closest hits
using the tub2 sequence of CPC 32109 had highest similarity
to Discosia brasiliensis (GenBank KF827469.1; Identities =
805 /832 (97 %), no gaps), Pestalotiopsis microspora (GenBank AF115396.1; Identities = 782 /826 (95 %), no gaps) and
Pestalotiopsis paeoniicola (GenBank KY930635.1; Identities =
781/ 826 (95 %), no gaps). The tub2 sequences of CPC 32109
and 32113 are identical (874/874).
Colour illustrations. Macrozamia miquelii at Australian Botanical Garden
Mount Annan; conidiomata sporulating on PNA (scale bar = 250 µm), conidiogenous cells and conidia (scale bars = 10 µm).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
380
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Didymocyrtis brachylaenae
381
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 780 – 13 July 2018
Didymocyrtis brachylaenae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Brachylaena, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothi
deomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, globose, brown, 200 – 350 µm diam,
with central ostiole; wall of 3–6 layers of medium brown textura
angularis. Conidiophores mostly reduced to conidiogenous cells
lining the inner cavity, ampulliform to doliiform, 5 –7 × 2.5 – 3.5
µm, proliferating percurrently at apex; a few conidiophores
observed that are subcylindrical, branched, 1– 2-septate, with
terminal and intercalary conidiogenous cells. Conidia fusoidellipsoid to subcylindrical, widest in middle, 1(–3)-septate, apex
subobtuse, base truncate, medium brown, smooth, granular,
(8 –)9 –10(–13) × (2 –)3 µm. Spermatia observed in same conidiomata as conidia, hyaline, smooth, aseptate, ellipsoid, 3–4.5
× 2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium, covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C.
On MEA surface pale luteous, reverse umber. On PDA surface
and reverse umber. On OA surface umber with patches of pale
luteous.
Typus. SoUth aFriCa, Eastern Cape Province, Haga Haga, on leaves of
Brachylaena discolor (Asteraceae), 24 Dec. 2010, M.J. Wingfield (holotype
CBS H-23565, culture ex-type CPC 32651 = CBS 144438, ITS, LSU, rpb2
and tub2 sequences GenBank MH327821.1, MH327857.1, MH327873.1
and MH327896.1, MycoBank MB825436).
Notes — The genus Diederichomyces was established by
Trakunyingcharoen et al. (2014) for several phoma-like lichenicolous species. Diederichomyces was, however, reduced to
synonymy under Didymocyrtis by Ertz et al. (2015), which is an
older name, and has priority. Although phylogenetically related
to D. cladoniicola, D. brachylaenae is distinct in having conidia
that are 1(–3)-septate. Furthermore, although they were neither
described nor illustrated, original isolations of D. brachylaenae
were from a phaeosphaeria-like sexual morph, which is also
consistent with its phylogenetic position in the Phaeosphae
riaceae.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Phaeosphaeria poagena (GenBank KJ869114.1;
Identities = 461/476 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)), Phaeosphaeria po
docarpi (GenBank NR_137933.1; Identities = 454/476 (95 %),
2 gaps (0 %)) and Parastagonospora nodorum (GenBank
KM056326.1; Identities = 453/476 (95 %), 11 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Didymocyrtis cladoniicola
(GenBank LN907456.1; Identities = 865/868 (99 %), no gaps),
Neosulcatispora agaves (GenBank KT950867.1; Identities
= 860 /866 (99 %), no gaps) and Phaeosphaeriopsis musae
(GenBank DQ885894.1; Identities = 864/872 (99 %), no gaps).
Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to
Phaeosphaeria chiangraina (GenBank KM434307.1; Identities
= 511/597 (86 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Phaeosphaeria oryzae (GenBank KM434306.1; Identities = 511/597 (86 %), 2 gaps (0 %))
and Phaeosphaeria musae (GenBank KM434304.1; Identities
= 511/597 (86 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the tub2
sequence had highest similarity to Stagonospora avenaria f. sp.
avenaria (GenBank AY870402.1; Identities = 902 /968 (93 %),
12 gaps (1 %)), Stagonospora avenae f. sp. triticea (GenBank
AY786330.1; Identities = 898/964 (93 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and
Parastagonospora nodorum (GenBank CP022806.1; Identities
= 898 /964 (93 %), 4 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Brachylaena discolor at Haga Haga; symptomatic
leaf, conidiogenous cells and conidia, spermatia, and 1-septate conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
382
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Elsinoë leucopogonis
383
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 781 – 13 July 2018
Elsinoë leucopogonis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Leucopogon, the host genus from which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Elsinoaceae, Myriangiales, Dothideomy
cetes.
Leaf spots amphigenous, but chiefly epiphyllous, ellipsoid, solitary, grey-brown, 1–3 µm diam, surrounded by a red-brown border. Conidiomata acervular, brown, 70 –150 µm diam, coalescing with maturity, composed of textura angularis. Conidiophores
subcylindrical, brown, smooth, 1– 2-septate, 15 – 25 × 3 – 4 µm.
Conidiogenous cells polyphialidic, with 1– 2 integrated loci,
pale brown, smooth, subcylindrical, 5 –15 × 3 – 4 µm. Conidia
hyaline, smooth, aseptate, guttulate, ellipsoid to subcylindrical,
with obtuse apex and truncate hilum, 1 µm diam, (5 –)6(– 6.5)
× (2–)2.5 µm in vitro.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, with sparse
aerial mycelium, surface folded, with even, lobed margin, reaching 7 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA and PDA surface
saffron, reverse ochreous. On OA surface peach with diffuse
scarlet pigment.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Barron Ground Nature Reserve,
on leaves of Leucopogon sp. (Epicridaceae), 26 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous
(holotype CBS H-23564, culture ex-type CPC 32097 = CBS 144439, ITS,
LSU, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MH327822.1, MH327858.1,
MH327874.1, MH327885.1 and MH327897.1, MycoBank MB825437).
Notes — A phylogenetic analysis of the genus Elsinoë was
recently published by Fan et al. (2017), showing that most species are highly host specific. None of the species of Elsinoë
are presently known from Leucopogon, and E. leucopogonis
is also phylogenetically distinct from the taxa presently known
based on their DNA sequence data (see Fungal Planet 782).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Elsinoë hederae (GenBank NR_148146.1;
Identities = 502 /522 (96 %), 13 gaps (2 %)), Elsinoë proteae
(GenBank NR_132796.1; Identities = 546/591 (92 %), 22 gaps
(3 %)) and Elsinoë theae (GenBank NR_148174.1; Identities
= 496 /520 (95 %), 13 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU
sequence are Elsinoë lepagei (GenBank KX887004.1; Identities = 731/736 (99 %), no gaps), Elsinoë hederae (GenBank
KX886994.1; Identities = 730/736 (99 %), no gaps) and Elsinoë
tectificae (GenBank KX887055.1; Identities = 729/736 (99 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest
similarity to Elsinoë hederae (GenBank KX887113.1; Identities = 640 / 744 (86 %), no gaps), Elsinoë theae (GenBank
KX887175.1; Identities = 618 /741 (83 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and
Elsinoë eelemani (GenBank KX398204.1; Identities = 648/812
(80 %), 10 gaps (1 %)). No significant hits were obtained
when the tef1 sequence was used in BLASTn and megablast
searches, while the tub2 sequence resulted in Cyphellophora
reptans (GenBank KC455233.1; Identities = 261/ 332 (79 %),
22 gaps (6 %)) as best hit.
Colour illustrations. Forest trees close to collection site; leaf spot on
Leucopogon sp., conidioma in vivo (scale bar = 150 µm), colony on MEA,
conidiogenous cells and conidia (scale bars = 10 µm).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
384
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Elsinoë banksiigena
385
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 782 – 13 July 2018
Elsinoë banksiigena Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Banksia, the host genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Elsinoaceae, Myriangiales, Dothideomy
cetes.
Leaf spots epiphyllous, subcircular to irregular, medium brown,
somewhat raised, 1– 5 µm diam, surrounded by a diffuse chlorotic border. Conidiomata acervular, brown, 30 – 50 µm diam,
prominently breaking through epidermis on leaf surface. Coni
diophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous
cells hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to doliiform, 3 – 5 × 3 – 4 µm.
Conidia hyaline, smooth, aseptate, guttulate, subcylindrical with
obtuse ends, 2 – 4 × 1.5– 2 µm in vitro and in vivo.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, with sparse
aerial mycelium, surface folded, with even, lobed margin, reaching 5 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA and PDA surface
saffron, reverse ochreous. On OA surface saffron.
Typus. aUStralia, New South Wales, Seven Mile Beach, on leaves of
Banksia marginata (Proteaceae), 26 Nov. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS
H-23563, culture ex-type CPC 32402 = CBS 144440, ITS, LSU, rpb2 and
tef1 sequences GenBank MH327823.1, MH327859.1, MH327875.1 and
MH327886.1, MycoBank MB825438).
100
65
75
99
Anhellia nectandrae NR_111700.1
Elsinoë elaeocarpi Fungal Planet 772
Elsinoë eucalyptigena NR_155099.1
71
Elsinoë banksiigena Fungal Planet 782
Elsinoë verbenae KX887299.1
Elsinoë hederae NR_148146.1
Elsinoë leucopogonis Fungal Planet 781
98
Elsinoë lepagei NR_148153.1
Elsinoë theae NR_148174.1
Elsinoë barleriicola NR_148128.1
51
Elsinoë banksiae NR_155078.1
80
Elsinoë protearum NR_155095.1
Elsinoë banksiicola NR_148127.1
100
Elsinoë brasiliensis JN943501.1
74 Elsinoë mimosae JN943505.1
25
Notes — Two species of Elsinoë are known from Banksia,
namely E. banksiae (on B. serrata) and E. banksiicola (on
B. prionotes). A key to the species occurring on Proteaceae was
provided by Fan et al. (2017). Phylogenetically, E. banksiigena
is distinct from all taxa known from Proteaceae, being allied to
E. eliocarpiae (see ITS phylogeny). Although it has been assumed that there was one dominant species of Elsinoë infecting
various species of Banksia, the present study suggests that
many more distinct Elsinoë spp. could await description.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Elsinoë eucalyptigena (GenBank NR_155099.1;
Identities = 503/591 (85 %), 29 gaps (4 %)), Elsinoë fawcettii
(GenBank FJ010362.1; Identities = 441/527 (84 %), 30 gaps
(5 %)) and Sphaceloma bidentis (GenBank KF421115.1; Identities = 516/615 (84 %), 43 gaps (6 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Elsinoë quercusilicis (GenBank KX887040.1;
Identities = 720/740 (97 %), 4 gaps (0 %)), Elsinoë eucalyptorum
(GenBank DQ923530.1; Identities = 859/885 (97 %), 4 gaps
(0 %)) and Sphaceloma erythrinae (GenBank JN940392.1;
Identities = 833/861 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the
rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Zalaria obscura (GenBank KX579108.1; Identities = 492/661 (74 %), 5 gaps (0 %)),
Sarcinomyces crustaceus (GenBank GU250948.1; Identities =
489/664 (74 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and Elsinoë pitangae (GenBank
KX887150.1; Identities = 541/746 (73 %), 11 gaps (1 %)). No
significant hits were obtained when the tef1 sequence was used
in BLASTn and megablast searches.
The first of two equally most parsimonious trees obtained from
the ITS alignment using PAUP v. 4.0b10 (Swofford 2003; 15
sequences including the ingroup, 522 included characters of
which 141 were parsimony-informative). The tree was rooted
with Anhellia nectandrae (GenBank NR_111700.1). Novel
Elsinoë species described here are indicated in bold italic text
and their corresponding Fungal Planet numbers are indicated.
The scale bar represents the number of changes and parsimony bootstrap support values > 50 % from 1 000 replicates
are indicated at the nodes (thickened lines are present in the
strict consensus tree).
Colour illustrations. Banksia marginata at Seven Mile Beach; leaf spots,
colony on MEA, conidioma (in vivo) (scale bar = 50 µm), conidiogenous cells
and conidia (scale bars = 10 µm).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Treena I. Burgess & Giles E.St.J. Hardy, Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, Murdoch University,
90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: tburgess@murdoch.edu.au & g-hardy@murdoch.edu.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
386
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Ochroconis musicola
387
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 783 – 13 July 2018
Ochroconis musicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Musa, the host genus from which this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Sympoventuriaceae, Venturiales, Dothideo
mycetes.
On OA. Ascomata occurring in clusters, globose, 50 –100 µm
diam, brown, surface smooth, lacking appendages; wall of 4–8
layers of brown textura angularis. Asci bitunicate, obovoid,
8-spored, with well-defined apical chamber, 2 – 3 µm diam,
25 – 40 × 15 –18 µm. Ascospores fusoid-ellipsoid, guttulate,
initially hyaline, but becoming pale brown with age, straight
to slightly curved, initially medianly septate, prominently constricted at septum, later developing a septum in each of the two
cells, widest just above median septum, encased in a mucoid
sheath, up to 3.5 µm diam, (15 –)19 – 22(– 26) × (4 –)5(– 6) µm.
Isolates only formed the sexual morph in culture.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium on OA and PDA (abundant on
MEA), and even, smooth margin, reaching 30 mm diam after
2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA and PDA surface isabelline, reverse
brown vinaceous. On OA surface brown vinaceous.
Typus. malaySia, on leaves of Musa sp. (Musaceae), 2010, P.W. Crous
(holotype CBS H-23562, culture ex-type CPC 32927 = CBS 144441, ITS,
LSU, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MH327824.1, MH327860.1,
MH327876.1, MH327887.1 and MH327898.1, MycoBank MB825439).
Notes — The genus Ochroconis was recently revised by
Samerpitak et al. (2013), who also linked the first sexual morph
to the genus, namely O. sexualis. Morphologically, O. musicola
is quite distinct from O. sexualis, as the latter species has
ascomata with appendages, and smaller ascospores (8 –10 ×
2.5 – 3.5 µm) that lack a mucoid sheath. Ochroconis musicola
is also phylogenetically distinct and related to O. constricta.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Ochroconis constricta (GenBank KX610329.1;
Identities = 429/514 (83 %), 39 gaps (7 %)), Scolecobasidium
dendroides (GenBank FJ914704.1; Identities = 425 / 512
(83 %), 36 gaps (7 %)) and Ochroconis dracaenae (GenBank
NR_145404.1; Identities = 422/ 512 (82 %), 33 gaps (6 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Ochroconis podocarpi
(Gen-Bank MG386085.1; Identities = 786 /835 (94 %), 6 gaps
(0 %)), Ochroconis macrozamiae (GenBank KJ869180.1;
Identities = 814 /866 (94 %), 13 gaps (1 %)) and Ochroconis
musae (GenBank KT272083.1; Identities = 817/ 872 (94 %),
8 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest
similarity to Ochroconis lascauxensis (GenBank HE575203.1;
Identities = 752 /899 (84 %), no gaps), Scolecobasidium terre
um (GenBank FR832487.1; Identities = 737/887 (83 %), 1 gap
(0 %)) and Mycosisymbrium cirrhosum (GenBank KR349124.1;
Identities = 732 /908 (81 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). No significant hits
were obtained when the tef1 and tub2 sequences were used
in BLASTn and megablast searches.
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Musa sp. in Malaysia; ascomata sporulating on OA (scale bars = 100 µm), asci and ascospores with
sheaths (scale bars = 10 µm).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
388
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
Didymella cari
389
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 784 – 13 July 2018
Didymella cari Armstrong-Cho, Banniza & Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Carum, one of the host genera from which
this fungus was collected.
Classification — Didymellaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideo
mycetes.
On PDA. Conidiomata separate, globose, brown, pycnidial,
200–350 µm diam, with central ostiole; wall of 3–6 layers of
brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to
globose, holoblastic, (9–)12–16 × (9–)12–13 µm. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical, straight to curved,
apex obtuse, base truncate, 2.5–4 µm diam, (0–)1(–2)-septate,
(1-septate conidia with septum above median), (8–)21–26(–31)
× (4–)6(–7) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies covering dish in 2 wk with
fluffy to moderate aerial mycelium. On MEA surface sienna,
reverse fulvous. On PDA surface pale olivaceous grey to olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey. On OA surface pale luteous
to buff.
Typus. Canada, Saskatchewan, Choiceland, on living flower of Carum carvi
(Apiaceae), 2015, C. ArmstrongCho (holotype CBS H-23594, cultures extypes CPC 33112 = CBS 144497 = A27, ITS, LSU, actA and tub2 sequences
GenBank MH327825.1, MH327861.1, MH327865.1 and MH327899.1, MycoBank MB825440).
Additional material examined. Canada, Saskatchewan, Choiceland, on
living flower of Coriandrum sativum (Apiaceae), 2015, C. ArmstrongCho,
CPC 33113 = CBS 144498 = A74, ITS, LSU, actA and tub2 sequences GenBank MH327826.1, MH327862.1, MH327866.1 and MH327900.1; Lemberg,
on living flower of Carum carvi, 2015, C. ArmstrongCho, CPC 33114 = CBS
144499 = A122F, ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences GenBank MH327827.1,
MH327863.1 and MH327901.1; Lorlie, on living stem of Carum carvi, 2016,
C. ArmstrongCho, CPC 33115 = CBS 144500 = A355, ITS sequence GenBank MH327828.1.
Notes — Didymella cari was isolated from blossom blight
symptoms on coriander and caraway in Western Canada.
Pathogenicity trials on coriander and caraway flowers showed
that the isolates were pathogenic on both substrates. Phomalike species reported from these hosts in the past include
Subplenodomus apiicola from Brazil, Phoma exigua var. exigua
from Poland and Phoma multirostrata from Australia (Mendes
et al. 1998, Machowicz-Stefaniak et al. 2008, Golzar et al.
2015), which are clearly distinct based on their morphology
(Boerema et al. 2004). Another taxon to consider is Ascochyta
carvi (on leaves, stems and seeds of Carum carvi occurring in
the former Czechoslovakia), although conidia of the latter species are significantly smaller, 0–1(–2)-septate, (6–)8–12(–14)
× 2.5– 4.5 µm (Ondrej 1983).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
33112 had highest similarity to Didymella macrostoma (GenBank KY367515.2; Identities = 478/485 (99 %), no gaps) and
D. glomerata (GenBank KT223334.1; Identities = 478/485
(99 %), no gaps), from which D. cari can easily be distinguished
based on its conidial dimensions (Chen et al. 2015, 2017). The
ITS sequences of CPC 33112–33115 were identical, but that of
CPC 33114 differed with one nucleotide from the rest. Based on
a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database,
the closest hits using the LSU sequence of CPC 33112 had
highest similarity to D. macrostoma (GenBank GU238096.1;
Identities = 1 226/1 230 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and D. tanaceti
(GenBank KT287040.1; Identities = 1 225/1 230 (99 %), 2
gaps (0 %)), D. rosea (GenBank KT287017.1; Identities =
1 225/1 230 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). Except for two nucleotide
changes, the LSU sequences of CPC 33112 – 33114 were
identical. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide database, the closest hits using the actA sequence
of CPC 33112 had highest similarity to D. macrostoma (GenBank KT309303.2; Identities = 210 /238 (88 %), 2 gaps (0 %)),
D. tanaceti (GenBank KT286999.1; Identities = 206/237 (87 %),
no gaps) and D. pedeiae (GenBank KT309272.2; Identities =
206 /237 (87 %), no gaps). The actA sequences of CPC 33112
and CPC 33113 were identical. Based on a megablast search
of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using
the tub2 sequence of CPC 33112 had highest similarity to D. ne
griana (GenBank KY632664.1; Identities = 279/300 (93 %), no
gaps), Stagonosporopsis heliopsidis (GenBank KX928776.1;
Identities = 277/298 (93 %), no gaps) and Phoma adonidicola
(GenBank JQ934842.1; Identities = 275/296 (93 %), no gaps).
The tub2 sequences of CPC 33112 – 33114 were identical.
Colour illustrations. Coriander blossom blight; sporulation on caraway
blossom (scale bar = 1 mm), conidia, and conidiogenous cells (right) (scale
bars = 10 µm).
Cheryl Armstrong-Cho & Sabine Banniza, Crop Development Centre / Dept. of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan,
51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon S7N 5A8, Canada; e-mail: cheryl.cho@usask.ca & sabine.banniza@usask.ca
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
390
Persoonia – Volume 40, 2018
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