Fungal Planet description sheets: 785–867
By: P.W. Crous, J.J. Luangsa-ard, M.J. Wingfield, A.J. Carnegie, M. Hernández-Restrepo, L.
Lombard, J. Roux, R.W. Barreto, I.G. Baseia, J.F. Cano-Lira, M.P. Martín, O.V. Morozova,
A.M. Stchigel, B.A. Summerell, T.E. Brandrud, B. Dima, D. García, A. Giraldo, J. Guarro,
L.F.P. Gusmão, P. Khamsuntorn, M.E. Noordeloos, S. Nuankaew, U. Pinruan, E. RodríguezAndrade, C.M. Souza-Motta, R. Thangavel, A.L. van Iperen, V.P. Abreu, T. Accioly, J.L. Alves,
J.P. Andrade, M. Bahram, H.-O. Baral, E. Barbier, C.W. Barnes, E. Bendiksen, E. Bernard,
J.D.P. Bezerra, J.L. Bezerra, E. Bizio, J.E. Blair, T.M. Bulyonkova, T.S. Cabral, M.V. Caiafa, T.
Cantillo, A.A. Colmán, L.B. Conceição, S. Cruz, A.O.B. Cunha, B.A. Darveaux, A.L. da Silva,
G.A. da Silva, G.M. da Silva, R.M.F. da Silva, R.J.V. de Oliveira, R.L. Oliveira, J.T. De
Souza,33 M. Dueñas, H.C. Evans, F. Epifani, M.T.C. Felipe, J. Fernández-López, B.W. Ferreira,
C.N. Figueiredo, N.V. Filippova, J.A. Flores, J. Gené, G. Ghorbani, T.B. Gibertoni, A.M.
Glushakova, R. Healy, S.M. Huhndorf, I. Iturrieta-González, M. Javan-Nikkhah, R.F. Juciano, Ž.
Jurjević, A.V. Kachalkin, K. Keochanpheng, I. Krisai-Greilhuber, Y.-C. Li, A.A. Lima,21 A.R.
Machado, H. Madrid, O.M.C. Magalhães, P.A.S. Marbach, G.C.S. Melanda, A.N. Miller, S.
Mongkolsamrit, R.P. Nascimento, T.G.L. Oliveira, M.E. Ordoñez, R. Orzes, M.A. Palma,52 C.J.
Pearce, O.L. Pereira, G. Perrone, S.W. Peterson, T.H.G. Pham, E. Piontelli, A. Pordel, L.
Quijada, H.A. Raja, E. Rosas de Paz, L. Ryvarden, A. Saitta, S.S. Salcedo, M. Sandoval-Denis,
T.A.B. Santos, K.A. Seifert, B.D.B. Silva, M.E. Smith, A.M. Soares, S. Sommai, J.O. Sousa,21
S. Suetrong, A. Susca, L. Tedersoo, M.T. Telleria, D. Thanakitpipattana, N. Valenzuela-Lopez,
C.M. Visagie, M. Zapata, and J.Z. Groenewald
Crous PW, Luangsa-ard JJ, Wingfield MJ, et al. Fungal Planet description sheets: 785-867.
Persoonia. 2018;41:238-417.
Made available courtesy of National Herbarium of The Netherlands & the Westerdijk
Fungal Biodiversity Institute: http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2018.41.12
© National Herbarium of The Netherlands & the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute.
Published under a Creative Commons Attribution, Non-commercial, No derivative License
(CC BY NC ND 3.0); http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode
Abstract:
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as
follows: Angola, Gnomoniopsis angolensis and Pseudopithomyces angolensis on unknown host
plants. Australia, Dothiora corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neoeucasphaeria
eucalypti (incl. Neoeucasphaeria gen. nov.) on Eucalyptussp., Fumagopsis
stellae on Eucalyptus sp., Fusculina eucalyptorum (incl. Fusculinaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus
socialis, Harknessia corymbiicola on Corymbia maculata,
Neocelosporium eucalypti (incl. Neocelosporium gen. nov., Neocelosporiaceae fam. nov.
and Neocelosporiales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus cyanophylla, Neophaeomoniella
corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neophaeomoniella eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus pilularis,
Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiicola on Corymbia citriodora, Teratosphaeria
gracilis on Eucalyptus gracilis, Zasmidium corymbiae on Corymbia
citriodora. Brazil, Calonectria hemileiae on pustules of Hemileia vastatrixformed on leaves
of Coffea arabica, Calvatia caatinguensis on soil, Cercospora solani-betacei on Solanum
betaceum, Clathrus natalensis on soil, Diaporthe poincianellae on Poincianella
pyramidalis, Geastrum piquiriunense on soil, Geosmithia carolliae on wing of Carollia
perspicillata, Henningsia resupinata on wood, Penicillium guaibinense from soil, Periconia
caespitosa from leaf litter, Pseudocercospora styracina on Styraxsp., Simplicillium filiforme as
endophyte from Citrullus lanatus, Thozetella pindobacuensis on leaf
litter, Xenosonderhenia coussapoae on Coussapoa floccosa. Canary Islands (Spain), Orbilia
amarilla on Euphorbia canariensis. Cape Verde Islands, Xylodon jacobaeus on Eucalyptus
camaldulensis. Chile, Colletotrichum arboricola on Fuchsia magellanica. Costa
Rica, Lasiosphaeria miniovina on tree branch. Ecuador, Ganoderma chocoense on tree
trunk. France, Neofitzroyomyces nerii (incl. Neofitzroyomyces gen. nov.) on Nerium
oleander. Ghana, Castanediella tereticornis on Eucalyptus tereticornis, Falcocladium
africanum on Eucalyptus brassiana, Rachicladosporium corymbiae on Corymbia
citriodora. Hungary, Entoloma silvae-frondosae in Carpinus betulus-Pinus sylvestris mixed
forest. Iran, Pseudopyricularia persiana on Cyperus sp.Italy, Inocybe roseascens on soil in
mixed forest. Laos, Ophiocordyceps
houaynhangensis on Coleoptera larva. Malaysia, Monilochaetes
melastomae on Melastoma sp. Mexico, Absidia terrestris from soil. Netherlands, Acaulium
pannemaniae, Conioscypha boutwelliae, Fusicolla septimanifiniscientiae, Gibellulopsis
simonii, Lasionectria hilhorstii, Lectera nordwiniana, Leptodiscella rintelii, Parasarocladium
debruynii and Sarocladium dejongiae (incl. Sarocladiaceae fam. nov.) from soil. New
Zealand, Gnomoniopsis rosae on Rosa sp. and Neodevriesia
metrosideri on Metrosideros sp. Puerto Rico, Neodevriesia coccolobae on Coccoloba
uvifera, Neodevriesia tabebuiae and Alfaria tabebuiae on Tabebuia chrysantha. Russia, Amanita
paludosa on bogged soil in mixed deciduous forest, Entoloma tiliae in forest
of Tilia × europaea, Kwoniella endophytica on Pyrus communis. South Africa, Coniella
diospyri on Diospyros mespiliformis, Neomelanconiella
combreti (incl. Neomelanconiellaceae fam. nov. and Neomelanconiella gen. nov.)
on Combretum sp., Polyphialoseptoria natalensis on unidentified plant host, Pseudorobillarda
bolusanthi on Bolusanthus speciosus, Thelonectria
pelargonii on Pelargonium sp. Spain, Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum and Anungitopsis
lauri on Laurus novocanariensis, Geosmithia xerotolerans from a darkened wall of a
house, Pseudopenidiella gallaica on leaf litter. Thailand, Corynespora thailandica on
wood, Lareunionomyces loeiensis on leaf
litter, Neocochlearomyces chromolaenae (incl. Neocochlearomyces gen. nov.) on Chromolaena
odorata, Neomyrmecridium septatum (incl. Neomyrmecridium gen. nov.), Pararamichloridium
caricicola on Carex sp., Xenodactylaria thailandica (incl. Xenodactylariaceae fam. nov.
and Xenodactylaria gen. nov.), Neomyrmecridium asiaticum and Cymostachys thailandica from
unidentified vine. USA, Carolinigaster bonitoi(incl. Carolinigaster gen. nov.) from
soil, Penicillium fortuitum from house dust, Phaeotheca
shathenatiana(incl. Phaeothecaceae fam. nov.) from twig and cone litter, Pythium
wohlseniorum from stream water, Superstratomyces tardicrescens from human eye, Talaromyces
iowaense from office air. Vietnam, Fistulinella olivaceoalba on soil. Morphological and culture
characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided.
Keywords: ITS nrDNA barcodes | LSU | new taxa | systematics
***Note: Full text of article below
Persoonia 41, 2018: 238 – 417
www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj
RESEARCH ARTICLE
ISSN (Online) 1878-9080
https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2018.41.12
Fungal Planet description sheets: 785 – 867
P.W. Crous1,2, J.J. Luangsa-ard3, M.J. Wingfield4, A.J. Carnegie5, M. Hernández-Restrepo1,
L. Lombard1, J. Roux 4, R.W. Barreto6, I.G. Baseia7, J.F. Cano-Lira8, M.P. Martín9,
O.V. Morozova10, A.M. Stchigel8, B.A. Summerell11, T.E. Brandrud12, B. Dima13, D. García8,
A. Giraldo1,14, J. Guarro 8, L.F.P. Gusmão15, P. Khamsuntorn3, M.E. Noordeloos16,
S. Nuankaew17, U. Pinruan3, E. Rodríguez-Andrade8, C.M. Souza-Motta18, R. Thangavel19,
A.L. van Iperen1, V.P. Abreu 20, T. Accioly21, J.L. Alves6, J.P. Andrade15, M. Bahram22,27,
H.-O. Baral23, E. Barbier24, C.W. Barnes25, E. Bendiksen12, E. Bernard24, J.D.P. Bezerra18,
J.L. Bezerra18, E. Bizio26,27, J.E. Blair28, T.M. Bulyonkova29, T.S. Cabral30, M.V. Caiafa31,
T. Cantillo15, A.A. Colmán6, L.B. Conceição15, S. Cruz31, A.O.B. Cunha18, B.A. Darveaux32,
A.L. da Silva6, G.A. da Silva18, G.M. da Silva7, R.M.F. da Silva18, R.J.V. de Oliveira18,
R.L. Oliveira21, J.T. De Souza 33, M. Dueñas9, H.C. Evans34, F. Epifani35, M.T.C. Felipe18,
J. Fernández-López9, B.W. Ferreira6, C.N. Figueiredo36, N.V. Filippova37, J.A. Flores38,
J. Gené8, G. Ghorbani 39, T.B. Gibertoni 40, A.M. Glushakova41, R. Healy31, S.M. Huhndorf42,
I. Iturrieta-González8, M. Javan-Nikkhah39, R.F. Juciano43, Ž. Jurjević44, A.V. Kachalkin41,
K. Keochanpheng45, I. Krisai-Greilhuber 46, Y.-C. Li47, A.A. Lima21, A.R. Machado18,
H. Madrid48, O.M.C. Magalhães18, P.A.S. Marbach36, G.C.S. Melanda43, A.N. Miller49,
S. Mongkolsamrit3, R.P. Nascimento50, T.G.L. Oliveira18, M.E. Ordoñez38, R. Orzes51,
M.A. Palma52, C.J. Pearce32, O.L. Pereira6, G. Perrone35, S.W. Peterson53, T.H.G. Pham54,
E. Piontelli55, A. Pordel39, L. Quijada56, H.A. Raja57, E. Rosas de Paz8,58, L. Ryvarden59,
A. Saitta60, S.S. Salcedo6, M. Sandoval-Denis1,14, T.A.B. Santos15, K.A. Seifert61,
B.D.B. Silva62, M.E. Smith31, A.M. Soares40, S. Sommai3, J.O. Sousa21, S. Suetrong17,
A. Susca35, L. Tedersoo22, M.T. Telleria9, D. Thanakitpipattana3, N. Valenzuela-Lopez8,63,
C.M. Visagie64, M. Zapata65, J.Z. Groenewald1
Key words
ITS nrDNA barcodes
LSU
new taxa
systematics
Abstract Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Angola,
Gnomoniopsis angolensis and Pseudopithomyces angolensis on unknown host plants. Australia, Dothiora corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neoeucasphaeria eucalypti (incl. Neoeucasphaeria gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus sp.,
Fumagopsis stellae on Eucalyptus sp., Fusculina eucalyptorum (incl. Fusculinaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus
socialis, Harknessia corymbiicola on Corymbia maculata, Neocelosporium eucalypti (incl. Neocelosporium gen.
nov., Neocelosporiaceae fam. nov. and Neocelosporiales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus cyanophylla, Neophaeomoniella
corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neophaeomoniella eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus pilularis, Pseudoplagiostoma
corymbiicola on Corymbia citriodora, Teratosphaeria gracilis on Eucalyptus gracilis, Zasmidium corymbiae on
Corymbia citriodora. Brazil, Calonectria hemileiae on pustules of Hemileia vastatrix formed on leaves of Coffea
arabica, Calvatia caatinguensis on soil, Cercospora solani-betacei on Solanum betaceum, Clathrus natalensis on
soil, Diaporthe poincianellae on Poincianella pyramidalis, Geastrum piquiriunense on soil, Geosmithia carolliae
on wing of Carollia perspicillata, Henningsia resupinata on wood, Penicillium guaibinense from soil, Periconia
caespitosa from leaf litter, Pseudocercospora styracina on Styrax sp., Simplicillium filiforme as endophyte from
Citrullus lanatus, Thozetella pindobacuensis on leaf litter, Xenosonderhenia coussapoae on Coussapoa floccosa.
Canary Islands (Spain), Orbilia amarilla on Euphorbia canariensis. Cape Verde Islands, Xylodon jacobaeus on
Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Chile, Colletotrichum arboricola on Fuchsia magellanica. Costa Rica, Lasiosphaeria
miniovina on tree branch. Ecuador, Ganoderma chocoense on tree trunk. France, Neofitzroyomyces nerii (incl.
Neofitzroyomyces gen. nov.) on Nerium oleander. Ghana, Castanediella tereticornis on Eucalyptus tereticornis,
Falcocladium africanum on Eucalyptus brassiana, Rachicladosporium corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora. Hungary,
Entoloma silvae-frondosae in Carpinus betulus-Pinus sylvestris mixed forest. Iran, Pseudopyricularia persiana
on Cyperus sp. Italy, Inocybe roseascens on soil in mixed forest. Laos, Ophiocordyceps houaynhangensis on
Coleoptera larva. Malaysia, Monilochaetes melastomae on Melastoma sp. Mexico, Absidia terrestris from soil.
Netherlands, Acaulium pannemaniae, Conioscypha boutwelliae, Fusicolla septimanifiniscientiae, Gibellulopsis
simonii, Lasionectria hilhorstii, Lectera nordwiniana, Leptodiscella rintelii, Parasarocladium debruynii and Sarocladium dejongiae (incl. Sarocladiaceae fam. nov.) from soil. New Zealand, Gnomoniopsis rosae on Rosa sp.
and Neodevriesia metrosideri on Metrosideros sp. Puerto Rico, Neodevriesia coccolobae on Coccoloba uvifera,
Neodevriesia tabebuiae and Alfaria tabebuiae on Tabebuia chrysantha. Russia, Amanita paludosa on bogged soil
in mixed deciduous forest, Entoloma tiliae in forest of Tilia × europaea, Kwoniella endophytica on Pyrus communis.
South Africa, Coniella diospyri on Diospyros mespiliformis, Neomelanconiella combreti (incl. Neomelanconiellaceae
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
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239
Fungal Planet description sheets
Abstract (cont.)
fam. nov. and Neomelanconiella gen. nov.) on Combretum sp., Polyphialoseptoria natalensis on unidentified plant
host, Pseudorobillarda bolusanthi on Bolusanthus speciosus, Thelonectria pelargonii on Pelargonium sp. Spain,
Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum and Anungitopsis lauri on Laurus novocanariensis, Geosmithia xerotolerans from
a darkened wall of a house, Pseudopenidiella gallaica on leaf litter. Thailand, Corynespora thailandica on wood,
Lareunionomyces loeiensis on leaf litter, Neocochlearomyces chromolaenae (incl. Neocochlearomyces gen. nov.)
on Chromolaena odorata, Neomyrmecridium septatum (incl. Neomyrmecridium gen. nov.), Pararamichloridium
caricicola on Carex sp., Xenodactylaria thailandica (incl. Xenodactylariaceae fam. nov. and Xenodactylaria gen.
nov.), Neomyrmecridium asiaticum and Cymostachys thailandica from unidentified vine. USA, Carolinigaster bonitoi
(incl. Carolinigaster gen. nov.) from soil, Penicillium fortuitum from house dust, Phaeotheca shathenatiana (incl.
Phaeothecaceae fam. nov.) from twig and cone litter, Pythium wohlseniorum from stream water, Superstratomyces
tardicrescens from human eye, Talaromyces iowaense from office air. Vietnam, Fistulinella olivaceoalba on soil.
Morphological and culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided.
Article info Received: 20 October 2018; Accepted: 15 November 2018; Published: 14 December 2018.
Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht,
The Netherlands;
corresponding author e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl.
2
Department of Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Forestry and
Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, P. Bag
X20, Pretoria 0028, South Africa.
3
Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic
Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park,
Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120,
Thailand.
4
Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of
Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
5
Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries –
Forestry, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, NSW 2124,
Australia.
6
Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
7
Departamento Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade
Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, 59072–970 Natal,
RN, Brazil.
8
Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV),
Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain.
9
Department of Mycology, Real Jardín Botánico RJB-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo
2, 28014 Madrid, Spain.
10
Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376,
2 Prof. Popov Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia.
11
Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney,
NSW 2000, Australia.
12
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349
Oslo, Norway.
13
Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.
14
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant
Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300,
South Africa.
15
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina, S/N –
Novo Horizonte, 44036-900. Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.
16
Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA
Leiden, The Netherlands.
17
Fungal Biodiversity Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering
and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin
Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
18
Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal
de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
19
Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries,
P.O. Box 2095, Auckland 1140, New Zealand.
20
Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
21
Programa de Pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Universidade
Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
22
Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University
of Tartu, 40 Lai St., 51005 Tartu, Estonia.
23
Blaihofstr. 42, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
24
Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife,
Brazil.
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© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
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Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, Panamericana Sur Km 1, Sector Cutuglahua, Pichincha,
Ecuador.
Società Veneziana di Micologia, S. Croce 1730, 30135, Venezia, Italy.
Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala
University, Norbyvägen 18D, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Biology, Franklin & Marshall College, 415 Harrisburg Avenue, Lancaster, PA 17603 USA.
A.P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, 6 Acad. Lavrentieva pr., Novosibirsk,
Russia.
Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do
Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Department of Plant Pathology & Florida Museum of Natural History, 2527
Fifield Hall, Gainesville FL 32611, USA.
Mycosynthetix, Inc., 505 Meadowlands Dr., Suite 103, Hillsborough, North
Carolina, 27278 USA.
Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
CAB International, Bakeham Lane, Egham, TW20 9TY, Surrey, UK.
Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR, Via Amendola 122/O,
70126 Bari, Italy.
Recôncavo da Bahia Federal University, Bahia, Brazil.
Yugra State University, 16, Chekhova Str., 628012, Khanty-Mansiysk,
Russia.
Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador.
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj 31587-77871, Iran.
Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,
Avenida da Engenharia, S/N – Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow / All-Russian Collection of
Microorganisms, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology
of Microorganisms RAS, Pushchino, Russia.
The Field Museum, Department of Botany, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive,
Chicago, Illinois, 60605-2496, USA.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Departamento de
Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, PE,
Brazil.
EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077,
USA.
Biotechnology and Ecology Institute, Vientiane, Laos.
Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna,
Rennweg 14, 1030 Wien, Austria.
Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming
Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Heilongtan, Kunming
650201, Yunnan, China.
Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad
Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile.
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey,
1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA.
Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Gruppo Micologico Bresadola di Belluno, Via Bries 25, Agordo, 32021,
Italy.
Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero, Laboratorio Regional Valparaíso, Unidad
de Fitopatología, Varas 120, Código Postal 2360451, Valparaíso, Chile.
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Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural
Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University
Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
Saint Petersburg State Forestry University, 194021, 5U Institutsky Str.,
Saint Petersburg, Russia / Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research
and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Universidad de Valparaíso, Facultad de Medicina, Profesor Emérito Cátedra de Micología, Hontaneda 2653, Código Postal 2341369, Valparaíso
Chile.
Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Farlow Reference
Library and Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University, 22
Divinity Avenue, Cambridge MA 02138, USA.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at
Greensboro, 435 Sullivan Science Building, PO Box 26170, Greensboro,
NC 27402-6170, USA.
Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Microbiology Department, ENCB-IPN,
Prolongación Manuel Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Miguel Hidalgo, Santo
Tomás, 11350 Ciudad de México, D.F., México.
Acknowledgements Tatiana M. Bulyonkova and colleagues are grateful
to Dr Rodham Tulloss for his patient guidance and help, and to Dr Torbjørn
Borgen Lindhardt for his invaluable advice. Thays G.L. Oliveira, Maria T.C.
Felipe, Jadson D.P. Bezerra and Oliane M. C. Magalhães acknowledge
financial support and/or scholarships from the CAPES (Finance Code 001),
CNPq and FACEPE. Aline O.B. da Cunha, Alexandre R. Machado, Eder
Barbier, Enrico Bernard and Cristina M. Souza-Motta acknowledge financial
support and/or scholarships from the CAPES (Finance Code 001), CNPq,
FACEPE, CECAV and ICMBio from Brazil. Rejane M.F. da Silva and colleagues express their gratitude to the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento
de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for a scholarship to Rejane M.F.
da Silva and to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e
Tecnológico (CNPq) for a research fellowships and/or financial support to
Gladstone A. da Silva, Cristina M. Souza-Motta, José L. Bezerra and Rafael
J.V. de Oliveira (Processes 458622/2014-1 and 312186/2016-9). Olinto L.
Pereira, Vanessa P. Abreu, Jackeline P. Andrade and colleagues would like
to thank the CNPq, CAPES and FAPEMIG for financial support. The study of
Olga V. Morozova was carried out within the framework of a research project
of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS ‘Herbarium funds of the BIN RAS’
(АААА-А18-118022090078-2) with the support of the molecular work by the
Russian Foundation for the Basic Research (project no. 15-29-02622). Anna
M. Glushakova and Aleksey V. Kachalkin were supported by the Russian
Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project no. 16-04-00624a. Janet
Jennifer Luangsa-ard and colleagues were supported by ‘The Promotion
Project on Science, Technology and Innovation Collaboration with ASEAN
Member Countries under the Office of International Cooperation, MOSTThailand’. They would also like to thank Ms Duangkaew Chongkachornphong,
Ms Papawee Nupason (International Cooperation Section, BIOTEC) and Ms
Bakeo Souvannalath (Director of Biotechnology Division, Biotechnology and
Ecology Institute, BEI) for their kind cooperation. Javier Fernández-López
and colleagues are grateful to Marian Glenn for checking the text, and were
supported by DGICT projects CGL2012-35559 and CGL2015-67459-P.
Javier Fernández-López was also supported by Predoctoral Grants (BES2013-066429) from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain).
Maria E. Ordoñez and colleagues acknowledge Pontificia Universidad
Católica del Ecuador for financial support for project M13415. Taimy Cantillo
is thankful to PEC-PG/CAPES for the PhD grant (proc. 12636134/2014)
(Finance Code 001) and to the International Association for Plant Taxonomy
(IAPT) for the Research Grant. Luis F.P. Gusmão is grateful to CNPq for
Grant support (Proc. 303062/2014-2). Hugo Madrid was partially funded by
Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT),
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
University of Oslo, Department of Botany, P.O. Box 1045, Blindern, N-0316,
Oslo, Norway.
Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of
Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, 90128, Italy.
Biodiversity (Mycology), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON
K1A 0C6, Canada, and Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30
Marie-Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia Salvador, Bahia,
Brazil.
Microbiology Unit, Medical Technology Department, Faculty of Health
Science, University of Antofagasta, Av. Universidad de Antofagasta s/n,
02800 Antofagasta, Chile.
Biosystematics Division, Agricultural Research Council – Plant Health and
Protection, Private Bag X134, Queenswood, Pretoria 0121, South Africa.
Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero, Laboratorio Regional Chillán, Unidad de
Fitopatología, Claudio Arrau 738, Chillán, Código Postal 3800773, Chile.
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT), Chile,
project no. 11140562. Tor Erik Brandrud, Bálint Dima, Machiel E. Noordeloos
and Egil Bendiksen thank the financial support of the Norwegian Taxonomy
Initiative, with funding from the Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre
(NBIC); the majority of the Oslofjord material was sequenced through NorBOL
(collections labelled NOBAS, CAFUN), and we thank Gunnhild Marthinsen
and Katriina Bendiksen, NHM, University of Oslo as well as Rakel Blaalid,
NINA, for performing the major work with the barcoding; the Kits van Waveren Foundation (Rijksherbariumfonds Dr E. Kits van Waveren, Leiden,
Netherlands) contributed substantially to the costs of sequencing types. The
Austrian Entoloma material (by Irmgard Krisai-Greilhuber) was sequenced
within ABOL, subproject HRSFM University of Vienna, supported by the
Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research. Adriene M.
Soares and colleagues would like to thank the Instituto Chico Mendes de
Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio) and the Instituto Brasileiro de Meio
Ambiente (IBAMA) for support during field trips and R.L.M. Alvarenga for the
figures. They also acknowledge CAPES for the Ph.D. scholarship of Adriene
M. Soares, and CNPq (307601/2015-3), CAPES (CAPES-SIU 008/13),
and FACEPE (APQ-0375-2.03/15) for financial support. Angus J. Carnegie
acknowledges support from the Forestry Corporation of NSW, and David
Sargeant for assistance with site photos. Adel Pordel and colleagues thank
the University of Tehran for financial support. Luis Quijada acknowledges
support from ‘Fundación Ramón Areces’. Robert W. Barreto and colleagues
thank the World Coffee Research/Texas Agrilife for financial support, as well
as the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
(CNPq), the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Sara Salcedo-Sarmiento was supported by the ‘Programa
de Estudante-Convênio de Pós-Graduação’ (PEC-PG) from CAPES. The
research of Cobus M. Visagie and Keith A. Seifert was supported by grants
from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Program on the Microbiology of the
Built Environment. Blaise A. Darvaux acknowledges Keith A. Seifert for help
with identification, Nicholas Mauriello for validating the Latin name, Mauricia
Lawrence and Meagan Tillotson for help with material preparation. We are
grateful to Gavin Phillips, Seed Bank Officer, Australian Botanic Garden,
Mt Annan for field assistance and identification of plant species collected in
New South Wales, Australia. Collection of specimens from Mungo National
Park was supported by the ABRS Bush Blitz program, a partnership between
the Australian Government, BHP and Earthwatch Australia. The National
Geographic Okavango Wilderness Project is acknowledged for assistance
and funding to J. Roux for material collected in Angola.
241
Fungal Planet description sheets
Venturiales
Candida broadrunensis KY106372.1
Pseudopenidiella gallaica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 859
Pseudopenidiella piceae NG_042681.1
Tumidispora shoreae KT314074.1
Mycrothyriaceae Microthyriales
Heliocephala zimbabweensis HQ333481.1
Heliocephala elegans HQ333478.1
Heliocephala gracilis HQ333479.1
Venturia carpophila EU035426.1
Venturia cerasi EU035452.1
Venturia catenospora MH873940.1
Venturiaceae
Venturia tremulae var. tremulae MH867456.1
0.99
Venturia aceris MH868782.1
Venturia anemones MH857516.1
Thaxteriellopsis lignicola JN865194.1
Aquaphila albicans KX454168.1
Tubeufiaceae
Tubeufiales
Chlamydotubeufia huaikangplaensis KY678758.1
Superstratomyces albomucosus KX950442.1
4x
SuperstraSuperstraSuperstratomyces atroviridis NG_058271.1
13786
tomycetaceae
tomycetales
Superstratomyces tardicrescens sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 863
17387
Pseudorobillarda siamensis FJ825375.1
Pseudorobillarda sojae KF827458.1
MinutiPseudorobillarda bolusanthi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 803
Pseudorobillardaceae
sphaerales
Pseudorobillarda phragmitis MH869670.1
0.98
Pseudorobillarda texana FJ825377.1
Arxiella dolichandrae NG_057053.1
0.96
Arxiella terrestris MH870201.1
Leptodiscella africana MH870275.1
Leptodiscella chlamydospora FN869567.1
0.95
Leptodiscella brevicatenata FR821311.1
Leptodiscella rintelii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 831
0.92
Mycoleptodiscus terrestris MH868707.1
Muyocopronaceae
Paramycoleptodiscus albizziae KX228330.1
Paramycoleptodiscus albizziae NG_058240.1
0.86
Mycoleptodiscus endophytica MG646946.1
Muyocopron dipterocarpi NG_059661.1
0.87
Muyocopron lithocarpi KU726967.1
0.97
BCC 68250
BCC 68251 Neocochlearomyces chromolaenae gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 851
BCC 68252
Valsaria lopadostomoides KP687868.1
Valsaria robiniae KP687851.1
Valsariaceae
Valsariales
Valsaria ceratoniae MH874693.1
Valsaria spartii MH877978.1
Gordonomyces mucovaginatus NG_057941.1
Fusculina eucalypti DQ923531.1
Fusculinaceae fam. nov. - Fungal Planet 811
Fusculina eucalyptorum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 811
Murispora fagicola NG_060797.1
Murispora cicognanii NG_059609.1
Amniculicolaceae
Murispora galii KT709175.1
Murispora hawksworthii KT709180.1
Corynespora smithii KY984299.1
Corynespora cassiicola MH869486.1
Corynesporascaceae
0.95
Corynespora thailandica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 817
Corynespora torulosa NG_058866.1
Curvularia neoindica LT715588.1
Curvularia papendorfii MH875471.1
Curvularia portulacae MH867878.1
Pleosporaceae
Dichotomophthora lutea LT990623.1
0.87
Dichotomophthora portulacae LT990624.1
Curvularia oryzae MH871613.1
Curvularia tuberculata MH871612.1
Wojnowiciella viburni KC594287.1
Wojnowicia italica KX430001.1
Wojnowicia lonicerae KP684151.1
0.99
Wojnowicia rosicola MG829091.1
Wojnowiciella dactylidis LT990632.1
Wojnowiciella eucalypti KR476774.1
Phaeosphaeriaceae
Wojnowiciella leptocarpi KX306800.1
Leptosphaeria ogilviensis MH873247.1
Phaeosphaeria culmorum MH873682.1
Phaeosphaeria pontiformis MH874571.1
Septoriella hirta MH878425.1
Septoriella phragmitis MH873683.1
Pleosporales
Muyocopronales
0.94
0.04
Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 2 478 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (206 taxa including outgroup; 801
aligned positions; 464 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes
and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with coloured
blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Candida
broadrunensis (GenBank KY106372.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold
face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S23436).
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
242
Capnodiales
Dothideales
Pleosporales (continued)
Keissleriella culmifida AB807591.1
Keissleriella gloeospora AB807589.1
Lentitheciaceae
Keissleriella quadriseptata MH878146.1
Keissleriella trichophoricola MH878235.1
0.99
Periconia macrospinosa KP184038.1
Periconia atropurpurea var. microspora MH869061.1
0.93
Periconia lateralis MH867311.1
Periconia caespitosa sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 856
Periconiaceae
Periconia algeriana MH872979.1
Periconia genistae MH872980.1
Periconia sahariana MH872978.1
Zopfiaceae
Didymocrea sadasivanii DQ384103.1
Pseudopithomyces maydicus HG933821.1
Pseudopithomyces maydicus MF919633.1
Pithomyces sacchari MH872301.1
Pithomyces cynodontis MH872857.1
Pseudopithomyces atroolivaceus LT671618.1
0.89
Pithomyces chartarum MH872302.1
Didymosphaeriaceae
Pseudopithomyces kunmingensis MF173605.1
0.97 Pseudopithomyces palmicola MF804533.1
Pseudopithomyces angolensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 791
0.94 Pseudopithomyces rosae NG_059876.1
Sporidesmiella fusiformis DQ408577.1
Dothiora mahoniae MH874022.1 comb. nov. - Fungal Planet 795
Dothiora pistaciae NG_057996.1 comb. nov. - Fungal Planet 795
0.99
Dothiora corymbiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 795
Dothiora ceratoniae NG_059113.1
Dothiora cannabinae MH872076.1
Dothioraceae
0.97
Dothiora europaea MH872078.1
Dothiora laureolae KU728542.1
Dothiora prunorum MH878472.1
Dothiora cytisi NG_059643.1 comb. nov. - Fungal Planet 795
Neocelosporium eucalypti gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 814
Neocelosporiales
0.93
Celosporium larixicola FJ997288.1
Neocelosporiaceae fam. nov. - Fungal Planet 814 ord. nov. - Fungal
Planet 814
Muellerites juniperi MH877745.1
Phaeotheca fissurella NG_059435.1
Phaeothecaceae fam. nov. - Fungal Planet 857
Phaeotheca shathenatiana sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 857
Conidiocarpus caucasicus KC833050.1
Phragmocapnias siamensis JN832609.1
Capnodium coartatum NG_058834.1
0.99
Capnodiaceae
Conidioxyphium gardeniorum GU301807.1
Microxyphium aciculiforme GU301847.1
Scorias spongiosa MH855449.1
Rachicladosporium alpinum MH877615.1
Rachicladosporium corymbiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 815
Rachicladosporium eucalypti KP004476.1
Rachicladosporium luculiae EU040237.1
Cladosporiaceae
Rachicladosporium pini MH876826.1
Rachicladosporium cboliae MH875168.1
Rachicladosporium inconspicuum NG_059443.1
0.99
Hortaea werneckii KY746724.1
Meristemomyces frigidus GU250389.1
Teratosphaeria gauchensis EU019290.1
Teratosphaeria gracilis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 818
Teratosphaeria ovata FJ493218.1
Teratosphaeria stellenboschiana MH874553.1
Teratosphaeriaceae
Teratosphaeria zuluensis MH874640.1
0.95
Teratosphaeria dimorpha FJ493215.1
Teratosphaeria profusa FJ493220.1
Teratosphaeria foliensis NG_058024.1
Teratosphaeria majorizuluensis KF442550.1
0.04
Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny (cont.) – part 2
243
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.99
0.98
0.97
0.86
0.04
Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny (cont.) – part 3
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Neodevriesiaceae
Capnodiales (continued)
0.94
Neodevriesia tabebuiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 797
Neodevriesia lagerstroemiae GU214415.1
Neodevriesia metrosideri sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 812
Neodevriesia poagena NG_058176.1
Neodevriesia knoxdaviesii EU707865.1
Neodevriesia pakbiae NG_058169.1
Neodevriesia strelitziae GU301810.1
Neodevriesia cladophorae KU578114.1
Neodevriesia coccolobae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 796
Neodevriesia queenslandica JF951168.1
Neodevriesia shakazului NG_042753.1
0.93
Neodevriesia imbrexigena JX915749.1
Neodevriesia stirlingiae NG_042755.1
Neodevriesia agapanthi NG_042688.1
Neodevriesia hilliana GU214414.1
Neodevriesia xanthorrhoeae HQ599606.1
Xenomycosphaerella diplazii NG_059579.1
0.90
Polyphialoseptoria natalensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 808
Polyphialoseptoria tabebuiaeserratifolia KF251716.1
Polyphialoseptoria terminaliae MH878128.1
Paramycosphaerella brachystegiae NG_058048.1
Hyalozasmidium aerohyalinosporum NG_059440.1
Madagascaromyces intermedius NG_057816.1
Phaeophleospora concentrica FJ493205.1
Paramycosphaerella blechni NG_059580.1
Virosphaerella irregularis MH874810.1
Zasmidium grevilleae NG_060790.1
Zasmidium gupoyu MF951267.1
Zasmidium iteae NG_058500.1
Zasmidium arcuatum MH874499.1
Zasmidium daviesiae KF901928.1
Zasmidium pseudovespa KF901836.1
Zasmidium tsugae EF114705.1
Zasmidium musigenum EU041857.2
Zasmidium musae MF951272.1
Zasmidium anthuriicola FJ839662.2
Zasmidium citri GQ852733.1
Zasmidium citri-griseum GU214502.1
Zasmidium scaevolicola MH875754.1
Zasmidium suregadae KC677939.1
Zasmidium nocoxi MH874955.1
Zasmidium pseudoparkii MH874457.1
CPC 33349
CPC 33350 Zasmidium corymbiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 787
CPC 33640
Cercospora apii GQ852583.1
Cercospora campi-silii KX286965.1
Cercospora dioscoreae-pyrifoliae JN941165.1
Cercospora kikuchii MH866395.1
Cercospora rodmanii GQ884186.1
Cercospora solani-betacei sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 826
0.98
Cercospora zebrina GU214406.1
Sonderhenia eucalypticola DQ267574.1
Sonderhenia eucalyptorum DQ923536.1
0.87
Pallidocercospora ventilago NG_058047.1
Pallidocercospora heimii NG_057848.1
Pallidocercospora heimioides KP895890.1
Pallidocercospora acaciigena GU253697.1
Pallidocercospora crystallina EU167579.1
0.95
Pallidocercospora holualoana JF770467.1
Pallidocercospora irregulariramosa GU214441.1
Pseudocercospora macrospora GU214478.1
Pseudocercospora luzardii GU214477.1
Pseudocercospora bixae KT290180.1
Pseudocercospora brackenicola KT037565.1
0.90
Pseudocercospora nogalesii JQ324960.1
Pseudocercospora norchiensis KF902005.1
0.90
Pseudocercospora purpurea GU253804.1
Pseudocercospora sordida GU253798.1
Pseudocercospora styracina sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 858
Pseudocercospora xylopiae KT290160.1
Mycosphaerellaceae
Leotiomycetes
Lecanoromycetes
Eurotiomycetes
Phaeomoniellales
Chaetothyriales
Ostropales
Helotiales
Orbiliales
Candida broadrunensis KY106372.1
Orbilia euonymi KT222390.1
Orbilia flavida KT215228.1
Orbilia aristata KT222395.1
Orbilia aprilis KT215267.1
Orbilia vinosa KT222394.1
Orbilia xanthostigma KY419181.1
Orbilia eucalypti KT380099
Orbilia aurantiorubra KT380080.1
0.99
Orbilia phragmotricha KT380081.1
Orbilia euphorbiae KT380105.2
Orbiliaceae
0.99
Orbilia vitalbae KT380075.1
Orbilia flavidorosella KT222391.1
Orbilia pilifera KT222364.2
Orbilia amarilla sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 853
Orbilia sarraziniana KT380082.1
Orbilia cardui KT222403.1
0.87
Orbilia asomatica KT222400.1
Orbilia rubrovacuolata KT222407.1
Orbilia blumenaviensis KT222410.1
Orbilia auricolor KT222409.1
0.94 Neolauriomyces eucalypti MH327841.1
Neolauriomyces eucalypti MH327842.1
Exochalara longissima HQ609476.1
Exochalara longissima HQ609477.1
Neolauriomycetaceae
Lareunionomyces eucalypti MH327840.1
Lareunionomyces syzygii KX228338.1
Lareunionomyces syzygii MH878223.1
0.99
BCC 84472
0.96
Lareunionomyces loeiensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 849
BCC 84473
Ochrolechia trochophora KJ766609.1
Ochrolechia frigida EF489913.1
Ochrolechiaceae Pertusariales
Ochrolechia africana KJ766608.1
Phacidiella eucalypti EF110617.1
Trullula melanochlora KP004487.1
Stictis radiata AY340575.1
0.91
Ostropa barbara-sporophore KY608095.1
Carestiella socia AY661682.1
Stictidaceae
Conotrema populorum AY340542.1
Neofitzroyomyces nerii gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 816
Phacidiella podocarpi NG_058118.1
Fitzroyomyces cyperi NG_058513.1
Fumagopsis stellae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 809
Ceramothyrium thailandicum NG_058817.1
Ceramothyrium carniolicum KC455251.1
Ceramothyrium linnaeae MH874144.1
Vonarxia vagans NG_057821.1
Chaetothyriaceae
Aphanophora eugeniae NG_056965.1
Exophiala eucalyptorum KC455258.1
0.97
Camptophora hylomeconis EU035415.1
0.98
Camptophora schimae MF285233.1
0.91 Neophaeomoniella corymbiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 819
Neophaeomoniella eucalyptigena sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 820
Neophaeomoniella niveniae JQ044454.1
0.98 Neophaeomoniella eucalypti NG_058174.1
Neophaeomoniella zymoides MH874535.1
Paraphaeoisaria alabamensis MH872801.1
Phaeomoniellaceae
Phaeomoniella chlamydospora MH872585.1
Phaeomoniella chlamydospora MH874153.1
0.84
Celerioriella petrophiles NG_059015.1
Pseudophaeomoniella oleicola NG_060140.1
Pseudophaeomoniella oleae MH878630.1
Pseudophaeomoniella oleae NG_060141.1
0.04
Orbiliomycetes
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
244
Overview Orbiliomycetes, Leotiomycetes, Lecanoromycetes and Eurotiomycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 12 452 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (78 taxa including outgroup; 829
aligned positions; 360 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes
and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families, orders and classes are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to
Candida broadrunensis (GenBank KY106372.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated
in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S23436).
245
Mucoromycota
Basidiomycota
Stramenopiles
Mucoromycotina
Agaricomycotina
Oomycetes
Mucoromycetes
Mucorales
Agaricomycetes I
Phallales
Geastrales
Tremellales
Tremellomycetes
Agaricomycetes II
Hymenochaetales
Polyporales
0.91
Pythium apleroticum AY598631.2
Pythium sukuiense HQ665059.1
Pythium aquatile HQ665153.1
Pythium pachycaule HQ665169.1
Pythium wohlseniorum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 861
Pythiaceae
Pythium oopapillum FJ655176.2
Pythium diclinum HQ665282.1
Pythium coloratum AY598633.2
Pythium dissotocum HQ665139.1
Absidia repens NG_058551.1
Absidia psychrophilia JN206587.1
0.98
Absidia terrestris sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 821
0.89
Absidia cylindrospora var. cylindrospora JN206588.1
Absidia cylindrospora JX961699.1
Cunninghamellaceae
Absidia psychrophilia JN982947.1
Absidia cylindrospora var. nigra NG_058560.1
Absidia repens JN982937.1
0.99
Absidia pseudocylindrospora NG_058561.1
Absidia panacisoli MF522180.1
Clathrus archeri MH375681.1
0.95
Pseudocolus fusiformis AF518641.1
Clathrus archeri AJ406479.1
4x
Protubera maracuja KC808514.1
Protubera beijingensis MG430511.1
Clathraceae
Clathrus natalensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 836
Clathrus columnatus KF783239.1
Ileodictyon gracile MF503272.1
Clathrus delicatus KF783240.1
Geastrum striatum KC581960.1
Geastrum coronatum KC581965.1
Geastrum sessile FJ644508.2
Geastrum fimbriatum KC582016.1
1
0.97
Geastrum lageniforme KC581966.1
Geastrum saccatum KC581969.1
Geastraceae
0.84
Geastrum xerophilum KC581975.1
Geastrum floriforme KC581984.1
Geastrum campestre KC581999.1
Trichaster melanocephalus KC581981.1
Geastrum flexuosum KC581970.1
Geastrum piquiriunense sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 842
0.90
Kwoniella shandongensis JQ327851.1
Kwoniella endophytica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 848
Cryptococcaceae
Kwoniella mangrovensis HE996973.1
0.90
Kwoniella pini KY558354.1
Hyphodontia reticulata KX857813.1
Xylodon niemelaei KX857817.1
Xylodon jacobaeus sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 867
Hyphodontia chinensis KX857810.1
Schizoporaceae
Schizopora radula AJ406466.1
0.97
Xylodon flaviporus MH878361.1
Xylodon subflaviporus KX857815.1
Xylodon subtropicus KX857812.1
Physisporinus lineatus KY131919.1
Physisporinus lineatus KY131918.1
Henningsia resupinata sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 846
Meripilaceae
Physisporinus sanguinolentus JX109843.1
0.91
Physisporinus tibeticus NG_060178.1
Physisporinus tibeticus KY131928.1
Ganoderma gibbosum AB733303.1
Fomes fomentarius DQ208419.1
Ganoderma lipsiense MH866629.1
Ganoderma resinaceum MH867290.1
Ganoderma tropicum MH876428.1
Polyporaceae
Ganoderma weberianum MH867289.1
Ganoderma chocoense sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 843
Ganoderma lucidum DQ208411.1
Ganoderma curtisii f. sp. meredithiae MH873823.1
Pythiales
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.04
Overview Stramenopiles, Mucoromycota and Basidiomycota phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 113 852 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (141 taxa including outgroup;
980 aligned positions; 654 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families, orders, classes, subdivisions
and phyla are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species
names. The tree was rooted to the Stramenopiles clade and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are
indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S23436).
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
246
0.94
0.85
0.99
0.86
0.95
0.88
0.99
0.94
0.85
0.99
0.86
0.04
Overview Stramenopiles, Mucoromycota and Basidiomycota phylogeny (cont.) – part 2
Entolomataceae
Agaricaceae
Amanitaceae
Inocybaceae
Basidiomycota (continued)
0.98
Boletaceae
Agaricomycotina, Agaricomycetes (continued)
0.89
Lanmaoa pseudosensibilis MH209247.1
Exsudoporus frostii KT002612.1
Boletus speciosus JX290186.1
Butyriboletus taughannockensis MH234473.1
Neoboletus venenatus KT990613.1
Neoboletus magnificus KF112324.1
Neoboletus sanguineus KT990609.1
Boletus edulis AF456816.1
Caloboletus peckii MH220330.1
Pulveroboletus retipes AF456823.1
Pulveroboletus retipes AY612821.1
Fistulinella prunicolor JX889648.1
Mucilopilus castaneiceps KT990555.1
Carolinigaster bonitoi gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 825
Austroboletus gracilis DQ534624.1
Tylopilus sp. KF112423.1
Austroboletus fusisporus JX889720.1
0.94
Austroboletus subvirens JN378518.1
KF112439.1 Fistulinella olivaceoalba sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 841
MH718396.1
Veloporphyrellus conicus JX984545.1
Heimioporus cooloolae KP327665.1
Heimioporus australis NG_060664.1
Veloporphyrellus velatus JX984546.1
Veloporphyrellus pantoleucus JX984548.1
Veloporphyrellus pseudovelatus JX984541.1
Veloporphyrellus alpinus JX984538.1
Entoloma subclitocyboides JQ320135.1
Entoloma nidorosum AF261296.1
Entoloma politum GQ289181.1
Entoloma silvae-frondosae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 839
Entoloma rhodopolium GQ289187.1
Entoloma caccabus GQ289155.1
Entoloma alpicola AF261302.1
Entoloma sordidulum GQ289194.1
Entoloma sericatum GQ289189.1
Entoloma flavifolium AF261301.1
Entoloma sinuatum EU522771.1
Entoloma tiliae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 840
Entoloma rivulare NG_060436.1
Tulostoma winterhoffii KU518975.1
Tulostoma fimbriatum KU518973.1
Tulostoma pulchellum KU518957.1
Tulostoma striatum KU518958.1
Leucoagaricus barssii DQ911601.1
Bovista nigrescens DQ071709.2
Calvatia caatinguensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 824
Calvatia candida MH916599.1
Calvatia craniiformis MH916600.1
Lepiota cristata EU416292.1
Lepiota cristata var. macrospora JQ664553.1
Lepiota brunneoincarnata EU416303.1
Lepiota xanthophylla DQ071712.2
Lepiota boudieri EU416281.1
Amanita populiphila KP221304.1
Amanita brunneofuliginea MH486393.1
Amanita pseudovaginata MH486791.1
Amanita olivaceofusca MH486689.1
Amanita paludosa sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 822
Amanita friabilis KU248121.1
Inocybe pallidicremea HQ201357.1
Inocybe fuscodisca AY380376.1
Inocybe whitei FN550915.1
Inocybe whitei EU486441.1
Inocybe praecox AY038311.1
Inocybe godeyi FN550897.1
Inocybe godeyi AY038316.1
Inocybe phaeoleuca KJ399958.1
Inocybe griseolilacina AY380378.1
Inocybe leptocystis AY380384.1
Inocybe hystrix AY380380.1
Inocybe roseascens sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 847
Inocybe melanopus MH220276.1
Inocybe melanopus AM882725.2
Agaricales
0.95
Boletales
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
247
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.91
Melanconidaceae
Pseudoplagiostomataceae
Incertae sedis
Diaporthaceae
Melanconiellaceae
Neomelanconiellaceae
fam. nov. - Fungal Planet 793
Diaporthales
0.88
Saccharata proteae EU552145.1
Melanconium elaeidicola KR476778.1
Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiae NG_042674.1
Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 789
Pseudoplagiostoma eucalypti GU973601.1
Pseudoplagiostoma oldii GU973609.1
Natarajania indica HM171321.1
Diaporthe cotoneastri MH873257.1
Diaporthe ellipicola KY011873.1
Diaporthe eres MH867392.1
Diaporthe longicolla KY011837.1
Diaporthe mahothocarpus KY011872.1
Diaporthe penetriteum KY011850.1
Diaporthe phragmitis MH878644.1
Diaporthe poincianellae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 838
Melanconiella cornuta MF360009.1
Melanconiella syzygii KY173508.1
Melanconiella ellisii JQ926271.1
Melanconiella chrysostroma AF408369.1
Melanconiella spodiaea AF408370.1
0.98
Melanconiella hyperopta JQ926284.1
Melanconiella hyperopta var. orientalis JQ926288.1
Melanconiella chrysorientalis JQ926259.1
Melanconiella chrysodiscosporina JQ926246.1
Melanconiella chrysomelanconium MF190113.1
Melanconiella echinata JQ926263.1
0.97
Melanconiella flavovirens JQ926274.1
Melanconiella carpinicola JQ926235.1
Melanconiella decorahensis JQ926262.1
Melanconiella elegans JQ926267.1
0.85
0.96
Melanconiella meridionalis JQ926296.1
Melanconiella ostryae JQ926297.1
Cryptodiaporthe vepris EU683070.1
0.96
Neomelanconiella combreti gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 793
Harknessia corymbiicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 788
Harknessia ellipsoidea MH877405.1
Harknessia ellipsoidea JQ706212.1
Harknessia leucospermi MH874281.1
Harknessia malayensis KY979844.1
Harknessia pellitae KY979843.1
Harknessia platyphyllae KY979842.1
Harknessia weresubiae MH877461.1
Wuestneia molokaiensis JQ706248.1
0.99
Harknessia renispora MH871821.1
0.92
Harknessia banksiae KY979838.1
Harknessia renispora JQ706237.1
Aurantiosacculus acutatus MH877450.1
0.99
Cryptometrion aestuescens HQ730869.1
Holocryphia eucalypti JQ862751.1
Immersiporthe knoxdaviesiana NG_042657.1
Chrysoporthe deuterocubensis JN940855.1
Celoporthe dispersa HQ730853.1
0.98
Celoporthe dispersa HQ730854.1
Celoporthe indonesiensis HQ730855.1
Coniella tibouchinae JQ281776.2
Coniella africana AY339293.1
Coniella diplodiopsis KX833358.1
Coniella granati AY339291.1
Coniella straminea AY339296.1
CPC 34674 Coniella diospyri sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 802
CPC 34676
Allantophoma endogenospora EU754126.1
Cryptosporella umbrina MH866843.1
Gnomoniopsis angolensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 792
Gnomoniopsis castaneae KX929802.1
Gnomoniopsis fructicola MH875088.1
Gnomoniopsis idaeicola MH875092.1
Gnomoniopsis rosae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 813
Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi MH877030.1
Gnomoniopsis macounii MH874666.1
0.97
Gnomoniopsis sanguisorbae KY496735.1
Harknessiaceae
Cryphonectriaceae s.str.
Schizoparmaceae
Gnomoniaceae
0.04
Overview Diaporthales (Sordariomycetes) phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 1 052 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (71 taxa including outgroup; 768
aligned positions; 176 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes
and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with coloured
blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Saccharata
proteae (GenBank EU552145.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face.
The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S23436).
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
0.90
Saccharata proteae EU552145.1
Niesslia pulchriseta MG826848.1
Rosasphaeria moravica JF440985.1
Eucasphaeria capensis MH874625.1
Eucasphaeria rustici KY173501.1
Niessliaceae
Neoeucasphaeria eucalypti gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 807
Niesslia constricta MG826807.1
Niesslia nordinii MH869825.1
Niesslia exilis MH872466.1
Xenodactylariaceae
Xenodactylaria thailandica gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 805
fam. nov. - Fungal Planet 805
Purpureocillium lilacinum MH876802.1
Ophiocordycipitaceae
Purpureocillium lilacinum MH878095.1
Simplicillium
chinense
JQ410321.1
0.99
Simplicillium coffeanum MF066032.1
Simplicillium filiforme sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 862
1
Simplicillium calcicola KU746752.1
Cordycipitaceae
0.99
Simplicillium lamellicola NG_042381.1
Simplicillium lanosoniveum AF339553.1
0.90
Simplicillium obclavatum NG_042535.1
Polycephalomyces nipponicus KF049626.1
Polycephalomyces nipponicus KF049640.1
Ophiocordyceps heteropoda JN941423.1
0.96
Ophiocordyceps entomorrhiza EF468809.1
Ophiocordyceps stylophora EF468837.1
0.99
0.93
Ophiocordyceps acicularis EF468805.1
Ophiocordyceps appendiculata JN941412.1
Ophiocordyceps lanpingensis KC417461.1
0.97
Ophiocordyceps robertsii EF468826.1
Ophiocordyceps melolonthae DQ518762.1
Ophiocordyceps gracilis EF468811.1
Ophiocordycipitaceae
Ophiocordyceps variabilis DQ518769.1
Ophiocordyceps variabilis EF468839.1
0.85
Ophiocordyceps communis EF468831.1
Ophiocordyceps clavata JN941414.1
0.98
Ophiocordyceps nigrella EF468818.1
Ophiocordyceps rhizoidea EF468825.1
TBRC 8428
BCC 78167
BCC 78421 Ophiocordyceps houaynhangensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 852
BCC 82809
0.82
BCC 82810
Hypocreales
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
248
0.04
Overview Hypocreales (Sordariomycetes) phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 3 078 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (110 taxa including outgroup;
820 aligned positions; 339 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to
Saccharata proteae (GenBank EU552145.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated
in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S23436).
249
Fungal Planet description sheets
Parasarocladium breve NG_056979.1
Parasarocladium radiatum HQ232104.1
Parasarocladium debruynii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 832
Parasarocladium gamsii MH872068.1
Sarocladium dejongiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 834
Sarocladium implicatum MH875549.1
Sarocladiaceae
Sarocladium bacillisporum MH870718.1
0.85
Sarocladium subulatum MH867162.1
Sarocladium terricola MH869389.1
0.85
Sarocladium oryzae HG965047.1
Sarocladium kiliense MH878541.1
Sarocladium zeae MH871387.1
Verrucostoma freycinetiae NG_059924.1
Acremonium cereale MH877716.1
Lasionectria hilhorstii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 830
Lasionectria mantuana GQ505994.1
0.99
Lasionectria oenanthicola KY607557.1
Acremonium biseptum NG_056978.1
0.92
Acremonium pteridii MH871198.1
Ijuhya dentifera MH872777.1
Acremonium alternatum KF993388.1
Acremonium sclerotigenum MH871371.1
0.87 Mycoarachis inversa NG_059437.1
Mycoarachis inversa MH871601.1
Nigrosabulum globosum MH871597.1
0.90
Acremonium flavum MH871649.1
0.98
Hapsidospora irregularis MH871595.1
Geosmithia xerotolerans sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 845
0.86
Geosmithia microcorthyli MG954241.1
Geosmithia putterillii MH868608.1
Geosmithia lavendula MH867927.1
URM 7929
URM 7930 Geosmithia carolliae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 844
URM 7931
Fusicolla matuoi KM231698.1
Fusicolla matuoi MH872940.1
0.98
Fusicolla sp. MH866681.1
Fusicolla septimanifiniscientiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 829
0.86
Fusicolla aquaeductuum MH867303.1
Fusicolla aquaeductuum MH868728.1
Thelonectria platycephala KJ022064.1
Thelonectria veuillotiana KJ022062.1
Thelonectria lucida KF569847.1
Thelonectria rubi MH866415.1
0.97
Thelonectria westlandica KF569852.1
0.95
Thelonectria pelargonii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 790
Thelonectria veuillotiana KJ022063.1
Striatibotrys atypica KU846866.1
Striatibotrys oleronensis KU846873.1
Cymostachys thailandica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 810
Cymostachys coffeicola NG_058942.1
0.90
Cymostachys fabispora NG_058943.1
Alfariacladiella spartii KX306777.1
Alfariacladiella spartii KX822121.1
Alfaria acaciae MH107929.1
Alfaria cyperi-esculenti KJ869200.1
Alfaria caricicola KU845992.1
Alfaria thymi KU845999.1
0.99
CPC 34038
Alfaria tabebuiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 798
0.99
CPC 34083
Alfaria avenellae KY659434.1
Alfaria terrestris KU845996.1
Alfaria dactylis LT984557.1
Alfaria dandenongensis MG386116.1
Alfaria ossiformis KU845993.1
Alfaria putrefolia NG_057103.1
Amerosporium atrum MH877704.1
Amerosporium atrum MH870165.1
Amerosporium platense MH872519.1
0.98
0.99
0.04
Overview Hypocreales (Sordariomycetes) phylogeny (cont.) – part 2
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
fam. nov. - Fungal Planet 832
Hypocreales (continued)
Bionectriaceae
Nectriaceae
Stachybotryaceae
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Xylariales
Beltraniaceae
Pararamichloridiaceae
Incertae sedis
Incertae sedis
Myrmecridiaceae
Vermiculariopsiellaceae
Lasiosphaeriaceae
Chaetosphaeriaceae
Myrmecridiales
Incertae sedis
Pararamichloridiales
Pyriculariaceae
Magnaporthales
Castanediellaceae
Vermiculariopsiellales
Saccharata proteae EU552145.1
Porobeltraniella porosa KX519526.1
0.87
Beltraniella humicola MH870044.1
0.87
Beltraniella endiandrae NG_058665.1
0.98
Beltraniella portoricensis MH871777.1
Beltraniella portoricensis KX519522.1
Castanediella cagnizarii KP858988.1
Castanediella tereticornis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 785
0.91
Castanediella acaciae KR476763.1
Castanediella eucalypti MH878665.1
Castanediella couratarii MH872031.1
0.88
Castanediella malysiana KX306781.1
Neopyricularia commelinicola KM009151.1
0.94
Pyricularia urashimae NG_059752.1
Pyriculariomyces asari MH878225.1
Pseudopyricularia iraniana NG_060183.1
Pseudopyricularia higginsii KM484991.1
Pseudopyricularia persiana sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 860
Pseudopyricularia hagahagae NG_059616.1
Pseudopyricularia bothriochloae NG_058051.1
Pseudopyricularia hyrcaniana KY457267.1
0.91
Pararamichloridium livistonae NG_058504.1
0.92
Pararamichloridium caricicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 801
0.92
Pararamichloridium verrucosa NG_057768.1
Woswasia atropurpurea JX233658.1
Xylochrysis lucida MH877601.1
Xylochrysis lucida NG_058028.1
0.92
Cancellidium applanatum MH872755.1
Cancellidium applanatum KF833359.1
Neomyrmecridium sorbicola MH107948.1 comb. nov. - Fungal Planet 804
0.96
Neomyrmecridium asiaticum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 806
Neomyrmecridium septatum gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 804
0.97
0.96
Myrmecridium montsegurinum KT991664.1
Myrmecridium fluviae KX839676.1
0.96
Myrmecridium flexuosum EU041825.1
Myrmecridium schulzeri EU041826.1
0.95
Myrmecridium phragmitis NG_057948.1
0.98
Myrmecridium banksiae NG_042684.1
Myrmecridium spartii KR611902.1
Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 799
Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti KX228303.1
Vermiculariopsiella pediculata MH877476.1
Vermiculariopsiella acaciae KX228314.1
Vermiculariopsiella eucalypticola MG386123.1
Vermiculariopsiella dichapetali MH107970.1
Vermiculariopsiella immersa KJ476961.1
0.89
Lasiosphaeria sorbina AY436415.1
Lasiosphaeria miniovina sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 850
Lasiosphaeria ovina EU940159.1
Lasiosphaeria rugulosa NG_042400.1
Thozetella fabacearum NG_059767.1
Thozetella pindobacuensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 865
1
Thozetella tocklaiensis MH869349.1
Thozetella nivea EU825200.1
0.99
Thozetella pinicola EU825195.1
SordaChaetosphaeriales riales
250
0.04
Overview other orders (Sordariomycetes) phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 452 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (102 taxa including outgroup; 782
aligned positions; 396 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) > 0.84 are shown at the nodes
and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with coloured
blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Saccharata
proteae (GenBank EU552145.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold face.
The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S23436).
0.98
0.94
0.88
0.97
0.04
Overview other orders (Sordariomycetes) phylogeny (cont.) – part 2
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Microascaceae
Conioscyphaceae
Falcocladiaceae
Plectosphaerellaceae
Australiascaceae
Glomerellaceae
Glomerellales
0.89
Microascus caviariformis LN851005.1
Acaulium albonigrescens MH877795.1
Parascedosporium putredinis MH869583.1
0.98
Parascedosporium putredinis MH872367.1
0.98
Scopulariopsis danica LN851001.1
Acaulium acremonium MH878358.1
Acaulium pannemaniae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 827
Conioscypha nakagirii KU509985.1
Conioscypha nakagirii KU509987.1
Conioscypha peruviana KF781539.1
Conioscyphascus varius AY484512.1
0.99
Conioscypha bambusicola NG_059037.1
Conioscypha boutwelliae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 833
0.91
Conioscypha pleiomorpha NG_059025.1
Falcocladium multivesiculatum JF831932.1
Falcocladium sphaeropedunculatum EU040219.1
CPC 34007
0.85
CPC 34017 Falcocladium africanum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 786
0.91 CPC 34050
Falcocladium thailandicum NG_057909.1
Falcocladium turbinatum NG_060392.1
Lectera nordwiniana sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 835
Lectera capsici NG_058474.1
Lectera colletotrichoides KM231731.1
Plectosphaerella melonis HQ231968.1
0.98
Gliocladium cibotii MH867627.1
Gibellulopsis piscis MH871786.1
0.93
Gibellulopsis nigrescens MH868464.1
0.89
Gibellulopsis simonii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 828
Monilochaetes melastomae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 794
Australiasca laeensis GU180642.1
Monilochaetes nothapodytis MF153476.1
Australiasca queenslandica HM237323.1
Monilochaetes dimorphospora HQ609480.1
Monilochaetes infuscans GU180644.1
Monilochaetes guadalcanalensis GU180640.1
Monilochaetes guadalcanalensis MH872756.1
Colletotrichum arboricola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 837
Colletotrichum australe MH877401.1
Colletotrichum kinghornii MH867153.1
Colletotrichum phormii MH877757.1
Colletotrichum rhombiforme MH877132.1
Colletotrichum colombiense MH876878.1
Colletotrichum boninense MH876452.1
Colletotrichum oncidii MH877053.1
Colletotrichum nymphaeae MH876069.1
Colletotrichum petchii MH875299.1
Falcocladiales Conioscyphales Microascales
251
Fungal Planet description sheets
252
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Castanediella tereticornis
& Falcocladium africanum
253
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 785 & 786 – 14 December 2018
Castanediella tereticornis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus tereticornis, the host species from
which this fungus was isolated.
Classification — Castanediellaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of olivaceous, smooth, branched, septate,
1.5 – 2 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect, pale
brown, smooth, subcylindrical, unbranched, 0–2-septate, 5–30
× 2–3 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, 5–20 × 2–3 µm, apex at times slightly
swollen, with several denticulate loci, 0.5 – 2 × 1–1.5 µm, unthickened, not darkened. Conidia solitary, aggregating in slimy
mass, hyaline, smooth, 1-septate, subcylindrical, straight, inner
plane flat, outer plane convex, apex acutely rounded, tapering to
flat inner plane, base truncate, 0.5–1 µm diam, tapering toward
inner flat plane, (16 –)17– 20(– 22) × 2(– 2.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 35 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
isabelline with diffuse red pigment, reverse dark brick; on PDA
surface and reverse isabelline; on OA surface sepia.
Typus. Ghana, on leaves of Eucalyptus tereticornis (Myrtaceae), 21 June
2010, M.J. Wingfield, HPC 2175 (holotype CBS H-23765, culture ex-type
CPC 34027 = CBS 145068, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047417.1
and MK047468.1, MycoBank MB828165).
Notes — Castanediella was introduced for idriella-like fungi,
distinguished by having branched conidiophores giving rise
to straight or slightly curved conidia (Crous et al. 2015b,
2017b, Hernández-Restrepo et al. 2016, 2017). Castanediella
tereticornis is phylogenetically distinct from the 12 species
presently accepted in the genus, all of which are known from
DNA sequence data.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Castanediella cagnizarii (GenBank NR_156294.1;
Identities = 543/555 (98 %), 6 gaps (1 %)), Castanediella hyalopenicillata (GenBank NR_156309.1; Identities = 491/504
(97 %), 5 gaps (0 %)) and Pidoplitchkoviella terricola (GenBank
MH861046.1; Identities = 457/498 (92 %), 8 gaps (1 %)).
Falcocladium africanum Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Africa, the continent where this fungus was
collected.
Classification — Falcocladiaceae, Falcocladiales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiophores penicillate, mostly synnematal, becoming sporodochial in older cultures, arising from superficial mycelium; stipe
extensions hyaline, numerous per conidiophore, aseptate, thickwalled, 25 – 50 × 1.5 – 2.5 µm, arising from various positions in
the conidiophore, terminating in vesicles that are sphaeropedunculate, to having lateral walls slightly flattened or even
constricted, 4(– 6) µm diam. Conidiophore branches primary
branches hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, 0 –1-septate, 5 –10
× 2 – 3 µm; secondary and tertiary branches hyaline, aseptate,
7–10 × 2–3 µm. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, in whorls of 2–6,
ampulliform with elongated necks and periclinal thickening and
minute collarettes, 7–11 × 2 – 3 µm. Conidia hyaline, smooth,
0 –1-septate, falcate with a short, acute, thick-walled apical
beak, and a basal appendage, (12–)15–18(–20) × 2(–2.5) µm;
basal appendages exogenous on inner, shorter curve, 1.5 – 2
µm long, terminating in a rounded end; apical beak continuous
with conidium body, 1.5– 2 µm long.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA surface dirty white to buff, reverse buff.
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus tereticornis plantation; Left column, Castanediella tereticornis, symptomatic leaf, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Right
column, Falcocladium africanum, symptomatic leaf, conidiophore with stipe
extension, vesicle and conidiogenous cells, and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Typus. Ghana, on leaves of Eucalyptus brassiana (Myrtaceae), June
2010, M.J. Wingfield, HPC 2177 (holotype CBS H-23787, culture ex-type
CPC 34050 = CBS 145045, ITS, LSU, actA and rpb2 sequences GenBank
MK047418.1, MK047469.1, MK047518.1 and MK047532.1, MycoBank
MB828166).
Additional materials examined. Sierra Leone, on leaves of Eucalyptus
tereticornis, June 2010, M.J. Wingfield, HPC 2169, CPC 34017 = CBS
145046, ITS, LSU, actA and rpb2 sequences GenBank MK047419.1,
MK047470.1, MK047519.1 and MK047533.1; on leaves of Eucalyptus brassiana (Myrtaceae), June 2010, M.J. Wingfield, HPC 2166, CPC 34007, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MK047420.1 and MK047471.1.
Notes — Falcocladium represents a genus of hyphomycetes
associated with leaf litter, or considered to be weak foliar pathogens of Eucalyptus (Crous et al. 1994, 1997). Four species are
presently known in the genus, having been collected on eucalypt leaves in Asia, Australia and South America. Falcocladium
africanum represents the first species described from Africa,
and differs from F. thailandicum (sphaeropedunculate vesicles,
6 –7 µm diam, aseptate conidia, (19 –)20 – 23(– 24) × 1.5(– 2)
µm; Crous et al. 2007b) in vesicle shape, and having smaller,
0 –1-septate conidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
34050 had highest similarity to Falcocladium thailandicum
(GenBank NR_156241.1; Identities = 638/656 (97 %), 6 gaps
(0 %)), Falcocladium sphaeropedunculatum (GenBank
EU040220.1; Identities = 567/661 (86 %), 43 gaps (6 %)) and
Falcocladium multivesiculatum (GenBank JF831936.1; Identities = 420/466 (90 %), 15 gaps (3 %)). The ITS sequences of
CPC 34007, 34017 and 34050 are identical. Closest hits using
the rpb2 sequence of CPC 34050 had only distant hits with
Fusarium species (less than 80 % sequence similarity). The
rpb2 sequences of CPC 34017 and 34050 are identical as no
other rpb2 sequences are available for Falcocladium species.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
254
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Zasmidium corymbiae
255
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 787 – 14 December 2018
Zasmidium corymbiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Corymbia, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Submerged hyphae smooth, hyaline, thin-walled, 2.5 – 3 µm
wide; aerial hyphae pale brown, verrucose, 3 – 4 µm diam,
encased in mucoid layer. Conidiophores arising vertically
from creeping aerial hyphae, brown, verruculose, thick-walled,
1–4-septate, 30–60 × 3–4 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated,
terminal, cylindrical, with slight apical taper, 10–20 × 0.5–2 µm
long, pale brown, proliferating sympodially, forming a rachis
with slightly thickened and darkened, circular, somewhat protruding scars, c. 0.5 µm diam. Conidia solitary, aseptate, finely
roughened, pale brown, oblong to ellipsoidal, (4 –)5 – 6(–7) ×
(2 –)2.5(– 3) µm, with obtuse apex and truncate unthickened,
non-pigmented base.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse to moderate aerial mycelium, copious mucoid droplets, and smooth, lobate margins, reaching 15 mm diam after
2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and reverse olivaceous grey.
On PDA surface and reverse iron-grey. On OA surface olivaceous grey.
Typus. auStraLia, New South Wales, Jackadgery, Inglebar Plantation, on
leaves of Corymbia citriodora (Myrtaceae), 18 Mar. 2015, A.J. Carnegie, HPC
2031 (holotype CBS H-23751, culture ex-type CPC 33349 = CBS 145047,
ITS, LSU, actA, cmdA, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank MK047421.1,
MK047472.1, MK047520.1, MK047524.1, MK047534.1 and MK047555.1,
MycoBank MB828167).
Additional material examined. auStraLia, New South Wales, Jackadgery,
Inglebar Plantation, on leaves of C. citriodora, 18 Mar. 2015, A.J. Carnegie,
CPC 33350 = CBS 145048, ITS, LSU, actA, cmdA, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank MK047422.1, MK047473.1, MK047521.1, MK047525.1,
MK047535.1 and MK047556.1; ibid., CPC 33640 = CBS 145049, ITS, LSU,
actA, cmdA, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank MK047423.1, MK047474.1,
MK047522.1, MK047526.1, MK047536.1 and MK047557.1.
Notes — Zasmidium and allied genera (Periconiella, ramichloridium-like, rasutoria-like, stenella-like, Verrucisporota)
were recently revised by Videira et al. (2017), who presented
an emended, wider circumscription of Zasmidium than that
previously accepted by Braun et al. (2013). Several species are
known to be associated with leaf spots on Eucalyptus, which
are allied, but phylogenetically distinct from Z. corymbiae, which
is more ramichloridium-like in morphology, having a terminal
rachis on its conidiogenous cells, and aseptate conidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
33349 had highest similarity to Zasmidium strelitziae (GenBank NR_156514.1; Identities = 509/543 (94 %), 13 gaps
(2 %)), Zasmidium commune (GenBank KY979762.1; Identities = 503/542 (93 %), 10 gaps (1 %)) and Zasmidium pseudovespa (GenBank NR_137548.1; Identities = 473/513 (92 %),
10 gaps (1 %)). The ITS sequences of CPC 33349, 33350 and
33640 are identical. Closest hits using the LSU sequence of
CPC 33349 are Zasmidium anthuriicola (GenBank FJ839662.2;
Identities = 831/846 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Zasmidium citri
(GenBank GQ852733.1; Identities = 830/845 (98 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)) and Zasmidium citri-griseum (GenBank KP895903.1;
Identities = 823/838 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). The LSU sequences
of CPC 33349, 33350 and 33640 are identical. Closest hits
using the actA sequence of CPC 33349 had highest similarity to Zasmidium commune (GenBank KY979857.1; Identities = 555/585 (95 %), 9 gaps (1 %)), Zasmidium podocarpi
(GenBank KY979861.1; Identities = 548/600 (91 %), 14 gaps
(2 %)) and Zasmidium musae (as Stenella musae, GenBank
EU514347.1; Identities = 494/540 (91 %), 6 gaps (1 %)). The
actA sequences of CPC 33349, 33350 and 33640 are identical. Closest hits using the cmdA sequence of CPC 33349 had
highest similarity to Zasmidium cellare (GenBank MH591756.1;
Identities = 281/306 (92 %), no gaps), Acrodontium crateriforme (GenBank KX289012.1; Identities = 280/305 (92 %),
no gaps) and Zasmidium pseudovespa (as Mycosphaerella
pseudovespa, GenBank KF902548.1; Identities = 269/290
(93 %), no gaps). The cmdA sequences of CPC 33349, 33350
and 33640 are identical. Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence
of CPC 33349 had highest similarity to Zasmidium citri-griseum
(GenBank MF951696.1; Identities = 765/916 (84 %), 8 gaps
(0 %)), Zasmidium indonesianum (GenBank MF951710.1;
Identities = 758/915 (83 %), 6 gaps (0 %)) and Zasmidium cerophillum (GenBank MF951694.1; Identities = 756/913 (83 %),
4 gaps (0 %)). The rpb2 sequences of CPC 33349, 33350 and
33640 are identical. Only distant hits with Pseudocercospora
species were obtained when the tef1 sequence was used in
blast searches. The tef1 sequences of CPC 33350 and 33640
are identical, while CPC 33349 differs from them at 1 nt.
Colour illustrations. Corymbia citriodora plantation in Australia; colony on
potato dextrose agar, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries - Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
256
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Harknessia corymbiicola
257
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 788 – 14 December 2018
Harknessia corymbiicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Corymbia, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Harknessiaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
Foliicolous. Conidiomata pycnidioid, separate to gregarious, subepidermal, becoming erumpent, stromatic, multilocular, up
to 2 mm diam, individual locules 100 – 300 µm diam; with irregular opening and border of yellowish, furfuraceous cells;
conidiomatal wall of textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced
to conidiogenous cells lining the inner conidiomatal cavity. Conidiogenous cells 6 –12 × 5 – 6 µm, ampulliform to subcylindrical,
hyaline, smooth, invested in mucilage, percurrently proliferating
once or twice near apex. Conidia (26–)28–32(–35) × (7–)8(–9)
µm in vitro, fusoid with apiculus, aseptate, non-striate, medium
brown, thick-walled, smooth-walled, granular to finely guttulate.
Basal appendage (50 –)65 – 80(– 90) × 3(– 4) µm in vitro, hyaline, tubular, smooth, thin-walled, devoid of cytoplasm. Microconidia not seen.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with fluffy
moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, covering
dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface dirty
white to buff, reverse cinnamon.
Typus. auStraLia, New South Wales, Grafton, Bom Bom State Forest, leaf
litter of Corymbia maculata (Myrtaceae), 13 Mar. 2015, A.J. Carnegie, HPC
2034 (holotype CBS H-23752, culture ex-type CPC 33289 = CBS 145051,
ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences GenBank MK047424.1, MK047475.1 and
MK047576.1, MycoBank MB828168).
Notes — Harknessia (Harknessiaceae; Crous et al. 2012a) is
a genus of appendaged coelomycetous fungi that is commonly
isolated from Myrtaceae and Proteaceae. Harknessia was
treated by Marin-Felix et al. (2019), who accepted 38 species,
recognising the majority as either endophytes, saprobes or
foliar pathogens of minor importance. Harknessia corymbiicola
represents a phylogenetically distinct species in the H. weresubiae species complex, being characterised by fusoid, apiculate conidia that lack striations, and have (50–)65–80(–90) µm
long basal appendages.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Harknessia platyphyllae (GenBank NR_155191.1;
Identities = 625/640 (98 %), 11 gaps (1 %)), Harknessia
banksiae (GenBank NR_155188.1; Identities = 625/641
(98 %), 5 gaps (0 %)) and Harknessia banksiigena (GenBank
NR_155189.1; Identities = 614/630 (97 %), 7 gaps (1 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Aurantiosacculus
acutatus (GenBank NG_042618.1; Identities = 840/843 (99 %),
no gaps), Harknessia ellipsoidea (GenBank MH877405.1;
Identities = 839/843 (99 %), no gaps) and Harknessia pellitae
(GenBank KY979843.1; Identities = 839/843 (99 %), no gaps).
Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity
to Harknessia eucalyptorum (GenBank JQ706136.1; Identities = 615/651 (94 %), 11 gaps (1 %)), Harknessia fusiformis
(GenBank JQ706139.1; Identities = 614/655 (94 %), 12 gaps
(1 %)) and Harknessia renispora (GenBank AY720769.1; Identities = 609/652 (93 %), 9 gaps (1 %)).
Colour illustrations. Corymbia maculata, Bom Bom State Forest, Australia;
Colony on oatmeal agar, conidiogenous cells and conidia with long basal
appendages. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries - Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
258
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiicola
259
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 789 – 14 December 2018
Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Corymbia, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Pseudoplagiostomataceae, Diaporthales,
Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata amphigenous on leaves, acervular, subcuticular
to subepidermal, brown, separate; wall consisting of 2 – 3 layers of brown textura angularis, up to 300 µm diam; dehiscence
by means of irregular slits; exuding white to cream conidial
masses. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, discrete, cylindrical to
ampulliform with long cylindrical neck, hyaline, smooth, straight
to curved, proliferating several times percurrently near apex,
15 – 30 × 3 – 5 µm. Conidia aseptate, hyaline, smooth, thickwalled, (1– 2 µm diam), guttulate, elongate ellipsoidal, straight,
apex broadly obtuse, tapering at base to a truncate hilum (1 µm
diam), with minute marginal frill, (15 –)16 –17(– 20) × (6 –)7(– 8)
µm; encased in mucoid sheath (visible in Shear’s mountant,
less so in lactic acid).
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with fluffy,
moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margin, reaching
35 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface olivaceous
grey with dirty white margin, reverse umber in centre, luteous
in outer region. On PDA surface dirty white to buff, reverse pale
olivaceous. On OA surface dirty white to buff.
Typus. auStraLia, New South Wales, Dyraaba, Dyraaba plantation, on
leaves of Corymbia citriodora, 14 Mar. 2015, A.J. Carnegie, HPC 2027 (holotype CBS H-23753, culture ex-type CPC 33275= CBS 145052, ITS, LSU,
tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MK047425.1, MK047476.1, MK047558.1
and MK047577.1, MycoBank MB828169).
Notes — The genus Pseudoplagiostoma (Pseudoplagiostomaceae; Diaporthales) presently contains five species, all of
which are considered to be foliar pathogens (Cheewangkoon et
al. 2010). Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiicola (conidia (15 –)16 –
17(– 20) × (6 –)7(– 8) µm) is morphologically closest to P. corymbiae (conidia (14 –)16 –18(–19) × (7–)8 – 9(–10) μm; Crous
et al. 2012b), although conidia of the latter species are slightly
wider, and the two species are also phylogenetically distinct.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest simi larity to Pseudoplagiostoma eucalypti (GenBank
GU973508.1; Identities = 561/569 (99 %), 3 gaps (0 %)),
Pseudoplagiostoma oldii (GenBank GU973534.1; Identities
= 560/569 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and Pseudoplagiostoma
variabile (GenBank GU973536.1; Identities = 559/569 (98 %),
3 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are
Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiae (GenBank NG_042674.1; Identities = 834/840 (99 %), no gaps), Juglanconis appendiculata
(GenBank KY427140.1; Identities = 812/841 (97 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)), and Pseudovalsa modonia (GenBank MH875180.1;
Identities = 811/840 (97 %), 1 gap (0 %)). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Pseudoplagiostoma variabile (GenBank GU973566.1; Identities
= 311/332 (94 %), 3 gaps (0 %)), Pseudoplagiostoma eucalypti
(GenBank GU973540.1; Identities = 303/332 (91 %), 4 gaps
(1 %)) and Pseudoplagiostoma oldii (GenBank GU973564.1;
Identities = 301/333 (90 %), 5 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using
the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to Pseudoplagiostoma variabile (as Diaporthales sp. CR-2010b, GenBank
GU993863.1; Identities = 461/470 (98 %), no gaps), Pseudoplagiostoma oldii (as Diaporthales sp. CR-2010a, GenBank
GU993862.1; Identities = 451/469 (96 %), no gaps) and Pseudoplagiostoma eucalypti (GenBank AB978372.1; Identities =
446/470 (95 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Corymbia citriodora, Dyraaba plantation, Australia;
conidiomata sporulating on pine needle agar, conidiogenous cells and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries - Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
260
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Thelonectria pelargonii
261
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 790 – 14 December 2018
Thelonectria pelargonii Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Pelargonium, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate,
2.5–3.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiomata sporodochial, sessile on
agar, 50 – 200 µm diam, basal stroma of cells arising from wide
hyphae, 8–15 µm diam, giving rise to tightly aggregated cluster
of primary branches, aseptate, 1 0 – 20 × 4 –7 µm, forming several secondary branches, 10–15 × 4–5 µm, giving rise to erect,
tertiary and quarterly branches, 10 –17 × 3 – 4 µm, forming 1– 3
cymbiform to subcylindrical phialides with periclinal thickening,
12–25 × 3.5–4 µm. Conidia solitary, curved, subcylindrical with
obtuse ends, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, 3 – 4-septate, (41–)
43–45(–47) × (6–)6.5(–7) µm. Chlamydospores and ascomata
not seen.
Culture characteristics — Colonies spreading, with moderate
aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 50 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface buff, reverse sienna
to saffron. On PDA surface umber with diffuse sienna pigment,
reverse umber. On OA surface sienna in centre, amber in outer
region.
Typus. South africa, Western Cape Province, Stellenbosch, Pelargonium
sp. (Geraniaceae), 1 Feb. 2010, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23754, culture
ex-type CBS 145054, ITS, LSU, his3, rpb2 and tub2 sequences GenBank
MK047426.1, MK047477.1, MK047530.1, MK047537.1 and MK047578.1,
MycoBank MB828170).
Notes — The genus Thelonectria was established for a
genus of Nectriaceae with cylindrocarpon-like asexual morphs
(Chaverri et al. 2011) and presently includes approximately
40 species that are known to be saprobes or pathogens of
hardwood trees and shrubs. Thelonectria pelargonii, which is
phylogenetically distinct from other species in the genus, was
associated with roots of a Pelargonium sp. in South Africa, but
presently nothing is known about its ecology.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Thelonectria veuillotiana (GenBank KJ022014.1;
Identities = 462/493 (94 %), 14 gaps (2 %)), Thelonectria westlandica (GenBank JQ403327.1; Identities = 480/515 (93 %),
11 gaps (2 %)) and Cylindrocarpon olidum (GenBank
KC427020.1; Identities = 515/566 (91 %), 29 gaps (5 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Thelonectria veuillotiana (GenBank KJ022063.1; Identities = 818/829 (99 %),
1 gap (0 %)), Thelonectria westlandica (GenBank JQ403366.1;
Identities = 807/824 (98 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Pleiocarpon
strelitziae (GenBank KY304672.1; Identities = 803/821 (98 %),
1 gap (0 %)). Closest hits using the his3 sequence had highest similarity to Thelonectria olida (GenBank KM231487.1;
Identities = 345/379 (91 %), 9 gaps (2 %)), Penicillifer pulcher
(GenBank KM231456.1; Identities = 412/487 (85 %), 28 gaps
(5 %)) and Thelonectria discophora (GenBank KM231489.1;
Identities = 413/490 (84 %), 25 gaps (5 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Thelonectria
lucida (GenBank HQ897734.1; Identities = 798/870 (92 %),
no gaps), Thelonectria trachosa (GenBank KM232343.1; Identities = 775/861 (90 %), no gaps) and Acremonium macroclavatum (GenBank HQ897740.1; Identities = 772/870 (92 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest
similarity to Thelonectria westlandica (GenBank HM352868.1;
Identities = 564/612 (92 %), 6 gaps (0 %)), Thelonectria
lucida (GenBank KJ022321.1; Identities = 473/ 515 (92 %),
7 gaps (1 %)) and Coccinonectria pachysandricola (GenBank
KM232033.1; Identities = 549/626 (88 %), 21 gaps (3 %)).
Colour illustrations. Pelargonium sp. growing in South Africa; conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
262
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Pseudopithomyces angolensis
263
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 791 – 14 December 2018
Pseudopithomyces angolensis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Angola, the country where this species was
collected.
Classification — Didymosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, septate, branched, 2 – 3.5 µm
diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary on aerial mycelium, but
also becoming aggregated on agar surface, giving rise to
sporodochia, up to 250 µm diam; conidiophores subcylindrical,
branched or not, 1– 3-septate, 10 – 25 × 2 – 3.5 µm, pale brown,
smooth to verruculose. Conidiogenous cells smooth, pale brown,
subcylindrical, proliferating percurrently, 7–15 × 2 – 3.5 µm;
conidiogenesis peculiar in that the tip of the conidiogenesis cell
is covered by the basal cap attached to conidia, and this is free
from the conidiogenous cell itself. In young conidiogenous cells
the conidiogenous cell is swollen at the apex, and the basal conidial cap appears to be attached to the tip, but later it is clearly a
cap covering the apex of the conidiogenous cell. Conidia solitary,
medium to dark brown, narrowly fusoid, apex obtuse, base with
basal cup-shaped brown appendage; 3-septate, with two central
cells somewhat darker than the apical and basal cell, (28 –)
30 – 34(– 37) × (7–)8(– 9) µm; wall covered in tubular warts,
1– 3 × 1–1.5 µm (tubes open once mature); basal cap-like appendage brown, 2 – 3 × 3– 4 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies spreading, with moderate
aerial mycelium, covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA surface mouse grey to olivaceous grey, reverse
olivaceous grey.
Typus. anGoLa, Cuito Source Lake, leaf spot of unknown host plant, 13 Mar.
2014, J. Roux, HPC 2084 = NGA 242 (holotype CBS H-23756, culture extype CPC 33597 = CBS 145056, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences GenBank
MK047427.1, MK047478.1 and MK047538.1, MycoBank MB828171).
Notes — Pseudopithomyces contains around 10 species,
distinguished from Pithomyces s.str. by having fusoid, echinulate to verruculose conidia that are visible as brown to black
colonies on the host. In contrast, Pithomyces produces obovate
to ovoid, verruculose, pale brown conidia that form whitish to
yellowish colonies on the host (Ellis 1971). Colonies of Pseudopithomyces angolensis were small, black and shiny on leaves,
and were initially assumed to represent packets of insect eggs.
Morphologically, it is distinct from P. chartarum (conidia with 3
transverse and 1–2 vertical septa, 18–29 × 10–17 µm; Ellis
1971) in having longer, narrower conidia that lack vertical septa.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hit using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Pithomyces chartarum (strain CBS 485.71, GenBank MH860227.1; Identities = 596/601 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %))
and several other sequences labelled as Pithomyces chartarum
or Pseudopithomyces chartarum; however, several other cultures of this species are more distant (e.g., CBS 805.72, CBS
679.71 and CBS 712.70, GenBank MH860611.1, MH860299.1
and MH859914.1; Identities = 588/607 (97 %), 7 gaps (1 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Pseudopithomyces
rosae (GenBank NG_059876.1; Identities = 842/842 (100 %),
no gaps), Pseudopithomyces palmicola (GenBank KU554628.1;
Identities = 847/848 (99 %), no gaps) and Pithomyces chartarum (as Leptosphaerulina chartarum, GenBank LK936376.1;
Identities = 847/848 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the
rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Pithomyces chartarum
(as Leptosphaerulina chartarum, GenBank LK936415.1; Identities = 895/935 (96 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Sporidesmiella fusiformis
(GenBank DQ435079.1; Identities = 681/729 (93 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)) and Pseudopithomyces maydicus (as Pithomyces maydicus, GenBank LK936419.1; Identities = 832/926 (90 %),
3 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Cuito Source Lake, Angola; colony on synthetic
nutrient poor agar, Scanning Electron Micrograph of conidia (photo: Jan
Dijksterhuis), conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Jolanda Roux, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: jolanda.roux@up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
264
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Gnomoniopsis angolensis
265
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 792 – 14 December 2018
Gnomoniopsis angolensis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Angola, the country where this fungus was
collected.
Classification — Glomerellaceae, Glomerellales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata solitary, eustromatic, mono- to multilocular, with
central ostiole, pycnidial, exuding a creamy conidial mass; wall
of 3 – 6 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining
the inner cavity, hyaline to subhyaline at base, subcylindrical
with prominent apical taper, 0 – 2-septate, branched at base,
15 – 25 × 2.5 – 3.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth,
ampulliform to cymbiform, terminal and intercalary, 10–15 × 2–3
µm, phialidic. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical, apex obtuse, tapering at base to truncate hilum, 0.5
µm diam, straight to slightly curved, aseptate, (8 –)9 –10(–11)
× 2(– 2.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies spreading, with sparse
to moderate aerial mycelium and even, lobate margin, covering
dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface sienna with zones
of dirty white, reverse sienna with zones of luteous. On PDA
surface greyish sepia, reverse pale mouse grey. On OA surface
pale mouse grey.
Typus. anGoLa, Cuanavale Source Lake, 1354 m, leaf spot of unknown
host plant, 16 Mar. 2010, J. Roux, HPC 2080, NGA 315, WP1397 (holotype
CBS H-23757, culture ex-type CPC 33595 = CBS 145057, ITS, LSU and
rpb2 sequences GenBank MK047428.1, MK047479.1 and MK047539.1,
MycoBank MB828172).
Notes — Gnomoniopsis contains c. 15 species, most of
which are endophytic or pathogenic to species of Fagaceae,
Onagraceae and Rosaceae (Crous et al. 2012b). Gnomoniopsis
angolensis is phylogenetically distinct from known species
(Walker et al. 2010).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi (GenBank KC145878.1;
Identities = 576/600 (96 %), 10 gaps (1 %)), Discula quercina
(GenBank GQ452265.1; Identities = 571/597 (96 %), 6 gaps
(1 %)) and Gnomoniopsis castaneae (GenBank MH384925.1;
Identities = 564/590 (96 %), 10 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi (GenBank
MH877030.1; Identities = 837/841 (99 %), no gaps), Allantophoma endogenospora (GenBank EU754126.1; Identities = 835/
839 (99 %), no gaps) and Gnomoniopsis castaneae (GenBank
KX929802.1; Identities = 828/832 (99 %), no gaps). Closest
hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Gnomoniopsis clavulata (GenBank EU219242.1; Identities = 809/869
(93 %), no gaps), Gnomoniopsis paraclavulata (GenBank
EU219248.1; Identities = 793/870 (91 %), no gaps) and Discula campestris (GenBank EU199143.1; Identities = 792/869
(91 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Cuanavale Source Lake in Angola; symptomatic leaf,
colony sporulating on oatmeal agar, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Jolanda Roux, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: jolanda.roux@up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
266
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Neomelanconiella combreti
267
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 793 – 14 December 2018
Neomelanconiellaceae Crous, fam. nov.
MycoBank MB828247.
Neomelanconiella Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Melanconiella, a genus which is morphologically similar.
Classification — Neomelanconiellaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata solitary to aggregated, pycnidial, brown with central ostiole; wall of 3 – 6 layers of medium brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity, septate, hyaline,
smooth, subcylindrical with slight apical taper, branched or not.
Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, ampulliform, terminal
and intercalary, phialidic. Conidia solitary, aseptate, hyaline,
smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical to narrowly ellipsoid, apex
obtuse, tapering to truncate hilum.
Type species. Neomelanconiella combreti Crous.
MycoBank MB828246.
Notes — The family Neomelanconiellaceae presently only
includes Neomelanconiella, and clusters between Melanconiellaceae and Harknessiaceae.
Neomelanconiella combreti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Combretum, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Conidiomata solitary to aggregated, pycnidial, 200 – 250 µm
diam, brown with central ostiole; wall of 3 – 6 layers of medium
brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity,
1– 2-septate, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical with slight apical
taper, branched or not, 10 – 20 × 2.5 – 3.5 µm. Conidiogenous
cells hyaline, smooth, ampulliform, terminal and intercalary,
7–12 × 2.5 – 3 µm, phialidic. Conidia solitary, aseptate, hyaline,
smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical to narrowly ellipsoid, apex
obtuse, tapering to truncate hilum, 1 µm diam, (6–)7–8 × (1.5–)
2(– 2.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with sparse
to moderate aerial mycelium and folded surface, reaching
50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and reverse
buff. On PDA surface ochreous, reverse pale luteous. On OA
surface pale luteous.
Typus. South africa, Limpopo Province, Haenertsburg, Wolkberg, Klipdraai Camp, leaf spot on Combretum sp. (Combretaceae), 30 Mar. 2010,
J. Roux, HPC 2089 (holotype CBS H-23758, culture ex-type CPC 33664 =
CBS 145058, ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank MK047429.1,
MK047480.1, MK047540.1 and MK047559.1, MycoBank MB828173).
Colour illustrations. Wolkberg, South Africa; symptomatic leaf, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Notes — Melanconiella presently includes approximately 20
species (Voglmayr et al. 2012), most of which occur on recently
dead twigs and branches of Betulaceae, occurring in the north
temperate zone. Asexual morphs of Melanconiella have in the
past been described in Melanconium, although the latter genus
is in need of revision (Sutton 1980). Morphologically, there is
little to choose between Melanconiella and Neomelanconiella,
although N. combreti occurs on leaves of Combretaceae, and in
the Southern Hemisphere. Neomelanconiella combreti clusters
with an isolate identified as Cryptodiaporthe vepris (AR 3559, on
Rubus idaeus (Rosaceae), Austria), although the latter genus
is now a synonym of Plagiostoma (Mejía et al. 2011).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Melanconiella ellisii (GenBank JQ926269.1; Identities = 404/449 (90 %), 22 gaps (5 %)), Sphaeronaemella
fragariae (GenBank AY271808.1; Identities = 394/440 (90 %), 16
gaps (4 %)) and Melanconiella spodiaea (GenBank JQ926299.1;
Identities = 400/448 (89 %), 20 gaps (4 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Sphaeronaemella fragariae (GenBank
MH866172.1; Identities = 817/845 (97 %), 9 gaps (1 %)), Cryptodiaporthe vepris (GenBank EU683070.1; Identities = 816/844
(97 %), 8 gaps (0 %)) and Harknessia fusiformis (GenBank
JQ706220.1; Identities = 815/843 (97 %), 6 gaps (0 %)). Closest
hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Melanconiella hyperopta var. orientalis (GenBank JQ926352.1; Identities = 743/925 (80 %), 9 gaps (0 %)), Cryphonectria parasitica (GenBank DQ862017.1; Identities = 722/934 (77 %),
19 gaps (2 %)) and Synnemasporella toxicodendri (GenBank
MG682049.1; Identities = 716/924 (77 %), 21 gaps (2 %)).
Closest hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity
to Melanconiella ellisii (GenBank JQ926406.1; Identities =
239/282 (85 %), 18 gaps (6 %)), Tubakia suttoniana (GenBank
MG592106.1; Identities = 228/274 (83 %), 16 gaps (5 %)) and
Tubakia oblongispora (GenBank MG592084.1; Identities =
231/279 (83 %), 24 gaps (8 %)).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Jolanda Roux, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: jolanda.roux@up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
268
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Monilochaetes melastomae
269
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 794 – 14 December 2018
Monilochaetes melastomae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Melastoma, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Australiascaceae, Chaetosphaeriales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth to finely roughened,
branched, septate, 2.5 – 4 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores
solitary, erect, subcylindrical, brown, smooth, rarely branched at base, becoming paler brown toward apex, straight, 2 –
3(– 8)-septate, 90 – 250 × 6 –10 µm. Conidiogenous cells
terminal, pale brown, smooth, subcylindrical with apical taper
to truncate apex, 40 – 55 × 6 –7 µm, phialidic with prominent
periclinal thickening at apex, 3 – 4 µm diam. Conidia aseptate,
occurring in unbranched chains (–30), ellipsoid to narrowly obovoid, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, apex obtuse, tapering at base
to truncate hilum, 2 µm diam, (17–)18 –19(– 20) × (7.5 –)8 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
60 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface fuscous black,
reverse iron-grey. On PDA surface and reverse olivaceous grey.
On OA surface olivaceous grey to iron-grey.
Typus. MaLaySia, leaf spots of Melastoma sp. (Melastomataceae), 25 July
2017, M.J. Wingfield, HPC 2199 (holotype CBS H-23759, culture ex-type
CPC 34181 = CBS 145059, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047430.1
and MK047481.1, MycoBank MB828174).
Notes — Monilochaetes (sexual morph Australiasca) is a
hyphomycetous genus with solitary, erect, sometimes curved
or geniculate, dark brown conidiophores with prominently darkened septa, terminal, wide monophialides with a shallow collarette, and aseptate, rarely septate, hyaline conidia adhering in
basipetal chains or heads (Réblová et al. 2011). Using the key
of Réblová et al. (2011), M. melastomae is similar to M. guadalcanalensis (conidia 18 – 21 × 6 – 9 µm), although the former
differs by forming shorter conidiophores and extremely long
conidial chains, and is also phylogenetically distinct.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had
highest similarity to Australiasca queenslandica (GenBank
KP204397.1; Identities = 463/472 (98 %), no gaps), Monilochaetes nothapodytis (GenBank MF153475.1; Identities =
476/499 (95 %), 9 gaps (1 %)) and Australiasca laeensis (GenBank EF029187.1; Identities = 506/547 (93 %), 19 gaps (3 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Monilochaetes dimorphospora (GenBank HQ609480.1; Identities = 899/907
(99 %), no gaps), Monilochaetes guadalcanalensis (GenBank
MH872756.1; Identities = 887/895 (99 %), no gaps) and Australiasca queenslandica (GenBank HM237323.1; Identities =
898/907 (99 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Symptomatic leaves of Melastoma sp. growing in
Malaysia; conidial chains, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
270
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Dothiora corymbiae
271
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 795 – 14 December 2018
Dothiora corymbiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Corymbia, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Dothideaceae, Dothideales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, separate, obovoid, papillate, brown, with
central ostiole, 100 –150 µm diam; wall of 4 – 8 layers of brown
textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous
cells lining the inner cavity, ellipsoid, hyaline, polyphialidic,
with 1– 3 loci per conidiogenous cell, 5 –10 × 4 – 5 µm. Conidia
solitary, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical with obtuse
ends, straight, 4 – 5 × 2 µm; once discharged onto the agar
surface, conidia turn brown, and become swollen, thick-walled,
ellipsoid, 5 – 6 × 3– 4 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies slimy, yeast-like, spreading, with sparse aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margin,
reaching 50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
sepia, reverse hazel. On PDA surface and reverse sepia. On
OA surface hazel to fawn.
Typus. auStraLia, Queensland, Minden, on leaves of Corymbia citriodora
(Myrtaceae), 1 Feb. 2010, J. Roux, CJA010 (holotype CBS H-23760, isotype
BRIP 58843a, culture ex-type CPC 33719 = CBS 145060, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MK047431.1 and MK047482.1, MycoBank MB828175).
Notes — Dothiora was recently treated by Crous & Groenewald (2016, 2017). Ascostromata were shown to lack pseudoparaphyses, have bitunicate asci with hyaline, transversely
septate ascospores (rarely with vertical septa). Conidiomata
are pycnidial, conidiophores reduced to hyaline, phialidic conidiogenous cells, and conidia aseptate, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical to ovoid or oblong, forming a hormonema-like
synasexual morph. The present collection is thus best accommodated in Dothiora.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Neocylindroseptoria pistaciae (GenBank
KF251152.1; Identities = 512/577 (89 %), 37 gaps (6 %)),
Dothiora sorbi (GenBank MH860401.1; Identities = 509/590
(86 %), 42 gaps (7 %)) and Kabatina thujae (GenBank
MH858858.1; Identities = 484/555 (87 %), 38 gaps (6 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Dothiora ceratoniae
(GenBank MH872233.1; Identities = 818/839 (97 %), 3 gaps
(0 %)), Dothiora schizospora (GenBank MH868980.1; Identities
= 817/839 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Dothiora cactacearum
(GenBank KY929177.1; Identities = 817/839 (97 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)).
Dothiora Fr., Summa Veg. Scand., Sectio Post. (Stockholm):
418. 1849
Synonyms. Cylindroseptoria Thambug. & K.D. Hyde, Fung. Diversity 68:
125. 2014.
Neophaeocryptopus Wanas. et al., Fung. Diversity 78: 21. 2016.
For additional synonyms see Crous & Groenewald (2017).
Dothiora pistaciae (Quaedvlieg et al.) Crous, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB828176.
Basionym. Cylindroseptoria pistaciae Quaedvlieg et al., Stud. Mycol. 75:
359. 2013.
Synonym. Neocylindroseptoria pistaciae (Quaedvlieg et al.) Thambug. et al.,
Fung. Diversity 68: 125. 2014.
Dothiora mahoniae (A.W. Ramaley) Crous, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB828177.
Basionym. Kabatina mahoniae A.W. Ramaley, Mycotaxon 43: 443. 1992.
Dothiora cytisi (Wanas. et al.) Crous, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB828178.
Basionym. Neophaeocryptopus cytisi Wanas. et al., Fung. Diversity 78:
22. 2016.
Colour illustrations. Indigenous forest in Queensland, Australia; colony
sporulating on malt extract agar, conidioma, hyphae, conidiogenous cells
and conidia. Scale bars: conidioma = 150 µm, all others = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Jolanda Roux, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: jolanda.roux@up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
272
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Neodevriesia coccolobae
273
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 796 – 14 December 2018
Neodevriesia coccolobae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Coccoloba, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Neodevriesiaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of olivaceous, smooth, branched, septate,
1.5–2 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores erect, mononematous,
1– 5-septate, brown, smooth, subcylindrical, straight to flexuous, unbranched, 12 –100 × 2.5 – 3.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells
terminal, subcylindrical, brown, smooth, (7–)10 –15 × (2 –)2.5
µm, polyblastic, loci 1.5 – 2 µm diam, darkened. Ramoconidia
0(–1)-septate, subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, 10 –17 ×
2.5 – 3.5 µm. Conidia in branched chains, 0(–1)-septate, pale
brown, smooth, subcylindrical to narrowly fusoid, tapering at
ends to truncate hila, 0.5 –1 µm diam, (6 –)7– 8(–10) × (2 –)
2.5 (– 3) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins,
reaching 10 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and
OA, surface and reverse olivaceous brown.
Typus. Puerto rico, on leaves of Coccoloba uvifera (Polygonaceae), May
2017, M.J. Wingfield, HPC 2164 (holotype CBS H-23761, culture ex-type
CPC 34073 = CBS 145064, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047432.1
and MK047483.1, MycoBank MB828179).
Notes — Quaedvlieg et al. (2014) established Neodevriesia
for a group of hyphomycetes with medium brown, unbranched
conidiophores, thick-walled, medium brown, rarely septate
conidia, occurring in short and mostly unbranched conidial
chains, and lacking chlamydospores. Neodevriesia is generally
plant-associated, and distinct from the mainly soil-inhabiting
Devriesia s.str. Neodevriesia coccolobae is phylogenetically
distinct from the approximately 20 species that are presently
attributed to the genus.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Neodevriesia imbrexigena (as Devriesia imbrexigena,
GenBank JX915745.1; Identities = 419/455 (92 %), 15 gaps
(3 %)), Scytalidium infestans (GenBank MH873928.1; Identities = 481/526 (91 %), 9 gaps (1 %)) and Neodevriesia cladophorae (as Devriesia sp. MW-2016a, GenBank KU578112.1;
Identities = 480/525 (91 %), 8 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Neodevriesia cladophorae (GenBank
KU578114.1; Identities = 855/862 (99 %), no gaps), Neodevriesia queenslandica (as Devriesia queenslandica, GenBank
JF951168.1; Identities = 889/899 (99 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and
Neodevriesia imbrexigena (as Devriesia imbrexigena, GenBank
JX915749.1; Identities = 880/890 (99 %), 4 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Beach at Puerto Rico; symptomatic leaf, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
274
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Neodevriesia tabebuiae
275
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 797 – 14 December 2018
Neodevriesia tabebuiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Tabebuia, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Neodevriesiaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of brown, smooth, branched, septate,
2 – 3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores erect, mononematous,
0 – 2-septate, brown, smooth, subcylindrical to geniculoussinuous, unbranched, frequently reduced to conidiogenous
loci on hyphae, 3 – 50 × 2 – 3 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal,
subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, 3–15 × 2–3 µm, polyblastic,
loci 1–1.5 µm diam, somewhat darkened and thickened. Ramoconidia 0–1-septate, subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, 7–15 ×
2–3 µm. Conidia in branched chains, 0–1-septate, pale brown,
smooth to finely roughened, subcylindrical, tapering at ends to
truncate hila, somewhat darkened, 1 µm diam, (6 –)7– 8(–10)
× (2–)2.5(– 3) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and
OA surface and reverse olivaceous grey.
Notes — Neodevriesia tabebuiae and N. coccolobae were
both collected from leaves of different plant species growing
in Puerto Rico; however, their ITS sequences are only 94 %
(498/532, including 2 gaps) similar. Phylogenetically, N. tabebuiae is distinct from the approximately 20 species that are
presently attributed to Neodevriesia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Neodevriesia lagerstroemiae (GenBank
GU214634.1; Identities = 519/572 (91 %), 21 gaps (3 %)),
Scytalidium infestans (GenBank MH873928.1; Identities =
517/571 (91 %), 16 gaps (2 %)) and Neodevriesia cladophorae (as Devriesia sp. MW-2016a, GenBank KU578112.1;
Identities = 507/561 (90 %), 15 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Neodevriesia hilliana (GenBank
GU214414.1; Identities = 879/897 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)),
Neodevriesia shakazului (GenBank NG_042753.1; Identities = 873/890 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and Neodevriesia queenslandica (as Devriesia queenslandica, GenBank JF951168.1;
Identities = 879/899 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. Puerto rico, on leaves of Tabebuia chrysantha (Bignoniaceae),
May 2017, M.J. Wingfield, HPC 2178 (holotype CBS H-23762, culture ex-type
CPC 34081 = CBS 145065, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047433.1
and MK047484.1, MycoBank MB828180).
Colour illustrations. Forest in Puerto Rico; conidiophores, conidiogenous
cells and conidial chains. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
276
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Alfaria tabebuiae
277
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 798 – 14 December 2018
Alfaria tabebuiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Tabebuia, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata sporodochial, superficial, cupulate, scattered to
gregarious, oval in outline, 100–300 µm diam, with slimy, olivaceous brown conidial masses. Setae flexuous, unbranched, thickwalled, apex subobtuse, dark brown, verruculose, 6 – 8septate, 130 – 200 × 6 –7 µm. Conidiophores arising from the
basal stroma, densely aggregated, subcylindrical, 3–5-septate,
branched, becoming pigmented and verruculose toward apex,
30 – 50 × 2 – 3 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal
and intercalary, subcylindrical, becoming pigmented and verruculose in upper region, phialidic with periclinal thickening and
flared collarette, 10 –15 × 2 – 2.5 µm. Conidia aseptate, solitary, fusoid-ellipsoid, straight, apex subobtuse, base truncate,
1.5–2 µm diam, guttulate, granular, olivaceous brown, smooth,
(6 –)7(–7.5) × (2.5–)3 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium, folded surface, and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface salmon, reverse orange. On PDA surface salmon, reverse
pale luteous. On OA surface salmon.
Typus. Puerto rico, on leaves of Tabebuia chrysantha (Bignoniaceae),
May 2017, M.J. Wingfield, HPC 2178 (holotype CBS H-23763, culture
ex-type CPC 34038 = CBS 145066, ITS, LSU, cmdA, rpb2, tef1 and tub2
sequences GenBank MK047434.1, MK047485.1, MK047527.1, MK047541.1,
MK047560.1 and MK047579.1, MycoBank MB828181).
Additional material examined. Puerto rico, on leaves of T. chrysantha,
May 2017, M.J. Wingfield, HPC 2178, CPC 34083 = CBS 145063, ITS, LSU,
cmdA, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MK047435.1, MK047486.1,
MK047528.1, MK047542.1, MK047561.1 and MK047580.1.
Notes — Alfaria was established for a fungus causing a
disease on Cyperus esculentus in Spain, and presently contains
close to 20 species (Crous et al. 2014a, 2018a, Lombard et
al. 2016). Alfaria tabebuiae is phylogenetically closely related
to A. acaciae (conidia (6 –)8 –10(–12) × (2.5 –)3 µm; Crous et
al. 2018a), although it has shorter conidia, and longer setae.
Several isolates identified as Amerosporium spp. cluster in the
Alfaria clade. However, Amerosporium has unilocular, spherical
conidiomata, and is distinct from the sporodochial conidiomata
of Alfaria. Synapomorphies between the genera are pigmented
setae, phialidic conidiogenous cells and pigmented, aseptate
conidia. The morphology of these ‘Amerosporium’ isolates will
be resolved in a later study.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
34038 had highest similarity to Alfaria acaciae (GenBank
NR_158363.1; Identities = 572/582 (98 %), 5 gaps (0 %)),
Alfaria cyperi-esculenti (GenBank KJ869143.1; Identities =
575/591 (97 %), 10 gaps (1 %)) and Alfaria thymi (GenBank
NR_154714.1; Identities = 568/587 (97 %), 13 gaps (2 %)).
The ITS sequences of CPC 34038 and 34083 differ with 1 nt.
Closest hits using the LSU sequence of CPC 34038 are Alfaria
acaciae (GenBank MH107930.1; Identities = 857/859 (99 %),
no gaps), Alfaria cyperi-esculenti (GenBank KJ869200.1; Identities = 801/804 (99 %), no gaps) and Alfaria thymi (GenBank
KU845999.1; Identities = 822/828 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)). The
LSU sequences of CPC 34038 and 34083 are identical. Closest hits using the cmdA sequence of CPC 34038 had highest
similarity to Alfaria terrestris (GenBank KU845979.1; Identities = 486/542 (90 %), 4 gaps (0 %)), Alfaria acaciae (GenBank
MH107991.1; Identities = 530/611 (87 %), 7 gaps (1 %)) and
Gregatothecium humicola (GenBank KU846285.1; Identities =
482/542 (89 %), 4 gaps (0 %)). The cmdA sequences of CPC
34038 and 34083 are identical. Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence of CPC 34038 had highest similarity to Alfaria acaciae
(GenBank MH108001.1; Identities = 653/702 (93 %), no gaps),
Alfaria thymi (GenBank KU846006.1; Identities = 508/578
(88 %), no gaps) and Alfaria caricicola (GenBank KU846001.1;
Identities = 521/597 (87 %), no gaps). The rpb2 sequences
of CPC 34038 and 34083 are identical. Closest hits using the
tef1 sequence of CPC 34038 had highest similarity to Alfaria
acaciae (GenBank MH108013.1; Identities = 378/437 (86 %),
22 gaps (5 %)), Alfaria caricicola (GenBank KU846008.1; Identities = 324/403 (80 %), 16 gaps (3 %)) and Alfaria terrestris
(GenBank KU846010.1; Identities = 309/378 (82 %), 28 gaps
(7 %)). The tef1 sequences of CPC 34038 and 34083 differ with
1 nt. Closest hits using the tub2 sequence of CPC 34038 had
highest similarity to Alfaria acaciae (GenBank MH108035.1;
Identities = 400/425 (94 %), 4 gaps (0 %)), Alfaria terrestris
(GenBank KU846019.1; Identities = 327/350 (93 %), 3 gaps
(0 %)) and Alfaria putrefolia (GenBank KU846017.1; Identities = 325/349 (93 %), 1 gap (0 %)). The tub2 sequences of
CPC 34038 and 34083 differ with 2 nt.
Colour illustrations. Forest in Puerto Rico; colony sporulating on oatmeal agar, sporodochia with setae, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
278
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum
& Anungitopsis lauri
279
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 799 & 800 – 14 December 2018
Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Laurus, the host genus from which this fungus
was isolated.
Classification — Vermiculariopsiellaceae, Vermiculariopsiellales, Sordariomycetes.
Sporodochia developing on OA and PDA, erumpent, crystalline, up to 450 µm diam, with brown, erect setae dispersed
throughout sporodochium, thick-walled, smooth-walled, straight
to flexuous, 100 – 300 × 4 – 5 µm, 8 – 20-septate, tapering to an
obtuse apex and with bulbous base, 7– 9 µm diam, forming a
series of lateral branches (up to 100 µm long) that again branch
once with tertiary branch (up to 120 µm long). Conidiogenous
cells phialidic, developing in a cluster around the base of setae,
pale brown, smooth, subcylindrical with apical taper with periclinal thickening and minute collarette, 1– 2 µm long, 20 – 25 ×
3–3.5 µm. Conidia aseptate, solitary, hyaline, guttulate, straight
to slightly curved, inequilateral with inner plane straight and
outer plane convex, apex subobtusely rounded; base truncate
but with excentric hilum, 0.5 µm diam, on inner straight plane,
(9 –)10(–11) × (3–)3.5(– 4) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium, folded surface, and even, lobate margin, reaching 25 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
pale mouse grey, reverse mouse grey. On PDA surface sepia,
reverse brown vinaceous. On OA surface mouse grey.
Typus. SPain, La Gomera, leaf litter of Laurus novocanariensis (Lauraceae), 30 Mar. 2017, A.L. van Iperen, HPC 2058 (holotype CBS H-23755,
culture ex-type CPC 33591 = CBS 145055, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047436.1 and MK047487.1, MycoBank MB828182).
Notes — Species of Vermiculariopsiella produce sporodochia with brown, erect setae, stromatic, sub-hyaline conidiophores, phialidic conidiogenous cells, and hyaline, aseptate
conidia (Crous et al. 2014a). There are presently more than 16
species known in the genus. Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum
is morphologically distinct from known species based on its
long, branched setae, and small conidia. Vermiculariopsis circinotricha, an apparent coelomycete (Chaetomella complex),
was described from leaves of Laurus ‘canariensis’ collected in
Madeira (branched setae, conidia cylindrical, 14 –19 × 1–1.5
µm). However, Sutton & Sarbhoy (1976) could not locate any
type material, and hence the taxonomy of the genus has remained unresolved. Based on the original description and current information about the sexual morph of Vermiculariopsiella,
it could well be that the illustrated black, ellipsoid sporocarp
was of an ascoma (e.g., see V. dichapetali ), in which case
Vermiculariopsis would represent an older name for the genus
Vermiculariopsiella.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Vermiculariopsiella microsperma (GenBank
KY853478.1; Identities = 530/546 (97 %), 7 gaps (1 %)), Vermiculariopsiella pediculata (GenBank MH866028.1; Identities
= 530/556 (95 %), 11 gaps (1 %)) and Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti (GenBank NR_154637.1; Identities = 514/540 (95 %),
5 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti (GenBank KX228303.1; Identities =
815/827 (99 %), no gaps), Vermiculariopsiella pediculata (GenBank MH877476.1; Identities = 829/843 (98 %), 3 gaps (0 %))
and Vermiculariopsiella dichapetali (GenBank MH107970.1;
Identities = 811/839 (97 %), 4 gaps (0 %)).
Anungitopsis lauri Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Laurus, the host genus from which this fungus
was isolated.
and PDA surface and reverse olivaceous grey. On OA surface
olivaceous grey with diffuse peach pigment.
Classification — Venturiaceae, Venturiales, Dothideomycetes.
Typus. SPain, La Gomera, leaf litter of Laurus novocanariensis (Lauraceae), 1300 m altitude, 30 Mar. 2017, A.L. van Iperen, HPC 2058 (holotype
CBS H-23764, culture ex-type CPC 33999 = CBS 145067, ITS sequence
GenBank MK047437.1, MycoBank MB828183).
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, pale olivaceous,
smooth, 2–3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect,
medium brown, smooth-walled, flexuous, arising from superficial
hyphae, subcylindrical, rarely branched, multiseptate, 200–500
× 5–6 µm, with basal cell extending from hyphae or globose,
up to 8 µm diam, lacking rhizoids. Conidiogenous cells integrated, subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth-walled, terminal
and intercalary, 20–40 × 4–5 µm, polyblastic, with flat-tipped
loci, 2–2.5 µm diam, not thickened nor darkened. Conidia in
branched chains, subcylindrical to narrowly fusoid with obtusely
rounded ends, hila truncate, 1–1.5 µm diam, unthickened, nor
darkened, 3(–7)-septate, finely roughened, medina cells medium brown, end cells pale brown, (23–)30–35(–47) × (4–)5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 8 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA
Colour illustrations. Laurus novocanariensis growing in Spain. Left
column, Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum, colony on malt extract agar, branched setae, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Right column, Anungitopsis lauri,
conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Notes — Anungitea is a genus of hyphomycetes defined
as having dark, solitary conidiophores, with a denticulate head
with flattened conidiogenous scars that are unthickened and not
darkened, and chains of cylindrical, 1-septate subhyaline conidia
(Sutton 1973). Anungitopsis includes taxa with indistinguishable
scars arranged in a rachis, and Neoanungitea is intermediate
between these two genera, having a rachis, but with flat-tipped
loci (Crous et al. 2017b). Crous et al. (2018a) introduced the
genus Pseudoanungitea for species phylogenetically distinct
from Anungitea s.str., having terminal and intercalary conidiogenous cells, and refractive, thickened scars that give rise
to short conidial chains with somewhat darkened and refractive
hila. Anungitopsis lauri is phylogenetically distinct from those
species presently known from their DNA sequence data.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Anungitopsis speciosa (GenBank EU035401.1; Identities = 601/614 (98 %) and Neoanungitea eucalypti (GenBank
NR_156383.1; Identities = 495/607 (82 %), 41 gaps (6 %)).
Pedro W. Crous, Arien L. van Iperen & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl, a.iperen@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
280
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Pararamichloridium caricicola
281
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 801 – 14 December 2018
Pararamichloridium caricicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Carex, the host genus from which this fungus
was isolated.
Classification — Pararamichloridiaceae, Pararamichloridiales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of brown, smooth, branched, 1.5–2 µm diam
hyphae. Conidiophores arising from superficial hyphae, subcylindrical, erect, flexuous, unbranched, brown, smooth, 1– 6septate, 35 –100 × 2.5 – 3 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated,
terminal, subcylindrical with slight apical taper, brown, smooth,
10–25 × 2.5–3 µm; forming a rachis with numerous pimple-like
denticles, 0.5 µm diam, inconspicuous, not darkened nor thickened. Conidia solitary, aseptate, pale brown, guttulate, covered
in a sheath, which gives the surface a wrinkled appearance in
lactic acid, ellipsoid, apex obtuse, base truncate, 1.5 – 2 µm
diam, somewhat darkened, (4 –)6 –7(– 8) × 3(– 3.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA
surface ochreous, reverse salmon. On PDA surface and reverse
greyish with patches of yellow-green. On OA surface buff with
patches of ochreous.
Notes — Pararamichloridium has a ramichloridium-like morphology (Arzanlou et al. 2007), although it clusters distant from
Ramichloridium s.str. (Videira et al. 2017). The genus presently
includes two species (Crous et al. 2017b), that cluster phylogenetically distinct from P. caricicola.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Pararamichloridium verrucosa (GenBank
NR_156653.1; Identities = 502/576 (87 %), 43 gaps (7 %))
and Pararamichloridium livistonae (GenBank NR_156652.1;
Identities = 533/656 (81 %), 68 gaps (10 %)). Closest hits
using the LSU sequence are Pararamichloridium verrucosa
(GenBank MH873621.1; Identities = 882/897 (98 %), no gaps),
Pararamichloridium livistonae (GenBank NG_058504.1; Identities = 801/836 (96 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and Paracapsulospora
metroxyli (as Sordariomycetidae sp. SK-2016a, GenBank
KX646364.1; Identities = 849/894 (95 %), 5 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. thaiLand, Ratchaburi Province, on leaf of Carex sp. (Cyperaceae),
2008, P.W. Crous, HPC 2251 (holotype CBS H-23766, culture ex-type CPC
34533 = CBS 145069, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047438.1 and
MK047488.1, MycoBank MB828187).
Colour illustrations. Indigenous forest in Thailand; colony sporulating on
synthetic nutrient poor agar, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory, BIOTEC, 113 Thailand Science Park,
Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; e-mail: jajen@biotec.or.th
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
282
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Coniella diospyri
283
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 802 – 14 December 2018
Coniella diospyri Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Diospyros, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Schizoparmaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata separate, immersed to superficial, hyaline, becoming black, up to 300 µm diam; ostiole central, 20 – 25 µm
diam; conidiomatal wall of 2 – 6 layers of medium brown
textura angularis. Conidiophores densely aggregated, subulate,
frequently branched below, 1– 2-septate, 15 – 25 × 3 – 4 µm.
Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, with apical
taper, 6 – 8 × 2.5 – 3.5 µm, covered in a mucoid sheath, apex
with visible periclinal thickening. Conidia solitary, aseptate,
olivaceous brown, cylindrical, straight, smooth-walled, apex
subobtuse, base truncate, multi-guttulate, germ slit absent,
(19 –)21– 23(– 25) × 3(– 3.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium, covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA and PDA surface and reverse umber. On OA surface dirty
white.
Typus. South africa, Limpopo Province, Kruger National Park, on leaves
of Diospyros mespiliformis (Ebenaceae), 19 Nov. 2010, P.W. Crous HPC
2259 (holotype CBS H-23767, culture ex-type CPC 34674 = CBS 145071,
ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank MK047439.1, MK047489.1,
MK047543.1 and MK047562.1, MycoBank MB828188).
Additional material examined. South africa, Limpopo Province, Kruger
National Park, on leaves of Trichilia emetica (Meliaceae), 19 Nov. 2010,
P.W. Crous, HPC 2260, specimen CBS H-23786, culture CPC 34676 = CBS
145070, ITS, LSU and tef1 sequences GenBank MK047440.1, MK047490.1
and MK047563.1.
Notes — The genus Coniella was revised by Alvarez et al.
(2016), and approximate 30 species are currently accepted in
the genus (Marin-Felix et al. 2017, Raudabaugh et al. 2017).
Coniella diospyri adds an additional species to the genus,
being morphologically similar to the C. castaneicola complex,
although it is phylogenetically distinct.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
34674 had highest similarity to Coniella duckerae (GenBank
NR_154851.1; Identities = 600/611 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Coniella quercicola (GenBank AY339345.1; Identities = 562 /577
(97 %), 6 gaps (1 %)) and Coniella limoniformis (GenBank
NR_154819.1; Identities = 549/564 (97 %), 6 gaps (1 %)). The
ITS sequences of CPC 34674 and 34676 are identical. Closest hits using the LSU sequence of CPC 34674 are Coniella
tibouchinae (GenBank JQ281776.2; Identities = 900/911 (99 %),
3 gaps (0 %)), Coniella granati (GenBank MH869130.1; Identities = 892/901 (99 %), no gaps) and Coniella straminea (GenBank MH866234.1; Identities = 890 /898 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)).
The LSU sequences of CPC 34674 and 34676 are identical.
Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence of CPC 34674 had highest
similarity to Coniella tibouchinae (GenBank KX833507.1; Identities = 703 /767 (92 %), no gaps), Coniella limoniformis (GenBank KX833492.1; Identities = 699 /767 (91 %), no gaps) and
Coniella africana (GenBank KX833421.1; Identities = 689/767
(90 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence of CPC
34674 had highest similarity to Coniella tibouchinae (GenBank JQ281778.1; Identities = 348/412 (84 %), 21 gaps (5 %)),
Coniella eucalyptorum (GenBank KX833634.1; Identities =
292 /337 (87 %), 14 gaps (4 %)) and Coniella africana (GenBank KX833600.1; Identities = 371/456 (81 %), 28 gaps (6 %)).
The tef1 sequences of CPC 34674 and 34676 are only 93 %
(522/564, including 20 gaps) similar.
Colour illustrations. Diospyros mespiliformis in Kruger National Park;
colony sporulating on oatmeal agar, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
284
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Pseudorobillarda bolusanthi
285
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 803 – 14 December 2018
Pseudorobillarda bolusanthi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Bolusanthus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Pseudorobillardaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata immersed, globose, 200 – 250 µm diam, with
central ostiole 50–70 µm diam, surrounded by darker cells than
conidiomatal body which is transparent; wall of 3 – 6 layers of
thin-walled, flattened textura angularis; conidiomata giving rise
to both micro- and macroconidia. Macroconidiophores lining the
inner cavity, reduced to conidiogenous cells, hyaline, smooth,
doliiform, phialidic with periclinal thickening and flared collarette, or proliferating percurrently when older, 4 –7(–15) × 3–4
µm. Paraphyses numerous, hyphae-like, intermingled among
conidiophores, aseptate, flexuous, extending above conidiophores, 50 –70 × 1.5 – 2 µm. Macroconidia solitary, (1–)3-septate, guttulate, hyaline, smooth, septa thick and prominent
with a central pore linking each cell, apex subobtuse, tapering
to a truncate base, 3 µm diam, (21–)26 – 28(– 30) × 6(–7) µm;
apical appendages arising from splitting of the conidial sheath,
hair-like, flexuous, unbranched, 3 – 5, up to 30 µm long, fragile,
flexuous, unbranched, mostly absent. Microconidiogenous cells
hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical to ampulliform, proliferating
percurrently, 10 –15 × 4 – 5 µm. Microconidia solitary, aseptate,
hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical, apex obtuse, base
truncate, 4 – 8 × 2 – 4 µm; apical appendages hair-like, flexuous, unbranched, 3 – 5, up to 10 µm long, fragile, flexuous,
unbranched.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface saffron, reverse ochreous. On PDA surface saffron, reverse umber. On
OA surface saffron.
Notes — Pseudorobillarda was treated by Nag Raj (1993),
and presently contains 15 species. Species of Pseudorobillarda have been recorded as saprobes, plant pathogens, and
endophytes (Vujanovic & St-Arnaud 2003), but have also been
isolated from soil (Kadowaki et al. 2014). Pseudorobillarda
bolusanthi has paraphyses and 3-septate conidia, being most
similar to P. indica (conidia 14.5 – 21.5 × 3.5 – 5.5 µm; Nag Raj
1993), but is distinct in having larger conidia with thick septa,
and characteristic microconidia that also bear apical appendages.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Pseudorobillarda siamensis (GenBank FJ825370.1;
Identities = 725/912 (79 %), 56 gaps (6 %)), Acrocalymma
aquatica (GenBank JX276951.1; Identities = 562/642 (88 %),
20 gaps (3 %)) and Rhizopycnis vagum (GenBank HE585021.1;
Identities = 558/637 (88 %), 19 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Pseudorobillarda texana (GenBank
FJ825377.1; Identities = 815/854 (95 %), 4 gaps (0 %)), Pseudorobillarda sojae (GenBank KF827458.1; Identities = 814/861
(95 %), 6 gaps (0 %)) and Pseudorobillarda phragmitis (GenBank MH869670.1; Identities = 805/859 (94 %), 4 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. South africa, Limpopo Province, Kruger National Park, on leaves
of Bolusanthus speciosus (Fabaceae), 19 Nov. 2010, P.W. Crous, HPC 2263
(holotype CBS H-23782, culture ex-type CPC 34670 = CBS 145072, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MK047441.1 and MK047491.1, MycoBank
MB828189).
Colour illustrations. Bolusanthus speciosus in Kruger National Park; conidiomata on synthetic nutrient poor agar, conidiogenous cells, paraphyses
and conidia. Scale bars: conidiomata = 200 µm, all others = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
286
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Neomyrmecridium septatum
287
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 804 – 14 December 2018
Neomyrmecridium Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects its morphological similarity to the genus Myrmecridium.
Classification — Myrmecridiaceae, Myrmecridiales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of septate, branched hyphae, hyaline,
smooth. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, unbranched,
medium brown, smooth, subcylindrical, septate. Conidiogenous
cells terminal, integrated, subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth,
with several denticles at apex; not thickened nor darkened.
Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, becoming pale
brown with age, upper two thirds encased in mucoid sheath,
fusoid-ellipsoid, septate.
Type species. Neomyrmecridium septatum Crous.
MycoBank MB828190.
Neomyrmecridium septatum Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to its septate conidia.
Mycelium consisting of septate, branched hyphae, hyaline,
smooth, 2 – 3 µm diam. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight,
unbranched, medium brown, smooth, subcylindrical, 1– 4-septate, 40–70 × 4–5 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated,
subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth, 30 – 40 × 4 – 5 µm, with
several denticles at apex, 1–1.5 × 1 µm; not thickened nor
darkened. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, becoming pale brown with age, upper two thirds encased in mucoid
sheath, 1–2 µm diam, fusoid-ellipsoid, apex obtuse, tapering in
lower third to a truncate hilum, 0.5 –1 µm diam, (1–)3-septate,
(12 –)14 –16(– 20) × (3.5–)4(– 5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and even, smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
and reverse apricot. On PDA surface apricot, reverse luteous.
On OA surface pale luteous.
Typus. thaiLand, Ratchaburi Province, on leaves of unidentified vine,
2008, P.W. Crous, HPC 2252 (holotype CBS H-23768, culture ex-type CPC
34585 = CBS 145073, ITS, LSU, rpb1, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank
MK047442.1, MK047492.1, MK047531.1, MK047544.1 and MK047564.1,
MycoBank MB828191).
Notes — Myrmecridium is a ramichloridium-like genus with
hyaline mycelium, and relatively unpigmented, pimple-like denticles (Arzanlou et al. 2007). The genus presently contains 12
species, all of which are known from their DNA. Species are
distinguished based on conidium and conidiophore morphology,
as well as DNA phylogeny (Crous et al. 2015a, 2016a).
Myrmecridium sorbicola was recently introduced by Crous et al.
(2018a), who commented on the fact that it was distinct from
known species of Myrmecridium in having septate conidia. In
the present additional species are added (also with septate
conidia), resolving this clade to represent a new genus, clustering sister to Myrmecridium s.str.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Myrmecridium sorbicola (GenBank MH107901.1;
Identities = 502/564 (89 %), 19 gaps (3 %)), Myrmecridium
banksiae (GenBank NR_111762.1; Identities = 480/553 (87 %),
15 gaps (2 %)) and Myrmecridium spartii (GenBank KX306762.1;
Identities = 483/558 (87 %), 17 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Myrmecridium sorbicola (GenBank
MH107948.1; Identities = 815/842 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Myrmecridium schulzeri (GenBank MH473005.1; Identities = 857/
898 (95 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Pleurophragmium acutum (GenBank MH876650.1; Identities = 853/894 (95 %), no gaps). No
significant hits were obtained when the rpb1, rpb2 and tef1
sequences were used in blastn and megablast searches.
Neomyrmecridium sorbicola (Crous & R.K. Schumach.)
Crous, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB828192.
Basionym. Myrmecridium sorbicola Crous & R.K. Schumach., Fungal Syst.
Evol. 1: 191. 2018.
Colour illustrations. Indigenous forest in Thailand; conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory, BIOTEC, 113 Thailand Science Park,
Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; e-mail: jajen@biotec.or.th
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
288
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Xenodactylaria thailandica
289
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 805 – 14 December 2018
Xenodactylariaceae Crous, fam. nov.
MycoBank MB828248.
Xenodactylaria Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects its morphological similarity to the genus Dactylaria.
Classification — Xenodactylariaceae, Myrmecridiales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of smooth, hyaline, branched, septate,
hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells on
hyphae, erect to flexuous, hyaline, smooth, with 1 to several
denticulate apical loci. Conidia occurring in branched chains,
hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, septate.
Type species. Xenodactylaria thailandica Crous.
MycoBank MB828193.
Xenodactylaria thailandica Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Thailand, the country where this fungus was
collected.
Mycelium consisting of smooth, hyaline, branched, septate,
2 – 2.5 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells on hyphae, erect to flexuous, 5 – 20 × 2 – 3.5 µm,
hyaline, smooth, with 1 to several denticulate apical loci, 1– 2
× 1.5 – 2 µm. Conidia occurring in branched chains (mostly unbranched), hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical, straight,
apex obtuse, base truncate, 1.5 – 2 µm diam, 3(– 5)-septate,
(20 –)24 – 27(– 32) × (3–)4 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 22 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
pale mouse grey, reverse olivaceous grey in centre, buff in
outer region. On PDA surface and reverse buff. On OA surface
olivaceous grey.
Typus. thaiLand, Ratchaburi Province, on leaves of unidentified vine,
2008, P.W. Crous, HPC 2252 (holotype CBS H-23769, culture ex-type CPC
34588 = CBS 145074, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047443.1 and
MK047493.1, MycoBank MB828194).
Notes — Dactylaria (De Hoog 1985) is heterogeneous (Crous
et al. 2016a, 2017b), with its type species, D. purpurella, clustering in Magnaporthales (Klaubauf et al. 2014). Xenodactylaria is
reminiscent of Dactylaria and Cylindrosympodium, but distinct
in that all structures are hyaline, and conidia occur in short
chains. Phylogenetically, it also clusters on its own, and a new
genus and family is introduced to accommodate it.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Fusarium robustum (GenBank MH861018.1; Identities = 454/548 (83 %), 37 gaps (6 %)), Fusarium venenatum
(GenBank NR_156290.1; Identities = 454/550 (83 %), 38 gaps
(6 %)) and Fusarium sambucinum (GenBank KM231813.1;
Identities = 451/547 (82 %), 37 gaps (6 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Acremonium pteridii (GenBank
MH871174.1; Identities = 827/ 896 (92 %), 9 gaps (1 %)),
Ijuhya dentifera (GenBank MH872777.1; Identities = 822/892
(92 %), 9 gaps (1 %)) and Purpureocillium lilacinum (GenBank
MH876802.1; Identities = 826/897 (92 %), 8 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Indigenous forest in Thailand; conidiogenous cells
and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory, BIOTEC, 113 Thailand Science Park,
Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; e-mail: jajen@biotec.or.th
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
290
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Neomyrmecridium asiaticum
291
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 806 – 14 December 2018
Neomyrmecridium asiaticum Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Asia, the continent where this fungus was
collected.
Classification — Myrmecridiaceae, Myrmecridiales, Sordariomycetes.
On SNA: Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched,
septate, 1.5 – 2 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores arising from
hyphal coils on creeping hyphae, solitary or in groups of up
to three, medium brown, smooth- and thick-walled, mostly
unbranched, 2 – 5-septate, 50 –100 × 3 – 5 µm. Conidiogenous
cells integrated, terminal, 5–35 × 4–7 µm, subcylindrical, apex
obtuse, covered in protruding denticles, 0.5 –1 × 1 µm, slightly
darkened. Conidia solitary, (2–)3-septate, pale brown, thin- and
smooth-walled, guttulate, surrounded by a wing-like gelatinous
sheath c. 0.5 µm thick, ellipsoid to obovoid, (13–)15–16(–17) ×
(4–)4.5(–5) µm, tapering in lower conical cell to truncate hilum,
1–1.5 µm diam, not thickened nor darkened.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with folded
surface, sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and
reverse saffron. On PDA surface luteous with patches of orange,
reverse amber. On OA surface luteous with diffuse amber pigment.
Notes — Neomyrmecridium asiaticum represents a new
species isolated from dead vines in Thailand, where it cooccurred with another new species, N. septatum. Neomyrmecridium septatum (conidia (1–)3-septate, (12 –)14 –16(– 20) ×
(3.5–)4(–5) µm) is similar to N. asiaticum based on its conidium
morphology, but the two species are phylogenetically distinct.
The ITS sequences of N. septatum and N. asiaticum are 89 %
(501/560 including 14 gaps) similar.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had
highest similarity to Neomyrmecridium sorbicola (GenBank
MH107901.1; Identities = 510/562 (91 %), 11 gaps (1 %)),
Myrmecridium phragmitis (GenBank NR_137782.1; Identities =
489/558 (88 %), 13 gaps (2 %)) and Ramichloridium schulzeri
(GenBank MH859088.1; Identities = 481/552 (87 %), 13 gaps
(2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Myrmecridium
sorbicola (GenBank MH107948.1; Identities = 826/842 (98 %),
2 gaps (0 %)), Myrmecridium schulzeri (GenBank MH473005.1;
Identities = 856/887 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Pleurophragmium acutum (GenBank MH876650.1; Identities = 853/886
(96 %), no gaps).
Typus. thaiLand, Ratchaburi Province, on leaves of unidentified vine,
2008, P.W. Crous, HPC 2252 (holotype CBS H-23774, culture ex-type CPC
34535 = CBS 145080, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047444.1 and
MK047494.1, MycoBank MB828195).
Colour illustrations. Agricultural farm in Thailand; colony sporulating on
nutrient poor agar, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory, BIOTEC, 113 Thailand Science Park,
Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; e-mail: jajen@biotec.or.th
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
292
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Neoeucasphaeria eucalypti
293
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 807 – 14 December 2018
Neoeucasphaeria Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects its morphological similarity to the genus Eucasphaeria.
Classification — Niessliaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, thick-walled, branched,
septate, hyphae, frequently encased in mucoid sheath. Conidiomata sporodochial, becoming aggregated with age, consisting of
a dense series of branches that each give rise to conidiogenous
cells. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, phialidic, flexuous, with visible periclinal thickening. Conidia aggregating in an orange mass, individually hyaline, smooth, guttulate,
ellipsoid, aseptate, straight, apex subobtuse, base truncate.
Type species. Neoeucasphaeria eucalypti Crous.
MycoBank MB828249.
Neoeucasphaeria eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, thick-walled, branched,
septate, 2 – 4 µm diam hyphae, frequently encased in mucoid
sheath. Conidiomata sporodochial, 30–100 µm diam, becoming
aggregated with age, consisting of a dense series of branches
that each give rise to 1– 6 conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous
cells hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, phialidic, flexuous, 8–15 ×
2 – 2.5 µm, with visible periclinal thickening. Conidia aggregating in an orange mass, individually hyaline, smooth, guttulate,
ellipsoid, aseptate, straight, apex subobtuse, base truncate,
(3 –)4(– 5) × (2–)2.5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, lacking
aerial mycelium and smooth (MEA, OA), to feathery (PDA)
margin, reaching 25 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA, surface and reverse orange.
Typus. auStraLia, Victoria, Arthurs Seat, on Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae),
23 Dec. 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC 1938 (holotype CBS H-23770, culture
ex-type CPC 33366 = CBS 145075, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MK047445.1 and MK047495.1, MycoBank MB828196).
Notes — Neoeucasphaeria eucalypti clusters basal to Eucasphaeria s.str., and is also distinct in having aseptate, ellipsoid
conidia. Eucasphaeria contains two species, characterised by
producing sporodochial conidiomata, hyaline, branched conidiophores, phialidic conidiogenous cells, and hyaline, 0–2-septate,
falcate conidia (Crous et al. 2016a).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Eucasphaeria rustici (GenBank KY173410.1; Identities = 534/542 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Eucasphaeria capensis
(GenBank NR_156204.1; Identities = 556/565 (98 %), 5 gaps
(0 %)) and Rosasphaeria moravica (GenBank NR_138377.1;
Identities = 545 / 566 (96 %), 9 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits
using the LSU sequence are Eucasphaeria rustici (GenBank
KY173501.1; Identities = 812/ 819 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)),
Eucasphaeria capensis (GenBank MH874625.1; Identities =
835/844 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Rosasphaeria moravica
(GenBank JF440985.1; Identities = 832/844 (99 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus forest in Australia; colony sporulating on
synthetic nutrient poor agar, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries - Forestry, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave,
Parramatta NSW 2150, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
294
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Polyphialoseptoria natalensis
295
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 808 – 14 December 2018
Polyphialoseptoria natalensis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the KwaZulu-Natal Province in South Africa,
where this fungus was collected.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata brown, erumpent, acervular on OA, globose, 200–
350 µm diam; wall of several layers of pale textura angularis.
Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous
cells hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, proliferating sympodially
at apex, 10 –15 × 2.5 – 3.5 µm, polyphialidic. Conidia hyaline,
smooth, guttulate, solitary, scolecosporous, irregularly curved,
apex subobtuse, base truncate, 3–8-septate, (40–)65–70(–80)
× 2(– 3) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA
surface saffron, reverse luteous. On PDA surface dirty white,
reverse umber. On OA surface saffron.
Typus. South africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Port Edward, Umtamuma N.R., on
leaves of unidentified plant host, Feb. 2010, J. Roux, HPC 1702 (holotype
CBS H-23771, culture ex-type CPC 33214 = CBS 145076, ITS, LSU, rpb2,
tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MK047446.1, MK047496.1, MK047545.1,
MK047565.1 and MK047581.1, MycoBank MB828197).
Notes — Polyphialoseptoria was established by Quaedvlieg
et al. (2013) to accommodate septoria-like species with pycnidial conidiomata, and conidiogenous cells with sympodial, and
polyphialidic proliferation. Polyphialoseptoria natalensis adds
a third species to the genus, which is phylogenetically distinct
from the other known taxa.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had
highest similarity to Polyphialoseptoria terminaliae (GenBank NR_156559.1; Identities = 509 /532 (96 %), 9 gaps
(1 %)), Polyphialoseptoria tabebuiae-serratifoliae (GenBank
NR_156558.1; Identities = 490/518 (95 %), 9 gaps (1 %)) and
Xenomycosphaerella diplazii (GenBank NR_154505.1; Identities = 476/538 (88 %), 29 gaps (5 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Polyphialoseptoria tabebuiae-serratifoliae
(GenBank KF251716.1; Identities = 810/821 (99 %), no gaps),
Polyphialoseptoria terminaliae (GenBank MH878128.1; Identities = 820/838 (98 %), 5 gaps (0 %)) and Hyalozasmidium
aerohyalinosporum (GenBank NG_059440.1; Identities = 811/
836 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence
are Polyphialoseptoria terminaliae (GenBank MF951615.1;
Identities = 664/736 (90 %), no gaps), Polyphialoseptoria tabebuiae-serratifoliae (GenBank MF951613.1; Identities = 593/666
(89 %), no gaps) and Deightonomyces daleae (GenBank
MF951485.1; Identities = 520/686 (76 %), 22 gaps (3 %)). No
significant hits were obtained when the tef1 sequence was
used in blastn and megablast searches. Only distant hits with
species of Mycosphaerellaceae were obtained when the tub2
sequence was used in blastn and megablast searches.
Colour illustrations. Forest in Port Edward, Umtamuma, South Africa;
symptomatic leaf, colony sporulating on oatmeal agar, conidiogenous cell
and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Jolanda Roux, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: jolanda.roux@up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
296
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Fumagopsis stellae
297
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 809 – 14 December 2018
Fumagopsis stellae Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. A fungus with star-shaped conidia, named for Stella Carnegie,
the star of the Carnegie family.
Classification — Chaetothyriaceae, Chaetothyriales, Eurotiomycetes.
Conidiomata sporodochial, slimy, solitary, erumpent, 100 – 200
µm diam, with dark brown, erect, flexuous, aseptate setae that
are thick-walled, up to 90 µm long, 3 – 5 µm diam. Mycelium
consisting of pale brown, smooth, septate, branched hyphae,
prominently constricted at septa, 2 – 3.5 µm diam, with several
cells becoming swollen and ellipsoid, 4 –7 µm diam. Conidiogenous cells integrated on hyphae, terminal and lateral, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, 8 – 20 × 3 – 3.5 µm, mono- to polyblastic. Conidia variable, solitary, hyaline, smooth-walled, starshaped, with 3 – 4 upright arms and one basal arm attached to
the conidiogenous cell; lateral arms 1– 3-septate, constricted
at septa, ends obtusely rounded, arms 20–40 × 3–5 µm; basal
arm 0(–1)-septate, subcylindrical, 10 – 30 × 3– 5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margin, reaching
7 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
and reverse fuscous black.
Typus. auStraLia, New South Wales, Kangaroo River State Forest, on
leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 23 Jan. 2010, A.J. Carnegie, HPC
1941 (holotype CBS H-23772, culture ex-type CPC 33216 = CBS 145078,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047447.1 and MK047497.1, MycoBank
MB828198).
Notes — When this fungus was initially observed on host
material, it had sporodochia with brown setae, giving rise to
star-shaped conidia. In culture, it formed sporodochia, but
very few brown setae were observed. Morphologically, it is
reminiscent of Vonarxia, having sporodochia with dispersed
brown setae, and star-shaped conidia (Crous et al. 2009), but
it is phylogenetically distinct, and based on its aseptate setae,
we choose to place it in Fumagopsis, a genus presently known
from two species, F. complexa (on Eugenia jambolana, India;
conidial lateral arms 55–70 × 2–2.8 µm; Wu & Sutton 1995) and
F. triglifioides (on Lucuma neriifolia, Argentina; conidial lateral
arms (12 –)20 – 24 × 2 – 2.5 µm; Van der Aa & Van Oorschot
1985). Although the three species are distinct based on their
conidium morphology, there are presently no molecular data
to compare them with F. stellatae.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Chaetothyrium brischoficola (GenBank NR_132849.1;
Identities = 523/575 (91 %), 28 gaps (4 %)), Exophiala eucalyptorum (GenBank MH863133.1; Identities = 508/573 (89 %),
22 gaps (3 %)) and Cladophialophora modesta (GenBank
MG757349.1; Identities = 343/388 (88 %), 12 gaps (3 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Exophiala eucalyptorum (GenBank KC455258.1; Identities = 821/862 (95 %),
4 gaps (0 %)), Aphanophora eugeniae (GenBank NG_056965.1;
Identities = 819/862 (95 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Ceramothyrium
linnaeae (GenBank MH874144.1; Identities = 816/861 (95 %),
1 gap (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus forest in Australia; star-shaped conidia,
and brown, unbranched seta. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries - Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
298
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Cymostachys thailandica
299
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 810 – 14 December 2018
Cymostachys thailandica Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Thailand, the country where this fungus was
collected.
Classification — Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, mostly in
clusters, thin-walled, cymosely branched, erect, straight to
flexuous, hyaline, 1– 2-septate, smooth to slightly verruculose,
50–120 × 4–5 µm, bearing a whorl of 3–6 conidiogenous cells.
Conidiogenous cells phialidic, clavate, olivaceous brown to dark
brown at the apex, paler towards the base, smooth to slightly
verruculose, 8 –12 × 4 – 6 µm, with conspicuous collarette.
Conidia acrogenous, aseptate, fabiform, dark brown, smooth
to verruculose, (8 –)9(–11) × (4 –)5(– 6) µm, rounded at ends,
aggregating in mucoid mass.
Culture characteristics — Colonies spreading, with folded
surface (MEA), sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 37 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA
surface pale olivaceous grey, reverse sienna. On PDA surface
and reverse olivaceous grey. On OA surface isabelline.
Typus. thaiLand, Ratchaburi Province, on leaves of unidentified vine,
2008, P.W. Crous, HPC 2252 (holotype CBS H-23773, culture ex-type CPC
34505 = CBS 145079, ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank
MK047448.1, MK047498.1, MK047546.1, MK047566.1 and MK047582.1,
MycoBank MB 828199).
Notes — Cymostachys was established for stachybotrys-like
fungi characterised by irregularly cymosely, branched conidiophores and olivaceous brown to dark brown, fabiform conidia.
Cymostachys thailandica is phylogenetically distinct, but related
to C. coffeicola, which is known from leaves of Coffea arabica
(Cuba), and Poinsettia sp. (Thailand) (Lombard et al. 2016).
The genus presently includes four species.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Cymostachys coffeicola (GenBank KU846052.1;
Identities = 562/569 (99 %), 5 gaps (0 %)), Cymostachys fabispora (GenBank KU846054.1; Identities = 541/548 (99 %), 5
gaps (0 %)) and Stachybotrys renispora (GenBank KU144929.1;
Identities = 543/551 (99 %), 6 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Cymostachys coffeicola (GenBank
MH872746.1; Identities = 889/895 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)),
Stachybotrys nephrospora (GenBank KP893314.1; Identities
= 887/892 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Memnoniella echinata
(GenBank MH866746.1; Identities = 877/895 (98 %), 3 gaps
(0 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest
similarity to Cymostachys coffeicola (GenBank KU846081.1;
Identities = 712/721 (99 %), no gaps), Cymostachys fabispora
(GenBank KU846082.1; Identities = 695/721 (96 %), no gaps)
and Striatibotrys eucylindrospora (GenBank KU846975.1;
Identities = 650/750 (89 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the
tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Cymostachys coffeicola
(GenBank KU846097.1; Identities = 455/476 (96 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)), Cymostachys fabispora (GenBank KU846098.1; Identities = 418/478 (87 %), 11 gaps (2 %)) and Striatibotrys rhabdospora (GenBank KU847089.1; Identities = 232/263 (88 %),
5 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest
similarity to Cymostachys coffeicola (GenBank KU846113.1;
Identities = 336/343 (98 %), no gaps), Cymostachys fabispora
(GenBank KU846114.1; Identities = 330/343 (96 %), 3 gaps
(0 %)) and Cymostachys garethjonesii (GenBank KY124126.1;
Identities = 274/286 (96 %), 3 gaps (1 %)).
Colour illustrations. Indigenous forest in Thailand; colony sporulating
on oatmeal agar, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory, BIOTEC, 113 Thailand Science Park,
Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; e-mail: jajen@biotec.or.th
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
300
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Fusculina eucalyptorum
301
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 811 – 14 December 2018
Fusculinaceae Crous, fam. nov.
Classification — Fusculinaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium predominantly internal, but external hyphae brown,
thick-walled, giving rise to chlamydospore-like cells. Conidiomata pycnidial, immersed, becoming slightly erumpent, brown,
opening by irregular rupture; wall consisting of several layers
of brown cells of textura angularis. Paraphyses intermingled
among conidiogenous cells, cylindrical, branched below, septate; at times becoming fertile. Conidiophores reduced to dimorphic conidiogenous cells. Primary conidiogenous cells
hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to subcylindrical, proliferating
several times percurrently near apex, giving rise to primary
conidia, hyaline to brown, smooth to verruculose, subcylindrical,
obovoid to semiclavate, aseptate or 1-septate, with or without
mucoid sheath. Secondary conidiogenous cells integrated
among primary conidiogenous cells, hyaline, smooth, proliferating sympodially. Secondary conidia hyaline, smooth, granular,
ellipsoid with rounded ends, or subcylindrical with obtuse apex
and truncate base.
Type genus. Fusculina Crous & Summerell.
MycoBank MB828200.
Note — The family Fusculinaceae presently includes Fusculina and Gordonomyces. Both genera are associated with leaf
spots, occurring on respectively Myrtaceae and Proteaceae.
Fusculina eucalyptorum Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Conidiomata solitary, erumpent, pycnidial, globose, brown,
200–250 µm diam, exuding a creamy conidial mass; wall of 6–8
layers of brown textura angularis. On OA paraphyses observed
among conidiophores, hyaline, smooth, septate, hyphae-like,
2 – 3 µm diam. On OA conidiomata are surrounded by chains
of chlamydospore-like cells, prominently constricted at septa,
hyaline to brown, 0–1-septate, up to 8 µm diam. Conidiophores
lining the inner cavity, subcylindrical, 15–25 × 4–5 µm, smooth,
hyaline, giving rise to 1–2 conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous
cells hyaline, smooth, terminal and intercalary, 7–15 × 3–4 µm,
proliferating percurrently. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, aseptate, fusoid, apex subobtuse, base truncate, 2 – 2.5
µm diam, (10 –)13 –15(–17) × (3.5–)4 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth,
lobate margin, reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA, PDA and OA surface dirty white, reverse buff to isabelline.
Notes — The monotypic genus Fusculina was established
for a fusicoccum-like genus occurring on leaf spots of Eucalyptus (Summerell et al. 2006). Fusculina eucalyptorum is distinct
from F. eucalypti (conidia 16 – 22 × 3 – 4 µm) by having smaller
conidia, and lacking secondary conidia and chlamydospores.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Fusculina eucalypti (GenBank NR_132812.1; Identities = 653/712 (92 %), 9 gaps (1 %)), Gordonomyces mucovaginatus (GenBank NR_157428.1; Identities = 447/501 (89 %),
22 gaps (4 %)) and Preussia minima (GenBank JX427054.1;
Identities = 380/471 (81 %), 21 gaps (4 %)). Closest hits
using the LSU sequence are Fusculina eucalypti (GenBank
DQ923531.1; Identities = 880/888 (99 %), no gaps), Gordonomyces mucovaginatus (GenBank NG_057941.1; Identities =
836/863 (97 %), 5 gaps (0 %)) and Murispora fagicola (GenBank
NG_060797.1; Identities = 824/895 (92 %), 12 gaps (1 %)).
Typus. auStraLia, New South Wales, Mount Grenfell Historic Site, on
leaves of Eucalyptus socialis (Myrtaceae), 24 Aug. 2015, B.A. Summerell,
HPC 2221 (holotype CBS H-23775, culture ex-type CPC 34407 = CBS
145083, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047449.1 and MK047499.1,
MycoBank MB828201).
Colour illustrations. Mount Grenfell, Australia; colony sporulating on synthetic nutrient poor agar, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney,
NSW 2000, Australia; e-mail: Brett.Summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
302
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Neodevriesia metrosideri
303
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 812 – 14 December 2018
Neodevriesia metrosideri Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Metrosideros, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Neodevriesiaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, septate, branched,
2 – 3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect, arising
from superficial hyphae, subcylindrical, pale brown, smoothwalled, 1– 4-septate, 8 – 30 × 2.5 – 3 µm. Conidiogenous cells
terminal, integrated, subcylindrical, pale brown, smooth, 5 – 8
× 2.5 – 3 µm; loci inconspicuous, truncate, sympodial, 1–1.5
µm diam, not thickened nor darkened. Conidia occurring in
branched chains, pale to medium brown, smooth-walled, guttulate, subcylindrical, 1– 4-septate; ramoconidia 10 –15 × 2–3
µm; conidia (10 –)12 –15(–17) × 2– 3 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies spreading, with moderate
aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 12 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface and
reverse olivaceous grey.
Typus. new ZeaLand, Great Barrier Island, on Metrosideros sp. (Myrtaceae), 31 Aug. 2017, R. Thangavel, T17_03062B (holotype CBS H-23776,
culture ex-type CPC 34458 = CBS 145084, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047450.1 and MK047500.1, MycoBank MB828202).
Notes — The genus Neodevriesia (Quaedvlieg et al. 2014)
which presently includes approximately 20 species, is discussed
elsewhere in this paper. Neodevriesia metrosideri is phylogenetically distinct from all species in the genus. An interesting aspect of this species is the prominent difference between young
and mature conidia, where young conidial chains are slender
and pale olivaceous, and older chains are wider, prominently
constricted at septa, and darker brown.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Neodevriesia lagerstroemiae (GenBank GU214634.1;
Identities = 544/558 (97 %), 4 gaps (0 %)), Devriesia fraserae (as
Devriesia fraseriae, GenBank NR_144961.1; Identities = 533/
559 (95 %), 9 gaps (1 %)) and Devriesia sardiniae (GenBank
KP791766.1; Identities = 529/555 (95 %), 4 gaps (1 %)). Closest
hits using the LSU sequence are Neodevriesia lagerstroemiae
(GenBank KF902149.1; Identities = 738/746 (99 %), no gaps),
Neodevriesia knoxdaviesii (as Teratosphaeria knoxdaviesii,
GenBank EU707865.1; Identities = 831/843 (99 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)) and Neodevriesia cladophorae (as Devriesia sp. MW2016a, GenBank KU578114.1; Identities = 825 /839 (98 %),
no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Metrosideros sp. growing in New Zealand; conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095,
Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: thangavel.raja@mpi.govt.nz
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
304
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Gnomoniopsis rosae
305
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 813 – 14 December 2018
Gnomoniopsis rosae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Rosa, the host genus from which this fungus
was isolated.
Classification — Glomerellaceae, Glomerellales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata erumpent, globose, brown, 200 – 400 µm diam,
acervular, opening by irregular rupture, exuding a creamy conidial mass; wall of 6–8 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, 0–2-septate,
subcylindrical, branched at base or not, 10 – 20 × 3 – 4 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal and intercalary, hyaline,
smooth, subcylindrical with apical taper, 6 –13 × 2.5 – 3.5 µm;
phialidic with prominent periclinal thickening. Conidia solitary,
aseptate, fusoid, straight, hyaline, smooth-walled, guttulate,
apex subobtuse, base truncate, 1 µm diam, (9 –)10 –12(–13)
× (3–)3.5(– 4) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margin, covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA and PDA surface greyish
sepia, reverse umber. On OA surface ochreous centre, greyish
sepia in outer region.
Typus. new ZeaLand, Auckland, Auckland Botanical Garden, on Rosa
sp. (Rosaceae), 30 Aug. 2017, R. Thangavel, T17-03040A (holotype CBS
H-23777, culture ex-type CPC 34440 = CBS 145085, ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences GenBank MK047451.1, MK047501.1 and MK047547.1, MycoBank
MB828203).
Notes — Gnomoniopsis represents a genus of mostly hostspecific fungi (Sogonov et al. 2008, Walker et al. 2010). Gnomoniopsis rosae is phylogenetically distinct from the species
presently known from DNA. Unfortunately, only the asexual
morph was found, making comparisons with older literature
difficult.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Cryptosporella umbrina (GenBank MH855393.1;
Identities = 618/620 (99 %), no gaps), Discula quercina (GenBank GQ452265.1; Identities = 574/623 (92 %), 30 gaps (4 %))
and Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi (GenBank KY930638.1; Identities = 572/623 (92 %), 32 gaps (5 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi (GenBank
MH877030.1; Identities = 898/898 (100 %), no gaps), Cryptosporella umbrina (GenBank MH866843.1; Identities = 895/896
(99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Gnomoniopsis idaeicola (GenBank
MH875092.1; Identities = 893/895 (99 %), no gaps). Closest
hits using the rpb2 sequence are Gnomoniopsis paraclavulata (GenBank EU219248.1; Identities = 692/758 (91 %), no
gaps), Discula campestris (GenBank EU199143.1; Identities
= 692/758 (91 %), no gaps) and Gnomoniopsis clavulata (GenBank EU219251.1; Identities = 689/758 (91 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Rosa sp. growing in New Zealand; colony sporulating on oatmeal agar, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095,
Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: thangavel.raja@mpi.govt.nz
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
306
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Neocelosporium eucalypti
307
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 814 – 14 December 2018
Neocelosporiales Crous, ord. nov.
MycoBank MB828204.
Neocelosporiaceae Crous, fam. nov.
Classification — Neocelosporiaceae, Neocelosporiales,
Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium spreading, enclosed in mucus, consisting of medium
to dark brown, verruculose hyphae; cells become constricted
at septa, swollen, disarticulating, forming conidial propagules,
0–1-septate, ellipsoid, or hyphae forming cellular clumps with
endoconidia. Primary conidia hyaline to brown, thin- to thickwalled, 0–3-septate, giving rise to secondary conidia via microcyclic conidiation. Ascomata globose, solitary to gregarious; wall
of several layers of brown, thick-walled textura angularis. Asci
8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, subcylindrical to clavate with
ocular chamber. Pseudoparaphyses hyphae-like, anastomosting, branched, septate. Ascospores biseriate, ellipsoid to fusoid,
brown, 3–4-septate, constricted at septa, smooth-walled, with
mucilaginous sheath.
Type genus. Neocelosporium Crous.
MycoBank MB828205.
Note — The order Neocelosporiales presently includes three
genera, Neocelosporium, Celosporium and Muellerites.
Neocelosporium Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects its morphological similarity to the genus Celosporium.
Mycelium spreading, enclosed in mucus, consisting of medium
to dark brown, verruculose, hyphae; cells become constricted
at septa, swollen, disarticulating, forming conidial propagules,
0 –1-septate, ellipsoid. Primary conidia brown, thick-walled,
giving rise to secondary conidia via microcyclic conidiation,
ellipsoid, hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, apex obtuse, base
truncate, forming on primary conidia or hyphal cells, becoming
brown and thick-walled and swollen with age.
Type species. Neocelosporium eucalypti Crous.
MycoBank MB828206.
Neocelosporium eucalypti Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Mycelium spreading, enclosed in mucus, medium to dark brown,
verruculose, consisting of 4 – 5 µm diam hyphae; cells become
constricted at septa, swollen, disarticulating, forming conidial
propagules, 0–1-septate, ellipsoid, 5–10 µm diam. Primary conidia brown, thick-walled, giving rise to secondary conidia via
microcyclic conidiation, ellipsoid, hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, apex obtuse, base truncate, forming on primary conidia or
hyphal cells, 5–12 × 3–5 µm, becoming brown and thick-walled
and swollen with age.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with folded surface, sparse aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate
margin, reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA surface and reverse leaden black.
Typus. auStraLia, New South Wales, Mildura, Mungo National Park, on
Eucalyptus cyanophylla (Myrtaceae), 27 Aug. 2015, B.A. Summerell, HPC
2224 (holotype CBS H-23778, culture ex-type CPC 34468 = CBS 145086,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047452.1 and MK047502.1, MycoBank
MB828207).
Notes — Neocelosporium eucalypti clusters with Muellerites
juniperi (CBS 339.73) and Celosporium laricicola (Tsuneda et
al. 2010). Neocelosporium is morphologically distinct, in that it
has hyaline conidia that primarily arise on the surface of hyphae
(clumps with a limited number of large, brown endoconidia are
observed), whereas Celosporium is characterised by dematiaceous hyphae forming clumps with numerous hyaline to brown
endoconidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, only distant hits were obtained using the ITS sequence, including Celosporium larixicola (GenBank FJ997287.1;
Identities = 498/544 (92 %), 11 gaps (2 %)), Gonatobotryum apiculatum (GenBank MH859103.1; Identities = 531/597 (89 %),
21 gaps (3 %)) and Scleroconidioma sphagnicola (GenBank
DQ182416.1; Identities = 511/578 (88 %), 19 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Celosporium larixicola
(GenBank FJ997288.1; Identities = 789/816 (97 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)), Muellerites juniperi (GenBank MH877745.1; Identities
= 817/846 (97 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and Dothiora europaea (GenBank MH872143.1; Identities = 843/883 (95 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Mildura, Mungo National Park, Australia; brown hyhae
constricted at septa, colony on potato dextrose agar, and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney,
NSW 2000, Australia; e-mail: Brett.Summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
308
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Rachicladosporium corymbiae
309
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 815 – 14 December 2018
Rachicladosporium corymbiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Corymbia, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Cladosporiaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Ascomata formed on PNA in vitro. Ascomata brown, globose,
70 – 90 µm diam, with central ostiole; wall of 3 – 4 layers of
brown, flattened textura angularis. Asci bitunicate, sessile,
fasciculate, obovoid with minute ocular chamber, 1–2 µm diam,
20 – 25 × 7–10 µm. Pseudoparaphyses absent. Ascospores
multiseriate, hyaline, smooth, fusoid-ellipsoid, widest in middle
of apical cell, constricted at septum, guttulate, 9 –10 × 3 µm.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth, septate, branched,
2 – 3 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect, subcylindrical, medium brown, unbranched, smooth to verruculose,
10 – 30 × 3 – 4 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated,
brown, finely verruculose, subcylindrical, 10 – 20 × 3 – 4 µm;
proliferating sympodially with 1–3 apical loci, darkened, thickened, 1.5 – 2 µm diam. Conidia occurring in branched chains,
subcylindrical, tapering at both ends, 0–1-septate, verruculose
to warty, brown; ramoconidia (9–)10–15 × 2.5–3.5 µm; conidia
(8 –)9 –10(–12) × 2(– 2.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
25 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and reverse
olivaceous grey. On PDA and OA surface and reverse iron-grey.
Notes — Isolations were made from single germinating
ascospores with an irregular mode of germination. Both the
sexual and asexual morph formed in culture. In vivo ascomata
were associated with Teratosphaeria spp., co-occurring on leaf
spots. Rachicladosporium includes species associated with leaf
spots that have a cladosporium-like morphology, but distinct
in that conidiophores have an apical rachis, and conidia have
slightly thickened hila (Crous et al. 2007a). Rachicladosporium
eucalypti has a sexual mycosphaerella-like morph (Crous et al.
2014b), similar to that of R. corymbiae.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Rachicladosporium eucalypti (GenBank NR_155718.1;
Identities = 544/574 (95 %), 6 gaps (1 %)), Rachicladosporium
pini (GenBank JF951145.1; Identities = 544/574 (95 %), 5 gaps
(0 %)) and Rachicladosporium luculiae (GenBank MH863123.1;
Identities = 539/576 (94 %), 7 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Rachicladosporium luculiae (GenBank
EU040237.1; Identities = 844/847 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Rachicladosporium pini (GenBank MH876826.1; Identities = 843/847
(99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Rachicladosporium paucitum (GenBank KF309988.1; Identities = 759/763 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. Ghana, on leaf spots of Corymbia citriodora (Myrtaceae), 21 June
2010, M.J. Wingfield, HPC 2172 (holotype CBS H-23779, culture ex-type
CPC 34021 = CBS 145087, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047453.1
and MK047503.1, MycoBank MB828208).
Colour illustrations. Mixed forest in Ghana; symptomatic leaf, ascomata
forming on pine needle agar, pseudothecium, asci, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars: ascoma = 100 µm, all others = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria,
Pretoria 0002, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
310
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Neofitzroyomyces nerii
311
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 816 – 14 December 2018
Neofitzroyomyces Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name relfects its morphological similarity to the genus Fitzroyomyces.
Classification — Stictidaceae, Ostropales, Lecanoromycetes.
Conidiomata solitary, becoming aggregated, globose, hyaline to
subhyaline, eustromatic, pycnidial; ostiole central; wall of several
layers of hyaline to subhyaline textura angularis. Conidiophores
hyaline, lining the inner cavity, subcylindrical, unbranched, sep-
tate, each giving rise to a cluster of up to 6 conidiogenous cells.
Conidiogenous cells subcylindrical, terminal, hyaline, smooth,
proliferating sympodially with several flat-tipped apical loci, not
thickened nor darkened. Conidia solitary, aggregating in mucoid
droplet, hyaline, smooth, flexuous, acicular, apex subobtuse,
base truncate, septate, septoria-like in appearance.
Type species. Neofitzroyomyces nerii Crous.
MycoBank MB828209.
Neofitzroyomyces nerii Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Nerium, the host genus from which this fungus
was isolated.
Conidiomata solitary, becoming aggregated, globose, hyaline
to subhyaline, eustromatic, pycnidial, 80–150 µm diam; ostiole
20 – 30 µm diam; wall of 5 – 8 layers of hyaline to subhyaline
textura angularis. Conidiophores hyaline, lining the inner cavity, subcylindrical, unbranched, 0 –1-septate, 5 –7 × 2 – 3 µm,
each giving rise to a cluster of up to 6 conidiogenous cells.
Conidiogenous cells subcylindrical, terminal, hyaline, smooth,
5 –10 × 2 – 3 µm, proliferating sympodially with several flattipped apical loci, 0.5 –1 µm diam, not thickened nor darkened.
Conidia solitary, aggregating in mucoid droplet, hyaline, smooth,
flexuous, acicular, apex subobtuse, base truncate, 3–6-septate,
septoria-like in appearance, (25 –) 40 – 65(– 80) × (1.5 –)2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
folded surface, sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 25 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA, surface and reverse ochreous.
Typus. france, Mazan, associated with leaf spots on Nerium oleander
(Apocynaceae), 20 July 2017, P.W. Crous, HPC 2191 (holotype CBS
H-23780, culture ex-type CPC 33883 = CBS 145088, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MK047454.1 and MK047504.1, MycoBank MB828210).
Notes — Neofitzroyomyces is phylogenetically closely related to the monotypic genus Fitzroyomyces, which was established for a septoria-like fungus occurring on leaves of Cyperaceae in Australia (Crous et al. 2017b). Neofitzroyomyces differs
from Fitzroyomyces in that it has well-defined conidiophores,
and conidiogenous cells that proliferate sympodially, with several flat-tipped apical loci.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Fitzroyomyces cyperi (GenBank NR_156387.1;
Identities = 419/466 (90 %), 13 gaps (3 %)), Carestiella socia
(GenBank AY661682.1; Identities = 381/437 (87 %), 22 gaps
(5 %)) and Phacidiella eucalypti (GenBank MH863073.1; Identities = 465/ 544 (85 %), 24 gaps (4 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Phacidiella podocarpi (GenBank
NG_058118.1; Identities = 761/803 (95 %), 5 gaps (0 %)), Conotrema populorum (GenBank AY340542.1; Identities = 785/831
(94 %), 7 gaps (0 %)) and Phacidiella eucalypti (GenBank
EF110617.1; Identities = 781/829 (94 %), 4 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Nerium oleander with leaf spots in Mazan, France;
conidiomata sporulating on potato dextrose agar, section through ascoma
showing pale brown wall, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars:
conidioma = 150 µm, all others = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
312
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Corynespora thailandica
313
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 817 – 14 December 2018
Corynespora thailandica Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Thailand, the country where this fungus was
collected.
Classification — Corynesporascaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of brown, finely roughened, branched,
septate, 3 – 4 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect,
flexuous, subcylindrical, unbranched, brown, thick-walled, finely
roughened, base swollen, up to 12 µm diam, conidiophores
extremely long in culture, 5–6 µm diam, multi-septate. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, monotretic, subcylindrical,
brown, finely roughened, slightly darkened at apex, 3 – 4 µm
diam, 25–30(–60) × 5–6 µm. Conidia obclavate, mostly solitary,
thick-walled, brown, finely roughened, 4–8-distoseptate, (50–)
80 –110(– 200) × (9 –)10 –12(–13) µm; hila darkened, thickened, 3 – 4 µm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and feathery, lobate margin, reaching
10 mm diam on PDA, 60 mm diam on OA and MEA after 2 wk at
25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface olivaceous grey, reverse
iron-grey.
Typus. thaiLand, Nakhon Nayok Province, Wang Takhrai, on wood in
forest, 2008, P.W. Crous, HPC 2143 (holotype CBS H-23781, culture extype CPC 33935 = CBS 145089, ITS, LSU and tef1 sequences GenBank
MK047455.1, MK047505.1 and MK047567.1, MycoBank MB828211).
Notes — The genus Corynespora is polyphyletic (Voglmayr
& Jaklitsch 2017). Species occur on a range of substrates,
varying from leaves to twigs, with several being regarded as
serious plant pathogens. Based on the species treated by Ellis
(1971, 1976), and those known from DNA sequence data, the
present collection appears to represent a new taxon, described
here as Corynespora thailandica.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Corynespora cassiicola (GenBank FJ852592.1;
Identities = 537/557 (96 %), 6 gaps (1 %)), Corynespora smithii
(GenBank KY984300.1; Identities = 536/558 (96 %), 9 gaps
(1 %)) and Corynespora torulosa (GenBank NR_145181.1; Identities = 530/556 (95 %), 6 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the LSU
sequence are Corynespora cassiicola (GenBank MH869486.1;
Identities = 840/847 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Corynespora torulosa (GenBank NG_058866.1; Identities = 839/847 (99 %),
2 gaps (0 %)) and Corynespora smithii (GenBank KY984299.1;
Identities = 839/847 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using
the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Corynespora smithii
(GenBank KY984436.1; Identities = 396/464 (85 %), 19 gaps
(4 %)), Pyrenochaeta nobilis (GenBank MF795880.1; Identities
= 289/348 (83 %), 27 gaps (7 %)) and Neocucurbitaria acerina
(GenBank MF795856.1; Identities = 286/347 (82 %), 17 gaps
(4 %)).
Colour illustrations. Indigenous forest in Thailand; conidiogenous cells
and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory, BIOTEC, 113 Thailand Science Park,
Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; e-mail: jajen@biotec.or.th
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
314
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Teratosphaeria gracilis
315
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 818 – 14 December 2018
Teratosphaeria gracilis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus gracilis, the host species from
which this fungus was isolated.
Classification — Teratosphaeriaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Associated with insect damage on leaves. Conidiomata immersed, globose, dark brown, pycnidial, 90 –120 µm diam,
with central ostiole; wall of 6 – 8 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining
the inner cavity. Conidiogenous cells brown, finely roughened,
doliiform, 5 – 9 × 5 –7 µm, proliferating percurrently at apex.
Conidia solitary, fusoid to subcylindrical, apex subobtuse, base
truncate, 2 – 4 µm diam, with minute marginal frill, 0(–1)-septate, guttulate, brown, finely roughened, (12 –)15 – 20(– 25) ×
(3.5 –)4 – 5(– 6) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA
surface grey, reverse olivaceous grey. On PDA surface smoke
grey, reverse olivaceous grey. On OA surface isabelline with
patches of olivaceous grey.
Typus. auStraLia, New South Wales, Mildura, Mungo National Park, on
Eucalyptus gracilis (Myrtaceae), 27 Aug. 2015, B.A. Summerell, HPC 2225
(holotype CBS H-23783, culture ex-type CPC 34393 = CBS 145090, ITS,
LSU, actA, cmdA, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MK047456.1,
MK047506.1, MK047523.1, MK047529.1, MK047548.1, MK047568.1 and
MK047583.1, MycoBank MB828212).
Notes — Numerous species of Teratosphaeria are associated with Teratosphaeria leaf disease (TLD) of Eucalyptus
and the closely related genus Corymbia (Hunter et al. 2011).
Teratosphaeria was recently treated by Quaedvlieg et al. (2014),
resulting in the majority of the species occurring on eucalypts
now being known from their DNA data. Teratosphaeria gracilis
appears to represent yet another phylogenetically distinct species in the complex.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Teratosphaeria miniata (GenBank MH863451.1;
Identities = 485/501 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Teratosphaeria biformis (GenBank MH863387.1; Identities = 485/501 (97 %),
2 gaps (0 %)) and Teratosphaeria molleriana (GenBank
MH862864.1; Identities = 485/501 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Teratosphaeria stellenboschiana (GenBank MH874553.1; Identities = 879/882 (99 %),
no gaps), Teratosphaeria gauchensis (GenBank EU019290.1;
Identities = 871/874 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Teratosphaeria
zuluensis (GenBank MH874640.1; Identities = 878/882 (99 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the actA sequence had highest
similarity to Teratosphaeria destructans (GenBank KF903447.1;
Identities = 506/539 (94 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Teratosphaeria
viscida (GenBank KF903563.1; Identities = 505/539 (94 %), 2
gaps (0 %)) and Teratosphaeria eucalypti (GenBank KF903452.1;
Identities = 505/540 (94 %), 3 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the
cmdA sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria blakelyi
(GenBank KF902704.1; Identities = 371/411 (90 %), 10 gaps
(2 %)), Teratosphaeria majorizuluensis (GenBank KF902733.1;
Identities = 363/402 (90 %), 8 gaps (1 %)) and Teratosphaeria gauchensis (GenBank KF902727.1; Identities = 394/446
(88 %), 18 gaps (4 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence
had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria molleriana (GenBank
KX348104.1; Identities = 775/868 (89 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Teratosphaeria stellenboschiana (GenBank MF951743.1; Identities =
783/883 (89 %), no gaps) and Teratosphaeria gauchensis (GenBank KX348103.1; Identities = 783/883 (89 %), no gaps). Closest
hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria miniata (GenBank KF903323.1; Identities = 305/357
(85 %), 15 gaps (4 %)), Teratosphaeria juvenalis (GenBank
KF903318.1; Identities = 307/361 (85 %), 22 gaps (6 %)) and
Teratosphaeria mareebensis (GenBank KF903320.1; Identities
= 302/359 (84 %), 13 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using the tub2
sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria destructans
(GenBank KT343568.1; Identities = 517/603 (86 %), 19 gaps
(3 %)), Teratosphaeria nubilosa (GenBank AY725599.1; Identities = 517/604 (86 %), 24 gaps (3 %)) and Teratosphaeria
zuluensis (as Coniothyrium zuluense, GenBank AY244389.1;
Identities = 362/403 (90 %), 12 gaps (2 %)).
Colour illustrations. Mungo National Park, Australia; colony sporulating
on oatmeal agar, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Brett A. Summerell, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney,
NSW 2000, Australia; e-mail: Brett.Summerell@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
316
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Neophaeomoniella corymbiae
317
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 819 – 14 December 2018
Neophaeomoniella corymbiae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Corymbia, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Phaeomoniellaceae, Phaeomoniellales,
Eurotiomycetes.
Coelomycetous morph: Conidiomata pycnidial, olivaceous
brown, globose, 100 – 200 µm diam with central ostiole. Conidiophores lining inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, branched, 0 –1septate, subcylindrical, 5–10 × 1.5–2 µm. Conidiogenous cells
similar to those on hyphae. Hyphomycetous morph: Mycelium
consisting of hyaline, smooth, 2–3 µm diam hyphae, branched,
septate, encased in mucoid sheath. Conidiophores solitary,
erect, subcylindrical, 1– 2-septate, branched or not, 5 –15 ×
2–2.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical
to cymbiform, 5–7 × 2–2.5 µm, phialidic. Conidia aseptate, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical to ellipsoid, apex obtuse, tapering at
basal region to a truncate hilum, 0.5 µm diam, (3 –)3.5 – 4(– 5)
× 1.5– 2(– 2.5) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, slimy,
lacking aerial mycelium, surface folded, with smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 25 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA surface and reverse pale luteous.
Typus. auStraLia, New South Wales, Dyraaba, Dyraaba plantation, on
leaves of Corymbia citriodora (Myrtaceae), 14 Mar. 2015, A.J. Carnegie, HPC
2027 (holotype CBS H-23784, culture ex-type CPC 33273 = CBS 145092,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047457.1 and MK047507.1, MycoBank
MB828213).
Notes — The Phaeomoniella generic complex is commonly
associated with brown wood streaking (Crous & Gams 2000,
Halleen et al. 2007). Taxa in this complex have a hyphomycetous and yeast morph, with a coelomycetous synasexual morph.
Neophaeomoniella (based on N. eucalypti) is a genus closely
related to Phaeomoniella (Crous et al. 2015b), which has three
species, isolated as endophytes from leaves and pine needles.
Neophaeomoniella corymbiae was isolated from thyrothecial
ascomata on leaves, although the sexual link is unconfirmed.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had
highest similarity to Neophaeomoniella eucalypti (GenBank
NR_138001.1; Identities = 581/607 (96 %), 9 gaps (1 %)),
Neophaeomoniella niveniae (as Phaeomoniella niveniae, GenBank JQ044435.1; Identities = 550/579 (95 %), 10 gaps (1 %))
and Neophaeomoniella zymoides (GenBank KR909194.1;
Identities = 568/601 (95 %), 9 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Neophaeomoniella niveniae (as Phaeomoniella niveniae, GenBank JQ044454.1; Identities = 838/851
(98 %), no gaps), Neophaeomoniella eucalypti (GenBank
NG_058174.1; Identities = 804/818 (98 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and
Neophaeomoniella zymoides (GenBank MH874535.1; Identities
= 832/851 (98 %), 3 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Corymbia citriodora, Dyraaba plantation, Australia;
colony sporulating on oatmeal agar, conidioma, conidiogenous cells and
conidia. Scale bars: conidioma = 200 µm, all others = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries - Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
318
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Neophaeomoniella eucalyptigena
319
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 820 – 14 December 2018
Neophaeomoniella eucalyptigena Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Phaeomoniellaceae, Phaeomoniellales,
Eurotiomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, globose, brown, erumpent, 150–300 µm
diam, exuding a creamy conidial mass. Conidiophores lining
the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, 0 –1-septate,
branched or not, 5 –10 × 2 – 2.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical to ampulliform, hyaline,
smooth, phialidic, 4 – 6 × 2 – 2.5 µm. Conidia solitary, hyaline,
smooth, aseptate, subcylindrical, apex obtuse, tapering in lower
region to truncate hilum, 0.5 µm diam, (3.5 –)4 – 4.5(– 5) ×
1.5 – 2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, lacking
aerial mycelium, surface folded, with smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
and reverse pale luteous. On PDA surface and reverse grey
olivaceous in centre, cream in outer region. On OA surface
cream to dirty white.
Typus. auStraLia, New South Wales, Coffs Harbour, Pine Creek State
Forest, on leaf litter of Eucalyptus pilularis (Myrtaceae), Jan. 2015, A.J. Carnegie, HPC 2036 (holotype CBS H-23785, culture ex-type CPC 33358 = CBS
145093, ITS, LSU, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MK047458.1,
MK047508.1, MK047569.1 and MK047584.1, MycoBank MB828214).
Notes — Neophaeomoniella eucalyptigena is closely related to N. corymbiae, with both species being isolated from
eucalypt leaves. Morphologically, they are very similar, and
best distinguished based on their DNA data (579/607 (95 %)
similar, including 10 gaps).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Neophaeomoniella niveniae (as Phaeomoniella niveniae, GenBank JQ044435.1; Identities = 554/580 (96 %), 10 gaps
(1 %)), Neophaeomoniella eucalypti (GenBank NR_138001.1;
Identities = 577/607 (95 %), 9 gaps (1 %)) and Neophaeomoniella zymoides (GenBank KR909194.1; Identities = 574/604
(95 %), 13 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are
Neophaeomoniella niveniae (as Phaeomoniella niveniae, GenBank JQ044454.1; Identities = 852/863 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)),
Neophaeomoniella eucalypti (GenBank NG_058174.1; Identities = 807/818 (99 %), no gaps) and Neophaeomoniella zymoides (GenBank MH874535.1; Identities = 847/863 (98 %),
4 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence had
highest similarity to Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (GenBank
KP213113.1; Identities = 197/209 (94 %), no gaps) and Pseudophaeomoniella oleae (GenBank KP635968.1; Identities =
191/205 (93 %), no gaps). No significant hits were obtained
when the tub2 sequence was used in blastn and megablast
searches.
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus pilularis, Pine Creek State Forest, Australia; colony sporulating on oatmeal agar, conidiogenous cells and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@westerdijkinstitute.nl & e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries - Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, NSW 2124, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
320
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Absidia terrestris
321
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 821 – 14 December 2018
Absidia terrestris Rosas de Paz, Dania García, Guarro, Cano & Stchigel, sp. nov.
Etymology. Referring to the substrate from which the fungus was recovered (soil).
Classification — Cunninghamellaceae, Mucorales, Mucoromycotina.
Hyphae hyaline to brownish, coenocytic, smooth- and thickwalled, 5 –12.5 mm wide, with a septum at the branching
site, usually filled with orange oil droplets and presenting
more or less abundant solitary or catenulate ovoid swellings,
7.5 –12.5 mm wide. Stolons hyaline to brownish, 5 –14 mm
wide. Rhizoids well developed, hyaline, originating along the
stolon but never in the same place where sporangiophores
arise. Sporangiophores hyaline to brownish, erect to slightly
curved, smooth- and thick-walled, 25 – 215 × 2.5 – 5 mm, with
a single septum below the sporangium and occasionally with
an extra septum at the base when sporangiophores are short,
arising along and terminally on the stolons and never grouped
in whorls, swellings occasionally seen. Sporangia hyaline to
brownish due to the mass of sporangiospores, pyriform, multispored, smooth-walled, apophysate, 17.5 – 27.5 × 17.5 – 22.5
mm. Apophysis funnel-shaped, smooth-walled, 12.5 –17.5 ×
7.5 –12.5 mm. Columellae globose, smooth-walled, showing
a short collarette, sometimes with a wall projection, 5 –7.5
mm diam. Sporangiospores hyaline when solitary, brownish in
mass when mature, smooth-walled, cylindrical, 4–5 × 2–4 mm.
Chlamydospores absent. Zygospores not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on MEA initially white,
soon becoming greyish brown (M.6E3; Kornerup & Wanscher
1978), covering the diameter of the Petri dish (90 mm) in 7 d
at 25 °C, reaching 10 mm height in some points; initially white,
then becoming brownish grey (M.8F3). Minimum and maximum
temperature of growth 15 and 27 °C, respectively.
ties 379/463 (82 %), 34 gaps 7 %)). The closest hits using the
LSU sequence was A. cylindrospora var. cylindrospora (GenBank JN206588.1; Identities 620/657 (94 %), 5 gaps (0 %)).
In a similar search using the CBS database (Crous et al. 2004),
the closest hits using the LSU sequence of the isolate FMR
14989 were A. spinosa var. spinosa (CBS 106.08, Identities
308/406 (75.68 %), 9 gaps (2.2 %)), and A. repens (FSU 939,
Identities 543/575 (94.43 %), 1 gap (0 %)). While using the ITS
sequence the closest hits were A. cylindrospora var. cylindrospora (CBS 100.08, Identities 470/548 (86 %), 18 gaps (3 %)),
and A. pseudocylindrospora (CBS 100.62, Identities 236/262
(90 %), 10 gaps (3 %)). Our phylogenetic tree, built using the
LSU sequences, corroborated that our fungus represents a new
species of the genus Absidia, A. cylindrospora var. cylindrospora being phylogenetically the most closely related species.
Absidia terrestris differs from A. cylindrospora var. cylindrospora
in its lower growth rate on MEA at 25 °C and in the absence
of growth at 30 °C (A. cylindrospora var. cylindrospora grows
up to 34 °C), the sporangiophores not arranged in whorls, the
absence of chlamydospores and the presence of both apical
and basal septa in the shorter sporangiophores.
KT308170.1 Absidia caatinguensis URM 7156
JN206589.1 Absidia cylindrospora var. nigra CBS 127.68T
91 /1
100 /1
JN206591.1 Absidia pseudocylindrospora CBS 100.62T
JN206592.1 Absidia spinosa var biappendiculata CBS 187.64T
84 / 1
KR030056.1 Absidia koreana EML IFS45.1
JN206588.1 Absidia cylindrospora var. cylindrospora CBS 100.08
99 / 1
Absidia terrestris sp. nov. FMR 14989T
100 / 1
Absidia terrestris sp. nov. FMR 15024
95 / 1
HM849706.1 Absidia repens CBS 115583T
73 / 1
JN206587.1 Absidia psychrophilia CBS 172.68T
HM849707.1 Absidia fusca CBS 102.35T
91 / 1
100 / 1
HM849705.1 Absidia glauca CBS 101.08T
JN206581.1 Absidia glauca CBS 100.48
99 / 1
JN206586.1 Chlamydoabsidia padenii CBS 172.67T
T
100 / 1 JN206583.1 Absidia californica CBS 126.68
100 / 1
73 / 0.94
JN206582.1 Absidia californica CBS 314.78
HM849704.1 Absidia macrospora CBS 697.68T
JN206584.1 Absidia caerulea CBS 102.28
Additional material examined. Mexico, Mexico DF, Delegación Gustavo
A. Madero, ‘Los Cocodrilos’ Public Park (19.475391– 99.116705), from soil
sample, 26 Aug. 2015, E. Rosas de Paz, living culture FMR 15024, ITS and
LSU sequences GenBank LT795004 and LT795006).
Colour illustrations. ‘Corpus Christi’ Public Park; colony on PDA, sporangiophore, columellae, sporangiospores. Scale bars = 15 µm, with the
exception of the sporangiospores (= 5 µm).
JN206590.1 Absidia spinosa var. spinosa CBS 106.08
94 / 1
Typus. Mexico, Mexico DF, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, ‘Corpus
Christi’ Public Park (19.467385–99.120635), from soil sample, 26 Aug. 2015,
E. Rosas de Paz (holotype CBS H-23789, ex-type living culture FMR 14989,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank LT795003 and LT795005, MycoBank
MB828081).
Notes — This fungus was isolated from a soil sample collected in Mexico DF. Morphologically, Absidia terrestris resembles
the species of Absidia s.str. with cylindrical sporangiospores
(Hoffmann et al. 2007), i.e., Absidia anomala, A. cylindrospora
var. cylindrospora, A. pseudocylindrospora, A. psychrophilia, A.
repens and A. spinosa. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs
GenBank nucleotide database using the ITS sequence of the
isolate FMR 14989 (the ex-type strain), the closest hits are A. cylindrospora (GenBank AY944889.1; Identities 505/579 (87 %),
21 gaps (3 %)) and A. spinosa (GenBank AY944887.1; Identi-
JN206593.1 Absidia anomala CBS 125.68T
95 / 1
100 / 1
JN206585.1 Absidia caerulea CBS 101.28
HM849703.1 Absidia caerulea CBS 104.08
JN206596.1 Halteromyces radiatus CBS 162.75T
99 / 1
JN206594.1 Absidia cylindrospora var. rhizomorpha CBS 153.63T
99 / 1
JN206595.1 Absidia heterospora CBS 101.29T
T
100 / 1 JN206580.1 Absidia cuneospora CBS 101.59
JN206579.1 Absidia cuneospora CBS.102.59
92 / 1
HM849693.1 Cunninghamella vesiculosa CBS 989.96T
100 /1
96 / 1
83 /0.98
HM849696.1 Cunninghamella clavata CBS 100178T
HM849697.1 Cunninghamella phaeospora CBS 692.68NT
JN206605.1 Cunninghamella homothallica CBS 168.53T
0.050
Maximum likelihood (ML) tree obtained from the LSU sequence
dataset of our isolates and sequences retrieved from GenBank.
Fully supported branches (100 % ML bootstrap / 1.0 Bayesian posterior probability) are thickened. The novel species is
indicated in bold face. The alignment was performed by using
MEGA v. 6.06 (Tamura et al. 2013), and the tree was built by
using MEGA v. 6.06 and MrBayes v. 3.2.4 (Huelsenbeck &
Ronquist 2001). Ex-type strains of the different species are
indicated with T or NT.
Emmanuel Rosas de Paz, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21,
43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain; Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Microbiology Department, ENCB-IPN,
Prolongación Manuel Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Miguel Hidalgo, Santo Tomás, 11350 Ciudad de México, D.F., México;
e-mail: emmrodepaz@gmail.com
Dania García, Josep Guarro, José F. Cano-Lira & Alberto M. Stchigel, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV,
Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain;
e-mail: dania.garcias@urv.cat, josep.guarro@urv.cat, jose.cano@urv.cat & albertomiguel.stchigel@urv.cat
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
322
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Amanita paludosa
323
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 822 – 14 December 2018
Amanita paludosa Bulyonk., Filippova & O.V. Morozova, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet paludosa (boggy) refers to the preferred habitat
of the species.
Classification — Amanitaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Cap 40 – 65 mm diam, planoconvex, obtusely umbonate, light
brownish grey; surface glabrous, almost dry, ingrown-fibrillose
under lens; margin very distinctly sulcate up to 5 mm with paler
context showing between ribs. Lamellae subcrowded, off-white
with light yellow-brown fimbriate edge concolorous with stipe
apex, ventricose up to ± 7 mm, free. Universal veil fragments
absent or present as a few small scattered greyish patches
and warts. Stipe 70 – 90 × 10 –17 mm, tapering upwards, with
a broad rounded base but not bulbous; context white, firm,
fistulose; surface light grey-brown and pruinose near apex, with
paler zebroid fibrils below, in the lower third bearing fragments
of volval material. Volva friable, up to 2 mm thick, brownish
grey, appearing as wart-like floccules appressed to the stipe
surface or partially or completely remaining bound to the substrate. Pileipellis: suprapellis an ixocutis of thin, filamentous
hyaline hyphae in a gelatinous matrix; subpellis hyphae with
yellow-grey intracellular pigment, some slightly constricted at
septa, some forked, (2.9 –)3.2 –7.2(– 8) µm (av. 5.4 µm) thick;
vascular hyphae not plentiful, irregular, aseptate, present in all
layers, 2 –12 µm thick. Lamella trama bilateral. Mediostratum
of well-inflated elements, filamentous hyphae scarce. Lateral
stratum of inflated intercalary elements, appearing pseudoparenchymatous near lamellar base, closer to margin becoming
mostly broadly ellipsoid and broadly fusiform, some branched
and irregular-shaped, solitary and in chains of 2 or 3. Subhymenium near lamellar base virtually pseudoparenchymatous,
of thin-walled, well-inflated elements, transitioning into the
similarly well-inflated mediostratum; closer to the edge more
structured, appearing as 2 or 3 layers of inflated, subglobose,
angular or irregular (‘jigsaw-puzzle’-like) elements. Vascular
hyphae in lamella trama overall very rare, but common in the
subhymenial layer of the lamella margin, where they sometimes form tangled masses of branching filamentous hyphae
2.5 – 3.2 (– 3.5) µm wide. Inflated elements on the lamella
margin sphaeropedunculate, some utriform to broadly clavate,
some slightly thick-walled, with pale greyish yellow intracellular
pigment, 21.2 – 54.3 × 14.1– 32.5 µm (av. L = 31.6, W = 22.0).
Universal veil differentiated; outer layer dominated by sphaerocysts, some slightly collapsed, often in chains of 3 or 4, and
often with pale yellowish grey intracellular pigment, linked by
very thin, thin-walled, often collapsed, branching and forked
filamentous hyphae; filamentous hyphae more abundant in
the inner layer.
Typus. ruSSia, Novosibirsk district, vicinity of Novosibirsk Akademgorodok,
bogged hollow in mixed deciduous forest (Betula pendula, Populus tremula,
Salix spp.), N54°50'55.38" E83°07'52.90", 9 Sept. 2011, T. Bulyonkova
(holotype LE211974, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH100735 and
MH100732, MycoBank MB825171).
Additional materials examined. ruSSia, KhMAO-Yugra, Kondinskiy district, Kondinskiye Ozera nature park, treed fen (Betula spp.), 1 Aug. 2008,
T. Bulyonkova, LE311975; same location, 14 Aug. 2008, T. Bulyonkova,
LE311976.
Notes — Amanita paludosa is a rare ringless Amanita so
far known only from three collections along the Ob river basin,
spanning across several hundred kilometres. The closest and
most similar species is the European A. friabilis, mycorrhizal
with Alnus in wetland habitats (Tulloss 2018). Amanita paludosa
differs from A. friabilis by sparser and less fragmented velar
remnants on pileus surface and stipe base due to its more
differentiated veil structure with more abundant filamentous
elements; markedly rounder, subglobose spores; mycorrhizal
association with Betula; and a known distribution limited to
West Siberia. Despite the proximity of the two taxa on molecular
level, the significant differences in morphology, ecology, and
distribution validate separating A. paludosa as a new species.
A. paludosa MH100735, holotypus
0.99/92
A. paludosa MH100736
A. paludosa MH100737
1.0/90
A. friabilis UDB017912
A. friabilis KU248103
A. friabilis KU248104
A. groenlandica UDB00232
A. pseudovaginata KM658285
A. vaginata UDB001110
0.99/75
1.0/100
A. sichotensis KM658293
A. submembranacea KM658295
A. velosa GQ250409
A. pantherina HM240517
//
0.03
Colour illustrations. Top: treed transitional fen in Kondinskiye Ozera
nature park in Yugra; bottom: bogged forest hollow in deciduous forest near
Akademgorodok; inset: fruitbodies ex situ and in situ; detail of stipe base
with veil and lamella margins; spores, veil with inflated elements; (all from
holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (spores, veil).
Phylogenetic tree derived from Bayesian analysis based on
nrITS1-5.8S-ITS2 data. Analysis was performed under GTR
model, for 5 M generations, using MrBayes v. 3.2.1 (Ronquist
et al. 2012). The ML analysis was run in the RAxML server
(Stamatakis et al. 2008). Posterior probability (PP > 0.95) values from the Bayesian analysis followed by bootstrap support
values from the Maximum Likelihood (BS > 50 %) analysis are
added to the left of a node (PP/BS).
Tatiana M. Bulyonkova, A.P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems, 630090, 6 Lavrentieva pr., Novosibirsk, Russia;
e-mail: ressaure@gmail.com
Nina V. Filippova, Yugra State University 16, Chekhova st., 628012, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia;
e-mail: filippova.courlee.nina@gmail.com
Olga V. Morozova, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia;
e-mail: OMorozova@binran.ru
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
324
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Calonectria hemileiae
325
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 823 – 14 December 2018
Calonectria hemileiae S.S. Salcedo, A.A. Colmán, H.C. Evans & R.W. Barreto, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after its host, Hemileia vastatrix, the coffee leaf rust
fungus.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiophores erect, stipe bearing a penicillate arrangement
of fertile branches followed by an extension with a terminal
vesicle, smooth, hyaline. Stipe cylindrical, 120 – 220 × 3 – 8
μm; stipe extension cylindrical, straight to flexuous, 109 – 209
μm long, 2 – 4 μm wide at the apical septum, terminating in an
obpyriform to fusoid vesicle, 5–10 μm diam. Conidiogenous apparatus penicillate, 45–75 μm long × 45–100 μm wide; primary
branches, 8 – 27 × 3–6 μm, 0 –1-septate; secondary branches,
8 –18 × 3 –7 μm, aseptate; tertiary branches, 6 –14 × 3 – 5 μm,
aseptate. Conidiogenous cells phialidic formed in groups of 2–6
at apex of terminal branches, elongate-doliiform to reniform,
5–13 × 2–4 μm, aseptate, apex with minute periclinal thickening
and inconspicuous collarette. Macroconidia cylindrical, straight,
(35 –)40 – 45(– 48) × 3 – 5 μm (av. = 42 × 4 μm), rounded at
both ends, 1-septate, lacking a visible abscission scar, held in
parallel cylindrical clusters by colourless slime. Sexual morph
absent – only sterile perithecial-like structures formed in culture.
Mega- and microconidia not seen. Chlamydospores catenulate,
thick-walled, hyaline.
Culture characteristics — Fast growing (42 – 60 mm diam
on malt extract agar (MEA), synthetic nutrient poor agar (SNA)
and oatmeal agar (OA), after 7 d); low convex, margins entire,
aerial mycelium cottony, white, bay or salmon, blood or bay
reverse; sporulation sparse on MEA and OA and abundant
in SNA; infertile perithecia and chlamydospores arranged in
chains, produced throughout the medium and aggregating to
form microsclerotia in SNA.
MB828262).
Notes — Calonectria hemileiae is a new member of the
C. candelabra species complex (Alfenas et al. 2015, Lombard
et al. 2015a, Lopes et al. 2018) based both on morphological
characteristics and phylogenetic inference. The morphology of
C. hemileiae is similar to that of C. zuluensis and C. polizzii.
Nevertheless, it is clearly distinct from those taxa both in terms
of ecological niche (the sole species of Calonectria recorded as
a mycoparasite) and phylogenetically. Species of the C. candelabra complex are found worldwide, occurring on a range of
plant hosts. Morphologically, they are characterised by having
ellipsoidal to obpyriform vesicles, and 1-septate macroconidia
(Schoch et al. 1999, Crous 2002, Lombard et al. 2010).
Calonectria colombiensis CBS112220
1
Calonectria chinensis CBS112744
Calonectria pauciramosa CMW30823
1
Calonectria pauciramosa CMW5683
1
1
1
1
Calonectria zuluensis CBS125268
Calonectria zuluensis CMW9896
Calonectria polizzii CBS125270
1
Calonectria polizzii CBS125271
Calonectria hemileiae COAD 2544
0,9
1
Calonectria spathulata CBS555.92
1
1
Calonectria spathulata CBS112689
1 Calonectria colombiana CBS115127
Calonectria colombiana CBS115638
Typus. BraZiL, state of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, on pustules of
Hemileia vastatrix formed on leaves of Coffea arabica, 1 Sept. 2015, R.W.
Barreto (holotype VIC 47145, ex-type culture COAD 2544, tef1 sequences
GenBank MK006026, tub2 sequences GenBank MK037391, his3 sequences
GenBank MK006027 and cal sequences GenBank MK037392, MycoBank
1
Calonectria candelabra CMW31000
Calonectria candelabra CMW31001
Calonectria pseudoscoparia CBS125255
1
Calonectria pseudoscoparia CBS125257
0.02
Consensus tree obtained by Bayesian Inference using the
combined sequences of β-tubulin, translation elongation factor
1α, histone H3, and calmodulin gene regions of Calonectria
spp. The tree was rooted to C. chinensis (CBS 112744) and
C. colombiensis (CBS 112220). Bayesian posterior probabilities are given at the nodes and the accession numbers are
presented together with the species names. Ex-type strain is
indicated in bold.
Colour illustrations. Secondary Atlantic rainforest overgrowing old coffee
plantation in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Calonectria hemileiae (ex-type COAD
2544); infertile perithecium, sporulating conidiophores giving rise to 1-septate macroconidia, Hemileia vastatrix urediniospore fascicle colonised by
Calonectria hemileiae. Conidiogenous apparatus with variation in vesicle
shape. Scale bars = 20 μm.
Sara S. Salcedo, Adans A. Colmán, A.L. da Silva & Robert W. Barreto, Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900,
Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; e-mail: taphrina10@gmail.com, adan-colman@hotmail.com & rbarreto@ufv.br
Harry C. Evans, CAB International, UK Centre, Egham, Surrey, UK; e-mail: h.evans@cabi.org
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
326
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Calvatia caatinguensis
Fungal Planet description sheets
327
Fungal Planet 824 – 14 December 2018
Calvatia caatinguensis R.L. Oliveira, R.J. Ferreira, B.D.B. Silva, M.P. Martín & Baseia,
sp. nov.
Etymology. Referring to the biome in which it was collected.
Classification — Agaricaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata growing solitary, 35 – 40 mm wide × 45 – 58 mm
high, pyriform to turbinate. Exoperidium slightly tomentose,
evanescent, greyish brown (7E3, Kornerup & Wanscher 1978),
at the base with sand encrusted at maturity. Mesoperidium
membranaceous, smooth, greyish yellow to brown (4B4 to 5F5)
at maturity. Endoperidium papyraceous externally, persistent
in the basal portion, olive brown to brown (4E3 to 5E4). Gleba
initially compact and white to yellowish white (4A1 to 4A2),
becoming lanose and powdery, brownish grey to dark brown
(5D2 to 9F4) at maturity. Subgleba well-developed, occupying
two thirds of the basidioma, when mature pale yellow at base
to dark brown going up (4A3 to 6F8), and presenting a different
colour band, yellowish white (4A2) at the apex of subgleba.
Rhizomorphs densely encrusted with sand, 2.5 – 6.2 µm diam,
regular walls ≤ 1.3 µm thick, curved, branched, septate, hyaline in 5 % KOH, and dextrinoid. Exoperidium composed for
hyphae, 2.7– 4.5 µm diam, with regular walls ≤ 0.7 µm thick,
straight, rarely branched and septate, hyaline in 5 % KOH and
not dextrinoid. Endoperidium with hyphae 2.8 – 5.1 µm diam,
with regular walls ≤ 1.16 µm thick, straight, branched, frequently
septate, pale brown in 5 % KOH, and dextrinoid; presence of
mycosclereids globose, subglobose, pyriform, triangular, ovoid,
ellipsoid or rectangular shape, present in the apical portion,
14.4 – 29.5 × 7.6 –17.8 µm, with regular walls ≤ 1.35 thick, and
straight. Subgleba with hyphae measuring 2.3 – 4.2 µm diam,
with regular walls ≤ 1.2 µm thick, curved, branched, septate,
hyaline in 5 % KOH, and dextrinoid. Paracapillitium absent.
Capillitium Calvatia-type, hyphae 2.7–4.5 µm diam with regular
walls ≤ 0.88 µm thick, straight, frequently branched, septate,
with small and numerous circular pits, hyaline in 5 % KOH,
dextrinoid. Basidiospores subglobose, equinulated, 5.4 –7.4
× 5.1– 6.7 µm [χ = 5.9 ± 0.5 × 5.6 ± 0.4; Qm = 1.06; n = 20],
pedicels present in some spores, ≤ 1.09 µm, hyaline in 5 %
KOH, dextrinoid and acyanophilic.
Habit & Habitat — Growing solitary or two basidiomata on
decaying leaves.
characters, it is closely related to some other Calvatia species,
such as C. crucibulum, C. cyathiformis, C. fragilis and C. lilacina.
Calvatia fragilis has a lycoperdon-type capillitium with numerous
small circular pits; however, C. fragilis does not have a subgleba or it is reduced, and basidiospores are smaller and finely
equinulated (Morgan 1890, Silveira 1943). Calvatia crucibulum,
a species reported only by Kreisel (1992, 1994), has similar
morphological characteristics, such as a capillitium with small
and numerous pits, woolly gleba, and fine exoperidium. However, in those publications the author does not describe some
macroscopic (subgleba) and microscopic structures (basidiospores), which makes a comparison difficult. In the present
study these two species are well separated by their ITS nrDNA
barcode sequences. Calvatia lilacina is another morphologically
similar species to C. caatinguensis, mainly based on the distinct
colour band at the apex of the subgleba; however, C. lilacina
has smaller basidiospores (3 – 5 μm), which are verrucose
to spinulose (Bottomley 1948). In recent decades, C. fragilis
and C. lilacina have been considered by some researchers as
synonyms of C. cyathiformis (Bottomley 1948, Zeller & Smith
1964, Liu 1984, Moyersoen & Demoulin 1996, Poumarat 2003,
Wartchow & Silva 2007), while others have considered C. lilacina as a synonym of C. fragilis (Kreisel 1992, 1994). Calvatia
cyathiformis is recognised by the violaceous gleba, pulverulent,
verrucose to echinate basidiospores, subgleba cellular and
well developed, capillitium long, branched and with numerous
circular pits (Dissing & Lange 1962, Zeller & Smith 1964). This
species has been reported in several parts of the world (Morgan
1890, Dissing & Lange 1962, Zeller & Smith 1964, Liu 1984,
Moyersoen & Demoulin 1996, Poumarat 2003), including Brazil
(Silveira 1943, Viégas 1945, Wartchow & Silva 2007). Calvatia
cyathiformis is characterised by a marked morphological variation in basidiospores and capillitium. However, C. caatinguensis has a distinct colour band at the apex of the subgleba, in
addition to a marked encrustation at the basal exoperidium
when mature, not observed in C. cyathiformis. Morphological
and molecular data (ITS nrDNA) provide strong support for
C. caatinguensis as a distinct species of Calvatia.
Typus. BraZiL, Rio Grande do Norte, João Câmara, Serra do Torreão, near
trail, soil, Feb. 2017, R.L. Oliveira (holotype UFRN fungos 2945, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MG871364 and MH988750, MycoBank MB824127).
Notes — Calvatia caatinguensis is a typical species in
section Hippoperdon. Based on morphological and molecular
Colour illustrations. Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte, João Câmara, Serra do
Torreão, where the specimens were collected; immature basidiome in situ
(UFRN-Fungi 2946); longitudinal section through mature basidiome (UFRNFungi 2945); mature basidiome in situ (UFRN-Fungi 2945); capillitium under
SEM (UFRN-Fungi 2266); basidiospores under SEM (UFRN-Fungi 2266).
Scale bars = 10 mm (basidiomata), 1 μm (basidiospores and capillitium).
Renan de L. Oliveira, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte,
Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 3000, 59072-970 Natal, RN, Brazil; e-mail: brazil_renan77@yahoo.com.br
Renato F. Juciano, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,
50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil; e-mail: renatojuciano@hotmail.com
Bianca D.B. Silva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Botânica,
40170115 Ondina, Salvador, BA, Brazil; e-mail: bianca.denise@ufba.br
María P. Martín, Department of Mycology, Real Jardín Botánico RJB-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es
Iuri G. Baseia, Departamento Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte,
Campus Universitário, 59072–970 Natal, RN, Brazil.; e-mail: baseia@cb.ufrn.br
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
328
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Carolinigaster bonitoi
329
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 825 – 14 December 2018
Carolinigaster M.E. Sm. & S. Cruz, gen. nov.
Etymology. The genus name Carolinigaster refers to North Carolina, the
region where this truffle was collected, and ‘gaster’ (Greek for ‘stomach’) in
reference to the fact that the spores of this truffle species are enclosed inside
of the fruiting body.
Classification — Boletaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetes.
Distinguished from other Boletaceae by a combination of the following characters: Basidiomata hypogeous to partially emergent,
sequestrate, globose to subglobose. Peridium not changing
colour when handled. Gleba loculate. Lacking a stipe or columella. Basidiospores statismosporic, globose to subglobose,
ornamented with short irregular warts at maturity, pink in water
and inamyloid but strongly dextrinoid, bleaching to almost hyaline in KOH. Clamp connections and hymenial cystidia absent.
Type species. Carolinigaster bonitoi M.E. Sm. & S. Cruz.
MycoBank MB827451.
Carolinigaster bonitoi M.E. Sm. & S. Cruz, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet bonitoi is given in reference to mycologist Gregory
Bonito – a truffle expert, North Carolina native, and co-collector of the type
specimen.
soil below the leaf litter, 21 Oct. 2009, G. Bonito & J. Trappe MES331 (holotype FLAS-F-62017, ITS, LSU and tef1 sequences GenBank MH747178,
MH747179 and MH753704, MycoBank MB827455).
Basidiomata hypogeous, globose to subglobose, 0.5 – 2 cm
diam, attached to the substrate by fine white rhizomorphs.
Peridium bright white to pinkish white, completely enclosing
the gleba when young but thinning and wearing away with age,
not changing colour when handled or bruised. Gleba loculate,
locules up to 0.5 mm diam but mostly 0.25 mm or smaller, light
pink when young but becoming pinkish brown to light brown in
mature specimens, rubbery when fresh. Lacking a columella
or sterile base. Odour indistinct, taste not recorded. Peridium
50 – 210 µm thick, hyaline, comprised of loosely interwoven
gelatinised hyphae mostly 5 µm diam, notably softer in 3 %
KOH than in water or Melzer’s, with occasional incorporated
rhizomorphs up to 10 µm diam and slightly dextrinoid. Basidia
40 – 55 × 10 –15 µm but narrowing to 5 µm at the base, fourspored, clavate to subcapitate and scattered. Sterigmata mostly
5 – 6.5 µm long and 0.5 –1 µm diam. Trama tissues appearing
gelatinised, especially when mounted in KOH. Basidioles numerous, hyaline, clavate or occasionally subcapitate, 30 – 45
× 8 –13 µm wide, narrowing to 3.5 – 4.5 µm at the base. Clamp
connections not observed. Cystidia not observed. Basidiospores statismosporic, 8.8 –11 × 5.9 – 8.4 µm (av. 9.7 × 7.3
µm), Q = 1.2–1.8 (mean Q = 1.35), globose to subglobose, pink
in water, inamyloid and strongly dextrinoid in Melzer’s reagent,
bleaching to almost hyaline in KOH, spore wall mostly 1 µm,
ornamented with triangular to rounded warts that are 0.5 –1.5
µm tall × 1– 2 µm wide at the base, with a hyaline perispore
that is always visible in young spores but is more difficult to
see in mature spores, often with a visible hilar appendage that
is approximately 0.5 µm diam and 1– 2 µm long.
Habitat & Distribution — Fruiting in the soil beneath the leaf
litter in mixed forests dominated primarily by Quercus, Fagus
and Pinus on silty-clay soil. Known only from Durham County
but likely present at appropriate sites across North Carolina’s
Piedmont region.
Additional specimen examined. uSa, North Carolina, Durham County,
Durham, Eno River State Park, c. 200 m a.s.l., in mixed pine and hardwood
forest, hypogeous in soil below the leaf litter, 16 Oct. 2009, M.E. Smith,
MES330, FLAS-F-62018.
Typus. uSa, North Carolina, Durham County, Durham, Duke University
Campus, c. 150 m a.s.l., in mixed pine and hardwood forest, hypogeous in
Colour illustrations. Mixed Fagaceae-dominated forest near in Durham,
North Carolina where Carolinigaster bonitoi was collected; section of hyaline
trama viewed in Melzer’s reagent (scale bar = 25 µm), basidiospores showing
strong dextrinoid responses when viewed in Melzer’s reagent (scale bar = 10
µm), fresh basidiomata (scale bar = 1 cm). All photos are of the holotype
MES331 (FLAS-F-62017).
Notes — Carolinigaster bonitoi is unique in having a hypogeous sequestrate fruiting habit, a bright white peridium that
does not stain when handled or bruised, and a loculate gleba
without a columella or sterile base that is light pink when young
but becomes pinkish brown to brown at maturity. It has lightly
ornamented spores covered by a perisporium. The spores are
pinkish in water and strongly dextrinoid in Melzer’s reagent but
bleach almost completely hyaline in 3 % KOH.
Carolinigaster bonitoi is related to species of Austroboletus,
Fistulinella, Veloporphyrellus and Mucilopilus in the Austroboletoideae. Mucilopilus castaneiceps forms a sister clade to
C. bonitoi but without support. Mucilopilus castaneiceps is a
Japanese epigeous bolete that is superficially quite different
from C. bonitoi but it actually shares some important features.
Both taxa have dextrinoid spores, both have hymenial surfaces
that are light when young but become dark pink or pinkish
brown at maturity, and both fruit in association with trees in the
Fagaceae (Takahashi 1988). The only other known truffle in the
Austroboletoideae is Solioccasus polychromus (Trappe et al.
2013, Wu et al. 2016). Solioccasus polychromus is a brightly
coloured tropical associate of Myrtaceae and Fabaceae that
has smooth ellipsoid spores and is known only from Australasia.
No other bolete truffle has all of the same morphological features
as C. bonitoi but the most similar taxon is Jimtrappea guyanensis (Smith et al. 2015). However, J. guyanensis is phylogenetically distant and has large, amyloid hymenial cystidia and
smooth fusoid spores that are not dextrinoid, and is restricted
to Dicymbe-dominated forests in Guyana.
Carolinigaster bonitoi is thus far known only from two collections
from mixed, Fagaceae-dominated forests in North Carolina,
USA. It is interesting that this species has not been found previously, particularly since Coker & Couch (1928) extensively
studied the gasteromycetes (including hypogeous sequestrate
species) of North Carolina. Coker & Couch (1928) recognized
26 species of ‘Hymenogasteraceae’ in their book but none of
the species they studied are similar to C. bonitoi.
For supplementary information see MycoBank.
Matthew E. Smith, Stephanie Cruz, Rosanne Healy & Marcos V. Caiafa, Department of Plant Pathology &
Florida Museum of Natural History, 2527 Fifield Hall, Gainesville FL 32611, USA;
e-mail: trufflesmith@ufl.edu, stephanie.scruz@ufl.edu, rhealy1@ufl.edu & marcos.caiafase@ufl.edu
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
330
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Cercospora solani-betacei
331
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 826 – 14 December 2018
Cercospora solani-betacei B.W. Ferreira & R.W. Barreto, sp. nov.
Etymology. Referring to the host, Solanum betaceum, from which it was
described.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Lesion on living leaves, starting as small necrotic dots, becoming sub-circular, to irregular, 5 –15 mm diam, brown, with dark
brown margins, coalescing and leading to extensive blight.
Internal mycelium indistinct. Stromata reduced to few angular
cells, 12–25 × 35–55 μm. Conidiophores predominantly hypophyllous, rarely epiphyllous, in fascicles of 5–22 conidiophores,
sub-cylindrical, geniculate, 100 –172 × 4 – 5 μm, 3 –7-septate,
unbranched, pale olivaceous brown, smooth. Conidiogenous
cells terminal, subcylindrical, sympodial, sub-hyaline, 15 – 65
× 3 – 5 μm. Conidiogenous loci conspicuous, 2 – 3 μm diam,
strongly thickened, darkened. Conidia obclavate to subcylindrical, straight to slightly curved, 47–130 × 3–5 μm, apex rounded
to subacute, base truncate, 3 –12-septate, guttulate, hyaline,
smooth.
Culture characteristics — Slow-growing (45 mm in PDA and
35 mm in PCA, after 15 d) at 25 °C. Colony sub-umbonate, edge
entire, aerial mycelium dense and felty, white; in PDA radially
sulcate. Reverse rosy buff with concentric haloes olivaceous.
Sporulation absent.
Notes — A Cercospora sp. has been reported on Cyphomandra betacea (= S. betaceum) in Malawi (Peregrine & Siddiqi
1972) and Zimbabwe (Whiteside 1966). Other records of Cercospora spp. on members of Solanum spp. are: Cercospora apii,
C. canescens, C. cyperacearum, C. lanugiflori, C. physalidis,
C. puyana, C. solanacea, C. solani, C. solanicola, C. solanigena
(Farr & Rossman 2018). The morphology of the Cercospora
on tree tomato was similar to that of species belonging to the
C. apii complex (Groenewald et al. 2013). A BLASTn search on
GenBank indicated a considerable similarity of C. solani-betacei
to other species belonging to Cercospora. A concatenated
phylogenetic tree was constructed with ITS, cmdA and actA
and, the combined result clearly supported S. betaceum as a
distinct species.
Koch’s postulates were performed and the pathogenicity of the
fungus to S. betaceum was demonstrated.
Typus. BraZiL, Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos, Dr. Sá Fortes, on living
leaves of Solanum betaceum (tree tomato), 10 June 2017, B.W. Ferreira
(holotype VIC 44319, ex-type culture COAD 2293, ITS, LSU, cmdA and actA
sequences GenBank MH223464, MH700245, MH428037 and MH445457,
MycoBank MB826812).
Cercospora solani CCTU 1043
1
Cercospora solani CCTU 1050
1
1
Cercospora aff. canescens CBS 111133
Cercospora aff. canescens CBS 111134
Cercospora cf. nicotianae CBS 131.32
1
Cercospora cf. nicotianae CBS 570.69
0.63
1
Cercospora cf. physalidis CBS 765.79
0.88
Cercospora apii CBS 110813
Cercospora apii CPC 5260
1
1
0.78
Cercospora asparagi AS16 01
Cercospora asparagi AS16 02
1
Cercospora beticola CBS 116454
Cercospora beticola CBS 116456
Cercospora capsici CBS 118712
1
0.72
0.96
1
Phylogenetic tree inferred from Bayesian analysis based on
concatenated sequences (ITS, cmdA and actA). The analysis
was performed with 10 million generations in MrBayes v. 3.1.1.
The Bayesian posterior probability values are indicated at the
nodes. The tree was rooted to Cercospora zeae-maydis. The
new species is highlighted in bold face.
Cercospora capsici CPC 12307
Cercospora armoraciae CBS 250.67
Cercospora armoraciae CBS 555.71
Cercospora solani-betacei COAD 2293
0.87
Cercospora zebrina CBS 112723
0.99
Cercospora zebrina CBS 112736
1
0.005
1
Cercospora violae CPC 5368
Cercospora violae CBS 251.67
Cercospora zeae-maydis CBS 117755
Colour illustrations. Solanum betaceum in subsistence orchard; leaf
spots on S. betaceum, Cercospora solani-betacei conidiophore fascicle and
conidia. Scale bars = 40 µm (conidiophores) and 10 µm (conidia).
Bruno W. Ferreira & Robert W. Barreto, Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa,
Viçosa, 36570-900, MG, Brazil;
e-mail: bruno.wesley@ufv.br & rbarreto@ufv.br
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
332
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Acaulium pannemaniae
333
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 827 – 14 December 2018
Acaulium pannemaniae Sandoval-Denis, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after Amina Panneman, who collected the sample.
This species was discovered during a Citizen Science project in the Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen naam’, describing novel
fungal species isolated from Dutch soils.
Classification — Microascaceae, Microascales, Sordariomycetes.
Colonies on OA at 25 °C attaining 18–24 mm in 14 d, ochreous
to buff coloured, flat, membranous with regular margins. On
PDA at 25 °C attaining 13–15 mm in 14 d, white to light buff, flat,
fluffy to dusty with membranous periphery and regular margins.
Vegetative hyphae septate, hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled.
Conidiophores mononematous, penicillate branched; irregularly
bi- to terverticillate, bearing groups of 2–4 conidiogenous cells,
rarely reduced to single conidiogenous cells borne laterally
on the aerial hyphae, hyaline to subhyaline, smooth-walled.
Conidiogenous cells percurrent, lageniform to ampulliform,
(11–)13.5 – 29(– 44) × 3 – 4.5 μm, 21.4 ± 7.5 × 3.9 ± 0.3 μm
long, broad at the widest part, tapering to a long cylindrical,
annellated zone, 1.5 – 2.5 μm wide, up to 23 μm long, annellations inconspicuous. Conidia bullet-shaped or broadly clavate,
(5.5 –)6.5 –10.5(–13) × (2.5 –)3 – 4(– 5), 8.6 ± 1.7 × 3.5 ± 0.4
μm, with a distinctive truncate base and rounded or slightly
pointed apex, subhyaline to pale brown in mass, smooth- or
finely roughened, thick-walled, arranged in long chains.
Notes — The genus Acaulium was recently reinstated and
segregated from Scopulariopsis (Sandoval-Denis et al. 2016).
Four species are currently accepted (Woudenberg et al. 2017).
Acaulium pannemaniae closely resembles Acaulium album.
However, the new species differ by producing mononematous
conidiophores only in contrast to the synnematous conidiophores of A. album. Acaulium pannemamiae also exhibits
much larger conidiogenous cells, often with exceptionally long
annellated necks which also contrast with all other known species of the genus.
Typus. the netherLandS, Gelderland, Kapel-Avezaath, from soil under
wooden chippings, 2017, A. Panneman (holotype CBS H-23741, culture extype CBS 145025 = JW79009; ITS, LSU, tef1 and tub sequences GenBank
LS999990, LS999991, LS999992 and LS999993, MycoBank MB827981).
Colour illustrations. Background, collection site; branched conidiophores,
conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Marcelo Sandoval-Denis, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State,
P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; e-mail: m.sandoval@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
334
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Gibellulopsis simonii
335
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 828 – 14 December 2018
Gibellulopsis simonii Giraldo López, sp. nov.
Etymology. simonii, refers to the name of the collector of the ex-type
strain, Simon van Stuijvenberg. This species was discovered during a Citizen
Science project in the Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen
naam’, describing novel fungal species isolated from Dutch soils.
Classification — Plectosphaerellaceae, Glomerellales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, smooth, hyaline and
thin-walled hyphae, up to 2 μm wide. Conidiophores simple or
poorly branched, hyaline, smooth-walled, up to 83 µm long.
Phialides lateral or terminal, subcylindrical to subulate, hyaline,
smooth, 17– 46 × 1.5 – 2 µm, with minute cylindrical collarette
and periclinal thickening at the conidiogenous locus. Conidia
cylindrical or ellipsoidal, sometimes with a slightly truncate base,
1-celled, hyaline, thin- and smooth-walled, 3.5 – 6 × 1.5 – 2 µm,
arranged in slimy heads. Chlamydospores lateral or intercalary,
single, with or without intermittent hyaline cells, subglobose or
clavate, brown, smooth- and thick-walled, 4 –7 × 3.5– 5.5 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA and PDA after 10 d
at c. 25 °C, reaching 25–27 and 28–29 mm diam, respectively,
flat, surface and reverse dark mouse grey to fuscous black, with
a pale mouse grey mycelium forming concentric rings.
Notes — Gibellulopsis species are commonly soil-borne
fungi, morphologically characterised by sparse branched conidiophores, ellipsoidal to cylindrical conidia and olive-brown
chlamydospores (Domsch et al. 2007). Batista & Maia (1959)
introduced the genus based on G. piscis, which was subsequently synonymised with Verticillium nigrescens (Zare et al.
2007). The genus was recently revised, and five species were
accepted. Gibellulopsis chrysanthemy (Hirooka et al. 2014) was
segregated from Gibellulopsis and accommodated elsewhere
(Giraldo & Crous 2019). Morphologically, G. simonii resembles
G. nigrescens in having lateral or intercalary subglobose chlamydospores. Gibellulopsis simonii, however, produces shorter
and less branched conidiophores than those of G. nigrescens
(up to 100 μm long), and is phylogenetically different from the
ex-type strain of that species.
CBS 892.70T Gibellulopsis piscis
95/1.0
Typus. the netherLandS, Gelderland, Meteren, isolated from soil, 2017,
coll. S. van Stuijvenberg, isol. A. Giraldo (holotype CBS H-23735, cultures
ex-type CBS 144923 = JW132008, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MK047467.1 and MK047517.1, MycoBank MB828025).
-/1.0
-/1.0
-/1.0
CBS 120008 Gibellulopsis piscis
CBS 117131T Gibellulopsis aquatica
CBS 113951T Gibellulopsis catenata
CBS 120949NT Gibellulopsis nigrescens
98/0.9
100/0.6
CBS 119666 Gibellulopsis nigrescens
CBS 560.65T Gibellulopsis fusca
100/1.0 97/1.0
CBS 308.38 Gibellulopsis fusca
CBS 144923T Gibellulopsis simonii
100/0.9
JW 132005 Gibellulopsis simonii
CBS 863.73T Acremonium stromaticum
100/1.0
CBS 135.74F Acremonium stromaticum
0.0080
Bayesian inference tree based on ITS sequences from Gibellulopsis species. RAxML v. 8.2.10 bootstrap values above
70 % and Bayesian posterior probabilities are shown at the
nodes. The tree was rooted to Acremonium stromaticum. The
new species described here is shown in bold face. T Ex-type,
NT
Ex-neotype.
Colour illustrations. Garden where the soil sample was collected; conidiophores, conidia and chlamydospores. Scale bars: = 10 µm (conidiophores
and conidia) and 5 µm (chlamydospores).
Alejandra Giraldo, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State,
P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute,
Phytopathology, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: a.giraldo@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Margarita Hernández-Restrepo, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute,
Phytopathology, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.hernandez @westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
336
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Fusicolla septimanifiniscientiae
337
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 829 – 14 December 2018
Fusicolla septimanifiniscientiae L. Lombard & Hern.-Restr., sp. nov.
Etymology. From Latin septimana- meaning week, fini- meaning the end
of, and scientiae- meaning science. Named after the ‘Weekend of Science’.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiophores initially as lateral phialides arising directly from
somatic hyphae, simple or rarely branched, monochasial or verticillate, straight, hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate or with basal
septum, up to 32 µm long. Conidiogenous cells monophialidic or
rarely polyphialidic, arising laterally from hyphae or in terminal
pairs, or verticils of three, cylindrical to subulate, 6 –16 × 3–4
µm, thin- and smooth-walled, hyaline with inconspicuous collarettes and periclinal thickening. Macroconidia falcate, more
or less straight, slightly narrowing towards the ends, apical
cell often hooked with a more or less pointed tip, basal cell
slightly pedicellate, (1–)3-septate, (19 –)25 – 29(– 34) × 3 – 4
µm (av. 27 × 3 µm), hyaline, thin- and smooth-walled. Microconidia absent. Chlamydospores single or in pairs, intercalary
or terminal, globose to obovoid, thick-walled and verruculose.
Sexual morph unknown.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA, MEA and PDA
at 25 °C attaining 25 – 30 mm in 7 d. On OA aerial mycelium
absent with slimy appearance due to abundant sporulation
on medium surface, buff to primrose, margin entire. On MEA
aerial mycelium absent with slimy appearance due to abundant
sporulation on medium surface, rosy buff to buff, reverse buff,
margin entire. On PDA aerial mycelium absent with slimy appearance due to abundant sporulation on medium surface, pale
luteous to buff, reverse pale luteous, margin entire.
Typus. the netherLandS, Utrecht Science Park, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, from soil in front of the bronze statue of Johanna Westerdijk,
Mar. 2017, M. Hernandez-Restrepo (holotype CBS H-23749, culture ex-type
CBS 144935); ITS, LSU, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MK069422,
MK069418, MK077808 and MK069408, MycoBank MB828215).
Notes — Fusarium s.lat. has recently been segregated into
several fusarium-like genera, one of which is Fusicolla (Lombard et al. 2015b, Guarnaccia et al. 2018). Fusicolla septimanifiniscientiae can be distinguished from other species in the
genus Fusicolla by the formation of polyphialidic conidiogenous
cells on the somatic hyphae (Gräfenhan et al. 2011). Based
on phylogenetic inference of the ITS sequences, F. septimanifiniscientiae is closely related to F. aquaeductuum, F. matuoi
and F. merismoides. However, F. septimanifiniscientiae mostly
produced 3-septate macroconidia ((19–)25–29(–34) × 3–4 µm
(av. 27 × 3 µm)), rarely 1-septate, which are smaller than the
3-septate macroconidia of F. aquaeductuum (30–55 × 2.5–3.5
µm; Gerlach & Nirenberg 1982), F. matuoi ((25 –)33 – 56 ×
(1.5 –)2 – 3 µm; Hosoya & Tubaki 2004) and F. merismoides
(26 – 48 × 3– 4.3 µm; Gerlach & Nirenberg 1982).
HM626625 Geejayessia celtidicola CBS 125502
MH855265 Fusicolla betae CBS 175.32
HQ897790 Fusicolla acetilerea BBA 63789
KM231824 Fusicolla violacea CBS 634.76
100
92
KX897140 Fusicolla melogrammae CBS 141092
50
MK069422 Fusicolla septimanifiniscientae CBS 144935
99
KM231822 Fusicolla matuoi CBS 581.78
Maximum likelihood phylogeny of Fusicolla inferred from ITS
sequences. The tree is rooted to Geejayessia celtidicola (CBS
125502). Analysis preformed online in CIPRES (www.phylo.
org) using RAxML BlackBox using the GTR+I+G nucleotide
substitution model. Branch support assessed using bootstrap
with replicates determined by the software.
99
KM231823 Fusicolla aquaeductuum CBS 837.85
99
AB586998 Fusicolla merismoides MAFF 236504
0.02
Colour illustrations. Background, collection site (grounds of the Westerdijk
Fungal Biodiversity Institute); conidiophores, mono- and polyphialidic conidiogenous cells, macroconidia and chlamydospores. Scale bars = 10 µm
Lorenzo Lombard & Margarita Hernández-Restrepo, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute,
P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: l.lombard@westerdijkinstitute.nl & m.hernandez@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
338
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Lasionectria hilhorstii
339
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 830 – 14 December 2018
Lasionectria hilhorstii L. Lombard, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for Tjidde Hilhorst, who collected the sample. This
species was discovered during a Citizen Science project in the Netherlands,
‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen naam’, describing novel fungal
species isolated from Dutch soils.
Classification — Bionectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Colonies on OA at 25 °C attaining 12 – 20 mm in 7 d, aerial
mycelium collapsed with abundant sporulation on the medium
surface forming vinaceous green to vinaceous black droplets of
conidial masses, margin undulate surrounded by a vinaceous
to greyish rose halo, surface vinaceous black, reverse isabelline in the centre becoming vinaceous towards the margins.
On MEA at 25 °C attaining 20 – 25 mm in 7 d, with moderate
aerial mycelium, felty with string folds into the medium, margin
undulate, surface olivaceous black in the centre due to abundant sporulation becoming brick to rosy vinaceous towards the
margin, surrounded by a vinaceous halo, reverse vinaceous to
rosy buff. Sexual morph not seen. Vegetative hyphae septate,
hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled, becoming slightly verrucose
with age, 1– 2.5 µm wide. Conidiophores erect, arising directly
from vegetative hyphae, simple or branched, straight, hyaline
and smooth-walled becoming slightly verrucose and subhyaline
with age, aseptate or with basal septum, up to 56 µm long.
Conidiogenous cells phialidic, arising laterally from hyphae or
in terminal pairs, or verticils of three, or small monopodially
branched tufts of up to four from conidiophores, monophialidic,
aseptate, elongate-ampulliform to subcylindrical, 13 – 24 µm
long, 1– 3 µm wide at the base, thin- and smooth-walled to
slightly verrucose, hyaline to subhyaline with inconspicuous
collarettes and periclinal thickening. Conidia unicellular, ovoid
to broadly ellipsoidal, 3 – 5 × 2 – 3 µm (av. 4 × 2 µm), subhyaline
to olivaceous green, thick- and smooth-walled, forming slimy
heads on the phialides. Chlamydospores not seen.
Notes — Lasionectria hilhorstii is morphologically reminiscent of Acremonium cereale (Gams 1971), but can be distinguished by the lack of flared collarettes and basal swelling of the
phialides. Additionally, megablast searches of NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide database using LSU sequences indicated that the
closest species were L. oenanthicola (GenBank KY607557.1;
Identities = 839/839 (100 %), no gaps), A. cereale (GenBank
MH877716.1; 839/840 (99 %), 1 gap) and L. mantuana (GenBank GQ505994.1; Identities = 838/839 (99 %), no gaps). The
closest hits using ITS sequences were L. oenanthicola (GenBank KY607542.1; 864/898 (96 %), 14 gaps (1 %)), A. persicinum (GenBank KM030294.1; 782/851 (92 %), 25 gaps
(2 %)) and Ijuhya dentifera (GenBank KY607540.1; 793/869
(91 %), 21 gaps (2 %)). The closest hits using act sequences
were Gliocladium sp. (GenBank KY608883.1; 606/650 (93 %),
7 gaps (1 %)), Clonostachys rosea (GenBank KP274072.1;
605/652 (93 %), 7 gaps (1 %)) and Alternaria hyacinthi (GenBank JQ671603.1; 604/653 (92 %), 7 gaps (1 %)). The closest
hits using rpb2 sequences were Septofusidium berolinense
(GenBank KM232417.1; 699/856 (82 %), 11 gaps (1 %)),
Heleococcum aurantiacum (GenBank JX158463.1; 701/861
(81 %), 11 gaps (1 %)) and Stromatonectria caraganae (GenBank HQ112290.1; 688/857 (80 %), 10 gaps (1 %)). The
closest hits using tef1 sequences were L. mantuana (GenBank
HM484844.1; 376/398 (94 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Neocosmospora
sp. (GenBank LT746219.1; 229/263 (87 %), 11 gaps (4 %)) and
Hydropisphaera sp. (GenBank HM484845.1; 232/268 (87 %),
13 gaps (4 %)).
Typus. the netherLandS, Gelderland, Eibergen, from soil, Mar. 2017, T. Hilhorst (holotype CBS H-23747, culture ex-type CBS 144938 = JW85024; ITS,
LSU, act and tef1 sequences GenBank MK069421, MK0269417, MK069414
and MK069411, MycoBank MB828216).
Colour illustrations. Background, collection site (backyard); conidiophores
and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Lorenzo Lombard, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: l.lombard@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
340
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Leptodiscella rintelii
341
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 831 – 14 December 2018
Leptodiscella rintelii Hern.-Restr., sp. nov.
Etymology. rintelii, refers to the name of the collector of the ex-type
strain, Marinus Rintel. This species was discovered during a Citizen Science
project in the Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen naam’,
describing novel fungal species isolated from Dutch soils.
Classification — Muyocopronaceae, Muyocopronales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium hyaline to pale brown composed of smooth-walled,
septate, 1– 2 µm wide hyphae. Conidiophores micro- to semimicronematous composed of one to many globose to irregular
cells, thin-walled, hyaline, smooth. Conidiogenous cells monoor polyblastic, lateral or terminal, subcylindrical, globose or
irregular, non-denticulate, hyaline, smooth, 3.5 – 6.5 × 3.5 – 5
µm. Conidia solitary, cylindrical, rounded at both ends or truncate base, hyaline, 1-septate, smooth, multi-guttulate, 8 –14.5
× 3 – 4 µm, with a simple, filamentous subterminal appendage
at each end, 2.5 – 6 μm long. Chlamydospores not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA and CMA after
1 wk at 25 °C, aerial mycelium lacking except in the centre,
where occasionally white tufts are observed, pale ochreous to
cinnamon with age, reverse concolourous.
Notes — Leptodiscella is an uncommon genus known mainly
from soil (Papendorf 1967, Matsushima 1975, Madrid et al.
2012) and dust (Udagawa & Toyazaki 1985). Leptodiscella
rintelii is more similar to L. africana in having hyaline, 1-septate
conidia and lacking chlamydospores (Papendorf 1967). However, L. rintelii can be distinguished from L. africana by having
shorter and wider conidia with shorter appendages (11–17.5 ×
2 – 3 µm, 6.5–13 µm long, in L. africana, Papendorf 1975).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence are L. brevicatenata (GenBank FR821312.1; Identities = 485/455 (96 %),
7 gaps (1 %)), L. chlamydospora (GenBank FR745398.1; Identities = 449/489 (92 %), 12 gaps (2 %)) and L. africana (GenBank NR_145359.1; Identities = 457/509 (90 %), 14 gaps (2 %)).
Typus. the netherLandS, Noord-Holland, Langedijk, Zuid-Scharwoude,
isolated from soil, 2017, M. Rintel (holotype CBS H-23742, cultures ex-type
CBS 144927 = JW174006, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank LR025180
and LR025181, MycoBank MB828022).
Colour illustrations. Garden where the soil sample was collected; conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Margarita Hernández-Restrepo, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.hernandez@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
342
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Parasarocladium debruynii
343
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 832 – 14 December 2018
Sarocladiaceae L. Lombard, fam. nov.
Classification — Sarocladiaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Vegetative hyphae septate, hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled.
Conidiophores erect, arising directly from vegetative hyphae,
simple or branched, straight, hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate
or with basal septum. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, arising
laterally from hyphae or in terminal pairs, or verticils of three,
or small monopodially branched tufts of up to four from conidiophores, monophialidic, aseptate, elongate-ampulliform to
subcylindrical, thin- and smooth-walled, hyaline with incon-
spicuous collarettes and periclinal thickening; adelophialides
and schizophialides present or absent. Conidia unicellular, ellipsoidal, bacilliform to fusiform, sometimes slightly curved, hyaline to subhyaline, thin- and smooth-walled, forming slimy heads
on the phialides or produced in chains.
Type genus. Sarocladium W. Gams & D. Hawksw.
MycoBank MB828245
Notes — The family Sarocladiaceae presently includes Parasarocladium and Sarocladium.
Parasarocladium debruynii L. Lombard, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for Remco de Bruyn, who collected the sample. This
species was discovered during a Citizen Science project in the Netherlands,
‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen naam’, describing novel fungal
species isolated from Dutch soils.
Colonies on OA at 25 °C attaining 45 – 55 mm in 7 d, salmon
due to abundant sporulation on medium surface giving a wet
and slimy appearance, effuse, with edge entire surrounded by a
light cyan blue halo; reverse salmon. On MEA at 25 °C attaining
38 – 50 mm in 7 d, rosy buff, effuse, with strong folds into the
medium with edge entire; reverse rosy buff. Vegetative hyphae
septate, hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled, 1–2.5 µm wide. Conidiophores erect, arising directly from vegetative hyphae, simple
or rarely branched, straight, hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate
or with basal septum, up to 75 µm long. Conidiogenous cells
phialidic, arising laterally from hyphae or in terminal pairs, or
verticils of three, or small monopodially branched tufts of up
to four from conidiophores, monophialidic, aseptate, elongateampulliform to subcylindrical, 13 – 27 µm long, 1– 3 µm wide at
the base, thin- and smooth-walled, hyaline with inconspicuous
collarettes and periclinal thickening. Conidia unicellular, ellipsoidal, bacilliform to fusiform, sometimes slightly curved, 3–5 ×
1– 2 µm (av. 4 × 2 µm), hyaline, thin- and smooth-walled, forming slimy heads on the phialides. Chlamydospores not seen.
Notes — The genus Parasarocladium was recently introduced by Summerbell et al. (2018) and included three species,
P. breve, P. gamsii and P. radiatum. Conidia of P. debruynii (3–5
× 1– 2 µm) are smooth-walled compared to the chromophilic
roughened conidia of P. breve (Gams 1971) and smaller than
those of P. gamsii ((4 –)5 –7(–12) × 0.5 –1 µm; Tichelaar 1972).
Furthermore, the phialides of P. debruynii lack any septation,
distinguishing it from P. radiatum (Gams 1971). Additionally,
ribosomal DNA sequences resolved P. debruynii as a distinct
lineage within the genus Parasarocladium.
Typus. the netherLandS, Utrecht, IJsselstein, from soil, Mar. 2017, R. de
Bruyn (holotype CBS H-23746, culture ex-type CBS 144942 = JW180016;
ITS, LSU, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MK069420, MK069416,
MK069410 and MK069407, MycoBank MB828217).
Colour illustrations. Background, collection site (backyard); conidiophores
and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Lorenzo Lombard, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: l.lombard@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
344
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Conioscypha boutwelliae
345
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 833 – 14 December 2018
Conioscypha boutwelliae Hern.-Restr., sp. nov.
Etymology. boutwelliae, refers to the name of the collector of the ex-type
strain, Katrina Boutwell. This species was discovered during a Citizen Science project in the Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen
naam’, describing novel fungal species isolated from Dutch soils.
Classification — Conioscyphaceae, Conioscyphales, Sordariomycetes.
Description on OA. Mycelium composed of septate, hyaline,
smooth, 1– 2.5(– 4) µm wide hyphae. Conidiophores reduced
to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, cupulate, endogenous, multilayer cup-like collarette after several percurrent enteroblastic tiny elongations, hyaline, smooth, 11.5 –
20.5 × 8–15 µm. Conidia solitary, unicellular, ellipsoidal, obovoid
or subglobose, base truncate with a central pore of 1–1.5 μm
diam, brown, pitted-wall, 10.5 – 21 × 8–13.5 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA after 1 wk at
25 °C, flat, spreading with scarce aerial mycelium, powdery,
shiny, black, margin effuse.
Notes — Conioscypha includes 13 species mainly isolated
as saprobes from submerged dead wood and leaves (Matsushima 1975, 1993, 1996, Shearer 1973, Crous et al. 2014a,
Zelski et al. 2015, Chuaseeharonnachai et al. 2017, HernándezRestrepo et al. 2017). Conioscypha boutwelliae is the first
species described from soil, besides C. varia that has been
reported from agricultural soil according to the CBS database.
Conioscypha boutwelliae is similar to C. japonica, C. lignicola
and C. pleiomorpha in having dark brown pitted conidia. However, they differ in shape and size, while in C. boutwelliae
conidia are wider (8 –13.5 μm) than in C. japonica (4.5 –10
μm) and C. pleiomorpha (6 – 9 μm), they are narrower than in
C. lignicola (11–12 μm).
Typus. the netherLandS, Zuid-Holland, Alphen aan den Rijn, isolated
from soil, 2017, K. Boutwell (holotype CBS H-23743, cultures ex-type CBS
144928 = JW203008, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank LR025182 and
LR025183, MycoBank MB828023).
Colour illustrations. Garden where the soil sample was collected; conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Margarita Hernández-Restrepo, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.hernandez@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
346
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Sarocladium dejongiae
347
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 834 – 14 December 2018
Sarocladium dejongiae L. Lombard, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for Astrid de Jong, who collected the sample. This
species was discovered during a Citizen Science project in the Netherlands,
‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen naam’, describing novel fungal
species isolated from Dutch soils.
Classification — Sarocladiaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Colonies on OA at 25 °C attaining 27– 32 mm in 14 d, pale
saffron to rosy buff, effuse, glabrous with undulate to lobate
margin. On PDA at 25 °C attaining 38 – 43 mm in 14 d, saffron to salmon, effuse, glabrous, with edge entire. Vegetative
hyphae septate, hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled, 1– 2.5 µm
wide. Conidiophores erect, arising directly from vegetative
hyphae or from ropes of hyphae, simple or rarely branched,
straight, hyaline, smooth-walled, up to 35 µm long. Phialides
subcylindrical, 17– 24 µm long, 1– 2 µm wide at the base,
thin- and smooth-walled, hyaline with inconspicuous periclinal
thickening; adelophialides and schizophialides not observed.
Conidia unicellular, cylindrical, ellipsoidal, ovoid to irregular, 3–5
× 1– 2 µm (av. 3 × 1.5 µm), hyaline, thin- and smooth-walled,
arranged in slimy heads. Chlamydospores rare, intercalarily,
smooth-walled, 5 µm diam.
Notes — Sarocladium dejongii is morphologically similar to
several species characterised by producing conidia in slimy
heads (Giraldo et al. 2015). However, this species is distinguished from all these species by the multiple conidial shapes
produced and the formation of intercalary chlamydospores.
Additionally, ribosomal DNA sequences resolved S. dejongiae
as a distinct lineage within the genus Sarocladium.
Typus. the netherLandS, Friesland, Jowert, from soil, Mar. 2017, A. de
Jong (holotype CBS H-23744, culture ex-type CBS 144929 = JW244007; ITS,
LSU, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MK069419, MK069415, MK069409
and MK069406, MycoBank MB828218).
Colour illustrations. Background, collection site (backyard); colonies on
OA and PDA, conidiophores with slimy heads, conidia and chlamydospores.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Lorenzo Lombard, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
e-mail: l.lombard@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
348
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Lectera nordwiniana
349
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 835 – 14 December 2018
Lectera nordwiniana Giraldo López, sp. nov.
Etymology. nordwiniana, refers to the school named ‘Nordwin College’
where the soil sample was collected by the students Dylan van der Pol,
Rémon Verf, Joost Wilks and Mathis de Ruiter. This species was discovered
during a Citizen Science project in the Netherlands, ‘Wereldfaam, een schimmel met je eigen naam’, describing novel fungal species isolated from Dutch
soils.
Classification — Plectosphaerellaceae, Glomerellales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, smooth, hyaline and
thin-walled hyphae, up to 2 μm wide. Conidiomata sporodochial,
punctiform, dark brown, solitary or gregarious, surrounded by
abundant setae. Setae dark brown, 3 – 8-septate, flexuous,
tapering to acutely rounded apices, thick- and smooth-walled,
intermingled among the conidiogenous cells, 78–193 × 3–5 μm.
Phialides subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth-walled, 13 – 24.5 μm
long, 1.5 – 2.5 μm wide at the base, with conspicuous periclinal
thickening at the conidiogenous locus. Conidia broadly fusiform,
acute ends, inequilateral, with inner plane flat, and outer plane
convex, 1-celled, hyaline, becoming orange in mass, thick- and
smooth-walled, 6 – 8 × 2– 3 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA after 14 d at
c. 25 °C, reaching 22 – 23 mm diam, elevated, slightly folded,
salmon, with brown punctiform sporodochia on the top.
Notes — Lectera was introduced based on the plant pathogen Lectera colletotrichoides as the type species, along with
L. longa (Cannon et al. 2012). Recently, three more species
have been added to the genus, i.e., Lectera capsica from
Capsicum annuum, L. phaseola from Phaseolus vulgaris and
L. humicola from soil (Crous et al. 2017a, Giraldo & Crous, in
prep.). Morphologically, L. nordwiniana resembles L. longa
and L. phaseola in the profuse production of flexuous setae in
artificial media. However, in L. nordwiniana these structures are
longer (up to 193 μm long) than those produced by the other
species (L. longa up to 111 μm long, L. phaseola up to 38 μm
long).
Typus. the netherLandS, Friesland, Leeuwarden, Nordwin College, from
soil, 2017, coll. D. van der Pol, R. Verf, J. Wilks & M. de Ruiter, isol. A. Giraldo (holotype CBS H-23736, cultures ex-type CBS 144921 = JW231009,
ITS, LSU, tef1-α and rpb2 sequences GenBank MK047461.1, MK047511.1,
MK047549.1 and MK047570.1, MycoBank MB828024).
Additional materials examined. the netherLandS, Friesland, Leeuwarden,
Nordwin College, from soil, 2017, coll. D. van der Pol, R. Verf, J. Wilks & M. de
Ruiter, isol. A. Giraldo, JW231013, ITS, LSU, tef1-α and rpb2 sequences
GenBank MK047462.1, MK047512.1, MK047550.1 and MK047571.1; Gelderland, Arnhem, from soil, 2017, coll. J. & L. Visser, isol. A. Giraldo, CBS 144922
= JW 46012, ITS, LSU, tef1-α and rpb2 sequences GenBank MK047463.1,
MK047513.1, MK047551.1 and MK047572.1.
Colour illustrations. Netherlands, Nordwin College where the soil sample
was collected; sporodochium, setae, conidiogenous cell and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Alejandra Giraldo, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State,
P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Phytopathology, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: a.giraldo@westerdijkinstitute.nl
Margarita Hernández-Restrepo, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Phytopathology,
P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.hernandez @westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
350
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Clathrus natalensis
351
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 836 – 14 December 2018
Clathrus natalensis G.S. Medeiros, Melanda, T.S. Cabral, B.D.B Silva & Baseia, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named in reference to the type locality, Natal City.
Classification — Clathraceae, Phallales, Phallomycetidae.
Immature basidiomata subglobose, 13–18 × 16–22 mm, greyish
white (12A1–12B1 KW) with a single and thick rhizomorph greyish white (12A1–12B1 KW). Expanded basidiomata obovate to
subglobose 46–95 × 24–71 mm. Arm meshes pentagonal to
hexagonal, rugose at the beginning of development, becoming
smooth afterwards, 32–90 × 20–70 mm, dull red to pinkish white
(8B3–8A2), transverse section of an arm shows 3–4 tubes
subglobose, elongated to piriform. Pseudostipe absent. Gleba
mucilaginous, in all inner part of arms, olive brown (KW 4F4),
with an unpleasant smell. Volva 50–140 × 10–40 mm, greyish
white (12A1–12B1 KW), with thick rhizomorph, greyish white
(12A1–12B1 KW). Basidiospores cylindrical, 4.6–5.6 × 1.9–2.7
µm (5.2 ± 0.4 × 2.3 ± 0.3 µm; Qm = 2.29; n = 30 spores), wall
≤ 0.7 µm, smooth, hyaline in KOH. Arms exhibiting subglobose
to globose and pyriform cells, 19.5–45.6 × 13–33.5 µm, wall
≤ 2.2 µm diam, hyaline. Volva composed of filamentous hyphae,
2.7–5.2 µm diam, wall ≤ 1.1 µm diam. Rhizomorph composed
of filamentous hyphae, 3.2–4.7 µm diam, wall ≤ 0.9 µm diam.
Typus. BraZiL, Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Centro de Biociências, on
soil with litter, 5 Apr. 2017, G.S. Medeiros (holotype UFRN-Fungos 2948,
isotype UFRN-Fungos 2947, paratype UFRN-Fungos 2946, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MH107232 and MH107235, MycoBank MB824737).
tubes in transverse section. This species presents similarities
with Clathrus cristatus with the colour of the arms and mesh
arrangement, but that presents basidiomata with crests along
the arm edges (Fazolino et al. 2010), a characteristic absent in
C. natalensis. In a BLASTn search, the ITS sequence obtained
in this study has 94 % similarity to Clathrus ruber (GenBank
GQ981501). However, C. ruber can easily be distinguished
by the bright red colour, smaller meshes, and the immature
basidiome marked by reticulations (Dring 1980). In the phylogenetic analysis, C. natalensis does not group with any species
available on GenBank; in fact, they are clearly morphologically
different. Clathrus columnatus and C. archeri show distinct receptacle arrangements, columnar in the first, and united arms
below with pointed tips initially attached in the latter (Bosc 1811,
Dring 1980); C. crysomycelinus and C. delicatus have white
basidiomata, the first differs by a glebifer attached at the junction of the arms, and the second by a smaller receptacle (up
to 25 mm high × 15 mm wide) and deep grooves in the outer
face of the arms (Möller 1895, Dring 1980) – characteristics
absent in C. natalensis. Thus, both morphological characters
and the phylogenetic analysis separate C. natalensis from the
already known species.
Notes — Clathrus natalensis was found in a remnant of
Atlantic rainforest at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande
do Norte (UFRN) and is characterised by robust basidiomata, a
pale red colouration, rugose arms at the beginning of development, becoming smooth afterwards, with the presence of 3 – 4
Pseudocolus garciae UFRN-Fungos 1522
Clathrus chrysomycelinus PDD75096
1
Clathrus archeri MA40987
1
1
Clathrus archeri MA63373
Clathrus delicatus KH-TH09-091
0.86
0.98
Clathrus sp. KH-JPN09-698
Clathrus columnatus LTP257
0.86
1
Clathrus columnatus LTP39
Clathrus natalensis UFRN-Fungos 2948
Lysurus arachnoideus TMI11622
0.03
Colour illustrations. Brazil, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do
Norte, Centro de Biociências, locality where the type species was collected;
basidiomata, transverse section of an arm showing the tubes, subglobose to
globose and pyriform cells on arm, smooth spores, and filamentous hyphae
in the rhizomorph. Scale bars = 20 mm (basidiomata), 2 mm (tubes), 10 µm
(cells on arm, spores and rhizomorph hyphae). All morphology photos from
the holotype UFRN-Fungos 2948.
Phylogenetic tree obtained with MrBayes v. 3.1.2. (Huelsenbeck
& Ronquist 2001) using ITS, nuc-LSU and atp6 (MK035869), under GTR+G (ITS/nucLSU) and HKY+G models (atp6), for 20 M
generations. The type specimen is marked with a rectangle.
Posterior probability values are indicated on the branches.
TreeBASE submission ID 22520.
Gleyce M. da Silva & Iuri G. Baseia, Departamento Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte,
Campus Universitário, 59072–970 Natal, RN, Brazil; e-mail: gleycemedeiros96@gmail.com & iuri.baseia@gmail.com
Bianca D.B. Silva, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia Salvador, Bahia, Brazil;
e-mail: biancadeni@yahoo.com.br
Gislaine C.S. Melanda, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife,
Pernambuco, Brazil; e-mail: gsmelanda@gmail.com
Tiara S. Cabral, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal,
Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; e-mail: ttiara@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
352
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Colletotrichum arboricola
353
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 837 – 14 December 2018
Colletotrichum arboricola M. Zapata, M.A. Palma & Piont., sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to being a tree inhabitant.
Classification — Glomerellaceae, Glomerellales, Sordariomycetes.
Sexual morph on Anthriscus stem (microscopic preparations in
60 % lactic acid, with 50 measurements per structure). Ascomata globose to pyriforme, glabrous to slightly pilose, medium
brown to uniformly darker. Peridium 8 –13 µm thick, composed
of brown flattened angular cells, 6 –14 µm diam. Ascogenous
hyphae hyaline, smooth-walled, delicate. Interascal tissue composed of fine paraphyses with scarce septa, more apparent in
immature perithecia, arranged in irregular masses of hyaline
filament with round tips, 35 – 85 × 1– 2 µm. Asci cylindrical,
unitunicate, 8-spored, 67–86 × 8–13 µm. Ascospores uni- to biseriate, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, with both ends round,
sometime slightly curved, (12–)13–16(–17) × (3.5–)4–5.3(–6)
µm, mean ± SD 14.3 ± 1.1 × 4.4 ± 0.5, L/W ratio 3.2.
Asexual morph on SNA. Vegetative hyphae 1.5 –7 µm diam,
hyaline to pale brown, smooth-walled, septate, branched. Clamydospores not observed. Setae not observed or rare. Conidiomata absent, conidiophores formed directly from vegetative
hyphae, simple or septate and frequently branched, 14–41 µm
long. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth-walled cylindrical to
ampulliform, sometimes integrated (not separated from fertile
hyphae by a septum), polyphialides rarely observed, phialides
measuring 10 – 22 × 1.8 – 3.3 µm, opening 1–1.5 µm diam, collarette not visible or ≤ 0.3 µm long, periclinal thickening not
observed or rare. Conidia hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate,
mainly straight, sometimes slightly constricted in the middle,
cylindrical, with one end rounded and the other slightly acute to
truncate with cytoplasm little granular, (16.2–)17.1–20(–23.3) ×
(4.8 –)5 – 5.6(– 5.9) µm, mean ± SD 18.6 ± 1.4 × 5.4 ± 0.2 µm,
L/W ratio = 3.5. Appressoria single, solitary, brown, smoothwalled, clavate to elliptical, the edge entirely or slightly undulated, (6.9–)7.6 –12.4(–16.9) × (3 –)4.1– 6.3(– 6.9) µm, mean
± SD 9.6 ± 2.1 × 5.1 ± 0.9 µm, L/W ratio = 2 (more abundant
in oat meal agar).
Asexual morph on Anthriscus stem. Conidiomata absent. Setae
not observed. Conidiophores formed directly on hyphae, abundant, hyaline, smooth-walled, sometimes septate, branched, to
35 µm long. Conidiogenous cell hyaline, smooth-walled, cylindrical to clavate 9–16.5 × 2–4 µm, opening 1–1.5 µm, collarette
≤ 0.5 µm long or not visible, periclinal thickening not observed
or rare. Conidia hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate (sometimes
with a septum before germination), straight to slightly curved,
cylindrical, with one end round and other end sometimes slightly
acute, (15.7–)16.7–19.2(– 20.3) × (4.4 –)4.9 – 5.3(– 5.6) µm,
mean ± SD 17.9 ± 1 × 5.1 ± 0.2 µm, L/W ratio = 3.5.
Culture characteristics — (near UV light with a 12 h photoperiod, 20 °C after 10 d): Colonies on SNA flat with entire
margin, hyaline to pale olivaceous grey, with low white aerial
Colour illustrations. Fuchsia magellanica growing in natural habitats of
Chile (courtesy Fernan Silva 2017); asci, ascospores and conidiophores on
Anthriscus stem (in lactophenol-cotton-blue), appressoria and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
mycelium, filter paper and Anthriscus stem partly covered with
grey fruiting bodies (ascomata), reaching 58.8 ± 1.4 mm diam.
Colonies on OA flat with entire margin, with felty or short floccose olivaceous grey aerial mycelium, reaching 65.6 ± 1 mm
diam. Conidia in mass salmon.
Typus. chiLe, Los Ángeles, on leaves of Fuchsia magellanica (Onagraceae), 11 July 2012, J. Jure (holotype RGM 2481, culture ex-type SAG
53350-12 = CBS 144795; ITS, LSU, GAPDH, ACT and TUB2 sequences
GenBank MH817944, MK014743, MH817950, MH817956 and MH817962,
MycoBank MB827627, TreeBASE Submission ID 23265).
For additional material examined, see MycoBank.
Notes — Colletotrichum arboricola was isolated for the first
time on leaves of Fuchsia magellanica, but its presence has
since been observed in different arboreal hosts in the central
area of Chile. A phylogenetic analysis based on sequence data
from four loci (ITS, GAPDH, ACT and TUB2) places the fungus
in clade 5 of the Colletotrichum acutatum complex (Damm et
al. 2012). Colletotrichum arboricola is separated from other
species by GAPDH and ACT, with GAPDH performing best
as a diagnostic sequence. The closest matches in a BLASTn
searches with the GAPDH sequence were C. phormii CBS
118194 (GenBank JQ948777; Identities = 245/252 (97 %), no
gaps), C. acerbum CBS 128530 (GenBank JQ948790; Identities = 242/252 (96 %), no gaps) and C. johnstonii CBS 128532
(GenBank JQ948775; Identities = 241/252 (96 %), no gaps).
Due to size and shape overlapping of conidia, appressoria and
ascospores with others members of the complex, C. arboricola
is not reliably distinguishable using morphological characteristics.
One of the two equally most parsimonious trees (67 steps, CI =
0.896, HI = 0.104, RI = 0.957) obtained from the multilocus
phylogenetic analysis (ITS-GAPDH-ACT-TUB2) for selected
Colletotrichum species belonging to the C. acutatum complex.
The analysis was conducted with PAUP v. 4.0b10 (Swofford
2003). DNA sequences were aligned using MAFFT v. 7.0 employing the E-INS-i strategy. Bootstrap support values ≥ 75 %
are shown above nodes (1 000 replicates). The tree was rooted
with Colletotrichum orchidophilum. T = ex-type.
Mario Zapata, Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero, Laboratorio Regional Chillán, Unidad de Fitopatología, Claudio Arrau 738, Chillán,
Código Postal 3800773, Chile; e-mail: mario.zapata@sag.gob.cl
María Antonieta Palma, Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero, Laboratorio Regional Valparaíso, Unidad de Fitopatología, Varas 120,
Código Postal 2360451, Valparaíso, Chile; e-mail: antonieta.palma@sag.gob.cl
Eduardo Piontelli, Universidad de Valparaíso, Facultad de Medicina, Profesor Emérito Cátedra de Micología, Hontaneda 2653,
Código Postal 2341369, Valparaíso, Chile; e-mail: eduardopiontelli@hotmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
354
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Diaporthe poincianellae
355
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 838 – 14 December 2018
Diaporthe poincianellae T.G.L Oliveira, O.M.C. Magalhães & J.D.P. Bezerra, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Poincianella, the host plant genus from which
it was isolated.
Classification — Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial in culture, globose to subglobose with
thin wall, solitary or aggregated, dark brown to black, (212–)265–
350 × (180 –)265 – 318 μm, with cream to yellowish conidial
drops exuding from the ostioles. Conidiogenous cells phialidic,
hyaline, occasionally branched, straight to sinuous, slightly
tapering towards the apex and slightly curved, 10.5 –12.5 ×
2 – 2.2 μm. Alpha conidia aseptate, hyaline, smooth, guttulate,
fusoid to ellipsoidal, slightly tapered towards the rounded end,
truncated base, 5.5 –7.5(– 8.5) × 3 – 3.5 μm. Beta conidia not
observed. Sexual morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — On PDA at 25 °C in darkness,
8 cm diam after 15 d, colony initially white greyish, becoming
yellowish, fluffy and whitish aerial mycelium. Reverse dark
brown to black. Pycnidia forming after 15 d. On MEA at 25 °C in
darkness, colony initially white to greyish, becoming yellowish,
fluffy and whitish aerial mycelium, with slow growth reaching
5.5 cm diam after 15 d. Reverse dark brown to black with small
whitish parts. Pycnidia forming after 15 d.
0.95
D. vangueriae CPC 22703
D. cissampeli CPC 27302
//
1
D. oncostoma CBS 100454
0.99
D. oncostoma CBS 109741
0.98
D. saccarata CBS 116311
Diaporthe poincianellae URM 7932
D. inconspicua CBS 133813
D. inconspicua URM 7776
1
1
1
D. pseudoinconspicua URM 7873
D. pseudoinconspicua URM 7874
D. pseudoinconspicua LGMF922
1
D. pterocarpi MFLUCC 10-0571
1
D. pterocarpi MFLUCC 10-0575
D. elaeagni CBS 504.72
0.99
D. stictica CBS 370.54
D. anacardii CBS 720.97
1
1
Typus. BraZiL, Paraíba state, Santa Teresinha, Tamanduá farm (S07°1.524
W037°23.518), as endophyte from branches of Poincianella pyramidalis
(Fabaceae), May 2013, J.D.P. Bezerra (holotype URM 91976, culture extype URM 7932, ITS, LSU, CaM, his3, tef1-α and tub2 sequences GenBank
MH989509, MH989513, MH989540, MH989539, MH989538 and MH989537,
MycoBank MB827977).
Notes — The genus Diaporthe has been extensively reviewed and several new species have been included in it (MarinFelix et al. 2019). BLASTn searches using ITS sequence of Diaporthe poincianellae demonstrated 99 % similarity to D. velutina
(GenBank NR_152470.1), amongst others. The LSU sequence
is 99 % similar to D. phragmitis (GenBank MH878644.1),
amongst others. The CaM sequence has 93 % similarity to
D. anacardii (GenBank KC343266.1). The his3 sequence is
94 % similarity to D. inconspicua and D. pseudoinconspicua
(e.g., GenBank KC343607.1 and MH122517.1). Based on the
tef1 sequence D. poincianellae is 88 % similarity to D. velutina
(GenBank KX999178.1), and based on tub2 sequence it is 95 %
similar to D. cissampeli (GenBank KX228384.1). Morphologically, D. poincianellae differs from D. velutina based on the size
of pycnidia (69 – 428 μm diam), conidiophores (10 – 23 × 1– 2.5
μm), alpha conidia sometimes clavate (5.5–10 × 2–2.5 μm) and
by the presence of beta conidia (Gao et al. 2017). Furthermore,
D. poincianellae also differs from D. cissampeli by the size of
its pycnidia (up to 200 μm diam), conidiogenous cells phialidic
(10 –15 × 1– 2 μm) and alpha conidia subcylindrical (7.5 –12 ×
2 – 3 μm) (Crous et al. 2016b).
D. macintoshii BRIP 55064a
D. velutina LC4421
D. velutina LC4641
0.99
D. velutina LC4419
D. cinerascens CBS 719.96
1
0.98
D. cytosporella AR5149
0.99
D. cytosporella FAU461
0.99
D. chamaeropis CBS 454.81
D. chamaeropis CBS 753.70
D. baccae CBS 136972
0.99
D. baccae CBS 136971
D. baccae CPC 20585
0.99
0.99
D. foeniculina CBS 187.27
D. foeniculina CBS 111553
D. foeniculina CBS 123208
Diaporthella corylina CBS 121124
0.09
Bayesian inference tree obtained by a phylogenetic analysis of
the combined ITS rDNA, tef1-α and tub2 sequences conducted
in MrBayes on XSEDE in the CIPRES science gateway (Miller
et al. 2010). The substitution model K80+I+G was used for ITS
and HKY+G for tef1-α and tub2 alignments. Bayesian posterior
probability values are indicated at the nodes. The new species
is indicated in bold face. Diaporthella corylina (CBS 121124)
was used as outgroup.
Colour illustrations. Brazilian tropical dry forest; conidiomata pycnidial;
alpha conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Thays G.L. Oliveira, Maria T.C. Felipe, Oliane M.C. Magalhães & Jadson D.P. Bezerra,
Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: thays.gabilins@hotmail.com, mariatcfelipe@gmail.com, olimicomed@gmail.com & jadsondpb@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
356
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Entoloma silvae-frondosae
357
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 839 – 14 December 2018
Entoloma silvae-frondosae Dima, O.V. Morozova, Noordel., Brandrud & Krisai, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to the habitat of the species in broad-leaved
forests.
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata medium-sized, collybioid to tricholomatoid. Pileus 11‒ 50 mm diam, initially hemispherical to convex with or
without a small acute umbo, becoming applanate with central
depression, with involute then straight margin, hygrophanous,
translucently striate at margin when expanded, quickly pallescent on drying, when moist initially pale brownish grey to
ochraceous grey, becoming paler, whitish grey (3B3–4, 4B3–4,
4C3 – 4, 5B3 – 4, 6D5 – 6, Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), often
almost white when dry (4A2), surface dry, smooth, glabrous,
sometimes with a few scattered, white hairs at margin (when
young and fresh). Lamellae moderately distant (L = 30 – 40,
l = 1– 3), adnexed, adnate-emarginate or adnate with small
tooth, arcuate-segmentiform, narrow, whitish, pale grey, becoming pinkish or orange-white (5A2, 6A2), with entire, concolorous
edge. Stipe 30 – 80 × 3 –7 mm, cylindrical or fusiform, base
rarely broadened, sometimes tapering towards base, white,
greyish pale to watery grey, longitudinally fibrillose striate, base
distinctly hairy. Context greyish beige, hygrophanous, solid
then hollow. Smell nitrous or somewhat soap-like, or with a
sweetish, perfume-component, somewhat farinaceous. Spores
(7–)8 – 9.5(–12) × (5.5 –)6 – 8(– 9) μm, Q = (1–)1.2–1.3(–1.5),
subisodiametrical, with 5–7 angles in side-view. Basidia 28–45
× 8 –11 μm, 4-spored, narrowly clavate to clavate. Cheilocystidia absent. Hymenophoral trama regular, made up of inflated
elements, 55 –130 × 6 –13 μm. Pileipellis a cutis of parallel,
cylindrical hyphae, 3 –7 μm wide, with slender clavate terminal
elements up to 12 μm wide, these a bit uplifted; subpellis welldifferentiated, made up of inflated elements, 40 –100 × 8 – 28
μm. Pileitrama regular, made up of inflated elements, 45 –120
× 20 – 35 μm. Pigment intracellular and sometimes with additionally incrusted thin hyphae of pileipellis. Clamp-connections
abundant in all structures.
Habit, Habitat & Distribution — In groups on soil in broadleaved forests, mainly under Carpinus, Quercus, Fagus or
Tilia. Known from Austria, Estonia, Hungary, Norway, Russian
Caucasus, and Iran (from root samples).
lucently striate pileus, a relatively fragile white stipe, isodiametrical or subisodiametrical spores, and a nitrous (to soap-like)
smell. The smell of the species in the E. rhodopolium-E. nidorosum group is rather variable, and perceived differently by
different mycologist, but it is definitely different from the pure
and often strong farinaceous smell and taste found in other
rhodopolioid Entoloma species.
Diagnostic features of E. silvae-frondosae are pale basidiomata
with distinctly hairy stipe base, and occurrence in temperate
broad-leaved forests with Carpinus, Fagus and Tilia. Similar
species within the E. rhodopolium clade, such as E. melenosmum (= E. nidorosum, Kokkonen 2015), E. nidorosum and
E. politum, have another ecology, preferring moist to swampy
Betula and Salix forests. In addition, they usually have darker
basidiomata. However, E. rhodopolium s.str. often grows in
similar habitat as E. silvae-frondosae like Corylus and Fagus
forests in boreonemoral-temperate regions (Kokkonen 2015,
Brandrud et al. 2018). Although E. rhodopolium s.str. has on
average somewhat darker, larger basidiomata with less distinct
hairy stipe base, it might sometimes be difficult to distinguish it
morphologically from E. silvae-frondosae.
For supplementary information see MycoBank
Typus. hunGary, Vas, Apátistvánfalva, N46.888488° E16.261684°, in
Carpinus betulus-Pinus sylvestris mixed forest, 30 Sept. 2017, B. Dima &
L. Albert, DB6568 (holotype L, isotypes BP, o, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MH790432 and MH792065, MycoBank MB827526).
For additional material examined, see MycoBank.
Notes — Entoloma silvae-frondosae is nested within the
E. rhodopolium s.str. group, which is characterised by rather
pale basidiomata, often developing a slightly clitocyboid habit
with depressed pileus centre, with a hygrophanous, often transColour illustrations. Russia, Krasnodar Territory, Adler District, Aibga
forestry, valley of the Bezymyannaya River, flood-plain forest; spores, pileipellis (all from holotype DB6568), basidiomata in situ (LE311980), hairs at stipe
base of the basidioma from LE311981, basidiomata in situ (holotype DB6568).
Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (microstructures).
0.03
MH790439 E. silvae-frondosae LE311978 Russia
MH790442 E. silvae-frondosae LE311981 Russia
MH790436 E. silvae-frondosae TEB225-16 Norway
MH790437 E. silvae-frondosae TEB302-15 Norway
UDB005798 Entoloma EcM O197 Iran
UDB005430 Entoloma EcM B642 Iran
UDB005804 Entoloma EcM O207 Iran
MH790435 E. silvae-frondosae TEB389-15 Norway
UDB005509 Entoloma EcM B784 Iran
FR852294 Entoloma EcM Ir1 Iran
MH790438 E. silvae-frondosae O-F-249197 Norway
E. silvae-frondosae sp. nov.
MH790443 E. silvae-frondosae LE311982 Russia
MH790433 E. silvae-frondosae WU26648 Austria
95 UDB015209 E. 'rhodopolium' TU106911 Estonia
UDB015210 E. 'speculum' TU106913 Estonia
MH790441 E. silvae-frondosae LE311980 Russia
MH790432 E. silvae-frondosae DB6568 Hungary (holotype)
MH790440 E. silvae-frondosae LE311979 Russia
100
MH790434 E. silvae-frondosae O-F-249276 Norway
UDB005598 Entoloma EcM B924 Iran
UDB017504 Entoloma EcM H901 Iran
Entoloma sp. AB922894 Japan
Entoloma sp. UDB014145 Japan
93
98
E. paragaudatum LN850530 (holotype)
E. melenosmum LN850508 (holotype)
94
E. speculum var. microsemen MF882927 (holotype)
93
E. aff. rhodopolium LN850500
E. rhodopolium LN850494 (neotype)
92
E. politum LN850511
E. eminens LN850584 (holotype)
87
E. griseopruinatum LN850556 (isotype)
E. sinuatum KC710116
99
E. subradiatum LN850596 (lectotype)
E. paludicola LN850517 (holotype)
96
E. borgenii LN850524 (topotype)
E. bryorum LN850539
83
MH790425 E. tiliae TEB211-14 Norway
KM576403 Entolomataceae sp. LM2608 Romania
MH790431 E. tiliae LE311977 Russia
MH790430 E. tiliae LE311970 Russia
100
MH790424 E. tiliae O-F-251964 Norway
MH790426 E. tiliae EB171/17 Norway
MH790423 E. tiliae O-F-251963 Norway
E. tiliae sp. nov.
MH790429 E. tiliae LE311971 Russia
MH790420 E. tiliae LE254179 Russia (holotype)
89
MH790427 E. tiliae OW-E21-15 Norway
MH790421 E. tiliae O-F-252023 Norway
MH790428 E. tiliae LE254150 Russia
MH790422 E. tiliae O-F-251970 Norway
KM576398 Entoloma sp. LM2632 Romania
E. griseorugulosum LN850591 (holotype)
E. rivulare LN850544 (holotype)
83
100
E. rubrobasis LN850580 (topotype)
E. boreale LN850624 (holotype)
E. philocistus LN850600 (paratype)
Phylogenetic tree derived from Maximum Likelihood analysis
based on nrITS1-5.8S-ITS2 data. Analysis performed in PhyML
v. 3.0 (Guindon et al. 2010) using the non-parametric Shimodaira-Hasegawa version of the approximate likelihood-ratio test
(SH-aLRT) and the GTR+I+Γ model of evolution. ML bootstrap
support values shown at the nodes (BS > 80 %). Sequences of
the new species generated for this study in bold face.
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C,
H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
Olga V. Morozova, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str.,
Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: OMorozova@binran.ru
Machiel Evert Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;
e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
Tor Erik Brandrud, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway; e-mail: tor.brandrud@nina.no
Irmgard Krisai-Greilhuber, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14,
1030 Wien, Austria; e-mail: irmgard.greilhuber@univie.ac.at
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
358
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Entoloma tiliae
359
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 840 – 14 December 2018
Entoloma tiliae Brandrud, O.V. Morozova, Dima, Bendiksen & Noordel., sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to the occurrence of the species with Tilia
spp., in calcareous Tilia forests and parks with Tilia.
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata medium-sized, tricholomatoid. Pileus 20 ‒ 60 mm
diam, initially hemispherical-campanulate to convex-umbonate,
becoming applanate with or without a low and broad central
umbo, with slightly involute then straight margin, typically strongly hygrophanous, in exposed habitats often only seen in dried
up state, and then rather pale brownish grey, in shadow rich
places in water-soaked state starting off rather dark greyish
brown to greyish brown (6F4–6, 7F3–6, Kornerup & Wanscher
1978), sometimes almost black at centre or the entire pileus
when young, pallescent when drying up to pale brownish but
small or expanded, thin-fleshed basidiomata can be much
paler when dry grey (5D4 – 6, 5E4 – 6 up to 5C3 – 4); surface
dry, glabrous, smooth or slightly rugose in the centre, initially
sometimes finely white-silvery fibrillose-pruinose at centre, not
striate when young, only weakly striate at margin when mature.
Lamellae moderately distant (L = 30 – 40, l = 3– 5), adnexed,
adnate-emarginate or adnate with small decurrent tooth, whitish
to pale greyish, becoming pinkish or greyish pink (7A2–3), with
entire, concolorous edge. Stipe 30–70 × 3–11 mm, cylindrical or
slightly fusiform, base sometimes tapered, sometimes distinctly
clavate-bulbous (up to 1 cm broad) longitudinally fibrillose striate due to whitish fibrils on more or less greyish background,
with age or when dry whitish; basal mycelium sparse, white,
cottony, sometimes with white rhizomorphs; sometimes with
reddish spots at the stipe base (also in context). Context greyish in the stipe and under the pileus surface, usually whitish in
the inner part of the pileus, when dry whitish in most of context. Smell and taste farinaceous. Spores (8 –)9 – 9.5(–11.5) ×
(6.5–)7–7.5(–9) µm, Q = (1–)1.2–1.3(–1.4), subisodiametrical,
with 6 –7 angles in side-view. Basidia 38 – 48 × 11–12.5 µm,
4-spored, narrowly clavate to clavate, clamped. Cheilocystidia
absent. Hymenophoral trama regular, made up of inflated elements, 70 –150 × 5 –10 µm. Pileipellis a cutis with a transition
to a trichoderm in the centre made up of cylindrical hyphae,
3 – 6 µm wide, with cylindrical to irregular terminal elements,
sometimes differentiated as clavate to sphaeropedunculate
cystidia-like elements up to 15 µm wide and 53 µm long; with
brown intracellular pigment, often also with encrusted pigment
in some narrow hyphae of pileipellis and subpellis. Clampconnections abundant in all structures.
Habit, Habitat & Distribution — In groups on soil in calcareous Tilia cordata forests and parks with Tilia × europaea (= T. ×
Colour illustrations. Russia, Saint Petersburg, Botanical Garden of the
Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, park with planted Tilia × europaea, type
locality; spores, hymenium, pileipellis near the pileus margin, pileipellis in the
centre with pileocystidia (all from holotype), basidiomata in situ (LE254150),
basidiomata in situ (holotype), longitudinal section of the basidioma from
holotype. Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (microstructures).
vulgaris) and T. cordata. Known from SE Norway (Oslofjord
area), Romania (environmental/soil sample) and European
Russia (Saint Petersburg).
Typus. ruSSia, Saint Petersburg, Botanical Garden of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, N59.968889° E30.320833°, under Tilia × europaea,
19 Aug. 2011, O. Morozova (holotype LE254179, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MH790420 and MH792063, MycoBank MB827527), as E. gerriae
in Morozova et al. (2014).
For additional material examined, see MycoBank.
Notes — Entoloma tiliae is characterised by an usually uniformly dark-coloured pileus, longitudinally fibrillose striate rather
rigid greyish stipe, isodiametrical or subisodiametrical spores,
intracellular and additionally minutely incrusting pigments and a
farinaceous smell. The majority of collections also exhibit some
reddish spots/stains at bulb base on a few specimens. According to our phylogeny, the species belongs to a well-supported
clade including, e.g., E. rubrobasis and E. griseorugulosum
(Brandrud et al. 2018). In our phylogram, the species comes
out as a sister to E. griseorugulosum and E. rivulare. Entoloma
griseorugulosum has a resembling morphology and ecology,
but it is distinguished on the rugulose pileus surface and habitat
in the Quercus and Castanea forests. Furthermore, reddish
stains at the base of the stipe is never noted on E. griseorugulosum. The recently described E. rivulare (Kokkonen 2015) is a
small, boreal species, associated with wet habitats with Alnus
or Populus. Entoloma rubrobasis (also demonstrating reddish
tinge in the stipe base) and E. boreale are so far found only in
Fennoscandian boreal coniferous forests, probably associated
mainly with Betula and Picea, respectively (Kokkonen 2015,
Brandrud et al. 2018).
Entoloma griseoluridum is another deciduous forest species
described with somewhat similar features, but we have not
been able to sequence the type of this species. According to the
protologue (Kühner in Kühner & Romagnesi 1954), E. griseoluridum, however, lacks incrusting pigment on the narrow hyphae
of pileipellis, it is more robust species with purplish red tinge
in pileus, has dark lamellae, and it grows in Quercus, Fagus,
Carpinus forests. Ludwig (2007) considered E. griseopruinatum
and E. griseoluridum synonymous. Entoloma gerriae, also a
very dark species from a similar habitat, differs by the more
slender and tender basidiomata, coarsely incrusting and very
dark intracellular pigment, and its holotype sequence nests in
a distinct, rather distant clade. Some specimens of Entoloma
tiliae previously were erroneously interpreted as Entoloma
griseoluridum (e.g., in Zhukova et al. 2017), another deciduous forest species described with somewhat similar features.
Unfortunately, we have not been able to sequence the type of
this species.
See tree on Fungal Planet 839.
Tor Erik Brandrud & Egil Bendiksen, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway;
e-mail: tor.brandrud@nina.no & Egil.Bendiksen@nina.no
Olga V. Morozova, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str.,
Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: OMorozova@binran.ru
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C,
H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
Machiel Evert Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517,
2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
360
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Fistulinella olivaceoalba
361
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 841 – 14 December 2018
Fistulinella olivaceoalba T.H.G. Pham, Y.C. Li & O.V. Morozova, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to the white and olivaceous colours of the
basidiomata.
Classification — Boletaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata small to medium sized, boletoid. Pileus 15 ‒ 50
mm diam, hemispherical to convex or subapplanate; with
dark olivaceous grey (4D3 – 4, 4E3 – 5, 5D3 – 5E3, Kornerup &
Wanscher 1978), greyish beige (4C3 – 4) to dark green, greyish green or olive green (28E8, 28C3 – 5, 30E7– 8) scales and
flakes over white background, becoming when mature grass
green to yellowish green (30E7, 29B5 – 6), embedded in the
gelatinous matter, more closely spaced in centre; slimy to
viscid, in wet condition; margin almost lacking scales, white,
overhanging the hymenophore, entire, slightly inrolled when
young. Hymenophore tubular, adnate-emarginate to shortly
decurrent with tooth to the stipe, 3 – 8 mm thick, whitish to
creme (4A1– 3), unchanging in colour when bruised, pinkish
from spores in maturity; pores rounded to angular, 1– 2 /mm,
with fringed edge; tubes concolorous with the hymenophore
surface. Spore print brownish pink. Stipe 40 – 90 × 3 –7 mm,
cylindrical or slightly broader in the basal part, white, sparsely
covered with dotted or granular scales (especially in the upper
part) on white background, sometimes yellowish near the base,
slimy to viscid. Context white, unchanging. Smell spicy, taste
mild or sometimes bitter. Basidiospores (11–)13.5 –14(–16.5)
× (4–)4.5–5(–5.5) μm, Q = (2.5–)2.8(–3.3), fusoid, subfusoid
and inequilateral in side view with weak suprahilar depression,
narrowly oblong to subfusoid in ventral view, yellowish to brownish yellow in KOH, weakly dextrinoid, smooth. Basidia 22–37 ×
8 –11 μm, 4-spored, sometimes 2-spored, clavate. Cheilocystidia 55–130 × 8–18 μm, forming a sterile edge, septate, consist
of 2–3 cells, cylindrical with broadened and sometimes rostrate
terminal cells 25 – 41 × 5–9 μm, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia
35 –75 × 5 –10 μm, cylindrical, fusiform, subfusoid to narrowly
lageniform, or subfusoid-mucronate to ventricose-mucronate,
thin-walled, sparse. Hymenophoral trama divergent. Pileipellis
an ixotrichoderm, made up of yellowish to brownish, cylindrical
gelatinous interwoven hyphae 2.5 – 4 μm wide with narrowly
clavate or fusiform terminal cells, 26 – 80 × 5 –10 μm, pigment
incrusting and additionally pale intracellular. Pileal trama composed of interwoven hyphae 3.5 – 5.5 μm wide. Stipitipellis a
cutis of hyaline parallel hyphae, 2 – 5 μm wide. Caulocystidia
68–130 × 11–16 μm, as cylindrical, septate hairs with clavate or
sometimes rostrate terminal cells. Clamp connections absent.
Habit, Habitat & Distribution — In groups on soil in tropical
lowland and montane evergreen broadleaf forest. Known from
Vietnam, China and Japan.
Typus. VietnaM, Lam Dong Prov., Lac Duong Dist., Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park, Hon Giao Ranger Station, path to Hon Giao Mt, N12.192222°
E108.711111°, 1 850 m alt., upper montane mossy evergreen broadleaf forest, on soil and on the base of tree, 26 May 2014, O. Morozova (holotype,
LE312004, tef1α, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH733592, MH718344
and MH718396, MycoBank MB827509).
Additional specimens examined. china, Fujian Prov., Sanming City, Sanming Nature Reserve of Castanopsis kawakamii, 260 m alt., 26 Aug. 2007,
Y.C. Li 1022, HKAS 53367, tef1α sequence GenBank KF112304; Hunan
Prov., Yizhang County, Mangshan, 4 Sept. 2007, 880 m alt., Y.C. Li 1087,
HKAS 53432, tef1α and LSU sequences GenBank MH746438 and
MH745969; Hainan Prov. Wuzhishan City, Wuzhushan National Nature
Reserve, 2 Aug. 2009, 950 m, N.K. Zeng 416, FHMU 202, tef1α sequence
GenBank MH746439.
Notes — The genus Fistulinella was originally described
based on a species from Cameroon (Hennings 1901). It is characterised by the whitish to pink tubular hymenophore, the
pinkish to brownish pink spore print, the smooth, elongate to
fusiform, more or less dextrinoid basidiospores, and the presence of gelatinised structures in the pilei- and stipitipellis (Wu
et al. 2014). Fistulinella olivaceoalba fits these characteristics
rather well. It is recognised by the small slimy basidiomata
with distinct greenish or olivaceous colours in the pileus and
pinkish hymenophore. Microscopically long cylindrical septate
cheilo- and caulocystidia, as well as fusiform pleurocystidia
are also characteristic. Based on these features it is close to
F. cinereoalba (Fulgenzi et al. 2010), which, however, lacks
greenish colours in basidiomata and grows in South America.
In GenBank this species is represented by the ITS sequence,
which is significantly different from that of F. olivaceoalba.
There are no sequences of the type species, Fistulinella staudtii,
available. But according to a 3-gene (tef1α, rpb2, LSU) phylogeny (Wu et al. 2014), a specimen from China (HKAS 53367)
is grouping together with Fistulinella prunicolor, and belongs
to the subfamily Austroboletoideae. However, they are rather
distant – p-distance = 12.6 % difference of tef1α sequences.
The genus Fistulinella appears to be polyphyletic and needs
additional examination.
A BLASTn search of the ITS sequence of LE312004 in GenBank shows 99 –100 % similarity with sequences obtained in
the course of environment studies in Japan (e.g., GenBank
LC315825 – ectomycorrhiza of Pinus amamiana, GenBank
AB807905 – ectomycorrhiza of Quercus, and also GenBank
AB973727 and AB509575).
Colour illustrations. Vietnam, Lam Dong Prov., Lac Duong Dist., BidoupNui Ba National Park, Hon Giao Mt, upper montane mossy evergreen
broadleaf forest, type locality; spores, SEM photos of spores, cheilocystidia,
elements of pileipellis, caulocystidia, basidiomata in situ. Scale bars = 1 cm
(basidiomata), 10 µm (microstructures).
Pham Thi Ha Giang, Saint Petersburg State Forestry University, 194021, 5U Institutsky Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia /
Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam; e-mail: giangvietnga@gmail.com
Yan-Chun Li, Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China; e-mail: liyanch@mail.kib.ac.cn
Olga V. Morozova, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, 2 Prof. Popov Str.,
Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: OMorozova@binran.ru
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
362
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Geastrum piquiriunense
363
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 842 – 14 December 2018
Geastrum piquiriunense Accioly, A.A. Lima, J.O. Sousa, M.P. Martín & Baseia,
sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to ‘Piquiri-Una’ environmental preservation area
in Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil, where the type specimen was collected,
around a community at the margins of Catu River. In Tupi-Guarani indigenous
language, piquiri means ‘river with little fishes’; una means black, dark.
Classification — Geastraceae, Geastrales, Agaricomycetes.
Immature basidiomata epigeous, orange-yellow (N10Y80M30;
Küppers 2002), subglobose, 3 mm high × 3 mm wide, rounded
apex, surface not encrusted, hirsute, short hairs (< 0.5 mm
high), presence of subicular base with rhizomorphs (up to
15 mm long), encrusted with debris. Expanded basidiomata
saccate, 3.5 – 6 mm high (including peristome) × 10 –18 mm
wide. Rhizomorphs composed of up to 1 µm wide hyaline
hyphae, covered by bipyramidal prism crystals (3.7– 6.3 ×
1.3 –1.5 μm), not grouped to grouped, or in rose-shaped aggregates 3.8 –11.4 × 3.6 –11.4 μm. Exoperidium splitting into
5–6 revolute, and non-hygroscopic rays. Mycelial layer orange
yellow (N10Y80M40), persistent, surface not encrusted, hirsute,
composed by small mycelial tufts (0.3 – 0.4 mm), densely
organized, orange yellow (N10Y80M40), formed by yellowish
hyphae in 5 % KOH, not branched, 1.8 – 3.7 µm wide, lumen
evident, with sinuous and thin walls (< 1 µm thick), surface
not encrusted. Fibrous layer white to yellowish (N00Y00M00 to
N00Y10M00), papery, composed of hyaline hyphae, 1.5 – 2.8 µm
wide, with sinuous and thin walls (< 1 µm), not encrusted, lumen non-evident. Pseudoparenchymatous layer greyish brown
(N40Y50M40), persistent, formed by hyaline, subglobose, oval to
elongated sphaerocysts, 21.3 – 60.8 µm high × 15.8 – 29.7 µm
wide, thin-walled (< 1 µm thick). Endoperidium greyish brown
(N60Y60M40), globose to subglobose, 2 – 5 mm high (including
peristome) × 3– 7 mm wide, sessile, glabrous. Peristome finely
fibrillose, delimited by a yellowish pale brown (N10Y20M10) annulum, lighter than endoperidium, mammiform (< 1 mm high),
1.9 – 2.3 mm wide. Gleba powdery, darkened grey (N99Y00M00).
Eucapillitium brownish, 2.9–5.6 µm wide, not branched, surface
encrusted, verrucose, lumen non-evident, tapering towards
the end, thin walls (< 1 µm thick). Basidiospores subglobose,
4.7– 6.3 µm diam (av. = 5.5 ± 0.4 × 5.3 ± 0.4 µm, Qm = 1.03,
n = 30), brownish in 5 % KOH, slightly flattened, conspicuous
ornamentation at light microscopy, composed of confluent
warts (0.2 – 0.5 µm high) with truncate apex, and irregularly
distributed under SEM.
Habitat, Habit & Distribution — Specimens exhibited solitary
to gregarious habit, on soil covered by leaf litter, in a clearing
area. The type location presents Ombrophilous Dense Forest
phytophysiognomy.
Colour illustrations. Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte, Área de Preservação
Ambiental Piquiri-Una, where the specimens were collected; mature basidioma in situ, mycelial layer, capillitium under SEM, basidiospores under.
Scale bars = 5 mm (basidioma), 1 mm (mycelial layer), 2 μm (capillitium and
basidiospores). All photos from UFRN–Fungos 2892.
Typus. BraZiL, Rio Grande do Norte, Goianinha, Área de Preservação
Ambiental Piquiri-Una, Catú trail, alt. 64 m, S06°21'22.52" W35°12'57.86", on
soil covered by leaf litter, 6 June 2016, A.A. Lima & D.O. Andrade (holotype
UFRN-Fungos 2892, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH260269 and
MH260270, MycoBank MB825194).
Additional species examined. Geastrum pusillipilosum, BraZiL, Paraíba,
Mamanguape, REBIO Guaribas, SEMA II, 26 June 2014, J.O. Sousa JM100
(holotype UFRN-Fungos 2315, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank KX761175
and KX761176).
Notes — Geastrum piquiriunense is mainly characterised
by its small basidiomata (up to 18 mm wide), hirsute mycelial
layer, presence of a subicular base with rhizomorphs, delimited
peristome, and subglobose basidiospores 4.7– 6.3 µm, slightly
flattened, with irregular confluent warts with truncate apex. This
species is morphologically similar to G. pusillipilosum regarding its small size, hirsute mycelial layer, and delimited fibrillose
peristome. Geastrum pusillipilosum can be recognised by its
slightly larger, globose basidiospores (5 – 6.8 µm, Qm = 1.0),
covered by longer columnar warts (0.6–2 μm high; Crous et al.
2016a), and also by rhizomorphs covered by irregular oblique
prism crystals, 2.5– 2.8 × 4.8 – 8.6 μm. Geastrum schweinitzii
and G. pleosporum also have small size basidiomata (up to 20
mm wide) and delimited peristome; however, G. schweinitzii
has well-developed subiculum, caespitose growth, and smaller
basidiospores (up to 5 μm diam) (Sousa et al. 2014), while
G. pleosporum is characterised by smooth to subsmooth irregular shaped basidiospores up to 5 μm diam (Douanla-Meli et
al. 2005). Geastrum piquiriunense could be also confused with
G. hirsutum, but the latter can be distinguished by having longer
and strigose mycelial tufts (up to 3 mm long) at its mycelial layer,
and quite smaller basidiospores (2.5 – 3 μm wide) (Baseia &
Calonge 2006, Silva et al. 2015). In our phylogenetic analysis
G. piquiriunense grouped tightly with GenBank JN845120
(TENN:061141, MLbs = 99 %, PP = 1, MPbs = 100 %); nonetheless, this sequence is identified as G. saccatum both at the
online database of University of Tennessee (TENN Herbarium)
and the GenBank database, while in Kasuya et al. (2012), the
same code (JN845120 –TENN:061141) is identified as G. sessile (= G. fimbriatum, according to Index Fungorum). The hirsute mycelial layer clearly distinguishes G. piquiriunense from
G. saccatum or G. sessile (= fimbriatum); moreover, these two
species have predominantly smooth, sometimes felted or wrinkled mycelial layers (Sunhede 1989). In addition, G. sessile has
an endoperidium with protruding hyphae and smaller basidiospores (2.7– 5.2 μm diam) (Leite & Baseia 2007, Alfredo et al.
2016); also G. saccatum has smaller basidiospores (3.6 – 4.5
μm diam) (Leite et al. 2011). Thus, our analysis confirms a
misidentification of collection TENN:061141, since it is not
included in the clades of the sections Corollina nor Fimbriata;
this collection needs to be morphologically reassessed in order
to determine if it belongs to G. piquiriunense, or even if it is a
new species awaiting description.
For supplementary information see MycoBank
Thiago Accioly, Alexandro A. Lima, Julieth O. Sousa, Programa de Pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil;
e-mail: thiagoaccioly@hotmail.com, alexandro.andrade@hotmail.com & julieth.oliveira.sousa@gmail.com
María P. Martín, Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico, RJB-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain;
e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es
Iuri G. Baseia, Departamento Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte,
Campus Universitário, 59072–970 Natal, RN, Brazil; e-mail: iuri.baseia@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
364
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Ganoderma chocoense
365
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 843 – 14 December 2018
Ganoderma chocoense J.A. Flores, C.W. Barnes, & Ordoñez, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the locality were the species was collected.
Classification — Polyporaceae, Polyporales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata perennial, flattened, 5.5 × 3.8 cm, dimidiate with
thicker base, woody, hard consistency when dry, pileus glabrous, sulcate, opaque, dark brown, covered with cinnamon
coloured basidiospores, distinct cuticle in section of uniform
width throughout the basidiomata, margin of light cream colour,
context woody, 1.4 cm in width, no resin bands. Hymenial surface creamy white when fresh, ochre as it dries, turns darker
upon contact, pores round, 6 per mm, thick wall, tubes dark
brown, 0.4 cm wide, slightly stratified with white mycelium in
the interior of old tubes. Cutis trichoderm. Hyphal system trimitic, generative hyphae yellowish, 1.5 –3 μm wide, thin-walled,
clamp connections present, skeletal hyphae brown, abundant,
thick-walled to solid, up to 7 μm wide, connective hyphae very
thin, hyaline, branched, 1.2 μm wide. Basidia not observed.
Basidiospores double-walled, truncate, yellowish 8.9 –11 ×
4.7– 6.4 μm, Q = 1.7.
Habit & Habitat — Solitary, on decomposing tree trunk.
Typus. ecuador, Esmeraldas province, Chocó Tropical Rainforest, alt.
357 m, July 2012, A. Salazar (holotype QCAM 3123, Fungarium QCAM,
ITS-LSU sequence GenBank MH890527, MycoBank MB827824, TreeBASE
Submission ID 23292).
Notes — Morphologically, the sample belongs to the G. applanatum complex (Gottlieb & Wright 1999). The Neotropical
Polypores key (Ryvarden 2004) indicates G. australe as the
closest species. However, there are some morphological discrepancies, such as the shape and uniform thickness of the
cuticle across the basidiocarp, the thickness of the tubes, the
homogeneous context, lack of resin deposits, and the trimitic
hyphal system in G. chocoense. Phylogenetically, G. chocoense
is distinct from all taxa presently known to occur in the genus,
with the closest species from the megablast search using the full
ITS sequence being G. podocarpense (GenBank MF796661;
100 % Query Coverage, Identities = 544/568 (96 %), 11 gaps
(1 %)). Ganoderma podocarpense was first described as a new
species from Ecuador in 2017 (Crous et al. 2017b). Subsequent
megablast hits are of Ganoderma species from Argentina and
Brazil. The ITS phylogenetic tree of the top 10 megablast hits
for the G. chocoense holotype sequence substantiates that it
is a new species.
The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Maximum
Likelihood plugin PHYML in Geneious R9 (http://www.geneious.
com; Kearse et al. 2012), and the substitution model determined
by jModelTest 2.1.10 (Guindon & Gascuel 2003, Darriba et al.
2012) according to the Corrected Akaike Information Criterion
(AICc). Ganoderma sp. (GenBank AF255195) represents the
outgroup. Bootstrap support values > 80 % are given above
branches. The phylogenetic position of G. chocoense is indicated in bold. The species name is followed by the GenBank
accession number, and when the country of origin was indicated, the three letter United Nations country code, in order
of appearance, is used, namely TWN: Taiwan, VNM: Vietnam,
THA: Thailand, CHN: China, NZL: New Zealand, ECU: Ecuador,
BRA: Brazil, and ARG: Argentina.
Colour illustrations. Ecuador, Chocó Tropical Rainforest; basidiocarps,
basidiospores and skeletal hyphae. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Maria E. Ordoñez & Jorge A. Flores, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador,
Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador; e-mail: meordonez@puce.edu.ec & jafa_90@hotmail.com
Charles W. Barnes, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, Panamericana Sur Km 1,
Sector Cutuglahua, Pichincha, Ecuador; e-mail: cbarnes333b@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
366
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Geosmithia carolliae
367
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 844 – 14 December 2018
Geosmithia carolliae A.O.B. Cunha, A.R. Machado & Souza-Motta, sp. nov.
Etymology. The name refers to the host from which it was isolated, Carollia
perspicillata.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
On MEA, 25 °C, 7 d: Hyphae hyaline, smooth, septate, 2 –7.5
µm wide. Conidiophores hyaline, tall, septate, erect, solitary,
often branched, mono- to quaterverticillate, verrucose, borne
on hyphae, (23.5 –)65 – 80(–104) × 1–1.5 μm. Stipe verrucose,
(10.5 –)26 – 49.5(– 65) × 1–1.5 µm; branch (rami) verrucose,
(10.5 –)13 – 20.5(– 26) × 1–1.5 µm. Metulae verrucose,
(9.5 –)10.5 –11.5(–12.5) × 2 – 2.5 μm. Phialides verrucose,
cylindrical to ellipsoidal, (4 –)6.5 – 8.5 × 1.5 – 2 µm. Conidia
hyaline, cylindrical to ellipsoid, smooth-walled, rounded at both
ends, 4 – 5.5 × 2–2.5 µm; conidial chains up to 53 µm long, not
persistent.
Culture characteristics — Colonies at 25 °C for 7 d. On MEA,
the colonies are plane, dense, velutinous, opaque, ranging from
rose vinaceous to rose greyish; reverse umber to pale brown;
irregular margins, narrow and diffuse, ranging from salmon to
white colours; pigmentation and exudate are absent, growing
up to 50 mm. On CYA, the colonies are similar to MEA, but are
pale vinaceous and the reverse vinaceous brown to dark brown,
growing fast up to 70 mm. On CDA, the colonies are irregular,
centrally filamentous, yeast-like aspect at the borders, umber
to dark brown and margins salmon to white; reverse pale brown
to yellowish; slight yellowish pigmentation around the colony,
exudate absent, growing up to 20 mm. Colonies at 37 °C for
7 d. On MEA and CYA are similar, planes, dense, velutinous to
floccose, opaque, ranging from pale brown to greyish, reverse
umber to dark brown; margins, narrow and diffuse, ranging from
pale vinaceous to buff, pale brown to pale yellow; pigment and
exudate absent, growing up to 0.5 mm. On CDA, the colonies
are similar to CDA at 25 °C, but are white to pale cream and
the reverse umber to dark brown, growing up to 0.6 mm.
Typus. BraZiL, Pernambuco state, Tupanatinga, Catimbau National Park,
Bat cave ‘Meu Rei’, S08°29'14.1" W37°16'48.8", isolated from the bat wing
of Carollia perspicillata, 20 Sept. 2017, A.O.B. Cunha & E. Barbier (holotype
URM 91977, culture ex-type URM 7929, ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences
GenBank MH989506, MH989510 and MH989534, MycoBank MB827978).
smithia sp. living in association with bark beetles in the Mediterranean area (Kolařík et al. 2007). These sequences grouped
together with our sequences in the phylogenetic tree, and here
they are named as G. carolliae. The LSU sequences have
high identities (99 %) to sequences from G. lavendula (e.g.,
GenBank MH867927.1, Vu et al. 2019), amongst other. The
tub2 sequences have G. morbida (GenBank KF853911.1) as
the closest identity (89 %). Geosmithia carolliae is phylogenetic
related and morphologically similar to G. lavendula, but differ
from it by culture characteristics (growth on MEA and CYA at
25 °C up to 35 mm and on CYA at 37 °C up to 12 mm), and by
the size and ramification of conidiophores (200 – 400 × 3 – 3.5
µm), rami (15 – 25 × 3 – 3.5 µm), metulae (12 –15 × 3 – 3.5 µm),
phialides (10 –12 × 2.2 – 2.5 µm) and conidia (4 – 5.5 × 2 – 2.5
µm) (Pitt 1979). Also, G. carolliae differs from G. rufescens by
culture characteristics (growth on MEA at 25 °C up to 30 mm
and on CYA up to 22 mm; no growth at 37 °C), and by the size
and ramification of conidiophores (30–70 µm), rami (15–30 µm
× 2 – 3 µm), metulae (9 –11 × 2 – 2 µm), phialides (8.5 –11.5 ×
2 – 2.5 µm) and conidia (3 – 5 × 1.5 – 2.5 µm) (Kolařík & Kirkendall 2010).
G. langdonii CCF3332
G. langdonii CCF4338
0.93
G. cnesini CCF4292
G. cnesini CCF3753
G. microcorthyli CCF3861
G. obscura CCF3425
0.99
G. obscura CBS 121749
G. eupagioceri CCF3754
1
//
G. fassatiae CCF3334
0.96
G. fassatiae CCF4340
G. morbida CBS 124663
G. flava CCF3640
G. flava CCF 3333
G. rufescens CCF3751
0.98
0.99
Colour illustrations. Carollia perspicillata during collection in the Catimbau
National Park; colony on MEA after 7 d at 25 °C, conidiophores and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
G. rufescens MK1821
G. lavendula NRRL 2146
0.97
0.93
G. lavendula CBS 582.67
URM 7929
URM 7930
URM 7931
0.99
Geosmithia sp. MK1084
Geosmithia carolliae sp. nov.
Geosmithia sp. MK941
Additional material examined. BraZiL, Pernambuco state, Tupanatinga,
Catimbau National Park, Bat cave ‘Meu Rei’, S08°29'14.1" W37°16'48.8",
isolated from the bat wing of Carollia perspicillata, 20 Sept. 2017, A.O.B.
Cunha & E. Barbier, URM 7930 and URM 7931. URM 7930: ITS, LSU and
tub2 sequences GenBank MH989507, MH989511 and MH989535; URM
7931: ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences GenBank MH989508, MH989512 and
MH989536.
Notes — The genus Geosmithia was proposed by Pitt (1979)
to accommodate Penicillium lavendulum and related species.
Since its description, 20 species were included in it according
to Index Fungorum and MycoBank databases (25 Sept. 2018).
BLASTn searches using ITS sequences of G. carolliae demonstrated that they are identical to sequences deposited as Geo-
G. rufescens CCF3752
Geosmithia sp. CCF3658
1
G. putterillii NRRL 2024
G. putterillii CCF3342
0.97
G. proliferans CBS 142636
G. proliferans CBS 142637
0.92
G. brunnea CBS 142634
G. brunnea CBS 142635
0.98
G. brunnea CBS 142633
G. pallida CCF3324
0.99
G. pallida NRRL 2037
Emericellopsis pallida CBS 490.71
0.2
Bayesian inference tree obtained by analysis of ITS rDNA sequences in MrBayes on XSEDE in the CIPRES science gateway
(Miller et al. 2010). The nucleotide substitution model used was
GTR+I+G. Bayesian posterior probability values are indicated at
the nodes. The new species is indicated in bold face. Emericellopsis pallida (CBS 490.71) was used as outgroup.
Aline O.B. Cunha, Alexandre R. Machado & Cristina M. Souza-Motta, Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista,
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: alineobcunha@hotmail.com, alexandrerm.agro@yahoo.com.br & cristina.motta@ufpe.br
Eder Barbier & Enrico Bernard, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: barbier.eder@gmail.com & enricob2@gmail.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
368
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Geosmithia xerotolerans
369
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 845 – 14 December 2018
Geosmithia xerotolerans Rodr.-Andrade, Cano & Stchigel, sp. nov.
Etymology. From Greek ξερός-, dry, and Latin -tolerans, tolerance, due
to the ability of this fungus to grow on culture media with a low water activity.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium composed of hyaline, septate, funiculose hyphae,
2–3 μm wide. Conidiophores borne on vegetative mycelium, determinate, erect, septate, penicillate, bi- to terverticillate, mostly
solitary, sometimes funiculose; stipes hyaline, 25 –155 × 2–3
μm, septate, smooth-walled to verrucose, asymmetrically
branched; primary branch (= rami) cylindrical, 20 – 40 × 2–3
μm, mostly septate, smooth-walled to verrucose; terminal
branch (= metulae) cylindrical, 7–15 × 2 μm, rarely 1-septate,
with smooth to verrucose walls, in whorls of 2 – 3; phialides cylindrical, 8 –10 × 1.5 – 2 μm, abruptly tapering at the apex, with
smooth to verrucose walls, in whorls of 2 – 5. Conidia hyaline,
aseptate, ellipsoid to ovoid, 3 – 4 × 1.5 – 2 μm, rounded at both
ends, smooth-walled, disposed in chains of up to 20 conidia.
Sexual morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on MEA reaching 38–39
mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, slightly elevated, powdery, margins irregular, orange white (5A2; Kornerup & Wanscher 1978)
at centre and white (5A1) at edge, exudates absent, sporulation
abundant; reverse orange (6A6), diffusible pigment absent.
Colonies on CYA reaching 49–51 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C,
slightly elevated, powdery, margins regular, white (4A1) at centre and pale yellow (4A3) at edge, exudates absent, sporulation
abundant; reverse reddish orange (7B7) at centre and pale
orange (6A5) at edge, diffusible pigment absent. Colonies on
CZD 62 – 63 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, cottony, margins
irregular, white (3A1), exudates absent, sporulation abundant;
reverse yellowish white (3A2), diffusible pigment absent. Colonies on YES reaching 62 – 63 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C,
slightly elevated with radial waves, reddish grey (12B2) and
white (4A1), exudates absent, sporulation abundant; reverse
reddish brown (9E7) at centre and orange (6A6) at edge, diffusible pigment absent. This fungus grows on culture media
with a low water activity (on DG18 after 2 wk at 25 °C, 10 –12
mm diam; on G25N in the same conditions, 27– 29 mm diam;
on MY70S, 39 – 40 mm diam; and on MEA with 30, 40 and
50 % (glucose 50 % / fructose 50 %), 23 – 24 mm diam, 18 –19
mm diam and 12 –13 mm diam, respectively). In these culture
media the fungal sporulation is abundant. Minimum, optimal
and maximum temperature of growth: 15 °C, 25 °C and 35 °C,
respectively.
Typus. SPain, Tarragona province, Els Pallaresos, isolated from a darkened wall of a house, 19 Apr. 2018, J. Cano & A.M. Stchigel (holotype CBS
H-23734, cultures ex-type FMR 17085 = CBS 144969; BenA, EF1-α, ITS and
LSU sequences GenBank LS998791, LS998792, LS998789 and LS998790;
MycoBank MB827825).
Notes — Geosmithia xerotolerans was recovered from the
surface of a darkened house wall taken in Els Pallaresos, Tarragona province, Spain. The genus Geosmithia was erected
to accommodate species previously placed in Penicillium, with
the following differentiable combination of characters: colonies
in colours other than greyish blue or greyish green, penicillate
and roughened conidiophores, with both phialides and conidia
cylindrical (Pitt 1979). Based on a megablast search of NCBIs
GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hit using the ITS
sequence is the ex-type strain of Geosmithia cnesini MK 1820
(GenBank AM947671; Identities = 965 / 978 (99 %), 1 gap
(0 %)); using the LSU sequence it was Geosmithia microcorthyli
CCF3861 (GenBank MG954241; Identities = 809/815 (99 %),
no gaps); using the EF1-α sequence, it was Geosmithia omnicola CNR8 (GenBank KR135476; Identities = 238/280 (85 %),
13 gaps (4 %)); and using the BenA sequence it matched with
Geosmithia omnicola CNR43 (GenBank KP990575; Identities
= 429/460 (93 %), 9 gaps (1 %)). Our ITS-BenA-EF-α phylogenetic tree corroborated the placement of our isolate as a
new species of Geosmithia, being phylogenetically close to
Geosmithia omnicola.
Geosmithia eupagioceri CCF 3754 T
- / 70
Geosmithia obscura CCF 3422 T
Geosmithia microcorthyli CCF 3861 T
Geosmithia omnicola CCF 3553
Geosmithia xerotolerans CBS 144969 T
0.96 / 92
- / 92
Geosmithia ulmacea CCF 3559
Geosmithia cnesini CCF 3753
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the ITS-BenA-EF-α
alignment of our isolate and sequences retrieved from GenBank. The tree was built by using RAxML CIPRES (http://www.
phylo.org/sub_sections/portal/) and the analysis of probability
was run in MrBayes v. 3.2.1 (Huelsenbeck & Ronquist 2001).
Bootstrap support values ≥ 70 % and Bayesian posterior probability values ≥ 0.95 are presented at the nodes. Talaromyces
viridulus CBS 252.87 was used as outgroup. The new species
proposed in this study is indicated in bold. T represents the
ex-type strain of the novel species.
Geosmithia flava CCF 3333 T
- / 74
Geosmithia morbida CBS 124664 T
Geosmithia fassatiae CCF 3334 T
0.98 / 95
Geosmithia langdonii CCF 3332 T
Geosmithia pallida NRRL 2037 T
1 / 99
Geosmithia brunnea CBS 142633 T
- / 77
Geosmithia proliferans CBS 142636 T
1/-
Geosmithia putterillii NRRL 2024 T
Geosmithia rufescens CCF 3751 T
0.06
Colour illustrations. Darkened wall in Els Pallaresos, Tarragona province,
Spain; colonies growing on different culture media (MEA, CYA, CZD and YES
at 25 ºC) and conidiophores. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Geosmithia lavendula NRRL 2146 T
Talaromyces viridulus CBS 252.87 T
Ernesto Rodríguez-Andrade, José F. Cano-Lira & Alberto M. Stchigel, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV,
Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain;
e-mail: dc.ernesto.roan@outlook.com, jose.cano@urv.cat & albertomiguel.stchigel@urv.cat
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
370
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Henningsia resupinata
371
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 846 – 14 December 2018
Henningsia resupinata A.M.S. Soares & Ryvarden, sp. nov.
Etymology. (L.) resupinata, bent, referring to the shape of the basidiomata.
Classification — Meripilaceae, Polyporales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata annual, resupinate, 2 – 4 cm wide and long and
1 mm thick, adnate, fleshy and white when fresh (2B) becoming
distinct rusty red when bruised after collecting, hard and fragile
and black when dry (black 37) (Watling 1969), pores irregular,
about 1–2 mm in the sloping substrate, in other parts of the holotype more regular and 4 – 5 pores per mm, tubes concolorous
with the pore surface. Context almost absent, dense and black
when dry (37). Hyphal system monomitic; generative hyphae
with simple septa, hyaline to pale yellow, thin-walled, 3 – 6 µm
wide. Gloeoplerous hyphae and cystidia absent. Basidia not
seen. Basidiospores 4 – 5 µm diam, globose to subglobose,
smooth, thin-walled, IKI-.
Typus. BraZiL, Amapá, Porto Grande, Serra da Capivara, on dead wood,
2014, A. Soares 2014-49 (holotype URM, isotype O, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MG255826, MycoBank MB823555).
Colour illustrations. Environment where the type specimen was collected
in Porto Grande, Serra da Capivara, Amapá, Brazil; Henningsia resupinata
fresh basidiomata (top), dried basidioma, generative hyphae and basidiospores (bottom). Scale bars = 2 cm (basidiomata), 20 µm (generative
hyphae), 10 µm (basidiospores).
Notes — The black basidiomata when dry, the simple septate
hyphae and the globose to subglobose basidiospores clearly
place this species in Henningsia where all species share the
same colour and simple septate generative hyphae. Henningsia
resupinata can be separated from the other species of the
genus by the resupinate basidiomata. Henningsia macrospora
is another species also found in Brazil and also has a black
basidioma when dry, but it is separated by the pileate basidiomata with numerous gloeoplerous hyphae in the context and
the larger, subglobose to ellipsoid basidiospores (6 –7 × 4.5 – 5
µm) (Gibertoni & Ryvarden 2014). In the phylogenetic tree,
H. resupinata clustered with low support with Physisporinus
sp. (47 %/0.68) collected in Indonesia and it is distantly related
to P. sanguinolentus (KHL_11913) collected in Norway. Physisporinus sanguinolentus is similar by the white basidiomata
when fresh and becoming bright rusty red when bruised or
greyish to blackish on drying. However, the pores in P. sanguinolentus are smaller (8 –10 per mm) and the basidiospores
are larger and ovoid to subglobose (6 –7 × 5 – 6 µm). Besides,
P. sanguinolentus has fusoid cystidioles (15 – 27 × 5 – 6 µm)
which are lacking in the new species (Ryvarden & Gilbertson
1994). There is no molecular data regarding Henningsia, and,
for the time being, the new species will be kept in this genus
due its morphological characters. Moreover, Henningsia is a
Neotropical genus and the type species is from Brazil, while
Physisporinus occurs mostly in Europe.
Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree inferred from ITS+LSU
sequences performed with RAxML v. 7.0.4 (Stamatakis 2006).
Bayesian analysis (BY) was performed with MrBayes v. 3.2.1
software (Ronquist et al. 2012) for 5 M generations with four
Markov chains, and trees sampled every 1 000 generations,
similar topology was obtained (not shown). Bootstrap support
values (1 000 replicates) and posterior probabilities (PP) from
Bayesian analysis to each node are shown from left to right. The
new species described in this study is in bold face. Sebipora
aquosa represents the outgroup. The alignment is deposited
in TreeBASE (ID 22819).
Adriene M. Soares & Tatiana B. Gibertoni, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,
Avenida da Engenharia, S/N - Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil;
e-mail: adriene_soares@yahoo.com.br & tbgibertoni@hotmail.com
Leif Ryvarden, University of Oslo, Department of Botany, P.O. Box 1045, Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway; e-mail: leif.ryvarden@bio.uio.no
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
372
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Inocybe roseascens
373
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 847 – 14 December 2018
Inocybe roseascens Bizio, Bahram, Tedersoo, Orzes & Saitta, sp. nov.
Etymology. Refers to the colour of the pileus and stipe.
Classification — Inocybaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Pileus up to 40 mm, widely campanulate, then convex to plane,
with central umbo, obtuse and irregular profile, with sulcatedcracked margin. Cuticle fibrillose-rimose, slightly chappedsquamulose, more cracked at the centre; colour yellowish to
bread crust (Munsell 7.5YR: 8/6, 7/8; 10YR: 7/8; 2.5Y: 7/8),
then pinkish, old-pink to orange-fulvous and reddish bronze all
over the basidioma (Munsell 2.5YR: 6/8; 5YR: 7/8; 7.5YR: 7/8;
10YR: 7/8). Cortina white, observed in early stages. Lamellae
close, thick, colour very light (Munsell 2.5Y: 8/3-4), then ochraceous, olivaceous (Munsell 2.5Y: 7/6) to rust-concolorous (Munsell 2.5Y: 7/8), white floccose edge, crenulated. Stipe 40 – 50
× 3 –7 mm cylindrical, pruinose on the upper part, first whitish
to straw coloured (Munsell 2.5Y: 8/3-4), then grey to grey-rose
pale, concolorous with pileus; covered with coarse, long, and
whitish fibrils. Flesh white, firm, red staining absent, smell absent. Basidiospores (7.5–)8.2–10(–10.7) × (5–)5.3–6.2(–6.6)
µm, Q = (1.2–)1.3–1.5(–1.7), smooth, subamygdaliformis, with
small soprapicular depression and variable apex, obtuse to subconic and rarely conic-papillate; germinative pore sometimes
visible. Basidia 35 – 40 × 9 –12 µm, tetrasporic. Paracystidia
not observed. Hymenial cystidia 50–85 × 10–15 µm cylindrical
or slightly clavate, clavate-subutriformis, sinuose, subcapitate
to capitate, not lageniforme; wall 0.5 –1(– 2) µm thick, without
oxalate crystals calcium or rarely present; NH3-. Caulocystidia
only in the upper part of the stipe, (1/4), 100 × 10 µm, flexuose,
subcylindrical, catenulate.
turns to orange-red, concolorous to the external surface (Alessio
& Rebaudengo 1980). Because the flesh of I. roseascens does
not change colour when damaged, and the absence of smell, it
cannot be placed in the section Lactiferae, and it most likely belongs to the supersection Cortinatae (Boursier & Kühner 1928).
Species in Cortinatae have a cortina at young states, and a stipe
that is slightly pruinose at the apex only, or not at all.
Based on our molecular analysis, the closest species to I. roseascens is I. melanopus, a species described from Northern
America and well known in Europe (Kuyper 1986, Stangl 1989,
Bon 1997, Alpago Novello 2006, Bizio 2012). Inocybe melanopus was first described by Stuntz as I. melanopoda (Stuntz
1954), as cited in Index Fungorum. However, it is universally
accepted with the orthographic variant I. melanopus. Inocybe
melanopus is not a reddening species, with stipe dark brown to
blackish, pileic surface lanose feltrate, ochraceous to beige with
infrequent cystidia, cylindrical-fusiform, caulocystidia absent.
In I. roseascens, the stipe is never blackish.
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Typus. itaLy, Veneto, Agordo, loc. Campon, N46.30010 E12.05280,
1 300 m asl, mixed forest of Picea abies and Corylus avellana, 2015, R. Orzes
(holotype MCVE29329, ITS-LSU sequence GenBank MG210671; ibid., 2015,
E. Bizio, paratype TU124466, ITS-LSU sequence GenBank MG210672,
MycoBank MB823058).
Notes — Only two Inocybe species with smooth spores,
I. whitei and I. godeyi, have both metuloid cystidia and a reddening surface, as in the new species proposed here. The basidiomata of I. roseascens are at first yellow-ochre, which gradually
turn reddish, but this is not the case in its odourless flesh. Based
on a morpho-chromatic point of view, I. roseascens is close to
the group of I. withei, because of its partially cystidiate stipe
and the absence of basal bulb. Inocybe godeyi has ochre to
orange-fulvous-red, brick-pink or rarely red carmine sporocarps,
and it belongs to the supersection Marginatae because of its
fully cystidiate stipe and marginate basal bulb. Our phylogenetic
analysis showed that I. godeyi is closer to I. roseascens than
I. whitei. The flesh of I. godeyi is white when cut and it quickly
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The data matrix was aligned in MAFFT v. 7 (Katoh & Standley
2013). A phylogeny was constructed under maximum likelihood
(ML), and ML bootstrap support values (100 replicates) were
obtained as implemented in RAxML Blackbox (http://embnet.
vital-it.ch/raxml-bb/) with the default settings. The alignment
and tree are deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 22854).
Colour illustrations. Campon, Agordo, Italy, mixed forest of Picea abies
and Corylus avellana; Inocybe roseascens, basidiomata in habitat, basidiospores, hymenial cystidia caulocystidioid.
Enrico Bizio, Società Veneziana di Micologia, S. Croce 1730, 30135, Venezia, Italy; e-mail: enrico.bizio@gmail.com
Mohammad Bahram, Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 40 Lai St., 51005 Tartu, Estonia;
Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden;
e-mail: bahram@ut.ee
Leho Tedersoo, Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 40 Lai St., 51005 Tartu, Estonia;
e-mail: leho.tedersoo@ut.ee
Renata Orzes, Gruppo Micologico Bresadola di Belluno, Via Bries 25, Agordo, 32021, Italy; e-mail: renataluigi@alice.it
Alessandro Saitta, Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, 90128, Italy;
e-mail: alessandro.saitta@unipa.it
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
374
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Kwoniella endophytica
375
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 848 – 14 December 2018
Kwoniella endophytica A.M. Glushakova & Kachalkin, sp. nov
Etymology. Name refers to the original endophytic isolations from different
fruit tissues.
Classification — Cryptococcaceae, Tremellales, Tremellomycetes.
On potato dextrose agar (PDA) and 2 % glucose yeast nitrogen
base agar (YNB), after 7 d at 22 °C, streak is white, butyrous,
smooth surface and an entire straight margin. Cells are subglobose to globose, 5 – 6 × 4 – 5 μm, occur singly, in pairs and
in clusters, divide by multilateral budding, cells with one or two
buds. On glucose peptone yeast extract agar (GPYA), after 7 d
at 22 °C, streak colonies are cream, cells are mostly globose,
5 –7 × 5 – 6 μm, occur singly and in pairs, divide by multilateral
budding, budding is single. Pseudohyphae, ballistoconidia and
sexual structures have not been observed during 1– 2 wk in
culture (pure cultures and in mating test) grown on YNB agar,
GPYA, PDA and cornmeal agar. Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, D-ribose, D-xylose, L-arabinose, D-arabinose,
L-rhamnose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, cellobiose, lactose,
raffinose, melezitose, inulin (variable), soluble starch (variable),
glycerol, ribitol, D-glucitol, D-mannitol, galactitol, myo-inositol,
ethanol, 2-keto-D-gluconate, 5-keto-D-gluconate, D-gluconate,
D-glucoronate, DL-lactic acid (weak) and succinic acid are
assimilated; no growth occurs on L-sorbose, D-glucosamine,
methyl alpha-D-glucoside, salicin, arbutin, melibiose, erythritol,
methanol, citric acid, propane-1,2-diol, butane-2,3-diol and hexadecane. Nitrogen compounds: ammonium sulfate, potassium
nitrate (variable), L-lysine are assimilated. Growth on vitaminfree medium, on 50 % w/w glucose / yeast extract (0.5 %) agar
is positive. Growth is absent with 0.01 % cycloheximide, on YM
agar with 10 % NaCl. Positive result for the Diazonium blue
B reaction and for urease activity. Starch-like compounds are
produced. Maximum growth temperature is 31– 32 °C.
Typus. ruSSia, Moscow, Kuskovo from the hypanthium of pear fruit (Pyrus
communis), Aug. 2015, A.M. Glushakova (holotype OK21, ex-type cultures
KBP Y-5323 = VKM Y-3035 = DSM 106749 = CBS 15359, SSU, ITS-D1/D2
domains of LSU nrDNA, TEF1 and RPB1 sequences GenBank MH237944,
MH237945, LS992196 and LS992197, MycoBank MB825499).
Additional specimens examined. ruSSia, Moscow region, Lobnya, from
the hypanthium of apple (Malus communis), Aug. 2015, A.M. Glushakova,
KBP Y-5326; Moscow, Rublevo, from the hypanthium of pear fruit (Pyrus
communis), Aug. 2015 and Sept. 2015, A.M. Glushakova, KBP Y-5327 and
KBP Y-5328; Moscow, Rublevo, from the hypanthium of cherry (Cerasus
sp.), Sept. 2015, A.M. Glushakova, KBP Y-5329; Moscow, Kuskovo, from the
hypanthium of pear fruit (Pyrus communis), Sept. 2015, A.M. Glushakova,
KBP Y-5330 and KBP Y-5331; Moscow, Karacharovo, from the hypanthium
of apple (Malus communis), June 2015, A.M. Glushakova, KBP Y-5332, ITS
sequences GenBank MH337639 – MH337645.
Notes — Analysis of the ITS region of the surveyed yeasts
suggested that they were conspecific and represented a hitherto
undescribed species of Kwoniella. Based on NCBIs GenBank
database, the best hit using the ITS sequence is K. botswanensis CBS 12716, GenBank NR_119822 (96 %, 10 subst. and
7 gaps), using LSU it is K. dendrophila CBS 6074, GenBank
NG_058326 (98 %, 12 subst.), using SSU it is K. mangrovensis
CBS 8507, GenBank KF036681 (99 %, 10 subst.), K. shivajii
CBS 11374, GenBank KF036652 (99 %, 9 subst. and 1 gap),
using TEF1 it is K. dendrophila CBS 6074, GenBank FJ534856
(95 %, 15 subst.), and using RPB1 it is K. dendrophila CBS 6074,
GenBank KF036320 (82 %, 147 subst.). In compliance with a
recent revision of the genus (Liu et al. 2015), the phylogenetic
placement of the new species is demonstrated using the LSU
rDNA phylogeny. No growth on L-sorbose, methyl alphaD-glucoside, salicin, citric acid, methanol, YM agar with 10 %
NaCl and growth on DL-lactic acid, 50 % w/w glucose / yeast
extract (0.5 %) agar are good physiological tests for the distinction of the new species from the phylogenetically closely related
species of the genus.
FJ534903 K. bestiolae CBS 10118
AF444742 K. mangrovensis CBS 8507
AY167602 K. europaea CBS 12714
HF545769 K. botswanensis CBS 12716
91
AY917102 K. dejecticola CBS 10117
EF672245 K. pini CBS 10737
KJ410152 Kwoniella sp. SU31.1.1
AF189870 K. dendrophila CBS 6074
96
MH237945 K. endophytica CBS 15359
KY108204 K. shivajii CBS 11374
60
HG421441 Cryptococcus sp. DSM 27419
0.05
82
GU585738 Cryptococcus sp. CBS 9459
83
100
63
AF075467 K. heveanensis CBS 569
GU585739 Cryptococcus sp. CBS 6097
KM408127 K. newhampshirensis CBS 13917
82
75
JN160602 K. shandongensis CBS 12478
AF105391 Cr. amylolentus CBS 6039
99
84
FJ534909 Cr. neoformans CBS 8710
JN939485 Cr. bacillisporus CBS 6955
AF189868 P. pseudofoliacea CBS 6969
AF189833 A. porosum CBS 2040
Maximum likelihood (ML) tree obtained from the analysis of
LSU sequence data. Bootstrap support values above 55 %
are shown at the nodes. The alignment included 455 bp and
was performed with MAFFT v. 7. The General Time Reversible
model (GTR) with Gamma distribution and invariant sites (G+I)
was used as the best nucleotide substitution model. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted in MEGA v. 6.
Colour illustrations. Russia, Moscow, pear fruits on tree; growth of yeast
colonies on YNB agar, morphology of cells on YNB agar and GPYA (after
7 d at 22 °C). Scale bars = 10 μm.
Anna M. Glushakova, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; e-mail: glushakova.anya@yandex.ru
Aleksey V. Kachalkin, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms,
G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms RAS, Pushchino, Russia; e-mail: kachalkin_a@mail.ru
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
376
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Lareunionomyces loeiensis
377
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 849 – 14 December 2018
Lareunionomyces loeiensis Pinruan, Nuankaew & P. Khamsuntorn, sp. nov.
Etymology. Refers to the location where the fungus was collected, Loei
province, Thailand.
Classification — Neolauriomycetaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Conidiophores solitary, erect, dark brown, thick-walled, smooth,
straight, subcylindrical, unbranched, 2–3-septate, 90–150(–165)
× 5 – 6.5 µm, base lacking rhizoids. Penicillate conidiogenous
apparatus brown to pale brown, smooth; primary branches
brown, smooth, aseptate, subcylindrical to clavate, 6 – 8 ×
3 – 6.5 µm, giving rise to 6 – 8 secondary branches; secondary
branches pale brown, subcylindrical to clavate, 6 –7.5 × 3–4
µm; tertiary branches pale brown, 4 – 5 × 2 – 3 µm, giving rise
to several conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells subcylindrical, pale brown, 12 –14 × 1.5 – 2 µm. Conidia aggregating
in mucoid mass, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical,
aseptate, apex and base truncate, 4.5 – 5.5 × 1.5 – 2.5 µm, in
long chains.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA reaching up to
5 cm diam after 4 wk at 25 °C, with spreading, smooth surface;
margins smooth, sparse aerial mycelium, surface pale brown to
cream, reverse pale brown. Sporulation on PDA after incubation
at 25 °C for 30 d.
Typus. thaiLand, Loei, on leaves of unknown tree, 12 Feb. 2017, P. Khamsuntorn (holotype BBH 43483, culture ex-holotype BCC 84473 ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MK047459.1 and MK047509.1, culture ex-isotype BCC
84472, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK047460.1 and MK047510.1,
MycoBank MB827980).
Notes — The genus Lareunionomyces was established by
Crous et al. (2016b), with L. syzygii as the type species. Lareunionomyces loeiensis is designated as a new species based
on both morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses. Lareunionomyces loeiensis is similar to L. syzygii and
L. eucalypti, but distinct from them in that it has conidia aggregating in longer chains that form a mucoid spore mass. Conidiophores are longer than those of L. syzygii (50 –100 × 5–8
µm) and similar to those of L. eucalypti (60 –160 × 5 – 6 µm)
but up to 3-septate only while other are 2 –7-septate. Conidia
of L. loeiensis are slightly wider than those species, the apex
and base are truncate, and occur in long chains.
Infundichalara microchona CBS 175.74 NR 154074.1
CPC 32623 MH327805.1
100
Neolauriomyces eucalypti
CPC 32613 MH327806.1
100
Lareunionomyces eucalypti CPC 32621 MH327804.1
83
80
Lareunionomyces syzygii CPC 26531 KX228287.1
BCC 84473
Lareunionomyces loeiensis
100
BCC 84472
10
Single most parsimonious tree obtained from the ITS alignment
using PAUP v. 4.0b10 (Swofford 2003; seven sequences including the outgroup, 518 included characters of which 28 were
parsimony-informative). The tree was rooted with Infundichalara microchona (GenBank NR_154074.1). The novel species
described here is indicated in bold italic text. The scale bar
represents the number of changes and parsimony bootstrap
support values > 50 % from 1 000 replicates are indicated at
the nodes.
Colour illustrations. Leaf litter in Thailand (background photo); fungus
growing on the substrate (scale bar = 100 µm), conidiophores (50 and 25
µm), conidiogenous head with phialides (10 µm), conidia (10 µm), colonies
on PDA after 3 wk; (left) above (right) and below, conidiophores in culture
from sporulating colony (50 µm).
Umpawa Pinruan & Phongswat Khamsuntorn, Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory,
National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park,
Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; e-mail: umpawa.pin@biotec.or.th & phongswat.kha@ncr.nstda.or.th
Salilaporn Nuankaew, Fungal Biodiversity Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park,
Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; e-mail: salilaporn.nua@biotec.or.th
Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: e.groenewald@westerdijkinstitute.nl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
378
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Lasiosphaeria miniovina
379
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 850 – 14 December 2018
Lasiosphaeria miniovina A.N. Mill. & Huhndorf, sp. nov.
Etymology. The specific epithet refers to this species resembling a smaller
version of L. ovina.
Classification — Lasiosphaeriaceae, Sordariales, Sordariomycetes.
Ascomata ampulliform to ovoid, papillate, 200 – 250 µm diam,
200 – 350 µm high, numerous, scattered to gregarious, superficial; young ascomata tomentose, white, tomentum becoming
tightly appressed, crust-like and cream to waxy and brownish
grey with age, areolate, finally tomentum wearing away and
ascomata becoming black and glabrous; neck conical, glabrous, black. Ascomatal wall of textura angularis in surface
view, in longitudinal section 3-layered, 20 – 40 µm thick, inner
layer pseudoparenchymatous, 5–8 µm thick, composed of 3–5
layers of elongate, flattened, pale brown cells, middle layer
pseudoparenchymatous, 10 –16 µm thick, composed of 3 – 5
layers of polygonal to angular, pale brown cells, outer layer
prosenchymatous, 5 –16 µm thick, composed of several to few
layers of hyphae depending on age of ascomata, hyphae 1–2.5
µm wide, hyaline to pale brown, septate, thin-walled. Ascomatal
apex with periphyses. Centrum with yellow pigments that quickly
diffuse in water. Paraphyses filiform, 2 – 5 µm wide, longer than
asci, hyaline, numerous, septate, unbranched, persistent. Asci
cylindrical, 85–130 × 8–14 µm, stipitate, stipe 24–46 × 2.5–4.5
µm, numerous, unitunicate, thin-walled, apex truncate; ring
narrow, shallow, refractive; subapical globule smooth, 2 – 4 µm
wide; with 8 bi- to triseriate ascospores. Ascospores cylindrical, ends rounded, 22 – 33 × 2.5 – 4.5 µm (av. 28 ± 2.5 × 3.5 ±
0.5), straight when first produced, hyaline, aseptate, without
appendages; becoming sigmoid to geniculate, 1-septate, after
liberation from the ascus head slightly swelling up to 5.5 µm
wide, remaining hyaline, rarely becoming up to 7-septate with
age, hyaline to yellowish, occasionally producing phialides
directly from the ascospores.
Habitat — Decayed wood in a tropical forest.
Distribution — Known only from Costa Rica.
Typus. coSta rica, San Jose, San Gerardo de Dota, Albergue de Montage, Savergre, Sendero la Quebrada, on 10 cm branch with loose bark,
N9.33 W83.48, 701 m elev., 12 May 1996, S.M. Huhndorf & F.A. Fernandez
(holotype SMH 2392 (F), isotype at ILLS, ITS-LSU sequence GenBank
MH700179, MycoBank MB827965).
Notes — Lasiosphaeria miniovina possesses the typical
characters known for the genus: tomentose ascomata containing yellow centrum pigments (Miller & Huhndorf 2004a, b). This
species can be distinguished by its small whitish ascomata,
presence of a distinct ascal subapical globule, and short cylindrical ascospores that lack appendages and produce swollen
heads with age. It has ascomata, asci and ascospores resembling L. ovina, but all characters are about half the size as those
found in L. ovina. Lasiosphaeria ovina has ascospores with
appendages but the ascospores never form a swollen head,
whereas L. miniovina has ascospores that lack appendages
and that form a swollen head with age. Lasiosphaeria miniovina is only known from Costa Rica, whereas L. ovina occurs
widespread throughout north temperate regions, although it
has been reported once from Costa Rica (as Lasiosphaeria
chrysentera; Miller & Huhndorf 2004b). Lasiosphaeria lanuginosa occurs in Costa Rica and was collected at the same time
(GenBank AY587916) as L. miniovina, but it differs in having
longer ascospores (33–60 vs 22–33 µm) and ascospores with
long, lash-like appendages.
94
Lasiosphaeria ovina AY587929
Lasiosphaeria ovina AY587926
82
Lasiosphaeria lanuginosa AY587916
90
Lasiosphaeria sorbina AY587934
Lasiosphaeria sorbina AY587935
100
95
Lasiosphaeria similisorbina MF806376
Lasiosphaeria similisorbina MF806377
Lasiosphaeria miniovina MH700179
100 Lasiosphaeria glabrata AY587914
Lasiosphaeria glabrata AY587915
Lasiosphaeria rugulosa AY587932
0.02
Lasiosphaeria rugulosa AY587933
Maximum likelihood tree generated using PhyML in Seaview
v. 4.5.4 (Gouy et al. 2010). Lasiosphaeria miniovina is in bold.
Numbers above branches refer to bootstrap support values.
GenBank accession numbers for the ITS region are given after
taxon names.
Colour illustrations. Background photo of typical tropical forest in Costa
Rica; ascomata, longitudinal section through ascoma, longitudinal section
through ascomal neck, longitudinal section through ascomal wall, ascus,
paraphyses, ascospores and ascospore with swollen head. Scale bars = 500
µm (ascomata), 100 µm (ascomal sections), 10 µm (all others). Photos:
Andrew N. Miller, Sabine M. Huhndorf, Gregory M. Mueller.
Andrew N. Miller, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign,
Illinois, 61820, USA; e-mail: amiller7@illinois.edu
Sabine M. Huhndorf, The Field Museum, Department of Botany, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago,
Illinois, 60605-2496, USA; email: shuhndorf@fieldmuseum.org
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
380
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Neocochlearomyces chromolaenae
Fungal Planet description sheets
381
Fungal Planet 851 – 14 December 2018
Neocochlearomyces Pinruan, Sommai, Suetrong, J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Refers to its morphological similarity to Cochlearomyces.
Classification — Muyocopronaceae, Muyocopronales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium partly superficial and partly immersed, pale brown,
smooth. Conidiophores solitary, macronematous, mononematous, subcylindrical, septate, erect, straight, brown, smooth,
thick-walled, with basal rhizoids; stalk forming an apical fanlike conidiogenous region consisting of radiating brown, warty,
septate, tightly aggregated cylindrical arms, with acute terminal
cells. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary on the one
side of the swollen fan-like structure; loci inconspicuous, phialidic. Conidia falcate, aseptate, equilateral, with convex and
flat plane, both ends obtuse to subobtusely rounded, hyaline,
smooth-walled, guttulate, with a single, filiform, unbranched
setula at each end on the inner straight plane, forming a slimy
spore mass.
Type species. Neocochlearomyces chromolaenae Pinruan, Sommai,
Suetrong, J.Z. Groenew. & Crous.
MycoBank MB828085.
Neocochlearomyces chromolaenae Pinruan, Sommai, Suetrong, J.Z. Groenew. &
Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects the genus from which it was isolated, Chromolaena.
Conidiophores solitary, macronematous, mononematous, subcylindrical, unbranched, with 6 – 8 thickened transverse septa,
erect, straight, brown, smooth, thick-walled, tapering slightly
towards the apex, 7.5 –12.5 µm diam at base, (90 –)100 –170
(– 226) µm long, 3.5 – 5 µm diam at the apex, with basal
rhizoids; stalk forming an apical fan-like conidiogenous region,
37.5 – 62.5 × 20 – 42.5 µm, consisting of radiating brown, warty,
3 – 5-septate, tightly aggregated cylindrical arms, with acute
terminal cells. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary on
the one side of the swollen fan-like structure; loci inconspicuous,
phialidic. Conidia 1.5 – 2.5 × 8.5 –12.5 µm, falcate, aseptate,
equilateral, with convex and flat plane, both ends obtuse to
subobtusely rounded, hyaline, smooth-walled, guttulate, with
a single, filiform, unbranched setula at each end, 3.8 – 5 µm
long, on the inner straight plane, aggregating in mucoid droplet.
Sexual morph unknown.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA reaching 1.5 cm
diam after 3 wk at 25 °C, effuse or punctiform, margins feathery,
surface dark brown to black, reverse black. Fertile on PDA after
incubation at 25 °C for 27 d.
Notes — Morphologically Neocochlearomyces differs from
other known genera of hyphomycetes, being morphologically
closest to Cochlearomyces (Crous et al. 2017b). It can easily
be distinguished from the latter, however, as Cochlearomyces
has synnemata with the swollen spoon-shaped conidiogenous
region situated a third below the apex, and has conidia that are
cylindrical, lacking setulae.
Typus. thaiLand, Nakhon Ratchasima, on leaves of Chromolaena odorata,
25 Sept. 2013, U. Pinruan (holotype BBH 41327, isotypes BBH 41328, 41329,
culture ex-holotype BCC 68250, cultures ex-isotypes BCC 68251, 68252,
ITS, LSU, SSU and tef1 sequences GenBank MK047464.1– MK047466.1,
MK047514.1– MK047516.1, MK047552.1– MK047554.1 and MK047573.1–
MK047575.1, MycoBank MB828926).
Colour illustrations. Chromolaena odorata in Nakhon Ratchasima
province; fungus growing on host substrate; erect conidiophores, conidia,
germinating conidium, colonies on PDA after 3 wk surface (left), and reverse
(right). Scale bars morphological structures = 20 µm, Petri dishes = 1 mm.
Umpawa Pinruan, Phongswat Khamsuntorn & Sujinda Sommai, Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering
and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
e-mail: umpawa.pin@biotec.or.th, phongswat.kha@ncr.nstda.or.th & sujinda.som@biotec.or.th
Salilaporn Nuankaew & Satinee Suetrong, Fungal Biodiversity Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC),
113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
e-mail: salilaporn.nua@biotec.or.th & satinee.sue@biotec.or.th
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
382
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Ophiocordyceps houaynhangensis
383
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 852 – 14 December 2018
Ophiocordyceps houaynhangensis Keochanpheng, Thanakitp., Mongkols. &
Luangsa-ard, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the place where the species was found – Houay
Nhang Conservation Forest, Vientiane Province, Laos.
Classification — Ophiocordycipitaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Stroma solitary, up to 11 cm long and 1.5 – 2.5 mm in width,
cylindrical, cream; stipe simple. Rhizoids flexuous, arising from
the head of Coleoptera larva, c. 2 – 6 cm long buried under the
ground. Fertile part distinctly subterminal with asexual state at
apex. Ascomata subterminal, cylindrical, pale yellow-brown with
dark brown ostioles, 10 – 30 mm long, 2 – 3 mm in width. Perithecia completely immersed, obclavate, (300–)443–360(–450)
× (80 –)94 –140(–170) µm. Asci cylindrical, (100 –)115 – 207
(–250) × 4–5(–7.5) µm. Ascospores hyaline, cylindrical, breaking into 32 small truncate part-spores, (4 –)5(–7) × 1– 2 µm.
Asexual morph terminal, whitish to pale yellow, up to 10 mm
long, 0.5 –1 mm in width. Conidiogenous cells monophialidic,
phialides flask-shaped with long necks, up to 30 µm long and
2 – 4 µm in width; phialide necks up to 18 μm long and 0.5 µm
in width. Conidia hyaline, smooth, spherical, 2 – 3 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies developed from germinating ascospores. The ascospores germinated within 24 h
on PDA. Colonies on PDA moderately growing, c. 1 cm diam
in 21 d at 25 °C. Colonies white, reverse pale brown. Asexual
morph hirsutella-like, observed in some strains. Conidiogenous
cells monophialidic, phialides (15 –)18 – 26(– 34) × 3 – 5 µm,
necks present, (7–)9 –16(– 21) × 0.5 µm. Conidia, hyaline,
smooth, spherical, 3 – 5 µm.
Typus. LaoS, Vientiane Prov., Ban Danxang district, N18°05'28" E102°40'34",
on Coleoptera larva, buried in soil, 31 Aug. 2016, P. Nupason, K. Keochanpheng, JJ. Luangsa-ard, S. Mongkolsamrit, W. Noisripoom & D. Thanakitpipattana (holotype BBH43166, culture ex-type TBRC8428, ITS, LSU and
tef1 sequences GenBank MH092891, MH092902 and MH092894, MycoBank
MB825000).
Notes — Ophiocordyceps houaynhangensis produces ascomata on the subterminal part of the stroma, while the asexual
morph is on the apex of the stroma, a feature reminiscent of
O. brunneipunctata and O. stylophora. Their hosts are coleopteran larvae that can be found buried in soil. Ophiocordyceps
brunneipunctata can be found throughout Thailand (Luangsaard et al. 2008) and Laos (our surveys and observation) while
Ophiocordyceps stylophora is a rare species that was reported
from North America (South Carolina; Minnessota) and China
(Chachuła et al. 2011). Our phylogenetic analyses and morphological assessment support the placement of O. houaynhangensis in Ophiocordycipitaceae (Sung et al. 2007). Based on
its micro-morphological characters, O. houaynhangensis more
closely resembles O. brunneipunctata in the size of its partspores that range from 4 – 6 × 1–1.5 µm (Hywel-Jones 1995,
Evans et al. 2018), while O. stylophora produces whole ascospores, 102 –164 × 2 – 3 µm (Mains 1958). However, O. houaynhangensis differs significantly from O. brunneipunctata in
the size of perithecia and colour of its stroma as well as in the
length of the phialides. In O. houaynhangensis the perithecia
are longer than those reported for O. brunneipunctata (270–335
µm long) by Hywel-Jones (1995), and the stromata are pale
yellow-brown with brown ostioles. In O. brunneipunctata they
are cinnamon coloured, and the phialides are longer (up to 30
µm long) while they are shorter in O. brunneipunctata (up to
23 µm long). The results of our phylogenetic study using LSU
and tef1 sequences clearly separates O. houaynhangensis
from O. brunneipunctata.
For supplementary information see MycoBank.
Additional materials examined. thaiLand, Saraburi Prov., Mueang Saraburi
district, N14°31'33" E100°54'36", on Coleoptera larvae, buried in soil, 21 Sept.
2016, JJ. Luangsa-ard, S. Mongkolsamrit & K. Keochanpheng, BBH41960,
BBC82809, ITS, LSU and tef1 sequences GenBank MH092892, MH092908
and MH092899, BBH41961, BCC82810, ITS, LSU and tef1 sequences
GenBank MH092893, MH092909 and MH092900; Chiang Mai Prov., Ban
Hua Thung district, N19°25'12" E98°58'15", on Coleoptera larvae, buried in
soil, 5 Aug. 2015, U. Pinruan, S. Preedanon, S. Sommai, P. Srikitikulchai,
K. Tasanathai & S. Wongkanoun, BBH41184, BCC78421, LSU and tef1
sequences GenBank MH092904 and MH092897, BBH40264, BCC78167,
LSU and tef1 sequences GenBank MH092905 and MH092898.
Colour illustrations. Type locality – a trail in Houay Nhang Conservation
Forest (photo by P. Nupason); stromata, fertile part with ascomata and
asexual morph (arrow), perithecia, asci, ascus tip, part-spores, phialides,
conidia, culture on PDA, asexual morph on PDA. Scale bars =10 mm (stromata), 100 µm (perithecia), 25 µm (asci), 10 µm (ascus tip and part-spores),
5 µm (phialides and conidia), 8 mm (plate culture), 5 µm (hirsutella-like morph
on PDA).
Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Suchada Mongkolsamrit & Donnaya Thanakitpipattana, Microbe Interaction and Ecology Laboratory,
National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng,
Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; e-mail: jajen@biotec.or.th, suchada@biotec.or.th & donnaya.Tha@biotec.or.th
Khanty Keochanpheng, Biotechnology and Ecology Institute, Vientiane, Laos; e-mail: kkeochanpheng@yahoo.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
384
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Orbilia amarilla
385
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 853 – 14 December 2018
Orbilia amarilla Quijada & Baral, sp. nov.
Etymology. Spanish: amarilla = yellow, after the yellow-orange apothecial
colour, which coincides with the locality name Llanos de Amarilla.
Classification — Orbiliaceae, Orbiliales, Orbiliomycetes.
Apothecia rehydrated (0.5 –)0.8 –1.8 mm diam, to 0.2 mm high
(receptacle 0.17 mm), bright orange-yellow to vivid orange, nontranslucent, round to slightly undulating, scattered to subgregarious; disc slightly concave to slightly convex, margin smooth,
0 – 8 µm protruding; broadly sessile, superficial. Asci *(49.5 –)
53–58(–61) × 4.5–5.5 µm, †(36.5–)39–46(–52) × 3.4–4.3 µm,
cylindrical-clavate, 8-spored, spores (obliquely) *2-seriate,
2 – 4(– 6) lower spores inverted (usually mixed), pars sporifera
*20 – 26 µm long; apex (†) strongly truncate (with a slight dent,
laterally hardly inflated), hemispherical in profile view, thinwalled; base with medium to long, thin, flexuous stalk, L- to
Y-shaped. Ascospores *(5.8–)6.4–7.3(–8) × (1.9–)2–2.2(–2.4)
µm, †4.3 – 6.8 × 1.6 – 2 µm, fusoid to fusiform-clavate, straight,
apex obtuse to subacute, base with a straight to slightly curved
tail of *0.7–1.8 × 0.5 – 0.9 µm, sometimes slightly to distinctly
bulbous at base; SBs *1.7– 2.1 × 0.6 – 0.8(–1) µm, plug- to rodshaped with a slightly bulbous base, straight to slightly, rarely
medium bent, apically slightly widened and broadly attached
at spore apex, often obliquely oriented. Paraphyses apically
slightly to very strongly spathulate to mammiform, terminal
cell *(10 –)14 –19(– 22) × 2.5 – 4.5 µm, apical beak 1.3 –1.7 ×
1.7–2.2 µm (including exudate), exceeding the living asci by up
to 3–7 µm, lower cells *(9–)10–13.3(–14.7) × 1.5–2.3(–3) µm,
unbranched at upper septum, hymenium pale orange. Medullary
excipulum very pale orange, 120 µm thick in centre, of loose to
dense textura intricata(-globulosa), at flanks sharply delimited
from ectal excipulum (partly by an indistinct ~5 –10 µm thick
layer of textura porrecta). Ectal excipulum from base to mid
flanks of thin-walled, textura globosa, at flanks and margin light
yellow-orange, 50 µm thick at base, cells *(8 –)11– 20(– 23) ×
(7–)10 –15(–17) µm, 25 – 35 µm thick at flanks, of vertically oriented textura globulosa-angularis-prismatica, cells *3.5 – 8.5 ×
3.5–7 µm, at margin of 17 µm thick textura prismatica-globulosa
oriented at 80°, marginal cortical cells *4–9 × 3–5 µm. Anchoring hyphae 2.5–5 µm wide, thin-walled, forming a rather dense
t. inricata-globulosa. VBs often abundant in terminal cells of
paraphyses, ± globose, medium refractive, hyaline. SCBs
line- or ring-shaped, in lower cells of paraphyses and in ectal
excipulum at lower flanks. Exudate over paraphyses 0.5 –1 µm
thick, cloddy to cap-like, individually firmly attached on beak and
also sublaterally (beak seemingly thick-walled), pale yellow, at
margin and flanks 1–1.5 µm thick, yellow-brownish. Asexual
morph: unknown.
* = living state, † = dead state, VBs = vacuolar bodies, SCBs = KOH-soluble
cytoplasmic bodies
Colour illustrations. Euphorbia scrubs in Llanos de Amarilla; morphological features of Orbilia amarilla, from holotype, (top left to bottom right)
fresh apothecia, living asci, living paraphyses (terminal cell with subglobose
vacuolar bodies = VBs, lower cells with line-shaped KOH-sensitive cytoplasmic bodies = SCBs), living ascospores (with spore bodies = SBs), living
excipular tissues in section, section at margin and section at base (cells with
ring-shaped SCBs). Scale bars = 500 µm (apothecia), 10 µm (all others). All
material mounted in H2O.
Habitat — On superficially decayed, greyed wood of detached, branch of Euphorbia canariensis lying on the ground.
Association: Orbilia asomatica, O. beltraniae, O. pisciformis.
Desiccation tolerance: examined a few days after collecting in
dry state, but certainly tolerant for several months.
Typus. SPain, Canary Islands, Tenerife, San Miguel de Abona, NE of Costa
del Silencio, NNE of Monumento Natural de la Montaña Amarilla, N28°00'59"
W16°38'03", 35 m alt., on detached branch of Euphorbia canariensis (Euphorbiaceae), 16 Dec. 2012, L. Quijada & R. Castro (holotype TFC Mic.
23767, ITS-LSU sequence GenBank MH221071, MycoBank MB825108).
Notes — Orbilia amarilla was collected on rotten wood of a
detached, xeric branch of Euphorbia canariensis in the hyperarid Euphorbia scrubs in the south of Tenerife. In ascospore
shape it resembles O. pisciformis (series Commatoideae or
Rubellae ined.), which occurs in the same habitat, and O. caudata (series Piliferae ined.). These two species sharply differ,
however, in having capitate paraphyses and partly glassy processes. Also, it resembles O. pilifera (series Piliferae), but this
latter and O. pisciformis differ in having tear-shaped, narrowly
attached spore bodies. A sequence of O. amarilla comprising
SSU, ITS and LSU (S1506 intron absent) was obtained by Guy
Marson (pers. comm.) from apothecia of the holotype. Orbilia
amarilla shows an ITS distance of 7.5 % and LSU (D1– D2)
distance of 3 % to O. pilifera, but 20 % (ITS) and 5.5 % (LSU)
to O. pisciformis.
Our phylogenetical analyses supported the relationships between O. amarilla and O. pilifera in the clade of series Piliferae
within sect. Aurantiorubrae of subg. Habrostictis (1.00 BIPP,
100 % ML-BS), see Baral et al. (2017).
Orbilia vinosa MG372377
1.00/100
1.00/100
0.97/83.3
0.99/100
1.00/79.3
1.00/87.1
1.00/100
Orbilia crenatomarginata KM248771
Orbilia crenatomarginata KM248772
Hyalinia
Orbilia scolecospora DQ656628/656687
Orbilia scolecospora KM248770
Orbilia sinensis DQ480727/480728
Orbilia luteorubella KM199778
Helicoon
Helicoon sessile KY659207
1.00/100 Orbilia sarraziniana KM199780
Orbilia sarraziniana KT380082
1.00/100 Orbilia phragmotricha KT380081
Rubellae
0.98/*
Orbilia phragmotricha KT215259
?Rubellae
Orbilia pisciformis MH221072
Orbilia aurantiorubra KF741595
1.00/100 Orbilia aurantiorubra KT380080
0.97/*
Orbilia jugulospora FJ719769 Aurantiorubrae
Orbilia jugulospora KF741594
0.99/78.7
1.00/94.4
Orbilia comma KT215258
Commatoideae
Orbilia aff. comma DQ656644
Orbilia euphorbiae KT380105 Regales
Orbilia bannaensis DQ512888
1.00/100
Orbilia amarilla MH221071
Piliferae
Orbilia pilifera KT222364
*/80.5
0.98/*
1.00/100
Orbilia xanthoguttulata KF768637
1.00/*
1.00/99.9
Orbilia succulenticola KF768649
Xanthoguttulatae
Orbilia bomiensis DQ656629/656686
0.99/*
Orbilia carpoboloides KT215248
1.00/98.6
Orbilia flavidorosella KT222391 Habrostictis
1.00/99.5
Orbilia serpentina KT215238
Orbilia gambelii KT215249
1.00/99.9
Orbilia aff. abutilonis KT222448
1.00/100
Orbilia ebuli KT222425
Abutilones
Orbilia milinana DQ656631/656685
0.07
Bayesian majority-rule consensus tree based on the ITS15.8S-ITS2 region of nrDNA. Thickened branches are those
which were well supported by ML/BI methods (for Methods see
Quijada et al. 2014). The eight different series of sect. Aurantiorubrae are indicated in the phylogenetic tree: here and also
in the combined analysis in Baral et al. (2017), this section did
not form a monophyletic clade with regard to sections Helicoon
and Habrostictis. Asterisks (*) indicate a branch supported by
only one of the two phylogenetic methods.
Luis Quijada, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Farlow Reference Library and Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany,
Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge MA 02138, USA; e-mail: luis_quijada@fas.harvard.edu
Hans-Otto Baral, Blaihofstr. 42, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; e-mail: zotto@arcor.de
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
386
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Penicillium fortuitum
387
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 854 – 14 December 2018
Penicillium fortuitum Visagie & Seifert, sp. nov.
Etymology. Latin, fortuitum, meaning fortuitous, named in reference
to the new species having only one representative strain amongst ~2 000
Penicillium strains isolated during this project.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Conidiophores monoverticillate, minor proportion divaricate.
Stipes smooth, (35 –)50 –130 × 2.5– 3.5 μm. Vesicle 4 – 6(–7)
μm. Branches two when present, 16–30 μm. Phialides ampulliform, 6 – 8 (rarely up to 16) per stipe/branch, 7.5 –10 × 2.5 – 3.5
μm (av. 8.8 ± 0.8 × 3.1 ± 0.2). Conidia finely roughened, globose
to subglobose, 3 – 4 × 2.5 – 3.5 μm (av. 3.3 ± 0.3 × 3.1 ± 0.2),
average width/length = 0.94, n = 71.
Culture characteristics (25 °C, 7 d) — CYA: Colonies moderately deep, randomly sulcate, sunken in at centre; margins
moderately deep, somewhat irregular; mycelia white; texture
floccose; sporulation dense, conidia en masse dull green
(25D4–26D4), greenish grey (25B2); soluble pigments absent,
sometimes brown; exudates absent; reverse brownish orange
to light brown (6C7–7D8). MEA: Colonies low, raised centrally,
sulcate; margins low, irregular; mycelia white; texture floccose;
sporulation moderate, conidia en masse greyish green (25C5–
D5); soluble pigments absent; exudates absent; reverse orange
to light brown (6B8 –7D8). DG18: Colonies similar colours to
MEA, but faster growth and better sporulation. YES: Colonies
similar to those on CYA, larger growth, reverse a deeper yellow
(4A8) at centre. CREA: Growth moderate, no acid produced.
Colony diam, after 7 d, in mm – CYA 15 –19; CYA 37 °C no
growth; CYA20S 19 – 20; MEA 14 –15; MEA20S 22 – 26; DG18
14 –18; YES 24 – 28; OA 17–18; MY1012 no growth; MY50G
no growth; CREA 10 –11.
P. valentinum CBS172.81T
P. fusisporum CBS137463T
P. aurantioviolaceum CBS137777T
-/96
P. roseoviride CBS267.35T
-/82
P. cartierense CBS137956T
*/95
P. thomii CBS225.81T
-/95
P. contaminatum CBS345.52T
*/*
P. yezoense CBS350.59T
0.98/97
P. austroafricanum CBS137773T
*/99
P. crocicola CBS745.70T
P. grevilleicola CBS137775T
-/83
*/P. bussumense CBS138160T
P. frequentans CBS105.11T
0.98/80
P.
glabrum CBS125543T
*/99
P. pulvis CBS138432T
*/99
P. purpurascens CBS366.48T
*/P. armarii CBS138171T
P. rudallense CBS130049T
P. sterculiniicola CBS122426T
P. roseomaculatum CBS137962T
0.96/96
*/80
P. spinulosum CBS374.48T
*/*
P. trzebinskii CBS382.48T
*/*
P. palmense CBS336.79T
P. grancanariae CBS687.77T
*/92
P. vagum CBS137728T
P. kiamaense CBS137947T
-/93
P. clavistipitatum CBS138650T
P. turcosoconidiatum CBS138557T
P.
athertonense CBS138161T
0.96/85
-/83
P. flavisclerotiatum CBS137749T
P. fuscum CBS295.62T
*/*
P. tsitsikammaense CBS328.71T
*/97
P. ardesiacum CBS497.73T
P. brunneoconidiatum CBS137732T
P. montanense CBS310.63T
P. longicatenatum CBS137735T
P. malmesburiense CBS137744T
*/99
P. infra-aurantiacum CBS137747T
P. sublectaticum CBS138163T
P. fortuitum DAOMC251497T
*/*
P. verhagenii CBS137959T
P. ranomafanaense CBS137953T
P. saturniforme CBS122276T
x2
P. improvisum DAOMC250547 CBS140994T
-/97
P. odoratum CBS294.62T
*/*
P. lividum CBS347.48T
P. kananaskense CBS530.93T
*/*
P. hoeksii CBS137776T
P. zhuangii CBS137464T
P. quercetorum CBS417.69T
P. thiersii CBS117503T
Typus. USA, California, from house dust, 2009, coll. A. Amend, isol.
E. Whitfield & K. Mwange, AA01US-904 = SLOAN 7240 (holotype DAOM
745786, cultures ex-type DAOMC 251497 = DTO 313-A3, ITS, BenA and
CaM sequences GenBank MF803942, MF803836 and MF803932; MycoBank
MB827860).
Notes — A BLAST search against an ex-type reference sequence dataset (Visagie et al. 2014b), placed the new species in
Penicillium sect. Aspergilloides. A multigene phylogeny resolves
P. fortuitum as sister to a clade containing P. infra-aurantiacum,
P. malmesburiense and P. sublectaticum. Morphologically, it is
easily distinguished from these based on its restricted growth
on MEA, a character typical of P. brunneoconidiatum, P. tsitsikammaense and P. turcosoconidiatum. However, conidia of
P. brunneoconidiatum have thick rough walls and are brown,
colonies of P. tsitsikammaense typically produce sclerotia, while
conidiophores of P. turcosoconidiatum have very short stipes
(Houbraken et al. 2014).
-/93
*/97
*/96
0.99/88
*/97
x4
-/80
-/88
0.03
Colour illustrations. Carpet inside home; colonies on CYA, MEA, YES
and DG18.
Left: Combined phylogeny of sect. Aspergilloides based on
ITS, BenA and CaM. Aligned datasets were analysed in IQ-tree
v. 1.4 (Nguyen et al. 2015) and MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist
et al. 2012), with the tree obtained from the former shown.
Bayesian posterior probabilities (≥ 0.95) and bootstrap support
values (≥ 80 %) are given above the branches. The new species is indicated by bold red text, T = ex-type strain. The tree
is rooted to P. thiersii. Alignments and trees can be accessed
at TreeBASE (Submission ID 23322).
Above: Line drawing of P. fortuitum (DAOMC 251497T). Scale
bar = 10 µm.
Cobus M. Visagie, Biosystematics Division, Agricultural Research Council – Plant Health and Protection,
Private Bag X134, Queenswood, Pretoria 0121, South Africa; e-mail: visagiec@arc.agric.za
Keith A. Seifert, Biodiversity (Mycology), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada;
Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; e-mail: keith.seifert@agr.gc.ca
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
388
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Penicillium guaibinense
389
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 855 – 14 December 2018
Penicillium guaibinense J.P. Andrade, C.N. Figueiredo, R.P. Nascimento,
P.A.S. Marbach, & J.T. De Souza, sp. nov.
Etymology. guaibinense, refers to Guaibim, an environmental protection
area located in Bahia, Brazil, from where this species was collected.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Conidiophores short and monoverticillate (83 % of the cases)
and frequently occurring as side branches of the divaricate
type of conidiophores, occasionally biverticillate (17 %). Isolated phialides born directly on hyphae occur frequently and
mycelial coilings were sometimes observed. Stipes smooth to
finely rough walled; monoverticillate stipes (6 –)7–120(–170) ×
(1–)2 – 3(– 4) μm. Metulae 1– 2 per stipe of biverticillate conidiophores, (7–)8 –14 × 2 – 3(– 4) μm (av. 10.5 ± 2.3 × 2.6 ±
0.65). Phialides ampulliform, 1–6 per stipe, 4–8(–9) × (1–)2–3
μm (av. 5.9 ± 1.1 × 2 ± 0.26). Secondary elongated phialides
resulting from percurrent proliferations were observed on
approximately 10 % of the conidiophores (average of one
secondary elongated phialide per conidiophore) on 7-d-old
cultures grown on Blakeslee’s Malt extract agar (MEAbl); these
elongated phialides measured (6 –)11– 24 × 1.5 – 2 (av. 14.8 ±
6 × 1.8 ± 0.26). Conidia finely rough, broadly subglobose, 2 – 3
× 2 – 3 μm (av. 2.3 ± 0.37 × 2.2 ± 0.32), average width/length =
0.98 ± 0.03, n = 78.
Culture characteristics — Colony diam, 7 d, in mm: Czapek
Yeast Autolysate agar (CYA) 27– 31; CYA 30 °C (20 –)36 – 38;
CYA 37 °C 26 – 28(– 36); CYA 5 °C no growth; MEAbl 25 – 28;
Yeast extract sucrose agar (YES) 21– 25; Dichloran 18 % Glycerol agar (DG18) 18 – 20; Czapek Yeast Autolysate agar with
5 % NaCl (CYAS) 16–17; Oatmeal agar (OA) 34–40; Czapek’s
agar (CZ) (21–)27– 32; Creatine sucrose agar (CREA) 20 – 23,
acid production absent.
CYA, 25 °C: Colonies moderately deep, radially and concentrically sulcate; margins low, narrow, entire; mycelia white; texture
floccose; sporulation sparse to moderate; conidia en masse
pale yellow, grey to greenish grey (1A3–B1–1C2–D2); exudate
clear and soluble pigment bright yellow sometimes present;
reverse dull yellow, greyish yellow to greyish orange (3B3 –
B4–4B6–5B5) at centre and dull yellow to greyish green (3B3–
28B3) at margin. MEAbl, 25 °C: Colonies raised in the centre
and sometimes radially and concentrically sulcate; margins
low, narrow, entire; mycelia white; texture floccose; sporulation
sparse to moderate, conidia en masse pastel yellow to grey
(1A4–2C1); exudate clear, sometimes present, soluble pigment
absent; reverse olive yellow, greyish orange to brownish orange
(3C6 – D6 – 5B5 – 6C7), light yellow (4A5) at centre and greyish
yellow (4B3 – B4) at margin. YES, 25 °C: Colonies moderately
deep, radially, concentrically and randomly sulcate, margins
low, narrow, entire; mycelia white; texture floccose; sporulation
sparse to moderate, conidia en masse grey (2C1–D1); exudate
absent, soluble pigment absent; reverse greyish yellow (4B6) at
centre and greyish yellow (4A4–B4–B3–C3) at margin. DG18,
Colour illustrations. Guaibim environmental protection area located in Bahia,
Brazil; 7-d-old colonies growing at 25 °C, top row left to right, obverse CYA,
MEAbl, YES and OA; bottom row left to right, reverse CYA, MEAbl, YES
and obverse CREA, conidiophores with elongated secondary phialides,
phialides born directly on hyphae, conidiophores, coiling of mycelia and
conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
25 °C: Colonies moderately deep, radially sulcate; margins
low, narrow, entire; mycelia white; texture floccose; sporulation
sparse to dense, conidia en masse greyish yellow, greenish
grey to greyish green (1B4–1C2–1D3); exudate absent, soluble
pigment yellow, sometimes present; reverse greenish yellow
to greyish yellow (1A7–1B6) at centre and pale yellow (1A3)
at margin. CYAS, 25 °C: Colonies moderately deep, randomly
sulcate; margins low, narrow, entire; mycelia white; texture floccose; sporulation sparse to moderate; conidia en masse pale
yellow to grey (2A3–B1–C1); exudate absent, soluble pigment
bright yellow; reverse greyish yellow (2B4 – 4C6) at centre and
yellowish white (2A2) at margin. OA, 25 °C: Colonies low, plane;
margins low, narrow, entire; mycelia white; texture floccose;
sporulation sparse to moderate, conidia en masse brownish
grey (5C2); exudate clear, sometimes present, soluble pigment
yellow; reverse greyish yellow (3C5 – 4C7) at centre and dull
yellow to greyish yellow (3B4 – C3 – C4) at margin. CZ, 25 °C:
Colonies low, plane; margins low, narrow, irregular to entire;
mycelia white; texture floccose; sporulation absent to sparse,
conidia en masse yellowish white to greenish grey (1A2 –1B2);
exudate absent, soluble pigment absent; reverse white to yellowish white (1A1– A2).
Typus. BraZiL, Bahia, in soil from the Guaibim sandbank, S13°18' W38°57',
5 Nov. 2011, J.P. Andrade (holotype HURB 18573 (dried culture on MEA);
culture ex-type CCDCA 11512 = 23EM8, ITS, BenA and CaM sequences
GenBank MH674389, MH674391 and MH674393, MycoBank MB827182).
Additional materials examined. BraZiL, Bahia, in soil from the Guaibim
sandbank, CCDCA 11510 = 23EM7, 30 Oct. 2011, J.P. Andrade, ITS, BenA
and CaM sequences GenBank MH674390, MH674392 and MH674394; ibid.,
2 Dec. 2011, J.P. Andrade, 67M4 and 67EM8.
Notes — Penicillium guaibinense morphologically resembles
P. curticaule (Visagie et al. 2015) and is phylogenetically more
related to P. singorense (Visagie et al. 2014a), both included
in sect. Lanata-Divaricata. However, comparisons of ITS,
BenA and CaM revealed that it differs from P. singorense by
six transitions in BenA and nine in CaM, three transversions
in BenA and six in CaM, one indel in each of these genes, and
by one transition in ITS (TreeBASE submission ID 23052).
The differences between P. guaibinense and its closest related
species, P. singorense, are larger than the differences between
other described species in sect. Lanata-Divaricata, such as
P. coerulum and P. levitum (Visagie et al. 2014a). Penicillium
guaibinense grows slower than P. singorense on all media
and temperatures tested, but it grows faster than P. curticaule
on CYA 37 °C, CYAS and OA. Penicillium guaibinense may
produce a soluble bright yellow pigment in CYA and secondary elongated phialides in ± 10 % of the conidiophores, both of
these characteristics were not reported for P. singorense and
P. curticaule. Penicillium guaibinense has shorter stipes than
P. singorense and longer stipes than P. curticaule. Penicillium
guaibinense produces mycelial coils similar to P. curticaule,
but these structures were not reported for P. singorense. All
macroscopic and microscopic measurements were done twice,
independently, for isolates CCDCA 11512 and CCDCA 11510.
For supplementary information see MycoBank.
Jackeline Pereira Andrade, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil; e-mail: jacklineandrade@hotmail.com
Phellippe Arthur Santos Marbach & Cristiane Nascimento Figueiredo, Recôncavo da Bahia Federal University, Bahia, Brazil;
e-mail: phmarbach@ufrb.edu.br & cristianefigueiredoo@gmail.com
Rodrigo Pires Nascimento, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; e-mail: rpn1978@gmail.com
Jorge Teodoro De Souza, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil; e-mail: jorge.souza@dfp.ufla.br
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
390
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Periconia caespitosa
391
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 856 – 14 December 2018
Periconia caespitosa Cantillo, Gusmão & Madrid, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after its conidiophores that developed in tufts or dense
patches.
Classification — Periconiaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
On natural substrate. Colonies on decaying leaves dark brown
to black, producing a reddish pigment. Mycelium immersed in
the substrate, composed of septate, pale brown to subhyaline,
smooth, 3.5 – 4 µm wide hyphae. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, septate, unbranched or rarely branched,
caespitose, straight to flexuous, setiform and sometimes uncinated at the tip, pale brown at the base, brown towards the
apex, minutely roughened at the base and at the apex, as
well as in the areas nearest of conidiogenous cells, otherwise
smooth, up to 500 µm long, 5 – 6 µm wide at the base, fertile
at the lower-median part and sometimes also at the apex.
Conidiogenous cells polyblastic, pale brown, finely roughened,
intercalary and terminal, globose, subglobose or obpyriform
(6 –)7.5 – 9 × 6.5 –7.5 µm. Conidia globose, aseptate, reddish
brown, thick walled, dry, solitary or in short basipetal chains of
2 – 4 conidia, (6 –)6.5 – 9 µm diam, strongly echinulate, spines
1–1.5 µm long, maturation basipetal. Secession schizolytic.
Sexual morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies cottony, fast growing,
with regular edges, attaining 90 mm diam after 6 d on PDA and
CMA at 25 °C, hyaline hyphae on vegetative mycelium, aerial
mycelium rosaceous white with white reverse on PDA, dark
green to olivaceous green with blackish green reverse on CMA;
diffusible pigments absent in both culture media. Conidiophores
same as in natural substrate but more frequently branched and
fertile at tips.
Typus. BraZiL, Ceará, Missão Velha Waterfall Geosite, on decaying leaves
of unidentified dicotyledonous plant, 30 Apr. 2016, T. Cantillo (holotype
HUEFS 239357, culture ex-type LAMIC 110/16, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MH051906 and MH051907, MycoBank MB827635).
Notes — BLAST searches indicated that the closest relative
of Periconia caespitosa represented in GenBank is P. epilithographicola CBS 144017 (ITS GenBank MF422162, Identities
= 578/590 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)). Both species have finely
roughened conidiogenous cells, produce reddish pigment,
and have a similar conidial size; but, on PDA, P. epilithographicola has creeping hyphae and greyish to black conidiophores
forming small agglutinated, black, sticky drop-like structures
instead of caespitose, brown and setiform conidiophores with
dry conidia in short chains, as occurs with P. caespitosa. These
species clustered together with a maximum-likelihood bootstrap support value of 100 % but no LSU sequences of P. epilithographicola are available for comparison and therefore a
phylogenetic analysis could not be performed. Given the
morphological and cultural differences and also the low clustering quality values produced by both genetic markers at the
generic level, we consider P. caespitosa as a new species. In
addition, P. caespitosa is morphologically different from all currently accepted Periconia species (Subramanian 1955, Rao &
Rao 1964, Ellis 1971, 1976, Cantrell et al. 2007, Markovskaja
& Kačergius 2014, Tanaka et al. 2015, Wu et al. 2015, Liu et
al. 2017, Coronado-Ruiz et al. 2018, Crous et al. 2018b, Vu
et al. 2019). Among all the species of Periconia with clustered
conidiophores the most similar to P. caespitosa are P. clitoriae,
P. tirupatiensis, P. saraswatipurensis and P. atropurpurea, but
these can be differentiated from P. caespitosa by the combination of features such as the aggrupation of conidiophores and
the position of conidiogenous cells in them, conidial size and
ornamentation, and pigment production on natural substrates
and/or in culture. The most similar species to P. caespitosa is
P. clitoriae, whose conidiophores arise in dense clusters and
conidiogenous cells are located laterally at the upper three
cells or at apex. Also, conidia of P. clitoriae are slightly bigger
(8.5–9.5 µm diam) and also distinctly verrucose (Subramanian
1955) whereas in P. caespitosa conidia are echinulate; in addition, lateral conidiogenous cells in P. caespitosa are located in
the lower portion of the conidiophore and sometimes terminally.
Unfortunately, no DNA sequence data of P. clitoriae is available
in GenBank for comparison.
Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree inferred from ITS-LSU nrDNA
sequences. Phylogenetic analyses were performed with MEGA
v. 7 (Kumar et al. 2016), with the best DNA substitution model
determined by the same software. Statistical support was determined by bootstrap analysis of 1 000 replicates. Bootstrap
support values ≥ 70 % are depicted at the internodes. Periconia
caespitosa is marked in bold face.
Colour illustrations. Missão Velha Waterfall Geosite, Ceará state (photo
by M.O. Marques); conidia, conidiogenous cells and conidiophores from type,
colonies on PDA (top) and CMA (bottom) and colonies on natural substrate
with a reddish pigment. Scale bars = 50 µm (conidiophores), 10 µm (conidiogenous cells and conidia).
Taimy Cantillo & Luis F.P. Gusmão, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina, S/N – Novo Horizonte, 44036-900,
Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil; e-mail: taycantillo@gmail.com & lgusmao.uefs@gmail.com
Hugo Madrid, Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750,
Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile; e-mail: hugo.madrid@umayor.cl
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
392
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Phaeotheca shathenatiana
393
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 857 – 14 December 2018
Phaeothecaceae B.A. Darveaux, fam. nov.
Classification — Phaeothecaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
MycoBank MB828184.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline to brown, smooth-walled, septate, branched hyphae, that swell up in terminal or intercalary
cells, and develop numerous endoconidia. Endoconidia brown,
smooth to verruculose, thin- to thick-walled, globose to obovoid,
aseptate to muriformly septate.
Type genus. Phaeotheca Sigler et al.
MycoBank MB9323.
Note — The family Phaeothecaceae presently only includes
Phaeotheca, based on P. fissurella.
Phaeotheca shathenatiana B.A. Darveaux, sp. nov.
Etymology. From the first three letters of my children’s names, Shawn,
Theresa and Natalie.
Microscopic characteristics on 2 % malt extract agar: Hyphae
brown, smooth, thin-walled, 10–20 × 3–4 µm. Conidiophores
absent. Conidiogenous cells integrated, vegetative hyphae cells
become conidiogenous, brown, 15–25 × 3–5 µm, expanding
to 20–30 × 15–30 µm as endoconidia develop, enlarging as
the cytoplasm compartmentalizes, one endoconidium forms
from each compartment, successive enlarged cells resemble
sausages, often one large cell that has ruptured or is near rupturing, bracketed by 3–5 lesser enlarged cells on both sides,
mature conidiogenous cell finally ruptures and releases mature
endoconidia. Conidia endogenous, unicellular, brown when seen
en masse, pale brown when viewed individually, thin-walled,
smooth, irregularly angular, especially when recently released,
due to being pressed together in the conidiogenous cell, later
becoming globose to subglobose, becoming less angular as
they get older after release, 4–6(–7) µm diam, 5–30 per conidiogenous cell. Secondary conidia none.
Culture characteristics (2 % malt extract agar) — Very slow
growth, colony diameter increase is 2–4 mm/wk (27 °C) eventually stopping, not covering plate. Mycelium dense, growing edge
sharp, aerial hyphae developing just behind slowly advancing
submerged hyphae, aerial hyphae on older areas, exudate
droplets on surface containing conidia, centre of colony becoming raised. Colour dark brown to black, reverse black.
Typus. USA, Alaska, Anchorage, from twig and cone litter, 30 Sept. 1997,
coll. D. Duffy, isol. B.A. Darveaux, on 2 Oct. 1997, MSX102094 (holotype
SYRF0012523, permanently preserved on microscope slide), isotypes
NY03304532, BPI 910718, DAOM836219, DUKE0351831, permanently
preserved on microscope slides; ITS sequences GenBank MH745097 and
MH745098, LSU sequence GenBank MH745096, MycoBank MB826890.
Notes — The current fungus shares generic diagnostic features of Phaeotheca such as predominant endogenous conidiogenesis, slow restricted growth at room temperature, and angular
brown conidia (Sigler et al. 1981.) However, P. shathenatiana
differs from the other four species of the genus by: P. fissurella
usually has 1–3 (rarely more) endoconidia per conidiogenious
cell (Sigler et al. 1981); P. dimorphospora forms hyaline, cylindrical secondary conidia from primary endocondia (DesRochers &
Ouellette 1994); P. triangularis and P. salicorniae both produce
septate endoconidia (De Hoog et al. 1997, Crous et al. 2016b).
Our phylogenetic analysis using partial LSU sequence data
along with described species of Phaeotheca including members
of asexual Capnodiales from an alignment published by Bose et
al. (2014), shows strain P. shathenatiana clusters with the type
species P. fissurella as a strongly supported clade (91 % RAxML
bootstrap support). Our analysis also shows that Phaeotheca
is a polyphyletic genus consistent with conclusions drawn in
previous studies (Crous et al. 2016b). Phaeotheca represents
an undescribed, monotypic family in Capnodiales, for which
Phaeothecaceae is herewith introduced.
There are many other genera that produce endoconidia, usually to a minor extent, but relatively few rely on this mode as
their main form of conidiogenesis. Several genera of the latter
type are Coccidioides, Phaeothecoidea, Endoconidioma and
Hyphospora (Seifert et al. 2011.)
Endospores of Coccidioides come from sphaerules rather than
intercalary hyphal cells and it has alternate-arthric conidia which
P. shathenatica does not have (Seifert et al. 2011).
Phaeothecoidea differs in that the endoconidia are verruculose,
1–2-septate, and give rise to additional endoconidia. However,
the photomicrographs of Phaeothecoidea melaleuca look very
similar to the current fungus (Crous et al. 2010).
Endoconidioma differs in that it has a pycnidium-like conidiomata and solitary blastoconidia. Seifert et al. (2011) considers
Endoconidioma a coelomycete.
Colour illustrations. Twig and cone litter; MSX102094 colony sporulating
on 2 % malt extract agar showing integrated conidiogenous cells swelling,
compartmentalising, and rupturing to release endospores (inset), sausagelike appearance of conidiogenous cell development and rupture (bottom
photo). Scale bars = 10 µm. Photos: Blaise A. Darveaux.
Hyphospora differs in that it has hyaline mycelium and conidia
and a depressed hemispheric central part of the colony surrounded by a halo of hyaline hyphae in the agar (Ramaley
1996).
Blaise A. Darveaux & Cedric J. Pearce, Mycosynthetix, Inc., 505 Meadowlands Dr., Suite 103, Hillsborough, North Carolina, USA 27278;
e-mail: bdarveaux@mycosynthetix.com & cpearce@mycosynthetix.com
Huzefa A. Raja, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 435 Sullivan Science Building,
P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA; e-mail: haraja@uncg.edu
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
394
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Pseudocercospora styracina
395
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 858 – 14 December 2018
Pseudocercospora styracina V.P. Abreu & O.L. Pereira, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name derived from its host genus, Styrax.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Leaf spots amphigenous, circular to irregular, initially chlorotic,
becoming brown with age, 4 –10 mm diam. Internal mycelium
indistinct. External mycelium brown, septate, branched, smooth,
1.5 – 2.5 µm diam, colonising the trichomes. Stromata absent.
Conidiophores hypophyllous, cylindrical, branched, solitary,
19–57 × 2–4.5 µm, 1–7-septate, straight or geniculate, brown,
smooth, sometimes restricted to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells terminal, 7–13.5 × 2.5 – 4.5 µm, or conidiophores
reduced to conidiogenous cells, 3.5 –12.5 × 2 – 4 µm, subcylindrical, brown, smooth, proliferating sympodially. Conidiogenous
loci inconspicuous, unthickened, not darkened. Conidia solitary,
guttulate, pale brown to brown, smooth, subcylindrical, straight
to slightly curved, 22.5–47.5 × 2–3 µm, base truncate, 1–3-septate, hila neither unthickened nor darkened, 1–1.5 μm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA 34 mm diam after
20 d at 25 °C with a photoperiod of 12 h; with aerial mycelium
sparse, grey, reverse iron-grey, sterile.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the LSU sequence is identical to P. brackenicola
(GenBank KT037565), P. tecomicola (GenBank KT290183) and
P. bixae (GenBank KT290180).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the tef1 sequence are P. brackenicola (GenBank KT037484; Identities = 470 /504 (93 %),
7 gaps (1 %)), P. bixae (GenBank KT290207; Identities = 457/501
(91 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and P. luzardii (GenBank KT290194;
Identities = 462/511 (90 %), 10 gaps (1 %)).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the actA sequence are P. macrospora (GenBank GU320447; Identities = 154/163 (94 %), no
gaps), P. luzardii (GenBank GU320440; Identities = 154/164 (94
%), 1 gap (0 %)) and P. purpurea (GenBank GU320486; Identities = 153/164 (93 %), no gaps).
1 Pseudocercospora sawadae CBS 115024
Typus. BraZiL, Minas Gerais, Paraopeba, Floresta Nacional de Paraopeba
(FLONA-Paraopeba), on leaves of Styrax sp. (Styracaceae), 1 July 2015,
O.L. Pereira (holotype VIC 44382, culture ex-type COAD 2369; ITS, LSU,
tef1 and actA sequences GenBank MH397664, MH480643, MH480642 and
MH480641, MycoBank MB824660).
1 Pseudocercospora eucalyptorum CBS 116371
Colour illustrations. Chlorotic leaf spots symptoms on Styrax sp. (Styracaceae) in Floresta Nacional de Paraopeba, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil;
external mycelium with conidiophores and conidiogenous cells colonising
the trichomes and pigmented conidia with inconspicuous, unthickened, not
darkened conidiogenous loci. Scale bars = 20 µm.
Pseudocercospora eucalyptorum CBS 132032
0.65
Pseudocercospora metrosideri CBS 118795
Pseudocercospora cymbidiicola CBS 115132
1
1 Pseudocercospora natalensis CBS 111069
0.62
Pseudocercospora fori CBS 132113
Pseudocercospora proteae CBS 131587
Pseudocercospora palleobrunnea CBS 124771
Notes — Cercosporoid fungi include several genera of microfungi with cosmopolitan distribution and are highly diverse
especially in tropical and subtropical countries (Crous et al.
2013, Bakhshi et al. 2014, Silva et al. 2016). Pseudocercospora
species can be found as saprobes, endophytes, hyperparasites,
being very common as plant pathogens – causing mainly leaf
spots (Crous et al. 2013, Braun et al. 2016, Guatimosim et al.
2016). Cercosporoid fungi have been reported as host-specific
(Guatimosim et al. 2016, Silva et al. 2016). Four cercosporoid
fungi have been described from Styrax spp.: Passalora styracis,
Cercospora apii s.lat. (= Cercospora styracicola), Pseudocercospora fukuokaensis and Cercoramularia koreana (Crous &
Braun 2003, Videira et al. 2017). Morphologically, P. styracina
clearly differs from P. fukuokaensis and P. brackenicola by
having external mycelium colonising the trichomes and stromata absent. Additionally, the conidia length of P. styracina
(22.5 – 47.5 µm) are shorter than P. fukuokaensis (30 –70 µm)
and P. brackenicola (20 –77 µm) (Chupp 1954, Guatimosim et
al. 2016). Pseudocercospora styracina does not correspond
to any sequence available in GenBank at present. Hence, it is
described here as a new species.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the ITS sequence is identical to P. norchiensis (GenBank MF663573), P. brackenicola (GenBank NR_147290) and
P. abacopteridicola (GenBank KT037518).
Pseudocercospora crousii CBS 119487
0.51
0.6
Pseudocercospora balsaminae CPC 10044
Pseudocercospora thelypteridis CPC 24676
Pseudocercospora crocea CBS 126004
1 Pseudocercospora profusa CPC 10055
0.98
Pseudocercospora profusa CPC 10042
0.95
Pseudocercospora dianellae CBS 117746
1
Pseudocercospora humulicola CBS 131883
0.85
Pseudocercospora humuli-japonici CPC 11462
Pseudocercospora rhabdothamni CBS 114872
1
1 Pseudocercospora rumohrae CBS 117747
Pseudocercospora cyatheicola CBS 129520
0.99
Pseudocercospora lygodiicola CPC 25755
Pseudocercospora boehmeriigena CPC 25243
0.93
0.7
Pseudocercospora dendrobii MUCC 596
Pseudocercospora jussiaeae CBS 132117
1
1 Pseudocercospora araliae CPC 10154
Pseudocercospora araliae MUCC 873
0.73
0.59
1 Pseudocercospora trichogena COAD 1087
Pseudocercospora trichogena COAD 1088
1 Pseudocercospora lythri MUCC 865
Pseudocercospora lythri CPC 14588
1
1
1
Pseudocercospora nephrolepidis CBS 119121
Pseudocercospora pouzolziae CBS 122280
Pseudocercospora norchiensis CBS 120738
1
0.86
0.99
0.63
1
Pseudocercospora norchiensis CBS 114641
Pseudocercospora rubi MUCC 875
Pseudocercospora sp. CBS 111373
Pseudocercospora nogalesii CBS 115022
Pseudocercospora abacopteridicola CPC 24709
Pseudocercospora wulffiae CPC 25232
1
0.98 Pseudocercospora manihotii CPC 25219
Pseudocercospora tecomicola CPC 25260
0.99
0.94
0.58
1
Pseudocercospora purpurea CBS 114163
Pseudocercospora xylopiae CPC 25173
0.92
Pseudocercospora bixae CPC 25244
Pseudocercospora sordida MUCC 913
Pseudocercospora brackenicola CPC 24695
1
1
Pseudocercospora styracina COAD 2369
0.73
1
Pseudocercospora luzardii CPC 25196
Pseudocercospora luzardii CPC 2556
0.05
Pseudocercospora macrospora CBS 114696
Passalora eucalypti CBS 111318
Bayesian inference tree obtained by phylogenetic analyses
of the combined ITS, actA and tef1 sequences conducted in
MrBayes on XSEDE at the CIPRES Science Gateway (Miller et
al. 2010). Bayesian posterior probability values are indicated at
the nodes. The new species is indicated in bold face. Passalora
eucalypti (CBS 111318) was used as outgroup.
Vanessa P. Abreu, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa,
Minas Gerais, Brazil; e-mail: vanessa.abreu@ufv.br
Olinto L. Pereira, Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa,
Minas Gerais, Brazil; e-mail: oliparini@ufv.br
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
396
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Pseudopenidiella gallaica
397
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 859 – 14 December 2018
Pseudopenidiella gallaica Iturrieta-González, Dania García, Gené, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the Spanish region where the species was
collected.
Classification — Microthyriaceae, Microthyriales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, pale brown, smoothwalled to verruculose hyphae of 1–1.5 µm diam. Conidiophores
mononematous, dimorphic: microconidiophores reduced to
conidiogenous cells on hyphae, 13 –19 µm high, apex truncate
2 µm wide, pale brown; macroconidiophores unbranched,
erect, subcylindrical, with up to 3-septate, pale brown to brown,
often verruculose towards the apex, smooth- and thick-walled
towards an often swollen base, up to 55 µm long (up to 120 µm
long on the natural substratum), 2 – 3 µm wide. Conidiogenous
cells terminal or subterminal, mono- or polyblastic, with up to
4 inconspicuous conidiogenous loci, verruculose, pale brown,
11– 21.5 × 1.5 – 3 µm. Ramoconidia subcylindrical, aseptate,
pale brown, smooth to verruculose, 7.5 –11 × 2 – 3 µm, forming
conidia in acropetal branched chains. Conidia cylindrical to ellipsoidal, aseptate, pale brown, smooth-walled to verruculose,
6 –12 × 1– 3 µm. Sexual morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA reaching 8 – 9
mm diam after 30 d at 25 °C, golden grey to black, velvety,
erumpent, aerial mycelium scarce,feathery margin; reverse dark
brown to black. On OA reaching 5 – 6 mm diam after 30 d at
25 °C, olive brown to black, slightly dusty, flat, aerial mycelium
scarce; reverse dark brown to black.
Notes — Pseudopenidiella was introduced to accommodate P. piceae (Crous et al. 2012b), a hyphomycetous fungus
morphologically similar to Cladosporium, but phylogenetically
distant to the family Cladosporiaceae (Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes). The genus was characterised by the formation of
dimorphic conidiophores with terminal aseptate ramoconidia
producing branched conidial chains, and by the absence of
coronate-type scars on conidia or conidiogenous cells. In addition to the type, P. pini (formerly Polyscytalum pini; Kirk 1983) is
currently included in Pseudopenidiella (Kirk 2014). However, the
phylogeny of this latter species is obscure since only herbarium
material (holotype IMI 242163) is available for comparison.
Pseudopenidiella pini is characterised by the production of
short and broad denticulate conidiogenous cells, a feature not
described in Pseudopenidiella. Pseudopenidiella gallaica differs
from P. piceae in its shorter conidiophores (up to 55 µm long
in culture – up to 120 µm on the natural substratum – vs 150
μm long in P. piceae) and slightly longer conidia (up to 12 µm
in P. gallaica vs up to 10 µm in P. piceae).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide,
LSU sequence of P. gallaica showed a similarity of 95 % (742/
785) with that of P. piceae (CBS 131453, GenBank NG_042681);
while ITS sequence did not reveal any close hits. Our phylogenetic reconstruction shows that Pseudopenidiella is related
to the members of the family Microthyriaceae (Abarca et al.
2011, Singtripop et al. 2016).
Typus. SPain, Galicia, Pontevedra, Natural Park of Monte Aloia, on
unidentified dead leaves, Feb. 2006, J. Mena & C. Silvera (holotype FMR
H-9234, cultures ex-type CBS 121796 = FMR 9234; ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank LT984842 and LT984843, MycoBank MB828082).
Venturiaceae and Sympoventuriaceae
GU214701.1 Stomiopeltis betulae CBS 114420
93
90
100
HQ333479.1 Heliocephala gracilis MUCL 41200
Microthyriaceae
HQ333478.1 Heliocephala elegans MUCL 39003
HQ333481.1 Heliocephala zimbabweensis MUCL 40019
100
HQ333480.1 Heliocephala natarajanii MUCL 43745
100
x2
KT306551.1 Microthyrium buxicola MFLUCC 15-0212 T
KT306552.1 Microthyrium buxicola MFLUCC 15-0213
100
99
GU301846.1 Microthyrium microscopicum CBS 115976 T
KU948989.1 Microthyrium propagulensis IFRD 9037
99
JX069852.1 Pseudopenidiella piceae CBS 131453 T
Pseudopenidiella gallaica sp. nov. CBS 121796 T
KF268420.1 Chaetothyriothecium elegans CPC 21375 T
100
KT314074.1 Tumidispora shoreae MFLUCC 14-0574
KT314073.1 Tumidispora shoreae MFLUCC 12-0409 T
0.02
Colour illustrations. Natural Park of Monte Aloia, Pontevedra, Galicia,
Spain; colony sporulating on PDA after 30 d at 25 °C and conidia after 10 d
at 25 °C. Scale bars = 10 mm (colony) and = 10 µm (microscopic structures).
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the analysis of LSU
sequences of Pseudopenidiella and related genera of the family Microthyriaceae. Bootstrap support values above 70 % are
indicated on the nodes. The alignment included 555 bp and was
performed with ClustalW. Tamura Nei with Gamma distribution
(G) was used as the best nucleotide substitution model. Both the
alignment and tree were constructed with MEGA v. 6 software
(Tamura et al. 2013). The new species proposed in this study is
indicated in bold face. A superscript T denotes ex-type cultures.
Isabel Iturrieta-González, Dania García & Josepa Gené, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV),
Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain;
e-mail: isabeliturrieta@gmail.com, dania.garcias@urv.cat & josepa.gene@urv.cat
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
398
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Pseudopyricularia persiana
399
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 860 – 14 December 2018
Pseudopyricularia persiana G. Ghorbani, Pordel & Jav.-Nikkh., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the old name of Iran, Persia.
Classification — Pyriculariaceae, Magnaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium on SNA, and OA, consisting of smooth, hyaline,
branched, septate hyphae. Conidiophores scattered, solitary,
erect, pale brown, swollen at the base, macronematous,
mono nematous, typically unbranched, rarely branched,
straight, aseptate, some conidiophores consisting of 1–6 cells,
137– 332(– 380) × 5 –7 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated,
terminal, intercalary, sympodial, cylindrical, geniculate, denticulate; denticles cylindrical, thin-walled, pale brown. Conidia
solitary, dry, obclavate, hyaline, (30 –)36 – 52(– 65) × 10 –13
µm, 2(– 3)-septate, hilum often protuberant, conidia produce
secondary conidiophore. Sexual morph unknown.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA transparent, buff,
reaching 42 mm diam after 1 wk at 23–25 °C; on PDA transparent, white, and straw reverse, reaching 26 mm diam after 1 wk
at 23 – 25 °C.
Typus. iran, Guilan province, Lasht-e Nesha city, on infected leaves of Cyperus sp., 19 Oct. 2017, G. Ghorbani (holotype UTFC-PO20, culture ex-type
UTFC-PO21, ITS, LSU, RPB1 and CAL sequences GenBank MH780926,
MH780974, MH699975 and MH699978, MycoBank MB826968).
Notes — This species is similar to Ps. higginsii, Ps. cyperi,
Ps. iraniana, Ps. kyllingae and Ps. hagahagae in having 2-septate conidia (Klaubauf et al. 2014, Pordel et al. 2017). However,
the conidia and conidiophores of Ps. persiana are larger than
those of Ps. higginsii, Ps. cyperi, Ps. kyllingae and Ps. hagahagae. It differs from Ps. iraniana in conidial shape and size. To
clarify the identification of Ps. persiana within Pseudopyricularia,
CAL / ITS/RPB1 sequences were combined in a phylogenetic
analysis. The phylogenetic tree suggested phylogenetic relatedness of the taxa from Iran to Pseudopyricularia with high
statistical support (Bayesian Posterior Probability = 100 %,
Maximum Likelihood bootstrap support =100 %). Our and previous data identified seven species in Pseudopyricularia, which
is sister to Macgarvieomyces. Macgarvieomyces is morphologically well-separated from Pseudopyricularia because the
former produces chlamydospores, has conidiophores that are
mostly unbranched and conidia that are narrowly obclavate,
granular and 1-septate. Isolates of Ps. persiana clustered sister
to Ps. higginsii. However, conidia and conidiophores sizes of
Ps. persiana are distinct from those of Ps. higginsii. Maximum
likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses of the combined
CAL, ITS and RPB1 sequences support the classification of
the new species in Pseudopyricularia, a genus that is distantly
related to Pyricularia. Morphological characteristics combined
with analyses of DNA sequences allowed us to identify and
illustrate Ps. persiana as a novel species from Iran.
Pyricularia oryzae CBS 365.52
Pyricularia oryzae BF0028
Pyricularia oryzae CR0029
Pyricularia oryzae CBS 375.54
Pyricularia oryzae JP0028
100/81
Pyricularia ctenantheicola GR0001
Pyricularia ctenantheicola GR0002
Pyricularia zingibericola RN0001
99/98
Pyricularia sp. CBS 133598
Pyricularia
grisea BR0029
100/100
Pyricularia grisea JP0034
96/100
Pyricularia grisea BR0029
99/100
Pyricularia penniseticola BF0017
95/100
100/100 Xenopyricularia zizaniicola CBS 132356
Xenopyricularia zizaniicola CBS 133593
Proxipyricularia zingiberis CBS 132355
100/100 Neopyricularia commelinicola CBS 128303
Neopyricularia commelinicola CBS 128306
100/100
Pseudopyricularia kyllingae CBS 133597
Pseudopyricularia cyperi CBS 133595
Pseudopyricularia cyperi CBS 133595
Pseudopyricularia higginsii CBS 121934
100/100
100/100 Pseudopyricularia persiana UTFC-PO20
Pseudopyricularia persiana UTFC-PO21
Pseudopyricularia persiana UTFC-PO22
100/100 Pseudopyricularia iraniana UTFC-PO13
99/100
Pseudopyricularia iraniana UTFC-PO14
Maximum Likelihood tree inferred with MEGA v. 6 software
Pseudopyricularia iraniana UTFC-PO15
(Tamura et al. 2013) from the combined CAL, ITS and RPB1
Pseudopyricularia
hyrcaniana
UTFC-PO10
100/100
Pseudopyricularia hyrcaniana UTFC-PO11
gene
regions of 36 isolates (including GenBank downloaded
Pseudopyricularia hyrcaniana UTFC-PO13
sequences of 33 taxa from NCBI and newly generated seMacgarvieomyces borealis CBS 461.65
Macgarvieomyces juncicola CBS 610.82
94/100
quences of three taxa from holotype and ex-type). The novel
Bambusicularia brunnea CBS 133599
species is shown in bold. Bootstrap support values from ML and
Barretomyces calatheae CBS 129274
95/100
100/100
Bayesian posterior probabilities analyses ≥ 90 % are provided
above internodes.
0.05
Colour illustrations. Leaves of Cyperus sp.; solitary, erect, unbranched
and branched conidiophores, obclavate conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Golzar Ghorbani, Adel Pordel & Mohammad Javan-Nikkhah, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
University of Tehran, Karaj 31587-77871, Iran;
e-mail: a_pordel@ut.ac.ir, golzar.ghorbani@ut.ac.ir & jnikkhah@ut.ac.ir
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
400
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Pythium wohlseniorum
401
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 861 – 14 December 2018
Pythium wohlseniorum J.E. Blair, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named in honour of Carolyn W. and Robert S. Wohlsen, who
founded Millport Conservancy in Lititz, Pennsylvania, USA in 1969.
Classification — Pythiaceae, Pythiales, Oomycetes.
Main hyphae up to 5 µm diam. Sporangia filamentous noninflated, giving rise to vesicles containing abundant zoospores
at room temperature on 0.2 % water agar with sterile grass
blades. Encysted zoospores 7–10 µm (av. 8.5 µm) diam, form
large grape-like clusters. Oogonia produced in single culture
after several weeks, globose, smooth-walled, mostly intercalary, occasionally catenulate, 20 – 23 µm (av. 21.6 µm) diam.
Antheridia monoclinous, one per oogonium. Oospores single,
aplerotic or nearly plerotic, globose, 16 –19 µm (av. 17.9 µm)
diam, wall 1.1–1.6 µm (av. 1.3 µm) thick.
Culture characteristics — Produces dense, aerial hyphae
on potato-dextrose agar (PDA), thin aerial hyphae with no
special pattern on potato-carrot (PCA) and clarified V8 agars
(V8A), and a chrysanthemum pattern with light aerial hyphae
on cornmeal agar (CMA). Colony diam. after 24 h at 25 °C on
PDA 26 mm, PCA 28 mm, V8A 25 mm, CMA 23 mm. Optimal
growth at 28 °C.
Notes — Isolates were first collected in 2013 and subsequently in 2015 and 2017; this species is commonly baited
from stream water with hemp seed, or in association with
various submerged pondweeds. Despite extensive stream
sampling in the area, Pythium wohlseniorum has only been
recovered to date from Lititz Run at Millport Conservancy.
Phylogenetic analysis of both mitochondrial and nuclear loci
place P. wohlseniorum in Pythium Clade B2 sensu Levesque &
De Cock (2004), closely related to P. pachycaule. Sequences
from 11 isolates were identical for COII, ITS, LSU and betatubulin loci; a single nucleotide polymorphism was present in
COI sequences. Pythium wohlseniorum has a higher optimal
temperature compared to P. pachycaule, and a faster growth
rate at 25 °C than P. pachycaule, P. coloratum, P. diclinum,
P. dissotoum and P. lutarium. Other morphological features
overlap with other Clade B2 species.
Typus. uSa, Pennsylvania, Warwick Township, Millport Conservancy, from
stream water, 12 May 2015, J.E. Blair & S. Lobdell W15-2 (holotype CBS
144501, preserved as metabolically inactive culture, ITS, COI, COII, betatubulin and LSU sequences GenBank MH277978, MH289796, MH289798,
MH289799 and MH289800; MycoBank MB826753).
Additional material examined. USA, Pennsylvania, Warwick Township,
Millport Conservancy, from stream water, 20 June 2017, J.E. Blair & A.M.
Bauer (CBS 144502 = W17-58; COI sequence GenBank MH289797).
A. ITS
B. COI + COII
97
P. wohlseniorum MH277978
P. pachycaule HQ643724
68
98
P. diclinum HQ643524
100 P. diclinum HQ708570/KJ595394
P. lutarium HQ708726/KJ595359
97
98
99 P. lutarium HQ643682
P. dissotocum HQ643528
P. coloratum HQ708547/KJ595346
96
P. oopapillum FJ655178/KJ595431
P. pachycaule HQ708765/KJ595362
P. coloratum HQ643501
100 P. sukuiense HQ643836
P. aquatile HQ643445
53
100
50
P. apleroticum HQ708491/KJ595400
P. wohlseniorum MH289796/MH289798
P. apleroticum HQ643444
P. brachiatum KJ995582
100
P. pectinolyticum HQ643739
P. capillosum HQ708529/KJ595360
P. flevoense HQ708582/KJ595363
P. oopapillum FJ655174
100
P. sukuiense HQ708877/KJ595408
P. aquatile HQ708492/KJ595355
P. utonaiense KJ995587
96
P. dissotocum HQ708574/KJ595351
0.01
P. capillosum HQ643483
76 P. flevoense HQ643538
0.01
Colour illustrations. Lititz Run at Millport Conservancy; culture morphology
(clockwise from top-left) on V8A, PCA, CMA and PDA, vesicle containing
zoospores, cluster of encysted zoospores, intercalary oogonium with single
oospore, catenulate oogonia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pythium Clade B2 neighbour-joining phylogenies (Kimura-2parameter model) for ITS (A) and COI + COII (B) alignments,
indicating the position of P. wohlseniorum. Phylogenies were
reconstructed using MEGA6 (Tamura et al. 2013). Bootstrap
support values ≥ 50 % (2 000 replicates) are shown on each
node; NCBI accession numbers are given after each species
name.
Jaime E. Blair, Department of Biology, Franklin & Marshall College, 415 Harrisburg Avenue, Lancaster, PA 17603 USA;
e-mail: jaime.blair@fandm.edu
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
402
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Simplicillium filiforme
403
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 862 – 14 December 2018
Simplicillium filiforme R.M.F. Silva, R.J.V. Oliveira, Souza-Motta, J.L. Bezerra &
G.A. Silva, sp. nov.
Notes — The genus Simplicillium was introduced by Zare
& Gams (2001). Members of this genus include endophytic
species, parasites and saprobes isolated from different environments such as soil, freshwater, plants and other parasitic fungi
(Liu & Cai 2012, Nonaka et al. 2013, Gomes et al. 2018). Morphologically, S. filiforme is similar to S. obclavatum and S. chinense which also form conidial chains. However, S. filiforme
is different from S. obclavatum and S. chinense based on the
size and shape of its conidia. Simplicillium filiforme produces
conidia that are long, fusoid to filiform, catenulate, straight to
curved (7.2–12.5 × 1 μm) while S. obclavatum produces conidia
obclavate to ellipsoidal (2.5 – 3.5 × 1– 2 μm) and S. chinense
produces conidia that are mostly ovoid, ellipsoidal or cylindrical (3.5 – 5 × 1–1.5 μm). Based on ITS rDNA, the new species
S. filiforme is phylogenetically close to S. coffeanum, though
S. coffeanum form macroconidia and microconidia with subglobose to ellipsoidal heads at the apex of the phialides (Gomes
et al. 2018).
Etymology. The name refers to the filiform shape of its conidia.
Classification — Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelial hyphae thin, hyaline, septate, branched, smooth-walled,
1.8–2.7 µm diam. Phialides hyaline, produced on aerial hyphae,
solitary, elongate, slightly tapering towards the apex, 9–18 ×
1 µm. Conidia long, fusoid to filiform, hyaline, smooth-walled,
catenulate, straight to curved, sometimes forming zigzag chains,
7.2–12.5 × 1 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA reaching 44 mm
diam after 10 d at 25 °C, white, slow growth, moderate aerial
mycelium, cottony surface, compact. Reverse white to yellowish cream. Colonies on MEA reaching 40 mm diam after 10 d
at 25 °C, white, slow growth, cottony surface, moderate aerial
mycelium. Reverse dark yellow.
Typus. BraZiL, Pernambuco state, Petrolândia municipality, isolated as
endophyte from leaves of Citrullus lanatus (Cucurbitaceae), 25 July 2016,
R.M.F. Silva (holotype URM 91886, culture ex-type URM 7918, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MH979338 and MH979399, MycoBank MB827982).
.
Bionectria vesiculosa NR119828/HMAS 183151
1.00/100
Trichoderma atroviride NR077207/NBRC 101776
Verticillium chlamydosporium var. chlamydosporium AJ292397/CBS 103.65 .
Simplicillium filiforme MH979338/URM 7918
0.99/91
Simplicillium coffeanum MF066034/COAD 2057
1.00/100
Simplicillium coffeanum MF066035/COAD 2061
1.00/80
1.00/56
Simplicillium chinense JQ410324/LC1345
1.00/100
Simplicillium chinense JQ410323/LC1342
Simplicillium chinense KP034998/EXF-8701
Simplicillium sympodiophorum AB604003/JCM 18184
0.85/56
1.00/99
Simplicillium calcicola KU746706/LC5586
Simplicillium lamellicola AB378533/KYK00006
1.00/98
1.00/100
1.00/85
1.00/98
Simplicillium lamellicola AF108471/UAMH 2055
Simplicillium lamellicola AF108480/UAMH 4785
Simplicillium aogashimaense AB604002/JCM 18167
Simplicillium aogashimaense AB604004/JCM 18168
0.91/100
Simplicillium obclavatum AJ292394/CBS 311.74
Simplicillium obclavatum AB604000/JCM 18179
0.54/-
Simplicillium subtropicum AB603990/JCM 18180
1.00/99
Simplicillium subtropicum AB603995/JCM 18181
0.98/91
0.99/98
Bayesian inference (BI) tree obtained by phylogenetic analysis
of ITS rDNA sequences from members of Simplicillium. The
new species is in bold face. Support values, shown at the
nodes, are from BI and Maximum Likelihood (ML) analyses,
respectively. Bionectria vesiculosa (HMAS 183151, GenBank
NR119828) and Trichoderma atroviride (NBRC 101776, GenBank NR077207) were used as outgroup. BI and ML analyses
were performed in MrBayes (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003)
and PhyML (Guindon & Gascuel 2003), respectively, launched
from TOPALi v. 2.5 (Milne et al. 2004).
Simplicillium subtropicum AB603996/JCM 18182
Simplicillium subtropicum AB604001/JCM 18183
Simplicillium lanosoniveum AJ292396/CBS 704.86
1.00/84
1.00/100
Simplicillium lanosoniveum EF641862/CBS 962.72
Simplicillium cylindrosporum AB603989/JCM 18169
Simplicillium cylindrosporum AB603994/JCM 18170
0.99/73
Simplicillium cylindrosporum AB603997/JCM 18171
Simplicillium cylindrosporum AB603998/JCM 18172
0.96/66
Simplicillium cylindrosporum AB603999/JCM 18173
Simplicillium cylindrosporum AB604005/JCM 18174
Simplicillium cylindrosporum AB604006/JCM 18175
Simplicillium minatense AB603992/JCM 18176
1.00/97
Simplicillium minatense AB603991/JCM 18177
Simplicillium minatense AB603993/JCM 18178
.
.
0.1
Colour illustrations. Watermelons for sale, Pernambuco, Brazil; colony
on PDA, phialides and conidia, conidial chain. Scale bars = 10 μm.
Rejane M.F. da Silva, Rafael J.V. de Oliveira, Cristina M. Souza-Motta, José L. Bezerra & Gladstone A. da Silva,
Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: re.biologicas@gmail.com, rafaelvilela87@gmail.com, souzamotta@yahoo.com.br, jlulabezerra@hotmail.com & gladstonesilva@yahoo.com
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
404
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Superstratomyces tardicrescens
405
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 863 – 14 December 2018
Superstratomyces tardicrescens Valenz.-Lopez, Rodr.-Andrade, Cano, Guarro &
Stchigel, sp. nov.
Etymology. From Latin tarde-, slowly, and -crescens, growing, due to the
slow growing rates of the colonies on culture media.
Typus. uSa, South Carolina, from a human eye specimen, 2010, D.A. Sutton (holotype FMR H-13786, culture ex-type FMR 13786, ITS, LSU and tef-1α
sequences GenBank LR025130 and LR025141, MycoBank MB828061).
Classification — Superstratomycetaceae, Superstratomycetales, Dothideomycetes.
Additional material examined. SPain, Tarragona, Els Pallaresos, from the
darkened surface of a wall house, 19 Apr. 2018, E. Rodríguez-Andrade, FMR
17387, ITS, LSU and tef-1α sequences GenBank LR025131 and LR025142.
Hyphae hyaline to brown, smooth- and thin- to thick-walled,
septate, 2 – 3.5 mm wide. Conidiomata pycnidial, superficial,
solitary or confluent, brown to black, glabrous, globose,
110 –125 mm diam, filled by a white mass of slimy conidia;
pycnidial wall 25 – 45 mm broad, pseudoparenchymatous, of
textura angularis, composed of 3 – 5 layers of pale brown to
brown, flattened polygonal cells of 2.5–5 mm diam. Setae erect
to recurved, hyaline to subhyaline at apex and turning brown
towards the base, 1– 2-septate, 10 –70 mm in length, 3 – 5 mm
wide at the base, strongly verrucose to tuberculate. Conidiophores branched, hyaline, smooth-walled, up to 30 – 40 μm
long, bearing lateral conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells
phialidic, hyaline, cylindrical to barrel-shaped or ampulliform,
5–8.5 × 1.5–2 μm, smooth-walled, solitary or laterally disposed
on the conidiophores. Conidia hyaline, aseptate, smooth- and
thin-walled, guttulate, cylindrical to navicular, 4–5 × 1.5– 2 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA reaching 7 mm
diam after 14 d at 25 ± 1 °C, margins lobate, flattened, both
surface and reverse black (M. 2F1). Colonies on MEA reaching
7 mm diam after 14 d at 25 ± 1 °C, margins lobate, convex,
felted, surface white (M. 2A1) to olive grey (M. 2E2); reverse
black (M. 2F1).
Notes — The geographical origin of the strains (USA and
Spain) and the nature of the substrates from which they were
isolated (human and environmental ones) probably indicates a
wide distribution of this new taxon. Superstratomyces tardicrescens is distinguished from the rest of the species of the genus
by its small conidia produced on well-developed conidiophores
(larger, and produced on single phialides in the rest of the species) (Van Nieuwenhuijzen et al. 2016). Based on a megablast
search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest
hit using the LSU sequences is S. atroviridis CBS 140272
(GenBank NG_058271; Identities = 762/766 (99 %), 1 gaps
(0 %)). Closest hits using the ITS sequence is S. albomucosus DTO 277-H8 (GenBank KX950421; Identities = 778/790
(98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). The closest hits using tef-1α sequence
is S. flavomucosus DTO 305-C3 (GenBank KX950470; Identities = 869/889 (98 %), no gaps).
Superstratomyces tardicrescens FMR 13786T
100
Superstratomyces tardicrescens FMR 17387
100
Superstratomyces atroviridis CBS 140272T
100
Superstratomyces flavomucosus CBS 353.84T
Superstratomyces albomucosus CBS 140270T
100
Superstratomyces albomucosus CBS 140271
Colour illustrations. USA, South Carolina; colony on OA and MEA after
14 d at 25 ± 1 °C; conidiomata under the stereomicroscope; pycnidia, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars: 50 µm (pycnidia), 10
µm (conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia).
0.01
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the combined DNA
sequences dataset from tree loci (ITS, LSU, tef-1α) of our
isolates and sequences retrieved from the GenBank database.
Ex-type strains of the different species are indicated with T. The
new species proposed in this study is indicated in bold. The
RAxML bootstrap support values (≥ 70 %) are provided at the
nodes. Superstratomyces albomucosus was used as outgroup.
Nicomedes Valenzuela-Lopez, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21,
43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain; Microbiology Unit, Medical Technology Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Antofagasta,
Av. Universidad de Antofagasta s/n, 02800 Antofagasta, Chile; e-mail: nicomedes.vl@gmail.com
Ernesto Rodríguez-Andrade, Alberto M. Stchigel, Josep Guarro & José F. Cano-Lira, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV,
Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain;
e-mail: dc.ernesto.roan@outlook.com, albertomiguel.stchigel@urv.cat, joSept.guarro@urv.cat & jose.cano@urv.cat
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
406
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Talaromyces iowaense
407
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 864 – 14 December 2018
Talaromyces iowaense Jurjević, G. Perrone, S.W. Peterson, A. Susca, F. Epifani,
sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for Iowa, USA, where the fungal culture was isolated.
Classification — Trichocomaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
On MEA. Conidiophores (8 –)25 – 85(–135) × (2 –)2.5 – 3(– 4)
µm, borne from surface and from aerial rope-like hyphal aggregations, with smooth to finely roughened walls, bearing terminal
biverticillate, or more complex, occasionally monoverticillate
penicilli, metulae (5 –)6 –10(–16) × 2 – 4 µm, smooth to finely
roughened, in verticils of (2 –)4 – 9(–11), phialides acerose,
(6 –)7– 9(–11) × 2 – 3 µm, with long, gradually tapering collula,
smooth to occasionally finely roughened, (2 –)5 –7(– 9) per
metula. Conidia sub-spherical to spherical, 2 – 2.5(– 3) × 2–3
µm, with finely roughened walls, borne in short disordered
chains. No sexual morph observed.
Culture characteristics — (in darkness, 25 °C after 14 d):
Colonies on malt extract agar (MEA) 30 – 31 mm diam, colony
texture floccose to funiculose, centrally rising c. 3 mm, occasional shallow radial sulci, mycelium white to pink (Venetian
pink R13; Ridgway 1912) or reddish orange (orange rufous,
R2), sporulation heavy, conidia en masse, light celandine green
to Artemisia green (R47), exudate absent, soluble pigments
red (light coral red to Pompeian red, R8), reverse mahogany
red (R2) to light pinkish cinnamon (R29). Colonies on Czapek
yeast autolysate agar (CYA) 3 – 4 mm diam, mycelium white,
subsurface or submerged hyphae, sporulation not observed,
exudate absent, soluble pigments absent, reverse cartridge
buff to cream-buff (R30). Colonies on potato dextrose agar
(PDA) 25 – 26 mm diam, colony texture floccose to funiculose,
moderate deep to deep radial sulci, mycelium white to deep
vinaceous (R27), sporulation moderate to heavy, in zones,
conidia en masse pale green-blue grey to deep green-blue
grey blue (R48), exudate clear, soluble pigments absent, reverse orange-vinaceous (R27) to orange-cinnamon (R29) to
cream-buff (R30), marginally. Colonies on Czapek yeast agar
with 20 % sucrose (CY20S) 2 – 3 mm diam, colony texture
floccose to funiculose, mycelium white to ochraceous-orange
(R15), sporulation moderate to very good, conidia en masse
pale greenish blue grey to deep greenish blue grey (R48), pale
green-blue grey to deep green-blue grey (R48), exudate absent,
soluble pigments absent. Colonies on dichloran-glycerol agar
(DG18) 11–12 mm diam, colony texture funiculose, at margins
2 – 3 mm diam subsurface to submerged hyphae, mycelium
white, sporulation moderate, conidia en masse not coloured,
exudate absent, soluble pigments absent, reverse cartridge
buff to cream-buff (R30). No growth on CYA with 5 % NaCl
(CYAS). Colonies on oatmeal agar (OA) 9 –10 mm diam,
colony texture floccose to funiculose, abruptly rising c. 4 – 5
mm, mycelium white, inconspicuous, heavy sporulation, conidia
en masse glaucous-grey to deep greyish blue-green (R48),
exudate absent, soluble pigments absent. Colonies on creatine
sucrose agar (CREA), up to 8 mm diam, no acid production.
Colony diam, 14 d (mm): CYA/MEA 20 °C 2 – 3/22 – 24; 30 °C
3 – 4/33 – 35; 35 °C 1– 2/9 –11; no growth at 37 °C. Colony
diam, 7 d (mm): CYA 1–2; MEA 17–18; PDA 10–12; CY20S no
growth to germinate; DG18 3–4; CYAS no growth; OA 6–7 mm;
CREA up to 4 mm; Colony diam, 7 d (mm): CYA/MEA 20 °C
germinate/12 –13; 30 °C 1– 2/19 – 20; 35 °C germinate/5 – 6;
no growth at 37 °C.
Typus. USA, Iowa, Jefferson, office, air, 27 Jan. 2014, Ž. Jurjević (holotype
BPI 910643, cultures ex-type NRRL 66822 = ITEM 17527 = EMSL 2233,
ITS, BenA, CaM and rpb2 sequences GenBank MH281565, MH282578,
MH282579 and MH282577, MycoBank MB828092).
Notes — BLAST searches of the sequences of Talaromyces
iowaense showed β-tubulin (BenA) similarity to T. rademirici
(83 %), calmodulin (CaM) similarity to T. purpureus (82 %),
RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) similarities to
T. rademirici (89 %) and T. purpureus (87 %), and ITS similarity
to T. purpureus was 91 %.
A phylogenetic tree with three genes was generated (no T. rademirici calmodulin sequence available), and the branch resolution improved when this species is included. The maximum
likelihood analysis of DNA sequences show net separation of
this new species from the other well-resolved branches. Talaromyces iowaensis clusters with the species from Talaromyces
sect. Purpurei. Talaromyces iowaense is distinguished from
other Talaromyces species by production of intense red (light
coral red to Pompeian red, R8) soluble pigments on MEA,
good growth on MEA but restricted on CYA, growth on CREA,
no growth at 37 °C, and conidia 2 – 2.5(– 3) × 2 – 3 µm. The
closely related T. rademirici demonstrates no soluble pigments
on MEA, good growth on CYA and MEA, no growth on CREA,
growth at 37 °C, and has larger conidia 2.5 – 4 × 1.5– 2.5 µm.
For supplementary information see MycoBank.
Colour illustrations. Air, office; 14-d-old cultures of Talaromyces iowaense
on MEA (left: 25 °C, middle: 30 °C, right: 35 °C), conidia and conidiophores
on MEA. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Željko Jurjević, EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077, USA; e-mail: zjurjevic@emsl.com
Giancarlo Perrone, Antonia Susca & Filomena Epifani, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR,
Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; e-mail: giancarlo.perrone@ispa.cnr.it
Stephen W. Peterson, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service,
U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA;
e-mail: stephen.peterson@ars.usda.gov
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
408
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Thozetella pindobacuensis
409
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 865 – 14 December 2018
Thozetella pindobacuensis T.A.B. Santos, L.B. Conç. & Gusmão, sp. nov.
Etymology. Referring to the municipality of Pindobaçu where this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales,
Sordariomycetes.
Colonies on natural substrata effuse, whitish. Mycelium partly
superficial, partly immersed in the substrata, hyphae septate,
branched, cylindrical cells, 1.5 – 2.5 µm diam, smooth-walled,
pale brown. Stromata absent. Conidiomata synnematal, infundibuliform, campanulate, convex and wide at the apex, straight,
unbranched, brown, pale brown to pale yellowish brown,
154–200 µm high, 30–65.5 µm wide at the base, 255–311 µm
wide at the apex, with synchronous extensions. Conidiophores
macronematous, septate, cylindrical, smooth, pale brown.
Conidiogenous cells monophialidic, integrated, determinate,
terminal, cylindrical, smooth, pale brown, 10 – 21 × 1.5 – 2.5
µm, collarette absent. Conidia lunate, fusiform, ellipsoid-fusoid,
rarely naviculate, continuous, guttulate or eguttulate, hyaline,
13.5 –18 × 1.5 – 2 μm, provided with a single setula at each
end, setulae 4.5 –7 μm long. Microawns awn-like, L-shaped to
almost straight, 0–1-septate, smooth, refractive, hyaline, 19–75
× 1.5– 3.5 μm, basal part thin-walled.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on 2 % malt extract agar
(MEA), reaching 55 mm diam after 15 d at 25 °C, immersed
mycelium, semicircular, entire edges, whitish. Reproductive
structures and microawns present on the surface of the culture
medium and abundant in the centre and the edge of the colony.
Typus. BraZiL, Bahia, Pindobaçu, Serra da Fumaça, on decaying leaves
of unidentified plant, 19 Feb. 2017, L.B. Conceição (holotype HUEFS239376,
isotype HUEFS239377, cultures ex-type LAMIC0122/17, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH595849 and MH595851, MycoBank MB827077).
Additional specimen examined. BraZiL, Ceará, Ubajara, Serra de Ibiapaba, on decaying leaves of Vismia guianensis, 5 July 2012, L.A. Costa,
LAMIC0134 /12, ITS sequence GenBank MH595850.
Colour illustrations. Background photo of Serra da Fumaça; 15-d-old
culture on MEA, conidiomata with synchronous extensions, conidiogenous
cells, conidia and microawns. Scale bars = 20 µm.
Notes — Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence
are T. gigantea (GenBank AY331002 and AY331001; Identities = 432/442 and 431/442 (98 %), no and 1 gap, respectively), T. acerosa (GenBank AY330996; Identities = 440/455
(97 %), 1 gap) and T. boonjiensis (GenBank AY330995; Identities = 424/442 (96 %), 1 gap). Closest hits using the LSU
sequence had highest similarity to T. fabacearum (GenBank
NG_059767 and KY212762; Identities = 499 /518 (96 %),
6 gaps (1 %)), T. nivea (GenBankEU825200; Identities = 497/518
(96 %), 6 gaps (1 %)) and Chaetosphaeria rivularia (GenBankKR347357; Identities = 490/519 (94 %), 7 gaps (1 %)).
Morphologically, T. pindobacuensis differs from T. gigantea
based on the size of the microawns (65 – 280 × 2.5 – 8 μm)
and conidial setula (6 –12.5 μm long) (Paulus et al. 2004, Silva
& Grandi 2013). Furthermore, the new species has synnematous conidiomata with synchronic extensions and 0 –1-septate
microawns. Thozetella pindobacuensis differs from T. acerosa,
T. boonjiensis and T. nivea in the production of sporodochial
conidiomata and the shape of its microawns. In this paper, we
considered T. acerosa and T. boonjiensis as distinct species
based on molecular data (Paulus et al. 2004, Jeewon et al.
2009, Perera et al. 2016).
pindopacuensis MH595849/MH595851
Thozetella pindopacuensis MH595850
Thozetella gigantea AY331002
70/1 100/1
Thozetella gigantea AY331001
Thozetella acerosa AY330996
Thozetella boonjiensis AY330994
88/1
100/1 Thozetella boonjiensis AY330995
100/1 Thozetella queenslandica AY330998
Thozetella queenslandica AY330997
Thozetella nivea EU825201/EU825200
Thozetella pinicola EU825197/EU825195
72/0.98
Thozetella falcata AY331000
Thozetella falcata AY331004
72
Thozetella cristata KJ183032
79/1
Thozetella falcata AY331003
87/1
Thozetella falcata AY330999
74
Thozetella fabacearum KY212754/KY212762
100/1
Thozetella havanensis EF029184
Chaetosphaeria rivularia KR347356/KR347357
Menispora tortuosa AF178558/AF178558
Sporoschisma hemipsilum KX455869/KX455862
0.05
100/1 Thozetella
Maximum likelihood (ML) tree based on combined dataset of
ITS and LSU sequences. The ML analysis was performed using
RAxML v. 8.2.10. The Bayesian inference (MrBayes v. 3.2.6)
was performed under a GTR+G+I model for 2 M generations.
The values of ML bootstrap (BP-ML) and posterior probabilities
(PP-BI) were plotted at the nodes for which threshold values
(BP-MP: > 50 % / BP-ML: > 70 % / PP: > 0.95) were achieved.
One access number = ITS; two access numbers ITS and LSU
sequences, respectively. The novel species is indicated in
bold face.
Tiago A.B. Santos, Lucas B. Conceição & Luís F.P. Gusmão, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana,
Av. Transnordestina s/n, Novo Horizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil;
e-mail: tabsantos@gmail.com, lucasbc-@hotmail.com & lgusmao@uefs.br
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
410
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Xenosonderhenia coussapoae
411
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 866 – 14 December 2018
Xenosonderhenia coussapoae J.L. Alves & R.W. Barreto, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects the host genus from which it was isolated,
Coussapoa.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Leaf spots amphigenous, irregular, 1–7 mm diam, medium
brown with irregular edges, white patches due to raised epidermis, surrounded by a wide, red-purple border and with abundant fungal structures abaxially. Internal mycelium indistinct.
External mycelium superficial, up to 2 – 3 µm diam, branched,
septate, pale brown, smooth. Stromata absent. Conidiophores
arising from external mycelium, either isolated or clustering
on trichomes, cylindrical, 17.5 – 40 × 5 –7.5 µm, 1– 3-septate,
not branched, hyaline to subhyaline, smooth. Conidiogenous
cells terminal or intercalary, subcylindrical, 18 – 39.5 × 5 –7 µm,
smooth. Conidiogenous loci protuberant, 3–7 per cell up to 1 µm
diam, not thickened nor darkened. Conidia cylindrical, straight,
10 – 29 × 1– 4 µm, 1– 3-septate, base truncate, 1– 2 µm diam,
apex rounded, hyaline to subhyaline, smooth.
Culture characteristics (under 12 h light regime, at 25 °C) —
Slow growing (12 –15 mm diam after 12 d), aerial mycelium
sparse, lobate margins, white to buff with some overlapping
areas smoke grey, reverse pale luteus to honey. Cultures sterile.
Typus. BraZiL, Viçosa, campus of Universidade Federal de Viçosa, on
Coussapoa floccosa (Cecropiaceae), 18 July 2014, R.W. Barreto (holotype
VIC44404, culture ex-type COAD1824; ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MG780415 and MH716814, MycoBank MB827438).
Notes — Xenosonderhenia was recently established to accommodate two leaf spot fungal pathogens belonging to the
Mycosphaerellaceae. Xenosonderhenia is a pleomorphic genus
including the type species X. syzygii – with no known sexual
morph but described as having two asexual morphs: a pycnidial morph and a hyphomycete synasexual morph seen only
in culture (Crous et al. 2012b) and X. eucalypti – known only
from its ascomatal morph (Crous et al. 2014b). Phylogenetically,
COAD1824 clusters with Mycosphaerella elaeocarpi – a fungus
lacking an asexual morph – and with Xenosonderhenia. Morphological features such as size and surface of conidia (finely
verruculose in X. syzygii but smooth in the newly proposed
species) and phylogenetic data indicated that the fungus on
C. floccosa represents a new species of Xenosonderhenia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence were X. syzygii (GenBank NR_111763; Identities = 461/492 (94 %),
7 gaps (1 %)), X. eucalypti (GenBank NR_137937; Identities
= 457/492 (93 %), 6 gaps (1 %)) and Mycosphaerella elongata
(GenBank EF394833; Identities = 456/492 (93 %), 8 gaps
(1 %)). Closest hits for LSU were M. elaeocarpi (GenBank
EU040212; Identities = 858/868 (99 %), 4 gaps (0 %)), X. syzygii (GenBank NG_042685; Identities = 852/864 (99 %),
2 gaps (0 %)) and X. eucalypti (GenBank NG_058120; Identities = 812/823 (99 %), no gaps).
Xenosonderhenia coussapoae represents an addition to the
known mycobiota of C. floccosa and, if proven specific to this
host, may represent an endangered species of microfungi, as
are other fungal species described from this highly endangered
Brazilian tree species (Rocha et al. 2010).
Colour illustrations. Leaf spots on Coussapoa floccosa; leaf spot, conidiophores and conidia on trichomes (SEM). Scale bars = 20, 20, 5, 40 and 20
µm, respectively.
Janaina L. Alves & Robert W. Barreto, Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900,
Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
e-mail: janaina.alves@ufv.br & rbarreto@ufv.br
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
412
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
Xylodon jacobaeus
413
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 867 – 14 December 2018
Xylodon jacobaeus J. Fernández-López, M. Dueñas, M.P. Martín & Telleria, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after Santi Jacobi Insula, Latin name for Santiago
Island, Cape Verde Archipelago, where it was collected.
Classification — Schizoporaceae, Hymenochaetales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidioma resupinate, effuse, adnate; hymenophore reticulate
to poroid, 1– 2 pores/mm, yellowish white to pale yellow (92. y
White – 89. p. Y; Kelly & Judd 1976) margin not clearly differentiated, sometimes paler. Hyphal system monomitic; hyphae
hyaline, thin to slightly thickened walls, sparsely branched, with
clamps, 2.5–3.5 μm wide; subicular hyphae loosely interwoven,
parallel to substratum; subhymenial hyphae more densely interwoven, perpendicular to substratum, usually slightly encrusted.
Cystidia or rather cystidial elements present: 1) capitate cystidia
arise from the hymenium, subcylindrical to utriform, thin-walled,
basal clamped, 20 – 24 × 4 –7 µm; and 2) capitate hyphae arise
from the subiculum, basal clamped, 15–35 × 2.5–3.5 µm, apex
up to 7 µm diam. Basidia claviform to subclaviform, sometimes
pedunculated, 17–20 × 4–5 µm, internal linear repetition seems
to occur occasionally, four sterigmata, with basal clamp. Spores
ellipsoid, (5 –)6 –7 × (3.5 –)4 – 4.5 µm, hyaline, thin-walled,
smooth, guttulate, L = 6.24, W = 4.35, Q = 1.43 (n = 32/3).
Habitat & Distribution — On debris of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Lantana camara; known from two localities of
Santiago Island, Cape Verde Archipelago.
Typus. caPe Verde, Santiago island, São Domingos, Rui Vaz, N15°01'59"
W23°37'06", 873 msl, on Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Myrtaceae), 21 Sept.
2010, J. Cardoso, L.M. Catarino, M. Dueñas, M.P. Martín, I. Melo, I. Salcedo &
M.T. Telleria, 18975Tell. (holotype MA-Fungi 91340, ITS sequence GenBank
MH430073, MycoBank MB826918).
Additional specimens examined. caPe Verde, Santiago island, Santa
Catarina, Serra da Malagueta Natural Park, N15°10'41.5" W23°41'14.2",
907 msl, on Lantana camara, 20 Sept. 2010, J. Cardoso, L.M. Catarino,
M. Dueñas, M.P. Martín, I. Melo, I. Salcedo & M.T. Telleria, 13224MD, MAFungi 91338, ITS sequence GenBank MH430074; ibid., 13225MD, MA-Fungi
91339, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH430072 and MH430071).
Notes — Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of ITS
sequences under a GTR model grouped the new sequences
in a well-supported clade (bootstrap support value > 95 %)
with Xylodon niemelaei, X. rhizomorphus and X. reticulatus.
No LSU GenBank sequences were available for X. reticulatus.
Distribution and morphological diagnostic characters for each
species are shown in Table 1. Xylodon jacobaeus is similar to
these species, but differs in having subcylindrical to utriform
cystidia, capitate hyphae and wider spores.
Topology of ITS tree obtained by Maximum Likelihood Inference
conducted in RAxML v. 8.2.10 on CIPRES Science Gateway
v. 3.3 (Miller et al. 2010). Two sequences of X. paradoxus
were used as outgroup. Bootstrap support values (> 50 %) are
indicated on the branches (bootstrap iterations = 1 000). The
X. jacobaeus clade is marked with a green block; the accession
numbers from the EMBL/GenBank database are indicated at
the terminal nodes. The asterisk (*) after the EMBL/GenBank
accession numbers are sequences obtained for this study.
Table 1 Comparison of distribution and micromorphology of Xylodon jacobaeus and closely related species.
Species
Type locality
Cystidia and cystidial elements
Spores
References
Wu (1990)
X. niemelaei
Taiwan
Capitate and subulate cystidia
5 – 5.5(– 6) × 3.5 – 4 µm
X. rhizomorphus
China
Bladder-like cystidia
(4.1–)4.3 – 5.5(– 5.9) × (3.5 –)3.7– 4.1(– 4.3) μm Zhao et al. (2014)
X. reticulatus
Taiwan
Capitate, subclavate to clavate and slightly moniliform
cystidia; short encrusted hyphal apices
(4.8 –)5 – 6(–7) × 3 – 3.6(– 4) μm
Chen et al. (2017)
X. jacobaeus
Cape Verde
Capitate, subcylindrical to utriform cystidia; capitate hyphae
(5 –)6 –7 × (3.5 –)4 – 4.5 µm
Present study
Colour illustrations. Cape Verde, Santiago, São Domingos, Rui Vaz
(photo credit M.T. Telleria); From top to bottom: basidioma (MA-Fungi 91340),
cystidia, capitate hyphae, basidia and spores (MA-Fungi 91340). Scale
bars = 1 cm (basidioma), 10 µm (all others).
Javier Fernández-López, Margarita Dueñas, María P. Martín & M. Teresa Telleria, Department of Mycology, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC,
Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain;
e-mail: jflopez@rjb.csic.es, mduenas@rjb.csic.es, maripaz@rjb.csic.es & telleria@rjb.csic
© 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
414
Persoonia – Volume 41, 2018
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