Acta Botanica Brasilica 32(4): 540-545. Oct-Dec 2018.
doi: 10.1590/0102-33062017abb0417
New combinations and taxonomic notes for Tarenaya (Cleomaceae)
Raimundo Luciano Soares Neto1* , William Wayt Thomas2 , Maria Regina de Vasconcellos Barbosa3
and Eric H. Roalson4
Received: December 12, 2017
Accepted: February 19, 2018
.
ABSTRACT
Tarenaya clade includes 37 species based on phylogenetic relationships and on the stipular spine synapomorphy,
however only 10 species thought to belong to the genus have had names established in Tarenaya. Besides the two
new species are being described, we present 25 new combinations for the species and refine the typification of 13
species. Ten lectotypes and three neotypes are designated here. One generic synonym is also typified.
Keywords: Cleome, Hemiscola, nomenclature, Tarenaya, type
Introduction
Tarenaya was segregated from Cleome by Rafinesque
(1838) with one species, T. spinosa (based on Cleome spinosa),
because he did not agree with the broad concept of Cleome.
He based his proposal on the habit, type of leaf, number of
leaflets, number of stamens, presence and morphology of
nectaries, length of gynophore, and geographic distribution.
Tarenaya was generally not adopted in taxonomic treatments
and was instead considered to be a synonym of Cleome for
the next ~170 years. In 1952, when Iltis [unpublished]
revised the New World Cleome species, the genus was treated
as a section, Cleome sect. Tarenaya, comprising 24 species
and characterized by spines and prickles of epidermal origin
(characters not shared by three species and one subspecies,
currently recognized under Cleoserrata Iltis and unarmed
forms in various species), seeds with an aril and a large
cleft. Later, Jacobs (1960), Iltis (1967), Iltis & Zapata
(1997), and Costa-e-Silva (2000) used Tarenaya informally
in their classifications, and the name was finally formally
established as a section by Iltis (2005) when he described
a new species of Cleome from the Andes. By that time Iltis
(2005) considered section Tarenaya to comprise a group of
40 species from the New World and one from East Africa.
The recognition of Cleome as a paraphyletic genus (Hall
et al. 2002; Sanchez-Acebo 2005; Hall 2008; Inda et al.
2008; Feodorova et al. 2010, Patchell et al. 2014) has led
to the deconstruction of Cleome s.l., and consequently
multiple genera have been segregated and reorganized
(Iltis & Cochrane 2007; 2014; 2015; Cochrane & Iltis 2014;
Roalson et al. 2015; Thulin & Roalson 2017; Barrett et
al. 2017; Roalson & Hall 2017; Soares Neto et al. 2017),
including Tarenaya (Iltis & Cochrane 2007). This taxonomic
reorganization was based on morphology, chromosome
number, and phylogenetic relationships, and specific
nomenclatural recombinations were made for Flora of North
America (Iltis & Cochrane 2007) and Flora Mesoamericana
(Iltis & Cochrane 2014; 2015).
The Tarenaya clade is defined by an easily recognized
synapomorphy: a pair of spines at the base of the petioles
(stipular spines) and is well supported in all phylogenetic
studies of the family (Hall et al. 2002; Sanchez-Acebo 2005;
Hall 2008; Inda et al. 2008; Feodorova et al. 2010, Patchell et
al. 2014; Barrett et al. 2017). Not all of the presumed species
of Tarenaya have been sampled for molecular phylogenetic
1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
2 Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, 10458-5126, Bronx, New York, USA
3 Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 58051-970, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
4 School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, 99164-4236, Pullman, Washington, USA
* Corresponding author: lucianosoares.rdon@gmail.com
New combinations and taxonomic notes for Tarenaya (Cleomaceae)
studies, but based on those sampled to date, and on the
stipular spine synapomorphy, Tarenaya comprises 37
species. Hemiscola, another segregate genus recognized
by Iltis & Cochrane (2007), shares the stipular spines
and is embedded within Tarenaya. For these reasons, the
unification of these genera in a broader concept of Tarenaya
has been proposed (Feodorova et al. 2010, Patchell et al.
2014). Its species range from Mexico to Argentina, except
for one species found exclusively in East Africa (Iltis 2005;
Iltis & Cochrane 2015).
Despite broad agreement that Tarenaya should be
recognized at the generic level, only 10 of the 37 species
thought to belong to the genus have had names established
in Tarenaya (Iltis & Cochrane 2007; 2014; Arana & Oggero
2016; Soares Neto et al. 2018). In addition to these species,
two new species are being described (RL Soares Neto et al.
unpubl. res.). In this study, we present 25 new combinations
for those species hypothesized to be part of the Tarenaya
lineage, but that do not have nomenclatural combinations
within Tarenaya. We also include combinations necessary
to include Hemiscola with Tarenaya. Ten lectotypes, three
neotypes, and one typification of a generic name are
provided to stabilize the nomenclature discussed here.
Materials and methods
Type specimens that have been examined in person
by the authors are annotated with exclamation marks.
Images of type specimens examined online are annotated
as “[image!]”, and a barcode number, if available, is given.
Original protologues were studied for all names treated here.
Results and discussion
Tarenaya Raf., Sylva Tellur. 111. 1838. Type: Tarenaya
spinosa (Jacq.) Raf., Sylva Tellur. 111. 1838. Cleome spinosa
Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl. 26. 1760. Cleome sect. Tarenaya (Raf.)
Iltis, Novon 15(1): 146. 2005.
=Hemiscola Raf., Sylva Tellur. 111. 1838. Type: Hemiscola
aculeata (L.) Raf., Sylva Tellur. 111. 1838. Cleome aculeata
L., Syst. Nat., ed. 12. 3: 232. 1768.
=Scolosperma Raf., Sylva Tellur. 111. 1838. Type:
Scolosperma dendroides (Schult.f.) Raf., Sylva Tellur. 111.
1838. Cleome dendroides Schult.f., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis
[Roemer & Schultes] 7(1): 28. 1829.
=Lianodes Kuntze, Lex. Gener. Phaner. 129. 1903. nom.
nud., nom. inval.
=Neocleome Small, p.p., Man. S.E. Fl. 577. 1933. Type,
designated here: Neocleome spinosa (Jacq.) Small, Man. S.E.
Fl. 577. 1933. Cleome spinosa Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl. 26. 1760.
Notes—Small (1933), when delimiting the genus
Neocleome, made two new combinations, N. spinosa and
N. serrata, but did not designate a type species for the
new genus. One of these species is now placed in Tarenaya
(N. spinosa), but the other (N. serrata) is assigned to the
genus Cleoserrata. We believe Small intended to include in
Neocleome a broader diversity of Tarenaya (he states: “…
about 70 species, natives, mainly, of tropical regions.”) and
we therefore typify Neocleome based on Tarenaya spinosa.
Herbs to subshrubs or shrubs, annual or perennial,
branched from the base; pubescent to puberulent-glandular
indument at branches or totally glabrous; stipular spines
at the base of petioles; leaves palmately-compound with
3‒7(‒12) leaflets; racemes corymbiform, flowers bracteate,
the lower with leaf-like bracts with 3‒5 leaflets, becoming
1-foliolate in the inflorescence axis; flowers tetramerous,
zygomorphic petals unguiculate, white or white becoming
pink or purplish at apex, pink to purplish, or a pair of
each color; nectary annular; stamens 6, elongated by a
short androgynophore enrolled by the nectary; mature
capsules cylindrical, ellipsoid, fusiform, oblanceoloid,
sessile or short to long elongated stalks; seeds horseshoeshaped, longitudinally striate and transversely ridged, cleft
covered by a membrane attaching both tips (cotyledonar
and radicular “claws”).
1. Tarenaya aculeata (L.) Soares Neto & Roalson, comb.
nov. Cleome aculeata L., Syst. Nat., ed. 12. 3: 232. 1768. Type:
Habitat in America, D. Zoega s.n. (lectotype, designated by
Al-Shehbaz (1988): BM-LINN 850.17 [image!]). ≡ Hemiscola
aculeata (L.) Raf., Sylva Tellur. 111. 1838.
2. Tarenaya afrospina (Iltis) Soares Neto & Roalson,
comb. nov. Cleome afrospina Iltis, Amer. J. Bot. 54(8): 955.
1967. Type: REPUBLIC CONGO. Environs Coquilhatville,
Ile du Fleuve [du R. Congo], 28 September 1928 [1925],
W. Robyns 767 (holotype: BR 88677575 [image!]; isotypes:
BR 8867063, [image!], BR 88677070 [image!], BR 8867520
[image!], GH GH00042345 [image!], K K000230602
[image!], US US00100469 [image!]).
3. Tarenaya atropurpurea (Schott) Soares Neto &
Roalson, comb. nov. Cleome atropurpurea Schott, in Schreib.
Nachr. Oestr. Naturf. 1: 129. 1820. Type: BRAZIL. Sine loco,
H.W. Schott s.n. (lectotype, designated here: W 0060314
[image!]). Additional syntype: BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro,
H.W. Schott 4442 (W 0060315 [image!]).
= Cleome dendroides Schult.f., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 7(1):
28. 1829. Cleome arborea Weinm., Syll. Pl. Nov. 1: 227.
1824, nom. illeg., non C. arborea Schrad. 1821. Neotype,
designated here: t. 3296 in Curtis’s Botanical Magazine, v.
61, ser. 2: v. 8. 1834. ≡ Scolosperma dendroides (Schult.f.)
Raf., Sylva Tellur. 111. 1838.
Notes—The species commonly known as Cleome
dendroides requires the application of an older name.
Here we make the combination Tarenaya atropurpurea, as
Cleome atropurpurea is the oldest name for this taxon. Iltis
considered this name “nom. subnud.” as annotated on the
syntype Schott 4442; however, Schott clearly presents a
Acta Botanica Brasilica - 32(4): 540-545. October-December 2018
541
Raimundo Luciano Soares Neto, William Wayt Thomas, Maria Regina de Vasconcellos Barbosa and Eric H. Roalson
diagnosis of this species with his publication of Cleome
atropurpurea. For this reason, we apply that name here.
There are two original collections of Schott at W, and we
designate W 0060314 as the lectotype as it is the more
complete specimen with leaves and flower buds. The other
syntype material is of significant importance, though, as it
includes mature fruits, which are lacking from the lectotype.
Cleome arborea Weinm. was described based in an
individual cultivated in the Horto Imperiali Paulowskiensi,
near St. Petersburg, from seeds from Brazil. Schultes filius
(1829) renamed Cleome arborea as C. dendroides, taking into
account the earlier homonym, C. arborea Kunth. Schultes
filius cited one collection of Weinmann’s, probably the type,
which was not found in LE nor in any other herbarium.
Hooker (1834) in Curtis’s Botanical Magazine presented
notes about this Cleome, improving its description and also
presenting a beautiful illustration highlighting the stipular
spines, purple flowers, fruits, and seeds. This illustration
is here chosen as the neotype for this name.
4. Tarenaya bicolor (Gardner) Soares Neto & Roalson,
comb. nov. Cleome bicolor Gardner, London J. Bot. 2: 330.
1843. Type: BRAZIL. [Rio de Janeiro] Organ Mountains,
hab. in open rocky and cultivated places, April 1837, G.
Gardner 309 (lectotype, designated here: BM BM000573983
[image!]; isolectotypes: E E00326206 [image!], E E00326207
[image!], F, G G00226190 [image!], G G00226191 [image!],
GH 00042326 [image!], K K000220447 [image!], K
K000220448 [image!], P P00076106 [image!], NY
00215151!, US 00100471 [image!], WIS 0258903!).
Notes—Gardner 309 has a large number of known
duplicates designated only as “typus” without any herbarium
holding a clear holotype. Many of these specimens are good
representatives of the species, bearing flowers and mature
fruits, characters useful in recognizing this species. The
specimen BM000573983, however, is from the Gardner
herbarium and is labeled with Gardner’s handwriting and,
therefore, is being designated as the lectotype.
5. Tarenaya boliviensis (Iltis) Soares Neto & Roalson,
comb. nov. Cleome boliviensis Iltis, Novon 15(1): 147. 2005.
Type: BOLIVIA. La Paz: “Plantae Andium Boliviensium,
Prov. Larecaja, vicinus Sorata, Challapampa, ad rivum, in
schistosis, Reg.[ion] temp[lada], 2600 m, September 1857‒
January 1958”, G. Mandon 938 (holotype: WIS 0258904!,
isotypes: BM, F, G G00226276 [image!], G G00226277
[image!], GH 00042328 [image!], K K000220474 [image!];
LE 00001884 [image!], LE 00001885 [image!], LPB, MPU
013699 [image!], MPU 013700 [image!], NY!, P P00076103
[image!], P P00741914 [image!], P P00741915 [image!],
PR, S S-R-7312[image!], W, WIS 0258905!).
6. Tarenaya chapalensis (Iltis) Soares Neto & Roalson,
comb. nov. Cleome chapalensis Iltis, Bol. Inst. Bot. Univ.
Guadalajara 5: 428. 1998. Type: [MEXICO. Michoacán] Wet
542
roadsides and shallow water courses, on road to La Barca,
1/3 km N of the R.R., station at Zamora, 19°58’N, 102°16’W,
1520 m, 29 July 1960, H.H. Iltis et al. 490 (holotype: WIS
WIS0258906!, isotypes: BM BM000629040 [image!],
ENCB, F [image!], G, GH 00042307 [image!], GUADA,
IBUG IBUG0001788 [image!], IEB 000157790 [image!], K
K000220427 [image!], LE, LIL, MEXU 00140923 [image!],
MICH 112011 [image!], MO 107291!, MSC, NY 00387673!,
SMU, TEX, UC 1332256 [image!], US, WIS WIS0258910!,
WIS0258907!, WIS0259808!, WIS0258909!, WIS0258912!,
WIS 0258911!, WIS0258913!, XAL XAL0106658 [image!],
ZEA).
7. Tarenaya crenopetala (A.DC.) Soares Neto &
Roalson, comb. nov. Cleome crenopetala A.DC., Mém. Soc.
Phys. Genève 6(1): 220. t. 2. 1833. Lectotype, designated
here: t. 2. in DC. & A.DC., Cinq. notice sur. les pl. rares du
Jardin de Genève, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 6 (1). 1833).
Notes—According to the protologue, the description
of this species was based on an individual growing in the
gardens of Geneva from seeds from Uruguay. No specimen
was found in any herbaria matching the type, and, therefore,
the illustration presented together with the original
description is being here designated as the lectotype.
We are also correcting here the authorship of Cleome
crenopetala that has been erroneously attributed to Augustin
de Candolle, but was in fact described by Alphonse de
Candolle, as can be seen at the end of the original description.
8. Tarenaya diffusa (Banks ex DC.) Soares Neto &
Roalson, comb. nov. Cleome diffusa Banks ex DC., Prodr. 1:
241. 1824. Type: BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: v. s. in h. Banks
(holotype: BM BM000573979 [image!]). ≡ Cleome aculeata
var. diffusa (Banks ex DC.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3):
7. 1898. ≡ Hemiscola diffusa (Banks ex DC.) Iltis, Novon
17(4): 448. 2007.
9. Tarenaya domingensis (Iltis) Soares Neto & Roalson,
comb. nov. Cleome domingensis Iltis, Brittonia 10: 56. 1958.
Replaced name: Cleome erosa Urb., Symb. Antill. (Urban)
7(2): 224. 1912, nom. illeg., non Cleome erosa (Nutt.) Eaton,
1836. Type: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. [Santo Domingo] Hab.
in Sto. Domingo ad Rio Jimenoa, 1190 m alt., in margine
sylvarum, May 1910, H. von Türckheim 3303 (holotype: B
B100242710 [image!]; isotype: NY 00074435!).
10. Tarenaya eosina (J.F.Macbr.) Soares Neto & Roalson,
comb. nov. Cleome eosina J.F.Macbr., Publ. Field Mus.
Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 4: 170. 1929. Replaced name: Cleome
microcarpa Hassl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 254.
1913, nom. illeg., non Cleome microcarpa Ule 1908. Type:
PARAGUAY. Bella Vista, E. Hassler 11013 (holotype: G;
isotype: MPU MPU013707 [image!]).
11. Tarenaya guaranitica (Chodat & Hassl.) Soares
Neto & Roalson, stat. & comb. nov. Cleome rosea Vahl
Acta Botanica Brasilica - 32(4): 540-545. October-December 2018
New combinations and taxonomic notes for Tarenaya (Cleomaceae)
ex DC. var. guaranitica Chodat & Hassl., Bull. Herb.
Boissier, sér. 2, 3: 797. 1903. Type: PARAGUAY. Chololo:
ad marginem silvae, in valle fluminis Y-aca, December
1900, E. Hassler 6707 (holotype: G G001064449 [image!];
isotypes: B B100242716 [image!], BM BM000537896
[image!], G G00106446 [image!], G G00106447 [image!],
G G00106448 [image!], K K000220457 [image!], NY
00215161!, P P00076111 [image!], S S-R-7343 [image!], WIS
WIS0259073!; WIS0259074 [frag!]). Cleome guaranitica
Briq., Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 17: 371. 1914.
12. Tarenaya horrida (Mart. ex Schult.f.) Roalson &
Soares Neto, comb. nov. Cleome horrida Mart. ex Schult.
& Schult.f., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 7(1): 32. 1829. Type:
BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Itapemirim, Prinz Max. von Neuwied
s.n. (lectotype, designated here: BR 698551 [image!],
isolectotypes: BR 698580 [image!]; WIS 0258937!). ≡ Cleome
spinosa L. f. horrida (Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. f.) Eichler, Fl.
Bras. 13(1): 253. 1865. ≡ Cleome spinosa Jacq. var. horrida
(Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. f.) Fawc. & Rendle, Fl. Jamaica
3: 226. 1914.
Notes—Two specimens at BR are annotated as the
holotype. Both are from the same collection by Prinz Max.
von Neuwied and so are presumed syntypes. We here
designate BR 698551 as the lectotype because it has both
flowers and fruits on it, both of which are necessary for
distinguishing T. horrida from closely related species.
13. Tarenaya houstonii (R.Br.) Soares Neto & Roalson,
comb. nov. Cleome houstonii R.Br. Hort. Kew., ed. 2 [W.T.
Aiton] 4: 131. 1812. Lectotype, designated here: t. 45. in
Martyn, Hist. Plant. Rar. v. 5, 1736.
Notes—Cleome houstonii was described based on
Sinapistrum indicum, which was described based on plants
grown from seeds from Cuba and cultivated in England by
Houston in the year 1730. Although Candolle (1824) cited
dried material from Jamaica, and Grisebach (1864) also
cited a material collected by Houston from Jamaica, no
specimen has been found for this collection. The illustration
presented with the description of Sinapistrum indicum is a
good plate highlighting a branch with bud, flowers, and fruits
and provides details of the petals, stamens, and ovary. This
plate provides all of the characters necessary to recognize
the species and is therefore here designated as the lectotype.
14. Tarenaya inermis (Malme) Soares Neto & Roalson,
comb. nov. Cleome inermis Malme, Ark. Bot. 22A, no. 7:
5. 1928. Type: BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: Cachoeira, in
silvula clara, 10 January 1902, G. Malme II 1041 (lectotype,
designated here: S S-R-7321 [image!]; isolectotypes: B B 10
0242693 [image!], S S10-16936 [image!], WIS 0258939!,
WIS 0258940!).
Notes—There are two type collections of Malme 1041 in
S, and therefore one needs to be designated the lectotype.
We designate S-R-7321 as the lectotype as it is more mature,
having expanded inflorescences and mature fruits.
15. Tarenaya latifolia (Vahl ex DC.) Soares Neto &
Roalson, comb. nov. Cleome latifolia Vahl ex DC., Prodr.
1: 239. 1824. Type: [GUIANA] In Guiana, v. s. in h. Vahl.
(neotype, designated here: French Guiana, 1858, P.A. Sagot
1170, P P00076114 [image!]; isoneotypes: GOET [photo
at WIS], P P00745091 [image!], P P00076129 [image!]).
Notes—De Candolle described Cleome latifolia based
on a specimen seen in the Vahl herbarium; however, we
have found no records of such specimen in C (Olof Ryding,
pers. comm.), nor in G-DC. Given such, we are designating
as the neotype Sagot 1170, one of the specimens studied
by Eichler (1865) for Flora Brasiliensis and Iltis (1952) in
his revision of New World Cleome.
16. Tarenaya microcarpa (Ule) Soares Neto & Roalson,
comb. nov. Cleome microcarpa Ule, Engl., Bot. Jarhb. Syst. 42:
201. 1908. Type: BRAZIL. Piauhy [Piauí]: Catinga der Serra
Branca, January 1907, E. Ule 7428 (lectotype, designated
here: HBG HBG-522391 [image!]; isolectotypes: B B 10
0242701 [image!], K 000220462 [image!], F neg 5766
[image!]).
Notes—HBG-522391 is being designated as lectotype,
because of the two collections seen by Ule, the collection at
HBG is the one labeled as “Cleome microcarpa s. nv.”, while
the specimen at B was labeled first as “Cleome viridiflora s.
nv.” (crossed off) and later as C. chlorantha s. nv. (ined.).
17. Tarenaya psoraleifolia (DC.) Soares Neto &
Roalson, comb. nov. Cleome psoraleifolia DC., Prodr. 1: 239.
1824. Type: BRAZIL. v. s. in h. Mus. Par. [A. Ferreira s.n.]
(holotype: P P00141286 [image!]).
18. Tarenaya regnellii (Eichler) Soares Neto &
Roalson, comb. nov. Cleome regnellii Eichler, Vidensk.
Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 190: 1870. Type:
BRAZIL. Ad Caldas in prov. Minas Geraës [Minas Gerais],
A.F. Regnell coll. III n. 147 (lectotype, designated here: BR
698554 [image!]; isolectotypes: B B 10 0242684 [image!], BR
698555 [image!], F neg. [image!], K K000220449 [image!],
LD 1314574 [image!], LE 00001896 [image!], S (2 sheets)
[image!], WIS 0259069!, WIS 0259070!).
Notes— We here designate specimen BR 698554 as
the lectotype for several reasons. The B specimen label
bears three names, each in a different script, entered in
the sequence Cleome rosea, C. polygama (scratched), and
then C. regnellii, the latter in a fancy penmanship that
does not appear to be that of Eichler. On that label in this
same calligraphy also appears a full citation of the place
of publication of Eichler’s species, making it unlikely that
this annotation pre-dated the publication of his 1870
paper. These facts impede the selection of the B specimen
as lectoype. However, two sheets in BR, BR 698554 and BR
698555, are annotated as C. regnellii in Eichler’s handwriting.
Eichler, who with Urban completed the Flora Brasiliensis,
certainly saw Martius’s herbarium, which included
specimens collected by many others and which is now at BR.
Acta Botanica Brasilica - 32(4): 540-545. October-December 2018
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Raimundo Luciano Soares Neto, William Wayt Thomas, Maria Regina de Vasconcellos Barbosa and Eric H. Roalson
For these reasons, it seems plausible that the BR collections,
having been seen by Eichler, are the proper type material.
BR 698554 is a better, more complete specimen than BR
698555 and is therefore chosen as the lectotype.
19. Tarenaya rosea (Vahl ex DC.) Soares Neto & Roalson,
comb. nov. Cleome rosea Vahl ex DC., Prodr. 1: 239.1824.
Type: [BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro] Ad Rio-Janeiro Brasiliae. v.
s. in. h. Juss., P. Commerson 255 (holotype: P P00671649!).
20. Tarenaya siliculifera (Eichler) Soares Neto &
Roalson comb. nov. Cleome siliculifera Eichler, Fl. Bras. 13(1):
260. 1865. Type: [BRAZIL. Minas Gerais] Prov. Minarum:
Habitat prope Cocaes et in Serra dos Pinheiros, [1839], J.
Pohl s.n. (lectotype, designated here: BR 698586 [image!] ;
isotypes: F (frag. + neg.) [image!], G G00226314 [image!],
M M-0010385 [image!], LE, W [image!], WIS 0259077!).
Notes—As with the type of C. regnellii above, it is most
likely that the BR specimen represents material used by
Eichler, and we therefore lectotypify C. siliculifera with BR
698586.
21. Tarenaya titubans (Speg.) Soares Neto & Roalson,
comb. nov. Cleome titubans Speg., Anales Soc. Ci. Argent.
15: 97. 1883. Type: ARGENTINA. [Buenos Aires] Província
Bonaërensi: Inter dumeta in paludosis secus, “el Rio de la
Plata”, loco dicto “las Conchas”, May 1881, C.L. Spegazzini
s.n. (neotype, designated here: ARGENTINA. Buenos Aires,
Quilmes, loc. Bernal, March 1973, F.M. Rodríguez 191, SI
066837 [image!]; isoneotype: SI 066836 [image!]).
Notes—The Spegazzini type collection at LP does not
appear to include the type of Cleome titubans, as expected.
Costa-e-Silva (2000) also referenced her inability to find
the type of this species for her review of Brazilian Cleome.
Because no original material of C. titubans has been found
among Spegazzini’s collections, a neotype is designated here.
22. Tarenaya torticarpa (Iltis & T. Ruiz Zapata) Soares
Neto & Roalson, comb. nov. Cleome torticarpa Iltis & T. Ruiz
Zapata, Novon 7(4): 367. 1997. Type: VENEZUELA. Estado
Falcón: Distrito Federación, Parque Nacional Cueva de la
Quebrada el Toro, 10°50’N, 69°07’W, en selva de galería,
bajo sombra, 200 m abajo de la “toma de agua” en la estácion
del Parque, 600 m, 29 October 1983, Thirza Ruiz Zapata &
Teo Ruiz 4138 (holotype: MY; isotypes: COL, F, K, MER,
MO!, NY NY00387680!, NY NY00345549!, US, VEN, WIS
WIS0259083!, WIS0259084!, WIS0259085!).
23. Tarenaya trachycarpa (Klotzsch ex Eichler) Soares
Neto & Roalson, comb. nov. Cleome trachycarpa Klotzsch ex
Eichler, Fl. Bras. 13(1): 252. 1865. Type: [BRAZIL] Habitat
in Brasilia austro-orientali, Sello [F. Sellow] 2059 (holotype:
B 10 0242688 [image!]). ≡ Cleome psoraleifolia DC. var.
trachycarpa (Klotzsch ex Eichler) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl.
3(3): 7. 1898.
544
24. Tarenaya virens (J.F.Macbr.) Soares Neto & Roalson,
comb. nov. Cleome virens J.F.Macbr., Candollea 5: 360. 1934.
Type: PERU. Loreto: La Victoria on the Amazon River,
August-September 1929, L. Williams 2596 (holotype: F
[image!]; isotype: G G00226308 [image!]).
25. Tarenaya werdermannii (Alf.Ernst) Soares Neto
& Roalson, comb. nov. Cleome werdermannii Alf.Ernst.,
Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 13: 378. 1936. Type:
BOLIVIA. Depto. Sta. Cruz: Missiones Guarayos-Sta. Cruz de
la Sierra, ca. 250‒300 m ü. M., October 1926, E. Werdermann
2597 (lectotype, designated here: B B10 0242682 [image!];
isolectotypes: B B10 0242698 [image!], LPB [image!], MO
1000057!, S [image!], WIS WIS0259089 [frag.]!).
Notes—Both specimens of Werdermann 2597 at B are
good representatives for this species, but B 100242682
is chosen as the lectotype, because it is labeled “typus” in
Ernst’s hand.
Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento
de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES, for the grant
awarded for his doctoral scholarship, the Sandwich
Doctoral scholarship (Process 88881.132147/2016-01),
and the Missouri Botanical Garden for the Shirley Graham
Fellowship. We thank to Olof Ryding at C for helping us
with the Vahl collections and unpublished manuscripts, and
Laura Iharlegui at LP for searching for Spegazzini collections
for us. Many thanks to Theodore Cochrane at WIS for a
thorough critique of the manuscript.
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