Biodiversity of wood-decay fungi in Italy

ORIANA  MAGGI

Current knowledge about Italian wood-decay fungi (Basidiomycota and Ascomycota) is surveyed: 1582 taxa belonging to Ascomycota (341) and Basidiomycota (1241) have been reported, including 23 species new to science of Basidiomycota described from Italy within the last five years. Evaluating diversity of wood-decay fungi can provide a more accurate estimation of species richness for fungi which are an important functional component of ecosystems. Aphyllophoroid and Ascomycota species play an important role in habitat conservation and management. Sardinia, Sicily, the Alps and the Apennines are “hot spots” for wood-decay Basidiomycota in Italy.

This art icle was downloaded by: [ Universit a St udi la Sapienza] On: 20 Decem ber 2011, At : 05: 35 Publisher: Taylor & Francis I nform a Lt d Regist ered in England and Wales Regist ered Num ber: 1072954 Regist ered office: Mort im er House, 37- 41 Mort im er St reet , London W1T 3JH, UK Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology Publicat ion det ails, including inst ruct ions for aut hors and subscript ion informat ion: ht t p:/ / www.t andfonline.com/ loi/ t plb20 Biodiversity of wood-decay fungi in Italy a a a A. Sait t a , A. Bernicchia , S. P. Gorj ón , E. Alt obelli Lunghini Persiani a a , O. Maggi a , G. Medardi a a a a , V. M. Granit o , C. Losi a , F. Padovan , L. Pecoraro , A. Vizzini a a , D. & A. M. a Dipart iment o di Biologia Ambient ale e Biodiversit à, Universit à di Palermo, Palermo, It aly Available online: 20 Dec 2011 To cite this article: A. Sait t a, A. Bernicchia, S. P. Gorj ón, E. Alt obelli, V. M. Granit o, C. Losi, D. Lunghini, O. Maggi, G. Medardi, F. Padovan, L. Pecoraro, A. Vizzini & A. M. Persiani (2011): Biodiversit y of wood-decay fungi in It aly, Plant Biosyst ems - An Int ernat ional Journal Dealing wit h all Aspect s of Plant Biology, 145:4, 958-968 To link to this article: ht t p:/ / dx.doi.org/ 10.1080/ 11263504.2011.633114 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTI CLE Full t erm s and condit ions of use: ht t p: / / www.t andfonline.com / page/ t erm s- and- condit ions This art icle m ay be used for research, t eaching, and privat e st udy purposes. Any subst ant ial or syst em at ic reproduct ion, redist ribut ion, reselling, loan, sub- licensing, syst em at ic supply, or dist ribut ion in any form t o anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warrant y express or im plied or m ake any represent at ion t hat t he cont ent s will be com plet e or accurat e or up t o dat e. The accuracy of any inst ruct ions, form ulae, and drug doses should be independent ly verified wit h prim ary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, act ions, claim s, proceedings, dem and, or cost s or dam ages what soever or howsoever caused arising direct ly or indirect ly in connect ion wit h or arising out of t he use of t his m at erial. Plant Biosystems, Vol. 145, No. 4, December 2011, pp. 958–968 THE CURRENT STATUS OF FUNGAL BIODIVERSITY IN ITALY Biodiversity of wood-decay fungi in Italy A. SAITTA, A. BERNICCHIA, S. P. GORJÓN, E. ALTOBELLI, V. M. GRANITO, C. LOSI, D. LUNGHINI, O. MAGGI, G. MEDARDI, F. PADOVAN, L. PECORARO, A. VIZZINI, & A. M. PERSIANI Downloaded by [Universita Studi la Sapienza] at 05:35 20 December 2011 Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale e Biodiversità, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy Abstract Current knowledge about Italian wood-decay fungi (Basidiomycota and Ascomycota) is surveyed: 1582 taxa belonging to Ascomycota (341) and Basidiomycota (1241) have been reported, including 23 species new to science of Basidiomycota described from Italy within the last five years. Evaluating diversity of wood-decay fungi can provide a more accurate estimation of species richness for fungi which are an important functional component of ecosystems. Aphyllophoroid and Ascomycota species play an important role in habitat conservation and management. Sardinia, Sicily, the Alps and the Apennines are ‘‘hot spots’’ for wood-decay Basidiomycota in Italy. Keywords: Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, biodiversity, Italy, wood-decay fungi Introduction Dead wood constitutes a large part of total biomass of native forests, approximately 20–30% in mature forest ecosystems (Boddy & Watkinson 1995), containing large pools of carbon and nutrients (Allen et al. 1997). Studies carried out in the northern hemisphere have shown that logs host an extremely diverse range of fungi (e.g. Andersen & Ryvarden 2001; Boddy 2001; Edmonds & Lebo 1998; Heilmann-Clausen & Christensen 2005). The presence of fungi in dead trees can also directly facilitate the colonization by species dependent on fungal mycelia or fruiting bodies, such as, for example many insects and their parasites (Komonen et al. 2000; Komonen 2003; Jonsell & Nordlander 2004; Jonsell et al. 2005) and other species of fungi (Niemelä et al. 1995). The structural diversity of forest ecosystems is clearly an important factor in maintaining forest biodiversity (Franklin et al. 2002; Lindenmayer et al. 2006). Wood-decay fungi are defined in this article as fungi which are found on or inhabiting woody substrata. The majority (*98%) of described fungal species are members of the dikarya clade, which includes the two phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota (James et al. 2006). These will be analyzed in this article. The evaluation of woody fungal biodiversity in Italy is still in progress. Ecological and distributive data on lignicolous macromycetes in Italy are not organized and still need a review analysis (Venturella et al. 2011). A positive step in reaching a more consistent organization of this information was the publication of the Check-list of Italian Fungi (Basidiomycota) by Onofri et al. (2005) which includes a high number of wood-decay fungi, and the publication of other checklists (Bernicchia 2001; Saitta et al. 2004; Gorjón et al. 2006; Bernicchia et al. 2007b,c,d, 2008a,b), monographs (Polyporaceae s.l. by Bernicchia 2005; Corticiaceae s.l. by Bernicchia & Gorjón 2010; Ascomycota by Medardi 2006) and papers (Venturella et al. 2007; Saitta & Venturella 2010) concerning wood-decay fungi at both regional (Sicily, Sardinia and Emilia Romagna) and national levels. Besides these works, published data still need to be organized to better define the geographic pattern of this group of fungi, to demonstrate the ecological diversity within the group and to provide a more accurate estimation of the richness of these species in Italy. By using more recent published and unpublished data, the aim of this study is to contribute to the knowledge of wood-decay fungal biodiversity in Italy. The systematic arrangement in Correspondence: A. Saitta, Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale e Biodiversità, Sezione Botanica, Via Archirafi 38, I-90123 Palermo, Italy. Tel: þ39 091 23891226; þ39 0916238262. Fax: þ39 0916238203. Email: asaitta@unipa.it ISSN 1126-3504 print/ISSN 1724-5575 online ª 2011 Società Botanica Italiana http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2011.633114 Biodiversity of wood-decay fungi in Italy this article follows Kirk et al. (2008) and is also based on Blackwell et al. (2006), James et al. (2006) and Hibbett et al. (2007). Downloaded by [Universita Studi la Sapienza] at 05:35 20 December 2011 Ecology, systematics and distribution of wood-decay basidiomycetes in Italy The phylum Basidiomycota includes 16 classes, 52 orders, around 180 families and more than 31,000 species. Three subphyla are accepted, Agaricomycotina, Pucciniomycotina and Ustilaginomycotina (Kirk et al. 2008). In this study, we focus on two groups of wood-decay Basidiomycota: aphyllophoroid and nonaphyllophoroid. The aphyllophoroid group includes the Amylocorticiales K.H. Larss., Manfr. Binder & Hibbett, Atheliales Jülich, Cantharellales Gäum., Corticiales K.H. Larss., Gloeophyllales Thorn, Gomphales Jülich, Hymenochaetales Oberw., Jaapiales Manfr. Binder, K.H. Larss. & Hibbett, Polyporales Gäum., Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw., Trechisporales K.H. Larss. and some species belonging to the Agaricales Underw., Boletales E.-J. Gilbert and Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David. The non-aphyllophoroid group includes the Agaricales, Auriculariales J. Schröt., Cantharellales (not aphyllophoroid), Dacrymycetales Henn., Exobasidiales Henn., Helicobasidiales R. Bauer, Begerow, J.P. Samp., M. Weiss & Oberw., Platygloeales R.T. Moore, Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David, Septobasidiales Couch ex Donk and Tremellales Fr. The up-to-date total number of wood-decay Basidiomycota in Italy are 1241 taxa, which represent 78% of the fungal taxa listed in this work. Among them, 770 species are aphyllophoroid and 471 species are non-aphyllophoroid. This number is continuously changing and at least 23 taxa new to science of Basidiomycota have been described during the last five years in Italy. The study of aphyllophoroid wood-inhabiting fungi enjoyed a golden period in Bresadola’s time and the town of Trento became a datum point for all the contemporary mycologists. Later, this branch of mycological research was neglected for many decades. Only since the beginning of the 1980s of the last century this important and numerous group of fungi has been consistently studied again. Some mycologists, both academics and amateurs, kept alive the tradition begun by the Italian mycologists. Before 2005, we only have reprints listing observations of species from forests and reserves, although these cover many Italian regions. The aphyllophoroid fungi are included in a heterogeneous group composed generally of species ranging from resupinate to effuse-reflexed or pileate. During the last decades, with the introduction of the use of molecular data in taxonomy, the classification of 959 the Aphyllophorales has dramatically changed. They form highly polyphyletic groups distributed over several families and orders among the homobasidiomycetes and most of them form basal clades among the major groups of Agaricales and Boletales (Binder & Hibbett 2002; Hibbett et al. 2007; Larsson 2007; Binder et al. 2010). In this article, we update the Italian data of aphyllophoroid wood-decay fungi to 770 species (online Appendix A) (456 corticioid, 265 polypores, 45 tomentelloid, 4 cyphelloid). They are distributed in the following orders: Agaricales (49), Amylocorticiales (8), Atheliales (42), Boletales (12), Cantharellales (43), Corticiales (15), Gloeophyllales (8), Gomphales (3), Hymenochaetales (137), Jaapiales (1), Polyporales (290), Russulales (89), Thelephorales (41), and Trechisporales (32). The aphyllophoroid fungi include organisms with several ecological strategies. Most are saprobic while some are mycorrhizal (some tomentelloid species, the genera Albatrellus Gray and Boletopsis Fayod) or parasites. Among the polypores, it is worth highlighting some species because of their pathogenicity. These include Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref., H. abietinum Niemelä & Korhonen, Inonotus hispidus (Bull.) P. Karst., Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.) Murrill, Phaeolus schweintzii (Fr.) Pat., Phellinus chrysoloma (Fr.) Donk, P. tuberculosus (Baumg.) Niemelä, and Porodaedalea pini (Brot.) Murrill. Polypores and corticioid fungi colonize wood of a very wide range of plants during all decay stages; some are strictly specific and grow only on a single plant family or more rarely, on a sole species. They have been recorded mainly on the following substrata (online Appendix B): 267 species on Quercus spp., 238 on Pinus spp., 210 on Abies alba Mill., 186 on Fagus sylvatica L., 170 on Picea abies (L.) H. Karst., 70 on Castanea sativa Mill., 115 on Juniperus spp., 67 on Ulmus spp., 64 on Salix spp., 55 on Arbutus unedo L., 35 on Taxus baccata L. More than 20 species new to science have been described during the last five years; they have been recorded in just a few Italian regions and several species have been described and successively recorded exclusively in Italy, such as Aleurodiscus ilexicola Bernicchia & Ryvarden, Antrodia macrospora Bernicchia & De Domincis, Antrodiella semistipitata Bernicchia & Ryvarden, Botryobasidium sassofratinoense Bernicchia & G. Langer, Byssomerulius pirottae (Bres.) Hjortstam, Ceriporia sulphuricolor Bernicchia & Niemelä, Ceriporiopsis guidella Bernicchia & Ryvarden, Cristinia artheniensis Baici & Hjortstam, Echinodontium ryvardenii Bernicchia & Piga, Fomitopsis labyrinthica Bernicchia & Ryvarden, Hyphoderma etruriae Bernicchia, Lindtneria brevispora Bernicchia & Gorjón, L. hydnoidea Bernicchia & Ryvarden, Phanerochaete parvispora Sheng H. Wu & Downloaded by [Universita Studi la Sapienza] at 05:35 20 December 2011 960 A. Saitta et al. Losi, Phlebia capitata Bernicchia & Gorjón, Tomentellopsis pulchella Kõljalg & Bernicchia and Vararia maremmana Bernicchia (Bernicchia 2005; Bernicchia & Gorjón 2010). Some species, described for the first time in Italy, have a distribution limited to certain Mediterranean or central European countries. Antrodia sandaliae Bernicchia & Ryvarden has been collected only from dead branches of Arbutus unedo L. in Mediterranean forests of Sardinia and centralwest Spain. Antrodiella ichnusana Bernicchia, Renvall & Arras has been recorded also from Finland and France. Dendrothele wojewodae Pouzar was recorded in Italy, the Czech Republic and Ukraine (Gorjón & Bernicchia 2010). The new species Fibroporia bohemica Bernicchia, Vampola & Prodi has been recently described morphologically and on a molecular basis, using specimens previously ascribed to F. radiculosa (Peck.) Gilbn. & Ryvarden (Bernicchia et al. in press); so far, it is known from Bohemia in the Czech Republic and the Italian Alpes. Lindtneria panphyliensis Bernicchia & M.J. Larsen has a well-documented distribution in Czech Republic, France, Italy and UK. Fibroporia citrina (Bernicchia & Ryvarden) Bernicchia & Ryvarden, Hyphoderma crustulinum (Bres.) Nakasone, Neolentiporus squamosellus (Bernicchia & Ryvarden) Bernicchia & Ryvarden, Phellinus juniperinus Bernicchia & S. Curreli and P. rosmarini Bernicchia have also been recorded from France. Among the group of species sharing a Mediterranean distribution and thus penetrating only into the warmer European areas the following are present in Italy: Acanthophysellum dextrinoideocerussatum Manjón, M.N. Blanco & G. Moreno, Botryobasidium asperulum (D.P. Rogers) Boidin, Byssomerulius hirtellus (Burt) Parmasto, Ceriporia camaresiana (Bourdot & Galzin) Bondartsev & Singer, C. griseoviolascens M. Pieri & B. Rivoire, Corticium meridioroseum Boidin & Lanq., Dendrophora versiformis (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Chamuris, Duportella malenconii (Boidin & Lanq.) Hjortstam, Hyphoderma malençonii (Manjón & G. Moreno) Manjón, G. Moreno & Hjortstam, Hyphodermella rosae (Bres.) Nakasone, Hexagonia nitida Durieu & Mont., Inocutis tamaricis (Pat.) Fiasson & Niemelä, Lenzites warnieri Mont. & Durieu, Lenzitopsis oxycedri Malençon & Bertault, Oligoporus inocybe (A. David & Malençon) Ryvarden & Gilb., Peniophora meridionalis Boidin, Phanerochaete aculeata Hallenb., P. martelliana (Bres.) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden, P. juniperinus, P. rosmarini, Perenniporia meridionalis Decock & Stalpers, Polyporus meridionalis (A. David) H. Jahn, Skeletocutis percandida (Malençon & Bertault) Jean Keller, Stereum reflexulum D.A. Reid, Trametes junipericola Manjón, G. Moreno & Ryvarden and Vuilleminia pseudocystidiata Boidin, Lanq. & Gilles. A few species show a surprising distribution. Xanthoporus syringae (Parmasto) Audet, a species typically known from Scandinavia growing on Syringa vulgaris, has been collected in a mixed Picea and Alnus forest in north Italy. Fibricium gloeocystidiatum Rajchenb. has been described from the Andean Patagonian forests growing on the endemic conifer Austrocedrus chilensis (D. Don) Pic. Serm. & Bizzarri and was collected in Sardinia on dead leaves of Osmunda regalis L. (Arras et al. 2007). Dendrothele tetracornis Boidin & Duhem is present in some Scandinavian countries and in two Mediterranean ones, Italy and France. Gyrodontium sacchari (Spreng.) Hjortstam, recorded from Sardinia is the only European collection while its main distributional pattern is Central and South America. Trechispora clancularis (Park.-Rhodes) K.H. Larss., known in Brasil and Tanzania, is now recorded in a very small number of European countries and in two Italian regions. Some corticioid and polyporoid species recently collected (Bernicchia pers. comm.), have such peculiar microscopic characteristics as to be undoubtedly new species and they will be described in further publications. Most non-aphyllophoroid Basidiomycota belong to the order Agaricales. More than 13,000 species representing 413 genera and 33 families have been described (Kirk et al. 2008). Most lignicolous species of the Agaricales are white rot agents. The production of basidiomata on living trees or rotting wood is not necessarily indicative of saprotrophic nutrition. Some ectomycorrhizal Agaricales may also produce basidiomata on rotten wood. Recent phylogenetic research has shown that Singer’s Agaricales sensu stricto (Singer 1986) roughly corresponds to the euagarics clade (Hibbett et al. 1997; Moncalvo et al. 2000, 2002). However, molecular data have shown that an overemphasis on spore print color, basidiome developmental pattern and some anatomical and cytological traits has led to the establishment of many artificial groups, while some cyphelloid, aphyllophoroid and gasteroid fungi should be included. Hibbett et al. (1997) and Hibbett (2004), using nuclear and mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences of representatives of agarics, aphyllophoroid and gasteroid fungi (i.e. gilled, non-gilled agarics and puffballs) have shown that basidiome form and hymenophore type are not reliable phylogenetic markers. Phylogenetic analyses focused on Agaricales (euagarics clade) (Moncalvo et al. 2000, 2002) have pointed out that some traditional taxonomic groups are artificial (for example Cortinariaceae, Tricholomataceae, Strophariaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Clitocybe, Omphalina and Marasmius), revealing 117 monophyletics clades. Some non-gilled resupinate, cyphelloid, and gasteroid taxa were classified as Agaricales (e.g. Peintner et al. 2001; Binder & Bresinsky 2002; Bodensteiner et al. 2004; Larsson et al. 2004; Binder et al. 2005; Matheny & Bougher 2006a; Larsson 2007). The most recent phylogenetic analysis of Agaricales was conducted by Matheny et al. (2006b) using a Downloaded by [Universita Studi la Sapienza] at 05:35 20 December 2011 Biodiversity of wood-decay fungi in Italy multigenic approach on 146 genera and 238 species. Bayesian analysis recognized six monophyletic groups which were named as Agaricoid, Tricholomatoid, Marasmioid, Pluteoid, Hygrophoroid and Plicaturopsidoid clades. According to Hibbett et al. (2007) and to Matheny et al. (2006b), the order Agaricales belongs to the subclass Agaricomycetidae, along with the Atheliales and Boletales. The total number of wood-decay non-aphyllophoroid taxa in Italy is 471 (online Appendix C), belonging to the orders Agaricales (351 taxa), Auriculariales (36), Dacrymycetales (14), Tremellales (14), Cantharellales (11), Polyporales (9), Russulales (8), Boletales (8), Gloeophyllales (4), Gomphales (4), Exobasidiales (3), Platigloeales (6), Septobasidiales (2) and Geastrales (1). Genera with higher numbers of taxa are Mycena (Pers.) Roussel (56), Pluteus Fr. (34), Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. (24), Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. (17), Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude (16), Marasmiellus Murrill (11), Exidia Fr. (10), Gymnopilus P. Karst. (10), Tremella Pers. (10), and Dacrymyces Nees (9). Three species new to the science have been described during the last few years, Crinipellis pedemontana A. Vizzini, Antonı́n & Noordel. (Vizzini et al. 2007), Gymnopilus maritimus Contu, Guzm.Dáv., A. Ortega & Vizzini (Guzmán-Dávalos et al. 2009) and Gymnopus inexpectatus Consiglio, Vizzini, Antonı́n & Contu (Vizzini et al. 2008). Several species show a restricted national and European distribution. These include Baeospora myriadophylla (Peck) Singer, Buchwaldoboletus lignicola (Kallenb.) Pilát, Chaetocalathus craterellus (Durieu & Lév.) Singer, Cheimonophyllum candidissimum (Berk. & Curt.) Singer, Chromosera cyanophylla (Fr.) Redhead, C. subbulbipes Murrill, Chrysomphalina chrysophylla (Fr.) Clémençon, C. strombodes (Berk. & Mont.) Clémençon, Cleistocybe pleurotoides (J. Favre) Vizzini (Vizzini 2009), Clitocybe truncicola (Peck) Sacc., Clitopilus hobsonii (Berk. & Broome) P.D. Orton, C. rhodophyllus (Bres.) Singer, Ammirati & Norvell, Coprinopsis strossmayeri Schulzer, Crepidotus cinnabarinus Peck, C. roseoornatus Pöder & E. Ferrari, C. pedemontana, C. sardoa Candusso, Cystoderma subvinaceum A.H. Sm., Flammulina fennae Bas, G. maritimus, G. purpureosquamulosus Høil. (GuzmánDávalos et al. 2008), Haasiella venustissima (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar, Heliocybe sulcata (Berk.) Redhead & Ginns, Hemistropharia albocrenulata (Peck) Jacobsson & E. Larss., Hydropus atramentosus (Kalchbr.) Kotl. & Pouzar, H. trichoderma (Joss.) Singer, Marasmiellus virgatocutis Robich, Esteve-Rav. & G. Moreno, Mycetinis epidryas (Kühner) Antonı́n & Noordel., Phaeomarasmius rimulincola (Rabenh.) P.D. Orton, Pholiota henningsii (Bres.) P.D. Orton, P. jahnii Tjall.-Beuk. & Bas, P. subochracea (A.H. Sm.) A.H. Sm. & Hesler, P. tubercolosa (Schaeff.:Fr.) P. Kumm., Pleurocybella porrigens (Pers.) Singer, Pluteus 961 aurantiorugosus (Trog) Sacc., Rhodotus palmatus (Bull.:Fr.) Maire, Simocybe maritima (Bon) Bon, S. rubi (Berk.) Singer, Sparassis brevipes Krombh., Trichocybe puberula (Kuyper) Vizzini (Vizzini et al. 2010), and Tricholomopsis flammula Métrod. Analysis of available data on distribution of wooddecay basidiomycetes in Italy suggests that some regions are very well explored while others such as the Valle d’Aosta, Umbria, Marche and Molise are poorly investigated and further studies and inventorial field work are needed. It is not possible to establish a conclusion about the distribution of the biodiversity due to the fragmentary survey. Candidate species included in the draft European red list Taking into account their distribution and ecological value, a significant number of these species, can be considered for inclusion in the draft European red list. Of the wood-decay Basidiomycota (online Appendix D) 194 species are among the 1644 candidates for the European red list (http://www.wsl.ch/eccf/). Among them, the following species, because of their environmental importance and rarity in Italy, should be included in the future European red list: Aleurodiscus ilexicola, Amphinema diadema K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam, Amyloathelia amylacea (Bourdot & Galzin) Hjortstam & Ryvarden, Antrodia albobrunnea (Romell) Ryvarden, A. alpina (Litsch.) Gilb. & Ryvarden, A. pulvinascens (Pilát) Niemelä, A. sandaliae, Antrodiella ichnusana, Atheloderma mirabile Parmasto, B. myriadophylla, Botryobasidium robustius Pouzar & Hol.-Jech., Ceriporia alachuana (Murrill) Hallenb., C. alba M. Pieri & B. Rivoire, C. sulphuricolor, Ceriporiopsis guidella, C. cyanophylla, Clitocybe subbulbipes, C. truncicola, Coprinus strossmayeri, C. cinnabarinus, C. roseo-ornatus, Crinipellis sardoa, Crustoderma longicystidiatum (Litsch.) Nakasone, Cystoderma subvinaceum, Dendrothele amygdalispora Hjortstam, D. dryina (Pers.) P.A. Lemke, Dentipellis fragilis (Pers.) Donk, E. ryvardenii, Fomitopsis labyrinthica, H. venustissima (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar, Hjortstamia crassa (Lév.) Boidin & Gilles, Hyphoderma etruriae, Hypochnella violacea Auersw. ex J. Schröt., Inonotus andersonii (Ellis & Everh.) Cerný, Laurilia sulcata (Burt) Pouzar, Lenzitopsis oxycedri, Lindtneria flava Parmasto, Odonticium helgae Hjortstam & Ryvarden, Oligoporus simanii (Pilát) Bernicchia, Peniophora tamaricicola Boidin & Malençon, Peniophorella guttulifera (P. Karst.) K.H. Larss., Phellinus rimosus (Berk.) Pilát, Ramaricium alboochraceum (Bres.) Jülich, Scotomyces subviolaceus (Peck) Jülich, Steccherinum robustius (J. Erikss. & S. Lundell), Trametes junipericola, Trechispora kavinioides de Vries, Trichaptum laricinum (P. Karst.) Ryvarden, 962 A. Saitta et al. Vuilleminia megalospora Bres., and V. pseudocystidiata, Lanq. & Gilles. In addition, there are some very rare and interesting species absent from the preliminary list, including Chaetoderma luna (Romell ex D.P. Rogers & H.S. Jacks.) Parmasto, C. candidissimum, Dendrothele nivosa (Berk. & M.A. Curtis ex Höhn. & Litsch.) P.A. Lemke, Dendrothele wojewodae, F. fennae, Lindtneria panphyliensis, M. virgatocutis, P. porrigens and Vararia maremmana. Downloaded by [Universita Studi la Sapienza] at 05:35 20 December 2011 Focal species for habitat conservation Given the importance of fungi in ecosystem processes, several studies have suggested use of fungi as focal species, or indicators of ecological continuity in forest ecosystems worldwide (e.g. Sverdrup-Thygeson & Lindenmayer 2003; Blasi et al. 2010). A group of species growing on specific endangered substrata are the most useful way to drive the conservation of forest ecosystems. In Italy, many interesting and rare fungal species are linked to a specific substratum and can be used, as usually happens for mammals or birds, as ‘‘umbrella species’’, which provide for conservation of the entire ecosystem. A significant number of Basidiomycota were found in plant communities included in the priority Habitats of Annex I of the Directive 92/43/EEC and its interpretation manual for Italy (Blasi et al. 2007) and most of these belong to the aphyllophoroid group. The most significant habitats for their conservation are ‘‘Endemic forests with Juniperus spp. (*9560)’’ ‘‘Quercus suber forests (9330)’’, ‘‘Quercus ilex and Quercus rotundifolia forests (9340)’’, ‘‘Alpine Larix decidua and/or Pinus cembra forests (9420)’’ and ‘‘Apennine beech forests with Abies alba and beech forests with Abies nebrodensis (*9220)’’. The cases of juniper and cork oak forests are highlighted as follow. Old Sardinian juniper (Juniperus phoenicea L. and J. oxycedrus L.) forests very often are selective substrata for very rare species such as E. ryvardenii, Hyphoderma etruriae, Lenzitopsis oxycedri, Neolentiporus squamosellus, Piloporia sajanensis (Parmasto) Niemelä and Trametes junipericola. Most species associated with ancient juniper forests occur in the Urzulei-Piraonni-Orgosolo-Lanaittu area, where some outstanding examples have been recorded. Juniper trees are an irreplaceable substratum, and for this reason survival of many woodinhabiting Italian aphyllophoraceous species has become uncertain. Many polypores restricted to old specimens of Juniperus L. follow the host genus wherever it occurs, with a scattered distributional pattern. They may therefore be considered threatened species, and old juniper trees should be protected (Bernicchia & Ryvarden 1988). Mediterranean oak forests and shrublands are fragile ecosystems and some aphyllophoroid species connected with these habitat need to be protected. A species growing specifically or preferentially on Quercus suber L., Odonticium flavicans, is a good indicator of cork oak forests which should be conserved. Hot spots for wood-decay Basidiomycota in Italy Some areas such as the Alps and the Apennines, present a notable diversity of polypores and corticioids. Several aphyllophoroid fungi have been recorded exclusively from the Alps. These include Antrodia alpina, Antrodiella semistipitata, A. serpula (P. Karst.) Spirin & Niemelä, Asterodon ferruginosus Pat., Atheloderma mirabile, Athelopsis lembospora (Bourdot) Oberw., Ceratobasidium anceps (Bres. & Syd.) H.S. Jacks., Dendrothele amygdalispora and Xanthoporus syringae. Some areas of the Alps show a high fungal diversity (Bernicchia 2005; Bernicchia & Gorjón 2010), for example ‘‘Val Casies’’, ‘‘Val d’Ultimo’’ and ‘‘Val di Genova’’ in the Trentino Alto-Adige Region. From the last of these, recently, Antrodiella semistipitata has been described as a species new to the science (Bernicchia et al. 2007a). Some species have been exclusively recorded from the Apennines. The ‘‘Sasso Fratino’’ Reserve, for example, is a very interesting area for aphyllophoroid fungi, with two endemic polypores, Ceriporiopsis guidella (Bernicchia & Ryvarden 2003), Fomitopsis labyrinthica, one corticioid, Botryobasidium sassofratinoense Bernicchia & G. Langer (Bernicchia et al. 2010), and several rare species such as Ceriporia herinkii Vampola, Crustomyces expallens (Bres.) Hjortstam, C. subabruptus (Bourdot & Galzin) Jülich, Dentipellis fragilis, Hyphodontia latitans (Bourdot & Galzin) Ginns & M.N.L. Lefebvre, Parvobasidium cretatum (Bourdot & Galzin) Jülich, Podofomes trogii (Fr.) Pouzar, Steccherinum robustius, and Xylodon nudisetus (Warcup & P.H.B. Talbot) Hjortstam & Ryvarden. Sardinia and Sicily, the two major Italian islands, provide a refuge for many interesting species. Mediterranean forests and shrublands, typically consisting of densely or sparsely growing evergreen shrubs and trees, constitute a complex ecological system inhabited by some recently recognized species, many of them rare or very rare lignicolous fungi. In Sardinia, ancient juniper forests are a most remarkable ecosystem because of their many rare aphyllophoroid fungi already discussed. Some areas are notable for their fungal diversity. These include ‘‘Badde Salighes’’ (Bernicchia & Ryvarden 1988), ‘‘Valle di Lanaittu’’, ‘‘Supramonte di Orgosolo’’ and ‘‘Urzulei’’ in Nuoro province. In Ogliastra province, Downloaded by [Universita Studi la Sapienza] at 05:35 20 December 2011 Biodiversity of wood-decay fungi in Italy there is the ‘‘Montarbu forest’’, the only known location of Antrodia sandaliae, and ‘‘Baccu Gerduri forest’’ where Antrodiella ichnusana can be found. Several species have been recorded on Juniperus spp.: E. ryvardenii, collected in Sardinia on Juniperus phoenicea and J. oxycedrus subsp. macrocarpa, Sibth. & Sm., is very interesting because it is the first and so far the only known collection area of Echinodontium Ellis & Everh. in Europe: all previously known species are North American or Asiatic (Bernicchia & Piga 1998). Piloporia sajanensis, recorded on J. oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus L. is a boreal species, found in Scandinavia and central to eastern Russia. Its presence in Sardinia can be regarded as a relic from the last glacial period when ice reached most of central Europe and coniferous forest covered most of the higher areas in the Mediterranean region. In Sicily, assessment of wood-decay fungi is still in progress and new distributional and ecological information is being acquired with the frequent discovery of previously unrecorded taxa. A huge number of species have been found in Quercus ilex L. and Q. suber woods. These include Ceriporia griseoviolascens, Gloeodontia columbiensis Burt ex Burds. & Lombard, Lindtneria chordulata (D.P. Rogers) Hjortstam, Odonticium flavicans, Phellinus erectus A. David, Dequatre & Fiasson, Phlebia nothofagi, Sarcodontia crocea (Schwein.) Kotl., Trechispora stevensonii (Berk. & Broome) K.H. Larss., Vuilleminia coryli Boidin, Lanq. & Gilles, and V. pseudocystidiata. The presence in Sicily of Oligoporus mappa (Overh. & J. Lowe) Gilb. & Ryvarden on Pinus halepensis Miller reforestation is noteworthy. Areas with high fungal diversity in Sicily are the ‘‘Madonie Park’’, ‘‘Ficuzza Wood-Rocca Busambra Reserve’’, ‘‘Monte Petroso’’ forest and ‘‘Nebrodi Park’’. Ecology, systematics and distribution of wood-decay ascomycetes Ascomycota is the largest phylum of kingdom Fungi and includes approximately 64,000 described species in 327 families of 68 orders (Kirk et al. 2008). It is characterized by production of meiospores in specialized sac-shaped meiosporangia (asci). The current classification of Ascomycota is based on a series of major phylogenetic studies carried out through the ‘‘Deep Hypha’’ and assembling the fungal tree of life (AFTOL) projects (Blackwell et al. 2006; James et al. 2006; Hibbett et al. 2007), as well as other resources including Myconet (e.g. Eriksson 2006a,b; http:// fieldmuseum.org/myconet/printed.asp). In many instances, molecular and morphological data are congruent, but integration of these data has proved to be unfeasible in some cases, moreover a significant 963 number of orders and many families have yet to have any members in them sequenced. Currently, Ascomycota is divided into three monophyletic subphyla: Pezizomycotina, Saccharomycotina, and Taphrinomycotina. Pezizomycotina is the largest subphylum and includes the vast majority of filamentous, fruit-body-producing species (James et al. 2006). Within this subphylum, in the Sordariomycetes clade there are fungi significant in a range of major ecologies including wood-decay (e.g. Xylariales) (Spatafora et al. 2006). The decay of living trees, snags, fallen branches and logs is critical for the recycling of nutrients, and is effected primarily by fungi especially basidiomycetes and to a lesser extent ascomycetes and bacteria. Decayed wood within these structures houses a large portion of forest biodiversity (Berg et al. 1994; Samuelsson et al. 1994; Franklin et al. 1997; Butler et al. 2002; Grove 2002). Many species of wood-decay fungi have preference for trees in a particular age class. In addition, the fungal communities in decomposing wood differ according to the particular decay classes (e.g. Heilmann-Clausen & Boddy 2008; Fukasawa et al. 2011). The occurrence of different fungal communities with different abilities to cause decay and with different ecological specialization defines the trophic fungal succession as a sequential colonization of the substratum. Fungal succession on wood is indirectly driven by wood properties (resource quality) and environmental factors (microclimate), and directly driven by fungal ecological strategies (pioneer, combative) (Boddy 1992, 2001). Many studies have reported that the Basidiomycota and Xylariaceae account for most lignocellulose decomposition in wood debris. Many authors (e.g. Worrall et al. 1997; Fukasawa et al. 2011) have investigated wood decaying abilities of fungi using pure culture tests under laboratory conditions with the aim of understanding the role of fungi in wood decomposition in nature as well as the biological applications of these abilities. Weight losses caused by members of Ascomycota were generally moderate to low, but in the Xylariales and Sordariales approached 40%. All ascomycetes that caused weight loss exceeding 2% caused decay features characteristic of soft rot (Worrall et al. 1997). For several Ascomycota, such as some Xylariales, these authors reported the same complement of tested phenoloxidase activities (gallic and tannic acid, laccase, and peroxidase) as did typical white-rot fungi. White-rot fungi can progressively utilize all major cell wall components, including both the carbohydrates and the lignin. Members of the Xylariaceae and Chaetomiaceae G. Winter and a few additional species showed other advanced decay features, including relatively high weight loss and lignin degrading ability. Fukasawa Downloaded by [Universita Studi la Sapienza] at 05:35 20 December 2011 964 A. Saitta et al. et al. (2011) reported among the Xylariaceae [Hypoxylon fragiforme (Pers.) J. Kickx f. and Kretzschmaria deusta (Hoffm.) P.M.D. Martin], a greater weight loss for non-decayed beech wood than for intermediately and well-decayed wood. The weight losses were higher in intermediately or well-decayed wood in some anamorphic Ascomycota. This first survey of wood-decay Ascomycota (excluding anamorphs) from Italy is based on species reported in the available literature which was largely contributed by Medardi (2006), Saitta et al. (2004) for Sicily, and unpublished data resulting from surveys carried out on coarse woody debris in the Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park, (Campania) southern Italy (A. M. Persiani, personal communication). Collectively, these constitute a total of 341 taxa within the Pezizomycotina, with information about their distribution and substratum associations. It is far from exhaustive, but represents a good start for assessing the status of knowledge about Italian wood-decay Ascomycota diversity, for determining threats to that diversity, and promoting the most appropriate actions to be taken for its conservation within with forest ecosystems. The nomenclatural sources adopted were the Dictionary of the Fungi (Kirk et al. 2008) and IndexFungorum, the de facto global nomenclator for fungal names, http://www.indexfungorum.org/ names/Names.asp. The 341 species of wood-decay Ascomycota (Pezizomycotina) in Italy (i.e. only those species for which a woody substratum has been reported, belong in 24 orders, 57 families and 138 genera. The species are listed in the online Appendix E, in which are also reported their references published and/or unpublished in the case of research in progress. In respect of the biogeographic regions of Europe, and in the context of Alpine/Continental regions assigned to Italy, Lombardy is the most widely studied with 287 taxa, followed by Trentino and Veneto, with 85 and 71 taxa, respectively. In the Mediterranean region, Tuscany with 38 taxa, and Campania and Sicily, both with 36 taxa are the regions most studied. However, this dataset may reflect the distribution of researchers and of investigations carried out as well. The best represented orders, as a percentage of the 341 species are: Helotiales Nannf. 30.5%, Xylariales Nannf. 18.8%, Pezizales J. Schröt. 12.3%, Hypocreales Lindau 6.7%, Diaporthales Nannf. 6.7%, Pleosporales Luttr. ex M.E. Barr 5.0% and Orbiliales Baral, O.E. Erikss., G. Marson & E. Weber 3.5%. The best represented families are: Xylariaceae 11.4%, Helotiaceae Rehm 10.9%, Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. 7.9%, Diatrypaceae Nitschke 6.7%, Pezizaceae Dumort. 5.3% and Dermateaceae Fr. 5.3%. The best represented genera are: Peziza Fr. (14 taxa), Xylaria Hill ex Schrank (14), Orbilia Fr. (11), Scutellinia (Cooke) Lambotte (10), Hymenoscyphus Gray (9), Lachnellula P. Karst. (9), Hypocrea Fr. (8), Mollisia (Fr.) P. Karst. (8), Nectria (Fr.) Fr. (7), Lachnum Retz. (6), Hypoxylon Bull. (6), and Phaeohelotium Kanouse (6). The high richness in species of Mollisia agrees with reports for boreal forests. In fact Mollisia includes species growing on plant debris as well as on decaying wood, and some are also obviously biotrophs. Kauserud et al. (2005) sampled fungal spores from air in three boreal forest sites and phylogenetic analyses were used to obtain a molecular characterization. Mollisia was the most abundant genus within Helotiales and was especially frequent in old-growth forest sites and lowest in the most disturbed clear-cut forests. The results for the Pezizomycotina can also be correlated with various plant taxa (more than 50), including conifers, and broad-leaved, deciduous and evergreen shrubs, and trees. In most cases, these represent the most relevant vegetational aspects relative to the ‘‘forests, wood and scrubs’’ macro category of the Directive’s habitats (92/43/EEC) and its interpretation manual for Italy (Blasi et al. 2007). The highest number of Pezizomycotina taxa was associated with Fagus sylvatica wood substrata (73), and in decreasing order Quercus spp. (70), Alnus spp. (42) and Populus spp. (36). Records from woody substrata of F. sylvatica and Quercus spp. will now be discussed. In Europe, the southern limit of F. sylvatica is found in Italian beech forest stands and for this reason, these stands are of particular interest, particularly since, in Mediterranean Europe, forest exploitation has been going on for thousands of years, and during the 20th century a lot of deforestation took place (Gilg 2004). Of the 73 species reported as occurring on dead wood of F. sylvatica, around 70% are attributable to investigations in beech forests of protected areas in Italy (online Appendix F). With respect to some of these areas, two priority habitats indicated by the Habitat Directive (European Commission DG Environment, Nature and Biodiversity, 2003 – Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats – EUR25) are relevant, both phytogeographically and ecologically. They are: ‘‘Apennine beech forests with Taxus and Ilex’’ (*9210) for the PNCVD and ‘‘Apennine beech forests with Abies alba and beech forests with Abies nebrodensis’’ (*9220) for Sicily (Madonie Park). Of the Pezizomycotina recorded on F. sylvatica dead wood, four genera are the most represented, each with four species: Hymenoscyphus calyculus (Sowerby) W. Phillips, H. imberbis (Bull.) Dennis, H. serotinus (Pers.) W. Phillips, H. sublateritius (Berk. & Broome) Dennis, Hypocrea aureoviridis Plowr. & Cooke, H. citrina (Pers.) Fr., H. gelatinosa (Tode) Downloaded by [Universita Studi la Sapienza] at 05:35 20 December 2011 Biodiversity of wood-decay fungi in Italy Fr., H. rufa (Pers.) Fr., Hypoxylon fragiforme, H. fuscum (Pers.) Fr., H. rubiginosum (Pers.) Fr., H. rutilum Tul. & C. Tul., Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Grev., X. juruensis Henn., X. longipes Nitschke, and X. polymorpha (Pers.) Grev. Diatrype Fr. is represented by three species: D. bullata (Hoffm.) Fr., D. disciformis (Hoffm.) Fr., and D. stigma (Hoffm.) Fr. This survey is the first Italian contribution about species of Pezizomycotina associated with beech wood to highlight the key importance of dead wood for biodiversity in these forests and its availability to possible specific species’ demand. The occurrence of wood-inhabiting fungi can be considered as an indicator of the natural value of European beech forests, and some authors (e.g. Christensen et al. 2004) have proposed a set of fungal indicator species, predominantly Basidiomycota, to be considered in setting conservation priorities in European beech forests. In respect of the Pezizomycotina recorded on Quercus spp. dead wood (online Appendix G) four genera are strongly represented. Hypoxylon has five species: Hypoxylon fragiforme, H. fuscum, H. howeanum Peck, H. rubiginosum and H. rutilum. Mollisia has four species: M. cinerea (Batsch) P. Karst., M. discolor var. longispora Le Gal, M. ligni (Desm.) P. Karst., M. ramealis P. Karst. The genera Daldinia Ces. & De Not. and Lachnum are both represented by three species: D. concentrica (Bolton) Ces. & De Not., D. martinii M. Stadler, Venturella & Wollw., D. raimundi M. Stadler, Venturella & Wollw., L. bicolor (Bull.) P. Karst., L. brevipilosum Baral and L. virgineum (Batsch) P. Karst. Among Quercus species, Q. ilex is notable as representative of the Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests so widely characteristic of Italy. Prolonged exploitation of forests in Italy favors this species which is more adapted to xeric environments than deciduous Quercus species like Q. pubescens Willd. and Q. cerris L. The highest number of taxa were recorded from Q. ilex (26) (online Appendix H), compared to 70 species for all species of Quercus combined. Of the 341 species reported in this study, 20 (online Appendix I) appear in red lists of other European countries (http://www.wsl.ch/eccf/). Among those 20 species we wish to highlight Biscogniauxia mediterranea (De Not.) Kuntze, Hymenoscyphus monticola (Berk.) Baral and Chlorociboria aeruginosa (Oeder) Seaver ex C.S. Ramamurthi, Korf & L.R. Batra, all on woody substrata of F. sylvatica and Quercus spp. Focal species for habitat conservation In Italy, an integrated research project has been carried out in the Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park on broad-leaved forests with varying management histories (Burrascano et al. 2009). As 965 part of this, the diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi and beetles was also surveyed (Persiani et al. 2010). This project carried out multi-taxon and forest structure sampling to identify indicators and monitor (Blasi et al. 2010). Among other taxa, three Pezizomycotina, Ascocoryne cylichnium (Tul.) Korf, Xylaria polymorpha and Hymenoscyphus serotinus, were shown to be old-growth forest indicators, albeit with an only marginally significant indicator value, using the indicator species analysis (ISA) and the software PC-ORD 5 (McCune & Mefford 2006). Xylaria polymorpha was also considered to be an oldgrowth indicator species by Schmid and Helfer (1999) and Parmasto (2001). Referring to our dataset, all three are among the species associated with beech wood; their occurrence thus plays a vital role to indicate the natural value of Italian/European beech forests. Documenting and conserving Italian fungal biodiversity Mycology has a long tradition in Europe and hence knowledge of species, their distribution, ecology and status in Europe is the most extensive in the world. On this basis it would be feasible to analyze the status of European fungal diversity to establish conservation priorities for fungi as part of national and the European conservation priorities also applying IUCN red-listing priorities (Dahlberg & Mueller 2011). On the other hand, the large number of species, and in some cases, a lack of synergy between professional and amateur mycologists, has meant that, to date, this knowledge (particularly within anamorphic and teleomorphic ascomycetes) is low, compared with more well-known groups of species (Senn-Irlet et al. 2007). In Italy there are still limits to the knowledge of wood-decay Pezizomycotina impeding compilation of the regional and national level check-lists which would allow characterization of declining, rare and threatened populations. The set of data presented in this survey represents the first major contribution to the knowledge of the distribution of these species and their relationship with their substrata in Italy. We believe the present contribution will be useful at a European scale too. According to the Ascomycete Conservation Specialist Group (http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/ ascos/index.htm) ascomycetes have been seriously overlooked in conservation while, at the same time, it is becoming clear that this largest single group of fungi may be adversely affected by human activities. We also hope for an increase in Italian research to determine the threats Pezizomycotina are facing and the development of long-term programs to assess the status of individual species. This will contribute to 966 A. Saitta et al. the conservation of fungi in Europe and will achieve the aims reported within the Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats (Senn-Irlet et al. 2007). Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Dr David Minter (UK) for his help with linguistic revision and Luigi Arras for kindly providing data from Sardinia. Downloaded by [Universita Studi la Sapienza] at 05:35 20 December 2011 References Allen RB, Clinton PW, Davis MR. 1997. 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APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Abortiporus biennis (Bull.) Singer Acanthophysellum cerussatum (Bres.) Höhn. & Litsch. Acanthophysellum dextrinoideocerussatum (Manjón, M.N. Blanco & G. Moreno) Sheng H. Wu, Boidin & C.Y. Chien Albatrellus confluens (Alb. & Schwein.) Kotl. & Pouzar Albatrellus cristatus (Schaeff.) Kotl. & Pouzar Albatrellus ovinus (Schaeff.) Kotl. & Pouzar Albatrellus subrubescens (Murrill) Pouzar Aleurobotrys botryosus Burt Aleurocystidiellum disciforme (DC.) Telleria Aleurocystidiellum subcruentatum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) P.A. Lemke Aleurodiscus amorphus Rabenh. Aleurodiscus aurantius (Pers.) J. Schröt. Aleurodiscus ilexicola Bernicchia & Ryvarden Alutaceodontia alutacea (Fr.) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Amaurodon viridis (Alb. & Schwein.) J. Schröt. Amphinema byssoides (Pers.) J. Erikss. Amphinema diadema K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Amyloathelia amylacea (Bourdot & Galzin) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Amylocorticiellum molle (Fr.) Spirin & Zmitr. Amylocorticiellum subillaqueatum (Litsch.) Spirin & Zmitr. Amylocorticium canadense (Burt) J. Erikss. & Weresub Amylocorticium cebennense (Bourdot) Pouzar, Amylocorticium subincarnatum (Peck) Pouzar Amylocorticium subsulphureum (P. Karst.) Pouzar Amyloporia sinuosa (Fr.) Rajchenb., Gorjón & Pildain Amyloporia xantha (Fr.) Bondartsev & Singer ex Bondartsev Amylostereum areolatum (Chaillet) Boidin Amylostereum chailletii (Pers.) Boidin Amylostereum laevigatum (Fr.) Boidin Amyloxenasma allantosporum (Oberw.) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Antrodia albida (Fr.) Donk Antrodia albobrunnea (Romell) Ryvarden Antrodia alpina (Litsch.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Antrodia macra (Sommerf.) Niemelä Antrodia macrospora Bernicchia & De Domincis Antrodia malicola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Donk Antrodia pulvinascens (Pilát) Niemelä Antrodia ramentacea (Berk. & Broome) Donk Antrodia sandaliae Bernicchia & Ryvarden Antrodia serialis (Fr.) Donk Antrodia HUBO 8206 Antrodia HUBO 8245, 8142 Antrodiella fissiliformis (Pilát) Gilb. & Ryvarden Antrodiella ichnusana Bernicchia, Renvall & Arras Antrodiella leucoxantha (Bres.) Miettinen & Niemelä Antrodiella onychoides (Egeland) Niemelä Antrodiella pallescens (Pilát) Niemelä & Miettinen Antrodiella parasitica Vampola Antrodiella romellii (Donk) Niemelä Antrodiella semistipitata Bernicchia & Ryvarden Antrodiella serpula (P. Karst.) Spirin & Niemelä Antrodiella sp. HUBO Aphanobasidium canariense (Manjón & G. Moreno) Boidin & H. Michel Aphanobasidium gaspesicum (Liberta) Jülich Aphanobasidium pseudotsugae (Burt) Boidin & Gilles Asterodon ferruginosus Pat. Asterostroma gaillardii Pat. Asterostroma laxum Bres. Genus Abortiporus Murrill Acanthophysellum Parmasto Order Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Acanthophysellum Parmasto Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Albatrellus Gray Albatrellus Gray Albatrellus Gray Albatrellus Gray Aleurobotrys Boidin Aleurocystidiellum P.A. Lemke Aleurocystidiellum P.A. Lemke Aleurodiscus Rabenh. ex J. Schröt Aleurodiscus Rabenh. ex J. Schröt Aleurodiscus Rabenh. ex J. Schröt Alutaceodontia (Parmasto) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Amaurodon J. Schröt. Amphinema P. Karst. Amphinema P. Karst. Amyloathelia Hjortstam & Ryvarden Amylocorticiellum Spirin & Zmitr. Amylocorticiellum Spirin & Zmitr. Amylocorticium Pouzar Amylocorticium Pouzar Amylocorticium Pouzar Amylocorticium Pouzar Amyloporia Bondartsev & Singer Amyloporia Bondartsev & Singer Amylostereum Boidin Amylostereum Boidin Amylostereum Boidin Amyloxenasma (Oberw.) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. Aphanobasidium Jülich Aphanobasidium Jülich Aphanobasidium Jülich Asterodon Pat. Asterostroma Massee Asterostroma Massee Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Hymenochaetales Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Amylocorticiales K.H. Larss., Manfr. Binder & Hibbett Amylocorticiales K.H. Larss., Manfr. Binder & Hibbett Amylocorticiales K.H. Larss., Manfr. Binder & Hibbett Amylocorticiales K.H. Larss., Manfr. Binder & Hibbett Amylocorticiales K.H. Larss., Manfr. Binder & Hibbett Amylocorticiales K.H. Larss., Manfr. Binder & Hibbett Amylocorticiales K.H. Larss., Manfr. Binder & Hibbett Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Amylocorticiales K.H. Larss., Manfr. Binder & Hibbett Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Asterostroma medium (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Massee Athelia acrospora Jülich Athelia arachnoidea (Berk.) Jülich Athelia binucleospora J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Athelia bombacina (Link) Pers. Athelia cystidiolophora Parmasto Athelia decipiens (Höhn. & Litsch.) J. Erikss. Athelia epiphylla Pers. Athelia fibulata M.P. Christ. Athelia pyriformis (M.P. Christ.) Jülich Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) C.C. Tu & Kimbr. Athelia teutoburguensis (Brinkmann) Jülich Atheloderma mirabile Parmasto Athelopsis fusoidea (Jülich) Tellería Athelopsis galzinii (Bresl) Hjortstam Athelopsis glaucina (Bourdot & Galzin) Oberw. ex Parmasto Athelopsis lembospora (Bourdot) Oberw. Athelopsis subinconspicua (Litsch.) Jülich Athelopsis sp. HUBO Auriculariopsis ampla (Lév.) Maire Auriporia aurulenta A. David, Tortic & Jelic Auriscalpium vulgare Gray Basidioradulum radula (Fr.) Nobles Bjerkandera adusta (Willd.) P. Karst. Bjerkandera fumosa (Pers.) P. Karst. Boidinia furfuracea (Bres.) Stalpers & Hjortstam Boletopsis grisea (Peck) Bondartsev & Singer Boletopsis leucomelaena (Pers.) Fayod Bondarzewia mesenterica (Schaeff.) Kreisel Botryobasidium asperulum (D.P. Rogers) Boidin Botryobasidium aureum Parmasto Botryobasidium candicans J. Erikss. Botryobasidium conspersum J. Erikss. Botryobasidium danicum J. Erikss. & Hjortstam Botryobasidium isabellinus (Fr.) D.P. Rogers Botryobasidium laeve (J. Erikss.) Parmasto Botryobasidium medium J. Erikss. Botryobasidium pruinatum (Bres.) J. Erikss. Botryobasidium robustius Pouzar & Hol.-Jech. Botryobasidium sassofratinoense Bernicchia & G. Langer Botryobasidium subcoronatum (Höhn. & Litsch.) Donk Botryobasidium vagum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) D.P. Rogers Brevicellicium exile (H.S. Jacks.) K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Brevicellicium olivascens (Bres.) K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Bulbillomyces farinosus (Bres.) Jülich Byssocorticium atrovirens (Fr.) Bondartsev & Singer Byssomerulius albostramineus (Torrend) Hjortstam Byssomerulius corium (Pers.) Parmasto Byssomerulius hirtellus (Burt) Parmasto Byssomerulius pirottae (Bres.) Hjortstam Byssoporia terrestris (DC.) M.J. Larsen & Zak Campylomyces heimii ((Malençon) Nakasone Ceraceomyces borealis (Romell) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Ceraceomyces eludens K.H. Larss. Ceraceomyces serpens (Tode) Ginns Ceraceomyces sulphurinus (P. Karst.) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Ceraceomyces tessulatus (Cooke) Jülich Ceraceomyces HUBO 7956 Ceratobasidium anceps (Bres. & Syd.) H.S. Jacks. Genus Asterostroma Massee Athelia Pers. Athelia Pers. Athelia Pers. Athelia Pers. Athelia Pers. Athelia Pers. Athelia Pers. Athelia Pers. Athelia Pers. Athelia Pers. Athelia Pers. Atheloderma Parmasto Athelopsis Oberw. ex Parmasto Athelopsis Oberw. ex Parmasto Athelopsis Oberw. ex Parmasto Athelopsis Oberw. ex Parmasto Athelopsis Oberw. ex Parmasto Athelopsis Oberw. ex Parmasto Auriculariopsis Maire Auriporia Ryvarden Auriscalpium Gray Basidioradulum Nobles Bjerkandera P. Karst. Bjerkandera P. Karst. Boidinia Stalpers & Hjortstam Boletopsis Fayod Boletopsis Fayod Bondarzewia Singer Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Brevicellicium K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Brevicellicium K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Bulbillomyces Jülich Byssocorticium Bondartsev & Singer Byssomerulius Parmasto Byssomerulius Parmasto Byssomerulius Parmasto Byssomerulius Parmasto Byssoporia M.J. Larsen & Zak Campylomyces Nakasone Ceraceomyces Jülich Ceraceomyces Jülich Ceraceomyces Jülich Ceraceomyces Jülich Ceraceomyces Jülich Ceraceomyces Jülich Ceratobasidium D.P. Rogers Order Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Hymenochaetales Oberw. Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Polyporales Gäum. Atheliales Jülich Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Gloeophyllales Thorn Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Ceratobasidium cornigerum (Bourdot) D.P. Rogers Ceratobasidium pseudocornigerum M.P. Christ. Ceriporia alachuana (Murrill) Hallenb. Ceriporia alba M. Pieri & B. Rivoire Ceriporia aurantiocarnescens (Henn.) M. Pieri & B. Rivoire Ceriporia camaresiana (Bourdot & Galzin) Bondartsev & Singer Ceriporia davidii (D.A. Reid) M. Pieri & B. Rivoire Ceriporia excelsa (S. Lundell) Parmasto Ceriporia griseoviolascens M. Pieri & B. Rivoire Ceriporia mellita (Berk. & Broome) Ryvarden Ceriporia purpurea (Fr.) Donk Ceriporia reticulata (Hoffm.) Domanski Ceriporia sulphuricolor Bernicchia & Niemelä Ceriporia viridans (Berk. & Broome) Donk Ceriporiopsis consobrina (Bres.) Ryvarden Ceriporiopsis gilvescens (Bres.) Domanski Ceriporiopsis guidella Bernicchia & Ryvarden Ceriporiopsis mucida (Pers.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Ceriporiopsis resinascens (Romell) Domanski Cerrena unicolor (Bull.) Murrill Chaetoderma luna (Romell ex D.P. Rogers & H.S. Jacks.) Parmasto Chaetoporellus latitans (Bourdot & Galzin) Bondartsev & Singer Chondrostereum purpureum (Pers.) Pouzar Cinereomyces lindbladii (Berk.) Jülich Clavulicium macounii (Burt) J. Erikss. & Boidin Climacocystis borealis (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar Coltricia cinnamomea (Jacq.) Murrill Coltricia perennis (L.) Murrill Conferticium ochraceum (Fr.) Hallenb. Conferticium ravum (Burt) Ginns & G.W. Freeman Coniophora arida (Fr.) P. Karst. Coniophora fusispora (Cooke & Ellis) Cooke Coniophora olivacea (Fr.) P. Karst. Coniophora puteana (Schumach.) P. Karst. Conohypha albocremea (Höhn. & Litsch.) Jülich Coriolopsis gallica (Fr.) Ryvarden Coriolopsis trogii (Berk.) Domanski Coronicium gemmiferum (Bourdot & Galzin) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Corticium meridioroseum Boidin & Lanq. Corticium roseum Pers. Cotylidia pannosa (Sowerby) D.A. Reid Cotylidia undulata (Fr.) P. Karst. Cristinia artheniensis Baici & Hjortstam Cristinia eichleri (Bres.) Nakasone Cristinia helvetica (Pers.) Parmasto Cristinia rhenana Grosse-Brauckm Crustoderma corneum (Bourdot & Galzin) Nakasone Crustoderma dryinum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Parmasto Crustoderma longicystidiatum (Litsch.) Nakasone Crustodontia chrysocreas (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Crustomyces expallens (Bres.) Hjortstam Crustomyces subabruptus (Bourdot & Galzin) Jülich Cylindrobasidium laeve (Pers.) Chamuris Cystostereum murrayi (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Pouzar Cytidia salicina (Fr.) Burt Dacryobolus karstenii (Bres.) Oberw. ex Parmasto Dacryobolus sudans (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. Daedalea quercina (L.) Pers. Daedaleopsis confragosa (Bolton) J. Schröt. Genus Ceratobasidium D.P. Rogers Ceratobasidium D.P. Rogers Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporiopsis Domanski Ceriporiopsis Domanski Ceriporiopsis Domanski Ceriporiopsis Domanski Ceriporiopsis Domanski Cerrena Gray Chaetoderma Parmasto Chaetoporellus Bondartsev & Singer Chondrostereum Pouzar Cinereomyces Jülich Clavulicium Boidin Climacocystis Kotl. & Pouzar Coltricia Gray Coltricia Gray Conferticium Hallenb. Conferticium Hallenb. Coniophora DC. Coniophora DC. Coniophora DC. Coniophora DC. Conohypha Jülich Coriolopsis Murrill Coriolopsis Murrill Coronicium J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Corticium Pers. Corticium Pers. Cotylidia P. Karst. Cotylidia P. Karst. Cristinia Parmasto Cristinia Parmasto Cristinia Parmasto Cristinia Parmasto Crustoderma Parmasto Crustoderma Parmasto Crustoderma Parmasto Crustodontia Hjortstam & Ryvarden Crustomyces Jülich Crustomyces Jülich Cylindrobasidium Jülich Cystostereum Pouzar Cytidia Quél. Dacryobolus Fr. Dacryobolus Fr. Daedalea Pers. Daedaleopsis J. Schröt. Order Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Gloeophyllales Thorn Hymenochaetales Oberw. Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Daedaleopsis tricolor (Bull.) Bondartsev & Singer Datronia mollis (Sommerf.) Donk Datronia stereoides (Fr.) Ryvarden Dendrocorticium ionides (Bres.) M.J. Larsen & Gilb. Dendrocorticium polygonioides (P. Karst.) M.J. Larsen & Gilb. Dendrophora versiformis (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Chamuris Dendrothele acerina (Pers.) P.A. Lemke Dendrothele alliacea (Quél.) P.A. Lemke Dendrothele amygdalispora Hjortstam Dendrothele commixta (Höhn. & Litsch.) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Dendrothele dryina (Pers.) P.A. Lemke Dendrothele griseocana (Bres.) Bourdot & Galzin Dendrothele HUBO 8070, 8076, 8080 Dendrothele nivosa (Berk. & M.A. Curtis ex Höhn. & Litsch.) P.A. Lemke Dendrothele tetracornis Boidin & Duhem Dendrothele wojewodae Pouzar Dentipellis fragilis (Pers.) Donk Dichomitus campestris (Quél.) Domanski & Orlicz Dichomitus squalens (P. Karst.) D.A. Reid Dichostereum effuscatum (Cooke & Ellis) Boidin & Lanq. Diplomitoporus flavescens (Bres.) Domanski Duportella malenconii (Boidin & Lanq.) Hjortstam Echinodontium ryvardenii Bernicchia & Piga Erastia salmonicolor (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Niemelä & Kinnunen Erythricium laetum (P. Karst.) J. Erikss. & Hjortstam Favolaschia calocera R. Heim Fibricium gloeocystidiatum Rajchenb. Fibricium rude (P. Karst.) Jülich Fibricium subceraceum (Hallenb.) Bernicchia Fibrodontia gossypina Parmasto Fibroporia bohemica Bernicchia, Vampola & Prodi Fibroporia citrina (Bernicchia & Ryvarden) Bernicchia & Ryvarden Fibroporia gossypium (Speg.) Parmasto Fibroporia vaillantii (DC.) Parmasto Fistulina hepatica (Schaeff.) With. Flagelloscypha minutissima (Burt) Donk Flavophlebia sulphureoisabellina (Litsch.) K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr. Fomitopsis cajanderi (P. Karst.) Kotl. & Pouzar Fomitopsis iberica Melo & Ryvarden Fomitopsis labyrinthica Bernicchia & Ryvarden Fomitopsis officinalis (Batsch) Bondartsev & Singer Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw.) P. Karst. Fomitopsis rosea (Alb. & Schwein.) P. Karst. Fomitopsis spraguei (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Gilb. & Ryvarden Galzinia incrustans (Höhn. & Litsch.) Parmasto Ganoderma adspersum (Schulzer) Donk Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat. Ganoderma carnosum Pat. Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst. Ganoderma pfeifferi Bres. Ganoderma resinaceum Boud. Ganoderma valesiacum Boud. Gelatoporia pannocincta (Romell) Niemelä Gloeocystidiellum clavuligerum (Höhn. & Litsch.) Nakasone Gloeocystidiellum porosum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Donk Gloeodontia columbiensis Burt ex Burds. & Lombard Gloeohypochnicium analogum (Bourdot & Galzin) Hjortstam Gloeophyllum abietinum (Bull.) P. Karst. Genus Daedaleopsis J. Schröt. Datronia Donk Datronia Donk Dendrocorticium M.J. Larsen & Gilb. Dendrocorticium M.J. Larsen & Gilb. Dendrophora (Parmasto) Chamuris Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dentipellis Donk Dichomitus D.A. Reid Dichomitus D.A. Reid Dichostereum Pilát Diplomitoporus Domanski Duportella Pat. Echinodontium Ellis & Everh. Erastia Niemelä & Kinnunen Erythricium J. Erikss. & Hjortstam Favolaschia (Pat.) Pat. Fibricium J. Erikss. Fibricium J. Erikss. Fibricium J. Erikss. Fibrodontia Parmasto Fibroporia Parmasto Fibroporia Parmasto Fibroporia Parmasto Fibroporia Parmasto Fistulina Bull. Flagelloscypha Donk Flavophlebia (Parmasto) K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Fomes (Fr.) Fr. Fomitopsis P. Karst. Fomitopsis P. Karst. Fomitopsis P. Karst. Fomitopsis P. Karst. Fomitopsis P. Karst. Fomitopsis P. Karst. Fomitopsis P. Karst. Galzinia Bourdot Ganoderma P. Karst. Ganoderma P. Karst. Ganoderma P. Karst. Ganoderma P. Karst. Ganoderma P. Karst. Ganoderma P. Karst. Ganoderma P. Karst. Gelatoporia Niemelä Gloeocystidiellum Donk Gloeocystidiellum Donk Gloeodontia Boidin Gloeohypochnicium (Parmasto) Hjortstam Gloeophyllum P. Karst. Order Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Polyporales Gäum. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Agaricales Underw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Gloeophyllales Thorn APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Gloeophyllum odoratum (Wulfen) Imazeki Gloeophyllum protractum (Fr.) Imazeki Gloeophyllum sepiarium (Wulfen) P. Karst. Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers.) Murrill Gloeoporus dichrous (Fr.) Bres. Gloiodon strigosus (Sw.) P. Karst. Gloiothele lactescens (Berk.) Hjortstam Granulobasidium vellereum (Ellis & Cragin) Jülich Grifola frondosa (Dicks.) Gray Gyrodontium sacchari (Spreng.) Hjortstam Gyrophanopsis polonensis (Bres.) Stalpers & Pk. Buchanan Hapalopilus croceus (Pers.) Bondartsev & Singer Hapalopilus nidulans (Fr.) P. Karst. Hastodontia hastata (Litsch.) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Hericium alpestre Pers. Hericium cirrhatum (Pers.) Nikol. Hericium coralloides (Scop.) Pers. Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Pers. Heterobasidion abietinum Niemelä & Korhonen Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. Hexagonia nitida Durieu & Mont. Hjortstamia crassa (Lév.) Boidin & Gilles Hydnocristella himantia (Schwein.) R.H. Petersen Hydnomerulius pinastri (Fr.) Jarosch & Besl Hymenochaete cinnamomea (Pers.) Bres. Hymenochaete corrugata (Fr.) Lév. Hymenochaete cruenta (Pers.) Donk Hymenochaete fuliginosa (Pers.) Lév. Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév. Hymenochaete tabacina (Sowerby) Lév. Hyphoderma antracophilum K.H. Larss. Hyphoderma argillaceum (Bres.) Donk Hyphoderma crassescens Laurila ex. K.H. Larss. nom prov. Hyphoderma cremeoalbum (Höhn. & Litsch.) Jülich Hyphoderma crustulinum (Bres.) Nakasone Hyphoderma cryptocallimon B. de Vries Hyphoderma etruriae Bernicchia Hyphoderma incrustatum K.H. Larss. Hyphoderma litschaueri (Burt) J. Erikss. & Å. Strid Hyphoderma malenconii (Manjón & G. Moreno) Manjón, G. Moreno & Hjortstam Hyphoderma medioburiense (Burt) Donk Hyphoderma multicystidium (Hjortstam & Ryvarden) Hjortstam & Telleria Hyphoderma mutatum (Peck) Donk Hyphoderma nemorale K.H. Larss. Hyphoderma obtusiforme J. Erikss. & Å. Strid Hyphoderma obtusum J. Erikss. Hyphoderma occidentale (D.P. Rogers) Boidin & Gilles Hyphoderma orphanellum (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk Hyphoderma roseocremeum (Bres.) Donk Hyphoderma setigerum (Fr.) Donk Hyphoderma transiens (Bres.) Parmasto Hyphoderma HUBO 5109 Hyphoderma HUBO 8551 Hyphodermella corrugata (Fr.) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Hyphodermella rosae (Bres.) Nakasone Hyphodontia alutaria (Burt) J. Erikss. Hyphodontia arguta (Fr.) J. Erikss. Hyphodontia pallidula (Bres.) J. Erikss. Hyphodontiella multiseptata Å. Strid Genus Gloeophyllum P. Karst. Gloeophyllum P. Karst. Gloeophyllum P. Karst. Gloeophyllum P. Karst. Gloeoporus Mont. Gloiodon P. Karst. Gloiothele Bres. Granulobasidium Jülich Grifola Gray Gyrodontium Pat. Gyrophanopsis Jülich Hapalopilus P. Karst. Hapalopilus P. Karst. Hastodontia (Parmasto) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Hericium Pers. Hericium Pers. Hericium Pers. Hericium Pers. Heterobasidion Bref. Heterobasidion Bref. Hexagonia Fr. Hjortstamia Boidin & Gilles Hydnocristella R.H. Petersen Hydnomerulius Jarosch & Besl Hymenochaete Lév. Hymenochaete Lév. Hymenochaete Lév. Hymenochaete Lév. Hymenochaete Lév. Hymenochaete Lév. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphodermella J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Hyphodermella J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Hyphodontia J. Erikss. Hyphodontia J. Erikss. Hyphodontia J. Erikss. Hyphodontiella Å. Strid Order Gloeophyllales Thorn Gloeophyllales Thorn Gloeophyllales Thorn Gloeophyllales Thorn Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Gomphales Jülich Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Agaricales Underw. APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Hypochnella violacea Auersw. ex J. Schröt. Hypochniciellum ovoideum (Jülich) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Hypochnicium albostramineum (Bres.) Hallenb. Hypochnicium bombycinum (Sommerf.) J. Erikss. Hypochnicium cremicolor (Bres.) H. Nilsson & Hallenb. Hypochnicium erikssonii Hallenb. & Hjortstam Hypochnicium geogenium (Bres.) J. Erikss. Hypochnicium lundellii (Bourdot) J. Erikss. Hypochnicium punctulatum (Cooke) J. Erikss. Hypochnicium wakefieldiae (Bres.) J. Erikss. Inocutis dryophila (Berk.) Fiasson & Niemelä Inocutis rheades (Pers.) Fiasson & Niemelä Inocutis tamaricis (Pat.) Fiasson & Niemelä Inonotus andersonii (Ellis & Everh.) Cerný Inonotus cuticularis (Bull.) P. Karst. Inonotus dryadeus (Pers.) Murrill Inonotus hastifer Pouzar Inonotus hispidus (Bull.) P. Karst. Inonotus nodulosus (Fr.) P. Karst. Inonotus radiatus (Sowerby) P. Karst. Inonotus rickii (Pat.) D.A. Reid Inonotus ulmicola Corfixen Intextomyces contiguus (P. Karst) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Irpex lacteus (Fr.) Fr. Ischnoderma benzoinum (Wahlenb.) P. Karst. Ischnoderma resinosum (Schrad.) P. Karst. Jaapia ochroleuca (Bres.) Nannf. & J. Erikss. Junghuhnia brownei (Humb.) Niemelä Junghuhnia collabens (Fr.) Ryvarden Junghuhnia lacera (P. Karst.) Niemelä & Kinnunen Junghuhnia nitida (Pers.) Ryvarden Junghuhnia semisupiniformis (Murrill) Ryvarden Kavinia alboviridis (Morgan) Gilb. & Budington Kneiffiella abieticola (Bourdot & Galzin) Jülich & Stalpers Kneiffiella barba-jovis (Bull.) P. Karst. Kneiffiella cineracea (Bourdot & Galzin) Jülich & Stalpers Kneiffiella floccosa (Bourdot & Galzin) Jülich & Stalpers Kneiffiella microspora (J. Erikss. & Hjortstam) Jülich & Stalpers Kneiffiella subalutacea (P. Karst.) Jülich & Stalpers Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.) Murrill Lagarobasidium detriticum (Bourdot & Galzin) Jülich Laurilia sulcata (Burt) Pouzar Laxitextum bicolor (Pers.) Lentz Lenzites betulina (L.) Fr. Lenzites warnieri Mont. & Durieu Lenzitopsis oxycedri Malençon & Bertault Leptoporus mollis (Pers.) Quél. Leptosporomyces fuscostratus (Burt) Hjortstam Leptosporomyces galzinii (Bourdot) Jülich Leptosporomyces mutabilis (Bres.) Krieglst. Leptosporomyces raunkiaerii (M.P. Christ.) Jülich Leptosporomyces roseus Jülich Leptosporomyces septentrionalis (J. Erikss.) Krieglst. Leptosporomyces HUBO 7967 Leptosporomyces HUBO 8101 Leucogyrophana mollusca (Fr.) Pouzar Leucogyrophana romellii Ginns Leucogyrophana sororia (Burt) Ginns Lindtneria brevispora Bernicchia & Gorjón Genus Hypochnella J. Schröt. Hypochniciellum Hjortstam & Ryvarden Hypochnicium J. Erikss. Hypochnicium J. Erikss. Hypochnicium J. Erikss. Hypochnicium J. Erikss. Hypochnicium J. Erikss. Hypochnicium J. Erikss. Hypochnicium J. Erikss. Hypochnicium J. Erikss. Inocutis Fiasson & Niemelä Inocutis Fiasson & Niemelä Inocutis Fiasson & Niemelä Inonotus P. Karst. Inonotus P. Karst. Inonotus P. Karst. Inonotus P. Karst. Inonotus P. Karst. Inonotus P. Karst. Inonotus P. Karst. Inonotus P. Karst. Inonotus P. Karst. Intextomyces J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Irpex Fr. Ischnoderma P. Karst. Ischnoderma P. Karst. Jaapia Bres. Junghuhnia Corda Junghuhnia Corda Junghuhnia Corda Junghuhnia Corda Junghuhnia Corda Kavinia Pilát Kneiffiella P. Karst. Kneiffiella P. Karst. Kneiffiella P. Karst. Kneiffiella P. Karst. Kneiffiella P. Karst. Kneiffiella P. Karst. Laetiporus Murrill Lagarobasidium Jülich Laurilia Pouzar Laxitextum Lentz Lenzites Fr. Lenzites Fr. Lenzitopsis Malençon & Bertault Leptoporus Quél. Leptosporomyces Jülich Leptosporomyces Jülich Leptosporomyces Jülich Leptosporomyces Jülich Leptosporomyces Jülich Leptosporomyces Jülich Leptosporomyces Jülich Leptosporomyces Jülich Leucogyrophana Pouzar Leucogyrophana Pouzar Leucogyrophana Pouzar Lindtneria Pilát Order Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Jaapiales Manfr. Binder, K.H. Larss. & Hibbett Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Gomphales Jülich Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Agaricales Underw. APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Lindtneria chordulata (D.P. Rogers) Hjortstam Lindtneria flava Parmasto Lindtneria hydnoidea Bernicchia & Ryvarden Lindtneria leucobryophila (Henn.) Jülich Lindtneria panphyliensis Bernicchia & M.J. Larsen Lindtneria trachyspora (Bourdot & Galzin) Pilát Litschauerella clematitis (Bourdot & Galzin) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Lobulicium occultum K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Loweomyces wynneae (Berk. & Broome) Jülich Lyomyces sambuci (Pers.) (Pers.) P. Karst. Maireina attenuatipilis Bodenst. Megalocystidium leucoxanthum (Bres.) Jülich Megalocystidium luridum (Bres.) Jülich Melzericium bourdotii Jülich Membranomyces delectabilis (H.S. Jacks.) Kotir. & Saaren. Membranomyces spurius (Bourdot) Jülich Meripilus giganteus (Pers.) P. Karst. Merismodes anomalus (Fr.) Donk Merismodes confusa (Bres.) D. A. Reid Meruliopsis taxicola (Pers.) Bondartsev Metulodontia nivea (P. Karst.) Parmasto Mucronella bresadolae (Quél.) Corner Mucronella calva (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. Mucronella flava Corner Muscinupta laevis (Fr.) Redhead, Lücking & Lawrey Neolentiporus squamosellus (Bernicchia & Ryvarden) Bernicchia & Ryvarden Odonticium flavicans (Bresadola) Nakasone Odonticium helgae Hjortstam & Ryvarden Oligoporus balsameus (Peck) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oligoporus caesius (Schrad.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oligoporus cerifluus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oligoporus floriformis (Quél.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oligoporus fragilis (Fr.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oligoporus guttulatus (Peck) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oligoporus hibernicus (Berk. & Broome) Gilb. & Ryvarde Oligoporus inocybe (A. David & Malençon) Ryvarden & Gilb. Oligoporus leucomallellus (Murrill) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oligoporus lowei (Pilát) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oligoporus luteocaesius (A. David) Ryvarden & Gilb. Oligoporus mappa (Overh. & J. Lowe) Gilb. & Ryvarde Oligoporus obductus (Berk.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oligoporus placentus (Fr.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oligoporus ptychogaster (F. Ludw.) Falck & O. Falck Oligoporus rancidus (Bres.) Ryvarden Oligoporus rennyi (Berk. & Broome) Donk Oligoporus septentrionalis Vampola Oligoporus sericeomollis (Romell) M. Bondartseva Oligoporus simanii (Pilát) Bernicchia Oligoporus stipticus (Pers.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oligoporus subcaesius (A. David) Ryvarden & Gilb. Oligoporus tephroleucus (Fr.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oligoporus undosus (Peck) Gilb. & Ryvarden Oliveonia pauxilla (H.S. Jacks.) Donk Onnia tomentosa (Fr.) P. Karst. Oxyporus corticola (Fr.) Ryvarden Oxyporus latemarginatus (Durieu & Mont.) Donk Oxyporus obducens (Pers.) Donk Oxyporus populinus (Schumach.) Donk Pachykytospora tuberculosa (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar Genus Lindtneria Pilát Lindtneria Pilát Lindtneria Pilát Lindtneria Pilát Lindtneria Pilát Lindtneria Pilát Litschauerella Oberw. Lobulicium K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Loweomyces (Kotlába & Pouzar) Jülich Lyomyces P. Karst. Maireina W.B. Cooke Megalocystidium Jülich Megalocystidium Jülich Melzericium Hauerslev Membranomyces Jülich Membranomyces Jülich Meripilus P. Karst. Merismodes Earle Merismodes Earle Meruliopsis Bondartsev Metulodontia Parmasto Mucronella Fr. Mucronella Fr. Mucronella Fr. Muscinupta Redhead, Lücking & Lawrey Neolentiporus Rajchenb. Odonticium Parmasto Odonticium Parmasto Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Oliveonia Donk Onnia P. Karst. Oxyporus (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk Oxyporus (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk Oxyporus (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk Oxyporus (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk Pachykytospora Kotl. & Pouzar Order Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Atheliales Jülich Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Agaricales Underw. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Atheliales Jülich Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Parmastomyces mollissimus (Maire) Pouzar Parvobasidium cretatum (Bourdot & Galzin) Jülich Paullicorticium pearsonii (Bourdot) J. Erikss. Peniophora aurantiaca (Bres.) Bourdot & Galzin Peniophora boidinii D.A. Reid Peniophora cinerea (Pers.) Cooke Peniophora incarnata (Pers.) P. Karst. Peniophora junipericola J. Erikss. Peniophora laeta (Fr.) Donk Peniophora limitata (Chaillet ex Fr.) Cooke Peniophora lycii (Pers.) Höhn. & Litsch. Peniophora meridionalis Boidin Peniophora nuda (Fr.) Bres. Peniophora piceae (Pers.) J. Erikss. Peniophora pilatiana Pouzar & Svrček Peniophora pini (Schleich.) Boidin Peniophora pithya (Pers.) J. Erikss. Peniophora polygonia (Pers.) Bourdot & Galzin Peniophora pseudoversicolor Boidin Peniophora quercina (Pers.) Cooke Peniophora rufomarginata (Pers.) Bourdot & Galzin Peniophora tamaricicola Boidin & Malençon Peniophora versicolor (Bres.) Sacc. & Sydow Peniophora violaceolivida (Sommerf.) Massee Peniophorella clavigera (Bres.) K.H. Larss. Peniophorella echinocystis (J. Erikss. & Å. Strid) K.H. Larss. Peniophorella guttulifera (P. Karst.) K.H. Larss. Peniophorella pallida (Bres.) K.H. Larss. Peniophorella praetermissa (P. Karst.) K.H. Larss. Peniophorella pubera (Fr.) P. Karst. Peniophorella tsugae (Burt) K.H. Larss. Perenniporia fraxinea (Bull.) Ryvarden Perenniporia fulviseda (Bres.) Dhanda Perenniporia medulla-panis (Jacq.) Donk Perenniporia meridionalis Decock & Stalpers Perenniporia narymica (Pilát) Pouzar Perenniporia ochroleuca (Berk.) Ryvarden Perenniporia rosmarini A. David & Malençon Perenniporia subacida (Peck) Donk Phaeolus schweinitzii (Fr.) Pat. Phanerochaete aculeata Hallenb. Phanerochaete avellanea (Bres.) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Phanerochaete calotricha (P. Karst.) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Phanerochaete galactites (Bourdot & Galzin) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Phanerochaete jose-ferreirae (D.A. Reid) D.A. Reid Phanerochaete laevis (Fr.) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Phanerochaete magnoliae (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Burds. Phanerochaete martelliana (Bres.) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Phanerochaete omnivora (Shear) Burds. & Nakasone Phanerochaete parvispora Shen H. Wu & Losi Phanerochaete queletii (Bres.) Nakasone Phanerochaete sanguinea (Fr.) Pouzar Phanerochaete sordida (P. Karst.) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Phanerochaete subquercina (Henn.) Hjortstam Phanerochaete tuberculata (P. Karst.) Parmasto Phanerochaete velutina (DC.) Parmasto Phellinus chrysoloma (Fr.) Donk Phellinus conchatus (Pers.) Quél. Phellinus contiguus (Pers.) Pat. Phellinus erectus A. David, Dequatre & Fiasson Genus Parmastomyces Kotl. & Pouzar Parvobasidium Jülich Paullicorticium J. Erikss. Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophorella P. Karst. Peniophorella P. Karst. Peniophorella P. Karst. Peniophorella P. Karst. Peniophorella P. Karst. Peniophorella P. Karst. Peniophorella P. Karst. Perenniporia Murrill Perenniporia Murrill Perenniporia Murrill Perenniporia Murrill Perenniporia Murrill Perenniporia Murrill Perenniporia Murrill Perenniporia Murrill Phaeolus (Pat.) Pat. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Order Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Cantharellales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Phellinus ferreus (Pers.) Bourdot & Galzin Phellinus ferrugineofuscus (P. Karst.) Bourdot Phellinus ferruginosus (Schrad.) Pat. Phellinus hartigii (Allesch. & Schnabl) Pat. Phellinus hippophaëicola H. Jahn Phellinus igniarius (L.) Quél. Phellinus juniperinus Bernicchia & S. Curreli Phellinus laevigatus (Fr.) Bourdot & Galzin Phellinus lundellii Niemelä Phellinus nigricans (Fr.) P. Karst. Phellinus pilatii Cerný Phellinus populicola Niemelä Phellinus pseudopunctatus A. David, Dequatre & Fiasson Phellinus punctatus (P. Karst.) Pilát Phellinus rhamni (Bondartseva) H. Jahn Phellinus rimosus (Berk.) Pilát Phellinus robustus (P. Karst.) Bourdot & Galzin Phellinus rosmarini Bernicchia Phellinus torulosus (Pers.) Bourdot & Galzin Phellinus tremulae (Bondartsev) Bondartsev & Borisov Phellinus tuberculosus (Baumg.) Niemelä Phlebia albida (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Nakasone Phlebia aurea (Fr.) Nakasone Phlebia bispora (Stalpers) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Phlebia bresadolae Parmasto Phlebia capitata Bernicchia & Gorjón Phlebia centrifuga P. Karst. Phlebia deflectens (P. Karsten) Ryvarden Phlebia fuscoatra (Fr.) Nakasone Phlebia georgica Parmasto Phlebia lilascens (Bourdot) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Phlebia livida (Pers.) Bres. Phlebia nitidula (P. Karst.) Ryvarden Phlebia nothofagi ( C. Cunn.) Nakasone Phlebia queletii (Bourdot & Galzin) M.P. Christ. Phlebia radiata Fr. Phlebia rufa (Pers.) M.P. Christ. Phlebia segregata (Bourdot & Galzin) Parmasto Phlebia subcretacea (Litsch.) M.P. Christ. Phlebia subochracea (Bres.) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Phlebia subserialis (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk Phlebia tremellosa (Schrad.) Nakasone & Burds. Phlebia uda (Fr.) Nakasone Phlebia viridesalebrosa J. Erikss. & Hjortstam Phlebiella ardosiaca (Bourdot & Galzin) K.H. Larss. Phlebiella christiansenii (Parmasto) K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Phlebiella fibrillosa (Hallenb.) K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Phlebiella subflavidogrisea (Litsch.) Oberw. Phlebiella tulasnelloidea (Höhn. & Litsch.) Oberw. Phlebiella vaga (Fr.) P. Karst. Phlebiopsis gigantea (Fr.) Jülich Phlebiopsis ravenelii (Cooke) Hjortstam Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden Physisporinus rivulosus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Ryvarden Physisporinus vitreus (Pers.) P. Karst. Piloderma byssinum (P. Karst.) Jülich Piloderma fallax (Lib.) Stalpers Piloderma lanatum (Jülich) J. Erikss. & Hjortstam Piloporia sajanensis (Parmasto) Niemelä Piptoporus betulinus (Bull.) P. Karst. Genus Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebiella P. Karst. Phlebiella P. Karst. Phlebiella P. Karst. Phlebiella P. Karst. Phlebiella P. Karst. Phlebiella P. Karst. Phlebiopsis Jülich Phlebiopsis Jülich Phylloporia Murrill Physisporinus P. Karst. Physisporinus P. Karst. Piloderma Jülich Piloderma Jülich Piloderma Jülich Piloporia Niemelä Piptoporus P. Karst. Order Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Plicatura crispa (Pers.) Rea Podofomes trogii (Fr.) Pouzar Podoscypha multizonata (Berk. & Broome) Pat. Polyporus alveolaris (DC.) Bondartsev & Singer Polyporus arcularius (Batsch) Fr. Polyporus badius (Pers.) Schwein. Polyporus brumalis (Pers.) Fr. Polyporus ciliatus Fr. Polyporus corylinus Mauri Polyporus melanopus (Pers.) Fr. Polyporus meridionalis (A. David) H. Jahn Polyporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr. Polyporus tuberaster (Jacq. ex Pers.) Fr. Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fr. Polyporus varius (Pers.) Fr. Porodaedalea pini (Brot.) Murrill Porostereum spadiceum (Pers.) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Pseudomerulius aureus (Fr.) Jülich Pseudotomentella flavovirens (Höhn. & Litsch.) Svrček Pseudotomentella griseopergamenacea M.J. Larsen Pseudotomentella mucidula (P. Karst.) Svrček Pseudotomentella tristis (P. Karst.) M.J. Larsen Punctularia strigosozonata (Schwein.) P.H.B. Talbot Pycnoporellus fulgens (Fr.) Donk Pycnoporus cinnabarinus (Jacq.) P. Karst. Radulodon erikssonii Ryvarden Radulomyces confluens (Fr.) M.P. Christ. Radulomyces molaris (Chaillet) M.P. Christ. Radulomyces rickii (Bres.) M.P. Christ. Ramaricium alboochraceum (Bres.) Jülich Repetobasidium mirificum J. Erikss. Repetobasidium vile (Bourdot & Galzin) J. Erikss. Resinicium bicolor (Alb. & Schwein.) Parmasto Resinicium furfuraceum (Bres.) Parmasto Rhizochaete radicata (Henn.) Gresl., Nakasone & Rajchenb. Rigidoporus crocatus (Pat.) Ryvarden Rigidoporus sanguinolentus (Alb. & Schwein.) Donk Rigidoporus ulmarius (Sowerby) Imazeki Rigidoporus undatus (Pers.) Donk Sarcodontia crocea (Schwein.) Kotl. Schizopora flavipora (Berk. & M.A. Curtis ex Cooke) Ryvarden Schizopora paradoxa (Schrad.) Donk Schizopora radula (Pers.) Hallenb. Scopuloides rimosa (Cooke) Jülich Scutiger pes-caprae (Pers.) Bondartsev & Singer Scytinostroma alutum Lanq. Scytinostroma galactinum (Fr.) Donk Scytinostroma hemidichophyticum Pouzar Scytinostroma ochroleucum (Bres. & Torrend) Donk Scytinostroma praestans (H.S. Jacks.) Donk Scytinostromella heterogenea (Bourdot & Galzin) Parmasto Scytinostromella olivaceoalba (Bourdot & Galzin) Ginns & M.N.L. Lefebvre Serpula himantioides (Fr.) P. Karst. Serpula lacrymans (Wulfen) J. Schröt. Sidera lenis (P. Karst.) Miettinen Sidera vulgaris (Fr.) Miettinen Sistotrema brinkmanni (Bres.) J. Erikss. Sistotrema confluens Pers. Sistotrema coroniferum (Höhn. & Litsch.) Donk Genus Plicatura Peck Podofomes Pouzar Podoscypha Pat. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Porodaedalea Murrill Porostereum Pilát Pseudomerulius Jülich Pseudotomentella Svrcek Pseudotomentella Svrcek Pseudotomentella Svrcek Pseudotomentella Svrcek Punctularia Pat. Pycnoporellus Murrill Pycnoporus P. Karst. Radulodon Ryvarden Radulomyces M.P. Christ. Radulomyces M.P. Christ. Radulomyces M.P. Christ. Ramaricium J. Erikss. Repetobasidium J. Erikss. Repetobasidium J. Erikss. Resinicium Parmasto Resinicium Parmasto Rhizochaete Gresl., Nakasone & Rajchenb. Rigidoporus Murrill Rigidoporus Murrill Rigidoporus Murrill Rigidoporus Murrill Sarcodontia Schulzer Schizopora Velen. Schizopora Velen. Schizopora Velen. Scopuloides (Massee) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Scutiger Paulet Scytinostroma Donk Scytinostroma Donk Scytinostroma Donk Scytinostroma Donk Scytinostroma Donk Scytinostromella Parmasto Scytinostromella Parmasto Serpula (Pers.) Gray Serpula (Pers.) Gray Sidera Miettinen & K.H. Larss. Sidera Miettinen & K.H. Larss. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Order Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Gomphales Jülich Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Sistotrema diademiferum (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk Sistotrema efibulatum (J. Erikss.) Hjortstam Sistotrema hispanicum M. Dueñas, Ryvarden & Tellería Sistotrema muscicola (Pers.) S. Lundell Sistotrema oblongisporum M.P. Christ. & Hauerslev Sistotrema octosporum (J. Schröt. ex Höhn. & Litsch.) Hallenb. Sistotrema porulosum Hallenb. Sistotrema resinicystidium Hallenb. Sistotrema sernarderi (Litsch.) Donk Sistotrema suballantosporum Hallenb. Sistotrema subtrigonospermum D.P. Rogers Sistotrema HUBO 8140 Sistotremastrum niveocremeum (Höhn. & Litsch.) J. Erikss. Sistotremastrum suecicum Litsch. ex J. Erikss. Sistotremella hauerslevii Hjortstam Sistotremella perpusilla Hjortstam Skeletocutis alutacea (J. Lowe) Jean Keller Skeletocutis amorpha (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar Skeletocutis carneogrisea A. David Skeletocutis kuehneri A. David Skeletocutis lilacina A. David & Jean Keller Skeletocutis nivea (Jungh.) Jean Keller Skeletocutis odora (Peck ex Sacc.) Ginns Skeletocutis percandida (Malençon & Bertault) Jean Keller Skeletocutis subincarnata (Peck) Jean Keller Skeletocutis sp. (Arras coll.) Sphaerobasidium minutum (J. Erikss.) Oberw. Spongipellis delectans (Peck) Murrill Spongipellis pachyodon (Pers.) Kotl. & Pouzar Spongipellis spumeus (Sowerby) Pat. Steccherinum bourdotii Saliba & A. David Steccherinum fimbriatum (Pers.) J. Erikss. Steccherinum litschaueri (Bourdot & Galzin) J. Erikss. Steccherinum ochraceum (Pers.) Gray, Steccherinum oreophilum Lindsey & Gilb. Steccherinum robustius (J. Erikss. & S. Lundell) J. Erikss. Steccherinum subcrinale (Peck) Ryvarden Stereopsis reidii Losi & Gennari Stereum gausapatum (Fr.) Fr. Stereum hirsutum (Willd.) Pers. Stereum insignitum Quél. Stereum ochraceoflavum (Schwein.) Sacc. Stereum reflexulum D.A. Reid Stereum rugosum Pers. Stereum sanguinolentum (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. Stereum subtomentosum Pouzar Stromatoscypha fimbriata (Pers.) Donk Subulicium lautum (H.S. Jacks.) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Subulicystidium longisporum (Pat.) Parmasto Suillosporium cystidiatum (D.P. Rogers) Pouzar Terana caerulea (Lam.) Kuntze Thanatephorus cucumeris (A.B. Frank) Donk Thanatephorus fusisporus (J. Schröt.) Hauerslev & P. Roberts Thanatephorus ochraceus (Masseee) P. Roberts Thanatephorus sterigmaticus (Bourdot) P.H.B. Talbot Tomentella asperula (P. Karst.) Höhn. & Litsch. Tomentella atramentaria Rostr. Tomentella atroarenicolor Nikol. Tomentella badia (Link) Stalpers Tomentella brevispina (Bourdot & Galzin) M.J. Larsen Genus Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotrema Fr. Sistotremastrum J. Erikss. Sistotremastrum J. Erikss. Sistotremella Hjortstam Sistotremella Hjortstam Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Sphaerobasidium Oberw. Spongipellis Pat. Spongipellis Pat. Spongipellis Pat. Steccherinum Gray Steccherinum Gray Steccherinum Gray Steccherinum Gray Steccherinum Gray Steccherinum Gray Steccherinum Gray Stereopsis D.A. Reid Stereum Hill ex Pers. Stereum Hill ex Pers. Stereum Hill ex Pers. Stereum Hill ex Pers. Stereum Hill ex Pers. Stereum Hill ex Pers. Stereum Hill ex Pers. Stereum Hill ex Pers. Stromatoscypha Donk Subulicium Hjortstam & Ryvarden Subulicystidium Parmasto Suillosporium Pouzar Terana Adans. Thanatephorus Donk Thanatephorus Donk Thanatephorus Donk Thanatephorus Donk Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Order Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Agaricales Underw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Cantharellales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Tomentella bryophila (Pers.) M.J. Larsen Tomentella calcicola (Bourdot & Galzin) M.J. Larsen Tomentella cinereoumbrina (Bres.) Stalpers Tomentella clavigera Litsch. Tomentella coerulea (Bres.) Höhn. & Litsch. Tomentella crinalis (Fr.) M.J. Larsen Tomentella ellisii (Sacc.) Jülich & Stalpers Tomentella ferruginea (Pers.) Pat. Tomentella fibrosa (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Kõljalg Tomentella fuscocinerea (Pers.) Donk Tomentella griseoviolacea Litsch. Tomentella italica (Sacc.) M.J. Larsen Tomentella lapida (Pers.) Stalpers Tomentella lateritia Pat. Tomentella lilacineogrisea Wakef. Tomentella neobourdotii M.J. Larsen Tomentella nitellina Bourdot & Galzin Tomentella oligofibula M.J. Larsen, Beltrán-Tej. & Rodr. Armas Tomentella pilosa (Burt) Bourdot & Galzin Tomentella punicea Alb. & Schwein.) J. Schröt. Tomentella radiosa (P. Karst.) Rick Tomentella stuposa (Link) Stalpers Tomentella subclavigera Litsch. Tomentella sublilacina (Ellis & Holw.) Wakef. Tomentella subtestacea Bourdot & Galzin Tomentella terrestris (Berk. & Broome) M.J. Larsen Tomentella testaceogilva Bourdot & Galzin Tomentella umbrinospora M.J. Larsen Tomentella violaceofusca (Sacc.) M.J. Larsen Tomentellina fibrosa (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Kõljalg Tomentellopsis bresadolana (Sacc. & Trotter) Jülich & Stalpers Tomentellopsis echinospora (Ellis) Hjortstam Tomentellopsis pulchella Kõljalg & Bernicchia Tomentellopsis pusilla Hjortstam Tomentellopsis zygodesmoides (Ellis) Hjortstam Trametes gibbosa (Pers.) Fr. Trametes hirsuta (Wulfen) Pilát Trametes junipericola Manjón, G. Moreno & Ryvarden Trametes ljubarskyi Pilát Trametes ochracea (Pers.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Trametes pubescens (Schumach.) Pilát Trametes suaveolens (L.) Fr. Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd Trechispora alnicola (Bourdot & Galzin) Liberta Trechispora byssinella (Bourdot) Liberta Trechispora canariensis Ryvarden & Liberta Trechispora caucasica (Parmasto) Liberta Trechispora clancularis (Park.-Rhodes) K.H. Larss. Trechispora cohaerens (Schwein.) Jülich & Stalpers Trechispora confinis (Bourdot & Galzin) Liberta Trechispora dimitica Hallenb. Trechispora farinacea (Pers.) Liberta Trechispora fastidiosa (Pers.) Liberta Trechispora hymenocystis (Berk. & Broome) K.H. Larss. Trechispora invisitata (H.S. Jacks.) Liberta Trechispora kavinioides de Vries Trechispora laevis K.H. Larss. Trechispora microspora (P. Karst.) Liberta Trechispora mollusca (Pers.) Liberta Genus Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentellina Höhn. & Litsch. Tomentellopsis Hjortstam Tomentellopsis Hjortstam Tomentellopsis Hjortstam Tomentellopsis Hjortstam Tomentellopsis Hjortstam Trametes Fr. Trametes Fr. Trametes Fr. Trametes Fr. Trametes Fr. Trametes Fr. Trametes Fr. Trametes Fr. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Order Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. APPENDIX A- ITALIAN APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Trechispora nivea (Pers.) K.H. Larss. Trechispora praefocata (Bourdot & Galzin) Liberta, Trechispora silvae-ryae (J. Erikss. & Ryvarden) K.H. Larss. Trechispora stellulata (Bourdot & Galzin) Liberta Trechispora stevensonii (Berk. & Broome) K.H. Larss. Trechispora subsphaerospora (Litsch.) Liberta. Trechispora tenuicola (Litsch.) K.H. Larss. Trechispora verruculosa (G. Cunn.) K.H. Larss. Trichaptum abietinum (Pers. ex J.F. Gmel.) Ryvarden Trichaptum biforme (Fr.) Ryvarden Trichaptum fuscoviolaceum (Ehrenb.) Ryvarden Trichaptum laricinum (P. Karst.) Ryvarden Tubulicium vermiferum (Bourdot) Oberw. ex Jülich Tubulicrinis accedens (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk Tubulicrinis angustus (D.P. Rogers & Weresub) Donk Tubulicrinis borealis J. Erikss. Tubulicrinis calotrix (Pat.) Donk Tubulicrinis chaetophorus (Höhn.) Donk Tubulicrinis confusus K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Tubulicrinis glebulosus (Fr.) Donk Tubulicrinis hirtellus (Bourdot & Galzin) J. Erikss. Tubulicrinis medius (Bourdot & Galzin) Oberw. Tubulicrinis sororius (Bourdot & Galzin) Oberw. Tubulicrinis subulatus (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk Tubulicrinis thermometrus (G. Cunn.) M.P. Christ. Tylospora asterophora (Bonord.) Donk Tylospora fibrillosa (Burt) Donk Tyromyces chioneus (Fr.) P. Karst. Tyromyces fissilis (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Donk Tyromyces kmetii (Bres.) Bondartsev & Singer Vararia gallica (Bourdot & Galzin) Boidin Vararia investiens (Schwein.) P. Karst. Vararia maremmana Bernicchia Vararia ochroleuca (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk Veluticeps abietina (Pers.) Hjortstam & Tellería Vesiculomyces citrinus (Pers.) E. Hagstr. Vuilleminia alni Boidin Lanq. & Gilles Vuilleminia comedens (Nees.) Maire Vuilleminia coryli Boidin, Lanq. & Gilles Vuilleminia cystidiata Parmasto Vuilleminia macrospora (Bres.)Hjortstam Vuilleminia megalospora Bres. Vuilleminia pseudocystidiata Boidin, Lanq. & Gilles Xanthoporus syringae (Parmasto) Audet Xenasma pruinosum (Pat.) Donk Xenasma pulverulentum (Litsch.) Donk Xylobolus frustulatus (Pers.) Boidin Xylobolus subpileatus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Boidin Xylodon asperus (Fr.) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Xylodon borealis (Kotir. & Saaren.) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Xylodon brevisetus (P. Karst.) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Xylodon bugellensis (Ces.) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Xylodon crustosus (Pers.) Chevall. Xylodon juniperi (Bourdot & Galzin) J. Erikss. & Hjortstam Xylodon nespori (Bres.) J. Erikss. & Hjortstam Xylodon nudisetus (Warcup & P.H.B. Talbot) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Xylodon pruni (Lasch) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Xylodon quercinus (Pers.) Gray Xylodon rimosissimus (Peck) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Xylodon spathulatus (Schrad.) Kuntze Genus Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trichaptum Murrill Trichaptum Murrill Trichaptum Murrill Trichaptum Murrill Tubulicium Oberw. Tubulicrinis Donk Tubulicrinis Donk Tubulicrinis Donk Tubulicrinis Donk Tubulicrinis Donk Tubulicrinis Donk Tubulicrinis Donk Tubulicrinis Donk Tubulicrinis Donk Tubulicrinis Donk Tubulicrinis Donk Tubulicrinis Donk Tylospora Donk Tylospora Donk Tyromyces P. Karst. Tyromyces P. Karst. Tyromyces P. Karst. Vararia P. Karst. Vararia P. Karst. Vararia P. Karst. Vararia P. Karst. Veluticeps (Cooke) Pat. Vesiculomyces E. Hagstr. Vuilleminia Maire Vuilleminia Maire Vuilleminia Maire Vuilleminia Maire Vuilleminia Maire Vuilleminia Maire Vuilleminia Maire Xanthoporus Audet Xenasma Donk Xenasma Donk Xylobolus P. Karst. Xylobolus P. Karst. Xylodon (Pers.) Gray Xylodon (Pers.) Gray Xylodon (Pers.) Gray Xylodon (Pers.) Gray Xylodon (Pers.) Gray Xylodon (Pers.) Gray Xylodon (Pers.) Gray Xylodon (Pers.) Gray Xylodon (Pers.) Gray Xylodon (Pers.) Gray Xylodon (Pers.) Gray Xylodon (Pers.) Gray Order Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Atheliales Jülich Atheliales Jülich Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Gloeophyllales Thorn Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Corticiales K.H. Larss. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. APPENDIX B – Number of taxa of Italian wood-decay aphyllophoroid fungi by the most common substrata (highlighted for plant genus) Substrata Abies alba L. Acer spp. Alnus cordata (Loisel.) Desf. Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertner Alnus incana (L.) Moench Alnus viridis (Chaix) DC. Alnus spp. Arbutus unedo L. Carpinus spp. Castanea sativa Miller Crataegus spp. Fagus sylvatica L. Ferns Fraxinus spp. Ilex aquifolium L. Juniperus communis L. Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. macrocarpa (S. et S.) Ball Juniperus nana Willd. Juniperus phoenicea L. Juniperus spp. Phyllirea spp. Picea abies (L.) Karsten Pinus cembra L. Pinus halepensis Miller Pinus laricio Poiret Pinus mugo Turra Pinus nigra Arnold Pinus pinaster Aiton Pinus pinea L. Pinus radiata Don Pinus strobus L. Pinus sylvestris L. Pinus spp. Pistacia spp. Populus alba L. Populus nigra L. Populus tremula Populus spp. Quercus cerris L. Quercus coccifera L. Quercus ilex L. Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl. Quercus pubescens Willd. Quercus robur L. Quercus suber L. Quercus spp. Salix alba L. Salix caprea L. Salix spp. Taxus baccata L. Ulmus glabra Hudson Ulmus minor Miller Ulmus spp. N. of taxa 210 27 3 31 21 13 69 55 56 70 14 186 20 38 11 45 59 20 7 38 115 31 170 3 13 54 2 92 17 149 12 1 36 238 32 105 23 11 124 57 3 180 3 42 105 38 267 13 40 64 35 44 25 67 APPENDIX C- NON APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Achroomyces effusus (J. Schröt.) Mig. Agrocybe cylindracea (DC.) Maire Agrocybe firma (Peck) Singer Armillaria borealis Marxm. & Korhonen Armillaria cepistipes Velen. Armillaria gallica Marxm. & Romagn. Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm. Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink Armillaria pseudobulbosa (Romagn. & Marxm.) Arnolds & Termorshuizen Armillaria tabescens (Scop.) Emel. Arrhenia acerosa (Fr.) Kühner Arrhenia epichysium (Pers.) Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & Vilgalys Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél. Auricularia mesenterica (Dicks.) Pers. Auriculariopsis ampla (Lév.) Maire Baeospora myosura (Fr.) Singer Baeospora myriadophylla (Peck) Singer Basidiodendron caesiocinereum (Höhn. & Litsch.) Luck-Allen Basidiodendron cinereum (Bres.) Luck-Allen Basidiodendron deminutum (Bourdot) Luck-Allen Basidiodendron eyrei (Wakef.) Luck-Allen Basidiodendron rimosum (H.S. Jacks. & G.W. Martin) Luck-Allen Bolbitius reticulatus (Pers.) Ricken Buchwaldoboletus hemichrysus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Pilát Buchwaldoboletus lignicola (Kallenb.) Pilát Calacogloea peniophorae Oberw. & Bandoni Callistosporium luteo-olivaceum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer Callistosporium luteoolivaceum var. minor Bon Calocera cornea (Batsch) Fr. Calocera furcata (Fr.) Quél.. Calocera viscosa (Pers.) Fr. Cerinomyces crustulinus (Bourdot & Galzin) G.W. Martin Chaetocalathus craterellus (Durieu & Lév.) Singer Cheimonophyllum candidissimum (Berk. & Curt.) Singer Chromosera cyanophylla (Fr.) Redhead, Ammirati & Norvell Chrysomphalina chrysophylla (Fr.) Clémençon Chrysomphalina strombodes (Berk. & Mont.) Clémençon Clavicorona taxophila (Thom) Doty Cleistocybe pleurotoides (J. Favre) Vizzini Clitocybe subbulbipes Murrill Clitocybe truncicola (Peck) Sacc. Clitocybula lacerata (Scop.) Singer Clitopilus hobsonii (Berk. & Broome) P.D. Orton Clitopilus rhodophyllus (Bres.) Singer Coprinellus angulatus (Peck) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Coprinellus disseminatus (Pers.) J.E. Lange Coprinellus domesticus (Bolton) Vilgalys, Hopple & Jacq. Johnson Coprinellus ellisii (P.D. Orton) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Coprinellus micaceus (Bull.) Vilgalys, Hopple & Jacq. Johnson Coprinellus radians (Desm.) Vilgalys, Hopple & Jacq. Johnson Coprinellus truncorum (Scop.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Coprinellus xanthothrix (Romagn.) Vilgalys, Hopple & Jacq. Johnson Coprinopsis episcopalis (P.D. Orton) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Coprinopsis erythrocephala (Lév.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Coprinopsis laanii (Kits van Wav.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Coprinopsis lagopides (P. Karst.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Order Platygloeoales R.T. Moore Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Agaricales Underw. Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Platygloeoales R.T. Moore Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Dacrymycetales Lindau Dacrymycetales Lindau Dacrymycetales Lindau Dacrymycetales Lindau Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Family Platygloeaceae Racib. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Physalacriaceae Corner Physalacriaceae Corner Physalacriaceae Corner Physalacriaceae Corner Physalacriaceae Corner Physalacriaceae Corner Physalacriaceae Corner Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Auriculariaceae Fr. ex Lindau Auriculariaceae Fr. ex Lindau Schizophyllaceae Quél. Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Bolbitiaceae Singer Boletaceae Chevall. Boletaceae Chevall. Achroomyces Bonord. Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Cerinomycetaceae Jülich Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Cyphellaceae Lotsy Hygrophoraceae Lotsy Hygrophoraceae Lotsy Hygrophoraceae Lotsy Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Entolomataceae Kotl. & Pouzar Entolomataceae Kotl. & Pouzar Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Genus Achroomyces Bonord. Agrocybe Fayod Agrocybe Fayod Armillaria (Fr.) Staude Armillaria (Fr.) Staude Armillaria (Fr.) Staude Armillaria (Fr.) Staude Armillaria (Fr.) Staude Armillaria (Fr.) Staude Armillaria (Fr.) Staude Arrhenia Fr. Arrhenia Fr. Auricularia Bull. ex Juss. Auricularia Bull. ex Juss. Auriculariopsis Maire Baeospora Singer Baeospora Singer Basidiodendron Rick Basidiodendron Rick Basidiodendron Rick Basidiodendron Rick Basidiodendron Rick Bolbitius Fr. Buchwaldoboletus Pilát Buchwaldoboletus Pilát Calacogloea Oberw. & Bandoni Callistosporium Singer Callistosporium Singer Calocera (Fr.) Fr. Calocera (Fr.) Fr. Calocera (Fr.) Fr. Cerinomyces G.W. Martin Chaetocalathus Singer Cheimonophyllum Singer Chromosera Redhead, Ammirati & Norvell Chrysomphalina Clémençon Chrysomphalina Clémençon Clavicorona Doty Cleistocybe Ammirati, A.D. Parker & Matheny Clitocybe (Fr.) Staude Clitocybe (Fr.) Staude Clitocybula (Singer) Singer ex Métrod Clitopilus (Fr. ex Rabenh.) P. Kumm. Clitopilus (Fr. ex Rabenh.) P. Kumm. Coprinellus P. Karst. Coprinellus P. Karst. Coprinellus P. Karst. Coprinellus P. Karst. Coprinellus P. Karst. Coprinellus P. Karst. Coprinellus P. Karst. Coprinellus P. Karst. Coprinopsis P. Karst. Coprinopsis P. Karst. Coprinopsis P. Karst. Coprinopsis P. Karst. APPENDIX C- NON APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Coprinus extinctorius (Bull.) Fr. Coprinus strossmayeri Schulzer Crepidotus applanatus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Crepidotus autochthonus J.E. Lange Crepidotus calolepis (Fr.) P. Karst. Crepidotus caspari Velen. Crepidotus cesatii (Rabenh.) Sacc. Crepidotus cinnabarinus Peck Crepidotus crocophyllus (Berk.) Sacc. Crepidotus epibryus (Fr.) Quél. Crepidotus eucalyptinus Maire & Malençon Crepidotus lundellii Pilát Crepidotus luteolus Sacc. Crepidotus mollis (Schaeff.) Staude Crepidotus roseoornatus Pöder & E. Ferrari Crepidotus subverrucisporus Pilát Crepidotus variabilis (Pers.) P. Kumm. Crepidotus versutus (Peck) Sacc. Crinipellis pedemontana A. Vizzini, Antonín & Noordel. Crinipellis sardoa Candusso Crinipellis scabella (Alb. & Schwein.) Murrill Crucibulum crucibuliforme (Scop.) V.S. White Cyathus olla (Batsch) Pers. Cyathus striatus (Huds.) Willd. Cyphellopsis confusa (Bres. ) D.A. Reid Cystoderma subvinaceum A.H. Sm. Dacrymyces capitatus Schwein. Dacrymyces chrysocomus (Bull.) Tul. Dacrymyces chrysospermus Berk. & M.A. Curtis Dacrymyces lacrymalis (Pers.) Sommerf. Dacrymyces macnabbii D.A. Reid Dacrymyces minor Peck Dacrymyces ovisporus Bref. Dacrymyces stillatus Nees Dacrymyces variisporus McNabb Delicatula integrella (Pers.) Fayod Eichleriella deglubens (Berk. & Broome) Lloyd Entoloma byssisedum (Pers.) Donk Entoloma dichroum (Pers.) P. Kumm. Entoloma euchroum (Pers.) Donk Entoloma tjallingiorum Noordel. Exidia enucleata (Schwein.) Burt Exidia glandulosa (Bull.) Fr. Exidia nigricans (With.) P. Roberts Exidia pithya Fr. Exidia recisa (Ditmar) Fr. Exidia repanda Fr. Exidia saccharina Fr. Exidia thuretiana (Lév.) Fr. Exidia truncata Fr. Exidia umbrinella Bres. Exidiopsis calcea (Pers.) K. Wells Exidiopsis effusa Bref. Exidiopsis galzinii (Bres.) Killerm. Exidiopsis grisea (Bres.) Bourdot & Maire Exidiopsis umbrina (D.P. Rogers) Wojewoda Order Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Dacrymycetales Lindau Dacrymycetales Lindau Dacrymycetales Lindau Dacrymycetales Lindau Dacrymycetales Lindau Dacrymycetales Lindau Dacrymycetales Lindau Dacrymycetales Lindau Dacrymycetales Lindau Agaricales Underw. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Family Coprinaceae Overeem & Weese Coprinaceae Overeem & Weese Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Agaricaceae Chevall. Agaricaceae Chevall. Agaricaceae Chevall. Niaceae Jülich Agaricaceae Chevall. Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Entolomataceae Kotl. & Pouzar Entolomataceae Kotl. & Pouzar Entolomataceae Kotl. & Pouzar Entolomataceae Kotl. & Pouzar Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Genus Coprinus Pers. Coprinus Pers. Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crinipellis Pat. Crinipellis Pat. Crinipellis Pat. Crucibulum Tul. & C. Tul. Cyathus Haller Cyathus Haller Cyphellopsis Donk Cystoderma Fayod Dacrymyces Nees Dacrymyces Nees Dacrymyces Nees Dacrymyces Nees Dacrymyces Nees Dacrymyces Nees Dacrymyces Nees Dacrymyces Nees Dacrymyces Nees Delicatula Fayod Eichleriella Bres. Entoloma (Fr.) P. Kumm. Entoloma (Fr.) P. Kumm. Entoloma (Fr.) P. Kumm. Entoloma (Fr.) P. Kumm. Exidia Fr. Exidia Fr. Exidia Fr. Exidia Fr. Exidia Fr. Exidia Fr. Exidia Fr. Exidia Fr. Exidia Fr. Exidia Fr. Exidiopsis (Bref.) A. Møller Exidiopsis (Bref.) A. Møller Exidiopsis (Bref.) A. Møller Exidiopsis (Bref.) A. Møller Exidiopsis (Bref.) A. Møller APPENDIX C- NON APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Exobasidium japonicum Shirai Exobasidium rhododendri (Fuckel) C.E. Cramer Exobasidium vaccinii (Fuckel) Woronin Faerberia carbonaria (Alb. & Schwein.) Pouzar Filobasidiella lutea P. Roberts Flammulaster carpophilus (Fr.) Earle Flammulaster ferrugineus (Maire ex Kühner) Watling Flammulaster gracilis (Quél.) Watling Flammulaster granulosus (J.E. Lange) Watling Flammulaster limulatus (Fr.) Watling Flammulaster muricatus (Fr.) Watling Flammulaster saliciphilus (J. Favre) Watling Flammulina fennae Bas Flammulina velutipes (Curtis) Singer Galerina autumnalis (Peck) A.H. Sm. & Singer Galerina badipes (Pers.) Kühner Galerina marginata (Batsch) Kühner Galerina stylifera (G.F. Atk.) A.H. Sm. & Singer Galerina triscopa (Fr.) Kühner Galerina uncialis (Britzelm.) Kühner Gloeotromera alba (Lloyd) Ervin Guepinia helvelloides (DC.) Fr. Guepiniopsis buccina (Pers.) L.L. Kenn. Gymnopilus bellulus (Peck) Murrill Gymnopilus josserandii Antonín Gymnopilus junonius (Fr.) P.D. Orton Gymnopilus maritimus Contu, Guzm., Dáv., A. Ortega & Vizzini Gymnopilus microsporus (Singer) Singer Gymnopilus picreus (Pers.) P. Karst. Gymnopilus purpureosquamulosus Høil. Gymnopilus sapineus (Fr.) Maire Gymnopilus stabilis (Weinm.) Kühner & Romagn. Gymnopilus suberis (Maire) Singer Gymnopus androsaceus (L.) J.L. Mata & R.H. Petersen Gymnopus brassicolens (Romagn.) Antonín & Noordel. Gymnopus erythropus (Pers.) Antonín, Halling & Noordel. Gymnopus foetidus (Sowerby) J.L. Mata & R.H. Petersen Gymnopus fusipes (Bull.) Gray Gymnopus inexpectatus Consiglio, Vizzini, Antonín & Contu Gymnopus inodorus (Pat.) Antonín & Noordel. Gymnopus peronatus (Bolton) Gray Gymnopus vernus (Ryman) Antonín & Noordel. Haasiella venustissima (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar Helicobasidium longisporum Wakef. Helicobasidium purpureum (Tul.) Pat. Helicogloea farinacea (Höhn.) D.P. Rogers Helicogloea lagerheimii Pat. Heliocybe sulcata (Berk.) Redhead & Ginns Hemipholiota heteroclita (Fr.) Bon Hemipholiota populnea (Pers.) Bon Hemistropharia albocrenulata (Peck) Jacobsson & E. Larss. Henningsomyces candidus (Pers.) Kuntze Hohenbuehelia angustata (Berk.) Singer Hohenbuehelia atrocoerulea (Fr.) Singer Hohenbuehelia chevalieri (Pat.) Pegler Hohenbuehelia cyphelliformis (Berk.) O.K. Mill. Order Exobasidiales Henn. Exobasidiales Henn. Exobasidiales Henn. Polyporales Gäum. Tremellales Fr. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Dacrymycetales Lindau Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Platygloeoales R.T. Moore Platygloeoales R.T. Moore Platygloeoales R.T. Moore Platygloeoales R.T. Moore Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Family Exobasidiaceae J. Schröt. Exobasidiaceae J. Schröt. Exobasidiaceae J. Schröt. Polyporaceae Corda Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Physalacriaceae Corner Physalacriaceae Corner Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Dacrymycetaceae Bref. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Helicobasidiaceae P.M. Kirk Helicobasidiaceae P.M. Kirk Platygloeaceae Racib. Platygloeaceae Racib. Polyporaceae Corda Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Schizophyllaceae Quél. Pleurotaceae Kühner Pleurotaceae Kühner Pleurotaceae Kühner Pleurotaceae Kühner Genus Exobasidium Woronin Exobasidium Woronin Exobasidium Woronin Faerberia Pouzar Filobasidiella Kwon-Chung Flammulaster Earle Flammulaster Earle Flammulaster Earle Flammulaster Earle Flammulaster Earle Flammulaster Earle Flammulaster Earle Flammulina P. Karst. Flammulina P. Karst. Galerina Earle Galerina Earle Galerina Earle Galerina Earle Galerina Earle Galerina Earle Gloeotromera Ervin Guepinia Fr. Guepiniopsis Pat. Gymnopilus P. Karst. Gymnopilus P. Karst. Gymnopilus P. Karst. Gymnopilus P. Karst. Gymnopilus P. Karst. Gymnopilus P. Karst. Gymnopilus P. Karst. Gymnopilus P. Karst. Gymnopilus P. Karst. Gymnopilus P. Karst. Gymnopus (Pers.) Roussel Gymnopus (Pers.) Roussel Gymnopus (Pers.) Roussel Gymnopus (Pers.) Roussel Gymnopus (Pers.) Roussel Gymnopus (Pers.) Roussel Gymnopus (Pers.) Roussel Gymnopus (Pers.) Roussel Gymnopus (Pers.) Roussel Haasiella Kotl. & Pouzar Helicobasidium Pat. Helicobasidium Pat. Helicogloea Pat. Helicogloea Pat. Heliocybe Redhead & Ginns Hemipholiota (Singer) Kühner ex Bon Hemipholiota (Singer) Kühner ex Bon Hemistropharia Jacobsson & E. Larss. Henningsomyces Kuntze Hohenbuehelia Schulzer Hohenbuehelia Schulzer Hohenbuehelia Schulzer Hohenbuehelia Schulzer APPENDIX C- NON APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Hohenbuehelia mastrucata (Fr.) Singer Hohenbuehelia reniformis (G. Mey.) Singer Hohenbuehelia unguicularis (Fr.) O.K. Mill. Hydropus atramentosus (Kalchbr.) Kotl. & Pouzar Hydropus floccipes (Fr.) Singer Hydropus marginellus (Pers.) Singer Hydropus pseudotenax (A.H. Sm.) Esteve-Rav. & A. Ortega Hydropus scabripes (Murrill) Singer Hydropus subalpinus (Höhn.) Singer Hydropus trichoderma (Joss.) Singer Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca (Wulfen) Maire Hygrophoropsis morganii (Peck) H.E. Bigelow Hygrophoropsis ochraceolutea Contu & Bon Hygrophoropsis pallida (Peck) Kreisel Hypholoma capnoides (Fr.) P. Kumm. Hypholoma fasciculare var. pusillum J.E. Lange Hypholoma fasciculare (Huds.) P. Kumm. Hypholoma lateritium (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Hypholoma marginatum J. Schröt. Hypholoma radicosum J.E. Lange Hypsizygus ulmarius (Bull.) Redhead Kuehneromyces lignicola (Peck) Redhead Kuehneromyces mutabilis (Schaeff.) Singer & A.H. Sm. Lachnella alboviolascens (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. Lacrymaria lacrymabunda (Bull.) Pat. Lentinellus bissus (Quél.) Kühner & Maire f. queletii P.-A. Moreau & P. Roux Lentinellus castoreus (Fr.) Kühner & Maire Lentinellus cochleatus var. inolens (Konrad & Maubl.) Kühner & Romagn. Lentinellus cochleatus (Pers.) P. Karst. var. cochleatus Lentinellus flabelliformis (Bolton : Fr.) S. Ito Lentinellus micheneri (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Pegler Lentinellus ursinus (Fr.) Kühner Lentinellus vulpinus (Sowerby) Kühner & Maire Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler Lentinus strigosus Fr. Lentinus suavissimus Fr. Lentinus tigrinus (Bull.) Fr. Leucoagaricus americanus (Peck) Vellinga Leucoinocybe lenta (Maire) Singer Lichenomphalia umbellifera (L.) Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & Vilgalys Lichenomphalia velutina (Quél.) Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & Vilgalys Lycoperdon pyriforme Schaeff. Macrotyphula filiformis (Bull.) Paechn. Macrotyphula fistulosa (Holmsk.) R.H. Petersen Marasmiellus candidus (Bolton) Singer Marasmiellus corsicus Noordel., Antonín & P.-A. Moreau Marasmiellus lateralis Bas & Noordel. Marasmiellus omphaliiformis (Kühner) Noordel. Marasmiellus phaeomarasmioides G. Moreno, Heykoop, Esteve-Rav. & E. Horak Marasmiellus pseudoramealis (Hauskn. & Noordel.) Hauskn. & Noordel. Marasmiellus ramealis (Bull.) Singer Marasmiellus trabutii (Maire) Singer Marasmiellus tricolor (Alb. & Schwein.) Singer Marasmiellus vaillantii (Pers.) Singer Marasmiellus virgatocutis Robich, Esteve-Rav. & G. Moreno Marasmius rotula (Scop.) Fr. Order Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Family Pleurotaceae Kühner Pleurotaceae Kühner Pleurotaceae Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Hygrophoropsidaceae Kühner Hygrophoropsidaceae Kühner Hygrophoropsidaceae Kühner Hygrophoropsidaceae Kühner Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Lyophyllaceae Jülich Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Niaceae Jülich Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Auriscalpiaceae Maas Geest. Auriscalpiaceae Maas Geest. Auriscalpiaceae Maas Geest. Auriscalpiaceae Maas Geest. Auriscalpiaceae Maas Geest. Auriscalpiaceae Maas Geest. Auriscalpiaceae Maas Geest. Auriscalpiaceae Maas Geest. Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Polyporaceae Corda Polyporaceae Corda Polyporaceae Corda Agaricaceae Chevall. Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Hygrophoraceae Lotsy Hygrophoraceae Lotsy Agaricaceae Chevall. Typhulaceae Jülich Typhulaceae Jülich Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Genus Hohenbuehelia Schulzer Hohenbuehelia Schulzer Hohenbuehelia Schulzer Hydropus Kühner ex Singer Hydropus Kühner ex Singer Hydropus Kühner ex Singer Hydropus Kühner ex Singer Hydropus Kühner ex Singer Hydropus Kühner ex Singer Hydropus Kühner ex Singer Hygrophoropsis (J. Schröt.) Maire ex Martin-Sans Hygrophoropsis (J. Schröt.) Maire ex Martin-Sans Hygrophoropsis (J. Schröt.) Maire ex Martin-Sans Hygrophoropsis (J. Schröt.) Maire ex Martin-Sans Hypholoma (Fr.) P. Kumm. Hypholoma (Fr.) P. Kumm. Hypholoma (Fr.) P. Kumm. Hypholoma (Fr.) P. Kumm. Hypholoma (Fr.) P. Kumm. Hypholoma (Fr.) P. Kumm. Hypsizygus Singer Kuehneromyces Singer & A.H. Sm. Kuehneromyces Singer & A.H. Sm. Lachnella Fr. Lacrymaria Pat. Lentinellus P. Karst. Lentinellus P. Karst. Lentinellus P. Karst. Lentinellus P. Karst. Lentinellus P. Karst. Lentinellus P. Karst. Lentinellus P. Karst. Lentinellus P. Karst. Lentinula Earle Lentinus Fr. Lentinus Fr. Lentinus Fr. Leucoagaricus Locq. ex Singer Leucoinocybe Singer Lichenomphalia Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & Vilgalys Lichenomphalia Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & Vilgalys Lycoperdon Pers. Macrotyphula R.H. Petersen Macrotyphula R.H. Petersen Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmius Fr. APPENDIX C- NON APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Marasmius scorodonius (Fr.) Fr. Marasmius subalpinus P.A. Moreau Marasmius undatus (Berk.) Fr. Marasmius ventalloi Singer Megacollybia platyphylla (Pers.) Kotl. & Pouzar Melanophyllum haematospermum (Bull.) Kreisel Meottomyces dissimulans (Berk. & Broome) Vizzini Morganella subincarnata (Peck) Kreisel & Dring Multiclavula mucida (Pers.) R.H. Petersen Mycena abramsii (Murrill) Murrill Mycena acicula (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Mycena adscendens (Lasch) Maas Geest. Mycena alba (Bres.) Kühner Mycena albidorosea Robich Mycena algeriensis Maire Mycena alnetorum J. Favre Mycena amicta (Fr.) Quél. Mycena arcangeliana Bres. Mycena atrochalybaea Huijsman Mycena atrovinosa Robich Mycena bresadolana Robich & Neville Mycena clavicularis (Fr.) Gillet Mycena corynephora Maas Geest. Mycena crocata (Schrad.) P. Kumm. Mycena cupressina Antonín & Maas Geest. Mycena cyanorhiza Quél. Mycena epipterygia (Scop.) Gray Mycena epipterygia var. atroviscosa Malençon Mycena epipterygia var. candida (Weinm.) Bon & P. Roux Mycena epipterygia var. lignicola A.H. Sm. Mycena epipterygia var. viscosa (Maire) Ricken Mycena epipterygioides A. Pearson Mycena erubescens Höhn. Mycena flos-nivium Kühner Mycena font-queri Maire Mycena galericulata (Scop.) Gray Mycena haematopus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Mycena hiemalis (Osbeck) Quél. Mycena inclinata f. albopilea Derbsch & J.Aug. Schmitt ex Robich & Consiglio Mycena inclinata (Fr.) Quél. Mycena juniperina Aronsen Mycena levigata Gillet Mycena maculata P. Karst. Mycena meliigena (Berk. & Cooke) Sacc. Mycena niveipes (Murrill) Murrill Mycena olida Bres. Mycena plumipes (Kalchbr.) P.-A. Moreau Mycena polygramma (Bull.) Gray Mycena pseudocorticola Kühner Mycena purpureofusca (Peck) Sacc. Mycena renati Quél. Mycena romagnesiana Maas Geest. Mycena rorida (Scop.) Quél. Mycena rubromarginata (Fr.) P. Kumm. Mycena sanguinolenta (Alb. & Schwein.) P. Kumm. Mycena seynii Quél. Order Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Cantharellales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Family Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Agaricaceae Chevall. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Agaricaceae Chevall. Clavulinaceae Donk Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Genus Marasmius Fr. Marasmius Fr. Marasmius Fr. Marasmius Fr. Megacollybia Kotlába & Pouzar Melanophyllum Velen. Meottomyces Vizzini Morganella Zeller Multiclavula R.H. Petersen Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel APPENDIX C- NON APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Mycena silvae-nigrae Maas Geest. & Schwöbel Mycena speirea f. candida Robich Mycena speirea (Fr.) Gillet f. speirea Mycena speirea f. camptophylla (Berk.) Kühner Mycena stipata Maas Geest. & Schwöbel Mycena strobilicola J. Favre & Kühner Mycena stylobates (Pers.) P. Kumm. Mycena supina (Fr.) P. Kumm. Mycena viridimarginata P. Karst. Neolentinus adhaerens (Alb. & Schwein.) Redhead & Ginns Neolentinus lepideus (Fr.) Redhead & Ginns Neolentinus ponderosus (O.K. Mill.) Redhead & Ginns Neolentinus schaefferi (Weinm.) Redhead & Ginns Nidularia deformis (Willd.) Sw. Omphalina pyxidata (Bull.) Quél. Omphalotus illudens (Schwein.) Bresinsky & Besl Omphalotus olearius (DC.) Singer Ossicaulis lachnopus (Fr.) Contu Ossicaulis lignatilis (Pers.) Redhead & Ginns Oudemansiella mucida (Schrad.) Höhn. Panellus mitis (Pers.) Singer Panellus serotinus (Pers.) Kühner Panellus stipticus (Bull.) P. Karst. Panellus violaceofulvus (Fr.) Singer Panus conchatus (Bull.) Fr. Parasola plicatilis (Curtis) Redhead, Vilgalys & Hopple Phaeomarasmius erinaceus (Fr.) Kühner Phaeomarasmius rimulincola (Rabenh.) P.D. Orton Phaeosolenia inconspicua (Sacc.) Donk Pholiota adiposa (Batsch) P. Kumm. Pholiota albocrenulata (Peck) Sacc. Pholiota alnicola (Fr.) Singer Pholiota astragalina (Fr.) Singer Pholiota aurivella (Batsch) P. Kumm. Pholiota conissans (Fr.) Kuyper & Tjall.-Beuk. Pholiota flammans (Batsch) P. Kumm. Pholiota fusa (Batsch) Singer Pholiota graminis (Quél.) Singer Pholiota gummosa (Lasch) Singer Pholiota henningsii (Bres.) P.D. Orton Pholiota heteroclita (Fr.) Quél. Pholiota highlandensis (Peck) Quadr. Pholiota jahnii Tjall.-Beuk. & Bas Pholiota lenta (Pers.) Singer Pholiota limonella (Peck) Sacc. Pholiota lubrica (Pers.) Singer Pholiota lucifera (Lasch) Quél. Pholiota mixta (Fr.) Kuyper & Tjall.-Beuk. Pholiota scamba (Fr.) M.M. Moser Pholiota spumosa (Fr.) Singer Pholiota squarrosa ((Oeder) P. Kumm. Pholiota subochracea (A.H. Sm.) A.H. Sm. & Hesler Pholiota tubercolosa (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Phyllotopsis nidulans (Pers.) Singer Pleurocybella porrigens (Pers.) Singer Pleuroflammula tuberculosa (Schaeff.) E. Horak Order Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Gloeophyllales Thorn Gloeophyllales Thorn Gloeophyllales Thorn Gloeophyllales Thorn Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Family Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Gloeophyllaceae Jülich Gloeophyllaceae Jülich Gloeophyllaceae Jülich Gloeophyllaceae Jülich Agaricaceae Chevall. Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Lyophyllaceae Jülich Lyophyllaceae Jülich Physalacriaceae Corner Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Mycenaceae Overeem Polyporaceae Corda Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner Inocybaceae Jülich Genus Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Neolentinus Redhead & Ginns Neolentinus Redhead & Ginns Neolentinus Redhead & Ginns Neolentinus Redhead & Ginns Nidularia Fr. & Nordholm Omphalina Quél. Omphalotus Fayod Omphalotus Fayod Ossicaulis Redhead & Ginns Ossicaulis Redhead & Ginns Oudemansiella Speg. Panellus P. Karst. Panellus P. Karst. Panellus P. Karst. Panellus P. Karst. Panus Fr. Parasola Redhead, Vilgalys & Hopple Phaeomarasmius Scherff. Phaeomarasmius Scherff. Phaeosolenia Speg. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Phyllotopsis E.-J. Gilbert & Donk ex Singer Pleurocybella Singer Pleuroflammula Singer APPENDIX C- NON APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Pleurotellus dictyorrhizus (DC.) Kühner Pleurotus calyptratus (Lindblad) Sacc. Pleurotus cornucopiae (Paulet) Rolland Pleurotus dryinus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Pleurotus opuntiae (Durieu & Lév.) Sacc. Pleurotus ostreatus f. suberis (Pat.) Malençon & Bertault. Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél. Pluteus atromarginatus (Konrad) Kühner Pluteus aurantiorugosus (Trog) Sacc. Pluteus cervinus (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Pluteus chrysophaeus (Schaeff.) Quél. Pluteus cinereofuscus J.E. Lange Pluteus diettrichii Bres. Pluteus ephebeus (Fr.) Gillet Pluteus hispidulus (Fr.) Gillet Pluteus inquilinus Romagn. Pluteus insidiosus Vellinga & Schreurs Pluteus leoninus (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Pluteus luctuosus Boud. Pluteus nanus f. griseopus (P.D. Orton) Vellinga Pluteus nanus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Pluteus pallescens P.D. Orton Pluteus pellitus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Pluteus petasatus (Fr.) Gillet Pluteus phlebophorus (Ditmar) P. Kumm. Pluteus plautus (Weinm.) Gillet Pluteus plautus var. terrestris Bres. Pluteus podospileus f. maior Kühner Pluteus podospileus f. minutissimus (Maire) Vellinga Pluteus podospileus Sacc. & Cub. Pluteus poliocnemis Kühner Pluteus pouzarianus Singer Pluteus pseudoroberti M.M. Moser & Stangl Pluteus pusillulus Romagn. Pluteus roberti (Fr.) P. Karst. Pluteus romellii (Britzelm.) Sacc. Pluteus roseipes Höhn. Pluteus salicinus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Pluteus thomsonii (Berk. & Broome) Dennis Pluteus tricuspidatus Velen. Pluteus umbrosus (Pers.) P. Kumm. Protodontia piceicola (Kühner ex Bourdot) G.W. Martin Protomerulius caryae (Schwein.) Ryvarden Psathyrella cernua (Vahl.) G. Hirsch Psathyrella chondroderma (Berk. & Broome) A.H. Sm. Psathyrella corrugis (Pers.) Konrad & Maubl. Psathyrella cotonea (Quél.) Konrad & Maubl. Psathyrella fatua (Fr.) Konrad & Maubl. Psathyrella gossypina (Bull.) A. Pearson & Dennis Psathyrella melanthina (Fr.) Kits van Wav. Psathyrella olympiana A.H. Sm. Psathyrella piluliformis (Bull.) P.D. Orton Psathyrella populina (Britzelm.) Kits van Wav. Psathyrella pygmaea (Bull.) Singer Psathyrella sarcocephala (Fr.) Singer Order Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Family Inocybaceae Jülich Pleurotaceae Kühner Pleurotaceae Kühner Pleurotaceae Kühner Pleurotaceae Kühner Pleurotaceae Kühner Pleurotaceae Kühner Pleurotaceae Kühner Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Genus Pleurotellus Fayod Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Protodontia Höhn. Protomerulius A. Møller Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. APPENDIX C- NON APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Psathyrella spadicea (Schaeff.) Singer Psathyrella spadiceogrisea f. exalbicans (Romagn.) Kits van Wav. Psathyrella spadiceogrisea f. vernalis (J.E. Lange) Kits van Wav. Psathyrella spadiceogrisea (Schaeff.) Maire Psathyrella variata A.H. Sm. Pterula subulata Fr. Ramaria apiculata (Fr.) Donk Ramaria gracilis (Pers.) Quél. Ramaria rubella (Schaeff.) R.H. Petersen Ramaria stricta (Pers.) Quél. Resupinatus applicatus (Batsch) Gray Resupinatus kavinii (Pilát) M.M. Moser Resupinatus poriaeformis (Pers.) Thorn, Moncalvo & Redhead Resupinatus silvanus (Sacc.) Singer Resupinatus trichotis (Pers.) Singer Rhizomarasmius epidryas (Kühner ex A. Ronikier) A. Ronikier and M. Ronikier Rhodotus palmatus (Bull. : Fr.) Maire Scotomyces subviolaceus (Peck) Jülich Sebacina deminuta Bourdot Sebacina dimitica Oberw. Sebacina epigaea Berk. & Broome) Neuhoff Sebacina incrustans (Pers.) Tul. & C. Tul. Septobasidium cavarae Bres. Septobasidium quercinum (Bagl.) Sacc. Serendipita inclusa (Oberw.) P. Roberts Simocybe centunculus (Fr.) P. Karst. Simocybe maritima (Bon) Bon Simocybe rubi (Berk.) Singer Simocybe sumptuosa (P.D. Orton) Singer Sparassis brevipes Krombh. Sparassis crispa (Wulfen) Fr. Sparassis laminosa Fr. Sphaerobolus stellatus Tode : Pers. Strobilurus esculentus var. griseus (Schaeff.) Métrod Strobilurus esculentus (Wulfen) Singer Strobilurus stephanocystis (Hora) Singer Strobilurus tenacellus (Pers.) Singer Stropharia aeruginosa (M.A. Curtis) Quél. Stropharia caerulea Kreisel Stropharia squamosa (Pers.) Quél. Stropharia squamosa var. thrausta (Kalchbr.) Massee Stypella dubbia (Bourdot & Galzin) P. Roberts Stypella grilletii (Boud.) P. Roberts Stypella papillata Möller Stypella vermiformis (Berk. & Broome) D.A. Reid Syzigospora mycetophila (Peck) Ginns Syzigospora pallida (Hauerslev) Ginns Syzigospora tumefaciens (Ginns & Sunhede) Ginns Tapinella atrotomentosa (Batsch) Šutara Tapinella panuoides (Fr.) E.-J. Gilbert Tremella candida Pers. Tremella encephala Willd. Tremella foliacea Pers. Tremella globispora D.A. Reid Tremella juniperina Alb. & Schwein. Tremella mesenterica Schaeff. Order Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Gomphales Jülich Gomphales Jülich Gomphales Jülich Gomphales Jülich Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Cantharellales Gäum. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Septobasidiales Couch ex Donk Septobasidiales Couch ex Donk Auriculariales J. Schröt. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Geastrales K. Hosaka & Castellano Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Auriculariales J. Schröt. Tremellales Fr. Tremellales Fr. Tremellales Fr. Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Tremellales Fr. Tremellales Fr. Tremellales Fr. Tremellales Fr. Tremellales Fr. Tremellales Fr. Family Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo & Redhead Pterulaceae Corner Gomphaceae Donk Gomphaceae Donk Gomphaceae Donk Gomphaceae Donk Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Physalacriaceae Corner Physalacriaceae Corner Ceratobasidiaceae G.W. Martin Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Septobasidiaceae Racib. Septobasidiaceae Racib. Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Inocybaceae Jülich Sparassidaceae Herter Sparassidaceae Herter Sparassidaceae Herter Sphaerobolaceae J. Schröt. Physalacriaceae Corner Physalacriaceae Corner Physalacriaceae Corner Physalacriaceae Corner Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm. Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Exidiaceae R.T. Moore Syzygosporaceae Jülich Syzygosporaceae Jülich Syzygosporaceae Jülich Tapinellaceae C. Hahn Tapinellaceae C. Hahn Tremellaceae Fr. Tremellaceae Fr. Tremellaceae Fr. Tremellaceae Fr. Tremellaceae Fr. Tremellaceae Fr. Genus Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. Pterula Fr. Ramaria (Fr.) Bonord. Ramaria (Fr.) Bonord. Ramaria (Fr.) Bonord. Ramaria (Fr.) Bonord. Resupinatus Gray Resupinatus Gray Resupinatus Gray Resupinatus Gray Resupinatus Gray Rhizomarasmius R.H. Petersen Rhodotus Maire Scotomyces Jülich Sebacina Tul. & C. Tul. Sebacina Tul. & C. Tul. Sebacina Tul. & C. Tul. Sebacina Tul. & C. Tul. Septobasidium Pat. 1892 Septobasidium Pat. 1892 Serendipita P. Roberts Simocybe P. Karst. Simocybe P. Karst. Simocybe P. Karst. Simocybe P. Karst. Sparassis Fr. Sparassis Fr. Sparassis Fr. Sphaerobolus Tode Strobilurus Singer Strobilurus Singer Strobilurus Singer Strobilurus Singer Stropharia (Fr.) Quél. Stropharia (Fr.) Quél. Stropharia (Fr.) Quél. Stropharia (Fr.) Quél. Stypella A. Møller Stypella A. Møller Stypella A. Møller Stypella A. Møller Syzygospora G.W. Martin Syzygospora G.W. Martin Syzygospora G.W. Martin Tapinella E.-J. Gilbert Tapinella E.-J. Gilbert Tremella Pers. Tremella Pers. Tremella Pers. Tremella Pers. Tremella Pers. Tremella Pers. APPENDIX C- NON APHYLLOPHOROID WOOD-DECAY FUNGI Species Tremella moriformis Berk. Tremella mycetophiloides Kobayasi Tremella polyporina D.A. Reid Tremella simplex H.S. Jacks. & G.W. Martin Trichocybe puberula (Kuyper) Vizzini Tricholomopsis decora (Fr.) Singer Tricholomopsis flammula Métrod Tricholomopsis ornata (Fr.) Singer Tricholomopsis rutilans (Schaeff. : Fr.) Singer Tulasnella albida Bourdot & Galzin Tulasnella calospora (Boud.) Juel Tulasnella fuscoviolacea Bres. Tulasnella inclusa (M.P. Christ.) Donk Tulasnella pallida Bres. Tulasnella pinicola Bres. Tulasnella tomaculum P. Roberts Tulasnella violacea (Johan-Olsen) Juel Tulasnella violea (Quél.) Bourdot & Galzin Volvariella bombycina (Schaeff.) Singer Volvariella caesiocincta P.D. Orton Xeromphalina campanella (Batsch) Kühner & Maire Xerula melanotricha Dörfelt Xerula pudens (Pers. : Gray) Singer Order Tremellales Fr. Tremellales Fr. Tremellales Fr. Tremellales Fr. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Family Tremellaceae Fr. Tremellaceae Fr. Tremellaceae Fr. Tremellaceae Fr. Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tricholomataceae R. Heim ex Pouzar Tulasnellaceae Juel Tulasnellaceae Juel Tulasnellaceae Juel Tulasnellaceae Juel Tulasnellaceae Juel Tulasnellaceae Juel Tulasnellaceae Juel Tulasnellaceae Juel Tulasnellaceae Juel Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar Mycenaceae Overeem Physalacriaceae Corner Physalacriaceae Corner Genus Tremella Pers. Tremella Pers. Tremella Pers. Tremella Pers. Trichocybe Vizzini Tricholomopsis Singer Tricholomopsis Singer Tricholomopsis Singer Tricholomopsis Singer Tulasnella J. Schröt. Tulasnella J. Schröt. Tulasnella J. Schröt. Tulasnella J. Schröt. Tulasnella J. Schröt. Tulasnella J. Schröt. Tulasnella J. Schröt. Tulasnella J. Schröt. Tulasnella J. Schröt. Volvariella Speg. Volvariella Speg. Xeromphalina Kühner & Maire Xerula Maire Xerula Maire APPENDIX D-ITALIAN WOOD-DECAY BASIDIOMYCOTA Species Albatrellus cristatus (Schaeff.) Kotl. & Pouzar Aleurocystidiellum disciforme (DC.) Telleria Aleurocystidiellum subcruentatum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) P.A. Lemke Aleurodiscus ilexicola Bernicchia & Ryvarden Amphinema diadema K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam Amyloathelia amylacea (Bourdot & Galzin) Hjortstam & Ryvarden Amylocorticium subincarnatum (Peck) Pouzar Amylocorticium subsulphureum (P. Karst.) Pouzar Antrodia albobrunnea (Romell) Ryvarden Antrodia alpina (Litsch.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Antrodia malicola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Donk Antrodia pulvinascens (Pilát) Niemelä Antrodia sandaliae Bernicchia & Ryvarden Antrodiella fissiliformis (Pilát) Gilb. & Ryvarden Antrodiella ichnusana Bernicchia, Renvall & Arras Aphanobasidium canariense (Manjón & G. Moreno) Boidin & H. Michel Atheloderma mirabile Parmasto Auriporia aurulenta A. David, Tortic & Jelic Baeospora myriadophylla (Peck) Singer Boletopsis grisea (Peck) Bondartsev & Singer Boletopsis leucomelaena (Pers.) Fayod Botryobasidium danicum J. Erikss. & Hjortstam Botryobasidium robustius Pouzar & Hol.-Jech. Buchwaldoboletus lignicola (Kallenb.) Pilát Ceraceomyces sulphurinus (P. Karst.) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Ceriporia alachuana (Murrill) Hallenb. Ceriporia alba M. Pieri & B. Rivoire Ceriporia aurantiocarnescens (Henn.) M. Pieri & B. Rivoire Ceriporia camaresiana (Bourdot & Galzin) Bondartsev & Singer Ceriporia davidii (D.A. Reid) M. Pieri & B. Rivoire Ceriporia herinkii Vampola Ceriporia sulphuricolor Bernicchia & Niemelä Ceriporiopsis guidella Bernicchia & Ryvarden Chaetoporellus latitans (Bourdot & Galzin) Bondartsev & Singer Chromosera cyanophylla (Fr.) Redhead, Ammirati & Norvell Clavulicium macounii (Burt) J. Erikss. & Boidin Clitocybe subbulbipes Murrill Clitocybe truncicola (Peck) Sacc. Clitopilus rhodophyllus (Bres.) Singer Conferticium ravum (Burt) Ginns & G.W. Freeman Coprinopsis episcopalis (P.D. Orton) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Coprinus strossmayeri Schulzer Coronicium gemmiferum (Bourdot & Galzin) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Crepidotus cinnabarinus Peck Crepidotus crocophyllus (Berk.) Sacc. Crepidotus roseoornatus Pöder & E. Ferrari Crinipellis sardoa Candusso Cristinia eichleri (Bres.) Nakasone Crustoderma dryinum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Parmasto Crustoderma longicystidiatum (Litsch.) Nakasone Crustomyces expallens (Bres.) Hjortstam Cystoderma subvinaceum A.H. Sm. Dendrothele amygdalispora Hjortstam Dendrothele dryina (Pers.) P.A. Lemke Dendrothele griseocana (Bres.) Bourdot & Galzin Dentipellis fragilis (Pers.) Donk Dichomitus squalens (P. Karst.) D.A. Reid Genus Albatrellus Gray Aleurocystidiellum P.A. Lemke Aleurocystidiellum P.A. Lemke Aleurodiscus Rabenh. ex J. Schröt Amphinema P. Karst. Amyloathelia Hjortstam & Ryvarden Amylocorticium Pouzar Amylocorticium Pouzar Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodia P. Karst. Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. Antrodiella Ryvarden & I. Johans. Aphanobasidium Jülich Atheloderma Parmasto Auriporia Ryvarden Baeospora Singer Boletopsis Fayod Boletopsis Fayod Botryobasidium Donk Botryobasidium Donk Buchwaldoboletus Pilát Ceraceomyces Jülich Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporia Donk Ceriporiopsis Domanski Chaetoporellus Bondartsev & Singer Chromosera Redhead, Ammirati & Norvell Clavulicium Boidin Clitocybe (Fr.) Staude Clitocybe (Fr.) Staude Clitopilus (Fr. ex Rabenh.) P. Kumm. Conferticium Hallenb. Coprinopsis P. Karst. Coprinus Pers. Coronicium J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crepidotus (Fr.) Staude Crinipellis Pat. Cristinia Parmasto Crustoderma Parmasto Crustoderma Parmasto Crustomyces Jülich Cystoderma Fayod Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dendrothele Höhn. & Litsch. Dentipellis Donk Dichomitus D.A. Reid Order Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Atheliales Jülich Amylocorticiales K.H. Larss., Manfr. Binder & Hibbett Amylocorticiales K.H. Larss., Manfr. Binder & Hibbett Amylocorticiales K.H. Larss., Manfr. Binder & Hibbett Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Agaricales Underw. Cantharell ales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Polyporales Gäum. APPENDIX D-ITALIAN WOOD-DECAY BASIDIOMYCOTA Species Dichostereum effuscatum (Cooke & Ellis) Boidin & Lanq. Echinodontium ryvardenii Bernicchia & Piga Eichleriella deglubens (Berk. & Broome) Lloyd Entoloma tjallingiorum Noordel. Erastia salmonicolor (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Niemelä & Kinnunen Fibrodontia gossypina Parmasto Fibroporia citrina (Bernicchia & Ryvarden) Bernicchia & Ryvarden Flammulaster gracilis (Quél.) Watling Flammulaster muricatus (Fr.) Watling Fomitopsis labyrinthica Bernicchia & Ryvarden Fomitopsis spraguei (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Gilb. & Ryvarden Ganoderma carnosum Pat. Gloeophyllum protractum (Fr.) Imazeki Gymnopilus bellulus (Peck) Murrill Gymnopilus josserandii Antonín Haasiella venustissima (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar Hericium alpestre Pers. Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Pers. Hjortstamia crassa (Lév.) Boidin & Gilles Hohenbuehelia chevalieri (Pat.) Pegler Hohenbuehelia unguicularis (Fr.) O.K. Mill. Hydropus atramentosus (Kalchbr.) Kotl. & Pouzar Hydropus scabripes (Murrill) Singer Hydropus trichoderma (Joss.) Singer Hygrophoropsis morganii (Peck) H.E. Bigelow Hyphoderma etruriae Bernicchia Hyphoderma incrustatum K.H. Larss. Hyphoderma litschaueri (Burt) J. Erikss. & Å. Strid Hyphoderma malenconii (Manjón & G. Moreno) Manjón, G. Moreno & Hjortstam Hyphoderma obtusum J. Erikss. Hyphoderma orphanellum (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk Hypochnella violacea Auersw. ex J. Schröt. Inonotus andersonii (Ellis & Everh.) Cerný Inonotus dryadeus (Pers.) Murrill Inonotus rickii (Pat.) D.A. Reid Inonotus ulmicola Corfixen Junghuhnia collabens (Fr.) Ryvarden Kneiffiella floccosa (Bourdot & Galzin) Jülich & Stalpers Kneiffiella microspora (J. Erikss. & Hjortstam) Jülich & Stalpers Laurilia sulcata (Burt) Pouzar Lentinellus castoreus (Fr.) Kühner & Maire Lentinellus flabelliformis (Bolton : Fr.) S. Ito Lentinus strigosus Fr. Lenzites warnieri Mont. & Durieu Lenzitopsis oxycedri Malençon & Bertault Leucoinocybe lenta (Maire) Singer Lichenomphalia umbellifera (L.) Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & Vilgalys Lindtneria chordulata (D.P. Rogers) Hjortstam Lindtneria flava Parmasto Lindtneria hydnoidea Bernicchia & Ryvarden Lindtneria trachyspora (Bourdot & Galzin) Pilát Marasmiellus lateralis Bas & Noordel. Marasmiellus omphaliiformis (Kühner) Noordel. Marasmius undatus (Berk.) Fr. Membranomyces delectabilis (H.S. Jacks.) Kotir. & Saaren. Membranomyces spurius (Bourdot) Jülich Morganella subincarnata (Peck) Kreisel & Dring Genus Dichostereum Pilát Echinodontium Ellis & Everh. Eichleriella Bres. Entoloma (Fr.) P. Kumm. Erastia Niemelä & Kinnunen Fibrodontia Parmasto Fibroporia Parmasto Flammulaster Earle Flammulaster Earle Fomitopsis P. Karst. Fomitopsis P. Karst. Ganoderma P. Karst. Gloeophyllum P. Karst. Gymnopilus P. Karst. Gymnopilus P. Karst. Haasiella Kotl. & Pouzar Hericium Pers. Hericium Pers. Hjortstamia Boidin & Gilles Hohenbuehelia Schulzer Hohenbuehelia Schulzer Hydropus Kühner ex Singer Hydropus Kühner ex Singer Hydropus Kühner ex Singer Hygrophoropsis (J. Schröt.) Maire ex Martin-Sans Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hyphoderma Wallr. Hypochnella J. Schröt. Inonotus P. Karst. Inonotus P. Karst. Inonotus P. Karst. Inonotus P. Karst. Junghuhnia Corda Kneiffiella P. Karst. Kneiffiella P. Karst. Laurilia Pouzar Lentinellus P. Karst. Lentinellus P. Karst. Lentinus Fr. Lenzites Fr. Lenzitopsis Malençon & Bertault Leucoinocybe Singer Lichenomphalia Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & Vilgalys Lindtneria Pilát Lindtneria Pilát Lindtneria Pilát Lindtneria Pilát Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmiellus Murrill Marasmius Fr. Membranomyces Jülich Membranomyces Jülich Morganella Zeller Order Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Auriculariales J. Schröt. Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Gloeophyllales Thorn Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Boletales E.-J. Gilbert Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Atheliales Jülich Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Cantharellales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. APPENDIX D-ITALIAN WOOD-DECAY BASIDIOMYCOTA Species Multiclavula mucida (Pers.) R.H. Petersen Mycena adscendens (Lasch) Maas Geest. Mycena alba (Bres.) Kühner Mycena cyanorhiza Quél. Neolentinus schaefferi (Weinm.) Redhead & Ginns Odonticium helgae Hjortstam & Ryvarden Oligoporus inocybe (A. David & Malençon) Ryvarden & Gilb. Oligoporus lowei (Pilát) Gilb. & Ryvarden Omphalotus illudens (Schwein.) Bresinsky & Besl Parvobasidium cretatum (Bourdot & Galzin) Jülich Peniophora piceae (Pers.) J. Erikss. Peniophora pilatiana Pouzar & Svrček Peniophora pseudoversicolor Boidin Peniophora tamaricicola Boidin & Malençon Peniophorella echinocystis (J. Erikss. & Å. Strid) K.H. Larss. Peniophorella guttulifera (P. Karst.) K.H. Larss. Peniophorella tsugae (Burt) K.H. Larss. Perenniporia fulviseda (Bres.) Dhanda Perenniporia narymica (Pilát) Pouzar Phaeomarasmius rimulincola (Rabenh.) P.D. Orton Phanerochaete aculeata Hallenb. Phanerochaete galactites (Bourdot & Galzin) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden Phanerochaete jose-ferreirae (D.A. Reid) D.A. Reid Phanerochaete magnoliae (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Burds. Phellinus erectus A. David, Dequatre & Fiasson Phellinus pilatii Cerný Phellinus pseudopunctatus A. David, Dequatre & Fiasson Phellinus rhamni (Bondartseva) H. Jahn Phellinus rimosus (Berk.) Pilát Phellinus rosmarini Bernicchia Phlebia bresadolae Parmasto Phlebia centrifuga P. Karst. Phlebia georgica Parmasto Phlebiella ardosiaca (Bourdot & Galzin) K.H. Larss. Pholiota henningsii (Bres.) P.D. Orton Pholiota subochracea (A.H. Sm.) A.H. Sm. & Hesler Pluteus aurantiorugosus (Trog) Sacc. Pluteus insidiosus Vellinga & Schreurs Podofomes trogii (Fr.) Pouzar Podoscypha multizonata (Berk. & Broome) Pat. Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fr. Radulodon erikssonii Ryvarden Ramaria rubella (Schaeff.) R.H. Petersen Ramaricium alboochraceum (Bres.) Jülich Rhodotus palmatus (Bull. : Fr.) Maire Rigidoporus crocatus (Pat.) Ryvarden Scotomyces subviolaceus (Peck) Jülich Scutiger pes-caprae (Pers.) Bondartsev & Singer Scytinostroma galactinum (Fr.) Donk Scytinostromella heterogenea (Bourdot & Galzin) Parmasto Simocybe maritima (Bon) Bon Sistotrema subtrigonospermum D.P. Rogers Skeletocutis alutacea (J. Lowe) Jean Keller Skeletocutis lilacina A. David & Jean Keller Skeletocutis odora (Peck ex Sacc.) Ginns Sparassis brevipes Krombh. Sphaerobasidium minutum (J. Erikss.) Oberw. Genus Multiclavula R.H. Petersen Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Mycena (Pers.) Roussel Neolentinus Redhead & Ginns Odonticium Parmasto Oligoporus Bref. Oligoporus Bref. Omphalotus Fayod Parvobasidium Jülich Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophora Cooke Peniophorella P. Karst. Peniophorella P. Karst. Peniophorella P. Karst. Perenniporia Murrill Perenniporia Murrill Phaeomarasmius Scherff. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phanerochaete P. Karst. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phellinus Quél. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebia Fr. Phlebiella P. Karst. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm. Pluteus Fr. Pluteus Fr. Podofomes Pouzar Podoscypha Pat. Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans. Radulodon Ryvarden Ramaria (Fr.) Bonord. Ramaricium J. Erikss. Rhodotus Maire Rigidoporus Murrill Scotomyces Jülich Scutiger Paulet Scytinostroma Donk Scytinostromella Parmasto Simocybe P. Karst. Sistotrema Fr. Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar Sparassis Fr. Sphaerobasidium Oberw. Order Cantharellales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Gloeophyllales Thorn Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Hymenochaetales Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Gomphales Jülich Gomphales Jülich Agaricales Underw. Polyporales Gäum. Cantharellales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Agaricales Underw. Cantharellales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Hymenochaetales Oberw. APPENDIX D-ITALIAN WOOD-DECAY BASIDIOMYCOTA Species Steccherinum bourdotii Saliba & A. David Steccherinum litschaueri (Bourdot & Galzin) J. Erikss. Steccherinum robustius (J. Erikss. & S. Lundell) J. Erikss. Steccherinum subcrinale (Peck) Ryvarden Tomentella asperula (P. Karst.) Höhn. & Litsch. Tomentella italica (Sacc.) M.J. Larsen Trametes junipericola Manjón, G. Moreno & Ryvarden Trechispora alnicola (Bourdot & Galzin) Liberta Trechispora clancularis (Park.-Rhodes) K.H. Larss. Trechispora dimitica Hallenb. Trechispora kavinioides de Vries Trechispora silvae-ryae (J. Erikss. & Ryvarden) K.H. Larss. Tremella moriformis Berk. Trichaptum laricinum (P. Karst.) Ryvarden Vararia gallica (Bourdot & Galzin) Boidin Volvariella caesiocincta P.D. Orton Vuilleminia alni Boidin Lanq. & Gilles Vuilleminia macrospora (Bres.)Hjortstam Vuilleminia megalospora Bres. Vuilleminia pseudocystidiata Boidin, Lanq. & Gilles Xerula melanotricha Dörfelt Xylobolus frustulatus (Pers.) Boidin Xylobolus subpileatus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Boidin Genus Steccherinum Gray Steccherinum Gray Steccherinum Gray Steccherinum Gray Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. Trametes Fr. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Trechispora P. Karst. Tremella Pers. Trichaptum Murrill Vararia P. Karst. Volvariella Speg. Vuilleminia Maire Vuilleminia Maire Vuilleminia Maire Vuilleminia Maire Xerula Maire Xylobolus P. Karst. Xylobolus P. Karst. Order Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Polyporales Gäum. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Thelephorales Corner ex Oberw. Polyporales Gäum. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Trechisporales K.H. Larss. Tremellales Fr. Polyporales Gäum. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Agaricales Underw. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Corticiales K.H. Larss. Agaricales Underw. Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon & J.C. David APPENDI X E-I TALI AN WOOD-DECAY PEZI ZOMYCOTI NA Ailanthus Valle Species Order Family Piemonte d'Aosta Friuli- Trentino Liguria Lombardia Alto-Adige Veneto Venezia EmiliaRomagna Sardegn Toscana Umbria Marche Lazio Abruzzo Molise Campania Puglia Basilicata Calabria a Sicilia Broadleaves Conifers Giulia Acanthonitschkea tristis (Pers.) Coronophorales Nitschkiaceae Nannf. Nannf. Nannf. Abies Acer spp. spp. Alnus Alnus Alnus Brachychito altissima Alnus alnobetula cordata glutinosa Berberi Betula (Mill.) spp. (Ehrh.) K. (Loisel.) (L.) s spp. spp. Koch Desf. Gaertner Swingle H n populneus (Schott & Laburnum Carpinus spp. Carpinus orientalis Castanea sativa Mill. Cornus spp. Corylus spp. Mill. Endl.) R. Br. Corylus avellana Cupressu s spp. L. Eleagnus spp. Erica arborea L. Eucalyptus spp. Eucalyptus camaldulen Fagus Fraxinus sylvatica L. spp. sis Dehnh. Fraxinus Fraxinus angustifolia oxycarpa Vahl Hedera spp. Hyppophae spp. Juniperus spp. Laburnum spp. Bieb. Prunus alpinum (Mill.) Larix Bercht. & J. spp. Lonicera Ostrya Picea Pinus spp. spp. spp. spp. Pinus halepensis Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold Mill. Presl Pinus pinaster Platanus Populus Prunus spp. spp. spp. Aiton Quercus dulcis Quercus (Miller) spp. Quercus cerris L. Quercus frainetto Ten. D.A.Webb Quercus gussonei Quercus (Borzì) ilex L. Quercus Quercus leptobalanos pubescens Guss. Brullo Willd. petraea (Mattuschka) Quercus robur L. Quercus suber L. Quercus virgiliana Rhamnus Ribes Robinia Salix Sambucu Sorbus Spartium Tilia Ulmus Vitis frangula L. spp. spp. spp. s spp. spp. spp. spp. spp. vinifera L. (Ten.)Ten. Liebl. X Allantoporthe decedens (Fr.) M.E. Barr =Diaporthe decedens (Fr.) Diaporthales Nannf. Fuckel Allantoporthe tessella (Pers.) Petr. Diaporthales =Diaporthe tessella (Pers.) Rehm Nannf. Diaporthaceae H19 X Höhn. ex Wehm. Diaporthaceae H19 H19 X Höhn. ex Wehm. Annulohypoxylon cohaerens (Pers.) Y.M. Ju, J.D. Rogers & H.M. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H5-H19 H5-H19 H5-H19 C1 E1-E3 X X & C. Tul. Hsieh Annulohypoxylon multiforme (Fr.) Xylariales Nannf. Y.M. Ju, J.D. Rogers & H.M. Hsieh Anthostoma decipiens (DC.) Xylariaceae Tul. C11 & C. Tul. Xylariales Nannf. Nitschke H5-H19- H5- S2 Diatrypaceae H5-H19 H5-H19 C1 X H19 C1 X X X X X X H19 H19 X Nitschke Anthostoma dryophilum (Curr.) Xylariales Nannf. Sacc. Diatrypaceae H19 X X Nitschke Anthostoma turgidum (Pers.) Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Nitschke Apiorhynchostoma currey Clypeosphaeri Xylariales Nannf. (Rabenh.) E. Müll. H13-H19 H13 X H X aceae G. Winter Arachnopeziza aurata Fucke =Arachnopeziza nivea Lorton Arachnopeziza aurelia (Pers.) Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphac C10 H-H19-S2 C37 X C37 X X X X eae Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Fuckel Hyaloscyphac H19 H19 X X eae Nannf. Ascobolus lignatilis Alb. & Schwein. Ascocoryne cylichnium (Tul.) Korf Ascocoryne sarcoides (Jacq.) J.W. Pezizales J. Ascobolaceae H12-H19 Schröt. Boud. ex Sacc. Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis C6 H19-S2 Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis C18 H19-S2 X C30 C1 X X X C1 X X X X X X X X X Groves & D.E. Wilson Ascotremella faginea (Peck) Seaver Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae H19-S2 H19 H19 H19 Rehm Bertia moriformis (Tode) De Not. Coronophorales Bertiaceae Nannf. Smyk Bertia moriformis var. multiseptata Coronophorales Bertiaceae Sivan. Nannf. Smyk (Bull.) Biscognauxia nummularia Xylariales Nannf. Kuntze C19-C6 Xylariales Nannf. Pouzar X X X X H19 Xylariaceae Tul. X H5-H13- & C. Tul. Biscogniauxia marginata (Fr.) E1-E3 C15 C2 H19 Xylariaceae Tul. H5-H13- C15 E3-E15 X X X X X X X X H19 H19 X X X & C. Tul. (De Biscogniauxia mediterranea Not.) Kuntze =Hypoxylon Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. S2 C13 E1-E2- C1 & C. Tul. mediterraneum (De Not.) Ces. & De X X X X X X X E3 Not H19- Bisporella citrina (Batsch) Korf & S.E. Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis C19-C6 H19-S2 H19 H19 C9 C1 E1-E2- H19 Carp. X X X X X X X X X X E3-E13E15(Pers.) S.E. Bisporella pallescens H19 H19 X Carp. & Korf Bisporella subpallida (Rehm) Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis H19 H19 Incertae sedis H19 H19 C28 X X Dennis Bisporella sulfurina (Quél.) S.E. Carp. Helotiales Nannf. De Botryosphaeria berengeriana Not. Botryosphaeriales Botryosphaeria Schoch, Crous & ceae Theiss. & Shoemaker P. Syd. Botryosphaeriales (Moug.) Botryosphaeria dothidea Ces. & De Not. Schoch, Crous & Shoemaker Botryosphaeriales Botryosphaeria hoffmanni Höhn. (Schwein.) Botryosphaeria obtusa Shoemaker Schoch, Crous & ceae Theiss. & X X X X X S1 X P. Syd. Botryosphaeria ceae Theiss. & P. Syd. Botryosphaeria Schoch, Crous & X Botryosphaeria Shoemaker Botryosphaeriales Shoemaker H19 S2 H19 ceae Theiss. & X H19 X X X P. Syd. Brunnipila calyculiformis (Schumach.) Bara = Lachnum Helotiales Nannf. Leotiales Korf & Bulgariaceae E. Müll. Lizon Fr. ex M.E. Barr (Curr.) Calosphaeria dryina Calosphaeriales Nitschke M.E. Barr X X X X X X X X X X X X C31 H H X H19 H19 X eae Munk Rick Boliniales P.F. Boliniaceae Cannon. E2-E3- C30 Calosphaeriac Boliniales P.F. Cannon. (Mont.) J.H. Miller H19 eae Sacc. (P. Karst.) Shear Camarops polysperma H19 H19 (P. Karst.) Pleosporales Luttr. Lophiostomatac Byssolophis sphaerioides Camarops microspora Hyaloscyphac eae Nannf. calyculiforme (Schumach.) P. Karst. Bulgaria inquinans (Pers.) Fr. Boliniaceae H19 H19 H19 H19 X X X Rick Camarops tubulina (Alb. & Schwein.) Shear =Endoxyla operculata (Alb. & Boliniales P.F. Boliniaceae Cannon. Rick Capronia nigerrima (R.R. Bloxam) Chaetothyriales Herpotrichiellac M.E. Barr M.E. Barr eae Munk Schwein.) Sacc. H X H19 X Incertae sedis Catinella olivacea (Batsch) Boud. (Dothideomycetes Incertae sedis S2 X O.E. Erikss. & Winka) Fr. Cenangium ferruginosum Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae H19 H19 X Rehm Chaetosphaere Chaetosphaerella phaeostroma (Durieu & Mont.) E. Müll. & C. Booth Coronophorales llaceae Nannf. Huhndorf, A.N. Chaetosphaeriale Berk. & Chaetosphaeria innumera Broome ex Tul. & C. Tul. s Huhndorf, A.N. Mill. & F.A. Fern. (Fr.) Chaetosphaeria ovoidea Chaetosphaeriale s Huhndorf, A.N. Constant., K. Holm & L. Holm Mill. & F.A. Fern. =Zignoëlla ovoidea (Fr.) Sacc. C1 X Mill & F A Fern Chaetosphaere llaceae H19 X H X Huhndorf, A.N. Mill & F A Fern Chaetosphaere llaceae Huhndorf, A.N. Mill & F A Fern (Pers.) Chlorencoelia versiformis Helotiales Nannf. J.R. Dixon Hemiphacidiac H19 X eae Korf (Nyl.) Chlorociboria aeruginascens Kanouse & C.S. Ramamurthi, Korf & Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis H19 H19 H19 E1-E15 X X X X X L.R. Batra (Oeder) Chlorociboria aeruginosa Seaver ex C.S. Ramamurthi, Korf & Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis C24 X L.R. Batra (Pers.) Claussenomyces atrovirens Helotiales Nannf. Korf & Abawi H19-H23- Helotiaceae Rehm (P. Claussenomyces prasinulus Helotiales Nannf. Karst.) Korf & Abawi C1 X X X S2 Helotiaceae H19-H23 X Rehm (Fr.) Clypeosphaeria mamillana Lambotte =Clypeosphaeria notarisii Xylariales Nannf. Clypeosphaeri H19 X aceae G. Winter Fuckel P. Karst. Coccomyces juniperi =Colpoma juniperi (P. Karst. ex P. Rhytismatales M.E. Rhytismatacea Barr ex Minter Karst.) Dennis Colpoma caesium Medardi Barr ex Minter Colpoma crispum (Pers.) Sacc. Coniochaetales Coniochaeta ligniaria (Grev.) (Ehrh.) Munk (Nitschke) Fuckel (Lib.) Fuckel Coronophora gregaria (Bull.) S.E. Crocicreas coronatum H14-H19- Cain Coniochaetace Huhndorf, A.N. Mill. ae Malloch & X X H19 X Cain Coniochaetace Cain Nitschkiaceae Nannf. Nannf. Coronophorales Nitschkiaceae Nannf. Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. X H19 Huhndorf, A.N. Mill. ae Malloch & & F.A. Fern. Coronophorales Carp. C33 S2 Coniochaetace & F.A. Fern. & F.A. Fern. Cooke X e Chevall. e Chevall. Coniochaetales Coniochaetales Coniochaeta velutina (Fuckel) X H19 H14-H19 Huhndorf, A.N. Mill. ae Malloch & Massee Coniochaeta pulveracea e Chevall. Rhytismatales M.E. Rhytismatacea Barr ex Minter X H14-H17- Rhytismatales M.E. Rhytismatacea Barr ex Minter Colpoma quercinum (Pers.) Wallr. Coronophora annexa H14-H19 e Chevall. Rhytismatales M.E. Rhytismatacea Helotiaceae H19 X H19 X H19 X H19 X X Rehm (Rebent.) Crumenulopsis pinicola Helotiales Nannf. J.W. Groves Helotiaceae H19 X Rehm Cryphonectriac Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) M.E. Barr Diaporthales Nannf. Cryptodiaporthe galericulata (Tul. & Diaporthales C. Tul.) Wehm. Nannf. eae Gryzenh. & H19 Cryptodiscus rhopaloides Cryptosphaeria eunomia Sacc. (Fr.) Xylariales Nannf. X G. Winter H19 Ostropales Nannf. Stictidaceae Fr. Fuckel X H (Pers.) Corda Ostropales Nannf. Stictidaceae Fr. Cryptodiscus pallidus H19 M.J. Wingf Gnomoniaceae X H14-H19 Diatrypaceae X H19 X Nitschke Cryptosphaeria populina (Pers.) Sacc. =C ryptosphaeria ligniota (Fr.) Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae H H X Nitschke Auersw. Incertae sedis (Pers.) De Cryptovalsa protracta (Sordariomycetes Incertae sedis H X O.E. Erikss. & Not. Winka) (Pers.) Gray Cucurbitaria berberidis Pleosporales Luttr. Cucurbitariace ex M.E. Barr Cucurbitaria elongata (Fr.) Grev. (Schumach.) Petr. ex M.E. Barr Cucurbitaria rubefaciens Petr. ex M.E. Barr ex M.E. Barr Helotiales Nannf. Cudoniella clavus H19 X (Alb. & Schwein.) Helotiales Nannf. X H19 X H19 X ae G. Winter Helotiaceae H19-S2 X Rehm Schröt. X ae G. Winter Ces. & De Not. Dennis X ae G. Winter Pleosporales Luttr. Cucurbitariace (Bull.) J. X H19 Pleosporales Luttr. Cucurbitariace Cucurbitaria spartii (Nees ex Fr.) Cudoniella acicularis C12 ae G. Winter Pleosporales Luttr. Cucurbitariace Cucurbitaria obducens H19 ae G. Winter Pleosporales Luttr. Cucurbitariace ex M.E. Barr X ae G. Winter Pleosporales Luttr. Cucurbitariace ex M.E. Barr (Pers.) De Not. Cucurbitaria laburni H19 Helotiaceae Rehm H19-S2 H19 H19 X X APPENDI X E-I TALI AN WOOD-DECAY PEZI ZOMYCOTI NA Ailanthus Valle Species Order Family Piemonte d'Aosta Friuli- Trentino Liguria Lombardia Alto-Adige Veneto Venezia EmiliaRomagna Sardegn Toscana Umbria Marche Lazio Abruzzo Molise Campania Puglia Basilicata Calabria a Sicilia Broadleaves Conifers Abies Acer spp. spp. Giulia Le Gal Cyathicula translucens Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae Alnus Alnus Alnus Brachychito altissima Alnus alnobetula cordata glutinosa Berberi Betula (Mill.) spp. (Ehrh.) K. (Loisel.) (L.) s spp. spp. Koch Desf. Gaertner Swingle S2 n populneus (Schott & Laburnum Carpinus spp. Carpinus orientalis Castanea sativa Mill. Cornus spp. Corylus spp. Mill. Endl.) R. Br. Corylus avellana L. Cupressu s spp. Eleagnus spp. Erica arborea L. Eucalyptus spp. Eucalyptus camaldulen Fagus Fraxinus sylvatica L. spp. Fraxinus Fraxinus angustifolia oxycarpa sis Dehnh. Vahl Bieb. X X X Hedera spp. Hyppophae spp. Juniperus spp. Laburnum spp. Prunus alpinum (Mill.) Larix Bercht. & J. spp. Lonicera Ostrya Picea Pinus spp. spp. spp. spp. Pinus halepensis Mill. Presl Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold Pinus pinaster Platanus Populus Prunus spp. spp. spp. Aiton Quercus dulcis Quercus (Miller) spp. Quercus cerris L. Quercus frainetto Ten. D.A.Webb Quercus gussonei Quercus (Borzì) ilex L. Brullo Quercus Quercus leptobalanos pubescens Guss. Willd. X X petraea (Mattuschka) Quercus robur L. Quercus suber L. Quercus virgiliana Rhamnus Ribes Robinia Salix Sambucu Sorbus Spartium Tilia Ulmus Vitis frangula L. spp. spp. spp. s spp. spp. spp. spp. spp. vinifera L. (Ten.)Ten. Liebl. X Rehm Dactylosporac (Berk. & M.A. Dactylospora stygia Curtis) Hafellner Lecanorales Nannf. eae Bellem. & H X Hafellner E1-E2- (Bolton) Ces. & Daldinia concentrica Xylariales Nannf. De Not. Xylariaceae Tul. H19-S2 H19 C30 C33 E3-E13- C1 X X X X X X X X X E14- & C. Tul. E16 Daldinia fissa Lloyd Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H19 H19 X & C. Tul. Daldinia martinii M. Stadler, Venturella Xylariales Nannf. & Wollw. Xylariaceae Tul. E20 X & C. Tul. Daldinia raimundi M. Stadler, Xylariales Nannf. Venturella & Wollw. Xylariaceae Tul. E20 X & C. Tul. (Schwein.) Ces. Daldinia vernicosa Xylariales Nannf. & De Not. Xylariaceae Tul. S2 X & C. Tul. (R. Hedw.) Dasyscyphella nivea Raitv =Lachnum niveum (R. Hedw.) Helotiales Nannf. P. Karst. Dermea cerasi (Pers.) Fr. Helotiales Nannf. Dermea padi (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphac C19- eae Nannf. C10 Dermateaceae H19-S2 H19 C9 E15 X X X H19 X H19 X X X Fr. Dermateaceae Fr. Diaporthales Diaporthe ailanthi Sacc. Diaporthe eres Nitschke Diaporthe impulsa (Cooke & Peck) Diaporthaceae Nannf. Höhn. ex Wehm. Diaporthales Diaporthaceae Nannf. Höhn. ex Wehm. Diaporthales Diaporthaceae Sacc. Nannf. Höhn. ex Wehm. Diaporthe oncostoma (Duby) Diaporthales Diaporthaceae Fuckel Diaporthe pustulata (Desm.) Sacc. Nannf. Höhn. ex Wehm. Diaporthales Diaporthaceae Nannf. Diatrype bullata (Hoffm.) Fr. Xylariales Nannf. Diatrype disciformis (Hoffm.) Fr. Xylariales Nannf. S2 X H19-S2 X X H19 X H19 X H19 X Höhn. ex Wehm. Diatrypaceae H19-S2 H19 X X Nitschke E1-E3Diatrypaceae C6-C11 H19 H19 H19 C30 C1 E15- Nitschke X X X X C31 H19- Diatrype stigma (Hoffm.) Fr. Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae H19-S2 H19 H19 H19 H19 H19 C1 H19 H19 Nitschke E1-E2- X X X X X E3 Diatrypella favacea (Fr.) Ces. & De Not. =Diatrypella verruciformis Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae H19-S2 H19 H19 H19-S1-S2 H19 H19 X X X X X Nitschke (Ehrh.) Nitschke E1-E2Diatrypaceae Diatrypella quercin a (Pers.) Cooke Xylariales Nannf. Discina parma J. Breitenb. & Maas Pezizales J. Discinaceae Geest. Schröt. Benedix Discina perlata (Fr.) Fr. =Discina Pezizales J. Discinaceae ancilis (Pers.) Sacc. Schröt. Benedix Diaporthales Gnomoniaceae Nannf. G. Winter Dothideales Dothideaceae Lindau Chevall E3-E13- Nitschke Ditopella ditopa (Fr.) J. Schröt. Dothidea sambuci (Pers.) Fr. Dothiora ribesia (Pers.) M.E. Barr Dothideales Lindau (Fr.) Höhn. Durella atrocyanea Helotiales Nannf. X X X X X X X X E15 H19-H20 H19-H20 X H19-H20 H19- H19- H19- H20 H20 H20 H19-H20 E21- X X X X E22 H X H19 Dothioraceae X H19 X Theiss. & P. Syd. Helotiaceae H18-H19 X Rehm Durella commutata Fuckel Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae H18-H19 H18-H19 X X Rehm (Fr.) Rehm Durella connivens Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae H18-H19 X Rehm Durella macrospora Fuckel Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae H18-H19 X Rehm (Pers.) Echinosphaeria canescens A.N. Mill. & Huhndorf =Lasiosphaeria canescens (Pers.) P. Karst. Sordariales Chad. ex D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss. Helminthospha eriaceae H2-H19 X Samuels, Cand. & Magni Encoelia fascicularis (Alb. & Helotiales Nannf. Schwein.) P. Karst. Sclerotiniaceae H19 X X Whetzel Encoelia furfuracea (Roth) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Sclerotiniaceae H19-S2 H19 X X X Whetzel Encoelia siparia (Berk. & Broome) Helotiales Nannf. Nannf. Sclerotiniaceae H19 X Whetzel Entoleuca mammata (Wahlenb.) J.D. Rogers & Y.M. Ju =Hypoxylon Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H5-H19 X & C. Tul. mammatum (Wahlenb.) P. Karst. Euepixylon udum (Pers.) Læssøe & Spooner = Hypoxylon udum (Pers.) Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H19 X & C. Tul. Fr. Eutypa flavovirens (Pers.) Tul. & C. Xylariales Nannf. Tul. Diatrypaceae H19 X X Nitschke Eutypa lata (Pers.) Tul. & C. Tul. Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae H19 X X Nitschke Eutypa leioplaca (Fr.) Cooke Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae H19 X Nitschke Eutypa scabrosa (Bull.) Auersw. Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae H19 H19 X Nitschke Eutypa spinosa (Pers.) Tul. & C. Tul. Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae S2 X Nitschke Eutypella acericola (Sacc.) Berl. Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae H19 X Nitschke Eutypella alnifraga (Wahlenb.) Sacc. Xylariales Nannf. Eutypella prunastri (Pers.) Sacc. Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae H19 H19 H19 H19 X Nitschke Diatrypaceae H19 X X Nitschke Eutypella quaternata (Pers.) Rappaz Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae H19 H19 X Nitschke Eutypella scoparia (Schwein.) Ellis & Everh. =Peroneutypa scoparia Xylariales Nannf. H19-S1-S2 H19 X X X X X X X X X X Nitschke (Schwein.) Carmarán & A.I. Romero Eutypella sorbi (Alb. & Schwein.) Diatrypaceae Xylariales Nannf. Sacc. Diatrypaceae H19 X Nitschke Fenestella fenestrata (Berk. & Pleosporales Luttr. Fenestellaceae Broome) J. Schröt. ex M.E. Barr Gibberella baccata (Wallr.) Sacc. Gibberella pulicaris (Fr.) Sacc. Hypocreales Tul. & C. Tul. Nectriaceae Lindau Glonium caucasicum (Rehm) H. Zogg Glonium lineare (Fr.) De Not. Glyphium elatum (Grev.) H. Zogg Gremmeniella abietina (Lagerb.) M. Hysteriales H19 X H19 X M.E. Barr Nectriaceae Lindau Hypocreales H19 X Tul. & C. Tul. Hysteriaceae Lindau Chevall. Hysteriales Hysteriaceae Lindau Chevall. H19 Pleosporales Luttr. Mytilinidiaceae ex M.E. Barr Kirschst. Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis X H19 H19 X H19 X X X H X Morelet Hamatocanthoscypha laricionis (Velen.) Svrček =Hyaloscypha Helotiales Nannf. H19 X eae Nannf. laricionis (Velen.) Nannf. Helvella macropus Hyaloscyphac (Pers.) P. Karst. Pezizales J. Schröt. (Berk. & Herpotrichia macrotricha Broome) Sacc. Pleosporales Luttr. Helvellaceae H19 H19 H19 X Fr. Incertae sedis H X ex M.E. Barr Incertae sedis Hilberina caudata (Fuckel) Huhndorf & A.N. Mill. =Lasiosphaeria (Sordariomycetes Incertae sedis H2-H19 X O.E. Erikss. & caudata (Fuckel) Sacc. Winka) (F.H. Wigg.) Pezizales J. Humaria hemisphaerica Fuckel Schröt. Pyronematacea H19 H19 X e Corda Orbiliales Baral, Hyalinia rubella (Pers.) Nannf. O.E. Erikss., G. Hyalopeziza alni E. Müll. Helotiales Nannf. Marson & E. Weber Orbiliaceae S2 X Nannf. Hyaloscyphac H19 H19 X eae Nannf. (Lib.) Hyalopeziza millepunctata Raitv.=Unguicularia millepunctata Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphac H19 H19 X X eae Nannf. (Lib.) Dennis = U. scrupulosa (P. Karst ) Höhn (Nyl.) Hyaloscypha aureliella Helotiales Nannf. Huhtinen Hyaloscypha hyalina Hyaloscyphac H19 X eae Nannf. (Pers.) Boud. Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphac H19-S2 H19 H19 X X eae Nannf. Hyaloscypha leuconica (Cooke) Helotiales Nannf. Nannf. Hyaloscyphac S2 X eae Nannf. Hydropisphaera erubescens Bionectriaceae Hypocreales (Roberge ex Desm.) Rossman & Lindau Samuels Samuels & H H X X Rossman Hymenoscyphus calyculus (Sowerby) W. Phillips = Helotium Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae H19 C6-C11 H19-S2 H19 H19 C1 Rehm conscriptum P. Karst. E1-E2- X X X X X X X X X E3 (P. Hymenoscyphus conscriptus Karst.) Korf ex Kobayasi, Hirats. f., Helotiales Nannf. Aoshima, Korf, Soneda, Tubaki & Helotiaceae H19 H19 H H X X Rehm Sugiy (Bull.) Hymenoscyphus imberbis Helotiales Nannf. Dennis Hymenoscyphus laetus Helotiales Nannf. X Helotiaceae X X X S2 X Rehm (Fr.) Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae H19 X Rehm (Pers.) Helotiales Nannf. W. Phillips Hymenoscyphus sublateritius H19 Rehm Helotiales Nannf. Dennis Hymenoscyphus serotinus Helotiaceae (Berk.) (Berk.) Dennis Hymenoscyphus salicellus (Berk. & Broome) Dennis Helotiaceae Rehm (Boud.) Dennis Hymenoscyphus monticola Baral =Phaeohelotium monticola Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae H19- Rehm C28 Helotiaceae Rehm C1 H19 X X X APPENDI X E-I TALI AN WOOD-DECAY PEZI ZOMYCOTI NA Ailanthus Valle Species Order Family Piemonte d'Aosta Friuli- Trentino Liguria Lombardia Alto-Adige Veneto Venezia EmiliaRomagna Sardegn Toscana Umbria Marche Lazio Abruzzo Molise Campania Puglia Basilicata Calabria a Sicilia Broadleaves Conifers Abies Acer spp. spp. Giulia Hymenoscyphus trichosporus Helotiales Nannf. Dougoud Alnus Alnus Alnus Brachychito altissima Alnus alnobetula cordata glutinosa Berberi Betula (Mill.) spp. (Ehrh.) K. (Loisel.) (L.) s spp. spp. Koch Desf. Gaertner Swingle C7 n populneus (Schott & Laburnum Carpinus spp. Carpinus orientalis Castanea sativa Mill. Cornus spp. Corylus spp. Mill. Endl.) R. Br. Corylus avellana Cupressu s spp. Eleagnus spp. L. Erica arborea L. Eucalyptus spp. Eucalyptus camaldulen Fagus Fraxinus sylvatica L. spp. sis Dehnh. Fraxinus Fraxinus angustifolia oxycarpa Vahl Hedera spp. Bieb. Hyppophae spp. Juniperus spp. Laburnum spp. Prunus alpinum (Mill.) Larix Bercht. & J. spp. Lonicera Ostrya Picea Pinus spp. spp. spp. spp. Pinus halepensis Mill. Presl Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold Pinus pinaster Platanus Populus Prunus spp. spp. spp. Aiton Quercus dulcis Quercus (Miller) spp. Quercus cerris L. Quercus frainetto Ten. D.A.Webb Quercus gussonei Quercus (Borzì) ilex L. Quercus Quercus leptobalanos pubescens Guss. Brullo Willd. petraea (Mattuschka) Quercus robur L. Quercus suber L. Quercus virgiliana Rhamnus Ribes Robinia Salix Sambucu Sorbus Spartium Tilia Ulmus Vitis frangula L. spp. spp. spp. s spp. spp. spp. spp. spp. vinifera L. (Ten.)Ten. Liebl. X Rehm Hypocrea argillacea W. Phillips & Hypocreales Lindau De Not. Plowr. & Hypocreales Hypocreaceae Lindau De Not. Hypocreales Hypocreaceae Lindau De Not. Hypocreales Hypocreaceae Lindau De Not. Hypocreales Hypocreaceae Lindau De Not. Hypocreales Hypocreaceae Lindau De Not. Plowr. Hypocrea aureoviridis Cooke Hypocrea citrina Helotiaceae (Pers.) Fr. (Tode) Fr. Hypocrea gelatinosa (S. Imai) Hypocrea nigricans Yoshim. Doi Hypocrea rufa (Pers.) Fr. Hypocrea schweinitzii (Fr.) Sacc. Hypocrea splendens W. Phillips & Plowr. Hypocreales De Not. Hypocreaceae Seaver Hypocreales Lindau G.H. Otth Xylariales Nannf. H10-H19 H10-H19 H19 H19 H10-H19 H10-H19 H10-H19- X H19 H19 X C1 H10- S2 X X X X X X X X C1 X X X X H19 H10- H10-H19 X H19 H10-H19- C1 X X S2 Hypocreaceae Lindau Hypocreales Lindau (Tode) Hypocreopsis lichenoides Hypoxylon ferrugineum Hypocreaceae H10- H10-H19 X H19 H19 X De Not. Hypocreaceae H10-H19 H10-H19 X X De Not. Xylariaceae Tul. S2 X & C. Tul. Hypoxylon fragiforme (Pers.) J. Xylariales Nannf. Kickx f. Xylariaceae Tul. C6-C10 H5-H19 H5-H19 C30 C24 C1 & C. Tul. (Pers.) Fr. Hypoxylon fuscum Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. Peck Hypoxylon howeanum Xylariales Nannf. Xylariales Nannf. H5-H19- H5- S2 Xylariaceae Tul. H5- S2 Xylariaceae Tul. Xylariales Nannf. Hysterium angustatum Alb. & Schwein. Chevall. Hysteriales Hysteriaceae Lindau Chevall. Hysteriales Hysterium pulicare Pers. (Pers.) De Hysterographium fraxini Hysteriaceae Lindau Not. Chevall. Hysteriaceae Lindau (Schwein.) Hysterographium mori Rehm Hysteriales Lindau (Hoffm.) Kretzschmaria deusta Xylariales Nannf. P.M.D. Martin X X X X X X X X X X X X E1-E2- C35 X X X X X X X X X X X X X E3 H5- C1 X X X H19 H19 X H19 Hysteriaceae Lindau Hysteriales H5-H19 H19 Xylariaceae Tul. Hysteriales X X C34 H5- & C. Tul. Hysterium acuminatum Fr. X H19 H5-H19 & C. Tul. Hypoxylon rutilum Tul. & C. Tul. C1 H19 H5-H19- & C. Tul. (Pers.) Fr. Hypoxylon rubiginosum E1-E3C31 C6-C10 & C. Tul. H19 H19 H19 X E1-E2- H19 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X E3-E13 H19 H19 X Chevall. Hysteriaceae H19 X Chevall. Xylariaceae Tul. C18 H19-S2 H19 H19 C1 X X X X X & C. Tul. Lachnellula arida (W. Phillips) Helotiales Nannf. Dennis Hyaloscyphac H19 X eae Nannf. (Willd.) Lachnellula calyciformis Helotiales Nannf. Dharne Hyaloscyphac H11- H11-H19 eae Nannf. (Bres.) Lachnellula flavovirens Helotiales Nannf. Dennis X X H19 Hyaloscyphac H19 X eae Nannf. Lachnellula fuscosanguinea Helotiales Nannf. (Rehm) Dennis Hyaloscyphac H19 X H11-H19 X eae Nannf. (G.G. Hahn Lachnellula occidentalis Helotiales Nannf. & Ayers) Dharne Hyaloscyphac eae Nannf. Baral & Matheis Helotiales Nannf. Lachnellula robusta Hyaloscyphac H X eae Nannf. Lachnellula subtilissima (Cooke) Helotiales Nannf. Dennis Hyaloscyphac C11 H11-H19 H11-H19 H9-H11- H9-H11- H19 H19 C30 X X X X eae Nannf. (De Bary ex Lachnellula suecica Helotiales Nannf. Fuckel) Nannf. Hyaloscyphac eae Nannf. Lachnellula willkommii (Hartig) Helotiales Nannf. Dennis Hyaloscyphac X H11-H19 H11-H19 X eae Nannf. Lachnum barbatum (Kunze) J. Helotiales Nannf. Schröt. Hyaloscyphac H19 H19 X eae Nannf. Lachnum bicolor (Bull.) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphac H11-H19 H11-H19 C1 E1-E3 X X X X X X eae Nannf. Baral Lachnum brevipilosum Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphac C14 x eae Nannf. Lachnum brevipilum (Höhn) Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Lachnum corticale (Pers.) Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphac H19 X eae Nannf. Hyaloscyphac H19 C23 X X eae Nannf. Lachnum virgineum (Batsch) P. Helotiales Nannf. Karst. Hyaloscyphac C10 H19 H19 H19 H19 C1 E1-E3 X X X X X X X X eae Nannf. Sordariales Chad. (Pers.) Ces. & Lasiosphaeria ovina De Not. ex D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss. Lasiosphaeris hirsuta H2-H19- Lasiosphaeriac eae Nannf. H2-H19 X X X X X S2 (Fr.) A.N. Mill. Sordariales Chad. & Huhndorf =Lasiosphaeria hirsuta ex D. Hawksw. & (Fr.) Ces. & De Not. O.E. Erikss. Lasiosphaeriac H2-H19 H2-H19 C1 X X X eae Nannf. Lentomitella cirrhosa (Pers.) Réblová = Endoxyla cirrhosa (Pers.) Boliniales P.F. Cannon. E. Müll. & Arx Boliniaceae H X Rick Leptosphaeria doliolum (Pers.) Ces. Pleosporales Luttr. Leptosphaeriac & De Not. ex M.E. Barr Leucostoma kunzei (Fr.) Munk ex H. Diaporthales Kern =Valsa kunzei (Fr.) Fr. Valsaceae Tul. Nannf. & C. Tul. Linostomella sphaerosperma Boliniales P.F. Boliniaceae (Fuckel) Petr. Cannon. Rick ex M.E. Barr (Tode) De Not. Melanconis alni Tul. & C. Tul. H19 Nitschke Melanconidace Nannf. ae G. Winter Melanconidace ae G. Winter Nannf. Fuckel ex M.E. Barr Hypocreales Sacc. H19 X X H19 X H19 X H19 C1 X X X eae G. Winter Pleosporales Luttr. Melanommatac Melanopsamma pomiformis (Pers.) H19 H19 Pleosporales Luttr. Melanommatac ex M.E. Barr X Kirschst. ex M.E. Barr Melanconis stilbostoma (Fr.) Tul. & C. Diaporthales (Pers.) X H Pleosporales Luttr. Massariaceae Diaporthales Tul. Melanomma fuscidulum Sacc. Melanomma pulvis-pyrius X H19 Pleosporales Luttr. Mytilinidiaceae Lophium mytilinum (Pers.) Fr. Massaria inquinans C29 eae M.E. Barr S2 X eae G. Winter Incertae sedis H X Lindau Melogramma campylosporum Fr. Diaporthales eae G. Winter Diaporthales Melogrammatac Nannf. eae G. Winter Miladina lecithina (Cooke) Svrček Pezizales J. Schröt. Mollisia aquosa (Berk. & Broome) W. Helotiales Nannf. Phillips H4-H19- Melogrammatac Nannf. Melogramma spiniferum (Wallr.) De Not. H4-H19 X X X X S2 H4-H19 Pyronematacea H4-H19 C1 S2 X e Corda Dermateaceae H19 X Fr. E1-E3- Mollisia cinerea (Batsch) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Mollisia discolor (Mont.) W. Phillips Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae C10 H19-S2 H19 C33 C20 Fr. C36- X X X X X X X C17 Dermateaceae S2 X Fr. Mollisia discolor var. longispora Le Helotiales Nannf. Gal Dermateaceae H19 X Fr. Mollisia ligni (Desm.) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae C19 H19-S2 H19 H19-S2 H19 C1 X X X Fr. Mollisia melaleuca (Fr.) Sacc. Helotiales Nannf. Mollisia ramealis P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae E1-E3 X X X Fr. Dermateaceae H19-S2 X X Fr. Mollisia ventosa P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae H19 X Fr. Nectria cinnabarina Nectria coccinea (Tode) Fr. (Pers.) Fr. Nectria episphaeria (Tode) Fr. Hypocreales Nectriaceae Lindau Tul. & C. Tul. Hypocreales Nectriaceae Lindau Tul. & C. Tul. Hypocreales Nectriaceae Lindau Nectria fuckeliana C. Booth Hypocreales C19 H19 H19 H19-S2 H19 C30 E1-E3 H19 X X S2 X X X X X X X X X X Tul. & C. Tul. Nectriaceae Lindau Tul. & C. Tul. Hypocreales Nectriaceae Lindau Tul. & C. Tul. Hypocreales Nectriaceae Lindau Tul. & C. Tul. H19 H19 H19-S2 H19 X X Nectria peziza (Tode) Fr. =Hydropisphaera peziza (Tode) Dumort. Nectria sanguinea (Sibth.) Fr. Hypocreales Nectria sinopica (Fr.) Fr. Lindau Nectriaceae C19 X X X X X C16 X H19 X Tul. & C. Tul. Nemania confluens (Tode) Læssøe & Spooner =Hypoxylon confluens Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H5- H5-H19 & C. Tul. (Tode) Westend. Nemania serpens (Pers.) Gray Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Helotiales Nannf. Dennis H5- Neobulgaria premnophila Neobulgaria pura H19 H5-H19 H5-H19 C35 C2 E1-E2- X X X X X Roll- Helotiales Nannf. (Pers.) Petr. var. Helotiaceae Helotiaceae Rehm H19-H25 X X X X H25 X Rehm Helotiales Nannf. X E3 H19-H25 Rehm Hansen & H. Roll-Hansen pura Helotiaceae X H19 H5-H19 Nitschke Neobulgaria lilacina (Wulfen) H19-H25 H19H25 E1-E3 X APPENDI X E-I TALI AN WOOD-DECAY PEZI ZOMYCOTI NA Ailanthus Valle Species Order Family Piemonte d'Aosta Friuli- Trentino Liguria Lombardia Alto-Adige Veneto Venezia EmiliaRomagna Sardegn Toscana Umbria Marche Lazio Abruzzo Molise Campania Puglia Basilicata Calabria a Sicilia Broadleaves Conifers Abies Acer spp. spp. Giulia Neobulgaria pura var. foliacea Helotiales Nannf. (Bres.) Dennis & Gamundí Helotiaceae Alnus C1 Alnus Alnus Brachychito altissima Alnus alnobetula cordata glutinosa Berberi Betula (Mill.) spp. (Ehrh.) K. (Loisel.) (L.) s spp. spp. Koch Desf. Gaertner Swingle H25 n populneus (Schott & Laburnum Carpinus spp. Carpinus orientalis Castanea sativa Mill. Cornus spp. Corylus spp. Mill. Endl.) R. Br. Corylus avellana L. Cupressu s spp. Eleagnus spp. Erica arborea Eucalyptus spp. L. Eucalyptus camaldulen Fagus Fraxinus sylvatica L. spp. sis Dehnh. X Fraxinus Fraxinus angustifolia oxycarpa Vahl Hedera spp. Bieb. Hyppophae spp. Juniperus spp. Laburnum spp. Prunus alpinum (Mill.) Larix Bercht. & J. spp. Lonicera Ostrya Picea Pinus spp. spp. spp. spp. Pinus halepensis Mill. Presl Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold Pinus pinaster Platanus Populus Prunus spp. spp. spp. Aiton Quercus dulcis Quercus (Miller) spp. Quercus cerris L. Quercus frainetto Ten. D.A.Webb Quercus gussonei Quercus (Borzì) ilex L. Quercus Quercus leptobalanos pubescens Guss. Brullo Willd. petraea (Mattuschka) Quercus robur L. Quercus suber L. Quercus virgiliana Rhamnus Ribes Robinia Salix Sambucu Sorbus Spartium Tilia Ulmus Vitis frangula L. spp. spp. spp. s spp. spp. spp. spp. spp. vinifera L. (Ten.)Ten. Liebl. X Rehm (Pers.) Neodasyscypha cerina Spooner = Lachnum cerinum (Pers.) Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphac H19 H19 X eae Nannf. Nannf. (C. Booth) Neonectria hederae Castl. & Rossman = Nectria hederae C. Booth (J.C. Schmidt) Neonectria punicea Castl. & Rossman (Pers.) P. Karst. Nitschkia cupularis Nitschkia grevillei (Rehm) Nannf. Hypocreales Tul. & C. Tul. Nectriaceae Lindau Tul. & C. Tul. Coronophorales Nitschkiaceae Nannf. Nannf. Coronophorales Nannf. Ombrophila violacea (Hedw.) Fr. Nectriaceae Lindau Hypocreales Helotiales Nannf. H19 Nitschkiaceae X S2 X H19 X H19 H19 X X Nannf. Helotiaceae H19-S2 X X X X Rehm Orbiliales Baral, Orbilia alnea Velen. O.E. Erikss., G. Marson & E. Weber Orbiliaceae H19 X Nannf. Orbiliales Baral, Orbilia auricolor (A. Bloxam) Sacc. O.E. Erikss., G. Marson & E. Weber Orbiliaceae H19 X Nannf. Orbiliales Baral, Orbilia coccinella (Sommerf.) Fr. O.E. Erikss., G. Marson & E. Weber Orbiliaceae H19-S2 H19 X Nannf. Orbiliales Baral, Boud. Orbilia curvatispora O.E. Erikss., G. Marson & E. Weber Orbiliaceae S2 H19 X Nannf. Orbiliales Baral, Orbilia cyathea Velen. O.E. Erikss., G. Marson & E. Weber Orbiliaceae H19 X Nannf. Orbiliales Baral, Orbilia delicatula (P. Karst.) P. Karst. O.E. Erikss., G. Marson & E. Weber Orbiliaceae H19 X Nannf. Orbiliales Baral, Orbilia epipora (Nyl.) P. Karst. O.E. Erikss., G. Orbilia leucostigma (Fr.) Fr. O.E. Erikss., G. Marson & E. Weber Orbiliaceae H19 X S2 X Nannf. Orbiliales Baral, Marson & E. Weber Orbiliaceae Nannf. Orbiliales Baral, Boud. Orbilia sarraziniana O.E. Erikss., G. Marson & E. Weber Orbiliaceae H19 X Nannf. Orbiliales Baral, Orbilia vinosa (Alb. & Schwein.) P. Karst. O.E. Erikss., G. Marson & E. Weber Orbiliaceae H X Nannf. Orbiliales Baral, Orbilia xanthostigma (Fr.) Fr. O.E. Erikss., G. Marson & E. Weber Pachyella babingtonii (Berk.) Boud. Pachyella clypeata (Schwein.) Le Gal Trimbach Pachyella lazzariana Pezizales J. Schröt. Dumort. Pezizales J. Pezizaceae Pezizales J. Schröt. C19 S2 X X Nannf. Dumort. Pezizaceae Schröt. (Rehm) Pachyella violaceonigra Pfister Orbiliaceae H8-H19- Pezizaceae Schröt. Pezizales J. H8-H19 S2 H8- X X X H19 H X H8-H19 X Dumort. H8-H19- Pezizaceae Dumort. X X S2 Patellariales D. Patellaria atrata (Hedw.) Fr. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss., Patinellaria sanguinea (Pers.) P. Helotiales Nannf. Karst. Pezicula acericola Patellariaceae H19 H19 H19 H19 X X X X X X X X X X X Corda Helotiaceae H X Rehm (Peck) Sacc. Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae H19- H19-H26 Fr. Pezicula aurantiaca Rehm Helotiales Nannf. X X H26 Dermateaceae H19-H26 Fr. Pezicula carpinea (Pers.) Tul. ex Helotiales Nannf. Fuckel Dermateaceae Fr. Pezicula cinnamomea (DC.) Sacc. Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae H19-H26- H19- S2 H26 X H19-H26 X X Fr. Pezicula corticola (C.A. Jørg.) Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae H19- H19-H26 Fr. Pezicula coryli (Tul.) Tul. & C. Tul. Helotiales Nannf. =Encoelia coryli (Tul.) Quél. Pezicula livida (Berk. & Broome) X H26 Dermateaceae S2 X Fr. Helotiales Nannf. Rehm Dermateaceae H19-H26 X Fr. Pezicula ocellata (Pers.) Seaver Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae H19-H26 X Fr. Pezizales J. Peziza ampliata Pers. Peziza arenaria Osbeck Dumort. Pezizaceae Schröt. Pezizales J. Peziza cerea Sowerby Donadini Peziza chryso-olivascens Dumort. Pezizaceae Pezizales J. Pezizaceae Dumort. Pezizales J. Pezizaceae Donadini Schröt. Peziza moseri Aviz.-Hersh. & Nemlich Peziza obtusapiculata J. Moravec Pezizales J. Peziza subisabellina X S2 X X H7-H19 H3-H7- H3-H7- H19 H19 X H7-H19 H19-H24 X H19-H24 X Dumort. Dumort. Pezizaceae Pezizales J. X H19 Pezizaceae Schröt. Pezizales J. Schröt. Peziza sciophila Medardi Peziza sesiana Garofoli & Baiano H19 Dumort. Dumort. Pezizales J. Schröt. (Le Gal) H7-H15- H19 H19 Pezizaceae Schröt. Peziza flavida (W. Phiilps) M.M. Moser ex D.C. Pant Peziza megalochondra H7-H15- Dumort. Pezizaceae Schröt. Pezizales J. Schröt. Peziza domiciliana Cooke Pezizaceae Schröt. Pezizales J. H19 X H X Dumort. Pezizaceae Schröt. Dumort. Pezizales J. Pezizaceae Schröt. Dumort. Pezizales J. Pezizaceae H22 X H X (Le Gal) Trimbach =Pachyella subisabellina Schröt. Dumort. Peziza paludicola (Boud.) Sacc. & Pezizales J. Pezizaceae Traverso = Peziza udicola Svrček Schröt. Dumort. Peziza varia (Hedw.) Fr. =Peziza Pezizales J. Pezizaceae repanda Pers. Schröt. Dumort. (Le Gal) Trimbach Phaeohelotium flexuosum (Crossl.) Helotiales Nannf. Dennis H19 H19 H19 C10 H19-S1-S2 X H19 H19 H19 H19 H19 H19 X H19 H19 H19- X X X E2 Helotiaceae H19 X H19 X Rehm Phaeohelotium italicum (Sacc.) Helotiales Nannf. Dennis Helotiaceae Rehm Phaeohelotium lilacinum (Bres.) Helotiales Nannf. Dennis Helotiaceae H19 X Rehm Phaeohelotium nobile (Velen.) Helotiales Nannf. Dennis Helotiaceae H19 X H19-S2 X H19-S2 X Rehm Phaeohelotium subcarneum Helotiales Nannf. (Schumach.) Dennis Helotiaceae X Rehm Phaeohelotium umbilicatum (Le Gal) Helotiales Nannf. Dennis Helotiaceae Rehm Plectania melastoma (Sowerby) Fuckel Pezizales J. Schröt. Sarcosomatace H19 X ae Kobayasi Plectania platensis (Speg.) Rifai =Plectania rhytidia f.maplatensis Pezizales J. Schröt. Speg. Polydesmia pruinosa (Gerd. ex Helotiales Nannf. Berk. & Broome) Boud. Sarcosomatace X S2 X eae Nannf. Propolis farinosa (Pers.) Fr. Rhytismatales M.E. Rhytismatacea =Propolis alba (DC.) Fr. Barr ex Minter e Chevall. Prosthecium platanoidis (Pers.) M.E. Diaporthales Melogrammatac Barr. eae G. Winter Nannf. Protocrea farinosa (Berk. & Broome) Hypocreales Petch Lindau Pseudoplectania nigrella (Pers.) Fuckel (Tul.) Sacc. Pseudovalsa longipes H19 ae Kobayasi Hyaloscyphac Pezizales J. H14-H19 S2 H14- H14-H19 H19 H14- X X X X X X X X X X X X H19 H Hypocreaceae X H X X De Not. Sarcosomatace Schröt. ae Kobayasi Diaporthales Pseudovalsace Nannf. H14-H19- H19 X C1 X ae M.E. Barr Quaternaria dissepta (Fr.) Tul. & C. Tul. =Eutypella dissepta (Fr.) Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae H19 H19 H19-S2 H19 X Nitschke Rappaz Patellariales D. (Fr.) Hafellner Hawksw. & O.E. Rhizodiscina lignyota Erikss. Rosellinia apiculata Sacc. var. Xylariales Nannf. macrospora Dargan & K.S. Thind Patellariaceae X X X X X X X X Corda Xylariaceae Tul. H X & C. Tul. Rosellinia aquila (Fr.) Ces. & De Not. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H19-S2 C29 H19 X X X X X X & C. Tul. Rosellinia corticium (Schwein.) Xylariales Nannf. Sacc. Xylariaceae Tul. H19 X & C. Tul. Rosellinia mammiformis (Pers.) Ces. Xylariales Nannf. & De Not. Xylariaceae Tul. H19-S2 H19 X X & C. Tul. Rosellinia thelena (Fr.) Rabenh. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H19 X & C. Tul. Rutstroemia bolaris (Batsch) Rehm Helotiales Nannf. Rutstroemiacea H19-S2 X X X e Holst-Jensen Rutstroemia elatina (Alb. & Schwein.) Helotiales Nannf. Rehm Rutstroemiacea H19 X e Holst-Jensen Rutstroemia firma (Pers.) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Rutstroemiacea H19 H19 C22 X X X X e Holst-Jensen Ruzenia spermoides (Hoffm.) O. Hilber ex A.N. Mill. & Huhndorf =Lasiosphaeria spermoides Sordariales Chad. ex D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss. Lasiosphaeriac eae Nannf. H2-H19- H2-H19 X X X X X X S2 (Hoffm ) Ces & De Not Sarcoscyphac Sarcoscypha austriaca (O. Beck ex Pezizales J. Sacc.) Boud. Schröt. eae Le Gal ex H19 X Sarcoscypha coccinea Sacc. (Jacq.) Pezizales J. Schröt. X Eckblad C30- Sarcoscyphac eae Le Gal ex Eckblad H19 H19 C26C27-C9 E1-E2C34 C33 E3-E13C31 X X X X X X X X X X APPENDI X E-I TALI AN WOOD-DECAY PEZI ZOMYCOTI NA Ailanthus Valle Species Order Family Piemonte d'Aosta Friuli- Trentino Liguria Lombardia Alto-Adige Veneto Venezia EmiliaRomagna Sardegn Toscana Umbria Marche Lazio Abruzzo Molise Campania Puglia Basilicata Calabria a Sicilia Broadleaves Conifers Giulia Abies Acer spp. spp. Alnus Alnus Alnus Brachychito altissima Alnus alnobetula cordata glutinosa Berberi Betula (Mill.) spp. (Ehrh.) K. (Loisel.) (L.) s spp. spp. Koch Desf. Gaertner Swingle n populneus (Schott & Laburnum Carpinus spp. Carpinus orientalis Castanea sativa Mill. Cornus spp. Corylus spp. Mill. Endl.) R. Br. Corylus avellana L. Cupressu s spp. Eleagnus spp. Erica arborea L. Eucalyptus spp. Eucalyptus camaldulen Fagus Fraxinus sylvatica L. spp. sis Dehnh. Fraxinus Fraxinus angustifolia oxycarpa Vahl Bieb. Hedera spp. Hyppophae spp. Juniperus spp. Laburnum spp. Prunus alpinum (Mill.) Larix Bercht. & J. spp. Lonicera Ostrya Picea Pinus spp. spp. spp. spp. Pinus halepensis Mill. Presl Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold Pinus pinaster Platanus Populus Prunus spp. spp. spp. Aiton Quercus dulcis Quercus (Miller) spp. Quercus cerris L. Quercus frainetto Ten. D.A.Webb Quercus gussonei Quercus (Borzì) ilex L. Quercus Quercus leptobalanos pubescens Guss. Brullo Willd. petraea (Mattuschka) Quercus robur L. Quercus suber L. Quercus virgiliana Rhamnus Ribes Robinia Salix Sambucu Sorbus Spartium Tilia Ulmus Vitis frangula L. spp. spp. spp. s spp. spp. spp. spp. spp. vinifera L. (Ten.)Ten. Liebl. Sarcoscyphac (Boud.) Baral Sarcoscypha jurana Pezizales J. Schröt. Scutellinia cejpii (Velen.) Svrček Pezizales J. Schröt. eae Le Gal ex H19 X Eckblad Pyronematacea H19-H21 H19-H21 H6-H19- H6-H19- H21 H21 X X X e Corda H6- Scutellinia crinita (Bull.) Lambotte (Berk.) O. Scutellinia kerguelensis Kuntze Pezizales J. e Corda Pyronematacea Schröt. Scutellinia nigrohirtula (Svrček) Le Gal Scutellinia pilatii (Velen.) Svrček Scutellinia scutellata (L.) Lambotte Pezizales J. e Corda Schröt. e Corda Pezizales J. Scutellinia subhirtella Svrček Schröt. Scutellinia umbrorum (Fr.) Lambotte Scutellinia vitreola Kullman Stictis radiata (L.) Pers. Ellis & Everh. (Sacc.) Strossmayeria basitricha X X X X X X H19-H21 H19-H21 X H19- H19- H21 H21 C30 C24 E3-E13 X X X X X X X X X X X H21 C38 X e Corda e Corda Pyronematacea Schröt. e Corda H19-H21- X X S2 H19-H21 H19-H21 H19 H19 H19- H19-H21 X X X X H21 Ostropales Nannf. Stictidaceae Fr. H19 Ostropales Nannf. Stictidaceae Fr. H14-H19 Dennis C1 C38 H19-H21 H6-H19- Pyronematacea Schröt. Pezizales J. Helotiales Nannf. H19-H21 H19-H21 e Corda Ostropales Nannf. Stictidaceae Fr. Stictis sarothamni Fuckel Stictis schizoxyloides Pezizales J. X S2 Pyronematacea e Corda Pyronematacea X H21 H21 Pyronematacea Schröt. Pezizales J. H19- H6-H19- Pyronematacea Pyronematacea Pezizales J. H19-H21- e Corda Schröt. Pezizales J. Schröt. Scutellinia setosa (Nees) Kuntze Pyronematacea Schröt. Pezizales J. Helotiaceae X X X X S2 X Rehm Tapesia fusca (Pers.) Fuckel Helotiales Nannf. H1-H19- Incertae sedis H1-H19 S2 Tapesia lividofusca (Fr.) Rehm (Pers.) Trematosphaeria pertusa Fuckel Trichophaea hybrida Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis eae M.E. Barr Pezizales J. Pyronematacea Schröt. e Corda (Boud.) Pezizales J. Pyronematacea Schumach. Trichophaeopsis bicuspis Korf & Erb Mouton Trichosphaeria notabilis Trichosphaeria pilosa (Pers.) Fuckel Schröt. e Corda Trichosphaeriales Trichosphaeria M.E. Barr ceae G. Winter Trichosphaeriales M.E. Barr ex M.E. Barr Tympanis alnea (Pers.) Fr. Helotiales Nannf. X X H19 X H19-S2 X H19 X Trichosphaeria X X H19 H19 X X ceae G. Winter Tubeufia cerea (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Pleosporales Luttr. Tubeufiaceae Höhn. X H19 H Pleosporales Luttr. Pleomassariac ex M.E. Barr (Sowerby) T. H1- H X M.E. Barr Helotiaceae H19 X Rehm Tympanis conspersa (Fr.) Fr. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae H19 X H19 X Rehm Valsa ceratophora Tul. & C. Tul. Diaporthales Nannf. Valsa cypri (Tul.) Tul. & C. Tul. Diaporthales =Valsa pruinosa (Fr.) Defago Nannf. Valsa nivea (Hoffm.) Fr. Diaporthales =Leucostoma niveum (Hoffm.) Höhn. Nannf. Valsa pini (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. Valsa salicina (Pers.) Fr. Diaporthales & C. Tul. Valsaceae Tul. Nannf. Diaporthales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Sánchez & Korf X H19 X H19 X H19 H19 X & C. Tul. Incertae sedis H19 Vibrisseaceae H19 H19 X H19 X Locq. Vibrissea filisporia (Bonord.) Korf & A. Helotiales Nannf. Vibrisseaceae Sánchez var. filisporia Locq. Vibrissea filisporia var. fiscella (P. Vibrisseaceae Helotiales Nannf. Karst.) A. Sánchez H19 X H19 X Locq. Vibrissea truncorum (Alb. & Helotiales Nannf. Schwein.) Fr. Xylaria arbuscula H19 H19 Valsaceae Tul. Nannf. Not. (Saut.) A. & C. Tul. Valsaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Valsaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Diaporthales Valsaria insitiva (Tode) Ces. & De Vibrissea decolorans Valsaceae Tul. Vibrisseaceae H19 H19 X X X Locq. Sacc. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H16-H19 X & C. Tul. Xylaria castorea Berk. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H16-H19 X & C. Tul. Xylaria cupressoides Bertault Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H16-H19 X H16-H19 X X & C. Tul. Xylaria curta Fr. Xylariales Nannf. Xylaria galandii Bertault Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Xylariaceae Tul. H X & C. Tul. Xylaria geoglossum (Schwein.) Fr. Xylariales Nannf. Xylaria guepinii (Fr.) Ces. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H16-H19 X & C. Tul. Xylariaceae Tul. H16- & C. Tul. H19 X H16- Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Grev. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. C6 - & C. Tul. C10 H16-H19- H16-H19 S2 H16- H16- H19 H19 H16-H19 H16- H19- C33- C30- C35 C24 C2 Xylariales Nannf. Xylariales Nannf. Xylaria longiana Rehm Xylariales Nannf. Xylaria longipes Nitschke Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H16-H19 H16-H19 H19- X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X E1-E2- C22Xylaria jolyana Bertault Xylaria juruensis Henn. E3-E13- H X H16-H19 X X & C. Tul. Xylariaceae Tul. X & C. Tul. Xylariaceae Tul. H16-H19 X X & C. Tul. Xylariaceae Tul. C25 H16-H19 E1-E3 X X & C. Tul. Xylaria multiplex (Kunze) Fr. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. H C38 X X & C. Tul. Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grev. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. C6-C11 H16-H19S2 H16-H19 C30 C24 C2-C20 E1-E3 X X X X X X X X X X X APPENDIX E REFERENCES C1 Persiani,Granito, Lunghini, Maggi, unpublished data. C2 Persiani A.M., Audisio P., Lunghini D., Maggi O., Granito V.M., Biscaccianti A.B., Chiavetta U., Marchetti M., 2010. Linking taxonomical and functional biodiversity of saproxylic fungi and beetles in broad-leaved forests in southern Italy with varying man C6 Orsino F., Zotti M., Dameri R.M., 1999.Ricerche micocenologiche in faggete della Liguria occidentale.Micol. Ital. 3: 63-76. C7 Carbone M., 2010. Hymenoscyphus trichosporus, prima segnalazione italiana. Ascomycete.org 2(3): 19-26. C9 Laganà A., Salerni E., Barluzzi C., Perini C., De Dominicis V., 2000.Indagini preliminari sullo stato di salute di boschi a Quercus ilex L. della toscana centro-meridionale (Italia). Micol. Ital. 29(2): 17-28. C10 Orsino F., 1991. Ricerche micocenologiche in Leccete della liguria. Micol. Ital. 20(3): 95-102. C11 Orsino F., Dameri R.M., 1991. Contributo alla conoscenza della flora micologica ligustica IX.Micol. Ital. 20(2): 3-8. C12 Orsino F., Traverso M., 1990. Contributo alla conoscenza della flora micologica ligustica VIII. Micol. Ital. 19(2): 11-16. C13 Ragazzi A., 1989. Popolazioni fungine associate a piante deperienti diQ. cerris. Micol. Ital. 18(3): 127-132. C14 Cacialli G., Caroti V., Doveri F., 1995. I funghi del parco di Villa Mimbelli. Micol. Ital. 24(1): 15-19. C15 Paoletti E., Goggioli V., Maresi G., 1996.Reperti di Biscogniauxia nummularia su Faggio in Italia. Micol. Ital. 25(1): 27-35. . Micol. Ital. 17(3): 7-21. C16 Violante U., Soriente S., 1988.Flora micologica del napoletano III. La micoflora del Parco degli Astroni di Agnano (Napoli) C17 Napoli M., 1998. Contributo alla conoscenza micologica del territorio di Santo Pietro (Sicilia meridionale). Micol. Ital. 27(2): 27-38. C18 Orsino F., Zotti M., Dameri R.M., 1999.Contributo alla conoscenza della flora micologica ligustica. XII.Micol. Ital. 28(2): 3-8. C19 Orsino F., 1986. Contributo alla conoscenza della flora micologica ligustica. VI.Micol. Ital. 15(3): 5-9. . Micol. Ital. 15(3): 21-37. C20 Violante U., Soriente S., 1986.Flora micologica del napoletano II. I macromiceti che crescono nel Parco Gussone nella Reggia di Portici (Napoli) . Micol. Ital. 14(2): 41-51. C22 Barluzzi C., Perini C., De Dominicis V., Marchetti P., 1985.Contributo alla conoscenza della flora micologica delle province di Arezzo, Siena e Grosseto C23 Sacconi S., 1985. Il complesso Dasyscyphus corticalis (Pers. ex Fr.) Mass.riguardante le specie europee. Micol. Ital. 14(2): 31-35. C24 Pacioni G., 1976. Contributo alla flora micologica del Parco nazionale d'Abruzzo. Micol. Ital. 5(3): 31-39. C25 Balletto C., 1984. Contributo alla conoscenza della flora micologica ligustica. V. Micol. Ital. 13(2): 24-26. C26 Barluzzi C., De Dominicis V., Perini C., 1983. Primi risultati di indagini micologiche sulle leccete delle colline del litorale grossetano. Micol. Ital. 12(3): 29-35. C27 Barluzzi C., Perini C., De Dominicis V., Marchetti P., 1983.Macromiceti nuovi per le province di Arezzo, Siena e Grosseto.Micol. Ital. 12(1): 37-54. C28 Sacconi S., 1983. Parte I. Polydesmioideaee Helotioideae (Famiglia delle Helotiaceae). Boll. Gruppo micologico G. Bresadola Trento 26(5-6): 195-208. C29 Lanconelli L., 1984. A funghi…con la lente. Boll. Gruppo micologico G. Bresadola Trento 27(3-4): 171-175. C30 Intini M., 1984. Contributo alla conoscenza della flora micologica lignicola del Parco delle Cascine di Firenze. Boll. Gruppo micologico G. Bresadola Trento 27(5-6): 259-271. C31 Napoli M., 2001. Macromiceti delle faggete della Sicilia. BGMG 44(2): 67-75. . Accad. Naz. Dei Lincei, Quad. N.264:49-126. C33 Quadraccia L., Lunghini D., 1990.Contributo alla conoscenza dei macromiceti della Tenuta presidenziale di Castelporziano (micoflora del Lazio II) C34 Fontenla R., Carassai E., 2002.I Funghi della Selva dell'Abbadia di Fiastra. Fondazione Giustiniani Bandini, 159 pp. C35 Pecoraro L., Lunghini D., 2003.Indagini micologiche nella Riserva Naturale di Macchiagrande: aspetti micofloristici ed ecologici. Micol e Veget. Medit. 18(1): 21-42. C36 Napoli M., Signorello P., 2005. Checklist dei macromiceti del territorio dei Monti Erei (Sicilia centro meridionale). Micol e Veget. Medit. 20(1): 17-36. C37 Franchi P., 2000. Il genere Arachnopeziza in Toscana. Micol e Veget. Medit. 15(2): 115-121. C38 Cacialli G., Caroti V., Doveri F., 1995. Funghi fimicoli e rari o interessanti del litorale toscano. Schede di micologia Vol. I, AMB, 615 pp. E1 Venturella, G., Saitta A. & La Rocca S., 2000.A check-list of the mycological flora of Madonie Park (North Sicily). Mycotaxon Ltd., Ithaca, NY, 246 pp. E2 Venturella, G., Saitta A., La Rocca S. & Onofri S., 2001.The mycological flora of the Ficuzza Wood-Rocca Busambra territory (North Sicily, Italy).Mycotaxon Ltd., Ithaca, NY, 66 pp. E3 Saitta, A., Bernicchia A. & Venturella G., 2004.Contributo alla conoscenza dei funghi lignicoli della Sicilia.Inform. Bot. Ital. 36(1): 192-202. E13 Venturella G., Narcisi V., Li Vigni L., Saitta A., La Rocca S., 2001.Mycofloristic investigations in ilex groves of Sicily (II): The Niscemi wood (Favorita Park, Palermo). Doc. Mycol., 31(121): 35-48. E14 Saitta A., Pecorella E. & Venturella G., 2005.La biodiversità fungina di Monte Catalfano (Bagheria, Palermo).Micologia Italiana, XXXIV, n. 2: 53-59. E15 Venturella G., Zambonelli A., Antonin V., Saitta A., Pecorella E., Giannì S., Tamburello M., Gargano M. L., 2006. Elenco dei macromiceti raccolti in Sicilia in occasione del XVIII Seminario Internazionale di Micologia.Micol. Ital. 35(2):45-53. E16 Saitta A., Gargano M. L., Venturella G., 2007.Contributo alla conoscenza della biodiversità fungina delle Riserve Naturali della Sicilia: Serre di Ciminna (Ciminna, Palermo).Inf. Bot. Ital. 39(2): 395-400. E20 Stadler M., Wollweber H., Jager W., Briegert M., Venturella G., Castro J.M.,2004.Cryptic Species related to Daldinia concentrica and D. eschscholzii, with notes on D. bakeri. Mycological Research. 108(3), 257-273. E21 Venturella G., Saitta A., Tamburello M., 2005.La biodiversità fungina della provincia di Palermo (Sicilia): I. Dati ecologici e distributivi.Ispe Archimede, Palermo, 247 pp. E22 Venturella G., Saitta A., Tamburello M., 2005.La biodiversità fungina della provincia di Palermo (Sicilia): II. Carte di distribuzioneIspe Archimede, Palermo, 550 pp. H Medardi, unpublished data. H1 Medardi G., 1992. Alcuni funghi del genere Tapesia. RdM 2: 147-154 H2 Medardi G., 1995. Appunti di studio sul genere Lasiosphaeria Ces. & De Not. Boll. AMER 36 (3): 3-8 H3 Medardi G., 1997. Contributo allo studio del genere Peziza Fr. non L. RdM 3: 225-235 H4 Medardi G., 1998. Appunti di studio sul genere Melogramma Fr. CMC 35: 27-31 APPENDIX E REFERENCES H5 Medardi G., 1998. Considerazioni sul genere Hypoxylon Bull. ex Fr. RdM 2: 161-169 H6 Benini G. & Medardi G., 1999. Ascomiceti interessanti reperiti in Valvestino (BS). CMC 37: 41-48 H7 Medardi G., 1999. Alcuni funghi del genere Peziza rari o interessanti raccolti in provincia di Brescia. CMC 38: 38-48 H8 Medardi G., 1999. Contributo allo studio del genere Pachyella. RdM 1: 57-62 H9 Medardi G., 1999. Lachnellula o Dasyscyphus? Il Micologo A.M.B.A.C. Boves (CN) 94: 40-41 H10 Medardi G., 1999. Studio sul genere Hypocrea Fries. RdM 4: 327-338 H11 Medardi G., 2000. Studio su alcune Hyaloscyphaceae delle nostre regioni con disco giallo e peli bianchi. Micologia 2000, CSM AMB: 355-362 H12 Medardi G., 2000. Studio su alcune specie non fimicole del genereAscobolus Pers. trovate in Italia. RdM 4: 347-358 H13 Marino R. & Medardi G., 2002. Ascomiceti della Basilicata (1° contributo). RdM 1: 59-64 H14 Medardi G., 2002. Studio sul genere Colpoma Wallroth in Italia. RdM 3: 239-250 H15 Chiari M., Medardi G., Paoletti B. & Papetti C., 2003.Comitato Scientifico Nazionale AMB, Gambarie (RC), 16-19 Ottobre 2003. CMC 46: 1-19 H16 Medardi G., 2003. Il genere Xylaria Hill & Schrank in Italia. RdM 1: 25-46 H17 Medardi G., 2004. Colpoma caesium, una nuova specie di Colpoma dall’Italia. RdM 1: 35-41 H18 Medardi G., 2004. Études sur le genre Durella. Documents Mycologiques 131: 29-35 H19 Medardi G., 2006. Atlante fotografico degli Ascomiceti d’Italia. AMB Centro Studi Micologici, Vicenza H20 Medardi G., 2006. Il Genere Discina in Italia. RdM 4: 303-328 H21 Medardi G., 2007. Il Genere Scutellinia in Italia. Mycol. Monten. 10: 119-164 H22 Medardi G., 2007. Una nuova Peziza dall’Italia: Peziza sciophila. RdM 4: 333-343 H23 Medardi G., 2007. Overview of the Genus Claussenomyces and description of Italian collections. Czech Mycol. 59 (1): 101-109 H24 Medardi G., 2007. Peziza megalochondra in Italia. Bull. FAMM 32: 25-30 H25 Medardi G., 2008. Studio sul Genere Neobulgaria con due nuove segnalazioni per l’Italia. RdM 3: 229-242 H26 Medardi G., 2009. Studio sul Genere Pezicula in Italia. RdM 4: 347-367 S1 Savino E., Boccardi A., Salerni E., Bernicchia A., 2004.Comunità macromicetiche presenti nei parchi comunali di Rozzano (Milano - Italia). Micol. Italiana, XXXIII (1): 46-57 S2 Gaggianese E., Nobili G., Parrettini G., Prim A., 2002.Atlante della Biodiversità nel Parco Ticino. Vol. 1 Elenchi sistematici. Ed. Consorzio Lombardo Parco della Valle del Ticino,Magenta (MI), 19-104 APPENDIX F- WOOD-DECAY PEZIZOMYCOTINA OF FAGUS SYLVATICA Species Annulohypoxylon cohaerens (Pers.) Y.M. Ju, J.D. Rogers & H.M. Hsieh Annulohypoxylon multiforme (Fr.) Y.M. Ju, J.D. Rogers & H.M. Hsieh Xylariales Nannf. Xylariales Nannf. Order Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Family Genus Annulohypoxylon Y.M. Ju, J.D. Rogers & H.M. Hsieh Annulohypoxylon Y.M. Ju, J.D. Rogers & H.M. Hsieh Anthostoma turgidum (Pers.) Nitschke Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Anthostoma Nitschke Arachnopeziza aurelia (Pers.) Fuckel Ascocoryne cylichnium (Tul.) Korf Ascocoryne sarcoides (Jacq.) J.W. Groves & D.E. Wilson Ascotremella faginea (Peck) Seaver Bertia moriformis (Tode) De Not. Biscognauxia nummularia (Bull.) Kuntze Helotiales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Coronophorales Nannf. Xylariales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Incertae sedis Incertae sedis Helotiaceae Rehm Bertiaceae Smyk Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Arachnopeziza Fuckel Ascocoryne J.W. Groves & D.E. Wilson Ascocoryne J.W. Groves & D.E. Wilson Ascotremella Seaver Bertia De Not. Biscogniauxia Kuntze Biscogniauxia mediterranea (De Not.) Kuntze Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Biscogniauxia Kuntze Bisporella citrina (Batsch) Korf & S.E. Carp. Bisporella sulfurina (Quél.) S.E. Carp. Bulgaria inquinans (Pers.) Fr. Camarops microspora (P. Karst.) Shear Chaetosphaerella phaeostroma (Durieu & Mont.) E. Müll. & C. Booth Chlorociboria aeruginascens (Nyl.) Kanouse & C.S. Ramamurthi, Korf & L.R. Batra Chlorociboria aeruginosa (Oeder) Seaver ex C.S. Ramamurthi, Korf & L.R. Batra Claussenomyces atrovirens (Pers.) Korf & Abawi Cryptodiaporthe galericulata (Tul. & C. Tul.) Wehm. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Leotiales Korf & Lizon Boliniales P.F. Cannon. Coronophorales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Diaporthales Nannf. Incertae sedis Incertae sedis Bulgariaceae Fr. Boliniaceae Rick Chaetosphaerellaceae Huhndorf, A.N. Mill. & F.A. Fern. Incertae sedis Incertae sedis Helotiaceae Rehm Gnomoniaceae G. Winter Bisporella Sacc. Bisporella Sacc. Bulgaria Fr. Camarops P. Karst. Chaetosphaerella E. Müll. & C. Booth Chlorociboria Seaver ex Ramamurthi, Korf & L.R. Batra Chlorociboria Seaver ex Ramamurthi, Korf & L.R. Batra Claussenomyces Kirschst. Cryptodiaporthe Petr. Dasyscyphella nivea (R. Hedw.) Raitv Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Dasyscyphella Tranzschel Diatrype bullata (Hoffm.) Fr. Diatrype disciformis (Hoffm.) Fr. Diatrype stigma (Hoffm.) Fr. Diatrypella quercina (Pers.) Cooke Durella commutata Fuckel Eutypa leioplaca (Fr.) Cooke Eutypella quaternata (Pers.) Rappaz Xylariales Xylariales Xylariales Xylariales Xylariales Xylariales Xylariales Nannf. Nannf. Nannf. Nannf. Nannf. Nannf. Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Diatrypaceae Nitschke Diatrypaceae Nitschke Diatrypaceae Nitschke Helotiaceae Rehm Diatrypaceae Nitschke Diatrypaceae Nitschke Diatrype Fr. Diatrype Fr. Diatrype Fr. Diatrypella (Ces. & De Not.) De Not. Durella Tul. & C. Tul. Eutypa Tul. & C. Tul. Eutypella (Nitschke) Sacc. Eutypella scoparia (Schwein.) Ellis & Everh. Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Peroneutypa Berl. Glonium lineare (Fr.) De Not. Herpotrichia macrotricha (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. Hymenoscyphus calyculus (Sowerby) W. Phillips Hymenoscyphus imberbis (Bull.) Dennis Hymenoscyphus serotinus (Pers.) W. Phillips Hymenoscyphus sublateritius (Berk. & Broome) Dennis Hypocrea aureoviridis Plowr. & Cooke Hypocrea citrina (Pers.) Fr. Hypocrea gelatinosa (Tode) Fr. Hypocrea rufa (Pers.) Fr. Hypoxylon fragiforme (Pers.) J. Kickx f. Hypoxylon fuscum (Pers.) Fr. Hypoxylon rubiginosum (Pers.) Fr. Hypoxylon rutilum Tul. & C. Tul. Hysterium angustatum Alb. & Schwein. Kretzschmaria deusta (Hoffm.) P.M.D. Martin Lachnum bicolor (Bull.) P. Karst. Lachnum virgineum (Batsch) P. Karst. Lasiosphaeria ovina (Pers.) Ces. & De Not. Hysteriales Lindau Pleosporales Luttr. ex M.E. Barr Helotiales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Hypocreales Lindau Hypocreales Lindau Hypocreales Lindau Hypocreales Lindau Xylariales Nannf. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariales Nannf. Hysteriales Lindau Xylariales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Sordariales Chad. ex D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss. Hysteriaceae Chevall. Incertae sedis Helotiaceae Rehm Helotiaceae Rehm Helotiaceae Rehm Helotiaceae Rehm Hypocreaceae De Not. Hypocreaceae De Not. Hypocreaceae De Not. Hypocreaceae De Not. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Hysteriaceae Chevall. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Lasiosphaeriaceae Nannf. Glonium Mühl. Herpotrichia Fuckel Hymenoscyphus Gray Hymenoscyphus Gray Hymenoscyphus Gray Hymenoscyphus Gray Hypocrea Fr. Hypocrea Fr. Hypocrea Fr. Hypocrea Fr. Hypoxylon Bull. Hypoxylon Bull. Hypoxylon Bull. Hypoxylon Bull. Hysterium Pers. Kretzschmaria Fr. Lachnum Retz. Lachnum Retz. Lasiosphaeria Ces. & De Not. Lasiosphaeris hirsuta (Fr.) A.N. Mill. & Huhndorf Sordariales Chad. ex D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss. Lasiosphaeriaceae Nannf. Lasiosphaeris Clem. Melanomma fuscidulum Sacc. Melogramma campylosporum Fr. Melogramma spiniferum (Wallr.) De Not. Mollisia cinerea (Batsch) P. Karst. Mollisia melaleuca (Fr.) Sacc. Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. Nemania serpens (Pers.) Gray Neobulgaria pura (Pers.) Petr. var. pura Neobulgaria pura var. foliacea (Bres.) Dennis & Gamundí Pleosporales Luttr. ex M.E. Barr Diaporthales Nannf. Diaporthales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Hypocreales Lindau Xylariales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiales Nannf. Melanomma Nitschke ex Fuckel Melogramma Fr. Melogramma Fr. Mollisia (Fr.) P. Karst. Mollisia (Fr.) P. Karst. Nectria (Fr.) Fr. Nemania Gray Neobulgaria Petr. Neobulgaria Petr. Melanommataceae G. Winter Melanommataceae G. Winter Melanommataceae G. Winter Dermateaceae Fr. Dermateaceae Fr. Nectriaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Helotiaceae Rehm Helotiaceae Rehm Synonymous Lopadostoma turgidum (Pers.) Traverso Hypoxylon mediterraneum (De Not.) Ces. & De Not. Lachnum niveum (R. Hedw.) P. Karst. Peroneutypa scoparia (Schwein.) Carmarán & A.I. Romero Helotium conscriptum P. Karst. Lasiosphaeria hirsuta (Fr.) Ces. & De Not. APPENDIX F- WOOD-DECAY PEZIZOMYCOTINA OF FAGUS SYLVATICA Species Neodasyscypha cerina (Pers.) Spooner Pachyella babingtonii (Berk.) Boud. Patellaria atrata (Hedw.) Fr. Pezicula carpinea (Pers.) Tul. ex Fuckel Propolis farinosa (Pers.) Fr. Quaternaria dissepta (Fr.) Tul. & C. Tul. Rhizodiscina lignyota (Fr.) Hafellner Rosellinia aquila (Fr.) Ces. & De Not. Order Helotiales Nannf. Pezizales J. Schröt. Patellariales D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss., Helotiales Nannf. Rhytismatales M.E. Barr ex Minter Xylariales Nannf. Patellariales D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss. Xylariales Nannf. Ruzenia spermoides (Hoffm.) O. Hilber ex A.N. Mill. & Huhndorf Sordariales Chad. ex D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss. Lasiosphaeriaceae Nannf. Ruzenia O. Hilber Sarcoscypha coccinea (Jacq.) Sacc. Scutellinia kerguelensis (Berk.) O. Kuntze Scutellinia scutellata (L.) Lambotte Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Grev. Xylaria juruensis Henn. Xylaria longipes Nitschke Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grev. Pezizales Pezizales Pezizales Xylariales Xylariales Xylariales Xylariales Sarcoscypha (Fr.) Boud. Scutellinia (Cooke) Lambotte Scutellinia (Cooke) Lambotte Xylaria Hill ex Schrank Xylaria Hill ex Schrank Xylaria Hill ex Schrank Xylaria Hill ex Schrank J. Schröt. J. Schröt. J. Schröt. Nannf. Nannf. Nannf. Nannf. Family Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Pezizaceae Dumort. Patellariaceae Corda Dermateaceae Fr. Rhytismataceae Chevall. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Patellariaceae Corda Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Sarcoscyphaceae Le Gal ex Eckblad Pyronemataceae Corda Pyronemataceae Corda Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Genus Neodasyscypha Suková & Spooner Pachyella Boud. Patellaria Fr. Pezicula Tul. & C. Tul. Propolis Fr. Quaternaria Tul. & C. Tul. Rhizodiscina Hafellner Rosellinia De Not. Synonymous Lachnum cerinum (Pers.) Nannf. Propolis alba (DC.) Fr. Eutypella dissepta (Fr.) Rappaz Lasiosphaeria spermoides (Hoffm.) Ces. & De Not. APPENDIX G-ITALIAN WOOD-DECAY PEZIZOMYCOTINA OF QUERCUS SPP. Species Order Family Annulohypoxylon multiforme (Fr.) Y.M. Ju, J.D. Rogers Xylariales Nannf. & H.M. Hsieh Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Anthostoma decipiens (DC.) Nitschke Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Anthostoma dryophilum (Curr.) Sacc. Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Arachnopeziza aurata Fuckel =Arachnopeziza nivea Lorton Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Arachnopeziza aurelia (Pers.) Fuckel Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Bertia moriformis (Tode) De Not. Coronophorales Nannf. Bertiaceae Smyk Bertia moriformis var. multiseptata Sivan. Coronophorales Nannf. Bertiaceae Smyk Biscognauxia nummularia (Bull.) Kuntze Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Biscogniauxia mediterranea (De Not.) Kuntze =Hypoxylon mediterraneum (De Not.) Ces. & De Not. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Bisporella citrina (Batsch) Korf & S.E. Carp. Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis Bisporella subpallida (Rehm) Dennis Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis Botryosphaeria hoffmanni Höhn. Botryosphaeriales Schoch, Crous & Shoemaker Botryosphaeriaceae Theiss. & P. Syd. Bulgaria inquinans (Pers.) Fr. Leotiales Korf & Lizon Bulgariaceae Fr. Calosphaeria dryina (Curr.) Nitschke Calosphaeriales M.E. Barr Calosphaeriaceae Munk Camarops microspora (P. Karst.) Shear Boliniales P.F. Cannon. Boliniaceae Rick Camarops tubulina (Alb. & Schwein.) Shear =Endoxyla operculata (Alb. & Schwein.) Sacc. Boliniales P.F. Cannon. Boliniaceae Rick Capronia nigerrima (R.R. Bloxam) M.E. Barr Chaetothyriales M.E. Barr Herpotrichiellaceae Munk Chlorociboria aeruginascens (Nyl.) Kanouse & C.S. Ramamurthi, Korf & L.R. Batra Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis Claussenomyces atrovirens (Pers.) Korf & Abawi Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae Rehm Colpoma quercinum (Pers.) Wallr. Rhytismatales M.E. Barr ex Minter Rhytismataceae Chevall. Coniochaeta pulveracea (Ehrh.) Munk Coniochaetales Huhndorf, A.N. Mill. & F.A. Fern. Coniochaetaceae Malloch & Cain Daldinia concentrica (Bolton) Ces. & De Not. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Daldinia martinii M. Stadler, Venturella & Wollw. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Daldinia raimundi M. Stadler, Venturella & Wollw. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. APPENDIX G-ITALIAN WOOD-DECAY PEZIZOMYCOTINA OF QUERCUS SPP. Species Order Family Dasyscyphella nivea (R. Hedw.) Raitv =Lachnum niveum (R. Hedw.) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Diaporthe oncostoma (Duby) Fuckel Diaporthales Nannf. Diaporthaceae Höhn. ex Wehm. Diatrype disciformis (Hoffm.) Fr. Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Diatrype stigma (Hoffm.) Fr. Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Diatrypella quercina (Pers.) Cooke Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Durella macrospora Fuckel Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae Rehm Euepixylon udum (Pers.) Læssøe & Spooner =Hypoxylon udum (Pers.) Fr. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Eutypa flavovirens (Pers.) Tul. & C. Tul. Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Eutypella scoparia (Schwein.) Ellis & Everh. =Peroneutypa scoparia (Schwein.) Carmarán & A.I. Romero Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Hyaloscypha hyalina (Pers.) Boud. Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Hymenoscyphus calyculus (Sowerby) W. Phillips =Helotium conscriptum P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae Rehm Hymenoscyphus monticola (Berk.) Baral =Phaeohelotium monticola (Berk.) Dennis Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae Rehm Hypocrea aureoviridis Plowr. & Cooke Hypocreales Lindau Hypocreaceae De Not. Hypocrea gelatinosa (Tode) Fr. Hypocreales Lindau Hypocreaceae De Not. Hypoxylon fragiforme (Pers.) J. Kickx f. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Hypoxylon fuscum (Pers.) Fr. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Hypoxylon howeanum Peck Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Hypoxylon rubiginosum (Pers.) Fr. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Hypoxylon rutilum Tul. & C. Tul. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Hysterium angustatum Alb. & Schwein. Hysteriales Lindau Hysteriaceae Chevall. Hysterium pulicare Pers. Hysteriales Lindau Hysteriaceae Chevall. Kretzschmaria deusta (Hoffm.) P.M.D. Martin Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Lachnum bicolor (Bull.) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Lachnum brevipilosum Baral Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. APPENDIX G-ITALIAN WOOD-DECAY PEZIZOMYCOTINA OF QUERCUS SPP. Species Order Family Lachnum virgineum (Batsch) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Lasiosphaeria ovina (Pers.) Ces. & De Not. Sordariales Chad. ex D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss. Lasiosphaeriaceae Nannf. Lentomitella cirrhosa (Pers.) Réblová =Endoxyla cirrhosa (Pers.) E. Müll. & Arx Boliniales P.F. Cannon. Boliniaceae Rick Mollisia cinerea (Batsch) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae Fr. Mollisia discolor var. longispora Le Gal Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae Fr. Mollisia ligni (Desm.) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae Fr. Mollisia ramealis P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae Fr. Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. Hypocreales Lindau Nectriaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Nectria sanguinea (Sibth.) Fr. Hypocreales Lindau Nectriaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Nemania serpens (Pers.) Gray Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Patellaria atrata (Hedw.) Fr. Patellariales D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss., Patellariaceae Corda Peziza varia (Hedw.) Fr. =Peziza repanda Pers. Pezizales J. Schröt. Pezizaceae Dumort. Propolis farinosa (Pers.) Fr. =Propolis alba (DC.) Fr. Rhytismatales M.E. Barr ex Minter Rhytismataceae Chevall. Rhizodiscina lignyota (Fr.) Hafellner Patellariales D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss. Patellariaceae Corda Rosellinia aquila (Fr.) Ces. & De Not. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Ruzenia spermoides (Hoffm.) O. Hilber ex A.N. Mill. & Huhndorf =Lasiosphaeria spermoides (Hoffm.) Ces. & Sordariales Chad. ex D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss. Lasiosphaeriaceae Nannf. De Not. Sarcoscypha coccinea (Jacq.) Sacc. Pezizales J. Schröt. Sarcoscyphaceae Le Gal ex Eckblad Scutellinia scutellata (L.) Lambotte Pezizales J. Schröt. Pyronemataceae Corda Strossmayeria basitricha (Sacc.) Dennis Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae Rehm Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Grev. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grev. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. APPENDIX H-WOOD-DECAY PEZIZOMYCOTINA OF QUERCUS ILEX Species Order Family Arachnopeziza aurata Fuckel =Arachnopeziza nivea Lorton Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Biscognauxia nummularia (Bull.) Kuntze Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Biscogniauxia mediterranea (De Not.) Kuntze =Hypoxylon mediterraneum (De Not.) Ces. & De Not. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Bisporella citrina (Batsch) Korf & S.E. Carp. Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis Bulgaria inquinans (Pers.) Fr. Leotiales Korf & Lizon Bulgariaceae Fr. Chlorociboria aeruginascens (Nyl.) Kanouse & C.S. Ramamurthi, Korf & L.R. Batra Helotiales Nannf. Incertae sedis Daldinia concentrica (Bolton) Ces. & De Not. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Daldinia raimundi M. Stadler, Venturella & Wollw. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Dasyscyphella nivea (R. Hedw.) Raitv =Lachnum niveum (R. Hedw.) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Diatrypella quercina (Pers.) Cooke Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Hymenoscyphus calyculus (Sowerby) W. Phillips =Helotium conscriptum P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Helotiaceae Rehm Hypoxylon fragiforme (Pers.) J. Kickx f. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Hypoxylon fuscum (Pers.) Fr. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Hypoxylon rubiginosum (Pers.) Fr. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Hysterium pulicare Pers. Hysteriales Lindau Hysteriaceae Chevall. Lachnum brevipilosum Baral Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Lachnum virgineum (Batsch) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Hyaloscyphaceae Nannf. Mollisia cinerea (Batsch) P. Karst. Helotiales Nannf. Dermateaceae Fr. Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. Hypocreales Lindau Nectriaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Nectria sanguinea (Sibth.) Fr. Hypocreales Lindau Nectriaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Nemania serpens (Pers.) Gray Xylariales Nannf. Diatrypaceae Nitschke Peziza varia (Hedw.) Fr. =Peziza repanda Pers. Pezizales J. Schröt. Sarcoscypha coccinea (Jacq.) Sacc. Pezizales J. Schröt. Scutellinia scutellata (L.) Lambotte Pezizales J. Schröt. Pezizaceae Dumort. Sarcoscyphaceae Le Gal ex Eckblad Pyronemataceae Corda Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Grev. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grev. Xylariales Nannf. Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul. APPENDIX I-THE TWENTY ITALIAN WOOD-DECAY PEZIZOMYCOTINA THAT APPEAR IN RED LISTS OF OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES TOO Species Countries and status Biscogniauxia marginata (Fr.) Pouzar NE, Norway; DD, Sweden Biscogniauxia mediterranea (De Not.) Kuntze =Hypoxylon mediterraneum (De Not.) Ces. & De Not. RE, Netherland Catinella olivacea (Batsch) Boud. NT, Czech Republic; R(1997) Denmark; 3, France; SU, Netherland Chlorencoelia versiformis (Pers.) J.R. Dixon 3, Austria; RE(1997) Denmark; NT, Finland; EN, Great Britain; LC, Norway; R, Poland; 3, Russia Chlorociboria aeruginosa (Oeder) Seaver ex C.S. Ramamurthi, Korf & L.R. Batra R(1997), Denmark; R, Poland; LC, Norway Hymenoscyphus monticola (Berk.) Baral =Phaeohelotium monticola (Berk.) Dennis VU, Switzerland Hypocrea schweinitzii (Fr.) Sacc. R(1997) Denmark Peziza domiciliana Cooke CR, Netherland; NE, Norway Peziza obtusapiculata J. Moravec DD, Croatia; E(1997), Denmark; very rare/potentially endangered, Germany Peziza subisabellina (Le Gal) Trimbach =Pachyella subisabellina Vulnerable, Germany; SU, Netherland (Le Gal) Trimbach Peziza paludicola (Boud.) Sacc. & Traverso =Peziza udicola Svrček Plectania melastoma (Sowerby) Fuckel VU, Croatia; EN, Czech Republic; V(1997), Denmark; 4, Francia; critically endangered, Germania; SU, Netherland; NT, Norway; R, Poland; DD, Slovakia; EN, Switzerland Plectania platensis (Speg.) Rifai =Plectania rhytidia f.ma platensis Speg. EN, Croatia Protocrea farinosa (Berk. & Broome) Petch R(1997) Denmark; NE, Norway Sarcoscypha jurana (Boud.) Baral DD, Czech Republic; endangered, Germany Scutellinia nigrohirtula (Svrček) Le Gal VU, Switzerland Scutellinia pilatii (Velen.) Svrček EN, Croatia Scutellinia setosa (Nees) Kuntze 3, France; very rare/potentially endangered, Germany; VU, Switzerland Vibrissea truncorum (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. 4, Austria; VU, Croatia; NT, Czech Republic; E (1997), Denmark; data deficient, France; LC, Norway; R, Poland; NT, Slovakia Xylaria guepinii (Fr.) Ces. 1, Francia; RE, Great Britain; RE, Netherland

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