The Dzhizak Province is a large administrative region of the Republic of Uzbekistan located in the central part of the country, between two large rivers, Syrdarya and Zeravschan. There are represented all altitudinal zones and the majority of ecosystems and vegetation types of Central Asia. The territory of the Dzhizak Province is divided into two physiographical parts. The northern plain part includes the Kyzylkum Desert, the Aydar-Arnasay lake system, and the Hungry Steppe depression in the middle reaches of the Syrdarya River. The southern mountainous part includes Turkestan Range and its western spurs, Malguzar and Nuratau mountains. The highest and lowest points are 4029 m and 240 m above sea level, respectively. This area is characterized by rich plant diversity with a large number of endemic, endangered species, and species of global economic importance. The Flora of the Dzhizak Province, Uzbekistan has been compiled for the first time. It includes 1965 species of 613 genera and 105 families of vascular plants, among which 51 species are red-listed at the national level. The book contains following information of species: life form, habitat, altitudinal zone, distribution within province, conservation status, and economic use. Photographs of selected plant species and landscapes are provided. Ｐ）数据 图书在版编目（ＣＩ 乌兹别克斯坦吉扎克省植物 = Flora of the Dzhizak Province,Uzbekistam : 英文 / ( 乌兹 ) 托基比 夫·科米尔杰恩等著 . -- 北京 : 中国林业出版社 , 2020.6 （“一带一路”沿线植物多样性保护研究） ISBN 978-7-5219-0519-5 Ⅰ . ①乌… Ⅱ . ①托… Ⅲ . ①植物－生物多样性－生 物资源保护－乌兹别克－英文 Ⅳ . ① Q948.536.2 中国版本图书馆 CIP 数据核字 (2020) 第 089026 号 中 国 林 业出 版 社 · 自 然 保 护 分社（国家公园分社） 策划编辑：肖静 责任编辑：肖静 出版发行 发 印 版 印 开 印 字 定 行 刷 次 次 本 张 数 价 中国林业出版社（100009 北京市西城区德内大街刘海胡同 7 号） https:// www.forestry.gov.cn/lycb.html 电话：（010）83143577 中国林业出版社 河北京平诚乾印刷有限公司 2020 年 9 月第 1 版 2020 年 9 月第 1 版 889mm×1194mm 1/16 32.75 400 千字 500.00 元 未经许可，不得以任何方式复制或抄袭本书的部分或全部内容。 © 版权所有，侵权必究。 FOREWORD Dzhizak Province is the large region in the central part of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which has a unique history, great political, economic and spiritual status, and this region has a great importance for the development of science, culture and tourism. Dzhizak Province is characterized by outstanding diversity of natural landscapes and wildlife, including a large number of endemic, rare species, and species of global economic importance. There are represented different ecosystems and cultural landscapes: deserts and lakes, foothills and mountains, croplands and pastures, gardens and vineyards. The territory has colourful natural landscapes. In the mountains of Zaamin, Bakhmal and Forish districts with an exotic relief and temperate climate, there are juniper, almond and walnut forests, and valuable medicinal and ornamental plants. The plant diversity of the Dzhizak Province is extremely rich, and its detailed study is very important. This book provides detailed information about almost 2000 wild-growing plant species of the Dzhizak Province, as well as their images. This is the fruitful result of extensive joint research performed by Uzbek and Chinese botanists. Uzbekistan and China are neighbors and partners along the belt and road. In recent years, the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan has been working more and more closely with the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In particular, the Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, within the framework of projects devoted to the study and protection of plant diversity, sustainable use of plant resources in the two countries, have made good achievements in joint scientific researches, personnel training and other aspects. The Global Allium Garden with Kunming center and Tashkent center has been created in collaboration of Chinese and Uzbek sides. These unique living collections conserve and display the outstanding global diversity of Allium species, provide resource support for systematic and thorough research on this group of plants, knowledge dissemination, education, environmental protection, etc. Academician Yuldashev Bekhzod Sadikovich The President of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan 4 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN PREFACE The Republic of Uzbekistan is located in the heart of the Eurasian continent and occupies a position of great bio-geographical importance. The territory of Uzbekistan characterized by rich biological and landscape diversity belongs to the Iran-Turanian region in the Tethyan (Ancient Mediterranian) floristic subkingdom of Holarctic kingdom, which is one of major centers of plant diversity in the world (Takhtajan, 1986). Ecosystems of Uzbekistan are included in the list of key ecological regions of our planet (Olson & Dinerstein, 2002). Flora of vascular plants of Uzbekistan is rich with a large number of crop wild relatives, relicts, endemic and endangered species. Considerable diversity of plants can be explained by the geographic position and huge area of the country, as well as wide spectrum of physiographic factors and complicated geological history. The unique centers of origin and diversity of many genera are revealed on the territory of the country. However, it is necessary to note that the ecosystems of the country have been influenced by human activities since ancient times; anthropogenic impact has increased considerably in recent decades. Floristic surveys in Uzbekistan were started more than 150 years ago, and the first edition of Flora of Uzbekistan was published in 6 volumes (1941–1962). This treatment includes 4,148 species of vascular plants (3,663 of them are native for Uzbekistan, and 485 are naturalized, alien and cultivated taxa). However, at the present stage of our knowledge, this fundamental synopsis and the data on distribution of many plant species were significantly outdated. Currently, non-published database of the flora of Uzbekistan counts more than 4,375 species; thus, at least 712 wild-growing species were added to the national checklist after issue of the first edition of the Flora of Uzbekistan (Sennikov et al., 2016). Detailed study of plant diversity became extremely important in the last decades in connection with current trends and approaches in plant sciences and biodiversity conservation. Protection and sustainable use of biodiversity are priority directions of state ecological policy in Uzbekistan. The National Strategy and Action Plan on CBD (1998) includes identification, sampling and monitoring of flora and vegetation (The Fifth National Report, 2015). Compilation of national and regional floristic checklists has a special significance, as well as the assessment of populations of economic valuable and endangered plants does so. The Flora of Uzbekistan Project aimed at taxonomical revision of the national flora was started in 2012, and the first two volumes of the second edition of PREFACE Flora of Uzbekistan were published (Sennikov, 2016, 2017). Synopses of flora were compiled for some large bio-geographical and administrative regions of the country. In this book, the results of inventory of flora of the Dzhizak Province, a large administrative region of the Republic of Uzbekistan, are represented for the first time. The Dzhizak Province has been chosen as the study area because this territory is located in the central part of the country and characterized by rich plant diversity with a large number of endemic and rare species. There are represented all altitudinal zones and the majority of ecosystems of Central Asia, including deserts, foothills, mountains, highlands and wetlands. The synopsis of the flora of the Dzhizak Province has been compiled on the basis of the data of our field surveys, analysis of TASH herbarium collections, publications, and scientific reports. We hope that this book will become a reliable source for further studies and nature conservation planning, and will be useful for botanists, ecologists, staff of nature reserves and national parks, students, educators, and amateur-naturalists. The study has been performed within the framework of the Uzbek state research projects I5FA-0-17440 and BA-FA-F5-010 and supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific ExPedition and Research (STEP) Program (2019QZKK0502), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA20050203), the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (151853KYSB20160021) as well as the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (151853KYSB20180009). We would like to extend special thanks to the Institute of Botany of Academy Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Bureau of International Cooperation of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the Kunming Institute of Botany of CAS and the CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia for supporting the study and to the China Forestry Publishing House for publishing this book. 5 6 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN CONTENTS FOREWORD / 3 PREFACE / 4 STUDY AREA / 7 INVENTORY OF THE FLORA / 24 POLYPODIOPHYTA [FERNS] / 33 GYMNOSPERMAE [GYMNOSPERMS] / 39 ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] / 47 LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] / 135 REFERENCES / 499 INDEX OF LATIN NAMES / 507 STUDY AREA The Dzhizak Province (Jizzax Viloyati in Uzbek) has been established in 1973. It is a large administrative region of the Republic of Uzbekistan located in the central part of the country. The total area is 21.210 km2 (approximately 5% of the country), 23% are occupied with arable lands, 2.2% with gardens and vineyards, 36% with pastures, and 7.7% are forested. The average population density is 54 people/km2. The province is divided into 12 administrative districts: Arnasay, Bakhmal, Dustlik, Farish, Gallaaral, Mirzachul, Pakhtakor, Sharaf Rashidov, Yangiabad, Zaamin, Zafarabad and Zarbdar. The Dzhizak Province borders with the Syrdarya Province to the east and north-east, with the Navoi Province to the west, with the Samarkand Province and Tajikistan to the south, and with Kazakhstan to the north. The economy of the province is primarly based on agriculture; cotton and wheat are the main crops, and extensive irrigation is used. Approximately 80% of population lives in rural areas. The industry, mining operations and transportation infrastructure also are welldeveloped (www.jizzax.uz; www.stat.uz). The study area is located between two large rivers, Syrdarya and Zeravschan. The territory of the Dzhizak Province is divided into two physiographical parts (Figure A). The northern plain part includes the desert of south-eastern Kyzylkum, the Aydar-Arnasay lake system located in the large saline depression, and the Hungry Steppe depression in the middle reaches of the Syrdarya River. The southern mountainous part includes Turkestan Ridge and its western spurs, Malguzar and Nuratau mountains. The natural boundary between plain and mountainous part of the Dzhizak Province runs approximately at 380–400 m.s.l.a in the west (piedmonts of the Nuratau Ridge), and 480–500 m.s.l. in the east (piedmonts of the Turkestan Ridge). The highest and lowest points are 4029 m (Mt. Shaukartau, Turkestan Ridge) and 240 m.s.l. (the shore of Aydar-Arnasay lake system), respectively (Aramov, 2012). The plain part of region has been transformed significantly due to human activity. Up to the middle of the 20th Century, the Aydar salt marsh and a number of small salty lakes were located in the large drainless depression in the south-eastern edge of Kyzylkum. With the beginning of intensive agricultural development of the Hungry Steppe, this depression used to evacuate the drainage water from irrigated lands. In 1969, the water level was extremely high; more than 21210 km2 of a m.s.l.=meter(s) above sea level. 8 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure A Physiographical map of the Dzhizak Province water was discharged from the Chardara Reservoir, the Aydar salt marsh was flooded completely, and a large drainless salty Aydar-Arnasay lake system was formed. At the present time, this anthropogenic water body holds the 4th position in Central Asia in order of size, after the Aral Sea, Balkhash and Issyk-Kul. In the past, an alluvial-proluvial plain on the left bank of the Syrdarya River called the Hungry Steppe or Mirzachul was an almost waterless desert with ephemeroid vegetation and fragments of salt marshes. At present, almost the entire territory of Hungry Steppe is occupied by irrigated crop lands and settlements. The climate is continental (Csa and BWk according to the Köppen climate classification), with high amplitudes of daily, monthly and annual air temperature, low precipitation and high intensity of solar radiation. In general, the winter is moderately cold, and summer is hot and dry. There are significant differences among the climates of different natural regions of the province related to their geomorphology. The continentality of climate and contrast seasonal changes is much more expressed in the desert areas than in the mountains. The vast arid plain of Kyzylkum, located in the north and north-west, and huge mountain ranges in the south and southeast have a great influence on the climate of the Dzhizak Province. Within the Dzhizak Province, the annual and monthly air temperature decreases from the south to the north and from the plain to the mountains. In the plain and piedmonts, the mean annual temperature STUDY AREA ranges from 12°C to 15°C, the mean temperature of July is +27–+29°C, and the mean temperature of January ranges from–4.4°C in the nortern part of the province to –0.1–0°C in piedmonts. The average duration of the no frost period in plain and foothills ranges from 170 to 230 days. The warmest area of the province is the piedmont plain of the Turkestan, Malguzar and Nuratau ridges (the mean annual temperature reaches 15.1°C, and the mean temperature of July reaches 29.4°C). The coldest area is the alpine zone of the Turkestan range (the mean annual temperature does not exceed 5°С, and the mean temperature of July is 11–16°С). The lowest temperature recorded in the province is –37°C, and the highest temperature is 48°C (Alibekov & Nishanov, 1978; Williams & Konovalov, 2008). The amount of precipitation and humidity increases from the northwest to the southeast and from the plain to the mountains. The mean annual precipitation is 150–200 mm in the plain, and 200–300 mm in foothills. In the montane and alpine zones, this indicator ranges from 300–400 mm (Nuratau Mts.) to 400–500 mm (Turkestan Ridge). Precipitation in the desert and foothill zones occurs mainly in the winter and spring period; the maximum is in March–April, and the dry period is July–September. In the mountains, the rainfall takes place throughout the year, but the maximum is in April–May (Alibekov & Nishanov, 1978; Williams & Konovalov, 2008). The Dzhizak Province is distinguished by outstanding diversity of flora and vegetation determined by its geographical location, natural conditions and wide variety of landscapes and habitats. The territory of the province is represented by all altitudinal zones, from the plain to highlands, the majority of Central Asian vegetation types and most types of ecosystems including sandy and clay desert, saline lands, wetlands, insular relic mountains, foothills, montane and alpine ecosystems. In accordance with phytogeographical division of Uzbekistan, the territory of the Dzhizak Province belongs to Nuratau and Kuhistan dictricts of Mountain Central Asian Province, and Middle Syrdarya and Kyzylkum districts of the Turan Province (Tojibaev et al., 2016; Tojibaev et al., 2017). The study area is divided into following phytogeographical regions: Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains and Aktau regions of the Nuratau district, North Turkestan and Malguzar regions of the Kuhistan dictrict, Mirzachul region of the Middle Syrdarya district, and Kyzylkum region of the Kyzylkum district (Figure B). Northern and north-western part of the Dzhizak Province belongs to the Kyzylkum region of the Kyzylkum district. This area includes the aeolian plain of the Southeastern Kyzylkum with fixed and semifixed sands, and the Aydar-Arnasay lake system with saline wetlands and small plots of tugay vegetation. The sand desert is covered with psammophilous woodlands of saxaul, sand acacia and Calligonum species, psammophilous shrubs, semishrubsand herbs (Zakirov, 1971, 1973, 1976, 1984). Before 1993-1995, the shore of the Aydar-Arnasay lake system was fringed with a wide belt of tugay vegetation (reeds and riparian woodlands of bloomy poplar, willow, oleaster and tamarisk). Since 1993, the Chardara Reservoir was overflowed with waters of the Syrdarya River several times. A huge volume of water was drained into the Aydar-Arnasay lake system, the water surface level was drastically increased, and large areas were flooded. Currently, tugay vegetation is represented mainly 9 10 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN with local plots of reeds, camel-thorn and tamarisks. Figure B Phytogeographical regions of the Dzhizak Province (according to Tojibaev et al., 2017) Notes：I. Central Asian Mountain Province: I-4 Nuratau district (I-4-a Nuratau, I-4-b Aktau, I-4-c Nuratau Relic Mountains). II. Turan Province: II-2 Middle-Syrdarya district (II-2-b Mirzachul), II-3 Kyzylkum (II-3-a Kyzylkum). Protected areas: 1—Nuratau Nature Reserve, 2—Zaamin Nature Reserve, 3—Zaamin National Park. The central and north-eastern part of the Dzhizak Province belongs to the Mirzachul region of the Middle Syrdarya district. The Mirzachul or Hungry Steppe is an alluvial-proluvial plain on the left bank of the Syrdarya River in its middle reaches between the throat of the Fergana valley in the east, the Chardara water reservoir, Aydar-Arnasay lake system and salt river Kly in the west, and foothills of Turkestan and Malguzar ridges on the south. At present, this region is densely populated and occupied by anthropogenic landscapes. Small areas of natural ecosystems with ephemeralephemeroid, saline and tugay vegetation can be found on the eastern shore of the Aydar-Arnasay lake system, in the piedmonts of the Turkestan and Malguzar ridges, and along the irrigation network (Zakirov, 1971, 1973, 1976, 1984). The region of Nuratau Relic Mountains include the insular ridges, Pistalitau (557 m.s.l.), Khanbandytag (476 m.s.l.), Egarbelistag (618 m.s.l.) and Balyklitau (581 m.s.l.), located at the southern edge of the Kyzylkum, to the north of the Nuratau ridge. They stretch parallel to the Nuratau Mountains from south-east to north-west. The largest of them is the Pistalitau ridge approximately 40 km long (Aramov, 2012). These small ridges are covered with sagebrush communities and STUDY AREA xerophytic shrublands. The general appearance of vegetation and dominant species is similar to that in the lower belts of the Nuratau and other mountain ridges of the North-Western Pamir-Alay (Batoshov & Beshko, 2013, 2015; Batoshov, 2016; Tojibaev et al., 2017). The territory of the Nuratau region includes the northern branch of the Nuratau Mountains (or North Nuratau Ridge) and is divided into two parts separated by the Saurbel pass: the Nuratau and Koytash ridges. The length of this middle-altitude mountain chain is approximately 200 km, and the highest peak named Khayat-bashi is 2169 m.s.l. (Aramov, 2012). The Nuratau ridge was formed in the late Proterozoic and early Paleozoic as a result of the Baikal and the Caledonian orogeny. It is one of the oldest mountains of Central Asia, almost unaffected by the Alpine orogeny. During transgressions of the Tethys Sea (Cretaceous– Paleogene), it was an isolated island. These circumstances contributed to the evolution of the autochthonous flora. In general, the vegetation has xerophytic character with an original type of vertical zonality determined by geographical position and natural conditions of the territory, but the majority of mountainous Central Asian vegetation types (except for alpine communities) are represented here. The piedmont plain named the Farish Steppe, and foothills of the Nuratau ridge (400–800 m.s.l.) are covered with ephemeroid–sagebrush and phlomis–ephemeroid communities. The stony slopes in the upper part of the foothills are occupied by petrophytic ephemeral–sagebrush vegetation and xerophytic shrublands. The montane zone (from 800 m.s.l. up to the crest of the ridge) has mosaic vegetation represented by tall grass and tall herb communities (so-called savannoids), forb-sagebrush, semishrub and dwarf shrub communities (so-called phryganoids), bunch grass steppes, spiny herbs and pulvinates (so-called mountain xerophytes), shrubs and open woodlands. This area is the most western point of the distribution of forests of Juniperus polycarpos var. seravschanica. In the past, juniper woodlands grew in the Nuratau Mountains, but they were cut down almost entirely by the beginning of the 20th century and were replaced with scrublands and tall grass communities. Small populations and solitary trees of Zeravshan juniper were still preserved in some remote places (Zakirov P., 1969, 1971; Zakirov K., 1971, 1973, 1976, 1984; Tojibaev et al., 2017). The Nuratau ridge is one of the three isolated sites of the relict walnut-fruit forests in Uzbekistan. The walnut-fruit stands occupy the valleys of the largest streams on the northern slope of the Nuratau ridge. Currently, they represent an original cultural landscape (so-called forest-garden) that has been transformed extensively by local people over the centuries-old horticultural activities. These gallery woodlands with 0.7–0.8 degree of density are composed by Juglans regia L., Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M. Roem, Prunus armeniaca L., Morus alba L., Acer semenovii Regel & Herder, Crataegus turkestanica Pojark., etc. Walnut-fruit forests of the Nuratau ridge accounts approximately 16.7 percent of the national area. In central part of Nuratau ridge, there is situated the Nuratau Nature Reserve (17.752 hectares, among which 2.303 are forested), a strictly protected area of Category I IUCN established in 1975. Flora of the Nuratau Nature Reserve numbers 835 species, 33 of them are red-listed at the national 11 12 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN level (Beshko et al., 2013). Aktau phytogeographical region includes the southern branch of the Nuratau Mountains, which consists of several small ridges. Within the study area, it is represented with the north slopes of Khobduntau and Karachatau ridges (1672 and 1101 m.s.l., respectively) situated in the south-western part of the Dzhizak Province (Aramov, 2012). Vegetation of of this territory is similar with foothills and lower part of montane zone of the Nuratau ridge. The southern and south-eastern part of the Dzhizak Province belongs to the North Turkestan phytogeographical region. This area covers the northern slope of the Turkestan ridge with the complete profile of altitudinal zones. The zone of foothills lies here between of 480–500 and 1000– 1300 m.s.l, montane zone is situated between 1000–1300 and 2800–3000 m.s.l., and upper part of the ridge (up of 2800–3000 m.s.l.) belongs to the alpine zone. The highest peak of the Dzhizak Province, Mt. Shaukartau (4029 m.s.l.) is located here (Aramov, 2012). This is the most humid area of the Dzhizak Province. The flora and vegetation of this area is distinguished by the significant diversity due to the strongly rugged terrain, large amplitude of elevations, and wide range of soil and climatic conditions. There are represented the semi-arid version of all piedmont and mountainous types of landscapes of Central Asia and almost all mountain types of vegetation. The piedmont plain and foothills are characterized by ephemeral-sagebrush and low herb ephemeral–ephemeroid communities, often with saltworts. Tall grass savannoids and xerophytic open woodlands replace them at 1000–1300 m.s.l. In river valleys, there are small plots of walnut–fruit forests. A thick belt of juniper forests begins at 1500–1700 m.s.l. In some areas, the juniper trees form stands with a stock density of 0.6–1.0. Juniperus polycarpos var. seravschanica（Kom.）Kitam., J. semiglobosa Regel, and J. pseudosabina Fisch. & C. A. Mey. dominates in the lower, middle, and upper part of the juniper belt, respectively. Despite the rich diversity of deciduous trees and shrubs represented with maple, hawthorn, Sievers apple, cherry-plum, honeysuckle, and other species, broad-leaved woodlands not play a notable role in the landscape.The vegetation of highlands is comprised of juniper elfin wood, bunchgrass steppes, mountain xerophytes and alpine meadows (Demurina, 1975; Konnov, 1973, 1990; Zakirov K., 1971, 1973, 1976, 1984; Esankulov, 2012; Khassanov et al., 2013; Tojibaev, 2017). The Zaamin Nature Reserve is situated here, it is one of the oldest nature reserves in Central Asia established in 1926 under the name Guralash Reserve. At the present time, the area of the nature reserve is 26.840 hectares (22.137 hectares are forested). The check-list of flora of the Zaamin Nature Reserve includes 1216 plant species (Khassanov et al., 2013). In the east, the reserve borders with the territory of the Zaamin National Park (23.894 hectares) established in 1976. A synopsis of the flora of the national park is still incomplete (Beshko et al., 2013a). The Malguzar phytogeographical region includes the Malguzar ridge (2620 m.s.l.), a northwestern spur of the Turkestan ridge stretching about 80 km and separated from the Turkestan ridge by the Zaaminsu River valley in the east and the Sanzar river valley in the south (Aramov, 2012). The gorge called Tamerlane’s Gate is the border between the Malguzar and Nuratau STUDY AREA ridges. The northern slope of the ridge faces the Hungry Steppe, which is almost completely occupied by arable land. The vegetation of Malguzar and the northern slope of the Turkestan ridge is similar (Demurina, 1975; Zakirov K., 1971, 1973, 1976, 1984). There are arid and semi-arid piedmont and mountain landscapes, and most mountain vegetation types (except for highlands). As on the Turkestan ridge, the foothills are covered with ephemeroid and ephemeroid–sagebrush communities. The vegetation of the montane zone is represented with savannoids, fescue steppes, xerophytic shrubs, juniper woodlands with small plots of broadleaved stands. The natural boundary between foothills and montane zone lies at the same elevations as in the northern slope of the Turkestan ridge. The differences between the flora and vegetation of the Malguzar and North Turkestan phytogeographical regions (e.g., the absence of alpine plants and communities) are explained by the relatively low altitude and xeric conditions of the Malguzar ridge (Demurina, 1975; Azimova, 2017; Tojibaev et al., 2017). Uzbekistan is the most densely populated country in Central Asia, and the ecosystems of the Dzhizak Province have been influenced by human activities since ancient times. Anthropogenic impact has increased considerably since the second half of the 20th century. Indigenous vegetation communities have been transformed extensively, except for remote desert and mountain areas. In the Hungry Steppe, natural ecosystems have been replaced almost completely by arable lands and settlements. In the piedmonts, large areas are covered by rainfed crops and fallow lands with ruderal vegetation. In the mountainous part of the Province, the main threats influencing the plant diversity are excessive grazing and clear-cutting of trees and shrubs. Forests and open woodlands are under serious threat from over-exploitation, over-grazing and desertification. In this connection, the study and analysis of historical and current distribution of plant species and communities within this large region of the country is extremely important. Landscapes of South-eastern Kyzylkum and sandy desert with a giant Umbelliferae Ferula foetida（photography by N. Yu. Beshko） 13 14 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Landscapes of South-eastern Kyzylkum and psammophilous woodlands of white saxaul Haloxylon persicum (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) STUDY AREA Aydar-Arnasay lake system（photography by N. Yu. Beshko) Aydar-Arnasay lake system, a view from the ridge Pistalitau (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 15 16 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN The insular ridge Balyklitau (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) Piedmonts of the ridge Nuratau (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) STUDY AREA Landscapes of the Nuratau ridge (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 17 18 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Landscapes of the Nuratau ridge and the rock massif Parrandas (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) Landscapes of the Nuratau ridge and spiny almond communities in foothills (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) STUDY AREA Landscapes of the Nuratau ridge and the walnut-fruit gallery forest (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 19 20 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Landscapes of the Nuratau ridge and tall grass communities and xerophytic shrublands (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) Landscapes of the Nuratau ridge and mountain xerophytes (photographby N. Yu. Beshko) STUDY AREA Landscapes of the Turkestan ridge and juniper forests (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 21 22 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Landscapes of the Malguzar ridge (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) STUDY AREA Landscapes of Mirzachul (Hungry Steppe) and Papaver pavoninum on the fallow lands (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) Landscapes of Mirzachul (Hungry Steppe) and saline lands (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 23 24 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN INVENTORY OF THE FLORA First botanical expeditions in the territory that currently belongs to the Dzhizak Province were conducted in the Sanzar river basin and surroundings of the town Dzhizak by A. Fedtschenko (1866), P. Capus and G. Bonvalot (1881), A. Regel (1882), and V. I. Lipsky (1890). Many naturalists and officials, who worked in Central Asia in the late 19th century, also collected herbarium specimens and contributed to the accumulation of floristic data. The systematic and purposeful study of the flora and vegetation of Central Asia began in the 1910s. Several significant botanical expeditions were carried out in the first half of the 20th century and in 1950 –1970s on the Turkestan, Malguzar and Nuratau Ranges and in the Hungry Steppe. The studies of this period have been focused on applied purposes, mainly on an investigation of the vegetation cover and resource plants. The most important collections in this region were made by B. A. Fedtschenko, E. P. Korovin, V. P. Drobow, M. G. Popov, I. I. Sprygin, M. V. Kultiassov, B. S. Zakrzczewsky, S. N. Kudrjashev, P. A. Gomolitsky, M. M. Sovetkina, E. M. Demurina, E. E. Korotkova, O. E. Knorring, A. I. Vvedensky, L. L. Bulgakova, L. I. Nazarenko, P. K. Zakirov, and R. V. Kamelin. Essay on the Vegetation of the Pistalitau Mountains by M. V. Kultiassov (1923), Plant Formations of the Nurata Valley (1923) and Vegetation of Middle Asia and South Kazakhstan (1934; 1961; 1962) by E. P. Korovin, Vegetation of the Khobduntau and Karachatau Mountains by S. N. Kudrjashev (1930), Vegetation of the Guralash Nature Reserve and Zaamin Forestry by M. G. Popov and N. V. Androssov (1937), Flora and Vegetation of the Zeravschan River Basin by K. Z. Zakirov (1955, 1962), Vegetation Cover of the Nuratau Mountains (1969) and Botanical Geography of Low Mountains of Kyzylkum and Nuratau Ridge (1971) by P. K. Zakirov, Vegetation of the Western Part of Turkestan Ridge and Its Spurs by E. M Demurina (1975), To the Knowledge of the Flora of Nuratau Mountains (1973) and The Kuhistan District of Mountainous Middle Asia (1979) by R.V. Kamelin should be cited as the most important publications of the second half of the 20th century dedicated to the plant diversity of this region. Several new studies have been performed since 2000 (Beshko, 2000a, 2000b, 2011; Tirkasheva, 2011; Botirova, 2012; Esankulov, 2012; Khassanov et al., 2013; Batoshov, 2016; Azimova, 2017), a number of new species have been described from this territory and dozens of new records were found. Analysis of obtained data allows us to give a summary of floristic studies in the Dzhizak Province. The synopsis of flora of the Dzhizak Province of the Republic of Uzbekistan has been compiled for INVENTORY OF THE FLORA the first time as a result of analysis of a huge volume of data of our long-term field surveys, revision of herbarium material stored in TASH, LE and MW, publications, and reports (Azimova, 2017; Batoshov & Beshko, 2013, 2015; Batoshov, 2016; Belolipov, 1973; Beshko, 2000a, 2000b, 2011; Beshko & Azimova, 2013, 2014; Beshko et al., 2013, 2014; Botirova, 2012; Botschantzev et al., 1961; Conspectus Florae Asiae Mediae (1963–1993); Demurina, 1975; Esankulov, 2012; Flora of Tajikistan (1957–1991); Flora of Uzbekistan (1941–1962); Kamelin, 1973a, 1973b, 1979, 1990; Khassanov, 2015; Khassanov et al, 2013; Konnov, 1973, 1990; Korovin, 1923; Kudrjashev, 1930; Kultiassov, 1923; Popov & Androsov, 1937; Sennikov, 2016, 2017; Tirkasheva, 2011; Tojibaev & Beshko, 2007, 2015; Tojibaev et al., 2015; Zakirov, 1955, 1962; Zakirov & Burygin, 1956; Zakirov, 1969, 1971). The Flora of the Dzhizak Province, Uzbekistan contains information about plant species arranged in the following order: currently accepted scientific name, commonly-used synonymy (optional), life form, habitat, altitudinal zone, distribution in the Province, character of use, conservation status (for nationally or globally red-listed species). Families and genera of ferns in the checklist are arranged in accordance with the modern classification that was recently proposed by the Pteridophytes Phylogeny Group (Christenhusz et al., 2011a), Gymnosperms are arranged according to Christenhusz et al. (2011b), flowering plants are arranged in accordance with the APG system (APG IV, 2016). Species are arranged in alphabetic order. Accepted names of species are provided in accordance with The Plant List database (www.theplantlist. org), databases and recently published treatments of different taxonomical groups (Akhani et al., 2007; Al-Shehbaz et al., 2014; Clayton et al., 2006; Degtjareva et al., 2013; Downie et al., 2010; Egorova, 1999; http://www.e-monocot.org/; Hill, 2017; Horandl & Emadzade, 2012; www.ildis.com; Khassanov & Rakhimova N. 2012; Lammers, 2007; Lazkov, 2016; Lopez-Vinyallonga et al., 2009, 2011; Podlech & Zarre, 2013; Salmaki et al., 2012; Sennikov, 2016, 2017; The Global Compositae Checklist, 2009; The Gymnosperm Database, 2017; The World Umbellifer Database, 1999; Tsvelev, 1983; Wiegleb et al., 2017). Citation of authorship of taxa corresponds to the Authors of Plants Names (Brummitt & Powell, 1992) and the International Plant Names Index (www.ipni.org). Altitudinal distribution is provided with the following elevation zones: plains, foothills, montane zone, and alpine zone (their natural boundaries were described above). The distribution of species within the Dzhizak Province was indicated according to the scheme of phytogeographical regions of Uzbekistan (Tojibaev et al., 2017). Character of economical use of plants is done in accordance with published data (Plant Resources of the U. S. S. R., 1984–1996; Larin, 1956; Gammerman & Grom, 1976; Nikitin, 1983; Kurmikov & Belolipov, 2012, etc.). IUCN RL is the abbreviation for the IUCN Red List (www.iucnredlist.org). UzbRDB is the abbreviation for the Red Data Book of Uzbekistan (2009), and categories of threatened species used in that book are employed as follows: 0 (extinct species) — corresponds to EX or EW categories of the IUCN Red List, 1 (endangered, disappearing species) — meets CR or EN categories of IUCN, 2 (rare species) — meets VU 25 26 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN category of IUCN and 3 (declining species) — corresponds to NT category of IUCN. The checklist presented below includes 1965 species of 613 genera and 105 families of vascular plants occurring in the wild in the study area including naturalized aliens. Alien taxa are marked with an asterisk. The assessment of alien status is based on analysis of publications and online databases (Nikitin, 1983; IUCN/ISSG, 2014; CABI, 2017). There are 44 species of trees and 116 shrubs, among which 11 species can have a habit of tree or shrub; 108 species of semi-shrubs; 1062 perennial herbs, among which 61 biennial, 516 annual; 46 herbaceous plants can have different life forms (annual, biennial or perennial). The number of plant species recorded for different phytogeographical regions of the Dzhizak Province is shown in Table 1. The leading families and genera are represented in Table 2, and ratio of life forms is shown in Table 3. Only 5 species of the flora of the Dzhizak Province are assessed as globally threatened (CR, EN, VU) on the IUCN Red List (www.iucnredlist.org), and 3 species are assessed as Near Threatened (Table 4). Only one species among them (Lonicera paradoxa Pojark.) is red-listed at the national level. The status of Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco is uncertain because the species was naturalized in different Asian countries in ancient times, but many botanists regarded Platycladus in Uzbekistan as native and Tertiary relic. The list of plants included in the Red Data Book of Uzbekistan is represented with 51 species, most of them (42 species) occur within protected areas (Table 5). Following 20 species of the flora of the Dzhizak Province are endemic to the Nuratau Mountains: Acantholimon nuratavicum Zakirov ex Lincz., Acantholimon subavenaceum Lincz., Acantolimon zakirovii Beshko, Arctium pallidivirens (Kult.) S. López, Romaschenko, Susanna & N. Garcia [Anura pallidivirens (Kult.) Tscherneva], Cousinia botschantzevii Juz. ex Tscherneva, Dianthus helenae Vved., Dracoсephalum nuratavicum Adylov, Eremurus nuratavicus A. P. Khohkr., Helichrysum nuratavicum Krasch., Jurinea zakirovii Iljin, Lagochilus olgae Kamelin, Lagochilus proskorjakovii Ikramov, Lappula nuratavica Nabiev & Zakirov, Lepidium olgae (R. M. Vinogr.) Al-Shehbaz & Mummenhoff (Stubendorffia olgae R.Vinogradova), Oxytropis pseudorosea Filim., Parrya nuratensis Botsch. & Vved., Phlomis nubilans Zakirov, Phlomoides anisochila (Pazij & Vved.) Salmaki, Salvia submutica Botsch. & Vved., Thymus subnervosus Vved., Nabiev & Tulyag. One species, Ferula helenae Rakhm. & Melibaev, is endemic to the insular low mountains located to the north of the Nuratau ridge. One species, Eremurus chloranthus Popov, is endemic to the Turkestan ridge. Two species are endemic to the Malguzar ridge: Allium levichevii F. O. Khass. & N. Sulejm. and Oxytropis kamelinii Vassilcz. Following 13 species occurring in Turkestan and Malguzar ridges are endemic to the Kuhistan phytogeographical district: Allium alexeianum Regel, Astragalus belolipovii Kamelin ex F. O. Khass. & N. Sulajm., Astragalus russanovii F. O. Khass., Sarybaeva & Esankulov, Dianthus subscabridus Lincz., Euphorbia rosularis Fed., Ferula ovczinnikovii Pimenov, Jurinea helichrysifolia Popov ex Iljin, Oxytropis capusii Franch., Oxytropis seravschanica Gontsch. ex Vassilcz. & B. Fedtsch., Primula iljinskii Fed., Scutellaria schachristanica Juz., Serratula lancifolia Zakirov, Tanacetopsis urgutensis (Popov ex Tzvelev) Kovalevsk. One species, Bryonia melanocarpa Nabiev, is endemic to the South-eastern Kyzylkum. INVENTORY OF THE FLORA The identification of economically valuable species is an important result of the inventory of the flora of vascular plants of the Dzhizak Province. The most numerous group among them are fodder plants (558 species); 446 species are medicinal plants (officinal and used in folk medicine); 407 species are meliferous, 388 ornamental, 154 essential oil, 123 dye, 136 food plants (including wildgrowing vegetables, fruits, berries, nut-bearing, spicy-aromatic species, etc.); 89 species can be used for afforestation and soil stabilization. At the same time, various ruderal, segetal and pastoral weeds (355 species), as well as poisonous plants (99 species) and alien species (114) are widespread in the Dzhizak Province. This fact indicates that ecosystems of study area have been noticeably transformed by anthropogenic impact. Table 1. The number of species recorded for different phytogeographical regions of the Dzhizak Province Phytogeographical regions Number of species Mountain Central Asian Province North Turkestan 1463 Malguzar 1255 Nuratau 1139 Nuratau Relic Mountains 614 Aktau 541 Turan Province Mirzachul 590 Kyzylkum 456 Table 2. Leading families and genera of the flora of the Dzhizak Province Number of species Percentage （%） 107 5.45 Allium 37 1.89 8.82 Cousinia 34 1.73 113 5.76 Artemisia 27 1.38 29 95 4.84 Silene 25 1.27 Apiaceae 41 91 4.64 Ranunculus 22 1.12 Amaranthaceae 29 86 4.38 Oxytropis 21 1.07 Caryophyllaceae 25 83 4.23 Taraxacum 20 1.02 Rosaceae 18 66 3.36 Ferula 19 0.97 Boraginaceae 21 58 2.96 Carex 18 0.92 Ranunculaceae 18 57 2.91 Galium, Polygonum, Salsola, Stipa 16 0.82 Number of genera Number of species Percentage （%） Asteraceae 82 281 14.32 Astragalus Fabaceae 26 210 10.70 Poaceae 58 173 Brassicaceae 57 Lamiaceae Families Genera 27 28 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Table 3. The ratio of life forms of the flora of the Dzhizak Province Life form Number of species Percentage（%） Trees 44 2.24 Shrubs 116 5.91 11 0.56 108 5.50 1064 54.17 Biennial herbs 61 3.11 Annual herbs 516 26.22 46 2.34 Trees or shrubs Semi-shrubs Perennial herbs Annual, biennial or perennial herbs Table 4. List of plants of the flora of Dzhizak Province included in the IUCN Red List No Species Category Distribution in the Dzhizak Province (phytogeographical regions and protected areas) 1 Prunus bucharica (Korsh.) B. Fedtsch. ex Rehder［Amygdalus bucharica Korsh.］(Rosaceae) VU B2ab(iii,v) Nuratau, Aktau, North Turkestan, Malguzar. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park. Dominant species of open woodlands widely distributed in mountainous part of the province 2 Prunus armeniaca L.［Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.］ (Rosaceae) EN B2ab(iii) Nuratau, North Turkestan, Malguzar. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 3 Fraxinus sogdiana Bunge (Oleaceae) NT Nuratau, North Turkestan, Malguzar. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 4 Juglans regia L. (Juglandaceae) NT Nuratau, North Turkestan, Malguzar. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 5 Lonicera paradoxa Pojark. (Caprifoliaceae) EN B2ab(iii,v) UzbRDB 1 6 Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M. Roem (Rosaceae) VU A2cde 7 Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco (Cupressaceae) NT 8 Pyrus korshinskyi Litv. (Rosaceae) CR B2ab(iii,v) North Turkestan Nuratau, Aktau, North Turkestan, Malguzar. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve.One giant “holy” tree in the valley Madjrum ca. 2000 years old Malguzar. Only one location is known INVENTORY OF THE FLORA Table 5. List of plants of the flora of the Dzhizak Province included in the Red Data Book of Uzbekistan No Species Category of UzbRDB Distribution in the Dzhizak Province (phytogeographical regions and protected areas) 1 Acantholimon nuratavicum Zakirov ex Lincz. (Plumbaginaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 2 Aconitum talassicum Popov (Ranunculaceae) 3 North Turkestan, Malguzar. Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 3 Allium isakulii R. M. Fritsch & F. O. Khass. (Amaryllidaceae) 2 Nuratau, Malguzar. Nuratau Reserve 4 Allium praemixtum Vved. (Amaryllidaceae) 1 Nuratau, Malguzar. Nuratau Reserve 5 Allochrusa gypsophiloides Regel (Caryophyllaceae) 3 Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan 6 Arctium haesitabundum (Juz.) S. López, Romasch., Susanna & N. Garcia [Cousinia haesitabunda Juz.] (Asteraceae) 1 Nuratau, Malguzar 7 Arctium pallidivirens (Kult.) S. López, Romaschenko, Susanna & N. Garcia [Anura pallidivirens (Kult.) Tscherneva] (Asteraceae) 1 Nuratau, Malguzar. Nuratau Reserve 8 Astragalus belolipovii Kamelin ex F. O. Khass. & N. Sulajm. (Fabaceae) 1 North Turkestan, Malguzar. Zaamin Reserve 9 Astragalus kelleri Popov (Fabaceae) 2 Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. Nuratau Reserve 10 Astragalus knorringianus Boriss. (Fabaceae) 2 Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 11 Astragalus leptophysus Vved. (Fabaceae) 2 Nuratau, North Turkestan. Nuratau Reserve 12 Bryonia melanocarpa Nabiev (Cucurbitaceae) 2 Kyzylkum 13 Cicer grande (Popov) Korotkova (Fabaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 14 Colchicum kesselringii Regel (Colchicaceae) 3 Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 15 Cousinia dshizakensis Kult. (Asteraceae) 2 Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 16 Eremurus chloranthus Popov (Asphodelaceae) 0 North Turkestan. Zaamin Nature Reserve. Only type specimen collected in 1926 is known 29 30 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN (continued) No Species Category of UzbRDB Distribution in the Dzhizak Province (phytogeographical regions and protected areas) 17 Eremurus lactiflorus O. Fedtsch. (Asphodelaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Nature Reserve 18 Eremurus nuratavicus A. P. Khokhr. (Asphodelaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Nature Reserve 19 Eremurus robustus (Regel) Regel (Asphodelaceae) 3 Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 20 Ferula fedtschenkoana Koso-Pol. (Apiaceae) 1 Malguzar, North Turkestan. Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 21 Ferula moschata (H. Reinsch) Koso-Pol. [Ferula sumbul (Kauffm.) Hook. f.] (Apiaceae) 2 Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 22 Gladiolus italicus Mill. (Iridaceae) 1 North Turkestan. Only one herbarium specimen collected in 1934 is known 23 Helichrysum nuratavicum Krasch. (Asteraceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 24 Jurinea zakirovii Iljin (Asteraceae) 1 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 25 Lagochilus inebrians Bunge (Lamiaceae) 2 Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar. Nuratau Reserve 26 Lagochilus olgae Kamelin (Lamiaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 27 Lagochilus proskorjakovii Ikramov (Lamiaceae) 1 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 28 Lappula nuratavica Nabiev & Zakirov (Boraginaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 29 Lepidium olgae (R. Vinogradova) Al-Shehbaz & Mummenhoff [Stubendorffia olgae R. Vinogradova] (Brassicaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 30 Lepidolopha nuratavica Krasch. (Asteraceae) 1 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 31 Lipskya insignis Nevski (Apiaceae) 3 Malguzar 32 Lonicera paradoxa Pojark. (Caprifoliaceae) 1 North Turkestan 33 Oxytropis pseudorosea Filim. (Fabaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 34 Paeonia tenuifolia L. [P. hybrida Pall.] (Paeoniaceae) 3 North Turkestan. Zaamin Nature Reserve. Only one location is known 35 Phlomoides anisochila (Pazij & Vved.) Salmaki (Lamiaceae) 1 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 36 Phlomis nubilans Zakirov (Lamiaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve INVENTORY OF THE FLORA (continued) No Species Category of UzbRDB Distribution in the Dzhizak Province (phytogeographical regions and protected areas) 37 Parrya olgae (Regel & Schmalh) D. A. German & Al. Shehbaz [Pseudoclausia olgae (Regel & Schmalh.] (Brassicaceae) 2 Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 38 Parrya sarawschanica (Regel & Schmalh.) D. A. German & Al-Shehbaz [Pseudoclausia sarawschanica (Regel & Schmalh.) Botsch.] (Brassicaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Nature Reserve 39 Pseudosedum campanuliflorum Boriss. (Crassulaceae) 1 North Turkestan, Malguzar. Zaamin National Park 40 Salsola titovii Botsch. (Chenopodiaceae) 1 Aktau 41 Salvia submutica Botsch. & Vved. (Lamiaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 42 Saxifraga hirculus L. (Saxifragaceae) 2 North Turkestan. Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 43 Serratula lancifolia Zakirov (Asteraceae) 1 Malguzar 44 Seseli turbinatum Korovin (Apiaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 45 Silene paranadena Bondarenko & Vved. (Caryophyllaceae) 2 Nuratau, Malguzar. Nuratau Reserve 46 Tulipa affinis Botschantz (Liliaceae) 2 Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 47 Tulipa dasystemon Regel (Liliaceae) 2 North Turkestan, Malguzar. Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 48 Tulipa korolkowii Regel (Liliaceae) 2 Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Nuratau Reserve, Zaamin Reserve, Zaamin National Park 49 Tulipa lehmanniana Mercklin (Liliaceae) 3 Kyzylkum 50 Tulipa micheliana Hoog (Liliaceae) 2 Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. Nuratau Reserve 51 Vitis vinifera L. (Vitaceae) 2 Nuratau. Nuratau Reserve 31 32 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN POLYPODIOPHYTA [FERNS] POLYPODIOPHYTA [FERNS] 33 34 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 1. Equisetaceae Genus 1. Equisetum L. 1. Equisetum arvense L. Perennial. Banks of rivers, wet places. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. 2. Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. Figure 1 Perennial. Banks of rivers, wet places, meadows. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, fodder. Figure 1 Equisetum ramosissimum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 2. Ophioglossaceae Genus 2. Botrychium Sw. 3. Botrychium lunaria (L.) Sw. Perennial. Wet meadows, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. POLYPODIOPHYTA [FERNS] Family 3. Marsileaceae Genus 3. Marsilea L. 4. Marsilea quadrifolia L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water, rice fields. Plain. Kyzylkum, Mirzachul. Family 4. Salviniaceae Genus 4. Salvinia Micheli 5. Salvinia natans (L.) All. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain. Kyzylkum, Mirzachul. Family 5. Pteridaceae Genus 5. Cheilanthes Sw. 6. Cheilanthes persica (Bory) Mett. ex Kuhn. Figure 2 Perennial. Rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 2 Cheilanthes persica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 35 36 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 6. Adiantum L. 7. Adiantum capillus-veneris L. Figure 3 Perennial. Wet rocks and boulders near waterfalls, stream banks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal. Figure 3 Adiantum capillus-veneris (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 6. Aspleniaceae Genus 7. Cystopteris Berh. 8. Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. Figure 4 Perennial. Shady wet places. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 4 Cystopteris fragilis (photography by Natalya Beshko) POLYPODIOPHYTA [FERNS] Genus 8. Asplenium L. 9. Asplenium ruta-muraria L. Figure 5 Perennial. Rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal. Figure 5 Asplenium ruta-muraria（photography by Natalya Beshko） 10. Asplenium trichomanes L. Perennial. Rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal. Genus 9. Ceterach Gorsault. 11. Ceterach officinarum Willd. Figure 6 Perennial. Rocks. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal. 37 38 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 6 Ceterach officinarum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 7. Polypodiaceae Genus 10. Dryopteris Adans. 12. Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott. Perennial. Shady wet places. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal. GYMNOSPERMAE [GYMNOSPERMS] GYMNOSPERMAE [GYMNOSPERMS] 39 40 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 8. Ephedraceae Genus 11. Ephedra L. 13. Ephedra botschantzevii Pachom. Shrub. Stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. 14. Ephedra equisetina Bunge Figure 7 Shrub. Stony and fine-earth slopes, rocks, screes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. Figure 7 Ephedra equisetina (photography by Natalya Beshko) 15. Ephedra fedtschenkoae Paulsen Shrub. Stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. GYMNOSPERMAE [GYMNOSPERMS] 16. Ephedra foliata Boiss. ex C. A. Mey. [Ephedra kokanica Regel] Figure 8 Shrub. Stony and fine-earth slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 8 Ephedra foliata (photography by Natalya Beshko) 41 42 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 17. Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C. A. Mey. Figure 9 Shrub. Stony and fine-earth slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. Figure 9 Ephedra intermedia (photography by Natalya Beshko) GYMNOSPERMAE [GYMNOSPERMS] 18. Ephedra regeliana Florin Figure 10 Shrub. Gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 10 Ephedra regeliana (photography by Natalya Beshko) 43 44 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 19. Ephedra strobilacea Bunge Figure 11 Shrub. Sandy and clay desert, relic mountains. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Fodder, afforestation. Figure 11 Ephedra strobilacea (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 9. Cupressaceae Genus 12. *Platycladus Spach ① 20. *Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco Tree. A giant “holy” tree in the valley Madjrum, the Nuratau Nature Reserve, ca. 8 m in diam., ca. 2000 years old. Their status is uncertain because the species was naturalized in many Asian countries in ancient times, but botanists regarded Platycladus in Uzbekistan as native and Tertiary relic. Nuratau. Ornamental. IUCN NT. Genus 13. Juniperus L. 21. Juniperus pseudosabina Fisch. & C. A. Mey. [Juniperus turkestanica Kom.] Figure 12 Tree. Stony and fine-earth slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Industrial, essential a An asterisk means the alien taxon. GYMNOSPERMAE [GYMNOSPERMS] oil, medicinal, afforestation. Figure 12 Juniperus pseudosabina (photography by Natalya Beshko) 22. Juniperus semiglobosa Regel Figure 13 Tree. Stony and fine-earth slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Industrial, essential oil, medicinal, afforestation. Figure 13 Juniperus semiglobosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 45 46 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 23. Juniperus polycarpos var. seravschanica (Kom.) Kitam. [Juniperus seravschanica Kom.] Figure 14 Tree. Stony and fine-earth slopes, rocks, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Industrial, essential oil, food (spice-aromatic), medicinal, afforestation. Figure 14 Juniperus polycarpos var. seravschanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 47 48 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 10. Araceae Genus 14. Lemna L. 24. Lemna gibba L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, fodder, food. 25. Lemna minor L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, fodder, food. Genus 15. Arum L. 26. Arum korolkowii Regel Figure 15 Perennial. Shady wet places, river valleys, stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, North Turkestan. Medicinal, poisonous, ornamental, dye. Figure 15 Arum korolkowii (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Genus 16. Eminium Schott. 27. Eminium lehmanii (Bunge) O. Kuntze Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Poisonous, ornamental. Family 11. Alismataceae Genus 17. Alisma L. 28. Alisma plantago-aguatica L. Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, shallows. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, poisonous. Genus 18. Sagittaria L. 29. Sagittaria trifolia L. Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, shallows. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, fodder, ornamental. Family 12. Butomaceae Genus 19. Butomus L. 30. Butomus umbellatus L. Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, shallows. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, fodder, meliferous, ornamental. Family 13. Hydrocharitaceae Genus 20. *Vallisneria L. 31. *Vallisneria spiralis L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North 49 50 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder (for geese and ducks), ornamental. Genus 21. Najas L. 32. Najas marina L. Annual. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 33. Najas minor All. Annual. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Family 14. Juncaginaceae Genus 22. Triglochin L. 34. Triglochin palustre L. Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, swamp meadows. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, food. Family 15. Potamogetonaceae Genus 23. Potamogeton L. 35. Potamogeton crispus L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder (for geese, ducks and muskrats). 36. Potamogeton filiformis Pers. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder (for geese, ducks and muskrats). 37. Potamogeton lucens L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder (for geese, ducks and muskrats). 38. Potamogeton natans L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Kyzylkum. Fodder (for geese, ducks and muskrats), medicinal, ornamental. 39. Potamogeton pectinatus L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder (for geese, ducks and muskrats), medicinal, ornamental. 40. Potamogeton perfoliatus L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder (for geese, ducks and muskrats), medicinal, ornamental. 41. Potamogeton pusillus L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills. Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder (for geese, ducks and muskrats), medicinal, ornamental. Genus 24. Zannichellia L. 42. Zannichellia pedunculata Rchb. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water, usually saline. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder (for geese, ducks and muskrats). Family 16. Ruppiaceae Genus 25. Ruppia L. 43. Ruppia maritima L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder (for geese, ducks and muskrats). Family 17. Colchicaceae Genus 26. Colchicum (Tourn.) L. 44. Colchicum kesselringii Regel Figure 16 Perennial. Wet places, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, places near melting snow. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, alkaloidbearing, poisonous, ornamental, threatened species. UzbRDB 3. 51 52 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 16 Colchicum kesselringii (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 45. Colchicum luteum Baker Figure 17 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, alkaloid-bearing, poisonous, ornamental, dye. Figure 17 Colchicum luteum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 27. Merendera Ramond. 46. Merendera robusta Bunge Figure 18 Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, alkaloid-bearing, poisonous, ornamental. Figure 18 Merendera robusta (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 53 54 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 18. Liliaceae Genus 28. Gagea Salisb. 47. Gagea afghanica A. Terracc. Perennial. Sandy soils. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Ornamental. 48. Gagea bergii Litv. Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Ornamental. 49. Gagea calyptrifolia Levichev Perennial. Fine-eart and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. 50. Gagea capillifolia Vved. Perennial. Shady places. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental. 51. Gagea capusii A. Terracc. Figure 19 Perennial. Fine-eart and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 19 Gagea capusii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 52. Gagea chomutovae (Pascher) Pascher Figure 20 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Ornamental. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Figure 20 Gagea chomutovae (photography by Natalya Beshko) 53. Gagea divaricata Regel Perennial. Sandy soils. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Ornamental. 54. Gagea dschungarica Regel Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 55. Gagea filiformis (Ledeb.) Kar. & Kir. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 56. Gagea gageoides (Zucc.) Vved. Figure 21 Perennial. Shady wet places. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 55 56 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 21 Gagea gageoides (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 57. Gagea graminifolia Vved. Figure 22 Perennial. Clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-eart slopes. Foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Ornamental. Figure 22 Gagea graminifolia (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 58. Gagea hissarica Lipsky Figure 23 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 23 Gagea hissarica (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 59. Gagea kamelinii Levichev Figure 24 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 24 Gagea kamelinii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 60. Gagea ova Stapf. Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Ornamental. 57 58 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 61. Gagea liotardii (Sternb.) Schult. & Schult. f. [Gagea emarginata Kar. & Kir] Figure 25 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 25 Gagea liotardii (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 62. Gagea nabievii Levichev Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 63. Gagea olgae Regel Figure 26 Perennial. Clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Ornamental. Figure 26 Gagea olgae (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 64. Gagea reinhardii Levichev Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Fothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 65. Gagea reticulata (Pall.) Schult. & Schult. f. [Gegea pseudoreticulata Vved.] Figure 27 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 27 Gagea reticulata (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 66. Gagea stipitata Merckl. ex Bunge Figure 28 Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Ornamental. Figure 28 Gagea stipitata (photography by Natalya Beshko) 59 60 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 67. Gagea stolonifera Popov & Czugaeva Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 68. Gagea subtilis Vved. Figure 29 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, shady places. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Ornamental. Figure 29 Gagea subtilis (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 69. Gagea taschkentica Levichev Perennial. Clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Ornamental. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 70. Gagea tenera Pascher Perennial. Clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Ornamental. 71. Gagea turkestanica Pascher Perennial. Stony slopes. Foothills. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 72. Gagea vegeta Vved. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Ornamental. 73. Gagea vvedenskyi Grossh. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Genus 29. Tulipa L. 74. Tulipa affinis Botschantz. Figure 30 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. Figure 30 Tulipa affinis (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 61 62 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 75. Tulipa borszczowii Regel Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Ornamental. 76. Tulipa buhseana Boiss. Figure 31 Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plain, relic mountains. Plain. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Ornamental. Figure 31 Tulipa buhseana (photography by Natalya Beshko) 77. Тulipa dasystemon Regel Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. 78. Тulipa dasystemonoides Vved. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. 79. Тulipa korolkowii Regel Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. 80. Tulipa lehmanniana Mercklin Figure 32 Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, relic mountains. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Ornamental. Threatened species, UzbRDB 3. Figure 32 Tulipa lehmanniana (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 81. Tulipa micheliana Hoog Figure 33 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. Figure 33 Tulipa micheliana (photography by Natalya Beshko) 63 64 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 82. Тulipa turkestanica Regel Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Genus 30. Lloydia Salisb. 83. Lloydia serotina (L.) Reichenb Perennial. Wet stony slopes, rocks, screes, moraines. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. Genus 31. Fritillaria L. 84. Fritillaria olgae Vved. Figure 34 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, wet shady places. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal. Figure 34 Fritillaria olgae (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Family 19. Orchidaceae Genus 32. Epipactis Adans. 85. Epipactis latifolia (L.) All. Perennial. Swamp meadows, river valleys. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Genus 33. Orchis L. 86. Orchis pseudolaxiflora Czerniak. Perennial. Swamp meadows, river valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal. Genus 34. Dactylorhiza Nevski 87. Dactylorhiza umbrosa (Kar. & Kir.) Nevski Figure 35 Perennial. Swamp meadows, river valleys. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal. Figure 35 Dactylorhiza umbrosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 65 66 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 20. Ixioliriaceae Genus 35. Ixiolirion Herb. 88. Ixiolirion tataricum (Pall.) Schult. & Schult. f. Figure 36 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river vallys, piedmont plains, sandy and clay deserts. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Ornamental, medicinal. Figure 36 Ixiolirion tataricum (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Family 21. Iridaceae Genus 36. Crocus L. 89. Crocus korolkowii Maw & Regel Figure 37 Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes, places near melting snow. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal, food (spice). Figure 37 Crocus korolkowii (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 37. Iris L. 90. Iris linifoliiformis (Khalk.) Tojibaev & Turginov Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 91. Iris loczyi Kanitz Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental. 92. Iris longiscapa Ledeb. Figure 38 Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Ornamental. Figure 38 Iris longiscapa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 67 68 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 93. Iris maracandica (Vved.) Wendelbo Figure 39 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 39 Iris maracandica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 94. Iris narbutii O. Fedtsch. Figure 40 Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes, clay deserts, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 40 Iris narbutii (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 95. Iris parvula (Vved.) T. Hall & Seisums Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. 96. Iris songarica Schrenk Figure 41 Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Ornamental, poisonous. Figure 41 Iris songarica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 97. Iris tadshikorum Vved. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Genus 38. Gladiolus L. 98. Gladiolus italicus Mill. Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, meadows, fields. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. Threatened species, UzbRDB 1. 69 70 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 22. Asphodelaceae Genus 39. Eremurus M. Bieb. 99. Eremurus anisopterus (Kar. & Kir.) Regel Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Ornamental. 100. Eremurus chloranthus Popov Perennial. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. Threatened species, UzbRDB 0. Endemic to the Turkestan ridge. 101. Eremurus fuscus (O. Fedtsch.) Vved. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. 102. Eremurus inderiensis (Stev.) Regel Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Ornamental, meliferous. 103. Eremurus kaufmannii Regel Figure 42 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 42 Eremurus kaufmannii (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 104. Eremurus lactiflorus O. Fedtsch. Figure 43 Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Ornamental. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. Figure 43 Eremurus lactiflorus (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 105. Eremurus nuratavicus A. P. Khohkr. Figure 44 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Ornamental. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. Endemic to the Nuratau ridge. Figure 44 Eremurus nuratavicus (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 71 72 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 106. Eremurus olgae Regel Figure 45 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, food, medicinal, dye, meliferous. Figure 45 Eremurus olgae (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 107. Eremurus regelii Vved. Figure 46 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, food, medicinal, dye, melliferous. Figure 46 Eremurus regelii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 73 74 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 108. Eremurus robustus (Regel) Regel Figure 47 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal, melliferous. Threatened species, UzbRDB 3. Figure 47 Eremurus robustus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 109. Eremurus sogdianus (Regel) Benth. & Hook. f. Figure 48 Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 48 Eremurus sogdianus (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 110. Eremurus tianschanicus Pazij & Vved. Figure 49 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. Figure 49 Eremurus tianschanicus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 111. Eremurus turkestanicus Vved. Figure 50 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. Figure 50 Eremurus turkestanicus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 75 76 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 23. Amaryllidaceae Genus 40. Ungernia Bunge 112. Ungernia oligostroma Popov & Vved. Figure 51 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal. Figure 51 Ungernia oligostroma (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 41. Allium L. 113. Allium alexeianum Regel Figure 52 Perennial. Stony and gravelly slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 52 Allium alexeianum (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 114. Allium altissimum Regel Figure 53 Perennial. River valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, food. Figure 53 Allium altissimum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 115. Allium barsczewskii Lipsky Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 116. Allium caesium Schrenk Figure 54 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, food. Figure 54 Allium caesium (photography by Natalya Beshko) 77 78 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 117. Allium carolinianum DC. Figure 55 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 55 Allium carolinianum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 118. Allium caspium (Pall.) M. Bieb. Figure 56 Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Figure 56 Allium caspium (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 119. Allium clausum Vved. Figure 57 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 57 Allium clausum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 79 80 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 120. Allium cupuliferum Regel subsp. cupuliferum Figure 58 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. Ornamental. Figure 58 Allium cupuliferum subsp. cupuliferum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 121. Allium cupuliferum subsp. nuratavicum R. M. Fritsch & Beshko Figure 59 Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Ornamental. Figure 59 Allium cupuliferum subsp. nuratavicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 122. Allium drepanophyllum Vved. Perennial. Stony and gravelly slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains. Ornamental. 123. Allium filidens Regel Figure 60 Perennial. Piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 60 Allium filidens (photography by Natalya Beshko) 124. Allium griffithianum Boiss. Figure 61 Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 61 Allium griffithianum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 81 82 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 125. Allium gusaricum Regel Figure 62 Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 62 Allium gusaricum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 126. Allium inconspicuum Vved. Perennial. Stony and gravelly slopes. Foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains. Ornamental. 127. Allium isakulii R. M. Fritsch & F. O. Khass. Figure 63 Perennial. Stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Ornamental. UzbRDB 2. Figure 63 Allium isakulii (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 128. Allium jodanthum Vved. Figure 64 Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 64 Allium jodanthum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 129. Allium karataviense Regel Figure 65 Perennial. Stony and gravelly slopes, screes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 65 Allium karataviense (photography by Natalya Beshko) 83 84 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 130. Allium kaufmannii Regel Figure 66 Perennial. Swamp meadows, wet places. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 66 Allium kaufmannii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 131. Allium kokanicum Regel Figure 67 Perennial. Stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 67 Allium kokanicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 132. Allium komarowii Lipsky Figure 68 Perennial. Screes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 68 Allium komarowii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 133. Allium levichevii F. O. Khass., Esankulov & N. Sulejm Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar. Ornamental.Endemic to the Malguzar ridge. 134. Allium longicuspis Regel Perennial. Ravines, river valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau. Ornamental, food, medicinal. 135. Allium oreodictyum Vved. Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 136. Allium oreophiloides Regel Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. 137. Allium oreophilum C. A. Mey. Figure 69 Perennial. Stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 69 Allium oreophilum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 85 86 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 138. Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch. Perennial. Rocks, stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, food. 139. Allium praemixtum Vved. Figure 70 Perennial. Rocks, stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Ornamental, food. Threatened species, UzbRDB 1. Figure 70 Allium praemixtum (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 140. Allium protensum Wendelbo Perennial. Stony and gravelly slopes. Foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains. Ornamental. 141. Allium sarawschanicum Regel Figure 71 Perennial. River valleys, fine earth slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 71 Allium sarawschanicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 142. Allium stephanophorum Vved. Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 143. Allium stipitatum Regel Figure 72 Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, wet places, river valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, food. Figure 72 Allium stipitatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 87 88 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 144. Allium suworowii Regel Figure 73 Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, river valleys, burials, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Ornamental, food. Figure 73 Allium suworowii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 145. Allium taeniopetalum Popov & Vved. Figure 74 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, shady places. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 74 Allium taeniopetalum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 146. Allium talassicum Regel Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 147. Allium turkestanicum Regel Figure 75 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Ornamental. Figure 75 Allium turkestanicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 148. Allium verticillatum Regel Figure 76 Perennial. Piedmont plains, fine-earth and gravelly slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 76 Allium verticillatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 89 90 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 149. Allium xiphopetalum Aitch. & Baker Perennial. Stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Family 24. Asparagaceae Genus 42. Polygonatum Adans. 150. Polygonatum sewerzowii Regel Figure 77 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, shady places. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, poisonous, ornamental. Figure 77 Polygonatum sewerzowii (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Genus 43. Asparagus L. 151. Asparagus brachyphyllus Turcz. Figure 78 Perennial. Saline lands and depressions, sand deserts, alkaline meadows, lake shores. Plain. Kyzylkum. Medicinal, fodder. Figure 78 Asparagus brachyphyllus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 152. Asparagus persicus Baker Figure 79 Perennial. River valleys, rocks, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 79 Asparagus persicus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 91 92 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 44. Fessia Speta 153. Fessia puschkinioides (Regel) Speta Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Family 25. Typhaceae Genus 45. Sparganium L. 154. Sparganium stoloniferum (Buch.-Ham. ex Graebn.) Buch.-Ham. ex Juz. Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Genus 46. Typha L. 155. Typha angustata Bory & Chaub Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 156. Typha angustifolia L. Figure 80 Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills. Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Figure 80 Typha angustifolia (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 157. Typha latifolia L. Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 158. Typha laxmannii Lepech. Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul. 159. Typha minima Funck Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul. Family 26.*Eriocaulaceae Genus 47.*Eriocaulon L. 160.*Eriocaulon sieboldianum Sieb. ex Zucc. Annual. Swamps, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles, rice fields. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, weed. Family 27. Juncaceae Genus 48. Juncus L. 161. Juncus articulatus L. Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 162. Juncus bufonius L. Annual. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles, saline lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, medicinal, weed. 163. Juncus compressus Jacq. Perennial. Banks of rivers and lakes, dry riverbeds, swamp meadows, fields, saline lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder, medicinal, industrial. 164. Juncus gerardii Loisel Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, wet slopes, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, medicinal, industrial. 165. Juncus heptopotamicus V. I. Krecz. & Gontsch. Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, wet stony slopes, saline lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 93 94 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 166. Juncus hybridus Brot. Annual. Banks of rivers and lakes, dry riverbeds, swamp meadows, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 167. Juncus inflexus L. Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, wet slopes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 168. Juncus jaxarticus V. I. Krecz. & Gontsch. Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, saline lands, depressions, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 169. Juncus macrantherus V. I. Krecz. & Gontsch. Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers, wet slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 170. Juncus persicus subsp. libanoticus (J.Thiébaut) Novikov & Snogerup [Juncus vvedenskyi V. I. Krecz.] Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers and lakes, wet slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Fodder. 171. Juncus rechingeri Snogerup. Annual. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers and lakes. Plain, foothills, alpine zone. Nuratau. Fodder. 172. Juncus sphaerocarpus Nees. Annual. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers and lakes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau. Fodder. 173. Juncus triglumis L.[Juncus schischkinii Krylov & Sumnev.] Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers and lakes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 174. Juncus turkestanicus V. I. Krecz. & Gontsch. Annual. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers and lakes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 49. Luzula DC. 175. Luzula pallescens Sw. Perennial. Riwer banks, swamps, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 176. Luzula spicata (L.) DC. Perennial. Moraines, rocks, wet stony slopes, swamps, banks of rivers. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Family 28. Cyperaceae Genus 50. Schoenoplectus (Rchb.) Palla 177. Schoenoplectus litoralis (Schrad.) Palla [Scirpus litoralis Schrad.] Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 178. Schoenoplectus triqueter (L.) Palla [Scirpus triqueter L.] Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul. Genus 51. Scirpus L. 179. Scirpus triquetriformis (V. Krecz.) T. V. Egorova Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, near springs. Plain, foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Genus 52. Bolboschoenus (Aschers.) Palla 180. Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla Figure 81 Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, near springs, swamp meadows, saline depressions. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, fodder, industrial, weed. Figure 81 Bolboschoenus maritimus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 95 96 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 181. Bolboschoenus popovii T. V. Egorova Figure 82 Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, saline lands. Plain. Kyzylkum. Medicinal, fodder, industrial, weed. Figure 82 Bolboschoenus popovii (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Genus 53. Holoschoenus Link. 182. Holoschoenus vulgaris Link. Figure 83 Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles, dry riverbeds, wet depressions, saline lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Figure 83 Holoschoenus vulgaris (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 54. Blysmus Panz. ex Schult. 183. Blysmus compressus (L.) Panz. ex Link. Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Genus 55. Baeothryon A. Dietr. 184. Baeothryon pumilum (Vahl) Á. & D. Löve Perennial. Banks of rivers, swamps, alpine meadows, wet places, places near melting snow. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 56. Eleocharis R. Br. 185. Eleocharis argyrolepis Kier. Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul. Weed. 97 98 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 186. Eleocharis quinqueflora (Hartmann) O. Schwarz. [Eleocharis meridionalis Zinserl.] Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, saline depressions. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. 187. Eleocharis mitracarpa Steud. Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, swamps, wet meadows. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. 188. Eleocharis uniglumis (Link.) Schult. Perennial. Swamp meadows, saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Genus 57. Fimbristylis Vahl. 189. Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl Annual. Wet places, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles. Plain. Mirzachul. Weed. Genus 58. Cyperus L. 190. Cyperus glaber L. Annual. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles, swamp meadows, wet places near springs. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Fodder, weed. 191. Cyperus longus L. Figure 84 Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles, swamp meadows, wet places near springs. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, food (spice-aromatic), fodder, ornamental. Figure 84 Cyperus longus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 192. Cyperus rotundus L. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles, swamp meadows, wet places near springs, fallow lands. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, fodder, weed, ornamental. Genus 59. Pycreus P. Beauv. 193. Pycreus globosus (All.) Reichenb Annual. Banks of rivers and canals, pebbles, swamps, wet places near springs, pebbles, alkaline meadows. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains. Fodder, weed. Genus 60. Schoenus L. 194. Schoenus nigricans L. Figure 85 Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, wet places near springs. Montane zone. Nuratau. Figure 85 Schoenus nigricans (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 61. Kobresia Willd. 195. Kobresia pamiroalaica Ivanova Perennial. Wet slopes, banks of rivers, swamps, highlands. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 196. Kobresia persica Kük. & Bornm. Perennial. Banks of rivers, swamps, highlands, wet stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 197. Kobresia stenocarpa (Kar. & Kir.) Steud. Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers, wet places near springs. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 99 100 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 62. Carex L. 198. Carex diluta M. Bieb. Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, wet places near springs. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 199. Carex divisa Huds. Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, wet places near springs, depressions. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 200. Carex enervis C. A. Mey. Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, wet places near springs. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 201. Carex karoi (Freyn) Freyn Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, wet places near springs. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 202. Carex melanantha C. A. Mey. Figure 86 Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, wet places near springs. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. Figure 86 Carex melanantha (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 203. Carex melanostachya М. Bieb. ex Willd. Perennial. Swamp meadows, fine-earth slopes, banks of rivers, wet places near springs. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 204. Carex microglochin Wahlenb Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers and canals, wet places near springs. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 205. Carex orbicularis Boott. Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles, wet places near springs. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 206. Carex pachystilis J. Gay. Perennial. Clay deserts, piedmont plain, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 207. Carex parva Nees. Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers, wet places near springs. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 208. Carex physodes M. Bieb. Figure 87 Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. Figure 87 Carex physodes (photography by Natalya Beshko) 209. Carex pseudofoetida Kük. Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers, wet places near springs, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 210. Carex serotina Mérat. Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, wet places near springs. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 211. Carex songorica Kar. & Kir. Perennial. Swamp meadows, river valleys, ravines, pebbles, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 101 102 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 212. Carex stenophylla Wahlenb Perennial. Piedmont plains, fine-earth slopes, meadows, river valleys, dry riverbeds, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 213. Carex subphysodes Popov ex V. I. Krecz. Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. 214. Carex stenocarpa Turcz. & Besser. Perennial. Alpine and subalpine meadows, fine-earth slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 215. Carex turkestanica Regel Figure 88 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, rocks, screes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Figure 88 Carex turkestanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Family 29. Poaceae [Gramineae] Genus 63. Imperata Cyr. 216. Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. Perennial. River valleys, banks of lakes and canals, fallow lands, fine-earth slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder, industrial, ornamental. Genus 64. Saccharum L. 217. Saccharum spontaneum L. Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, food, industrial. Genus 65. Erianthus Rich. 218. Erianthus ravennae (L.) P. Beauv. Figure 89 Perennial. River valleys, banks of lakes and canals, wet places. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, industrial, ornamental. Figure 89 Erianthus ravennae (photography by Natalya Beshko) 103 104 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 66. Botriochloa Kuntze 219. Botriochloa ischaemum (L.) H. Keng Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, banks of canals, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, medicinal, weed. Genus 67. *Sorghum Pers. 220. *Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Perennial. Fields, fallow lands, gardens, river valleys, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, food, medicinal, industrial, weed. Genus 68. Digitaria Heist. 221. Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Muehl. Annual. Banks of rivers and canals, fields, fallow lands, gardens, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, weeds. 222. Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. Annual. Banks of rivers and canals, fields, gardens, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. Genus 69. *Echinochloa P. Beauv. 223. *Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, gardens, wastelands, banks of rivers and canals, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, food, medicinal, weed. Genus 70. Setaria P. Beauv. 224. Setaria lutescens (Weig.) F. T. Hubb. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, gardens, wastelands, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. 225. *Setaria verticillata (L.) P. Beauv. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, gardens, wastelands, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 226. Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, gardens, wastelands, banks of canals, stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Genus 71. Phalaroides Wolf 227. Phalaroides arundinacea (L.) Rauschert Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, swamp meadows, wet places. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental, weed. Genus 72. Stipagrostis Nees 228. Stipagrostis karelinii (Trin. & Rupr.) H. Scholz [Aristida karelinii (Trin. & Rupr.) Roshev.] Figure 90 Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Figure 90 Stipagrostis karelinii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 105 106 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 229. Stipagrostis pennata (Trin.) De Winter [Aristida pennata Trin.] Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. Genus 73. Stipa L. 230. Stipa arabica Trin. & Rupr. [Stipa szovitsiana Trin.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 231. Stipa caragana Trin. [Achnatherum caragana (Trin.) Roshev.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, industrial. 232. Stipa capillata L. Figure 91 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental. Figure 91 Stipa capillata (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 233. Stipa caucasica Schmalh. Perennial. Stony slopes, screes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 234. Stipa hohenackeriana Trin. & Rupr. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 235. Stipa kirghisorum P. A. Smirn. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, rocks, screes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 236. Stipa kurdistanica Bor. [Achnatherum turkomanicum (Roshev.) Tzvelev] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder, industrial. 237. Stipa lessingiana Trin. & Rupr. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental. 238. Stipa lingua Junge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 239. Stipa lipskyi Roshev. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 240. Stipa margelanica P. A. Smirn. Perennial. Stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 241. Stipa orientalis Trin. ex Ledeb. Perennial. Stony and gravelly slopes, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 242. Stipa richteriana Kar. & Kir. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 243. Stipa sareptana Beck. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 244. Stipa splendens Trin. [Achnatherum splendens (Trin.) Nevski] Perennial. Saline lands, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder, industrial. 245. Stipa turkestanica Hack. [Stipa trichoides P. Smirn.] Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 74. Piptatherum P. Beauv. 246. Piptatherum alpestre (Grig.) Roshev. Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, moraines, swamp meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 107 108 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 247. Piptatherum ferganense (Litv.) Roshev. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 248. Piptatherum holciforme (M. Bieb.) Roem. & Schult. Perennial. Stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 249. Piptatherum laterale (Regel) Nevski Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 250. Piptatherum latifolium (Roshev.) Nevski Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 251. Piptatherum pamiralaicum (Grig.) Roshev. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 252. Piptatherum platyanthum Nevski Perennial. Stony slopes, moraines, pebbles, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 253. Piptatherum sogdianum (Grig.) Roshev. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 254. Piptatherum songaricum (Trin. & Rupr.) Roshev. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 255. Piptatherum microcarpum (Pilg.) Tzvelev [Piptatherum vicarium (Grig.) Roshev.] Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 75. Milium L. 256. Milium vernale M. Bieb. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, wet places, banks of rivers and canals, gardens. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 76. Crypsis Ait. 257. Crypsis schoeoides (L.) Lam. Annual. River valleys, banks of canals, wastelands, saline depressions. Plain. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Genus 77. Phleum L. 258. Phleum alpinum L. Figure 92 Perennial. Banks of rivers, wet places, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. Figure 92 Phleum alpinum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 109 110 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 259. Phleum exaratum Griseb. [Phleum graecum Boiss. & Heldr.] Annual. Stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 260. Phleum paniculatum Huds. Figure 93 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, pebbles, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Figure 93 Phleum paniculatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 261. Phleum phleoides (L.) H. Karst. Perennial. Fine-earth slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 262. *Phleum pratense L. Perennial. Meadows, river valleys, banks of canals, swamps. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 78. Alopecurus L. 263. Alopecurus arundinaceus Poir. Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, wet screes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 264. Alopecurus himalaicus Hook. f. Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes, screes, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 265. Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. Annual. Banks of rivers and canals, meadows, pebbles, fields. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. 266. Alopecurus pratensis L. Perennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental. Genus 79. Polypogon Desf. 267. Polypogon fugax Nees ex Steud. Annual, perennial. Saline lands, banks of rivers and canals, fields, swamp meadows. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 268. Polypogon monspleniensis (L.) Desf. Annual. Wet places, banks of rivers and canals, fields, swamp meadows. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 269. Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr. [Polypogon semiverticillatus (Forssk.) Hyl.] Annual, perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, fields, swamp meadows. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 80. Agrostis L. 270. Agrostis gigantea Roth. Perennial. Wet places, banks of rivers, swamp meadows. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. 111 112 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental. 271. Agrostis hissarica Roshev. Perennial. River valleys. Alpine zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 272. Agrostis olympica (Boiss.) Bor. [Pentatherum agrostidiforme (Roshev.) Nevski] Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 273. Agrostis stolonifera L. Perennial. Wet places, banks of rivers, swamp meadows. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 81. Calamagrostis Adans. 274. Calamagrostis anthoxanthoides (Munro) Regel [Calamagrostis laguroides Regel] Perennial. Stony slopes, screes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 275. Calamagrostis dubia Bunge Perennial. River valleys, saline lands, banks of canals, fields. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 276. Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth. Perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, fallow lands, wet fine-earth slopes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, medicinal, industrial. 277. Calamagrostis holciformis Jaub. & Spach. Perennial. Rocks, stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 278. Calamagrostis pseudophragmites (Haller f.) Koeler. Perennial. Banks of rivers, pebbles, meadows, wet stony slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 82. Apera Adans. 279. Apera interrupta (L.) P. Beauv. Annual. Saline lands, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. Genus 83. Deschampsia P. Beauv. 280. Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P. Beauv. Perennial. River valleys, subalpine meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder, industrial. 281. Deschampsia koelerioides Regel Perennial. Alpine meadows, stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder, industrial. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Genus 84. Trisetum Pers. 282. Trisetum spicatum (L.) K. Richt. Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes, swamps, subalpine meadows, banks of rivers. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental. Genus 85. Avena L. 283. Avena barbata Pott ex Link. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands. Foothills. North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. 284. *Avena fatua L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, food, medicinal, weed. 285. *Avena sterilis subsp. ludoviciana (Durieu) Gillet & Magne [Avena persica Steud.; Avena trichophylla K. Koch] Annual. River valleys, fine-earth slopes. Foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Genus 86. Helictotrichon Bess. 286. Helictotrichon asiaticum (Roshev.) Grossh. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 287. Helictotrichon desertorum (Less.) Pilg. Perennial. Piedmont plain, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 87. *Cynodon Rich. 288. *Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Figure 94 Perennial. River valleys, fields, gardens, fallow lands, banks of canals, roadsides, wastelands, fineearth slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, medicinal, industrial, weed. 113 114 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 94 Cynodon dactylon (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 88. Enneapogon Desv. 289. Enneapogon persicus Boiss. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, dry riverbeds, pebbles, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Genus 89. Phragmites Adans. 290. Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. & Steud. Figure 95 Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, swamps, wet places, saline lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, food, industrial, medicinal, ornamental. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Figure 95 Phragmites australis (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 90. Eragrostis Host. 291. Eragrostis minor Host. Annual. Fine-earth slopes, pebbles, banks of rivers and canals, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 292. Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. Annual. River valleys, banks of canals, pebbles, fields, fallow lands, gardens, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. Genus 91. Koeleria Pers. 293. Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) Schult. [Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder, medicinal, ornamental. 115 116 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 92. Cutandia Willk. 294. Cutandia rigescens (Grossh.) Tzvelev Annual. Wet places, saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fields. Plain. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Genus 93. Catabrosa P. Beauv. 295. Catabrosa aquatica (L.) Beauv. [Catabrosa capusii Franch.] Perennial. Wet places, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, swamps. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 94. Melica L. 296. Melica altissima L. Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Poisonous. 297. Melica hohenackeri Boiss. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 298. Melica inaequiglumis Boiss. Figure 96 Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, pebbles. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 96 Melica inaequiglumis (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Genus 95. Aeluropus Trin. 299. Aeluropus intermedius Regel Perennial. Saline sandy soils, saline lands, depressions. Plain. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 300. Aeluropus litoralis (Gouan.) Parl. Perennial. Saline lands, swamp meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Genus 96. Dactylis L. 301. Dactylis glomerata L. Perennial. Meadows, river valleys, fine-earth and stony slopes, gardens, wet places. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, medicinal, ornamental. Genus 97. Sclerochloa P. Beauv. 302. Sclerochloa dura (L.) P. Beauv. Annual. Banks of rivers and canals, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. Genus 98. Schismus P. Beauv. 303. Schismus arabicus Nees. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, piedmont plains, fine-earth and gravelly slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Genus 99. Poa L. 304. Poa alpina L. Figure 97 Perennial. Alpine meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 117 118 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 97 Poa alpina (photography by Natalya Beshko) 305. Poa angustifolia L. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, meadows. Montane and alpine zones, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 306. Poa annua L. Annual or perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, wet places near springs, wastelands, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. 307. Poa bactriana Roshev. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 308. Poa bucharica Roshev. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 309. Poa bulbosa L. Figure 98 Perennial. This plant has a wide ecological range, and it is found almost everywhere in the Province. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Figure 98 Poa bulbosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 119 120 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 310. Poa diaphora Trin. Annual. Sandy, clayey, stony and saline soils, banks of rivers and lakes, wet places near springs. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 311. Poa fragilis Ovcz. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones, Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 312. Poa litvinoviana Ovcz. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 313. Poa nemoralis L. Perennial. River valleys, ravines, meadows, stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 314. Poa palustris L. Perennial. Wet places, river valleys, swamp meadows. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 315. Poa pratensis L. Perennial. River valleys, banks of canals, meadows. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, ornamental. 316. Poa relaxa Ovcz. Perennial. Stony, Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 317. Poa supina Schrad. Annual or perennial. Wet places, swamps, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 318. Poa trivialis L. Perennial. River valleys, gardens, banks of canals, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. Genus 100. Colpodium Trin. 319. Colpodium humile (M. Bieb.) Griseb. Perennial. Sandy deserts, saline lands, wet places. Plain, foothills. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 320. Colpodium parviflorum Boiss. & Buhse. Perennial. Wet places. Plain. Mirzachul. Fodder. Genus 101. Glyceria R. Br. 321. Glyceria plicata (Fr.) Fr. Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Genus 102. Puccinelia Parl. 322. Puccinelia distans (Jack.) Parl. Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, swamp meadows. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 323. Puccinellia poecilantha (K. Koch) Grossh. Perennial. Swamp meadows, saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. Genus 103. Festuca L. 324. Festuca alaica Drobow. Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, rocks, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 325. Festuca amblyodes Krecz. & Bobrov Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, rocks, moraines. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 326. Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Perennial. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, gardens, meadows, fields, fallow lands, cliffs. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 327. Festuca griffithiana (St.-Yves) Krivot. [Leucopoa karatavica (Bunge) V. Krecz. & Bobrov]. Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 328. Festuca olgae (Regel) Krivot. [Leucopoa olgae (Regel) V. Krecz. & Bobrov] Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 329. Festuca pratensis Huds. Perennial. Wet places, gardens, banks of rivers and canals, wet slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 330. Festuca rubra L. Perennial. River valleys, pebbles, meadows, swamps, fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 331. Festuca rupicola Heuff. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 332. Festuca valesiaca Schleich. & Gaudin. Figure 99 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 121 122 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 99 Festuca valesiaca (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 104. Loliolum V. Krecz. & Bobrov 333. Loliolum subulatum (Banks & Sol.) Eig. Annual. Piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 105. Vulpia C. C. Gmel. 334. Vulpia ciliata Dumort. Annual. Sandy, clayey, gravelly and saline soils, banks of rivers. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 335. Vulpia myuros (L.) C. C. Gmel. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles, river valleys, saline lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed 336. Vulpia persica (Boiss. & Buhse) V. Krecz. & Bobrov Annual. Clay deserts, fine-earth and gravelly slopes, pebbles, river valleys, saline depressions. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 337. Vulpia unilateralis (L). Stace [Nardurus krausei (Regel) V. Krecz. & Bobrov] Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, piedmont plains, sandy and clay deserts, pebbles, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Genus 106. Bromus L. 338. Bromus danthoniae Trin. Figure 100 Annual. Clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. Figure 100 Bromus danthoniae (photography by Natalya Beshko) 123 124 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 339. Bromus inermis Leyss. Perennial. Meadows, fine-earth and gravelly slopes, river valleys. Montane and alpine zones . Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 340. Bromus japonicus Thung. Annual. Meadows, fine-earth slopes, roadsides, fallow lands, banks of rivers and canals. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. 341. Bromus lanceolatus Roth. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, banks of rivers, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 342. Bromus oxyodon Schrenk Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. 343. Bromus paulsenii Hack. Perennial. Stony slopes, banks of rivers, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 344. Bromus popovii Drobow Annual. Saline lands, river valleys. Plain. Mirzachul. Fodder. 345. Bromus scoparius L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, river valleys, roadsides, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. 346. Bromus sericeus Drobow Annual. Sandy deserts, fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 347. Bromus sewerzowii Regel Annual. River valleys, fields, fallow lands, fine-earth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 348. Bromus scoparius L. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, meadows, pebbles, fields, fallow lands, gardens. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 349. Bromus sterilis L. Annual. River valleys, ravines, fine-earth slopes, meadows, gardens, roadsides, fields. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. 350. Bromus tectorum L. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] lands, settlements, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Genus 107. Boissiera Hochsst & Steud. 351. Boissiera squarrosa (Sol.) Nevski. Figure 101 Annual. Sandy and clay desert, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Figure 101 Boissiera squarrosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 108. Brachypodium P. Beauv. 352. Brachypodium sylvaticum P. Beauv. Perennial. Fine-earth wet slopes, river valleys, ravines. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 125 126 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 109. Lolium L. 353. *Lolium perenne L. Perennial. Gardens, fields, fallow lands, banks of canals, dry slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, medicinal. 354. Lolium persicum Boiss. & Hohen. Annual. Fallow lands, fields, stony slopes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. 355. *Lolium temulentum L. Annual. Fallow lands, gardens, wet meadows, banks of canals, river valleys, fine-earth slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, medicinal. Genus 110. Henrardia Hubb. 356. Henrardia persica (Boiss.) C. E. Hubb. Annual. Dry fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. Genus 111. Psilurus Trin. 357. Psilurus incurvus (Gouan) Schinz & Thell. Annual. Piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 112. Agropyron Gaertn. 358. Agropyron badamense Drobow Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 359. Agropyron setuliferum (Nevski) Nevski Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 113. Eremopyrum Jaub. & Spach. 360. Eremopyrum bonaepartis (Spreng.) Nevski Figure 102 Annual. Sandy, clayey and gravelly soils, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Figure 102 Eremopyrum bonaepartis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 361. Eremopyrum distans (K. Koch) Nevski Figure 103 Annual. Sandy, clayey, gravelly and saline soils, pebbles, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Figure 103 Eremopyrum distans (photography by Natalya Beshko) 127 128 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 362. Eremopyrum orientale (L.) Jaub. & Spach. Annual. Sandy, clayey, gravelly and saline soils, pebbles, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 363. Eremopyrum triticeum (Gaertn.) Nevski Annual. Sandy, clayey, gravelly and saline soils, river valleys, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Genus 114. Secale L. 364. *Secale cereale L. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, river valleys, banks of canals, roadsides. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, food. 365. Secale segetale (Zhuk.) Roshev. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, river valleys, banks of canals, roadsides. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, food. 366. Secale sylvestre Host. Annual. Sandy and clayey soils. Plain, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, food. Genus 115. Aegilops L. 367. Aegilops crassa Boiss. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 368. Aegilops cylindrica Host. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, river valleys. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. 369. Aegilops juvenalis (Thell.) Eig. Annual. Fine earth slopes. Foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains. Fodder, weed. 370. Aegilops triuncialis L. [Aegilops squarrosa L.] Figure 104 Annual. Piedmont plains, fine-earth and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Figure 104 Aegilops triuncialis (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 116. Heteranthelium Hochst. ex Jaub. & Spach. 371. Heteranthelium piliferum (Sol.) Hochst. ex Jaub. & Spach. Annual. Stony slopes, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 129 130 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 117. Taeniatherum Nevski 372. Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski [Taeniatherum asperum (Simonk.) Nevski; Taeniatherum crinitum (Schreb.) Nevski] Annual. Fallow lands, fields, roadsides, piedmont plain, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Genus 118. Hordeum L. 373. Hordeum bogdanii Wilensky Perennial. Swamp meadows, saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 374. Hordeum brevisubulatum (Trin.) Link. Perennial. Banks of rivers and lakes, swamp meadows, stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 375. Hordeum bulbosum L. Figure 105 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, fields, gardens, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, food. Figure 105 Hordeum bulbosum (photography by Natalya Beshko) ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] 376. Hordeum marinum subsp. gussoneanum (Parl.) Thell. [Hordeum geniculatum All.] Annual. River valleys. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. 377. Hordeum murinum subsp. leporinum (Link.) Arcang. [Hordeum leporinum Link.] Annual. River valleys, gardens, fields, fallow lands, wastelands, settelments, sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 378. Hordeum spontaneum K. Koch Figure 106 Annual. Fields, fallow lands, banks of canals, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Figure 106 Hordeum spontaneum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 119. Elymus L. 379. Elymus bungeanus (Trin.) Melderis [Agropyron ferganense Drobow] Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 380. Elymus dentatus (Hook. f.) Tzvelev [Agropyron lachnophyllum (Ovcz. & Sidorenko) Bondarenko; Agropyron ugamicum Drobow] Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 131 132 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Fodder. 381. Elymus drobovii (Nevski) Tzvelev [Agropyron drobovii Nevski] Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Fodder. 382. Elymus hispidus (Opiz) Melderis [Agropyron intermedium (Host) Beauv.; Agropyron trichophorum (Link.) K. Richt.] Figure 107 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. The species is dominant of so-called savannoids (dry herbaceous steppes), a vegetation type endemic to the Central Asian mountains. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Figure 107 Elymus hispidus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 383. Elymus lolioides (P. Candargy) Melderis [Agropyron lolioides (Kar. & Kir.) Roshev.] Perennial. Meadows, fine-earth slopes, banks of rivers and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 384. Elymus repens (L.) Gould. [Agropyron repens (L.) P. Beauv.] Perennial. Wet slopes, meadows, river valleys, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, medicinal, weed. 385. Elymus uralensis (Nevski) Tzvelev [Agropyron tianschanicum Drobow] Perennial. Stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 120. Leymus Hochst. 386. Leymus alaicus (Korsch.) Tzvelev Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 387. Leymus angustus (Trin.) Pilg. Figure 108 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Fodder. ANGIOSPERMAE [ANGIOSPERMS] LILIOPSIDA [MONOCOTS] Figure 108 Leymus angustus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 388. Leymus multicaulis (Kar. & Kir.) Tzvelev Perennial. River valleys, wet meadows, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 133 134 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 135 136 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 30. Ceratophyllaceae Genus 121. Ceratophyllum L. 389. Ceratophyllum demersum L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder (for fish), ornamental. Family 31. Papaveraceae Genus 122. Papaver L. 390. Papaver dubium L. [Papaver litwinowii Fedde ex Bornm.] Figure 109 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloidbearing. Figure 109 Papaver dubium (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 391. Papaver nudicaule L. [Papaver croceum Ledeb.] Figure 110 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental, poisonous, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 110 Papaver nudicaule (photography by Natalya Beshko) 137 138 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 392. Papaver pavoninum C. A. Mey. Figure 111 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, roadsides, wastelands, settlements, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, dye, ornamental, weed, poisonous, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 111 Papaver pavoninum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 123. Roemeria Medik. 393. Roemeria hybrida (L.) DC. Figure 112 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline depressions, pebbles, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. Figure 112 Roemeria hybrida (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 394. Roemeria refracta DC. Figure 113 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, roadsides, gardens, settlements, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, dye, ornamental, weed, poisonous, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 113 Roemeria refracta (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 124. Glaucium Adans. 395. Glaucium elegans Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Figure 114 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, pebbles, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, poisonous, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 114 Glaucium elegans (photography by Natalya Beshko) 139 140 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 396. Glaucium fimbrilligerum (Trautv.) Boiss. Figure 115 Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds, pebbles, screes, cliffs, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, poisonous, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 115 Glaucium fimbrilligerum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 397. Glaucium squamigerum Kar. & Kir. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles, ravines, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Poisonous, alkaloid-bearing. Genus 125. Hypecoum L. 398. Hypecoum pendulum L. [Hypecoum parviflorum Kar. & Kir.] Figure 116 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 116 Hypecoum pendulum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 399. Hypecoum trilobum Trautv. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, sandy and clay deserts, saline depressions, wastelands, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, alkaloid-bearing. Genus 126. Corydalis DC. 400. Corydalis aitchisonii Popov [Corydalis sewerzowii Regel] Figure 117 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 117 Corydalis aitchisonii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 141 142 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 401. Corydalis glaucescens Regel Figure 118 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, shady wet places. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 118 Corydalis glaucescens (photography by Natalya Beshko) 402. Corydalis gortschakovii Schrenk Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, subalpine and alpine meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental, alkaloid-bearing. 403. Corydalis ledebouriana Kar. & Kir. Figure 119 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, medicinal, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 119 Corydalis ledebouriana (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 404. Corydalis nudicaulis Regel Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes, rocks, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 405. Corydalis schelesnowiana Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Genus 127. Fumaria L. 406. Fumaria vaillantii Loisel Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, fallow lands, wastelands, roadsides, settlements, gardens, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal weed, alkaloid-bearing, poisonous. Family 32. Berberidaceae Genus 128. Berberis L. 407. Berberis integerrima Bunge Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, dye, ornamental, meliferous, afforestation. 408. Berberis nummularia Bunge Figure 120 Shrub. Stony and gravelly slopes, rocks, screes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, dye, ornamental, melliferous, afforestation. Figure 120 Berberis nummularia (photography by Natalya Beshko) 143 144 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 409. Berberis oblonga C. K. Schneid Figure 121 Shrub. Stony slopes, screes, river valleys. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, dye, ornamental, melliferous, afforestation. Figure 121 Berberis oblonga (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 129. Gymnospermium Spach 410. Gymnospermium albertii (Regel) Takht. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, alkaloid-bearing, saponin-bearing. Genus 130. Leontice L. 411. Leontice eversmannii Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains, river valleys, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, alkaloid-bearing, saponin-bearing, poisonous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 131. Bongardia C. A. Mey. 412. Bongardia chrysogonum (L.) Boiss. Figure 122 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing, saponin-bearing, ornamental. Figure 122 Bongardia chrysogonum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 33. Ranunculaceae Genus 132. Aquilegia L. 413. Aquilegia lactiflora Kar. & Kir. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, shady wet places, swamps, river valleys, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental, poisonous. 414. Aquilegia vicaria Nevski Figure 123 Perennial. Shady wet places, rocks, banks of rivers, swamps, wet places near springs. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, poisonous. 145 146 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 123 Aquilegia vicaria (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 133. Isopyrum L. 415. Isopyrum anemonoides Kar. & Kir. Figure 124 Perennial. Shady wet places, fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, alpine meadows, swamps, banks of rivers, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Figure 124 Isopyrum anemonoides (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 134. Paraquilegia Drumm. & Hutch. 416. Paraquilegia caespitosa J. R. Drumm. & Hutch. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Genus 135. Thalictrum L. 417. Thalictrum isopyroides C. A. Mey. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, alkaloid-bearing. 418. Thalictrum minus L. Figure 125 Perennial. River valleys, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 125 Thalictrum minus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 419. Thalictrum sultanabadense Stapf. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing. Genus 136. Adonis L. 420. *Adonis aestivalis L. Figure 126 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, wastelands, fields, fallow lands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, weed, poisonous. 147 148 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 126 Adonis aestivalis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 421. Adonis turkestanica (Korsh.) Adolf. Figure 127 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, subalpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal, weed, poisonous. Figure 127 Adonis turkestanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 137. Trollius L. 422. Trollius komarovii Pachom. Figure 128 Perennial. Stream banks, swamps, places near melting snow. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Figure 128 Trollius komarovii (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 138. Aconitum L. 423. Aconitum zeravschanicum Steinb Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, subalpine and alpine meadows, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing, medicinal, poisonous, ornamental. 424. Aconitum talassicum Popov Figure 129 Perennial. Banks of rivers, ravines, wet places. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North 149 150 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Turkestan. Ornamental, alkaloid-bearing, medicinal, poisonous. UzbRDB 3. Figure 129 Aconitum talassicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 139. Consolida S. F. Gray. 425. Consolida camptocarpa (Fisch. & C. A. Mey. ex Ledeb.) Nevski [Delphinium camptocarpum Fisch. & C. A. Mey.] Figure 130 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Poisonous, alkaloid-bearing. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 130 Consolida camptocarpa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 426. Consolida leptocarpa Nevski [Delphinium leptocarpum Nevski] Figure 131 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, river valleys, fine-earth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Kyzylkum. Poisonous, 151 152 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN alkaloid-bearing. Figure 131 Consolida leptocarpa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 427. Consolida rugulosa (Boiss.) Schrödinger [Delphinium rugulosum Boiss.] Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, fine-earth and stony slopes, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Alkaloid-bearing, poisonous. Genus 140. Delphinium L. 428. Delphinium barbatum Bunge Figure 132 Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, river valleys, fallow lands, fields, roadsides. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Dye, alkaloidbearing. Figure 132 Delphinium barbatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 429. Delphinium batalinii Huth Figure 133 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, banks of rivers, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing. Figure 133 Delphinium batalinii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 153 154 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 430. Delphinium biternatum Huth Figure 134 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, banks of rivers, subalpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar. Dye, poisonous, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 134 Delphinium biternatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 431. Delphinium confusum Popov Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, alpine meadows, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Dye, alkaloid-bearing, poisonous. 432. Delphinium longipedunculatum Regel & Schmalh. Figure 135 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Dye, alkaloid-bearing, poisonous. Figure 135 Delphinium longipedunculatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 433. Delphinium oreophilum Huth Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles, moraines, banks of rivers, swamps, subalpine and alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloidbearing. 434. Delphinium poltoratzkii Rupr. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes, ravines, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing. 435. Delphinium propinquum Nevski Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, places near melting snow. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing. 436. Delphinium semibarbatum Bien. ex Boiss. Figure 136 Perennial. Clay deserts, relic mountains, piedmont plains, foothills, fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, ravines, fallow lands, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Dye, medicinal, ornamental, poisonous, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 136 Delphinium semibarbatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 155 156 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 141. Nigella L. 437. Nigella integrifolia Regel Figure 137 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, relic mountains, foothills, fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Figure 137 Nigella integrifolia (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 142. Eranthis Salisb. 438. Eranthis longistipitata Regel Figure 138 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, places near melting snows. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 138 Eranthis longistipitata (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 143. Callianthemum C. A. Mey. 439. Callianthemum alatavicum Freyn. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, rocks, moraines, pebbles, alpine meadows, banks of rivers, wet places, places near melting snow. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing. Genus 144. Anemone L. 440. Anemone biflora DC. var. petiolulosa (Juz.) S. Ziman [Anemone petiolulosa Juz.] Figure 139 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 139 Anemone biflora var. petiolulosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 441. Anemone narcissiflora subsp. protracta (Ulbr.) Ziman & Fedor. [Anemone protracta (Ulbr.) Juz.] Figure 140 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, alpine meadows, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, poisonous. Figure 140 Anemone narcissiflora subsp. protracta (photography by Natalya Beshko) 157 158 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 442. Anemone tschernaewii (Czern.) Regel Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, shady wet places. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 145. Clematis L. 443. Clematis orientalis L. Figure 141 Shrub or liana. Banks of rivers, canals and lakes, fine-earth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Ornamental, alkaloid-bearing, poisonous. Figure 141 Clematis orientalis (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 146. Pulsatilla Adans. 444. Pulsatilla campanella Fisch. ex Krylov. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, moraines. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental, alkaloid-bearing. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 147. Ceratocephala Moench 445. Ceratocephala falcata (L.) Рers. Figure 142 Annual. Sandy and clay desert, pebbles, fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, poisonous. Figure 142 Ceratocephala falcata (photography by Natalya Beshko) 446. Ceratocephala testiculata (Crantz) Besser Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, pebbles, fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, poisonous. Genus 148. Halerpestes Green 447. Halerpestes sarmentosa (Adams) Kom. Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Genus 149. Ranunculus L. 448. *Ranunculus arvensis L. Annual. Clayey soils, banks of rivers and canals, wastelands, gardens, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed, poisonous. 159 160 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 449. Ranunculus baldshuanicus Regel & Kom. Figure 143 Perennial. Wet places, meadows, banks of rivers and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing. Figure 143 Ranunculus baldshuanicus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 450. Ranunculus brevirostris Edgew Perennial. Banks of rivers, wet places. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing. 451. Ranunculus komarovii Freyn Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Alkaloid-bearing. 452. Ranunculus linearilobus Bunge Perennial. Sandy, clayey and skeleton soils. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, poisonous. 453. Ranunculus mindshelkensis B. Fedtsch. Figure 144 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing. Figure 144 Ranunculus mindshelkensis (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 454. Ranunculus natans C. A. Mey. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 455. Ranunculus olgae Regel Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing. 456. Ranunculus oxyspermus Willd. Perennial. River valleys, banks of canals, fields, gardens, roadsides, fallow lands, fine-earth and gravelly slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed, alkaloid-bearing. 457. Ranunculus paucidentatus Schrenk Figure 145 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing. Figure 145 Ranunculus paucidentatus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 458. Ranunculus pinnatisectus Popov Figure 146 Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, alkaloid-bearing. 161 162 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 146 Ranunculus pinnatisectus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 459. Ranunculus pulchellus C. A. Mey. Perennial. Wet places, swamps, alpine meadows, banks of rivers. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing. 460. Ranunculus repens L. Perennial. Wet places, banks of rivers and canals, swamps, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, alkaloid-bearing, poisonous. 461. Ranunculus rionii Lagger [Batrachium rionii (Lagger) Nym.] Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 462. Ranunculus rubrocalyx Regel ex Kom. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, alpine meadows, banks of rivers, swamps, places near melting snow. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 463. Ranunculus rufosepalus Franch. Figure 147 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, moraines, alpine meadows, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 147 Ranunculus rufosepalus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 464. Ranunculus sceleratus L. Annual or biennial. Wet places, swamps, banks of rivers and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed, poisonous, alkaloid-bearing, weed. 465. Ranunculus sewerzowii Regel Figure 148 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, piedmont plains, sandy and clay deserts. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Alkaloid-bearing. Figure 148 Ranunculus sewerzowii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 163 164 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 466. Ranunculus songaricus Schrenk Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, subalpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 467. Ranunculus sphaerospermus Boiss. & C. I. Blanche [Batrachium pachycaulon Nevski] Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, North Turkestan. 468. Ranunculus tenuilobus Regel & Kom. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 469. Ranunculus trichophyllus Chaix [Batrachium divaricatum (Schrank) Schur; Batrachium trichophyllum (Chaix) Bosch] Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Family 34. Platanaceae Genus 150. Platanus L. 470. Platanus orientalis L. Tree. River valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul (planted). Industrial, ornamental, medicinal, afforestation. Family 35. Paeoniaceae Genus 151. Paeonia L. 471. Paeonia tenuifolia L. [Paeonia hybrida Pall.] Figure 149 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, subalpine and alpine meadows, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental. UzbRDB 3. Figure 149 Paeonia tenuifolia (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Family 36. Grossulariaceae Genus 152. Ribes L. 472. Ribes meyeri Maxim. Figure 150 Shrub. Wet slopes, banks of rivers. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, ornamental. Figure 150 Ribes meyeri (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 37. Saxifragaceae Genus 153. Saxifraga L. 473. Saxifraga hirculus L. Perennial. Banks of rivers, wetstony slopes, screes, moraines, alpine meadows, places near melting 165 166 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN snow. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. UzbRDB 2. 474. Saxifraga sibirica L. Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, rocks, moraines, alpine meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Meliferous. Family 38. Crassulaceae Genus 154. Clemensia Rose 475. Clementsia semenovii (Regel & Herder) Boriss. Figure 151 Perennial. Wet stony slopes, pebbles, swamps, banks of rivers. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, dye. Figure 151 Clementsia semenovii (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 155. Rhodiola L. 476. Rhodiola heterodonta (Hook f. & Thomson) Boriss. Figure 152 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, alpine meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 152 Rhodiola heterodonta (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 156. Sedum L. 477. Sedum hispanicum L. [Sedum pentapetalum Boriss.] Annual. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar. Figure 153 Sedum hispanicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Figure 153 167 168 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 478. Sedum tetramerum Trautv. Figure 154 Annual. Stony, slopes, clay deserts, piedmont plain, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. Figure 154 Sedum tetramerum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 157. Pseudosedum (Boiss.) A. Berger 479. Pseudosedum bucharicum Boriss. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 480. Pseudosedum campanuliflorum Boriss. Figure 155 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, threatened species. UzbRDB 1. Figure 155 Pseudosedum campanuliflorum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 481. Pseudosedum lievenii (Ledeb.) A. Berger. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Ornamental. 482. Pseudosedum longidentatum Boriss. Figure 156 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 156 Pseudosedum longidentatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 158. Rosularia (DC.) Stapf. 483. Rosularia radicosa (Boiss. & Hohen.) Eggli [Rosularia paniculata (Regel & Schmalh.) A. Berger] Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 484. Rosularia subspicata (Freyn & Sint.) Boriss. Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Family 39. Haloragaceae Genus 159. Myriophyllum L. 485. Myriophyllum spicatum L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Mirzachul. Medicinal, fodder, dye, ornamental, industrial. 169 170 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 40. Vitaceae Genus 160. Vitis L. 486. Vitis vinifera L. Figure 157 Shrub. Ravines, mountain valleys. Montane zone, Nuratau. Food, medicinal, ornamental, melliferous. UzbRDB 2. Figure 157 Vitis vinifera (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 41. Zygophyllaceae Genus 161. Zygophyllum L. 487. Zygophyllum jaxarticum Popov Perennial. Saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul. 488. Zygophyllum macrophyllum Regel & Schmalh. Figure 158 Perennial. Saline lands, banks of canals, fields, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain. Mirzachul. Figure 158 Zygophyllum macrophyllum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 489. Zygophyllum miniatum Cham. Figure 159 Perennial. Clay deserts, relic mountains. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul. Figure 159 Zygophyllum miniatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 490. Zygophyllum oxianum Boriss. Figure 160 Perennial. Saline lands, sandy soils, river valleys, banks of canals, fields, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, medicinal, poisonous. Figure 160 Zygophyllum oxianum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 162. Tribulus L. 491. *Tribulus terrestris L. Annual. Sandy, clayey and saline soils, pebbles, fields, fallow lands, wastelands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, 171 172 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, medicinal, poisonous. Family 42. Fabaceae [Leguminosae] Genus 163. *Gleditsia L. 492. *Gleditsia caspia Desf. Tree. River valleys, fine-earth slopes (cultivated and naturalized). Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Ornamental, afforestation, industrial, fodder. Genus 164. Sophora L. 493. Sophora alopecuroides L. [Vexibia alopecuroides (L.) Yakovlev] Figure 161 Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes, river valleys, meadows, swamps, wet places, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed, poisonous. Figure 161 Sophora alopecuroides (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 494. Sophora lehmanni (Bunge) Yakovlev [Ammothamnus lehmanni Bunge] Semishrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Poisonous, ornamental, afforestation, melliferous, insecticide. 495. Sophora pachycarpa C. A. Mey. [Vexibia pachycarpa (C. A. Mey.) Yakovlev] Figure 162 Perennial. Sandy, clayey and saline soils, fine-earth and gravelly slopes, banks of canals, fields, fallow lands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, poisonous. Figure 162 Sophora pachycarpa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 173 174 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 165. Ammodendron Fisch. 496. Ammodendron conollyi Bunge ex Boiss. Figure 163 Tree or shrub. Sandy deserts, saline lands. Plain. Kyzylkum. Dye, ornamental, industrial, afforestation, melliferous. Figure 163 Ammodendron conollyi (photography by Natalya Beshko) 497. Ammodendron lehmannii Bunge ex Boiss. Tree or shrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum, Mirzachul. Ornamental, afforestation, melliferous. Genus 166. Ononis L. 498. Ononis spinosa subsp. antiquorum (L.) Briq. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, banks of canals, roadsides, fields. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Fodder. Genus 167. Trigonella L. 499. Trigonella adscendens (Nevski) Afan. & Gontsch. [Melissitus adscendens (Nevski) Ikonn.] Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 500. Trigonella aristata (Vassilcz.) Sojak [Melissitus aristatus (Vass.) Latsch.] Perennial. Stony slopes, dry riverbeds, river valleys. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 501. Trigonella cancellata Desf. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles, fallow lands, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 502. Trigonella geminiflora Bunge Figure 164 Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, sandy and clay deserts, fallow lands, roadsides, banks of rivers, dry riverbeds. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Figure 164 Trigonella geminiflora (photography by Natalya Beshko) 503. Trigonella gontscharovii Vassilcz. [Melissitus gontscharovii (Vassilcz.) Latsch.] Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 504. Trigonella grandiflora Bunge Figure 165 Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, banks of canals, roadsides, dry riverbeds, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Figure 165 Trigonella grandiflora (photography by Natalya Beshko) 175 176 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 505. Trigonella popovii Korovin [Melissitus popovii (Korovin) Golosk.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes, river valleys. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 506. Trigonella verae Sirj. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 168. Melissitus Medik. 507. Melissitus pamiricus (Boriss.) Golosk Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 169. Medicago L. 508. Medicago lupulina L. Annual or biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, banks of canals, pebbles, meadows, gardens, fields. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, medicinal, melliferous. 509. Medicago medicaginoides (Retz.) E. Small [Trigonella arcuata C. A. Mey.] Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, fallow lands, banks of rivers, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 510. Medicago minima (L.) L. Annual or biennial. Clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds, river valleys, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, melliferous, weed. 511. Medicago monantha (C. A. Mey.) Trautv. [Trigonella noeana Boiss.] Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar. Fodder, melliferous, weed. 512. Medicago orbicularis (L.) Bartal Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, pebbles, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, melliferous, weed. 513. Medicago orthoceras (Kar. & Kir.) Trautv. [Trigonella orthoceras Kar. & Kir.] Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, dry riverbeds, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Fodder, medicinal, dye. 514. Medicago polymorpha L. [Medicago denticulata Willd.] Annual. Piedmont plains, fine-earth and gravelly slopes, gardens, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder, medicinal, melliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 515. Medicago rigidula (L.) All. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains, clay deserts, river valleys, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, melliferous, weed. 516. *Medicago sativa L. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, meadows, screes, river valleys, pebbles, gardens, pastures, fields, fallow lands, roadsides (naturalized). Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, medicinal, melliferous. Genus 170. Melilotus Mill. 517. Melilotus albus Medik. Biennial. Meadows, river valleys, banks of canals, fine-earth slopes, pebbles, wet places, fallow lands, fields, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, medicinal, melliferous, insecticide. 518. Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall. Biennial. Fine-earth slopes, meadows, river valleys, roadsides, gardens, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, medicinal, melliferous, insecticide. Genus 171. Trifolium L. 519. Trifolium campestre Schreb. [Chrysaspis campestris (Schreb.) Desv.] Annual. River valleys, meadows, fine-earth slopes, fields. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar. Fodder, melliferous. 520. Trifolium fragiferum L.[Trifolium neglectum C. A. Mey.; Amoria bonannii (C. Presl.) Roskov; Amoria fragifera (L.) Roskov] Perennial. Wet places, meadows, banks of rivers and canals, swamps, pebbles, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, melliferous. 521. Trifolium pratense L. Figure 166 Perennial. River valleys, banks of canals, fine-earth slopes, wet places, meadows, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, medicinal, essential oil, dye, melliferous. 177 178 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 166 Trifolium pratense (photography by Natalya Beshko) 522. Trifolium repens L. Perennial. Wet places, meadows, banks of rivers and canals, swamps, pebbles, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, medicinal, melliferous. Genus 172. Lotus L. 523. Lotus krylovii Schischkin & Serg. [L. sergievskiae Kamelin & Kovalevsk.] Perennial. River valleys, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fallow lands, meadows, fields, gardens, saline lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. Genus 173. Cullen Medik. 524. Cullen drupaceum (Bunge) C. H. Stirt. [Psoralea drupacea Bunge] Figure 167 Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, piedmont plain, sandy and clay deserts, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, essential oil, MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] meliferous, weed. Figure 167 Cullen drupaceum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 174. Smirnowia Bunge 525. Smirnowia turkestana Bunge Shrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Medicinal. Genus 175. Colutea L. 526. Colutea paulsenii Freyn Figure 168 Shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, afforestation, melliferous. Figure 168 Colutea paulsenii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 179 180 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 176. Halimodendron Fisch. ex DC. 527. Halimodendron halodendron (Pall.) Voss. Figure 169 Shrub. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Dye, fodder, ornamental, afforestation, melliferous. Figure 169 Halimodendron halodendron (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 177. Caragana Fabr. 528. Caragana alaica Pojark. Shrub. Stony slopes, ravines, river valleys. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Melliferous. 529. Caragana turkestanica Kom. Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Melliferous. Genus 178. Chesneya Lindl. 530. Chesneya ternata (Korsh.) Popov Figure 170 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles, banks of rivers. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 170 Chesneya ternata (photography by Natalya Beshko) 181 182 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 531. Chesneya turkestanica Franch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 179. Astragalus L. 532. Astragalus adpressipilosus Gontsch. Perennial. Stony slopes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 533. Astragalus alabugensis B. Fedtsch. Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. 534. Astragalus alopecias Pall. Figure 171 Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, piedmont plains, sandy and clay deserts, screes, fallow lands, banks of rivers and canals, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, ornamental. Family 171 Astragalus alopecias (photography by Natalya Beshko) 535. Astragalus alpinus L. Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes, banks of rivers, subalpine and alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental, melliferous. 536. Astragalus ammotrophus Bunge Perennial. Stony and gravelly slopes, clay deserts. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 537. Astragalus angreni Lipsky Perennial. Fine-earth slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 538. Astragalus aphanassjievii Gontsch. Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 539. Astragalus aschuturi B. Fedtsch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, dry riverbeds. Montane and alpine zones, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 540. Astragalus bactrianus Bunge Figure 172 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 172 Astragalus bactrianus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 541. Astragalus bakaliensis Bunge Annual. Sandy deserts, stony slopes, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, melliferous. 542. Astragalus belolipovii Kamelin ex F. O. Khass. & N. Sulajm. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, among juniper forests. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. UzbRDB 1. 543. Astragalus camptoceras Bunge Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills, montane zone. 183 184 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 544. Astragalus campylorrhynchus Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Figure 173 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, sandy and clay deserts. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Figure 173 Astragalus campylorrhynchus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 545. Astragalus campylotrichus Bunge Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, sandy and clay deserts. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 546. Astragalus chodshenticus B. Fedtsch. Semishrub. River valleys, saline lands. Plain, foothills. Malguzar. 547. Astragalus commixtus Bunge Annual. Sandy, clayey and sceleton soils. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 548. Astragalus compositus Pavlov Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. 549. Astragalus contortuplicatus L. Annual. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fields. Plain. Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 550. Astragalus cornu-bovis Lipsky Annual. Sandy and clay deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. 551. Astragalus dendroides Kar. & Kir. Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 552. Astragalus dictamnoides Gontsch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 553. Astragalus dipelta Bunge Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 554. Astragalus dolichocarpus Popov Semishrub. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. 555. Astragalus eximius Bunge Figure 174 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 174 Astragalus eximius (photography by Natalya Beshko) 556. Astragalus falcigerus Popov Semishrub. Gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. 557. Astragalus farctissimus Lipsky Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 558. Astragalus ferganensis (Popov) B. Fedtsch. ex A. S. Korol. Perennial. Stony slopes, pebbles. Foothills. North Turkestan. 559. Astragalus filicaulis Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. Sandy, clayey and skeleton soils, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 185 186 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 560. Astragalus flexus Fisch. Figure 175 Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. Figure 175 Astragalus flexus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 561. Astragalus floccosifolius Sumnev. Figure 176 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, fallow lands. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 176 Astragalus floccosifolius (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 562. Astragalus globiceps Bunge Figure 177 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental. Figure 177 Astragalus globiceps (photography by Natalya Beshko) 563. Astragalus guttatus Bans & Solander [Astragalus striatellus M. Bieb.] Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills. Nuratau. Fodder. 564. Astragalus harpilobus Kar. & Kir. Annual. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 565. Astragalus inaequalifolius Basil. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau. 566. Astragalus intarrensis Franch. Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 567. Astragalus iskanderi Lipsky Shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 568. Astragalus isfahanicus Boiss. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 569. Astragalus jagnobicus Lipsky Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 570. Astragalus juratzkanus Freyn & Sint. [Astragalus maverranagri Popov] Semishrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, roadsides. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 571. Astragalus kelleri Popov Figure 178 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. UzbRDB 2. 187 188 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 178 Astragalus kelleri (photography by Natalya Beshko) 572. Astragalus knorringianus Boriss. Figure 179 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. UzbRDB 2. Figure 179 Astragalus knorringianus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 573. Astragalus lasiosemius Boiss. Semishrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 574. Astragalus lasiostylus Fisch. [Astragalus vladimiri Sirj.] Shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 575. Astragalus leiophysa Bunge Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. 576. Astragalus lentilobus Kamelin & Kovalevsk. Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes, screes, moraines, subalpine and alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 577. Astragalus leptophysus Vved. Figure 180 Perennial. Stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan, Nuratau Reserve. UzbRDB 2. Figure 180 Astragalus leptophysus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 189 190 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 578. Astragalus leptostachys Pall. Figure 181 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Figure 181 Astragalus leptostachys (photography by Natalya Beshko) 579. Astragalus lipskyi Popov Figure 182 Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 182 Astragalus lipskyi (photography by Natalya Beshko) 580. Astragalus lithophilus Kar. & Kir. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, moraines, screes, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones, North Turkestan. 581. Astragalus macrocladus Bunge Figure 183 Semishrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, melliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 183 Astragalus macrocladus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 582. Astragalus macronyx Bunge Figure 184 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 184 Astragalus macronyx (photography by Natalya Beshko) 191 192 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 583. Astragalus macropetalus Schrenk Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes, Clay deserts. Plain, foothills. Nuratau. 584. Astragalus macrotropis Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, rocks, banks of rivers, pebbles. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 585. Astragalus marguzaricus Lipsky Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, banks of rivers, pebbles. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 586. Astragalus masenderanus Bunge [Astragalus kurdaicus Saposhn. ex Sumn.; Astragalus skorniakovii B. Fedtsch.] Figure 185 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Figure 185 Astragalus masenderanus (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 587. Astragalus mucidus Bunge ex Boiss. Figure 186 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 186 Astragalus mucidus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 588. Astragalus nematodes Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Foothills. Nuratau. 589. Astragalus nivalis Kar. & Kir. Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, banks of rivers, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 590. Astragalus nobilis Bunge ex B. Fedtsch. Figure 187 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 187 Astragalus nobilis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 193 194 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 591. Astragalus nuciferus Bunge Figure 188 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 188 Astragalus nuciferus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 592. Astragalus ophiocarpus Benth. ex Boiss. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, banks of rivers. Plain. Mirzachul. Fodder. 593. Astragalus orbiculatus Ledeb. Perennial. Sandy deserts, saline lands, wet places, banks of rivers. Plain. Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 594. Astragalus oxyglottis Stev. ex M. Bieb. Annual. Fine-earth, skeleton, rarely sandy soils. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul. Fodder. 595. Astragalus patentipilosus Kitam. [Astragalus korovinianus Barneby] Perennial. Clayey soils, among sagebrush vegetation. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Mirzachul. Fodder. 596. Astragalus patentivillosus Gontsch. Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes, moraines. Montane and alpine zone. North Turkestan. 597. Astragalus paucijugus Schrenk Shrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, meliferous. 598. Astragalus pauper Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes, alpine meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 599. Astragalus peduncularis Benth. [Astragalus corydalinus Bunge] Perennial. Stony slopes, pebbles, screes, wet meadows. Montane and alpine zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 600. Astragalus persipolitanus Boiss. [Astragalus ammophilus Kar. & Kir.] Annual. Sandy, clayey and skeleton soils, screes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 601. Astragalus petunnikovii Litv. Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 602. Astragalus platyphyllus Kar. & Kir. Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 603. Astragalus pterocephalus Bunge [Astragalus stipulosus Boriss.] Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 604. Astragalus pulcher Korovin Figure 189 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau. Figure 189 Astragalus pulcher (photography by Natalya Beshko) 605. Astragalus quisqualis Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 606. Astragalus retamocarpus Boiss. & Hohen. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar. Fodder. 607. Astragalus rubromarginatus Czerniak. Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. 608. Astragalus russanovii F. O. Khass., Sarybaeva & Esankulov Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 609. Astragalus saratagius Bunge Perennial. Stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 610. Astragalus sarytavicus Popov Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 611. Astragalus schachimardanus Basil. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 612. Astragalus schmalhausenii Bunge Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. 613. Astragalus schrenkianus Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau. 195 196 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 614. Astragalus schugnanicus B. Fedtsch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, alpine meadows, stream banks. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder. 615. Astragalus sesamoides Boiss. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, river valleys, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 616. Astragalus sewerzowii Bunge [Astragalus subbarbellatus Bunge] Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, subalpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 617. Astragalus sieversianus Pall. Figure 190 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, medicinal, ornamental. Figure 190 Astragalus sieversianus (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 618. Astragalus sogdianus Bunge Figure 191 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plain. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Figure 191 Astragalus sogdianus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 619. Astragalus stalinskyi Širj. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plain. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 620. Astragalus stenanthus Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. 621. Astragalus stenocystis Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 622. Astragalus subinduratus Gontsch. Perennial. Stony slopes, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 623. Astragalus subscaposus Popov ex Boriss. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, wet places near springs, meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 624. Astragalus substipitatus Gontsch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North 197 198 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Turkestan. 625. Astragalus subverticillatus Gontsch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 626. Astragalus tibetanus Benth. ex Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 627. Astragalus titovii Gontsch. Perennial. Stony slopes, swamps, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 628. Astragalus transoxanus Fisch. ex Bunge Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. 629. Astragalus turbinatus Bunge Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. 630. Astragalus turczaninovii Kar. & Kir. Figure 192 Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Figure 192 Astragalus turczaninovii (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 631. Astragalus turkestanus Bunge Figure 193 Perennial. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. Figure 193 Astragalus turkestanus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 199 200 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 632. Astragalus unifoliolatus Bunge Semishrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, melliferous. 633. Astragalus uninodus Popov & Vved. Annual. River valleys, stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 634. Astragalus urgutinus Lipsky Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, cliffs. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 635. Astragalus variegatus Franch. Figure 194 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, banks of rivers, fallow lands. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 194 Astragalus variegatus (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 636. Astragalus vicarius Lipsky Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, fields. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 637. Astragalus villosissimus Bunge Semishrub. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, melliferous. 638. Astragalus xanthomeloides Korovin & Popov Figure 195 Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, pebbles. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 195 Astragalus xanthomeloides (photography by Natalya Beshko) 201 202 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 180. Oxytropis DC. 639. Oxytropis aspera Gontsch. Fedtsch. Perennial. Stony slopes, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 640. Oxytropis capusii Franch. Figure 196 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 196 Oxytropis capusii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 641. Oxytropis chesneyoides Gontsch. Perennial. Rocks, stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. 642. Oxytropis humifusa Kar. & Kir. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, moraines, alpine meadows, places near melting snow. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 643. Oxytropis immersa (Baker) B. Fedtsch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, moraines, alpine meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 644. Oxytropis integripetala Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. 645. Oxytropis kamelinii Vassilcz. Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar. Endemic. 646. Oxytropis lehmanni Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 647. Oxytropis leucocyanea Bunge Semishrub. Stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 648. Oxytropis lipskyi Gontsch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 649. Oxytropis macrocarpa Kar. & Kir. Figure 197 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 197 Oxytropis macrocarpa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 203 204 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 650. Oxytropis michelsonii B. Fedtsch. Perennial. Stony slopes, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 651. Oxytropis microsphaera Bunge Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 652. Oxytropis platonychia Bunge Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, pebbles, alpine meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 653. Oxytropis pseudorosea Filim. Figure 198 Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, UzbRDB 2. Figure 198 Oxytropis pseudorosea (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 654. Oxytropis riparia Litv. Perennial. Meadows, river valleys, wet slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Endemic to the Nuratau Mountains. 655. Oxytropis rosea Bunge Figure 199 Perennial. Dry riverbeds, pebbles, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 199 Oxytropis rosea (photography by Natalya Beshko) 656. Oxytropis savellanica Bunge Semishrub. Stony slopes, screes, rocks, alpine meadows, stream banks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 657. Oxytropis seravschanica Gontsch. Perennial. Stony slopes, dry riverbeds. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 658. Oxytropis tachtensis Franch. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 659. Oxytropis trichocalycina Bunge Figure 200 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 205 206 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 200 Oxytropis trichocalycina (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 181. Glycyrrhiza L. 660. Glycyrrhiza aspera Pall. Perennial. Banks of rivers, saline lands, fine-earth slopes, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul. Medicinal, fodder, melliferous. 661. Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, meadows, fields, fallow lands, river valleys, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, food, fodder, dye, industrial, melliferous, weed. 662. Glycyrrhiza triphylla Fisch. & C. A. Mey. [Meristotropis triphylla Fisch. & C. A. Mey.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, pebbles, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, fodder, melliferous. Genus 182. Hedysarum L. 663. Hedysarum flavescens Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, river valleys, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental, meliferous. 664. Hedysarum jaxarticum Popov & Kir. Perennial. Clayey soils. Plain, foothills. North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental, meliferous. 665. Hedysarum mogianicum (B. Fedtsch.) B. Fedtsch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Fodder, ornamental, melliferous. 666. Hedysarum montanum (B. Fedtsch.) B. Fedtsch. Perennial. Pebbles, fine-earth and stony slopes, fallow lands, roadsides. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental, melliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 667. Hedysarum nuratense Popov Figure 201 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental, melliferous. Figure 201 Hedysarum nuratense (photography by Natalya Beshko) 207 208 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 668. Hedysarum plumosum Boiss. & Hausskn. Figure 202 Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, rocks, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental, melliferous. Figure 202 Hedysarum plumosum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 183. Onobrychis Hill 669. Onobrychis chorassanica Bunge Figure 203 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, melliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 203 Onobrychis chorassanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 670. Onobrychis echidna Lipsky Shrub. Stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, melliferous. 209 210 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 671. Onobrychis gontscharovii Vassilcz. Perennial. Rocks, stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Fodder, melliferous. 672. Onobrychis grandis Lipsky Figure 204 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, melliferous. Figure 204 Onobrychis grandis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 673. Onobrychis micrantha Schrenk Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, meliferous, weed. 674. Onobrychis pulchella Schrenk Figure 205 Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles, fields, fallow lands, piedmont plains, clay deserts. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, meliferous, weed. Figure 205 Onobrychis pulchella (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 675. Onobrychis saravschanica B. Fedtsch. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, melliferous. Genus 184. Alhagi Hill 676. Alhagi canescens (Regel) B. Keller & Shap. Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, roadsides, fallow and saline lands, banks of canals. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, medicinal, melliferous. 677. Alhagi kirghisorum Schrenk Figure 206 Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, roadsides, fallow lands, fields, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, medicinal, melliferous. Figure 206 Alhagi kirghisorum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 678. Alhagi pseudalhagi (M. Bieb.) Desv. ex B. Keller & Shap. Perennial. Saline wet places, sandy deserts, river valleys, banks of lakes and canals, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, medicinal, melliferous. Genus 185. Cicer L. 679. Cicer flexuosum Lipsky Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, pebbles. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 680. Cicer grande (Popov) Korotkova Figure 207 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Reserve. UzbRDB 2. Fodder, food, threatened species. 211 212 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 207 Cicer grande (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 681. Cicer macracanthum Popov Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 682. Cicer paucijugum (Popov) Nevski. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. 683. Cicer pungens Boiss. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 684. Cicer songaricum DC. Figure 208 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, food. Figure 208 Cicer songaricum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 213 214 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 186. Vicia L. 685. Vicia anatolica Turrill [Vicia hajastana Grossh.] Annual. Stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 686.*Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, fields. Foothills, montane zone, Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, food, weed. 687. Vicia hyrcanica Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. Fine-earth slopes, meadows, river valleys, wastelands, gardens, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. 688. Vicia kokanica Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, river valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 689. Vicia michauxii Spreng. Figure 209 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, meadows, fallow lands, fields, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. Figure 209 Vicia michauxii (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 690. *Vicia peregrina L. [Vicia gracilior (Popov) Popov ex B. Fedtsch.] Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, meadows, screes, fallow lands, fields, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. Fodder, weed. 691. *Vicia sativa subsp. nigra (L). Ehrh. [Vicia angustifolia L.] Annual. Fine-earth slopes, meadows, river valleys, wastelands, gardens, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, melliferous. 692. Vicia subvillosa (Ledeb.) Boiss. Figure 210 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Figure 210 Vicia subvillosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 693. Vicia tenuifolia Roth. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes, river valleys, meadows, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, melliferous. 694. *Vicia villosa Roth. Annual. Meadows, gardens, fallow lands, river valleys, fine-earth slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed, melliferous. 215 216 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 187. Lens Mill. 695. Lens culinaris subsp. orientalis (Boiss.) Ponert [Lens orientalis (Boiss.) Schmalh.] Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, food, weed. Genus 188. Lathyrus L. 696. Lathyrus aphaca L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, banks of canals, pebbles, fallow lands, gardens, fields, meadows. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, medicinal, dye, melliferous. 697.*Lathyrus cicera L. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, meadows, pebbles, banks of streams and canals, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Fodder, medicinal, melliferous. 698. Lathyrus inconspicuus L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes, ravines, fallow lands, fields, gardens, banks of rivers, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 699. Lathyrus pratensis L. Figure 211 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, ravines, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles, wet meadows. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, medicinal, melliferous. Figure 211 Lathyrus pratensis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 700. *Lathyrus sativus L. [Lathyrus asiaticus (Zalkind) Kudr.] Annual. River valleys, fields, fallow lands, wastelands, ravines. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains. Fodder, food, weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 701. Lathyrus tuberosus L. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, wet meadows, banks of canals, fallow lands, fields. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Fodder, food, medicinal. Family 43. Polygalaceae Genus 189. Polygala L. 702. Polygala hybrida DC. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, banks of streams, wet places, subalpine meadows, gardens. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, melliferous. Family 44. Rosaceae Genus 190. Spiraea L. 703. Spiraea hypericifolia L. Figure 212 Shrub. River valleys, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, pebbles. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, afforestation, ornamental, melliferous. Figure 212 Spiraea hypericifolia (photography by Natalya Beshko) 704. Spiraea pilosa Franch. Figure 213 Shrub. Stony slopes, banks of rivers, rocks, ravines. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental, melliferous. 217 218 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 213 Spiraea pilosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 191. Cotoneaster Medik. 705. Cotoneaster goloskokovii Pojark. Shrub. Stony slopes, screes, ravines. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Industrial, afforestation, ornamental, melliferous. 706. Cotoneaster multiflorus Bunge Figure 214 Shrub. Rocks, stony slopes, ravines. Montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Industrial, afforestation, ornamental, melliferous. Figure 214 Cotoneaster multiflorus (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 707. Cotoneaster nummularioides Pojark. Figure 215 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles, banks of rivers, ravines. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Industrial, afforestation, ornamental, melliferous. Figure 215 Cotoneaster nummularioides (photography by Natalya Beshko) 708. Cotoneaster nummularius Fisch. & C.A. Mey. Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, subalpine meadows. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Industrial, afforestation, ornamental, melliferous. 709. Cotoneaster oliganthus Pojark. Figure 216 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Industrial, afforestation, ornamental, melliferous. Figure 216 Cotoneaster oliganthus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 219 220 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 710. Cotoneaster songaricus (Regel & Herder) Popov Figure 217 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Industrial, afforestation, ornamental, melliferous. Figure 217 Cotoneaster songaricus (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 711. Cotoneaster suavis Pojark. Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Industrial, afforestation, ornamental, melliferous. Genus 192. Pyrus L. 712. *Pyrus communis L. Tree River valleys (planted and naturalized). Montane zone. Nuratau. Food, ornamental, industrial, dye, melliferous. 713. Pyrus korshinskyi Litv. Tree. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane zone. Malguzar. Ornamental, melliferous. IUCN CR. 714. Pyrus regelii Rehd. Figure 218 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, melliferous. Figure 218 Pyrus regelii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 221 222 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 715. Pyrus turcomanica Maleev. Tree. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Food, ornamental, industrial, dye, melliferous. Genus 193. Malus Mill. 716. Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M. Roem Figure 219 Tree. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, ravines, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, fodder, industrial, dye, ornamental, melliferous. IUCN VU. Figure 219 Malus sieversii (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 194. Sorbus L. 717. Sorbus persica Hedl. Figure 220 Tree. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Afforestation, industrial, ornamental, melliferous. Figure 220 Sorbus persica (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 718. Sorbus tianschanica Rupr. Figure 221 Tree. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, afforestation, industrial, ornamental, melliferous. Figure 221 Sorbus tianschanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 195. Crataegus L. 719. Crataegus pontica C. Koch Figure 222 Tree. Fine-earth slopes, stream banks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, afforestation, industrial, ornamental, melliferous. Figure 222 Crataegus pontica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 223 224 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 720. Crataegus songarica C. Koch Figure 223 Tree. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, banks of rivers. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, medicinal, afforestation, industrial, ornamental, melliferous. Figure 223 Crataegus songarica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 721. Crataegus turkestanica Pojark. Figure 224 Tree. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, medicinal, afforestation, industrial, ornamental, melliferous. Figure 224 Crataegus turkestanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 196. Rubus L. 722. Rubus caesius L. Figure 225 Shrub. Woodlands, wet stony slopes, screes, pebbles, fallow lands, river valleys, banks of canals, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, dye, ornamental, fodder, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 225 Rubus caesius (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 197. Potentilla L. 723. Potentilla asiatica (Th. Wolf) Juz. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, melliferous. 724. Potentilla asiae-mediae Ovcz. & Koczk. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Melliferous. 725. Potentilla desertorum Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar. melliferous. 726. Potentilla flabellata Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Wet fine-earth and stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Melliferous. 727. Potentilla gelida C. A. Mey. Figure 226 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, moraines, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal, fodder, melliferous. 225 226 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 226 Potentilla gelida (photography by Natalya Beshko) 728. Potentilla hololeuca Boiss. ex Lehm. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, alpine meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. melliferous. 729. Potentilla inclinata Vill. [Potentilla impolita Wahlenb.] Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, fallow lands. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. melliferous. 730. Potentilla orientalis Juz. Figure 227 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, melliferous. Figure 227 Potentilla orientalis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 731. Potentilla pamiroalaica Juz. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, pebbles, alpine meadows. Alpine zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Melliferous. 732. Potentilla pedata Willd. ex Hornem Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, melliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 733. Potentilla reptans L. Figure 228 Perennial. Meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, wet places. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, melliferous. Figure 228 Potentilla reptans (photography by Natalya Beshko) 734. Potentilla soongorica Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Melliferous. 735. Potentilla supina L. Perennial. River valleys, swamps, wet places, banks of canals, roadsides, wastelands, fields, fineearth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, fodder, melliferous. 736. Potentilla vvedenskyi Botsch. Perennial. Rocks, alpine meadows, moraines, stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Melliferous. Genus 198. Pentaphylloides Duham. 737. Pentaphylloides parvifolia (Fisch. ex Lehm.) Soják Shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, pebbles, river valleys, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal, fodder, ornamental, meliferous. Genus 199. Sibbaldia L. 738. Sibbaldia tetrandra Bunge Shrub. Moraines, fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, rocks, alpine meadows, places near melting snow. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 227 228 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 200. Geum L. 739. Geum heterocarpum Boiss. [Orthurus heterocarpus (Boiss.) Juz.] Figure 229 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, stream banks, shady wet places. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous. Figure 229 Geum heterocarpum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 201. Orthurus Juz. 740. Orthurus kokanicus (Regel & Schmalh. ex Regel) Juz. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous. Genus 202. Alchemilla L. 741. Alchemilla fontinalis Juz. Perennial. Stream banks, alpine meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 742. Alchemilla krylovii Juz. Perennial. Alpine meadows, stream banks, swamps. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 743. Alchemilla sibirica Zamelis Perennial. Wet places, stream banks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 203. Agrimonia L. 744. Agrimonia asiatica Juz. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, meadows, gardens, banks of canals, roadsides. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 204. Sanguisorba L. 745. *Sanguisorba minor Scop. [Poterium lasiocarpum Boiss. & Hausskn.] Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, fallow lands, fields, meadows, gardens, roadsides. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, meliferous. 746. *Sanguisorba minor subsp. balearica (Bourg. & Nyman) Muoz Garm. & C. Navarro [Poterium polygamum Waldst. & Kitag.] Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, fallow lands, fields, meadows, gardens, roadsides. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder, meliferous. Genus 205. Rosa L. 747. Rosa beggeriana Schrenk & Fisch. ex C. A. Mey. Figure 230 Shrub. Fine-earth slopes, river valleys, banks of canals, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, ornamental. Figure 230 Rosa beggeriana (photography by Natalya Beshko) 229 230 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 748. Rosa canina L. Figure 231 Shrub. River valleys, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, food, tanniferous, ornamental, afforestation, meliferous. Figure 231 Rosa canina (photography by Natalya Beshko) 749. Rosa corymbifera Borkh Shrub. River valleys, fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, food, ornamental, afforestation, meliferous. 750. Rosa ecae Aitch. Figure 232 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, ornamental, meliferous, weed. Figure 232 Rosa ecae (photography by Natalya Beshko) 751. Rosa fedtschenkoana Regel Figure 233 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, ravines, river valleys. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, ornamental, afforestation, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 233 Rosa fedtschenkoana (photography by Natalya Beshko) 752. Rosa hissarica Slobodova Shrub. Stony slopes, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. 753. Rosa lehmanniana Bunge Shrub. Ravines, river valleys, wet fine-earth slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. 754. Rosa kokanica (Regel) Regel ex Juz. Figure 234 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, ravines, river valleys. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, afforestation, meliferous. 231 232 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 234 Rosa kokanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 755. Rosa maracandica Bunge Figure 235 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, pebbles, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 235 Rosa maracandica (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 756. Rosa nanothamnus Boulenger Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. 757. Rosa transturkestanica N. F. Russanov. Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. Genus 206. Hulthemia Dumort. 758. Hulthemia persica (Michx. & Juss.) Bornm. Shrub. Wastelands, pebbles, sandy soils, piedmont plains, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Ornamental, weed, meliferous. Genus 207. Prunus L. 759. Prunus armeniaca L. [Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.] Tree. Fine-earth slopes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, oil, medicinal, tanniferous, dye, afforestation, industrial, ornamental, meliferous. IUCN EN. 760. Prunus bucharica (Korsh.) B. Fedtsch. ex Rehder [Amygdalus bucharica Korsh.] Figure 236 Tree or shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, oil, ornamental, dye, afforestation, industrial, meliferous. IUCN VU. Figure 236 Prunus bucharica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 233 234 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 761. *Prunus cerasus L. [Cerasus vulgaris Mill.] Tree. River valleys (naturalized). Nuratau. Food, medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. 762. Prunus divaricata Ledeb. Figure 237 Tree. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, river valleys, ravines. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, oil, ornamental, afforestation, meliferous. Figure 237 Prunus divaricata (photography by Natalya Beshko) 763. *Prunus domestica L. Tree. Fine-earth slopes, river valleys (naturalized). Montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, food, oil, ornamental, afforestation, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 764.*Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb [Amygdalus communis L.] Tree. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, banks of rivers. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, oil, ornamental, afforestation, industrial, meliferous. 765. Prunus erythrocarpa (Nevski) Gilli [Cerasus erythrocarpa Nevski] Figure 238 Shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes, ravines, banks of rivers. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, industrial, afforestation, meliferous. Figure 238 Prunus erythrocarpa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 235 236 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 766. Prunus mahaleb L. [Cerasus mahaleb (L.) Mill.] Figure 239 Tree. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes, ravines, banks of rivers. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, ornamental, afforestation, meliferous. Figure 239 Prunus mahaleb (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 767. Prunus spinosissima (Bunge) Franch. [Amygdalus spinosissima Bunge] Figure 240 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Oil, dye, ornamental, afforestation, meliferous. Figure 240 Prunus spinosissima (photography by Natalya Beshko) 237 238 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 768. Prunus verrucosa Franch.[Cerasus amygdaliflora Nevski, Cerasus verrucosa (Franch.) Nevski] Figure 241 Shrub. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, afforestation, meliferous. Figure 241 Prunus verrucosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 45. Elaeagnaceae Genus 208. Hippophae L. 769. Hippophae rhamnoides L. Figure 242 Shrub. River valleys, ravines. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Medicinal, dye, food, ornamental, meliferous, afforestation. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 242 Hippophae rhamnoides (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 209. Elaeagnus L. 770. Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Figure 243 Tree. Banks of lakes and canals, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Food, medicinal, afforestation, industrial, tanniferous, dye, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 243 Elaeagnus angustifolia (photography by Natalya Beshko） 239 240 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 46. Rhamnaceae Genus 210. Sageretia Brongn. 771. Sageretia thea (Osbeck) M. S. Johnst. [Sageratia laetevirens (Kom). Gontsch.] Shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, afforestation. Genus 211. Rhamnus L. 772. Rhamnus cathartica L. Tree or shrub. Stony and gravelly slopes, river valleys, ravines. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, afforestation, industrial, dye, oil, meliferous. 773. Rhamnus coriacea (Regel) Kom. Figure 244 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, cliffs, ravines. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, afforestation. Figure 244 Rhamnus coriacea (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Family 47. Ulmaceae Genus 212. Ulmus L. 774. *Ulmus glabra Huds. Tree. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys (naturalized), settlements, forest belts, cemeteries (planted). Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation. 775. *Ulmus laevis Pall. Tree. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys (naturalized), settlements, forest belts, cemeteries (planted). Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation. 776. *Ulmus minor Mill Tree. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys (naturalized), settlements, forest belts, cemeteries (planted). Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation. 777. Ulmus pumila L. Tree or shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, ravines, rocks. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation. Genus 213. Celtis L. 778. Celtis australis subsp. caucasica (Willd.) C. C. Towns. [Celtis caucasica Willd.] Tree. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, rocks, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation, medicinal, tanniferous. Family 48. Cannabaceae Genus 214. Cannabis L. 779. *Cannabis sativa L. Annual. Roadsides, fallow lands, wastelands, banks of canals. Plain, Mirzachul (naturalized). Narcotic, industrial, oil, weed. 241 242 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 49. *Moraceae Genus 215. *Morus L. 780. *Morus alba L. Tree. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys (naturalized), settlements, gardens, forest belts, burials (planted). Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, fodder, medicinal, ornamental, industrial, dye, tanniferous. 781. *Morus nigra L. Tree. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys (naturalized), settlements, gardens (planted). Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, medicinal, ornamental, industrial, dye, tanniferous. Family 50. Urticaceae Genus 216. Urtica L. 782. Urtica dioica L. Perennial. River valleys, roadsides, wastelands, gardens, riparian forests, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, food, dye. Genus 217. Parietaria L. 783. Parietaria debilis G. Forst [Parietaria micrantha Ledeb.] Annual. Rocks, ravines, shady wet places. Montane and alpine zones, Nuratau, Malguzar. Alkaloidbearing. 784. Parietaria lusitanica subsp. serbica (Pančić) P. W. Ball [Parietaria serbica Panćić] Annual. Ravines, screes, rocks. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Alkaloid-bearing. Family 51. Juglandaceae Genus 218. Juglans L. 785. Juglans regia L. Tree. River valleys, wet slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, industrial, MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] oil, afforestation, ornamental, medicinal, dye. IUCN NT. Family 52. Betulaceae Genus 219. Betula L. 786. Betula pendula Roth. Figure 245 Tree. River valleys, wet slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation. Figure 245 Betula pendula (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 53. Cucurbitaceae Genus 220. Bryonia L. 787. *Bryonia cretica subsp. dioica (Jacq.) Tutin [Bryonia dioica Jacq.] Figure 246 Perennial. Stony slopes, ravines, shady places. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, 243 244 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN essential oil, ornamental, poisonous. Figure 246 Bryonia cretica subsp. dioica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 788. Bryonia melanocarpa Nabiev Figure 247 Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Medicinal, poisonous. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. Endemic to the South-eastern Kyzylkum. Figure 247 Bryonia melanocarpa (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) Family 54. Datiscaceae Genus 221. Datisca L. 789. Datisca cannabina L. Figure 248 Perennial. Banks of rivers, swamp meadows, pebbles, wet slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, dye, ornamental. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 248 Datisca cannabina (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 55. Celastraceae Genus 222. Parnassia L. 790. Parnassia laxmannii Pall. ex Schult. Perennial. Meadows, stony slopes, rocks, ravines, banks of rivers, swamps. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Family 56. Hypericaceae Genus 223. Hypericum L. 791. Hypericum elongatum Ledeb. ex Rchb. Figure 249 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, 245 246 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN North Turkestan. Medicinal. Figure 249 Hypericum elongatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 792. Hypericum perforatum L. Figure 250 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, dye, essential oil, meliferous. Figure 250 Hypericum perforatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 793. Hypericum scabrum L. Figure 251 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, dye, MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] essential oil, meliferous. Figure 251 Hypericum scabrum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 57. Violaceae Genus 224. Viola L. 794. Viola alaica Vved. Perennial. Screes, wet stony slopes, rocks, shady places. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 795. Viola occulta Lehm. Figure 252 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, meadows, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 252 Viola occulta (photography by Natalya Beshko) 247 248 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 796. Viola suavis M. Bieb. Figure 253 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, stream banks, shady places, gardens. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 253 Viola suavis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 797. Viola turkestanica Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes, shady wet places, meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Family 58. Salicaceae Genus 225. Populus L. 798. Populus afghanica (Aitch. & Hemsl.) C. K. Schneid. Figure 254 Tree. River valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation, tanniferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 254 Populus afghanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 799. Populus alba L. Figure 255 Tree. River valleys, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation, tanniferous, meliferous. Figure 255 Populus alba (photography by Natalya Beshko) 249 250 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 800. Populus euphratica Oliv. Figure 256 Tree. River valleys, banks of lakes and canals, riparian forests. Plain, foothills. Kyzylkum, Mirzachul. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation, tanniferous, meliferous. Figure 256 Populus euphratica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 801. *Populus nigra L. Tree. River valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone (naturalized). Nuratau. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation, tanniferous, medicinal, meliferous. 802. Populus pruinosa Schrenk Figure 257 Tree. River valleys, banks of lakes and canals, riparian forests. Plain. Kyzylkum, Mirzachul. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation, tanniferous, dye. Figure 257 Populus pruinosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 803. Populus talassica Kom. Tree. River valleys, fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Turkestan. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation. Genus 226. Salix L. 804. Salix alba L. Tree. Banks of rivers. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation, tanniferous, medicinal, meliferous. 805. Salix blakii Goerz. Tree or shrub. Banks of rivers. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Kyzylkum. 806. Salix olgae Regel Shrub. Banks of rivers, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 807. Salix pycnostachya Andersson. Tree or Shrub. Banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 808. Salix rosmarinifolia L. Shrub. Wet places, river valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau. 809. Salix songarica Andersson Tree or shrub. River valleys. Plain. Mirzachul. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation, tanniferous, dye, meliferous. 810. Salix wilhelmsiana M. Bieb. Shrub. River valleys. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Industrial, ornamental, afforestation, tanniferous, meliferous. Family 59. Euphorbiaceae Genus 227. Andrachne L. 811. Andrachne fedtschenkoi Kossinsky Semishrub. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone, Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar. 812. Andrachne telephioides L. Semishrub. Stony slopes, fields. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, alkaloid-bearing, dye, fodder. Genus 228. Chrozophora Neck. 813. Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) A. Juss. [Chrozophora hierosolymitana Spreng.; Chrozophora obliqua (Vahl.) A. Juss. ex. Spreng.] Annual. Sandy deserts, wastelands, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, 251 252 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Dye, poisonous. 814. Chrozophora sabulosa Kar. & Kir. [Chrozophora. gracilis Fisch. & C. A. Mey. ex Ledeb.] Annual. Sandy deserts, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Dye, fodder. Genus 229. Euphorbia L. 815. Euphorbia chamaesyce L. [Chamaesyce canescens (L.) Prokh.] Figure 258 Annual. Pebbles, river valleys, dry riverbeds, fine-earth and stony slopes, fields, wastelands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Figure 258 Euphorbia chamaesyce (photography by Natalya Beshko) 816. Euphorbia cheirolepis Fisch. & C. A. Mey. ex Karelin [Cystidospermum cheirolepis (Fisch. & C. A. Mey. ex Ledeb.) Prokh.] Annual. Sandy deserts. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 817. Euphorbia densa Schrenk Annual. Sandy deserts, stony slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 818. Euphorbia esula L. [Euphorbia jaxartica Prokh.; Euphorbia glomerulans (Prokh.) Prokh.] Figure 259 Perennial. River valleys, banks of canals, wet stony slopes, screes, pebbles, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Dye, poisonous. Figure 259 Euphorbia esula (photography by Natalya Beshko) 819. Euphorbia falcata L. Figure 260 Annual. Stony, fine-earth slopes, pebbles, fields. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, weed. Figure 260 Euphorbia falcata (photography by Natalya Beshko) 820. Euphorbia franchetii B. Fedtsch. Annual. Stony slopes, clay deserts, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. 253 254 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 821. Euphorbia granulata Forssk. [Chamaesyce turcomanica (Boiss.) Prokh.] Annual. Gravelly slopes, pebbles, sandy and clay deserts, saline lands. Plains, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. 822. *Euphorbia helioscopia L. Figure 261 Annual. Stony slopes, roadsides, banks of canals, gardens, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Poisonous, dye, weed. Figure 261 Euphorbia helioscopia (photography by Natalya Beshko) 823. Euphorbia humilis C. A. Mey. ex Ledeb. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 824. Euphorbia inderiensis Less. ex Kar. & Kir. Figure 262 Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, sandy soils, saline lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Figure 262 Euphorbia inderiensis (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 825. Euphorbia kanaorica Boiss. [Euphorbia polytimetica (Prokh.) Prokh.] Perennial. Rocks, screes, fine-earth and stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 826. Euphorbia rapulum Kar. & Kir. Figure 263 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Medicinal, poisonous, rubber-bearing. Figure 263 Euphorbia rapulum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 827. Euphorbia rosularis Fed. Perennial. Stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 828. Euphorbia sarawschanica Regel Figure 264 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, poisonous. Figure 264 Euphorbia sarawschanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 829. Euphorbia sororia Schrenk Annual. Clayey hills. Foothills. Malguzar. 830. Euphorbia szowitsii Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes, screes, pebbles. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 255 256 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 831. Euphorbia turczaninowii Kar. & Kir. Figure 265 Annual. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Figure 265 Euphorbia turczaninowii (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 60. Linaceae Genus 230. Linum L. 832. Linum corymbulosum Rchb. Annual. gardens, fallow lands, river valleys, meadows, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 833. Linum macrorhizum Juz. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 834. Linum olgae Juz. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental, oil. 835. *Linum usitatissimum L. [Linum humile Mill.] Annual. Roadsides, gardens, fallow lands, fields. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, medicinal, industrial, oil. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Family 61. Geraniaceae Genus 231. Geranium L. 836. Geranium collinum Stephan ex Willd. [Geranium regelii Nevski] Figure 266 Perennial. Meadows, river valleys, stream banks, wet places near springs, fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, dye, tanniferous, fodder, ornamental. Figure 266 Geranium collinum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 837. Geranium divaricatum Ehrh. Figure 267 Annual. Shady wet places, fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, wastelands, gardens. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Tanniferous, ornamental, weed. 257 258 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 267 Geranium divaricatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 838. Geranium kotschyi subsp. charlesii (Aitch. & Hemsl.) P. H. Davis [Geranium charlesii (Aitch. & Hemsl.) Vved. ex Nevski] Figure 268 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 268 Geranium kotschyi subsp. charlesii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 839. Geranium linearilobum DC. [Geranium transversale (Kar. & Kir.) Vved. ex Pavlov] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 840. *Geranium pusillum L. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, roadsides, gardens, wastelands, fine-earth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 841. Geranium robertianum L. Annual. Ravines, banks of rivers, shady wet places. Montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, ornamental. 842. Geranium rotundifolium L. Figure 269 Annual. Pebbles, fine-earth, gravelly slopes, shady places, gardens. Foothills, montane zone. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, tanniferous. Figure 269 Geranium rotundifolium (photography by Natalya Beshko) 843. Geranium saxatile Kar. & Kir. Figure 270 Perennial. Wet places, stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 270 Geranium saxatile (photography by Natalya Beshko) 259 260 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 232. Erodium L’Her. 844. Erodium ciconium (Jusl.) L’Her. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, clayey hills. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 845. Erodium cicutarium (L.) L’Her. Figure 271 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, gardens, banks of canals, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, fodder, weed, meliferous. Figure 271 Erodium cicutarium (photography by Natalya Beshko) 846. Erodium hoefftianum C. A. Mey. Annual. Clayey and skeleton soils. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Malguzar. 847. Erodium oxyrrhynchum M. Bieb. Annual or biennial. Stony slopes, sandy soils, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Family 62. Lythraceae Genus 233. Lythrum L. 848. Lythrum hyssopifolia L. Annual. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. 849. Lythrum nanum Kar. & Kir. Annual. Saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul. Family 63. Onagraceae Genus 234. Epilobium L. 850. Epilobium angustifolium L. [Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop.] Figure 272 Perennial. Wet fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, places near melting snow and springs. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 272 Epilobium angustifolium (photography by Natalya Beshko) 851. Epilobium hirsutum L. (Epilobium velutinum Nevski) Figure 273 Perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, wet places, swamps, meadows. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, ornamental, fodder, meliferous. 261 262 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 273 Epilobium hirsutum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 852. Epilobium komarovii Ovcz. Perennial. Banks of rivers, swamps, wet places near springs. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 853. Epilobium minutiflorum Hausskn. Figure 274 Perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, pebbles, wet places near springs, swamps, alpine meadows. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Figure 274 Epilobium minutiflorum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 854. Epilobium palustre L. Perennial. Meadows, banks of rivers, swamps. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal, fodder, meliferous. 855. Epilobium roseum subsp. subsessile (Boiss.) P. H. Raven [Epilobium nervosum Boiss.] Perennial. Wet slopes, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 856. Epilobium tetragonum L. Perennial. Wet meadows, banks of rivers and canals, wet screes, swamps, saline lands, gardens, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Medicinal, fodder, meliferous. 857. Epilobium tianschanicum Pavlov Perennial. Banks of rivers, wet places near springs, swamps, wet rocks and screes, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 858. Epilobium turkestanicum Pazij & Vved. Perennial. Wet stony slopes and rocks, wet places near melting snow, swamps, alpine meadows, pebbles, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Family 64. Biebersteiniaceae Genus 235. Biebersteinia Steph. 859. Biebersteinia multifida DC. Figure 275 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. Figure 275 Biebersteinia multifida (photography by Natalya Beshko) 263 264 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 65. Nitrariaceae Genus 236. Peganum L. 860. Peganum harmala L. Figure 276 Perennial. Saline lands, sandy and clay deserts, roadsides, surroundings of settlements, wells and sheepyards, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, weed, poisonous. Figure 276 Peganum harmala (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Family 66. Anacaridaceae Genus 237. Pistacia L. 861. Pistacia vera L. Figure 277 Tree or shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, medicinal, ornamental, industrial, oil, dye, afforestation. Figure 277 Pistacia vera (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 67. Sapindaceae Genus 238. Acer L. 862. Acer pubescens Franch Figure 278 Tree. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North 265 266 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Turkestan. Ornamental, industrial, afforestation. Figure 278 Acer pubescens (photography by Natalya Beshko) 863. Acer semenovii Regel & Herder Figure 279 Tree. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, industrial, afforestation. Figure 279 Acer semenovii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 864. Acer turkestanicum Pax Tree. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, industrial, afforestation. Family 68. Rutaceae Genus 239. Haplophyllum Juss. 865. Haplophyllum acutifolium (DC.) G. Don. [Haplophyllum perforatum (M. Bieb.) Vved.] Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, rocks, fields, fallow MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, dye. 866. Haplophyllum bungei Trautv. Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Medicinal, dye. 867. Haplophyllum lasianthum Bunge [Haplophyllum versicolor Fisch. & C. A. Mey.] Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, weed. 868. Haplophyllum latifolium Kar. & Kir. Figure 280 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal. Figure 280 Haplophyllum latifolium (photography by Natalya Beshko) 869. Haplophyllum pedicellatum Bunge ex Boiss. Figure 281 Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, fallow lands, fine-earth slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, poisonous. 267 268 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 281 Haplophyllum pedicellatum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 870. Haplophyllum ramosissimum (Paulsen) Vved. Semishrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. 871. Haplophyllum robustum Bunge Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal. Genus 240. Dictamnus L. 872. Dictamnus angustifolius G. Don. f. & Sweet Figure 282 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, stream banks, screes, meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Poisonous, medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 282 Dictamnus angustifolius (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 69. *Simaroubaceae Genus 241. *Ailanthus Desf. 873. *Ailantus altissima (Mill.) Swingle Tree. Introduced alien species. Settlements, forest belts (planted), river valleys, fine-earth slopes 269 270 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN (naturalized). Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Ornamental, industrial, afforestation. Family 70. Malvaceae Genus 242. Malva L. 874.*Malva neglecta Wallr Perennial. Fine-earth and skeleton soils, pebbles, wastelands, dry riverbeds. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, food, fodder, meliferous, weed. Genus 243. Alcea L. 875. Alcea litvinovii (Iljin) Iljin Figure 283 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 283 Alcea litvinovii (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 876. Alcea nudiflora (Lindl.) Boiss. Figure 284 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, fallow lands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 284 Alcea nudiflora (photography by Natalya Beshko) 877. Alcea rhyticarpa (Trautv.) Iljin Perennial. Sandy and clayey soils, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. Genus 244. Althaea L. 878. Althaea armeniaca Ten. Perennial. River valleys, banks of canals, fields. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Mirzachul. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. 879. Althaea officinalis L. Perennial. River valleys, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. Genus 245. *Abutilon Mill. 880. *Abutilon therophrasti Medik Annual. River valleys, fallow lands, banks of canals, roadsides, fields, gardens. Plain, foothills, 271 272 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, oil, fiber, weed. Genus 246. *Hibiscus L. 881. *Hibiscus trionum L. Annual. Banks of canals, fallow lands, fields. Plain. Mirzachul. Medicinal, oil, fiber, weed, meliferous. Family 71. Thymelaceae Genus 247. Thymelaea Mill. 882. Thymelaea passerina (L.) Coss. & Germ. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, banks of rivers and canals, fields, fallow lands, wastelands. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed, poisonous. Genus 248. Diarthron Turcz. 883. Diarthron arenaria (Pobed.) Kit Tan [Dendrostellera arenaria Pobed.] Shrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, industrial, afforestation. 884. Diarthron vesiculosum (Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) C. A. Mey. Annual. Stony slopes, fallow lands, fields, piedmont plains, sandy and clay deserts. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, poisonous. Family 72. Cistaceae Genus 249. Helianthemum Adans. 885. Helianthemum songaricum Schrenk ex Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Semishrub. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles, banks of rivers. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Dye, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Family 73. *Resedaceae Genus 250. *Reseda L. 886. *Reseda lutea L. Biennial or perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, dry riverbeds, banks of rivers, roadsides, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Dye, oil, weed. 887. *Reseda luteola L. Biennial. Fine-earth slopes, fields, roadsides, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Dye, oil, fodder, weed. Family 74. Capparaceae Genus 251. Capparis L. 888. Capparis spinosa L. Perennial. Sandy, clayey, gravelly soils, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fallow lands, screes, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, food, dye, fodder, ornamental, meliferous, weed. Family 75. Cleomaceae Genus 252. Cleome L. 889. Cleome fimbriata Vicary Annual. Gypsiferous grey soils, limestones, pebbles, dry riverbeds, fallow lands. Foothills. Nuratau, Aktau. 273 274 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 76. Brassicaceae [Cruciferae] Genus 253. Alliaria Scop. 890. Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara & Grande Biennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, ravines, river valleys, shady wet places, gardens. Montane and alpine zones, Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food. Genus 254. Sisymbrium L. 891. *Sisymbrium altissimum L. Annual or biennial. Saline lands, wastelands, fallow lands, wastelands, stony slopes, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Food, oil, weed. 892. Sisymbrium brassiciforme C. A. Mey. Biennial. Stony and gravelly slopes, rocks, screes, dry riverbeds, moraines. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 893. Sisymbrium loeselii L. Annual. Fine-earth slopes, pebbles, meadows, river valleys, settlements, gardens, fields, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Food, fodder, oil, weed, meliferous. Genus 255. Neotorularia Hedge & J. Leonard 894. Neotorularia torulosa (Desf.) Hedge & J. Leonard [Torularia torulosa (Desf.) O. E. Schulz.] Annual. Roadsides, fields, fallow lands, wastelands, saline lands, sandy deserts. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Genus 256. Schrenkiella D. A. German & Al-Shehbaz 895. Schrenkiella parvula (Schrenk) D.A. German & Al-Shehbaz [Arabidopsis parvula (Schrenk) O. E. Schulz.] Annual. Clayey soils, saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul, North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 257. Olimarabidopsis Al-Shehbaz, O’Kane & Price 896. Olimarabidopsis pumila (Stephan) Al-Shehbaz, O’Kane & R. A. Price [Arabidopsis pumila (Steph.) N. Busch] Annual. Clayey soils, hills, limestones, saline lands, banks of canals, gardens, stony slopes, ravines. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 897. Olimarabidopsis umbrosa (Botsch. & Vved.) Al-Shehbaz, O’Kane & R. A. Price [Trichochiton umbrosum (Kom.) Botsch. & Vved.] Annual. Shady wet places, stream banks, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Genus 258. Arabidopsis Heynh. 898. Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Annual or biennial. Pebbles, banks of rivers, shady places, rocks. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, weed. Genus 259. Descurainia Webb & Berth. 899. Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb. & Prantl Annual. Wastelands, settlements, banks of canals, ravines, fields, fallow lands, gardens, saline lands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. Genus 260. Smelowskia C. A. Mey. ex Ledeb. 900. Smelowskia sisymbrioides (Regel & Herder) Lipsky ex Paulsen [Sophiopsis sisymbrioides (Regel & Herder) O. E. Schulz] Biennial. Stony and gravelly slopes, rocks, ravines. Montane zone, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 261. Erysimum L. 901. Erysimum cyaneum Popov Biennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar. Poisonous. 902. Erysimum marschallianum Andrz. ex DC. Biennial. Gardens, fallow lands, fine-earth slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Poisonous. 275 276 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 903. Erysimum violascens Popov [Erysimum nuratense Popovex Botsch. & Vved.] Biennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, poisonous. Genus 262. Barbarea Beck. 904. Barbarea brachycarpa subsp. minor (K. Koch) Parolly & Eren [Barbarea minor C. Koch] Perennial. Wet stony slopes, meadows, banks of rivers. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 905. Barbarea vulgaris R. Br. Biennial. Wet places, banks of rivers and canals, pebbles, meadows, fields, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, food, fodder, dye, meliferous, weed. Genus 263. Rorippa Scop. 906. Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser Annual or biennial. Swamp meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul. Food, weed. Genus 264. Nasturtium R. Br. 907. Nasturtium officinale W. T. Aiton [Nasturtium fontanum (Lam.) Aschers.] Perennial. Swamps, banks of rivers and canals. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, food, fodder, meliferous. Genus 265. Turristis L. 908. Turristis glabra L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, fields, roadsides, settlements. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. Genus 266. Scapiarabis M. A. Koch, R. Karl, D. A. German & Al-Shehbaz 909. Scapiarabis saxicola (Edgew) M. A. Koch, R. Karl, D. A. German & Al. Shehbaz [Arabis kokanica Regel & Schmalh.] Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 267. Arabis L. 910. Arabis auriculata Lam Annual or biennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Fodder. 911. Arabis montbretiana Boiss. Annual, biennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar. Fodder. Genus 268. Isatis L. 912. Isatis brevipes (Bunge) Jafri [Pachypterygium brevipes Bunge] Annual. Stony slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 913. Isatis emarginata Kar. & Kir. [Isatis violascens Bunge] Annual. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. 914. Isatis minima Bunge Annual. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. 915. Isatis multicaulis (Kar. & Kir.) Jafri [Pachypterygium densiflorum Bunge] Annual. Stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 916. *Isatis tinctoria L. Biennial. River valleys, pebbles, fallow lands, fields, surroundings of settlements (escaped from culture). Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, dye, meliferous. Genus 269. Tauscheria Fisch. 917. Tauscheria lasiocarpa Fisch. & DC. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth slopes, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. Genus 270. Goldbachia DC. 918. Goldbachia laevigata (M. Bieb.) DC. Annual. Sandy deserts, saline lands, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, oil. 919. Goldbachia sabulosa (Kar. & Kir.) D. A. German & Al-Shehbaz [Spirorrhynchus sabulosus Kar. & Kir.] Annual. Sandy desrts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. 277 278 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 920. Goldbachia torulosa DC. Annual. Wastelands, fallow lands, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, oil, weed. 921. Goldbachia verrucosa Kom. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Fodder, oil, weed. Genus 271. Hesperis L. 922. Hesperis sibirica L. Figure 285 Biennial or perennial. Shady wet places, banks of rivers, subalpine and alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, essential oil, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 285 Hesperis sibirica (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 272. Parrya R. Br. 923. Parrya fruticulosa Regel & Schmalh. [Neuroloma fruticulosum (Regel & Schmalh.) Botsch.] Semishrub. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar. 924. Parrya hispida (Regel) D. A. German & Al. Shehbaz [Pseudoclausia hispida (Regel) Popov ex A.V. Vassil.] Biennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 925. Parrya khorasanica (Rech. f. & Aellen) D. A. German & Al. Shehbaz [Pseudoclausia turkestanica (Lipsky) A.V. Vassil.] Figure 286 Biennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, shady places, screes, pebbles, banks of rivers, subalpine meadows. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 286 Parrya khorasanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 926. Parrya nuratensis Botsch. & Vved. [Neuroloma nuratense (Botsch. & Vved.) Botsch.] Figure 287 Semishrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau. Endemic to the Nuratau Mountains. 279 280 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 287 Parrya nuratensis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 927. Parrya olgae (Regel & Schmalh.) D. A. German & Al. Shehbaz [Pseudoclausia olgae (Regel & Schmalh.) Botsch.] Figure 288 Biennial. Rocks, Fine-earth and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. UzbRDB 2. Figure 288 Parrya olgae (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 928. Parrya sarawschanica (Regel & Schmalh.) D. A. German & Al-Shehbaz [Pseudoclausia sarawschanica (Regel & Schmalh.) Botsch.] Biennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. UzbRDB 2. Genus 273. Leiospora (C. A. Mey.) Dvorak. 929. Leiospora subscapigera Botsch & Pachom. Perennial. Moraines, screes, gravelly slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Genus 274. Strigosella Boiss. 930. *Strigosella africana (L.) Botsch. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, ravines, fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, wastelands, fields, fallow lands, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Poisonous, weed. 931. Strigosella brevipes (Bunge) Botsch. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, fallow lands. Plain. Kyzylkum. 932. Strigosella grandiflora (Bunge) Botsch. Annual. Sandy soils, fine-earth and stony slopes, fields. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Kyzylkum. 933. Strigosella intermedia (C. A. Mey.) Botsch. Annual. Banks of canals, gravelly slopes, fallow lands, saline lands, sandy and clay deserts. Foothills. Nuratau, Mirzachul, Kyzykum. 934. Strigosella scorpioides (Bunge) Botsch. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, dry riverbeds, saline lands, pebbles, fine-earth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 935. Strigosella stenopetala (Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) Botsch. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, fields, banks of canals. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 936. Strigosella trichocarpa (Boiss. & Buhse) Botsch. Annual. Pebbles, Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, ravines, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 937. Strigosella turkestanica (Litv.) Botsch. Figure 289 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, pebbles, fields, fallow lands, dry riverbeds. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 281 282 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 289 Strigosella turkestanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 275. Cryptospora Kar. & Kir. 938. Cryptospora falcata Kar. & Kir. [Cryptospora omissa Botsch.] Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, roadsides, fine-earth and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 939. Cryptospora inconspicua (Kom.) O. E. Schulz [Trichochiton inconspicuum Kom.] Annual. Shady wet places, rocks, screes, pebbles, wet fine-earth and stony slopes, subalpine meadows, stream banks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 276. Matthiola R. Br. 940. Matthiola chorassanica Bunge ex Boiss. [Matthiola integrifolia Kom.] Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, North Turkestan. 941. Matthiola obovata Bunge Perennial. Stony and gravelly slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 277. Tetracme Bunge 942. Tetracme quadricornis (Steph. ex Willd.) Bunge Annual. Sandy deserts, saline lands, banks of lakes and canals, fallow lands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 943. Tetracme recurvata Bunge Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, dry riverbeds, banks of lakes and canals, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Genus 278. Leptaleum DC. 944. Leptaleum filifolium (Willd.) DC. Annual. Saline lands, Sandy and clay deserts, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, stony slopes, rocks, settlements, roadsides, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Genus 279. Streptoloma Bunge 945. Streptoloma desertorum Bunge Annual. Sandy deserts, saline lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Kyzylkum. Genus 280. Diptychocarpus Trautv. 946. Diptychocarpus strictus (Fisch. ex M. Bieb.) Trautv. Annual. Gravelly, Fine-earth slopes, rocks, dry riverbeds, banks of rivers and canals, sandy deserts, fallow lands, saline lands, fields, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Genus 281. Chorispora R. Br. 947. Chorispora bungeana Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Perennial. Pebbles, screes, stony and gravelly slopes, rocks, moraines, alpine meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 948. Chorispora macropoda Trautv. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, banks of rivers, pebbles, wet places, screes, rocks, moraines, subalpine and alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 283 284 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 949. Chorispora sabulosa Cambess. [Chorispora elegans Cambess.] Perennial. Alpine meadows, gravelly and stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 950. Chorispora tenella (Pall.) DC. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, banks of rivers, moraines, fields, fallow lands, dry riverbeds, pebbles, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Genus 282. *Euclidium R. Br. 951. *Euclidium syriacum (L.) R. Br. Annual. Saline lands, sandy and clay deserts, ravines, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fine-earth and stony slopes, shady places, roadsides, fallow lands, fields, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Genus 283. Litwinowia Woron. 952. Litwinowia tenuissima (Pall.) Woronow ex Pavlov Annual. Saline lands, sandy and clay deserts, pebbles, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, meadows, settlements, roadsides, banks of canals, gardens, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. Genus 284. Octoceras Bunge 953. Octoceras lehmannianum Bunge Annual. Sandy desert, saline lands, wastelands. Plain. Kyzylkum. Genus 285. Cithareloma Bunge 954. Cithareloma lehmannii Bunge Annual. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. Genus 286. Lachnoloma Bunge 955. Lachnoloma lehmanii Bunge Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 287. Alyssum L. 956. Alyssum alyssoides (L.) L. [Alyssum campestre L.] Figure 290 Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, piedmont plains, sandy and clay deserts, roadsides, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Figure 290 Alyssum alyssoides (photography by Natalya Beshko) 957. Alyssum dasycarpum Stephan ex Willd. Figure 291 Annual. Sandy, clayey and skeleton soils. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, North Turkestan, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Figure 291 Alyssum dasycarpum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 285 286 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 958. Alyssum desertorum Stapf. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, banks of rivers, fine-earth and stony slopes, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 959. Alyssum linifolium Stephan ex Willd. [Meniocus linifolius (Stephan ex Willd.) DC.] Annual. Pebbles, gravelly and stony slopes, sandy and clay deserts, dry riverbeds. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 960. Alyssum szovitsianum Fisch. & C. A. Mey. [Alyssum marginatum Steud.] Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Genus 288. Clypeola L. 961. Clypeola jonthlaspi L. Annual. Pebbles, stony slopes, rocks. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 289. Asperuginoides Rauschert 962. Asperuginoides axillaris [Boiss. & Hohen.] Rauschert [Buchingera axillaris Boiss.] Annual. Stony and gravelly slopes, shady wet places. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 290. Draba L. 963. Draba lanceolata Royle Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, rocks, subalpine meadows, moraines, wet places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 964. Draba melanopus Kom Biennial or perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, rocks, alpine meadows, wet places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 965. Draba nemorosa L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, banks of rivers, subalpine meadows, fallow lands, wet places. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. 966. Draba nuda (Bel.) Al. Shehbaz & M. Koch [Drabopsis nuda (Bel.) Stapf] Annual. Stony and fine-earth soils, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 967. Draba stenocarpa Hook. f. & Thomson Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, subalpine and alpine meadows, stream banks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 291. Erophila DC. 968. Erophila minima C. A. Mey. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, fallow lands, fields. Foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 969. Erophila verna (L.) DC. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, sandy and clay deserts, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Genus 292. Brassica L. 970. *Brassica rapa L. [Brassica campestris L.] Annual. Fields, fallow lands, wastelands, gardens, banks of rivers and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Oil, fodder, weed, meliferous. 971. Brassica elongata Ehrh. Perennial. Fallow lands, fields, roadsides, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Oil, weed. Genus 293. *Sinapis L. 972. *Sinapis alba L. Annual. Roadsides, fields, gardens, settlements. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, medicinal, fodder, oil, weed, meliferous. 973. *Sinapis arvensis L. Annual. Roadsides, wastelands, fields, gardens, settlements. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Food, oil, weed, meliferous. Genus 294. *Eruca Hill 974. *Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. [Eruca sativa Mill.] Annual. Fields, fallow lands, roadsides, sandy deserts, saline lands, stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Oil, food, medicinal, weed. 287 288 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 295. Crambe L. 975. Crambe cordifolia subsp. kotschyana (Boiss.) Jafri [Crambe kotschyana Boiss.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, food, meliferous. Genus 296. Conringia Heist. ex Fabr. 976. Conringia clavata Boiss. Figure 292 Annual. Stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. Figure 292 Conringia clavata (photography by Natalya Beshko) 977. Conringia orientalis (L.) Dumort. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, roadsides, stony sopes, rocks. Plain, foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. 978. Conringia persica Boiss. Annual. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 979. Conringia planisiliqua Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. Fine-earth slopes, river valleys, dry riverbeds, roadsides. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 297. Chalcanthus Boiss. 980. Chalcanthus renifolius [Boiss. & Hohen.] Boiss. Figure 293 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 293 Chalcanthus renifolius (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 298. Lepidium L. 981. Lepidium botschantsevianum Al-Shehbaz [Stroganowia angustifolia Botsch. & Vved.] Figure 294 Perennial. Stony slopes, ravines, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Figure 294 Lepidium botschantsevianum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 289 290 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 982. Lepidium draba subsp. chalepense L. (P. Fourn.) [Cardaria repens (Schrenk) Jarm.] Perennial. Wet places, fallow lands, fields, wastelands, roadsides, river valleys, banks of lakes and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous, weed. 983. Lepidium ferganense Korsh. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, banks of rivers. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains. 984. Lepidium lacerum C. A. Mey. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, banks of rivers. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. 985. Lepidium latifolium L. Perennial. Saline lands, swamps, meadows, banks of rivers and canals, pebbles, stony slopes, fields, settlements. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, meliferous, insecticide, weed. 986. Lepidium lipskyi (N. Busch) Al-Shehbaz & Mummenhoff [Stubendorffia lipskyi N. Busch] Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. 987. Lepidium olgae (R. Vinogradova) Al-Shehbaz & Mummenhoff [Stubendorffia olgae R. Vinogradova] Figure 295 Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. Endemic to the Nuratau ridge. Figure 295 Lepidium olgae (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 988. Lepidium orientale (Schrenk) Al-Shehbaz & Mummenhoff [Stubendorffia orientalis Schrenk] Figure 296 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, river valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau. Meliferous. Figure 296 Lepidium orientale (photography by Natalya Beshko) 989. Lepidium perfoliatum L. Annual or biennial. River valleys, saline lands, fields, roadsides, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, poisonous, weed. Genus 299. Megacarpaea DC. 990. Megacarpaea gigantea Regel Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, meliferous. 991. Megacarpaea orbiculata B. Fedtsch. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, ravines, banks of rivers, subalpine meadows. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, meliferous. Genus 300. Hornungia Rchb. 992. Hornungia procumbens (L.) Hayek [Hymenolobus procumbens (L.) Nutt.] Annual. Saline lands, banks of rivers and canals, gardens, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. 291 292 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 301. Iberidella Boiss. 993. Iberidella trinervia (DC.) Boiss. Figure 297 Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 297 Iberidella trinervia (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 302. Didymophysa Boiss. 994. Didymophysa fedtschenkoana Regel Perennial. Screes, pebbles, moraines, stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Genus 303. Thlaspi L. 995. *Thlaspi arvense L. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, banks of rivers, wet places, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, dry riverbeds, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, oil, weed. 996. Thlaspi perfoliatum L. [Microthlaspi perfoliatum (L.) F. K. Mey.] Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles, rocks, saline lands, settlements, fields. Plain, foothills, MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Genus 304. Neurotropis (DC.) F. K. Mey. 997. Neurotropis platycarpa (Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) F. K. Mey. [Thlaspi kotschyanum Boiss. & Hohen.] Annual. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 305. Aethionema W. T. Aiton 998. Aethionema carneum (Banks & Soland.) B. Fedtsch. [Campyloptera carnea (Banks & Soland.) Botsch. & Vved.] Figure 298 Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, pebbles, river valleys, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 298 Aethionema carneum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 293 294 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 306. Camelina Crantz. 999. Camelina microcarpa Andrz. ex DC. [Camelina sylvestris Wallr.] Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fields, fallow lands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Oil, weed. 1000. Camelina rumelica Velen Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, ravines, banks of rivers, wastelands, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul. Oil, weed. Genus 307. Neslia Desv. 1001. Neslia paniculata subsp. thracica (Velen.) Bornm. [Neslia apiculata Fisch. & C. A. Mey.] Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, ravines, pebbles, saline lands, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Dye, weed. Genus 308. *Capsella Medik. 1002. *Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Annual. Wastelands, fields, gardens, roadsides, fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles, banks of rivers. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal. Family 77. Santalaceae Genus 309. Arceuthobium M. Bieb. 1003. Arceuthobium oxycedri (DC.) M. Bieb. Shrub. Parasite of juniper. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. Family 78. Frankeniaceae Genus 310. Frankenia L. 1004. Frankenia bucharica Basil. Semishrub. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fallow lands. Plain. Mirzachul. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1005. Frankenia bucharica subsp. vvedenskyi (Botsch.) Chrtek. [Frankenia vvedenskyi Botsch.] Semishrub. Saline lands, banks of salt lakes. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1006. Frankenia hirsuta L. Semishrub. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Kyzylkum. 1007. Frankenia pulverulenta L. Annual. Saline lands, fallow lands, sandy deserts. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Family 79. Tamaricaceae Genus 311. Reaumuria L. 1008. Reaumuria alternifolia (Labill.) Britten [Reaumuria reflexa Lipsky; Reaumuria sogdiana Kom.; Reaumuria turkestanica Gorschk.] Semishrub. Saline and gypsiferous soils, sandy desert. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1009. Reaumuria fruticosa Boiss. Shrub. Saline lands, sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Genus 312. Tamarix L. 1010. Tamarix androssowii var. transcaucassica (Bunge) Qaiser [Tamarix litvinowii Gorschk.] Shrub. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, saline lands, dry riverbeds. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous, ornamental, afforestation, tanniferous. 1011. Tamarix arceuthoides Bunge Figure 299 Shrub. River valleys, pebbles. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Meliferous, ornamental, afforestation. Figure 299 Tamarix arceuthoides (photography by Natalya Beshko) 295 296 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1012. Tamarix elongata Ledeb. Shrub. Saline lands, depressions, sandy deserts, dry riverbeds. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous, ornamental, afforestation, dye. 1013. Tamarix hispida Willd. Figure 300 Shrub. Saline lands, depressions, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous, ornamental, afforestation, dye. Figure 300 Tamarix hispida (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1014. Tamarix laxa Willd. Figure 301 Shrub. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous, ornamental, afforestation. Figure 301 Tamarix laxa (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1015. Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. Shrub. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, saline lands, sandy and clay deserts, fallow lands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous, ornamental, afforestation, dye. 1016. Tamarix smyrnensis Bunge [Tamarix hohenackeri Bunge] Shrub. Banks of rivers. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous, ornamental, afforestation. Genus 313. Myricaria Desv. 1017. Myricaria germanica (L.) Desv. [Myricaria bracteata Royle] Shrub. Banks of rivers, ravines, pebbles. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Dye, tanniferous, ornamental. Family 80. Plumbaginaceae Genus 314. Acantholimon Boiss. 1018. Acantholimon erythraeum Bunge Figure 302 Semishrub. Stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 302 Acantholimon erythraeum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 297 298 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1019. Acantholimon nuratavicum Zakirov ex Lincz. Figure 303 Semishrub. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. UzbRDB 2. Endemic to the Nuratau ridge. Figure 303 Acantholimon nuratavicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1020. Acantholimon subavenaceum Lincz. Figure 304 Semishrub. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Figure 304 Acantholimon subavenaceum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1021. Acantholimon tataricum Boiss. ex DC. Figure 305 Semishrub. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Endemic to the Nuratau ridge. Figure 305 Acantholimon tataricum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1022. Acantolimon zakirovii Beshko Semishrub. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Endemic to the Nuratau ridge. 299 300 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 315. Chaetolimon (Bunge) Lincz. 1023. Chaetolimon setiferum (Bunge) Lincz. Figure 306 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, piedmont plains. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 306 Chaetolimon setiferum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 316. Limonium Mill. 1024. Limonium otolepis (Schrenk) Kuntze Figure 307 Perennial. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Tanniferous, dye, meliferous, ornamental. Figure 307 Limonium otolepis（photography by Natalya Beshko) 301 302 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1025. Limonium reniforme (Girard) Lincz. Perennial. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul. Tanniferous, weed. 1026. Limonium suffruticosum (L.) Kuntze Figure 308 Semishrub. Saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul. Tanniferous, dye, meliferous, fodder. Figure 308 Limonium suffruticosum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 317. Eremolimon Lincz. 1027. Eremolimon sogdianum (Popov) Lincz. Perennial. Saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul. Dye. Genus 318. Psylliostachys (Jaub. & Spach) Nevski 1028. Psylliostachys leptostachya (Boiss.) Roshkova Annual. Saline lands, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills. North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Dye. 1029. Psylliostachys × myosuroides (Regel) Roshkova Annual. Saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul. Meliferous, ornamental. 1030. Psylliostachys suworowii (Regel) Roshkova Annual. Saline lands, river valleys, banks of canals, fallow lands, fields. Plain. Mirzachul. Meliferous, ornamental. Family 81. Polygonaceae Genus 319. Oxyria Hill 1031. Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill Figure 309 Perennial. Banks of rivers, pebbles, wet stony slopes and screes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Dye, food. Figure 309 Oxyria digyna (photography by Natalya Beshko) 303 304 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 320. Rumex L. 1032. Rumex acetosa L. Perennial. Banks of rivers, wet places, gardens, meadows. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Mirzachul. Medicinal, food, fodder, dye. 1033. Rumex chalepensis Mill. [Rumex drobovii Korovin] Perennial. Meadows, wet places, roadsides, banks of rivers and canals, fine-earth and stony slopes, gardens, fields, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Tanniferous, weed. 1034. *Rumex conglomeratus Murray Perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, wet places, swamps, roadsides, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, tanniferous, weed. 1035. *Rumex crispus L. Perennial. Meadows, fine-earth and stony slopes, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, tanniferous, weed, food. 1036. Rumex dentatus subsp. halacsyi (Rech.) Rech. f. [Rumex halacsyi Rech.] Annual or biennial. River valleys, wet places, saline lands, banks of canals, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Malguzar, Mirzachul. Weed. 1037. Rumex marschallianus Rchb. Annual. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul. 1038. Rumex pamiricus Rech. f. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, wet places, banks of rivers and canals, ravines, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Tanniferous, weed. 1039. Rumex paulsenianus Rech. f. Perennial. Banks of rivers, ravines, fine-earth and stony slopes, fallow lands. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Tanniferous, weed. 1040. Rumex rectinervis Rech. f. Perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, swamps. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, tanniferous. 1041. *Rumex syriacus Meissn Perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, wet places, pebbles, fallow lands, fields, gardens. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul. Tanniferous, dye, weed. 1042. Rumex tianschanicus Losinsk. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, meadows, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, tanniferous, fodder, weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 321. Rheum L. 1043. Rheum сordatum Losinsk. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Food, medicinal, tanniferous, dye. 1044. Rheum macrocarpum Losinsk. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, tanniferous, dye. 1045. Rheum maximowiczii Losinsk. Figure 310 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, medicinal, tanniferous, dye. Figure 310 Rheum maximowiczii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 305 306 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1046. Rheum turkestanicum Janisch. Figure 311 Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Food, medicinal, tanniferous, dye, fodder. Figure 311 Rheum turkestanicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 322. Atraphaxis L. 1047. Atraphaxis compacta Ledeb. Shrub. Stony slopes. Foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains. Tanniferous, ornamental, meliferous. 1048. Atraphaxis karataviensis Lipsch. & Pavlov. Shrub. Stony slopes, dry riverbeds. Montane zone. Nuratau. Tanniferous, ornamental, meliferous. 1049. Atraphaxis pyrifolia Bunge Figure 312 Shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, ravines. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Tanniferous, dye, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 312 Atraphaxis pyrifolia (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1050. Atraphaxis seravschanica Pavlov Shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, ravines. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Tanniferous, ornamental, meliferous. 1051. Atraphaxis spinosa L. Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Tanniferous, dye, ornamental, fodder, meliferous. 1052. Atraphaxis virgata (Regel) Krasn. Figure 313 Shrub. Stony slopes, pebbles, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Tanniferous, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 313 Atraphaxis virgata (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 323. Calligonum L. 1053. Calligonum aphyllum (Pall.) Gürke Shrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, tanniferous, dye, afforestation, meliferous. 1054. Calligonum caput-medusae Schrenk Figure 314 Shrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, tanniferous, dye, afforestation, meliferous. 307 308 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 314 Calligonum caput-medusae (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1055. Calligonum leucocladum (Schrenk) Bunge Figure 315 Shrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, tanniferous, dye, afforestation, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 315 Calligonum leucocladum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1056. Calligonum macrocarpum I. G. Borshch. Figure 316 Shrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, afforestation, meliferous. Figure 316 Calligonum macrocarpum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 309 310 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1057. Calligonum microcarpum I. G. Borshch. Figure 317 Shrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, afforestation, meliferous. Figure 317 Calligonum microcarpum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 324. Polygonum L. 1058. Polygonum acetosum M. Bieb. Annual. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. 1059. Polygonum argyrocoleon Steud. ex Kunze Annual. Sandy soils, saline lands, wet places, roadsides, fields. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, tanniferous, weed. 1060. Polygonum aviculare L. Annual. Wastelands, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, dye, food, fodder, weed. 1061. Polygonum biaristatum Aitch. & Hemsl Semishrub. Stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 1062. Polygonum coriarium Grig. [Aconogonon coriarum (Grig.) Sojăk] Figure 318 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, subalpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal, tanniferous, dye, food, meliferous. Figure 318 Polygonum coriarium (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1063. Polygonum fibrilliferum Kom. Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, 311 312 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN weed. 1064. Polygonum hissaricum Popov [Aconogonon hissaricum (Popov) Sojăk] Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Medicinal, tanniferous, food, meliferous. 1065. Polygonum inflexum Kom. Annual. Banks of rivers and canals, fine-earth slopes, saline lands, fallow lands, roadsides, fields. Plain, foothills. Mirzachul. 1066. Polygonum molliiforme Boiss. Annual. Stony slopes, pebbles, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1067. Polygonum paronychioides C. A. Mey. Semishrub. Stony slopes, screes, rocks, pebbles. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Tanniferous. 1068. Polygonum patulum M. Bieb. Annual. Stony slopes, screes, saline lands, roadsides, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. 1069. Polygonum polychnemoides Jaub. & Spach. Annual. Stony slopes, screes, pebbles, roadsides, fields. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1070. Polygonum pulvinatum Kom. Semishrub. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. 1071. Polygonum rottboellioides Jaub. & Spach. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains. 1072. Polygonum subaphyllum Sumnev. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles, fallow lands, banks of canals, fields. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. 1073. Polygonum vvedenskyi Sumnev. Figure 319 Semishrub. Stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 319 Polygonum vvedenskyi (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 325. Persicaria Hill 1074. Persicaria amphibia (L.) Delarbre [Polygonum amphibium L] Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes, ponds and canals. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, tanniferous. 1075. Persicaria bistorta (L.) Samp. [Bistortia elliptica (Willd. ex Spreng.) Kom.; Polygonum nitens (Fish. & C. A. Mey.) V. Petr. ex Kom.] Figure 320 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, banks of rivers, swamps, subalpine and alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, tanniferous, dye, meliferous. Figure 320 Persicaria bistorta (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1076. Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delarbre Annual. Banks of rivers, ponds and canals, swamps. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, dye. 313 314 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1077. Persicaria lapathifolia (L.) Delarbre Annual. Banks of rivers, ponds and canals, wet places, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Medicinal, tanniferous, food, fodder, meliferous. 1078. Persicaria maculata (Raf.) Gray. Annual. Banks of rivers and canals, wet places, fields, wasteands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, essential oil, dye, weed, meliferous. 1079. Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz. Annual. Banks of rivers and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, weed. Genus 326. Fallopia Adans. 1080. Fallopia convolvulus (L.) A. Löve Annual. Woodlands, banks of rivers, fields, gardens, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, tanniferous, food, meliferous, weed. Family 82. Caryophyllaceae Genus 327. Stellaria L. 1081. Stellaria alsinoides Boiss. & Buhse [Tytthostemma alsinoides (Boiss. & Buhse) Nevski] Annual. Stony slopes, pebbles. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. 1082. Stellaria brachypetala Bunge Perennial. Wet places, banks of rivers, pebbles, meadows, fields, fine-earth slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Poisonous. 1083. *Stellaria media (L.) Vill. Annual. Roadsides, banks of rivers and canals, shady wet places, settlements, gardens, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Weed, medicinal, dye, saponin-bearing. 1084. Stellaria neglecta Weihe Annual. River valleys, gardens, fields, wastelands, roadsides, swamps, shady wet places. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. 1085. Stellaria pallida (Dumort.) Crep. Annual. Shady wet places, gardens, fields, fallow lands. Nuratau. 1086. Stellaria turkestanica Schischk. Perennial. Screes, fine-earth and stony slopes. Alpine zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 328. Mesostemma Vved. 1087. Mesostemma karatavica (Schischk.) Vved. [Stellaria karatavica Schischk.] Figure 321 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Figure 321 Mesostemma karatavica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 315 316 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 329. Cerastium L. 1088. Cerastium arvense L. Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, meadows. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Medicinal, saponin-bearing, fodder. 1089. Cerastium cerastoides (L.) Britton. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, alpine meadows, places near melting snow. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Fodder, saponin-bearing. 1090. Cerastium dichotomum L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1091. Cerastium dichotomum subsp. inflatum Cullen [Cerastium inflatum Link. ex Desf.] Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1092. Cerastium falcatum (Gren.) Bunge ex Fenzl [Cerastium bungeanum Vved.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, saline lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1093. Cerastium fontanum subsp. vulgare (Hartm.) Greuter & Burdet [Cerastium holosteoides Fries] Annual, biennial, perennial. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Saponin-bearing. 1094. Cerastium glomeratum Thuill Annual. River valleys, pebbles, roadsides, gardens, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1095. Cerastium lithospermifolium Fisch. Perennial. Screes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1096. Cerastium perfoliatum L. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, gardens, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Saponin-bearing. 1097. Cerastium pusillum Ser. Perennial. Stony slopes, banks of rivers, swamps, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1098. Cerastium semidecandrum L. [Cerastium pentandrum L.; Cerastium dentatum Möeschl.] Annual. Clayey soils. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Genus 330. Holosteum L. 1099. Holosteum umbellatum L. Annual. Piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, saponin-bearing. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1100. Holosteum umbellatum subsp. glutinosum (M. Bieb.) Nyman [Holosteum glutinosum (M. Bieb.) Fisch. & C. A. Mey.; Holosteum polygamum C. Koch] Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, saponin-bearing. Genus 331. Sagina L. 1101. Sagina saginoides (L.) H. Karst. Perennial. Stony slopes, pebbles, screes, wet places, banks of rivers, swamps. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Genus 332. Bufonia L. 1102. Bufonia oliveriana Ser. Semishrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau. Genus 333. Lepyrodiclis Fenzl. 1103. Lepyrodiclis holosteoides (C. A. Mey.) Fenzl ex Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. River valleys, fine-earth and stony slopes, shady wet places, fallow lands, fields, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones, Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed, saponin-bearing. 1104. Lepyrodiclis stellarioides Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. River valleys, fine-earth and stony slopes, woodlands, shady wet places, gardens. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Saponin-bearing. Genus 334. Minuartia L. 1105. Minuartia hamata (Hausskn.) Mattf. [Queria hispanica L.] Annual. Pebbles, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1106. Minuartia kryloviana Schischk. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1107. Minuartia meyeri (Boiss.) Bornm. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 317 318 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 335. Eremogone Fenzl 1108. Eremogone griffithii (Boiss.) Ikonn. [Arenaria griffithii Boiss.] Figure 322 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Saponin-bearing. Figure 322 Eremogone griffithii (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 336. Arenaria L. 1109. Arenaria rotundifolia M. Bieb. Perennial. Stony slopes, banks of rivers, alpine meadows, swamps. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1110. Arenaria serpyllifolia L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 1111. Arenaria serpyllifolia subsp. leptoclados (Rchb.) Nyman [Arenaria leptoclados (Rchb.) Guss.] Annual. Clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Genus 337. Spergularia L. 1112. Spergularia diandra (Guss.) Heldr. Annual. Saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1113. *Spergularia marina (L.) Besser [Spergularia salina J. Presl & C. Presl] Annual, biennial or perennial. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1114. Spergularia media (L.) C. Presl. Annual or biennial. Saline lands, wastelands, banks of canas. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1115. *Spergularia rubra J. Presl & C. Presl. Annual or biennial. Saline lands, wastelands, roadsides, fields, banks of rivers. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. Genus 338. Herniaria L. 1116. Herniaria glabra L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, banks of rivers, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed, poisonous. 1117. Herniaria hirsuta L. Annual. River valleys, dry riverbeds, pebbles, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed, poisonous. Genus 339. *Agrostemma L. 1118. *Agrostemma githago L. Annual. Fallow lands, fields, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, weed, poisonous. 319 320 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 340. Silene L. 1119. Silene brahuica Boiss. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, ravines, rocks, pebbles. Foothills, montane zone, Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, saponin-bearing. 1120. Silene claviformis Litv. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1121. Silene conica L. Figure 323 Annual. River valleys, pebbles, fine-earth and stony slopes, fallow lands, fields. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Saponin-bearing. Figure 323 Silene conica (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1122. Silene coniflora Nees ex Otth. Figure 324 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, banks of canals, roadsides. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 324 Silene coniflora (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1123. Silene conoidea L. Figure 325 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, banks of canals, wastelands, roadsides, gardens, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Kyzylkum. Weed. Figure 325 Silene conoidea (photography by Natalya Beshko) 321 322 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1124. Silene graminifolia Otth [Silene schischkinii Sobolevsk.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1125. Silene guntensis Schischk. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1126. Silene incurvifolia Kar. & Kir. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, pebbles. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1127. Silene kuschakewiczii Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1128. Silene latifolia Poir. [Melandrium album (Mill.) Garcke] Annual or biennial. Fine-earth slopes, river valleys, ravines. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Weed, saponin-bearing. 1129. Silene longicalycina Kom. Figure 326 Perennial. Stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 326 Silene longicalycina (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1130. Silene nana Kar. & Kir. Figure 327 Annual. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Figure 327 Silene nana (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1131. Silene nevskii Schischk. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1132. Silene obtusidentata B. Fedtsch. & Popov Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. 1133. Silene paranadena Bondarenko & Vved. Figure 328 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. UzbRDB 2. Figure 328 Silene paranadena (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 323 324 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1134. Silene plurifolia Schischk. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. 1135. Silene praelonga Ovcz. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau. 1136. Silene praemixta Popov Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, foothills, pebbles, river valleys, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Saponin-bearing. 1137. Silene pugionifolia Popov Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. 1138. Silene ruinarum Popov [Melandrium ruinarium Popov] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, wet places. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. 1139. Silene stenantha Ovcz. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. 1140. Silene tachtensis Franch. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1141. Silene turkestanica Regel [Melandrium turkestanicum Vved.] Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, woodlands. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 1142. Silene uralensis subsp. apetala (L.) Bocquet [Gastrolychnis apetala (L.) Tolm. & Kozhanch] Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, swamps, pebbles. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Saponin-bearing. 1143. Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke Figure 329 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, river valleys, ravines, subalpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, saponin-bearing, ornamental. Figure 329 Silene vulgaris (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 341. Gastrolychnis (Fenzl.) Rchb. 1144. Gastrolychnis longicarpophora (Kom.) Czerep. [Silene longicarpophora (Kom.) Bocquet] Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, alpine meadows, places near melting snow. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Genus 342. Gypsophila L. 1145. Gypsophila cephalotes (Schrenk) F. N. Williams Perennial. Stony and gravelly slopes, pebbles, river valleys. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Saponin-bearing. 1146. Gypsophila herniarioides Boiss. Perennial. Moraines, screes, stony slopes, pebbles. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1147. *Gypsophila paniculata L. Perennial. Roadsides, dry riverbeds, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar. Medicinal, poisonous, ornamental. Genus 343. Bolbosaponaria Bondar. 1148. Bolbosaponaria sewerzowii Bondar. Figure 330 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Saponin-bearing. Figure 330 Bolbosaponaria sewerzowii (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 344. Kuhitangia Ovcz. 1149. Kuhitangia knorringiana Bondarenko Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Saponin-bearing. 325 326 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 345. Petrorhagia (Ser. ex DC.) Link. 1150. Petrorhagia alpina (Hablitz) P. W. Ball & Heywood Annual or biennial. Stony slopes, screes, river valleys, ravines, rocks, subalpine and alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Saponin-bearing. Genus 346. Acanthophyllum C. A. Mey. 1151. Acanthophyllum aculeatum Schischk. Perennial. Sandy deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth and stony slopes, screes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. Medicinal, meliferous, saponin-bearing. 1152. Acanthophyllum elatius Bunge Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Saponin-bearing. 1153. Acanthophyllum pungens (Bunge) Boiss. Figure 331 Perennial. Sandy deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous, saponin-bearing. Figure 331 Acanthophyllum pungens (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 347. Allochrusa Bunge ex Boiss. 1154. Allochrusa gypsophiloides (Regel) Schischk. [Acanthophyllum gypsophiloides Regel] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, saponin-bearing. UzbRDB 3. Genus 348. *Vaccaria Medik. 1155. *Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rauschert Annual. Fields, fallow lands, banks of canals, meadows, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed, ornamental, medicinal. Genus 349. Dianthus L. 1156. Dianthus baldzhuanicus Lincz. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1157. Dianthus brevipetalus Vved. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 1158. Dianthus crinitus subsp. tetralepis (Nevski) Rech.f. [Dianthus tetralepis Nevski] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, saponin-bearing. 1159. Dianthus darvazicus Lincz. Figure 332 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Saponin-bearing. Figure 332 Dianthus darvazicus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 327 328 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1160. Dianthus helenae Vved. Figure 333 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau. Endemic to the Nuratau Mountains. Figure 333 Dianthus helenae (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1161. Dianthus subscabridus Lincz. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, dry riverbeds. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 350. Pleioneura Rech. f. 1162. Pleioneura griffithiana (Boiss.) Rech. f. [Saponaria griffithiana Boiss.] Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 351. Velezia L. 1163. Velezia rigida L. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, pebbles, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Family 83. Amaranthaceae Genus 352. *Amaranthus L. 1164. *Amaranthus albus L. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, wastelands, roadsides, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, fodder. 1165. *Amaranthus blitoides S. Watson Annual. Fields, fallow lands, wastelands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Weed, fodder. 1166. *Amaranthus deflexus L. Annual. Gardens, fields, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1167. *Amaranthus retroflexus L. Annual. Settlements, gardens, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, fodder, medicinal. Genus 353. Polycnemum L. 1168. Polycnemum arvense L. Annual. Stony slopes, pebbles, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, 329 330 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Malguzar. Weed, fodder. 1169. Polycnemum perenne Litv. Figure 334 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Figure 334 Polycnemum perenne (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 354. Chenopodium L. 1170. Chenopodium album L. Annual. Wastelands, fields, gardens, fallow lands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, fodder, medicinal, food, dye, essential oil, meliferous. 1171. Chenopodium botrys L. Annual. Dry riverbeds, pebbles, stony slopes, wastelands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, dye, essential oil. 1172. Chenopodium chenopodioides (L.) Aellen Annual. Saline lands. Plain, foothills. Kyzylkum. Weed. 1173. Chenopodium foliosum (Moench) Aschers Figure 335 Annual. Stony slopes, pebbles, screes, rocks, wastelands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Food, medicinal, dye. Figure 335 Chenopodium foliosum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 331 332 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1174. Chenopodium glaucum L. Annual. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fields, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1175. *Chenopodium murale L. Annual. Wastelands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Food, medicinal. 1176. Chenopodium rubrum L. Annual. Saline lands, wastelands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, river valleys, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Kyzylkum. Food, medicinal, weed. 1177. *Chenopodium vulvaria L. Annual. Gravelly slopes, pebbles, dry riverbeds, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Kyzylkum. Weed, medicinal, dye. Genus 355. Spinacia L. 1178. Spinacia turkestanica Iljin Annual. Fields, fallow lands, wastelands, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Food, fodder, weed. Genus 356. Atriplex L. 1179. Atriplex aucherii Moq. Annual. Saline lands, roadsides, wastelands, surroundings of wells and sheepyards. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1180. Atriplex dimorphostegia Kar. & Kir. Annual. Sandy deserts, saline lands. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1181. Atriplex flabellum Bunge Annual. Gravelly and fine-earth slopes, roadsides, wastelands, surroundings of wells and sheepyards. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Kyzylkum, Mirzachul. Fodder. 1182. Atriplex micrantha Ledeb. Annual. Saline lands, banks of canals, wastelands, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Malguzar, Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. 1183. Atriplex ornata Iljin Annual. Saline lands, fallow lands, banks of canals, sandy deserts. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzyzlkum. Fodder, weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1184. Atriplex prostrata subsp. calotheca (Rafn) M. A. Gust. [Atriplex hastata L.] Annual. Saline lands, banks of canals, roadsides, fields, fallow lands. Plain. Mirzachul. Fodder, weed. 1185. Atriplex tatarica L. Annual. Saline lands, banks of canals, roadsides, surroundings of wells and sheepyards, fields, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, food, medicinal. Genus 357. Krascheninnikovia Gueldenst. 1186. Krascheninnikovia ceratoides (L.) Gueldenst. [Ceratoides latens Reveal & Holmgren; Eurotia ceratoides (L.) C. A. Mey.] Figure 336 Semishrub. Stony, gravelly and fine-earth slopes, sandy soils, pebbles, dry riverbeds. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Figure 336 Krascheninnikovia ceratoides (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1187. Krascheninnikovia ewersmanniana (Stschegl. ex Losinsk.) Grubov [Ceratoides ewersmanniana (Stschegl. ex Losinsk.) Botsch. & Ikonn.; Eurotia ewersmanniana Stschegl. ex Losinsk.] Semishrub. Stony slopes, screes, sandy soils, saline lands, dry riverbeds. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, oil, dye. Genus 358. Ceratocarpus L. 1188. Ceratocarpus arenarius L. [Ceratocarpus utriculosus Bluket ex Krylov] Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, pebbles, dry riverbeds, fine-earth slopes, roadsides, wastelands, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, fodder. 333 334 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 359. Camphorosma L. 1189. Camphorosma monspeliaca L. Semishrub. Sandy deserts, saline lands, banks of lakes. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, essential oil, medicinal. Genus 360. Bassia All. 1190. Bassia crassifolia (Pall.) Soldano [Suaeda crassifolia Pall.] Annual. Saline lands, banks of lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul. Fodder. 1191. Bassia eriophora (Schrad.) Asch. [Kirilovia eriantha Bunge; Londesia eriantha Fisch. et C. A. Mey.] Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, surroundings of wells and sheepyards. Plain. Kyzylkum. 1192. Bassia hyssopifolia (Pall.) Kuntze Annual. Banks of canals, saline lands, wastelands, fields, surroundings of wells and sheepyards. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. Genus 361. Kochia Roth. 1193. Kochia iranica Bornm. Annual. Sandy soils, saline lands. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1194. Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad. Semishrub. Sandy soils, saline lands, stony and gravelly slopes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones, Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1195. Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. Annual. Fields, gardens, roadsides, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, medicinal, ornamental, weed. Genus 362. Corispermum L. 1196. Corispermum lehmanninum Bunge Annual. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. Genus 363. Agriophyllum M. Bieb. 1197. Agriophyllum lateriflorum (Lam.) Moq. Annual. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. Figure 337 MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 337 Agriophyllum lateriflorum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 335 336 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 364. Kalidium Moq. 1198. Kalidium caspicum (L.) Ung.-Sternb. Semishrub. Saline lands, banks of lakes. Plain. Kyzylkum. Industrial. Genus365. Halopeplis Bunge 1199. Halopeplis pygmaea (Pall.) Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb. Annual. Saline lands, banks of lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Genus 366. Halostachys C. A. Mey. 1200. Halostachys belangeriana (Moq.) Botsch. Figure 338 Shrub. Saline lands, banks of lakes and canals, fallow lands. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Industrial. Figure 338 Halostachys belangeriana (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 367. Halocnemum M. Bieb. 1201. Halocnemum strobilaceum (Pall.) M. Bieb. Semishrub. Saline lands, banks of lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Alkaloid-bearing, insecticide, industrial. Genus 368. Salicornia L. 1202. Salicornia europaea L. Annual. Saline lands, banks of lakes and canals, depressions, fallow lands. Plain. Nuratau Relic MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, insecticide, food, medicinal, industrial. Genus 369. Suaeda Forsk. 1203. Suaeda acuminata (C. A. Mey.) Moq. Annual. Saline lands, wastelands, fallow lands, fields. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1204. Suaeda altissima (L.) Pall. Annual. Wastelands, fallow lands, fields, saline lands, banks of canals, roadsides. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1205. Suaeda arcuata Bunge Annual. Saline lands, wastelands, fallow lands, fields. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, alkaloidbearing. 1206. Suaeda dendroides (C. A. Mey.) Moq. Shrub. Saline lands, banks of lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, industrial. 1207. Suaeda heterophylla Bunge ex Boiss. Annual. Saline lands, fallow lands, fields, roadsides, banks of canals, wastelands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 1208. Suaeda linifolia Pall. Annual. Saline lands, banks of lakes and canals, fallow lands, fields. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 1209. Suaeda paradoxa (Bunge) Bunge Annual. Saline lands, wastelands, fallow lands, fields. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. 1210. Suaeda physophora Pall. Semishrub. Saline lands, banks of lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul. Industrial, poisonous. Genus 370. Salsola L. 1211. Salsola arbuscula Pall. Shrub. Sandy deserts, stony and gravelly slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, dye, tanniferous, afforestation. 1212. Salsola arbusculiformis Drobow Shrub. Sandy deserts, clayey and gravelly soils, pebbles. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1213. Salsola collina Pall. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plain, fallow lands, saline lands, screes, roadsides, dry riverbeds, surroundings of settlements, wells and sheepyards. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Fodder, medicinal. 1214. Salsola dendroides Pall. Semishrub. Saline lands, gravelly slopes, river valleys, fields. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic 337 338 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, afforestation. 1215. Salsola foliosa (L.) Schrad. ex Schult. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1216. Salsola iberica Sennen & Pau. Annual. Sandy, clayey and skeleton soils, saline lands, wastelands, fields. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1217. Salsola leptoclada Gand. Annual. Sandy, clayey and gravelly soils. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1218. Salsola micranthera Botschantz. Annual. Saline lands, sandy and clay deserts. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1219. Salsola orientalis S. G. Gmel. Semishrub. Clay desert, saline lands, piedmont plains, gravelly slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1220. Salsola paletzkiana Litv. Tree or shrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Dye, afforestation, ornamental. 1221. Salsola paulsenii Litv. Figure 339 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Figure 339 Salsola paulsenii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1222. Salsola richteri (Moq.) Kar. ex Litv. Figure 340 Tree or shrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, dye, afforestation, medicinal, alkaloid-bearing. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 340 Salsola richteri (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1223. Salsola sclerantha C. A. Mey. Annual. Sandy deserts, saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1224. Salsola titovii Botsch. Semishrub. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Aktau. UzbRDB 1. 1225. Salsola turkestanica Litv. Annual. Saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1226. Salsola vvedenskyi Iljin & Popov Annual. Saline lands, sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. Genus 371. Climacoptera Botsch. 1227. Climacoptera lanata (Pall.) Botsch. Annual. Saline lands, sandy and clay deserts, banks of lakes and canals, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1228. Climacoptera longistylosa (Iljin) Botsch. Annual. Saline lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 339 340 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1229. Climacoptera minkvitziae (Korovin) Botsch. Annual. Saline lands. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1230. Climacoptera obtusifolia (Schrenk) Botsch. Annual. Saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1231. Climacoptera olgae (Iljin) Botsch. Annual. Saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1232. Climacoptera transoxana (Iljin) Botsch. Annual. Saline lands, roadsides, banks of lakes and canals, fallow lands, fields. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Genus 372. Halothamnus Jaub. et Spach 1233. Halothamnus glaucus (M. Bieb.) Botsch. [Aellenia glauca (M. Bieb.) Aellen] Semishrub. Sandy deserts, saline lands. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, medicinal. 1234. Halothamnus iliensis (Lipsky) Botsch. [Aellenia iliensis (Lipsky) Aellen] Annual. Saline lands, Sandy and clay deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1235. Halothamnus subaphyllus (C.A.Mey.) Botsch. [Aellenia subaphylla (C.A. Mey.) Aellen] Semishrub. Sandy soils, saline lands. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, medicinal, dye. Genus 373. Girgensohnia Bunge 1236. Girgensohnia oppositiflora (Pall.) Fenzl Annual. Saline, sandy, clayey and gravelly soils, fields, roadsides, fallow lands, dry riverbeds. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1237. Girgensohnia diptera Bunge Annual. Saline lands. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, dye. Genus 374. Gamanthus Bunge 1238. Gamanthus gamocarpus (Moq.) Bunge Annual. Saline, sandy, clayey and gravelly soils, fields, roadsides, fallow lands, dry riverbeds. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Genus 375. Anabasis (Schrenk) Benth. 1239. Anabasis eriopoda (Schrenk) Paulsen Figure 341 Semishrub. Gravelly and stony slopes, saline lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Fodder, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 341 Anabasis eriopoda (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1240. Anabasis jaxartica (Bunge) Benth. ex Iljin Semishrub. Saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul. 1241. Anabasis salsa (Ledeb.) Benth. ex Volkens Figure 342 Semishrub. Saline lands. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, medicinal. 341 342 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 342 Anabasis salsa (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 376. Haloxylon Bunge 1242. Haloxylon ammodendron (C. A. Mey.) Bunge ex Fenzl [Haloxylon aphyllum (Minkw.) Iljin] Figure 343 Tree. Saline lands, sandy and clay deserts. Plain, foothills. Kyzylkum. Fodder, afforestation. Figure 343 Haloxylon ammodendron (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1243. Haloxylon persicum Bunge Figure 344 Tree. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Fodder, afforestation, tanniferous. Figure 344 Haloxylon persicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 343 344 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 377. Nanophyton Botsch. 1244. Nanophyton erinaceum (Pall.) Bunge Figure 345 Semishrub. Gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains. Figure 345 Nanophyton erinaceum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1245. Nanophyton saxatile Botsch. Figure 346 Semishrub. Gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Malguzar. Figure 346 Nanophyton saxatile (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 378. Halocharis Moq. 1246. Halocharis hispida (Schrenk) Bunge Annual. Sandy, clayey and gravelly soils, saline lands, fields, fallow lands, banks of canals, roadsides. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 379. Halimocnemis C. A. Mey. 1247. Halimocnemis mollissima Bunge Annual. Saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. 1248. Halimocnemis villosa Kar. & Kir. Annual. Saline lands, sandy and clay deserts. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Genus 380. Halogeton C. A. Mey. 1249. Halogeton glomeratus (M. Bieb.) Ledeb. Figure 347 Annual. Saline lands, sandy soils, roadsides. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Figure 347 Halogeton glomeratus (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 84. *Portulacaceae Genus 381. *Portulaca L. 1250. *Portulaca oleracea L. Annual. Fallow lands, wastelands, banks of rivers and canals, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Food, medicinal, weed, alkaloid-bearing. 345 346 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 85. Balsaminaceae Genus 382. Impatiens L. 1251. Impatiens parviflora DC. Figure 348 Annual. Shady wet places, banks of rivers, ravines, stony slopes, screes, gardens. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, poisonous, weed. Figure 348 Impatiens parviflora (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Family 86. Primulaceae Genus 383. Primula L. 1252. Primula algida Adams Perennial. Alpine meadows, swamps, moraines, stream banks, places near melting snow. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. 1253. Primula fedtschenkoi Regel Figure 349 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. Figure 349 Primula fedtschenkoi (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1254. Primula iljinskii Al. Fed. ex Schischk. & Bobrov Perennial. Wet meadows, swamps, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental. 1255. Primula matthioli (L.) V. A. Richt. [Cortusa turkestanica Losinsk.] Figure 350 Perennial. Stream banks, shady wet places, subalpine and alpine meadows, swamps. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 347 348 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 350 Primula matthioli (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1256. Primula olgae Regel Perennial. Banks of rivers, swamps, subalpine and alpine meadows, moraines. Montane and alpine zones, Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 1257. Primula pamirica Al. Fed. ex Schischk. & Bobrov Perennial. Alpine meadows, banks of rivers. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental. 1258. Primula turkeviczii V. V. Byalt [Primula lactiflora Turkev.] Perennial. Rocks, places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental. Genus 384. Androsace L. 1259. Androsace dasyphylla Bunge ex Ledeb. Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, rocks. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1260. Androsace maxima L. Annual. Pebbles, rocks, fine-earth and stony slopes, meadows, fallow lands, fields, roadsides. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. 1261. Androsace sericea Ovcz. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, alpine meadows, moraines, rocks, screes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Genus 385. Samolus L. 1262. Samolus valerandi L. Perennial. Wet places, banks of rivers and canals, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Mirzachul. Genus 386. Lysimachia L. 1263. Lysimachia dubia Soland. ex Aiton Perennial. Wet places, banks of rivers and canals, fields. Plain. Mirzachul. 1264. Lysimachia maritima (L.) Galasso, Banfi & Soldano [Glaux maritima L.] Perennial. Wet places, saline lands, banks of rivers, swamps, meadows. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, North Turkestan. Dye. Genus 387. *Anagallis L. 1265. *Anagallis arvensis L. [Anagallis foemina Mill.] Figure 351 Annual. Banks of rivers and canals, roadsides, gardens, fields, fallow lands, wastelands, pebbles, dry riverbeds, stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, poisonous, weed. 349 350 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 351 Anagallis arvensis (above) and Anagallis arvensis subsp. foemina (below) (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Family 87. Ericaceae Genus 388. Pyrola L. 1266. Pyrola rotundifolia L. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, banks of rivers. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental. Family 88. Rubiaceae Genus 389. Crucianella L. 1267. Crucianella chlorostachys Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. Pebbles, stony slopes, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, North Turkestan. 1268. Crucianella exasperata Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1269. Crucianella filifolia Regel & Schmalh. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, banks of canals, pebbles, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, North Turkestan. Genus 390. Asperula L. 1270. Asperula glabrata Tschern. Semishrub. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1271. Asperula oppositifolia Regel & Schmalh. Semishrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1272. Asperula setosa Jaub. & Spach. Annual. Stony slopes, screes, rocks, alpine meadows, wet places near springs. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1273. Asperula trichodes J. Gay ex DC. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, dry riverbeds, banks of rivers. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. 351 352 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 391. Galium L. 1274. Galium aparine L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, woodlands, river valleys, gardens, fields, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, dye, fodder, weed. 1275. Galium ceratopodum Boiss. Annual. Gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. 1276. Galium humifusum M. Bieb. [Asperula humifusa (M. Bieb.) Besser] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, saline lands, meadows, swamps, banks of canals, fields, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, dye, fodder, weed. 1277. Galium karakulense Pobed. Perennial. Wet places, swamps, banks of rivers. Montane zone. Nuratau. 1278. Galium pamiroalaicum Pobed. Figure 352 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, subalpine and alpine meadows, banks of rivers. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, fodder, meliferous. Figure 352 Galium pamiroalaicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1279. Galium pseudorivale Tzvelev [Asperula aparine M. Bieb.] Perennial. Woodlands, river valleys, gardens, fine-earth and stony slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1280. Galium setaceum Lam. [Galium decaisnei Boiss.] Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, banks of rivers, fallow lands. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1281. Galium songaricum Schrenk Annual. Juniper forests, wet shady places. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1282. Galium spurium L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, river valleys, woodlands, gardens, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones, Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1283. Galium spurium subsp. ibicinum (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Ehrend. [Galium ibicinum Boiss. & Hausskn.] Annual. Fine-earth slopes, river valleys, wet shady places. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1284. Galium tenuissimum M. Bieb. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, river valleys, piedmont plains, clay deserts, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 1285. Galium tianschanicum Popov Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, moraines, pebbles, dry riverbeds. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, NorthTurkestan. 1286. Galium tricornutum Dandy Annual. Gravelly and stony sloper, screes, rocks, banks of rivers and canals, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1287. Galium turkestanicum Pobed. Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, meadows, river valleys, woodlands. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. 1288. Galium verticellatum Danthoine ex Lam Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1289. Galium verum L. [Galium ruthenicum Willd.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds, banks of rivers, subalpine and alpine meadows, banks of rivers. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, poisonous, dye, ornamental, meliferous. 353 354 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 392. Cruciata Mill. 1290. Cruciata pedemontana (Bellardi) Ehrend. Annual. Fine-earth slopes, banks of rivers, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Genus 393. Rubia L. 1291. Rubia regelii Pojark. Figure 353 Semishrub. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Figure 353 Rubia regelii (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 394. Callipeltis Stev. 1292. Callipeltis cucularis (L.) DC. Annual. Gravelly and stony sloper, screes, rocks, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Family 89. Gentianaceae Genus 395. Centaurium Hill 1293. Centaurium erythraea subsp. turcicum (Velen.) Melderis [Centaurium turcicum (Velen.) Bornm.] Figure 354 Biennial. Banks of rivers and canals, swamps, meadows. Montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, ornamental. Figure 354 Centaurium erythraea subsp. turcicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1294. Centaurium pulchellum (Sw.) Druce Annual. Meadows, saline lands, wet places, banks of rivers and canals, sandy deserts, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, ornamental. 1295. Centaurium spicatum (L.) Fritsch Annual. Meadows, saline lands, wet places, banks of rivers and canals, fallow lands. Plain. Mirzachul. Medicinal, ornamental. 355 356 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 396. Gentiana L. 1296. Gentiana leucomelaena Maxim. Annual or biennial. Meadows, swamps, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1297. Gentiana olivieri Griseb. Figure 355 Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, piedmont plains, clay deserts, banks of rivers, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, ornamental. Figure 355 Gentiana olivieri (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1298. Gentiana prostrata Haenke Annual or biennial. Subalpine and alpine meadows, swamps, wet places, juniper forests, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1299. Gentiana riparia Kar. & Kir. Annual or biennial. Swamps, meadows, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Genus 397. Gentianella Moench 1300. Gentianella sibirica (Kuzn.) Holub [Gentiana sibirica (Kuzn.) Grossh.] Annual or biennial. Alpine meadows, moraines, pebbles, shady wet places, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1301. Gentianella turkestanorum (Gand.) Holub [Gentiana turkestanorum Gand.] Annual or biennial. Meadows, swamps, banks of rivers, woodlands, wet places near springs. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental. Genus 398. Gentianopsis Ma 1302. Gentianopsis barbata (Froel.) Ma [Gentiana barbata Froel.]. Annual or biennial. Meadows, fine-earth slopes, moraines, swamps, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental. Genus 399. Lomatogonium A. Braun 1303. Lomatogonium carinthiacum (Wulfen) A. Braun Annual. Wet stony slopes, alpine meadows, swamps, moraines, banks of streams. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous. Genus 400. Swertia L. 1304. Swertia lactea Bunge Perennial. Banks of rivers, wet stony slopes and rocks, woodlands, subalpine meadows, swamps, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 357 358 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 90. Apocynaceae Genus 401. Cynanchum L. 1305. Cynanchum acutum subsp. sibiricum (Willd.) Rech. f. [Cynanchum sibiricum Willd.] Figure 356 Perennial. Riparian forests, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, wet stony slopes, pebbles, saline lands, sandy deserts. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, weed. Figure 356 Cynanchum acutum subsp. sibiricum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 402. Trachomitum Woodson 1306. Trachomitum scabrum (Russanov) Pobed. Figure 357 Perennial. Riparian forests, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, saline lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, poisonous, industrial, ornamental, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 357 Trachomitum scabrum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Family 91. Boraginaceae Genus 403. Heliotropium L. 1307. Heliotropium arguzioides Kar. & Kir. Perennial. Sandy deserts. Kyzylkum. Poisonous, fodder, meliferous. 1308. Heliotropium bogdanii Czukav. Annual. Stony banks of rivers, pebbles, conglomerates. Foothills. North Turkestan. 1309. Heliotropium dasycarpum Ledeb. Perennial. Sandy, clayey and gravelly soils. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Poisonous, fodder, weed. 1310. Heliotropium ellipticum Ledeb. Annual. Pebbles, dry riverbeds, gravelly soils, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau. Poisonous, weed. 1311. Heliotropium lasiocarpum Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. Sandy, clayey and gravelly soils, wastelands, roadsides, fallow lands. Foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Poisonous, weed. 359 360 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1312. Heliotropium olgae Bunge Annual. Sandy, clayey and gravelly soils, pebbles. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Poisonous. Genus 404. Lithospermum L. 1313. Lithospermum officinale L. Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, river valleys, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, dye, weed, fodder. Genus 405. Buglossoides Moench 1314. Buglossoides arvensis (L.) J. M. Johnst. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, fallow lands, fields. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Dye, weed. Genus 406. Arnebia Forsk. 1315. Arnebia coerulea Schipcz. Figure 358 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, sandy deserts, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Dye, fodder, ornamental. Figure 358 Arnebia coerulea (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1316. Arnebia decumbens (Vent.) Coss. & Kralik. Figure 359 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, banks of canals. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Dye, fodder, weed. Figure 359 Arnebia decumbens (photography by Natalya Beshko) 361 362 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1317. Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I. M. Johnst. [Macrotomia euchroma (Royle) Paulsen] Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Dye. 1318. Arnebia obovata Bunge Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Dye, fodder. 1319. Arnebia transcaspica Popov Figure 360 Annual. Sandy, clayey and gravelly soils, stony slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Dye, fodder. Figure 360 Arnebia transcaspica (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 407. Onosma L. 1320. Onosma dichroanta Boiss. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, dye, meliferous. 1321. Onosma maracandica Zakirov Perennial. Rocks, screes, stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 408. Echium L. 1322. Echium biebersteinii Lacaita Biennial. Fields, wastelands, fallow lands, roadsides, fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, dye, weed, meliferous. 1323. *Echium vulgare L. Biennial. Wastelands, fallow lands, roadsides, fine-earth and stony slopes. Foothills. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, dye, weed, meliferous. Genus 409. *Anchusa L. 1324. *Anchusa arvensis subsp. orientalis (L.) Nordh. [Lycopsis orientalis L.] Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, wastelands, fallow lands, fields, roadsides. Plains, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1325. *Anchusa azurea Mill. [Anchusa italica Retz.] Figure 361 Perennial. Ravines, river valleys, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, wastelands, fallow lands, fields, roadsides, banks of canals. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Dye, medicinal, weed, meliferous, ornamental. Figure 361 Anchuza azurea (photography by Natalya Beshko) 363 364 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 410. Nonea Medik. 1326. Nonea caspica (Willd.) G. Don. Figure 362 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, gravelly and stony slopes, roadsides, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. Figure 362 Nonea caspica (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1327. Nonea melanocarpa Boiss. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, fields. North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. 1328. Nonea pulla (L.) DC. Perennial. Fallow lands, wastelands, roadsides, river valleys. North Turkestan (this species can be found in the Zaamin National Park, in basin of the river Uriklisay, because it was reported from the neighbouring area of Tajikistan, from the basin of the river Kusavli). Medicinal, meliferous. Genus 411. Myosotis L. 1329. Myosotis alpestris F. W. Schmidt Perennial. Subalpine and alpine meadows, gravelly and stony slopes, moraines. Montane and alpine zones, North Turkestan. Fodder, ornamental. 1330. Myosotis laxa subsp. caespitosa (Schultz) Hyl. ex Nordh. [Myosotis caespitosa Schultz] Perennial. River valleys, swamps, wet places near springs. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1331. Myosotis refracta Boiss. Annual. Shady wet places, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. 1332. Myosotis stricta Link. ex Roem. & Schult. [Myosotis micrantha Pall. & Lehm.] Annual. River valleys, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, rocks, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. Genus 412. Lappula Moench 1333. Lappula brachycentra (Ledeb.) Gürke Annual or biennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1334. Lappula microcarpa (Ledeb.) Gürke Annual or biennial. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1335. Lappula myosotis Moench Annual or biennial. Wastelands, roadsides, fallow lands, surroundings of wells and sheepyards, fineearth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1336. Lappula nuratavica Nabiev & Zakirov Figure 363 Annual. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau. Endemic to the Nuratau ridge. UzbRDB 2. 365 366 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 363 Lappula nuratavica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1337. Lappula occultata Popov Annual. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1338. Lappula marginata (M. Bieb.) Gürke [Lappula patula (Lehm.) Asch. ex Gurke; Lappula semiglabra (Ledeb.) Gürke] Annual. Gardens, fields, wastelands, roadsides, fallow lands, pebbles, fine-earth and gravelly slopes, river valleys, sandy and clay deserts. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1339. Lappula sarawschanica (Lipsky) Nabiev Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1340. Lappula semialata Popov Biennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1341. Lappula sessiliflora Gürke Annual. Gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains. 1342. Lappula sinaica (A. DC.) Asch. & Schweinf. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. 1343. Lappula spinocarpos (Forssk.) Asch. ex Kuntze Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills. North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1344. Lappula squarrosa (Retz.) Dumort. [Lappula consanguinea (Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) Gürke] Annual or biennial. Fields, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 413. Asperugo L. 1345. Asperugo procumbens L. Annual. Fields, river valleys, wastelands, roadsides, settlements, surroundings of wells and sheepyards, gardens, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fallow lands, shady wet places. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, weed. Genus 414. Heterocaryum DC. 1346. Heterocaryum laevigatum (Kar. & Kir.) A. DC. Annual. Gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Foothills. Nuratau. Weed. 1347. Heterocaryum macrocarpum Zakirov Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, wastelands, roadsides, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. 1348. Heterocaryum subsessile Vatke Annual. Gravelly slopes, wastelands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. 1349. Heterocaryum szovitsianum (Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) A. DC. [Heterocaryum rigidum A. DC.] Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, wastelands, fallow lands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. Genus 415. Rochelia Rchb. 1350. Rochelia bungei Trautv. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds, sandy deserts, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1351. Rochelia cardiosepala Bunge Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, fields, dry riverbeds, sandy deserts. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1352. Rochelia disperma subsp. retorta (Pall.) Kotejowa [Rochelia retorta (Pall.) Lipsky] Annual. Clay deserts, river valleys, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. 1353. Rochelia leiocarpa Ledeb. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, 367 368 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. 1354. Rochelia peduncularis Boiss. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Genus 416. Rindera Pall. 1355. Rindera tetraspis Pall. Figure 364 Perennial. Rocks, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 364 Rindera tetraspis (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 417. Hackelia Opiz. 1356. Hackelia uncinata (Benth.) C. E. C. Fisch. [Paracaryum glochidiatum (A. DC.) Benth. & Hook. f.] Annual. Clayey and gravelly soils. Mirzachul. Genus 418. Mattiastrum Brand 1357. Mattiastrum himalayense (Klotzsch) Brand [Paracaryum himalayense (Klotzsch) C. B. Clarke] Perennial. Stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 419. Lindelofia Lehm. 1358. Lindelofia olgae Brand Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Dye. 1359. Lindelofia macrostyla (Bunge) Popov Figure 365 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Dye, weed. Figure 365 Lindelofia macrostyla (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1360. Lindelofia stylosa (Kar. & Kir.) Brand Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental. Genus 420. Solenanthus Ledeb. 1361. Solenanthus circinatus Ledeb. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, shady wet places. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. 369 370 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 421. Kuschakewiczia Regel & M. Smirn. 1362. Kuschakewiczia turkestanica Regel & Smirn. [Solenanthus turkestanicus (Regel & Smirn.) Kuzn.] Perennial. Clayey and fine-earth soils. Foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Meliferous. Genus 422. *Cynoglossum L. 1363. *Cynoglossum creticum Mill. Annual or biennial. Banks of rivers and canals, fallow lands, fields, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous, weed. Genus 423. Trichodesma R. Br. 1364. Trichodesma incanum (Bunge) A. DC. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, river valleys, fields, fallow lands, settlements. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed, poisonous, medicinal. Family 92. Convolvulaceae Genus 424. Cuscuta L. 1365. Cuscuta approximata Bab. [Cuscuta cupulata Engelm.] Annual. Fields, fallow lands, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Poisonous. Parasite. Host plants are Medicago sativa, Setaria viridis, Cynodon dactylon, Convolvulus arvensis, Lactuca scariola. Quarantine invasive weed. 1366. Cuscuta brevistyla A. Braun ex A. Rich. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestanl. Poisonous. Parasite. Host plants are different wild herbs and semishrubs. Quarantine invasive weed. 1367. *Cuscuta campestris Yunck. Annual. Gardens, fields, vineyards. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Parasite. Host plants are different crops, vegetables and ornamentals, as well as weeds MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] and wild species of Polygonum, Zygophyllum, etc. Quarantine invasive weed. 1368. Cuscuta europaea L. Annual. Woodlands, wet places, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, poisonous. Parasite. Host plants are different wild herbs, semishrubs and shrubs (Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ferula sp., Artemisia dracunculus, etc.). Quarantine invasive weed. 1369. Cuscuta lehmanniana Bunge Annual. Riparian forests, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, gardens, fields, vineyards. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal. Parasite. Host plants are different cultivated and wild herbs, semishrubs, shrubs and trees (more than 200 species). Quarantine invasive weed. 1370. Cuscuta monogyna Vahl. Annual. Woodlands, gardens, vineyards, river valleys, banks of lakes and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Parasite. Host plants are different cultivated and wild herbs, shrubs and trees (species of genera Rhamnus, Salix, Ziziphus, Paliurus, Tamarix, Berberis, Rosa, Fraxinus, Pistacia, Vitis, etc.). Quarantine invasive weed. 1371. Cuscuta pedicellata Ledeb. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal. Parasite. Host plants are different wild herbs and shrubs (Poa bulbosa, Peganum harmala, Alhagi sp., Trifolium sp., Trigonella sp., Galium sp., Artemisia sp., etc.). Quarantine invasive weed. 1372. Cuscuta pellucida Butkov Annual. Piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, North Turkestan. Parasite. Host plants are different wild herbs and semishrubs (Alhagi sp., Artemisia sp., Origanum sp., etc.). Quarantine invasive weed. Genus 425. Convolvulus L. 1373. *Convolvulus arvensis L. Perennial. A weed widespread in different habitats. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, alkaloidbearing, weed, fodder, meliferous. 1374. Convolvulus fruticosus Pall. Figure 366 Semishrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous. 371 372 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 366 Convolvulus fruticosus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1375. Convolvulus hamadae (Vved.) V. Petrov Semishrub. Sandy and clay deserts, gravelly and stony slopes of relic mountains. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, meliferous. 1376. Convolvulus korolkowii Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Meliferous. 1377. Convolvulus lineatus L. Figure 367 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, roadsides, banks of rivers and canals, wet places. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed, meliferous. Figure 367 Convolvulus lineatus (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1378. Convolvulus pilosellifolius Desr. Perennial. Fallow lands, clayey and skeleton soils, banks of canals. Plain. Mirzachul. Fodder, meliferous. 1379. Convolvulus pseudocantabricus Schrenk ex Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Perennial. Piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, poisonous, meliferous. 1380. Convolvulus subhirsutus Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, fodder, weed, meliferous. Genus 426. Calystegia R. Br. 1381. Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. Perennial. Riparian forests, gardens, banks of rivers and canals, stony wet places, settlements. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, poisonous, ornamental, meliferous. Family 93. Solanaceae Genus 427. Solanum L. 1382. *Solanum americanum Mill. (Solanum nigrum L.) Annual. Gardens, fields, fallow lands, settlements, river valleys, wastelands. Plain. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, alkaloid-bearing, oil, poisonous, food, weed, meliferous. 1383. Solanum asiae-mediae Pojark. Semishrub. Riparian forests, ravines, stream banks. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. 1384. Solanum kitagawae Schonb.-Tem. Semishrub. Riparian forests, stony slopes, ravines, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. 1385. Solanum olgae Pojark. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, wastelands, gardens, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 373 374 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 428. Lycium L. 1386. Lycium dasystemum Pojark. Shrub. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, oil, afforestation, meliferous. 1387. Lycium ruthenicum Murray Figure 368 Shrub. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, oil, afforestation, weed, meliferous. Figure 368 Lycium ruthenicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 429. Hyoscyamus L. 1388. *Hyoscyamus niger L. Figure 369 Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, wastelands, fallow lands, fields, gardens, settlements, roadsides. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, poisonous, insecticide, weed, alkaloid-bearing. Figure 369 Hyoscyamus niger (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1389. Hyoscyamus pusillus L. Figure 370 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, wastelands, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Poisonous, alkaloid-bearing, weed. 375 376 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 370 Hyoscyamus pusillus (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 430. *Datura L. 1390. *Datura stramonium L. Annual. Settlements, wastelands, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, banks of canals. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, poisonous, insecticide, weed, alkaloid-bearing. Genus 431. *Nicandra Adans. 1391. *Nicandra physaloides (L.) Gaertn Annual. Settlements, wastelands, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, banks of canals. Mirzachul, North MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Turkestan. Medicinal, oil, fodder, weed. Family 94. Oleaceae Genus 432. Fraxinus L. 1392. Fraxinus sogdiana Bunge Tree. River valleys, fine-earth slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. IUCN NT. Industrial, afforestation, ornamental, medicinal. 1393. *Fraxinus angustifolia subsp. syriaca (Boiss.) Yalt. [Fraxinus syriaca Boiss.] Tree. River valleys. Montane zone. Nuratau. Industrial, afforestation, ornamental, medicinal. Family 95. Plantaginaceae Genus 433. *Kickxia Dumort. 1394. *Kickxia elatine (L.) Dumort. Annual. Fine-earth slopes, pebbles, riparian forests, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal. Genus 434. Veronica L. 1395. *Veronica anagallis-aquatica L. Perennial. Wet places near spings, banks of rivers and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous. 1396. Veronica anagalloides Guss Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, swamps, meadows, fallow lands, pebbles, saline lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1397. Veronica arguteserrata Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, rocks, piedmont plains, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. 1398. Veronica arvensis L. Annual. Fine-earth slopes, wet meadows, river valleys, roadsides, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Medicinal. 377 378 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1399. Veronica beccabunga L. Perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, swamps, wet places near springs. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. 1400. Veronica biloba Schreb. ex L. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, rocks, screes, moraines. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1401. Veronica campylopoda Boiss. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, pebbles, fields, fallow lands, saline lands, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1402. Veronica capillipes Nevski Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1403. Veronica cardiocarpa (Kar. & Kir.) Walp. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1404. Veronica hederifolia L. Annual. Settlements, fields, fallow lands, gardens, wastelands, roadsides, river valleys, banks of canals, stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1405. Veronica intercedens Bornm. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1406. Veronica oxycarpa Boiss. Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, wet places near springs, gardens, meadows. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. 1407. *Veronica persica Poir. Annual. Settlements, fields, fallow lands, wastelands, gardens, banks of canals, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1408. *Veronica polita Fr. Annual. Settlements, banks of rivers and canals, fields, fallow lands, fine-earth slopes, pebbles, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1409. Veronica verna L. Annual. Roadsides, pebbles, meadows, gravelly and fine-earth slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 435. Lagotis Gaertn. 1410. Lagotis korolkowii (Regel & Schmalh.) Maxim. Figure 371 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Figure 371 Lagotis korolkowii (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 436. Plantago L. 1411. Plantago gentianoides Sm. Perennial. Swamps, stream banks. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1412. Plantago lagocephala Bunge Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands. Plain. Kyzylkum. 1413. Plantago lanceolata L. Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, river valleys, banks of lakes and canals, roadsides, wastelands, gardens, wet places. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, fodder. 1414. Plantago major L. Biennial or perennial. Wet places, swamps, meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, riparian forests, roadsides, settlements, fields, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, fodder. 379 380 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 437. Hippuris L. 1415. Hippuris vulgaris L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Nuratau Relic Mountains, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, fodder. Family 96. Scrophulariaceae Genus 438. Verbascum L. 1416. Verbascum blattaria L. Annual or biennial. Fine-earth slopes, piedmont plains, sandy and clay deserts, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, saline lands, riparian forests, fallow lands, fields, gardens, meadows. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, meliferous, weed, insecticide. 1417. Verbascum erianthum Benth. [Verbascum bactrianum Bunge] Biennial. Fields, fallow lands, banks of rivers and canals, saline lands, stony slopes, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, meliferous, insecticide. 1418. Verbascum songaricum Schrenk Figure 372 Biennial. Sandy deserts, roadsides, banks of canals, dry riverbeds, river valleys, ravines, fallow lands, fields, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, meliferous, insecticide. Figure 372 Verbascum songaricum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1419. Verbascum turkestanicum Franch. Annual or biennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Genus 439. Linaria Mill. 1420. Linaria popovii Kuprian. Figure 373 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. Figure 373 Linaria popovii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1421. Linaria sessilis Kuprian. Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 440. Scrophularia L. 1422. Scrophularia gontscharovii Gorschk. Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1423. Scrophularia griffithii Benth. ex DC. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1424. Scrophularia heucheriiflora Schrenk Perennial. Stony and gravelly slopes, meadows, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. 1425. Scrophularia incisa Weinm. Perennial. Stony slopes, pebbles, screes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal. 1426. Scrophularia integrifolia Pavlov Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 381 382 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1427. Scrophularia kiriloviana Schischk. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, ravines, river valleys. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 1428. Scrophularia leucoclada Bunge Perennial. Sandy soils, stony and gravelly slopes, dry riverbeds, saline lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1429. Scrophularia scoparia Pennell Perennial. Stony and gravelly slopes, pebbles. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1430. Scrophularia striata Boiss. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds, pebbles. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. 1431. Scrophularia umbrosa Dumort. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, stream banks, wet places, meadows. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, poisonous, meliferous. 1432. Scrophularia vvedenskyi Bondarenko & Filatova Biennial. Rocks, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1433. Scrophularia xanthoglossa Boiss. Perennial. Rocks, stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Family 97. Lentibulariaceae Genus 441. Utricularia L. 1434. Utricularia minor L. Perennial. Standing and slowly flowing water. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Family 98. Verbenaceae Genus 442. Verbena L. 1435. Verbena officinalis L. Perennial. River valleys, ravines, gardens, meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fallow lands, fine-earth slopes, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, poisonous, weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Family 99. Lamiaceae [Labiatae] Genus 443. Teucrium L. 1436. Teucrium scordium subsp. scordioides (Schreb.) Arcang. [Teucrium scordioides Schreb.] Perennial. Wet places, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul. Medicinal, essential oil, poisonous, insecticide. Genus 444. Scutellaria L. 1437. Scutellaria adenostegia Briq. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes, dry riverbeds. Montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. 1438. Scutellaria comosa Juz. Figure 374 Semishrub. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 374 Scutellaria comosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1439. Scutellaria cordifrons Juz. Figure 375 Semishrub. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, ravines. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 383 384 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 375 Scutellaria cordifrons (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1440. Scutellaria galericulata L. Perennial. Banks of rivers, riparian forests, fields, wet slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, dye, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1441. Scutellaria glabrata Vved. Semishrub. Stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1442. Scutellaria immaculata Nevski ex Juz. Figure 376 Semishrub. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 376 Scutellaria immaculata (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1443. Scutellaria intermedia Popov Semishrub. Stony and gravelly slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1444. Scutellaria oxystegia Juz. Semishrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes, banks of rivers. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar. Essential oil, meliferous, alkaloid-bearing. 385 386 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1445. Scutellaria phyllostachya Juz. Semishrub. Stony slopes, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1446. Scutellaria ramosissima Popov Figure 377 Semishrub. Stony slopes, screes, dry riverbeds. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 377 Scutellaria ramosissima (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1447. Scutellaria schachristanica Juz. Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Alpine zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1448. Scutellaria squarrosa Nevski Semishrub. Rocks, stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 445. Drepanocaryum Pojark. 1449. Drepanocaryum sewerzowii (Regel) Pojark. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, shady places, gardens. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Genus 446. Marrubium L. 1450. Marrubium anisodon K. Koch Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles, fallow lands, roadsides, banks of canals, wastelands, fields, surroundings of wells and sheepyards. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, essential oil, meliferous, weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 447. Sideritis L. 1451. Sideritis montana L. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, rocks, pebbles, fields. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, food, meliferous. Genus 448. Lophanthus Adans. 1452. Lophanthus ouroumitanensis (Franch.) Kochk. & Zuckerw. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, juniper forests. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. 1453. Lophanthus schtschurowskianus (Regel) Lipsky Figure 378 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. Figure 378 Lophanthus schtschurowskianus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1454. Lophanthus subnivalis Lipsky Perennial. Rocks, stony slopes, pebbles, moraines. Montane and alpine zone. North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. Genus 449. Nepeta L. 1455. Nepeta alatavica Lipsky Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. 1456. Nepeta bracteata Benth. Annual. Stony and gravelly slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Essential oil, 387 388 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN meliferous. 1457. Nepeta cataria L. Perennial. Meadows, banks of rivers and canals, stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. 1458. Nepeta kokanica Regel Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, rocks. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. 1459. Nepeta mariae Regel Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. 1460. Nepeta maussarifii Lipsky Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. 1461. Nepeta micrantha Bunge Annual. Gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. 1462. Nepeta nuda L. (Nepeta pannonica L.) Perennial. Meadows, pebbles, fine-earth slopes. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Essential oil, medicinal, meliferous. 1463. Nepeta olgae Regel Perennial. Stony slopes, pebbles, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, medicinal, meliferous. 1464. Nepeta podostachys Benth. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. 1465. Nepeta pungens (Bunge) Benth. Annual. Stony and gravelly slopes, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. 1466. Nepeta saturejoides Boiss. Annual. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. 1467. Nepeta ucranica L. Perennial. Pebbles, banks of rivers. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. Genus 450. Dracocephalum L. 1468. Dracocephalum diversifolium Rupr. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous. 1469. Dracocephalum imberbe Bunge Perennial. Rocks, screes, moraines, stony slopes, wet places near melting snow. Alpine zone. North MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Turkestan. 1470. Dracocephalum nodulosum Rupr. Semishrub. Rocks, stony slopes, screes, moraines. Montane and alpine zones, Nuratau, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous. 1471. Dracocephalum nuratavicum Adylov Figure 379 Semishrub. Stony and gravelly slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau. Ornamental. Endemic to the Nuratau Mountains. Figure 379 Dracocephalum nuratavicum (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 1472. Dracocephalum scrobiculatum Regel Semishrub. Stony slopes, moraines. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Genus 451. Kudrjaschevia Pojark. 1473. Kudrjaschevia jacubi (Lipsky) Pojark. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 452. Lallemantia Fisch. & C. A. Mey. 1474. Lallemantia royleana (Benth.) Benth. Figure 380 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, essential oil. 389 390 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 380 Lallemantia royleana (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 453. Hypogomphia Bunge 1475. Hypogomphia turkestana Bunge [Hypogomphia turkestanica Regel] Figure 381 Annual. Clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Figure 381 Hypogomphia turkestana (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 454. Prunella L. 1476. Prunella vulgaris L. Perennial. Swamps, meadows, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, pebbles, stony and gravelly slopes, wet places. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, 391 392 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder, ornamental, meliferous. Genus 455. Phlomoides Moench 1477. Phlomoides ambigua (Popov ex Pazij & Vved.) Adylov, Kamelin & Makhm. Figure 382 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Meliferous, ornamental. Figure 382 Phlomoides ambigua (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1478. Phlomoides anisochila (Pazij & Vved.) Salmaki Figure 383 Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Endemic to the Nuratau ridge. UzbRDB 1. Figure 383 Phlomoides anisochila (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 393 394 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1479. Phlomoides canescens (Regel) Adylov, Kamelin & Makhm. Figure 384 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Meliferous, ornamental. Figure 384 Phlomoides canescens (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1480. Phlomoides eriocalyx (Regel) Adylov, Kamelin & Makhm. Figure 385 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. Meliferous, ornamental. Figure 385 Phlomoides eriocalyx (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1481. Phlomoides kaufmanniana (Regel) Adylov, Kamelin & Makhm. Figure 386 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Meliferous, ornamental. Figure 386 Phlomoides kaufmanniana (photography by Natalya Beshko) 395 396 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1482. Phlomoides labiosa (Bunge) Adylov, Kamelin & Makhm. Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous, ornamental. 1483. Phlomoides napuligera (Franch.) Adylov, Kamelin & Makhm. Figure 387 Perennial. Piedmont plains, gravelly, fine-earth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Meliferous, ornamental. Figure 387 Phlomoides napuligera (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1484. Phlomoides oreophila (Kar. & Kir.) Adylov, Kamelin & Makhm. [Phlomoides dszumrutensis (Afan.) Adylov, Kamelin & Makhm.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Meliferous, ornamental. 1485. Phlomoides sogdiana (Pazij & Vved.) Salmaki Figure 388 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Meliferous, ornamental. Figure 388 Phlomoides sogdiana (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1486. Phlomoides speciosa (Rupr.) Adylov, Kamelin & Makhm. Figure 389 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Meliferous, ornamental. Figure 389 Phlomoides speciosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1487. Phlomoides uniflora (Regel) Adylov, Kamelin & Makhm. Figure 390 Perennial. Sandy, clayey and gravelly soils. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous, ornamental. 397 398 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 390 Phlomoides uniflora (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 456. Phlomis L. 1488. Phlomis linearifolia Zakirov Figure 391 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. Figure 391 Phlomis linearifolia (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1489. Phlomis nubilans Zakirov Figure 392 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone, Nuratau. Essential oil, meliferous. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. Endemic to the Nuratau Mountains. Figure 392 Phlomis nubilans (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 399 400 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1490. Phlomis olgae Regel Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. 1491. Phlomis salicifolia Regel Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. 1492. Phlomis thapsoides Bunge Figure 393 Perennial. Piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, meliferous. Figure 393 Phlomis thapsoides (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 457. Stachyopsis Popov & Vved. 1493. Stachyopsis oblongata (Schrenk) Popov & Vved. Figure 394 Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Figure 394 Stachyopsis oblongata (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 458. Lamium L. 1494. Lamium album L. Figure 395 Perennial. Shady wet places, banks of rivers and canals, gardens, stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 395 Lamium album (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1495. Lamium amplexicaule L. Figure 396 Annual or biennial. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, fallow lands, fields, gardens, roadsides, banks of rivers and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, meliferous. Figure 396 Lamium amplexicaule (photography by Natalya Beshko) 401 402 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 459. Leonurus L. 1496. Leonurus glaucescens Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, ravines, banks of rivers. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 1497. Leonurus turkestanicus V. I. Krecz. & Kuprian. Figure 397 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, ravines, river valleys, shady wet places. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous. Figure 397 Leonurus turkestanicus (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 460. Lagochilus Bunge ex Benth. 1498. Lagochilus inebrians Bunge Figure 398 Semishrub. Clay deserts, piedmont plains, stony slopes, pebbles. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. Medicinal. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. Figure 398 Lagochilus inebrians (photography by Natalya Beshko) 403 404 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1499. Lagochilus olgae Kamelin Figure 399 Semishrub. Stony and gravelly slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. UzbRDB 2. Endemic to the Nuratau ridge. Figure 399 Lagochilus olgae (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 1500. Lagochilus proskorjakovii Ikramov Figure 400 Semishrub. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal. Threatened species, UzbRDB 1. Endemic to the Nuratau ridge. Figure 400 Lagochilus proskorjakovii (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1501. Lagochilus seravschanicus Knorring Semishrub. Stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. Genus 461. Stachys L. 1502. Stachys hissarica Regel Figure 401 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, river valleys. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, meliferous. Figure 401 Stachys hissarica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1503. Stachys setifera C. A. Mey. Figure 402 Perennial. Wet places, pebbles, river valleys, fine-earth and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, meliferous. Figure 402 Stachys setifera (photography by Natalya Beshko) 405 406 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 462. Chamaesphacos Schrenk 1504. Chamaesphacos ilicifolius Schrenk Annual. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Figure 403 Figure 403 Chamaesphacos ilicifolius (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 463. Salvia L. 1505. Salvia aequidens Botsch. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Aktau, North Turkestan. 1506. Salvia deserta Schangin Figure 404 Perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, fine-earth slopes, meadows. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 404 Salvia deserta (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1507. Salvia glabricaulis Pobed. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Essential oil, ornamental, meliferous. 1508. Salvia macrosiphon Boiss. Perennial. River valleys, dry riverbeds, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, ornamental, meliferous. 1509. Salvia sarawschanica Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Dry riverbeds, rocks, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, ornamental, meliferous. 1510. Salvia sclarea L. Figure 405 Perennial. River valleys, banks of canals, dry riverbeds, ravines, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, 407 408 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN wastelands, fallow lands, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, essential oil, food, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 405 Salvia sclarea (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1511. Salvia spinosa L. Figure 406 Perennial. Clayey and gravelly soils, pebbles, dry riverbeds, stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, essential oil, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 406 Salvia spinosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1512. Salvia submutica Botsch. & Vved. Figure 407 Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau. Essential oil, ornamental, meliferous. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. Endemic to the Nuratau ridge. Figure 407 Salvia submutica (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 1513. Salvia virgata Jacq. Perennial. River valleys, ravines, gardens, meadows, stream banks, fine-earth slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, ornamental, meliferous. Genus 464. Perovskia Kar. 1514. Perovskia angustifolia Kudrjasch. Semishrub. Dry riverbeds, pebbles, stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, dye, meliferous. 1515. Perovskia botschantzevii Kovalevsk. & Koczk. Semishrub. Stony slopes, pebbles, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, essential oil, dye, meliferous. 1516. Perovskia kudrjaschevii Gorschk. & Pjataeva Semishrub. Pebbles, banks of rivers, stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, dye, meliferous. 1517. Perovskia scrophulariifolia Bunge Semishrub. Banks of rivers, rocks, screes, stony slopes, pebbles, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, dye, meliferous. 409 410 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 465. Ziziphora L. 1518. Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. Figure 408 Semishrub. Rocks, stony slopes, screes, banks of rivers, pebbles. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, food (spice-aromatic), meliferous. Figure 408 Ziziphora clinopodioides (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1519. Ziziphora pamiroalaica Juz. Semishrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, food (spice-aromatic), meliferous. 1520. Ziziphora suffruticosa Pazij & Vved. Semishrub. Stony slopes, pebbles. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, food (spice-aromatic), meliferous. 1521. Ziziphora tenuior L. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, river valleys, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, essential oil, food (spice-aromatic), meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 466. Clinopodium L. 1522. Clinopodium alpinum (L.) Kuntze [Acinos rotundiflorus Friv. ex Walp.] Annual. Stony slopes, pebbles. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. 1523. Clinopodium debile (Bunge) Kuntze [Antonia debilis (Bunge) Vved.] Annual. Stony slopes, shady wet places, dry riverbeds. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 467. Hyssopus L. 1524. Hyssopus seravschanicus (Dubj.) Pazij Figure 409 Semishrub. Stony slopes, rocks, pebbles, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, food (spice-aromatic), meliferous. Figure 409 Hyssopus seravschanicus (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 468. Origanum L. 1525. Origanum vulgare subsp. gracile (K. Koch) Ietsw. [Origanum tyttanthum Gontsch.] Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, pebbles. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, food, meliferous. Genus 469. Thymus L. 1526. Thymus seravschanicus Klokov Figure 410 Semishrub. Stony and gravelly slopes, screes, pebbles, rocks, alpine meadows. Montane and 411 412 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, food (spice-aromatic), meliferous. Figure 410 Thymus seravschanicus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1527. Thymus subnervosus Vved., Nabiev & Tulyag. Semishrub. Rocks, stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Essential oil, meliferous. Genus 470. Lycopus L. 1528. Lycopus europaeus L. Perennial. Wet places, swamps, banks of rivers and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, essential oil, tanniferous, dye, meliferous. Genus 471. Mentha L. 1529. Mentha longifolia var. asiatica (Boriss.) Rech. f. Perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, wet places. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, essential oil, food, fodder, MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] ornamental, meliferous. 1530. Mentha pamiroalaica Boriss. Perennial. Wet places, banks of rivers. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, food, fodder, ornamental, meliferous. Family 100. Mazaceae Genus 472. Dodartia L. 1531. Dodartia orientalis L. Figure 411 Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, wastelands, fallow lands, fields, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, meliferous, ornamental, insecticide. Figure 411 Dodartia orientalis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 413 414 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Family 101. Orobanchaceae Genus 473. Orobanche L. 1532. *Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. [Phelipanche aegyptiaca (Pers.) Pom.] Perennial. Fields, gardens, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Poisonous, weed. Parasite. Host plants are different vegetables, field crops, ornamental plants, and rarely wild growing species. 1533. Orobanche amoena C. A. Mey. ex Ledeb. Perennial. Piedmont plains, fine-earth and stony slopes, fallow lands, rocks, screes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Parasite. Host plants are representatives of genera Artemisia and Alhagi. 1534. Orobanche cernua Loefl. Perennial. Sandy deserts, piedmont plains, banks of canals, fields, roadsides, riparian forests, screes, fineearth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. Parasite. Host plants are sunflowers, Karelinia caspica, representatives of genera Artemisia, Lactuca, Scariola, Cousinia, Carthamus, and species of Solanaceae. 1535. Orobanche coelestis (Reut.) Boiss. & Reut. ex Beck [Phelipanche coelestis (Reut.) Soják] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Parasite. Host plants are representatives of genera Artemisia, Cousinia, Scorsonera and Centaurea. 1536. Orobanche elatior Sutton Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Parasite. Host plants are representatives of family Asteraceae (Echinops, Centaurea, Artemisia, etc.). 1537. Orobanche gigantea (Beck) Gontsch. Perennial. Rocks, screes, fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Weed. Parasite. Host plants are representatives of family Apiaceae (Ferula, Schrenkia, etc.). 1538. Orobanche hansii A. Kern Perennial. Piedmont plains, fallow lands, pebbles, stony slopes, sandy and clay deserts. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. Parasite. Host plants are representatives of genera Artemisia, Inula, Tussilago and Cousinia. 1539. Orobanche orientalis Beck [Phelipanche orientalis (Beck) Soják] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Parasite. Host plants are wild almonds (Prunus bucharica, Prunus spinosissima). 1540. Orobanche pallens F. W. Schultz [Phelipanche pallens (Bunge) Soják] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Parasite. Host plants are species of Artemisia. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1541. Orobanche sulphurea Gontsch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Weed. Parasite. Host plant is Crambe kotschyana. Genus 474. Cistanche Hoffmanns. & Link. 1542. Cistanche mongolica Beck Perennial. Saline lands, banks of lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. Parasite. Host plants are species of Tamarix. 1543. Cistanche salsa (C. A. Mey.) Beck Figure 412 Perennial. Saline lands, sandy deserts, fallow lands, banks of lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, fodder, weed. Parasite. Host plants are species of Haloxylon, Salsola, Anabasis, Kalidium, Atriplex, Calligonum. Figure 412 Cistanche salsa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 415 416 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 475. Leptorhabdos Schrenk ex Fisch. et C. A. Mey. 1544. Leptorhabdos parviflora (Benth.) Benth. Annual. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, sandy soils, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 476. Euphrasia L. 1545. Euphrasia pectinata Ten. Annual. Meadows, fine-earth slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous. 1546. Euphrasia regelii Wettst. Annual. Meadows, fine-earth slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous. Genus 477. Parentucellia Viv. 1547. Parentucellia flaviflora (Boiss.) Nevski Figure 413 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains, clay desert. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Figure 413 Parentucellia flaviflora (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 478. Pedicularis L. 1548. Pedicularis dolichorrhiza Schrenk Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal. 1549. Pedicularis krylovii Bonati Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones, North Turkestan. 1550. Pedicularis olgae Regel Figure 414 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 414 Pedicularis olgae (photography by Natalya Beshko) 417 418 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1551. Pedicularis peduncularis Popov Perennial. Swamp meadows, swamps. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1552. Pedicularis popovii Vved. Figure 415 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Figure 415 Pedicularis popovii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1553. Pedicularis rhinanthoides Schrenk Perennial. Swamp meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1554. Pedicularis sarawschanica Regel Perennial. Wet stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1555. Pedicularis waldheimii Bonati Perennial. Screes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Family 102. Campanulaceae Genus 479. Campanula L. 1556. Campanula cashmeriana Royle Perennial. Rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous, MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] ornamental. 1557. Campanula fedtschenkoana Trautv. Perennial. Wet places near melting snow, stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1558. Campanula glomerata L. Figure 416 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous, ornamental. Figure 416 Campanula glomerata (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1559. Campanula lehmanniana Bunge Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 480. Asyneuma Griseb. & Schrenk 1560. Asyneuma argutum (Regel) Bornm. Figure 417 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. 419 420 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 417 Asyneuma argutum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1561. Asyneuma trautvetteri (B. Fedtsch.) Bornm. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 481. Sergia Al. Fed. 1562. Sergia regelii (Trautv.) Al. Fed. Figure 418 Perennial. Rocks. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 418 Sergia regelii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 421 422 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 482. Cylindrocarpa Regel 1563. Cylindrocarpa sewerzowii (Regel) Regel Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 483. Codonopsis Wall. 1564. Codonopsis clematidea (Schrenk) C. B. Clarke Perennial. Banks of streams, stony slopes, wet places near springs, meadows. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. Family 103. Asteraceae [Compositae] Genus 484. *Cichorium L. 1565. *Cichorium intybus L. Perennial. Fallow lands, wastelands, river valleys, pebbles, fine-earth and stony slopes, fields, gardens, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, fodder, food, weed, meliferous. Genus 485. Picris L. 1566. Picris nuristanica Bornm. Annual or biennial. Pebbles, river valleys, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Meliferous. Genus 486. Garhadiolus Jaub. & Spach 1567. Garhadiolus hedypnois Jaub. & Spach [Garhadiolus angulosus Jaub. & Spach] Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, pebbles, river valleys, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1568. Garhadiolus papposus Boiss. & Buhse Annual. Saline lands, sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, pebbles, river valleys, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 487. Launaea Cass. 1569. Launaea korovinii (Popov) Pavlov [Rhabdotheca korovinii (Popov) Kirp.] Annual. Sandy desert. Plain. Kyzylkum. 1570. Launaea procumbens (Roxb.) Ramayya & Rajagopal [Paramicrorhynchus procumbens (Roxb.) Kipr.] Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fields, fallow lands, roadsides. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. Genus 488. Chondrilla L. 1571. Chondrilla aspera (Schrad. ex Will.) Poir. Perennial or Biennial. Clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles, banks of rivers and canals. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. 1572. Chondrilla lejosperma Kar. & Kir. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, pebbles, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Fodder. Genus 489. Heteroderis (Bunge) Boiss. 1573. Heteroderis pusilla (Boiss.) Boiss. Annual. Sandy deserts, saline lands. Plain. Kyzylkum. Genus 490. Lactuca L. 1574. Lactuca crambifolia (Bunge) Boiss. [Steptorhamphus crambifolius Bunge] Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1575. Lactuca dissecta D. Don. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, shady wet places, banks of rivers, roadsides, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1576. Lactuca glauciifolia Boiss. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, pebbles, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan, Mirzachul. 1577. Lactuca orientalis (Boiss.) Boiss. [Scariola orientalis (Boiss.) Sojăk] Semishrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, pebbles, dry riverbeds. Plain, 423 424 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1578. Lactuca serriola Torner [Lactuca altaica Fisch. & C. A. Mey.] Annual or biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, roadsides, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fallow lands, wastelands, fields, gardens, settlements. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, food, fodder, oil, weed, rubberbearing. 1579. Lactuca soongorica Regel [Cephalorrhynchus soongoricus (Regel) Kovalevsk.] Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1580. Lactuca spinidens Nevski Annual or biennial. Stony slopes, fields, fallow lands. Nuratau. 1581. Lactuca tatarica (L.) C. A. Mey. Perennial. Saline lands, pebbles, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fields, fallow lands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1582. Lactuca undulata Ledeb. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, saline lands, pebbles, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, gardens, fallow lands, roadsides. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Genus 491. Kovalevskiella Kamelin 1583. Kovalevskiella zeravschanica (Popov & Kovalevsk) Kamelin Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Genus 492. Crepidifolium Sennikov 1584. Crepidifolium serawschanicum (B. Fedtsch.) Sennikov [Youngia serawschanica (B. Fedtsch.) Babc. & Stebbins] Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Genus 493. *Sonchus L. 1585. *Sonchus arvensis L. Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, meadows, wastelands, fallow lands, fields, gardens, settlements. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, food, fodder, weed, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1586. *Sonchus asper (L.) Hill Annual. Fallow lands, fields, roadsides, wastelands, settlements. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Food, fodder, weed, meliferous. 1587. *Sonchus oleraceus (L.) L. Annual. Fallow lands, fields, roadsides, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, wastelands, settlements. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, food, fodder, weed, meliferous. 1588. *Sonchus palustris L. Perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, swamps, wet places, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, meliferous. Genus 494. Taraxacum F. H. Wigg. 1589. Taraxacum bessarabicum (Hornem.) Hand.-Mazz. Perennial. Meadows, swamps, pebbles, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fallow lands, wet places. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous. 1590. Taraxacum bicorne Dahlst Perennial. Meadows, saline lands, depressions, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fallow lands, fields, roadsides. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous, weed. 1591. Taraxacum brevirostre Hand.-Mazz. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, alpine meadows. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1592. Taraxacum contristans Kovalevsk. Perennial. Wet places, saline lands, roadsides, banks of canals, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Malguzar, Mirzachul. Meliferous, weed. 1593. Taraxacum ecornutum Kovalevsk. Perennial. Banks of rivers and canals, roadsides, fields, fallow lands, ravines. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Meliferous, weed. 1594. Taraxacum elongatum Kovalevsk. Perennial. Banks of rivers, meadows, swamps, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Meliferous. 1595. Taraxacum erostre Zakirov Perennial. Rocks, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1596. Taraxacum glaucivirens Schischk. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 425 426 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1597. Taraxacum maracandicum Kovalevsk. Perennial. Wet places, banks of rivers and canals, meadows, fine-earth slopes, roadsides, settlements. Plain, foothills, Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1598. Taraxacum marginatum (Dahlst.) Raunk. [Taraxacum reflexum (Brenner) Hjelt] Perennial. Stony slopes, screes, wet places, swamps, meadows. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 1599. Taraxacum minutilobium Popov ex Kovalevsk. Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, moraines, rocks, screes, banks of rivers. Alpine zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1600. Taraxacum modestum Schischk. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, wet places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1601. Taraxacum monochlamydeum Hand.-Mazz. Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, piedmont plains, gardens, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, wastelands, banks of rivers and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Meliferous. 1602. Taraxacum nevskii Juz. Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1603. Taraxacum nuratavicum Schischk. Perennial. Wet places, swamps, banks of rivers. Montane zone. Nuratau. Meliferous. 1604. *Taraxacum officinale (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg. Perennial. Banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fallow lands, wastelands, gardens, settlements. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, food, fodder, meliferous. 1605. Taraxacum popovii Kovalevsk. ex Vainberg Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, moraines, alpine meadows, screes, wet places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1606. Taraxacum repandum Pavlov Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1607. Taraxacum sonchoides (D. Don) Sch. Bip. [Taraxacum montanum (C. A. Mey.) DC.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds, pebbles. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Meliferous. 1608. Taraxacum strobilocephalum Kovalevsk. Perennial. Wet places, banks of rivers and canals. Malguzar. Genus 495. Heteracia Fisch. & C. A. Mey. 1609. Heteracia szovitzii Fisch. & C. A. Mey. [Heteracia epapposa (Regel & Schmalh.) Popov] Annual. River valleys, sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Genus 496. Crepis L. 1610. Crepis kotschyana (Boiss.) Boiss. [Barkhausia kotschyana Boiss.] Annual. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1611. Crepis multicaulis Ledeb. Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes, pebbles, moraines, river valleys, wet places. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1612. Crepis pulchra L. [Phaecasium pulchrum (L.) Reich. f.] Figure 419 Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, banks of rivers and canals, shady wet places, gardens, roadsides, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Figure 419 Crepis pulchra (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 497. Pilosella Hill 1613. Pilosella echioides (Lumn.) F. W. Schultz & Sch. Bip. [Hieracium echioides Lumn.] Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. 427 428 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1614. Pilosella procera (Fr.) F. W. Schultz & Sch. Bip. [Hieracium procerum Fr.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, meadows, ravines. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Genus 498. Hieracium L. 1615. Hieracium raddeanum subsp. regelianum (Zahn) Greuter [Hieracium regelianum Zahn] Perennial. Juniper forests, meadows, river valleys. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 1616. Hieracium robustum Fr. Perennial. Meadows, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Weed. 1617. Hieracium virosum Pall. Figure 420 Perennial. Meadows, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Weed. Figure 420 Hieracium virosum (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 499. Acanthocephalus Kar. & Kir. 1618. Acanthocephalus amplexifolius Kar. & Kir. Annual. Saline lands, river valleys, dry riverbeds, ravines, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1619. Acanthocephalus benthamianus Regel Annual. River valleys, banks of canals, gardens, roadsides, ravines, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. Genus 500. Scorzonera L. 1620. Scorzonera acanthoclada Franch. Semishrub. Gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. fodder, rubberbearing. 1621. Scorzonera bracteosa C. Winkl. Figure 421 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. Figure 421 Scorzonera bracteosa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1622. Scorzonera circumflexa Krasch. & Lipsch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, clay deserts. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. 1623. Scorzonera hissarica C. Winkl. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1624. Scorzonera inconspicua Lipsch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, banks of rivers. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. 1625. Scorzonera litwinowii Krasch. & Lipsch. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Rubber-bearing, 429 430 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN meliferous. 1626. Scorzonera ovata Trautv. Figure 422 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. Figure 422 Scorzonera ovata (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1627. Scorzonera songarica (Kar. & Kir.) Lipsch. & Vassilcz. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 1628. Scorzonera tragopogonoides Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones, Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. Genus 501. Takhtajaniantha Nazarova 1629. Takhtajaniantha pusilla (Pall.) Nazarova [Scorzonera pusilla Pall.] Figure 423 Perennial. Saline lands, sandy and clay deserts, dry riverbeds, stony slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. Figure 423 Takhtajaniantha pusilla (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 502. Epilasia (Bunge) Benth. & Hook. f. 1630. Epilasia acrolasia (Bunge) Lipsch. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 431 432 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1631. Epilasia hemilasia (Bunge) C. B. Clarke Figure 424 Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, roadsides, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Figure 424 Epilasia hemilasia (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1632. Epilasia mirabilis Lipsch. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, fields, fallow lands. Plain. Mirzachul. Genus 503. Tragopogon L. 1633. Tragopogon capitatus S. A. Nikitin Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. 1634. Tragopogon conduplicatus S.A. Nikitin Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. 1635. Tragopogon kultiassovii Popov ex S. A. Nikitin Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Rubber- MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] bearing, meliferous. 1636. Tragopogon malikus S. A. Nikitin Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. 1637. Tragopogon porrifolius subsp. longirostris (Sch. Bip.) Greuter [Tragopogon kraschennikovii S. A. Nikitin] Figure 425 Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, fallow lands, fields. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. Figure 425 Tragopogon porrifolius subsp. longirostris (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1638. Tragopogon pseudomajor S. A. Nikitin Biennial. Piedmont plains, fine-earth and stony slopes, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. 1639. Tragopogon turkestanicus S. A. Nikitin ex Pavlov Biennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. 1640. Tragopogon vvedenskyi Popov ex Pavlov Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, ravines. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Rubber-bearing, meliferous. Genus 504. Koelpinia Pall. 1641. Koelpinia linearis Pall. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North 433 434 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed, meliferous. 1642. Koelpinia macrantha C. Winkl. Annual. Sandy deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed, meliferous. 1643. Koelpinia tenuissima Pavlov & Lipsch. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed, meliferous. 1644. Koelpinia turanica Vassilcz. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed, meliferous. Genus 505. Echinops L. 1645. Echinops knorringianus Iljin Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills. North Turkestan. 1646. Echinops leucographus Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains. 1647. Echinops maracandicus Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, screes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1648. Echinops nanus Bunge Annual or biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. 1649. Echinops nuratavicus A. D. Li Figure 426 Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau. Figure 426 Echinops nuratavicus (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 506. Chardinia Desf. 1650. Chardinia orientalis (L.) Kuntze Annual. Clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Genus 507. Xeranthemum L. 1651. Xeranthemum longepapposum Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. Piedmont plains, fallow lands, pebbles, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Genus 508. Carduus L. 1652. Carduus pycnocephalus subsp. albidus (M. Bieb.) Kazmi [Carduus albidus M. Bieb.] Annual. River valleys, dry riverbeds, banks of canals, gardens, roadsides, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed, meliferous. 1653. Carduus nutans L. Biennial or perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, banks of rivers and canals, wet places, fallow lands, wastelands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, food, weed, meliferous. Genus 509. Picnomon Adans. 1654. Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass. Annual or biennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, wastelands, roadsides, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. Genus 510. Onopordum L. 1655. Onopordum acantium L. Biennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, ravines, wastelands, fallow lands, river valleys, banks of canals, fields, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, oil, weed, fodder, meliferous. 435 436 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1656. Onopordum leptolepis DC. Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, river valleys, fallow lands, fields, roadsides, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. Genus 511. Cirsium Mill. 1657. Cirsium alatum (S. C. Gmel.) Bobrov Perennial. Meadows, saline lands, wet places, banks of rivers and canals, piedmont plains, ravines, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar. Weed. 1658. Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. [Cirsium ochrolepidium Juz.] Perennial. Sandy deserts, fallow lands, fields, banks of rivers and canals, wet places, meadows, riparian forests, fine-earth slopes, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, poisonous, oil, weed, meliferous. 1659. Cirsium brevipapposum Czerniak. Perennial. Swamps, wet places near springs. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1660. Cirsium esculentum (Siev.) C. A. Mey. Perennial. Wet places, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, meadows, fine-earth slopes, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, weed, meliferous. 1661. Cirsium semenovii Regel Biennial or perennial. Stony slopes, pebbles, screes, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1662. Cirsium straminispinum C. Jeffrey ex Cufod [Cirsium polyacanthum Hochst. ex Kar. & Kir.] Biennial or perennial. Fine-earth slopes, ravines, wet places. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Weed, meliferous. 1663. Cirsium turkestanicum (Regel) Petr. Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, river valleys, swamps, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed, meliferous. 1664. Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. Biennial. Wet places, banks of rivers and canals, fallow lands, fields, wastelands, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, food, weed, meliferous. Genus 512. Arctium L. 1665. Arctium aureum (C. Winkl.) Kuntze [Cousinia aurea C. Winkl.] Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau Relic Mountains, MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder. 1666. Arctium chloranthum (Kult.) S. López, Romasch., Susanna & N.Garcia [Cousinia chlorantha Kult.] Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1667. Arctium haesitabundum (Juz.) S. López, Romasch., Susanna & N.Garcia [Cousinia haesitabunda Juz.] Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone, Nuratau, Malguzar. UzbRDB 1. 1668. Arctium karatavicum (Regel & Schmalh.) Kuntze [Cousinia karatavica Regel & Schmalh.] Figure 427 Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. Figure 427 Arctium karatavicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1669. Arctium korolkowii (Regel & Schmalh.) Kuntze [Cousinia korolkowii Regel & Schmalh.] Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. 1670. Arctium leiospermum Juz. & Ye.V. Serg. Biennial. River valleys, banks of canals, roadsides, wet places, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, weed, meliferous. 437 438 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1671. Arctium pallidivirens (Kult.) S. Lopez, Romanschenko, Susanna & N. Garcia [Anura pallidivirens (Kult.) Tscherneva] Figure 428 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. UzbRDB 1. Endemic to the Nuratau Mountains. Figure 428 Arctium pallidivirens (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 513. Cousinia L. 1672. Cousinia alpina Bunge Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1673. Cousinia ambigens Juz. Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills. Nuratau. 1674. Cousinia botschantzevii Juz. ex Tscherneva Figure 429 Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau. Endemic to the Nuratau Mountains. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 429 Cousinia botschantzevii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1675. Cousinia bungeana Regel & Schmalh. Annual. Clay deserts. Plain. Mirzachul. 1676. Cousinia coronata Franch. Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1677. Cousinia dissectifolia Kult. Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. 1678. Cousinia dshisakensis Kult. Figure 430 Biennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. UzbRDB 2. 439 440 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 430 Cousinia dshisakensis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1679. Cousinia dubia Popov Biennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1680. Cousinia eriotricha Juz. Figure 431 Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 431 Cousinia eriotricha (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1681. Cousinia franchetii C. Winkl. Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 1682. Cousinia hamadae Juz. Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains. 1683. Cousinia horridula Juz. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1684. Cousinia integrifolia Franch. Biennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1685. Cousinia lappacea Schrenk Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1686. Cousinia microcarpa Boiss. Figure 432 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, banks of canals, fallow lands, fields, roadsides, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Meliferous, weed. Figure 432 Cousinia microcarpa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1687. Cousinia mollis Schrenk Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, sandy and clay deserts, fallow lands, river valleys. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1688. Cousinia olgae Regel & Schmalh. Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1689. Cousinia outichaschensis Franch. Biennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1690. Cousinia oxiana Tscherneva Biennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. 1691. Cousinia polytimetica Tscherneva Annual. Piedmont plain, river valleys. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. 1692. Cousinia prolifera Jaub. & Spach. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, piedmont plains, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. 441 442 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1693. Cousinia pseudodshisakensis Tscherneva & Vved. Biennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1694. Cousinia pygmaea C. Winkl. Biennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, fallow lands. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1695. Cousinia radians Bunge Figure 433 Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed, meliferous. Figure 433 Cousinia radians (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1696. Cousinia regelii C. Winkl. Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills. Aktau. 1697. Cousinia resinosa Juz. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains, sandy and clay deserts, roadsides, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed, meliferous. 1698. Cousinia schtschurowskiana Regel & Schmalh. Figure 434 Biennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 434 Cousinia schtschurowskiana (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1699. Cousinia simulatrix C. Winkl. Biennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, ravines. Montane zone. Nuratau. 1700. Cousinia sogdiana Bornm. Figure 435 Biennial. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Figure 435 Cousinia sogdiana (photography by Natalya Beshko) 443 444 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1701. Cousinia spiridonovii Juz. Perennial. Clay deserts, river valleys, banks of canals, fallow lands. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul. 1702. Cousinia tenella Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, piedmont plains, river valleys, fields, roadsides, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1703. Cousinia umbrosa Bunge Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, river valleys, shady wet places. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, weed, meliferous. 1704. Cousinia verticillaris Bunge Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes. Alpine zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1705. Cousinia xanthina Bornm. Perennial. Fine-earth slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Genus 514. Lipskyella Juz. 1706. Lipskyella annua (C. Winkl.) Juz. Annual. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Genus 515. Saussurea DC. 1707. Saussurea elegans Ledeb. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, meadows, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. 1708. Saussurea salsa (Pall. ex Pall.) Spreng. Perennial. Saline lands, banks or rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul. Genus 516. Jurinea Cass. 1709. Jurinea abramowii Regel & Herder Perennial. Stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1710. Jurinea androssovii Iljin Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1711. Jurinea ferganica (Iljin) Iljin Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1712. Jurinea helichrysifolia Popov ex Iljin Figure 436 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, NorthTurkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 436 Jurinea helichrysifolia (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1713. Jurinea kokanica Iljin Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. 1714. Jurinea komarovii Iljin Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1715. Jurinea lasiopoda Trautv. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains. 445 446 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1716. Jurinea maxima C. Winkl. Figure 437 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. Figure 437 Jurinea maxima (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1717. Jurinea olgae Regel & Schmalh. Figure 438 Perennial. Rocks, Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. Figure 438 Jurinea olgae (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1718. Jurinea suffruticosa Regel Semishrub. Piedmont plains, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. 1719. Jurinea trautvetteriana Regel & Schmalh. Figure 439 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. Figure 439 Jurinea trautvetteriana (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1720. Jurinea zakirovii Iljin Figure 440 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. UzbRDB 1. Endemic to the Nuratau Mountains. Figure 440 Jurinea zakirovii (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 447 448 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 517. Amberboa (Pers.) Less. 1721. Amberboa turanica Iljin Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Genus 518. Centaurea L. 1722. *Centaurea benedicta (L.) L. [Cnicus benedictus L.] Annual. Clay deserts, wastelands, fallow lands, fields, wet places, banks of rivers and canals. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, oil, weed. 1723. Centaurea bruguierana subsp. belangeriana (DC.) Bornm. [Centaurea belangeriana (DC.) Stapf] Annual. Sandy, clayey and skeleton soils, fields, fallow lands, wastelands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed. 1724. *Centaurea iberica Trevir. ex Spreng. Biennial. Wastelands, banks of canals, river valleys, roadsides, surroundings of settlements, fineearth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, weed. 1725. *Centaurea solstitialis L. Biennial. Fallow lands, wastelands, fields, banks of canals, surroundings of settlements, fine-earth and gravelly slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, weed. 1726. Centaurea virgata subsp. squarrosa (Boiss.) Gugler [Centaurea squarrosa Willd.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains, sandy and clay deserts, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, weed, meliferous. Genus 519. Cyanus Mill. 1727. Cyanus depressus (M. Bieb.) Soják [Centaurea depressa M. Bieb.] Annual. Fallow lands, wastelands, fields, banks of canals, fine-earth and gravelly slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous, weed. 1728. *Cyanus segetum Hill [Centaurea cyanus L.] Annual. Fallow lands, fields, wastelands, surroundings of settlements, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, poisonous, dye, ornamental, meliferous, weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 520. Rhaponticum Ludw. 1729. Rhaponticum repens (L.) Hidalgo [Acroptilon repens (L.) DC.] Perennial. Sandy and clay desets, saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, wastelands, gardens. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, poisonous, meliferous, weed. Quarantine invasive species. Genus 521. Hyalea (DC.) Jaub. & Spach 1730. Hyalea pulchella (Ledeb.) Koch Annual. Sandy desert. Plain. Kyzylkum. Figure 441 Figure 441 Hyalea pulchella (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 522. *Stizolophus Cass. 1731. *Stizolophus balsamita (Lam.) K. Koch Annual. Fields, fallow lands, roadsides, gravelly and stony slopes, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North 449 450 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, dye, weed. Genus 523. Crupina Cass. 1732. Crupina vulgaris Pers. ex Cass. [Crupina oligantha Tscherneva] Annual. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles, banks of rivers, gardens, vineyards, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Genus 524. Serratula L. 1733. Serratula algida Iljin Perennial. Rocks, gravelly and stony slopes, moraines. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Medicinal. 1734. Serratula lancifolia Zakirov Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar. UzbRDB 1. Genus 525. Carthamus L. 1735. Carthamus oxyacanthus M. Bieb. Annual. Fallow lands, wastelands, pebbles, fields, banks of rivers and canals, surroundings of settlements, stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. 1736. *Carthamus tinctorius L. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, wastelands, roadsides, fine-earth slopes (escaped from culture). Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Dye, oil, food, industrial. 1737. Carthamus turkestanicus Popov Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, wastelands, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, banks of canals, surroundings of settlements. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. Genus 526. *Eclipta L. 1738. *Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, banks of canals. Plain. Mirzachul. Weed. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 527. Bidens L. 1739. Bidens tripartita L. Annual. Wet places, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, essential oil, dye, weed. Genus 528. Senecio L. 1740. Senecio franchetii C. Winkl. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 1741. Senecio olgae Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1742. Senecio subdentatus (Bunge) Ledeb. Figure 442 Annual. Sandy deserts, saline lands, banks of rivers and canals, pebbles, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder. Figure 442 Senecio subdentatus (photography by Natalya Beshko) 451 452 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 529. Ligularia Cass. 1743. Ligularia alpigena Pojark. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, banks of rivers, swamps. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Meliferous. 1744. Ligularia heterophylla Rupr. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, banks of rivers. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Meliferous. 1745. Ligularia thomsonii (C. B. Clarke) Pojark. Figure 443 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, pebbles, moraines, subalpine meadows, swamps, banks of rivers. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Poisonous, weed, meliferous. Figure 443 Ligularia thomsonii (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 530. Tussilago L. 1746. Tussilago farfara L. Perennial. River valleys, wet places, pebbles, fine-earth slopes. Montane zone. North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 531. Karelinia Less. 1747. Karelinia caspia (Pall.) Less. Figure 444 Perennial. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, meliferous. Figure 444 Karelinia caspia (photography by Natalya Beshko） Genus 532. Inula L. 1748. Inula britannica L. Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, wet places, banks of rivers and canals, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, fodder, meliferous. 1749. Inula caspica F.K. Blum. ex Ledeb. Annual or biennial. Saline lands, banks of rivers and canals, fields. Plain, foothills. Malguzar, Mirzachul. Medicinal, meliferous. 1750. Inula glauca C. Winkl. Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1751. Inula helenium L. Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, banks of rivers, wet places. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, dye, meliferous. 1752. Inula orientalis Lam. [Inula macrophylla Kar. & Kir.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, dye, meliferous. 1753. Inula rhizocephala Schrenk Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, fodder. 453 454 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 533. Pulicaria Gaerth. 1754. Pulicaria dysenterica subsp. uliginosa Nyman [Pulicaria uliginosa Steven ex DC.] Annual. Banks of rivers and canals, wet places. North Turkestan. Poisonous, insecticide. 1755. Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent) Boiss. Perennial. Rocks, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, dry riverbeds. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. Essential oil. 1756. Pulicaria salviifolia Bunge Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, dry riverbeds, banks of rivers and canals. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil. Genus 534. Pentanema Cass. 1757. Pentanema albertoregelia (C. Winkl.) Gorschk. [Vicoa albertoregelia C. Winkl.] Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1758. Pentanema divaricatum Cass. Annual. Gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds, fields, wastelands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau. Genus 535. Helichrysum Mill. 1759. Helichrysum maracandicum Popov Figure 445 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental. Figure 445 Helichrysum maracandicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1760. Helichrysum mussae Nevski Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1761. Helichrysum nuratavicum Krasch. Figure 446 Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau. UzbRDB 2. Endemic to the Nuratau Mountains. Figure 446 Helichrysum nuratavicum (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 1762. Helichrysum tianschanicum Regel Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, banks of rivers. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Genus 536. Laphangium (Hilliard & B. L. Burtt) Tzvelev 1763. Laphangium luteoalbum (L.) Tzvelev [Gnaphalium luteoalbum L.] Annual. River valleys, wet places, banks of canals, fallow lands fields. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, fodder, ornamental, weed. Genus 537. Gnaphalium L. 1764. Gnaphalium supinum L. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 538. Leontopodium R. Br. ex Cass. 1765. Leontopodium fedtschenkoanum Beauverd Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, meadows, swamps. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental. 455 456 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 539. Filago L. 1766. Filago arvensis Lam. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, weed. 1767. Filago filaginoides (Kar. & Kir.) Wagenitz [Evax filaginoides Kar. & Kir.] Annual. Sandy deserts, saline lands, banks of lakes and canals. Plain. Kyzylkum. 1768. Filago germanica (L.) Huds. (Filago vulgaris Lam.) Annual. Gravelly and stony slopes, fields, wastelands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul. Medicinal, weed. 1769. Filago pyramidata L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, wastelands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, weed. Genus 540. Cymbolaena Smoljan. 1770. Cymbolaena griffithii (A. Gray) Wagenitz Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 541. Solidago L. 1771. Solidago kuhistanica Juz. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, banks of rivers, meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. Genus 542. Pseudolinosyris Novopokr. 1772. Pseudolinosyris grimmii (Regel & Schmalh.) Novopokr. Semishrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 543. Galatella Cass. 1773. Galatella coriacea Novopokr. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Genus 544. Kalimeris (Cass.) Cass. 1774. Kalimeris altaica (Willd.) Nees ex Fisch. Mey. & Avé-Lall. [Aster canescens (Ness) Fisjun] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, roadsides, banks of canals, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Genus 545. *Tripolium L. 1775. *Tripolium pannonicum subsp. tripolium (L.) Greuter Annual. Saline lands, banks of canals, roadsides, fields, fallow lands. Plain. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, ornamental, meliferous. Genus 546. Rhinactinidia Novopokr. 1776. Rhinactinidia popovii (Botsch.) Botsch. Perennial. Rocks, stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 547. Erigeron L. 1777. Erigeron acris L. Biennial. Meadows, fallow lands, saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, rocks, fineearth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, weed. 1778. Erigeron bellidiformis Popov Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan 1779. Erigeron cabulicus (Boiss.) Botsch. [Psychrogeton cabulicus Boiss.] Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental. 1780. *Erigeron canadensis L. [Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist] Annual. Gardens, fields, fallow lands, wastelands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, weed, meliferous. 1781. Erigeron khorossanicus Boiss. [Psychrogeton aucherii (DC.) Grierson] Biennial. Fine-earth slopes, banks of rivers and canals, fallow lands. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 457 458 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1782. Erigeron pallidus Popov Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, NorthTurkestan. 1783. Erigeron petiolaris Vierh. [Erigeron pseudoneglectus Popov] Perennial. Fine-earth slopes, subalpine and alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1784. Erigeron popovii Botsch. Biennial or perennial. Meadows, banks of rivers. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 1785. Erigeron pseudoseravschanicus Botsch. Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, banks of rivers, meadows. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1786. Erigeron seravschanicus Popov Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, shady wet places, subalpine meadows, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1787. Erigeron sogdianus Popov Perennial. Subalpine and alpine meadows, rocks, screes, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1788. Erigeron umbrosus (Kar. & Kir.) Boiss. Annual. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, shady wet places. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Genus 548. Psychrogeton Boiss. 1789. Psychrogeton amorphoglossus (Boiss.) Novopokr. [Psychrogeton leucophyllus (Bunge) Novopokr.] Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1790. Psychrogeton pseuderigeron (Bunge) Novopokr. ex Nevski Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Genus 549. Symphyotrichum Nees 1791. Symphyotrichum ciliatum (Ledeb.) G. L. Nesom [Brachyactis ciliata (Ledeb.) Ledeb.] Annual. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes and canals. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Genus 550. Lachnophyllum Bunge 1792. Lachnophyllum gossypinum Bunge Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains, clay deserts, fallow lands, pebbles, MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder. Genus 551. Anthemis L. 1793. Anthemis deserticola Krasch. & Popov Annual. Saline lands. Plain. Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Genus 552. Achillea L. 1794. Achillea arabica Kotschy [Achillea biebersteinii Afan.] Figure 447 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, river valleys, piedmont plains, fallow lands, wastelands, banks of canals. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal. Figure 447 Achillea arabica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1795. Achillea filipendulina Lam. Figure 448 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, pebbles, river valleys, fallow lands, banks of canals, gardens. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, ornamental. 459 460 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 448 Achillea filipendulina (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1796. Achillea millefolium L. Figure 449 Perennial. River valleys, fine-earth slopes, meadows. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental. Figure 449 Achillea millefolium (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1797. Achillea santolinoides subsp. wilhelmsii (K. Koch) Greuter [Achillea kermanica Gand.] Figure 450 Perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, banks of canals, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal. Figure 450 Achillea santolinoides subsp. wilhelmsii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 461 462 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 553. Handelia Heimerl 1798. Handelia trichophylla Heimerl Figure 451 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes, screes, pebbles, river valleys, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental. Figure 451 Handelia trichophylla (photography by Natalya Beshko） Genus 554. Pseudohandelia Tzvelev 1799. Pseudohandelia umbellifera (Boiss.) Tzvelev Figure 452 Biennial or perennial. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth and gravelly slopes, fallow lands. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, ornamental. Figure 452 Pseudohandelia umbellifera (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 555. Tanacetopsis (Tzvelev) Kovalevsk. 1800. Tanacetopsis karataviensis (Kovalevsk.) Kovalevsk. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau. Figure 453 Tanacetopsis karataviensis (photography by Natalya Beshko) Figure 453 463 464 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1801. Tanacetopsis mucronata (Regel & Schmalh.) Kovalevsk. Perennial. Stony slopes, rocks, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1802. Tanacetopsis urgutensis (Popov ex Tzvel.) Kovalevsk. Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 556. Lepidolopsis Poljakov 1803. Lepidolopsis turkestanica (Regel & Schmalh.) Poljakov Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, pebbles, banks of rivers. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 557. Mausolea Bunge 1804. Mausolea eriocarpa (Bunge) Poljakov ex Podlech. Figure 454 Semishrub. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Essential oil. Figure 454 Mausolea eriocarpa (photography by Natalya Beshko） MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 558. Artemisia L. 1805. Artemisia absinthium L. Annual, perennial. River valleys, banks of canals, roadsides, fallow lands, gardens, meadows, wastelands, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, food (spice-aromatic), essential oil, poisonous. 1806. *Artemisia annua L. Annual. River valleys, banks of canals, roadsides, fields, fallow lands, wastelands, gardens, surroundings of settlements. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, essential oil, insecticide, dye, weed. 1807. Artemisia cina Berg ex Poljakov Semishrub. Saline lands, dry riverbeds, sandy soils. Plain. Mirzachul. Medicinal, essential oil, poisonous. 1808. Artemisia diffusa Krasch. ex Poljakov Semishrub. Sandy and clay deserts, pebbles, saline lands, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder. 1809. Artemisia dracunculus L. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, food (spicearomatic), fodder, meliferous, weed, ornamental. 1810. Artemisia ferganensis Krasch. ex Poljakov Semishrub. Sandy and clay deserts, fallow lands, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, dry riverbeds, pebbles, screes. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder. 1811. Artemisia eremophila Krasch. & Butkov Semishrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, North Turkestan. 1812. Artemisia glanduligera Krasch. ex Poljakov Semishrub. Pebbles, cliffs, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1813. Artemisia glaucina Krasch. ex Poljakov Semishrub. Pebbles, banks of rivers and canals, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, ravines. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1814. Artemisia juncea Kar. & Kir. Figure 455 Semishrub. Dry riverbeds, river valleys, pebbles, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, essential oil. 465 466 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 455 Artemisia juncea (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1815. Artemisia lehmanniana Bunge Semishrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1816. Artemisia leucodes Schrenk Figure 456 Annual or biennial. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, banks of canals, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder, weed. Figure 456 Artemisia leucodes (photography by Natalya Beshko) 467 468 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1817. Artemisia persica Boiss. Semishrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil. 1818. Artemisia porrecta Krasch. ex Poljakov Semishrub. Banks of canals, roadsides, fallow lands, screes, dry riverbeds, pebbles, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil. 1819. Artemisia prolixa Krasch. ex Poljakov Semishrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Foothills, montane zone. NorthTurkestan. 1820. Artemisia rutifolia Stephan ex Spreng. Semishrub. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, pebbles, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil. 1821. Artemisia santolinifolia Turcz. ex Krasch. Perennial. Dry riverbeds, banks of rivers, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder. 1822. Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kitam. Figure 457 Annual or biennial. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, river valleys, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, wastelands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, essential oil, insecticide, fodder, weed. Figure 457 Artemisia scoparia (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1823. Artemisia scotina Nevski Semishrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Essential oil. 1824. Artemisia serotina Bunge Semishrub. Dry riverbeds, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder. 1825. Artemisia sieversiana Ehrh. Annual or biennial. Saline lands, banks of rivers and canals, roadsides, gardens, fields, fallow lands, wastelands. Plain. Mirzachul. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder. 1826. Artemisia sogdiana Bunge Figure 458 Semishrub. Piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder. Figure 458 Artemisia sogdiana (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1827. Artemisia subsalsa Filatova Semishrub. Saline lands, banks of rivers, lakes ands canals. Plain. Mirzachul. 1828. Artemisia tenuisecta Nevski Figure 459 Semishrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, fodder. 469 470 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 459 Artemisia tenuisecta (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1829. Artemisia tournefortiana Rchb. Annual or biennial. River valleys, banks of canals, roadsides, fine-earth slopes, fields, pebbles, wastelands, gardens, surroundings of settlements. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Weed. 1830. Artemisia turanica Krasch. Figure 460 Semishrub. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, pebbles, fine-earth, gravelly and stone slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Essential oil, fodder. Figure 460 Artemisia turanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1831. Artemisia vulgaris L. Perennial. River valleys, ravines, banks of canals, roadsides, fields, fine-earth and stony slopes, fallow lands, surroundings of settlements. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, essential oil, insecticide, fodder, weed. Genus 559. Trichantemis Regel & Schmalh. 1832. Trichanthemis karataviensis Regel & Schmalh. Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Genus 560. Waldheimia Kar. & Kir. 1833. Waldheimia glabra (Decne) Regel Perennial. Alpine meadows, moraines, rocks. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1834. Waldheimia tomentosa (Decne) Regel Perennial. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, pebbles, banks of rivers. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. Genus 561. Pyrethrum Zinn 1835. Pyrethrum galae Popov Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau. 1836. Pyrethrum pyrethroides (Kar. & Kir.) B. Fedtsch. ex Krasch. Figure 461 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, pebbles, moraines, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 461 Pyrethrum pyrethroides (photography by Natalya Beshko) 471 472 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 562. Tanacetum L. 1837. Tanacetum parthenifolium (Willd.) Sch. Bip. [Pyrethrum parthenifolium Willd.] Perennial. Ravines, banks of rivers, pebbles, rocks, stony slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, insecticide, ornamental. 1838. Tanacetum pseudachillea C. Winkl. Perennial. Banks of rivers, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil. Genus 563. Lepidolopha C. Winkl. 1839. Lepidolopha komarowii C. Winkl. Shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Essential oil. 1840. Lepidolopha nuratavica Krasch. Figure 462 Shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau. UzbRDB 1. Figure 462 Lepidolopha nuratavica (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 564. Microcephala Pobed. 1841. Microcephala lamellata (Bunge) Pobed. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Essential oil. 1842. Microcephala turcomanica (C. Winkl.) Pobed. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, wastelands. Plain. Mirzachul. Essential oil. Genus 565. *Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip. 1843. *Tripleurospermum disciforme (C. A. Mey.) Sch. Bip. Biennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, river valleys, banks of canals, meadows, roadsides, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Genus 566. *Xanthium L. 1844. *Xanthium spinosum L. Annual. Wastelands, roadsides, fallow lands, banks of canals, surroundings of settlements. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, oil, poisonous, weed. 1845. *Xanthium strumarium L. Annual. River valleys, banks of canals, wastelands, fields, fallow lands, roadsides, surroundings of settlements. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, oil, poisonous, weed. Family 104. Caprifoliaceae Genus 567. Lonicera L. 1846. Lonicera bracteolaris Boiss. & Buhse. Figure 463 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, pebbles, ravines. Montane zone. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. 473 474 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 463 Lonicera bracteolaris (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1847. Lonicera humilis Kar. & Kir. [Lonicera altmannii Regel & Schmalh.] Figure 464 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, ravines. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. Figure 464 Lonicera humilis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1848. Lonicera korolkowii Stapf. Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, screes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1849. Lonicera microphylla Willd. ex Schult. Shrub. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, river valleys, subalpine meadows. Montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous, ornamental. 1850. Lonicera nummulariifolia Jaub. & Spach Figure 465 Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, ravines, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, meliferous, ornamental. Figure 465 Lonicera nummulariifolia (photography by Natalya Beshko） 1851. Lonicera olgae Regel & Schmalh. Shrub. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. 475 476 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1852. Lonicera paradoxa Pojark. Shrub. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. Threatened species. 1853. Lonicera semenovii Regel Shrub. Stony slopes, rocks, moraines. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. 1854. Lonicera simulatrix Pojark. Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 1855. Lonicera zeravshanica Pojark. Shrub. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Ornamental, meliferous. Genus 568. Dipsacus L. 1856. Dipsacus dipsacoides (Kar. & Kir.) Botsch. Figure 466 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 466 Dipsacus dipsacoides (photography by Natalya Beshko） 1857. Dipsacus laciniatus L. Biennial. Fine-earth slopes, river valleys, fields, gardens, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. Genus 569. *Cephalaria Schrad. 1858. Cephalaria syriaca (L.) Schrad. ex Roem. & Schult. Annual. Piedmont plains, fallow lands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, oil. Genus 570. Scabiosa L. 1859. Scabiosa flavida Boiss. & Hausskn. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills. Nuratau. 1860. Scabiosa olivierii Coult. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1861. Scabiosa rhodantha Kar. & Kir. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, banks of rivers, piedmont plains, sandy and clay deserts, fields, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. 1862. Scabiosa songarica Schrenk Figure 467 Perennial. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, ornamental, meliferous. Figure 467 Scabiosa songarica (photography by Natalya Beshko） 477 478 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 571. Valeriana L. 1863. Valeriana chionophila Popov & Kult. Figure 468 Perennial. Fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, wet places near melting snow. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. Figure 468 Valeriana chionophila (photography by Natalya Beshko） 1864. Valeriana fedtschenkoi Coincy Perennial. Rocks, stony slopes, screes, banks of rivers, subalpine and alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal. 1865. Valeriana ficarifolia Boiss. Perennial. Shady wet places, banks of rivers, ravines, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 572. Valerianella Mill. 1866. Valerianella coronata (L.) DC. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands, pebbles. Plain, Foothills. North Turkestan, Mirzachul. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1867. Valerianella cymbocarpa C. A. Mey. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1868. Valerianella dactylophylla Boiss. & Hohen. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, shady places. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. 1869. Valerianella muricata (Steven ex M. Bieb.) W. H. Baxter Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, rocks, pebbles, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, Mirzachul. 1870. Valerianella oxyrrhyncha Fisch. & C. A. Mey. [Valerianella diodon Boiss.] Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles, banks of rivers, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. 1871. Valerianella plagiostephana Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, rocks, pebbles, river valleys. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1872. Valerianella szovitsiana Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, saline lands, fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks, screes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. 1873. Valerianella turkestanica Regel & Schmalh. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, pebbles, banks of rivers, clay deserts, saline lands, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. 1874. Valerianella vvedenskyi Lincz. Annual. Stony slopes, river valleys, pebbles. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Family 105. Apiaceae [Umbelliferae] Genus 573. Eryngium L. 1875. Eryngium caeruleum M. Bieb. Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, banks of canals, gardens, fallow lands, roadsides, wastelands, fields. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Medicinal, weed. 1876. Eryngium macrocalyx Schrenk Perennial, monocarpic. Stony and gravelly slopes, screes, dry riverbeds, fallow lands, roadsides. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil. 1877. Eryngium octophyllum Korovin Perennial, polycarpic. Stony slopes, rocks, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Medicinal, essential oil. 479 480 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 574. Echinophora L. 1878. Echinophora tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana (Guss.) Tutin [Echinophora sibthorpiana Guss.] Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, piedmont plains, wastelands, fallow lands, fields, pebbles, gardens, roadsides, banks of canals. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. Medicinal, essential oil, food (spice-aromatic), fodder. Genus 575. Anthriscus Pers. 1879. Anthriscus glacialis Lipsky Perennial, polycarpic. Stony slopes, stream banks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau. Fodder. Genus 576. Scandix L. 1880. Scandix nodosa L. [Chaerophyllum nodosum (L.) Crantz; Myrrhoides nodosa (L.) Cannon; Physocaulis nodosus (L.) W. D. J . Koch] Annual. River valleys, shady wet places. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Food, essential oil. 1881. Scandix pecten-veneris L. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, banks of canals, fields, gardens, fallow lands, wastelands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, medicinal. 1882. Scandix stellata Banks & Sol. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks, pebbles, dry riverbeds, roadsides, fields, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Genus 577. Kozlovia Lipsky 1883. Kozlovia paleacea Lipsky Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth slopes, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Weed. Genus 578.*Torilis Adans. 1884. *Torilis arvensis (Huds.) Link. Annual. Fallow lands, fields, gardens, roadsides, wastelands, banks of rivers and canals, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Essential oil, weed. 1885. *Torilis leptophylla (L.) Rchb. f. Annual. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, wastelands, fallow lands, fields, roadsides, banks of rivers and canals, gardens, surroundings of settlements. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Weed, food. Genus 579. Turgenia Hoffm. 1886. Turgenia latifolia (L.) Hoffm. Annual. Fields, fallow lands, sandy and clay deserts, river valleys, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Essential oil, weed. Genus 580. *Orlaya Hoffm. 1887. *Orlaya grandiflora (L.) Hoffm. Annual. Fields, fallow lands. Plain. Mirzachul. Essential oil, weed. Genus 581. Daucus L. 1888. Daucus carota L. Biennial. Roadsides, wastelands, fallow lands, fields, gardens, banks of canals, river valleys, meadows. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Food, essential oil, medicinal, weed. Genus 582. *Coriandrum L. 1889. *Coriandrum sativum L. Annual. Surrounds of settlements, roadsides, fallow lands, fields, river valleys (escaped from culture). Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Food (spice-aromatic), essential oil, meliferous. Genus 583. Schrenkia Fisch. & C. A. Mey. 1890. Schrenkia golickeana B. Fedtsch. Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles, rocks. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal. 481 482 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1891. Schrenkia pungens Regel & Schmalh. Perennial, polycarpic. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. 1892. Schrenkia vaginata (Ledeb.) Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Perennial, monocarpic. Stony slopes, rocks, screes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Genus 584. Lipskya (K.-Pol.) Nevski 1893. Lipskya insignis Nevski Perennial, monocarpic. Stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Malguzar. Essential oil, food (spice-aromatic). Threatened species, UzbRDB 3. Genus 585. Schtschurowskia Regel & Schmalh. 1894. Schtschurowskia meifolia Regel & Schmalh. Perennial, polycarpic. Stony slopes, screes, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 586. Korshinskya Lipsky 1895. Korshinskya olgae Lipsky Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 587. Aulacospermum Ledeb. 1896. Aulacospermum roseum Korovin Perennial, monocarpic. Gravelly and stony slopes, screes, alpine meadows, stream banks, wet places near melting snow. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1897. Aulacospermum simplex Rupr. Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1898. Aulacospermum tenuisectum Korovin Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 588. Eremodaucus Bunge 1899. Eremodaucus lehmannii Bunge Annual. Fields, fallow lands, wastelands, roadsides, piedmont plains, fine-earth slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, weed. Genus 589. *Conium L. 1900. *Conium maculatum L. Biennial. Wastelands, gardens, fields, banks of rivers and canals. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, poisonous, essential oil, weed. Genus 590. Prangos Lindl. 1901. Prangos didyma (Regel) Pimenov & V. N. Tikhom. Perennial, monocarpic. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, dry riverbeds. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Fodder, essential oil, meliferous. 1902. Prangos fedtschenkoi (Regel & Schmalh.) Korovin Figure 469 Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds, pebbles, roadsides, fields. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, essential oil, meliferous. Figure 469 Prangos fedtschenkoi (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1903. Prangos ornata Kuzmina Figure 470 Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Fodder, essential oil, meliferous. 483 484 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 470 Prangos ornata (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1904. Prangos pabularia Lindl. Figure 471 Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, river valleys, dry riverbeds. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Fodder, essential oil, medicinal, meliferous. Figure 471 Prangos pabularia (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 591. Bupleurum L. 1905. Bupleurum falcatum L. subsp. exaltatum (M. Bieb.) Rouy & Camus [Bupleurum exaltatum M. Bieb.] Perennial, polycarpic. Stony slopes, screes, rocks, dry riverbeds, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, fodder. Genus 592. Elaeosticta Fenzl 1906. Elaeosticta allioides (Regel & Schmalh.) Kljuykov, Pimenov & V. N. Tikhom. Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth and stony slopes, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, fodder. 1907. Elaeosticta hirtula (Regel & Schmalh.) Kljuykov, Pimenov & V. N. Tikhom. Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil. 1908. Elaeosticta polycarpa (Korovin) Kljuykov, Pimenov & V. N. Tikhom. Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau Relic Mountains. Essential oil. 1909. Elaeosticta vvedenskyi (Kamelin) Kljuykov, Pimenov & V. N. Tikhom. Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Essential oil. Genus 593. Galagania Lipsky 1910. Galagania fragrantissima Lipsky Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, food (spice-aromatic). 1911. Galagania tenuisecta (Regel & Schmalh.) M. G. Vassiljeva & Pimenov Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes, dry riverbeds, fallow lands. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, weed. Genus 594. Hyalolaena Bunge 1912. Hyalolaena depauperata Korovin Perennial, monocarpic. Gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Essential oil. 1913. Hyalolaena jaxartica Bunge Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, sandy and clay deserts, dry riverbeds, pebbles, rocks. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Mirzachul. Essential oil. 485 486 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 595. Oedibasis Koso.-Pol. 1914. Oedibasis apiculata (Kar. & Kir.) Koso.-Pol. Perennial, monocarpic. Sandy deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, fallow lands. Plain, foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1915. Oedibasis tamerlanii (Lipsky) Korovin ex Nevski Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Genus 596. Elwendia Boiss. 1916. Elwendia capusii (Franch.) Pimenov & Kljuykov [Bunium capusii (Franch.) Korovin] Perennial, polycarpic. Piedmont plains, fine-earth slopes, river valleys. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1917. Elwendia chaerophylloides (Regel & Schmalh.) Pimenov & Kljuykov [Bunium chaerophylloides (Regel & Schmalh.) Drude] Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food (spice-aromatic), essential oil. 1918. Elwendia intermedia (Korovin) Pimenov & Kljuykov [Bunium intermedium Korovin] Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth slopes, river valleys, shady wet places. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1919. Elwendia persica (Boiss.) Pimenov & Kljuykov [Bunium persicum (Boiss.) B. Fedtsch.] Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food (spice-aromatic), essential oil. Genus 597. Falcaria Fabr. 1920. Falcaria vulgaris Bernh. Perennial, monocarpic. River valleys, banks of canals, fine-earth, gravelly slopes, wet places, gardens, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food, essential oil. Genus 598. Carum L. 1921. Carum carvi L. Biennial. Banks of rivers, wet places. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, food (spice-aromatic). MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Genus 599. Apium L. 1922. Apium nodiflorum (L.) Lag. Perennial, polycarpic. Banks of rivers and canals. Nuratau. Medicinal, food. Genus 600. Cuminum L. 1923. Cuminum setifolium (Boiss.) Koso-Pol. Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, fine-earth slopes. Nuratau, Kyzylkum. Essential oil, weed. Genus 601. Aphanopleura Boiss. 1924. Aphanopleura capillifolia (Regel & Schmalh.) Lipsky Annual. Sandy and clay deserts, dry riverbeds, fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, riparian forests, fallow lands, roadsides. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Aktau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul, Kyzylkum. Essential oil, weed. Genus 602. Pimpinella L. 1925. Pimpinella peregrina L. Biennial. Banks of rivers and canals, gardens, roadsides, fields, fallow lands, riparian forests. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, medicinal, fodder, meliferous. Genus 603. Sium L. 1926. Sium sisaroideum DC. Perennial, polycarpic. Banks of rivers and canals, swamps. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, oil. Genus 604. Berula W. D. J. Koch 1927. Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville Perennial, polycarpic. Banks of rivers and canals. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, poisonous. 487 488 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 605. Seseli L. 1928. Seseli calycinum (Korovin) Pimenov & Sdobnina Perennial, polycarpic. Rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1929. Seseli korovinii Schischk. Figure 472 Perennial, polycarpic. Screes, rocks, gravey and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Figure 472 Seseli korovinii (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1930. Seseli lehmannianum Boiss. Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1931. Seseli mucronatum (Schrenk) Pimenov & Sdobnina Perennial, polycarpic. Meadows, river valleys, fine-earth and stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. 1932. Seseli seravschanicum Pimenov & Sdobnina Figure 473 Perennial, monocarpic. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 473 Seseli seravschanicum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1933. Seseli tenuisectum Regel & Schmalh. Perennial, polycarpic. Rocks, screes, pebbles. Montane zone. North Turkestan. 1934. Seseli turbinatum Korovin Perennial, polycarpic. Stony slopes. Montane zone. Nuratau. UzbRDB 2. Genus 606. Libanotis Haller ex Zinn 1935. Libanotis schrenkiana C. A. Mey. ex Schischk. [Seseli schrenkianum (C. A. Mey. ex Schischk.) Pimenov & Sdobnina] Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth and stony slopes, pebbles, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. 489 490 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 607. Mediasia Pimenov 1936. Mediasia macrophylla (Regel & Schmalh.) Pimenov Figure 474 Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, food (spice-aromatic), essential oil. Figure 474 Mediasia macrophylla (photography by Natalya Beshko) Genus 608. Alposelinum Pimenov 1937. Alposelinum albomarginatum (Schrenk) Pimenov Perennial, monocarpic. Stony slopes, moraines, screes, pebbles, alpine meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Genus 609. Conioselinum Hoffm. 1938. Conioselinum vaginatum (Spreng.) Thell. [Conioselinum tataricum Fisch. ex Hoffm.] Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, ravines, river valleys, pebbles, screes, shady wet places, swamp meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Genus 610. Angelica L. 1939. Angelica archangelica subsp. decurrens (Ledeb.) Kuvaev Perennial, monocarpic. Stream banks, wet places near melting snow, springs, wet gravelly and fine-earth slopes, meadows, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1940. Angelica brevicaulis (Rupr.) B. Fedtsch. Figure 475 Perennial, monocarpic. Banks of rivers, pebbles, moraines, wet gravelly slopes, screes, swamp meadows. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil. Figure 475 Angelica brevicaulis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1941. Angelica ternata Regel & Schmalh. Perennial, polycarpic. Gravelly slopes, screes, moraines, rocks, pebbles. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Essential oil, food (spice-aromatic). Genus 611. Ferula L. 1942. Ferula angreni Korovin Figure 476 Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth and gravelly slopes, river valleys, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar. Essential oil, fodder, meliferous. Figure 476 Ferula angreni (photography by Natalya Beshko) 491 492 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1943. Ferula bucharica (Lipsky) Koso-Pol. [Ladyginia bucharica Lipsky] Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth, stony and gravelly slopes. Montane zone. Malguzar. Essential oil, saponin-bearing, meliferous. 1944. Ferula diversivittata Regel & Schmalh. Figure 477 Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth slopes, dry riverbeds. Foothills, montane zone. Nuratau. Medicinal, essential oil, meliferous. Figure 477 Ferula diversivittata (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1945. Ferula dshizakensis Korovin Perennial, polycarpic. Stony and gravelly slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar. Essential oil, fodder, meliferous. 1946. Ferula fedtschenkoana Koso-Pol. Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, melliferous. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. 1947. Ferula ferganensis Lipsky ex Korovin Perennial, polycarpic. Stony slopes, rocks, screes. Montane zone. Nuratau. Essential oil, meliferous. 1948. Ferula foetida (Bunge) Regel Figure 478 Perennial, monocarpic. Sandy and clay deserts, piedmont plains, fine-earth slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Kyzylkum. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] Figure 478 Ferula foetida (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1949. Ferula helenae Rakhm. & Melibaev Perennial, monocarpic. Stony slopes. Foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains. Essential oil, fodder, meliferous. Threatened species. Endemic to the Nuratau Relic Mountains. 1950. Ferula kokanica Regel & Schmalh. Figure 479 Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, screes, pebbles, rocks. Foothills, montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder, meliferous. Figure 479 Ferula kokanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) 493 494 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN 1951. Ferula kuhistanica Korovin Figure 480 Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Montane and alpine zones. Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder, meliferous. Figure 480 Ferula kuhistanica (photography by Natalya Beshko) MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1952. Ferula lehmannii Boiss. Perennial, monocarpic. Sandy deserts. Plain. Kyzylkum. Essential oil, meliferous. 1953. Ferula mollis Korovin Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes. Foothills, montane zone. North Turkestan. Essentialoil, fodder, meliferous. 1954. Ferula moschata (H. Reinsch) Koso-Pol. [Ferula sumbul (Kauffm.) Hook. f.] Figure 481 Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth and stony slopes, screes, rocks, ravines. Montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, meliferous. Threatened species, UzbRDB 2. Figure 481 Ferula moschata (photography by N. Yu. Beshko) 1955. Ferula ovczinnikovii Pimenov Perennial, monocarpic. Stony and gravelly slopes, screes. Montane zone. Malguzar. Essential oil, meliferous. 1956. Ferula ovina (Boiss.) Boiss. Figure 482 Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Aktau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, fodder, meliferous. 495 496 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Figure 482 Ferula ovina (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1957. Ferula penninervis Regel & Schmalh. Figure 483 Perennial, polycarpic. Stony slopes, screes, pebbles, dry riverbeds, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Essential oil, medicinal, fodder, meliferous. Figure 483 Ferula penninervis (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1958. Ferula samarkandica Korovin Perennial, monocarpic. Fine-earth, gravelly and stony slopes, dry riverbeds, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder, meliferous. MAGNOLIOPSIDA [EUDICOTS] 1959. Ferula schtschurowskiana Regel & Schmalh. Perennial, monocarpic. Sandy and clay, deserts, saline lands, gravelly slopes. Plain, foothills, montane zone. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan, Mirzachul. Essential oil, fodder, meliferous. 1960. Ferula varia (Schrenk) Trautv. Perennial, monocarpic. Sandy deserts, fine-earth and stony slopes. Plain, foothills. Nuratau Relic Mountains. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder, meliferous. Genus 612. Heracleum L. 1961. Heracleum lehmannianum Bunge Figure 484 Perennial or biennial, monocarpic. Subalpine meadows, river valleys, ravines, pebbles, wet screes. Montane and alpine zones. Nuratau, Malguzar, North Turkestan. Medicinal, essential oil, fodder, meliferous. Figure 484 Heracleum lehmannianum (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1962. Heracleum olgae Regel & Schmalh. [Tetrataenium olgae (Regel & Schmalh.) Manden] Perennial, monocarpic. Screes, pebbles, fine-earth slopes. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Essential oil. 497 498 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Genus 613. Semenovia Regel & Herd. 1963. Semenovia dasycarpa (Regel & Schmalh.) Korovin Figure 485 Perennial, polycarpic. Fine-earth and stony slopes, ravines, stream banks, shady wet places, rocks. Montane and alpine zones. North Turkestan. Figure 485 Semenovia dasycarpa (photography by Natalya Beshko) 1964. Semenovia heterodonta Manden Perennial, polycarpic. Rocks, screes, stony slopes. Alpine zone. North Turkestan. 1965. Semenovia pimpinelloides (Nevski) Manden Perennial, polycarpic. Stony slopes, rocks. Montane zone. Nuratau. REFERENCES REFERENCES Adylov T. A. 1983. Conspectus Florae Asiae Mediae. Vol. 7. Tashkent: Fan Publishers, 415. (In Russian) Adylov T. A. 1987. Conspectus Florae Asiae Mediae. Vol. 9. Tashkent: Fan Publishers, 400. (In Russian) Adylov T. A., Zuckerwanik T. I. 1993. Conspectus Florae Asiae Mediae. Vol. 10. Tashkent: Fan Publishers, 692. (In Russian) Akhani H., Edwards G. & Roalson E. H. 2007. Diversification of the world Salsoleae s.l. (Chenopodiaceae): molecular phylogenetic analysis of nuclear and chloroplast datasets and a revised classification. Int. J. Pl. Sci., 168: 931–956. Alibekov L. A., Nishanov S. A. 1978. 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[In Russian] INDEX OF LATIN NAMES INDEX OF LATIN NAMES A Abutilon 271 Abutilon therophrasti 271 Acanthocephalus 428 Acanthocephalus amplexifolius 428 Acanthocephalus benthamianus 429 Acantholimon 297 Acantholimon erythraeum 297 Acantholimon nuratavicum 298 Acantholimon subavenaceum 299 Acantholimon tataricum 299 Acanthophyllum 326 Acanthophyllum aculeatum 326 Acanthophyllum elatius 326 Acanthophyllum gypsophiloides 326 Acanthophyllum pungens 326 Acantholimon zakirovii 299 Acer 265 Acer pubescens 265 Acer semenovii 266 Acer turkestanicum 266 Achillea 459 Achillea arabica 459 Achillea biebersteinii 459 Achillea filipendulina 459 Achillea kermanica 460 Achillea millefolium 460 Achillea santolinoides subsp. wilhelmsii 460 Achnatherum splendens 107 Achnatherum turkomanicum 107 Acinos rotundiflorus 411 Aconitum 149 Aconitum talassicum 149 Aconitum zeravschanicum 149 Aconogonon coriarum 311 Aconogonon hissaricum 312 Acroptilon repens 449 Adiantum 36 Adiantum capillus-veneris 36 Adonis 147 Adonis aestivalis 147 Adonis turkestanica 148 Aegilops 128 Aegilops crassa 128 Aegilops cylindrica 128 Aegilops juvenalis 128 Aegilops squarrosa 128 Aegilops triuncialis 128 Aellenia glauca 340 Aellenia iliensis 340 Aellenia subaphylla 340 Aeluropus 117 Aeluropus intermedius 117 Aeluropus litoralis 117 Aethionema 293 Aethionema carneum 293 Agrimonia 229 Agrimonia asiatica 229 Agriophyllum 334 Agriophyllum lateriflorum 334 Agropyron 126 Agropyron badamense 126 Agropyron drobovii 132 Agropyron ferganense 131 Agropyron intermedium 132 Agropyron lachnophyllum 131 Agropyron lolioides 132 Agropyron repens 132 Agropyron setuliferum 126 Agropyron tianschanicum 132 Agropyron trichophorum 132 Agropyron ugamicum 131 Agrostemma 319 Agrostemma githago 319 Agrostis 111 Agrostis gigantea 111 Agrostis hissarica 112 Agrostis olympica 112 Agrostis stolonifera 112 Ailanthus 269 Ailantus altissima 269 Alcea 270 Alcea litvinovii 270 Alcea nudiflora 271 Alcea rhyticarpa 271 Alchemilla 228 Alchemilla fontinalis 228 Alchemilla krylovii 228 Alchemilla sibirica 228 Alhagi 211 Alhagi canescens 211 Alhagi kirghisorum 211 Alhagi pseudalhagi 211 Alisma 49 Alisma plantago-aguatica 49 Alismataceae 49 Alliaria 274 Alliaria petiolata 274 Allium 76 Allium alexeianum 76 Allium altissimum 77 Allium barsczewskii 77 Allium caesium 77 Allium carolinianum 78 Allium caspium 78 Allium clausum 79 Allium cupuliferum subsp. cupuliferum 80 Allium cupuliferum subsp. nuratavicum 80 Allium drepanophyllum 81 Allium filidens 81 Allium griffithianum 81 Allium gusaricum 82 Allium inconspicuum 82 Allium isakulii 82 Allium jodanthum 83 Allium karataviense 83 Allium kaufmannii 84 Allium kokanicum 84 Allium komarowii 85 Allium levichevii 85 Allium longicuspis 85 Allium oreodictyum 85 Allium oreophiloides 85 Allium oreophilum 85 Allium oschaninii 86 Allium praemixtum 86 Allium protensum 87 Allium sarawschanicum 87 Allium stephanophorum 87 Allium stipitatum 87 Allium suworowii 88 Allium taeniopetalum 88 Allium talassicum 88 Allium turkestanicum 89 Allium verticillatum 89 Allium xiphopetalum 90 Allochrusa 326 Allochrusa gypsophiloides 326 Alopecurus 111 Alopecurus arundinaceus 111 Alopecurus himalaicus 111 Alopecurus myosuroides 111 Alopecurus pratensis 111 Alposelinum 490 Alposelinum albomarginatum 490 Althaea 271 Althaea armeniaca 271 Althaea officinalis 271 Alyssum 285 Alyssum alyssoides 285 Alyssum campestre 285 Alyssum dasycarpum 285 Alyssum desertorum 286 Alyssum linifolium 286 Alyssum marginatum 286 Alyssum szovitsianum 286 Amaranthaceae 329 Amaranthus 329 Amaranthus albus 329 Amaranthus blitoides 329 Amaranthus deflexus 329 507 508 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Amaranthus retroflexus 329 Amaryllidaceae 76 Amberboa 448 Amberboa turanica 448 Ammodendron 174 Ammodendron conollyi 174 Ammodendron lehmannii 174 Ammothamnus lehmanni 173 Amoria bonannii 177 Amoria fragifera 177 Amygdalus bucharica 233 Amygdalus communis 235 Amygdalus spinosissima 237 Anabasis 340 Anabasis eriopoda 340 Anabasis jaxartica 341 Anabasis salsa 341 Anacaridaceae 265 Anagallis 349 Anagallis arvensis 349 Anagallis foemina 349 Anchusa 363 Anchusa arvensis subsp. orientalis 363 Anchusa azurea 363 Anchusa italica 363 Andrachne 251 Andrachne fedtschenkoi 251 Andrachne telephioides 251 Androsace 349 Androsace dasyphylla 349 Androsace maxima 349 Androsace sericea 349 Anemone 157 Anemone biflora var. petiolulosa 157 Anemone narcissiflora subsp. protracta 157 Anemone petiolulosa 157 Anemone protracta 157 Anemone tschernaewii 158 Angelica 490 Angelica archangelica subsp. decurrens 490 Angelica brevicaulis 490 Angelica ternata 491 Angiospermae 47 Angiosperms 47 Anthemis 459 Anthemis deserticola 459 Anthriscus 480 Anthriscus glacialis 480 Antonia debilis 411 Anura pallidivirens 438 Apera 112 Apera interrupta 112 Aphanopleura 487 Aphanopleura capillifolia 487 Apiaceae 479 Apium 487 Apium nodiflorum 487 Apocynaceae 358 Aquilegia 145 Aquilegia lactiflora 145 Aquilegia vicaria 123 145 Arabidopsis 275 Arabidopsis parvula 274 Arabidopsis pumila 275 Arabidopsis thaliana 275 Arabis 277 Arabis auriculata 277 Arabis kokanica 276 Arabis montbretiana 277 Araceae 48 Arceuthobium 294 Arceuthobium oxycedri 294 Arctium 436 Arctium aureum 436 Arctium chloranthum 437 Arctium haesitabundum 437 Arctium karatavicum 437 Arctium korolkowii 437 Arctium leiospermum 437 Arctium pallidivirens 438 Arenaria 318 Arenaria griffithii 318 Arenaria leptoclados 319 Arenaria rotundifolia 318 Arenaria serpyllifolia 319 Arenaria serpyllifolia subsp. leptoclados 319 Aristida karelinii 105 Armeniaca vulgaris 233 Arnebia 360 Arnebia coerulea 360 Arnebia decumbens 361 Arnebia euchroma 362 Arnebia obovata 362 Arnebia transcaspica 362 Artemisia 465 Artemisia absinthium 465 Artemisia annua 465 Artemisia cina 465 Artemisia diffusa 465 Artemisia dracunculus 465 Artemisia eremophila 465 Artemisia ferganensis 465 Artemisia glanduligera 465 Artemisia glaucina 465 Artemisia juncea 465 Artemisia lehmanniana 466 Artemisia leucodes 467 Artemisia persica 468 Artemisia porrecta 468 Artemisia prolixa 468 Artemisia rutifolia 468 Artemisia santolinifolia 468 Artemisia scoparia 468 Artemisia scotina 468 Artemisia serotina 468 Artemisia sieversiana 469 Artemisia sogdiana 469 Artemisia subsalsa 469 Artemisia tenuisecta 469 Artemisia tournefortiana 470 Artemisia turanica 470 Artemisia vulgaris 471 Arum 48 Arum korolkowii 48 Asparagaceae 90 Asparagus 91 Asparagus brachyphyllus 91 Asparagus persicus 91 Asperuginoides 286 Asperuginoides axillaris 286 Asperugo 367 Asperugo procumbens 367 Asperula 351 Asperula aparine 353 Asperula glabrata 351 Asperula humifusa 352 Asperula oppositifolia 351 Asperula setosa 351 Asperula trichodes 351 Asphodelaceae 70 Aspleniaceae 36 Asplenium 37 Asplenium ruta-muraria 37 Asplenium trichomanes 37 Aster canescens 457 Asteraceae 422 Astragalus 182 Astragalus adpressipilosus 182 Astragalus alabugensis 182 Astragalus alopecias 182 Astragalus alpinus 182 Astragalus ammophilus 194 Astragalus ammotrophus 182 Astragalus angreni 183 Astragalus aphanassjievii 183 Astragalus aschuturi 183 Astragalus bactrianus 183 Astragalus bakaliensis 183 Astragalus belolipovii 183 Astragalus camptoceras 183 Astragalus campylorrhynchus 184 Astragalus campylotrichus 184 Astragalus chodshenticus 184 Astragalus commixtus 184 Astragalus compositus 184 Astragalus contortuplicatus 184 Astragalus cornu-bovis 185 Astragalus corydalinus 194 Astragalus dendroides 185 Astragalus dictamnoides 185 Astragalus dipelta 185 Astragalus dolichocarpus 185 Astragalus eximius 185 Astragalus falcigerus 185 Astragalus farctissimus 185 Astragalus ferganensis 185 Astragalus filicaulis 185 Astragalus flexus 186 Astragalus floccosifolius 186 Astragalus globiceps 187 Astragalus guttatus 187 Astragalus harpilobus 187 Astragalus inaequalifolius 187 INDEX OF LATIN NAMES Astragalus intarrensis 187 Astragalus isfahanicus 187 Astragalus iskanderi 187 Astragalus jagnobicus 187 Astragalus juratzkanus 187 Astragalus kelleri 187 Astragalus knorringianus 188 Astragalus korovinianus 194 Astragalus kurdaicus 192 Astragalus lasiosemius 188 Astragalus lasiostylus 188 Astragalus leiophysa 188 Astragalus lentilobus 188 Astragalus leptophysus 189 Astragalus leptostachys 190 Astragalus lipskyi 190 Astragalus lithophilus 190 Astragalus macrocladus 190 Astragalus macronyx 191 Astragalus macropetalus 192 Astragalus macrotropis 192 Astragalus marguzaricus 192 Astragalus masenderanus 192 Astragalus maverranagri 187 Astragalus mucidus 193 Astragalus nematodes 193 Astragalus nivalis 193 Astragalus nobilis 193 Astragalus nuciferus 194 Astragalus ophiocarpus 194 Astragalus orbiculatus 194 Astragalus oxyglottis 194 Astragalus patentipilosus 194 Astragalus patentivillosus 194 Astragalus paucijugus 194 Astragalus pauper 194 Astragalus peduncularis 194 Astragalus persipolitanus 194 Astragalus petunnikovii 194 Astragalus platyphyllus 195 Astragalus pterocephalus 195 Astragalus pulcher 195 Astragalus quisqualis 195 Astragalus retamocarpus 195 Astragalus rubromarginatus 195 Astragalus russanovii 195 Astragalus saratagius 195 Astragalus sarytavicus 195 Astragalus schachimardanus 195 Astragalus schmalhausenii 195 Astragalus schrenkianus 195 Astragalus schugnanicus 196 Astragalus sesamoides 196 Astragalus sewerzowii 196 Astragalus sieversianus 196 Astragalus skorniakovii 192 Astragalus sogdianus 197 Astragalus stalinskyi 197 Astragalus stenanthus 197 Astragalus stenocystis 197 Astragalus stipulosus 195 Astragalus striatellus 187 Astragalus subbarbellatus 196 Astragalus subinduratus 197 Astragalus subscaposus 197 Astragalus substipitatus 197 Astragalus subverticillatus 198 Astragalus tibetanus 198 Astragalus titovii 198 Astragalus transoxanus 198 Astragalus turbinatus 198 Astragalus turczaninovii 198 Astragalus turkestanus 199 Astragalus unifoliolatus 200 Astragalus uninodus 200 Astragalus urgutinus 200 Astragalus variegatus 200 Astragalus vicarius 201 Astragalus villosissimus 201 Astragalus vladimiri 188 Astragalus xanthomeloides 201 Asyneuma 419 Asyneuma argutum 419 Asyneuma trautvetteri 420 Atraphaxis 306 Atraphaxis compacta 306 Atraphaxis karataviensis 306 Atraphaxis pyrifolia 306 Atraphaxis seravschanica 307 Atraphaxis spinosa 307 Atraphaxis virgata 307 Atriplex 332 Atriplex aucherii 332 Atriplex dimorphostegia 332 Atriplex flabellum 332 Atriplex hastata 333 Atriplex micrantha 332 Atriplex ornata 332 Atriplex prostrata subsp. calotheca 333 Atriplex tatarica 333 Aulacospermum 482 Aulacospermum roseum 482 Aulacospermum simplex 482 Aulacospermum tenuisectum 482 Avena 113 Avena barbata 113 Avena fatua 113 Avena persica 113 Avena sterilis subsp. ludoviciana 113 Avena trichophylla 113 B Baeothryon 97 Baeothryon pumilum 97 Balsaminaceae 346 Barbarea 276 Barbarea brachycarpa subsp. minor 276 Barbarea minor 276 Barbarea vulgaris 276 Barkhausia kotschyana 427 Bassia 334 Bassia crassifolia 334 Bassia eriophora 334 Bassia hyssopifolia 334 Batrachium divaricatum 164 Batrachium pachycaulon 164 Batrachium rionii 162 Batrachium trichophyllum 164 Berberidaceae 143 Berberis 143 Berberis integerrima 143 Berberis nummularia 143 Berberis oblonga 144 Berula 487 Berula erecta 487 Betula 243 Betula pendula 243 Betulaceae 243 Bidens 451 Bidens tripartita 451 Biebersteinia 263 Biebersteinia multifida 263 Biebersteiniaceae 263 Bistortia elliptica 313 Blysmus 97 Blysmus compressus 97 Boissiera 125 Boissiera squarrosa 125 Bolbosaponaria 325 Bolbosaponaria sewerzowii 325 Bolboschoenus 95 Bolboschoenus maritimus 95 Bolboschoenus popovii 96 Bongardia 145 Bongardia chrysogonum 145 Boraginaceae 359 Botriochloa 104 Botriochloa ischaemum 104 Botrychium 34 Botrychium lunaria 34 Brachyactis ciliata 458 Brachypodium 125 Brachypodium sylvaticum 125 Brassica 287 Brassica campestris 287 Brassica elongata 287 Brassica rapa 287 Brassicaceae 274 Bromus 123 Bromus danthoniae 123 Bromus inermis 124 Bromus japonicus 124 Bromus lanceolatus 124 Bromus oxyodon 124 Bromus paulsenii 124 Bromus popovii 124 Bromus scoparius 124 Bromus scoparius 124 Bromus sericeus 124 Bromus sewerzowii 124 Bromus sterilis 124 Bromus tectorum 124 Bryonia 243 Bryonia cretica subsp. dioica 243 Bryonia dioica 243 509 510 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Bryonia melanocarpa 244 Buchingera axillaris 286 Bufonia 317 Bufonia oliveriana 317 Buglossoides 360 Buglossoides arvensis 360 Bunium capusii 486 Bunium chaerophylloides 486 Bunium intermedium 486 Bunium persicum 486 Bupleurum 485 Bupleurum exaltatum 485 Bupleurum falcatum subsp. exaltatum 485 Butomaceae 49 Butomus 49 Butomus umbellatus 49 C Calamagrostis 112 Calamagrostis anthoxanthoides 112 Calamagrostis dubia 112 Calamagrostis epigeios 112 Calamagrostis holciformis 112 Calamagrostis laguroides 112 Calamagrostis pseudophragmites 112 Callianthemum 157 Callianthemum alatavicum 157 Calligonum 307 Calligonum aphyllum 307 Calligonum caput-medusae 307 Calligonum leucocladum 308 Calligonum macrocarpum 309 Calligonum microcarpum 310 Callipeltis 354 Callipeltis cucularis 354 Calystegia 373 Calystegia sepium 373 Camelina 294 Camelina microcarpa 294 Camelina rumelica 294 Camelina sylvestris 294 Campanula 418 Campanula cashmeriana 418 Campanula fedtschenkoana 419 Campanula glomerata 419 Campanula lehmanniana 419 Campanulaceae 418 Camphorosma 334 Camphorosma monspeliaca 334 Campyloptera carnea 293 Cannabaceae 241 Cannabis 241 Cannabis sativa 241 Capparaceae 273 Capparis 273 Capparis spinosa 273 Caprifoliaceae 473 Capsella 294 Capsella bursa-pastoris 294 Caragana 181 Caragana alaica 181 Caragana turkestanica 181 Cardaria repens 290 Carduus 435 Carduus albidus 435 Carduus nutans 435 Carduus pycnocephalus subsp. albidus 435 Carex 100 Carex diluta 100 Carex divisa 100 Carex enervis 100 Carex karoi 100 Carex melanantha 100 Carex melanostachya 101 Carex microglochin 101 Carex orbicularis 101 Carex pachystilis 101 Carex parva 101 Carex physodes 101 Carex pseudofoetida 101 Carex serotina 101 Carex songorica 101 Carex stenocarpa 102 Carex stenophylla 102 Carex subphysodes 102 Carex turkestanica 102 Carthamus 450 Carthamus oxyacanthus 450 Carthamus tinctorius 450 Carthamus turkestanicus 450 Carum 486 Carum carvi 486 Caryophyllaceae 314 Catabrosa 116 Catabrosa aquatica 116 Catabrosa capusii 116 Celastraceae 245 Celtis 241 Celtis australis subsp. caucasica 241 Centaurea 448 Centaurea belangeriana 448 Centaurea benedicta 448 Centaurea bruguierana subsp. belangeriana 448 Centaurea cyanus 448 Centaurea depressa 448 Centaurea iberica 448 Centaurea solstitialis 448 Centaurea squarrosa 448 Centaurea virgata subsp. squarrosa 448 Centaurium 355 Centaurium erythraea subsp. turcicum 355 Centaurium pulchellum 355 Centaurium spicatum 355 Centaurium turcicum 355 Cephalaria 477 Cephalaria syriaca 477 Cephalorrhynchus soongoricus 424 Cerastium 315 Cerastium arvense 315 Cerastium bungeanum 316 Cerastium cerastoides 316 Cerastium dentatum 316 Cerastium dichotomum 316 Cerastium dichotomum subsp. inflatum 316 Cerastium falcatum 316 Cerastium fontanum subsp. vulgare 316 Cerastium glomeratum 316 Cerastium holosteoides 316 Cerastium inflatum 316 Cerastium lithospermifolium 316 Cerastium pentandrum 316 Cerastium perfoliatum 316 Cerastium pusillum 316 Cerastium semidecandrum 316 Cerasus amygdaliflora 238 Cerasus erythrocarpa 235 Cerasus mahaleb 236 Cerasus verrucosa 238 Cerasus vulgaris 234 Ceratocarpus 333 Ceratocarpus arenarius 333 Ceratocarpus utriculosus 333 Ceratocephala 159 Ceratocephala falcata 159 Ceratocephala testiculata 159 Ceratoides ewersmanniana 333 Ceratoides latens 333 Ceratophyllaceae 136 Ceratophyllum 136 Ceratophyllum demersum 136 Ceterach 37 Ceterach officinarum 37 Chaerophyllum nodosum 480 Chaetolimon 300 Chaetolimon setiferum 300 Chalcanthus 289 Chalcanthus renifolius 289 Chamaenerion angustifolium 261 Chamaesphacos 406 Chamaesphacos ilicifolius 406 Chamaesyce canescens 252 Chamaesyce turcomanica 254 Chardinia 435 Chardinia orientalis 435 Cheilanthes 35 Cheilanthes persica 35 Chenopodium 330 Chenopodium album 330 Chenopodium botrys 331 Chenopodium chenopodioides 331 Chenopodium foliosum 331 Chenopodium glaucum 332 Chenopodium murale 332 Chenopodium rubrum 332 Chenopodium vulvaria 332 Chesneya 181 Chesneya ternata 181 Chesneya turkestanica 182 Chondrilla 423 Chondrilla aspera 423 INDEX OF LATIN NAMES Chondrilla lejosperma 423 Chorispora 283 Chorispora bungeana 283 Chorispora elegans 284 Chorispora macropoda 283 Chorispora sabulosa 284 Chorispora tenella 284 Chrozophora 251 Chrozophora gracilis 252 Chrozophora hierosolymitana 251 Chrozophora obliqua 251 Chrozophora sabulosa 252 Chrozophora tinctoria 251 Chrysaspis campestris 177 Cicer 211 Cicer flexuosum 211 Cicer grande 211 Cicer macracanthum 213 Cicer paucijugum 213 Cicer pungens 213 Cicer songaricum 213 Cichorium 422 Cichorium intybus 422 Cirsium 436 Cirsium alatum 436 Cirsium arvense 436 Cirsium brevipapposum 436 Cirsium esculentum 436 Cirsium ochrolepidium 436 Cirsium polyacanthum 436 Cirsium semenovii 436 Cirsium straminispinum 436 Cirsium turkestanicum 436 Cirsium vulgare 436 Cistaceae 272 Cistanche 415 Cistanche mongolica 415 Cistanche salsa 415 Cithareloma 284 Cithareloma lehmannii 284 Clematis 158 Clematis orientalis 158 Clemensia 166 Clementsia semenovii 166 Cleomaceae 273 Cleome 273 Cleome fimbriata 273 Climacoptera 339 Climacoptera lanata 339 Climacoptera longistylosa 339 Climacoptera minkvitziae 340 Climacoptera obtusifolia 340 Climacoptera olgae 340 Climacoptera transoxana 340 Clinopodium 411 Clinopodium alpinum 411 Clinopodium debile 411 Clypeola 286 Clypeola jonthlaspi 286 Cnicus benedictus 448 Codonopsis 422 Codonopsis clematidea 422 Colchicaceae 51 Colchicum 51 Colchicum kesselringii 51 Colchicum luteum 53 Colpodium 120 Colpodium humile 120 Colpodium parviflorum 120 Colutea 179 Colutea paulsenii 179 Compositae 422 Conioselinum 490 Conioselinum tataricum 490 Conioselinum vaginatum 490 Conium 483 Conium maculatum 483 Conringia 288 Conringia clavata 288 Conringia orientalis 288 Conringia persica 288 Conringia planisiliqua 288 Consolida 150 Consolida camptocarpa 150 Consolida leptocarpa 151 Consolida rugulosa 152 Convolvulaceae 370 Convolvulus 371 Convolvulus arvensis 371 Convolvulus fruticosus 371 Convolvulus hamadae 372 Convolvulus korolkowii 372 Convolvulus lineatus 372 Convolvulus pilosellifolius 373 Convolvulus pseudocantabricus 373 Convolvulus subhirsutus 373 Conyza canadensis 457 Coriandrum 481 Coriandrum sativum 481 Corispermum 334 Corispermum lehmanninum 334 Cortusa turkestanica 347 Corydalis 141 Corydalis aitchisonii 141 Corydalis glaucescens 142 Corydalis gortschakovii 142 Corydalis ledebouriana 142 Corydalis nudicaulis 143 Corydalis schelesnowiana 143 Corydalis sewerzowii 141 Cotoneaster 218 Cotoneaster goloskokovii 218 Cotoneaster multiflorus 218 Cotoneaster nummularioides 219 Cotoneaster nummularius 219 Cotoneaster oliganthus 219 Cotoneaster songaricus 220 Cotoneaster suavis 221 Cousinia 438 Cousinia alpina 438 Cousinia ambigens 438 Cousinia aurea 436 Cousinia botschantzevii 438 Cousinia bungeana 439 Cousinia chlorantha 437 Cousinia coronata 439 Cousinia dissectifolia 439 Cousinia dshisakensis 439 Cousinia dubia 440 Cousinia eriotricha 440 Cousinia franchetii 440 Cousinia haesitabunda 437 Cousinia hamadae 440 Cousinia horridula 440 Cousinia integrifolia 440 Cousinia karatavica 437 Cousinia korolkowii 437 Cousinia lappacea 440 Cousinia microcarpa 441 Cousinia mollis 441 Cousinia olgae 441 Cousinia outichaschensis 441 Cousinia oxiana 441 Cousinia polytimetica 441 Cousinia prolifera 441 Cousinia pseudodshisakensis 442 Cousinia pygmaea 442 Cousinia radians 442 Cousinia regelii 442 Cousinia resinosa 442 Cousinia schtschurowskiana 442 Cousinia simulatrix 443 Cousinia sogdiana 443 Cousinia spiridonovii 444 Cousinia tenella 444 Cousinia umbrosa 444 Cousinia verticillaris 444 Cousinia xanthina 444 Crambe 288 Crambe cordifolia subsp. kotschyana 288 Crambe kotschyana 288 Crassulaceae 166 Crataegus 223 Crataegus pontica 223 Crataegus songarica 224 Crataegus turkestanica 224 Crepidifolium 424 Crepidifolium serawschanicum 424 Crepis 427 Crepis kotschyana 427 Crepis multicaulis 427 Crepis pulchra 427 Crocus 67 Crocus korolkowii 67 Crucianella 351 Crucianella chlorostachys 351 Crucianella exasperata 351 Crucianella filifolia 351 Cruciata 354 Cruciata pedemontana 354 Crupina 450 Crupina oligantha 450 Crupina vulgaris 450 Crypsis 108 Crypsis schoeoides 108 511 512 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Cryptospora 282 Cryptospora falcata 282 Cryptospora inconspicua 282 Cryptospora omissa 282 Cucurbitaceae 243 Cullen 178 Cullen drupaceum 178 Cuminum 487 Cuminum setifolium 487 Cupressaceae 44 Cuscuta 370 Cuscuta approximata 370 Cuscuta brevistyla 370 Cuscuta campestris 370 Cuscuta cupulata 370 Cuscuta europaea 371 Cuscuta lehmanniana 371 Cuscuta monogyna 371 Cuscuta pedicellata 371 Cuscuta pellucida 371 Cutandia rigescens 116 Cutandia Willk 116 Cyanus 448 Cyanus depressus 448 Cyanus segetum 448 Cylindrocarpa 422 Cylindrocarpa sewerzowii 422 Cymbolaena 456 Cymbolaena griffithii 456 Cynanchum 358 Cynanchum acutum subsp. sibiricum 358 Cynanchum sibiricum 358 Cynodon 113 Cynodon dactylon 113 Cynoglossum 370 Cynoglossum creticum 370 Cyperaceae 95 Cyperus 98 Cyperus glaber 98 Cyperus longus 98 Cyperus rotundus 98 Cystidospermum cheirolepis 252 Cystopteris 36 Cystopteris fragilis 36 D Dactylis 117 Dactylis glomerata 117 Dactylorhiza 65 Dactylorhiza umbrosa 65 Datisca 244 Datisca cannabina 244 Datiscaceae 244 Datura 376 Datura stramonium 376 Daucus 481 Daucus carota 481 Delphinium 152 Delphinium barbatum 152 Delphinium batalinii 153 Delphinium biternatum 154 Delphinium confusum 154 Delphinium leptocarpum 151 Delphinium longipedunculatum 154 Delphinium oreophilum 155 Delphinium poltoratzkii 155 Delphinium propinquum 155 Delphinium rugulosum 152 Delphinium semibarbatum 155 Dendrostellera arenaria 272 Deschampsia 112 Deschampsia cespitosa 112 Deschampsia koelerioides 112 Descurainia 275 Descurainia sophia 275 Dianthus 327 Dianthus baldzhuanicus 327 Dianthus brevipetalus 327 Dianthus crinitus subsp. tetralepis 327 Dianthus darvazicus 327 Dianthus helenae 328 Dianthus subscabridus 329 Dianthus tetralepis 327 Diarthron 272 Diarthron arenaria 272 Diarthron vesiculosum 272 Dictamnus 269 Dictamnus angustifolius 269 Didymophysa 292 Didymophysa fedtschenkoana 292 Digitaria 104 Digitaria ischaemum 104 Digitaria sanguinalis 104 Dipsacus 476 Dipsacus dipsacoides 476 Dipsacus laciniatus 476 Diptychocarpus 283 Diptychocarpus strictus 283 Dodartia 413 Dodartia orientalis 413 Draba 286 Draba lanceolata 286 Draba melanopus 286 Draba nemorosa 286 Draba nuda 286 Draba stenocarpa 287 Drabopsis nuda 286 Dracocephalum 388 Dracocephalum diversifolium 388 Dracocephalum imberbe 388 Dracocephalum nodulosum 389 Dracocephalum nuratavicum 389 Dracocephalum scrobiculatum 389 Drepanocaryum 386 Drepanocaryum sewerzowii 386 Dryopteris 38 Dryopteris filix-mas 38 E Echinochloa 104 Echinochloa crus-galli 104 Echinophora 480 Echinophora sibthorpiana 480 Echinophora tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana 480 Echinops 434 Echinops knorringianus 434 Echinops leucographus 434 Echinops maracandicus 434 Echinops nanus 434 Echinops nuratavicus 434 Echium 363 Echium biebersteinii 363 Echium vulgare 363 Eclipta 450 Eclipta prostrata 450 Elaeagnaceae 238 Elaeagnus 239 Elaeagnus angustifolia 239 Elaeosticta 485 Elaeosticta allioides 485 Elaeosticta hirtula 485 Elaeosticta polycarpa 485 Elaeosticta vvedenskyi 485 Eleocharis 97 Eleocharis argyrolepis 97 Eleocharis mitracarpa 98 Eleocharis quinqueflora 98 Eleocharis uniglumis 98 Elwendia 486 Elwendia capusii 486 Elwendia chaerophylloides 486 Elwendia intermedia 486 Elwendia persica 486 Elymus 131 Elymus bungeanus 131 Elymus dentatus 131 Elymus drobovii 132 Elymus hispidus 132 Elymus lolioides 132 Elymus repens 132 Elymus uralensis 132 Eminium 49 Eminium lehmanii 49 Enneapogon 114 Enneapogon persicus 114 Ephedra 40 Ephedra botschantzevii 40 Ephedra equisetina 40 Ephedra fedtschenkoae 40 Ephedra foliata 41 Ephedra intermedia 42 Ephedra regeliana 43 Ephedra strobilacea 44 Ephedraceae 40 Epilasia 431 Epilasia acrolasia 431 Epilasia hemilasia 432 Epilasia mirabilis 432 Epilobium 261 Epilobium angustifolium 261 Epilobium hirsutum 261 Epilobium komarovii 262 Epilobium minutiflorum 262 Epilobium nervosum 263 INDEX OF LATIN NAMES Epilobium palustre 263 Epilobium roseum subsp. subsessile 263 Epilobium tetragonum 263 Epilobium tianschanicum 263 Epilobium turkestanicum 263 Epilobium velutinum 261 Epipactis 65 Epipactis latifolia 65 Equisetaceae 34 Equisetum 34 Equisetum arvense 34 Equisetum ramosissimum 34 Eragrostis 115 Eragrostis minor 115 Eragrostis pilosa 115 Eranthis 156 Eranthis longistipitata 156 Eremodaucus 483 Eremodaucus lehmannii 483 Eremogone 318 Eremogone griffithii 318 Eremolimon 303 Eremolimon sogdianum 303 Eremopyrum 126 Eremopyrum bonaepartis 126 Eremopyrum distans 127 Eremopyrum orientale 128 Eremopyrum triticeum 128 Eremurus 70 Eremurus anisopterus 70 Eremurus chloranthus 70 Eremurus fuscus 70 Eremurus inderiensis 70 Eremurus kaufmannii 70 Eremurus lactiflorus 71 Eremurus nuratavicus 71 Eremurus olgae 72 Eremurus regelii 73 Eremurus robustus 74 Eremurus sogdianus 74 Eremurus tianschanicus 75 Eremurus turkestanicus 75 Erianthus 103 Erianthus ravennae 103 Ericaceae 351 Erigeron 457 Erigeron acris 457 Erigeron bellidiformis 457 Erigeron canadensis 457 Erigeron khorossanicus 457 Erigeron pallidus 458 Erigeron petiolaris 458 Erigeron popovii 458 Erigeron pseudoneglectus 458 Erigeron pseudoseravschanicus 458 Erigeron seravschanicus 458 Erigeron sogdianus 458 Erigeron umbrosus 458 Eriocaulaceae 93 Eriocaulon 93 Eriocaulon sieboldianum 93 Erodium 260 Erodium ciconium 260 Erodium cicutarium 260 Erodium hoefftianum 260 Erodium oxyrrhynchum 260 Erophila 287 Erophila minima 287 Erophila verna 287 Eruca 287 Eruca sativa 287 Eruca vesicaria 287 Eryngium 479 Eryngium caeruleum 479 Eryngium macrocalyx 479 Eryngium octophyllum 479 Erysimum 275 Erysimum cyaneum 275 Erysimum marschallianum 275 Erysimum nuratense 276 Erysimum violascens 276 Euclidium 284 Euclidium syriacum 284 Eudicots 135 Euphorbia 252 Euphorbia chamaesyce 252 Euphorbia cheirolepis 252 Euphorbia densa 252 Euphorbia esula 253 Euphorbia falcata 253 Euphorbia franchetii 253 Euphorbia glomerulans 253 Euphorbia granulata 254 Euphorbia helioscopia 254 Euphorbia humilis 254 Euphorbia inderiensis 254 Euphorbia jaxartica 253 Euphorbia kanaorica 255 Euphorbia rapulum 255 Euphorbia rosularis 255 Euphorbia sarawschanica 255 Euphorbia sororia 255 Euphorbia szowitsii 255 Euphorbia turczaninowii 256 Euphorbiaceae 251 Euphrasia 416 Euphrasia pectinata 416 Euphrasia regelii 416 Eurotia ceratoides 333 Eurotia ewersmanniana 333 Evax filaginoides 456 F Fabaceae 172 Falcaria 486 Falcaria vulgaris 486 Fallopia 314 Fallopia convolvulus 314 Ferns 33 Ferula 491 Ferula angreni 491 Ferula bucharica 491 Ferula diversivittata 492 Ferula dshizakensis 492 Ferula fedtschenkoana 492 Ferula ferganensis 492 Ferula foetida 492 Ferula helenae 493 Ferula kokanica 493 Ferula kuhistanica 494 Ferula lehmannii 495 Ferula mollis 495 Ferula moschata 495 Ferula ovczinnikovii 495 Ferula ovina 495 Ferula penninervis 496 Ferula samarkandica 496 Ferula schtschurowskiana 497 Ferula sumbul 495 Ferula varia 497 Fessia 92 Fessia puschkinioides 92 Festuca 121 Festuca alaica 121 Festuca amblyodes 121 Festuca arundinacea 121 Festuca griffithiana - 121 Festuca olgae 121 Festuca pratensis 121 Festuca rubra 121 Festuca rupicola 121 Festuca valesiaca 121 Filago 456 Filago arvensis 456 Filago filaginoides 456 Filago germanica 456 Filago pyramidata 456 Filago vulgaris 456 Fimbristylis 98 Fimbristylis dichotoma 98 Frankenia 294 Frankenia bucharica 294 Frankenia bucharica subsp. vvedenskyi 295 Frankenia hirsuta 295 Frankenia pulverulenta 295 Frankenia vvedenskyi 295 Frankeniaceae 294 Fraxinus 377 Fraxinus angustifolia subsp. syriaca 377 Fraxinus sogdiana 377 Fraxinus syriaca 377 Fritillaria 64 Fritillaria olgae 64 Fumaria 143 Fumaria vaillantii 143 G Gagea 54 Gagea afghanica 54 Gagea bergii 54 Gagea calyptrifolia 54 Gagea capillifolia 54 Gagea capusii 54 513 514 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Gagea chomutovae 54 Gagea divaricata 55 Gagea dschungarica 55 Gagea filiformis 55 Gagea gageoides 55 Gagea graminifolia 56 Gagea hissarica 57 Gagea kamelinii 57 Gagea liotardii 58 Gagea nabievii 58 Gagea olgae 58 Gagea ova 57 Gagea reinhardii 59 Gagea reticulata 59 Gagea stipitata 59 Gagea stolonifera 60 Gagea subtilis 60 Gagea taschkentica 60 Gagea tenera 61 Gagea turkestanica 61 Gagea vegeta 61 Gagea vvedenskyi 61 Galagania 485 Galagania fragrantissima 485 Galagania tenuisecta 485 Galatella 456 Galatella coriacea 456 Galium 352 Galium aparine 352 Galium ceratopodum 352 Galium decaisnei 353 Galium humifusum 352 Galium ibicinum 353 Galium karakulense 352 Galium pamiroalaicum 352 Galium pseudorivale 353 Galium ruthenicum 353 Galium setaceum 353 Galium songaricum 353 Galium spurium 353 Galium spurium subsp. ibicinum 353 Galium tenuissimum 353 Galium tianschanicum 353 Galium tricornutum 353 Galium turkestanicum 353 Galium verticellatum 353 Galium verum 353 Gamanthus 340 Gamanthus gamocarpus 340 Garhadiolus 422 Garhadiolus angulosus 422 Garhadiolus hedypnois 422 Garhadiolus papposus 422 Gastrolychnis 325 Gastrolychnis apetala 324 Gastrolychnis longicarpophora 325 Gegea pseudoreticulata 59 Gentiana 356 Gentiana barbata 357 Gentiana leucomelaena 356 Gentiana olivieri 355 356 Gentiana prostrata 357 Gentiana riparia 357 Gentiana sibirica 357 Gentiana turkestanorum 357 Gentianaceae 355 Gentianella 357 Gentianella sibirica 357 Gentianella turkestanorum 357 Gentianopsis 357 Gentianopsis barbata 357 Geraniaceae 257 Geranium 257 Geranium collinum 257 Geranium divaricatum 257 Geranium kotschyi subsp. charlesii 258 Geranium linearilobum 258 Geranium pusillum 258 Geranium regelii 257 Geranium robertianum 258 Geranium rotundifolium 258 Geranium saxatile 259 Geum 228 Geum heterocarpum 228 Girgensohnia 340 Girgensohnia diptera 340 Girgensohnia oppositiflora 340 Gladiolus 69 Gladiolus italicus 69 Glaucium 139 Glaucium elegans 139 Glaucium fimbrilligerum 140 Glaucium squamigerum 140 Glaux maritima 349 Gleditsia 172 Gleditsia caspia 172 Glyceria 120 Glyceria plicata 120 Glycyrrhiza 206 Glycyrrhiza aspera 206 Glycyrrhiza glabra 206 Glycyrrhiza triphylla 206 Gnaphalium 455 Gnaphalium luteoalbum 455 Gnaphalium supinum 455 Goldbachia 277 Goldbachia laevigata 277 Goldbachia sabulosa 277 Goldbachia torulosa 278 Goldbachia verrucosa 278 Gramineae 103 Grossulariaceae 165 GYMNOSPERMAE 39 Gymnospermium 144 Gymnospermium albertii 144 GYMNOSPERMS 39 Gypsophila 325 Gypsophila cephalotes 325 Gypsophila herniarioides 325 Gypsophila paniculata 325 H Hackelia 368 Hackelia uncinata 368 Halerpestes 159 Halerpestes sarmentosa 159 Halimocnemis 345 Halimocnemis mollissima 345 Halimocnemis villosa 345 Halimodendron 180 Halimodendron halodendron 180 Halocharis 344 Halocharis hispida 344 Halocnemum 336 Halocnemum strobilaceum 336 Halogeton 345 Halogeton glomeratus 345 Halopeplis 336 Halopeplis pygmaea 336 Haloragaceae 169 Halostachys 336 Halostachys belangeriana 336 Halothamnus 340 Halothamnus glaucus 340 Halothamnus iliensis 340 Halothamnus subaphyllus 340 Haloxylon 342 Haloxylon ammodendron 342 Haloxylon aphyllum 342 Haloxylon persicum 343 Handelia 462 Handelia trichophylla 462 Haplophyllum 266 Haplophyllum acutifolium 266 Haplophyllum bungei 267 Haplophyllum lasianthum 267 Haplophyllum latifolium 267 Haplophyllum pedicellatum 267 Haplophyllum perforatum 266 Haplophyllum ramosissimum 269 Haplophyllum robustum 269 Haplophyllum versicolor 267 Hedysarum 206 Hedysarum flavescens 206 Hedysarum jaxarticum 206 Hedysarum mogianicum 206 Hedysarum montanum 206 Hedysarum nuratense 207 Hedysarum plumosum 208 Helianthemum 272 Helianthemum songaricum 272 Helichrysum 454 Helichrysum maracandicum 454 Helichrysum mussae 455 Helichrysum nuratavicum 455 Helichrysum tianschanicum 455 Helictotrichon 113 Helictotrichon asiaticum 113 Helictotrichon desertorum 113 Heliotropium 359 Heliotropium arguzioides 359 Heliotropium bogdanii 359 Heliotropium dasycarpum 359 Heliotropium ellipticum 359 Heliotropium lasiocarpum 359 Heliotropium olgae 360 INDEX OF LATIN NAMES Henrardia 126 Henrardia persica 126 Heracleum 497 Heracleum lehmannianum 497 Heracleum olgae 497 Herniaria 319 Herniaria glabra 319 Herniaria hirsuta 319 Hesperis 278 Hesperis sibirica 278 Heteracia 426 Heteracia epapposa 426 Heteracia szovitzii 426 Heteranthelium 129 Heteranthelium piliferum 129 Heterocaryum 367 Heterocaryum laevigatum 367 Heterocaryum macrocarpum 367 Heterocaryum subsessile 367 Heterocaryum szovitsianum 367 Heteroderis 423 Heteroderis pusilla 423 Hibiscus 272 Hibiscus trionum 272 Hieracium 428 Hieracium echioides 427 Hieracium procerum 428 Hieracium raddeanum subsp. regelianum 428 Hieracium regelianum 428 Hieracium robustum 428 Hieracium virosum 428 Hippophae 238 Hippophae rhamnoides 238 Hippuris 380 Hippuris vulgaris 380 Holoschoenus 97 Holoschoenus vulgaris 97 Holosteum 316 Holosteum glutinosum 317 Holosteum umbellatum 316 Holosteum umbellatum subsp. glutinosum 317 Hordeum 130 Hordeum bogdanii 130 Hordeum brevisubulatum 130 Hordeum bulbosum 130 Hordeum geniculatum 131 Hordeum leporinum 131 Hordeum marinum subsp. gussoneanum 131 Hordeum murinum subsp. leporinum 131 Hordeum spontaneum 131 Hornungia 291 Hornungia procumbens 291 Hulthemia 233 Hulthemia persica 233 Hyalea 449 Hyalea pulchella 449 Hyalolaena 485 Hyalolaena depauperata 485 Hyalolaena jaxartica 485 Hydrocharitaceae 49 Hymenolobus procumbens 291 Hyoscyamus 375 Hyoscyamus niger 375 Hyoscyamus pusillus 375 Hypecoum 140 Hypecoum parviflorum 140 Hypecoum pendulum 140 Hypecoum trilobum 141 Hypericaceae 245 Hypericum 245 Hypericum elongatum 245 Hypericum perforatum 246 Hypericum scabrum 246 Hypogomphia 391 Hypogomphia turkestana 391 Hypogomphia turkestanica 391 Hyssopus 411 Hyssopus seravschanicus 411 I Iberidella 292 Iberidella trinervia 292 Impatiens 346 Impatiens parviflora 346 Imperata 103 Imperata cylindrica 103 Inula 453 Inula britannica 453 Inula caspica 453 Inula glauca 453 Inula helenium 453 Inula macrophylla 453 Inula orientalis 453 Inula rhizocephala 453 Iridaceae 67 Iris 67 Iris linifoliiformis 67 Iris loczyi 67 Iris longiscapa 67 Iris maracandica 68 Iris narbutii 68 Iris parvula 69 Iris songarica 69 Iris tadshikorum 69 Isatis 277 Isatis brevipes 277 Isatis emarginata 277 Isatis minima 277 Isatis multicaulis 277 Isatis tinctoria 277 Isatis violascens 277 Isopyrum 146 Isopyrum anemonoides 146 Ixioliriaceae 66 Ixiolirion 66 Ixiolirion tataricum 66 J Juglandaceae 242 Juglans 242 Juglans regia 242 Juncaceae 93 Juncaginaceae 50 Juncus 93 Juncus articulatus 93 Juncus bufonius 93 Juncus compressus 93 Juncus gerardii 93 Juncus heptopotamicus 93 Juncus hybridus 94 Juncus inflexus 94 Juncus jaxarticus 94 Juncus macrantherus 94 Juncus persicus subsp. libanoticus 94 Juncus rechingeri 94 Juncus schischkinii 94 Juncus sphaerocarpus 94 Juncus triglumis 94 Juncus turkestanicus 94 Juncus vvedenskyi 94 Juniperus 44 Juniperus polycarpos var. seravschanica 46 Juniperus pseudosabina 44 Juniperus semiglobosa 45 Jurinea 444 Jurinea abramowii 444 Jurinea androssovii 444 Jurinea ferganica 444 Jurinea helichrysifolia 444 Jurinea kokanica 445 Jurinea komarovii 445 Jurinea lasiopoda 445 Jurinea maxima 446 Jurinea olgae 446 Jurinea suffruticosa 447 Jurinea trautvetteriana 447 Jurinea zakirovii 447 K Kalidium 336 Kalidium caspicum 336 Kalimeris 457 Kalimeris altaica 457 Karelinia 453 Karelinia caspia 453 Kickxia 377 Kickxia elatine 377 Kirilovia eriantha 334 Kobresia 99 Kobresia pamiroalaica 99 Kobresia persica 99 Kobresia stenocarpa 99 Kochia 334 Kochia iranica 334 Kochia prostrata 334 Kochia scoparia 334 Koeleria 115 Koeleria macrantha 115 Koelpinia 433 Koelpinia linearis 433 Koelpinia macrantha 434 515 516 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Koelpinia tenuissima 434 Koelpinia turanica 434 Korshinskya 482 Korshinskya olgae 482 Kovalevskiella 424 Kovalevskiella zeravschanica 424 Kozlovia 480 Kozlovia paleacea 480 Krascheninnikovia 333 Krascheninnikovia ceratoides 333 Krascheninnikovia ewersmanniana 333 Kudrjaschevia 389 Kudrjaschevia jacubi 389 Kuhitangia 325 Kuhitangia knorringiana 325 Kuschakewiczia 370 Kuschakewiczia turkestanica 370 L Labiatae 383 Lachnoloma 284 Lachnoloma lehmanii 284 Lachnophyllum 458 Lachnophyllum gossypinum 458 Lactuca 423 Lactuca altaica 424 Lactuca crambifolia 423 Lactuca dissecta 423 Lactuca glauciifolia 423 Lactuca orientalis 423 Lactuca serriola 424 Lactuca soongorica 424 Lactuca spinidens 424 Lactuca tatarica 424 Lactuca undulata 424 Ladyginia bucharica 491 Lagochilus 403 Lagochilus inebrians 403 Lagochilus olgae 404 Lagochilus proskorjakovii 404 Lagochilus seravschanicus 405 Lagotis 379 Lagotis korolkowii 379 Lallemantia 389 Lallemantia royleana 389 Lamiaceae 383 Lamium 401 Lamium album 401 Lamium amplexicaule 401 Laphangium 455 Laphangium luteoalbum 455 Lappula 365 Lappula brachycentra 365 Lappula consanguinea 366 Lappula marginata 366 Lappula microcarpa 365 Lappula myosotis 365 Lappula nuratavica 365 Lappula occultata 366 Lappula patula 366 Lappula sarawschanica 366 Lappula semialata 366 Lappula semiglabra 366 Lappula sessiliflora 366 Lappula sinaica 366 Lappula spinocarpos 366 Lappula squarrosa 366 Lathyrus 216 Lathyrus aphaca 216 Lathyrus asiaticus 216 Lathyrus cicera 216 Lathyrus inconspicuus 216 Lathyrus pratensis 216 Lathyrus sativus 216 Lathyrus tuberosus 217 Launaea 423 Launaea korovinii 423 Launaea procumbens 423 Leguminosae 172 Leiospora 281 Leiospora subscapigera 281 Lemna 48 Lemna gibba 48 Lemna minor 48 Lens 216 Lens culinaris subsp. orientalis 216 Lentibulariaceae 382 Leontice 144 Leontice eversmannii 144 Leontopodium 455 Leontopodium fedtschenkoanum 455 Leonurus 402 Leonurus glaucescens 402 Leonurus turkestanicus 402 Lepidium 289 Lepidium botschantsevianum 289 Lepidium draba subsp. chalepense 290 Lepidium ferganense 290 Lepidium lacerum 290 Lepidium latifolium 290 Lepidium lipskyi 290 Lepidium olgae 290 Lepidium orientale 291 Lepidium perfoliatum 291 Lepidolopha 472 Lepidolopha komarowii 472 Lepidolopha nuratavica 472 Lepidolopsis 464 Lepidolopsis turkestanica 464 Leptaleum 283 Leptaleum filifolium 283 Leptorhabdos 416 Leptorhabdos parviflora 416 Lepyrodiclis 317 Lepyrodiclis holosteoides 317 Lepyrodiclis stellarioides 317 Leymus 132 Leymus alaicus 132 Leymus angustus 132 Leymus multicaulis 133 Libanotis 489 Libanotis schrenkiana 489 Ligularia 452 Ligularia alpigena 452 Ligularia heterophylla 452 Ligularia thomsonii 452 Liliaceae 54 Liliopsida 47 Limonium 301 Limonium otolepis 301 Limonium reniforme 302 Limonium suffruticosum 302 Linaceae 256 Linaria 381 Linaria popovii 381 Linaria sessilis 381 Lindelofia 369 Lindelofia macrostyla 369 Lindelofia olgae 369 Lindelofia stylosa 369 Linum 256 Linum corymbulosum 256 Linum humile 257 Linum macrorhizum 256 Linum olgae 256 Linum usitatissimum 256 Lipskya 482 Lipskya insignis 482 Lipskyella 444 Lipskyella annua 444 Lithospermum 360 Lithospermum officinale 360 Litwinowia 284 Litwinowia tenuissima 284 Lloydia 64 Lloydia serotina 64 Loliolum 122 Loliolum subulatum 122 Lolium 126 Lolium perenne 126 Lolium persicum 126 Lolium temulentum 126 Lomatogonium 357 Lomatogonium carinthiacum 357 Londesia eriantha 334 Lonicera 473 Lonicera altmannii 474 Lonicera bracteolaris 473 Lonicera humilis 474 Lonicera korolkowii 474 Lonicera microphylla 475 Lonicera nummulariifolia 475 Lonicera olgae 475 Lonicera paradoxa 476 Lonicera semenovii 476 Lonicera simulatrix 476 Lonicera zeravshanica 476 Lophanthus 387 Lophanthus ouroumitanensis 387 Lophanthus schtschurowskianus 387 Lophanthus subnivalis 387 Lotus 178 Lotus krylovii 178 Lotus sergievskiae 178 Luzula 94 Luzula pallescens 94 INDEX OF LATIN NAMES Luzula spicata 94 Lycium 374 Lycium dasystemum 374 Lycium ruthenicum 374 Lycopus 412 Lycopus europaeus 412 Lysimachia 349 Lysimachia dubia 349 Lysimachia maritima 349 Lythraceae 261 Lythrum 261 Lythrum hyssopifolia 261 Lythrum nanum 261 M Macrotomia euchroma 362 Magnoliopsida 135 Malus 222 Malus sieversii 222 Malva 270 Malva neglecta 270 Malvaceae 270 Marrubium 386 Marrubium anisodon 386 Marsilea 35 Marsilea quadrifolia 35 Marsileaceae 35 Matthiola 282 Matthiola chorassanica 282 Matthiola integrifolia 282 Matthiola obovata 282 Mattiastrum 368 Mattiastrum himalayense 368 Mausolea 464 Mausolea eriocarpa 464 Mazaceae 413 Mediasia 490 Mediasia macrophylla 490 Medicago 176 Medicago denticulata 176 Medicago lupulina 176 Medicago medicaginoides 176 Medicago minima 176 Medicago monantha 176 Medicago orbicularis 176 Medicago orthoceras 176 Medicago polymorpha 176 Medicago rigidula 177 Medicago sativa 177 Megacarpaea 291 Megacarpaea gigantea 291 Megacarpaea orbiculata 291 Melandrium album 322 Melandrium ruinarium 324 Melandrium turkestanicum 324 Melica 116 Melica altissima 116 Melica hohenackeri 116 Melica inaequiglumis 116 Melilotus 177 Melilotus albus 177 Melilotus officinalis 177 Melissitus 176 Melissitus adscendens 174 Melissitus aristatus 174 Melissitus gontscharovii 175 Melissitus pamiricus 176 Melissitus popovii 176 Meniocus linifolius 286 Mentha 412 Mentha longifolia subsp. asiatica 412 Mentha pamiroalaica 413 Merendera 53 Merendera robusta 53 Meristotropis triphylla 206 Mesostemma 315 Mesostemma karatavica 315 Microcephala 473 Microcephala lamellata 473 Microcephala turcomanica 473 Microthlaspi perfoliatum 292 Milium 108 Milium vernale 108 Minuartia 317 Minuartia hamata 317 Minuartia kryloviana 317 Minuartia meyeri 317 Monocots 47 Moraceae 242 Morus 242 Morus alba 242 Morus nigra 242 Myosotis 365 Myosotis alpestris 365 Myosotis caespitosa 365 Myosotis laxa subsp. caespitosa 365 Myosotis micrantha 365 Myosotis refracta 365 Myosotis stricta 365 Myricaria 297 Myricaria bracteata 297 Myricaria germanica 297 Myriophyllum 169 Myriophyllum spicatum 169 N Najas 50 Najas marina 50 Najas minor 50 Nanophyton 344 Nanophyton erinaceum 344 Nanophyton saxatile 344 Nardurus krausei 123 Nasturtium 276 Nasturtium fontanum 276 Nasturtium officinale 276 Neotorularia 274 Neotorularia torulosa 274 Nepeta 387 Nepeta alatavica 387 Nepeta bracteata 387 Nepeta cataria 388 Nepeta kokanica 388 Nepeta mariae 388 Nepeta maussarifii 388 Nepeta micrantha 388 Nepeta nuda 388 Nepeta olgae 388 Nepeta pannonica 388 Nepeta podostachys 388 Nepeta pungens 388 Nepeta saturejoides 388 Nepeta ucranica 388 Neslia 294 Neslia apiculata 294 Neslia paniculata subsp. thracica 294 Neuroloma fruticulosum 279 Neuroloma nuratense 279 Neurotropis 293 Neurotropis platycarpa 293 Nicandra 376 Nicandra physaloides 376 Nigella 156 Nigella integrifolia 156 Nitrariaceae 264 Nonea 364 Nonea caspica 364 Nonea melanocarpa 365 Nonea pulla 365 O Octoceras 284 Octoceras lehmannianum 284 Oedibasis 486 Oedibasis apiculata 486 Oedibasis tamerlanii 486 Oleaceae 377 Olimarabidopsis 275 Olimarabidopsis pumila 275 Olimarabidopsis umbrosa 275 Onagraceae 261 Onobrychis 208 Onobrychis chorassanica 208 Onobrychis echidna 209 Onobrychis gontscharovii 210 Onobrychis grandis 210 Onobrychis micrantha 210 Onobrychis pulchella 210 Onobrychis saravschanica 211 Ononis 174 Ononis spinosa subsp. antiquorum 174 Onopordum 435 Onopordum acantium 435 Onopordum leptolepis 436 Onosma 362 Onosma dichroanta 362 Onosma maracandica 362 Ophioglossaceae 34 Orchidaceae 65 Orchis 65 Orchis pseudolaxiflora 65 Origanum 411 Origanum tyttanthum 411 Origanum vulgare subsp. gracile 411 Orlaya 481 Orlaya grandiflora 481 517 518 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Orobanchaceae 414 Orobanche 414 Orobanche aegyptiaca 414 Orobanche amoena 414 Orobanche cernua 414 Orobanche coelestis 414 Orobanche elatior 414 Orobanche gigantea 414 Orobanche hansii 414 Orobanche orientalis 414 Orobanche pallens 414 Orobanche sulphurea 415 Orthurus 228 Orthurus heterocarpus 228 Orthurus kokanicus 228 Oxyria 303 Oxyria digyna 303 Oxytropis 202 Oxytropis aspera 202 Oxytropis capusii 202 Oxytropis chesneyoides 202 Oxytropis humifusa 202 Oxytropis immersa 202 Oxytropis integripetala 202 Oxytropis kamelinii 202 Oxytropis lehmanni 202 Oxytropis leucocyanea 202 Oxytropis lipskyi 203 Oxytropis macrocarpa 203 Oxytropis michelsonii 204 Oxytropis microsphaera 204 Oxytropis platonychia 204 Oxytropis pseudorosea 204 Oxytropis riparia 205 Oxytropis rosea 205 Oxytropis savellanica 205 Oxytropis seravschanica 205 Oxytropis tachtensis 205 Oxytropis trichocalycina 205 P Pachypterygium brevipes 277 Pachypterygium densiflorum 277 Paeonia 164 Paeonia hybrida 164 Paeonia tenuifolia 164 Paeoniaceae 164 Papaver 136 Papaver croceum 137 Papaver dubium 136 Papaver litwinowii 136 Papaver nudicaule 137 Papaver pavoninum 138 Papaveraceae 136 Paracaryum glochidiatum 368 Paracaryum himalayense 368 Paramicrorhynchus procumbens 423 Paraquilegia 147 Paraquilegia caespitosa 147 Parentucellia 416 Parentucellia flaviflora 416 Parietaria 242 Parietaria debilis 242 Parietaria lusitanica subsp. serbica Parietaria micrantha 242 Parietaria serbica 242 Parnassia 245 Parnassia laxmannii 245 Parrya 279 Parrya fruticulosa 279 Parrya hispida 279 Parrya khorasanica 279 Parrya nuratensis 279 Parrya olgae 280 Parrya sarawschanica 281 Pedicularis 417 Pedicularis dolichorrhiza 417 Pedicularis krylovii 417 Pedicularis olgae 417 Pedicularis peduncularis 418 Pedicularis popovii 418 Pedicularis rhinanthoides 418 Pedicularis sarawschanica 418 Pedicularis waldheimii 418 Peganum 264 Peganum harmala 264 Pentanema 454 Pentanema albertoregelia 454 Pentanema divaricatum 454 Pentaphylloides 227 Pentaphylloides parvifolia 227 Perovskia 409 Perovskia angustifolia 409 Perovskia botschantzevii 409 Perovskia kudrjaschevii 409 Perovskia scrophulariifolia 409 Persicaria 313 Persicaria amphibia 313 Persicaria bistorta 313 Persicaria hydropiper 313 Persicaria lapathifolia 314 Persicaria maculata 314 Persicaria minor 314 Petrorhagia 326 Petrorhagia alpina 326 Phaecasium pulchrum 427 Phalaroides 105 Phalaroides arundinacea 105 Phelipanche aegyptiaca 414 Phelipanche coelestis 414 Phelipanche orientalis 414 Phelipanche pallens 414 Phleum 109 Phleum alpinum 109 Phleum exaratum 110 Phleum paniculatum 110 Phleum phleoides 111 Phleum pratense 111 Phlomis 398 Phlomis linearifolia 398 Phlomis nubilans 399 Phlomis olgae 400 Phlomis salicifolia 400 Phlomis thapsoides 400 242 Phlomoides 392 Phlomoides ambigua 392 Phlomoides anisochila 393 Phlomoides canescens 394 Phlomoides dszumrutensis 397 Phlomoides eriocalyx 395 Phlomoides kaufmanniana 395 Phlomoides labiosa 396 Phlomoides napuligera 396 Phlomoides oreophila 397 Phlomoides sogdiana 397 Phlomoides speciosa 397 Phlomoides uniflora 397 Phragmites 114 Phragmites australis 114 Picnomon 435 Picnomon acarna 435 Picris 422 Picris nuristanica 422 Pilosella 427 Pilosella echioides 427 Pilosella procera 428 Pimpinella 487 Pimpinella peregrina 487 Piptatherum 107 Piptatherum alpestre 107 Piptatherum ferganense 108 Piptatherum holciforme 108 Piptatherum laterale 108 Piptatherum latifolium 108 Piptatherum microcarpum 108 Piptatherum pamiralaicum 108 Piptatherum platyanthum 108 Piptatherum sogdianum 108 Piptatherum songaricum 108 Piptatherum vicarium 108 Pistacia 265 Pistacia vera 265 Plantaginaceae 377 Plantago 379 Plantago gentianoides 379 Plantago lagocephala 379 Plantago lanceolata 379 Plantago major 379 Platanaceae 164 Platanus 164 Platanus orientalis 164 Platycladus 44 Platycladus orientalis 44 Pleioneura 329 Pleioneura griffithiana 329 Plumbaginaceae 297 Poa 117 Poa alpina 117 Poa angustifolia 118 Poa annua 118 Poa bactriana 118 Poa bucharica 118 Poa bulbosa 98 118 Poa diaphora 120 Poa fragilis 120 Poa litvinoviana 120 INDEX OF LATIN NAMES Poa nemoralis 120 Poa palustris 120 Poa pratensis 120 Poa relaxa 120 Poa supina 120 Poa trivialis 120 Poaceae 103 Polycnemum 329 Polycnemum arvense 329 Polycnemum perenne 330 Polygala 217 Polygala hybrida 217 Polygalaceae 217 Polygonaceae 303 Polygonatum 90 Polygonatum sewerzowii 90 Polygonum 311 Polygonum acetosum 311 Polygonum amphibium 313 Polygonum argyrocoleon 311 Polygonum aviculare 311 Polygonum biaristatum 311 Polygonum coriarium 311 Polygonum fibrilliferum 311 Polygonum hissaricum 312 Polygonum inflexum 312 Polygonum molliiforme 312 Polygonum nitens 313 Polygonum paronychioides 312 Polygonum patulum 312 Polygonum polychnemoides 312 Polygonum pulvinatum 312 Polygonum rottboellioides 312 Polygonum subaphyllum 312 Polygonum vvedenskyi 312 Polypodiaceae 38 Polypodiophyta 33 Polypogon 111 Polypogon fugax 111 Polypogon monspleniensis 111 Polypogon semiverticillatus 111 Polypogon viridis 111 Populus 248 Populus afghanica 248 Populus alba 249 Populus euphratica 250 Populus nigra 250 Populus pruinosa 250 Populus talassica 250 Portulaca 345 Portulaca oleracea 345 Portulacaceae 345 Potamogeton 50 Potamogeton crispus 50 Potamogeton filiformis 50 Potamogeton lucens 50 Potamogeton natans 50 Potamogeton pectinatus 51 Potamogeton perfoliatus 51 Potamogeton pusillus 51 Potamogetonaceae 50 Potentilla 225 Potentilla asiae-mediae 225 Potentilla asiatica 225 Potentilla desertorum 225 Potentilla flabellata 225 Potentilla gelida 225 Potentilla hololeuca 226 Potentilla impolita 226 Potentilla inclinata 226 Potentilla orientalis 226 Potentilla pamiroalaica 226 Potentilla pedata 226 Potentilla reptans 227 Potentilla soongorica 227 Potentilla supina 227 Potentilla vvedenskyi 227 Poterium lasiocarpum 229 Poterium polygamum 229 Prangos 483 Prangos didyma 483 Prangos fedtschenkoi 483 Prangos ornata 483 Prangos pabularia 484 Primula 347 Primula algida 347 Primula fedtschenkoi 347 Primula iljinskii 347 Primula lactiflora 349 Primula matthioli 347 Primula olgae 349 Primula pamirica 349 Primula turkeviczii 349 Primulaceae 347 Prunella 391 Prunella vulgaris 391 Prunus 233 Prunus armeniaca 233 Prunus bucharica 233 Prunus cerasus 234 Prunus divaricata 234 Prunus domestica 234 Prunus dulcis 235 Prunus erythrocarpa 235 Prunus mahaleb 236 Prunus spinosissima 237 Prunus verrucosa 238 Pseudoclausia hispida 279 Pseudoclausia olgae 280 Pseudoclausia sarawschanica 281 Pseudoclausia turkestanica 279 Pseudohandelia 462 Pseudohandelia umbellifera 462 Pseudolinosyris 456 Pseudolinosyris grimmii 456 Pseudosedum 168 Pseudosedum bucharicum 168 Pseudosedum campanuliflorum 168 Pseudosedum lievenii 169 Pseudosedum longidentatum 169 Psilurus 126 Psilurus incurvus 126 Psoralea drupacea 178 Psychrogeton 458 Psychrogeton amorphoglossus 458 Psychrogeton aucherii 457 Psychrogeton leucophyllus 458 Psychrogeton pseuderigeron 458 Psylliostachys 303 Psylliostachys leptostachya 303 Psylliostachys suworowii 303 Psylliostachys × myosuroides 303 Pteridaceae 35 Puccinelia 121 Puccinelia distans 121 Puccinellia poecilantha 121 Pulicaria 454 Pulicaria dysenterica subsp. uliginosa 454 Pulicaria gnaphalodes 454 Pulicaria salviifolia 454 Pulicaria uliginosa 454 Pulsatilla 158 Pulsatilla campanella 158 Pycreus 99 Pycreus globosus 99 Pyrethrum 471 Pyrethrum galae 471 Pyrethrum parthenifolium 472 Pyrethrum pyrethroides 471 Pyrola 351 Pyrola rotundifolia 351 Pyrus 221 Pyrus communis 221 Pyrus korshinskyi 221 Pyrus regelii 221 Pyrus turcomanica 222 Q Queria hispanica 317 R Ranunculaceae 145 Ranunculus 159 Ranunculus arvensis 159 Ranunculus baldshuanicus 160 Ranunculus brevirostris 160 Ranunculus komarovii 160 Ranunculus linearilobus 160 Ranunculus mindshelkensis 160 Ranunculus natans 161 Ranunculus olgae 161 Ranunculus oxyspermus 161 Ranunculus paucidentatus 161 Ranunculus pinnatisectus 161 Ranunculus pulchellus 162 Ranunculus repens 162 Ranunculus rionii 162 Ranunculus rubrocalyx 162 Ranunculus rufosepalus 162 Ranunculus sceleratus 163 Ranunculus sewerzowii 163 Ranunculus songaricus 164 Ranunculus sphaerospermus 164 Ranunculus tenuilobus 164 Ranunculus trichophyllus 164 519 520 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Reaumuria 295 Reaumuria alternifolia 295 Reaumuria fruticosa 295 Reseda 273 Reseda lutea 273 Reseda luteola 273 Resedaceae 273 Rhabdotheca korovinii 423 Rhamnaceae 240 Rhamnus 240 Rhamnus cathartica 240 Rhamnus coriacea 240 Rhaponticum 449 Rhaponticum repens 449 Rheum 305 Rheum macrocarpum 305 Rheum maximowiczii 305 Rheum turkestanicum 306 Rheum сordatum 305 Rhinactinidia 457 Rhinactinidia popovii 457 Rhodiola 166 Rhodiola heterodonta 166 Ribes 165 Ribes meyeri 165 Rindera 368 Rindera tetraspis 368 Rochelia 367 Rochelia bungei 367 Rochelia cardiosepala 367 Rochelia disperma subsp. retorta Rochelia leiocarpa 367 Rochelia peduncularis 368 Roemeria 138 Roemeria hybrida 138 Roemeria refracta 139 Rorippa 276 Rorippa palustris 276 Rosa 229 Rosa beggeriana 229 Rosa canina 230 Rosa corymbifera 230 Rosa ecae 230 Rosa fedtschenkoana 230 Rosa hissarica 231 Rosa kokanica 231 Rosa lehmanniana 231 Rosa maracandica 232 Rosa nanothamnus 233 Rosa transturkestanica 233 Rosaceae 217 Rosularia 169 Rosularia paniculata 169 Rosularia radicosa 169 Rosularia subspicata 169 Rubia 354 Rubia regelii 354 Rubiaceae 351 Rubus 224 Rubus caesius 224 Rumex 304 Rumex acetosa 304 Rumex chalepensis 304 Rumex conglomeratus 304 Rumex crispus 304 Rumex dentatus halacsyi 304 Rumex drobovii 304 Rumex halacsyi 304 Rumex marschallianus 304 Rumex pamiricus 304 Rumex paulsenianus 304 Rumex rectinervis 304 Rumex syriacus 304 Rumex tianschanicus 304 Ruppia 51 Ruppia maritima 51 Ruppiaceae 51 Rutaceae 266 S 367 Saccharum 103 Saccharum spontaneum 103 Sageretia 240 Sageretia thea 240 Sagina 317 Sagina saginoides 317 Sagittaria 49 Sagittaria trifolia 49 Salicaceae 248 Salicornia 336 Salicornia europaea 336 Salix 251 Salix alba 251 Salix blakii 251 Salix olgae 251 Salix pycnostachya 251 Salix rosmarinifolia 251 Salix songarica 251 Salix wilhelmsiana 251 Salsola 337 Salsola arbuscula 337 Salsola arbusculiformis 337 Salsola collina 337 Salsola dendroides 337 Salsola foliosa 338 Salsola iberica 338 Salsola leptoclada 338 Salsola micranthera 338 Salsola orientalis 338 Salsola paletzkiana 338 Salsola paulsenii 338 Salsola richteri 338 Salsola sclerantha 339 Salsola titovii 339 Salsola turkestanica 339 Salsola vvedenskyi 339 Salvia 407 Salvia aequidens 407 Salvia deserta 407 Salvia glabricaulis 407 Salvia macrosiphon 407 Salvia sarawschanica 407 Salvia sclarea 407 Salvia spinosa 408 Salvia submutica 409 Salvia virgata 409 Salvinia 35 Salvinia natans 35 Salviniaceae 35 Samolus 349 Samolus valerandi 349 Sanguisorba 229 Sanguisorba minor 229 Sanguisorba minor subsp. balearica 229 Santalaceae 294 Sapindaceae 265 Saponaria griffithiana 329 Saussurea 444 Saussurea elegans 444 Saussurea salsa 444 Saxifraga 165 Saxifraga hirculus 165 Saxifraga sibirica 166 Saxifragaceae 165 Scabiosa 477 Scabiosa flavida 477 Scabiosa olivierii 477 Scabiosa rhodantha 477 Scabiosa songarica 477 Scandix 480 Scandix nodosa 480 Scandix pecten-veneris 480 Scandix stellata 480 Scapiarabis 276 Scapiarabis saxicola 276 Scariola orientalis 423 Schismus 117 Schismus arabicus 117 Schoenoplectus 95 Schoenoplectus litoralis 95 Schoenoplectus triqueter 95 Schoenus 99 Schoenus nigricans 99 Schrenkia 481 Schrenkia golickeana 481 Schrenkia pungens 482 Schrenkia vaginata 482 Schrenkiella 274 Schrenkiella parvula 274 Schtschurowskia 482 Schtschurowskia meifolia 482 Scirpus 95 Scirpus triquetriformis 95 Sclerochloa 117 Sclerochloa dura 117 Scorzonera 429 Scorzonera acanthoclada 429 Scorzonera bracteosa 429 Scorzonera circumflexa 429 Scorzonera hissarica 429 Scorzonera inconspicua 429 Scorzonera litwinowii 429 Scorzonera ovata 430 Scorzonera pusilla 431 Scorzonera songarica 431 INDEX OF LATIN NAMES Scorzonera tragopogonoides 431 Scrophularia 381 Scrophularia gontscharovii 381 Scrophularia griffithii 381 Scrophularia heucheriiflora 381 Scrophularia incisa 381 Scrophularia integrifolia 381 Scrophularia kiriloviana 382 Scrophularia leucoclada 382 Scrophularia scoparia 382 Scrophularia striata 382 Scrophularia umbrosa 382 Scrophularia vvedenskyi 382 Scrophularia xanthoglossa 382 Scrophulariaceae 380 Scutellaria 383 Scutellaria adenostegia 383 Scutellaria comosa 383 Scutellaria cordifrons 383 Scutellaria galericulata 384 Scutellaria glabrata 385 Scutellaria immaculata 385 Scutellaria intermedia 385 Scutellaria oxystegia 385 Scutellaria phyllostachya 386 Scutellaria ramosissima 386 Scutellaria schachristanica 386 Scutellaria squarrosa 386 Secale 128 Secale cereale 128 Secale segetale 128 Secale sylvestre 128 Sedum 167 Sedum hispanicum 167 Sedum pentapetalum 167 Sedum tetramerum 168 Semenovia 498 Semenovia dasycarpa 498 Semenovia heterodonta 498 Semenovia pimpinelloides 498 Senecio 451 Senecio franchetii 451 Senecio olgae 451 Senecio subdentatus 451 Sergia 421 Sergia regelii 421 Serratula 450 Serratula algida 450 Serratula lancifolia 450 Seseli 488 Seseli calycinum 488 Seseli korovinii 488 Seseli lehmannianum 488 Seseli mucronatum 488 Seseli schrenkianum 489 Seseli seravschanicum 488 Seseli tenuisectum 489 Seseli turbinatum 489 Setaria 104 Setaria lutescens 104 Setaria verticillata 104 Setaria viridis 105 Sibbaldia 227 Sibbaldia tetrandra 227 Sideritis 387 Sideritis montana 387 Silene 320 Silene brahuica 320 Silene claviformis 320 Silene conica 320 Silene coniflora 321 Silene conoidea 321 Silene graminifolia 322 Silene guntensis 322 Silene incurvifolia 322 Silene kuschakewiczii 322 Silene latifolia 322 Silene longicalycina 322 Silene longicarpophora 325 Silene nana 323 Silene nevskii 323 Silene obtusidentata 323 Silene paranadena 323 Silene plurifolia 324 Silene praelonga 324 Silene praemixta 324 Silene pugionifolia 324 Silene ruinarum 324 Silene schischkinii 322 Silene stenantha 324 Silene tachtensis 324 Silene turkestanica 324 Silene uralensis subsp. apetala 324 Silene vulgaris 324 Simaroubaceae 269 Sinapis 287 Sinapis alba 287 Sinapis arvensis 287 Sisymbrium 274 Sisymbrium altissimum 274 Sisymbrium brassiciforme 274 Sisymbrium loeselii 274 Sium 487 Sium sisaroideum 487 Smelowskia 275 Smelowskia sisymbrioides 275 Smirnowia 179 Smirnowia turkestana 179 Solanaceae 373 Solanum 373 Solanum americanum 373 Solanum asiae-mediae 373 Solanum kitagawae 373 Solanum olgae 373 Solenanthus 369 Solenanthus circinatus 369 Solenanthus turkestanicus 370 Solidago 456 Solidago kuhistanica 456 Sonchus 424 Sonchus arvensis 424 Sonchus asper 425 Sonchus oleraceus 425 Sonchus palustris 425 Sophiopsis sisymbrioides 275 Sophora 172 Sophora alopecuroides 172 Sophora lehmanni 173 Sophora pachycarpa 173 Sorbus 222 Sorbus persica 222 Sorbus tianschanica 223 Sorghum 104 Sorghum halepense 104 Sparganium 92 Sparganium stoloniferum 92 Spergularia 319 Spergularia diandra 319 Spergularia marina 319 Spergularia marina 319 Spergularia media 319 Spergularia rubra 319 Spinacia 332 Spinacia turkestanica 332 Spiraea 217 Spiraea hypericifolia 217 Spiraea pilosa 217 Spirorrhynchus sabulosus 277 Stachyopsis 400 Stachyopsis oblongata 400 Stachys 405 Stachys hissarica 405 Stachys setifera 405 Stellaria 314 Stellaria alsinoides 314 Stellaria brachypetala 314 Stellaria karatavica 315 Stellaria media 314 Stellaria neglecta 314 Stellaria pallida 314 Stellaria turkestanica 314 Steptorhamphus crambifolius 423 Stipa 106 Stipa arabica 106 Stipa capillata 106 Stipa caragana 106 Stipa caucasica 107 Stipa hohenackeriana 107 Stipa kirghisorum 107 Stipa kurdistanica 107 Stipa lessingiana 107 Stipa lingua 107 Stipa lipskyi 107 Stipa margelanica 107 Stipa orientalis 107 Stipa richteriana 107 Stipa sareptana 107 Stipa splendens 107 Stipa trichoides 107 Stipa turkestanica 107 Stipagrostis 105 Stipagrostis karelinii 105 Stipagrostis pennata 106 Stizolophus 449 Stizolophus balsamita 449 Streptoloma 283 521 522 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN Streptoloma desertorum 283 Strigosella 281 Strigosella africana 281 Strigosella brevipes 281 Strigosella grandiflora 281 Strigosella intermedia 281 Strigosella scorpioides 281 Strigosella stenopetala 281 Strigosella trichocarpa 281 Strigosella turkestanica 281 Stroganowia angustifolia 289 Stubendorffia lipskyi 290 Stubendorffia olgae 290 Stubendorffia orientalis 291 Suaeda 337 Suaeda acuminata 337 Suaeda altissima 337 Suaeda arcuata 337 Suaeda crassifolia 334 Suaeda dendroides 337 Suaeda heterophylla 337 Suaeda linifolia 337 Suaeda paradoxa 337 Suaeda physophora 337 Swertia 357 Swertia lactea 357 Symphyotrichum 458 Symphyotrichum ciliatum 458 T Taeniatherum 130 Taeniatherum asperum 130 Taeniatherum caput-medusae 130 Takhtajaniantha 431 Takhtajaniantha pusilla 431 Tamaricaceae 295 Tamarix 295 Tamarix androssowii var. transcaucassica 295 Tamarix arceuthoides 295 Tamarix elongata 296 Tamarix hispida 296 Tamarix hohenackeri 297 Tamarix laxa 296 Tamarix ramosissima 297 Tamarix smyrnensis 297 Tanacetopsis 463 Tanacetopsis karataviensis 463 Tanacetopsis mucronata 464 Tanacetopsis urgutensis 464 Tanacetum 472 Tanacetum parthenifolium 472 Tanacetum pseudachillea 472 Taraxacum 425 Taraxacum bessarabicum 425 Taraxacum bicorne 425 Taraxacum brevirostre 425 Taraxacum contristans 425 Taraxacum ecornutum 425 Taraxacum elongatum 425 Taraxacum erostre 425 Taraxacum glaucivirens 425 Taraxacum maracandicum 426 Taraxacum marginatum 426 Taraxacum minutilobium 426 Taraxacum modestum 426 Taraxacum monochlamydeum 426 Taraxacum montanum 426 Taraxacum nevskii 426 Taraxacum nuratavicum 426 Taraxacum officinale 426 Taraxacum popovii 426 Taraxacum reflexum 426 Taraxacum repandum 426 Taraxacum sonchoides 426 Taraxacum strobilocephalum 426 Tauscheria 277 Tauscheria lasiocarpa 277 Tetracme 283 Tetracme quadricornis 283 Tetracme recurvata 283 Tetrataenium olgae 497 Teucrium 383 Teucrium scordium subsp. scordioides 383 Thalictrum 147 Thalictrum isopyroides 147 Thalictrum minus 147 Thalictrum sultanabadense 147 Thlaspi 292 Thlaspi arvense 292 Thlaspi kotschyanum 293 Thlaspi perfoliatum 292 Thymelaceae 272 Thymelaea 272 Thymelaea passerina 272 Thymus 411 Thymus seravschanicus 411 Thymus subnervosus 412 Torilis 480 Torilis arvensis 480 Torilis leptophylla 481 Trachomitum 358 Trachomitum scabrum 358 Tragopogon 432 Tragopogon capitatus 432 Tragopogon conduplicatus 432 Tragopogon kraschennikovii 433 Tragopogon kultiassovii 432 Tragopogon malikus 433 Tragopogon porrifolius subsp. longirostris 433 Tragopogon pseudomajor 433 Tragopogon turkestanicus 433 Tragopogon vvedenskyi 433 Tribulus 171 Tribulus terrestris 171 Trichantemis 471 Trichanthemis karataviensis 471 Trichochiton inconspicuum 282 Trichodesma 370 Trichodesma incanum 370 Trifolium 177 Trifolium campestre 177 Trifolium fragiferum 177 Trifolium neglectum 177 Trifolium pratense 177 Trifolium repens 178 Triglochin 50 Triglochin palustre 50 Trigon ella gontscharovii 175 Trigonella 174 Trigonella adscendens 174 Trigonella arcuata 176 Trigonella aristata 174 Trigonella cancellata 174 Trigonella geminiflora 175 Trigonella grandiflora 175 Trigonella noeana 176 Trigonella orthoceras 176 Trigonella popovii 176 Trigonella verae 176 Tripleurospermum 473 Tripleurospermum disciforme 473 Tripolium 457 Tripolium pannonicum subsp. tripolium 457 Trisetum 113 Trisetum spicatum 113 Trollius 149 Trollius komarovii 149 Tulipa 61 Tulipa affinis 61 Tulipa borszczowii 62 Tulipa buhseana 62 Tulipa lehmanniana 62 Tulipa micheliana 63 Turgenia 481 Turgenia latifolia 481 Turristis 276 Turristis glabra 276 Tussilago 452 Tussilago farfara 452 Tulipa 61 Tulipa affinis 61 Tulipa borszczowii 62 Tulipa buhseana 62 Тulipa dasystemon 62 Тulipa dasystemonoides 62 Тulipa korolkowii 62 Тulipa turkestanica 64 Typha 92 Typha angustata 92 Typha angustifolia 92 Typha latifolia 93 Typha laxmannii 93 Typha minima 93 Typhaceae 92 Tytthostemma alsinoides 314 U Ulmaceae 241 Ulmus 241 Ulmus glabra 241 Ulmus laevis 241 Ulmus minor 241 INDEX OF LATIN NAMES Ulmus pumila 241 Umbelliferae 479 Ungernia 76 Ungernia oligostroma 76 Urtica 242 Urtica dioica 242 Urticaceae 242 Utricularia 382 Utricularia minor 382 V Vaccaria 326 Vaccaria hispanica 326 Valeriana 478 Valeriana chionophila 478 Valeriana fedtschenkoi 478 Valeriana ficarifolia 478 Valerianella 478 Valerianella coronata 478 Valerianella cymbocarpa 479 Valerianella dactylophylla 479 Valerianella muricata 479 Valerianella oxyrrhyncha 479 Valerianella plagiostephana 479 Valerianella szovitsiana 479 Valerianella turkestanica 479 Valerianella vvedenskyi 479 Vallisneria 49 Vallisneria spiralis 49 Velezia 329 Velezia rigida 329 Verbascum 380 Verbascum bactrianum 380 Verbascum blattaria 380 Verbascum erianthum 380 Verbascum songaricum 380 Verbascum turkestanicum 381 Verbena 382 Verbena officinalis 382 Verbenaceae 382 Veronica 377 Veronica anagallis-aquatica 377 Veronica anagalloides 377 Veronica arguteserrata 377 Veronica arvensis 377 Veronica beccabunga 378 Veronica biloba 378 Veronica campylopoda 378 Veronica capillipes 378 Veronica cardiocarpa 378 Veronica hederifolia 378 Veronica intercedens 378 Veronica oxycarpa 378 Veronica persica 378 Veronica polita 378 Veronica verna 378 Vexibia alopecuroides 172 Vexibia pachycarpa 173 Vicia 214 Vicia anatolica 214 Vicia angustifolia 215 Vicia ervilia 214 Vicia gracilior 215 Vicia hajastana 214 Vicia hyrcanica 214 Vicia kokanica 214 Vicia michauxii 214 Vicia peregrina 215 Vicia sativa subsp. nigra 215 Vicia subvillosa 215 Vicia tenuifolia 215 Vicia villosa 215 Vicoa albertoregelia 454 Viola 247 Viola alaica 247 Viola occulta 247 Viola suavis 248 Viola turkestanica 248 Violaceae 247 Vitaceae 170 Vitis 170 Vitis vinifera 170 Vulpia 122 Vulpia ciliata 122 Vulpia myuros 122 Vulpia persica 122 Vulpia unilateralis 123 W Waldheimia 471 Waldheimia glabra 471 Waldheimia tomentosa 471 X Xanthium 473 Xanthium spinosum 473 Xanthium strumarium 473 Xeranthemum 435 Xeranthemum longepapposum 435 Y Youngia serawschanica 424 Z Zannichellia 51 Zannichellia pedunculata 51 Ziziphora 410 Ziziphora clinopodioides 410 Ziziphora pamiroalaica 410 Ziziphora suffruticosa 410 Ziziphora tenuior 410 Zygophyllaceae 170 Zygophyllum 170 Zygophyllum jaxarticum 170 Zygophyllum macrophyllum 170 Zygophyllum miniatum 171 Zygophyllum oxianum 171 523 524 FLORA OF THE DZHIZAK PROVINCE, UZBEKISTAN