Acta Botanica Hungarica 59(1–2), pp. 137–260, 2017
DOI: 10.1556/034.59.2017.1-2.7
NEW AND NOTEWORTHY LICHEN-FORMING
AND LICHENICOLOUS FUNGI 6
S. Y. Kondratyuk1,2, L. LŐkÖs3, J. P. Halda4, C. Roux5, D. K. Upreti6
F. Schumm7, G. K. Mishra6, S. Nayaka6, E. Farkas8, J. S. Park2, B. G. Lee2
D. Liu2, J.-J. Woo2 and J.-S. Hur2
1
M. H. Kholodny Institute of Botany
Tereshchenkivska str. 2, 01004 Kiev, Ukraine; E-mail: ksya_net@ukr.net
2
Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University
Sunchon 540-742, Republic of Korea; E-mail: jshur1@sunchon.ac.kr
3
Department of Botany, Hungarian Natural History Museum
H-1431 Budapest, Pf. 137, Hungary; E-mail: lokos.laszlo@nhmus.hu
4
Muzeum a galerie Orlických hor, Jiráskova 2, 516 01 Rychnov nad Kněžnou, Czech Republic
5
390 chemin des Vignes-Vieilles, FR-84120 Mirabeau, France
E-mail: claude.roux@lichenologue.org
6
CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute
Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001 Uttar Pradesh, India; E-mail: upretidknbri@gmail.com
7
Mozarts str. 9, 73221, Wangen, Germany; E-mail: fschumm@online.de
8
Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences
H-2163 Vácrátót, Alkotmány u. 2–4, Hungary
(Received 10 November, 2016; Accepted 5 January, 2017)
Eighteen new to science species, i.e.: 13 taxa from South Korea (Astroplaca loekoesiana S. Y.
Kondr., E. Farkas, J.-J. Woo et J.-S. Hur, Buellia ulleungdoensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S.
Hur, Candelariella hakulinenii S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, Flavoplaca laszloana S. Y.
Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, Lichenostigma epiporpidiae S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, Mikhtomia
geumohdoensis S. Y. Kondr., Liu D. et J.-S. Hur, Orientophila dodongensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös
et J.-S. Hur, Physcia orientostellaris S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, Placynthiella hurii S. Y.
Kondr. et L. Lőkös, Protoparmeliopsis kopachevskae S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, Psoroglaena sunchonensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana S. Y. Kondr.,
L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, Vezdaea poeltiana S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös, J. Halda et J.-S. Hur), two
species from India (Rusavskia indica S. Y. Kondr. et D. K. Upreti, and R. upretii S. Y. Kondr.,
G. K. Mishra et S. Nayaka), and two species from Atlantic Europe, i.e.: Spain and Portugal
(Xanthoria schummii S. Y. Kondr. and X. lapalmaensis F. Schumm et S. Y. Kondr.), as well
as a lichenicolous fungus Leptosphaeria oxneriae Cl. Roux et S. Y. Kondr. from Asia (Russia
and India) are described, illustrated and compared with closely related taxa. Forty species
of lichen forming and lichenicolous fungi (i.e.: Acarospora cf. rufescens, Agonimia allobata,
A. aff. blumii, Anema decipiens, Anisomeridium aff. albisedum, Bacidia laurocerasi, Cercidospora
aff. epipolytropa, C. aff. lobothallia, Dictyocatenulata alba, Fuscopannaria dissecta, Lecanora ussuriensis, Lecidella aff. carpatica, Lemmopsis arnoldiana, Leptosphaeria crozalsii, Lichenostigma cf.
bolacinae, L. aff. rupicolae, Lichinella stipatula, L. cribellifera, L. iodopulchra, L. aff. myriospora,
Melaspilea proximella, Micarea alabastrites, Opegrapha aff. thelotrematis, Orientophila leucerythrella, Pectenia plumbea, Placynthium tantaleum, Porpidia flavicunda, Psorula rufonigra, Pyrenocarpon aff. thelostomum, Pyrenodesmia duplicata, Pyrenopsis aff. haematina, Ramboldia haem-
0236–6495/$ 20.00 © 2017 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
atites, Rhizoplaca subdiscrepans, Rimularia gibbosa, Rinodina oxydata, Staurothele frustulenta,
Stigmidium cf. clauzadei, Strigula australiensis, Thelenella luridella, Vezdaea leprosa) are for the
first time recorded for Korea. Additional locality records for South Korea (74 species) and
China (3 species) are also given.
Four new combinations, i.e.: Orientophila chejuensis (for Caloplaca chejuensis S. Y. Kondr.
et Hur), Orientophila diffluens (for Lecanora diffluens Hue), Orientophila leucerythrella (for Lecanora leucerythrella Nyl.), and Pyrenodesmia duplicata (for Lecanora duplicata Vain.) are also
proposed.
Key words: Astroplaca, Buellia, Candelariella, China, Flavoplaca, India, Japan, Leptosphaeria,
Lichenostigma, Mikhtomia, new species, Orientophila, phylogenetic analysis, Physcia, Placynthiella, Portugal, Protoparmeliopsis, revision, Rufoplaca, Rusavskia, Spain, South Korea, taxonomy, Vezdaea, Xanthoria
INTRODUCTION
Part of novelties found in Ulleung-do and Geumoh-do Islands, as well as
in a number of localities of Gangwon-do and Jeollanam-do Provinces of South
Korea during field studies in 2016 was recently published (Kondratyuk et al.
2016b, c, e).
The aim of this communication to present legal descriptions of new set
of taxa discovered in areas mentioned as well as to provide data on novelties
and rare taxa found during revision as recent as previous collections kept in
the KoLRI. Furthermore a number of taxa of the families Teloschistaceae, Candelariaceae, Physciaceae, Trapeliaceae appeared to be new from phylogenetic
analysis of families mentioned are also included and discussed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The specimens collected in 2016 in various areas of South Korea, as well
as collections of previous years kept in the KoLRI and other herbaria (BP,
KW-L, LE, LWG, VBI) included in comparative study were examined using
standard microscopical techniques and hand-sectioned under a dissecting
microscope (Nikon SMZ 645; Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). Anatomical descriptions were based on observations of these preparations under a microscope
(Nikon Eclipse E200; Nikon, Tokyo, Japan, and Zeiss Scope, A1; Carl Zeiss,
Oberkochen, Germany) with digital camera AxioCam ERc 5s. Section of apothecia were tested with water and with K and IKI (10% aqueous potassium
iodide) for identification.
For identification chemical substances of critical taxa standard TLC and
HPTLC methods with solvent C were carried out (Arup et al. 1993, Orange et
al. 2001).
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NEW SPECIES FOR SCIENCE
Astroplaca loekoesiana S. Y. Kondr., E. Farkas,
J.-J. Woo et J.-S. Hur, spec. nova
(Figs 1–2)
MycoBank no.: MB 819922.
Similar to Astroplaca opaca, but differs in having smaller and more yellowish
thallus, shorter and narrower thalline lobes, wider thalline portions in the centre of
thallus, in having medulla yellow in the upper portion and white in the lower portion,
in having plane apothecia, higher hymenium, wider paraphysis tips, hyaline subhymenium, longer and wider ascospores, as well as less number of chemical compounds.
Type: Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Jeongseon-eup,
Aesan-ri, limestone rocky wall along river, on calcareous rocks. Lat.: 37° 22’
18.66” N; Long.: 128° 40’ 27.76” E; Alt.: 325 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and
Lőkös, L. (163000), 16.09.2016 (KoLRI 041238 – holotype); the same locality,
(163086) (KoLRI 041327, BP – isotypes).
Thallus to 1.5 cm across, but may form larger aggregations, distinctly lobate in peripheral zone, and indistinctly areolate/lobate in the centre; dull yellowish to yellowish brownish or yellowish olivaceous; lobes to 2.5–3.5(–4.2) mm
long and 0.4–1 mm wide in the middle part and distinctly widened towards the
tips to 1–1.5(–2) mm wide, often secondary lobules as branches of main lobules
to 0.8–2.8(–3.5) mm long and (0.3–)0.4–1.1(–1.7) mm wide observed, sometimes
difficult to delimitate secondary lobules and main lobes, central irregular portions/areoles 1.5–2 mm across, apothecia black, lecideine, sessile.
In section thalline lobes to 450 μm thick; upper cortical layer to (25–)30–
50(–70) μm thick, palisade paraplectenchymatous, cells more or less rounded
and arranged in more or less regular vertical rows, cell lumina 5–7(–10) μm
diam.; algal zone to 100–150 μm thick, rather thick; medullar to 250–300 μm
thick, paraplectenchymatous throughout, with the upper yellow portion and
lower white portion, or in lower portion or throughout in places somewhat dull
orange or dirty reddish (with crystals similar to norstictic acid often observed).
Apothecia to 0.6 mm diam., and to 0.4 mm thick in section, lecideine,
black, while biatorine in section; disc more or less plane, black; own margin concolourous with disc, black, somewhat uplifted above the disc level;
in section true exciple to 60 μm thick in lateral and basal portion, hyaline,
only outermost cell row brownish or yellowish brown, paraplectenchymatous cell lumina 8–15 μm across, very large; hymenium to 75 μm high, dark
brown, paraphyses very lax, to 5–7 μm wide at the tips, dark brown; subhy-
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
menium 120–150 μm thick, hyaline of somewhat slightly yellowish or greyish;
ascospores simple, colourless, rounded to ellipsoid, 10–12(–14) × 5–6 μm.
Chemistry: Medulla K+ violet in the upper yellow portion, while K– in
lower white portion, UV–. Fragilin and two unknown substances detected
(HPTLC).
Ecology: On hard limestone cliffs, often in places with periodically running water.
Distribution: So far known only from type collection in Gangwon-do
Province in South Korea, Eastern Asia.
Etymology: It is named after our friend and colleague, a known Hungarian lichenologist László Lőkös (BP, Budapest) in recognition of his contribution to knowledge on Korean lichen flora, as well as in thanks of his cooperation and help during this work.
Taxonomic notes: In having convex thalline lobes in peripheral zone
and shiny upper surface Astroplaca loekoesiana is similar to Astroplaca opaca
(Fr.) Bagl., the type species of the genus Astroplaca Bagl., known mainly from
Western and South Mediterranean Europe (Albania, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Montenegro, Spain, etc.)
and North Africa (e.g. Tunisia), but differs in having somewhat shorter and
somewhat narrower thalline lobes, especially towards the tips (1–1.5(–2) mm
wide vs. to 3–4.5 mm wide), in having wider thalline portions in the centre of
Fig. 1. Astroplaca opaca (left), and A. loekoesiana (right), general habit (BP). Scale 1 mm. (Photo of E. Farkas)
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Fig. 2. Astroplaca loekoesiana (top, Republic of Korea), and A. opaca (bottom, Albania), general habit in field conditions. (Photo of L. Lőkös)
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thallus (1.5–2 mm vs. 0.3–1.5 mm across); in having smaller and more yellowish (vs. to 40 mm diam., dark brown or yellowish brown, glossy) thallus, in
having medulla yellow in the upper portion and white in the lower portion
(yellow medulla, K+ violet only in the upper portion, lower part white, K–, vs.
red-brown to yellow-brown), in having plane (vs. convex) apothecia, in having higher and dark brown hymenium (to 75 μm vs. ca 50 μm high, hyaline),
in having wider paraphysis tips (5–7 μm vs. 4–5 μm wide), in having hyaline subhymenium (vs. red-brown), in having longer and wider ascospores
(10–12(–14) × 5–6 μm vs. 9–11 × 4–5 μm, in having different chemical reactions
(vs. K+ red, C+ reddish (after 1–2 min.), KC–, Pd–, I–), as well as in having
different chemicals (fragilin and 2 unknown substances vs. emodin, erythrin,
fragilin, 7-chloro-emodin and 2-chloro-derivatives) (Schneider 1979, Steiner
et al. 1974).
The records of Astroplaca opaca from siliceous rocks at 350–360 m alt. from
the Juwang Mts, South Korea (Aptroot and Moon 2014 as Placolecis opaca)
seems to be doubtful.
From Glyphopeltis ligustica (B. de Lesd.) Timdal (syn.: Xanthopsorella llimonae H. Hertel, J. M. Egea et J. Poelt, Astroplaca llimonae) described from Spain
(southwestern Europe) growing on overhanging (steep faces) hard siliceous
(limeless) schists in Mediterranean and Atlantic Europe and South Africa
(Bouly de Lesdain 1935, Brusse 1985, Nimis and Poelt 1987, Timdal 1988), Astroplaca loekoesiana differs in having much larger thallus (vs. to 15 mm diam.),
in having plane (vs. convex) and smaller (vs. up to 1.8 mm in diam.) apothecia, in having distinctly widened towards the tips paraphyses to 5–7 μm wide
(vs. not widened), in having dark brown (vs. greenish brown) hymenium,
as well as in having longer ascospores (10–12(–14) × 5–6 μm vs. 7–9.5–11 ×
4–5.5–6.0(–7.5) μm), and in having medulla K+ violet, while white underside
K– (vs. thallus K–, C–, KC–), as well as in growing on limestone (vs. starting
grow as parasite on Peltula euploca).
From Xanthopsorella texana (W. A. Weber) Kalb et Hafellner (syn.: Xanthopsora texana (W. A. Weber) G. Schneider et W. A. Weber), type species of the
genus Xanthopsorella Kalb et Hafellner (syn.: Xanthopsora G. Schneider et W.
A. Weber, non Spegazzini) known from vertical faces of limestone cliffs and
on rocks of North America (Texas, USA) and Mexico), Astroplaca loekoesiana
differs in having lobate thallus (vs. squamulose, forming rosettes up to 3–4
cm diam.), in having elongated lobes in peripheral portions of thallus closely
attached to the substrate (vs. marginal squamules up to 5 mm diam., with
ascending free margins), in having white underside (vs. lower corticated surface pale yellowish), in having different reactions of medulla (upper yellow
portion of medulla K+ violet, and lower white portion K–, vs. medulla yellowish, K+ red, C+ reddish brown in spots, P+ cinnabar, UV–), in having plane
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disc of apothecium (vs. convex apothecia), in having marginate apothecia (the
margin inconspicuous, soon excluded), in having brownish hymenium (vs.
reddish violet, I+ vinose-red), in having distinctly widened towards the tips
paraphyses (vs. paraphyses cylindrical, not capitate, 2–3 μm thick), and in
having much larger elongated ellipsoid ascospores (vs. 3–4 μm diam., spherical), and in the lack of parietin and unidentified antraquinones (after Huneck
and Follmann 1976).
Specimens of Astroplaca opaca examined: Albania. Tirana County (Qarku i Tiranë):
District of Tirana (Rrethi i Tiranës), Bërzhitë municipality, ca 1.75 km NE of Pellumbas, on
calcareous rocks along the tourist path to Shpelle e Pellumbasit (Pellumbasit Cave). Lat.:
41° 15’ 25.4” N; Long.: 19° 58’ 05.0” E; Alt.: ca 620 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lőkös, L., 03.04.2016 [BP].
– Shkodër County (Qarku i Shkodrës), District of Shkodër (Rrethi i Shkodrës), Velipojë
municipality, between Baks-Rrjollë and Kel Marashi, on calcareous rocks. Lat.: 41° 51’ 26.6”
N; Long.: 19° 29’ 47.9” E; Alt.: ca 46 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lőkös, L., 09.10.2012 [BP].
Buellia ulleungdoensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, spec. nova
(Figs 3–4)
MycoBank no.: MB 819923.
Similar to Buellia sequax, but differs in having dull grey thallus, in having
sometimes larger apothecia, as well as in having shorter ascospores with smooth surface and in the lack of norstictic acid.
Type: Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon, Namyang-ri, along the coast road (Ulleungsunhwanro, Nr. 926), on steep, siliceous, roadside rocks, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Placynthiella hurii and Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana. Lat.: 37° 27’
36.42” N; Long.: 130° 52’ 07.96” E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and
Lőkös, L. (161974), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040211 sub Buellia – holotype); the same
locality, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Placynthiella hurii and
Catillaria sp. (161941), (KoLRI 040178 sub Flavoplaca – isotype); the same locality, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana and Placynthiella hurii (161947),
(KoLRI 040184 sub Buellia – isotype).
Thallus very indistinct, areoles very scattered and distant to sometimes
more or less aggregated, seen only at the largest magnification (×100 or more),
often growing in rock cavities (it is very unlikely that thallus is endolithic because of siliceous nature of rock), dull grey; areoles 0.1–0.2(–0.5) mm across,
very irregular; mainly can be recognised owing to more or less aggregated,
lecideine, black apothecia. Hypothallus absent.
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Apothecia 0.1–0.3(–0.45) mm diam., to 0.08–0.1 mm thick in section,
black with very weakly pruinose, somewhat greyish disc, lecideine, at first
immersed into thalline areoles, but soon becoming sessile, scattered, distant
and mostly regularly rounded, rarely aggregated in small groups of 3(–5)
Fig. 3. Buellia ulleungdoensis (holotype), general habit. Scale 0.5 mm. (photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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apothecia, where often irregular; own margin more or less distinct, seen
only at the largest magnification (×100 or more), very thin, to 40 μm thick,
but somewhat uplifted above disc level; disc plane to with slightly waved/
undulating surface or semiconvex. In section lecideine, true exciple black or
Fig. 4. Buellia ulleungdoensis (holotype), enlarged apothecia and thalline areoles. Scale 0.5
mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
blackish brown throughout, very thin, to 12–15(–25) μm thick in uppermost
and lower lateral portions and to 20–30(–50) μm thick in basal portion; hymenium (40–)45–55 μm high, without oil droplets, hyaline to somewhat light
brownish (sometimes even in very small size apothecia all ascospores overmature and somewhat light brownish hymenium were observed); paraphyses branched and swollen towards the tips, to 5–6 μm diam. in water (and
to 4–6.5(–7) μm diam. in K), sometimes with distinct cups; subhymenium to
35(–50) μm thick, medium to dark brown; algae seen only below apothecium
in thalline fragments, algal cells (5–)8–12 μm diam.; asci 8-spored, 35–40 ×
8–12 μm; ascospores 1-septate, dark brown, sometimes with scarce granules
on surface, but mostly with smooth surface, (7–)8–10(–12) × 4–5.5(–6) μm in
water, and (7–)8–12(–14) × (3.8–)4–5(–7) μm in K* (50 measurements in each).
Conidiomata and conidia unknown.
Chemistry: Not tested.
Ecology: Growing on siliceous rocks often very unstable on steep slopes,
in the same localities with Placynthiella hurii and Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana (see
also below under these taxa).
Distribution: So far known only from the type locality, Ulleung-do Island, South Korea, Eastern Asia.
Etymology: Species epithet refers to the type locality, i.e.: Ulleung-do
Island, South Korea, Eastern Asia.
Taxonomic notes: Sometimes ascospores in K becoming somewhat wider
in equatorial portion, but they are still narrower than in Amandinea punctata.
After having inconspicuous thallus and narrow ascospores (4.5–5.5 μm
wide), Buellia ulleungdoensis is similar to Buellia sequax (Nyl.) Zahlbr. (syn.: B.
abstracta (Nyl.) H. Olivier), a rare species known from Mediterranean and Atlantic Europe and North Africa, growing on granite pebbles and small stones,
but differs in having dull grey thallus (vs. white, C+, Pd+, containing norstictic acid), in having sometimes larger apothecia (0.1–0.3(–0.45) mm vs. 0.1–0.2
mm diam.), as well as in having shorter ascospores with smooth surface ((7–)
8–10(–12) × 4–5.5(–6) μm vs. 11–13 × 4.5–5.5 μm, surface minutely pored or
wrinkled), and in the lack of norstictic acid.
Buellia ulleungdoensis is similar to Amandinea punctata (Hoffm.) Coppins et
Scheid., a cosmopolitan species, growing on various substrates including rocks,
but differs in having inconspicuous thallus and much narrower ascospores.
*
As far some lichenologists often used K to see better details of apothecia and ascospores, consequently sometimes measurements of the ascospores are provided in
K (not in water) we emphasise especially data on ascospore measurements in water
and in K.
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Candelariella hakulinenii S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, spec. nova
(Figs 5–6)
MycoBank no.: MB 819924.
Similar to Candelariella antennaria, but differs in well-developed, thick, crustose or squamulose thallus, in having apothecia very rarely, in having grey thalline
margin concolourous with thallus, in the lack of true exciple, in having much wider
paraphysis tips, and in growing on siliceous rocks in coastal zones.
Type: Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon, Namyang-ri, Turtle Rock, seashore rocks, on basalt,
growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Psorotichia sp. and Orientophila
leucerythrella. Lat.: 37° 27’ 36.62” N; Long.: 130° 51’ 27.69” E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161919), 10.07.2016. (KoLRI 040156
sub Candelariella – holotype); the same locality, (161909), (KoLRI 040146 sub
Candelariella – isotype); the same locality, growing together with Flavoplaca
laszloana and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis (161910), (KoLRI 040147 sub Candelariella
– isotype); the same locality, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Orientophila leucerythrella and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis, (161911), (KoLRI 040148 sub
Candelariella – isotype); the same locality, growing together with Flavoplaca
laszloana and Orientophila leucerythrella, (161914), (KoLRI 040151 sub Orientophila leucerythrella – isotype); the same locality, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Pyrenopsis chejudoensis and Thelenella luridella, (161915), (KoLRI
040152 sub Phaeophyscia/Physciella – isotype); the same locality, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Caloplaca pelodella and Phaeophyscia/Physciella,
(161917), (KoLRI 040154 sub Phaeophyscia/Physciella – isotype); the same locality, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Orientophila leucerythrella
and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis, (161918), (KoLRI 040155 sub Pyrenopsis chejudoensis – isotype); the same locality, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana,
Pyrenopsis chejudoensis and Orientophila leucerythrella, (161923), (KoLRI 040160
sub Orientophila leucerythrella – isotype); the same locality, growing together
with Lichinella aff. myriospora and Orientophila leucerythrella, (161924), (KoLRI
040161 sub Candelariella – isotype); the same locality, growing together with
Flavoplaca laszloana, Lichinella aff. myriospora and Orientophila leucerythrella,
(161926), (KoLRI 040163 sub Orientophila leucerythrella – isotype).
Thallus to (0.4–)1–1.5 cm across or in larger aggregations, crustose, from
very thin and closely attached continuous (nr. 161909, nr. 161910) in the peripheral portion to much thicker, cracked or areolate to squamulate in the centre, where consisting of more or less distant to closely aggregated squamules;
squamules at first very small, (0.2–)0.3–0.4(–0.7) mm across, from rounded to
irregular, somewhat semiconvex, usually seen only in the peripheral zone;
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Fig. 5. Candelariella hakulinenii (holotype), enlarged portion with apothecia. Scale 0.5 mm.
(Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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soon becoming aggregated in larger spots/squamules to (0.8–)1.3–2.5(–4) mm
across, more or less rather distant from each other (with very wide cracks to
0.2–0.4(–0.5) mm wide between them), with very uneven upper surface, somewhat verruculose or microlobulate, usually the edges closely attached to the
substrate, but sometimes (nr. 161911) with somewhat upwards folded edges
and ascending, and edges are not attached to the substrate; squamule ends
often dissected into smaller rounded portions to 0.1–0.15(–0.2) mm across;
sometimes squamules of 0.8 mm across consist of two or three dissections to
0.4–0.5 mm long and 0.2–0.3 mm wide, but these portions are similarly flat
and not dissected by deep cracks; upper surface grey to whitish grey, with
yellow conidiomata and yellow discs of apothecia, often with fragments of
cyanobacteria films (as far the specimen was collected with flash zone of supralitoral), which makes darker appearance of thallus and sometimes whitish
portions of the lichen thallus well contrasting to blackish portions with cyanobacteria making somewhat tessellate appearance.
Thallus in section to 180(–270) μm thick, cortical layer to 20 μm thick,
consisting of more or less horizontally orientated hyphae or paraplectenchymatous, somewhat brownish, sometimes with epinecral layer to 10 μm
thick, algal zone to 80–90 μm thick, algal cells to (8–)10–15 μm diam./across.
Fig. 6. Candelariella hakulinenii (KoLRI 161936), enlarged portion with thalline areole/squamule. Scale 1 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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Apothecia to (0.4–)0.5–1.2 mm diam., and to 0.3 mm thick in section,
rather rare and usually small (0.4–0.5 mm diam.), 1(–3) per areole, lecanorine to more or less zeorine, thalline margin to 0.1–0.15 mm wide, grey, very
undulating to crenulate, sometimes seen only at the basis, disc dull yellow
brownish, matt, epruinose; if zeorine, own margin bright yellow to 0.1 mm
wide rarely observed; disc plane or somewhat undulating; in section, thalline
exciple to 100–150 μm thick, true exciple not developed; hymenium to 70(–80)
μm high; paraphyses distinctly swollen towards the tips, to 7–8(–9) μm diam.
and moniliform, club-shaped (i.e. submoniliform and frequently branched
near the apices); subhymenium to 70(–100) μm thick, hyaline with oil droplets to 4–6 μm diam.; asci 8-spored, ca 50 × 14 μm; ascospores (0–)1-septate,
narrowly ellipsoid to somewhat curved, (12–)14–17(–18) × (4–)5–7(–8) μm (54
measurements).
Conidiomata with bright yellow ostiole, to 0.1–0.15 mm diam., rather
often seen, in section conidiomata 130–150 μm diam., conidia widely bacilliform, 3.5–4.5 × 1.2–1.5 μm.
Ecology: Growing on siliceous rocks in coastal zone.
Etymology: It is named after the Finnish lichenologist Rainar Alarik
Hakulinen (09.10.1918–29.12.1991), who provided important revision of the
genus Candelariella in the 20th century (his PhD thesis was defended in 1954)
and he introduced the now commonly accepted family Candelariaceae.
Distribution: It is hitherto known only from the type collection from Ulleung-do Island of South Korea, Eastern Asia.
Taxonomic notes: Candelariella hakulinenii is characterised by squamulose thallus with often aggregated in smooth crust, by lecanorine apothecia
with thick thalline margin, while true exciple not developed, subhymenium
inspersed with oil droplets, by 8-spored asci and long and wide ascospores.
Fertile material is very rare, it can be distinguished as Candelariella mainly
after bright yellow conidiomata, while grey squamules or their aggregations
may be confused with many other crustose lichens (of the families Verrucariaceae, Teloschistaceae, Thellenellaceae, etc.) growing in the same locality.
Candelariella hakulinenii is similar to C. antennaria Räsänen, a common
species on bark of broad-leaved trees or on wood in North and South America, Asia and Australia, in having pale to dark grey or brownish grey, greengrey thallus, in having lecanorine apothecia with persistent thalline margin,
in having inspersed with oil subhymenium (see Yakovchenko et al. 2012), in
having club-shaped paraphyses (submoniliform paraphyses, which are frequently branched near the apices), in having 8-spored asci and in having wide
ascospores; but differs in well-developed, thick, crustose or squamulose thallus (vs. variable from indistinct or a thin to thick amorphous crust to thick
and more or less continuous, sometimes granular; to 5–15 μm thick (?), after
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Yakovchenko et al. 2012), in having very rarely apothecia (vs. abundant), in
having grey thalline margin concolourous with thallus (vs. yellow, and only
outer part often greyish), in the lack of true exciple (vs. thin, not visible from
the outside, to 27–40 μm wide, after Yakovchenko et al. 2012), in having much
wider paraphysis tips (7–8(–9) μm vs. 3–6 μm wide after Westberg 2004, or to
7 μm wide after Yakovchenko et al. 2012), in having longer conidia (3.5–4.5 ×
1.2–1.5 μm vs. 2.5–3 × 1.2–1.5 μm), and in growing on siliceous rocks in coastal
zones, while measurements of ascospores somewhat overlap ((12–)14–17(–18)
× (4–)5–7(–8) μm vs. 11–17 × 5–6.5 μm after Westberg 2004, (11–)12–17(–20) ×
4–6(–7) μm after Yakovchenko et al. 2012).
Among Candelariella Müll. Arg. there is a small number of species, which
are characterised by having a non-yellow thallus (Yakovchenko et al. 2012).
The species are 8-spored, with lecanorine apothecia, growing on calcareous
rocks (C. plumbea Poelt et Vězda, C. oleaginescens Rondon) or bark and wood
(C. viae-lacteae G. Thor et V. Wirth, C. antennaria Räsänen and C. boikoi Khodos.
et S. Y. Kondr.). Candelariella subdeflexa (Nyl.) Lettau, also with grey thallus
and 8-spored asci, differs from the others by its biatorine apothecia. They are
predominantly distributed in the temperate zone in open woodlands, forests
and forest-steppes and steppes and prefer dry, exposed conditions.
Korean specimens grew in locality with much higher humidity, i.e. supralitoral conditions. However, they were collected in the same very exposed
conditions of South-facing coastal slope of Ulleung-do Island, South Korea.
There are several keys to Candelariella species (Westberg 2007, Westberg
and Sohrabi 2012, Westberg et al. 2011, Yakovchenko et al. 2016). After Westberg and Sohrabi (2012) Candelariella hakulinenii should be compared with two
epiphytic species, i.e.: C. antennaria, and C. viae-lacteae having grey or indistinct thallus.
However, Candelariella viae-lacteae G. Thor and V. Wirth, known from Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy and Spain),
has mainly granular thallus, consisting of crowded, rounded to 7–15 μm wide
granules, appressed or erect, later erect and unbranched or coralloid (Malíček
et al. 2014, Thor and Wirth 1990, Yakovchenko et al. 2012).
Candelariella hakulinenii is similar to C. plumbea in general, in having rather thick greyish to dirty greyish thallus consisting of highly uplifted squamule-like areoles, and in rarely present bright or dull yellow apothecia, but
differs in having much thinner, more horizontally orientated, more closely
attached (to substrate) thalline squamules (vs. thalline squamules usually uplifted, seem to be exfoliated, loosely attached to the substrate, usually forming
bulky/multistored type of thallus) or upper surface of thallus more or less
smooth (not verruculose owing to numerous overlapping smaller secondary
lobules to 0.3–0.4 mm across with spherical/rounded marginal portions to
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0.1(–0.2) mm across) (see BP specimens cited below), in having grey to whitish grey or greenish grey thallus (not being brownish grey); in having mainly
lecanorine (vs. zeorine) apothecia, in having wider thalline exciple (vs. to 60
μm thick), in the lack of true exciple (vs. well-developed to 60 μm wide in the
uppermost lateral portion and to 20 μm thick in lower lateral and basal portion, scleroplectenchymatous, hyphae lumina to 1.5 μm diam.), as well as in
having wider ascospores (14–17 × 5–7 μm vs. 13–18 × 4–5 μm), in having very
common/abundant yellow conidiomata (vs. rather rare), as well as in different
substrate (growing on siliceous rocks vs. limestone) and distribution (coastal
areas of Eastern Asia), in the lack of distinct blastidia (vs. granules to 0.1–0.25
mm across), and in the lack of blastidious mass on the upper surface.
The status of Candelariella oleaginescens, is somewhat unclear (Poelt and
Vězda 1977, Thor and Wirth 1990), but it is distinguished from C. plumbea by
e.g. the thinner areolate or squamulose thallus, the smaller apothecia and the
longer ascospores.
Asian squamulose Candelariella species, i.e. C. kansuensis H. Magn. and C.
kansuensis f. frustulenta H. Magn., characterised by deeply yellow squamules
with shiny surface and very thick to 25–60 μm thick cortical layer according to
keys of Westberg et al. (2011) and Yakovchenko et al. (2012) are very different
from C. hakulinenii.
Candelariella hakulinenii specimens may be keyed out as C. rhodax, but the
latter species (based on type specimen of C. senior Poelt (VBI 2884) in Vězda,
Lich. sel. exs. 1184, from Romania, Dobrogea) differs from Korean material in
having larger, rosette-like thallus (1.5 cm or more across), in having distinctly
lobate thallus in peripheral zone (lobes to 1–2 mm long and 0.7–1.5(–2) mm
wide, and areoles much closely attached to the substrate in the centre of thallus (0.7–1(–1.5) mm across, not squamule-like), and divided by deep cracks (to
0.1 mm wide) between areoles, as well as in having mainly yellow thallus only
in peripheral zone and greyish-whitish (with whitish pruina) in the centre.
Squamule-like aggregations of Candelariella hakulinenii sometimes are
very similar to thalline squamules of Squamulea squamosa, a species with which
Candelariella hakulinenii often grows side by side. However, Squamulea squamosa differs in having yellow-brownish or yellow-greenish-brownish thallus,
and yellow-orange or orange-brownish lecanorine apothecia, Teloschistes-type
of asci and bipolar ascospores.
Additional specimen of Candelariella hakulinenii examined: Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon, Namyang-ri, Mountain 18-1,
seashore rocks, on basalt, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Orientophila leucerythrella and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis. Lat.: 37° 27’ 36.5” N; Long.: 130° 51’ 27.9” E; Alt.:
2 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161936), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040173 sub
Candelariella).
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Specimens of Candelariella plumbea examined: Hungary. Bükk Mts, Kemesnye (village), on limestone rocks growing together with Caloplaca cirrochroa, Lecanora sp., and Lecania sp. Coll.: Lőkös, L. (444a), 03.06.2008 (BP); the same locality, growing together with
Caloplaca cirrochroa, C. flavescens and Lecania sp. (444b), (BP).
Specimen of Candelariella rhodax examined: Romania. Dobrogea, distr. Tulcea, in valle
fluminis Casimcea inter pagos Gura Dobrogei et Tirgusor, alt. 50 m.s.m., ad saxa calcarea.
Coll.: Vězda, A., 12.07.1973. (VBI 2884: Vězda, Lichenes selecti exsiccati, nr. 1184 sub Candelariella senior Poelt).
Flavoplaca laszloana S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, spec. nova
(Figs 7–8)
MycoBank no.: MB 819925.
Similar to Flavoplaca flavocitrina, but differs in having thinner and much
larger, more greenish yellow or lemon yellow thalline areoles/squamules, in having
uplifted/exfoliated marginal portions dissolving in soredia and consoredia, in having
rather scarce soredious mass and very rarely apothecia, and in growing on siliceous
rocks in coastal zones, as well as in separate position after ITS phylogeny.
Type: Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon, Namyang-ri, Moutain 18-1, seashore rocks, on basalt,
growing together with Orientophila leucerythrella, Candelariella hakulinenii and
Pyrenopsis chejudoensis. Lat.: 37° 27’ 36.5” N; Long.: 130° 51’ 27.9” E; Alt.: 2 m
a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161936), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040173
sub Candelariella hakulinenii – holotype); the same locality, growing together
with Orientophila leucerythrella and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis, (161935), (KoLRI
040172 sub Flavoplaca – isotype).
Thallus (0.2–)0.5–1.5 cm across, at first regularly rounded, later becoming somewhat irregular, may form larger aggregations, crustose, upper surface green to greenish yellow or lemon yellow (to whitish grey or greyish in
shaded conditions or in cracks of rocky substrate), while soralia and soredious mass dull yellowish (slightly brighter of thalline areoles/squamules);
thalline areoles/squamules (0.2–)0.3–1.0(–1.2) mm across, at first areole-like,
plane, with marginal portions/edges closely attached to the substrate, which
later becoming squamule-like with undulating upper surface and characteristically uplifted or folded upwards marginal portions, of very wide variation
as after measurements of areoles as in development/presence of soredious
mass. Areoles mostly distant from each other, somewhat scattered, where
rock surface between them the same as measurements of areoles, rarely aggregated and closely located to each other, extremely rarely form portions of
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Fig. 7. Flavoplaca laszloana (KoLRI 161936 top, KoLRI 161923 bottom) enlarged portion of
thalline areoles/squamules. Scale 0.5 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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Fig. 8. Flavoplaca laszloana (KoLRI 161936) enlarged portion of thallus with apothecia. Scale
0.5 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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somewhat continuous thallus to 3 mm across (especially in rock cavernulas),
where only marginal uplifted portions forming portions with somewhat uplifted marginal soredious/blastidious mass to 0.1–0.2 mm across, also rarely
areoles more or less aggregated in the centre of thallus and have eroded/soredious upper surface without well-developed soralia.
In section the thallus (90–)110–130(–150) μm thick, cortical layer 25–30
μm thick, paraplectenchymatous, cell lumina 3–5(–7) μm diam./across, hyaline, sometimes uppermost portion somewhat darker, greyish in places; algal
zone to 75–100 μm thick, completely filled in by algal cells, continuous, algal
cells 12–20 μm diam.; medulla to 25–30 μm thick below algal zone rather seldom observed.
Soralia 0.15–0.3(–0.4) mm diam./across, somewhat rounded to irregular, mostly at the edge of thalline areole and with characteristically uplifted
thalline portions around soralia (folded upwards edges of soralia), mostly
without soredia or soredia becoming somewhat soredious; or exfoliated and
uplifted marginal portions of areoles/squamules dissolving into somewhat
uplifted soredious mass (especially better developed in cracks of rocky substrate); soredious mass mostly poorly developed and scarce to sometimes well
developed and uplifted (especially in rocky cracks). Soredia (15–)20–30(–32.5)
μm diam., usually observed very rarely, more seldom in more or less uplifted irregular aggregations, mostly with hyaline hyphal wall (soredia-type
sensu Poelt), or rarely with brownish yellow pigments in outer hyphal layer
(blastidia-type sensu Poelt); conblastidia to (40–)45–55 μm diam./across, from
more or less regularly rounded to somewhat irregularly ellipsoid, almost as
same common as soredia.
Apothecia to 0.3 mm diam., extremely rare, lecanorine or zeorine, with
greyish-whitish yellow thalline margin, seen only at the basis, own margin
bright yellow to 0.1 mm wide and disc dull greyish yellow, plane or somewhat concave. Asci and ascospores not seen. Conidiomata and conidia not
observed.
Chemistry: Cortical layer of thalline areoles/squamules (in section) and
soredia and consoredia K+ purple; containing parietin.
Ecology: On siliceous rocks in coastal zones, where often growing together with Orientophila leucerythrella, Pyrenopsis chejudoensis and Candelariella
hakulinenii, often overgrowing each other, as well as with members of the genera Catillaria, Verrucaria, etc.
Distribution: So far known only from the type locality, i.e.: Ulleung-do
Island, South Korea, Eastern Asia, where it was locally very abundant.
Etymology: It is named after our friend and colleague, a known Hungarian lichenologist László Lőkös (BP, Budapest) in recognition of his contribu-
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tion to the knowledge on the Korean lichen flora, as well as in thanks of his
cooperation and help during this work.
Taxonomic notes: Flavoplaca laszloana is similar to F. flavocitrina, after having areolate sorediate thallus, where thalline areoles/squamules predominant
and soredious mass very scarce, but differs in having thinner and much larger, more greenish yellow or lemon yellow thalline areoles/squamules, in having mostly uplifted/exfoliated marginal portions dissolving in soredia and
consoredia (vs. soredia appearing from the medulla of marginal portions of
very thick thalline areoles), in having rather scarce soredious mass and very
rarely apothecia, and in growing on siliceous rocks in coastal zones, as well as
in separate position after ITS phylogeny.
Similar material from the Russian Far East characterised by very badly
developed thalline areoles with characteristically uplifted soredious mass,
probably represents a still undescribed taxon, which differs from Flavoplaca
laszloana as in stage of development of thalline areoles, as well as in better development of soredious mass, and in the position within the Flavoplaca clade
of the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the Teloschistaceae after ITS phylogeny.
Furthermore in contrast to the Russian Far East taxon Flavoplaca laszloana is
characterised by the presence of greenish yellow or lemon yellow thallus well
contrasting to the dull yellow soredious mass (vs. bright yellow soredious
mass mostly observed).
It is also characterised by extremely rare occurrence of fertile stage and
we still are looking for getting better collection for checking differences in
apothecia.
ITS sequences were obtained for three voucher specimens of Flavoplaca
laszloana (i.e. nr. 161877 (voucher SK G82), nr. 161901 (voucher SK H00), nr.
161224 (voucher SK F56), as well as nr. 161225 (voucher SK F57) and nr. 161226
(voucher SK F58)).
Flavoplaca laszloana is similar to Orientophila chejuensis, in having soredious mass appearing along uplifted marginal fragments of thalline areoles
(and originally this material was included into O. chejuensis, see Kondratyuk
et al. 2016b). However, in contrast to Orientophila chejuensis, Flavoplaca laszloana
belongs to the Flavoplaca clade of the Xanthorioideae, while O. chejuensis is
the member of the Orientophila clade of the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the
Teloschistaceae.
Flavoplaca laszloana is similar to some species of the genus Squamulea (i.e.:
S. squamosa, S. subsoluta) after having areoles of squamule-type, i.e. rather
large size areoles with somewhat uplifted/exfoliated marginal portions. However, Flavoplaca laszloana differs from these species of the genus Squamulea in
the lack of apothecia, in having soralia and soredia/consoredia, as well as in
having lemon yellow (vs. brownish yellow or brownish orange-yellow) up-
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per surface of thalline areole, and in positioning in the Flavoplaca clade of the
Xanthorioideae, while species of the genus Squamulea are the member of the
Squamulea clade of the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the Teloschistaceae.
Additional specimens examined (see also list of specimens under Buellia ulleungdoensis, Candelariella hakulinenii, Orientophila leucerythrella, Placynthiella hurii): Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon, Namyang-ri, Turtle
Rock, seashore rocks, on basalt, growing together with Buellia sp., Pyrenopsis chejudoensis
and Orientophila leucerythrella. Lat.: 37° 27’ 36.62” N; Long.: 130° 51’ 27.69” E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161885), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040122 sub Buellia); the
same locality, growing together with Candelariella hakulinenii and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis,
(161891), (KoLRI 040128 sub Flavoplaca); the same locality, growing together with Verrucaria
sp. (161892), (KoLRI 040128 sub Verrucaria); the same locality, growing together with Candelariella hakulinenii, Pyrenopsis chejudoensis and Orientophila leucerythrella, (161893), (KoLRI
040130 sub Flavoplaca); the same locality, growing together with Pyrenopsis chejudoensis and
Orientophila leucerythrella, (161894), (KoLRI 040131 sub Pyrenopsis chejudoensis); the same
locality, growing together with Orientophila leucerythrella, (161901), (KoLRI 040138; DNA
voucher SK H00); the same locality, growing together with Candelariella hakulinenii and
Pyrenopsis chejudoensis, (161922), (KoLRI 040159); the same locality, growing together with
Candelariella hakulinenii, Orientophila leucerythrella, Pyrenopsis chejudoensis and Catillaria sp.
(161923), (KoLRI 040160 sub Orientophila leucerythrella); the same locality, growing together with Orientophila leucerythrella, Lecanora polytropa and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis, (161925),
(KoLRI 040162 sub Pyrenopsis chejudoensis); the same locality, growing together with Orientophila leucerythrella and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis, (161927), (KoLRI 040164 sub Orientophila
leucerythrella); the same locality, growing together with Pyrenopsis chejudoensis, (161928),
(KoLRI 040165 sub Pyrenopsis chejudoensis).
Leptosphaeria oxneriae Cl. Roux et S. Y. Kondr., spec. nova
(= “Pyrenidium” epixanthorium, ad int.)
(Fig. 9)
MycoBank no.: MB 819926.
Similar to Leptosphaeria clarkii, but differs in having bigger and aggregated
ascomata in characteristic swelling of host thalli, in having shorter ascospores, as well
as in having different host and distribution.
Type: Russia. Irkutsk region, valley of Irkutj river, [on bark of tree]. Coll.:
Elenkin, A., 05.1902 (LE – holotype; KW-L, IMI, MARSSJ – isotypes).
Lichenicolous fungus on thalli of Oxneria ulophyllodes. Vegetative hyphae
colourless and visible after colouration by cotton blue in lactophenol.
Ascomata (110–)120–180 μm in diam., 110–200 μm high; immersed into
medulla of host thallus and seen only as very small ostiole to 30–50(–60) μm
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diam., usually dark brown or blackish on surface of host thallus, usually aggregated (in groups to 16–30 ascomata together) in characteristic somewhat
subconvex deformations (or swellings) to 0.8–1(–2) mm diam./across, within
one host thalline lobe (somewhat similar to host lobe swellings caused by Lichenochora obscuroides with numerous immersed ascomata of the parasite, but
without any changes of colouration of the host thallus).
Ascomata obpyriform to subglobose, in section brown to greyish brown
or dark brown (especially at the ostiole), rarely to blackish brown, not setose, ostiolate, 40–60 μm diam. near the ostiole; peridium wall very thin, to
(5–)7–10(–12) μm thick, usually the same thickness everywhere, and slightly
thicker near the ostiole, up to 12–15(–20) μm thick, brown to dark brown,
rarely somewhat reddish brown, composed of 1.5–2(–3) layers of vertically
elongated cells, 3–4 μm diam. from one side and with widened second half
to 7 μm diam. Periphyses in the ostiolar canal, well developed, numerous,
11–17 × 1–1.5 μm, rather short. Pseudoparaphyses below the ostiolar canal
(sensu Roux and Triebel, or periphysoids according to other authors), 35–50
× 3.5–7 μm, short. Asci bitunicate, cylindrical, apices thick, 48–55 × 15–17 μm,
8-spored. Ascospores broadly fusiform, sometimes slightly unequal sized,
consistently 3-septate from the early stage, concolourous or somewhat yellowish-greenish or at most with very light brown wall, smooth-walled, rather
thin-walled, usually with somewhat wrinkled surface (or with somewhat
shrunken cell content), usually hardly seen and remain stuck together after
ascus broken, (13–)16–22(–27) × (5.5–)6–8(–8.5) μm (total 48 measurements).
Life form: lichenicolous on thalline lobes of foliose lichen Oxneria ulophyllodes growing on bark of trees.
Etymology: Species epithet refers to the generic position of the host.
Distribution: It is so far known from distant localities in Asian Russia
(Siberia) and India.
Taxonomic notes: Leptosphaeria oxneriae is similar to the lichenicolous fungus L. clarkii, but differs in having bigger (120–180 μm vs. 75–125 μm diam.)
and aggregated ascomata in characteristic swelling of host thalli (vs. ascomata
scattered and arising solitarily), in having shorter ascospores, as well as in
having different host (vs. Peltigera cf. rufescens) and distribution (Asia vs. Europe) (Hawksworth 1980).
From the key in Clauzade et al. (1989) Leptosphaeria oxneriae can be compared also with L. ramalinae (Desm.) Sacc., known from Ramalina thalli from
France and Luxembourg. However, this species is characterised by a slightly
smaller perithecia (about 125 μm diam.), much narrower asci (75–85 × 7–9
μm) and smaller ascospores with verrucose surface (13–16 × 4–6 μm according to Clauzade et al. 1989, and 14–16 × 4–5 μm according to Keissler 1930: 429
vs. (13–)16–22(–27) × (5.5–)6–8(–8.5) μm).
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In forming convex deformations with crowded ascomata on host thalli
Leptosphaeria oxneriae is very similar to Pyrenidium actinellum Nyl., but differs in having different structure of ascoma wall, in having 8-spored asci and
thinner ascus wall (ascospores without the characteristics of Pyrenidium, i.e.
without the apices thinner and paler and without obvious pores in the mid-
Fig. 9. Leptosphaeria oxneriae (holotype) enlarged portion of host thalline lobes with ascomata of lichenicolous fungus. Scale 0.5 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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dle of each septum), as well as in having colourless, and smaller ascospores
((13–)16–22(–27) × (5.5–)6–8(–8.5) μm vs. dark brown, (19–)20–30(–34) × (7–)8–
11(–12) μm in P. actinellum), as well as in different host (Hawksworth 1980).
From Sagediopsis campsteriana (Lindsay) D. Hawksw. et R. Sant., growing on Ochrolechia thalli, to which it can be keyed out from Hawksworth et
al. (2010), Leptosphaeria oxneriae differs in having completely immersed and
smaller ascomata ((110–)120–180 μm diam. vs. erumpent, 200–250 μm diam.),
and in having much longer and especially wider ascospores ((13–)16–22(–27)
× (5.5–)6–8(–8.5) μm vs. 12–18 × 4–6 μm), as well as in different distribution
(Asia vs. Europe).
From Cercidospora stereocaulorum (Arnold) Hafellner, growing on Stereocaulon dactylophyllum thalli, Leptosphaeria oxneriae differs in having larger ascomata ((110–)120–180 μm vs. 75–125 μm diam.), in having only 8-spored
asci (vs. 4(–6)-spored asci), and in having wider ascospores ((13–)16–22(–27) ×
(5.5–)6–8(–8.5) μm vs. 22–25 × (5–)5.5–6.5 μm).
From the little known “Arthopyrenia” allogena (Nyl.) Arnold Leptosphaeria oxneriae differs in having smaller ascomata ((110–)120–180 μm diam. vs.
(150–)200–300 μm diam.), in having only colourless and 3-septate ascospores
(vs. 1(–3)-septate, secondary septa thin and developing late, sometimes with
a brownish tinge), as well as in different ecology (vs. growing on Rhizocarpon
umbilicatum thalli), and distribution (vs. Europe, no recent records).
From the little known “Sphaerulina” dolichotera (Nyl.) Vouaux Leptosphaeria oxneriae differs in having brown ascomata (vs. golden), in having 3-septate
(vs. 3–5 septate) and wider ascospores ((13–)16–22(–27) × (5.5–)6–8(–8.5) μm
vs. 23–27 × 4–5 μm), as well as in different ecology (vs. growing on Collema
thalli), and distribution (vs. Europe, no recent records).
Additional specimens examined: India: NW Himalaya, Kashmir, Achhabal, alt. 6,500
ft, on bark of willow tree, on thalli of Xanthoria ulophyllodes var. subsorediosa (Räsänen)
Poelt et Petut. Coll.: Radhubir, H. C., Nov. 1949 (dupl., det V. Räsänen 1952) (LWG ex D.
D. Awasthi herb. No. 545 – isotype of Xanthoria substellaris var. subsorediosa Räsänen); W
Himalaya, Kashmir, Harwan Garden, alt. 5,400 ft, on bark of tree trunk, on thalli of Xanthoria ulophyllodes var. subsorediosa (Räsänen) Poelt et Petut. Coll.: (collector unmentioned)
(70137), 5.06.1970 (LWG-06721 sub Xanthoria ulophyllodes var. subsorediosa (Räsänen) Poelt
et Petut.).
Note: As far Oxneria ulophyllodes (Räsänen) S. Y. Kondr. et Kärnefelt is
correct current position of Xanthoria ulophyllodes Räsänen (see Fedorenko et al.
2012), new combination for subspecies subsorediosa within the genus Oxneria
is required/expected. However, material of this taxon is still under special revision and conclusion about its status will be published in separate paper on
members of the genus Oxneria from India (Kondratyuk et al., in prep.).
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Lichenostigma epiporpidiae S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, spec. nova
MycoBank no.: MB 819927.
Similar to Lichenostigma epipolina, but differs in having much narrower hyphae consisting of a single row of cells (not forming strains), in having dark brown
and smaller, irregularly rounded ascomata, and in having smaller ascospores.
Type: Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Haui-myeon, Hungwang-ri seaside, Hauido, on siliceous rock, growing on thalli of Porpidia. Lat.:
34° 37’ 55.05” N; Long.: 126° 00’ 44.03” E; Alt.: ca 6 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O., Park,
J. S. and Woo, J.-J. (130686), 28.06.2013 (KoLRI 019031 sub Porpidia – holotype).
Lichenicolous fungus growing on thalli of Porpidia somewhat close to
apothecia or at the edge of apothecia, not causing any visible damage. Vegetative hyphae superficial, black, forming by a single row of cells (not forming
strands) on the surface of the host thalli, especially close to apothecia or on the
edges of apothecia, usually single and distant/separated from each other and
not radially arranged on host thalli, rarely seen in groups.
Vegetative hyphae to 4–5 μm wide, with very rough/cracked surface,
sometimes (nr. 130678) to 8(–13) μm wide, dark brown with distinct, darker
grains on the surface, making to 3–4 lines/rows to 1–1.2 μm wide each.
Ascomata dark brown to blackish brown, superficial, subglobose, recognisable as thickenings of the vegetative hyphae to (15–)20–40 μm, initially
as spherical or more or less regularly rounded formations to (15–)20–30 μm
diam. becoming later 30–40 × 25–35 μm somewhat irregular or somewhat irregularly rounded or even seem to be grape-like consisting of smaller rounded portions to 20–25 μm diam., evolving in the central part of aggregated vegetative hyphae. Internal structure paraplectenchymatous, stromatic, hyphal
cells more or less spherical, mostly 4–5 μm diam.; wall of the external cells
dark brown, somewhat paler in the internal ones. Interascal filaments lacking. Asci usually only 1 per ascoma, subglobose. Ascospores 1-septate, brown,
distinctly constricted at the septum, one cell wide of the second (“foot”-like or
pear-like), both cells rounded (with rounded apices), while lower cells slightly elongated, rarely cell content collapsed, wall irregularly concave, without
visible halo 6–7(–7.5) × 3.2–4(–4.5) μm. Anamorph unknown.
Life form: Lichenicolous on Porpidia albocaerulescens. This fungus growing on the thallus especially close to apothecia or at the edge of apothecia
of the host blackening their surface with its hyphae and ascomata. Mostly it
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causes no apparent damage or alterations in the host because of its mainly
superficial development.
Distribution: So far known from scattered localities of South Korea, Eastern Asia.
Etymology: Species epithet refers to the genus Porpidia, the host of the
lichenicolous fungus.
Taxonomic notes: Lichenostigma epiporpidiae differs from all other species
of the Lichenostigma subgen. Lichenogramma in having very small ascospores
and one row vegetative hyphae (not forming strains).
Lichenostigma epiporpidiae is in somewhat intermediate position between
L. cosmopolites (on Xanthoparmelia spp.) and L. epipolina (on Diplotomma epipolium), as well as L. semiimmersa (on Buellia elegans and B. zoharyi).
Lichenostigma epiporpidiae is similar to L. epipolina Nav.-Ros., Calat. et
Hafellner, a lichenicolous fungus growing on the thalli and occasionally on the
apothecia of Diplotomma epipolium mostly without causing apparent damage
or alterations in the host, known from Europe (Spain, Italy), Northern Africa
(Tunisia) and arid Asia (Jordania, Afghanistan), but differs in having much
narrower hyphae consisting of a single row of cells (not forming strains) (vs.
strands simple or scarcely ramified 6–12(–20) μm wide and (20–)50–300 μm
long, to 2–3 cells row closer to ascomata), in having dark brown and smaller
irregularly rounded ascomata (20–45 μm across, vs. 35–65 × 35–50 μm, black,
mostly subglobose), and in having smaller ascospores (6–7(–7.5) × 3.2–4(–4.5)
μm vs. 10–12(–13) × 5.5–7(–8) μm).
Lichenostigma epiporpidiae is similar to L. cosmopolites Hafellner et Calat.
(on Xanthoparmelia spp.), a cosmopolitan species, in having subglobose ascomata and vegetative strands formed mostly by a single row of cells, but differs
in the lack of ramified or net-like strands and in having smaller ascospores.
Lichenostigma epiporpidiae is similar to L. semiimmersa Hafellner (on Buellia
elegans and B. zoharyi), which has similar vegetative strands with single row
of cells, and ellipsoid ascomata, while it differs in having smaller and dark
brown ascospores (6–7(–7.5) × 3.2–4(–4.5) μm vs. 7–10 × 4–5 μm, hyaline).
Additional specimens examined (paratypes): Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do:
Sinan-gun, Haui-myeon, Haui-do Island, Unggok-ri seaside, on siliceous rock, growing
on thalli of Porpidia. Lat.: 34° 36’ 07.07” N; Long.: 126° 00’ 52.02” E; Alt.: ca 20 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Oh, S.-O., Park, J. S. and Woo, J.-J. (130678), 28.06.2013 (KoLRI 019023 sub Porpidia). – Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Palgeum-do Island, on siliceous rock, growing on thalli of Porpidia
albocaerulescens. Lat.: 35° 47’ 8.39” N; Long.: 126° 08’ 11.54” E; Alt.: ca 0 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang,
X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110403), 02.06.2011 (KoLRI 012950 sub Porpidia).
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Mikhtomia geumohdoensis S. Y. Kondr., Liu D. et J.-S. Hur, spec. nova
(Figs 10–11)
MycoBank no.: MB 819928.
Similar to Caloplaca ussuriensis, but differs in having much smaller and thinner thallus, in the lack of yellow shade of the thallus, in having uplifted, usually
regularly rounded, hemispherical, convex soredious mass, and in having lamp-like or
torch-like soralia constricted at the basis, as well as in positioning in out position to
all known species of the genus Mikhtomia after ITS phylogeny.
Type: Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumodo Island, Simjang-ri, on bark of Zelkova serrata, growing together with Hyperphyscia and Pyxine spp. Lat.: 34° 30’ 52.5” N; Long.: 127° 43’ 36.6” E; Alt.: 71 m
a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. (160375), 10.06.2016 (KoLRI 38520 sub Mikhtomia
– holotype); the same locality, (160368, 160383, 160393), (KoLRI 38513, KoLRI
38528, KoLRI 38538 sub Mikhtomia – isotypes); the same locality, growing together with Hyperphyscia, (160373, 160374), (KoLRI 38518, KoLRI 38519 sub
Mikhtomia – isotypes); the same locality, growing together with Hyperphyscia
crocata, (160363, 160364), (KoLRI 38508, KoLRI 38509 sub Hyperphyscia crocata – isotypes); the same locality, growing together with Hyperphyscia crocata,
(160367, 160371, 160372), (KoLRI 38512, KoLRI 38516, KoLRI 38517 sub Mikhtomia – isotypes); the same locality, growing together with Hyperphyscia and Dirinaria spp. (160362), (KoLRI 38507 sub Mikhtomia – isotype); the same locality,
growing together with Hyperphyscia crocata and Dirinaria sp. (160392), (KoLRI
38537 sub Hyperphyscia crocata – isotype); the same locality, growing together
with Hyperphyscia and Pyxine spp. (160382), (KoLRI 38527 sub Mikhtomia –
isotype); the same locality, growing together with Phaeophyscia sp. (160370,
160376), (KoLRI 38515, KoLRI 38521 sub Mikhtomia – isotypes); the same locality, growing together with Rinodina sp. (160378), (KoLRI 38523 sub Mikhtomia
– isotype); the same locality, growing together with Rinodina sp. damaged
by Unguiculariopsis helmutii, (160381, 160385), (KoLRI 38526, KoLRI 38530 sub
Unguiculariopsis helmutii – isotypes); the same locality, growing together with
Rinodina and Dirinaria spp. (160384), (KoLRI 38529 sub Mikhtomia – isotype);
the same locality, growing together with Buellia griseovirens, (160386), (KoLRI
38531 sub Mikhtomia – isotype).
Thalli (0.2–)0.5–1 cm across, but usually form much larger aggregations,
very thin at edge and somewhat thicker in the centre; consisting of scattered
and distant minute flat areoles in peripheral portions to continuous in the
centre or sometimes cracked into small “areoles” to 0.5–0.8 mm across, which
seen only at the largest magnification (×100 and more); upper surface grey to
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Fig. 10. Mikhtomia geumohdoensis (holotype), general habit. Scale 0.5 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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whitish grey or greenish grey to dark grey or dark greenish grey in the centre,
where rather well contrasting to whitish grey semiconvex soralia or soredious
mass. Hypothallus whitish or whitish spots seen between thalline areoles.
Thallus in section to (40–)50–70 μm thick in the thickest central portion,
towards the peripheral portion becoming thinner; cortical layer to 7–10 μm
thick, paraplectenchymatous, cell lumina to 3–4(–7) μm across, hyaline or
somewhat brownish part in some places, sometimes very thin, to 5 μm thick
epinecral layer observed; completely filled in by algal zone, algal cells (7–)11–
17(–21) μm in diam./across; medulla not developed or very rarely dirty whitish layer to 20 μm thick below algal zone observed.
Soralia 0.2–0.5(–0.7) mm diam. (in section to 150(–200) μm thick), distinctly constricted at the basis, lamp-like or torch-like, semiconvex (with
semiconvex whitish grey soredious mass), initially as thalline protuberances
to 0.1–0.15 mm diam., somewhat uplifted above thalline level and becoming soredious in their uppermost portion, regularly rounded and distant and
scattered, semiconvex to convex, later becoming irregular and soredious mass
becoming confluent; sometimes uplifted edges of protuberances seem to form
“lecanorine”/thalline margin of soralia (like in some species of Pertusaria).
Fig. 11. Mikhtomia geumohdoensis (holotype), enlarged portion with thalline areoles and
soralia. Scale 0.5 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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Soredia small (12–)15–25(–35) μm diam., regularly rounded or spherical, whitish grey, while in places dull yellowish grey or yellowish-whitish
grey, algal cells surrounded by hyphal layer to 2–3 μm thick. Formation of
conblastidia (i.e. aggregations of soredia more than 35 μm diam./across) was
observed very rarely.
Apothecia, conidiomata and conidia unknown.
Chemistry: All reactions negative, no substances were detected by HPLC.
Ecology: Growing on bark of deciduous trees (i.e.: Zelkova spp.), usually
together with Hyperphyscia crocata, Phaeophyscia adiastola and Ph. rubropulchra.
Distribution: So far known from scattered localities of islands (Geumo-do
and Ulleung-do) and mainland of southern part of South Korea, Eastern Asia.
Etymology: It is named after Geumo-do (or Geumoh-do) Island, South
Korea, Eastern Asia, where the type collection was done.
Taxonomic notes: Mikhtomia geumohdoensis is similar to Caloplaca ussuriensis, but differs in having much smaller and thinner thallus, in the lack of yellow
shade of thallus, in having uplifted usually regularly rounded, hemispherical,
convex soredious mass, and in having lamp-like or torch-like soralia constricted at the basis, as well as in positioning in out position to all known species
of the genus Mikhtomia after ITS phylogeny (see also Kondratyuk et al. 2017).
Material of Mikhtomia geumohdoensis may resemble at initial stages Caloplaca alstrupii Søchting, but thalline protuberances very soon becoming soredious or mainly seen with semiconvex or convex soredious mass (not closed
in capsules/cavernulas as in C. alstrupii).
Korean material of Mikhtomia geumohdoensis was long period identified
as “green soredious crust” or as “Buellia aff. griseovirens”, because it was always collected only in sterile condition.
However, in contrast to Buellia griseovirens and similar Korean species
Amandinea trassii thallus of Mikhtomia geumohdoensis is usually much smaller
and in growing on bark of Zelkova (vs. mainly on bark of coniferous trees
in conditions of South Korea). Furthermore Mikhtomia geumohdoensis differs
in having lamp- or torch-like soralia with very uplifted and well-delimitated
soredious mass (vs. more immersed and crater-like soralia), and in having
persistently lighter, i.e. whitish or whitish-greyish soredious mass (vs. soredious mass becoming dark brownish grey or dark bluish blackish grey in places
(see Kondratyuk et al. 2016b), as well as in positioning in the Mikhtomia clade
of the subfamily Caloplacoideae of the Teloschistaceae after phylogenetic
analysis based on ITS1/ITS2 nrDNA sequences.
All specimens for which we have today ITS1/ITS2 data (i.e.: nr. 160372
(voucher SK F44), nr. 160373 (voucher SK F46), nr. 160374 (voucher SK F20),
nr. 160375 (voucher SK F21), nr. 160382 (voucher SK F23) from Geumoh-do
and nr. 161182 (voucher SK F14) from the Jiri Mts) form separate branch with
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the highest level of support within the Mikhtomia subphylum of the subfamily
Caloplacoideae of the Teloschistaceae.
Soredious mass of Mikhtomia geumohdoensis was sometimes very similar to soredious mass of Phaeophyscia adiastola, when they grow side by side.
However, later species is easily identified by presence of distinct foliose thallus with well-developed rhizines on underside.
Additional specimens examined: Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do
Island, Ulleung-gun, Buk-myeon, Na-ri, parking place at Naribunji, on bark (Zelkova serrata). Lat.: 37° 31’ 14.10” N; Long.: 130° 52’ 06.12” E; Alt.: 355 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S.
Y. and Lőkös, L. (161781), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040002).* – Gyeongsangnam-do: Sancheonggun, Sicheon-myeon, Naedae-ri, Jiri-san National Park, Georim Trail. Lat.: 35° 17’ 38.70” N;
Long.: 127° 41’ 55.55” E; Alt.: 990 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y., Lee, B. G. and Lőkös, L.
(161182, 161183), 30.06.2016 (KoLRI 039377, KoLRI 039378).
Orientophila dodongensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, spec. nova
(Fig. 12)
MycoBank no.: MB 819929.
Similar to Orientophila jungakimae, but differs in having only scattered and
distant areoles, which do not form continuous film, in having larger apothecia, in having scleroplectenchymatous true exciple, and in having narrower ascospores, and in
having wider ascospore septum, as well as in positioning in separate subbranch of the
Teloschistaceae after ITS1/ITS2 phylogeny.
Type: Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-gun, Ulleungeup, Dodong-ri, Dodong Port, on siliceous rock, growing together with Orientophila subscopularis, Flavoplaca laszloana, Hyperphyscia/Phaeophyscia sp., Candelariella hakulinenii, Lecanora polytropa, Amandinea cf. punctata, and Orientophila
leucerythrella. Lat.: 37° 28’ 59.9” N; Long.: 130° 54’ 40.7” E; Alt.: ca 20 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (162035), 11.07.2016 (KoLRI 040273 sub
Orientophila subscopularis – holotype; DNA voucher SK H45); the same locality, growing together with Orientophila yokjidoensis, Flavoplaca laszloana, Phaeophyscia sp. and Lecanora polytropa, (162033), (KoLRI 040271 sub Orientophila
yokjidoensis – isotype; DNA voucher SK H43).
Thallus 5–7 mm across, but mostly very indistinct, owing to that growing among other Orientophila species (i.e.: O. subscopularis, O. yokjidoensis, etc.);
areolate, no lobate areoles in peripheral zone observed, consisting of very
*
Specimen 161781 included to this species with hesitation, because after molecular
data it belongs to another unidentified branch.
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Fig. 12. Orientophila dodongensis (holotype), general habit. Scale 0.5 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
scattered and distant semiconvex or convex areoles, dull yellow or lemon
yellow; areoles 0.2–0.3(–0.4) mm diam./across, mostly convex, in section to
0.2–0.4(–0.6) mm thick, almost the same thick as in peripheral portion as in
the centre, or slightly thicker in the centre; sometimes aggregated in small
aggregation (“pseudoareoles”) to 0.5–1(–1.5) mm across, somewhat rounded,
warty, with 1(–2) apothecia per pseudoareoles, mostly distant and scattered,
sometimes aggregated in complex thallus. Hypothallus not observed.
Apothecia 0.3–0.8(–1) mm diam., and to 0.28–0.38(–0.4) mm thick, much
larger of thalline areoles, mostly situated separately between areoles or areole
aggregations, single and regularly rounded, or in groups to 2(–4) and associated with thalline areoles, zeorine, with more or less plane, dull brownish
yellow disc, very thin, to 40–60 μm wide (seen at ×100), dull or bright yellow or yellow-orange, usually permanent, own margin and with crenulate to
disappearing dull whitish yellow or bright lemon yellow to greenish yellow
thalline margin (seen at sides or basis); in section lecanorine, thalline exciple
to 110–120 μm wide, completely filled in by algal layer, cortical layer very
indistinct, better seen on underside to 18–20 μm thick, cell lumina somewhat
rounded, 4–7 μm diam./across, sometimes with brownish outermost layer to
5–7 μm thick, algal zone to 90–110 μm thick, algal cells 10–20 μm diam.; true
exciple 50–60(–80) μm thick in the uppermost lateral portion, to 20–30 μm
thick in the lower lateral and basal portion, scleroplectenchymatous, with well
developed matrix and hyphae lumina 1–2(–3) μm diam.; hymenium 55–70
μm high, hyaline without oil droplets; epihymenium 15–20 μm thick, yellowbrownish; subhymenium 40–50(–60) μm thick, hyaline, without oil droplets;
asci 8-spored, with ascospores very variegated in size within the same ascus;
ascospores bipolar, hyaline, mostly narrowly ellipsoid, (7–)8–11(–14) × 4–5.5(–6)
μm in water and (5–)7–12(–15) × (3–)5–7(–8) μm in K, septum (2–)4–5(–6) μm
wide in water and (2–)4–7(–8) μm wide in K.
Chemistry: Epihymenium, uppermost portion of true exciple and cortical layer of thalline exciple and thallus K+ purple, containing parietin.
Ecology: Growing on siliceous rock in coastal zones, growing together
with Orientophila subscopularis, Flavoplaca laszloana, Hyperphyscia/Phaeophyscia
sp., Candelariella hakulinenii, Lecanora polytropa, Amandinea cf. punctata, and
Orientophila leucerythrella.
Distribution: So far known from South Korea and Japan (see below specimen Orientophila sp. 22 after Arup et al. 2013), Eastern Asia.
Etymology: It is named after Dodong village of Ulleung-do Island, South
Korea, Eastern Asia, where the type collection was done.
Taxonomic notes: The genus Orientophila Arup, Søchting et Frödén originally included only two species, i.e.: Orientophila loekoesii (S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S.
Hur) Arup, Søchting et Frödén, and Orientophila subscopularis Arup et Frisch
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(Arup et al. 2013). It should be emphasised that voucher specimen of O. loekoesii,
referred as “South Korea, Joshi 100320, LD holotype” (Arup et al. 2013: 22) was
mentioned incorrectly; this specimen was not cited even among paratypes. The
holotype specimen of O. loekoesii was collected by Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, R. Y.
(110341), and it is deposited in the KoLRI 012919 (see Kondratyuk et al. 2012:
322). Furthermore Arup and colleagues have mentioned two more, still undescribed taxa as Orientophila sp. 21 and Orientophila sp. 22 (Arup et al. 2013).
Three more species of the genus Orientophila, i.e.: O. fauriei S. Y. Kondr.,
L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, O. jungakimae S. Y. Kondr., S.-O. Oh et J.-S. Hur, and O.
yokjidoensis S. Y. Kondr., S.-O. Oh et J.-S. Hur were described last year (Kondratyuk et al. 2016d).
Further four species of this genus, i.e. O. chejuensis, O. diffluens (see below this description), O. dodongensis, and O. leucerythrella (see under “New to
Korea taxa”), confirmed by ITS phylogeny of the Teloschistaceae are added in
this paper.
Totally the genus Orientophila includes 9 species of which four species
form separate subbranch of crustose taxa (O. chejuensis, O. diffluens, O. fauriei
and O. leucerythrella), which positioned in sister position to subbranch with
mainly lobate members of this genus.
After ITS1/ITS2 nrDNA sequences (nr. 162033 (voucher SK H43), nr.
162035 (voucher SK H45)) Orientophila dodongensis is positioned within the subclade of the Orientophila clade with the lobate taxa O. subscopularis, O. jungakimae and O. yokjidoensis, and the crustose lichen O. loekoesii.
According to our results of ITS phylogeny Orientophila sp. 22 (Arup et al.
2013) also belongs to Orientophila dodongensis.
From lobate species O. subscopularis, O. jungakimae and O. yokjidoensis, Orientophila dodongensis differs in having only areolate thallus, where areolae are
mostly distant and scattered, and in the lack of lobate thalline portions in the
peripheral zone, as well as in having mostly narrower ascospores (see below).
Orientophila dodongensis is similar to O. jungakimae, known so far only
from South Korea, but differs in having only scattered and distant, small, semiconvex to convex areoles, which do not form continuous film (vs. thallus distinctly lobate and rosette-like), in having larger apothecia (0.3–0.8(–1) mm vs.
0.25–0.5 mm diam.), in having scleroplectenchymatous true exciple (vs. Blastenia-type sensu Kondratyuk et al. 2014a), and in having narrower ascospores
(8–11 × 4–5.5 μm vs. (6–)7–11(–12) × 5.5–7 μm), and in having somewhat wider
ascospore septum (4–5 μm vs. 3–4.5 μm wide) (Kondratyuk et al. 2016d), as
well as in positioning in separate subbranch of the Orientophila branch of the
subfamily Xanthorioideae of the Teloschistaceae after ITS1/ITS2 phylogeny.
Orientophila dodongensis is also similar to O. subscopularis Arup et Frisch,
originally described from Japan, but now also known from South Korea, but
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differs in having only scattered and distant, small, semiconvex to convex areoles, which do not form continuous film, and in the lack of lobate thalline portions in the peripheral zone (vs. distinctly lobate and rosette-forming thallus),
in having much larger and zeorine apothecia, in having very thin and mostly
crenulated and often disappearing (seen only at sides or basis) thalline margin, in having plane disc (vs. concave), in having scleroplectenchymatous true
exciple (vs. Blastenia-type), in having lower hymenium (55–70 μm vs. 100–110
μm high), and thinner subhymenium (40–50 μm vs. ca 120 μm thick), as well
as in having shorter and narrower ascospores (8–11 × 4–5.5 μm vs. 12–15 ×
5.5–6.5 μm) (Arup et al. 2013), as well as in positioning in separate subbranch
of the Orientophila branch of the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the Teloschistaceae after ITS1/ITS2 phylogeny.
Orientophila dodongensis is similar to O. yokjidoensis S. Y. Kondr., S.-O.
Oh et J.-S. Hur, known so far only from South Korea, but differs in having
only scattered and distant, small, semiconvex to convex areoles, which do not
form continuous film, in having zeorine apothecia with disappearing thalline
margin (vs. lecanorine apothecia with permanent and much thicker thalline
margin), in having well-developed true exciple in basal portion (vs. indistinct
or absent at the base), and in having narrower ascospores (8–11 × 4–5.5 μm vs.
(7–)9–12(–13) × (5–)5.5–7 μm) (Kondratyuk et al. 2016d), as well as in positioning in separate subbranch of the Orientophila branch of the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the Teloschistaceae after ITS1/ITS2 phylogeny.
From crustose species O. loekoesii S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, known so far
only from South Korea, Orientophila dodongensis differs in having very indistinct and smaller thallus (vs. to 1.5–3 cm across), in having only areolate thallus, where areoles are mostly distant and scattered, which do not form continuous film (vs. the same convex areoles soon becoming densely aggregated
and forming warty surface of continuous film of thallus), and in having somewhat shorter ascospores (8–11 × 4–5.5 μm vs. (9–)10–12(–14) × (4–)4.5–5.5(–6.5)
μm) (Kondratyuk et al. 2012), as well as in positioning in separate subbranch
of the Orientophila branch of the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the Teloschistaceae after ITS1/ITS2 phylogeny.
Orientophila dodongensis often grow together with O. subscopularis and
Flavoplaca laszloana, among which only the latter differs in having somewhat
semiconvex soredious mass.
NEW COMBINATIONS
Orientophila chejuensis (S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur) S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös
et J.-S. Hur, comb. nova – MycoBank no.: MB 819930. – Basionym: Caloplaca chejuensis S. Y. Kondr. et Hur, in Kondratyuk, Lőkös, Zarei-Darki and Hur, Acta
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Bot. Hung. 54(3–4): 314 (2012). – Position of this taxon in the Orientophila clade
of the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the Teloschistaceae is confirmed by three
voucher specimens based on ITS phylogeny.
Orientophila diffluens (Hue) S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, comb.
nova – MycoBank no.: MB 819931. – Basionym: Lecanora diffluens Hue, Annls
Mycol. 13(2): 81 (1915). ≡ Caloplaca diffluens (Hue) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univers.
7: 114 (1930) [1931]. – Position of this taxon in the Orientophila clade of the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the Teloschistaceae is confirmed by three voucher
specimens based on ITS phylogeny.
Physcia orientostellaris S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, spec. nova
(Figs 13–14)
MycoBank no.: MB 819932.
Similar to Physcia stellaris, but differs in having saxicolous, mainly irregular
thalli often aggregated in groups, in having almost the same narrow through the
whole length, in having not so regularly radially orientated lobes, in having rather
scarce and smaller apothecia, in having epruinose disc, in having Catillaria-type
caps on paraphysis tips, in having shorter ascospores, and in positioning in separate
branch after molecular phylogeny.
Type: Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Bogil-myeon, Bogil
Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 09’ 26.40” N; Long.: 126° 37’ 25.75” E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (41671), 31.12.2004 (KoLRI 002467 – holotype; DNA voucher
as 41671 KoLRI).
Thallus epilithic, often aggregated in groups, emaculate, esoredious,
white or whitish grey to light grey; thalline lobes to 3–5(–10) mm long, usually to 0.7–0.8 mm wide, somewhat semiconvex or with bent downwards
lobe ends in marginal zone and seem to be semiconvex, slightly widened and
flattened towards the tips to 1–1.5 mm wide, while almost through the total
length the same 0.7–0.8 mm wide. Underside white, rhizines white along the
edges or seldom and scarce in the middle of lobes, usually 0.4–0.6 mm long.
Thallus in section (150–)200–320 μm thick, upper cortical layer to 25 μm
thick, with upper brownish portion to 15 μm thick, and inner portion to 10
μm thick hyaline, paraplectenchymatous; algal zone to 40–50(–60) μm thick,
algal cells 10–20 μm in diam.; lower cortical layer to 30–45 μm thick, prosoplectenchymatous, hyphae orientated along the lobe length; medullary plectenchyma to 50–170 μm thick, without cavity.
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Apothecia to 1.1(–1.5) mm diam., 0.4 mm thick in section, thalline exciple
to 100 μm thick, cortical layer to 20–40 μm thick especially in lower lateral
portion and on underside. Hymenium to 80 μm high; paraphyses with blackbrown caps (Catillaria-type) to 3–4 μm diam.; ascospores elongated, narrowly
fusiform with somewhat attenuated ends, while shortly ellipsoid also observed, often one ends narrower of the other, (somewhat Pyrenidium-like owing to much lighter ends), often overmature somewhat collapsed or loosing
forms are often observed in section, (11–)12–18(–19) × 6–8(–9) μm in water,
and (13–)14–19(–21) × (6–)7–9(–10) μm in K.
Conidiomata to 100–150 μm diam./across, often aggregated and seem to be
in grape-like aggregations; conidia narrowly bacilliform, 2.5–3.5 × 0.7–0.9 μm.
Chemistry: Cortex K+ yellow, medulla K–. Atranorin.
Ecology: Growing on siliceous rocks especially often in coastal areas.
Distribution: So far it is confirmed for South Korean material. However,
we suggest that it is rather common but overlooked in the Eastern Asian region.
Etymology: Species is named after its Eastern Asian distribution and
similarities with Physcia stellaris.
Taxonomic notes: Physcia orientostellaris is similar to Ph. stellaris (L.) Ach.,
a corticolous species, growing on trunks and branches of various deciduous
trees, eventually with some preference for Populus tremula, and very rarely
registered on stones, known from arctic, boreal and temperate vegetation
zones in Eurasia and North America, also in Africa, South America and Australia and which is characterised by the narrow lobes, the weakly creamy grey
colour, the lack of distinct maculae, the abundant apothecia, very variable size
in one and the same thallus, the K– medulla and the corticolous habitat, and
in the lack of soralia.
However, Physcia orientostellaris differs from Ph. stellaris in having saxicolous mainly irregular thalli often aggregated in groups (vs. mainly corticolous, regularly orbicular, rarely confluent with other thalli in Physcia stellaris),
in having almost the same narrow through the whole length (to 0.7–0.8 mm
wide), (vs. very variable in width to 3 mm wide), in having not so regularly radially orientated lobes (vs lobes mainly regularly radiating), in having rather
scarce and smaller apothecia (vs. usually abundant, very variable in size in
one and the same thallus, to 4 mm diam.), in having epruinose disc (vs. disc
often pruinose), in having Catillaria-type caps on paraphysis tips (vs. without
caps, after our data), in having shorter ascospores ((11–)12–18(–19) × 6–8(–9)
μm vs. (17–)18–21 × (8.5–)9–9.5(–10) μm from our data, see voucher below,
and (14–)17.5–22.5(–28) × (6.5–)8–10(–12) μm after Ahti et al. 2002), and in positioning in separate monophyletic branch after molecular phylogeny based
on ITS nr DNA sequences.
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Fig. 13. Physcia orientostellaris (holotype), general habit of peripheral portion of thallus.
Scale 2 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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Fig. 14. Physcia orientostellaris (holotype), general habit of central portion of thallus. Scale 2
mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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In contrast to Kashiwadani’s description of Japanese specimens of Physcia stellaris (Kashiwadani 1975), which according to our opinion could be conspecific with Physcia orientostellaris, algae are larger, thickness of thallus is also
larger, and lower sides (underside) of thallus is whitish or yellowish (not pale
brown), as well as rhizines are mainly shorter (to 0.5 mm long vs. to 1.5 mm
long). We would like to emphasise that we suppose that Korean and Japanese
material will be conspecific, but it should be revised especially.
Totally ITS nrDNA sequences were obtained for 6 specimens of the new
taxon, i.e. (vouchers nr. 120788, nr. 41671, nr. 41642, nr. 41649, nr. 40912, and
nr. 50213). All these sequences form separate a branch in sister position to
three other branches of other species of the genus Physcia. It should be mentioned that data on Physcia stellaris in GenBank are rather heterogeneous at
the moment and specimens of European or Northern Hemisphere material
are present in three separate branches (additionally to Physcia orientostellaris
branch) (i.e. mainly Asian Physcia stellaris group, Physcia stellaris-Ph. bizianaPh. leptalea group, Physcia stellaris-Ph. albicans group). The further analysis of
molecular data on Physcia stellaris aggregation is in progress and results will
be published in separate publication.
Additional specimens examined: Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangnam-do: Namhaegun, Seo-myeon, seaside at Seosang-ri, on rock. Lat.: 34° 48’ 51.18” N; Long.: 127° 49’ 41.88”
E; Alt.: 2 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110208), 28.04.2011 (KoLRI 013422). –
Gyeongsangnam-do: Namhae-gun, Changseon-myeon, Changseon Island, seaside at Jijokri, on rock. Lat.: 34° 50’ 27.31” N; Long.: 127° 58’ 40.87” E; Alt.: 2 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X.
Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110251), 29.04.2011 (KoLRI 013465). – Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do Island,
Chuja-myeon, Sinyang-1-ri, seashore of Mojini-mongdol, on rock. Lat.: 33° 56’ 44.9” N;
Long.: 126° 20’ 03.01” E; Alt.: 57 m, on rock. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (140885),
21.06.2014 (KoLRI 023396); the same locality, (140901-1), (KoLRI 023416). – Jeju-do: Jeju-si,
Chuja-do Island, Chuja-myeon, along the western coast, seashore rocks at Muk-ri, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 33° 56’ 32.5” N; Long.: 126° 18’ 55.72” E; Alt.: 10 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk,
S. Y. (141166), 22.06.2014 (KoLRI 023726). – Jeju-do: Jeju-do Island, Seogwipo-si, Seongsaneup, Ojo-ri, coastal road, on rock. Lat.: 33° 27’ 53.45” N; Long.: 126° 55’ 08.56” E; Alt.: ca 10
m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (040912), 29.08.2004 (KoLRI 001702; DNA voucher as 40912 KoLRI).
– Jeollabuk-do: Gunsan-si, Okdo-myeon, Sinsi-do Island, Sinsido-ri, on rock. Lat.: 35° 49’
08.8” N; Long.: 126° 27’ 55.8” E; Alt.: 19 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110822),
22.08.2011 (KoLRI 013831). – Jeollanam-do: Goheung-gun, Geumsan-myeon, Geogeum-do
Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 25’ 20.8” N; Long.: 127° 08’ 43.1” E; Alt.: 10 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur,
J.-S. (050213), 07.05.2005 (KoLRI 003117; DNA voucher as 50213 KoLRI). – Jeollanam-do:
Goheung-gun, Geumsan-myeon, Geogeum-do Island, Ojeon-ri, Okryong coast, on rock.
Lat.: 34° 26’ 16.9” N; Long.: 127° 07’ 15.4” E; Alt.: 6 m, on rock. Coll.: Jayalal, U., Park, J.
S. and Ryu, J. A. (120036), 17.04.2012. (KoLRI 014627); the same locality, (120046), (KoLRI
014638). – Jeollanam-do: Goheung-gun, Geumsan-myeon, Geogeum-do Island, Sinpyeongri coast, on rock. Lat.: 34° 28’ 30.4” N; Long.: 127° 14’ 03.6” E; Alt.: 1 m a.s.l. Coll.: Jayalal,
U., Park, J. S. and Ryu, J. A. (120067), 17.04.2012 (KoLRI 014660). – Jeollanam-do: Goheunggun, Doyang-eup, Sorok-do Island, Sorok-ri, on rock. Lat.: 34° 31’ 12.08” N; Long.: 127° 07’
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28.18” E; Alt.: ca 20 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (030081), 23.03.2003 (KoLRI 000055). – Jeollanam-do: Goheung-gun, Yeongnam-myeon, Ucheon-ri, Yongam village, Yongbawi seaside,
on rock. Lat.: 34° 35’ 45.9” N; Long.: 127° 30’ 22.5” E; Alt.: 10 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Jeon, H.
S. and Han, G. S. (100312), 19.02.2010 (KoLRI 011822); the same locality, (100343), (KoLRI
011852). – Jeollanam-do: Jindo-gun, Hachodo Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 19’ 0.50” N; Long.:
126° 02’ 22.9” E; Alt.: 3 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110901), 23.08.2011. (KoLRI
013893). – Jeollanam-do: Jindo-gun, Jeob-do Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 23’ 41.14” N; Long.:
126° 18’ 8.80” E; Alt.: 1 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110505), 03.06.2011. (KoLRI
013549). – Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Palgeum-myeon, Palgeum-do Island, on rock. Lat.: 34°
47’ 44.0” N; Long.: 126° 10’ 13.1” E; Alt.: 2 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110366),
02.06.2011 (KoLRI 012932). – Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Heuksan-myeon, Heuksan-do Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 40’ 54.1” N; Long.: 125° 26’ 40.3” E; Alt.: 3 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X.
Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110522), 21.06.2011 (KoLRI 013566); the same locality, (110538), (KoLRI
013579). – Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Sinui-myeon, Sinui-do Island, Hatae-gil seaside, on
rock. Lat.: 34° 32’ 27.02’’N; Long.: 126° 02’ 11.01’’ E; Alt.: 11 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O., Park,
J. S. and Woo, J.-J. (130574), 28.06.2013 (KoLRI 018919); the same locality, (130575), (KoLRI
0189209). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Bogil-myeon, Bogil-do Island, Jung-ri, Jungri Beach
seaside, on rock. Lat.: 34° 09’ 47.06” N; Long.: 126° 35’ 28.92” E; Alt.: 13 m a.s.l. Coll. Joshi,
Y., Jeon, H. S. and Jeong M. H. (100205), 06.02.2010. (KoLRI 011705). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Bogil-myeon, Bogil-do Island, Tong-ri, near Tongri Beach, on rock. Lat.: 34° 09’
28.05” N; Long.: 126° 35’ 9.00” E; Alt.: 3 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Jeon, H. S. and Jeong, M. H.
(100192), 06.02.2010 (KoLRI 011692); the same locality, growing together with Jasonhuria
bogilana, (100196), (KoLRI 011696 sub Physcia). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Bogil-myeon,
Bogil-do Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 09’ 17.52” N; Long.: 126° 34’ 43.26” E; Alt.: 2 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110591), 22.06.2011 (KoLRI 013625). – Jeollanam-do: Wandogun, Bogil-myeon, Bogil-do Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 09’ 16.50” N; Long.: 126° 34’ 44.40”
E; Alt.: 3 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110634), 22.06.2011 (KoLRI 013662);
the same locality, (110636), (KoLRI 013664). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Bogil-myeon,
Bogil-do Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 10’ 42.48” N; Long.: 126° 32’ 02.22” E; Alt.: 12 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110648), 23.06.2011 (KoLRI 013676); the same locality,
(110655), (KoLRI 013683). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Cheongsan-do Island, Cheongsanmyeon, Eup-ri, on rock. Lat.: 34° 09” 11.22” N; Long.: 126° 52’ 49.26” E; Alt.: 2 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110709), 23.06.2011 (KoLRI 013737). – Jeollanam-do: Wandogun, Yaksan-myeon, Joyak-do Island, Deugam-ri, on rock. Lat.: 34° 21’ 38.8’’ N; Long.: 126°
53’ 34.07’’ E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l. Coll.: Jayalal, U., Park, J. S. and Ryu, J. A. (120126), 18.04.2012.
(KoLRI 014720). – Jeollanam-do: Yeong-gwang, Baeksu-eup, Baekam-ri, west sea side, on
rock growing together with Aspicilia sp. Lat.: 35° 19’ 34.4” N; Long.: 126° 22’ 43.8” E; Alt.:
ca 6 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110304, 110310), 01.06.2011 (KoLRI 012901
sub Aspicilia, KoLRI 012897). – Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do, Dumo-ri,
Jickpo coast, on rock. Lat.: 34° 30’ 45.00” N; Long.: 127° 44’ 14.8” E; Alt.: 6 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Jayalal, U., Park, J. S. and Ryu, J. A. (120340), 26.04.2012. (KoLRI 015329); the same locality,
growing together with Pyxine sp. (120373), (KoLRI 015362 sub Physcia). – Jeollanam-do:
Yeosu-si, Samsan-myeon, Geomun-do Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 00’ 13.3” N; Long.: 127°
19’ 29.2” E; Alt.: 52 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (070062), 23.03.2007 (KoLRI 007049); the same
locality, (070064), (KoLRI 007051). – Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Samsan-myeon, Geomun-do
Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 00’ 39.3” N; Long.: 127° 19’ 05.57” E; Alt.: 16 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur,
J.-S. (070081), 24.03.2007 (KoLRI 007068). – Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Samsan-myeon, Geomun-do Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 00’ 38.2” N; Long.: 127° 19’ 07.5” E; Alt.: 10 m a.s.l. Coll.:
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Hur, J.-S. (070119), 24.03.2007. (KoLRI 007106). – Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Samsan-myeon,
Geomun-do Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 00’ 31.7” N; Long.: 127° 19’ 14.7” E; Alt.: 92 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (070159), 24.03.2007 (KoLRI 007146).
Specimen of Physcia stellaris examined: Hungary. Buda Mts, Budapest, 2nd district,
Cseppkő u. 23/B, on bark of Malus. Coll.: Lőkös, L., 24.06.2016 (KoLRI).
Placynthiella hurii S. Y. Kondr. et L. Lőkös, spec. nova
(Figs 15–16)
MycoBank no.: MB 819933.
Similar to Acarospora moenium, after having whitish grey or light grey very
uplifted irregular areoles, but differs in having smaller thalline areoles and in the lack
of soredia, as well as in positioning in the Placynthiella branch of the Trapeliaceae
after ITS1/ITS2 phylogeny.
Type: Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon, Namyang-ri, in front of Tonggumi mongdol Beach,
on siliceous rock, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Verrucaria and
Buellia spp. Lat.: 37° 27’ 33.1” N; Long.: 130° 52’ 05.5” E; Alt.: ca 4 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161970), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040207 sub
Placynthiella – holotype); the same locality, growing together with Buellia sp.
(161940), (KoLRI 040177 sub Buellia – isotype; DNA voucher SK H04); the same
locality, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Catillaria sp. and Rufoplaca
kaernefeltiana, (161941), (KoLRI 040178 sub Flavoplaca laszloana – isotype); the
same locality, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, (161944), (KoLRI
040181 sub Flavoplaca laszloana – isotype); the same locality, growing together
with Amandinea sp. and Flavoplaca laszloana, (161945), (KoLRI 040182 sub Placynthiella – isotype; DNA voucher SK H05); the same locality, growing together with Acarospora ulleungdoensis, Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana and Buellia, (161946),
(KoLRI 040183 sub Placynthiella – isotype; DNA voucher SK H06); the same
locality, growing together with Amandinea sp., Flavoplaca laszloana and Verrucaria sp. (161947), (KoLRI 040184 sub Amandinea – isotype); the same locality,
growing together with Acarospora ulleungdoensis and Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana,
(161955), (KoLRI 040192 sub Placynthiella – isotype; DNA voucher SK H11); the
same locality, growing together with Acarospora ulleungdoensis and Rufoplaca
kaernefeltiana, (161959), (KoLRI 040196 sub Placynthiella – isotype); the same
locality, growing together with Buellia and Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana, (161969),
(KoLRI 040206 sub Placynthiella – isotype; DNA voucher SK H13); the same locality, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana and Buellia, (161974), (KoLRI
040211 sub Buellia – isotype).
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Thallus to 0.5–1(–3) mm across, consisting of very scattered and distant
areoles of two different morphotypes: i.e. the first morphotype: horizontally
orientated, 0.3–0.5(–0.7) mm across, more or less plane and closely attached
to the substrate, dull grey, very indistinct, almost not/or hardly differentiated from substrate areoles, and the second morphotype: differing from the
first one in having distinct white pruina on areoles, but characterising by very
variable areoles from very plane or with almost even or very slightly undulating surface seems to be very thick, convex areoles, sometimes of Toninia-like
areoles varying from 0.3–0.4 mm to 0.5–0.8(–1.2) mm across, with well distinct
white pruina (or aggregations of crystals see below) especially in the centre,
from very scarce and scattered, more or less distant and regularly rounded to
aggregated, of very varying shape, from convex almost rounded protuberances
or highly uplifted warts, somewhat Toninia-like, to uplifted or ascending portions of irregular shape, often attached only by one side, sometimes dissected
or mechanically broken/eaten; sometimes areoles of the second morphotype
white or white-greyish with very narrow to 0.1 mm wide greyish or brownish
greyish edge; the largest aggregations of the second morphotype (whitish)
areoles usually to 0.5–1(–3) mm across and often seen along the rock cracks.
In section the plane, closely attached to the substrate areoles (of both the
first and the second morphotypes), as well as the convex or wart-like areoles
of the second morphotype found to be very thin, only in the first case attached
by algal zone to the substrate, in other cases with hollow, but still very thin
consisting only of cortical and algal layers. Total thickness of thallus varying
between 80–90(–120) μm and 150–170 μm thick (in nr. 161947). Cortical layer
in the first morphotype paraplectenchymatous with almost rounded cell lumina to 4–6(–10) μm diam. Very rarely soredia to 20 μm diam., with very thick
hyphal wall to 5–7 μm thick, with cells/hyphae to 4–5 μm wide and algal cells
(6–)8–14 μm diam. observed in the section of thalline areoles of the first morphotype. Sometimes the same soredia (to 20 μm diam.) form conblastidia to 35
μm diam. However, soredia were never observed in the sections of the second
morphotype, and in general it is very questionable, if they belong to this taxon.
In the second morphotype the cortical layer up to 15–20(–25) μm thick,
greyish or dull greyish owing to crystals, and in fact consisting only from
aggregations of crystals to 15–20 μm across (better seen in K or C), while cellular structure of cortex observed only in very narrow layer to 5–7 μm thick
between white depositions and algal zone and algal layer to 70–90(–110) μm
thick. Algal cells 8–10(–14) μm diam./across. No hyphal formations below algal zone as on attached areoles, as exfoliated or forming protuberances thalline portions were found. In portions with white pruina/depositions well presented algal zone very densely filled in by algal cells and more intense dark
green (and no soredia formation observed).
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Fig. 15. Placynthiella hurii (holotype), general habit of aggregations of areoles of the second
morphotype. Scale 0.5 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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Apothecia and conidiomata not observed.
Chemistry: In section the cortical layer C+, becoming dull pink for short
period; containing lecanoric and gyrophoric acids (TLC).
Fig 16. Placynthiella hurii (holotype), enlarged portions with areoles of the second morphotype. Scale 0.5 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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Ecology: Growing mainly on very unstable portions of dust or soil between rock portions, rarely on rock surface (why it is problematic to collect).
Distribution: It is so far known only from scattered localities in Ulleungdo Island of South Korea, Eastern Asia. It is highly likely that this lichen is often
overlooked, especially when it is represented only by the first morphotype, i.e.
by horizontally orientated dull greyish, plane areoles ca 0.4 mm across closely
attached to the substrate. They are usually separate and distant, or aggregated
in very small groups (1–3 individual areoles together) (especially along the
rock undulations). In this stage they are extremely hardly recognised. However, if they can be recognised it will be impossibly identified owing to the
sterile stage. The second morphotype of thalline areoles (in contrast of the first
one) is better distinct owing to whitish upper surface of areoles.
Etymology: It is named after our friend and colleague, a known South
Korean lichenologist Jae-Seoun Hur (KoLRI, Sunchon) in recognition of his
contribution to knowledge on Korean lichen flora, as well as in thanks of his
cooperation and help during this work.
Taxonomic notes: Placynthiella hurii is similar to Acarospora moenium
(Vain.) Räsänen, after having whitish grey or light grey very uplifted irregular areoles, but differs in having smaller thalline areoles and in the lack of
soredia, as well as in positioning in the Placynthiella branch of the Trapeliaceae
after ITS1/ITS2 phylogeny.
So far five ITS1/ITS2 nrDNA sequences for the following voucher specimens of Placynthiella hurii i.e.: nr. 161940 (DNA voucher SK H03), nr. 161945
(DNA voucher SK H05), nr. 161946 (DNA voucher SK H06), nr. 161955 (DNA
voucher SK H11), nr. 161969 (DNA voucher SK H13), were included in the
phylogenetic analysis of the Trapeliaceae. All these specimens mentioned
form separate subbranch within the Placynthiella branch of the Trapeliaceae
after ITS data set.
Sometimes areoles of the second morphotype are very similar to Toninialike areoles, but differs in being very scarce, usually distant and if aggregated
forming very minute thalli to 0.5–0.7(–1) mm across while single areoles very
hardly seen.
When thalline areoles attached only by one side and another side ascending or vertically orientated sometimes fine granules along the edge may observe, which resemble soredious mass of Acarospora moenium. However, these
particles/granules irregular, they concolourous with thallus, whitish grey or
somewhat brownish grey (they are not regularly rounded, and do not appear
from soralia-like formations or from the medulla).
On another side, small granules of crystals in cracks of white pruina of
the second morphotype (see Fig. 16) also seem to be similar to soredious mass.
However, these small granules of crystals are white and irregular in contrast
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to regularly rounded or elongate granular blackish soredia encrusting the
lower side of thalline squamules of Acarospora moenium.
Furthermore Placynthiella hurii differs from Acarospora moenium in having
much thinner and white or whitish grey thalline areoles (vs. convex uplifted
squamules and pale pink or pale grey), and in the lack of medulla, where soralia
mainly produce regularly rounded or elongate granular blackish soredia 18–24
μm diam./across encrusting the lower side. However, it should be mentioned
that after having undulating upper surface and being whitish colour owing to
the rich cover of aggregations of crystals these two taxa are very similar.
Protoparmeliopsis kopachevskae S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et
J.-S. Hur, spec. nova
(Figs 17–18)
MycoBank no.: MB 819934.
Similar to Protoparmeliopsis muralis, but differs in having grey to whitegrey or grey-green uniformly thin thallus throughout, in having plane or somewhat
subconcave thalline lobes, in having white outermost edges of lobe, in having thinner
upper cortical layer, in having crystals insoluble in K, in having apothecium discs
concolourous with thallus, as well as in the lack of isousnic acid.
Type: Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-gun, Ulleungeup, Dodong-ri, Dodong Port, on rock, growing together with Anaptychia and
Buellia spp. Lat.: 37° 28’ 59.9” N; Long.: 130° 54’ 40.7” E; Alt.: ca 20 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161986), 11.07.2016 (KoLRI 040224 sub Protoparmeliopsis – holotype); the same locality, growing together with Yoshimuria aff. spodoplaca, Anaptychia, and Catillaria spp. (161997), (KoLRI 040235 sub
Yoshimuria aff. spodoplaca – isotype); the same locality, growing together with
Catillaria, Verrucaria, Caloplaca sp. and Anaptychia, (162002), (KoLRI 040240
sub Protoparmeliopsis – isotype); the same locality, growing together with Scoliciosporum sp. (162029), (KoLRI 040267 sub Protoparmeliopsis – isotype); the
same locality, growing together with Anaptychia and Yoshimuria cf. spodoplaca,
(162038), (KoLRI 040276 sub Protoparmeliopsis – isotype); the same locality,
growing together with Verrucaria and Caloplaca cf. pelodella, (162047), (KoLRI
040285 sub Protoparmeliopsis – isotype).
Thallus to 3 cm across or in larger aggregations, distinctly lobate as in
peripheral zone as in the central portion; upper surface greyish or whitish
grey to grey-green, along edges of thalline lobes as well as along the thalline
margin with white rim to 0.1 mm wide (sometimes some portions of thalline
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Fig. 17. Protoparmeliopsis kopachevskae (holotype), general habit. Scale 0.5 mm. (Photo of S.
Kondratyuk)
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margin or entire apothecia, as well as some portions of thalline lobes observed
without the white rim); discs of apothecia characteristically concolourous
with thallus, grey to greyish green. Lobes to 2(–3) mm long, and to (0.3–)0.5–
0.6 mm wide, mostly widened towards the tips to 1 mm wide or dissected
into secondary lobules to 0.4–0.5 mm wide and 0.5–0.7 mm long, somewhat
strip-like, plane or somewhat subconcave, better seen in peripheral portion,
while present also in the centre, but usually less distinct and overlapping each
other, closely attached to the substrate by the whole surface and somewhat
thinner towards the edges; total width of the lobe with all secondary lobules
to 1.5–2(–2.5) mm wide.
Apothecia 0.5–1.5 mm diam., and to 0.27–0.3 mm thick in section, lecanorine, disc plane or sometimes subconvex, epruinose; discs and thalline margin (except whitish edge of thalline exciple) almost concolourous with thallus,
grey or whitish grey or slightly different with whitish- or greyish-brownish
shade, sessile, distinctly attenuated at the basis; in section lecanorine, thalline
exciple to 150 μm wide, with well-developed cortical layer to 40–60 μm thick,
palisade paraplectenchymatous (with hyphae orientated perpendicularly to
thallus surface, cell lumina 5–6 μm diam./across, matrix well developed, better seen in K) with the uppermost portion to 20–30(–50) μm thick with epinecral zone and rich in fine crystals, irregular, 1–3(–5) μm across (insoluble in K)
(corresponding whitish rim); algal zone to 80–90(–120) μm wide consisting of
clusters 50–100 μm dim./across, algal cells to 10–15 μm diam.; true exciple to
30–40 μm wide in the uppermost lateral portion, 15–20 μm thick in lower lateral portion, and well developed to (70–)80–100(–150) μm thick in basal portion, scleroplectenchymatous, with well-developed matrix, hyphae lumina ca
1 μm diam.; hymenium to 45–55 μm high, hyaline; epihymenium not differentiated or to (7–)15–20(–25) μm thick, dull yellowish or yellowish-brownish;
paraphyses somewhat indistinct in water, to 3 μm diam. (better seen in K to
2–2.5 μm diam.), almost not swollen towards the tips; subhymenium (50–)60–
70 μm thick, hyaline; asci 8-spored, 35–45 × (11–)15–16 μm; ascospores simple,
hyaline, from almost spherical to widely ellipsoid or elongated ellipsoid, 7–13
× (4–)5–6(–6.5) μm, becoming somewhat narrower in K or N, (6.5–)7–10(–13)
× (3.8–)4.5–5.5(–6.5) μm.
Chemistry: Apothecium section N–, K– or epihymenium becoming colourless in K, paraphysis tips, epinecral layer and fine crystals of cortical layer
of thalline exciple better seen in K, too; containing usnic acid (HPTLC).
Ecology: Growing on siliceous rocks of the coastal zone.
Distribution: So far known from scattered localities in South Korea, Eastern Asia.
Etymology: Species is named after the known Ukrainian lichenologist
Ye. G. Kopachevska (Kyiv, Ukraine), who has provided important key to Protoparmeliopsis species of Eurasia in the 20th century.
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Fig. 18. Protoparmeliopsis kopachevskae (holotype), enlarged peripheral lobes (top) and apothecia (bottom). Scale 0.5 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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Taxonomic notes: Protoparmeliopsis kopachevskae is similar to P. muralis
(Schreb.) M. Choisy, a subcosmopolitan taxon known from Europe, Asia,
North America, South America, Africa, Macaronesia, Oceania, and Australasia, growing on various siliceous and calcium containing rocks, probably
representing a species complex, but differs in having grey to white-grey or
grey-green (vs. greyish yellow green to pale brown-grey or orange-grey) and
almost the same thin as in peripheral zone as in the centre of thallus (vs. 0.5–2
mm thick or more thick in the centre), in having thinner plane or somewhat
subconcave thalline lobes (vs. convex thalline lobes), in having white outermost edges of lobe (vs. darkened blue-green to black the outermost edges
and especially the extreme lobe tips), in having thinner upper cortical layer to
40–60 μm (vs. 50–75 μm thick), in having crystals insoluble in K (vs. inspersed
with yellowish granules soluble in K), in having apothecium discs concolourous with thallus (vs. from yellow to pale or dark yellow-brown to blackbrown) (see also Ryan et al. 2004), as well as in the lack of isousnic acid, and in
forming separate phylogenetic branch after ITS1/ITS2 analysis.
The following specimens: nr. 161831 (as SK G68), nr. 161836 (as SK G69),
nr. 161839 (as SK G73), nr. 161986 (voucher as SK H19), nr. 162029 (voucher
as SK H38), nr. 162038 (as SK H46), were used as vouchers for ITS nrDNA
sequences and they form separate branch from the Protoparmeliopsis muralis
branch within the Protoparmeliopsis clade of the phylogenetic tree of the members of the Lecanoraceae after ITS1/ITS2 data set. Separate paper on results
of the phylogenetic analysis of the Korean members of the Lecanoraceae is in
progress (Kondratyuk et al., in prep.) and it will be published elsewhere.
Additional specimens examined (see also under Buellia badia and Candelariella coralliza below): Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seomyeon, Taeha-ri, valley of Tae-hacheon, Seodal-gil, near Bogho waterfall, on rock, growing
together with Squamulea cf. subsoluta, Buellia sp. Lat.: 37° 30’ 14.09” N; Long.: 130° 50’ 07.83”
E; Alt.: 370 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L., (161831), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040056
sub Protoparmeliopsis); the same locality, growing together with Squamulea squamosa aggr.,
Bacidina cf. egenula, Buellia/Rinodina sp. (161835), (KoLRI 040060 sub Squamulea); the same
locality, growing together with Squamulea cf. squamosa, Buellia/Rinodina sp. (161836), (KoLRI
040061 sub Protoparmeliopsis); the same locality, growing together with Squamulea squamosa
and Buellia, (161839), (KoLRI 040064 sub Protoparmeliopsis).
Psoroglaena sunchonensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, spec. nova
(Figs 19–21)
MycoBank no.: MB 819935.
Similar to Psoroglaena dictyospora, but differs in having much larger thalline
granules, in having epiphloeodal thallus, in having smaller, hyaline and regularly
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ovoid or spherical perithecioid ascomata, in having only hyaline exciple at sides and
base, in having shorter periphyses, in having smaller but wider ascospores, which
have 3(–5) transverse septa and one-two cells with a single longitudinal septum.
Type: Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do: Suncheon-si, Samsan-dong,
along river bank, on bark of Salix alba, growing together with Endocarpon sp.,
Phaeophyscia adiastola, Physciella melanchra, and Amandinea trassii. Lat.: 34° 58’
37.41” N; Long.: 127° 29’ 06.12” E; Alt.: 19 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Ya.
(163608), 24.06.2016 (KoLRI 041853 – holotype); the same locality, (163609),
(KoLRI 041854 – isotype); the same locality, growing together with Endocarpon sp. (163308), 02.10.2016 (KoLRI 041553 sub Psoroglaena – isotype); the same
locality, growing together with Endocarpon sp. (163309), (KoLRI 041554 sub
Endocarpon – isotype); the same locality, growing together with Endocarpon sp.
(163310), (KoLRI 041555 sub Psoroglaena – isotype); the same locality, growing
together with Endocarpon sp. and Hyperphyscia, (163313), (KoLRI 041558 sub
Psoroglaena – isotype); the same locality, growing together with Endocarpon sp.
(163323), (KoLRI 041568 sub Endocarpon – isotype); the same locality, growing
together with Endocarpon sp. (163324), (KoLRI 041569 sub Psoroglaena – isotype); the same locality, growing together with Endocarpon sp. and Phaeophyscia sp. (163325), (KoLRI 041570 sub Endocarpon – isotype).
Thallus to (2–)3–5 mm across, indistinctly granular, not forming continuous crust (film), dull green or dirty bright green, always as more or less scattered and distant, seen as 0.2–0.3 mm across, very small scattered aggregations/microareoles, often overgrown by cyanobacteria or as separate grains ca
0.2 mm across; thalline granules very small, 40–60 μm diam./across, more or
less regularly rounded or irregular to elongated ellipsoid, sometimes forming somewhat elongated or even seem to be branched lobe-like portions to
0.2(–0.3) mm long and 40–50 μm wide; usually indistinct, or can be recognised
as bright green thalline granules in wet conditions, especially if they are more
or less aggregated to 1–2.5 mm across (see Figs 19 and 21).
Ascomata perithecioid, white/hyaline, to (70–)100–120 μm diam., and
(80–)100–110 μm high; solitary and very scattered and distant from each others or aggregated in small groups (see nr. 163325), mainly immersed and only
whitish or somewhat pinkish, yellowish or greyish ostiolar portion seen at
the largest magnification (×120), mostly indistinct in wet condition, and seem
to be rather numerous and seen as whitish spots/dots in dry condition (at
the largest magnification); exciple wall rather thick to 30(–40) μm thick, cell
lumina in view from outside to 5–8(–10) μm across, cells very thin-walled,
pseudoparenchymatous; periphyses to 1.5–2 μm diam. and to 8–12 μm long;
asci (?) more than 4-spored, ascospores remaining more or less stuck together
after releasing from ascus; ascospores hyaline, widely ellipsoid, submurifom,
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Fig. 19. Psoroglaena sunchonensis (holotype), general habit. Scale 1 mm (top), and 0.5 mm
(bottom). (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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with 3(–5) transverse septa and only one or two cells in the central line with a
single longitudinal septum, 14–18 × 8–9 μm.
Ecology: Thallus usually dispersed among the other lichen thalli, especially among Endocarpon sp. thalli, as well as associated with Phaeophyscia adiastola, Physciella melanchra, Amandinea trassii, and some more still unidentified
crustose sorediate lichens.
Distribution: So far known from the type locality (where it was rather
abundant) in South Korea, Eastern Asia.
Etymology: Species epithet refers to the type locality, Sunchon city, Jeollanam-do Province of South Korea.
Taxonomic notes: After having submuriform ascospores Psoroglaena sunchonensis is similar to P. dictyospora (A. Orange) H. Harada, a species described
originally from England (UK), Europe, and known from Europe (UK, Switzerland, Sweden, Spain, Czech Republic, Germany and Ukraine), and North
America (USA), but differs in the lack of goniocysts and conical papillae on
exposed surface; in having epiphloeodal (vs. partly immersed) thallus, in hav-
Fig. 20. Psoroglaena sunchonensis (holotype), enlarged portion with ascomata. Scale 0.5 mm.
(Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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Fig. 21. Psoroglaena sunchonensis (holotype), enlarged portion with thalline granules. Scale
0.5 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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ing smaller ((70–)100–120 μm vs. 140–220 μm diam.), hyaline (vs. pale orangebrown) and regularly ovoid or spherical (vs. slightly narrower towards the
apex) perithecioid ascomata, in having only hyaline exciple at sides and base
(vs. of two, more or less distinct layers, outer pale yellowish brown, inner
colourless of textura angularis), while thickness (i.e. ca 20–30 μm thick) is the
same, in having shorter periphyses (8–12 × 1.5–2 μm vs. to 30 × 2 μm), in having smaller but wider ascospores (14–18 × 8–9 μm vs. 17–21.5 × (6–)6.5–8 μm),
which have 3(–5) transverse (vs. 5(–6)) septa and one-two (vs. 1–4) cells with
a single longitudinal septum.
Material of Psoroglaena sunchonensis was collected several times in the
type locality and in general can be rather easily recognised after dull green or
dirty bright greenish granular thallus, especially in wet condition (after rain),
while ascomata almost impossible to be recognised in field conditions owing
to the small measurements.
From Psoroglaena chirisanensis L. Lőkös, S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur and P.
coreana L. Lőkös, S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, species described from South Korea
and being rather common in mountainous and island conditions of this country, P. sunchonensis differs in having very indistinct granular thallus (vs. filmlike more or less distinct), in having smaller (100–120 μm vs. 170–180 μm in
diam.) ascomata, in having shorter periphyses (8–12 μm vs. 15–20 μm long),
in having submuriform ascospores with 3(–5) transverse septa and one–two
cells with a single longitudinal septum (vs. only transversely (1–)3-septate)
ascospores, and in having smaller and wider ascospores (14–18 × 8–9 μm vs.
18–20 × 5.5–6.5(–7) μm).
Psoroglaena sunchonensis is similar to the epiphytic species P. halmaturina
P. M. McCarthy et Kantvilas, recently described from South Australia (McCarthy and Kantvilas 2013), but differs in having hyaline perithecia (vs. blackish)
and in having submuriform (vs. only with (5–)7 transverse septa) and smaller
ascospores (14–18 × 8–9 μm vs. (25–)31(–36) × (5.5–)7(–10) μm).
Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, spec. nova
(Fig. 22)
MycoBank no.: MB 819936.
Similar to Rufoplaca oxfordensis, but differs in having light yellow to dull
yellow or yellowish-brownish, evenly coloured apothecia, in having wider ascospores,
as well as in having much wider ascospore septum, as well as in positioning in out
position to all known species of the genus Rufoplaca after ITS phylogeny.
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Type: Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleunggun, Seo-myeon, Namyang-ri, in front of Tonggumi mongdol Beach, on rock,
growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Acarospora ulleungdoensis, Buellia
sp., Pyrenopsis chejudoensis. Lat.: 37° 27’ 33.1” N; Long.: 130° 52’ 05.5” E; Alt.:
ca 4 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161975), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI
040212 – holotype); the same locality, growing together with Placynthiella hurii,
Acarospora ulleungdoensis, Buellia, Verrucaria and Flavoplaca laszloana, (161946),
(KoLRI 040183 sub Placynthiella hurii – isotype); the same locality, growing
together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Acarospora ulleungdoensis, Buellia, Pyrenopsis
chejudoensis, (161975), (KoLRI 04212 – isotype).
Thallus 0.5–1 cm across very indistinct, areolate, of very scattered, distant
and very indistinct areoles, upper surface dark lead-grey or dark bluish grey
to dark brownish grey or blackish green, well contrasting to bright or dull yellow own margin and dull brownish yellow discs; sometimes can be recognised
only owing to dull yellowish-brownish seem to be biatorine apothecia. Areoles
(0.2–)0.4–0.8 mm across, usually very distant and scattered, but rarely may
be aggregated (especially in undulations of rocky substrate and forming to 1
cm across almost continuous, deeply cracked thallus), dark grey to whitish or
bluish dark grey or somewhat tessellate whitish dark bluish grey colourations
in the centre and somewhat dull whitish along the edges, with somewhat uplifted or upwards folded edges, and seem to be rather loosely attached to the
substrate and easily to be exfoliated, often with black conidiomata in the centre, in general areoles very indistinct owing to dark colour; sometimes along
the edges very indistinct formations similar to phyllidia to 0.1 mm across may
be observed (see nr. 161946). It section thallus to 200 μm thick, where upper
cortical layer to 30–40(–50) μm thick, in uppermost/outermost layer somewhat
blackish or greyish, sometimes with distinct epinecral layer to 7(–10) μm thick,
greyish or dirty hyaline, and colourless in inner portion, paraplectenchymatous, cells more or less rounded, lumina to 5–8(–10) μm across.
Apothecia 0.3–0.7 mm diam., in section to 0.3 mm thick, at first deeply immersed into thalline areoles and seem to be lecanorine with dark grey or dark
bluish grey thalline margin/thallus around the immersed disc, soon becoming
distinctly sessile with attenuated base, usually regularly rounded, scattered
and distant from each other, rarely aggregated in groups to 2–3(–4) together
to somewhat irregular, biatorine or zeorine, when seem to be biatorine with
dull yellow to bright yellow own margin to 60–80 μm thick, somewhat lighter
of disc and slightly uplifted above disc level, disc darker dull brownish yellow or yellowish brown, to zeorine, where thalline margin seen only at sides
or at the basis of lateral portion or on underside, somewhat crenulate to 20–40
μm thick; in section distinctly zeorine with very thick entire algal layer below
true exciple, to 50–70 μm thick, entire, with numerous algal cells to 12–20 μm
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Fig. 22. Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana (holotype), general habit. Scale 0.5 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
across; thalline exciple to 70–100 μm thick with very indistinct to 20–25 μm
thick cortical layer with uppermost portion to 10 μm thick of epinecral layer,
K–, lower portion paraplectenchymatous, K+ violet; true exciple to 80–90 μm
wide in the uppermost lateral portion and to 15–20 μm thick in lower lateral
and basal portions, somewhat Blastenia-type; hymenium to 70–90 μm thick,
epihymenium to 10–15 μm thick yellow-brownish; paraphyses gradually
widened towards the tips to 5(–6) μm wide in water (and to 5 μm wide in K);
subhymenium 60–80 μm thick, hyaline, almost without oil (only very few,
small oil droplets observed); asci 8-spored, 45–55 × 18–22 μm, sometimes with
variegated measurements of ascospores within the same ascus; ascospores
widely ellipsoid with somewhat rounded ends, sometimes to almost spherical, (10–)12–15(–16) × 7–8 μm in water and (8–)9–15(–16) × (6–)7–9(–10) μm in
K, septum (4–)5–6(–7) μm wide in water and (3–)6–7(–9) μm wide in K.
Conidiomata blackish, completely immersed into thalline areoles, usually more often present on areoles than apothecia, conidia widely ellipsoid to
widely bacilliform, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4) × 1.2–1.5(–1.7) μm.
Chemistry: Epihymenium K+ crimson purple, reaction very fast, cortical
layer of thallus and thalline exciple K+ violet.
Ecology: Growing side by side or among thalli of other crustose lichens
e.g. Flavoplaca laszloana, Buellia sp., Lecidea sp., Acarospora ulleungdoensis, and
Placynthiella hurii.
Distribution: It is so far known from scattered localities in Ulleung-do
Island, South Korea, Eastern Asia.
Etymology: It is named after well-known Swedish lichenologist Ingvar
Kärnefelt (Lund, LD) in recognition of his enormous contributions to the taxonomy of the Teloschistaceae and Parmeliaceae.
Taxonomic notes: Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana is similar to R. oxfordensis
(Fink) Arup, Søchting et Frödén, known from siliceous rocks in Europe and
North America, but differs in having light yellow to dull yellow or yellowishbrownish, evenly coloured apothecia (vs. orange, sometimes with brownish
portions), in having wider ascospores ((10–)12–15(–16) × 7–8 μm vs. (11–)12–
13(–16) × (4–)5–7 μm), as well as in having much wider ascospore septum
((4–)5–6(–7) μm vs. 2–3 μm wide), as well as in positioning in out position to
all known species of the genus Rufoplaca after ITS phylogeny.
After ITS it is positioned in out position to all species of the Rufoplaca
branch for which molecular data hitherto available (i.e. R. arenaria (Pers)
Arup, Søchting et Frödén, R. oxfordensis, R. scotoplaca (Nyl.) Arup, Søchting et
Frödén, R. subpallida (H. Magn.) Arup, Søchting et Frödén, R. tristiuscula (H.
Magn.) Arup, Søchting et Frödén). The combination Rufoplaca germanica (H.
Magn.) Arup, Søchting et Frödén, is not confirmed by molecular data so far.
Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana is similar to “Caloplaca” atroflava (Turner) Mong.,
known from small size siliceous rocks in Europe and North America, but difActa Bot. Hung. 59, 2017
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fers in having well-developed cortical layer of thalline areoles (vs. thin, indistinct), in the lack of hypothallus (vs. black, well developed), in having welldeveloped thalline exciple and thick algal layer below true exciple (vs. thalline
exciple not developed), in having much wider uppermost cells of paraphyses
(to 5(–6) μm vs. to 3 μm wide), and in having longer ascospores ((10–)12–15
(–16) × 7–8 μm vs. (9–)11–13(–17) × (5.5–)7–9(–10) μm), while ascospore septum is almost the same ((4–)5–6(–7) μm vs. 4–6 μm wide).
Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana is a rather indistinct lichen species, because apothecia are very small and usually scattered and distant, not aggregated, as
well as thallus is very dark and consisting of small also scattered areoles. Apothecia are not distinct even if they are aggregated in groups to 10–15 within
one thallus owing to their very small measurements.
Three specimens of Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana were included in the phylogenetic analysis of the Teloschistaceae based on ITS nrDNA sequences (i.e. nr.
162024, nr. 162040, nr. 162044). They form separate subbranch with very high
level of support within the Rufoplaca monophyletic branch of the subfamily
Caloplacoideae, which includes all Rufoplaca species for which ITS nrDNA
data are so far available. Results on molecular phylogeny of the caloplacoid
lichens are in preparation and they will be published in separate paper.
The main problem for the genus Rufoplaca is that only ITS data are provided for R. subpallida, the type species of this genus. No data on 28S LSU
nrDNA and 12S SSU mtDNA sequences of this species is hitherto available
for wide success.
Additional specimens examined (see also under Placynthiella hurii): Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Ulleung-eup, Dodong-ri, Seaside
Trail near Dodong Port, on steep siliceous rocks, growing together with Catillaria sp. Lat.:
37° 29’ 00.16” N; Long.: 130° 54’ 38.25” E; Alt.: 10 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös,
L. (162024, 162040), 11.07.2016 (KoLRI 040262, KoLRI 040278); the same locality, growing
together with Squamulea squamosa s. l., Buellia and Aspicilia spp. (162044), (KoLRI 040282).
Rusavskia indica S. Y. Kondr. et D. K. Upreti, spec. nova
(Figs 23–24)
MycoBank no.: MB 819937.
Similar to Rusavskia sorediata, but differs in having shorter and narrower
thalline lobes, in having narrower marginal zone without isidia or soredia, in having
isidia/schizidia, which are very unstable in early stages and can be easily damaged/
broken, and leaving characteristic spots (funnel-like deepening in cortical layer), in
having wider ascospores, in having wider ascospore septum, and in growing on different substrate.
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
Type: [India:] Jammu and Kashmir: Anantnag district, Baltal, on rock.
Alt.: 2,700 m a.s.l. Coll.: Singh, A. et al. 13917, 29.08.1982 (LWG – holotype).
Thallus to 0.6–0.8(–1.5) cm across, but may be aggregated in larger
groups, foliose with rather badly developed lobes seen only in peripheral
zone, while in the centre numerous isidia-like warts, very crumble, very sensitive to any mechanical damage of thallus forming upper surface totally covered by funnels (funnel-like deepening). Lobes better seen/developed only
in peripheral zone 1–2 mm wide, very waved, undulating, at first single lobe
to 3(–4) mm long, and 0.3–0.7 mm wide, more or less strip-like, flat, and distinctly branched or becoming slightly widened to 0.8–1.2 mm wide towards
the tips, to completely indistinct and overlapping each other later, dull dark
brownish yellow in the centre (when schizidia formation is not very successful) to variegated colouration (mixture of dark brownish yellow and bright
dull yellow isidia and dull greenish-whitish or greyish-greenish yellow owing to funnel-like deepening, if isidia/schizidia are present), while dull yellow
towards the tips; upper surface seem to be pseudocyphellate, of variegated
colouration, dull deep brownish yellow.
Isidia/schizidia forming in zone close to the centre (on distance to ca 2–2.5
mm from the tips), of very wide range of measurements 0.08–0.15(–0.35) mm
diam., more or less rounded to irregular, very convex; smaller and rounded
isidia, 0.08–0.15 mm diam., often very crumble, and fallen down/eaten/destroyed mechanically, and surface seems to be soredious, while it is covered
only by funnel-like deepening in cortical layer to 0.06–0.2(–0.3) mm diam./
across; no soredia, or protuberances dissolving into soredia (as in typical Rusavskia sorediata), while larger isidia-like or lobule-like portions 0.2–0.3(–0.35)
mm diam./across usually more or less stable and not damaged (in contrast to
smaller isidias, see above).
In section thallus to 100–110 μm thick, only in places with undulating
lower cortex it can be to twice thicker, usually compact (without hollow); upper cortical layer with very variegated thickness, i.e.: usually very thin to 5(–10)
μm thick, of algal plectenchyma (sensu Kondratyuk and Kärnefelt 1997) or
in places to (10–)15–20 μm thick and to (30–)50–100 μm wide (may be they
reflect position of pseudocyphellae), paraplectenchymatous with very gelatinous cell wall, with well distinct matrix, cell lumina more or less regularly
rounded, 3–6(–7) μm diam./across; medulla to 40–50 μm thick, mainly filled
in by dense hyphae aggregations, rarely with hollow; lower cortex (15–)20–25
μm thick, mesodermatous paraplectenchymatous with distinct matrix, cell lumina 3–7(–9) μm diam./across, somewhat vertically elongated.
Apothecia to 1.5 mm diam., disc brownish or brownish yellow, lecanorine, thalline margin concolourous with thallus, dull yellow; in section zeo-
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Fig. 23. Rusavskia indica (13917, LWG), general view of peripheral portion of thallus. Scale
1 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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Fig. 24. Rusavskia indica (13917, LWG), enlarged portions of thallus with apothecia (top) and
with isidious formations on upper surface (bottom). Scale 1 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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rine, where thalline exciple to 100 μm thick, somewhat pressed by true exciple
down, with cortical layer better seen on underside, to 20–30 μm thick, mesodermatous paraplectenchymatous, cell lumina to 4–5 μm diam./across; true
exciple to 40–50(–70) μm thick in uppermost and lower lateral portions and
to (40–)45–60 μm thick in basal portion, scleroplectenchymatous with distinct
matrix, hyphae lumina to 2 μm diam.; hymenium 50–55 μm high; paraphyses
slightly swollen towards the tips to 2.5 μm diam., or rarely swollen to 4 μm
diam., richly branched towards the tips; subhymenium to 20–30 μm thick; asci
8-spored, but with (1–4–)8 bipolar ascospores and abortive single ascospores
seen, usually ascospores very variable in size in the same ascus; ascospores
very wide, and variable, 10–13 × 6.5–8(–9) μm in water and (9–11–)12–16(–17)
× (7.5–)8–12(–13) μm in K, ascospore septum (2.5–)4–6(–7) μm wide in water
and (3–)4–8 μm wide in K.
Chemistry: Cortical layer of thalline exciple, epihymenium K+ crimson
purple, sometime blackish purple in places. Chemistry not studied.
Ecology: Growing on bark of coniferous trees, as well as on rock.
Distribution: It is known from scattered localities in India, Southern Asia.
Etymology: Species is named after the country of the type collection, i.e.:
India.
Taxonomic notes: Rusavskia indica is similar to the arctic-Antarctic R. sorediata species complex, but differs in having shorter (to 3–4 mm vs. to 15 mm
long) and narrower (0.3–07 mm vs. (0.5–)1–2.5 mm wide) thalline lobes, in
having narrower marginal zone (to 2–2.5 mm vs. 3–5 mm wide) without isidia
or soredia, in having isidia/schizidia, which very unstable in early stages and
easily can be damaged/broken, and leaving characteristic spots (funnel-like
deepening in cortical layer), and in having wider ascospores (10–13 × 6.5–
8(–10) μm vs. 11–13 × 5.5–7 μm), in having wider ascospore septum (4–6 μm
vs. 2–4 μm wide), and in growing on different substrate (epiphytic habit vs.
epilithic, rarely on soil or bark), as well as in the lack of soredia and in the lack
of protuberances dissolving into soredia.
Unfortunately we do not have freshly collected specimen in our disposition and it is impossible to include this taxon to molecular study at the moment.
After absence of any special apparatus to the substrate Rusavskia indica
is probably a member of the Rusavskia clade of the subfamily Xanthorioideae
of the Teloschistaceae, but after presence of pseudocyphellae this taxon may
belong to the genus Zeroviella S. Y. Kondr. (Kondratyuk et al. 2015d). However,
this conclusion can be done only after getting molecular data on this species.
After recognising characteristic features of this taxon a number of infraspecific taxa described for Rusavskia sorediata should be especially revised
to check, if they belong to this taxon as well.
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
Additional specimens examined: India. Jammu and Kashmir, Anantnag distr., Baltal,
ca 1,800 m alt., on rock. Coll.: Singh, A. and Upreti, D. K., 01.09.1982, 13966 (LWG), and
13971 (LWG); the same locality, on bark. Alt.: 2,700 m a.s.l. Coll.: Singh, A. and Upreti, D.
K., 29.08.1982, 13946 (LWG). – Pahalgam, on way to Chandanwari, on rock. Alt.: ca 2,700
m a.s.l. Coll.: Dange, K., 29.06.1977, 77.324, 77.333, 77.313, 77.303, 77.370, 77.266, 77.361,
77.396, 77.275 (LWG-LWU). – Himachal Pradesh, Lahul Spiti district, Spiti Valley, 7 km
before Pagma, from Kaza side, on exposed rocks. Alt.: ca 3,700 m a.s.l. Coll.: Upreti, D.
K. and Divakar, P., 05.08.2002, 02-00104 (LWG). – Uttarakhand, Bageshwar district, near
Pindari Glacier, Mirtoli to ridge of moraine, on rock. Alt.: ca 4,000 m a.s.l. Coll.: Awasthi, D.
D., 11.06.1970, 7704 (LWG-AWAS). – Chamoli district, Badrinath, Mana village, on rocks,
growing together with Oxneria ulophyllodes. Coll.: Shukla, V. and Joshi, Y., 21.06.2005. 05005371 (LWG). – Andaman Islands, Middle Andaman, Long Island, sea level, on rock.
Coll.: Singh, A., et al., 27.03.1961, 89405 (LWG).
Rusavskia upretii S. Y. Kondr., G. K. Mishra et S. Nayaka, spec. nova
(Figs 25–27)
MycoBank no.: MB 819938.
Similar to Rusavskia sorediata, but differs in having dispersed, scattered, and
lax attached to substrate thalline lobes distinctly widened towards the peripheral portion, not forming regular rosette-like thalli, in having finger-like or lobule-like isidia
forming spherical, uplifted gall-like aggregations, as well as in having rhizine-like
holdfast.
Type: [India]: Uttarakhand, Chamoli district, 10 km before Gamsali, way
to Niti, 3,300 m alt., on rocks under Cedrus deodara forest. Coll.: Upreti, D. K.
and Nayaka, S. (07-011218), 20.08.2007 (LWG – holotype); the same locality
(07-011218’/B’) (LWG – isotype).
Thallus to 20–30 mm across, but mainly in larger aggregations, vivid yellow; thalline lobes plane (not convex), mainly rather small, seem to be formed
during the secondary overgrowth, only rarely seen as fragments of rosettelike thalli. Lobes well developed in terminal/peripheral zone or as separate
initial stages in seem to be overgrowing portions, to (3–)5–9(–12) mm long
and ca 0.7–1(–1.5) mm wide in the centre, and markedly widened towards the
tips to 2–3 mm wide, mainly overlapping by laminal portions, dissected into
secondary horizontally orientated, plane (not convex!), somewhat strip-like,
very irregularly branched and somewhat secondary lobules wave-like orientated; total width of the whole lobe in the terminal portion to 5(–7) mm wide.
Upper surface flat with somewhat concave portions, deep yellow or somewhat variegated colouration with greenish yellow spots; very mosaic, usually warty and with funnel-like deepening (and mosaic colouration of yellow
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Fig. 25. Rusavskia upretii (holotype), general habit (top, left), enlarged portions with peripheral lobes and isidious portions. (Photo of G. Mishra)
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
Fig. 26. Rusavskia upretii (isotype), general habit (centre, left) and enlarged spherical formations of densely packed isidia (the others). (Photo of G. Mishra)
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Fig. 27. Rusavskia upretii (isotype), enlarged spherical formations of densely packed isidia.
Scale 0.5 mm (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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upper (unbroken) surface and white or whitish-greyish or whitish-greenish
in places, where medulla and algal layer naked), and seem to be soredious,
owing to very crumble warts or isidioid formations, as well as with scattered
convex formations highly uplifted above the level of thallus.
Thalline warts on upper surface of lobe scattered at first, but soon becoming densely aggregated, usually very crumble (as far it is almost impossible to find undamaged/uneaten surface), and with numerous funnel-like
deepening with greenish or greyish white medulla and algal layer naked in
places (in damaged/broken portions medullary cavity to 100–300(–400) μm
thick often observed), seem to form surface dissolving into soredia, with granules to 60–80 μm diam./across, usually irregular and very indistinct, forming
somewhat mosaic surface.
Isidia finger-like, to (0.1–)0.15–0.2(–0.25) mm wide, sometimes branched,
sometimes distinctly radially built (rounded in damaged portions or in section), and to 0.5–0.7 mm long, but total length not seen or indistinct owing to
forming dense convex aggregations and often being overlapping or damaged,
or elongate somewhat convex lobule-like formations to 0.3(–0.4) mm wide
and to 0.5–0.7 mm long (under view from outside), also densely aggregated
in convex gall-like formations; convex formations (galls) to (1.5–)2–3(–4) mm
diam./across from regularly rounded to irregularly elongated, to 1–1.5 mm
thick/high, very convex and constricted at the basis, highly uplifted to 1–1.5(–2)
mm high owing to stipe-like formation, spherical on undulated lobe; scattered or sometimes somewhat racemose and aggregated in groups, probably
very crumble and seem to be consisted of blastidia or soredia.
Underside white, somewhat shiny, yellow to deep yellow only at the
edge. Rhizine-like holdfasts, single to 100–120 μm diam./across, somewhat
pressed in one direction were rarely seen (in the middle of lobe, not close to
the lobe edge).
Apothecia and conidiomata not observed.
Chemistry: Not studied.
Ecology: Growing on siliceous rocks.
Distribution: So far it is known only from the type collection, from India,
Southern Asia.
Etymology: It is named after the well-known Indian lichenologist Dalip
K. Upreti (Lucknow, India) in recognition of his enormous contribution to
Indian lichenology.
Taxonomic notes: The revision of the genus Rusavskia S. Y. Kondr. et
Kärnefelt was hitherto based on European and Northern and Eastern Asian
members of this genus (Kondratyuk 2004, Kondratyuk and Kärnefelt 2003,
Kondratyuk et al. 2015d). Recently the genus Zeroviella S. Y. Kondr. was segregated from the Rusavskia clade of the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the Teloschistaceae based on three gene phylogeny (Kondratyuk et al. 2015d). Two
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more members of this genus found to be new for science after revision of
foliose representatives of the Teloschistaceae from the Indian continent.
Rusavskia upretii (as well as described above, at R. indica) is similar to R.
sorediata (Vain.) S. Y. Kondr. et Kärnefelt in having undulating upper surface
soon becoming warty usually very crumble and damaged/eaten with funnellike deepening making impression to be soredious, while rather rarely dissolving into soredia indeed, but differs in having thallus formed by dispersed,
scattered, thalline lobes, growing without any regular orientation and not
forming regular rosette-like thalli (vs. very long and narrow radiating lobes
forming regular rosette-like thalli in R. sorediata), in having shorter (5–9 mm
vs. to 15 mm long) and distinctly widened towards the peripheral portion
lobes, in having more or less lax attached to substrate thalline lobes (vs. usually closely attached to substrate in R. sorediata); in having finger-like or lobulelike isidia forming spherical, uplifted gall-like aggregations, as well as in having rhizine-like holdfast (vs. no special organs for attachment in R. sorediata).
After having flat, somewhat concave upper surface of thalline lobes
Rusavskia upretii is very similar to the African species Xanthoria africana Almb.,
but differs in having shorter and narrower thalline lobes, which usually do
not form regularly rounded, rosette-like and entire film-like thalli.
Rusavskia upretii is one more isidious taxon of the genus Rusavskia s. str.
additionally to R. sorediata and R. dasanensis S. Y. Kondr., Galanina et J.-S. Hur,
which may form such type of propagules, i.e. isidia-like formations aggregated in large spherical aggregations (Kondratyuk et al. 2013c).
Spherical isidious formations usually located on rather young portions
of thallus, at first as semiconvex of elongated 0.1–0.2 mm wide and to 0.5
(–0.7) mm long isidia-like formations/isidia, which densely aggregated and
ascending with irregularly uneven surface. Later formation of much larger
(see above) gall-like aggregations is observed. However, in general isidious
spherical aggregations are the same very crumble (as far it is almost impossible to find undamaged/uneaten surface) and very often they seem to have
completely soredious/blastidious surface, while no regular soredia formation
was observed in such cases.
The rhizine-like holdfasts on the lower surface of thalline lobes probably
correspond the formation of spherical isidioid formation on upper surface. However, this hypothesis should be checked on more extensive collections in future.
After morphological characters, i.e. unique gall-like formations Rusavskia
upretii is very unique among xanthorioid lichens with vegetative propagules.
Holotype and isotype specimens are rather large and were very promising for the further molecular study. However, our attempts on extracting DNA
from these specimens were so far unsuccessful. The further molecular study of
freshly collected specimens of this taxon will allow clarifying its status among
other foliose members of the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the Teloschistaceae.
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
Vezdaea poeltiana S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös, J. Halda et J.-S. Hur, spec. nova
(Figs 28–31)
MycoBank no.: MB 819939.
Similar to Vezdaea polyspora, but differs in having larger ascomata and in
having larger ascospores.
Type: Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Simjang-ri,
Geumo-do Island, on rock. Lat.: 34° 30’ 27.90” N; Long.: 127° 46’ 16.38” E; Alt.:
13 m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. P. (160422), 10.06.2016 (KoLRI 038567 – holotype).
Thallus to 1–2 cm across or may form larger aggregations, indistinct or
seen as extremely thin, film-like, somewhat greenish spot on rock surface. Hypothallus absent. Apothecia (0.3–)0.4–0.8 mm diam., distinctly attenuated at
the basis, to (0.09–)0.1–0.2(–0.3) mm diam., cup-like or “wine glass”-like, dull
lemon yellow, “disc” and the whole ascomata concolourous, own margin/ex-
Fig. 28. Vezdaea poeltiana (holotype), general habit (top, left), and enlarged ascomata (the
others). Scale 1mm (top, left) and 0.5 mm (the others). (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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ciple absent, not developed, upper surface/“disc” of ascomata with somewhat
cracks or undulations to 0.1–0.15 mm wide sometimes; algal cells in ascomata
absent; asci multispored, (120–)150(–200)-spored, very long and narrow, cylindrical, 95–105 × 13–15 μm, with rather thick wall to 1.5–2.5 μm thick, the
same thickness throughout, somewhat thicker in young asci and thickened at
the tips; paraphyses very thin, to 0.8 μm diam., scarcely branched; ascospores
simple, hyaline, elongated ellipsoid, (6–)6.5–8 × (1.9–)2.1–2.5(–3) μm.
Fig. 29. Vezdaea poeltiana (holotype), enlarged asci with ascospores. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
Chemistry: Not studied.
Ecology: Growing on siliceous rock.
Distribution: So far known only from the type collection from Geumo-do
Island, in southern part of South Korea, Eastern Asia.
Etymology: It is named after the well-known German lichenologist Josef
Poelt, who was one of the authors describing the genus Vezdaea and made
important contribution to our knowledge on species diversity of this genus.
Taxonomic notes: Among species of the genus Vezdaea Tscherm.-Woess et
Poelt Vezdaea poeltiana is similar to V. polyspora Kalb et Vězda, a species known
from Brazil, in having up to 200-spored asci, but differs in having larger ascomata ((0.3–)0.7–0.8 mm vs. ascocarp to 0.1–0.2 mm wide), in having larger
ascospores ((6–)6.5–8 × (1.9–)2.1–2.5(–3) μm vs. 2.5 × 1–1.2 μm).
Among species with 8 ascospores and simple ascospores or small ascospores can be compared only with V. leprosa and V. retigera.
Among Vezdaea species this belongs to the V. stipitata group without any
doubts, which is characterised distinctly stalked or constricted below, often
turbinate at first apothecia, the stalk sometimes hidden among the goniocysts.
However, species of this group, i.e. V. leprosa and V. stipitata differ in having
1-septate ascospores.
Furthermore Vezdaea leprosa (P. James) Vězda, growing on disturbed soils
and decaying vegetation in transient, open habitats, including mine spoil tips,
beneath roadside crash barriers, electricity pylons, lightening conductors,
barbed wire fences and on coastal cliffs, particularly in heavy metal (zinc and
lead) enriched situation, rarely on bark in the vicinity of fencing wire staples;
frequent in suitable habitats in Europe, Madeira, North and South America
Fig. 30. Vezdaea poeltiana (holotype), enlarged asci with ascospores. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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Fig. 31. Vezdaea poeltiana (holotype), enlarged asci and ascospores. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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and Asia, differs in having distinctly granular, with well-developed goniocysts dark to light green thallus, in having smaller apothecia ((0.3–)0.4–0.8
mm vs. 0.3–1 mm diam.), becoming convex to globose, pale flesh pink- or
orange-brown apothecia, in having abundant, flexuose, not entwining individual asci and in having longer (and (0–)1-septate) ascospores (10–15.5 ×
2.5–3 μm vs. (6–)6.5–8 × (1.9–)2.1–2.5(–3) μm).
Vezdaea stipitata Poelt et Döbbeler, overgrowing the thallus of Polychidium muscicola on Fraxinus excelsior, very rare in Europe, Macaronesia, North
America and Asia species, differing from V. leprosa in having indistinct thallus, thin and filmy, scarcely apparent, goniocysts lacking, but differing from
V. poeltiana in having paraphyses wanting or a few, slender, confirmed to the
lower half of the hymenium, not clasping the asci, and in having larger (and
1-septate) ascospores (i.e.: (12.5–)13–15(–16) × 3–3.5 μm vs. (6–)6.5–8 × (1.9–)
2.1–2.5(–3) μm).
Vezdaea poeltiana is similar to V. retigera Poelt et Döbbeler, but differs in the
lack of green when moist thallus, being more or less leprose, in small patches,
in the lack of goniocysts with whort spines to 2 μm long, in having dull lemon
yellow (vs. apothecia to pale flesh-tan, brownish when old), and cup-like ascomata (vs. hemispherical to semi-globose; in having narrower paraphyses
(to 0.8 μm diam. vs. 0.5–1.5 μm wide), which not entwining individual asci,
as well as in having much smaller ascospores ((6–)6.5–8 × (1.9–)2.1–2.5(–3) μm
vs. (14–)15–22(–24) × 7–11(–13) μm).
Vezdaea poeltiana is similar to Thelocarpon strasseri Zahlbr., a rare European species growing on decaying wood, and differing from T. lichenicola
in having ascomata taller than wide, in having greenish yellow apothecioid
ascomata, in having branched paraphyses, but differs in having ascomata
distinctly attenuated at the basis (vs. stalked, obconical-cylindrical), in having smaller ascomata ((0.3–)0.4–0.8 mm diam. vs. ca 0.1 mm diam.), in having irregularly branched paraphyses (vs. dichotomously branched), in having
narrower paraphyses (to 0.8 μm diam. vs to 1.5 μm in original description
(Zahlbruckner 1902); in having paraphyses not swollen towards the tips (vs.
apices somewhat widened, forming a yellow, granular epithecium), as well as
in the lack of exciple and subhymenium; in having longer asci (95–105 × 13–15
μm vs. 80–90 × 10–15 μm, wall I+ blue), while ascospores measurements are
almost in the same range ((6–)6.5–8 × (1.9–)2.1–2.5(–3) μm vs. 5–7 × 1.7–3 μm
after Chambers and Purvis 2009, or 6–7 × 2–3 after Zahlbruckner 1902).
Specimen of Vezdaea leprosa examined: Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do: Suncheon-si,
Songgwang-myeon, Jogyesan Mts, Sinpyeong-ri, near Songgwansa Temple, along stream
valley, on siliceous rock, growing together with Porina sp. Lat.: 35° 00’ 18.55” N; Long.: 127°
15’ 52.68” E; Alt.: ca 170 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (163208), 24.09.2016
(KoLRI 41453, sub Vezdaea). New to Korea!
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Xanthoria lapalmaensis F. Schumm et S. Y. Kondr., spec. nova
(Figs 32–33)
MycoBank no.: MB 819941.
Similar to Xanthoria mediterranea, but differs in having hemispherical pustulae-like formations additionally to isidia, in having Xanthoria-type hapters, as well
as in having shorter ascospores and shorter and narrower conidia.
Type: Spanien. Kanaren: La Palma (NE), Los Cancajos südlich von Santa
Cruz, küstennahe Lavafelder beim Hotel Las Olas. Lat.: 28° 38’ 39.4” N; Long.:
17° 45’ 32.6” W; Alt.: ca 30 m a.s.l. Coll.: Schumm, F., 16.01.2007 (B ex Herb.
Schumm 12998 – holotype).
Thallus, distinctly foliose, lobes to 3–6 mm long and to 3 mm wide, well
developed especially in peripheral zone of thallus, upper surface deep eggyellow to more or less orange yellow, well contrasting much darker (dull orange or dull brick-orange) central portion of thallus, more or less thin and
with distinctly wrinkled upper surface, with small isidia-like formations
to 0.1–0.15(–0.2) mm in diam./across in the central portion and with hemispherical pustulae-like formation to (0.2–)0.3–0.6(–0.7) mm diam. (if regularly
Fig. 32. Xanthoria lapalmaensis (holotype), general habit. Scale 5 mm. (Photo of F. Schumm)
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rounded) or to 0.7 mm across (if elongated), and to 0.25–0.6 mm thick/high in
section. Underside white, hapters to 0.1–0.15 mm diam. (Xanthoria-type sensu
Kondratyuk and Poelt 1997) rarely observed along the thalline edges.
Thallus in section to 75–100(–120) μm thick, but sometimes (in places
with conidiomata, etc.) can be to 220 μm thick; upper cortex 15–20 μm thick,
paraplectenchymatous, cell lumina 4–7 μm diam.; algal zone 30–40 μm thick,
algal cells 9–14 μm diam.; medulla very often with medullary plectenchyma or
proso/scleroplectenchymatous portions to (20–)40–50(–60) μm diam./across,
probably fixing position of the upper and lower cortical layers, rarely with
hollow, in pustulae-like formations medulla with hollow in the lower part
(between medulla and lower cortical layer); lower cortex (10–)13–15 μm thick,
consisting of 1.5–2(–2.5) rows of cells, mesodermatous paraplectenchymatous, cell lumina rounded or vertically elongated, 4.5–6 μm diam./across.
Apothecia 0.6–2 mm diam., and to 0.3–0.4 mm thick in section, lecanorine, highly uplifted above thallus level, thalline margin to 0.2 mm thick highly
uplifted above disc level (more or less Xanthoria parietina-type); in section zeorine, with very undulating underside, thalline exciple 50–80 μm wide, cortical
layer to 30–40(–50) μm thick, well developed only on underside, mesodermatous paraplectenchymatous, cell lumina mainly elongate vertically, to 7–13(–17)
μm across; algal cells to 9–14 μm diam.; true exciple to 100–150(–170) μm
wide in the uppermost lateral portion and to 70 μm thick in lower lateral portion, and to 40 μm thick in basal portion, scleroplectenchymatous with welldeveloped matrix and hyphae lumina ca 1–1.5 μm diam.; hymenium to 70
μm high; paraphyses with intercalary oil cells to 3–5 μm diam., and 5–10(–12)
μm long (better seen in K, and becoming red-brown); subhymenium to 50–70
μm thick, hyaline, without oil droplets; asci 8-spored, ascospores widely ellipsoid, somewhat similar to Xanthodactylon-type (see Kondratyuk et al. 2008)
with very wide septum, 11–13(–14) × (6.5–)7–9 μm in water and (11–)13–15 ×
(7–)8–9 μm in K; ascospore septum 6–9 μm wide in water and (6–)8–9(–10) μm
wide in K. Conidiomata to 0.3(–4) mm across (at view from outside, and to
170–220 μm diam. in section), as dark reddish or reddish orange spots on thallus surface, often somewhat collapsed; conidia lens-like or shortly ellipsoid,
(1.5–)1.8–2.5(–3) × 0.8–1.2(–1.5) μm.
Ecology: Growing on siliceous rocks.
Distribution: So far known only from several localities of La Palma and
Gran Canaria Islands of the Canary Islands, Spain and Madeira Island, Portugal.
Etymology: Species epithet refers to the type locality, i.e.: La Palma Island of the Canary Islands, Spain.
Taxonomic notes: Xanthoria lapalmaensis is similar to X. mediterranea Giralt, Nimis et Poelt, growing on calcium containing rocks and basalt in Eurasia (especially in the Mediterranean region) and in North Africa, including the
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Fig. 33. Xanthoria lapalmaensis (Schumm 5333), enlarged portions with isidia and sphaerical
formations (top), and (holotype) terminal portions of lobe (bottom). Scale 2 mm. (Photo of
F. Schumm)
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Canary Islands, after having well-developed, more or less thin and wrinkled
thalline lobes in the peripheral zone, deep yellow to orange-yellow well contrasting to the darker central portion of thallus, and after measurements of
the thalline lobes (3–6 mm long and to 3 mm wide), and in having isidia-like
formations, which predominate in the central portion of thallus, but differs
in having shorter thalline lobes (to 6 mm vs. 6–13 mm long), in having hemispherical pustulae-like formations additionally to isidia, in having Xanthoriatype hapters (vs. rhizines absent), as well as in having shorter ascospores (11–
13(–14) × (6.5–)7–9 μm vs. 13–16 × 6–8 μm) (unfortunately data on ascospore
septum for X. mediterranea are still missing), and in having shorter and narrower conidia (1.8–2.5 × 0.8–1.2 μm vs. 2.2–3 × 1.2–1.5(–1.8) μm).
Xanthoria lapalmaensis is similar to X. stiligera Giralt, Nimis et Poelt, growing on limestone and calcium containing rocks of the Mediterranean region
of Eurasia and in North Africa, but differs in having wider thalline lobes, in
having pustulae-like formations, in having longer and narrower ascospores
(11–13(–14) × (6.5–)7–9 μm vs. 9–11 × 6–7 μm), in having wider ascospores
septum (6–9 μm vs. 5–6 μm wide), as well as in having shorter conidia (1.8–2.5
× 0.8–1.2 μm vs. 2.5–3 × 1–1.2 μm).
Xanthoria lapalmaensis is similar to X. calcicola Oxner, growing on various
rocks of the Mediterranean region of Eurasia and in North Africa, but differs
in having smaller thalline lobes (vs. 10–15 mm long and 0.5–2 mm wide), in
having narrower thalline lobes (0.09–0.10 mm vs. 0.20–0.40 mm thick), in having pustulae-like formations, in having smaller isidia (vs. wart-like, papillalike and lobule-like, to 0.2–0.5 mm diam., and 0.2–0.4 mm long), in having
shorter ascospores (11–13(–14) × (6.5–)7–9 μm vs. 11–17 × 6–9 μm), as well
as in having narrower conidia (0.8–1.2 μm vs. 1.5–2 μm wide, after our data
based on Xanthoria calcicola material from Ukraine, see also discussion under
Xanthoria schummii).
Additional specimens examined: Portugal. Madeira: bei Portinho Flores zwischen
Gaula und Canico de Baixo, on rocks growing together with Phaeophyscia sp., and Candelariella cf. coralloidea, where thalli of Xanthoria are often overgrown by Candelariella thalli.
Lat.: 32° 39’ 06.5” N; Long.: 16° 49’ 03.4” W; Alt.: 45 m a.s.l. Coll.: Schumm, F., 16.04.2001 (B
ex Herb. Schumm 8664). – Spain. Gran Canaria: am NE-Uferrand des Stausees Embalse de
Cueve de las Ninas ca 8 km NE von Mogan. Seerand mit massenhaften Riccia-Beständen.
Lat.: 27° 55’ 41.3” N; Long.: 15° 40’ 04.8” W; Alt.: 860 m a.s.l. Coll.: Schumm, F., Schwarz, U.,
31.12.1998 (B ex Herb. Schumm 5333). – Spain. Gran Canaria: Stausees zwischen Fontanale
und Pinos de Galdar ca 8 km westlich Teror; Schafweide auf Höhenrücken mit vereinzelten
Felsen und Mandelbäumchen. Lat.: 28° 03’ 04.6” N; Long.: 15° 37’ 07.7” W; Alt.: 1295 m,
a.s.l. Coll.: Schumm, F., Schwarz, U., 28.12.1998 (B ex Herb. Schumm 5305).
Specimens of Xanthoria calcicola examined: Portugal. Madeira: bei Portinho Flores
zwischen Gaula und Canico de Baixo. Lat.: 32° 39’ 06.5” N; Long.: 16° 49’ 03.4” W; Alt.: 45
m a.s.l. Coll.: Schumm, F., 16.04.2001 (B ex Herb. Schumm 8671).
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Specimens of Xanthoria mediterranea examined: Malta. Bingemma Chapel südlich von
Zebbiegh, on limestone growing together with Caloplaca sp. Lat.: 35° 54’ 13.2” N; Long.:
14° 22’ 37.9” E; Alt.: 150 m a.s.l. Coll.: Schumm, F., Stapper, N., Lüth, M. and Frahm, J.-P.,
12.03.2008 (B ex Herb. Schumm 13697).
Xanthoria schummii S. Y. Kondr., spec. nova
(Figs 34–35)
MycoBank no.: MB 819942.
Similar to Xanthoria calcicola, but differs in having shorter and wider thalline lobes, in having characteristically irregularly overlapping horizontally orientated
secondary lobules in the centre, in having thinner thallus in section, and in having
scarce hapters on underside, and in having narrower conidia, as well as in the lack of
isidia, and in the lack of the substances fallacinal and teloschistin.
Type: Spanien. Kanarische Inseln: Gran Canaria, west-exponierter, trockener Felshang mit Kleinia-Euphorbia-Gebüsch, an der Strasse von Playa del
Ingles nach San Bartolomé de Tirajana im Barranco de Fataga. Lat.: 27° 49’
08.3” N; Long.: 15° 34’ 40.1” W; Alt.: 450 m a.s.l. Coll.: Schumm, F., 28.12.2000
(B ex Herb. Schumm 8043 – holotype); the same locality, (B ex Herb. Schumm
8045 – isotype).
Thallus 3–5 cm across, regularly rounded and more or less rosette-like,
consisting of more or less horizontally orientated thalline lobes well developed from the centre to the peripheral zone, often with lobe ends characteristically bent downwards; sometimes somewhat lax lobe portions in peripheral
zone and more or less more compact with overlapping secondary lobules in
the centre; upper surface dull yellow brownish to slightly dull orange or dull
orange-yellow in places (where a number of conidiomata aggregated), evenly coloured (no differences between peripheral and central portions). Lobes
7–9(–10) mm long and (2–)3.5–5(–8) mm wide towards the tips, and narrower
to 2–3 mm wide towards the centre (well developed from the centre of thallus
to peripheral zone and distinctly widened towards the tips), mainly horizontally orientated, only rarely somewhat uplifted in places or overlapping each
other, consisting of several lobules dissected into 2–3 secondary lobules to
4–5 mm long and 3.5–5 mm wide, usually in the centre secondary lobes irregularly orientated and overlapping, convex or horizontally orientated; lobe
edges sometimes dissected into small portions to 0.2 mm wide and 0.3–0.4
mm long, but these secondary lobules rather rare and indistinct; total length
of the whole thalline lobe with all secondary lobules to 8–10 mm long and to-
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Fig. 34. Xanthoria schummii, general habit, (holotype, scale 5 mm – top) (isotype, scale 1 cm
– bottom). (Photo of F. Schumm)
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Fig. 35. Xanthoria schummii enlarged central portion of thallus (top), and underside of terminal portions of lobe (bottom). Scale 1 cm (top) and 2 mm (bottom). (Photo of F. Schumm)
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tal width to 8–11 mm wide. Upper surface undulating making impression of
very heavy and massive thick thalline lobe. Isidia or soredia absent.
Underside more or less with even surface (not undulating and without
veins), deeply yellow especially in the peripheral portions of lobes while
whitish in the centre, with distinct rim on underside along the edge (similarly
to Jackelixia streimannii, see Kondratyuk et al. 2006) owing to which lobes seem
to be much thicker (similarly also to Oxneria huculica, see Kondratyuk et al.
2010). Hapters of the Xanthoria-type (sensu Kondratyuk and Poelt 1997) rather
short to 0.1(–0.2) mm long and to (0.05–)0.15–0.2(–0.3) mm wide, mostly very
indistinct, sometimes aggregated in somewhat elongated groups to 0.6–0.8
mm across towards the tips or along the lobe edges observed on underside,
sometimes seem to be similar to rhizines of the Xanthodactylon-type (sensu
Kondratyuk et al. 2008, see also Kondratyuk and Galloway 1996).
In section thalline lobes are very variable in thickness from 80 to 250 μm
thick, with mostly 150–200 μm thick; upper cortical layer to 20–30(–50) μm
thick (better seen in K), very indistinct, in contrast to lower cortical layer very
undulating, palisade paraplectenchymatous with more or less rounded cell
lumina, and cells arranged in regular vertical rows, sometimes with somewhat deformed cells, with more or less yellow-brownish upper portion, cell
lumina to 10–15 μm across; sometimes with epinecral layer to 5–15 μm thick
(better seen in K); algal zone to 40–50 μm thick, more or less continuous, algal
cells 9–20(–24) μm diam.; medulla to 40–70 μm thick sometimes with bunches
of agglutinated thin hyphae to 20–35(–80) μm across, hyphae to 3–4 μm diam.
(lumina 1.5–2 μm diam.) observed; sometimes completely filled in by dense
groups of hyphae to 50 μm thick and orientated more or less in one direction
or in various directions; lower cortex to 15–20(–25) μm thick, well developed,
paraplectenchymatous, usually forming very even line, usually consisting of
2(–2.5) layers of cells, cells somewhat vertically elongated, cell lumina 5–7(–9)
μm long/across, cell wall to 1–1.5 μm thick; sometimes epinecral layer to 3–5
(–7) μm thick on the bottom observed.
Conidiomata yellow-orange, somewhat brighter of thallus, conidia more
less lens-like or narrowly ellipsoid, 1.8–2.2(–2.5) × 0.9–1 μm.
Chemistry: In thalline section only the upper cortical layer and the uppermost portion of algal zone K+ purple, while the other portions K–, containing parietin.
Ecology: Growing on siliceous rocks.
Distribution: So far it is known only from the type locality (from two
separate herbarium specimens collected in the same locality), in Gran Canaria
of the Canary Islands, Spain.
Etymology: It is named after the German lichenologist Dr Felix Schumm
(Wangen, Germany), who has collected the type specimens as well as who
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has kindly allowed us to investigate these and other lichen collections of the
Teloschistaceae.
Taxonomic notes: Characteristic features of this taxon are that large size
thalli do not have entire film in the centre, secondary lobules with downwards folded ends characteristically overlapping each other in the centre, as
well as isidia and soredia absent.
Xanthoria schummii is similar to X. calcicola Oxner, after having large size
thallus and in having well-developed thalline lobes rather thick and massive
from the centre of thallus to peripheral zone and distinctly widened towards
the tips, as well as in having sometimes small lobule-like portions along the
lobe edges, but differs in having shorter (7–9(–10) mm vs. 10–15 mm long)
and wider (3.5–5(–8) mm vs. 0.5–2 mm wide) thalline lobes, in the lack of entire film in the centre of thallus with characteristically irregularly overlapping
horizontally orientated secondary lobules in the centre, in having horizontally orientated or slightly folded downwards (vs. uplifted) marginal portions
of thalline lobes, in having thinner in section thallus (up to 0.25 mm thick
vs. 0.2–0.4 mm thick), and in having scarce hapters of Xanthoria-type (sensu
Kondratyuk and Poelt 1997) on underside (vs. any specialised organs of attachment to the substrate absent), and in having narrower conidia (0.9–1 μm
vs. 1.5–2 μm wide, after our data based on Xanthoria calcicola material from
Ukraine, unfortunately data on conidia of this species are still not published),
as well as in the lack of isidia.
In spite of very optimistic population study of Xanthoria calcicola in some
Scandinavian countries (Lindblom and Blom 2016), status of this taxon as well
as a number of isidioid taxa, i.e.: Xanthoria mediterranea and X. stiligera in the
Northern Hemisphere is still in need of the further special revision with inclusion of wide range of specimens. The Xanthoria calcicola aggr. is especially
complex after molecular data provided by the Swiss group under leadership
of R. Honegger. However, voucher specimens are not available for wide access so far and it is impossible to make link between molecular and morphological characters of the narrow sense species of this aggregation. Unfortunately all these data were submitted to the GenBank only as Xanthoria sp. with
different numbers (mainly numbers of mycobiont cultures kept in laboratory
conditions).
After having very large thallus and thalline lobes, Xanthoria schummii is
similar to X. parietina and X. juniperina (as well as to X. calcicola aggr.), but
in contrast to the latter taxa thalline lobes of Xanthoria schummii do not form
entire film in the centre of thallus, they are well developed and well seen from
the centre towards the tips of the lobes, as well as in the centre secondary thalline lobes to 3–5 mm wide irregularly orientated and overlapping, convex or
horizontally orientated.
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Generic status of this taxon will be questionable till the molecular data
will be available. Unfortunately our attempts to extract DNA from specimens
cited were unsuccessful. However, from morphological point of view X.
schummii combines common characters with members of the genera Xanthoria
and Jackelixia (especially after anatomy of upper cortical layer, thickness of
thallus). However, it differs in having a unique type of attachment to the substrate, as well as in rather different conidia.
Xanthoria schummii can be compared with the Australian corticolous species Jackelixia streimannii (S. Y. Kondr. et Kärnefelt) S. Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S.
Stenroos, Kärnefelt et A. Thell (Kondratyuk et al. 2006), having thalline lobes
with marginal portions folded downwards, and differing from other Australian taxa in having rather thick thallus, including a well-developed and
rather dense medulla, and subconvex lobes, but differs in having much larger
thallus (3–5 cm vs. 15–25 mm across), in having much wider and plane lobes
(vs. more or less strip-like and seem to be semiconvex or convex), in having
Xanthoria-type hapters (vs. Xanthodactylon-type of rhizines). Unfortunately
we have only sterile specimens so far and we cannot compare such key characters for the members of the Teloschistaceae as type of tissue of true exciple,
and data on ascospores. Furthermore, data on conidia of Jackelixia streimannii
are still missing (see Kondratyuk et al. 2006).
From another foliose lichen with lobe edges distinctly folded downwards,
i.e. Oxneria huculica S. Y. Kondr., known from the Northern Hemisphere from
bark of various trees and more seldom from various rocks, lignum and twigs
(Kondratyuk et al. 2010) Xanthoria schummii differs in having much longer and
wider thalline lobes, in the lack of Oxneria-type rhizines, in the lack of huculica- and ulophyllodes-types of soralia, and in the lack of soredia, as well as in
the lack of the substances fallacinal and teloschistin.
RARE OR NOTEWORTHY SPECIES
In the following section species new for Korea or China are marked by an
asterisk, and lichenicolous fungi are marked by “!”.
Absconditella baegasanensis L. Lőkös, S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Ulleung-eup, Jeodong-ri, on rockwall along path to Bongrae waterfall, growing together with Graphis sp. and Biatora longispora. Lat.: 37° 29’ 52.10” N;
Long.: 130° 53’ 19.72” E; Alt.: 285 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk S. Y. and Lőkös, L.
(161532), 09.07.2016 (KoLRI 039750). – Gyeongsangnam-do: Sancheong-gun,
Sancheong-eup, along the tourist path to Ungseokbong. Lat.: 35° 22’ 51.15”
N; Long.: 127° 52’ 32.56” E; Alt.: ca 270 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and
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Lőkös, L. (150206), 22.06.2015. (KoLRI 033801 sub Biatora longispora). – It was
described recently from two localities from the southern part of South Korea
and from the Russian Far East (Kondratyuk et al. 2013a, 2015a).
*Acarospora cf. rufescens (Ach.) Kremp. – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do:
Jeju-si, Chuja-do, Chuja-myeon, Yecho-ri, road of Mt Sindea observatory, on
rock, growing together with Lecanora lojkahugoi. Lat.: 33° 57’ 09.9” N; Long.:
126° 20’ 13.08” E; Alt.: ca 56 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y. and So, J.-E. (140979-3),
21.06.2014 (KoLRI 023529 sub Caloplaca cf. coreana). – Jeollanam-do: Sinangun, Hauido, Hami-myeon, Unggok-ri seaside, on rock. Lat.: 34° 36’ 07.07” N;
Long.: 126° 00’ 52.02” E; Alt.: ca 20 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O., Park, J. S. and Woo,
J.-J. (130657), 28.06.2013 (KoLRI 019002 sub Porpidia albocaerulescens). – New
to Korea!
Acarospora ulleungdoensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic
of Korea. Jeju-do: Seogwipo-si, Gangjeong-dong, Yeongtto waterfall, on rocks,
growing together with Endocarpon sp. and Acarospora sp. Lat.: 33° 16’ 01.7”
N; Long.: 126° 29’ 49.0” E; Alt.: ca 210 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y. and So, J.-E.
(140595), 19.06.2014 (KoLRI 022989 sub Squamulea aff. squamosa). – Jeollanamdo: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do, Simjang-ri, roadside from Yeoan Elementary School, on rock, growing together with Lecidella/Biatora sp. Lat.: 34°
28’ 58.9” N; Long.: 127° 48’ 15.4” E; Alt.: ca 18 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J. (163674),
10.06.2016 (KoLRI 041919 sub Squamulea squamosa/micromera). – Jeollanam-do,
Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do Island, Simjang-ri, on rock, growing together with Xanthoparmelia saxetii. Lat.: 34° 28’ 55.67” N; Long.: 127° 48’ 12.89”
E; Alt.: ca 10 m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. P., Kondratyuk, S. Y., Woo, J.-J. and Lee,
B. G. (160453), 10.06.2016 (KoLRI 038598 sub Endocarpon nigromarginatum);
the same locality, (160454), (KoLRI 038599 sub Endocarpon nigromarginatum);
the same locality, growing together with Staurothele oxneri (160455), (KoLRI
038599 sub Endocarpon nigromarginatum). – New, South Korean localities are
added for the recently described species (Kondratyuk et al. 2016b).
*Agonimia allobata (Stizenb.) P. James – Republic of Korea. Jeollabukdo: Jangsu-gun, Janggye-myeon, Mt Gusibong, Odong-ri seaside, on Quercus
bark. Lat.: 35° 42’ 25.1” N; Long.: 127° 39’ 23.0” E; Alt.: ca 882 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Woo, J.-J., Park, J. S. and Oh, S.-O. (150672) 03.07.2015 (KoLRI 035981 sub
Phaeophyscia adiastola). – Jeollanam-do: Suncheon-si, Songgwang-myeon, Jogyesan Mts, Sinpyeong-ri, near Songgwangsa Temple, along stream valley,
on Prunus cerasus bark. Lat.: 35° 00’ 27.40” N; Long.: 127° 15’ 43.50” E; Alt.:
155 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (163276), 24.09.2016 (KoLRI
041521). – New to Korea!
*Agonimia aff. blumii S. Y. Kondr. – Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do:
Gurye-gun, Masan-myeon, Jiri Mts, Nogodan-Yeonhaceon, on siliceous rock,
growing together with Pertusaria subobductans. Lat.: 35° 17’ 50.34” N; Long.:
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
127° 33’ 11.88” E; Alt.: ca 1,364 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Wang, X. Y. and Hur, J. Y.
(091092), 13.10.2009 (KoLRI 011144 sub Pertusaria subobductans). – Jeollanamdo: Suncheon-si, Samsan-dong, along river bank, on concrete wall, growing
together with Caloplaca and Endocarpon. Lat.: 34° 58’ 46.49” N; Long.: 127° 29’
10.35” E; Alt.: 23 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. (163299), 02.10.2016 (KoLRI
41544 sub Caloplaca); the same locality, on Metasequoia bark, growing together
with Amandinea and Dirinaria, (163349), (KoLRI 41594 sub Agonimia). – Jeollanam-do: Suncheon-si, Yongdang-dong, along small stream, near waterfall
close to tourist point, on siliceous rocks and Alnus bark. Lat.: 34° 57’ 55.88”
N; Long.: 127° 30’ 03.98” E; Alt.: 110 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. (163851),
20.11.2016 (KoLRI 42119). – New to Korea! Recently described from Russian
Far East (Kondratyuk 2015).
Agonimia koreana Kashiw. et K. H. Moon – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do:
Cheju-do Island, Jeju-si, Mt Hallasan, Hallasan National Park, Gwaneumsa
trail, on bark. Lat.: 33° 24’ 39.08” N; Long.: 126° 32’ 47.05” E; Alt.: ca 739 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Oh, S.-O., Jayalal, U., Park, J. S. and Hur, J.-S. (121018), 01.06.2012 (KoLRI 016048 sub Tephromela atra). – Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Buk-myeon,
Mt Bannonsan, on rock, growing together with Tephromela atra and Absconditella sp. Lat.: 37° 26’ 38.22” N; Long.: 128° 45’ 29.64” E; Alt.: ca 1,051 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Wang, X. Y., Jeon, H. S., Lü, L. and Ryu, J. A. (100792), 28.05.2010 (KoLRI
012485 sub Aspicilia). – It was known from South Korea only from the type
locality (Sorak Mts) up to now (Kashiwadani 2008, Moon and Aptroot 2009).
Agonimia tristicula (Nyl.) Zahlbr. – Republic of Korea. Jeollabuk-do:
Muju-gun, Seolcheon-myeon, Mt Sambong, on Quercus bark, growing together with Mikhtomia subflavorubescens. Lat.: 35° 52’ 31.1” N; Long.: 127° 50’
40.8” E; Alt.: 1,178 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J. Jang, S. H. and Oh, S.-O. (150087),
18.06.2015 (KoLRI 035634 sub Mikhtomia subflavorubescens). – It was reported
from South Korea (Sorak Mts) for the first time by Moon and Aptroot (2009).
Amandinea aff. trassii S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of
Korea. Jeollanam-do: Suncheon-si, Songgwang-myeon, Jogyesan Mts, Sinpyeong-ri, near Songgwangsa Temple, along stream valley, on bark of Prunus
cerasus. Lat.: 35° 00’ 27.40” N; Long.: 127° 15’ 43.50” E; Alt.: ca 155 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (163272), 24.09.2016 (KoLRI 41517). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Geumil-eup, Geumil-do, along seashore road (Geumilro), on bark of pine tree, growing together with Dirinaria applanata. Lat.: 34°
20’ 15.09” N; Long.: 127° 03’ 13.04” E; Alt.: ca 7 m a.s.l. Coll.: Jayalal, U., Park,
J. S. and Ryu, J. A. (120319), 19.04.2012 (KoLRI 014914 sub Dirinaria applanata).
– The fourth South Korean locality (after Gangwon-do, Jeju-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do) of the recently described species (Kondratyuk et al. 2016b).
*Anema decipiens (A. Massal.) Forssell – Republic of Korea. Chungcheongbuk-do: Danyang-gun, Danyang-eup, Nodong-ri, Dabyangnodong-
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gil, on calcareous rock. Lat.: 36° 58’ 46.9” N; Long.: 128° 22’ 26.2” E; Alt.: ca 137
m a.s.l. Coll.: Park, J. S., Woo, J.-J. and Lee, B. G. (152821), 05.09.2015 (KoLRI
037130); the same locality, (152819) (KoLRI 037128). – Jeju-do: Seogwipo-si,
Pyoseon-myeon, Pyoseon-ri, rocky seashore, on siliceous rock, growing together with Agonimia cavernicola. Lat.: 33° 19’ 21.0” N; Long.: 126° 50’ 49.03”
E; Alt.: ca 69 m a.s.l.; Oh, S.-O., Park, J. S. and Hur, J.-S. (140520), 19.06.2014
(KoLRI 022913 sub Rusavskia). – New to Korea!
*Anisomeridium aff. albisedum (Nyl.) R. C. Harris – Republic of Korea.
Jeollanam-do: Boseong-gun, Boseong-eup, Bongsan-ri, Bosung Green Tea
Farm, along path near car parking, on bark (Cryptomeria japonica). Lat.: 34°
42’ 54.17” N; Long.: 127° 04’ 54.49” E; Alt.: 245 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S.
Y. and Lőkös, L. (162900), 23.07.2016 (KoLRI 041138). – New to Korea! – Note:
Our material differs from A. albisedum (according to original description) in
having hyaline ascomata without any involucrellum. However, it should be
mentioned that data on ascospores of this taxon are very different in Nylander
(1890) (vs. 9–19 × 2.5–3.5 μm) and in Harris (1995) (vs. 9–13(–15) × 4–5 μm)
(note that width of ascospores even not overlapping!).
*Bacidia laurocerasi (Duby) Zahlbr. – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do:
Jeongseon-gun, Bukpyeong-myeon, Mt Baekseokbong, on bark. Lat.: 37° 28’
1.31” N; Long.: 128° 39’ 35.30” E; Alt.: ca 519 m a.s.l. Coll.: Park, J. S., Woo, J.-J.
and Lee, B. G. (152854), 06.09.2015 (KoLRI 037163). – New to Korea!
Bacidina cf. arnoldiana (Körb.) V. Wirth et Vězda – Republic of Korea.
Jeollanam-do: Suncheon-si, Songgwang-myeon, Jogyesan Mts, Sinpyeong-ri,
near Songgwangsa Temple, along stream valley, on bark, growing together
with Fellhanera sp. Lat.: 35° 00’ 27.40” N; Long.: 127° 15’ 43.50” E; Alt.: 155
m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (163278), 24.09.2016 (KoLRI
041523). – It was reported from South Korea for the first time by Aptroot and
Moon (2014) from siliceous rocks in the same county (Jeollanam-do)!
Bacidina egenula (Nyl.) Vězda – Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do:
Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon, Taeha-ri, valley of Tae-hacheon,
Seodal-gil, near Bogho waterfall, on beton kerb, growing together with Psoroglaena coreana, and Verrucaria sp. Lat.: 37° 30’ 14.09” N; Long.: 130° 50’ 07.83”
E; Alt.: 370 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161845), 10.07.2016
(KoLRI 040045). – It was reported from South Korea (Changseon Island) for
the first time by Zhang et al. (2012).
Biatora fallax Hepp – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Taebaek-si, Mt
Hambaek, on Quercus bark. Lat.: 37° 10’ 23.5” N; Long.: 128° 54’ 56.0” E; Alt.:
ca 1,403 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (070724), 19.06.2007 (KoLRI 007577). – Second
record from South Korea, it was reported at first byAptroot and Moon (2015).
Biatora ivanpisutii S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea. Chungcheongbuk-do: Jeckem-si, Deoksan-myeon, on bark. Lat.: 36° 52’
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
35.64” N; Long.: 128° 12’ 40.84” E; Alt.: ca 741 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. and Woo,
J.-J. (loc. 29), 19.06.2016 (KoLRI, Forest project 2016). – Second South Korean
locality for the recently described species (Kondratyuk et al. 2016b).
Biatora pseudosambuci (S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur) S. Y. Kondr.,
L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea. Chungcheongbuk-do: Jeckem-si,
Deoksan-myeon, on bark. Lat.: 36° 52’ 35.64” N; Long.: 128° 12’ 40.84” E; Alt.:
ca 741 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G., Woo, J.-J. (loc. 25), 19.06.2016 (KoLRI, Forest
project 2016). – Jeollanam-do: Suncheon-si, Maegok-dong, Sunchon National
University, park in front of building 3 of Humanitarian Faculty, on bark of
Chamaecyparis. Lat.: 34° 58’ 12.81” N; Long.: 127° 28’ 37.29” E; Alt.: 58 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. (163434), 10.10.2016 (KoLRI 41679 sub Amandinea).
– Further records of the recently described species from South Korea (Kondratyuk et al. 2016a as Lecanora pseudosambuci).
Biatora aff. subduplex (Nyl.) Printzen – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Jeju-si, Mt Hallasan, Hallasan National Park, Arail-dong, around
Gwaneumsa Temple. Lat.: 33° 24’ 02.80” N; Long.: 126° 32’ 25.28” E; Alt.: 868
m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. (151555), 20.07.2012 (KoLRI 035248). – It was reported
from South Korea recently from Goheung-gun (Kondratyuk et al. 2016a). It is
new for Cheju-do Island.
Buellia badia (Fr.) A. Massal. – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do:
Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt Eungboksan, Tongbaram Valley, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 37° 51’ 42.06” N; Long.: 128° 31’ 29.34” E; Alt.: ca 730 a.s.l.
Coll.: Joshi, Y., Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (090696), 23.05.2009 (KoLRI 010365
sub Aspicilia). – Jeollabuk-do: Muju-gun, Mupung-myeon, Mt Daedeok, on
siliceous rock, growing together with Candelariella coralliza and Aspicilia sp.
Lat.: 35° 54’ 44.4” N; Long.: 127° 53’ 14.6” E; Alt.: 1,185 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J.,
Jang, S. H. and Oh, S.-O. (150167), 19.06.2015 (KoLRI 035715 sub Candelariella);
the same locality, growing together with Endocarpon, Aspilicia and Candelariella coralliza. (150171), (KoLRI 035719 sub Endocarpon). – Jeollabuk-do: Mujugun, Mupung-myeon, Mt Daedeok, on siliceous rock, growing together with
Protoparmeliopsis kopachevskae, and Candelariella coralliza. Lat.: 35° 54’ 52.8” N;
Long.: 127° 53’ 16.6” E; Alt.: 1,239 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J., Jang, S. H. and Oh,
S.-O. (150177), 19.06.2015 (KoLRI 035725 sub Protoparmeliopsis). – Jeollanamdo: Jangheung-gun, Gwansan-eup, Okdang-ri, Cheongwansan Mts, along the
tourist track No. 2, near the temple, on siliceous rock, growing together with
Rhizocarpon, Verrucaria spp. Lat.: 34° 32’ 55.65” N; Long.: 126° 55’ 43.11” E;
Alt.: ca 154 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (150402), 23.06.2015
(KoLRI 033997 sub Buellia cf. spuria). – Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Bigeum-myeon, Bigeum-do Island, Mt Sunwangsan, on rock, growing together with Endocarpon. Lat.: 34° 44’ 13.7” N; Long.: 125° 55’ 54.05” E; Alt.: ca 55 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Oh, S.-O., Park, J. S. and Woo, J.-J. (130150-1), 05.06.2013 (KoLRI 018492 sub
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Aspicilia). – It was reported from South Korea from Bogil-do Island (Joshi and
Hur 2013, Joshi et al. 2010a) and from Goheung-gun (Aptroot and Moon 2014
as Monerolechia badia). Further five localities are added.
Buellia chujadoensis L. Lőkös, S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur – Republic of
Korea. Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do Island, Chuja-myeon, Yecho-ri, Port of Yechori, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 33° 57’ 23.5” N; Long.: 126° 20’ 03.02” E; Alt.: ca 40
m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. P. (141094), 21.06.2014 (KoLRI 023652 sub B. spuria);
the same locality, growing together with Rinodina milvina, (141099), (KoLRI
023657 sub B. spuria). – Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do Island, Chuja-myeon, Yecho-ri, Mt Dondaesan, on rock, growing together with Lecanora lojkahugoi and
Buellia sp. Lat.: 33° 56’ 53.9” N; Long.: 126° 19’ 26.7” E; Alt.: ca 164 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Joshi, Y. and So, J.-E. (140772), 20.06.2014 (KoLRI 023246 sub Buellia). –
It was described recently from South Korea from Chuja-do Island, but it was
also reported from other islands (Bogil-do, Cheju-do, Geoje-do, Salyang-do)
(Kondratyuk et al. 2015b). Three additional records are added from Chuja-do
Island.
Buellia extremorientalis (S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur) S. Y. Kondr.,
L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangnam-do: Sancheonggun, Sicheon-myeon, Jiri Mts, Jungsan-ri, on bark. Lat.: 35° 19’ 01.0” N; Long.:
127° 44’ 30.1” E; Alt.: ca 1,160 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (060636) 15.09.2006 (KoLRI 005007 sub Buellia). – It was described recently from South Korea from
three provinces (Chungcheongnam-do, Gangwon-do, Ulsan-do) as Hafellia
extremorientalis (Kondratyuk et al. 2015b).
Buellia pseudosubnexa (S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur) S. Y. Kondr., L.
Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Gangneung-si, tourist pass toward peak Seokbyeongsan. Lat.: 37° 34’ 38.58” N; Long.:
128° 51’ 23.94” E; Alt.: ca 760 m a.s.l., on bark, growing together with Pertusaria
spp. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (150931), 10.07.2015 (KoLRI 034164
sub Hafellia). – Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Gangneung-si, tourist pass toward peak Seokbyeongsan, on bark. Lat.: 37° 34’ 36.55” N; Long.: 128° 51’
47.16” E; Alt.: ca 840 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (151047),
10.07.2015 (KoLRI 034280 sub Hafellia). – Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Jeju-si, Mt
Hallasan, Hallasan National Park, Seongpanak trail, on bark, growing together with Rinodina and Lecanora spp. Lat.: 33° 22’ 48.44” N; Long.: 126° 35’ 26.70”
E; Alt.: 1,025 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. (212659), Lőkös, L., Oh, S.-O. and
Joshi, S. (121887), 06.07.2012 (KoLRI 016866 sub Rinodina). – It was described
recently from South Korea from four provinces (Gangwon-do, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gyeongsangnam-do, Jeollanam-do) as Hafellia pseudosubnexa (Kondratyuk et al. 2015b). New to Cheju-do Island.
Caeruleum heppii (Körb.) K. Knudsen et Arcadia – Republic of Korea.
Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Seogwipo-si, Seongsan-eup, Goseong-ri, Seopjicoji,
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
on rock, growing together with Caloplaca pelodella, Psorotichia, Verrucaria. Lat.:
33° 19’ 21.0” N; Long.: 126° 50’ 49.03” E; Alt.: ca 69 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk,
S. Y. (140303), 19.06.2014 (KoLRI 022663 sub Mikhtomia multicolor). – The third
South Korean record after Geumil-do Island and the Jiri Mts (Kondratyuk
et al. 2013a as Myriospora heppii, Kondratyuk et al. 2016a). New for Cheju-do
Island!
Caloplaca fusanii (Hue) Zahlbr. – Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do:
Suncheon-si, Seungju-eup, Seonamsa. Lat.: 34° 59’ 39” N; Long.: 127° 19’ 56”
E; Alt.: 205 m a.s.l. Coll.: Liu, D. (160578), 11.04.2016 (KoLRI 038723). – Recent
confirmation of the old record of Hue (1915) from South Korea.
Caloplaca kedrovopadensis S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea.
Jeollanam-do: Gurae-gun, Sandong-myeon, Jiri Mts, Seungsamjae station to
Nogodan, on bark. Lat.: 35° 17’ 46.50” N; Long.: 127° 31’ 27.00” E; Alt.: 1,314
m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. (21160), Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (111008),
11.10.2011 (KoLRI 014083). – It was reported from the Jiri Mts (South Korea₎
recently (Kondratyuk et al. 2016a). Additional record from the same collection.
Caloplaca micromera (Hue) Zahlbr. – Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do:
Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do, Simjang-ri, on rock. Lat.: 34° 30’ 52.5” N;
Long.: 127° 43’ 36.6” E; Alt.: ca 71 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J. (163677), 10.06.2016
(KoLRI 041922 sub Caloplaca); the same locality, growing together with Orientophila leucerythrella, Rinodina oxydata, (163680) (KoLRI 41925). – It was reported from South Korea recently from siliceous seashore rocks in Daebu-do
and Cheju-do islands (Kondratyuk et al. 2013a, 2015a). It is the third record
from similar habitat. (New name for this lichen see in Kondratyuk et al. 2017).
Caloplaca neobaltistanica S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur – China. Xinjiang
Province: Urumqi city, Mt Tian, on trunk, growing together with Leptogium
and Lecidella. Lat.: 43° 53’ 20.9” N; Long.: 88° 07’ 05.7” E; Alt.: ca 1,962 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Oh, S.-O. and Hur, J.-S. (CH-130102), 15.07.2013 (KoLRI 019179 sub Leptogium). – Additional record of the recently described taxon (Kondratyuk et al.
2015a, 2016b) from the same collection from China. (New name for this lichen
see in Kondratyuk et al. 2017).
Caloplaca subconcilians S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of
Korea. Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Seogwipo-si, Namseongjiung-ro, on siliceous
rock, growing together with Verrucaria sp. Lat.: 33° 13’ 56.1” N; Long.: 126° 29’
24.1” E; Alt.: 13 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O. and Liu, D. (152541), 20.08.2015 (KoLRI
036763 sub Mikhtomia multicolor). – Jeju-do: Seogwipo-si, Namwon-eup, Wimiri, on rock, growing together with Lepraria sp. Lat.: 33° 16’ 13.26” N; Long.:
126° 39’ 39.00” E; Alt.: ca 10 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y. and Wang, X. Y. (091406),
29.05.2009 (KoLRI 011049). – Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do
Island, Simjang-ri, Simpo coast, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 34° 29’ 50.57” N; Long.:
127° 46’ 08.88” E; Alt.: ca 20 m a.s.l. Coll.: Jayalal, U., Park, J. S. and Ryu, J. A.
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(120468), 27.04.2012 (KoLRI 015458 sub Caloplaca). – Jeollanam-do: Wandogun, Saengil-myeon, Saengil-do Island, Geumgok beach coast, on rock. Lat.:
34° 18’ 40.02” N; Long.: 126° 57’ 54.03” E; Alt.: 4 m a.s.l. Coll.: Jayalal, U., Park,
J. S. and Ryu, J. A. (120229), 18.04.2012 (KoLRI 014824 sub Pertusaria subobductans). – It was reported from South Korea from several localities (Kondratyuk
et al. 2013a, 2015a, b, 2016a). It seems to be widely distributed in the southern
archipelago of South Korea and also in the mainland.
Candelariella coralliza (Nyl.) H. Magn. – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do:
Jeju-si, Chuja-do Island, Chuja-myeon, Yecho-ri, Mt Dondae, on siliceous
rock. Lat.: 33° 56’ 53.9” N; Long.: 126° 19’ 26.7” E; Alt.: ca 164 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Lőkös, L. (140756-3), 20.06.2014 (KoLRI 023232 sub Aspicilia); the same locality. Coll.: Joshi, Y. and So, J.-E. (140767), 20.06.2014 (KoLRI 023241 sub Pertusaria). – Jeollabuk-do: Muju-gun, Mupung-myeon, Mt Daedeok, on siliceous
rock, growing together with Buellia badia and Aspicilia sp. Lat.: 35° 54’ 44.4” N;
Long.: 127° 53’ 14.6” E; Alt.: 1,185 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J., Jang, S. H. and Oh,
S.-O. (150167), 19.06.2015 (KoLRI 035715 sub Candelariella); the same locality,
growing together with Endocarpon, Aspilicia and Buellia badia. (150171), (KoLRI 035719 sub Endocarpon). – Jeollabuk-do: Muju-gun, Mupung-myeon, Mt
Daedeok, on siliceous rock, growing together with Protoparmeliopsis kopachevskae, and Buellia badia. Lat.: 35° 54’ 52.8” N; Long.: 127° 53’ 16.6” E; Alt.: 1,239
m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J., Jang, S. H. and Oh, S.-O. (150177), 19.06.2015 (KoLRI
035725 sub Protoparmeliopsis). – Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Heuksan-myeon,
Heuksan-do Island, on siliceous rock, growing together with Aspicilia cf. caesiocinerea. Lat.: 34° 39’ 52.92” N; Long.: 125° 26’ 11.34” E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110550), 21.06.2011 (KoLRI 013589). – It was known
from four islands from South Korea (Kondratyuk et al. 2015a, 2016a). A mainland locality and a further island locality are added.
Candelariella vitellina (Hoffm.) Müll. Arg. – Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Ulleung-eup, Dodong-ri, Seaside Trail near Dodong Port, on steep siliceous rocks. Lat.: 37° 29’ 00.16” N;
Long.: 130° 54’ 38.25” E; Alt.: 10 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös,
L. (161976), 11.07.2016. (KoLRI 040213); the same locality, growing together
with Lepraria sp. (162021), (KoLRI 040259 sub Candelariella); the same locality, growing together with species of the genera Diploschistes, Scoliciosporum
and Amandinea, (162026), (KoLRI 040264 sub Diploschistes). – Common species
with rather few records in South Korea (Kim 1979, 1980, 1981, Hur et al. 2005,
Moon 2013). New to Ulleung-do Island.
Catillaria ulleungdoensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic
of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Buk-myeon,
Cheonbu-ri, coastal road cliff, on rock, growing together with Fuscidea cf.
coreana. Lat.: 37° 32’ 29.6” N; Long.: 130° 51’ 47.7” E; Alt.: ca 13 m a.s.l. Coll.:
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Lee, B. G. (162738), 07.07.2016 (KoLRI 040976 sub Catillaria). – Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Buk-myeon, Cheonbu-ri, in front
of Gwaneum island ticket box, mountain 1, on rock, growing together with
Opegrapha ulleungdoensis and Lecania sp. Lat.: 37° 32’ 29.0” N; Long.: 130° 54’
58.5” E; Alt.: ca 13 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. (162748), 07.07.2016 (KoLRI 040986
sub Lecania). – It was described recently from Ulleung-do Island, South Korea
(Kondratyuk et al. 2016b).
! Cercidospora caudata Kernst. – Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbukdo: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Ulleung-eup, Dodong-ri, seaside trail
near Dodong Port, on steep siliceous rocks, growing on Caloplaca. Lat.: 37° 29’
00.16” N; Long.: 130° 54’ 38.25” E; Alt.: 10 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and
Lőkös, L. (162005), 11.07.2016 (KoLRI 040243). – It was reported recently from
South Korea (Cheju-do, Chuja-do) from the host Jasonhuria bogilana (Joshi et
al. 2015).
*! Cercidospora aff. epipolytropa (Mudd) Arnold – Republic of Korea.
Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do, Chuja-myeon, Yecho-ri, road of Mt Sindea observatory, on rock, in thalli of Jasonhuria bogilana, growing together with Pyxine.
Lat.: 33° 57’ 09.9” N; Long.: 126° 20’ 13.08” E; Alt.: ca 56 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi,
Y. and So, J.-E. (140981-1), 21.06.2014 (KoLRI 023534 sub Pyxine). – New to
Korea!.
*! Cercidospora aff. lobothallia Nav.-Ros. et Calat. – Republic of Korea.
Incheon: Ongjingun, Deokjeok-myeon, Deokjeok-do, Seopori wharf, on rock,
Aspicilia damaged in parts by lichenicolous fungus Cercidospora sp. Lat.: 37°
12’ 45.09” N; Long.: 126° 06’ 44.05” E; Alt.: ca 1 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O. and
Park, J. S. (130489), 14.06.2013 (KoLRI 018834 sub Aspicilia subgoettweigensis).
– New to Korea!
Circinaria leprosescens (Sandst.) A. Nordin, Savić et Tibell – Republic
of Korea. Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do, Simjang-ri, along
seashore, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 34° 28’ 55.67” N; Long.: 127° 48’ 12.89” E;
Alt.: ca 10 m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. P., Kondratyuk, S. Y., Woo, J.-J. and Lee, B.
G. (160451), 10.06.2016 (KoLRI 038596 sub Physciella melanchra); the same locality, (160452), (KoLRI 038597 sub Xanthoparmelia saxetii). – Additional South
Korean record for the recently reported species (Aptroot and Moon 2014,
Kondratyuk et al. 2016c).
Cresponea proximata (Nyl.) Egea et Torrente – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Hongcheon-gun, Seseok-myeon, deciduous forest, on bark. Lat.: 37°
46’ 38.62” N; Long.: 128° 13’ 33.22” E; Alt.: ca 770 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G., Park,
J. S. and Liu, D., 12.06.2016 (KoLRI, Forest project 2016). – It was reported from
South Korea by Joshi et al. (2011), Moon (2013) and Kondratyuk et al. (2016a).
! Dactylospora glaucomarioides (Tuck.) Hafellner – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Cheju-do Island, Mt Hallasan, Hallasan National Park,
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Arail-dong, along Gwaneumsa Temple trail, along the tourist path, on bark
(Quercus), on Ochrolechia akagiensis, growing together with “Caloplaca” oxneri
(see also Kondratyuk et al. 2017). Lat.: 33° 23’ 32.2” N; Long.: 126° 32’ 16.0” E;
Alt.: 1,128 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S., Oh, S.-O. and Kusama, Y. (121644),
08.08.2012 (KoLRI 017098 sub Ochrolechia akagiensis). – It was reported from
North Korea (Kumgangsan Mts) by Huneck et al. (1994), and from mainland
South Korea by Joshi et al. (2010b). New to Cheju-do Island.
Dibaeis yurii (S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös, S.-O. Oh et J.-S. Hur) S. Y. Kondr.,
L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Bukpyeong-myeon, Mt Baekseokbong, on acidic soil. Lat.: 37° 28’ 15.8” N; Long.:
128° 39’ 41.1” E; Alt.: 440 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J. (152807), 06.09.2015 (KoLRI
037116). – Jeollabuk-do: Namwon-si, Sandong-myeon and Unbong-eup, Mt
Gonam, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 35° 28’ 44.9” N; Long.: 127° 30’ 48.6” E; Alt.:
621 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J. and Oh, S.-O. (152255), 18.07.2015 (KoLRI 036178).
– Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Haui-myeon, Haui-do, Unggok-ri seaside, on soil.
Lat.: 34° 36’ 07.03” N; Long.: 126° 00’ 52.07” E; Alt.: ca 32 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh,
S.-O., Park, J. S. and Woo, J.-J. (130647), 28.06.2013 (KoLRI 018992 sub Cladonia sp.). – Jeollanam-do: Suncheon-si, Sunchon, along Jobi-gil road, on siliceous rock, growing together with Cladonia sp. and Lepraria sp. Lat.: 34° 58’
29.62” N; Long.: 127° 28’ 34.20” E; Alt.: ca 71 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y.
(163445), 09.10.2016 (KoLRI 41690); the same locality, growing together with
Cladonia sp. (163446) (KoLRI 41691); the same locality, (163447) (KoLRI 41692);
the same locality, (163448) (KoLRI 41693); the same locality, (163449) (KoLRI
41694); the same locality, growing together with Cladonia sp. (163450) (KoLRI
41695); the same locality, (163451) (KoLRI 41696). – It was recently reported
from South Korea at four localities in Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gyeongsangnamdo, and Chuja-do Island (Kondratyuk et al. 2015c, 2016a). Now it seems to be
widespread in Korea.
*Dictyocatenulata alba Finley et E. F. Morris – Republic of Korea. Jejudo: Cheju-do Island, Seogwipo-si, Mt Halla, Yeongsil Trail. Lat.: 33° 21’ 19.11”
N; Long.: 126° 29’ 58.63” E; Alt.: 1,353 m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. P., Oh, S.-O. and
Liu, D. (151593), 21.07.2015 (KoLRI 035286). – New to Korea! – Note: Easily recognisable hyphomycetous lichen species by the characteristic stipitate
cream synnemata. Known from Canada, the USA, Cuba, Panama, India and
Japan (Diederich et al. 2008). Usually it grows on bark of deciduous trees,
but it was observed also on rocks. Cheiromycina globosa differs with unicellular, globose conidia; Dictyocatenulata alba has distinct synnemata of a variable
height and muriform conidia.
! Endococcus xanthoparmeliae Y. Joshi, S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S.
Hur – Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangnam-do: Namhae-gun, Nam-myeon,
Honghyeon-ri, Haebyeon, on siliceous rock, on Xanthoparmelia coreana dam-
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aged by Lichenostigma too, growing together with Pertusaria flavicans, Caloplaca
subconcilians. Lat.: 34° 43’ 30.90” N; Long.: 127° 53’ 40.68” E; Alt.: ca 16 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110242), 28.04.2011 (KoLRI 013456 sub Pertusaria flavicans). – Jeollanam-do: Jangheung-gun, Gwansan-eup, Okdang-ri,
Cheongwansan Mts, along the tourist track No. 2, on siliceous rock, on Xanthoparmelia coreana thalli. Lat.: 34° 32’ 34.31” N; Long.: 126° 55’ 21.61” E; Alt.:
390 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (150312), 23.06.2015 (KoLRI
033907). – It was described recently from South Korea from Cheju-do and
Chuja-do islands (Joshi et al. 2015). Two mainland localities are added.
Fellhanera subtilis (Vězda) Diederich et Sérus. – Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do: Hwasun-si, Iseo-myeon, on bark. Lat.: 35° 06’ 58.65” N; Long.: 127°
05’ 15.93” E; Alt.: ca 354 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. and Woo, J.-J., 13.05.2016 (KoLRI, Forest project 2016). – It was reported from South Korea recently from
Cheju-do Island (Aptroot and Moon 2014, Kondratyuk et al. 2015a).
Fuscidea coreana S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea.
Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do Island, Chuja-myeon, Sinyang-1-ri, around grave
of Hwangkyeonghan, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 33° 56’ 50.4” N; Long.: 126° 20’
21.05” E; Alt.: 116 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y. and So, J.-E. (140998), 21.06.2014 (KoLRI 023554 sub Buellia spuria). – Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Haui-myeon, Hauido Island, Unggok-ri, seaside, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 34° 36’ 07.07” N; Long.:
126° 00’ 52.02” E; Alt.: 20 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O., Park, J. S. and Woo, J.-J.
(130683), 28.06.2013 (KoLRI-019028 sub Pertusaria subobductans). – Jeollanamdo: Sinan-gun, Palgeum-myeon, Palgeum-do Island, on siliceous rock, growing together with Catillaria sp. Lat.: 34° 47’ 05.03” N; Long.: 126° 08’ 06.92” E;
Alt.: 1 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (110387), 02.06.2011 (KoLRI
012940 sub Fuscidea). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Bogil-do Island, Bogil-myeon, Buhwang-ri, Mt Gyeokja, from Keungiljiae to Suribong, on siliceous rock,
growing together with Halecania subalpivaga. Lat.: 34° 08’ 34.3” N; Long.: 126°
33’ 25.7” E; Alt.: ca 255 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Jeon, H. S. and Jeong, M.-H.
(100087), (KoLRI 011583); the same locality, (100089), (KoLRI 011585). – Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Hwayang-myeon, Imok-ri, Baelga coast, on siliceous rock,
growing together with Aspicilia. Lat.: 34° 39’ 00.26” N; Long.: 127° 34’ 05.67”
E; Alt.: 12 m a.s.l. Coll.: Jayalal, U., Park J. S. and Ryu, J. A. (120701), 28.04.2012
(KoLRI 015696 sub Aspicilia). – Several new, South Korean localities are added
for the recently described species (Kondratyuk et al. 2015b, 2016a, b).
*Fuscopannaria dissecta P. M. Jørg. – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do: Chejudo Island, Seogwipo-si, Mt Halla, Yeongsil Trail. Lat.: 33° 21’ 12.19” N; Long.:
126° 29’ 51.54” E; Alt.: 1,308 m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. P., Oh, S.-O. and Liu, D.
(151679, 151681, 151695), 21.07.2015 (KoLRI 035372, KoLRI 035374, KoLRI
035388). – New to Korea! – Note: Easily recognisable species by pale brown,
widespreading, irregular patches consisting of deeply dissected squamules.
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Known only from Japan (Jørgensen 2000). It grows on debris in moist localities at high altitudes. F. laceratula differs in not white pruinose lobe margins
and absence of terpenoids and fatty acids.
Gyalidea austrocoreana S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic
of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon,
Namyang-ri, in front of Tonggumi mongdol Beach), on rock, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Acarospora ulleungdoensis, Buellia sp., Pyrenopsis
chejudoensis. Lat.: 37° 27’ 33.1” N; Long.: 130° 52’ 05.5” E; Alt.: ca 4 m a.s.l.,
Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161975), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040212);
Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-do, Seo-myeon, Namyangri, on rock. Lat.: 37° 29’ 31.9” N; Long.: 130° 53’ 07.3” E; Alt.: ca 576 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Lee, B. G. (162781), 08.07.2016 (KoLRI 041019). – Jeju-do: Jeju-do Island,
Seogwipo-si, Namwon-eup, Wimi-ri, on rock, growing together with Endocarpon sp. Lat.: 33° 16’ 13,3” N; Long.: 126° 39’ 30.0” E; Alt.: ca 10 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Hur, J.-S., Wang, X. Y. and Joshi, Y. (091405), 29.05.2009 (KoLRI 011048 sub
Gyalidea). – It was recently described from type locality i.e.: Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do Prov., Goheung-gun Co., Bongnae-myeon, Queinaro-do
(Wenaro) Island, Mt Bongra (Kondratyuk et al. 2016b). Additional localities
are provided.
! Halecania santessonii M. P. Andreev – Republic of Korea. Gangwondo: Yanggu-gun, Nam-myeon, on siliceous rock, on thalli of Porpidia albocaerulescens. Lat.: 38° 01’ 54.35” N; Long.: 128° 00’ 08.38” E; Alt.: ca 577 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Park, J. S. and Liu, D. (loc. 9), 11.06.2016 (KoLRI, Forest project 2016). – It
was reported from South Korea recently from several localities (Kondratyuk
et al. 2016b).
Halecania subalpivaga S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of
Korea. Gangwon-do: Chuncheon-si, Buksan-myeon, Mt Maebong, Jogyo-ri,
on rock, growing together with Scoliciosporum umbrinum. Lat.: 37° 54’ 55.4” N;
Long.: 127° 58’ 29.2” E; Alt.: ca 606 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y., Jeon, H. S., Lü, L.
and Ryu, J. A. (100679), 26.05.2010 (KoLRI 012409 sub Pertusaria). – Gangwondo: Yangyang-gun, Seo-myeon, Galjeongokbong, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 37°
52’ 52.80” N; Long.: 128° 26’ 50.94” E; Alt.: ca 1,101 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y.,
Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (090623), 22.05.2009 (KoLRI 010294 sub Aspicilia). –
Gyeongsangnam-do: Hamyang-gun, Seosang-myeon, Mt Baekun, on siliceous
rock, growing together with Polysporina cf. golubkovae. Lat.: 35° 36’ 20.10” N;
Long.: 127° 39’ 39.48” E; Alt.: ca 917 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y., Jeon, H. S. and
Han, G. S. (100381), 24.06.2010 (KoLRI 012024 sub Aspicilia). – Jeollanam-do:
Gurye-gun, Masan-myeon, Jiri Mts, Nogodan-Yeonhaceon, on siliceous rock,
growing together with Pertusaria subobductans and Agonimia aff. blumii. Lat.:
35° 17’ 50.34” N; Long.: 127° 33’ 11.88” E; Alt.: ca 1,364 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y.,
Wang, X. Y. and Hur, J. Y. (091092), 13.10.2009 (KoLRI 011144 sub Pertusaria
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subobductans). – Jeollanam-do: Jangheung-gun, Gwansan-eup, Okdang-ri,
Cheongwansan Mts, along the tourist track No. 2, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 34°
32’ 26.63” N; Long.: 126° 55’ 13.67” E; Alt.: 456 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y.
and Lőkös, L. (150318), 23.06.2015 (KoLRI 033913 sub Aspicilia). – Jeollanamdo: Wando-gun, Bogil-myeon, Bogil-do Island, Buhwang-ri, Mt Gyeokjasan,
between Keungiljae and Suribong, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 34° 08’ 38.76” N;
Long.: 126° 33’ 0.18” E; Alt.: ca 289 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Jeon, H. S. and Jeong,
M.-H. (100099), 05.02.2010 (KoLRI 011595 sub Pertusaria subobductans). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Saengil-myeon, Saengil-do Island, Geumgok beach
coast, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 34° 20’ 02.02” N; Long.: 126° 57’ 51.02” E; Alt.: 7
m a.s.l. Coll.: Jayalal, U., Park, J. S. and Ryu, J. A. (120205), 18.04.2012 (KoLRI
014800 sub Aspicilia cf caesiocinerea). – It was described recently from South
Korea from the Cheongwansan Mts (Kondratyuk et al. 2015b, 2016a). Several
additional records are added.
Ivanpisutia oxneri S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea.
Chungcheongbuk-do: Goesan-gun, Cheongcheon-myeon, on bark. Lat.: 36°
39’ 51.56” N; Long.: 127° 42’ 57.12” E; Alt.: ca 205 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. and
Woo, J.-J. (loc. 13), 18.06.2016 (KoLRI, Forest project 2016). – Gangwon-do:
Chuncheon-si, Namsan-myeon, Mt Gunbong, on bark. Lat.: 37° 14’ 12.7” N;
Long.: 129° 17’ 41.4” E; Alt.: 216 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. (152129), 11.07.2015
(KoLRI 035137 sub Lecanora). – Gangwon-do: Chuncheon-si, Namsan-myeon, Mt Gunbong, on bark (Cornus controversa). Lat.: 37° 14’ 09.7” N; Long.:
129° 17’ 22.9” E; Alt.: 308 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. (152145), 11.07.2015 (KoLRI
035154 sub Lecanora). – Gangwon-do: Yangyang-gun, Seo-myeon, Hwangi-ri,
Mt Jobong, on bark. Lat.: 37° 56’ 06.42” N; Long.: 128° 33’ 44.82” E; Alt.: ca
980 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Wang, X. Y., Ryu, J. A. and Hur, J. Y. (090309),
14.05.2009 (KoLRI 010044 sub Biatora longispora). – Jeollabuk-do: Jinan-gun,
Sungsu-myeon, on bark. Lat.: 35° 41’ 33.54” N; Long.: 129° 21’ 12.75” E; Alt.:
725 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. [‘Jinan 10’] and Woo, J.-J., 22.05.2016 (KoLRI). –
Jeollabuk-do: Muju-gun, Seolcheon-myeon, Mt Deogyusan, on bark, growing
together with Rinodina and Pertusaria spp. and Lecanora imshaugii. Lat.: 35° 48’
01.7” N; Long.: 127° 43’ 29.2” E; Alt.: ca 1,437 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (060556),
10.08.2006 (KoLRI 004928 sub Lecanora imshaugii). – It was recently reported
from South Korea from several localities (Kondratyuk et al. 2015b, 2016a).
Lecanactis subdilleniana S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic
of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Ulleung-eup,
between Naesujeon and Soekpo waterfall, at a rockwall, on siliceous rocks.
Lat.: 37° 31’ 19.51” N; Long.: 130° 54’ 16.03” E; Alt.: 415 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161766), 09.07.2016 (KoLRI 039984). – Jeollanamdo: Jangheung-gun, Gwansan-eup, Okdang-ri, Cheongwansan Mts, along the
tourist track No. 2, on siliceous rocks. Lat.: 34° 32’ 22.93” N; Long.: 126° 55’
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11.16” E; Alt.: ca 495 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (150382),
23.06.2015 (KoLRI 033977 sub Pertusaria flavicans). – It was reported from
South Korea from the Cheongwansan Mts and from Chuja-do Island (Kondratyuk et al. 2015b, 2016a).
Lecania rinodinoides S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of
Korea. Gyeongsangnam-do: Sancheong-gun, Sancheong-eup, along the tourist path to Ungseokbong, on siliceous rock, growing together with Rinodina
aff. fimbriata. Lat.: 35° 22’ 51.15” N; Long.: 127° 52’ 32.56” E; Alt.: ca 270 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (150220, 150221), 22.06.2015 (KoLRI
033815, KoLRI 033816 sub Buellia sp.). – It was described from a collection
from Anjoa-do Island (Jeollanam-do, Sinan-gun, South Korea), then it was
reported from several localities (Kondratyuk et al. 2013a, 2015a, b, 2016a, b). It
seems to be widely distributed in Korea.
Lecanora layana Lendemer – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Gangneung-si, tourist pass toward peak Seokbeongsan, on bark of
Quercus mongolica, growing together with Rinodina sp. Lat.: 37° 34’ 36.55” N;
Long.: 128° 51’ 47.16” E; Alt.: ca 840 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös,
L. (151050), 10.07.2015 (KoLRI 034283 sub Phaeophyscia adiastola damaged by
Taeniolella). – Additional South Korean record for a recently reported species
(Kondratyuk et al. 2016b).
*Lecanora ussuriensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of
Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Ulleung-eup,
Jeodong-ri, Jeodong tunnel coastal cliff, on rock, growing together with Lecanora polytropa, Caloplaca sp. Lat.: 37° 31’ 16.3” N; Long.: 130° 54’ 37.8” E; Alt.:
ca 25 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. (162782), 09.07.2016 (KoLRI 041020); the same
locality, growing together with Lecanora polytropa and Caloplaca aff. diffluens,
(162792) (KoLRI 041030 sub Lecanora polytropa); the same locality, (162796)
(KoLRI 041034). – New to Korea! Recently described from Russian Far East
(Kondratyuk et al. 2014b).
*Lecidella aff. carpathica Körb. – Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do:
Suncheon-si, Yongdang-dong, Mt top behind the artificial lake, growing on siliceous rock together with Absconditella baegasanensis. Lat.: 34° 58’
20.69” N; Long.: 127° 30’ 02.58” E; Alt.: 194 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y.
(164032),17.12.2016 (KoLRI 042300 sub Lecidella). – New to Korea!
Lecidella oceanica L. L. Zhang et X. Y. Wang – China. Liaoning province:
Dalian county, Lvshun city, Dongjia village, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 38° 56’
58.1” N; Long.: 121° 07’ 44.3” E; Alt.: ca 52 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O. and Hur, J.-S.
(CH-120075), 27.07.2012 (KoLRI 016685 sub Lecidella). – It was reported from
China recently (Zhao et al. 2015).
*Lemmopsis arnoldiana (Hepp) Zahlbr. – Republic of Korea. Gangwondo: Jeongseon-gun, Jeongseon-eup, Aesan-ri, limestone rocky wall along riv-
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er, on calcareous rocks. Lat.: 37° 22’ 18.66” N; Long.: 128° 40’ 27.76” E; Alt.:
325 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (163014), 16.09.2016 (KoLRI 041252); the same locality, growing together with Pterygiopsis aff. affinis
(163024), 16.09.2016 (KoLRI 041262); the same locality, (163025), 16.09.2016
(KoLRI 041263). – New to Korea and new to Asia!
*! Leptosphaeria crozalsii Vouaux – Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangnam-do: Sancheong-gun, Sancheong-eup, along the tourist path to Ungseokbong, on siliceous rock, growing together with Lecania rinodinoides, Verrucaria
fuscella. Lat.: 35° 22’ 51.15” N; Long.: 127° 52’ 32.56” E; Alt.: ca 270 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (150221) 22.06.2015 (KoLRI 033816 sub Rinodina aff. fimbriata). – New to Korea! After Navarro-Rosines (unpublished) this
taxon requires the transfer into Pyrenidium. However, from our observation
L. crozalsii has concolourous dark brown ascospores (not Pyrenidium-type of
ascospores).
! Lichenochora obscuroides (Linds.) Triebel et Rambold – Republic of
Korea. Chungcheongbuk-do: Yeongdong-gun, Sangchon-myeon, Gungchonri, on bark (Quercus), on Phaeophyscia, growing together with Coenogonium
luteum. Lat.: 36° 06’ 16.5” N; Long.: 127° 58’ 00.7” E; Alt.: 888 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Woo, J.-J., Park, G. S. and Oh, S.-O. (150523), 02.07.2015 (KoLRI 035842 sub
Coenogonium luteum). – Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Gangneung-si, tourist
pass toward peak Seokbeongsan, on bark of Quercus mongolica, growing on
Phaeophyscia adiastola. Lat.: 37° 34’ 36.55” N; Long.: 128° 51’ 47.16” E; Alt.: ca
840 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (151091), 10.07.2015 (KoLRI
034324 sub Phaeophyscia adiastola). – Gangwon-do: Yangyang-gun, Seomyeon,
Hwangi-ri, Mt Jobong, on bark, on thalli of Phaeophyscia, growing together
with Pertusaria ophthalmiza, Candelaria concolor, Agonimia sp. Lat.: 37° 56’ 06.42”
N; Long.: 127° 33’ 44.82” E; Alt.: 980 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Wang, X. Y., Ryu,
J. A. and Hur, J. Y. (090242), 14.05.2009 (KoLRI 009997 sub Pertusaria ophthalmiza). – It was reported from several localities in South Korea (Kondratyuk et
al. 2013a).
! Lichenoconium cf. erodens M. S. Christ et D. Hawksw. – China. Daxinganling, Heihe county, Mt Xifeng, on Betula bark, growing on Lecanora cf.
symmicta growing together with Melanelia sp. Lat.: 50° 30’ 4.26” N; Long.: 126°
50.524’E; Alt.: ca 421 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur, J.-S. and Wang, X. Y. (CH-090284),
17.08.2009 (KoLRI 010898 sub Lecanora). – It was reported from China from
several localities in Yunnan (Hawksworth and Cole 2003).
! Lichenodiplis lecanorae (Vouaux) Duko et D. Hawksw. – Republic of
Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Uljin-gun, Giseong-myeon, Mangyang 1-gil, seashore rocks, on granitic rock, growing on Lecanora aff. ussuriensis. Lat.: 36° 50’
05.29” N; Long.: 129° 26’ 35.54” E; Alt.: ca 5 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y.
and Lőkös, L. (151436), 12.07.2015 (KoLRI 034669). – It was recently reported
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from South Korea from Heuksan-do and Sinui-do islands (Kondratyuk et al.
2013a, 2016a).
! Lichenostigma alpinum (R. Sant., Alstrup et D. Hawksw.) Ertz et
Diederich (= Phaeosporobolus alpinum) – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do:
Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt Eungboksan, Tongbaram Valley, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 37° 51’ 42.06” N; Long.: 128° 31’ 29.34” E; Alt.: ca 730 a.s.l.
Coll.: Joshi, Y., Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A. (090689), 23.05.2009 (KoLRI 010358
sub Ochrolechia parellula). – Gyeongsangnam-do: Hadong-gun, Hwagae-myeon, Jiri Mts, Byeoksoryeong-Seseok, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 35° 19’ 40.74”
N; Long.: 127° 39’ 31.32” E; Alt.: ca 1,346 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Wang, X. Y.
and Hur, J. Y. (091361), 15.10.2009 (KoLRI 011289 sub Ochrolechia parellula).
– Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do Island, Chuja-myeon, Sinyang-1-ri, around grave
of Hwangkyeonghan, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 33° 56’ 50.4” N; Long.: 126° 20’
21.05” E; Alt.: 116 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y. and So, J.-E. (141002), 21.06.2014 (KoLRI 023558 sub Pertusaria). – Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do Island, Chuja-myeon,
Yecho-ri, road of Mt Sindea observatory, on siliceous rock, on Pertusaria. Lat.:
33° 57’ 09.9” N; Long.: 126° 20’ 13.08” E; Alt.: 56 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O., Park, J.
S. and Hur, J.-S. (141028), 21.06.2014 (KoLRI 023584 sub Ochrolechia parellula).
– Jeollanam-do: Gurye-gun, Masan-myeon, Jiri Mts, Nogodan-Yeonhaceon,
on siliceous rock, growing together with Halecania subalpivaga. Lat.: 35° 17’
50.34” N; Long.: 127° 33’ 11.88” E; Alt.: ca 1,364 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Wang,
X. Y. and Hur, J. Y. (091074), 13.10.2009 (010542 sub Ochrolechia parellula). –
Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Bogil-myeon, Bogil-do Island, Buhwang-ri, Mt
Gyeokjasan, between Keungiljae and Suribong, on siliceous rock, on thalli of
Pertusaria, growing together with Porpidia sp. and Ochrolechia parellula. Lat.:
34° 08’ 36.83” N; Long.: 126° 32’ 18.50” E; Alt.: ca 314 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y.,
Jeon, H. S. and Jeong, M.-H. (100114), 05.02.2010 (KoLRI 011609 sub Ochrolechia). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Bogil-myeon, Bogil-do Island, Yesongri, Mt Gyeokjasan, between Keungiljae and Suribong, on siliceous rock, on
Pertusaria subobductans, growing together with Ochrolechia partly damaged by
Lichenostigma. Lat.: 34° 08’ 33.20” N; Long.: 126° 33’ 23.58” E; Alt.: ca 289 m
a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Jeon, H. S. and Jeong, M.-H. (100092), 05.02.2010 (KoLRI
011588 sub Pertusaria subobductans). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Cheongsanmyeon, Cheongsan-do Island, Eup-ri, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 34° 09’ 11.22”
N; Long.: 126° 52’ 49.26” E; Alt.: ca 2 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A.
(110733), 23.06.2011 (013758 sub Ochrolechia parellula). – Jeollanam-do: Wandogun, Saengil-myeon, Saengil-do Island, Geumgok-ri coast, on siliceous rock.
Lat.: 34° 20’ 02.02” N; Long.: 126° 57’ 51.02” E; Alt.: 7 m a.s.l. Coll.: Jayalal,
U., Park, J. S. and Ryu, J. A. (120202), 18.04.2012 (014797 sub Ochrolechia parellula). – Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Samsan-myeon, Geomun-do Island, on rock,
growing together with Marfloraea amara. Lat.: 34° 00’ 38.2” N; Long.: 127° 19’
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
07.5” E; Alt.: ca 10 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (070117), 24.03.2007 (KoLRI 007104
sub Marfloraea (Pertusaria) amara). – It was recently reported from South Korea
from Bogil-do Island (Kondratyuk et al. 2016a as Phaeosporobolus alpinum).
*! Lichenostigma cf. bolacinae Nav.-Ros., Calat. et Hafellner – Republic
of Korea. Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do, Chuja-myeon, Sinyang-1-ri, seashore of
Mojini-mongdol, on siliceous rock, on Brownliella kobeana thalli. Lat.: 33° 56’
44.9” N; Long.: 126° 20’ 03.01” E; Alt.: ca 57 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y.
(SK-07) and Lőkös, L. (140916), 21.06.2014 (KoLRI 023444 sub Brownliella kobeana); the same locality, in thallus of Brownliella kobeana, growing together
with Xanthoparmelia coreana and Buellia spuria (140926-3) (KoLRI 023461 sub
Brownliella kobeana); the same locality, growing together with Loekoesia austrocoreana, Aspicilia sp. and Buellia spuria). Coll.: Joshi, Y. and So, J.-E. (140948)
(KoLRI 023489 sub Brownliella kobeana). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Bogilmyeon, Bogil-do Island, Jeongdong-ri seaside, on rock, in thallus of Brownliella kobeana, growing together with Diploschistes, Xanthoparmelia saxeti. Lat.:
34° 10’ 04.1” N; Long.: 126° 31’ 00.8” E; Alt.: ca 11 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Jeon,
H. S. and Jeong, M.-H. (100256-1), 05.02.2010 (KoLRI 011765 sub Brownliella
kobeana). – New to Korea! Brownliella kobeana is for the first time recorded as
host for this lichenicolous fungus.
! Lichenostigma cosmopolites Hafellner et Calat. – Republic of Korea.
Jeollanam-do: Goheung-gun, Geumsanmyeon, Geogeum-do Island, Sinpyeong-ri coast, on siliceous rock, on Xanthoparmelia coreana, growing together with Buellia stellulata, Jasonhuria bogilana, Aspicilia sp., and Polycoccum rubellianae. Lat.: 34° 28’ 30.4” N; Long.: 127° 14’ 03.6” E; Alt.: 1 m a.s.l. Coll.: Jayalal,
U., Park, J. S. and Ryu, J. A. (120073), 17.04.2012 (KoLRI 140666 sub Buellia stellulata). – Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Sinui-myeon, Sinui-do Island, on siliceous
rock, on Xanthoparmelia coreana. Lat.: 34° 32’ 25.05” N; Long.: 126° 01’ 59.05”
E; Alt.: 57 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O., Park, J. S. and Woo, J.-J. (130634), 28.06.2013
(KoLRI 018979 sub Aspicilia). – It was recently reported from South Korea
from Cheju-do Island (Joshi et al. 2015) and from Mt Bannonsan (Gangwondo) (Kondratyuk et al. 2016a).
*! Lichenostigma aff. rupicolae Fern.-Brime et Nav.-Ros. – Republic of
Korea. Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do, Chuja-myeon, Sinyang-1-ri, seashore of Mojini-mongdol, on siliceous rock, in thallus of Pertusaria astomoides, growing
together with Pertusaria astomoides, Buellia sp. and Ramalina sp. Lat.: 33° 56’
44.9” N; Long.: 126° 20’ 03.01” E; Alt.: ca 57 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y. and So, J.-E.
(140956), 21.06.2014 (KoLRI 023499 sub Pertusaria subobductans). – Jeollabukdo: Jeongeup-si, Naejang-dong, Naejang Mt, on rock, in thallus of Rimularia
sp. Lat.: 35° 29’ 38.2” N; Long.: 126° 54’ 39.27” E; Alt.: ca 565 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Hur, J.-S. (050024), 08.01.2005 (KoLRI 002927 sub Rimularia sp.). – Jeollanamdo: Sinan-gun, Hauido, Haui-myeon, Unggok-ri seaside, on siliceous rock, in
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thallus of Pertusaria astomoides. Lat.: 34° 36’ 07.07” N; Long.: 126° 00’ 52.02” E;
Alt.: ca 20 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O., Park, J. S. and Woo, J.-J. (130683), 28.06.2013
(KoLRI 019028 sub Pertusaria astomoides). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Bogilmyeon, Bogil-do Island, Buhwang-ri, Mt Gyeokjasan, between Keungiljae and
Suribong, on siliceous rock, in thallus of Pertusaria subobductans growing together with Phaeosporobolus alpinum. Lat.: 34° 08’ 33.2” N; Long.: 126° 33’ 23.6”
E; Alt.: ca 289 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Jeon, H. S. and Jeong, M.-H. (100092),
05.02.2010 (KoLRI 011588 sub Pertusaria subobductans). – Jeollanam-do: Wando-gun, Bogil-myeon, Bogil-do Island, Buhwang-ri, on rock. Lat.: 34° 09’ 16.5”
N; Long.: 126° 34’ 44.4” E; Alt.: ca 3 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A.
(110638), 22.06.2011 (KoLRI 013666 sub Pertusaria astomoides). – New to Korea!
*Lichinella cribellifera (Nyl.) P. P. Moreno et Egea – Republic of Korea.
Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Jeongseon-eup, Aesan-ri, limestone rocky wall
along river, on calcareous rocks. Lat.: 37° 22’ 18.66” N; Long.: 128° 40’ 27.76”
E; Alt.: 325 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (163014), 16.09.2016
(KoLRI 041252). – New to Korea!
*Lichinella iodopulchra (Croz.) P. P. Moreno et Egea – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Jeongseon-eup, Aesan-ri, limestone rocky
wall along river, on calcareous rocks. Lat.: 37° 22’ 18.66” N; Long.: 128° 40’
27.76” E; Alt.: 325 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (163010),
16.09.2016 (KoLRI 041248). – New to Korea!
*Lichinella aff. myriospora (Zahlbr.) P. P. Moreno et Egea – Republic
of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon,
Namyang-ri, Turtle Rock, seashore rocks, on basalt, growing together with
Candelariella. Lat.: 37° 27’ 36.62” N; Long.: 130° 51’ 27.69” E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161908), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040145);
the same locality, (161924) (KoLRI 040161 sub Candelariella). – New to Korea!
*Lichinella stipatula Nyl. – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Jeongseongun, Jeongseon-eup, Aesan-ri, limestone rocky wall along river, on calcareous
rocks. Lat.: 37° 22’ 18.66” N; Long.: 128° 40’ 27.76” E; Alt.: 325 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (163014), 16.09.2016 (KoLRI 041252). – New
to Korea!
Loekoesia austrocoreana (S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J. S. Hur) S. Y. Kondr.,
J. Kim, A. S. Kondr., S.-O. Oh et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea. Jeollanamdo: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do Island, Usil coastside road, on siliceous
rock. Lat.: 34° 30’ 40.01” N; Long.: 127° 46’ 38.07” E; Alt.: 1 m a.s.l. Coll.: Jayalal, U., Park, J. S. and Ryu, J. A. (120448, 120449), 26.04.2012 (KoLRI 015438,
KoLRI 015439). – Additional South Korean record to the recently described
species (Kondratyuk et al. 2013b as Caloplaca austrocoreana).
Maronea constans (Nyl.) Hepp – Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do:
Suncheon-si, Songgwang-myeon, Jogyesan Mts, Sinpyeong-ri, near Song-
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
gwangsa Temple, along stream valley, on bark, growing together with B. pseudosambuci, Biatora sp., Graphis, Rinodina and Phaeophyscia sp. Lat.: 35° 00’ 10.7”
N; Long.: 127° 16’ 07.0” E; Alt.: 80 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J. (164044), 16.12.2016
(KoLRI 042312 sub Maronea). – It was reported from South Korea at first by
Aptroot and Moon (2014) from Cheju-do Island.
Melanophloea coreana S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of
Korea. Chungcheongnam-do: Taean-gun, Anmyeon-eup, Anmyeon Island,
Bangpo beach, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 36° 30’ 13.7” N; Long.: 126° 20’ 06.6” E;
Alt.: 5 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (061243), 05.11.2006 (KoLRI 005631). – Gangwondo: Chuncheon-si, Buksan-myeon, Jogyo-ri, Mt Maebong, on siliceous rock.
Lat.: 37° 54’ 38.28” N; Long.: 127° 58’ 54.48” E; Alt.: ca 610 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang,
X. Y., Jeon, H. S., Lü, L. and Ryu, J. A. (100588), 26.05.2010 (KoLRI 012341
sub Aspicilia). – Gangwon-do: Samcheok-si, Geundeok-myeon, Gungchon-ri,
Gungshon Seashore, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 37° 19’ 41.4” N; Long.: 129° 16’
21.1” E; Alt.: 43 m a.s.l. Coll.: Park, J. S. (151831), (KoLRI 034834 sub Lecanora
sp.). – Jeju-do: Cheju do Island, Seogwipo-si, Seongsan-eup, Goseong-ri, Seopjicoji, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 33° 19’ 21.0” N; Long.: 126° 50’ 49.03” E; Alt.: ca
69 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y. and So, J.-E. (140502), 19.06.2014 (KoLRI 022902 sub
Ochrolechia). – Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do Island, Chuja-myeon, Yecho-ri, Mt
Dondae, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 33° 56’ 53.9” N; Long.: 126° 19’ 26.7” E; Alt.: ca
164 m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. (140825-1), 20.06.2014 (KoLRI 023311 sub Aspicilia
sp.). – Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Aphae-eup, Aphae-do Island, seaside, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 34° 54’ 27.4” N; Long.: 126° 18’ 58.7” E; Alt.: 8 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Oh, S.-O., Park, J. S. and Woo, J.-J. (130374), 07.06.2013 (KoLRI 018719 sub
Aspicilia). – Additional South Korean records to the recently described species
(Kondratyuk et al. 2015b, 2016b).
*Melaspilea proximella (Nyl.) Nyl. – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do: Chejudo Island, Jeju-si, Mt Hallasan, Hallasan National Park, Arail-dong, along
Gwaneumsa Temple trail, along the tourist path, on bark (Betula). Lat.: 33°
22’ 42.9” N; Long.: 126° 31’ 52.4” E; Alt.: 1,452 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y.,
Oh, S.-O. and Kusama, Y. (121787), 08.08.2012 (KoLRI 017153 sub Melaspilea).
– New to Korea! – Note: This species is still in need of the further collection.
Our specimen differs in different host (vs. Juniperus bark). Additionally we
have not observed polar flagella in young ascospores, which are characteristic
for this species.
*Micarea alabastrites (Nyl.) Coppins – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do: Jejusi, Nohyeong-dong, Temple Cheonwang, on siliceous rock, growing together
with Porina distans. Lat.: 33° 24’ 39.4” N; Long.: 126° 29’ 38.05” E; Alt.: ca 681 m
a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. P. (140740), 20.06.2014 (KoLRI 023199 sub Micarea). – New
to Korea!
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Micarea peliocarpa (Anzi) Coppins – Republic of Korea. Jeollabuk-do:
Namwon-si, Ayeong-myeon, Gusang-ri, Mt Bonghwa, on bark (Pinus). Lat.:
35° 32’ 07.0” N; Long.: 127° 34’ 16.4” E; Alt.: 688 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J. and
Oh, S.-O. (152200), 17.07.2015 (KoLRI 036123 sub Biatora sp.). – It was first
reported from South Korea from Cheju-do Island (Kondratyuk et al. 2013a).
! Muellerella pygmaea (Körb.) D. Hawksw. var. pygmaea – Republic of
Korea. Gyeonggi-do: Ansan-si, Danwon-gu, Daebudong-dong, Daebu-do Island, on siliceous rock, on Pertusaria thalli growing together with Verrucaria,
Pertusaria sp. damaged by Lichenostigma and Halecania spp. Lat.: 37° 14’ 51.90”
N; Long.: 126° 28’ 56.46” E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y., Ryu, J. A. and
Guo, W. (101272), 01.10.2010 (KoLRI 012656 sub Pertusaria). – Gyeonggi-do:
Incheon, Ongjin-gun, Deokjeok-myeon, Deokjeok-do, Buk-ri, Neungdong
seaside, on siliceous rock, on Pertusaria subobductans growing together with
Lecidella oceanica. Lat.: 37° 15’ 52.06” N; Long.: 126° 06’ 02.09” E; Alt.: 20 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Oh, S.-O. and Park, J. S. (130477), 14.06.2013 (KoLRI 018822 sub Pertusaria subobductans). – Gyeongsangbuk-do: Uljin-gun, Giseong-myeon, Mangyang
1-gil, seashore rocks, on granitic rock, growing on thallus of Lecanora aff. ussuriensis. Lat.: 36° 50’ 05.29” N; Long.: 129° 26’ 35.54” E; Alt.: ca 5 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (151474), 12.07.2015 (KoLRI 034707 sub Lecanora). – Gyeongsangnam-do: Tongyeong-si, Yokji-myeon, Yokji-do Island,
Seosan-ri, Udong beach, on siliceous rock, on thalli of Pertusaria subobductans.
Lat.: 34° 37’ 05.07” N; Long.: 128° 14’ 38.00” E; Alt.: ca 8 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.O., Jayalal, U., Park, J. S. and Ryu, J. A. (120876), 11.05.2012 (KoLRI 015874
sub Pertusaria subobductans). – Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do Island, Chuja-myeon,
Sinyang-1-ri, around grave of Hwangkyeonghan, on siliceous rock, on Pertusaria growing together with Mikhtomia multicolor, and Lecania sp. Lat.: 33°
56’ 50.4” N; Long.: 126° 20’ 21.05” E; Alt.: 116 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O., Park, J.
S. and Hur, J.-S. (140977), 21.06.2014 (KoLRI 023524 sub Mikhtomia multicolor).
– Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do Island, Chuja-myeon, Sinyang-1-ri, seashore of
Mojini-mongdol, on siliceous seashore rock, on Pertusaria astomoides growing
together with Mikhtomia multicolor. Lat.: 33° 56’ 44.9” N; Long.: 126° 20’ 03.01”
E; Alt.: ca 57 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y. and So, J.-E. (140942), 21.06.2014 (023482
sub Pertusaria astomoides). – Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Chuja-do Island, Chuja-myeon,
Yecho-ri, road of Mt Sindea observatory, on siliceous rock, on Pertusaria subobductans growing together with Yoshimuria spodoplaca, Lecanora lojkahugoi,
Mikhtomia multicolor, Rinodina and Lecanora. Lat.: 33° 57’ 09.9” N; Long.: 126°
20’ 13.08” E; Alt.: 56 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y. and So, J.-E. (140979-2), 21.06.2014
(KoLRI 023528 sub Pertusaria subobductans); the same locality, Coll.: Oh, S.-O.,
Park, J. S. and Hur, J.-S. (141024), 21.06.2014 (KoLRI 023580 sub Pertusaria subobductans). – Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Bigeum-myeon Imja-do Island, nearby
wharf Jinri, on siliceous rock, on Pertusaria subobductans damaged also by Li-
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chenostigma. Lat.: 35° 05’ 21.1” N; Long.: 126° 07’ 17.6” E; Alt.: 11 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Oh, S.-O., Park, J. S. and Woo, J.-J. (130242), 06.06.2013 (KoLRI 018587 sub
Pertusaria subobductans). – Jeollanam-do: Sinan-gun, Palgeum-myeon, Palgeum-do Island, on siliceous rock, on Pertusaria subobductans. Lat.: 34° 47’ 08.39”
N; Long.: 126° 08’ 11.54” E; Alt.: ca 1 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A.
(110391), 02.06.2011 (KoLRI 012943 sub Pertusaria subobductans). – Jeollanamdo: Yeosu-si, Samsan-myeon, Geomun-do Island, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 34°
00’ 39.2” N; Long.: 127° 19’ 04.9” E; Alt.: ca 8 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (070104),
24.03.2007 (KoLRI 007091 sub Pertusaria astomoides). – It was recently reported
from South Korea from Yokji-do Island (Kondratyuk et al. 2016a).
Opegrapha briancoppinsii S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic
of Korea. Chungcheongbuk-do: Goesan-gun, Cheongcheon-myeon, on rock,
on Porpidia albocaerulescens, growing together with Porina and green steril
crust. Lat.: 36° 39’ 51.56” N; Long.: 127° 42’ 57.12” E; Alt.: ca 205 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Lee, B. G. and Woo, J.-J. (loc. 4), 18.06.2016 (KoLRI, Forest project 2016); the
same locality, Porpidia albocaerulescens, growing together with Porina, (loc. 5)
(KoLRI, Forest project 2016). – The fourth South Korean record of the recently
described species (Kondratyuk et al. 2016b).
Opegrapha calcarea Sm. – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island,
Seogwipo-si, Namseongjiung-ro, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 33° 13’ 56.1” N;
Long.: 126° 29’ 24.1” E; Alt.: 13 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O. and Liu, D. (152539),
20.08.2015 (KoLRI 036761 sub Lecanora). – It was reported from South Korea
by Kondratyuk et al. (2013a, 2016a).
*! Opegrapha aff. thelotrematis Coppins – Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Ulleung-eup, Jeodong-ri,
Jeongmae Hwagok shelter, on tree bark, growing on thallus of Graphis sp.
Lat.: 37° 31’ 01.9” N; Long.: 130° 54’ 08.7” E; Alt.: 347 m a.s.l. Coll.: Park, J. S.
(162170), 09.07.2016 (KoLRI 040408 sub Graphis). – New to Korea!
Opegrapha ulleungdoensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic
of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Buk-myeon,
Cheonbu-ri, coastal road cliff, on rock, growing together with Caloplaca sp. 99,
Caloplaca sp. Lat.: 37° 32’ 29.6” N; Long.: 130° 51’ 47.7” E; Alt.: ca 13 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Lee, B. G. (162742), 07.07.2016 (KoLRI 040980 sub Opegrapha); the same
locality, growing together with Yoshimuria galbina, Caloplaca sp., Orientophila
fauriei, Lecanora sp. and Lecania sp. (162738) (KoLRI 040976 sub Opegrapha). –
Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Buk-myeon, Cheonburi, in front of Gwaneum island ticket box, mountain 1, on rock, growing together with Catillaria ulleungdoensis and Lecania sp. Lat.: 37° 32’ 29.0” N; Long.:
130° 54’ 58.5” E; Alt.: ca 13 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. (162748), 07.07.2016 (KoLRI
040986 sub Lecania). – Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun,
Jeodong-ri, Jeodong tunnel coastal cliff, on rock. Lat.: 37° 31’ 16.3” N; Long.:
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130° 54’ 37.8” E; Alt.: ca 25 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. (162803), 09.07.2016 (KoLRI 041041 sub Opegrapha). – It was described and reported recently from Ulleung-do Island, South Korea (Kondratyuk et al. 2016b).
Orientophila jungakimae S. Y. Kondr., S.-O. Oh et J.-S. Hur – Republic
of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Ulleung-eup,
Dodong-ri, Dodong port, on rock. Lat.: 37° 28’ 59.9” N; Long.: 130° 54’ 40.7”
E; Alt.: ca 20 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. (162853), 11.07.2016 (KoLRI 041091 sub
Orientophila). – It was described and reported recently from the islands of the
southern archipelago of South Korea (Kondratyuk et al. 2016d).
*Orientophila leucerythrella (Nyl.) S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur,
comb. nova (Figs 36–37) – MycoBank no.: MB 819943. – Basionym: Lecanora
leucerythrella Nyl., Lich. Japon.: 38 (1890). ≡ Caloplaca leucerythrella (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univers. 7: 155 (1930) [1931]. (As far original description of Lecanora leucerythrella was very poor Nylander (1890: 38) (measurements only
for apothecia – up to 0.5 mm diam., and for ascospores (11–12 × 5–6 μm) were
mentioned), we are including description of this taxon based on Korean specimens cited.)
Thallus (0.5–)1–1.5 cm across, probably may form larger aggregations,
often more or less regularly rounded, dull light grey to dull whitish or whitish
grey or dull grey yellowish owing to numerous yellow spots of juvenile apothecia and conidiomata, crustose, more or less evenly continuous to uneven,
warty, sometimes with thicker portion, which seem to be separate areoles to
0.5 mm across, but deep cracks (to rock surface) not observed, to indistinctly
cracked, some portions are thicker, some still very thin, but not areolate; with
well contrasting dull yellow orange or dull orange apothecia. Hypothallus not
observed.
Apothecia 0.2–0.4(–0.6) mm diam., in section to 0.2–0.28 mm thick, as juvenile immersed into the thallus, but soon becoming sessile, distinctly attenuated at the basis; disc plane or somewhat undulating, seem to be biatorine to
zeorine or lecanorine, own margin to 40–60 μm thick often concolourous with
disc, dull yellow orange, observed between greenish grey or whitish to dull
whitish grey thalline margin, mostly seen at sides or on underside, and dull
yellow orange or dull orange disc; thalline margin in zeorine apothecia better
seen/better developed in cases, when apothecia are in some undulations or
cracks of substrate; disc more or less plane or somewhat concave; in section
thalline exciple to 70–80(–120) μm thick, better developed on underside, with
cortical layer to 20 μm thick, somewhat indistinct paraplectenchymatous, algal zone with abundant number of algal cells to 60–70 μm thick, algal cells
8–17(–19) μm diam.; true exciple very thin in lateral portion to (20–)30–50(–70)
μm thick in uppermost and to 15–20 μm thick in lower lateral portions, to
(10–)15–25(–30) μm thick in basal portion of Blastenia-type, consisting of ra-
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Fig. 36. Orientophila leucerythrella (KoLRI 161923) enlarged portions of thallus with apothecia. Scale 0.5 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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diating hyphae or somewhat more gelatinised in lateral portion, scleroplectenchymatous with matrix and hyphae lumina 1–1.5 μm diam.; hymenium
to 70–90 μm high, without oil droplets; paraphyses richly branched in the
upper portions, tips to 4–5 μm diam. in water (and in K); subhymenium to 40–
50(–80) μm thick, without oil droplets; paraphyses slightly swollen towards
the tips, to 3–4 μm wide; asci 8-spored; ascospores usually very numerous,
while young and sometimes undeveloped predominant, bipolar ascospores
observed rarely, widely ellipsoid with rather narrow septum, (8–)11–13(–15) ×
(4–)5–6.5(–8) μm in water and, (7–)11–13(–15) × (4.5–)5.5–7(–8) μm in K (more
Fig. 37. Orientophila leucerythrella (KoLRI 161923) growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, general habit. Scale 1 mm. (Photo of S. Kondratyuk)
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than 75 measurements each); ascospore septum (2–)4–5(–5.5–8) μm in water
and (3–)5–6.5(–7) μm wide in K. Conidiomata bright yellow, immersed in
thallus; conidia narrowly bacilliform, 4.5–6 × 0.8–0.9 μm.
Chemistry: Epihymenium/whole hymenium, outermost portion of true
exciple and cortical layer of thalline exciple K+ purple; cortical layer of thallus
K+ more or less darker violetish purple.
Ecology: On siliceous rocks in coastal zones often growing among other
crustose lichens, like Flavoplaca laszloana, Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana, and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis, as well as Phaeophyscia sp.
Distribution: So far known from scattered localities within the Eastern
Asian region. It is for the first time recorded from Korea, while it was described from Japan.
Taxonomic notes: Orientophila leucerythrella is similar to Caloplaca flavovirescens (see also Kondratyuk et al. 2017) of the subfamily Caloplacoideae
of the Teloschistaceae, but differs in having hymenium and subhymenium
not inspersed with oil, and in having much smaller ascospores, as well as in
positioning in the Orientophila branch of the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the
Teloschistaceae. Orientophila leucerythrella is characterised also by rather long,
narrowly bacilliform conidia, while data on conidia of Caloplaca flavovirescens
are still missing.
It is interesting to note that not all young ascospores of Orientophila leucerythrella becoming bipolar in K. This phenomenon was observed for the first
time in the member of Teloschistaceae.
Position of this taxon in the Orientophila clade of the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the Teloschistaceae is confirmed by seven voucher specimens (i.e.:
nr. 161881 (DNA voucher SK G86), nr. 161883 (DNA voucher SK G88), nr.
161887 (DNA voucher SK G90), nr. 161888 (DNA voucher SK G91), nr. 161896
(DNA voucher SK G94), nr. 161898 (DNA voucher SK G95), and nr. 161907
(DNA voucher SK G99)) based on ITS phylogeny.
Specimens examined (see also ubder Candelariella hakulinenii and Flavoplaca laszloana): Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island,
Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon, Namyang-ri, Turtle Rock, seashore rocks, on basalt,
growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis. Lat.:
37° 27’ 36.62” N; Long.: 130° 51’ 27.69” E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk,
S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161881), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040118 sub Orientophila leucerythrella; DNA voucher SK G86); the same locality, growing together with
Flavoplaca laszloana, (161883), (KoLRI 040120 sub Orientophila leucerythrella;
DNA voucher SK G88); the same locality, growing together with Flavoplaca
laszloana and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis, (161887), (KoLRI 040124 sub Orientophila
leucerythrella; DNA voucher SK G90); the same locality, growing together with
Pyrenopsis chejudoensis, (161888), (KoLRI 040125 sub Orientophila leucerythrella;
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DNA voucher SK G91); the same locality, growing together with Flavoplaca
laszloana and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis, (161896) (KoLRI 040133 sub Orientophila leucerythrella; DNA voucher SK G94); the same locality, growing together
with Phaeophyscia sp., Flavoplaca laszloana and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis, (161898),
(KoLRI 040135 sub Orientophila leucerythrella; DNA voucher SK G95); the same
locality, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana and Pyrenopsis chejudoensis,
(161907), (KoLRI 040144 sub Orientophila leucerythrella; DNA voucher SK G99).
Orientophila yokjidoensis S. Y. Kondr., S.-O. Oh et J.-S. Hur – Republic
of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Ulleung-eup,
Dodong-ri, Dodong port, on rock, growing together with Amandinea punctata.
Lat.: 37° 28’ 59.9” N; Long.: 130° 54’ 40.7” E; Alt.: ca 20 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G.
(162851), 11.07.2016 (KoLRI 041089 sub Lecanora polytropa). – It was described
recently from scattered localities on islands in the southern archipelago of
South Korea (Kondratyuk et al. 2016d).
*Pectenia plumbea (Lightf.) P. M. Jørg., L. Lindblom, Wedin et S. Ekman (= Degelia plumbea (Lightf.) P. M. Jørg. et P. James) – Republic of Korea.
Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Seogwipo-si, Mt Halla, Yeongsil Trail. Lat.: 33° 21’
12.19” N; Long.: 126° 29’ 51.54” E; Alt.: 1,308 m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. P., Oh, S.O. and Liu, D. (151673), 21.07.2015 (KoLRI 035366). – New to Korea! – Note:
Easily recognisable species by monophyllous, blue-grey, plate-like thallus.
Known from oceanic W Europe, Macaronesia, eastern N America, Asia, Africa. Overgrowing mosses on stones and trees. Easily recognised by the thick,
monophyllous, placodioid, lead-blue, orbicular thallus. Sometimes it consists
of small, often imbricate lobes. P. atlantica differs with fewer, flattened isidia.
P. ligulata is characteristic by the less rounded and expanded schizidia.
*Placynthium tantaleum (Hepp) Hue – Republic of Korea. Gangwondo: Jeongseon-gun, Jeongseon-eup, Aesan-ri, Jeongseon church, on calcareous rock. Lat.: 37° 22’ 17.3” N; Long.: 128° 40’ 25.2” E; Alt.: ca 319 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Park, J. S., Woo, J.-J. and Lee, B. G. (152865), 06.09.2015 (KoLRI 037174); the
same locality, growing together with Caloplaca sp. Coll.: Lee, B. G. (152783),
06.09.2015 (KoLRI 037770 sub Caloplaca). – New to Korea!
Polysporina golubkovae S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös, J. S. Park et J.-S. Hur –
Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangnam-do: Hamyang-gun, Seosang-myeon, Mt
Baekun, on siliceous rock, growing together with Halecania subalpivaga and
Aspicilia. Lat.: 35° 36’ 20.10” N; Long.: 127° 39’ 39.48” E; Alt.: 917 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Wang, X. Y., Jeon, H. S. and Han, G. S. (100381), 24.06.2010 (KoLRI 012024 sub
Aspicilia); the same locality, (100418), 24.06.2010 (KoLRI 012045 sub Aspicilia).
– It was recently described from two localities of South Korea (Kondratyuk et
al. 2016a).
Porina distans Vězda et Vivant – Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do:
Suncheon-si, Sunchon, along Jobi-gil road, on siliceous rock, growing togeth-
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er with Dibaeis yurii, and Cladonia sp. Lat.: 34° 58’ 29.62” N; Long.: 127° 28’
34.20” E; Alt.: ca 71 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. (163452), 09.10.2016 (KoLRI 041697); the same locality, growing together with Dibaeis yurii, (163453)
(KoLRI 041698). – It was reported recently from Cheju-do Island and from
Gangwon-do province, South Korea (Kondratyuk et al. 2015a, 2016a).
*Porpidia flavicunda (Ach.) Gowan – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do: Seogwipo-si, Mt Halla, Yeongsil Trail, on rock. Lat.: 34° 21’ 34.26” N; Long.: 126°
30’ 49.87” E; Alt.: ca 1,670 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y., Lőkös, L., Oh, S.-O.
and Joshi, S. (121809), 04.07.2012 (KoLRI 016745). – New to Korea!
Protoparmeliopsis chejuensis S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur – Republic of
Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Buk-myeon,
Cheonbu-ri, coastal road cliff, on rock, growing together with Verrucaria sp.
Lat.: 37° 32’ 29.6” N; Long.: 130° 51’ 47.7” E; Alt.: ca 13 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G.
(162746), 07.07.2016 (KoLRI 040984 sub Protoparmeliopsis). – It was described
and reported several times from Cheju-do Island, South Korea (Kondratyuk
et al. 2013a, 2015a, 2016a, b, Wang et al. 2016).
Protoparmeliopsis zerovii S. Y. Kondr. – Republic of Korea. Chungcheongbuk-do: Danyang-gun, Danseong-myeon, 584 Daejam-ri, on rock. Lat.: 36° 54’
20.8” N; Long.: 128° 18’ 42.9” E; Alt.: 207 m a.s.l. Coll.: Park, J. S. (152825),
06.09.2015 (KoLRI 037134 sub Lecanora sp.). – Gangwon-do: Hongcheon-gun,
Nae-myeon, Mt Eungboksan, Tongbaram Valley, on rock. Lat.: 37° 51’ 42.06”
N; Long.: 128° 31’ 29.34” E; Alt.: ca 730 a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y., Wang, X. Y. and Ryu,
J. A. (090703), 23.05.2009 (KoLRI 010372). – Gyeongsangnam-do: Sancheonggun, Sancheong-eup, Jiri Mts, Mt Ungseokbong, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 35° 22’
49.02” N; Long.: 127° 52’ 27.60” E; Alt.: ca 260 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu,
J. A. (101293), 11.10.2010 (KoLRI 012668 sub Lecanora). – Gyeongsangnam-do:
Yangsan-si, Wondong-myeon, Mt Cheontaesan, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 36° 09’
14.5” N; Long.: 127° 36’ 59.6” E; Alt.: ca 214 m a.s.l. Coll.: Joshi, Y. and Wang, X.
Y. (061161), 03.11.2006 (KoLRI 005549). – It was recently described from South
Korea from Mt Cheontaesan (Kondratyuk et al. 2016a).
Psoroglaena chirisanensis L. Lőkös, S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Nakdong-ri, Seonpyeong-gil, roadside trees along river, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 37° 19’ 16.28” N;
Long.: 128° 42’ 53.84” E; Alt.: 360 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös,
L. (163171), 16.09.2016 (KoLRI 041416). – Jeollanam-do: Suncheon-si, Maegokdong, in old fruit garden, on bark (Punica granatum?). Lat.: 34° 57’ 29.63” N;
Long.: 127° 30’ 10.41” E; Alt.: ca 176 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. (160675
old, 163636), 24.06.2016 (KoLRI 041881). – It was recently described from
South Korea from the Jiri Mts (Kondratyuk et al. 2016a).
Psorotichia cf. gyelnikii S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic
of Korea. Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Seogwipo-si, Seongsan-eup, Goseong-ri,
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Seopjicoji, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 33° 19’ 21.0” N; Long.: 126° 50’ 49.03” E; Alt.:
ca 69 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (140295), 19.06.2014 (KoLRI
022655); the same locality, (140391) (KoLRI 022770 sub Caloplaca pelodella); the
same locality, growing together with Verrucaria sp. (140392) (KoLRI 022773
sub Caloplaca pelodella); the same locality, growing together with Caloplaca
pelodella, (140393-2) (KoLRI 022776 sub Psorotichia); the same locality, Coll.:
Halda, J. P. (140441) (KoLRI 022838). – Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Seogwiposi, Gangjeong-dong, Yeongtto waterfall, on siliceous rocks. Lat.: 33° 16’ 01.7”
N; Long.: 126° 29’ 49.00” E; Alt.: ca 210 m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. P. (140446),
19.06.2014 (KoLRI 022843); the same locality, (140448) (KoLRI 022845); the
same locality, growing together with Pyrenopsis aff. haematina, (140450) (KoLRI 022847 sub Psorotichia). – It was recently described from South Korea from
Cheju-do Island (Kondratyuk et al. 2016b).
*Psorula rufonigra (Tuck.) Gotth. Schneid. (Fig. 38) – Republic of Korea.
Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Jeju-si, Hangyeong-myeon, Sinchang-ri, around Singaemul Park nearby coast, on rock, together with Spilonema revertens. Lat.: 33°
20’ 31.91” N; Long.: 126° 10’ 13.00” E; Alt.: 2 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lőkös, L., 05.07.2012
(BP). – New to Korea! Spilonema revertens has already been reported by Aptroot and Moon (2014) from the Juwang Mts, this second record of S. revertens
is new for Cheju-do Island.
Pterygiopsis affinis (A. Massal.) Henssen – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Jeongseon-eup, Aesan-ri, limestone rocky wall along
river, on calcareous rocks. Lat.: 37° 22’ 18.66” N; Long.: 128° 40’ 27.76” E; Alt.:
325 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (063014), 16.09.2016 (KoLRI 041252); the same locality, growing together with Lemmopsis arnoldiana
(163024), 16.09.2016 (KoLRI 041262); the same locality, (163025), 16.09.2016
(KoLRI 041263). – It was reported from South Korea by Schultz and Moon
(2011) and Joshi and Hur (2013).
Fig. 38. Psorula rufonigra growing together with Spilonema revertens, general habit (BP).
Scale 500 μm. (Photo of E. Farkas)
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*Pyrenocarpon aff. thelostomum (J. Harriman) Coppins et Aptroot –
Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Jeongseon-eup, Aesan-ri,
limestone rocky wall along river, on calcareous rocks. Lat.: 37° 22’ 18.66” N;
Long.: 128° 40’ 27.76” E; Alt.: 325 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös,
L. (163009), 16.09.2016 (KoLRI 041247). – New to Korea! The Korean specimen
differs from type specimen in having wider ascospores!
*Pyrenodesmia duplicata (Vain.) S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur,
comb. nova – MycoBank no.: MB 819945. – Basionym: Lecanora duplicata Vain.,
Meddn Soc. Fauna Flora fenn. 2: 55 (1878). ≡ Caloplaca duplicata (Vain.) H. Olivier, Mém. Soc. Natn. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 37: 124 (1909). – Republic of Korea.
Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon, Namyangri, along the coast road (Ulleungsunhwan-ro, Nr. 926), on steep, siliceous,
roadside rocks, growing together with Flavoplaca laszloana, Acarospora ulleungdoensis, Buellia ulleungdoensis and Rufoplaca kaernefeltiana. Lat.: 37° 27’ 36.42”
N; Long.: 130° 52’ 07.96” E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös,
L. (161957), 10.07.2016. (KoLRI 040197 sub Rufoplaca; DNA voucher SK H12).
– It is for the first time recorded for South Korea. Position of this taxon within
the Pyrenodesmia clade of the subfamily Caloplacoideae of the Teloschistaceae
is confirmed by three specimens based on ITS phylogeny.
Pyrenopsis chejudoensis L. Lőkös, S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur – Republic
of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon,
Namyang-ri, Turtle Rock, on basaltic seashore rocks. Lat.: 37° 27’ 36.62” N;
Long.: 130° 51’ 27.69” E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös,
L. (161875), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040112); the same locality, growing together
with Candelariella hakulinenii, Flavoplaca laszloana, Thelenella luridella, (161915)
(KoLRI 040152 sub Phaeophyscia/Physciella); the same locality, (161934) (KoLRI
040171). – Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon,
Namyang-ri, along the coast road (Ulleungsunhwan-ro, Nr. 926), on steep,
siliceous, roadside rocks, growing together with Squamulea squamosa, Phaeophyscia, Verrucaria, Psorotichia and Catillaria spp. Lat.: 37° 27’ 36.42” N; Long.:
130° 52’ 07.96” E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161964),
10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040201). – Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Jeju-si, Gujwa-eup,
Gimnyeong-ri, Gimnyeong Port, on siliceous rock, growing together with
Fauriea chujaensis. Lat.: 33° 33’ 26.0” N; Long.: 126° 43’ 56.9” E; Alt.: ca 6 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (040889), 29.08.2004 (KoLRI 001676 sub Fauriea chujaensis). –
Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Jeju-si, Hangyeong-myeon, Sinchang-ri, seashore
road, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 33° 20’ 31.60” N; Long.: 126° 10’ 12.08” E; Alt.:
ca 82 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. (140273), 18.06.2014 (KoLRI 022636 sub
Squamulea squamosa). – Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do Island, Simjang-ri, roadside from Yeoan Elementary school, on rocks, in coastal
zones. Lat.: 34° 28’ 58.9” N; Long.: 127° 48’ 15.4” E; Alt.: ca 18 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Kondratyuk, S. Y. (160340), 10.06.2016 (KoLRI 038485 sub Staurothele oxneri).
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– Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do Island, Yusong-ri, Mando
beach, on siliceous rock, growing with Aspicilia). Lat.: 34° 31’ 36.92” N; Long.:
127° 46’ 12.90” E; Alt.: ca 18 m a.s.l.; Coll.: Jayalal, U., Park, J. S. and Ryu, J. A.
(120566), 24.04.2012 (KoLRI 015558 sub Aspicilia). – Additional South Korean
records for the recently described species (Kondratyuk et al. 2016a).
*Pyrenopsis aff. haematina P. M. Jørg. et Henssen – Republic of Korea.
Jeju-do: Seogwipo-si, Gangjeong-dong, Yeongtto waterfall, on rocks, growing
together with Psorotichia. Lat.: 33° 16’ 01.7” N; Long.: 126° 29’ 49.00” E; Alt.: ca
210 m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. (140450), 19.06.2014 (KoLRI 022847 sub Psorotichia).
– New to Korea! – Note: In contrast to Pyrenopsis haematina, colour of thallus
of the Korean specimen is brown or brown-black when wet (vs. red or reddish
when wet), apothecia smaller, ascospores larger, in having larger algal cells.
Pyrenopsis triptococca Nyl. – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Jeju-si, Hangyeong-myeon, Sinchang-ri, seashore road, on rock, growing together with Caloplaca aff. diffluens, and Buellia sp. Lat.: 33° 20’ 31.6” N;
Long.: 126° 10’ 12.08” E; Alt.: ca 82 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. (140277),
18.06.2014 (KoLRI 022638 sub Protoparmeliopsis chejuensis); the same locality,
growing together with Buellia sp. (140278) (KoLRI 022639 sub Protoparmeliopsis chejuensis). – Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Seogwipo-si, Namwon-eup, Wimiri, on rock. Lat.: 33° 16’ 13.3” N; Long.: 126° 39’ 30.0” E; Alt.: ca 10 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Hur, J.-S., Wang, X. Y. and Joshi. Y. (091419), 29.05.2009 (KoLRI 011062); the
same locality, (091421) (KoLRI 011064). – Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Seogwiposi, Seongsan-eup, Goseong-ri, Seopjicoji, on rock, growing together with Squamulea squamosa, and Agonimia cavernicola. Lat.: 33° 19’ 21.0” N; Long.: 126° 50’
49.03” E; Alt.: ca 69 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. (140298), 19.06.2014 (KoLRI 022658 sub Protoparmeliopsis chejuensis); the same locality, growing together
with Rusavskia mandschurica, Squamulea squamosa, Dermatocarpon and Phaeophyscia spp. (140340) (KoLRI 022706 sub Squamulea squamosa). – Jeollanam-do,
Sinan-gun, Bigeum-myeon, Imja-do, nearby wharf Jinri, on rock. Lat.: 35° 05’
21.1” N; Long.: 126° 07’ 17.06” E; Alt.: ca 11 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O., Park, J. S.
and Woo, J.-J. (130219), 06.06.2013 (KoLRI 018564). – It was reported at first
from South Korea by Schultz and Moon (2011).
*Ramboldia haematites (Fée) Kalb, Lumbsch et Elix – Republic of Korea.
Jeollanam-do: Suncheon-si, Songgwang-myeon, Jogyesan Mts, Sinpyeong-ri,
near Songgwangsa Temple, along stream valley, on bark (Prunus cerasus). Lat.:
35° 00’ 27.40” N; Long.: 127° 15’ 43.50” E; Alt.: ca 155 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk,
S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (163275), 24.09.2016 (KoLRI 041520, BP). – Jeollanam-do:
Suncheon-si, Seungju-eup, Jogyesan Mts, Seonamsa Temple, in stream valley,
on bark of deciduous tree. Lat.: 34° 59’ 33.1” N; Long.: 127° 20’ 30.3” E; Alt.:
161 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J., 09.02.2017 (KoLRI). – Jeollanam-do: Suncheon-si,
Seungju-eup, Jogyesan Mts, Seonamsa Temple, in stream valley, on bark of
roadside deciduous tree (Prunus). Lat.: 34° 59’ 38.7” N; Long.: 127° 20’ 07.4” E;
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Alt.: 190 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J., 09.02.2017 (KoLRI). – It was reported recently
from bark (Camellia, Castanea, Prunus) at several localitites in Honshu and Kyushu, Japan (Yamamoto et al. 2013). New to Korea!
*Rhizoplaca subdiscrepans (Nyl.) R. Sant. – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Inje-gun, Buk-myeon, Baekdam Temple, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 38°
10’ 25.8” N; Long.: 128° 22’ 21.6” E; Alt.: 465 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur, J.-S. (041557),
11.10.2004 (KoLRI 002352); the same locality, (041558) (KoLRI 002353). –
Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Jeongseon-eup, Mt Gariwang, on siliceous
rock. Lat.: 37° 24’ 05.0” N; Long.: 128° 32’ 39.5” E; Alt.: 937 m a.s.l. Coll.: Hur,
J.-S. (080055), 10.05.2008 (KoLRI 008298). – New to Korea!
Rimularia geumodoensis (S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur) S. Y. Kondr.,
L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea. Chungcheongbuk-do: Yeongdonggun, Sangchon-myeon, Mt Samdobong, Mulhan-ri, on rock, growing together
with Trapeliopsis sp. Lat.: 36° 01’ 22.0” N; Long.: 127° 52’ 37.5” E; Alt.: ca 1,179
m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J., Park, G. S. and Oh, S.-O. (150501), 01.07.2015 (KoLRI
035820 sub Rimularia) – Additional South Korean record for the recently described species (Kondratyuk et al. 2016b as Aspicilia geumodoensis, Kondratyuk
et al. 2016c).
*Rimularia gibbosa (Ach.) Coppins, Hertel et Rambold – Republic of
Korea. Chungcheongbuk-do: Yeongdong-gun, Sangchon-myeon, Mulhan-ri,
Mt Samdobony, on siliceous rock, growing together with Fuscidea coreana,
Lecanora lojkahugoi, Parmelia shinanoana. Lat.: 36° 01’ 22.0” N; Long.: 127° 52’
37.5” E; Alt.: ca 1,179 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J., Park, G. S. and Oh, S.-O. (150500),
01.07.2015 (KoLRI 035819). – New to Korea!
Rinodina fimbriata Körb. – Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si,
Nam-myeon, Geumo-do Island, Simjang-ri, on rock, growing together with
Squamulea aff. squamosa and Buellia sp. Lat.: 34° 30’ 52.57” N; Long.: 127° 43’
36.19” E; Alt.: ca 51 m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. P. (160473), 10.06.2016 (KoLRI
038618 sub Squamulea aff. squamosa). – It was reported from South Korea from
Cheju-do Island (Kondratyuk et al. 2013a).
Rinodina aff. occulta (Körb.) Sheard – Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangnam-do: Geoje-si, Geoje-do Island, seaside, or rock. Lat.: 34° 51’ 04.22” N;
Long.: 128° 44’ 0.41” E; Alt.: ca 1 m a.s.l. Coll.: Wang, X. Y. and Ryu, J. A.
(110103), 21.04.2011 (KoLRI 013320 sub Aspicilia). – It was recently reported
from South Korea from Bogil-do Island (Kondratyuk et al. 2016b).
*Rinodina oxydata (A. Massal.) A. Massal. – Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si,
Nam-myeon, Geumo-do, Simjang-ri, on rock, growing together with Orientophila leucerythrella, Rinodina oxydata. Lat.: 34° 30’ 52.5” N; Long.: 127° 43’
36.6” E; Alt.: ca 71 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J. (163680), 10.06.2016 (KoLRI 41925
sub Caloplaca micromera) (see also Kondratyuk et al. 2017). – New to Korea!
Rinodina polyspora Th. Fr. – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do: Cheju-do Island, Seogwipo-si, Jungmun-dong, Cheonjeyeon falls, on bark. Lat.: 33° 14’
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48.8” N; Long.: 126° 33’ 15.8” E; Alt.: 39 m a.s.l. Coll.: Park, J. S., Lee, B. G. and
Woo, J.-J. (152904), 18.08.2015 (KoLRI 037877 sub Biatora). – It was reported
from South Korea from Mt Hallasan (Kondratyuk et al. 2013a).
Ropalospora chlorantha (Tuck.) S. Ekman – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do:
Cheju-do Island, Jeju-si, Mt Hallasan, Hallasan National Park, Gwaneumsa
trail, on bark. Lat.: 33° 24’ 39.08” N; Long.: 126° 32’ 47.05” E; Alt.: 739 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Oh, S.-O., Jayalal, U., Park, J. S. and Hur, J.-S. (121001), 01.06.2012 (KoLRI 016031). – It was recently reported from South Korea from several localities
(Kondratyuk et al. 2016a).
Rusavskia coreana S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Jeongseon-eup, Aesan-ri, Jeongseon church, on rocks,
growing together with Caloplaca. Lat.: 37° 22’ 17.3” N; Long.: 128° 40’ 25.2”
E; Alt.: 319 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J. (152810), 06.09.2015 (KoLRI 037119 sub
Rusavskia); the same locality, growing together with Collema, Psorotichia spp.,
(152811), (KoLRI 037120 sub Collema); the same locality, growing together with
Dermatocarpon, Phylliscum japonicum, Collema and Endocarpon, (152812), (KoLRI
037121). – Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Ulleung-eup,
Dodong-ri, Dodong port, on rock, growing together with Rusavskia mandschurica, Flavoplaca laszloana and Lecanora sp. Lat.: 37° 28’ 59.9” N; Long.: 130° 54’
40.7” E; Alt.: ca 20 m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. (162848), 11.07.2016 (KoLRI 041086
sub Rusavskia coreana). – It was recently described and reported from Korea
only from Cheju-do Island (Kondratyuk et al. 2015a).
*Staurothele frustulenta Vain. – Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Jeongseon-gun, Jeongseon-eup, Aesan-ri, limestone rocky wall along river, on calcareous rocks. Lat.: 37° 22’ 18.66” N; Long.: 128° 40’ 27.76” E; Alt.: 325 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (163007), 16.09.2016 (KoLRI 041245).
– New to Korea!
Staurothele oxneri S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea. Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do Island, Simjang-ri, along
seashore, on siliceous rock, growing together with Acarospora ulleungdoensis,
Xanthoparmelia saxetii. Lat.: 34° 28’ 55.67” N; Long.: 127° 48’ 12.89” E; Alt.: ca 10
m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. P., Kondratyuk, S. Y., Woo, J.-J. and Lee, B. G. (160453),
10.06.2016 (KoLRI 038598 sub Endocarpon nigromarginatum); the same locality, growing together with Acarospora ulleungdoensis, (160454) (KoLRI 038599
sub Endocarpon nigromarginatum); the same locality, growing together with
Acarospora ulleungdoensis, (160455) (KoLRI 038600 sub Endocarpon nigromarginatum). – Additional records from Geumo-do Island (South Korea) for the
recently described species (Kondratyuk et al. 2016b).
*! Stigmidium cf. clauzadei Cl. Roux et Nav.-Ros. – Republic of Korea.
Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do, Simjang-ri, on rock, growing on thalli of Endocarpon. Lat.: 34° 30’ 52.5” N; Long.: 127° 43’ 36.6” E; Alt.:
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KONDRATYUK, S. Y., LŐKÖS, L., HALDA, J. P., ROUX, C., UPRETI, D. K. et al.
ca 71 m a.s.l. Coll.: Woo, J.-J. (163681), 10.06.2016 (KoLRI 41926 sub Caloplaca).
– New to Korea!
! Stigmidium coarctatae S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur – Republic of
Korea. Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do Island, on siliceous
rock, growing on Trapelia coarctata, together with Catillaria ulleungdoensis, Scoliciosporum umbrinum. Lat.: 34° 30’ 27.14” N; Long.: 127° 46’ 12.94” E; Alt.: ca 33
m a.s.l. Coll.: Halda, J. P. (160432), 10.06.2016 (KoLRI 038577 sub Trapelia coarctata); the same locality, (160433) (KoLRI 38578 sub Trapelia coarctata). – It was
described recently from South Korea from Ulleung-do Island (Kondratyuk et
al. 2016b).
*Strigula australiensis P. M. McCarthy – Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Dodong-ri, Bongne waterfall,
on rock. Lat.: 37° 29’ 53.0” N; Long.: 130° 53’ 12.6” E; Alt.: ca 314 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Lee, B. G. (162808), 09.07.2016 (KoLRI 041046). – New to Korea, new to Asia!
Strigula stigmatella (Ach.) R. C. Harris – Republic of Korea. Gangwondo: Jeongseon-gun, Gangneung-si, tourist pass toward peak Seokbeongsan,
on bark of Quercus mongolica, growing together with Rinodina sp. Lat.: 37° 34’
36.55” N; Long.: 128° 51’ 47.16” E; Alt.: ca 840 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y.
and Lőkös, L. (151093), 10.07.2015 (KoLRI 034326 sub Phaeophyscia). – It was
recently reported from the Odae-san Mts (Gangwon-do, South Korea) (Aptroot and Moon 2015).
*Thelenella luridella (Nyl.) H. Mayrhofer – Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Buk-myeon, Cheonbu-ri, coastal road cliff, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 37° 32’ 29.6” N; Long.: 130° 54’ 47.2” E; Alt.:
ca 8 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (161216), 07.07.2016 (KoLRI
039411); the same locality, (161236) (KoLRI 039431); the same locality, (161272)
(KoLRI 039470). – Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seomyeon, Namyang-ri, Turtle Rock, seashore rocks, on basalt, growing together
with Candelariella hakulinenii, Flavoplaca laszloana, Pyrenopsis chejudoensis. Lat.:
37° 27’ 36.62” N; Long.: 130° 51’ 27.69” E; Alt.: 5 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S.
Y. and Lőkös, L. (161915), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 040152 sub Phaeophyscia/Physciella). – Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon,
Taeha-ri, nr. 41. Lat.: 37° 30’ 14.0” N; Long.: 130° 49’ 48.9” E; Alt.: 241 m a.s.l.
Coll.: Lee, B. G. (162842), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 041080). – New to Korea!
Thelopsis loekoesii S. Y. Kondr., J. Halda et J.-S. Hur – Republic of Korea.
Jeollanam-do, Suncheon-si, Songgwang-myeon, Jogyesan Mts, Sinpyeong-ri,
near Songgwangsa Temple, along stream valley, on bark of Prunus cerasus, together with Rimelia and Dirinaria applanata. Lat.: 35° 00’ 27.40” N; Long.: 127°
15’ 43.50” E; Alt.: 155 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y. and Lőkös, L. (163251),
24.09.2016 (KoLRI 041496). – Jeollanam-do, Suncheon-si, Songgwang-myeon,
Jogyesan Mts, Hugok-ri, along lake bank and Hugok-gil road. Lat.: 35° 00’
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43.46” N; Long.: 127° 13’ 42.9” E; Alt.: ca 122 m a.s.l. Coll.: Kondratyuk, S. Y.
(163508),15.10.2016 (KoLRI 041753). – It was recently described from South
Korea from the Jiri Mts and from Mt Seokbyeongsan (Gangwon-do) (Kondratyuk et al. 2016b). It was known from Pinus densiflora and P. thunbergii bark
only, now it is reported from deciduous tree.
Toninia aromatica (Turner) A. Massl. – Republic of Korea. Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleung-do Island, Ulleung-gun, Seo-myeon, Namyang-ri, in front of
Tonggumi mongdol Beach, on siliceous rock, growing together with Candelariella hakulinenii, Flavoplaca laszloana, Orientophila leucerythrella, Phaeophyscia,
Pyrenopsis chejudoensis. Lat.: 37° 27’ 33.1” N; Long.: 130° 52’ 05.5” E; Alt.: ca 4
m a.s.l. Coll.: Lee, B. G. (162829), 10.07.2016 (KoLRI 041067 sub Placopyrenium
fuscellum). – It was reported from South Korea at first from Cheju-do Island
(Kondratyuk et al. 2013a).
Trapelia placodioides Coppins et P. James – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do:
Cheju-do Island, Jeju-si, Hangyeong-myeon, Sinchang-ri, seashore road, on
siliceous rock, growing together with Acarospora sp. and Agonimia cf. coreana.
Lat.: 33° 20’ 31.6” N; Long.: 126° 10’ 12.08” E; Alt.: 82 m a.s.l. Coll.: Oh, S.-O.,
Park, J. S. and Hur, J.-S. (140232), 18.06.2014 (KoLRI 022594 sub Acarospora).
– Jeollanam-do: Yeosu-si, Nam-myeon, Geumo-do Island, Dumo-ri, Jickpo
coast, on siliceous rock. Lat.: 34° 30’ 46.08” N; Long.: 127° 44’ 16.04” E; Alt.: 30
m a.s.l. Coll.: Jayalal, U., Park, J. S. and Ryu, J. A. (120438), 26.04.2012 (KoLRI
015428). – It was recently reported from South Korea by Aptroot and Moon
(2014) and Kondratyuk et al. (2015a, 2016b).
Verrucaria internigrescens (Nyl.) Erichsen – Republic of Korea. Jeju-do:
Cheju-do Island, Jeju-si, Hangyeong-myeon, Sinchang-ri, around Singaemul
Park nearby coast, on siliceous rock, growing together with Squamulea squamosa. Lat.: 33° 20’ 31.91” N; Long.: 126° 10’ 13.00” E; Alt.: ca 2 m a.s.l. Coll.:
Kondratyuk, S. Y., Lőkös, L., Oh, S.-O., Jayalal, U., Joshi, S., Park, J. S. and Hur,
J.-S. (121552), 05.07.2012 (KoLRI 016598 sub Squamulea squamosa). – It was reported from South Korea at first by Moon and Aptroot (2009).
*
Acknowledgements – KS and LL are grateful to Mr Gi-Hyun Woo (Suwon, South Korea) for
his kind help with field trip to Gangwon-do Province in 2016, and to Konstanze Bensch (MycoBank, UK) for valuable comments on Latin names. This work was supported by the Korea National Research Resource Centre Program, the Korean Forest Service Program (KNA
2012) through the Korea National Arboretum (for LL), partly by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA K81232), and (for SK) in part by the Ministry of Education and Science of
Ukraine (M/90-2015 and M/34-2016) and by the Korean Brain Pool Program (161S-4-3-1659).
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