Myca/. Res. 98 (11): 1277-1283 (1994) 1277 Printed in Great Britain New species of Pseudocercospora and Sfenella from India M. K. KHAN, M. S. ｾｎａｈｋ AND KAMAL Mycology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gorakhpur, Gorakhpur-273009, U.P., India Pseudocercospora aphanamixidis sp. nov., Pseudocercospora bauhiniigena sp. nov., Stenella murrayae sp. nov. and Stenella sonapathriensis sp. nov. collected on living leaves of Aphanamixis sp., Bauhinia malabarica, Murraya sp. and Ventilago madraspatana respectively from the Terai belt of North-Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India are described, illustrated and compared with allied taxa. The Terai belt of North-Eastern Uttar Pradesh experiences diverse conditions of a moist sub-tropical climate and has luxuriant growth of rich vegetation, all the year round, in waste lands and natural as well as cultivated forests. These conditions render the area most suitable for the growth and collecting of foliicolous fungi, specially hyphomycetes. In continuation of our earlier studies (Verma ef al., 1989; Kamal ef al., 1990a,b, 1991; Chaudhary ef al., 1991; Khan ef a/., 1992) many undescribed species have again been collected from the Terai belt of district Maharajganj district, Bahraich, Nainital and Gorakhpur. Pseudocercospora aphanamixidis M. K. Khan, M. S. Khan & Kamal sp. nov. (Fig. 1). Maculae infeetionis epigenae, parvae, pallide brunneae, coalescentes, plerumque ad margine. Coloniae hypogenae, rectangulares, olivaceo brunneae, effusae, velutosae, areola-Iimitatae, coalescentes vel extendentes per totam pinnae. Mycelium hypharum partim immersum et partim superficiaIe, hyphis repentibus, angustatis, septatis, ramosis, pallide olivaceis, 2-4 1-llIl. Stromata male formata, sub stomatibus disposita aut superficialia ex rare cellulis formata. Conidiophora solitaria vel in gregibus laxa, exorientia ex stromatibus vel hyphis repentibus formata, macronematosa, mononematosa, septata, nonramosa, erecta vel suberecta, leniter curvata in parte inferiori et ad terminum distans flexuosa, propter geniculata, laevia, pallide vel moderate olivacea, recta, 126-310 x 6-9 \lm. Cellulae conidiogenae in conidiophoris incorporatae, terminales vel sympodiales, polyblasticae, denticulatae, cum leniter denticulis conoidibus, cicatricibus laevibus. Conidia simplicia, solitaria, sicca, acropleurogenosa, pallide vel moderata olivacea, usque II-transverse septata, laevia, guttulata, cylindrica vel obclavata, recta velleniter curvata pars basalis proxima aliquando tumida et pars distans angusti, 31'5-105 x 7'5-II \lm, apice obtusa, 1'5-3'5 \lm, basim obconicotruncata cum hilis laevibus, 3-4 \lm. • Department of Botany, 5t Andrew's College, Gorakhpur, Gorakhpur273001, V.P., India. In foliis vivis Aphanamixidis sp. (Meliaceae), Murtiha Forest, Bahraich, U.P., Nov. 1987, M. K. Khan, Herb. GPU No. KS 249 isotypus, IMI 321729 holotypus. Infection spofs epigenous, smalL light brown, coalescing, mostly along the margins. Colonies hypogenous, rectangular, olivaceous brown, effuse, velvety, vein-limited, coalescing to cover most of the surface of leaflets. Mycelium of partly immersed, partly superficiaL narrow, septate, branched, light wide repent hyphae. Sfromafa poorly olivaceous, 2-4 ｾ ｭ developed, substomatal or superficial and of few cells. Conidiophores solitary or in loose groups, arising from stromata or repent hyphae, macronematous, mononematous, septate, unbranched, erect to suberect, slightly curved in lower half and flexuous towards the distal end, geniculate, smooth, light Conidiogenous cells to mid-olivaceous, 126-310 x 6-9 ｾｭＮ integrated, terminal to sympodiaL polyblastic, denticulate, with slightly blunt conoid denticles, scars unthickened. Conidia simple, solitary, dry, acropleurogenous, light to mid-olivaceous, up to 11-transversely septate, smooth, guttulate, cylindric to obclavate, straight to slightly curved, basal proximal part somewhat swollen while distal part narrower, 31'5-105 x 7'5-11 ｾ Ｌ apex obtuse, tip ＱＧＵＭＳｾＬ bases obconicotruncate with unthickened hila, 3-4 ｾｭＮ Since the establishment of Pseudocercospora only four species, P,subsessilis (Syd. & P. Syd.) Deighton (1976), P. meliicola J. M. Yen, A. K. Kar & B. K. Das (1982), P. meliae A. N. Rai & Kamal (1982) and P. amoorae A. K. Das (1991) have been reported on this host family. Since P. amoorae has been described on Aphanamixis (= Amoora) it is compared with the present collection in Table 1. Pseudocercospora bauhiniigena M. K. Khan, M. S. Khan & KamaL sp. nov, (Fig. 2) Maculae infeetionis amphigenae, circulares vel irregulares, ad margine fusca brunnea cum central regione albolutea, coalescentes, extendentes per totam folii, usque 2 cm latae. Caespituli amphigeni sed plerumque hypogeni, atropunctati, effusi. Mycelium internum, ex New species of Pseudocercospora and Stenella from India 1278 ｾ｛ Fig. 1. Pseudocercospora aphanamixidis. Section showing mycelium, poorly developed stroma, conidiogenous cells, conidiophores and conidia. hyphis immersis, septatis, intercellularibus, ramosis, laevibus, pallideolivaceis, 1'5-3 11m latis compositum. Stromata bene formata, subepidermoidea, sphaeroidea ex cellulis pseudoparenchymaticis laxe consociatis pallide brunneis, 25-55 x 15-25 11m. Conidiophora plerumque numerosa, brevia, valida, in fasciculo densa per stroma (20-30) emergentia, fusco-brunnea, laevia, non-ramosa, uniseptata, 12-22 x 3'5-5'5 11m. Cicatrices conidiales recta, compacta, inconspicuae. Cellulae conidiogenae in conidiophoris aero portionis incorporatae. Conidia recta vel leniter curvata, obclavato-cylindrica, laevia, fusca olivacea, multiseptata (4-25 septata), septa simplicia, ad septa constricta, raro guttulata, 21-102 x 6'5-8 11m, apicem acuta vel late obtusa, usque 3 11m lata, basim truncata vel obconico-truncata, hila non-incrassata, 2-3'5 11m lata. In foliis vivis Bauhiniae malabaricae (Fabaceae), Sonapathri, Sohelwa East, Bahraich, U.P., Jan. 1987, M. K. Khan, Herb GPU. No. KS 193, KK 277 isotypus, IMI 321742 holotypus. Infection spots amphigenous, circular to irregular, dark brown margins with central yellowish white area, coalescing over entire portion of leaflet, up to 2 cm wide. Caespituli M. K. Khan, M. S. Khan and Kamal 1279 Table 1. Comparison of two species of Pseudocercospora Stroma Pseudocercospora amoorae Amphigenous, substomatal, globose to sub-globose up to 43 ｾｭ wide, 36 ｾ ｭ high Conidiophores Conidia Pale olivaceous to mid pale olivaceous brown, 0-4 septate, rarely once geniculate, 16'5-49'5 x 3'5-5 P. aphanamixidis Loosely developed, superficial or of few cells, light olivaceous, substomatal Straight to curved, obclavate to cylindric, multiseptate, 40-115 x 3-4 Solitary or in loose groups, unbranched, denticulate. very long, slightly curved at the base. light to mid-olivaceous, 126--310 x 6--9 amphigenous, but more plentiful on the lower surface of the leaf, effuse. Mycelium internal; hyphae immersed, branched, septate, intercellular, smooth-walled, light olivaceous, 1'5-3 \.1m wide. Stromata well-developed, sub-epidermaL sphaeroid, composed of loosely associated light brown pseudoparenchymatous cells from which conidiophores arise in dense fascicles, 25-55 x 15-25 \.1m wide. Conidiophores numerous, short, stout, 20-30 per stroma, arranged somewhat in a plane above the stroma, dark brown, smooth-walled, with a single septum above the basal septum, straight, compact, 12-22 x 3'5-5'5 \.1m. Conidiogenous cells integrated in the apical part of conidiophores. Conidial scars obscure. Conidia straight to slightly curved, obclavate-cylindric, smooth, dark olivaceous, multiseptate (4-25 septate), septa simple, constricted at septa, rarely guttulate, 21-102 x 6'5-8 \.1m, apex acute to broadly obtuse, up to 3 \.1m wide, base truncate to obconico-truncate, hila unthickened, 2-3'5 \.1m wide. Literature pertaining to Pseudocercospora (Deighton, 1974, 1976,1979,1987; Ellis, 1971, 1976; Kamal et al., 1990, 1991; Verma et al., 1989; Verma & KamaL 1987, 1991; Singh & KamaL 1986) shows that only two species of the genus, P. bauhiniae (Syd. & P. Syd.) Deighton (1976) and P. bauhiniicola (J. M. Yen) J. M. Yen (1978) appear to have been described on this host genus, but on different species. The present collection shows no resemblance to P. bauhiniicola whatever. P. bauhiniae, however, is closer to the new species in minor respects but differs in the symptoms produced and in size (21-102 x 6'5-8 \.1m) and septation (4-25) of the conidia. Stenella murrayae M. K. Khan, M. S. Khan & KamaL sp. nov. (Fig. 3) Maculae infectionis hypogenae, effusae, olivaceo-brunneae, extendentes omnes per totam pinnae. Coloniae hypogenae, fusco brunneae, primo pussillae, disseminatae et punctiformes, deinde coalescentes. Mycelium intemum vel plurimum externum; ex hyphis extemis latis septatis, ramosis, verruculosis, pallide brunneis, ad 5 ｾｭ compositum; setae, hyphopodia et stromata absentes. Conidiophora superficialia, singularia, ex hyphis superficialibus lateriter vel terminaliter orinuda, semimicronematosa vel macronematosa, mononematosa, erecta, recta velleniter flexuosa, non ramosa vel plus minusve dichotome ramosa, laevia, septata, brunnea, apicem versus longa, 4-6 ｾｭ lata. Cellulae conidiogenae palliodora, usque 30-95 ｾｭ in conidiophoris incorporatae, terminales vel intercalares, sympodiales, cylindricae, leniter geniculatae, loci conidiogeni usque 1-2 (raro ad 4) cicatricibus, cicatrices leniter incrassatae. Conidia holoblastica, ｾｭ ｾｭ Light to mid-olivaceous, up to 11 -transversely septate, cylindric to obclavate, straight to slightly curved, base somewhat swollen, guttulate, 31-105 x 7'5-11 ｾ ｭ ｾｭ sicca, acropleurogenosa, plurium simplicia et non frequenter catenata, cylindrica vel obclavato cylindrica, recta vel leniter curvata, pallide brunnea, serratulariter verruculosa, ad Is-transverse septata, constricta, hilo leniter incrassato, basi obconicotruncata, apicem versus rotundata et raro ornata, cicatrice leniter incrassata; usque 24-230 ｾ ｭ longa, 3'5-6 ｾｭ lata. In foliis vivis Murrayae sp. (Rutaceae), Pakari Forest, Maharajganj, u.P., Mar. 1991, Kamal, Herb. GPU No. KRC 5 isotypus, IMI 330835 holotypus. Infection spots hypogenous, effuse, olivaceous brown, extending to cover entire surface of leaflets. Colonies hypogenous, blackish-brown, primarily small, scattered and punctiform, later coalescing. Mycelium internal or mostly external; external hyphae septate, branched, verruculose, olivaceous to light brown, up to 5 \.1m wide. Conidiophores superficiaL arising singly as lateral or terminal branches from superficial hyphae, semi-micronematous to macronematous, mononematous, erect, straight or slightly flexuous, unbranched to more or less dichotomously branched, smooth, septate, brown, pale brown near the apex, 30-95 \.1m long, 4-6 \.1m broad. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal to intercalary, sympodiaL cylindricaL slightly geniculate, with 1-2 (rarely up to 4) conidiogenous loci bearing slightly thickened scars. Conidia holoblastic, dry, acropleurogenous, mostly simple, solitary or rarely catenate in unbranched chains, cylindrical to obclavatecylindricaL straight to slightly curved, light brown, serrulately verruculose, up to 15-transversely septate, constricted at septa, conidial base obconico-truncate with slightly thickened hilum; apex obtuse to rounded, rarely cicatrized, 24-230 x 3'5-6 \.1m. The literature on Stenella shows no species to have been described on this host species or genus and only two species from this host family; S. aeglicola (S. Das) McKenzie (1982) (= S. aegles S. S. Prasad, 1967) and S. cifri-grisea (F. E. Fisher) Sivan. (Sivanesan, 1984). Of these, S. aeglicola shows some resemblance to the present species in conidiophores and conidial characteristics. A comparison is made in Table 2. Stenella sonapathriensis M. K. Khan, M. S. Khan & KamaL sp. nov. (Fig. 4) Maculae infectionis hypogenae, irregulares, pallide brunneae, dispersae, extendentes maximam superficiem folii. Coloniae hypogenae, effusae, floccosae, fusco-brunneae vel pallide brunneae, coalescentes. Mycelium ex hyphis superficialibus, intertextis, verruculosis, ramosis, septatis, pallide, brunneis, usque 2 ｾｭ latis, ad basm ex conidiophoris 1280 New species of Pseudocercospora and Stenella from India Fig. 2. Pseudocercospora bauhiniigena. Section showing mycelium, well developed stroma, conidiophores and conidia. inflatis (usque 2-4 11m). Conidiophora ex hyphis oriunda, stroma non evoluta, simplicia, recta vel leniter flexuosa, ad basim inflata, longa, septata (1-9), macronematosa, mononematosa, paIIide vel olivaceo brunnea, usque 24-120 x 2-4 11m. Cellulae conidiogenae in conidiophoris incorporatae, terminales, sympodiales, cylindricae cicatricibus. Conidia simplicia vel catenata, rara solitaria, acropleurogenosa, subcylindrica vel obclavata, 1-2 septata, verruculosa, paIIide brunnea, 5-22'5 x 2'5-4 11m, cum apice rotundata ad basim conicotruncata, hila leniter crassata. In Eoliis vivis Ventilago madraspalana (Rhamnaceae), Sonapathari, Sohelwa East, Bahrach, UP., Jan. 1987, M. K. Kahn, Herb. GPU No. KS 30, KS 199 isotypus, IMI 302682 holotypus. M. K. Khan, M. S. Khan and Kamal 1281 Fig. 3. Stenella murrayae. Mycelium, conidiophores and conidia. 81 MYC 98 New species of Pseudocercospora and Stenella from India 1282 Table 2. Comparison of two species of Slenella Colonies Conidiophores Conidia Slenella aeglicola Amphigenous, dark grey, velvety Simple or loosely branched, 25-120 x 4-10 ｾ ｭ Solitary or occasionally in short chains, dark grey, straight or Aexuous, cylindrical or narrowly obclavate, 1-12 septate, 30--160 x 3-5 ｾ S. murrayae Hypogenous, punctiform, spreading, brown, covering entire surface of leaflets Simple to mostly dichotomously branched, 30--95 x 4--6 ｭｾ Solitary to catenate, straight to slightly curved, serrulately verruculose, constricted, 3-15 septate, 24-230 x 3'5--6 ｾｭ ｾ :.. :' .... Fig. 4. Stenella sonapathriensis. Mycelium, conidiophores and conidia. Infection spots hypogenous, irregular, pale brown, spreading, covering most of the leaf surface. Colonies hypogenous, effuse, floccose, dark brown to pale brown, coalescing. Mycelium of superficial, interwoven, verruculose, branched, septate, light wide hyphae, non-stromatic, swollen at the brown, up to 2 ｾｭ base of conidiophores (up to 2-4 ｾｭＩＮ Conidiophores arising from the mycelium, non-stromatic, simple, straight to slightly flexuous, inflated at the lower portion, long, I -9-septate, M. K. Khan, M. S. Khan and Kamal macronematous, mononematous, pale to olivaceous brown, 24-120 x 2-4 ｾｭＮ Conidiogenous cells integrated in the apical region of conidiophores, tenninal, sympodial, cicatrized, cylindrical. Conidia simple to catenate, sometimes solitary, acropleurogenous, subcylindric to obclavate, 1-2 septate, verruculose, pale brown, 5-22'5 x 2'5-4 ｾｭＬ with a rounded apex and conico-truncate base, hila slightly thickened. The literature on Stenella (Yen, 1967; Pavgi &: Singh, 1970; Ellis, 1971, 1976; Mulder, 1975, 1982, 1989; Deighton, 1979; Kamal et al., 1980a,b, 1978; Kumar et al., 1980; Rajak, 1981; McKenzie, 1982; Yen et al., 1982; de Hoog et al., 1983; Singh &: Kamal, 1986; Kar &: Ray, 1987; Venna &: Kamal, 1989) shows that no species has been described on this host family. Moreover, the present collection is very characteristic in its morphology and does not match any species of Stenella described, even on allied host families. The authors are grateful to Dr B. C. Sutton, International Mycological Institute, U.K. for accession numbers and confinning the identity of the species. Their thanks are also due to the Head, Department of Botany, University of Gorakhpur, for providing laboratory facilities and to CSIR, New DeihL for financial assistance to one of the authors (M. K. Khan). 1283 Ellis. M. B. (1976). More Demaliaceous Hyphomycetes. Kew. U.K.: CAB International Mycological Institute. Kamal. Khan. M. K. $<. Venna, R. K. (l990a). New species and combinations in Pseudocercospora from India. Mycological Research 94. 240-242. Kamal, Kumar. P. $<. Rai. B. (1978). A new interesting Hyphomycete from India. Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology 11. 144-145. KamaL Kumar. P. $<. Shukla. D. N. (1980). Fungi of Gorakhpur. XIII. Indian Phytopathology 33, 265-269. Kamal. Moses. A. S. $<. Chaudhary. R. (1990b). Two new species and a new combination in Phaeoramularia from Ullar Pradesh. India. Mycological Research 94. 714-715. KamaL Rai. B. & Kumar. P. (1980). A new species of SteneIIa from India. Current Science 49. 234-235. Khan. M. K.. Venna. R. K. $<. Kamal (1992). New species of Cercospora, MycovellosieIIa and Phaeoisariopsis from India. Indian Phytopathology 45. 24-32. McKenzie. E. H. C. (1982). New hyphomycetes on monocotyledons. New Zealand Journal of Botany 20. 245-252. Mulder. J. L. (1975). Notes on Stenella. 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(Accepted 16 March 1994) 81-2