Biochem. Cell. Arch. Vol. 18, Supplement 1, pp. 927-935, 2018 www.connectjournals.com/bca ISSN 0972-5075 A NOVEL TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE HELMINTHO SPORIUM LINK EX FRIES STATUS AND CLOSED RELATED GENERA Zaidan Khlaif Imran*, Kawther Mohammed Ali Hasan and Zainab Haider Ali Department of Biology, College for Women Sciences, Babylon University, Iraq. *e-mail : zaidan_omran@yahoo.com, zaidanomran62@gmail.com (Accepted 19 May 2018) ABSTRACT : This study isolated and examined many isolate of Drechslera spp., Bipolaris spp. and Exserohilum from rice cultivar and treated the most changes that occurred in the taxonomy and nomenclature of the genus Helminthosporium according to the ICBN rules. This genus was considered as complex of species and deeply entrenched in the taxonomic literature. 100-668 species were recorded in the phytopathlolgical literature and database, but in this study only 49 species were fixed as correct names in Helminthosporium, and split it into four genera,also the common species of the genus Helmintho sporium were distributed the four genera: Drechslera (28 spp.), Bipolaris (10 spp.), Exserohilum (7spp.) and Marielliottia (3 spp.). Most of the species of Helminthosporium become synonym for species of the genera Drechslera, Bipolaris, Exserohilum and Marielliottia and the names of Helminthosporium stilled as basyname. Key words: Classification, Drechslera, Bipolaris, Exserohilum, Marielliottia taxonomical treatment, Helminthosporium status. INTRODUCTION The fungus Helminthosporium a customs to the dematiaceous of Deuteromycetae, it was treated as a form of a genus (form genus) according to the rules of scientific naming (ICBN). This fungus behaviour as facultative saprophytic fungus and causing brown spot disease on cereals (Bakonyi et al, 1997) and has widely hosteda range (Rodriguez-Decuadro et al, 2014). Helminthosporium was established for the first time by the Link ex Fries in 1809 and the type species of this genus was H. velutinum Linke ex Ficinus & Schubert. There are inconsistencies in the number of its species, Hesseltine et al (1971) were stated that genus includes 175 species, while the number of species that bears the name genus Helmintho sporium were 686 species based on fungus MycoBank database (www.mycobank). Since the fifties of the last century and tell time, many taxonomic changes were conductedon the nomenclature for those species. Some species been belonging to other genera far down the phenotypes such as Cladosporium and Curvularia and other genera (Shoemaker, 1959). The Helmintho sporium was considered heterogeneous fungus, it includes a species differ in good morph characters, so the Helminthosporium was subdivided into two subgenera: subgenus: CylindroHelminthosporium and subgenus: Eu- Helminthosporium (Raemaekers, 1988), depending on the most important taxonomic characteristics like spores germination and shape of spores and the shape of the hilum, septate characters, the species of Helimnthosporium were renamed again. The species belonging to the subgenus Eu- Helmintho sporium were placed into the genus Bipolaris and the species within the subgenus Cylindro-Helminthosporium were placed into the genus Drechslera and based on the germination mode, where the germination occurred at the poles only considera diagnostic character to the Bipolaris, while if the germination occurred in most the phragmospore considered as a diagnostic character to the genus Drechslera (Drechlser, 1923; Shoemaker, 1959; Raemaekers, 1988). Based on the helium characters like prominent or nonprominent been designated the new genus Exserohilum Leonard & Suggs. This genus included 8 species were previously registered in the genus Helminthosporium (Leonard and Suggs, 1974). The septa number was considered as a diagnostic character for new genus Marielliottia Shoemaker (1999), which includes three species was part of Drechslera, they basically were among Helminthosporium (Aslani et al, 2006). Recently using analysis based on ITS sequences to determine evolutionary relationships and taxonomic status of Bipolaris oryzae and other Cochliobolus species (Dela Paz et al, 2013). The earliest species of Helminthosporium were still only synonyms of other species of other genera, or are the 928 Zaidan Khlaif Imran et al names became Illegitimate names or Ambiguous names according to the rules of the ICBN. On the other hand, the aim of the present study is to clarify the taxonomic status of the Helminthosporium spp and remove the confusion surrounding the status of this genus, and retaxonomic treatment of the species belonging to it. Also to compare between the taxonomic characteristics of the species under study, which addresses this research associated problems in terms of the diagnostic characters and taxonomic status. Table 1 : List of Helminthosporium spp with their authorities. 1 Helminthosporium avenaceum M.A. Curtis ex Cooke (1889) 2 Helminthosporium avenae Eidam 1891 3 Helminthosporium australiensis Bugnicourt (1957) 4 Helminthosporium bhawanii A.P. Misra 1976) 5 Helminthosporium bicolor Mitra (1931) 6 Helminthosporium biseptata Sacc. & Roum (1881) 7 Helminthosporium cactivorum Petr. (1931) 8 Helminthosporium catenarium Drechs (1960) Sample collection 9 Helminthosporium coicis Nisikado (1928) A total of 50 leaf samples of rice (Oryzae sativa) bearing symptoms of leaf spotting, at various stages was collected and kept in sealed plastic bags. The samples were examined for the possible presence of pathogen structures. Bipolaris, Drchslera and Exserohilum as a dematiaceous fungi were regularly associated with the necrotic tissues was inoculated into plates containing potato dextrose agar (PDA) as described by Imran and Al.Rubaiy (2015). Rice leaf samples were collected from October to December 2015-2016, in the middle regions of Iraq. Daly temperatures ranged were approximately around 5°C in January, 56°C in August and 37°C in October. 10 Helminthosporium cyclops Drechsler (1923) MATERIALS AND METHODS Culturing and isolating of Bipolaris, Drchslera and Exserohilum The pure cultures of Bipolaris, Drchslera and Exserohilum were isolated by the serial dilution technique using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. The isolates of Bipolaris, Drchslera and Exserohilum were sub cultured on the PDA medium in separate triplicate plates for each one of the fungi and incubated at 25°C for 7 days (Imran and Al-Shukry, 2014; Imran and Al Asadi, 2014). Microscopic examination was performed using mounted tiny portion from colony margins each fungus. This was done by using adhesive transparent tape placed on a slide with a drop of lacto- phenol cotton blue stain. Bipolaris, Drchslera and Exserohilum isolates were identified phenotypically using the taxonomic key created by Alcorn (1988). They were maintained on PDA slants at 25°C for four days and were kept in refrigerator at 4°C until use; they were sub cultured every two weeks. The frequency of a fungus is denoted by the number of samplings in which it is recorded against the total: Frequency (%) = No. of observation in which colony appears / total number of observations recorded × 100 (Imran and Al-Rubaiy, 2015). Taxonomic treatment method In this study, it has been the most species recorded 11 Helminthosporium dematioideum Bubák & Wróbl (1916) 12 Helminthosporium dictyoides Drechsler (1923) 13 Helminthosporium dictyoides Drechslervar.phlei (1955) 14 Helminthosporium erythrospila Drechsler (1935) 15 Helminthosporium euphorbiae Hansford (1943) 16 Helminthosporium frumentaceum Mitra (1931) 17 Helminthosporium fugax Wallr. (1833) 18 Helminthosporium graminea Rabenh. ex Schlecht (1888) 19 Helminthosporium giganteum Held & Wolf. (1898) 20 Helminthosporium halodes Drechsler (1923) 21 Helminthosporium heveae Petch (1906) 22 Helminthosporium holmii Luttr. (1963) 23 Helminthosporium inconspicuum Cooke & Ellis (1878) 24 Helminthosporium leptochloae Y. Nisik. & C. Miyake (1924) 25 Helminthosporium longirostratum Subram. (1957) 26 Helminthosporium leucostylum Drechsler (1923) 27 Helminthosporium maydis Nisikado (1926) 28 Helminthosporium miyakei Y. Nisik (1929) 29 Helminthosporium monoceras Drechsler (1923) 30 Helminthosporium nodulosum Berk & M.A. Curts (1874) 31 Helminthosporium oryzae Breda de Haan (1900) 32 Helminthosporium poae Baudys (1916) 33 Helminthosporium pedicellatum A.W. Henry (1924) 34 Helminthosporiun ravenelii Curtis (1868) 35 Helminthosporium rostratum Drechsler (1923) 36 Helminthosporium sativum Pammel, King & Bakke (1910) 37 Helminthosporium sativus Pammel (1910) 38 Helminthosporium sacchari E. J. Butler (1913) 39 Helminthosporium setariae Sawada (1919) 40 Helminthosporium solani Durieu & Mont. (1849) Durieu & Mont (1849) Table 1 continued... Novel taxonomic study of the H. sporium Table 1 continued... 41 Helminthosporium spiciferum (Bainier) Nicot. 42 Helminthosporium stenacrum Drechsler (1923) 43 Helminthosporium siccans Drechsler (1923) 44 Helminthosporium sorghicola Lefebvre & Sherwin (1949) 45 Helminthosporium setariae Lind (1919) 46 Helminthosporium tritici-repentis Diedicke (1903) 47 Helminthosporium turcicum Pass. (1876) 48 Helminthosporium vagans Drechsler (1944) 929 colored, lobes or bulges that appear on the body of conidia, germination mode of conidia and the location of germination from one pole of the or the two poles, as well as some cultural characters and review their pathogenicity for plant species and humans. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The species belonging to the Helminthosporium There is high similarity in the conidial characters between Helminthosporium, Drechslera, Bipolaris and Exserohilum. Helminthosporium included 48 species. Fig. 1 : Conidal characters: Hilum shapes; septet number in: A : Drechslera, B: Exserohilum, C: Bipolaris and D: Marielliottia. statistic in genus Helminthosporium with all of the articles, year of publication and published since 1809 until now, have been identified and diagnostic characteristics and document species names andauthority of species in each genus and scheduling those species in the tables, each table included synonyms and telomorphe for each species if present. Illustrated the most important diagnostic characteristics of the species under interest by modern images for slides from fresh cultures performed in this study. The main diagnostic characters included conidiophores shapes, conidiogenisis and conidial appearance offungal species. Approved the diagnosis each of the genera: Bipolaris, Drechslera, Exserohilum and Marielliottia also these diagnostic characters for separation of Bipolaris, Drechslera, Exserohilum and Marielliottia and demonstrated the taxonomic value of conidium apical characteristics : round or truncate, number of septa, constituent double barriers ofconidium, triple or multiple septa, present offalse septa, characters of Central cells, presence or absence and numbers, Helium being prominent privileged or slightly raised or low-profile perfectly, scars characters in terms of being a small, narrow or wide dark- Table 1 shows the species names belonged to the genus Helminthosporium. The diagnostic characteristics of the Bipolaris Shoemaker The genus Bipolaris was diagnosed by Shoemaker in 1959 as a genus differently because it includes many telomorphic species belong to Trichometa sphaeria other species located in the telomorphe: Cochliobolus has been removed this disparity valuable introduction of a new genus: Exserohilum. This genus which is characterized by special hilum which prominently seamlessly termed exerted helium (Safarimotlagh and Kaviani, 2008). The Bipolaris differ from Drechslera by the germination mode : the first one germination at polar ends while the second germinated randomly (Alcorn, 1983), while the number of septa about 2-3 considered as taxonomic character of Marielliottia (Aslani et al, 2006) (Fig. 1). It was found that the species involved under the Helimnthosporium have conidia characterized by important changes from the taxonomic feature, those differences in microscopic characteristics led to the split 930 Zaidan Khlaif Imran et al Table 2 : Bipolaris spp list and common synonyms and their telomorphes if present. No. Anamorphe Telomorphe Synonym 1 Bipolaris cynodontis (Marignoni) Shoemaker 1959 Cochliobolus cynodontis Nelson 1964 Drechslera cynodontis(Marignoni) Subram. & Jain 1966 2 Bipolaris hawaiiensis (Ellis)Uchida & Aragaki 1979 Cochliobolus hawaiiensis Alcorn 1978 Drechslera hawaiiensis (Bugnic) Subram. & Jain 1966; Drechslera hawaiiensis Ellis 1971 3 Bipolaris maydis (Nisik. & Miyake) Shoemaker 1959 Cochliobolus heterostrophus (Dreschler) Dreschler 4 Bipolaris ravenelli (Curtis) Subram. & Jain 1966 Cochliobolus ravenelli Alcorn 1981 5 Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker 1959 Cochliobolus sativum (Ito & Helminthosporium sativum Pammel, Kurib.) Drechsler ex Dastur 1942 King &Bakke 1910 6 Bipolaris heveae (Petch) B.A. Khasanov 1992 Unknown Drechslera heveae (Petch) M. B. Ellis 1971 Helminthosporium heveae Petch 1906 7 Bipolaris cactivora (Petr.) Alcorn 1983 Unknown Drechslera cactivora (Petr.) M.B. Ellis (1971) Helminthosporium cactivorum Petr. 1931 8. Bipolaris australiensis (M.B.Ellis) Tsuda et Ueyama 1981 Unknown Drechslera australiensis (Bugnicourt) Subram. & Jain ex M.B.Ellis; 1971 Subram. & Jain Helminthosporium australiensis Bugnicourt 9 Biporalis sacchari (E.J. Butler) Shoemaker, (1959 Unknown Helminthosporium sacchari(E.J. Butler,) 1913 10 Bipolaris sorghicola (Lefebvre & Sherwin) Alcorn 1983 Unknown Drechslera sorghicola (Lefebvre & Sherwin) M. J. Richardson & E. M. Fraser 1968 Helminthosporium sorghicola Lefebvre & Sherwin 1949 11 Bipolaris spicife (Bainire) Subram 1971 Unknown Brachycladium spiciferum Bainier and transfer Helmintho sporium species to other four genera: Bipolaris, Drechslera, Exserohilum and Marielliottia. The former three ones have telomorphic phases Cochliobolus (Sivanesan, 1987; Fetch and Steffenson, 1994), Pyrenophora and Setosphaeria respectively (El-Nashaar and Stack, 1989) as shown in the Tables 2-5. All species of Helminthosporium transformed to the four genera and been as synonyms (Hesseltine et al, 1971) as shown in Tables 2-5. some species, simple, straight or curved, clavate or cylindrical in shape, curved at the ends or be elliptical or spindle clavate inverted shape. Brown to dark brown to a pale olive to brown. The cells are irregular in color. Terminal cells are paler than those that exist in the centre of spore, mostly smooth and rarely identical, with false septa (Fig. 3). Our finding agrees to report of Zeiders (1980), Dehne and Oerke (1985). Bipolaris Shoemaker The main taxonomic characters of Bipolaris spores are being with parallel walls usually with erected conidiophores and upright character feature that spores germinate at the poles (Duveillerand Garcia Altamirano, 2000; Kumar et al, 2001) some characters of spores shown in Fig. 2. Drechslera Ito The Drechslera colonies dense, hairy and sometimes velvety, grey or brown ordark brown to black, mycelia immersed. Most of this genus are forming stroma and sclorotia in some cultures. Conidiophores are specialized, mononematic or in clusters, straight or zigzag shape, nonbranched and are rarely branched in some species, brown smooth in most species. Single spores were organized in Drechsleraravenelli (Curtis) Subram. & Jain 1966 The taxonomic treatment of 28 species belonged to Drechslera were shown in Table 3. Exserohilum Leonard & Suggs This genus includes seven species, these species characterized by good taxonomic character its prominent hilum of conidia as in Fig. 4. Five species of this genus contain the telomorphes: Setosphaeria: S. rostratum, S. turcica, S. halodes, S. pedicellatum and S. holmii as the recording is a new species: Exserohilum mcginnisii Padhye and Ajello, sp. Nov. 1986 (Chang and Fan, 1986) (Table 4). Seven species of Exerohillium belonged to Drechslera were shown in Table 4. Marielliottia Shoemaker This a new genus of dematiaceous fungi, it includes Novel taxonomic study of the H. sporium Fig. 2 : Conidial arrangement on the coindiophores of Bipolaris. Fig. 3 : Conidial arrangement on the conidiophores of Drechslera. Fig. 4 : Conidiogenisis and conidia arrangement on the conidiophores of Exerohillium. 931 932 Zaidan Khlaif Imran et al Table 3 : Drechslera spp list and common synonyms and their telomorphes, if present. No. Anamorphe Telomorphe Synonym 1 Drechslera avenae (Eidam) Scharif 1963 Pyrenophora avenae S. Ito & Helminthosporium avenae Eidam 1891 Kurib. 1930 2 Drechslera avenacea(M.A. Curtis ex Unknown Cooke) Shoemaker, (1959) 3 Drechslera bicolor (Mitra) Subram. & Cochliobolus bicolor A.R. Paul & Bipolaris bicolor (Mitra) Shoemaker B.L. Jain 1966 Parbery 1966 1959Helminthosporium bicolor Mitra 1931 4 Drechslera bromi (Died.) Shoemaker Pyrenophora bromi 1962 Drechsler 1923 5 semeniperda Bipolaris cyclops (Drechsler) R. Sprague 1962 ; Drechslera campanulata (Lév.) B. Sutton, Pyrenophora (Brittleb. & D.B. Adam) Chaetostigme horridula (Syd.) Clem. & Shear ; 1976 Shoemaker 1966 Helminthosporium cyclops Drechsler 1923 ; Pleosphaeria semeniperda Brittleb. & D.B. Adam 1924; Pyrenophora horrida Syd. 1924 6 Drechsleracoicis (Nisikado) Subram. & Unknown Jain 1966 Helminthosporium coicis Curvulariacoicis Castellani 7 Drechslera dematioidea(Bubák & Unknown Wróblewski) Subram. & Jain 1966 Drechslera dematioidea (Bubák & Wróbl.) Scharif¡ (1963)Helminthosporium dematioideum Bubák & Wróbl.¡ (1916)Marielliottia dematioidea (Bubák & Wróbl.) Shoemaker ¡ (1999) 8 Drechslera. dictyoides (Drechsler) Pyrenophora dictyoides Paul & Helminthosporium dictyoides Drechsler Shoemaker 1978 Parberry 9 Drechslera erythrospila (Drechsler) Unknown Shoemaker 1959 Helminthosporium avenaceum M.A. Curtis ex Cooke, (1889) (Died.) Helminthosporium bromi (Died.) Died 1903 Nisikado Helminthosporium erythrospila Drechsler 1935 10 Drechsleraeuphorbiae (Hansford) Unknown M.B.Ellis comb. nov.1971 Helminthosporium euphorbiae Hansford 1943 11 Drechslerafugax (Wallr.) Shoemaker Unknown 1958 Helminthosporium fugax WallrH.stenacrum Drechsler 12 Drechslera graminea (Rabenh. ex Pyrenophora graminea S. Ito & Helminthosporium graminea Rabenh. ex Schltdl.) S. Ito 1930 Kurib. 1930 Schlecht1888 13 Drechslera iridis(Oud.) M.B.Ellis 1971 Unknown Clasterosporium iridis Oudem. 1898Bipolaris iridis (Oudem.) C.H. Dickinson 1966 14 Drechslera miyakei (Y. Nisik.) Subram. Unknown & B.L. Jain 1966 Bipolaris miyakei (Y. Nisik.) Shoemaker 1959 , Helminthosporium miyakei Y. Nisik. 1929 15 Drechslera nodulosa (Berk. & M.A. Cochliobolus nodulosus Luttrell Helminthosporium nodulosum Berk. & M.A. Curtis ex Sacc.) Subram. & B.L. Jain 1966 1957 Curtis ex Sacc. 1886 16 Drechslera oryzae (Breda de Haan) Cochliobolus miyabeanus (Ito & Helminthosporium oryzae Breda de Haan1900 Kuribayashi) Drechsler ex Dastur Subram. &Jain 1966 17 Drechslera pappendorfii (Van der Aa) Unknown M.B. Ellis Curvulerie papendorfii Van der Aa 18 Drechslera phlei (Graham) Shoemaker Unknown 1959 Helminthosporium dictyoides Drechslervar.phlei 19 Drechslera poae (Baudys) Shoemaker Unknown 1962 Helminthosporium poae BaudysH.vagans Drechsler 20 Drechslera ravenelii (M.A. Curtis) Cochliobolus ravenelii Alcorn Bipolaris ravenelii (M.A. Curtis) Shoemaker 1959 Subram. & B.L. Jain 1966 1981 Napicladium ravenelii (M.A. Curtis) Speg. 1888 Helminthosporiun ravenelii Curtis 1868. 21 Drechslerasacchari (Butler) Subram. & Unknown Jain 1966 22 Drechslera sativus Helminthosporium sacchari Butler Cochliobolus sativus (Ito & Helminthosporium sativus Pammel King & Bakke Table 3 continued... Novel taxonomic study of the H. sporium 933 Table 3 continued... Kuribayashi) Drechsler ex Dastur D. sorokiniana (Sacc.) Subram. & Jain 23 Drechslera setariae (Sawada) Subram. & Cochliobolus setariae (S. Ito & Bipolaris setariae (Sawada) Shoemaker B. L. Jain 1966 Kurib.) Drechsler ex Dastur 1942 1959Helminthosporium setariae Lind Helminthosporium setariae Sawada 1919 Ophiobolus setariae S. Ito & Kurib. 1930 24 Drechslera Shoemaker siccans (Drechsler) Unknown Helminthosporium siccans Drechsler 25 Drechslera teres (Sacc.) Shoemaker 1959 1923 Pyrenophora teres Drechsler Helminthosporium hordie Eidam Helminthosporium teres Pleospora teres Died 26 Drechslera tritici-repentis (Died.) Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Helminthosporium tritici-repentis Diedicke: 1903 Shoemaker 1962 (Died.) Drechsler 1923 27 Drechslera victoriae(Meehan & Murphy) Cochliobolus victoriae Nelson Subram. &Jain 1966 28 Drechslera heterostrophus Biplores victoriae (Meehan & Murphy) Subram 1959 Helminthosporium victoriae Meehan & Murphy 1946 Cochliobolus heterostrophus Helminthosporium maydis NisikadoD.( Nisikado) (Drechsler) Drechsler Subram. & Jain Table 4 : Exerohillium spp. list and common synonyms and their telomorphes, if present. No. Anamorphe Telomorphe Synonym 1 Exerohillium frumentacei (Mitra) M. B. Ellis, Unknown 1971 2 Exserohilum holmii (Luttr.) K.J. Leonard & Setosphaeria holmii (Luttr.) K.J. Drechslera holmii (Luttr.) Subram. & B.L. Jain 1966; Suggs 1974 Leonard & Suggs 1974 Helminthosporium holmii Luttr. 1963; Keissleriella holmii (Luttr.) Arx 1970; Trichometasphaeria holmii Luttr. 1963 3 Exserohilum monoceras (Drechsler) K.J. Setosphaeria monoceras Alcorn 1978 Bipolaris monoceras (Drechsler) Shoemaker 1959; Leonard & Suggs 1974 Drechslera monoceras (Drechsler) Subram. & B.L. Jain 1966; Helminthosporium monoceras Drechsler 1923; Luttrellia monoceras (Drechsler) Khokhr. 1978; L. monoceras Drechsler 1923; Luttrellia monoceras (Drechsler) Khokhr. 1978 4 Exserohilum rostratum (Drechsler) K.J. Unknown Leonard & Suggs 1974 Bipolaris halodes (Drechsler) Shoemaker 1959; Bipolaris rostrata (Drechsler) Shoemaker 1959; Drechslera halodes (Drechsler) Subram. & B.L. Jain 1966; Drechslera rostrata (Drechsler) M.J. Richardson & E.M. Fraser 1968; Exserohilum halodes (Drechsler) K.J. Leonard & Suggs 1974; Helminthosporium halodes Drechsler 1923; Helminthosporium leptochloae Y. Nisik. & C. Miyake 1924; Helminthosporium rostratum Drechsler 1923; Luttrellia rostrata (Drechsler) Gornostai 1978 5 Exserohilum pedicellatum (A.W. Henry) K.J. Unknown Leonard & Suggs 1974 Bipolaris pedicellata (A.W. Henry) Shoemaker 1959; Drechslera pedicellata (A.W. Henry) Subram. & B.L. Jain 1966; Helminthosporium pedicellatum A.W. Henry 1924; Trichometasphaeria pedicellata R.R. Nelson 1965 6 Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) K.J. Leonard Setosphaeria holmii (Luttr.) K.J. Bipolaris turcica (Pass.) Shoemaker 1959; Drechslera Leonard & Suggs 1974 & Suggs 1974 turcica (Pass.) Subram. & B.L. Jain 1966; Helminthosporium inconspicuum Cooke & Ellis 1878; Helminthosporium turcicum Pass. 1876; Keissleriella turcica (Luttr.) Arx 1970; Luttrellia turcica (Pass.) hokhr. 1978; Trichometasphaeria turcica Luttr. 1958 7 Exserohilum mcginnisii Padhye and Ajello, Setosphaeria monoceras Alcorn 1978 sp. Nov 1986 Helminthosporium frumentaceum Mitra 934 Zaidan Khlaif Imran et al Table 5 : Marielliottia spp. list and common synonyms and their telomorphes, if present. No. Anamorphe Telomorphe Synonym 1 Marielliottia biseptata (Sacc.& Roum. in Unknown Roum & Sacc.) Shoemaker 1999 Drechslera biseptata (Sacc. & Roum.) M.J. Richardson & E.M. Fraser 1968; Helminthosporium biseptata Sacc. & Roum 1881 2 Marielliottia dematioidea (Bubák & Unknown Wróbl.) Shoemaker, 1999 Drechslera dematioidea Helminthosporium dematioideum Bubák & Wróbl., 1916 3 Marielliottia triseptata (Drechsler) Unknown Shoemaker, 1999 Drechslera triseptata Helminthosporium triseptatum Drechsler, 1923 3 species, these species have been described within the Drechslera: D. biseptata, D. dematioidea and D. triseptata (Table 5). It was originally registered under the Helminthosporium spp (Table 1), the three species differ from the species of Drechslera based on conidia that contain mostly three septa and be oval shapes upside down to the oval (Fig. 1). The germination of Marielliottia from the basal cell or sometimes from the apical, no central cells in the conidium form. This fungus parasitic on weeds (Aslani et al, 2006). Due to the truth that Helminthosporium is a source for many of species, there are seeking to reduce the number of their species. Alcorn (1988) mentioned to the need to reduce and re-identify the species of this genus with 20 species. The number of this genuslisted in Table 1 is actually not really species at the present time, it has become synonyms in other species, but the one which non been synonyms are not listed in Tables 2-5 are in a neglected species that counter because they are not supported at the present time and what enhances this opinion that sources have indicated to the neglect of all types of this H. solani, which attacked potatoes in wide regions through the world where in South Africa, Egypt, Sudan, Israel, India, Japan, Iran, Lebanon, Tunisia, Turkey, Britain, France and Danamark, Cuba, Argentina, Chile and other South American countries (Tian et al, 2007). 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