Persoonia 42, 2019: 291– 473
www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj
RESEARCH ARTICLE
ISSN (Online) 1878-9080
https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.11
Fungal Planet description sheets: 868 – 950
P.W. Crous1,2, A.J. Carnegie3, M.J. Wingfield 2, R. Sharma 4, G. Mughini 5, M.E. Noordeloos6,
A. Santini7, Y.S. Shouche4, J.D.P. Bezerra 8, B. Dima 9, V. Guarnaccia10, I. Imrefi 9,
Ž. Jurjević11, D.G. Knapp9, G.M. Kovács9, D. Magistà12, G. Perrone12, T. Rämä13,
Y.A. Rebriev14, R.G. Shivas15, S.M. Singh16,17, C.M. Souza-Motta8, R. Thangavel18,
N.N. Adhapure19, A.V. Alexandrova 20,21, A.C. Alfenas 22, R.F. Alfenas 23, P. Alvarado24,
A.L. Alves8, D.A. Andrade25, J.P. Andrade26, R.N. Barbosa8, A. Barili27, C.W. Barnes27,
I.G. Baseia28, J.-M. Bellanger 29, C. Berlanas30, A.E. Bessette31, A.R. Bessette31,
A.Yu. Biketova32, F.S. Bomfim8, T.E. Brandrud33, K. Bransgrove34, A.C.Q. Brito8, J.F. CanoLira35, T. Cantillo36, A.D. Cavalcanti8, R. Cheewangkoon 37, R.S. Chikowski 8, C. Conforto38,
T.R.L. Cordeiro 8, J.D. Craine39, R. Cruz 8, U. Damm40, R.J.V. de Oliveira42, J.T. de Souza43,
H.G. de Souza44, J.D.W. Dearnaley15, R.A. Dimitrov 45, F. Dovana46, A. Erhard11, F. EsteveRaventós47, C.R. Félix 25, G. Ferisin 48, R.A. Fernandes 49, R.J. Ferreira8, L.O. Ferro8,
C.N. Figueiredo 44, J.L. Frank50, K.T.L.S. Freire8, D. García35, J. Gené35, A. Gęsiorska51,
T.B. Gibertoni 8, R.A.G. Gondra52, D.E. Gouliamova 53, D. Gramaje 30, F. Guard 54,
L.F.P. Gusmão36, S. Haitook37, Y. Hirooka55, J. Houbraken1, V. Hubka56,57, A. Inamdar19,
T. Iturriaga58,59, I. Iturrieta-González 35, M. Jadan60, N. Jiang61, A. Justo62, A.V. Kachalkin63,64,
V.I. Kapitonov 65, M. Karadelev 66, J. Karakehian67, T. Kasuya 68, I. Kautmanová 69,
J. Kruse15, I. Kušan60, T.A. Kuznetsova70, M.F. Landell 25, K.-H. Larsson71, H.B. Lee72,
D.X. Lima 8, C.R.S. Lira 8, A.R. Machado8, H. Madrid73, O.M.C. Magalhães 8, H. Majerova74,
E.F. Malysheva75, R.R. Mapperson15, P.A.S. Marbach44, M.P. Martín76, A. Martín-Sanz77,
N. Matočec 60, A.R. McTaggart 78, J.F. Mello8, R.F.R. Melo8, A. Mešić 60, S.J. Michereff 79,
A.N. Miller 58, A. Minoshima55, L. Molinero-Ruiz 80, O.V. Morozova75, D. Mosoh4,
M. Nabe81, R. Naik16, K. Nara 82, S.S. Nascimento8, R.P. Neves8, I. Olariaga83,
R.L. Oliveira41, T.G.L. Oliveira8, T. Ono84, M.E. Ordoñez 27, A. de M. Ottoni 8, L.M. Paiva8,
F. Pancorbo85, B. Pant90, J. Pawłowska 51, S.W. Peterson86, D.B. Raudabaugh58,
E. Rodríguez-Andrade35, E. Rubio87, K. Rusevska66, A.L.C.M.A. Santiago 8, A.C.S. Santos8,
C. Santos88, N.A. Sazanova89, S. Shah90, J. Sharma91, B.D.B. Silva 92, J.L. Siquier 93,
M.S. Sonawane 4, A.M. Stchigel35, T. Svetasheva 94, N. Tamakeaw 37, M.T. Telleria76,
P.V. Tiago8, C.M. Tian61, Z. Tkalčec60, M.A. Tomashevskaya64, H.H. Truong55,
M.V. Vecherskii70, C.M. Visagie2,95, A. Vizzini 46, N. Yilmaz 2, I.V. Zmitrovich75,
E.A. Zvyagina96, T. Boekhout1,97, T. Kehlet 98, T. Læssøe98, J.Z. Groenewald1
Key words
ITS nrDNA barcodes
LSU
new taxa
systematics
Abstract Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia,
Chaetomella pseudocircinoseta and Coniella pseudodiospyri on Eucalyptus microcorys leaves, Cladophialophora
eucalypti, Teratosphaeria dunnii and Vermiculariopsiella dunnii on Eucalyptus dunnii leaves, Cylindrium grande and
Hypsotheca eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus grandis leaves, Elsinoe salignae on Eucalyptus saligna leaves, Marasmius
lebeliae on litter of regenerating subtropical rainforest, Phialoseptomonium eucalypti (incl. Phialoseptomonium gen.
nov.) on Eucalyptus grandis × camaldulensis leaves, Phlogicylindrium pawpawense on Eucalyptus tereticornis leaves,
Phyllosticta longicauda as an endophyte from healthy Eustrephus latifolius leaves, Pseudosydowia eucalyptorum
on Eucalyptus sp. leaves, Saitozyma wallum on Banksia aemula leaves, Teratosphaeria henryi on Corymbia henryi
leaves. Brazil, Aspergillus bezerrae, Backusella azygospora, Mariannaea terricola and Talaromyces pernambucoensis from soil, Calonectria matogrossensis on Eucalyptus urophylla leaves, Calvatia brasiliensis on soil, Carcinomyces
nordestinensis on Bromelia antiacantha leaves, Dendryphiella stromaticola on small branches of an unidentified
plant, Nigrospora brasiliensis on Nopalea cochenillifera leaves, Penicillium alagoense as a leaf endophyte on a
Miconia sp., Podosordaria nigrobrunnea on dung, Spegazzinia bromeliacearum as a leaf endophyte on Tilandsia
catimbauensis, Xylobolus brasiliensis on decaying wood. Bulgaria, Kazachstania molopis from the gut of the
beetle Molops piceus. Croatia, Mollisia endocrystallina from a fallen decorticated Picea abies tree trunk. Ecuador,
Hygrocybe rodomaculata on soil. Hungary, Alfoldia vorosii (incl. Alfoldia gen. nov.) from Juniperus communis roots,
Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi (incl. Kiskunsagia gen. nov.) from Fumana procumbens roots. India, Aureobasidium tremulum
as laboratory contaminant, Leucosporidium himalayensis and Naganishia indica from windblown dust on glaciers.
Italy, Neodevriesia cycadicola on Cycas sp. leaves, Pseudocercospora pseudomyrticola on Myrtus communis
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
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292
Abstract (cont.)
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
leaves, Ramularia pistaciae on Pistacia lentiscus leaves, Neognomoniopsis quercina (incl. Neognomoniopsis gen.
nov.) on Quercus ilex leaves. Japan, Diaporthe fructicola on Passiflora edulis × P. edulis f. flavicarpa fruit, Entoloma
nipponicum on leaf litter in a mixed Cryptomeria japonica and Acer spp. forest. Macedonia, Astraeus macedonicus
on soil. Malaysia, Fusicladium eucalyptigenum on Eucalyptus sp. twigs, Neoacrodontiella eucalypti (incl. Neoacrodontiella gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus urophylla leaves. Mozambique, Meliola gorongosensis on dead Philenoptera
violacea leaflets. Nepal, Coniochaeta dendrobiicola from Dendriobium lognicornu roots. New Zealand, Neodevriesia
sexualis and Thozetella neonivea on Archontophoenix cunninghamiana leaves. Norway, Calophoma sandfjordenica
from a piece of board on a rocky shoreline, Clavaria parvispora on soil, Didymella finnmarkica from a piece of Pinus
sylvestris driftwood. Poland, Sugiyamaella trypani from soil. Portugal, Colletotrichum feijoicola from Acca sellowiana. Russia, Crepidotus tobolensis on Populus tremula debris, Entoloma ekaterinae, Entoloma erhardii and Suillus
gastroflavus on soil, Nakazawaea ambrosiae from the galleries of Ips typographus under the bark of Picea abies.
Slovenia, Pluteus ludwigii on twigs of broadleaved trees. South Africa, Anungitiomyces stellenboschiensis (incl.
Anungitiomyces gen. nov.) and Niesslia stellenboschiana on Eucalyptus sp. leaves, Beltraniella pseudoportoricensis
on Podocarpus falcatus leaf litter, Corynespora encephalarti on Encephalartos sp. leaves, Cytospora pavettae on
Pavetta revoluta leaves, Helminthosporium erythrinicola on Erythrina humeana leaves, Helminthosporium syzygii
on a Syzygium sp. bark canker, Libertasomyces aloeticus on Aloe sp. leaves, Penicillium lunae from Musa sp. fruit,
Phyllosticta lauridiae on Lauridia tetragona leaves, Pseudotruncatella bolusanthi (incl. Pseudotruncatellaceae fam.
nov.) and Dactylella bolusanthi on Bolusanthus speciosus leaves. Spain, Apenidiella foetida on submerged plant
debris, Inocybe grammatoides on Quercus ilex subsp. ilex forest humus, Ossicaulis salomii on soil, Phialemonium
guarroi from soil. Thailand, Pantospora chromolaenae on Chromolaena odorata leaves. Ukraine, Cadophora
helianthi from Helianthus annuus stems. USA, Boletus pseudopinophilus on soil under slash pine, Botryotrichum
foricae, Penicillium americanum and Penicillium minnesotense from air. Vietnam, Lycoperdon vietnamense on soil.
Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
Article info Received: 1 April 2019; Accepted: 10 May 2019; Published: 19 July 2019.
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Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht,
The Netherlands;
corresponding author e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl.
Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and
Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa.
Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries,
Forestry, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia.
National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR), National Centre for Cell
Science, S.P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, Maharashtra,
India.
Research Center for Forestry and Wood - C.R.E.A., Via Valle della Quistione 27, 00166 Rome, Italy.
Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA
Leiden, The Netherlands.
Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - C.N.R., Via Madonna del Piano
10, 50019 Sesto fiorentino (FI), Italy.
Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,
Recife, Brazil.
Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Hungary.
DiSAFA, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, 10095 Grugliasco,
TO, Italy.
EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077,
USA.
Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR, Via Amendola 122/O,
70126 Bari, Italy.
Marbio, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø - The
Arctic University of Norway.
South Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-onDon, Russia.
Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba
4350, Australia.
National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Headland Sada,
Vasco-da-Gama-403 804, Goa, India.
Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, India.
Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries,
P.O. Box 2095, Auckland 1140, New Zealand.
Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Vivekanand Arts, Sardar
Dalipsingh Commerce and Science College, Aurangabad 431001, Maharashtra, India.
Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Faculty of Biology, 119234,
1, 12 Leninskie Gory Str., Moscow, Russia.
Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center,
Hanoi, Vietnam.
Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) 117198, 6
Miklouho-Maclay Str., Moscow, Russia.
Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa,
Brazil.
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Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Mato
Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil.
ALVALAB, Avda. de Bruselas 2-3B, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde – ICBS, Universidade Federal
de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina, S/N –
Novo Horizonte, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.
Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador.
Departamento Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade
Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, 59072-970, Natal,
RN, Brazil.
CEFE – CNRS – Université de Montpellier – Université Paul-Valéry
Montpellier – EPHE – IRD – INSERM, Campus CNRS, 1919 Route de
Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France.
Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (Gobierno de La Rioja-CSICUniversidad de La Rioja), Ctra. LO-20, Salida 13, 26007 Logroño, La
Rioja, Spain.
170 Live Oak Circle, Saint Marys, GA 31558, USA.
Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349
Oslo, Norway.
Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries,
Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia.
Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV),
Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain.
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira
de Santana, Av. Transnordestina, S/N – Novo Horizonte, 44036-900 Feira
de Santana, BA, Brazil.
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture,
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Instituto de Patología Vegetal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Córdoba, Argentina.
5320 N. Peachtree Road, Dunwoody, GA 30338, USA.
Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, PF 300 154, 02806
Görlitz, Germany.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Centro de
Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador
Salgado Filho, 3000, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil.
Comissão Executiva do Plano da Lavoura Cacaueira (CEPLAC)/CEPEC,
Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil.
Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Recôncavo da Bahia Federal University, Bahia, Brazil.
National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, 26 Yanko Sakazov
blvd, Sofia 1504, Bulgaria.
Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin,
Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy.
Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Area de Botánica), Universidad de
Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Via A. Vespucci 7, 1537, 33052 Cervignano del Friuli (UD), Italy.
Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Brasilia, Brasilia,
Brazil.
Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland OR 97520,
USA.
Department of Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Faculty of Biology,
Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki
i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
University Utrecht, P.O. Box 80125, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of
Sciences, 26 Acad. Georgi Bonchev, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
Maleny, Queensland, Australia.
Department of Clinical Plant Science, Faculty of Bioscience, Hosei University, 3-7-2 Kajino-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská
2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology
of the CAS, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey,
1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA.
Plant Pathology Herbarium, 334 Plant Science Building, Cornell University,
Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Department of Biology, Clark University, 950 Main St, Worcester, 01610,
MA, USA.
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms RAS, Pushchino, Russia.
Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station of the Ural Branch of the Russian
Academy of Sciences, 626152 Tobolsk, Russia.
Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss.
Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
Farlow Herbarium, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge,
MA 02138, USA.
Department of Biology, Keio University, 4-1-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521, Japan.
Slovak National Museum-Natural History Museum, vjanaskeho nab. 2,
P.O. Box 13, 81006 Bratislava, Slovakia.
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, Moscow, Russia.
Natural History Museum, P.O. Box 1172 Blindern 0318, University of Oslo,
Norway.
Environmental Microbiology Lab, Division of Food Technology, Biotechnology & Agrochemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Korea.
Acknowledgements We wish to thank Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa
do Estado de Mato Grosso (224618/2015) for financial support. The research
of Dániel G. Knapp, Ildikó Imrefi and Gábor M. Kovács was supported by
the National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Hungary (NKFIH
KH-130401) and the ELTE Institutional Excellence Program (1783-3/2018/
FEKUTSRAT) of the Hungarian Ministry of Human Capacities. Katerina
Rusevska and colleagues received support from the SYNTHESYS Project
(http://www.synthesys.info/), which is financed by the European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 ‘Capacities’ Program. The
authors express their gratitude to the Macedonian Ecological Society and
Biology Students’ Research Society for arranging collecting trips. Thalline
R.L. Cordeiro and co-authors express their gratitude to Conselho Nacional
de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenacão de
Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for and Fundação
de Amparo à Ciência do Estado de Pernambuco (FACEPE) for Master
scholarships provided to André L.C.M. de A. Santiago, Diogo X. Lima, Rafael
J.V. de Oliveira and Thalline R.L. Cordeiro. This manuscript was financed
by the projects ‘Diversity of Mucoromycotina in the different ecosystems of
the Atlantic Rainforest of Pernambuco’ (FACEPE – First Projects Program
PPP/FACEPE/CNPq – APQ– 0842-2.12/14) and Mucoromycotina from Atlantic Rainforest in the semiarid of Pernambuco (CNPq – Chamada Universal – 458391/2014-0). Vit Hubka was supported by the project BIOCEV
(CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0109) provided by the Ministry of Education, Youth and
Sports of the Czech Republic and ERDF and by the Charles University
Research Centre program No. 204069. Sujit Shah and colleagues thank the
University Grants Commission, Nepal; Centre for Co-operation in Science
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
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Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad
Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile.
Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237
Bratislava, Slovakia.
Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint
Petersburg, Russia.
Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico, RJB-CSIC, Plaza de
Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain.
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., Campus Dupont – Pioneer, Ctra.
Sevilla-Cazalla km 4.6, 41309 La Rinconada, Spain.
Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of
Queensland, St Lucia 4069, Australia.
Centro de Ciências Agrárias e da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal
do Cariri, Ceará, Brazil.
Department of Crop Protection, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC,
14004 Córdoba, Spain.
2-2-1, Sakuragaoka-nakamachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2226, Japan.
Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563, Japan.
Biology, Geology and Inorganic Chemistry department, Universidad Rey
Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
Ogasawara Subtropical Branch of Tokyo Metropolitan Agriculture and
Forestry Research Center, Komagari, Chichijima, Ogasawara, Tokyo,
Japan.
Pintores de El Paular 25, 28740 Rascafría, Madrid, Spain.
Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural
Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University
Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
C/ José Cueto 3 – 5ºB, 33401 Avilés, Asturias, Spain.
Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, BIORENUFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Institute of Biological Problems of the North, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan, Russia.
Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Nepal.
Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech. University, USA.
Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de
Botânica, 40170115 Ondina, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Carrer Major, 19, E-07300 Inca (Islas Baleares), Spain.
Biology and Technologies of Living Systems Department, Tula State Lev
Tolstoy Pedagogical University, 125 Lenin av., 300026 Tula, Russia.
Biosystematics Division, Agricultural Research Council – Plant Health and
Protection, P. Bag X134, Queenswood, Pretoria 0121, South Africa.
Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia.
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of
Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Natural History Museum of Denmark, Department of Biology, University
of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark.
& Technology among Developing Societies, Department of Science and
Technology, India; Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi for establishing
National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR), NCCS, Pune, India wide
grant letter no. BT/Coord.II/01/03/2016 dated 6th April 2017. Vladimir I.
Kapitonov and colleagues are very grateful to Brigitta Kiss for help in molecular studies, Bálint Dima and László G. Nagy for their critical notes. This
study was conducted under the research projects of the Tobolsk Complex
Scientific Station of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
(N АААА-А19-119011190112-5). Taiga Kasuya and co-authors thank Ms
Shizuka Ikegawa for her support with morphological observations. The study
of Olga V. Morozova, Ekaterina F. Malysheva and Ivan V. Zmitrovich was
carried out within the framework of research project of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS ‘Herbarium funds of the BIN RAS’ (АААА-А18118022090078-2). She and her colleagues are also grateful to the staff of
the Teberda and Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserves for the permission to collect
on their territories and for help in the field work. M.E. Noordeloos and his
collaborators thank the Kits van Waveren Foundation (Rijksherbariumfonds
Dr E. Kits van Waveren, Leiden, Netherlands) which contributed substantially to the costs of sequencing. Teresa Iturriaga and colleagues thank Angela Bond, Fungarium Manager at IMI, for sending ILLS the loan of the type
specimen of Meliola carvalhoi, the E.O. Wilson Biodiversity Laboratory in
Gorongosa National Park, to its Associate Director Piotr Naskrecki, to botanist Meg Coates Palgrave from Zimbabwe who identified the host of Meliola gorongosensis, and to the Ella Lyman Cabot Trust for funding to J. Karakehian to collect in the Park. Fernando Esteve-Raventós and co-authors
thank D. Bandini, T. Conca, E. Ferrari, M. Laso, P.B. Matheny, J. Rejos and
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P. Zapico for their valuable collaboration in the elaboration and completion
of this work. This study has been partially funded by a project granted by the
Spanish Science Council (CGL2017-86540-P) to F. Esteve-Raventós and
G. Moreno. Dilnora Gouliamova and colleagues were supported by a grant
from the Bulgarian Science Fund (D002-TK-176) and F7 Research and Infrastructure grant - European Consortium of Microbial Resource Centres.
The authors express their gratitude for Dr Borislav Guéorguiev from National Museum of Natural History (Sofia, Bulgaria) for the identification of
beetles. Alina V. Alexandrova is supported by the RUDN University Program
5-100, Russia. Amanda Lucia Alves and Ana Carla da Silva Santos acknowledge scholarships from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal
de Nível Superior (CAPES), Renan N. Barbosa a scholarship from the
Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa (CNPq) and Cristina M. Souza-Motta and
Patricia Vieira Tiago acknowledge financial support from the Pró-Reitoria de
Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação (Propesq). José Leonardo Siquier and JeanMichel Bellanger acknowledge A. Bidaud and L.A. Parra for help in species
identification, P. Alvarado for generating sequences and J. Planas for the
composition of the photographic plate. The research of Cobus M. Visagie
was supported by a grant from the NRF-FBIP Program (grant nr FBIS170605237212). Elena A. Zvyagina is supported by the KhMAO – Ugra
government assignment for Surgut State University; Yury A. Rebriev is supported by a government assignment for South Science Center RAS (AAAAA19-119011190176-7); Nina A. Sazanova is supported by a government
assignment for Institute of Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS
(АААА-А17-117122590002-0). Roberta Cruz and colleagues thank the
Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco –
FACEPE for financial support. Renata S. Chikowski and co-authors would
like to thank the Herbarium URM for the loan of exsiccates; PPGBF (UFPE,
Brazil), CNPq (SISBIOTA (563342/2010-2), PPBio Semi-Árido (457476/20125), PROTAX (562106/2010-3), Universal (472792/2011-3), PQ (307601/20153)), CAPES (Capes-SIU 008/13) and FACEPE (APQ 0375-2.03/15) for financial support; CAPES for the master scholarship of R.S. Chikowski and
PhD scholarship of Lira, and FACEPE for the PhD scholarship of R.S.
Chikowski and post-doctorate scholarship of C.R.S. Lira. Financial support
was provided to Renan de L. Oliveira and colleagues by the Coordination of
Improvement of Higher Level Personnel (CAPES) and National Council for
Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for CNPq-Universal 2016
(409960/2016-0) and for CNPq-Pesquisador visitante (407474/2013-7).
Areeb Inamdar and Nitin N. Adhapure are thankful to the Institution, Vivekanand Arts, Sardar Dalipsingh Commerce and Science College for providing Institutional support throughout the research work. Rohit Sharma and
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Mahesh S. Sonawane thank the Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi
for financial support for the establishment of National Centre for Microbial
Resource (NCMR), Pune wide grant letter no. BT/Coord.II/01/03/2016.
Amanda C.Q. Brito, Juliana F. Mello, Cinthia Conforto, Sami J. Michereff &
Alexandre R. Machado acknowledge financial support and/or scholarships
from CNPq, CAPES and FACEPE. Shiv Mohan Singh, Rohit Sharma and
co-authors thank the Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi for financial
support for the establishment of National Centre for Microbial Resource
(NCMR), Pune wide grant letter no. BT/Coord.II/01/03/2016 dated 6 April
2017. We are also thankful to Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
for financial support (NBAIM/AMAAS/2014-17/PF/24/21) for research on
Himalaya. Shiv Mohan Singh is thankful to Dr Perman and Sharma for help
during sampling and Ms Rohita Naik for technical aid. Jadson D.P. Bezerra
and colleagues acknowledge financial support and/or scholarships from the
CAPES (Finance Code 001), CNPQ / ICMBio (Processes numbers
421241/2017-9 and 310298/2018-0) and FACEPE (APQ-0143-2.12/15).
Dayse A. Andrade, Ciro R. Félix and Melissa F. Landell, are thankful for the
financial support, permissions and collaboration of the Coordenação de
Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Conselho Nacional do Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) (process numbers
475378/2013-0 and 408718/2013-7), Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio). Maria E. Ordoñez and colleagues acknowledge financial support obtained from Secretaria de Educación Superior,
Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del Ecuador (SENESCYT), Arca de Noé
Initiative. Ivona Kautmanová and colleagues were funded by the Operational Program of Research and Development and co-financed with the
European Fund for Regional Development (EFRD) ITMS 26230120004:
‘Building of research and development infrastructure for investigation of
genetic biodiversity of organisms and joining IBOL initiative’. This study was
partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía, Industria y
Competitividad (grant CGL2017-88094-P). Sincere thanks to Dr Teresa
Lebel (Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria) for initiating the citizen science
‘fungi-taxonomist’ project in Victoria, and providing molecular and taxonomic expertise. Angus Carnegie acknowledges the support of Forestry
Corporation of NSW, Australia. The research of Julia Pawłowska was partially supported by the National Science Centre, Poland, under grant no
2017/25/B/NZ8/00473. Neven Matočec, Ivana Kušan, Margita Jadan, Armin
Mešić and Zdenko Tkalčec were supported by the Croatian Science Foundation under the project ForFungiDNA (IP-2018-01-1736) and co-financed by
the Public Institution Sjeverni Velebit National Park.
295
Mucoromycotina
Saccharomycotina
Mucoromycota
Mucoromycetes
Saccharomycetes
Ascomycota
Mucorales
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycotina
Tremellomycetes
Leucosporidiales
Microbotryomycetes
Pucciniomycotina
Tremellales
Phytophthora capsici HQ665266.1
Backusella recurva JN206524.1
0.92
Backusella circina AB638474.1
Backusella circina AF157175.1
Backusella locustae KY449290.1
Backusellaceae
Backusella locustae KY449292.1
Backusella azygospora sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 908
0.98
Backusella lamprospora MH872125.1
Backusella lamprospora MH866118.1
Sugiyamaella trypani sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 947
Sugiyamaella valenteae KT005999.1
0.97
Sugiyamaella ayubii KR184132.1
0.95
0.95
Sugiyamaella bahiana NG_059957.1
Trichomonascaceae
Sugiyamaella lignohabitans JQ714002.1
Sugiyamaella marionensis NG_042427.1
0.96
Sugiyamaella pinicola NG_042430.1
Sugiyamaella neomexicana KY106598.1
Yamadazyma kitorensis LC060994.1
Debaryomycetaceae
Yamadazyma terventina JQ247716.1
Yamadazyma mexicanum JX188248.1
Nakazawaea ambrosiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 934
Nakazawaea ishiwadae KX078419.1
0.86
Nakazawaea holstii AB449811.1
0.95
Pichiaceae
Nakazawaea molendinolei HE799678.1
Nakazawaea wickerhamii HE799683.1
Nakazawaea peltata NG_055160.1
Kluyveromyces hubeiensis AB498999.1
Kazachstania piceae KY107939.1
Kazachstania lodderae KY107931.1
0.89
Kazachstania viticola AF398482.1
Kazachstania kunashirensis KY107927.1
0.97
Kazachstania martiniae KY107933.1
Saccharomycetaceae
Saccharomyces uvarum KY109469.1
Saccharomyces bayanus KY109214.1
Kazachstania psychrophila JX564243.1
KC878454.1
Kazachstania molopis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 926
HM627092.1
0.99
Leucosporidium intermedium KY108447.1
Leucosporidium fragarium NG_058330.1
Leucosporidium himalayensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 927
Leucosporidiaceae
0.98
Leucosporidium scottii KX452945.1
Leucosporidium yakuticum RKAT142
Naganishia adeliensis JX188113.1
Naganishia diffluens KY108612.1
Naganishia adeliensis JX188117.1
Naganishia albida KY106958.1
Naganishia albida KY744124.1
Tremellaceae
Naganishia vishniacii KY108625.1
Cryptococcus consortionis MF555713.1
0.96
Naganishia indica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 933
Naganishia friedmannii KY108613.1
0.92
Naganishia globosa KY108616.1
Carcinomyces arundinariae NG_058990.1
MK800011.1
MK792963.1 Carcinomyces nordestinensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 914
Carcinomycetaceae
MK792962.1
MK792964.1
Saitozyma podzolica NG_058283.1
Saitozyma wallum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 945
Trimorphomycetaceae
Saitozyma flava KY109523.1
0.96
Saitozyma flava MK182934.1
Bullera alba KU179840.1
Bulleraceae
Papiliotrema flavescens MH484046.1
0.91
Derxomyces hubeiensis NG_042403.1
Derxomyces komagatae NG_059095.1
Bulleribasidiaceae
Derxomyces pseudoschimicola NG_059151.1
0.94
Derxomyces schimicola KY107626.1
Saccharomycetales
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.1
Overview Mucoromycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 40 878 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (188 taxa including outgroup;
947 aligned positions; 656 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.84 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families, orders, classes, subdivisions and
phyla are indicated with coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names.
The tree was rooted to Phytophthora capsici (GenBank HQ665266.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were
available are indicated in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S24386).
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
296
0.1
Overview Mucoromycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota phylogeny (cont.) – part 2
Hygrophoraceae
Agaricales I
Stereaceae
Diplocystaceae
Agaricaceae
Marasmiaceae
Basidiomycota (continued)
Agaricomycotina (continued)
Boletinellaceae
Agaricomycetes
Boletaceae
Boletales
Suillaceae
Agaricales II
Aleurodiscus verrucosporus KY450790.1
Aleurodiscus tsugae KU574824.1
Aleurodiscus farlowii KU574820.1
Acanthophysium lividocaeruleum AY039314.1
Xylobolus subpileatus MH867100.1
Xylobolus frustulatus AY039307.1
MK491191.1
MK491192.1 Xylobolus brasiliensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 950
MK491193.1
Hygrocybe coccinea DQ457676.1
0.98
Hygrocybe coccinea KP965797.1
Hygrocybe purpureofolia KF291193.1
Hygrocybe parvula KF291189.1
Hygrocybe rodomaculata sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 924
Hygrocybe punicea HM026554.1
Hygrocybe appalachianensis MK278160.1
Hygrocybe reidii MK278177.1
Suillus granulatus KX170998.1
0.93
Suillus lakei KU721363.1
Suillus grevillei KU663264.1
Suillus gastroflavus sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 948
Suillus viscidus KT964638.1
Suillus grisellus KU663234.1
Suillus bresadolae GU187598.1
Boletus pseudopinophilus sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 909
Boletus pinophilus AF462358.1
Boletus subalpinus KF030340.1
Boletus subcaerulescens KF030341.1
Boletus aurantioruber KF030342.1
Boletus aereus KF030339.1
0.90
Boletus edulis AF071457.1
0.97
Boletus regineus KC184485.1
Phlebopus spongiosus NG_060059.1
Phlebopus sudanicus AF336261.1
Phlebopus portentosus AF336260.1
Astraeus asiaticus HE681778.1
Astraeus odoratus HE681781.1
Astraeus koreanus KY629428.1
Astraeus hygrometricus EU718158.1
MK496885.1
MK496886.1 Astraeus macedonicus sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 906
MK496884.1
Calvatia agaricoides MK278306.1
Calvatia candida MK277669.1
Calvatia craniiformis DQ112625.1
Calvatia gigantea AF518603.1
Calvatia brasiliensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 913
0.95
Marasmius ochroleucus KF896249.1
Marasmiellus carneopallidus MK278327.1
Marasmius lebeliae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 929
Marasmius siccus MH878260.1
Marasmius albopurpureus KP127676.1
0.89
Marasmius haematocephalus EF160083.1
Marasmius elegans MK278342.1
0.96 0.99
Marasmius collinus MK278340.1
Russulales
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
297
Fungal Planet description sheets
Crepidotus cesatii var. subsphaerosporus MK299400.1
Crepidotus cesatii MK277881.1
Crepidotus aff. subverrucisporus MK277891.1
Crepidotus tobolensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 918
Crepidotus epibryus MK277884.1
0.98
Crepidotus tigrensis MK277892.1
Crepidotus aff. alabamensis GQ892982.1
0.99
Crepidotus mollis DQ071698.2
Crepidotus calolepis FJ904178.1
0.94
Inocybe ovispora NG_064437.1
0.98
Inocybe horakomyces EU600854.1
Inocybe scissa KY827239.1
Inocybe acriolens JN974981.1
0.98
0.92
MK480524.1
Inocybe grammatoides sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 925
MK480523.1
Inocybe albodisca EU307819.1
0.85
Inocybe grammata JN974977.1
Inocybe grammata var. chamaesalicis MK480520.1
Pluteus chrysophlebius AF261581.1
Pluteus admirabilis AF261577.1
Pluteus umbrosus AF261580.1
Pluteus stenotrichus MK278517.1
0.88
Pluteus ephebeus AF261574.1
0.91
Pluteus multiformis MK278503.1
Pluteus ludwigii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 943
0.95
Pluteus eludens MK278496.1
Pluteus cinereofuscus MK278491.1
MH727523.1
0.88
MH727524.1
JQ415937.1
MH727522.1 Clavaria parvispora sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 915
MH727520.1
MH727521.1
Clavaria falcata JQ415945.1
Clavaria stegasauroides HQ877698.1
Clavaria alboglobospora HQ877682.1
0.92
Clavaria redoleoalii MF664107.1
0.90
Clavaria echino-olivacea KP257188.1
Clavaria ypsilondia KP257210.1
Tephrocybe rancida EU669300.1
Sphagnurus paluster MH873802.1
Sagaranella tylicolor AF223192.1
Ossicaulis yunnanensis KY411959.1
Hypsizygus tessulatus DQ917664.1
Tricholomella constricta AF223186.1
Ossicaulis salomii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 936
0.98
Ossicaulis lignatilis AF261397.1
0.98
Ossicaulis lachnopus HE649955.1
Entoloma vinaceum GU384631.1
Entoloma turbidum GQ289201.1
Entoloma indoviolaceum GQ289172.1
0.99
Entoloma
ameides MK277962.1
0.96
Entoloma vezzenaense GQ289204.1
0.99
Entoloma chalybaeum MK277978.1
MK733924.1
Entoloma erhardii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 923
0.85
MK733925.1
MK733926.1
MK733928.1 Entoloma ekaterinae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 922
MK733927.1
Entoloma serrulatum KX670995.1
Entoloma nipponicum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 921
Entoloma subserrulatum AF261291.1
Entoloma nigrosquamosa KX670996.1
0.88
Entoloma azureopallidum MK277981.1
Entoloma porphyrogriseum MK277960.1
Entoloma caesiellum KP329588.1
0.92
0.1
Overview Mucoromycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota phylogeny (cont.) – part 3
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Crepidotaceae
Inocybaceae
Lyophyllaceae
Entolomataceae
Basidiomycota (continued)
Agaricomycotina (continued)
Agaricomycetes (continued)
Clavariaceae
Agaricales II (continue)
Pluteaceae
298
0.92
Botryosphaeriales
Pleosporales
0.95
Candida broadrunensis KY106372.1
Neocoleroa metrosideri NG_059638.1
Fusicladium cordae MH873281.1
Fusicladium pini EU035436.1
Fusicladium ramoconidii EU035439.1
Sympoventuriaceae
Pleurotheciopsis tropicalis MH874311.1
Fusicladium eucalyptigenum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 875
Fusicladium amoenum EU035425.1
Fusicladium paraamoenum NG_058242.1
Phyllosticta lauridiae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 886
Phyllosticta philoprina KF766341.1
Phyllosticta telopeae KF766384.1
Phyllostictaceae
Phyllosticta hakeicola MH107953.1
Phyllosticta gaultheriae DQ678089.1
Corynespora torulosa NG_058866.1
Corynespora thailandica MK047505.1
Corynespora pseudocassiicola NG_064538.1
Corynesporascaceae
Corynespora cassiicola MH869486.1
Corynespora smithii GU323201.1
0.92 Corynespora encephalarti sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 884
0.98 Dendryphiella phitsanulokensis NG_064502.1
Dendryphiella eucalyptorum KJ869196.1
Dendryphiella stromaticola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 919
Dendryphiella fasciculata NG_059177.1
Dictyosporiaceae
0.87
Dendryphiella variabilis LT963454.1
Dendryphiella paravinosa NG_059137.1
Spegazzinia lobulata MH869344.1
0.99
Spegazzinia intermedia MH873861.1
Spegazzinia bromeliacearum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 946
Spegazzinia neosundara MH040812.1
0.91
Didymosphaeriaceae
Spegazzinia deightonii AB807581.1
Spegazzinia radermacherae MK347957.1
Spegazzinia tessarthra MH071197.1
Helminthosporium tiliae KY984343.1
Helminthosporium caespitosum KY984305.1
Helminthosporium oligosporum KY984333.1
Massarinaceae
Helminthosporium massarinum AB807523.1
Helminthosporium velutinum KU697305.1
Helminthosporium erythrinicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 894
Helminthosporium quercinum KY984338.1
Helminthosporium dalbergiae AB807521.1
0.97
Helminthosporium magnisporum AB807522.1
Helminthosporium syzygii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 895
Neoplatysporoides aloeicola NG_058160.1
Neoplatysporoides aloeicola KR476754.1
Libertasomyces aloeticus sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 885
Libertasomyces myopori NG_058241.1
Libertasomycetaceae
Libertasomyces platani NG_059744.1
Libertasomyces quercus DQ377883.1
Phomatodes nebulosa MH876211.1
Coniothyrium insitivum MH867370.1
Ascochyta ferulae MH871928.1
Coniothyrium laburniphilum MH870957.1
Coniothyrium populinum MH871018.1
Paraboeremia putaminum MH867523.1
Calophoma sandfjordenica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 896
Calophoma complanata EU754180.1
Didymellaceae
Ascochyta medicaginicola var. macrospora MH870279.1
Didymella finnmarkica sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 897
Didymella macrostoma MH871627.1
Didymella fabae FJ755246.1
0.86
Boeremia exigua var. exigua MH870775.1
Amorocoelophoma cassiae MK347956.1
Alfoldia vorosii gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 902
Angustimassarina coryli MF167432.1
Amorosiaceae
Angustimassarina populi KP888642.1
Angustimassarina rosarum MG828985.1
Angustimassarina alni KY548097.1
Lophiostoma quadrinucleatum GU385184.1
Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 903
Trematosphaeria terricola JX985750.1
0.96
Pseudoplatystomum scabridisporum GQ925844.1
Trematosphaeria heterospora AY016369.1
Lophiostomataceae
0.87
Sigarispora caulium AB619006.1
Lophiostoma macrostomoides EU552157.1
Lophiostoma macrostomum EU552141.1
0.87
Lophiostoma triseptatum GU385183.1
Lophiostoma viridarium FJ795443.1
0.99
Platystomum salicicola KT026110.1
Lophiostoma compressum KP888643.1
0.99
Guttulispora crataegi KP888640.1
Venturiales
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
0.01
Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny – part 1
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 22 278 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (164 taxa including outgroup;
809 aligned positions; 394 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.84 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to
Candida broadrunensis (GenBank KY106372.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated
in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S24386).
0.01
Overview Dothideomycetes phylogeny (cont.) – part 2
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Dothideales
Capnodiales
0.93
Endosporium populi-tremuloidis EU304348.1
Incertae sedis
Endosporium aviarium NG_059195.1
Elsinoe banksiigena MH327859.1
Elsinoe perseae MH867094.1
Elsinoe embeliae KX886974.1
Elsinoe eelemani KX372296.1
Elsinoe tectificae KX887055.1
0.85
Elsinoaceae
Elsinoe leucopogonis MH327858.1
Elsinoe hederae KX886994.1
Elsinoe salignae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 881
Elsinoe fagarae KX886981.1
Elsinoe lepagei KX887004.1
Pseudosydowia eucalyptorum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 876
0.95
Pseudosydowia eucalypti GQ303327.2
Saccotheciaceae
Cryptocline arctostaphyli MH873458.1
Saccothecium rubi NG_059644.1
Selenophoma mahoniae EU754213.1
Aureobasidium melanogenum MH867352.1
Aureobasidium tremulum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 907
0.92
Aureobasidium caulivorum EU167576.1
Aureobasidiaceae
0.97
Aureobasidium lini MH866211.1
Aureobasidium pullulans DQ470956.1
Aureobasidium proteae JN712556.1
0.89
Aureobasidium pullulans MG812615.1
Apenidiella strumelloidea EU019277.1
Apenidiella foetida sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 904
Microcyclospora pomicola NG_064231.1
Microcyclospora tardicrescens NG_064232.1
0.93
Microcyclospora malicola NG_064230.1
0.96
Teratosphaeria dimorpha FJ493215.1
0.96
Teratosphaeria profusa FJ493220.1
Teratosphaeria terminaliae NG_058053.1
Teratosphaeriaceae
Teratosphaeria dunnii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 878
Teratosphaeria molleriana KF251777.1
Teratosphaeria stellenboschiana MH874553.1
Teratosphaeria gracilis MK047506.1
Teratosphaeria nubilosa NG_057854.1
0.97
Teratosphaeria destructans EU019287.2
0.98
Teratosphaeria henryi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 872
Neodevriesia capensis JN712568.1
Neodevriesia sexualis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 893
Neodevriesia cycadicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 882
Neodevriesia knoxdaviesii MH874778.1
Neodevriesia imbrexigena JX915749.1
Neodevriesiaceae
Neodevriesia simplex KF310027.1
0.91
Neodevriesia queenslandica MH876827.1
Neodevriesia hilliana GU214414.1
Neodevriesia agapanthi NG_042688.1
Neodevriesia xanthorrhoeae HQ599606.1
Ramularia vizellae JN712567.1
Ramularia endophylla MH875006.1
Ramularia unterseheri KP894153.1
0.86
Pantospora chromolaenae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 890
Passalora sp. GQ852623.1
Ragnhildiana pseudotithoniae NG_058049.1
Ragnhildiana diffusa MH866148.1
Ragnhildiana perfoliati GU214453.1
Rosenscheldiella korthalsellae NG_059436.1
0.92
Fulvia fulva DQ008163.2
Dothistroma septosporum MH876535.1
0.97
Dothistroma pini GU214426.1
Pantospora guazumae NG_042589.1
Pseudocercospora punctata GU214407.1
Pseudocercospora tamarindi KP744506.1
Pseudocercospora cyathicola JF951159.1
Pseudocercospora fori MH874492.1
Mycosphaerellaceae
Pseudocercospora macadamiae MH876612.1
Pseudocercospora crocea MH875339.1
Pseudocercospora rhabdothamni MH874533.1
Pseudocercospora madagascariensis MH874880.1
Pseudocercospora ranjita MH875340.1
0.86
Pseudocercospora dovyalidis MH875338.1
Pseudocercospora rhamnellae MH877382.1
Pseudocercospora cydoniae MH877505.1
Pseudocercospora pseudomyrticola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 883
Pseudocercospora abelmoschi GU253696.1
Pseudocercospora eustomatis GU253744.1
Pseudocercospora ravenalicola GU253828.1
Pseudocercospora ampelopsis GU253846.1
Pseudocercospora pittospori MK210500.1
Pseudocercospora oenotherae MH877493.1
Pseudocercospora glauca MH877497.1
Pseudocercospora chengtuensis MH877506.1
Myriangiales
299
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Coryneliaceae
Coryneliales
Trichomeriaceae
Chaetothyriales
Strelitzianaceae
Aspergillaceae
Eurotiales
Candida broadrunensis KY106372.1
Strelitziana syzygii MH878161.1
Strelitziana australiensis NG_057834.1
Neophaeococcomyces aloes KF777234.1
Exophiala placitae MH874694.1
Knufia petricola FJ358249.1
Cladophialophora proteae FJ372405.1
0.91
Exophiala encephalarti HQ599589.1
Brycekendrickomyces acaciae MH874874.1
Cladophialophora eucalypti sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 880
Cf. Pyricularia parasitica KM485030.1
Hypsotheca maxima KX891228.1
0.89
Hypsotheca nigra KP144011.1
Hypsotheca pleomorpha MK442528.1
MK876435.1
Hypsotheca eucalyptorum sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 899
MK876434.1
Caliciopsis pinea DQ678097.1
Caliciopsis eucalypti NG_059013.1
Caliciopsis orientalis NG_058741.1
Caliciopsis valentina NG_060419.1
Caliciopsis beckhausii NG_060418.1
Caliciopsis indica GQ259980.1
Aspergillus neoglaber MH868937.1
Aspergillus denticulatus MH878413.1
Aspergillus sublevisporus MH876532.1
0.94
Aspergillus bezerrae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 905
Aspergillus fumigatus MH876787.1
0.99
0.96 Aspergillus aureolus MH868933.1
Aspergillus pseudofelis MH878094.1
0.95
Aspergillus felis MH876952.1
Penicillium abidjanum NG_064064.1
0.90
Penicillium anatolicum MH870505.1
Penicillium corylophilum MH869418.1
0.94
Penicillium citrinum NG_063989.1
0.96
Penicillium macrosclerotiorum MH874561.1
0.89
Penicillium estinogenum MH876746.1
Penicillium yezoense NG_064023.1
Penicillium antarcticum NG_064177.
0.98
Penicillium biforme JQ434690.1
Penicillium expansum AB479278.1
Penicillium lunae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 940
Penicillium indicum MH873084.1
Penicillium herquei MH875690.1
Penicillium malachiteum FJ358281.1
Penicillium adametzii NG_063970 .1
Penicillium jugoslavicum MH873751.1
0.01
Overview Eurotiomycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 7 802 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (46 taxa including outgroup; 816
aligned positions; 282 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.84 are shown at the nodes
and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with coloured
blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Candida
broadrunensis (GenBank KY106372.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold
face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S24386).
Glomerellaceae
Diaporthaceae
Cytosporaceae
Schizoparmaceae
Diaporthales
Candida broadrunensis KY106372.1
Colletotrichum feijoicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 916
Colletotrichum novae-zelandiae MH877051.1
Colletotrichum karstii MH877253.1
Colletotrichum oncidii MH877053.1
0.97
Colletotrichum torulosum MH876451.1
Colletotrichum boninense DQ286171.1
Colletotrichum petchii MH875299.1
Colletotrichum hippeastri MH874999.1
0.98
Colletotrichum hippeastri MH874998.1
Diaporthe perjuncta NG_059064.1
Diaporthe padi AF408354.1
0.98
Diaporthe pustulata AF408357.1
Phaeocytostroma plurivorum JX681106.1
Diaporthe oncostoma AF408353.1
Diaporthe eres AF408350.1
Diaporthe oncostoma MF373352.1
Diaporthe maritima KU552030.1
0.99
Diaporthe angelicae NG_059068.1
Diaporthe arctii AF362562.1
0.99
LC480422.1
Diaporthe fructicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 920
LC480421.1
Diaporthe phaseolorum AY346279.1
Diaporthe actinidiae KX609783.1
Cytospora pavettae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 889
Cytospora nitschkei MH874559.1
Cytospora thailandica MH253456.1
Cytospora lumnitzericola MH253453.1
Cytospora xylocarpi MH253454.1
Coniella tibouchinae JQ281777.2
Coniella limoniformis NG_058964.1
Coniella africana AY339293.1
Coniella straminea AY339296.1
Coniella
nicotianae MH878278.1
0.97
Coniella diospyri MK047490.1
0.99 MK876423.1
Coniella pseudodiospyri sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 873
MK876422.1
Ambarignomonia petiolorum AY818963.1
0.87
Sirococcus castaneae KX929769.1
Cryptodiaporthe aubertii KX929803.1
Neognomoniopsis quercina gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 898
Gnomoniopsis chamaemori EU255107.1
0.93
Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi MH877030.1
Gnomoniopsis rosae MK047501.1
Plagiostoma inclinatum EU255183.1
Plagiostoma euphorbiae AF408382.1
Plagiostoma amygdalinae EU255165.1
0.99
Plagiostoma pseudobavaricum EU255186.1
Plagiostoma salicellum AF408345.1
Plagiostoma aesculi EU255164.1
Plagiostoma apiculatum EU255166.1
Plagiostoma rhododendri EU255187.1
Plagiostoma fraxini AF362552.1
0.98
Plagiostoma devexum EU255171.1
Glomerellales
301
Fungal Planet description sheets
Gnomoniaceae
0.01
Overview Diaporthales and Glomerellales (Sordariomycetes) phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 21 752 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (54 taxa including outgroup; 781
aligned positions; 185 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.84 are shown at the nodes
and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with coloured
blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Candida
broadrunensis (GenBank KY106372.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold
face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S24386).
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Candida broadrunensis KY106372.1
Cylindrium syzygii JQ044441.1
Cylindrium purgamentum KY173525.1
Cylindrium sp. MK876426.1
Cylindrium grande sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 900
Tristratiperidium microsporum KT696539.1
0.93
Cylindrium elongatum KM231732.1
0.91
Cylindrium elongatum KM231733.1
Cylindriaceae
Cylindrium algarvense MH874925.1
Cylindrium aeruginosum MH870373.1
Niesslia stellenboschiana sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 868
Acremonium nigrosclerotium MH872160.1
Niesslia tenuis MH870489.1
Niesslia exilis AY489720.1
Acremonium pseudozeylanicum NG_056989.1
Rosasphaeria moravica JF440985.1
Eucasphaeria rustici KY173501.1
Eucasphaeria capensis EF110619.1
Niesslia cladoniicola MG826850.1
Niessliaceae
Niesslia exigua MG826738.1
0.90
Niesslia aemula MG826847.1
Hypocreales
Niesslia pulchriseta MG826848.1
0.95
Niesslia arctiicola NG_058531.1
Niesslia curvisetosa NG_058532.1
Niesslia aemula MG826805.1
0.87
Niesslia aemula MG826761.1
Niesslia exosporioides MH872254.1
0.87
Niesslia india CBS 313.61
Acremonium lichenicola MH871536.1
Phialoseptomonium eucalypti gen et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 874
Trichonectria rectipila MH873746.1
0.98
Mariannaea humicola KM231619.1
Mariannaea aquaticola GQ153837.1
Nectriaceae
Mariannaea fusiformis KX986140.1
Mariannaea terricola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 930
Mariannaea punicea MH878302.1
Mariannaea elegans MH875521.1
0.01
Overview Hypocreales (Sordariomycetes) phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 13 052 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (37 taxa including outgroup; 761
aligned positions; 181 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.84 are shown at the nodes
and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with coloured
blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Candida
broadrunensis (GenBank KY106372.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold
face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S24386).
303
Fungal Planet description sheets
Chaetosphaeria rivularia KR347357.1
0.94
Menisporopsis anisospora MH874421.1
Thozetella pandanicola MH376740.1
0.96
Thozetella pinicola EU825195.1
Chaetosphaeriaceae
Thozetella neonivea sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 892
0.89
Thozetella tocklaiensis MH869349.1
Chaetosphaeriales
Ramularia endophylla MH875006.1
Dictyochaeta mimusopis MH107935.1
Thozetella fabacearum NG_059767.1
Botryotrichum foricae sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 910
Zopfiella ebriosa AY346305.1
Botryotrichum piluliferum MH869989.1
Chaetomium ancistrocladum MH875681.1
0.96
Chaetomiaceae
Chaetomium ancistrocladum MH875662.1
Botryotrichum murorum MH877911.1
Chaetomium circinatum MH873424.1
Sordariales
Chaetomidium cephalothecoides AF286413.1
Phialemonium atrogriseum NG_057883.1
Phialemonium guarroi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 941
Phialemonium inflatum MH868406.1
Cephalothecaceae
Cephalotheca sulfurea AF096188.1
Vermiculariopsiella eucalypticola MG386123.1
Vermiculariopsiella acaciae KX228314.1
Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum MK047487.1
Vermiculariopsiellaceae
Vermiculariopsiella pediculata MH877476.1
0.85
0.95
Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti KX228303.1
Vermiculariopsiellales
Vermiculariopsiella dichapetali KJ869186.1
Vermiculariopsiella dunnii sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 871
Coniochaeta dendrobiicola sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 917
Coniochaeta angustispora MH872549.1
0.87
Coniochaeta mutabilis MH878308.1
0.99
Coniochaeta velutina MH870991.1
0.90
0.92
Coniochaeta luteoviridis MH867444.1
Coniochaetaceae
Coniochaetales
Coniochaeta hoffmannii MH870996.1
Coniochaeta lignicola MH866886.1
0.01
Overview other orders (Sordariomycetes) phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 14 252 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (35 taxa including outgroup;
724 aligned positions; 192 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.84 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to
Ramularia endophylla (GenBank MH875006.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated
in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S24386).
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Ramularia endophylla MH875006.1
Lepteutypa fuckelii KT949903.1
Amphisphaeriaceae
Lepteutypa sambuci KT949906.1
Beltraniella thailandica MH260282.1
Beltraniella humicola MH870044.1
Beltraniella pseudoportoricensis sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 877
Beltraniella ramosiphora MG717502.1
Beltraniella endiandrae NG_058665.1
Beltraniaceae
0.96
Beltraniella portoricensis MH871777.1
Beltraniella pandanicola MH260281.1
0.97
Beltraniella fertilis MF580254.1
0.94
Beltraniella acaciae KY173483.1
Leiosphaerella lycopodina JF440975.1
Pseudomassariaceae
Leiosphaerella praeclara JF440976.1
Pestalotiopsis portugalica KM116233.1
Pestalotiopsis microspora KY366173.1
0.84
Pestalotiopsis kenyana KM116234.1
Pestalotiopsis papuana KM116240.1
Pestalotiopsis chamaeropis MH867450.1
0.99
Seimatosporium vaccinii AF382374.1
Seimatosporium rosicola MG829070.1
Sporocadaceae
Seimatosporium lichenicola MH866329.1
Coryneum foliicola MH866705.1
Sporocadus trimorphus MH554196.1
Sporocadus mali MH554261.1
0.97
Seimatosporium rosigenum MG829071.1
0.89
Sporocadus rosarum MH554189.1
Seimatosporium pseudorosarum KT281912.1
0.87
Diamantinia citrina AY346278.1
0.98
Hyponectriaceae
Hyponectria buxi AY083834.1
Pseudotruncatellaceae fam. nov.
Pseudotruncatella bolusanthi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 869
Fungal Planet 869
Pseudotruncatella arezzoensis MG192317.1
Oxydothis metroxylonis KY206764.1
Oxydothis palmicola KY206765.1
Oxydothidaceae I
0.85 Oxydothis rhapidicola KY206766.1
Xylaria badia JQ862643.1
Xylariaceae
Xylaria acuta JQ862637.1
0.96
Entosordaria quercina MF488994.1
Entosordaria perfidiosa MF488993.1
0.92
Barrmaelia rhamnicola MF488990.1
Barrmaeliaceae
Barrmaelia oxyacanthae MF488988.1
Barrmaelia macrospora KC774566.1
Barrmaelia moravica MF488987.1
Anungitiomyces stellenboschiensis gen. et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 901
Incertae sedis
Arthrinium ovatum NG_042782.1
Arthrinium malaysianum NG_042780.1
Apiosporiaceae
0.99 Arthrinium kogelbergense NG 042779.1
Oxydothis garethjonesii KY206762.1
Oxydothidaceae II
0.99
Oxydothis frondicola AY083835.1
Vialaea mangifia KF724975.1
Vialaeaceae
Vialaea insculpta KF511803.1
Vialaea minutella KC181924.1
Pseudophloeospora eucalyptorum NG_058245.1
Pseudophloeospora eucalypti HQ599593.1
Polyscytalum neofecundissimum MH107956.1
Subulispora rectilineata MH872029.1
Anungitea grevilleae KX228304.1
Polyscytalum chilense MH107954.1
0.85
Anungitea nullica NG_057150.1
Phlogicylindriaceae
Polyscytalum eucalyptigenum NG_057129.1
Phlogicylindrium pawpawense sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 887
Phlogicylindrium uniforme JQ044445.1
0.99
Phlogicylindrium mokarei NG_059750.1
0.94
Phlogicylindrium dunnii MK442548.1
0.90
Phlogicylindrium tereticornis NG_058510.1
Xylariales
0.98
0.01
Overview Xylariales (Sordariomycetes) phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 35 702 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (65 taxa including outgroup;
736 aligned positions; 194 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.84 are shown at the
nodes and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families and orders are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession and/or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to
Ramularia endophylla (GenBank MH875006.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated
in bold face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S24386).
305
Fungal Planet description sheets
0.99
Orbiliaceae
Orbilia asomatica KT222399.1
0.98
Dactylella rhopalota AY261177.1
Umbilicariaceae
Umbilicariales
Umbilicaria thamnodes JQ740000.1
0.86
Acarosporaceae
Family
Acarosporales
Umbilicaria indica JQ739992.1
Gomphillaceae
Graphidales
Umbilicaria calvescens HM161604.1
Umbilicaria squamosa JQ739998.1
Neoacrodontiella eucalypti gen et sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 888
0.97
Cytosporella chamaeropis MH871929.1
Acarospora thamnina KF024746.1
Corticifraga peltigerae KY661661.1
Taitaia aurea NG_060021.1
0.85
Gomphillus americanus KY381580.1
Lecanoromycetes
Orbilia cardui KT222403.1
Dactylella zhongdianensis KT380101.1
Orbiliales
Dactylella bolusanthi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 870
Orbiliomycetes
Candida broadrunensis KY106372.1
Drechslerella brochopaga AY261176.1
Gomphillus calycioides MH887485.1
Chaetomella pseudocircinoseta sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 879
Chaetomella circinoseta MH869712.1
Pilidium acerinum MH871956.1
0.94
Pyrenochaeta ligni-putridi MH874134.1
Chaetomellaceae
Neolauriomycetaceae
Sphaerographium nyssicola MH876287.1
Chaetomellales
Chaetomella acutiseta AY544679.1
Pilidium septatum NG_060185.1
Mollisia lividofusca MH878517.1
Patellariopsis dennisii MK120898.1
Mollisiaceae
Mollisia ligni MF161301.1
Acidomelania panicicola KF874624.1
0.88
Cadophora luteo-olivacea MF494615.1
Helotiales
Pyrenopeziza lonicerae MH869339.1
Cadophora fastigiata JN938877.1
Pyrenopeziza chamaenerii MH869336.1
Cadophora luteo-olivacea MH876422.1
Cadophora malorum MH869241.1
Leotiomycetes
Mollisia endocrystallina sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 932
Ploettnerulaceae
Cadophora fastigiata MH871243.1
Cadophora helianthi sp. nov. - Fungal Planet 911
Rhynchosporium agropyri KU844334.1
Rhynchosporium orthosporum KU844335.1
Rhynchosporium lolii KU844336.1
0.1
Overview Orbiliomycetes, Lecanoromycetes and Leotiomycetes phylogeny
Consensus phylogram (50 % majority rule) of 58 402 trees resulting from a Bayesian analysis of the LSU sequence alignment (41 taxa including outgroup; 812
aligned positions; 350 unique site patterns) using MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) >0.84 are shown at the nodes
and thickened lines represent nodes with PP = 1.00. The scale bar represents the expected changes per site. Families, orders and classes are indicated with
coloured blocks to the right of the tree. GenBank accession or Fungal Planet numbers are indicated behind the species names. The tree was rooted to Candida
broadrunensis (GenBank KY106372.1) and the taxonomic novelties described in this study for which LSU sequence data were available are indicated in bold
face. The alignment and tree were deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID S24386).
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Niesslia stellenboschiana
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Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 868 – 19 July 2019
Niesslia stellenboschiana Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Stellenbosch, South Africa, where this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Niessliaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Colonies flat, spreading, forming mucoid orange conidial masses
on densely aggregated sporodochia. Mycelium of hyaline,
smooth, branched, septate, 1.5–2.5 mm diam hyphae. Conidiophores aggregated in clusters, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth,
1– 3-septate, 7– 35 × 2.5 – 3.5 mm, branched, with secondary
and tertiary branches 6 –10 × 2.5 – 3.5 mm, giving rise to 1– 4
cymbiform phialides, 8 –10 × 2 – 3 mm, with visible periclinal
thickening, and short, non-flared collarettes, 0.5 –1.5 mm long.
Conidia aseptate, solitary, aggregating in mucoid mass, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, cylindrical, straight, apex obtuse, base
tapered, truncate, 0.5 mm diam, (6 –)6.5 –7(– 8) × (1.5 –)2 mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with sparse
aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 35 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and reverse saffron. On PDA and OA surface and reverse amber with diffuse
amber pigment.
Notes — Species of Niesslia are commonly isolated from
plant litter. As presently defined, Niesslia includes asexual
morphs formerly known as Monocillium (Gams et al. 2019).
Niesslia stellenboschiana clustered between N. tenuis and
‘Acremonium’ nigrosclerotium, and further phylogenetic studies
will be required to resolve the taxonomy of this complex.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Monocillium ligusticum (GenBank MF681489.1;
Identities = 530/568 (93 %), 10 gaps (1 %)), Monocillium tenue
(GenBank MG826947.1; Identities = 538/577 (93 %), 16 gaps
(2 %)) and Niesslia subiculosa (GenBank MG826970.1; Identities = 523/562 (93 %), 12 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Acremonium nigrosclerotium (GenBank
MH872160.1; Identities = 824/836 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Monocillium tenue (GenBank MH870489.1; Identities = 822/836
(98 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Niesslia exilis (GenBank AY489720.1;
Identities = 822/836 (98 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Acremonium
pseudozeylanicum (GenBank HQ232101.1; Identities = 811/
826 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. South AfricA, Western Cape Province, Stellenbosch Mountain,
on leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS
H-23933, culture ex-type CPC 34689 = CBS 145531, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MK876400.1 and MK876441.1, MycoBank MB830822).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus leaf N. stellenboschiana was isolated from.
Colony on oatmeal agar; conidiophores with conidiogenous cells; conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
308
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Pseudotruncatella bolusanthi
309
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 869 – 19 July 2019
Pseudotruncatellaceae Crous, fam. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the genus Pseudotruncatella.
Classification — Pseudotruncatellaceae, Amphisphaeriales,
Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata acervular to pycnidioid, gregarious, oval. Conidiophores arising from basal and lateral cells in cavity, cylindrical,
septate, branched, at times reduced to conidiogenous cells,
smooth, hyaline. Conidiogenous cells subcylindrical, hyaline,
smooth, proliferating percurrently at apex. Conidia fusoid, straight,
septate, with central tubular apical appendage, unbranched
or bifurcate; basal cell, narrowly obconic with a truncate base,
hyaline, smooth; two median cells dark brown, smooth, guttulate, thick-walled, fusoid. Sexual morph unknown.
Type genus: Pseudotruncatella R.H. Perera et al.
MycoBank MB830823.
Pseudotruncatella bolusanthi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Bolusanthus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Conidiomata acervular to pycnidioid, gregarious, oval, 150–200
mm diam. Conidiophores arising from basal and lateral cells in
cavity, cylindrical, 0 – 3-septate, branched, at times reduced to
conidiogenous cells, smooth, hyaline, 10 – 30 × 3 – 4 mm. Conidiogenous cells subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, proliferating
percurrently at apex, 8–12 × 2–3 mm. Conidia (15–)17–20(–22)
× (5 –)6.5 –7 mm, fusoid, straight, 2-septate, constricted at
medium septum, with central tubular apical appendage, unbranched or bifurcate, 15 – 30 × 1.5 – 2 mm; basal cell 3 – 5
× 4 – 5 mm, narrowly obconic with a truncate base, hyaline,
smooth; two median cells (13 –)14 –15(–17) × (5 –)6.5 –7 mm,
dark brown, smooth, guttulate, thick-walled, fusoid.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface hazel,
reverse isabelline. On PDA surface honey, reverse isabelline
in centre, honey in outer region. On OA surface honey.
Typus. South AfricA, Mpumalanga Province, Kruger National Park, on
leaves of Bolusanthus speciosus (Fabaceae), 19 Nov. 2010, P.W. Crous,
HPC 2263 (holotype CBS H-23934, culture ex-type CPC 34700 = CBS
145532, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876407.1 and MK876448.1,
MycoBank MB830824).
Notes — The genera of appendaged coelomycetes in Sporocadaceae have recently been treated by Liu et al. (2019). The
monotypic genus Pseudotruncatella was introduced by Perera
et al. (2018) for a truncatella-like coelomycete occurring on dead
branches of Cytisus and Helichrysum in Italy. Pseudotruncatella
bolusanthi can be distinguished from P. arezzoensis (conidia
20 – 25 × 5.4 – 6.5 μm, 3-septate), based on its smaller, 2-septate conidia. Pseudotruncatellaceae is allied to a sequence of
Hyponectria buxi (Hyponectriaceae), although there are no
cultures to confirm the placement of the latter family.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Pseudotruncatella arezzoensis (GenBank
MG192321.1; Identities = 477/508 (94 %), 9 gaps (1 %)), Castanediella eucalypti (GenBank KR476723.1; Identities = 468/
518 (90 %), 14 gaps (2 %)) and Castanediella communis (GenBank KY173393.1; Identities = 475/527 (90 %), 14 gaps (3 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Pseudotruncatella
arezzoensis (GenBank MG192317.1; Identities = 784/786
(99 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Pseudophloeospora eucalyptorum (GenBank MH878224.1; Identities = 760/786 (97 %), 1 gap (0 %))
and Oxydothis garethjonesii (GenBank KY206762.1; Identities = 760/787 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Leaves of Bolusanthus speciosus. Conidiomata on
oatmeal agar; conidiogenous cells and conidia; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
310
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Dactylella bolusanthi
311
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 870 – 19 July 2019
Dactylella bolusanthi Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Bolusanthus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Orbiliaceae, Orbiliales, Orbiliomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, hyaline, smooth,
2.5–3 mm diam hyphae, frequently forming hyphal coils. Conidiophores 0–1-septate, mostly reduced to conidiogenous cells,
erect, straight, hyaline, smooth, with apical taper to truncate
apex, 10 – 50 × 3 – 4 mm. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth,
subcylindrical with apical taper, phialidic, apex 2 mm diam, collarette mostly not visible, 10 – 30 × 3 – 4 mm. Conidia solitary,
fusoid, straight to flexuous, widest in middle, apex subobtuse,
base truncate, 2 mm diam, hyaline smooth, guttulate, 5–11-septate, (42–)50 – 65(–75) × 5(– 6) mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA
surface salmon, reverse saffron. On PDA surface and reverse
dirty white. On OA surface pale luteous to saffron.
Notes — Dactylella bolusanthi is similar to other species of
Dactylella (Seifert et al. 2011), as conidiophores are mostly reduced to solitary, erect, monophialides on superficial mycelium
(periclinal thickening inconspicuous), and all structures remain
hyaline with age.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Dactylella zhongdianensis (GenBank KT222436.1;
Identities = 702/836 (84 %), 44 gaps (5 %)), Dactylella rhopalota (GenBank DQ494369.1; Identities = 493/559 (88 %), 25
gaps (4 %)) and Orbilia cardui (GenBank KT222403.1; Identities = 503/575 (87 %), 22 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Dactylella zhongdianensis (GenBank
KT380101.1; Identities = 822/836 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Orbilia
cardui (GenBank KT222403.1; Identities = 817/833 (98 %), no
gaps) and Dactylella rhopalota (GenBank AY261177.1; Identities = 820/840 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. South AfricA, Mpumalanga Province, Kruger National Park, on
leaves of Bolusanthus speciosus (Fabaceae), 19 Nov. 2010, P.W. Crous,
HPC 2263 (holotype CBS H-23935, culture ex-type CPC 34702 = CBS
145533, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876387.1 and MK876428.1,
MycoBank MB830825).
Colour illustrations. Leaves of Bolusanthus speciosus. Conidiogenous
cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
312
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Vermiculariopsiella dunnii
313
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 871 – 19 July 2019
Vermiculariopsiella dunnii Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus dunnii, the host species from
which this fungus was isolated.
Classification — Helminthosphaeriaceae, Sordariales, Sordariomycetes.
Colonies sporulating profusely throughout on SNA. Setae erect,
brown, cylindrical, straight to flexuous, 150 – 200 × 3 – 4 µm,
thick-walled, smooth, 8 –10-septate, tapering towards apex,
developing a head of lateral coiled to whip-like branches
(constricted at base where attached to setae), that are brown,
septate, tapering, containing coiled, septate lateral branches
that could again contain coiled, lateral, branched, mostly aseptate branches. Conidiophores arranged in a whorl around base
of setae, pale brown, smooth, subcylindrical, branched or not,
0–6-septate, containing conidiogenous cells that are arranged
laterally along its length or at times reduced to conidiogenous
cells. Conidiogenous cells solitary, monophialidic, discrete, ampulliform to subulate, pale brown, 15–20 × 4–5 µm, apex 1–1.5
µm diam, with minute collarette (1– 2 µm long), at times with
percurrent proliferation at apex. Conidia asymmetrical, fusoid
to subfusoid or oblong, attenuated, base bluntly rounded to
somewhat inflated, aseptate, smooth, hyaline, finely granular,
(6 –)7.5 – 9(–10) × (2 –)2.5(– 3) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with sparse
aerial mycelium and smooth, even margin, reaching 25 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and reverse ochreous. On PDA surface and reverse isabelline. On OA surface
isabelline.
Notes — Vermiculariopsiella dunnii is closely related to
V. eucalypti (conidia (5 –)7– 9(–10) × (2 –)2.5 µm; on leaves of
Eucalyptus regnans, Australia, Victoria, Toolangi State Forest;
Crous et al. 2016). In our overview phylogeny of Vermiculariopsiella it clusters apart with isolate KAS819, suggesting it to
be a distinct species. A revision of the genus is presently in
preparation, and will be published elsewhere.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti (GenBank NR_
154637.1; Identities = 525/538 (98 %), 6 gaps (1 %)), Vermiculariopsiella pediculata (as Gyrothrix pediculata, GenBank
HF678527.1; Identities = 494/519 (95 %), 12 gaps (2 %))
and Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum (GenBank MK047436.1;
Identities = 516/548 (94 %), 9 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti (GenBank
KX228303.1; Identities = 806/812 (99 %), no gaps), Vermiculariopsiella pediculata (GenBank MH877476.1; Identities =
831/839 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum (GenBank MK047487.1; Identities = 804/812 (99 %),
no gaps).
Typus. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Yabbra State Forest, Boomi Creek
plantation, on leaves of Eucalyptus dunnii (Myrtaceae), 19 Apr. 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC 2430 (holotype CBS H-23938, culture ex-type CPC 35649 = CBS
145538, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876412.1 and MK876452.1,
MycoBank MB 830826).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus dunnii plantation. Colony on oatmeal agar;
setae and conidiogenous cells; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
314
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Teratosphaeria henryi
315
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 872 – 19 July 2019
Teratosphaeria henryi Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Corymbia henryi, the host species from which
this fungus was isolated.
Classification — Teratosphaeriaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary, brown, 90 –120 mm diam; wall
of 6 – 8 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining cavity. Conidiogenous cells
brown, verruculose, subcylindrical with slight apical taper, proliferating percurrently at apex, 6–12 × 3–4 mm. Conidia solitary,
brown, verruculose, aseptate, granular, fusoid, apex subobtuse, base truncate, 2 mm diam, with minute marginal frill,
(7–)8 –10(–11) × (2.5 –)3(– 4) mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth,
lobate margin, reaching 10 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA surface saffron, reverse saffron to ochreous. On PDA
surface and reverse saffron. On OA surface saffron.
Typus. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Tallawandi plantation, South Grafton,
on leaves of Corymbia henryi (Myrtaceae), 17 Apr. 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC
2417 (holotype CBS H-23939, culture ex-type CPC 35715 = CBS 145539,
ITS, LSU, actA, cmdA, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MK876410.1,
MK876450.1, MK876464.1, MK876470.1, MK876492.1, MK876501.1 and
MK876505.1, MycoBank MB830827).
Notes — Teratosphaeria henryi is phylogenetically closely
related to T. pseudocryptica (conidia 0 – 3-septate, 26 –)31–
40(– 58) × (1.7–)2 – 2.5(– 3.5) µm (Andjic et al. 2010), P. rubida
(conidia aseptate, 11–)12.5–13.5(–16) × (4.5–)5.5–6(–6.5) µm
(Taylor et al. 2012) and T. sieberi (conidia aseptate, 4 –)6 –7
× (2.5–)3 μm) (Crous et al. 2018c), but is distinct based on its
conidial dimensions.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria pseudocryptica (GenBank
KF442508.1; Identities = 465/490 (95 %), 10 gaps (2 %)),
Tera tosphaeria rubida (GenBank MH863388.1; Identities = 482/508 (95 %), 9 gaps (1 %)) and Teratosphaeria
sieberi (GenBank MH327816.1; Identities = 474/501 (95 %),
5 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are
Teratosphaeria stellenboschiana (GenBank MH874553.1;
Identities = 790/806 (98 %), no gaps), Teratosphaeria nubilosa
(GenBank NG_057854.1; Identities = 790/806 (98 %), no
gaps) and Teratosphaeria destructans (GenBank GU214702.1;
Identities = 790/806 (98 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the
actA sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria corymbiae (GenBank KF903560.1; Identities = 505/541 (93 %),
3 gaps (0 %)), Teratosphaeria viscida (GenBank KF903563.1;
Identities = 505/541 (93 %), 6 gaps (1 %)) and Teratosphaeria
destructans (GenBank KF903447.1; Identities = 504/541 (93 %),
6 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the cmdA sequence had highest
similarity to Teratosphaeria gauchensis (GenBank KF902727.1;
Identities = 412/464 (89 %), 15 gaps (3 %)), Teratosphaeria
molleriana (GenBank KF902737.1; Identities = 413/467 (88 %),
15 gaps (3 %)) and Teratosphaeria majorizuluensis (GenBank
KF902733.1; Identities = 410/465 (88 %), 16 gaps (3 %)).
Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria sieberi (GenBank MH327872.1; Identities = 824/929 (89 %), no gaps), Teratosphaeria molleriana
(GenBank KX348104.1; Identities = 764/882 (87 %), 4 gaps
(0 %)) and Teratosphaeria gracilis (GenBank MK047548.1;
Identities = 766/886 (86 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using
the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria
gracilis (GenBank MK047568.1; Identities = 357/427 (84 %), 24
gaps (5 %)), Teratosphaeria zuluensis (GenBank KF903369.1;
Identities = 316/371 (85 %), 20 gaps (5 %)) and Teratosphaeria
corymbiae (GenBank KF903293.1; Identities = 308/362 (85 %),
10 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria gracilis (GenBank MK047583.1;
Identities = 543/613 (89 %), 17 gaps (2 %)), Teratosphaeria
nubilosa (GenBank AY725599.1; Identities = 515/606 (85 %),
21 gaps (3 %)) and Teratosphaeria destructans (GenBank
KT343568.1; Identities = 508/603 (84 %), 22 gaps (3 %)).
Colour illustrations. Corymbia plantation. Colony on malt extract agar;
conidiogenous cells; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
316
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Coniella pseudodiospyri
317
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 873 – 19 July 2019
Coniella pseudodiospyri Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to a morphological similarity with Coniella diospyri.
Classification — Schizoparmaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata separate, immersed to superficial, hyaline, becoming black, 200 – 300 mm diam, with central dark brown ostiole;
wall of 3 – 6 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores
densely aggregated, subulate, frequently branched below, 1–2septate, 15–25 × 3–4 mm. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth,
subcylindrical with apical taper, 8–12 × 2.5–3.5 mm, covered in
mucoid sheath, apex with periclinal thickening and long collarette. Conidia solitary, aseptate, subhyaline, cylindrical, straight,
smooth-walled, apex subobtuse, base truncate, guttulate, germ
slit absent, (21–)23 – 26(– 27) × 3(– 3.5) mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse to moderate aerial mycelium, covering dish in 2 wk at
25 °C, with concentric circles of pycnidia on surface. On MEA
and PDA surface and reverse umber. On OA surface pale luteous with patches of umber.
Typus. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Bulladelah State Forest, on leaves
of Eucalyptus microcorys (Myrtaceae), 16 Apr. 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC
2420 (holotype CBS H-23940, culture ex-type CPC 35725 = CBS 145540,
ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank MK876381.1, MK876422.1,
MK876479.1 and MK876493.1, MycoBank MB830828).
Notes — The genus Coniella was recently revised by Alvarez et al. (2016). Coniella pseudodiospyri (on Myrtaceae) is
closely related to C. diospyri ((19 –)21– 23(– 25) × 3(– 3.5) mm,
on Diospyros and Trichilia in South Africa; Crous et al. 2018a),
but can be distinguished from that species based on its conidial
dimensions, which are generally larger than those of C. diospyri.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
35725 had highest similarity to Coniella diospyri (GenBank
NR_161131.1; Identities = 609/609 (100 %), no gaps), Coniella duckerae (GenBank NR_154851.1; Identities = 602/613
(98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Coniella quercicola (GenBank
AY339345.1; Identities = 564/579 (97 %), 6 gaps (1 %)). The
ITS sequences of CPC 35725 and CPC 35609 are identical
over 609 nucleotides. Closest hits using the LSU sequence
of CPC 35725 are Coniella diospyri (GenBank MK047490.1;
Identities = 830/830 (100 %), no gaps), Coniella limoniformis
(GenBank NG_058964.1; Identities = 813/817 (99 %), no gaps)
and Coniella tibouchinae (GenBank JQ281777.2; Identities =
823/830 (99 %), no gaps). The LSU sequences of CPC 35725
and CPC 35609 are identical over 818 nucleotides. Closest hits
using the rpb2 sequence of CPC 35725 had highest similarity to
Coniella diospyri (GenBank MK047543.1; Identities = 789/813
(97 %), no gaps), Coniella limoniformis (GenBank KX833492.1;
Identities = 702/767 (92 %), no gaps) and Coniella tibouchinae (GenBank KX833507.1; Identities = 701/767 (91 %), no
gaps). The rpb2 sequences of CPC 35725 and CPC 35609 are
identical over 831 nucleotides. Closest hits using the tef1 sequence of CPC 35725 had highest similarity to Coniella diospyri
(GenBank MK047563.1; Identities = 444/472 (94 %), 3 gaps
(0 %)), Coniella tibouchinae (GenBank JQ281779.1; Identities = 301/346 (87 %), 11 gaps (3 %)) and Coniella africana (GenBank KX833600.1; Identities = 300/357 (84 %), 21 gaps (5 %)).
The tef1 sequences of CPC 35725 and CPC 35609 are identical
over 473 nucleotides.
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus microcorys forest. Conidiomata on oatmeal agar; conidiogenous cells; conidia. Scale bars = 300 µm (conidiomata),
10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
318
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Phialoseptomonium eucalypti
319
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 874 – 19 July 2019
Phialoseptomonium Crous & Carnegie, gen. nov.
Etymology. Phialo = phialides, septo = conidial septa, and -monium – from
Acremonium.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate hyphae. Conidiophores erect, straight to flexuous, arising directly
from hyphae or from a basal stalk, subcylindrical, septate,
giving rise to a rosette of conidiophores. Conidiophores erect,
flexuous, subcylindrical with apical taper, hyaline but base at
times appearing greenish olivaceous, septate. Conidiogenous
cells apical, integrated, subcylindrical, phialidic with minute nonflared collarette. Conidia solitary, aggregating in mucoid mass,
hyaline, smooth, granular, fusoid, straight, medianly 1-septate,
apex obtuse, base truncate.
Type species. Phialoseptomonium eucalypti Crous & Carnegie.
MycoBank MB830829.
Phialoseptomonium eucalypti Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, smooth, branched, septate,
1.5–2 mm diam hyphae. Conidiophores erect, straight to flexuous, arising directly from hyphae or from a basal stalk, subcylindrical, 0 – 2-septate, 10 – 30 × 3 – 4.5 mm, giving rise to a
rosette (2–6) of conidiophores. Conidiophores erect, flexuous,
subcylindrical with apical taper, hyaline but base at times appearing greenish olivaceous, 5 –7-septate, 190 – 220 × 2.5 – 3
mm. Conidiogenous cells apical, integrated, subcylindrical,
phialidic with minute non-flared collarette (1 mm long), apex
1.5 – 2 mm diam, 90 –120 × 2.5 – 3 mm. Conidia solitary, aggregating in mucoid mass, hyaline, smooth, granular, fusoid,
straight, medianly 1-septate, apex obtuse, base truncate, 1.5
mm diam, (16 –)19 – 21(– 23) × 3(– 3.5) mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with folded
surface, moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 60 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and
reverse luteous. On PDA surface and reverse pale luteous. On
OA surface saffron.
Typus. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Boorabee State Forest, McCorquodale plantation, on leaves of Eucalyptus grandis × camaldulensis clone
(Myrtaceae), 20 Apr. 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC 2431 (holotype CBS H-23941,
culture ex-type CPC 35732 = CBS 145542, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876402.1 and MK876443.1, MycoBank MB830830).
Notes — Phialoseptomonium eucalypti clusters with two
acremonium-like isolates (Giraldo & Crous 2019), namely
‘A. lichenicola’ CBS 303.70 and ‘A. rhabdosporum’ CBS 438.66,
which may be congeneric. Both the latter species have cylindrical, septate conidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Acremonium lichenicola (GenBank MH859549.1;
Identities = 542/596 (91 %), 14 gaps (2 %)), Acremonium rhabdosporum (GenBank MH858850.1; Identities = 535/593 (90 %),
10 gaps (1 %)) and Trichonectria rectipila (GenBank NR_160175.1;
Identities = 465/523 (89 %), 13 gaps (2 %)). The ITS sequence
is also 2 – 6 nucleotides similar to unidentified sequences from
an unpublished study on dark pigmented epifoliar fungi forming
sooty patches on trees in a tropical rainwood forest (GenBank
HE584928.1–HE584933.1). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Acremonium lichenicola (GenBank MH871536.1;
Identities = 798/816 (98 %), no gaps), Sarcopodium flavolanatum (GenBank MH876362.1; Identities = 794/816 (97 %), no
gaps) and Sarcopodium macalpinei (GenBank MH876364.1;
Identities = 791/816 (97 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus grandis × camaldulensis plantation. Conidiophores on pine needle agar; conidia; flexuous conidiophores. Scale bars =
10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
320
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Fusicladium eucalyptigenum
321
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 875 – 19 July 2019
Fusicladium eucalyptigenum Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Sympoventuriaceae, Venturiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of medium brown, smooth, branched, septate, 2 – 2.5 mm diam hyphae. Conidiophores erect, 0 –1-septate, mostly reduced to conidiogenous cells, straight to
geniculous-sinuous, subcylindrical, 5–20 × 2.5–3 mm, medium
brown, smooth, proliferating sympodially, scars thickened,
darkened, not refractive, 1–1.5 mm diam. Conidia occurring
in branched chains; ramoconidia medium brown, subcylindrical, 0 –1-septate, 12 – 20 × 2 – 3 mm; conidia subcylindrical,
straight, hyaline to pale brown, guttulate, medianly 1-septate;
hila thickened and darkened, 1–1.5 mm diam, (13–)16–18(–20)
× (1.5 –)2 – 2.5 mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 20 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and
OA surface and reverse umber.
Notes — ‘Fusicladium’ eucalyptigenum is closely related to
‘Fusicladium’ amoenum (conidia (6–)10.5–12.8(–17.3) × (1.5–)
2.4 – 3(– 3.8) μm) and ‘F.’ paraamoenum (conidia (13 –)15 – 20
(–28) × (3–)3.5(–4) μm; Crous et al. 2016), but is distinct based
on its conidial dimensions. The Fusicladium generic complex
is presently being revised and will be published elsewhere.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to ‘Fusicladium’ amoenum (GenBank MH862514.1;
Identities = 529/554 (95 %), 1 gap (0 %)), ‘Fusicladium’ paraamoenum (GenBank NR_155093.1; Identities = 527/557
(95 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and ‘Fusicladium’ intermedium (GenBank
EU035432.1; Identities = 489/530 (92 %), 3 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are ‘Fusicladium’ paraamoenum (GenBank NG_058242.1; Identities = 721/728 (99 %), no
gaps), ‘Fusicladium’ amoenum (GenBank EU035425.1; Identities = 720/728 (99 %), no gaps) and ‘Fusicladium’ intermedium (GenBank EU035432.1; Identities = 712/729 (98 %), 1
gap (0 %)).
Typus. MAlAySiA, on twigs of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 22 Mar. 2018,
M.J. Wingfield, HPC 2394 (holotype CBS H-23942, culture ex-type CPC
35746 = CBS 145543, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876390.1 and
MK876431.1, MycoBank MB830831).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus forest. Colony on oatmeal agar; conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
322
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Pseudosydowia eucalyptorum
323
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 876 – 19 July 2019
Pseudosydowia eucalyptorum Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Saccotheciaceae, Dothideales, Dothidiomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, smooth, hyaline,
5–6 mm diam hyphae. Conidiomata appearing as sporodochia
on agar surface, consisting of aggregated clusters of conidiogenous cells arising directly from hyphae, reduced to loci on
hyphae or ampulliform, hyaline, proliferating percurrently at
apex, (2 –)10 – 20 × (2 –)5 – 6 mm. Conidia solitary, fusoid-ellipsoid, aseptate, apex obtuse, base truncate, hyaline, smoothwalled, becoming thick-walled and medium brown with age,
straight to curved; hyaline conidia 5 –10(–13) × (2.5 –)3(– 3.5)
mm; pigmented conidia (11–)15 –17(– 21) × (3.5 –)4 – 5 mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
35 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and reverse
saffron. On PDA surface umber, reverse greenish olivaceous.
On OA surface umber.
Notes — Pseudosydowia eucalyptorum is closely related to
P. eucalypti (hyaline conidia, 8 –13(–15) × 2 – 4(– 5) µm; pigmented conidia 6 – 8(–10) × (2.3 –)3 – 5.5 mm; Cheewangkoon
et al. 2009), but has larger conidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Sydowia sp. (GenBank MF683457.1; Identities = 583/594 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Pseudosydowia eucalypti (as Selenophoma eucalypti, GenBank AY293059.1; Identities = 551/568 (97 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and Saccothecium rubi
(GenBank NR_148096.1; Identities = 525/561 (94 %), 11 gaps
(1 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Pseudosydowia
eucalypti (GenBank GQ303327.2; Identities = 824/828 (99 %),
no gaps), Selenophoma mahoniae (GenBank EU754213.1;
Identities = 833/853 (98 %), no gaps) and Saccothecium rubi
(GenBank NG_059644.1; Identities = 811/833 (97 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)).
Typus. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Nundle State Forest, Boundary Road,
on leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 23 May 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC
2455 (holotype CBS H-23943, culture ex-type CPC 35811 = CBS 145546,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876406.1 and MK876447.1, MycoBank
MB830832).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus forest. Colony on oatmeal agar; conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
324
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Beltraniella pseudoportoricensis
325
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 877 – 19 July 2019
Beltraniella pseudoportoricensis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to a morphology similar to that of Beltraniella
portoricensis.
Classification — Beltraniaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Setae simple, erect, straight, thick-walled, coarsely verruculose
toward apex, brown, 1– 3-septate, arising from globose to
lobate basal cell, tapering to acute apex, 75 – 230 × 3 – 6 mm.
Conidiophores simple or branched, pale olivaceous, 10 – 20 ×
4 – 6 mm, 1-septate, denticulate. Conidiogenous cells subcylindrical, smooth, pale brown, 8 –12 × 4 – 6 mm, with several
denticles, 1 mm diam. Supporting cells hyaline, oval to fusoid or
obclavate with a single denticle, 10 –12 × 3.5 – 4.5 mm. Conidia
aseptate, smooth, lageniform to navicular, distal end truncate,
proximal end rostrate, subhyaline with hyaline transverse band,
(23 –)25 – 27(– 30) × 6 – 6.5(–7) mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and even, smooth margins, covering
dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA and PDA surface and reverse
olivaceous grey. On OA surface smoke grey with patches of
olivaceous grey.
Typus. South AfricA, Western Cape Province, Cape Town, Kirstenbosch
Botanical Garden, on leaf litter of Podocarpus falcatus (Podocarpaceae),
1 Mar. 2016, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS H-23944, culture ex-type CPC
34929 = CBS 145547, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876377.1 and
MK876416.1, MycoBank MB830833).
Notes — Beltraniella pseudoportoricensis forms part of the
B. portoricensis species complex. The type (on Odina wodier
from India) is not known from culture, but a recent reference
isolate (on Mangifera indica, culture NFCCI 3993; conidia
20 – 25(– 31) × 5.5–7 mm; Rajeshkumar et al. 2016) is phylogenetically distinct. We consequently describe the South African
collection as new.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Beltraniella sp. CGL-2017a (as Beltraniella ramosiphora, GenBank MG717500.1; Identities = 531/536 (99 %), no
gaps), Beltraniella portoricensis (GenBank KU212349.1; Identities = 584/591 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Beltraniella fertilis
(GenBank MF580247.1; Identities = 543/552 (98 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Beltraniella
pandanicola (GenBank MH260281.1; Identities = 828/834
(99 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Beltraniella portoricensis (GenBank
MH871777.1; Identities = 828/834 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Beltraniella humicola (GenBank MH870044.1; Identities = 828/834
(99 %), 1 gap (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Leaves and fruit of Podocarpus falcatus. Setae,
conidiogenous cells, supporting cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
326
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Teratosphaeria dunnii
327
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 878 – 19 July 2019
Teratosphaeria dunnii Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus dunnii, the host species from
which this fungus was isolated.
Classification — Teratosphaeriaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary, brown, globose, 90 – 200 mm
diam, with central ostiole; wall of 3 – 6 layers of brown textura
angularis. Conidiophores lining the inner cavity, subcylindrical, pale brown, 1– 2-septate, branched or not, 7– 20 × 2.5 – 4
mm, or reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells
subcylindrical to doliiform, medium brown, verruculose, proliferating percurrently at apex, 5–8 × 3.5–4 mm. Conidia solitary,
aseptate, thick-walled, guttulate, golden brown, verruculose,
subcylindrical to fusoid-ellipsoid, apex subobtuse, base truncate, 1.5 – 2 mm diam with minute marginal frill, (6 –)8 – 9(–11)
× (2.5 –)3(– 3.5) mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 25 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface pale
olivaceous grey with scarlet aerial mycelium, reverse scarlet,
with diffuse scarlet pigment. On PDA surface pale olivaceous
grey with scarlet aerial mycelium and diffuse pigment, reverse
olivaceous grey. On OA surface smoke grey.
Typus. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Yabbra State Forest, Boomi Creek
plantation, on leaves of Eucalyptus dunnii (Myrtaceae), 19 Apr. 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC 2430 (holotype CBS H-23945, culture ex-type CPC 35653 = CBS
145548, ITS, LSU, actA, cmdA, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank
MK876409.1, MK876449.1, MK876463.1, MK876469.1, MK876491.1,
MK876500.1 and MK876504.1, MycoBank MB830834).
Notes — Teratosphaeria dunnii is phylogenetically closely
related (98 %, 8 bp difference in ITS) to T. molleriana (conidia (7–)9–12(–13) × (2.5–)3–3.5(–4) µm; Crous & Wingfield
1997), but can be distinguished based on its smaller conidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had
highest similarity to Teratosphaeria molleriana (GenBank
MH862864.1; Identities = 515/523 (98 %), 1 gap (0 %)),
Teratosphaeria xenocryptica (GenBank MH863258.1; Identities = 490/499 (98 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Teratosphaeria
sieberi (GenBank MH327816.1; Identities = 510/520 (98 %),
3 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are
Teratosphaeria molleriana (GenBank KF251777.1; Identities
= 777/779 (99 %), no gaps), Teratosphaeria profusa (GenBank FJ493220.1; Identities = 773/779 (99 %), no gaps) and
Teratosphaeria dimorpha (GenBank FJ493215.1; Identities
= 773/779 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the actA sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria molleriana
(GenBank KF903394.1; Identities = 525/540 (97 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)), Teratosphaeria viscida (GenBank KF903563.1; Identities = 504/542 (93 %), 7 gaps (1 %)) and Teratosphaeria
eucalypti (GenBank KF903452.1; Identities = 504/543 (93 %),
8 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the cmdA sequence had
highest similarity to Teratosphaeria molleriana (GenBank
KF902737.1; Identities = 432/457 (95 %), no gaps), Teratosphaeria blakelyi (GenBank KF902704.1; Identities = 420/460
(91 %), 6 gaps (1 %)) and Teratosphaeria toledana (GenBank
KF902774.1; Identities = 416/457 (91 %), 6 gaps (1 %)). Closest
hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria molleriana (GenBank KX348104.1; Identities =
855/881 (97 %), no gaps), Teratosphaeria eucalypti (GenBank KX348102.1; Identities = 812/913 (89 %), 2 gaps (0 %))
and Teratosphaeria gracilis (GenBank MK047548.1; Identities = 790/886 (89 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the tef1
sequence had highest similarity to Teratosphaeria molleriana
(GenBank KF903326.1; Identities = 318/361 (88 %), 27 gaps
(7 %)), Teratosphaeria blakelyi (GenBank KF903288.1; Identities = 316/365 (87 %), 10 gaps (2 %)) and Teratosphaeria toledana (GenBank KF903361.1; Identities = 314/367 (86 %), 17
gaps (4 %)). Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest
similarity to Teratosphaeria gracilis (GenBank MK047583.1;
Identities = 529/597 (89 %), 14 gaps (2 %)), Teratosphaeria aff.
nubilosa (GenBank AY725611.1; Identities = 514/595 (86 %),
19 gaps (3 %)) and Teratosphaeria destructans (GenBank
KT343568.1; Identities = 514/597 (86 %), 13 gaps (2 %)).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus dunnii forest. Conidiomata on malt extract
agar; conidiogenous cells; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
328
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Chaetomella pseudocircinoseta
329
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 879 – 19 July 2019
Chaetomella pseudocircinoseta Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to a morphology similar to that of Chaetomella
circinoseta.
Classification — Chaetomellaceae, Chaetomellales, Leotiomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary, becoming aggregated, superficial, dark brown, globose, 300 – 400 mm diam with elongate
raphe of paler pigment visible across top of conidiomata. Setae brown, smooth, unbranched, thick-walled, multi-septate,
tapering towards obtuse to clavate apex, 150 –750 × 10 – 20
mm. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth, filiform, subcylindrical,
branched, 2 – 6-septate, 50 –120 × 1.5 – 2 mm. Conidiogenous
cells phialidic, subcylindrical, terminal and intercalary, smooth,
hyaline, 10 – 50 × 1.5 – 2 mm. Conidia aseptate, hyaline, fusoid
to falcate with pointed ends, slightly curved, (9 –)11–12 ×
(2 –)2.5 mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with sparse
aerial mycelium and prominent circadian rings on surface, margin smooth, lobate, reaching 60 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C.
On MEA surface chestnut, reverse umber. On PDA surface
chestnut, reverse pale luteous with patches of umber. On OA
surface chestnut.
Notes — Chaetomella pseudocircinoseta is phylogenetically
closely related to C. circinoseta (CBS 159.62, type), which is
characterised by the fact that it has spiral setae (Rossman et
al. 2004), which are, however, lacking in C. pseudocircinoseta.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Chaetomella circinoseta (GenBank MH858129.1;
Identities = 460/467 (99 %), no gaps), Chaetomella raphigera
(GenBank MH864530.1; Identities = 435/473 (92 %), 14 gaps
(2 %)) and Chaetomella cinnamomea (GenBank MH858845.1;
Identities = 434/473 (92 %), 14 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Chaetomella circinoseta (GenBank
MH869712.1; Identities = 813/818 (99 %), no gaps), Sphaerographium nyssicola (GenBank MH876287.1; Identities = 807/
827 (98 %), no gaps) and Pilidium septatum (GenBank NG_
060185.1; Identities = 763/783 (97 %), no gaps).
Typus. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Bulladelah State Forest, on leaves
of Eucalyptus microcorys (Myrtaceae), 16 Apr. 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC
2420 (holotype CBS H-23946, culture ex-type CPC 35721 = CBS 145549,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876379.1 and MK876418.1, MycoBank
MB830835).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus microcorys forest. Conidiomata on malt
extract agar; conidiomata with setae; conidiophore with conidiogenous cells;
conidia. Scale bars = 400 µm (conidiomata), 10 µm (conidiophores and
conidia).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
330
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Cladophialophora eucalypti
331
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 880 – 19 July 2019
Cladophialophora eucalypti Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Trichomeriaceae, Chaetothyriales, Eurotiomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline to olivaceous, smooth-walled,
branched, septate, 1.5 – 2 mm diam hyphae. Conidiophores
solitary, erect, subcylindrical, unbranched, straight to geniculous-sinuous, medium brown, smooth, 10 – 65 × 3 – 4 mm,
1–5-septate. Conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated, subcylindrical, medium brown, smooth, 10 –15 × 3 – 4 mm; proliferating
sympodially, scars terminal, thickened and darkened, 0.5–1 mm
diam. Conidia in branched chains, olivaceous smooth-walled,
granular, obclavate to subcylindrical, straight to flexuous; ramoconidia obclavate, 3 – 8-septate, 40 –100 × 2 – 3 mm; conidia
subcylindrical, 0(–1)-septate, (8 –)13 –15(– 20) × 2.5(– 3) mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 20
mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
and reverse olivaceous grey.
Notes — Cladophialophora eucalypti is related to a Cladophialophora isolate (CBS 376.54) deposited under the name
‘Pyricularia parasitica’ and clusters in a clade typified by Cladophialophora and Exophiala spp.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Exophiala encephalarti (GenBank HQ599588.1;
Identities = 446/534 (84 %), 32 gaps (5 %)), Brycekendrickomyces acaciae (GenBank KM246230.1; Identities = 505/620
(81 %), 57 gaps (9 %)) and Knufia cryptophialidica (GenBank
NR_121501.1; Identities = 443/537 (82 %), 38 gaps (7 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Brycekendrickomyces
acaciae (GenBank MH874874.1; Identities = 795/826 (96 %),
4 gaps (0 %)), Exophiala encephalarti (GenBank HQ599589.1;
Identities = 784/822 (95 %), 8 gaps (0 %)) and Cladophialophora proteae (GenBank EU035411.1; Identities = 785/829
(95 %), 6 gaps (0 %)). No significant hits were obtained when
the actA sequence was used in blastn and megablast searches.
Typus. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Keybarbin State Forest, Tabulum, on
leaves of Eucalyptus dunnii (Myrtaceae), 17 Apr. 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC
2433 (holotype CBS H-23947, culture ex-type CPC 35667 = CBS 145551,
ITS, LSU and actA sequences GenBank MK876380.1, MK876419.1 and
MK876454.1, MycoBank MB830836).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus forest. Hyphae; conidiophores with conidiogenous cells; conidial chains. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
332
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Elsinoe salignae
333
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 881 – 19 July 2019
Elsinoe salignae Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus saligna, the host species from
which this fungus was isolated.
Classification — Elsinoaceae, Myriangiales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata erumpent, sporodochial, 50–150 mm diam, based
on a pale brown stroma giving rise to densely aggregated conidiophores. Conidiophores unbranched, hyaline to pale brown,
smooth-walled, subcylindrical, 1–2-septate, 15–25 × 3–5 mm.
Conidiogenous cells integrated, subcylindrical, hyaline, smoothwalled, mono- to polyphialidic, 8–12 × 3–4 mm. Conidia solitary,
aggregating in mucoid mass, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled,
guttulate, subcylindrical to ellipsoid, apex obtuse, base truncate,
(4.5 –)5 – 6(– 6.5) × (2 –)2.5 mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, surface folded,
with sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 7 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface sienna,
reverse ochreous. On PDA surface ochreous to umber, reverse
luteous with diffuse luteous pigment. On OA surface ochreous.
Typus. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Bulladelah State Forest, on leaves
of Eucalyptus saligna (Myrtaceae), 16 Apr. 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC 2415
(holotype CBS H-23948, culture ex-type CPC 35713 = CBS 145552, ITS, LSU
and rpb2 sequences GenBank MK876389.1, MK876430.1 and MK876485.1,
MycoBank MB830837).
Notes — The genus Elsinoe was recently revised by Fan et
al. (2017), who also provided a key to the species occurring on
Eucalyptus. Elsinoe salignae is phylogenetically related to, but
distinct from E. leucopogonis (on Leucopogon sp., Australia)
(Crous et al. 2018c).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Elsinoe leucopogonis (GenBank NR_159836.1;
Identities = 567/580 (98 %), 3 gaps (0 %)), Elsinoe hederae
(GenBank NR_148146.1; Identities = 502/521 (96 %), 12 gaps
(2 %)) and Elsinoe lepagei (GenBank MH856598.1; Identities =
519/549 (95 %), 14 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU
sequence are Elsinoe hederae (GenBank KX886994.1; Identities = 733/736 (99 %), no gaps), Elsinoe lepagei (GenBank
KX887004.1; Identities = 732/736 (99 %), no gaps) and Elsinoe
fagarae (GenBank KX886981.1; Identities = 732/736 (99 %),
no gaps). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest
similarity to Elsinoe leucopogonis (GenBank MH327874.1;
Identities = 848/872 (97 %), no gaps), Elsinoe hederae (GenBank KX887113.1; Identities = 634/744 (85 %), no gaps) and
Elsinoe lepagei (GenBank KX887122.1; Identities = 617/741
(83 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus saligna plantation. Colony on malt extract
agar; conidiogenous cells; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
334
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Neodevriesia cycadicola
335
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 882 – 19 July 2019
Neodevriesia cycadicola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Cycas, the host genus from which this fungus
was isolated.
Classification — Neodevriesiaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale olivaceous, smooth, branched,
septate, 2 – 3 mm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary, erect,
pale olivaceous, smooth, subcylindrical, 1– 2-septate, straight,
5 –15 × 2 – 3 mm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, subcylindrical,
pale olivaceous, smooth, 5 – 9 × 2 – 3 mm; scars thickened and
darkened, 1.5 mm diam. Conidia occurring in branched chains,
subcylindrical, pale olivaceous, smooth-walled, guttulate; ramoconidia 0 –1-septate, 8 –12 × 2.5 – 3 mm; conidia 0 –1-septate,
(7–)8 – 9 × 2 – 2.5 mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
7 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and OA surface
and reverse olivaceous grey.
Typus. itAly, Sicily, on leaves of Cycas sp. (Cycadaceae), 10 Apr. 2018,
P.W. Crous, HPC 2365 (holotype CBS H-23949, culture ex-type CPC
35833 = CBS 145553, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876397.1 and
MK876438.1, MycoBank MB830838).
Notes — Neodevriesia was established by Quaedvlieg et
al. (2014) for a genus of hyphomycetes with medium brown,
unbranched conidiophores, thick-walled, medium brown, rarely
septate conidia, occurring in short and mostly unbranched
conidial chains, and lacking chlamydospores. Neodevriesia
cycadicola is closely related to N. lagerstroemiae (ramoconidia
9 –15 × 3 – 5 μm, (0 –)1(– 2)-septate; conidia narrowly ellipsoid,
0–1-septate, (5–)8–12(–15) × 2–3(–4) μm (Crous et al. 2009,
2015a), but can be distinguished based on its conidial morphology.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Neodevriesia metrosideri (GenBank NR_161141.1;
Identities = 513/551 (93 %), 19 gaps (3 %)), Neodevriesia
lagerstroemiae (GenBank GU214634.1; Identities = 515/554
(93 %), 23 gaps (4 %)) and Neodevriesia hilliana (GenBank
NR_145098.1; Identities = 515/559 (92 %), 20 gaps (3 %)).
Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Neodevriesia agapanthi (GenBank NG_042688.1; Identities = 806/820 (98 %),
no gaps), Neodevriesia imbrexigena (as Devriesia imbrexigena,
GenBank JX915749.1; Identities = 813/828 (98 %), no gaps)
and Neodevriesia knoxdaviesii (GenBank MH874778.1; Identities = 802/817 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Cycas sp. Symptomatic leaves; conidiophores,
conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Vladimiro Guarnaccia, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Torino,
via Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy; e-mail: vladimiro.guarnaccia@unito.it
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
336
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Pseudocercospora pseudomyrticola
337
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 883 – 19 July 2019
Pseudocercospora pseudomyrticola Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to a morphology similar to that of Pseudocercospora myrticola.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Caespituli hypophyllous, brown, erumpent, arising from a weakly developed brown stroma, 30 – 50 mm diam. Conidiophores
tightly aggregated in fascicles, subcylindrical, medium brown,
roughened, straight, mostly unbranched, 0 –1-septate, 10 –15
× 3 – 4 mm, proliferating percurrently at apex; conidiophores
also reduced to loci on aerial mycelium, truncate, 2 –7 × 2
mm. Conidia pale olivaceous brown, smooth-walled, guttulate,
subcylindrical with apical taper, apex subobtuse, base truncate,
3 – 9-septate, straight to slightly flexuous, (30 –)45 –75(– 90) ×
(2 –)2.5 mm; hila not thickened nor darkened.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading, surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA surface and reverse olivaceous grey.
Typus. itAly, Rome, on leaves of Myrtus communis (Myrtaceae), 12 Apr.
2018, P.W. Crous, HPC 2357 (holotype CBS H-23950, culture ex-type CPC
35448 = CBS 145554, ITS, LSU, actA, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank
MK876405.1, MK876446.1, MK876461.1, MK876490.1 and MK876499.1,
MycoBank MB830839).
Notes — Pseudocercospora pseudomyrticola differs from
P. myrticola in that it sporulates primarily on superficial mycelium (mostly absent in P. myrticola), lacks well-developed
fascicles (prominent in P. myrticola), and has shorter, narrower
conidia (Crous 1999).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the ITS sequence is identical to sequences of several species, e.g., to Pseudocercospora jahnii (GenBank
KM393283.1; Identities = 537/537 (100 %), no gaps), Pseudocercospora elaeodendri (GenBank GU980950.1; Identities = 537/
537 (100 %), no gaps) and Pseudocercospora indonesiana
(GenBank MH863211.1; Identities = 535/535 (100 %), no gaps).
The LSU sequence is identical to sequences of several species,
e.g., to Pseudocercospora pittospori (GenBank MK210500.1;
Identities = 836/836 (100 %), no gaps), Pseudocercospora ampelopsis (GenBank GU253846.1; Identities = 836/836 (100 %),
no gaps) and Pseudocercospora ravenalicola (GenBank
GU253828.1; Identities = 836/836 (100 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the actA sequence had highest similarity to
Pseudocercospora flavomarginata (GenBank JX902134.1;
Identities = 528/537 (98 %), no gaps), Pseudocercospora
schizolobii (GenBank JX902151.1; Identities = 527/537 (98 %),
no gaps) and Pseudocercospora paraguayensis (GenBank
KF903444.1; Identities = 510/521 (98 %), no gaps). Closest
hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Pseudocercospora punicae (GenBank KX462655.1; Identities = 609/
616 (99 %), no gaps), Pseudocercospora cercidicola (GenBank
KX462618.1; Identities = 608/616 (99 %), no gaps) and Pseudocercospora breonadiae (GenBank MH108006.1; Identities
= 636/671 (95 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Pseudocercospora sp. (GenBank GU384369.1; Identities = 310/310 (100 %), no gaps),
Pseudocercospora oenotherae (GenBank GU384466.1; Identities = 309/310 (99 %), no gaps) and Pseudocercospora
struthanthi (GenBank KT290195.1; Identities = 496/498 (99 %),
no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Leaf spots on Myrtus sp. Conidiogenous cells, conidiogenous loci and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Alberto Santini, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - C.N.R.,
Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto fiorentino (FI), Italy; e-mail: alberto.santini@cnr.it
Giovanni Mughini, Research Center for Forestry and Wood - C.R.E.A.,
Via Valle della Quistione 27, 00166 Rome, Italy; e-mail: giovanni.mughini@crea.gov.it
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
338
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Corynespora encephalarti
339
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 884 – 19 July 2019
Corynespora encephalarti Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Encephalartos, the host genus from which
this fungus was isolated.
Classification — Corynesporascaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiophores erect, straight, unbranched, olivaceous brown,
smooth-walled, subcylindrical, 150–400 × 6–8 mm, 5–11-septate. Conidiogenous cells monotretic, integrated, terminal,
cylindrical to slightly swollen, 25 – 50 × 6 –7 mm; scar terminal,
darkened, truncate, 2–3 mm diam. Conidia solitary, obclavate,
medium olivaceous brown, 1–12-distoseptate, apex subobtuse,
base truncate, 4 – 5 mm diam, dark brown, (65 –)100 –150
(– 200) × (10 –)11–15(–18) mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface
dirty white, reverse sienna. On PDA surface dirty white, reverse
chestnut. On OA surface dirty white.
Notes — Corynespora was recently treated by Voglmayr &
Jaklitsch (2017). As far as we could establish, no species have
ever been described from Encephalartos, and C. encephalarti
is phylogenetically distinct from all species presently known
from culture or DNA sequence.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Corynespora citricola (GenBank FJ852593.1; Identities = 534/550 (97 %), 5 gaps (0 %)), Corynespora smithii (GenBank KY984300.1; Identities = 530/554 (96 %), 11 gaps (1 %))
and Corynespora thailandica (GenBank NR_161145.1; Identities = 522/553 (94 %), 12 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Corynespora smithii (GenBank GU323201.1;
Identities = 894/896 (99 %), no gaps), Corynespora cassiicola (GenBank MH869486.1; Identities = 889/894 (99 %),
no gaps) and Corynespora torulosa (GenBank NG_058866.1;
Identities = 863/871 (99 %), no gaps).
Typus. South AfricA, Limpopo Province, Tzaneen, on leaves of Encephalartos sp. (Zamiaceae), 22 June 2016, P.W. Crous, HPC 2487 (holotype
CBS H-23951, culture ex-type CPC 35867 = CBS 145555, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MK876383.1 and MK876424.1, MycoBank MB830840).
Colour illustrations. Encephalartos sp. Symptomatic leaves; conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
340
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Libertasomyces aloeticus
341
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 885 – 19 July 2019
Libertasomyces aloeticus Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Aloe, the host genus from which this fungus
was isolated.
Classification — Libertasomycetaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, unilocular, separate, globose, immersed
to erumpent, brown, globose, 150 – 250 mm diam, with central
ostiole; wall of 3 – 6 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells
lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform to doliiform
with prominent periclinal thickening, 5 –7 × 5 – 6 mm. Conidia
solitary, golden-brown, becoming dark brown, ellipsoid to subglobose, muriformly septate, with (1–)3(– 4) transverse septa
and 1– 4 oblique septa, thick-walled, roughened and with
striations covering length of conidium body, apex obtuse, base
bluntly rounded, (9 –)11–13(–15) × (7–)8(– 9) mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth,
lobate margin, reaching 35 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA surface dirty white, reverse sienna. On PDA surface and
reverse dirty white. On OA surface dirty white to luteous.
Notes — Libertasomyces aloeticus is intermediate between
Neoplatysporoides (based on N. aloeicola; conidia 0 –1-septate, (8 –)9 –10(–12) × (4 –)5(– 6) μm, on leaves of Aloe sp. in
Tanzania; Crous et al. 2015b) and Libertasomyces. Neoplatysporoides aloeticus has conidia that are similar in morphology to
those of L. quercus (conidia (15 –)17–19(– 21) × (6 –)7– 8(–10)
μm; Crous & Groenewald 2017), though larger in size.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had
highest similarity to Neoplatysporoides aloeicola (GenBank
MK398281.1; Identities = 535/583 (92 %), 13 gaps (2 %)),
Libertasomyces quercus (GenBank NR_155337.1; Identities =
519/572 (91 %), 14 gaps (2 %)) and Libertasomyces platani (GenBank NR_155336.1; Identities = 515/572 (90 %), 13
gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Neoplatysporoides aloeicola (GenBank NG_058160.1; Identities =
794/807 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)), Libertasomyces myopori (GenBank MH878216.1; Identities = 793/808 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %))
and Libertasomyces platani (GenBank NG_059744.1; Identities = 791/806 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. South AfricA, Limpopo Province, Tzaneen, on leaves of Aloe
sp. (Asphodelaceae), 22 June 2016, P.W. Crous, HPC 2479 (holotype
CBS H-23952, culture ex-type CPC 35863 = CBS 145558, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MK876395.1 and MK876436.1, MycoBank MB830841).
Colour illustrations. Aloe sp. Conidioma on oatmeal agar; conidiogenous
cells and conidia. Scale bars = 200 mm (conidioma), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
342
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Phyllosticta lauridiae
343
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 886 – 19 July 2019
Phyllosticta lauridiae Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Lauridia, the host genus from which this fungus
was isolated..
Classification — Phyllostictaceae, Botryosphaeriales, Dothideomycetes.
Leaf spots amphigenous, 3–7 mm diam, round, medium brown,
with a dark red-brown margin. Conidiomata pycnidial, aggregated, black, erumpent, globose, 200 – 250 mm diam, exuding
a hyaline conidial mass; wall of several layers of brown textura
angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells.
Conidiogenous cells terminal, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth,
encased in mucoid layer, 7–12 × 3 – 4 mm, proliferating percurrently near apex. Conidia (9–)12–13(–14) × 6(–7) mm, solitary,
hyaline, smooth-walled, guttulate, ellipsoid to obovoid, tapering towards truncate base, 3 – 4 mm diam, encased in mucoid
sheath, 1–1.5 mm diam, bearing a single hyaline mucoid appendage, 15–20(–30) mm long, tapering to acutely rounded tip.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with folded surface, sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and
feathery margin, reaching 40 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA surface olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey. On PDA and
OA surface and reverse iron-grey.
Typus. South AfricA, Eastern Cape Province, Haga Haga, Amathole, on
leaves of Lauridia tetragona (Celastraceae), 15 Dec. 2016, M.J. Wingfield,
HPC 2290 (holotype CBS H-23953, culture ex-type CPC 35305 = CBS
145559, ITS, LSU, actA, gapdh, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank
MK876404.1, MK876445.1, MK876460.1, MK876472.1, MK876489.1 and
MK876498.1, MycoBank MB830842).
Notes — Phyllosticta was revised by Wikee et al. (2013).
Phyllosticta lauridiae is closely related to P. podocarpicola
(conidia 12 –13(–16) × 8 – 9(– 9.5) μm. On Podocarpus maki,
Florida, USA), but morphologically distinct based on its shorter
and narrower conidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Phyllosticta podocarpicola (GenBank NR_145233.1;
Identities = 538/569 (95 %), 11 gaps (1 %)), Phyllosticta foliorum (GenBank NR_145231.1; Identities = 536/570 (94 %),
12 gaps (2 %)) and Phyllosticta concentrica (as Guignardia
philoprina, GenBank AF312014.1; Identities = 567/603 (94 %),
14 gaps (2 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are
Phyllosticta gaultheriae (as Guignardia gaultheriae, GenBank
DQ678089.1; Identities = 804/813 (99 %), no gaps), Phyllosticta
hakeicola (GenBank MH107953.1; Identities = 820/830 (99 %),
1 gap (0 %)) and Phyllosticta philoprina (GenBank KF766341.1;
Identities = 812/822 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)). Closest hits using
the actA sequence had highest similarity to Phyllosticta hakeicola (GenBank MH107984.1; Identities = 225/233 (97 %), 3
gaps (1 %)), Phyllosticta abieticola (GenBank KF289238.1;
Identities = 220/228 (96 %), 3 gaps (1 %)) and Phyllosticta
ligustricola (GenBank AB704212.1; Identities = 220/231 (95 %),
4 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the gapdh sequence had
highest similarity to Phyllosticta hakeicola (GenBank MH107999.1;
Identities = 478/520 (92 %), 7 gaps (1 %)), Phyllosticta musarum (GenBank KM816632.1; Identities = 485/534 (91 %),
11 gaps (2 %)) and Phyllosticta capitalensis (GenBank
KM816629.1; Identities = 485/534 (91 %), 11 gaps (2 %)).
Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to
Phyllosticta gaultheriae (as Guignardia gaultheriae, GenBank
DQ677987.1; Identities = 528/579 (91 %), no gaps), Phyllosticta aloeicola (GenBank KY855816.1; Identities = 657/742
(89 %), 13 gaps (1 %)) and Phyllosticta eugeniae (GenBank
KY855891.1; Identities = 632/728 (87 %), 7 gaps (0 %)). Closest
hits using the tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Phyllosticta
hakeicola (GenBank MH108025.1; Identities = 359/384 (93 %),
9 gaps (2 %)), Phyllosticta illicii (GenBank MF198236.1; Identities = 368/403 (91 %), 15 gaps (3 %)) and Phyllosticta yuccae (GenBank JX227948.1; Identities = 378/418 (90 %), 16
gaps (3 %)).
Colour illustrations. Ocean view at Haga Haga. Leaf spot on Lauridia
tetragona; colony on potato dextrose agar; conidiogenous cells; conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
344
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Phlogicylindrium pawpawense
345
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 887 – 19 July 2019
Phlogicylindrium pawpawense Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the location where this fungus was isolated,
Paw Paw Skids Road, Australia.
Classification — Phlogicylindriaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, branched, septate, 1.5 – 2 mm
diam hyphae. Conidiomata sporodochial, 150 – 300 mm diam,
erumpent, round, hyaline, consisting of tightly aggregated conidiophores or conidiophores erect, penicillate with tightly aggregated conidiogenous apparatus; conidiophores 80–150 mm tall,
stipe 40 – 50 × 2.5 – 3 mm. Conidiophores with penicillate conidiogenous apparatus: branches (3 – 5) subcylindrical, hyaline,
smooth, straight to curved, 5 –7 × 2.5 – 3 mm. Conidiogenous
cells terminal and intercalary, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical,
straight to slightly curved, 5–14 × 2–2.5 mm, proliferating sympodially. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, guttulate to granular,
subcylindrical, 1– 3-septate, curved, rarely straight, tapering
to subacutely rounded apex, base truncate, 1–1.5 mm diam,
(12 –)17– 22(– 25) × 2 – 2.5 mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface luteous,
reverse ochreous. On PDA surface and reverse pale luteous.
On OA surface pale luteous.
Notes — ITS sequence data of Phlogicylindrium pawpawense is related to species of Cylindrium and Polyscytalum,
which were treated by Crous et al. (2014, 2018b). Morphologically however, it is a better fit for Phlogicylindrium, being related
to P. dunnii (conidia (32–)35–42(–47) × (2–)2.5(–3) µm; Crous
et al. 2019), though distinct in having smaller conidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Polyscytalum chilense (GenBank NR_158958.1;
Identities = 523/565 (93 %), 11 gaps (1 %)), Polyscytalum eucalyptigenum (GenBank MH107909.1; Identities = 527/571 (92 %),
14 gaps (2 %)) and Polyscytalum grevilleae (GenBank NR_
154719.1; Identities = 520/564 (92 %), 7 gaps (1 %)). Closest
hits using the LSU sequence are Phlogicylindrium dunnii (GenBank MK442548.1; Identities = 727/736 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)),
Phlogicylindrium tereticornis (GenBank NG_058510.1; Identities = 726/736 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Polyscytalum chilense
(GenBank MH107954.1; Identities = 724/735 (99 %), no gaps).
Typus. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Richmond Range SF, Paw Paw
Skids Road, on juvenile leaves of Eucalyptus tereticornis (Myrtaceae), 19
Apr. 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC 2424 (holotype CBS H-23954, culture ex-type
CPC 35536 = CBS 145560, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876403.1
and MK876444.1, MycoBank MB830843).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus tereticornis trees. Sporodochial conidioma; conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
346
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Neoacrodontiella eucalypti
347
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 888 – 19 July 2019
Neoacrodontiella Crous & M.J. Wingf., gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to a morphological similarity with the genus
Acrodontiella.
Classification — Acarosporaceae, Acarosporales, Lecanoromycetes.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, hyaline, smooth
hyphae. Conidiophores aggregated in sporodochia, arising
from a hyaline stroma, subcylindrical, smooth, branched, multi-
septate. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, subcylindrical, irregularly curved, rarely straight, with apical taper
and pimple-like loci, not to slightly thickened. Conidia solitary,
hyaline, smooth-walled, guttulate, fusoid, straight, aseptate,
apex subacute, base truncate, not to slightly thickened.
Type species. Neoacrodontiella eucalypti Crous & M.J. Wingf.
MycoBank MB830844.
Neoacrodontiella eucalypti Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, hyaline, smooth, 2–3
mm diam hyphae. Conidiophores aggregated in sporodochia,
arising from a hyaline stroma, subcylindrical, smooth, branched,
multiseptate, 30 – 50 × 3 – 4 mm. Conidiogenous cells terminal
and intercalary, subcylindrical, irregularly curved, rarely straight,
with apical taper, 20–30 × 2.5–3 mm, with pimple-like loci, not to
slightly thickened. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth-walled, guttulate, fusoid, straight, aseptate, apex subacute, base truncate,
not to slightly thickened, (11–)12–15(–17) × (2.5–)3(–3.5) mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate
margin, reaching 15 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA,
PDA and OA surface and reverse luteous to orange.
Typus. MAlAySiA, on leaves of Eucalyptus urophylla (Myrtaceae), 31 Mar.
2018, M.J. Wingfield, HPC 2392 (holotype CBS H-23955, culture ex-type
CPC 35693 = CBS 145561, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876396.1
and MK876437.1, MycoBank MB830845).
Notes — Neoacrodontiella is somewhat reminiscent of Acrodontiella (Seifert et al. 2011), though distinct in that it forms
sporodochia, and the conidiogenous loci are flattened and more
prominent than in Acrodontiella, with conidia also having prominently truncate hila.
No significant hits were obtained when the ITS sequence was
used in a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database; the closest hits were with Corticifraga peltigerae (GenBank KY462801.1; Identities = 377/451 (84 %), 42 gaps (9 %)),
Taitaia aurea (GenBank NR_160480.1; Identities = 367/444
(83 %), 36 gaps (8 %)) and Gomphillus americanus (GenBank
KY381580.1; Identities = 177/181 (98 %), no gaps). Closest hits
using the LSU sequence are ‘Spermospora avenae’ (GenBank
MH878416.1; Identities = 790/825 (96 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Cytosporella chamaeropis (GenBank MH871929.1; Identities = 759/
810 (94 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and Acarospora thamnina (GenBank
KF024746.1; Identities = 475/508 (94 %), 4 gaps (0 %)). The
LSU sequence of Spermospora avenae is most likely incorrect
as it is not congeneric with other sequences of the genus in
the database.
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus leaf litter. Colony on oatmeal agar; conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
348
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Cytospora pavettae
349
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 889 – 19 July 2019
Cytospora pavettae Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Pavetta, the host genus from which this fungus
was isolated.
Classification — Cytosporaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
Colonies nearly sterile, sporulating on PNA. Conidiomata pycnidial, erumpent, dark brown, globose, 200 – 300 mm diam.
Conidiophores lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth-walled,
branched, 1– 3-septate, 10 – 25 × 2.5 – 3 mm. Conidiogenous
cells terminal and intercalary, frequently in rosette, subcylindrical with apical taper, hyaline, smooth-walled, phialidic, with
minute non-flared collarette, 1 mm long, 4 –10 × 1.5 – 2 mm.
Conidia aseptate, solitary, hyaline, smooth-walled, ellipsoid,
curved, ends subobtuse, (3.5 –)4(– 5) × 1.5 mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, covering
dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface ochreous to sienna,
reverse umber. On PDA surface and reverse pale luteous. On
OA surface umber.
Typus. South AfricA, Eastern Cape Province, Haga Haga, Amathole, on
leaf spots of Pavetta revoluta (Rubiaceae), 24 Dec. 2016, M.J. Wingfield, HPC
2299 (holotype CBS H-23956, culture ex-type CPC 35293 = CBS 145562,
ITS, LSU, actA, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MK876386.1,
MK876427.1, MK876457.1, MK876483.1, MK876497.1 and MK876503.1,
MycoBank MB830846).
Notes — Several phylogenetic studies have recently been
published on Cytospora (Jami et al. 2018, Lawrence et al.
2018). Based on available data, C. pavettae is most similar
to C. lumnitzericola, which occurs on Lumnitzera racemosa in
Thailand (conidia (3.7–)4–4.5 × 1–1.3(–1.5) µm; Norphanphoun
et al. 2017). There are few morphological differences between
the two species, which are best distinguished based on their
DNA phylogeny.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Cytospora nitschkei (GenBank KY051843.1; Identities = 519/532 (98 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Cytospora sacculus (GenBank KY051824.1; Identities = 517/534 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %))
and Cytospora brevispora (GenBank KY051803.1; Identities =
517/534 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Cytospora xylocarpi (GenBank NG_064535.1; Identities = 790/797 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Cytospora lumnitzericola
(GenBank NG_064534.1; Identities = 790/797 (99 %), 2 gaps
(0 %)) and Cytospora thailandica (GenBank NG_064536.1; Identities = 789/797 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the
actA sequence had highest similarity to Cytospora lumnitzericola (GenBank MH253457.1; Identities = 180/197 (91 %),
7 gaps (3 %)), Cytospora xylocarpi (GenBank MH253458.1;
Identities = 166/183 (91 %), 2 gaps (1 %)) and Cytospora parakantschavelii (GenBank MG972053.1; Identities = 163/181
(90 %), 8 gaps (4 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence
had highest similarity to Cytospora lumnitzericola (GenBank
MH253461.1; Identities = 686/741 (93 %), no gaps), Cytospora
xylocarpi (GenBank MH253462.1; Identities = 684/741 (92 %),
no gaps) and Cytospora thailandica (GenBank MH253464.1;
Identities = 681/741 (92 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the
tef1 sequence had highest similarity to Cytospora sacculus
(GenBank KP310860.1; Identities = 295/329 (90 %), 4 gaps
(1 %)), Cytospora punicae (GenBank MG971654.1; Identities =
279/317 (88 %), 13 gaps (4 %)) and Cytospora californica (GenBank MG971662.1; Identities = 403 / 464 (87 %), 12 gaps
(2 %)). Closest hits using the tub2 sequence had highest similarity to Cytospora ceratosperma (as Valsa ceratosperma, GenBank EU219136.1; Identities = 501/600 (84 %), 30 gaps
(5 %)), Cytospora sacculus (GenBank KR045688.1; Identities =
501/601 (83 %), 33 gaps (5 %)) and Cytospora cincta (GenBank KR045665.1; Identities = 443/524 (85 %), 20 gaps (4 %)).
Colour illustrations. Pavetta revoluta. Conidiophores, conidiogenous cells
and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
350
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Pantospora chromolaenae
351
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 890 – 19 July 2019
Pantospora chromolaenae Crous & Cheew., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Chromolaena, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of pale brown, smooth-walled, septate,
branched, 2.5 – 3 mm diam hyphae. Conidiophores solitary,
erect, straight to flexuous, subcylindrical, 1– 6-septate, 20 –70
× 3 – 6 mm, medium brown, smooth to verruculose, mostly
unbranched. Conidiogenous cells medium brown, subcylindrical, smooth to verruculose, 10 –15 × 3 – 6 mm, terminal and
intercalary, scars thickened, darkened, refractive, 2 – 3 mm
diam. Conidia solitary, unbranched, obclavate, straight to
flexuous, medium brown, verruculose, granular, apex obtuse,
base truncate, 2 – 2.5 mm diam, thickened, darkened, refractive, (3 –)6 – 8(–12) transversely septate, conidia becoming
muriformly septate, starting with basal cells, (24–)50–65(–80)
× (4 –)5 – 6(–7) mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
surface folded, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth,
lobate margin, reaching 25 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA, PDA and OA surface olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey.
Typus. thAilAnd, Songkhla, Hat Yai, on leaves of Chromolaena odorata
(Asteraceae), 2008, R. Cheewangkoon (holotype CBS H-23957, culture
ex-type MC14 = CPC 34870 = CBS 145563, ITS, LSU, actA, his3 and rpb2
sequences GenBank MK876401.1, MK876442.1, MK876459.1, MK876476.1
and MK876488.1, MycoBank MB830848).
Notes — Pantospora is characterised by conidiogenous
cells with sympodial and percurrent proliferation, and pseudocercospora-like conidia that have transverse, and often also
oblique to longitudinal septa (Minnis et al. 2011, Videira et al.
2017). Pantospora chromolaenae represents a new species
on Chromolaena odorata in Thailand.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Rhachisphaerella mozambica (GenBank
MH863208.1; Identities = 506/514 (98 %), 3 gaps (0 %)),
Pantospora guazumae (GenBank NR_119971.1; Identities =
506/514 (98 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and Amycosphaerella africana (as Mycosphaerella aurantia, GenBank EU853468.1;
Identities = 506/514 (98 %), 3 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits
using the LSU sequence are Ragnhildiana diffusa (GenBank
MH866148.1; Identities = 831/833 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Ragnhildiana pseudotithoniae (GenBank NG_058049.1; Identities = 831/833 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Ragnhildiana perfoliati
(GenBank GU214453.1; Identities = 815/817 (99 %), 1 gap
(0 %)). Closest hits using the actA sequence had highest
similarity to Amycosphaerella africana (GenBank KF903407.1;
Identities = 496/520 (95 %), 5 gaps (0 %)), Rhachisphaerella mozambica (as Mycosphaerella mozambica, GenBank
EU514319.1; Identities = 504/531 (95 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and
Camptomeriphila leucaenae (GenBank KY173563.1; Identities
= 446/474 (94 %), 5 gaps (1 %)). No actA sequence of Pantospora was available for comparison. Closest hits using the his3
sequence had highest similarity to Rhachisphaerella mozambica
(as Mycosphaerella mozambica, GenBank EU514371.1; Identities = 371/382 (97 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Pseudocercosporella
bakeri (GenBank KX288752.1; Identities = 353/371 (95 %),
3 gaps (0 %)) and Pseudocercospora indonesiana (GenBank EU514393.1; Identities = 356/390 (91 %), 7 gaps (1 %)).
No his3 sequence of Pantospora was available for comparison.
Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity
to Amycosphaerella africana (GenBank MF951432.1; Identities = 765/871 (88 %), no gaps), Asperisporium caricicola
(GenBank MF951439.1; Identities = 794/908 (87 %), no gaps)
and Asperisporium caricae (GenBank MF951438.1; Identities = 813/930 (87 %), no gaps). The rpb2 sequence is 804/923
(87 %, including 4 gaps) similar to the rpb2 sequence of Pantospora guazumae voucher BPI 880778 (JN190952.1).
Colour illustrations. Temple at Songkhla, Hat Yai. Leaf spots; conidiophores,
conidiogenous cells, and muriformly septate conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Nisachon Tamakeaw & Sukanya Haitook, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology,
Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
e-mail: ratcha.222@gmail.com, nisachon_t@cmu.ac.th & sukanya_hai@cmu.ac.th
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
352
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Ramularia pistaciae
Fungal Planet description sheets
353
Fungal Planet 891 – 19 July 2019
Ramularia pistaciae Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Pistacia, the host genus from which this fungus
was isolated.
Classification — Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, hyaline, smoothwalled, 2–2.5 mm diam hyphae. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells on hyphae, or 1-septate, erect, straight to
flexuous, hyaline, smooth-walled, 5 – 25 × 2.5 – 3 mm. Conidiogenous cells terminal, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth,
5 –12 × 2.5 – 3 mm, proliferating sympodially; scars thickened,
darkened and refractive, 1 mm diam. Conidia subcylindrical to
fusoid-ellipsoid, hyaline, smooth-walled; ramoconidia 0–1-septate, 10 –18 × 2.5 – 3 mm; intermediary and terminal conidia
in branched chains, aseptate, (5 –)6 –7(– 8) × 2.5 – 3 mm; hila
thickened, darkened, and refractive, 0.5 –1 mm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface and
reverse saffron. On PDA surface dirty white, reverse olivaceous
grey in middle, plate luteous in outer region. On OA surface
saffron.
Notes — Ramularia was recently revised by Videira et al.
(2015, 2016). Ramularia pistaciae is the first species known to
occur on Pistacia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Ramularia pratensis var. pratensis (GenBank
EU019284.2; Identities = 520/532 (98 %), 1 gap (0 %)), Ramularia eucalypti (GenBank EF394861.1; Identities = 520/532
(98 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Ramularia gei (GenBank KX287412.1;
Identities = 519/531 (98 %), 1 gap (0 %)). Closest hits using
the actA sequence had highest similarity to Ramularia gaultheriae (GenBank KX287693.1; Identities = 540/585 (92 %), no
gaps), Ramularia unterseheri (GenBank KP894376.1; Identities = 545/592 (92 %), 3 gaps (0 %)) and Ramularia diervillae
(GenBank KX287689.1; Identities = 536/586 (91 %), 3 gaps
(0 %)). Closest hits using the gapdh sequence had highest
similarity to Ramularia vizellae (GenBank KP894637.1; Identities = 414/455 (91 %), 8 gaps (1 %)), Ramularia actinidia (GenBank KX288152.1; Identities = 407/452 (90 %), 12 gaps (2 %))
and Ramularia inaequalis (GenBank KP894555.1; Identities =
405/451 (90 %), 12 gaps (2 %)).
Typus. itAly, Rome, on leaves of Pistacia lentiscus (Anacardiaceae), 13
Apr. 2018, P.W. Crous, HPC 2340 (holotype CBS H-23958, culture ex-type
CPC 35443 = CBS 145564, ITS, actA and gapdh sequences GenBank
MK876408.1, MK876462.1 and MK876473.1, MycoBank MB830849).
Colour illustrations. Forest with diverse trees near Rome. Conidiophores
sporulating on synthetic nutrient-poor agar; conidiophores and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
Alberto Santini, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - C.N.R.,
Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto fiorentino (FI), Italy; e-mail: alberto.santini@cnr.it
Giovanni Mughini, Research Center for Forestry and Wood - C.R.E.A.,
Via Valle della Quistione 27, 00166 Rome, Italy; e-mail: giovanni.mughini@crea.gov.it
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
354
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Thozetella neonivea
& Neodevriesia sexualis
355
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 892 & 893 – 19 July 2019
Thozetella neonivea Crous & Thangavel, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to a morphology similar to that of Thozetella
nivea.
Classification — Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales,
Sordariomycetes.
Conidiomata solitary, dispersed, sporodochial, erect, oval,
70–300 mm diam, superficial, cream to pale brown, arising from
a hyaline hyphal network; supporting cells subcylindrical, pale
brown to brown, giving rise to an apical layer of conidiogenous
cells. Conidiogenous cells discrete, pale brown, smooth, doliiform to subcylindrical, 12 – 26 × 2.5 – 3.5 mm, apex 1.5 – 2 mm
diam, phialidic, with periclinal thickening and minute collarette.
Conidia hyaline, smooth, aseptate, eguttulate, fusoid, straight
or slightly curved, (12 –)13 –14(–15) × (2.5 –)3 mm with an unbranched appendage at each end, central at apex and excentric
at base, 5 – 8 mm long. Microawns also produced enteroblastically from phialides, hyaline, tapering towards base, verruculose
and curved towards obtuse apex, 40 – 55 × 3 – 4 mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and feathery margin,
reaching 50 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface olivaceous grey, reverse isabelline. On PDA surface and reverse
olivaceous grey. On OA surface umber.
Typus. new ZeAlAnd, Northland, on leaves of Archontophoenix cunninghamiana (Arecaceae), 2017, R. Thangavel, T17_03360H (holotype CBS
H-23959, culture ex-type CPC 34886 = CBS 145534, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876411.1 and MK876451.1, MycoBank MB830850).
Note — Thozetella neonivea is characterised by sporodochia
with aseptate, setulate conidia, (12–)13–14(–15) × (2.5–)3 mm,
and having microawns (verruculose, curved, 40–55 × 3–4 mm).
Based on ITS sequence data, it is phylogenetically closest to
Thozetella nivea (conidia 17.5 – 24 × 3 – 3.8 µm, microawns
curved, 50 –70 × 1.3 – 3 µm; Pirozynski & Hodges 1973), but
is distinct from that species based on its conidial dimensions
and the morphology of its microawns. A key to species in the
genus has been provided by Barbosa et al. (2011), with several
species linked to Chaetosphaeria sexual morphs, although it is
relevant to recognise that the latter genus is polyphyletic.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Thozetella nivea (GenBank EU825201.1; Identities = 492/509 (97 %), 5 gaps (0 %)), Thozetella tocklaiensis
(GenBank MH857817.1; Identities = 457/474 (96 %), 6 gaps
(1 %)) and Thozetella pinicola (as Thozetella sp. RJ-2008, GenBank EU825197.1; Identities = 490/510 (96 %), 5 gaps (0 %)).
The ITS sequence was also highly similar to several sequences
deposited in GenBank under ‘Thozetella sp.’ and representing
endophytes of Rhododendron hair roots in China (GenBank
HM208719.1), Populus deltoides roots in USA (e.g., GenBank
JX243958.1), Erica demissa and Erica dominans roots in South
Africa (e.g., GenBank KF270075.1 and KY228489.1), Nicotiana
benthamiana and Nicotiana simulans roots and leaves in Australia (e.g., GenBank KU059808.1 and KY582136.1) and from
the roots of Festuca rubra subsp. pruinosa in Spain (GenBank
MH633956.1). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Thozetella nivea (GenBank EU825200.1; Identities = 815/817 (99 %),
1 gap (0 %)), Thozetella pinicola (as Thozetella sp. RJ-2008,
Gen-Bank EU825195.1; Identities = 814/819 (99 %), 1 gap
(0 %)) and Thozetella pandanicola (GenBank MH376740.1;
Identities = 813/820 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Neodevriesia sexualis Crous & Thangavel, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the sexual morph that forms in culture.
Classification — Neodevriesiaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetidae.
Colonies nearly sterile, sporulating sparsely on PNA. Ascomata
pseudothecial, solitary on aerial hyphae, globose, brown, 40–70
mm diam with central ostiole; wall of 2–3 layers of brown textura
angularis. Asci bitunicate, obovoid, 8-spored, 20 – 30 × 7–11
mm, with apical chamber 2 mm diam. Ascospores multiseriate,
hyaline, smooth-walled, guttulate, straight, thick-walled, widest
in middle of apical cell, 12 –13 × 3 – 4 mm; with non-persistent
mucoid sheath.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, surface
folded with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 25 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA
and OA surface and reverse olivaceous grey.
Typus. new ZeAlAnd, Northland, on leaves of Archontophoenix cunninghamiana (Arecaceae), 9 Oct. 2017, R. Thangavel (holotype CBS H-23960,
culture ex-type T17_03360I = CPC 34887 = CBS 145568, ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank MK876398.1 and MK876439.1, MycoBank MB830851).
Notes — Neodevriesia was established by Quaedvlieg et al.
(2014) for a genus of hyphomycetes with teratosphaeria-like
sexual morphs. Neodevriesia sexualis differs from the majority
of species known in the genus, in that it produces only a sexual
morph in culture.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Neodevriesia capensis (as Teratosphaeria capensis, GenBank JN712501.1; Identities = 511/541 (94 %), 18 gaps
(3 %)), Neodevriesia agapanthi (GenBank NR_111766.1; Identities = 451/482 (94 %), 11 gaps (2 %)) and Neodevriesia imbrexigena (as Devriesia imbrexigena, GenBank JX915748.1; Identities = 446/480 (93 %), 16 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using the
LSU sequence are Neodevriesia imbrexigena (as Devriesia imbrexigena, GenBank JX915749.1; Identities = 822/828 (99 %),
1 gap (0 %)), Neodevriesia simplex (GenBank KF310027.1;
Identities = 758/764 (99 %), no gaps) and Neodevriesia hilliana
(GenBank GU214414.1; Identities = 821/828 (99 %), 1 gap
(0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Leaves of Archontophoenix cunninghamiana. Left
column, Thozetella neonivea; colony on oatmeal agar; conidiogenous cells;
microawns; conidia. Right column, Neodevriesia sexualis; asci; ascospores.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries,
P.O. Box 2095, Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: thangavel.raja@mpi.govt.nz
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
356
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Helminthosporium erythrinicola
357
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 894 – 19 July 2019
Helminthosporium erythrinicola Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Erythrina, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Massarinaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Colony on natural substrate black, hairy, effuse, 1– 2 cm long.
Mycelium mostly immersed, forming a brown stroma on the
surface, 150–200 mm diam, giving rise to erect, flexuous conidiophores. Conidiophores 500 –1200 × 6 –10 mm, multiseptate,
finely roughened, subcylindrical with slight apical taper, arising
in fascicles, unbranched, brown, becoming pale brown at apex,
rejuvenating percurrently. Conidiogenous cells terminal and
intercalary with well-defined pores (4 – 5 × 2 – 3 mm), thickened
and darkened, 25–40 × 6–8 mm. Conidia (70–)80–90(–110) ×
(9–)10–11(–12) mm, obclavate, straight to curved, apex subobtuse, smooth, medium brown, (6–)7–8(–12)-distoseptate, with
angular lumina; wall 3 – 4 mm thick, hila thickened, darkened,
3 – 4 mm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
moderate aerial mycelium and feathery margin on PDA, smooth
on OA and MEA, reaching 60 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On
MEA surface olivaceous grey, reverse iron-grey with patches
of olivaceous grey. On PDA surface and reverse iron-grey. On
OA surface iron-grey.
Typus. South AfricA, Eastern Cape Province, Haga Haga, Amathole, on
leaves of Erythrina humeana (Fabaceae), 26 Dec. 2016, M.J. Wingfield, HPC
2301 (holotype CBS H-23961, culture ex-type CPC 35291 = CBS 145569,
ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences GenBank MK876391.1, MK876432.1 and
MK876486.1, MycoBank MB830852).
Notes — Helminthosporium was recently revised by Voglmayr & Jaklitsch (2017) and Hernández-Restrepo et al. (2018).
Helminthosporium erythrinicola is related to H. genistae (CBS
142597), and represents the first species described from
Erythrina humeana. Helminthosporium erythrinae (on Erythrina
suberosa, India; conidia 4–8-septate, 39–62 × 8 mm; Thirumalachar 1950) differs in having smaller conidia with fewer septa.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Helminthosporium submersum (as Helminthosporium sp. ZLL-2017a, GenBank MG098780.1; Identities = 462/483 (96 %), 4 gaps (0 %)), Helminthosporium
velutinum (GenBank JN198435.1; Identities = 473/499 (95 %),
4 gaps (0 %)) and Helminthosporium magnisporum (GenBank
AB811452.1; Identities = 436/461 (95 %), 3 gaps (0 %)). Closest
hits using the LSU sequence are Helminthosporium velutinum (GenBank KY984355.1; Identities = 814/823 (99 %),
1 gap (0 %)), Helminthosporium oligosporum (GenBank
KY984333.1; Identities = 813/823 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Helminthosporium caespitosum (GenBank KY984305.1; Identities
= 813/823 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2
sequence had highest similarity to Helminthosporium genistae (GenBank KY984377.1; Identities = 832/884 (94 %), no
gaps), Helminthosporium quercinum (GenBank KY984401.1;
Identities = 828/884 (94 %), no gaps) and Helminthosporium
velutinum (GenBank KY984416.1; Identities = 826/884 (93 %),
no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Erythrina humeana at Haga Haga. Sporulation on
host tissue; conidiogenous loci and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
358
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Helminthosporium syzygii
359
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 895 – 19 July 2019
Helminthosporium syzygii Crous & M.J. Wingf., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Syzygium, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Massarinaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Colony on natural substrate black, hairy, effuse, 1– 2 mm long.
Mycelium immersed, forming a brown stroma on the surface,
40 –150 mm diam, giving rise to erect conidiophores. Conidiophores 150–400 × 10–15 mm, multiseptate, arising in fascicles,
unbranched, dark brown, somewhat clavate at apex, rejuvenating percurrently. Conidiogenous cells terminal with well-defined
pore, 3 – 4 mm diam, thickened and darkened, 20 – 40 × 13 –15
mm. Conidia (70 –)80 –100(–150) × (19 –)22 – 23 (– 25) mm,
obclavate, curved, apex subobtuse, warty, inner surface striate,
medium brown, (7–)9 –12-distoseptate, with angular lumina;
wall 5–7 mm thick; hila thickened and darkened, 4–5 mm diam.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching 60
mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface mouse grey,
reverse greyish sepia. On PDA surface mouse grey, reverse
olivaceous grey. On OA surface pale luteous in centre, mouse
grey in outer region.
Typus. South AfricA, Eastern Cape Province, Haga Haga, Amathole, on
bark canker of Syzygium sp. (Myrtaceae), 20 Dec. 2016, M.J. Wingfield, HPC
2295 (holotype CBS H-23962, culture ex-type CPC 35312 = CBS 145570,
ITS, LSU and rpb2 sequences GenBank MK876392.1, MK876433.1 and
MK876487.1, MycoBank MB830853).
Notes — Helminthosporium syzygii is phylogenetically related to but morphologically distinct from H. hispanicum (Voglmayr & Jaklitsch 2017), and characterised by an association
with bark cankers on Syzygium sp. in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Helminthosporium hispanicum (GenBank
NR_155196.1; Identities = 551/588 (94 %), 7 gaps (1 %)), Helminthosporium quercinum (GenBank KY984337.1; Identities
= 433/495 (87 %), 18 gaps (3 %)) and Helminthosporium microsorum (GenBank KY984329.1; Identities = 496/589 (84 %),
25 gaps (4 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Helminthosporium magnisporum (GenBank AB807522.1; Identities = 845/857 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Helminthosporium quercinum (GenBank KY984338.1; Identities = 844/857 (98 %),
2 gaps (0 %)) and Helminthosporium microsorum (GenBank
KY984326.1; Identities = 844/857 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to
Helminthosporium hispanicum (GenBank KY984381.1; Identities = 912/949 (96 %), no gaps), Helminthosporium quercinum
(GenBank KY984401.1; Identities = 892/949 (94 %), no gaps)
and Helminthosporium microsorum (GenBank KY984386.1;
Identities = 885/949 (93 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Beach at Haga Haga. Conidiophores on host tissue;
conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Michael J. Wingfield, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria,
Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; e-mail: mike.wingfield@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
360
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Calophoma sandfjordenica
361
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 896 – 19 July 2019
Calophoma sandfjordenica Crous & Rämä, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Sandfjorden, Berlevåg, Norway, a landscape
preservation area with a long sandy beach and dunes, where this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Didymellaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary, black, globose, immersed to
erumpent, ostiolate, 200 – 300 mm diam; wall of 3 – 6 layers of
brown textura angularis. Micropycnidia present. Conidiophores
reduced to conidiogenous cells lining the inner cavity, ampulliform to doliiform, hyaline, smooth, phialidic with periclinal
thickening, 5 –10 × 5 –7 mm. Conidia subcylindrical, straight to
curved, ends obtuse, hyaline, smooth, 0(–1)-septate, guttulate,
(8 –)10 –14(–18) × (2 –)3 mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, covering dish
after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface dirty white, reverse umber
with patches of sienna. On PDA surface and reverse hazel. On
OA surface isabelline.
Typus. norwAy, Finnmark, Berlevåg, Sandfjorden, isolated from a piece
of board found in the breaker zone on a rocky shore, N70°47'36" E29°16'43",
7 Sept. 2010, T. Rämä, 077bU1.2 (holotype CBS H-23963, culture ex-type
050aE2.1 = CPC 36272 = CBS 145571, ITS, LSU, actA and rpb2 sequences
GenBank MK876378.1, MK876417.1, MK876453.1 and MK876478.1, MycoBank MB830854).
Notes — Species of Phoma and related coelomycetous
genera have long been known to be frequent in the marine
environment, but little effort has been made to identify these
fungi to species level. Due to their very indistinct morphological
features, the only means to separate species is by phylogenetic
inference based on DNA sequence data supplemented with culture characteristics (Kohlmeyer & Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1991,
Jones et al. 2015). Calophoma sandfjordenica described here
is the first marine member of this recently established genus
(Chen et al. 2015). The species was isolated from driftwood at
three locations along the Northern Norwegian coast. Two of the
substrates were of Pinus and one on the wood of an unidentified
tree. All locations are at the open ocean (Barents Sea). The
ITS sequence showed greatest similarity with C. complanata.
Some closely related species, such as Phoma herbarum and
Phomatodes nebulosa are also known to thrive in the marine
environment (Jones et al. 2015).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Microsphaeropsis olivacea (GenBank MG020349.1;
Identities = 521/536 (97 %), 7 gaps (1 %)), Calophoma aquilegiicola (GenBank MH855149.1; Identities = 518/534 (97 %), 4 gaps
(0 %)) and Epicoccum huancayense (GenBank MH861244.1;
Identities = 520/537 (97 %), 7 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using
the LSU sequence are Calophoma complanata (GenBank
EU754180.1; Identities = 875/875 (100 %), no gaps), Phomatodes nebulosa (GenBank MH876211.1; Identities = 889/893
(99 %), no gaps) and Ascochyta ferulae (GenBank MH871928.1;
Identities = 889/893 (99 %), no gaps). Closest hits using the
actA sequence had highest similarity to Didymella rabiei (GenBank KM244530.1; Identities = 587/632 (93 %), 8 gaps (1 %)),
Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum (GenBank KX246908.1;
Identities = 578/635 (91 %), 11 gaps (1 %)) and Stagonosporopsis citrulli (GenBank KX246907.1; Identities = 577/635
(91 %), 11 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence
had highest similarity to Calophoma complanata (GenBank
GU371778.1; Identities = 829/890 (93 %), no gaps, Ascochyta
herbicola (GenBank KP330421.1; Identities = 739/823 (90 %),
2 gaps (0 %)) and Nothophoma gossypiicola (GenBank
LT593082.1; Identities = 817/912 (90 %), 4 gaps (0 %)).
Colour illustrations. Sørsandfjorden (Hasvik, Sørøya) is one of the locations where Calophoma sandfjordenica was collected from driftwood.
Conidiomata on potato dextrose agar; conidiogenous cells and conidia.
Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Teppo Rämä, Marbio, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway;
e-mail: teppo.rama@uit.no
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
362
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Didymella finnmarkica
363
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 897 – 19 July 2019
Didymella finnmarkica Crous & Rämä, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects the most north-eastern county of Norway,
Finnmark, where the species was collected.
Classification — Didymellaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary to aggregated, globose, 200 –
300 mm diam, with 1– 2 ostioles; conidiomata (on SNA) subhyaline with prominent dark ostiole, 20 – 30 mm diam, periphysate, with a dark brown rosette of cells and short setae,
thick-walled, septate, cylindrical with obtuse apices, 15 – 50
× 3 – 4 mm. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells
lining the inner cavity, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform, phialidic
with periclinal thickening, 5 – 8 × 4 – 5 mm. Conidia dimorphic,
subcylindrical, straight to slightly curved, ends obtuse, hyaline,
smooth, granular, guttulate, consisting of smaller aseptate,
and larger 1-septate conidia: aseptate conidia (6 –)7– 9(–11) ×
(2–)2.5(–3) mm; 1-septate conidia (12–)13–16(–18) × (3–)3.5
(– 4) mm. Chlamydospores not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and feathery margin,
covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface luteous with
patches of sienna, reverse sienna. On PDA surface and reverse
isabelline. On OA surface luteous with patches of isabelline.
Typus. norwAy, Finnmark, Båtsfjord, Hamningberg, Skjåvika, isolated from
a piece of Pinus sylvestris driftwood that was found among algal debris on a
sandy shore, N70°32'32" E30°35'22", 9 Sept. 2010, T. Rämä, 086aN2.2 (holotype CBS H-23964, culture ex-type 086aN2.2 = CPC 36275 = CBS 145572,
ITS, LSU, actA and rpb2 sequences GenBank MK876388.1, MK876429.1,
MK876458.1 and MK876484.1, MycoBank MB830855).
Notes — No new marine Didymella species has been described since 1985 (Jones et al. 2015). The four known species
are D. avicenniae (found on Avicennia in mangroves), D. fucicola (on marine brown algae Fucus and Pelvetia), D. gloiopeltidis (on red alga Gloiopeltis furcata) and D. magnei (on red
alga Palmaria palmata). These species are rarely collected and
sequence data are available only for D. fucicola. Didymella finnmarkica described here is recognised as a new species based
on ITS sequence data and ecology. None of the previously
described Didymella species have been observed or isolated
from driftwood (excluding mangroves). Didymella finnmarkica
was isolated from a single piece of Pinus sylvestris driftwood in
north-eastern Norway that was heavily colonised with marine
dwelling invertebrates.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Didymella pinodella (as Phoma pinodella, GenBank
AY831556.1; Identities = 521/532 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Didymella glomerata (GenBank MH864401.1; Identities = 528/540
(98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Didymella macrostoma (GenBank
MH855806.1; Identities = 528/540 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Didymella macrostoma
(GenBank MH871627.1; Identities = 835/838 (99 %), no gaps),
Didymella fabae (GenBank FJ755246.1; Identities = 835/838
(99 %), no gaps) and Ascochyta medicaginicola var. macrospora (GenBank MH870279.1; Identities = 834/838 (99 %), no
gaps). Closest hits using the actA sequence had highest similarity to Peyronellaea combreti (GenBank KJ869228.1; Identities = 586/634 (92 %), no gaps), Stagonosporopsis caricae
(GenBank KX246909.1; Identities = 592/648 (91 %), 10 gaps
(1 %)) and Stagonosporopsis citrulli (GenBank KX246907.1;
Identities = 591/648 (91 %), 10 gaps (1 %)). Closest hits using
the rpb2 sequence had highest similarity to Didymella microchlamydospora (GenBank MH133221.1; Identities = 635/695
(91 %), no gaps), Macroventuria anomochaeta (GenBank
GU456346.1; Identities = 624/695 (90 %), no gaps) and Didymella aliena (GenBank MG571231.1; Identities = 621/697
(89 %), no gaps).
Colour illustrations. Type locality on seashore in Hamningberg, Norway.
Conidiomata on oatmeal agar; ostiole; conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Teppo Rämä, Marbio, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway;
e-mail: teppo.rama@uit.no
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
364
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Neognomoniopsis quercina
365
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 898 – 19 July 2019
Neognomoniopsis Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the genus Gnomoniopsis.
Classification — Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
subcylindrical with a long, tapered stalk, with visible apical ring,
containing eight multiseriate ascospores. Ascospores hyaline,
smooth, guttulate, fusoid, widest at median septum, straight or
slightly curved, ends subobtuse, lacking mucoid appendages.
Ascomata perithecial, solitary or in groups of up to three, dark
brown, globose, with solitary, central neck, straight to curved,
apex pale brown, obtuse. Asci hyaline, uniseriate, inoperculate,
Type species. Neognomoniopsis quercina Crous.
MycoBank MB830856.
Neognomoniopsis quercina Crous, sp. nov.
Typus. itAly, Rome, on leaves of Quercus ilex (Fagaceae), 13 Apr.
2018, P.W. Crous, HPC 2333 (holotype CBS H-23965, culture ex-type CPC
35562 = CBS 145575, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876399.1 and
MK876440.1, MycoBank MB830857).
Notes — Members of Gnomoniaceae are characterised
by ascomata that are generally immersed, solitary, without a
stroma, or aggregated in leaves or woody tissues of predominantly hardwood trees from temperate zones in the Northern
Hemisphere. Monod (1983) included 22 genera in the family,
some of which were excluded by Castlebury et al. (2002). Species of Gnomonia typically have solitary, thin-walled, immersed
perithecia with long necks and lack any stroma, and generally
have ascospores that are medianly septate. However, Gnomonia was shown to not be monophyletic (Sogonov et al. 2005,
2008). Gnomoniopsis, which is mostly associated with either
Fagaceae or Rosaceae, was originally described for species
having ascospores that develop additional septa (Sogonov et
al. 2008). One species to consider is Gnomonia quercus-ilicis,
which was described from Quercus ilex in Italy, was listed as
‘doubtful’ by Monod (1983), having not found any material in
PAD. However, based on the original description provided by
Saccardo (1895), perithecia are 100–110 mm diam, asci 45–50
× 12–16 mm, and ascospores 1-septate, 20–24 × 7–8 mm, thus
quite different from the present collection, which we describe
here as new.
Colour illustrations. Leaf spots on Quercus ilex. Ascomata with necks
on synthetic nutrient-poor agar; asci; ascospores. Scale bars = 200 mm
(ascomata with necks), 10 µm (all others).
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Plagiostoma conradii (GenBank KX929768.1; Identities = 437/491 (89 %), 11 gaps (2 %)), Gnomoniopsis paraclavulata (GenBank MH863162.1; Identities = 456/524 (87 %),
17 gaps (3 %)) and Discula quercina (GenBank GQ452263.1;
Identities = 456/524 (87 %), 17 gaps (3 %)). Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Cryptodiaporthe aubertii (GenBank
KX929803.1; Identities = 831/845 (98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)), Sirococcus castaneae (GenBank KX929769.1; Identities = 831/845
(98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Ambarignomonia petiolorum (as Gnomonia petiolorum, GenBank AY818963.1; Identities = 831/845
(98 %), 2 gaps (0 %)).
Etymology. Name refers to Quercus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Ascomata perithecial, sparsely formed on SNA, immersed to
superficial, solitary or in groups of up to three, dark brown,
globose, 200–250 µm diam, with solitary, central neck, straight
to curved, apex pale brown, obtuse, 50 – 200 × 25 – 30 µm.
Asci hyaline, uniseriate, inoperculate, subcylindrical with a
long, tapered stalk, 40 – 55 × 6 –7 µm, with visible apical ring,
containing eight multiseriate ascospores. Ascospores hyaline,
smooth, guttulate, fusoid, widest at median septum, straight or
slightly curved, ends subobtuse, lacking mucoid appendages,
(17–)18 –19(– 24) × 2 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, reaching
30 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface sienna, reverse
ochreous. On PDA surface sienna with patches of dirty white,
reverse umber. On OA surface ochreous.
Pedro W. Crous, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl
Alberto Santini, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - C.N.R.,
Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto fiorentino (FI), Italy; e-mail: alberto.santini@cnr.it
Giovanni Mughini, Research Center for Forestry and Wood - C.R.E.A.,
Via Valle della Quistione 27, 00166 Rome, Italy; e-mail: giovanni.mughini@crea.gov.it
Ning Jiang & Cheng Ming Tian, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,
Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; e-mail: ning_taxonomy@126.com & chengmt@bjfu.edu.cn
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
366
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Hypsotheca eucalyptorum
367
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 899 – 19 July 2019
Hypsotheca eucalyptorum Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus, the host genus from which this
fungus was isolated.
Classification — Coryneliaceae, Coryneliales, Eurotiomycetes.
Conidiomata sparsely formed in culture, pycnidial, brown, globose, 180–200 µm diam, developing in aerial mycelium. Dominant morph hyphomycetous. Mycelium initially hyaline, smooth,
becoming brown, verruculose to warty, septate, branched,
2 – 3 µm diam. Conidiophores erect on superficial hyphae,
0 –1-septate, unbranched, subcylindrical, straight to flexuous,
brown, verruculose, 5 – 20 × 1.5 – 2.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells
terminal, pale brown, verruculose, subcylindrical, phialidic with
flared collarette, 2 – 3 µm diam, 5 –15 × 1.5 – 2.5 µm. Conidia
aseptate, solitary, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, subcylindrical with
obtuse ends, (3 –)3.5 – 4(– 4.5) × 1.5(– 2) µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies erumpent, spreading,
with moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
reaching 60 mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA, PDA and
OA surface brown vinaceous, reverse leaden black.
Typus. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Boorabee State Forest, McCorquodale plantation, on leaves of Eucalyptus grandis × camaldulensis clone
(Myrtaceae), 20 Apr. 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC 2431 (holotype CBS H-23966,
culture ex-type CPC 35734 = CBS 145576, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876393.1 and MK876434.1, MycoBank MB830858).
Notes — The genus Hypsotheca was recently resurrected
as sister genus to Caliciopsis. Species of Hypsotheca are distinguished from Caliciopsis in having a phaeoacremonium-like
synasexual morph in culture (Pascoe et al. 2018, Crous et al.
2019). Hypsotheca eucalyptorum is related to H. pleomorpha
(conidia (3 –)4 – 5(– 6) × 1.5(– 2) μm), but distinct in that the
hyphomycetous morph is dominant in culture.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence of CPC
35734 had highest similarity to Hypsotheca pleomorpha (as
Caliciopsis pleomorpha, GenBank MG641785.1; Identities =
500/552 (91 %), 23 gaps (4 %)), Caliciopsis eucalypti (GenBank
NR_154836.1; Identities = 396/429 (92 %), 10 gaps (0 %)) and
Corynelia uberata (GenBank KU204606.1; Identities = 497/551
(90 %), 26 gaps (4 %)). The ITS sequences of CPC 35734 and
CPC 35391 are 541/549 (99 %, including two gaps) similar. Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Hypsotheca pleomorpha
(GenBank MK442528.1; Identities = 800/829 (97 %), 3 gaps
(0 %)), Caliciopsis valentina (GenBank NG_060419.1; Identities = 776/824 (94 %), no gaps) and Caliciopsis pinea (GenBank DQ678097.1; Identities = 776/824 (94 %), no gaps). The
LSU sequences of CPC 35734 and CPC 35391 are 831/835
(99 %, including one gap) similar.
Additional material examined. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Orara State
Forest, on leaves of Eucalyptus grandis, 7 Mar. 2016, D. Sargeant, HPC 2304,
CPC 35391 = CBS 145577, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK876394.1
and MK876435.1.
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus grandis × camaldulensis plantation.
Hyphae with solitary conidiophores and conidiogenous cells; conidia. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
368
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Cylindrium grande
369
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 900 – 19 July 2019
Cylindrium grande Crous & Carnegie, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Eucalyptus grandis, the host species from
which this fungus was first isolated.
Classification — Cylindriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, hyaline, 1.5 – 2.5
µm diam hyphae that form large, black, globose to lobed
fertile structures up to 500 µm diam on SNA, MEA, PDA and
OA. Conidiomata sporodochial, sporulating on SNA, brown,
80 – 200 µm diam. Conidiophores arising from a pale brown
stroma, smooth, pale brown, subcylindrical, branched below,
1–3-septate, 20–30 × 4–6 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated,
pale brown, smooth, subcylindrical to somewhat ampulliform,
proliferating sympodially, terminal and intercalary, 15 – 20 ×
2 – 4 µm; scars inconspicuous. Conidia solitary, subcylindrical,
straight, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, apex obtuse, base bluntly
rounded to truncate, (13 –)18 – 20(– 22) × (2 –)2.5 – 3 µm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, with
sparse to moderate aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margin,
covering dish after 2 wk at 25 °C. On MEA surface ochreous
with patches of dirty white, reverse umber to sienna. On PDA
surface and reverse pale luteous with patches of chestnut. On
OA surface pale luteous.
Typus. AuStrAliA, New South Wales, Orara State Forest, on leaves of
Eucalyptus grandis (Myrtaceae), 7 Mar. 2016, D. Sargeant, HPC 2304 (holotype CBS H-23967, culture ex-type CPC 35403 = CBS 145655, ITS,
LSU, actA, cmdA, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences GenBank MK876384.1,
MK876425.1, MK876455.1, MK876467.1, MK876481.1, MK876495.1 and
MK876502.1, MycoBank MB830859).
Additional material examined. Cylindrium sp. AuStrAliA, New South Wales,
Wedding Bells State Forest, Crabtree plantation, on leaves of Eucalyptus
dunnii, 17 Apr. 2016, A.J. Carnegie, HPC 2414, CPC 35622 = CBS 145578,
ITS, LSU, actA, cmdA, rpb2 and tef1 sequences GenBank MK876385.1,
MK876426.1, MK876456.1, MK876468.1, MK876482.1 and MK876496.1.
Notes — Cylindrium was treated by Crous et al. (2018b).
Cylindrium grande is phylogenetically related to C. elongatum
(on Quercus leaf litter, conidia 15–18 × 2 mm; Ellis & Ellis 1997),
but the latter has smaller conidia.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS of CPC 35403 sequence had highest similarity to Cylindrium elongatum (GenBank KM231852.1; Identities = 528/544 (97 %), 3 gaps (0 %)),
Cylindrium syzygii (GenBank NR_157430.1; Identities = 519/
545 (95 %), 16 gaps (2 %)) and Cylindrium algarvense (GenBank
NR_132837.1; Identities = 495/528 (94 %), 14 gaps (2 %)). The
ITS sequences of CPC 35403 and CPC 35622 are 537/541
(99 %, including one gap) similar. Closest hits using the LSU
sequence of CPC 35403 are Tristratiperidium microsporum
(GenBank KT696539.1; Identities = 732/736 (99 %), no gaps),
Cylindrium syzygii (as Pseudoidriella syzygii, GenBank
JQ044441.1; Identities = 833 /839 (99 %), 1 gap) and Cylindrium purgamentum (GenBank KY173525.1; Identities = 813/820
(99 %), 1 gap). The LSU sequences of CPC 35403 and CPC
35622 are 827/833 (99 %, including one gap) similar. Closest
hits using the actA sequence of CPC 35403 had highest similarity to Cylindrium elongatum (GenBank KM231264.1; Identities = 616/672 (92 %), 16 gaps (2 %)) and Cylindrium aeruginosum (GenBank KM231265.1; Identities = 515/560 (92 %),
16 gaps (2 %)). The actA sequences of CPC 35403 and CPC
35622 are 631/667 (95 %, including three gaps) similar. Closest
hits using the cmdA sequence of CPC 35403 had highest similarity to Cylindrium elongatum (GenBank KM231448.1; Identities = 557/692 (80 %), 42 gaps (6 %)) and Cylindrium aeruginosum (GenBank KM231450.1; Identities = 492/604 (81 %),
35 gaps (6 %)). The cmdA sequences of CPC 35403 and CPC
35622 are 645/727 (89 %, including 18 gaps) similar. Closest hits using the rpb2 sequence of CPC 35403 had highest
similarity to Cylindrium elongatum (GenBank KM232428.1;
Identities = 707/801 (88 %), 6 gaps (0 %)) and Cylindrium aeruginosum (GenBank KM232430.1; Identities = 748/859 (87 %),
3 gaps (0 %)). The rpb2 sequences of CPC 35403 and CPC
35622 are 798/864 (92 %, no gaps) similar. Closest hits using
the tef1 sequence of CPC 35403 had highest similarity to Cylindrium elongatum (GenBank KM231988.1; Identities = 358/408
(88 %), 20 gaps (4 %)). The tef1 sequences of CPC 35403 and
CPC 35622 are 414/469 (88 %, including 10 gaps) similar.
Closest hits using the tub2 sequence of CPC 35403 had highest similarity to Cylindrium elongatum (GenBank KM232123.1;
Identities = 521/640 (81 %), 29 gaps (4 %)).
Colour illustrations. Eucalyptus dunnii forest. Sporodochium on pine
needle agar; conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 500 µm (sporodochium), 10 µm (all others).
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
Angus J. Carnegie, Forest Health & Biosecurity, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Forestry, Level 12,
10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia; e-mail: angus.carnegie@dpi.nsw.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
370
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Anungitiomyces stellenboschiensis
371
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 901 – 19 July 2019
Anungitiomyces Crous, gen. nov.
Etymology. Name relates to the host genus Anungitea on which this
fungus was collected.
Classification — Incertae sedis, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, branched, septate hyphae.
Conidiophores arising directly from hyphae, erect, flexuous to
geniculate-flexuous, subcylindrical, brown, smooth, unbranched
or branched below, septate. Conidiogenous cells integrated,
terminal, medium brown, smooth, subcylindrical, with slight
apical taper to truncate apex, proliferating sympodially; loci
flattened, not thickened nor darkened. Conidia solitary, hyaline,
guttulate, smooth, (0 –)1-septate, obclavate, straight to slightly
curved, base truncate, apex obtuse, thick-walled.
Type species. Anungitiomyces stellenboschiensis Crous.
MycoBank MB830860.
Anungitiomyces stellenboschiensis Crous, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to Stellenbosch, South Africa, where this fungus
was collected.
Mycelium consisting of hyaline, branched, septate, 2 – 2.5 mm
diam hyphae. Conidiophores arising directly from hyphae, erect,
flexuous to geniculate-flexuous, subcylindrical, brown, smooth,
unbranched or branched below, 3 – 8-septate, 50 –100(–150)
× 3 – 5 mm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, medium
brown, smooth, subcylindrical, with slight apical taper to truncate apex, proliferating sympodially, 20 – 50 × 3 – 4 mm; loci
flattened, 1.5–2 mm diam, not thickened nor darkened. Conidia
solitary, hyaline, guttulate, smooth, (0 –)1-septate, obclavate,
straight to slightly curved, base truncate, apex obtuse, thickwalled, (22 –)29 – 35(– 42) × (3 –)3.5(– 4) mm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies flat, spreading, hardly
growing, lacking aerial mycelium on MEA, PDA and SNA. On
OA umber, with sparse to no aerial mycelium, reaching 3 – 4
mm diam after 2 wk at 25 °C.
Notes — The present collection is reminiscent of Anungitea/
Anungitopsis (Seifert et al. 2011), except that the conidiogenous
loci are terminal, and the conidia are solitary, not in chains, and
obclavate, (0 –)1-septate. A new genus is therefore introduced
to accommodate it.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest
similarity to Robillarda sessilis (GenBank FJ825373.1; Identities = 496/622 (80 %), 47 gaps (7 %)), Robillarda terrae (GenBank NR_132902.1; Identities = 493/620 (80 %), 45 gaps (7 %))
and Seimatosporium pistaciae (GenBank KP004464.1; Identities = 493/622 (79 %), 46 gaps (7 %)). Closest hits using the LSU
sequence are Oxydothis metroxylonis (GenBank KY206764.1;
Identities = 792/830 (95 %), 4 gaps (0 %)), Entosordaria quercina (GenBank MF488994.1; Identities = 793/832 (95 %), 5
gaps (0 %)) and Oxydothis garethjonesii (GenBank KY206762.1;
Identities = 803/843 (95 %), 5 gaps (0 %)).
Typus. South AfricA, Western Cape Province, Stellenbosch Mountain,
on leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), 2010, P.W. Crous (holotype CBS
H-23968, culture ex-type CPC 34726, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MK876376.1 and MK876415.1, MycoBank MB830861).
Colour illustrations. Leaf of Eucalyptus sp. Colony on oatmeal agar;
conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167,
3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: p.crous@wi.knaw.nl & e.groenewald@wi.knaw.nl
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
372
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Alfoldia vorosii
373
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 902 – 19 July 2019
Alfoldia D.G. Knapp, Imrefi & Kovács, gen. nov.
Etymology. Referring to the sampling site, the Great Hungarian Plain,
which is called ‘Alföld’ in Hungarian.
Classification — Amorosiaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Alfoldia isolates can be collected from surface-sterilised roots
and can be cultured and maintained on general media. Isolates of the genus Alfoldia are root endophytes associated
with woody plant species of semiarid grasslands of the Great
Hungarian Plain.
Type species. Alfoldia vorosii D.G. Knapp, Imrefi & Kovács.
MycoBank MB830105.
Alfoldia vorosii D.G. Knapp, Imrefi & Kovács, sp. nov.
Etymology. We name the species in honour of the 90th anniversary of the
birth of the outstanding Hungarian mycologist József Vörös (1929 –1991),
who contributed significantly to the discipline.
Alfoldia vorosii differs from its closest phylogenetic neighbour,
Angustimassarina populi (MFLUCC 13-0034), by unique fixed
alleles in the ITS, LSU, SSU and tef1 loci based on alignments
of the separate loci deposited in TreeBASE as study S24077:
ITS positions: 96 (T), 102 (insertion), 122 (C), 202 (T), 206 (T),
227 (T), 235 (T), 236 (C), 237 (T), 250 (A), 254 (A), 423 (T),
428 (T), 436 (G), 462 (T), 466 (insertion), 474 (A), 492 (T),
544 (G), 546 (C), 553 (A), 554 (A), 555 (A), 572 (T), 573 (A),
575 (G), 576 (C), 577 (A), 578 (C), 581 (C), 585 (T), 592 (T);
LSU positions: 92 (C), 93 (T), 416 (C), 418 (T), 423 (A), 429
(T), 435 (T), 439 (G), 451 (A), 452 (T), 505 (T), 507 (T), 532
(T), 534 (C), 550 (T); SSU positions: 32 (A), 38 (insertion), 117
(A), 246 (insertion), 341 (T), 349 (G); tef1 positions: 224 (G),
245 (C), 248 (A), 275 (T), 311 (G), 319 (C), 329 (G), 360 (T),
366 (G), 368 (T), 369 (T), 443 (C), 467 (C), 510 (G), 512 (T),
533 (C), 554 (C), 599 (C), 607 (T), 609–611 (deletion), 629 (C).
Culture characteristics — Colonies covering the Petri dish
in 3 wk. Colony on PDA fluffy, smoke, olivaceous grey to white,
spreading with abundant aerial mycelium, exudates often observed in concentric rings. Colony on MEA smoke grey to white
with an entire edge and sparse aerial mycelium, exudates
generally observed. Cultures sterile.
Typus. hungAry, Fülöpháza, from roots of Juniperus communis (Cupressaceae), 2008, D.G. Knapp & G.M. Kovács (holotype BP110341, culture extype REF116 = CBS 145501, ITS, LSU, SSU and tef1 sequences GenBank
JN859336, MK589354, MK589346 and MK599320, MycoBank MB830106).
Additional materials examined. hungAry, Fülöpháza, from roots of J. communis, 2008, D.G. Knapp & G.M. Kovács, REF117, ITS, LSU, SSU and tef1
sequences GenBank JN859337, MK589355, MK589347 and MK599321;
ibid., from roots of Ailanthus altissima (Simaroubaceae), 2008, D.G. Knapp &
G.M. Kovács, REF114, ITS sequence GenBank JN859334; Tatárszentgyörgy,
from roots of J. communis, 2008, D.G. Knapp & G.M. Kovács, REF113, ITS,
LSU, SSU and tef1 sequences GenBank JN859333, MK589353, MK589345
and MK599319; ibid., REF115, ITS sequence GenBank JN859335.
Colour illustrations. Semiarid sandy grassland in the Great Hungarian
Plain (= Alföld) with juniper trees. The host (Juniperus communis) of Alfoldia
vorosii; colony on PDA media; dark septate hyphae of the strain REF116.
Scale bar = 10 μm.
Notes — Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide database, the closest hits of Alfoldia vorosii (CBS
145501) using the ITS sequence are Lophiostoma corticola
(GenBank KU712227.1; Identities = 507/538 (94 %), 15 gaps
(2 %)), Angustimassarina populi (GenBank MF409170.1;
Identities = 491/521 (94 %), 14 gaps (2 %)) and Angustimassarina rosarum (GenBank MG828869.1; Identities = 483/514
(94 %), 15 gaps (2 %)). The closest hits using the LSU sequence are Angustimassarina populi (GenBank MF409166.1;
Identities = 892/907 (98 %), no gaps), Angustimassarina coryli
(GenBank MF167432.1; Identities = 876/891 (98 %), 1 gap
(0 %)) and Exosporium stylobatum (GenBank JQ044447.1;
Identities = 875/890 (98 %), no gaps). The closest hits using the
SSU sequence are Ulospora bilgramii (GenBank DQ384071.1;
Identities = 522/526 (99 %), no gaps), Phoma herbarum (GenBank AY293777.1; Identities = 522/526 (99 %), no gaps) and
Lepidosphaeria nicotiae (GenBank NG_061050.1; Identities =
521/526 (99 %), no gaps). The closest hits using the tef1 sequence are Angustimassarina coryli (GenBank MF167433.1;
Identities = 890/938 (95 %), 3 gaps (0 %)), Cycasicola goaensis (GenBank MG829198.1; Identities = 876/935 (94 %), no
gaps), and Pteridiospora javanica (GenBank KJ739606.1;
Identities = 885/951 (93 %), no gaps). Alfoldia vorosii represents ‘Group 9’ sensu Knapp et al. (2012). No sporulation
was observed in any of the media PDA, MEA, MMN and WA
supplemented with autoclaved plant tissues sensu Knapp et
al. (2015).
Supplementary material
FP902 Maximum Likelihood (RAxML) tree of concatenated ITS, LSU,
SSU and tef1 sequences of isolates of Alfoldia vorosii and representative
taxa of related lineages. RAxML analysis was performed by raxmlGUI 1.3
(Silvestro & Michalak 2012), bootstrap support values (≥ 70 %) are shown
above branches and before slashes; Bayesian analysis was performed with
MrBayes v. 3.1.2 (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (≥ 0.90) are shown below branches and after slashes. Melanomma
pulvis-pyrius (CBS 124080) served as an outgroup. The scale bar indicates
expected changes per site per branch.
Dániel G. Knapp, Ildikó Imrefi & Gábor M. Kovács, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology,
Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Hungary;
e-mail: knappdani@gmail.com, iimrefi@gmail.com & gmkovacs@caesar.elte.hu
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
374
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi
375
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 903 – 19 July 2019
Kiskunsagia D.G. Knapp, Imrefi & Kovács, gen. nov.
Etymology. Referring to the sandy collection site within the Kiskunság
National Park.
Classification — Lophiostomataceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Kiskunsagia isolates can be collected from surface-sterilised
roots and can be cultured and maintained on general media.
Isolates of the genus Kiskunsagia are root endophytes associated with woody plant species of semiarid grasslands near
Fülöpháza, Hungary.
Type species. Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi D.G. Knapp, Imrefi & Kovács.
MycoBank MB830107.
Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi D.G. Knapp, Imrefi & Kovács, sp. nov.
Etymology. We name the species in honour of the 100th anniversary of the
birth of the outstanding Hungarian mycologist Gábor Ubrizsy (1919 –1973),
who contributed significantly to our knowledge on fungi.
Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi differs from its closest phylogenetic neighbour, Guttulispora crataegi (MFLUCC 13_0442), by unique fixed
alleles in the ITS, LSU, SSU and tef1 loci based on alignments
of the separate loci deposited in TreeBASE as study S24077:
ITS positions: 14 (A), 16 – 21 (insertion), 23 (C), 25 (G), 26 (G),
27 (G), 28 (C), 30 (T), 31 (T), 32 (A), 33 (A), 38 – 40 (deletion),
41 (C), 42 (T), 46 (C), 47 (C), 50 (G), 52–56 (insertion), 59 (C),
65 (T), 74 (G), 75 (C), 77 (T), 78 (A), 80 (deletion), 82 (G), 83
(T), 86 (C), 102 (C), 170 (G), 191 (C), 192 (A), 205 (T), 217
(C), 230 (C), 231 (C), 233 (T), 234 (T), 398 (insertion), 441
(A), 444 (G), 504 (T), 506 (T), 529 (T), 532 (T), 536 (A), 537
(A), 539 (C), 541 (T), 547 (T), 550 (G), 552 (A), 575 (A), 576
(A), 580 (T), 581 (C), 585 (G); LSU positions: 113 (C), 134 (T),
165 (G), 186 (T), 198 (C), 201 (C), 202 (T), 223 (C), 286 (C),
404 (T), 405 (A), 419 (G), 424 (C), 444 (T), 445 (A), 446 (C),
487 (A), 505 (T), 524 (T), 527 (G), 665 (C), 692 (C), 697 (G);
SSU position: 21 (deletion); tef1 positions: 108 (T), 138 (C),
159 (G), 195 (G), 200 (A), 202 (A), 204 (C), 207 (A), 243 (T),
246 (A), 264 (C), 267 (C), 309 (A), 310 (C), 311 (C), 358 (A),
359 (C), 365 (T), 366 (T), 384 (A), 396 (C), 406 (C), 408 (C),
411 (G), 432 (T), 468 (C), 483 (C), 486 (T), 517 (G), 526 (G),
531 (T), 543 (C), 558 (T), 648 (T), 651 (G), 691 (C), 693 (G),
696 (T), 702 (C), 726 (C), 738 (C), 756 (G), 768 (A), 777 (T),
837 (T), 840 (C), 918 (T), 927 (A), 957 (T).
Culture characteristics — Colonies covering the Petri dish
in 2 wk. Colony on PDA flat, spreading, with moderate aerial
mycelium and smooth, lobate margin, no exudates observed.
Colony on MEA creamy, yellow to white with an entire edge
and sparse aerial mycelium, no exudates observed. Strains
generally stain the media to pale orange. Cultures sterile.
Typus. hungAry, Fülöpháza, from roots of Fumana procumbens (Cistaceae), 2008, D.G. Knapp & G.M. Kovács (holotype BP110342, culture extype REF121 = CBS 145502, ITS, LSU, SSU and tef1 sequences GenBank
JN859341, MK589359, MK589351 and MK599325, MycoBank MB830108).
Additional materials examined. hungAry, Fülöpháza, from roots of F. procumbens, 2008, D.G. Knapp & G.M. Kovács, REF120, ITS, LSU, SSU and
tef1 sequences GenBank JN859340, MK589358, MK589350 and MK599324;
ibid., REF 122, ITS, LSU, SSU and tef1 sequences GenBank JN859342,
MK589360, MK589352 and MK599326; from roots of Helianthemum ovatum
(Cistaceae), 2008, D.G. Knapp & G.M. Kovács, REF118, ITS, LSU, SSU and
tef1 sequences GenBank JN859338, MK589356, MK589348 and MK599322;
ibid., REF119, ITS, LSU, SSU and tef1 sequences GenBank JN859339,
MK589357, MK589349 and MK599323.
Notes — Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide database, the closest hits of Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi
(CBS 145502) using the ITS sequence are Guttulispora crataegi (GenBank NR_154070.1; Identities = 437/469 (93 %),
6 gaps (1 %)), Platystomum rosae (GenBank KY264742.1;
Identities = 443/480 (92 %), 11 gaps (2 %)) and Neopaucispora
rosaecae (GenBank MG828924.1; Identities = 438/474 (92 %),
7 gaps (1 %)). The closest hits using the LSU sequence are Trematosphaeria terricola (GenBank JX985750.1; Identities =
884/905 (98 %), no gaps), Lophiostoma compressum (GenBank KP888643.1; Identities = 885/907 (98 %), no gaps)
and Lophiostoma quadrinucleatum (GenBank GU385184.1;
Identities = 877/896 (98 %), no gaps). The closest hits using
the SSU sequence are Massariosphaeria grandispora (GenBank EF165038.1; Identities = 512/514 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)),
Trematosphaeria biappendiculata (GenBank GU205254.1;
Identities = 511/513 (99 %), 1 gap (0 %)) and Ulospora bilgramii (GenBank DQ384071.1; Identities = 520/527 (99 %),
1 gap (0 %)). The closest hits using the tef1 sequence are
Platystomum scabridisporum (GenBank GU479856.1; Identities = 886/921 (96 %), no gaps), Coelodictyosporium rosarum
(GenBank MG829195.1; Identities = 885/937 (94 %), no gaps)
and Lophiostoma compressum (GenBank KR075165.1; Identities = 874/921 (95 %), no gaps).
Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi represents ‘Group 10’ sensu Knapp et al.
(2012). No sporulation of the strains was observed in any of the
media PDA, MEA, MMN and WA supplemented with autoclaved
plant tissues sensu (Knapp et al. 2015).
Supplementary material
Colour illustrations. Semiarid sandy grassland in the Kiskunság National
Park with flowering needle sunroses. The host (Fumana procumbens) of Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi; colony on PDA; pigmented hyphae of the strain REF121.
Scale bar = 10 μm.
FP903 Maximum Likelihood (RAxML) tree of concatenated ITS, LSU, SSU
and tef1 sequences of isolates of Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi and representative
taxa of related lineages. RAxML analysis was performed by raxmlGUI 1.3
(Silvestro & Michalak 2012), bootstrap support values (≥ 70 %) are shown
above branches and before slashes; Bayesian analysis was performed with
MrBayes v. 3.1.2 (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck 2003) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (≥ 0.90) are shown below branches and after slashes. Melanomma
pulvis-pyrius (CBS 124080) served as an outgroup. The scale bar indicates
expected changes per site per branch.
Dániel G. Knapp, Ildikó Imrefi & Gábor M. Kovács, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology,
Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Hungary;
e-mail: knappdani@gmail.com, iimrefi@gmail.com & gmkovacs@caesar.elte.hu
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
376
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Apenidiella foetida
377
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 904 – 19 July 2019
Apenidiella foetida Iturrieta-González, Gené, Dania García, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the unpleasant odour produced in older
cultures.
Typus. SpAin, Catalonia, Baix Camp, Arbolí River, on submerged plant
debris, Feb. 2018, I. Iturrieta-González, E. Carvalho & J. Gené (holotype
CBS H-23919, culture ex-type CBS 145590 = FMR 17266; ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank LR536044 and LR536045, MycoBank MB830227).
Classification — Teratosphaeriaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes.
Notes — Apenidiella is a monotypic genus recently introduced in the family Teratosphaeriaceae to accommodate
A. strumelloidea (previously Cladosporium strumelloideum),
a fungus isolated from a leaf of Carex sp. collected in stagnant water from the Sutka River in Russia (Crous et al. 2007,
Quaedvlieg et al. 2014). Interestingly, the novel species was
recovered from a similar habitat than the type species of the
genus. Apenidiella strumelloidea differs from A. foetida in having
shorter conidiophores (up to 80 µm long) and conidiogenous
cells (8–12 µm) and its conidia frequently show one side flat and
the other convex, even slightly curved conidia are also present
(Crous et al. 2007). In addition, in A. strumelloidea macro- and
microconidiophores were described, while in our species only
macroconidiophores were observed.
Mycelium consisting of branched, septate, subhyaline to pale
olivaceous, smooth-walled, 1– 2 µm diam hyphae. Conidiophores mononematous, macronematous, unbranched, erect,
subcylindrical, up to 6-septate, pale olivaceous, smooth-walled,
up to 130 µm long, 3–5 µm wide. Conidiogenous cells terminal,
integrated, mono- or polyblastic, with up to 5 conidiogenous
loci thickened and darkened, commonly giving rise to a set
of ramoconidia at the same level, ramoconidia at different
levels also present, pale olivaceous, smooth-walled, 18 – 27 ×
3 – 4 µm. Ramoconidia aseptate, with up to 2 – 3(– 4) terminal
conidiogenous loci thickened and darkened, pale olivaceous,
smooth-walled, some slightly verruculose, 12 – 21 × 4 – 5 µm,
forming conidia in acropetal chains. Conidia aseptate, fusiform,
limoniform or lanceolate, pale olivaceous, smooth-walled,
some slightly verruculose, 7– 21 × 3 – 5 µm. Sexual morph not
observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA reaching 28–33
mm diam after 30 d at 25 °C, olive brown (4F3) (Kornerup
& Wanscher 1978), velvety, radially folded, aerial mycelium
scarce, regular margin; reverse dark green (30F8) to black.
On PCA reaching 27 mm after 30 d at 25 °C, olive (3F3/3E3),
slightly granular, flat, aerial mycelium scarce, regular margin;
reverse yellowish brown to greyish brown (5F8/5E3). On OA
reaching 20 – 23 mm diam after 30 d at 25 °C, olive (3F3),
slightly granular, flat, aerial mycelium scarce; reverse yellowish
brown (5F8/5F4). An unpleasant smell was appreciated in old
cultures of PCA and OA.
Cardinal temperature for growth — Optimum 25 °C, maximum 28 °C, minimum 5 °C.
Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide
database, the LSU sequence of A. foetida showed a similarity of 98.82 % (839 /849) with that of A. strumelloidea (CBS
114484, GenBank KF937229), while the similarity between ITS
sequences (GenBank LR536044 vs GenBank EU019277) was
93.67 % (459/490).
94 KF901963 Devriesia staurophora CBS 375.81
KF937223 Devriesia staurophora CBS 117873
86
95
100
EU040226 Devriesia acadiensis CBS 115874
EU040228 Devriesia shelburniensis CBS 115876
Devriesia
EU040229 Devriesia thermodurans CBS 115878 T
100
100 KF937224 Devriesia thermodurans CBS 115879
KF937229 Apenidiella strumelloidea CBS 114484 T
99
LR536045 Apenidiella foetida sp. nov. FMR 17266 T
Apenidiella
KF901821 Scorias spongiosa CBS 325.33
KF902173 Capnodium coffeae CBS 147.52
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the analysis of LSU sequences of
Apenidiella and related genera of the family Teratosphaeriaceae. Bootstrap
support values above 70 % are indicated on the nodes. The alignment
included 751 bp and was performed with ClustalW. Kimura 2 parameters
with Gamma distribution (K2+G) was used as the best nucleotide substitution model. Both the alignment and tree were constructed with MEGA v. 6
software (Tamura et al. 2013). The new species proposed in this study is
indicated in bold. A superscript T denotes ex-type cultures.
0.01
Colour illustrations. Arbolí, Catalonia, Spain. Colony sporulating on PCA
after 30 d at 25 °C, and conidiophores and conidia after 14 d at 25 °C. Scale
bars = 10 µm.
Isabel Iturrieta-González, Josepa Gené & Dania García, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV,
Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain;
e-mail: isabeliturrieta@gmail.com, josepa.gene@urv.cat & dania.garcias@urv.cat
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
378
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Aspergillus bezerrae
Fungal Planet description sheets
379
Fungal Planet 905 – 19 July 2019
Aspergillus bezerrae J.P. Andrade, C.N. Figueiredo, H.G. de Souza, J.T. De Souza &
P.A.S Marbach, sp. nov.
Etymology. bezerrae, in honour of Dr José Luiz Bezerra, a Brazilian
mycologist who has significantly contributed to our knowledge of Brazilian
fungal biodiversity and the training of young mycologists in general.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Conidial heads columnar. Stipes frequently sinuous or curved,
smooth, frequently septate, (4–)13–718(–963) × 2–3(–4) μm,
sometimes with subterminal branches, mycelial coils occur
frequently and nodding heads occasionally present. Conidial
heads uniseriate, vesicles pyriform to subglobose, pigmented,
6 –16 × 4 –16 μm (av. 12 ± 2 × 9 ± 3), phialides ampulliform,
covering half to upper half of vesicle. Conidia globose to subglobose, delicately rough, 2 – 3 × 2 – 3 μm (av. 2 ± 0.12 × 2 ±
0.17), light green in mass, average width/length = 1 ± 0.01,
n = 81. Sexual morph was observed in compatible combinations of isolates. Heterothallic; ascomata visible after 4 wk of
incubation on OA at 25 and 30 and absent at 37 °C, mature
ascospores present in 5 wk. Cleistothecia white to pale, globose
or subglobose (80–)150–890 μm diam, covered by a dense felt
of white hyphae; asci 8-spored, globose to subglobose, 9–12.5
× 7.5 –12.5 μm; ascospores lenticular, with equatorial crests,
spore bodies 2 – 5 × 3– 5 μm.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on Czapek Yeast Autolysate agar (CYA) 40–43 mm diam at 25 °C after 7 d, floccose,
radially and concentrically wrinkled, mycelium white (ISCC-NBS
No. 263; Kelly 1964), sporulation light yellow (No. 86), pale
yellow (No. 89), no exudate, soluble pigment brilliant yellow
(No. 83), reverse pale greenish yellow (No. 104), pale yellow
(No. 89). After 14 d, sporulation pale yellow green (No. 121),
brilliant greenish yellow (No. 98), yellow exudate, soluble pigment light yellow (No. 86), reverse light yellow (No. 86) and
moderate yellow (No. 87). Colonies at 37 °C 29–34 mm, lanose
to floccose, radially and concentrically wrinkled, sporulation
pale yellow (No. 89), reverse pale yellow (No. 89). Colonies
on Blakeslee’s Malt extract agar (MEAbl) 35 – 41 mm, floccose, slightly radially and concentrically wrinkled; mycelium
white (No. 263); sporulation pale greenish yellow (No. 104),
pale yellow (No. 89), light yellow (No. 86), no exudate, soluble
pigment brilliant yellow (No. 83) sometimes present; reverse
yellowish white (No. 92), pale yellow (No. 89), moderate yellow
(No. 87), light yellow (No. 86). After 14 d, slightly radially wrinkled, sporulation moderate yellow green (No. 120); reverse pale
yellow (No. 89), moderate yellow (No. 87). Colonies on Yeast
extract sucrose agar (YES) 36–44 mm, floccose, concentrically
and irregularly wrinkled, mycelium white (No. 263), sporulation light greenish yellow (No. 101), yellowish white (No. 92),
no exudate, no soluble pigment, reverse light greenish yellow
(No. 101), brilliant yellow (No. 83). Colonies on Czapek’s agar
(CZ) 36 – 41 mm, floccose, sometime with areas submerged,
plane, white mycelium (No. 263), very pale green (No. 148),
Colour illustrations. Guaibim environmental protection area located in
Bahia, Brazil. 7-d-old colonies growing at 25 °C (top row left to right, obverse
CYA, MEAbl, YES and CREA; bottom row left to right, reverse CYA, MEAbl,
YES and obverse fertile cleistothecia (crossing between the isolates 9EM2T
and 63EM7)); cleistothecia; asci; ascospores; conidiophores; conidiophores;
conidia; coiling of mycelia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
sporulation absent, no exudate, no soluble pigment, reverse
white (No. 263), very pale green (No. 148). Colonies on Creatine
sucrose agar (CREA) 35 – 41 mm, moderate mycelial growth,
no acid production. Isolates did not grow in MEAbl at 47 °C,
only some isolates were able to grow restrictedly (up to 7) at
45 °C and all grew at 42 °C 7– 24 mm.
Typus. BrAZil, Bahia, in soil from the Guaibim sandbank, S13°18' W38°57',
20 Nov. 2011, P.A.S. Marbach (holotype HURB 22323 - dried culture on
MEAbl, culture ex-type CCDCA 11511 = 9EM2, BenA and CaM sequences
GenBank MK597913 and MK597915, MycoBank MB830186).
Additional materials examined. BrAZil, Bahia, in soil from the Guaibim
sandbank, CCDCA 11513 = 4M5, 5 Oct. 2011, P.A.S. Marbach, LSU, BenA
and CaM sequences GenBank MK595451, MK597912 and MK597914; ibid.,
10 Dec. 2011, P.A.S. Marbach, cultures 63EM7, 9EM7, 22EM3 and 33EM6.
A dried paired culture of isolates CCDCA 11511T (= 9EM2) × 63EM7 containing the sexual fruiting bodies was deposited as HURB 22371.
Notes — Phylogenetically and morphologically A. bezerrae
resembles A. wyomingensis (Nováková et al. 2014, Samson et
al. 2014) included in the section Fumigati. The characteristics distinguishing A. bezerrae from A. wyomingensis are: 1) A. bezerrae grows slower than A. wyomingensis on all media and temperatures tested; 2) A. bezerrae may produce a brilliant yellow
soluble pigment in CYA and no acid in CREA; 3) A. bezerrae
has longer stipes, produces mycelial coils, ascomata are absent
at 37 °C, the cleistothecia are larger and the ascospores have
equatorial crests. All macroscopic and microscopic measurements were done twice, independently, for isolates CCDCA
11511 and CCDCA 11513.
Maximum likelihood tree obtained by phylogenetic analysis of the combined
BenA and CaM sequences from Aspergillus bezerrae and phylogenetically
related species in section Fumigati performed in MEGA v. 6.06 software
employing K2+G model with 1 000 bootstrap re-samplings. Bootstrap support values (BS > 80 %) are presented at the nodes. Aspergillus tsurutae
CBMFA 0933 T was used as outgroup. The new species is presented in bold
( T = ex-type).
Jackeline Pereira Andrade, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil, e-mail: jacklineandrade@hotmail.com
Jorge Teodoro De Souza, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, e-mail: jorge.souza@ufla.br
Cristiane Nascimento Figueiredo, Harisson Guimarães de Souza & Phellippe Arthur Santos Marbach, Recôncavo da Bahia Federal University,
Bahia, Brazil; e-mail: cristianefigueiredoo@gmail.com, harisson.hgs@gmail.com & phmarbach@ufrb.edu.br
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
380
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Astraeus macedonicus
381
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 906 – 19 July 2019
Astraeus macedonicus Rusevska, Karadelev, Telleria & M.P. Martín, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the country where this species was collected,
the Republic of Macedonia.
Classification — Diplocystaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata from closed specimens 17 × 22 mm, not fully opened 25 × 30 mm, and almost opened 27 × 37 mm; regularly globose to slightly subglobose, epigeous, sessile. Outer peridium
splitting to star shaped when mature into (6 –)8–10 rough rays,
expanding to 14 – 33 mm in length, 10 –11 mm in width (at the
middle, at the longest part), hygroscopic. Endoperidium sessile,
subglobose to globose, papery-thin sack, 18–23 mm diam, pale
cream to very light grey coloured, the surface papery-fibrillose;
opening as an irregular slit. Gleba pale brownish to dark
brownish, without columella. Capillitium hyaline, thick-walled,
branched and interwoven, 4.2–10 µm diam, with capitates ends
up to 12 µm diam, with rare septa, some of them with a clamp
connection-like structure. Basidiospores globose, 7.3–10.1 µm
diam, with dense, rounded, narrow, tapered, separate tubercles
(up to 1 µm) which coalesce in groups.
Typus. MAcedoniA, Bistra, Lazaropole village, footpath to St. Gjorgija
church, 1300 m asl, 8 Aug. 2005, K. Rusevska (holotype 05MCF5221, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MK491320 and MK496886, MycoBank
MB829660).
Additional materials examined. MAcedoniA, Bilina Planina, Zhidilovo vill.,
deciduous forest (Quercus sp., Fagus, Betula pendula), 19 May 2011, K. Rusevska, 11MCF12901, ITS sequence GenBank MK491321; Kozhuf, r. Stara
Reka (vicinity), riparian vegetation, 18 July 2005, K. Rusevska, 05MCF5136,
ITS sequence GenBank MK491319; Osogovski Planini, Stanci vill., deciduous
forest (Carpinus, Betula, Fagus), 900–970 m asl, 13 May 2007, K. Rusevska,
07MCF6706, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK491317 and MK496884;
ibid., Ponikva, Fagus forest, 1500 –1600 m asl, 11 July 2007, K. Rusevska,
07MCF8434, ITS sequence GenBank MK491322; ibid., Sasa, Quercus
frainetto forest, 685 m asl, 9 Apr. 2008, K. Rusevska, 08MCF10410, ITS and
LSU sequences GenBank MK49318 and MK496885; Plachkovica, above Laki
vill., Selska Reka, Fagus forest with Pinus nigra, 21 Oct. 2014, K. Rusevska,
14MCF11641, ITS sequence GenBank MK491323. – SerBiA, Vuchje (vicinity),
edge of deciduous forest, 12 Sept. 2009, K. Rusevska, 09MCF11183, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MK491316 and MK496886.
04MCF4362 [MK491292]; 04MCF6532 [MK491288]; 05MCF911 [MK491310];
05MCF4908 [MK491293]; 05MCF5329 [MK491284]; 05MCF5422 [MK491283];
05MCF7977 [MK491275]; 06MCF1244 [MK491305]; 06MCF8811 [MK491309];
07MCF6640 [MK491287]; 07MCF6887 [MK491281]; 07MCF6896 [MK491306];
07MCF8028 [MK491282]; 07MCF8228 [MK491279]; 07MCF8549 [MK491290];
08MCF9078, [MK491277]; 08MCF10109 [MK491285]; 08MCF10272
[MK491286]; 08MCF10282 [MK491299]; 09MCF9816 [MK491298];
09MCF11502 [MK491313]; 09MCF11527 [MK491315]; 09MCF13788
[MK491302]; 10MCF12021 [MK491289]; 10MCF12678 [MK491308];
11MCF9817 [MK491291]; 11MCF12654 [MK491276 and MK491278];
12MCF14080 [MK491311]; 12MCF13532 [MK491312]; 13MCF14623
[MK491301].
Notes — Astraeus macedonicus is known from deciduous
forests in four Macedonian localities (the mountains located
in the west, north, south and east part of the country). Morphologically, this species is very similar to A. hygrometricus,
A. pteridis and A. telleriae, not only in its habitat but also in its
microscopic characters, such as capillitium and spores; therefore all records (collected up to 2007) were previously published
as A. hygrometricus (Karadelev et al. 2008). However, the
Bayesian analyses, based on 53 collections from Macedonia,
and a number of published sequences mainly from Phosri et al.
(2007, 2013, 2014), Fangfuk et al. (2010) and Ryoo et al. (2017),
clearly grouped eight Macedonian collections as a sister clade
of Astraeus ryoocheoninii, a species described from Japan
and Korea, and separated A. hygrometricus, A. pteridis and
A. telleriae.
4
Astraeus sp. (Group 1, Fangfuk et al. 2010)
6
A. smithii
43 A. telleriae
A. koreanus
8
A. ryoocheoninii
(Group 2, Fangfuk et al. 2010)
09MCF11185
07MCF6706
Additional materials examined of other Astraeus species from Macedonia. Herbarium number is indicated, as well as the ITS sequence GenBank
between brackets: Astraeus hygrometricus. 05MCF5511 [MK491324].
— Astraeus pteridis. 06MCF5817 [MK491326]; 07MCF8009 [MK491327];
09MCF10671 [MK491325]. — Astraeus telleriae. 83MCF7728 [MK491314];
83MCF7729 [MK491297]; 83MCF7730 [MK491294]; 83MCF7731 [MK491307];
87MCF9566 [MK491300 and MK491304]; 88MCF9574 [MK491295];
98MCF6531 [MK491280]; 01MCF3439 [MK491303]; 03MCF2896 [MK491296];
08MCF10410
05MCF5136
A. macedonicus sp. nov.
05MCF5221
11MCF12901
07MCF8434
14MCF11641
3
8
A. hygrometricus
9
A. pteridis
3 A. morganii
13
A. asiaticus
A. odoratus
4
A. sirindhorniae
Pisolithus arhizus
Scleroderma verrucosum
0.2
Colour illustrations. Macedonia, Bistra mountain, beech forest, 1300 m
asl, where the holotype species was collected (05MCF5221). Basidiomata;
basidiospores and capillitium under LM; basidiospores under SEM. Scale
bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (basidiospores and capillitium) and 5 µm
(basidiospores).
The 50 % majority rule Bayesian tree inferred from ITS nrDNA sequences with
the GTR+I+G model and using MrBayes v. 3.1.2 (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck
2003) for 2 M generations. Posterior probabilities values > 0.90 are marked
as thick branches. In every collapsed clade, the number of sequences is
indicated in or close to the triangle. Astraeus macedonicus holotype in
bold. Pisolithus arhizus (GenBank AJ629887) and Scleroderma verrucosum
(GenBank AJ629886) were included as outgroup.
Katerina Rusevska & Miko Karadelev, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics,
Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia; e-mail: krusevska@pmf.ukim.mk & mitkok@pmf.ukim.mk
M. Teresa Telleria & María P. Martín, Departamento de Micología, Real Jardín Botánico, RJB-CSIC,
Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: telleria@rjb.csic.es & maripaz@rjb.csic.es
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
382
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Aureobasidium tremulum
383
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 907 – 19 July 2019
Aureobasidium tremulum Inamdar, Roh. Sharma & Adhapure, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the shaking and trembling behaviour of the
yeast when observed under a light microscope (Latin tremulum= shaking,
trembling).
Classification — Aureobasidiaceae, Dothideales, Dothideomycetes.
Initial growth as creamy white colonies on potato dextrose
agar, later turning brown to dark brown. Colonies appear to be
rough and dry. Each colony is round with a convex elevation
from a cross-sectional viewpoint and the edges appear to be
undulated. Growth is optimal on Saboraud dextrose agar (SDA).
Colonies on nutrient agar did not become dark brown. Cells
are generally oblong-shaped with very few cells assuming an
irregular shape. Budding occurs frequently. The average size
of mature, non-budding cells is 2.8 × 6.4 µm. Sexual reproduction was not observed. Pseudohyphal formation not observed.
Optimal growth occurred at 20 – 25 °C, with some growth at
5 –15 °C. The following carbon compounds are assimilated:
D-glucose, L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-maltose, D-saccharose,
D-Trehalose, D-melezitose, D-raffinose. No growth observed
with glycerol, calcium-2-keto-gluconate, L- lactose while weak
assimilation was observed for adonitol, xylitol, D-galactose,
methyl-alpha- D-glucopyranoside and D-cellobiose.
Habitat — Aureobasidium tremulum was isolated as a culture
contaminant in the laboratory of Department of Biotechnology
and Microbiology of Vivekanand Arts, Sardar Dalipsingh Commerce and Science College, Aurangabad.
Distribution — India (Aurangabad, Maharashtra).
Notes — An initial BLASTn similarity search using the LSU
region sequence in the NCBI type sequences nucleotide database showed the highest similarity to A. lini CBS 125.21 (GenBank MH866211; 98 % identity, 99 % query cover) followed by
A. melanogenum strain CBS 105.22 (GenBank MH866219;
98 % identity; query coverage 97 %). The BLASTn similarity
search in the NCBI type sequences database using the ITS
sequence showed the highest similarity to Kabatiella bupleuri
CBS 131304 (GenBank NR_121524; 95 % identity, 100 %
query coverage) followed by Aureobasidium iranianum CCTU
268 (GenBank KM093738; 95 % identity, 99 % query coverage)
and A. melanogenum CBS 105.22 (GenBank NR_159598,
95 % identity, 99 % query coverage). The neighbour-joining
(NJ) phylogenetic analyses of ITS and LSU rRNA gene regions
were done using sequences of other species of Aureobasidium.
The phylogenetic tree topology clearly shows that the present
strain UN-1 is novel and does not cluster with any known species of the genus. The phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS
alignment shows that it forms a sister branch to A. thailandense
NRRL 58543 (GenBank JX462675) and A. mangrovei IBRCM-30266 (GenBank KY089087). In the phylogenetic analysis
based on the LSU alignment, it does not group with known
species but was placed at equal evolutionary distance with
A. caulivorum CBS 242.64 (GenBank FJ150944).
LSU region phylogenetic tree
Aureobasidium proteae CBS 114273 (KT693731)
Aureobasidium pullulans CBS 100280 (FJ150910)
72
Typus. indiA, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, laboratory contaminant, July
2016, A. Inamdar (holotype MCC 1683 preserved as metabolically inactive strain, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK503657 and MK503660,
MycoBank MB829941).
Kabatiella microsticta CBS 342.66 (KT693743)
Aureobasidium proteae CBS 114273 (KT693731)
Aureobasidium proteae CBS 111973 (KT693732)
Aureobasidium pullulans CBS 100280 (FJ150910)
Aureobasidium pullulans CBS 146.30 (FJ150902)
Kabatiella microsticta CBS 342.66 (KT693743)
Aureobasidium pullulans CBS 584.75 (FJ150906)
96
Aureobasidium proteae CBS 111973 (KT693732)
72
Aureobasidium pullulans CBS 146.30 (FJ150902)
Aureobasidium pullulans EXF-915 (FJ150911)
Aureobasidium pullulans CBS 100524 (FJ150905)
58
Aureobasidium pullulans CBS 584.75 (FJ150906)
96
Kabatiella lini CBS 125.21 (FJ150897)
Aureobasidium pullulans EXF-915 (FJ150911)
Aureobasidium pullulans CBS 100524 (FJ150905)
58
Aureobasidium namibiae CBS 147.97 (FJ150875)
Kabatiella lini CBS 125.21 (FJ150897)
Aureobasidium melanogenum CBS 621.80 (FJ150885)
71
90
Aureobasidium namibiae CBS 147.97 (FJ150875)
Aureobasidium melanogenumdH 12640 (FJ150889)
Aureobasidium melanogenum CBS 621.80 (FJ150885)
Aureobasidium melanogenum CBS 105.22 (FJ150886)
97
71
Aureobasidium melanogenum EXF-924 (FJ150883)
Aureobasidium leucospermi CBS 130593 (KT693727)
90
Aureobasidium melanogenumdH 12640 (FJ150889)
Aureobasidium melanogenum CBS 105.22 (FJ150886)
97
Aureobasidium subglaciale EXF-3640 (FJ150896)
96
Aureobasidium subglaciale EXF-3640 (FJ150896)
Aureobasidium subglaciale EXF-2481 (FJ150895)
96
100
Aureobasidium sp. SN-2014 (KF758573)
Aureobasidium iranianum CCTU 268 (KM093738)
Aureobasidium sp. SN-2014 (KF758573)
Aureobasidium microstictum CBS 114.64 (FJ150873)
Aureobasidium microstictum CBS 114.64 (FJ150873)
Aureobasidium caulivorum CBS 242.64 (KT693740)
54
Aureobasidium tremulum MCC 1683 (MK503660)
100
Aureobasidium caulivorum CBS 242.64 (KT693740)
Aureobasidium tremulum MCC 1683 (MK503660)
Aureobasidium thailandense NRRL 58543 (JX462675)
100
Aureobasidium thailandense NRRL 58539 (JX462674)
80
Aureobasidium thailandense NRRL 58543 (JX462675)
Aureobasidium thailandense NRRL 58539 (JX462674)
Aureobasidium mangrovei IBRC-M-30266 (KY089087)
100
Aureobasidium subglaciale EXF-2481 (FJ150895)
Selenophoma mahoniae CBS 388.92 (FJ150872)
Aureobasidium iranianum CCTU 268 (KM093738)
54
Aureobasidium subglacialedH 13876 (FJ150892)
95
Selenophoma mahoniae CBS 388.92 (FJ150872)
100
Aureobasidium melanogenum EXF-924 (FJ150883)
Aureobasidium leucospermi CBS 130593 (KT693727)
Aureobasidium subglacialedH 13876 (FJ150892)
95
LSU region phylogenetic tree
Aureobasidium mangrovei IBRC-M-30266 (KY089087)
Aureobasidium mangrovei IBRC-M-30265 T (KY089085)
100
80
Kabatiella sp. SQU-MA24 (KU945924)
Aureobasidium mangrovei IBRC-M-30265 T (KY089085)
Kabatiella sp. SQU-MA24 (KU945924)
Sydowia polyspora CBS544.95 (AY152548)
Sydowia polyspora CBS544.95 (AY152548)
0.02
0.02
Neighbour-joining tree based on the D1/D2 LSU rDNA region showing
the position of Aureobasidium tremulum sp. nov. among related species
within genus Aureobasidium. Bootstrap values of above 50 % are given at
nodes based on 1 000 replications. The scale bar represents 2 % sequence
difference.
Neighbour-joining tree based on the ITS region showing the position of
Aureobasidium tremulum sp. nov. among related species within genus
Aureobasidium. Bootstrap values of above 50 % are given at nodes based
on 1 000 replications. The scale bar represents 1 % sequence difference.
Colour illustrations. India, Maharashtra, Aurangabad, Vivekanand Arts,
Sardar Dalipsingh Commerce and Science College, Aurangabad. Growth of
A. tremulum on potato dextrose agar; light microscopic (LM) view of A. tremulum; Cryo Scanning Electron Microscopic (CSEM) image of A. tremulum.
Scale bars = 5 μm (LM image), 1 μm (CSEM image).
Areeb Inamdar & Nitin N. Adhapure, Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Vivekanand Arts,
Sardar Dalipsingh Commerce and Science College, Aurangabad 431001, Maharashtra, India;
e-mail: areebinamdar@gmail.com & adhapurenn@gmail.com
Rohit Sharma & Mahesh S. Sonawane, National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR),
National Centre for Cell Science, S.P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, Maharashtra, India;
e-mail: rohit@nccs.res.in & mahesh10mcc@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
384
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Backusella azygospora
385
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 908 – 19 July 2019
Backusella azygospora T.R.L. Cordeiro, Hyang B. Lee & A.L. Santiago, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the production of azygospores.
Classification — Backusellaceae, Mucorales, Mucoromycotina, Mucoromycota.
Mycelium hyaline. Rhizoids present, well branched, balled and
matted. Sporangiophores arising directly from the substrate,
curved when young and becoming erect in maturity, with
smooth or slightly encrusted walls, up to 12 μm diam, constrictions below the sporangia; majority with simple or sympodial branches with long and short asymmetrical ramifications.
Shorter branches may be circinate, usually supporting pedicels
from which sporangiola originate. A septum observed near the
point of azygosporangial formation or below the sporangia,
and not always present. Sporangia yellowish, becoming light
brown, globular or slightly flattened with short, hyaline and
vitreous spines, and a deliquescent wall up to 70 μm diam.
Columellae of sporangiophores hyaline, smooth or slightly
encrusted, majority ellipsoid, cylindrical, ellipsoid to slightly
piriform (18 –)22 – 35(– 42) × (19 –) 22 – 30(– 35) μm, globose
and subglobose, (14 –) 20 – 40(– 50) μm diam. Collar evident
with no needle-like spines. Sporangiola present, easily found
after fifth day of inoculation, abundant when multispored and
rarely unispored, both with persistent, spinulose and vitreous
walls, up to 40 μm diam. Columellae of sporangiola hyaline,
smooth-walled, globose, subglobose up to 15 μm diam and
subglobose to conical (7–)12 × 14(– 20) μm. Sporangiospores
globose and subglobose (4.5 –) 9 – 22(– 30) μm diam, some
irregular (14.5 –)33 × 12(–18) μm, smooth-walled, hyaline.
Azygosporangia up to 110 μm diam, initially hyaline or yellow,
becoming dark brown to black, globose, some flattened, wall
with conical projections. Azygospores up to 50 μm diam, globose, smooth-walled. Suspensor cells up to 55 × 48 μm, heavily
encrusted walls. Zygosporangia not observed.
Culture characteristics and temperature tests — Colony
light grey, powdery in aspect (MP5 A7), exhibiting rapid growth
(9 cm diam and 0.5 cm height) after 5 d in MEA, at 25 °C. Reverse yellow to cloudy amber (MP12 K3) on MEA (Maerz & Paul
1950). Azygosporangia visible to the naked eye. At 10 °C – lack
of growth and sporulation. At 15 °C – slow growth (9 cm diam in
360 h); poor sporulation. At 20 °C – good growth (9 cm diam in
240 h); good sporulation. At 25 °C – better growth (9 cm diam
in 96 h); excellent sporulation. At 30 °C – slow growth (9 cm
diam in 360 h); poor sporulation. At 35 °C – lack of growth and
sporulation. Backusella azygospora exhibited better growth
and sporulation in MEA than in PDA at all tested temperatures.
Typus. BrAZil, Saloá municipality, Pernambuco State, S09°00.418'
W036°46.898', isolated from soil samples, 22 Nov. 2018, T.R.L. Cordeiro
(holotype URM 92986, culture ex-type URM 8065, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MK625216 and MK625222, MycoBank MB830270).
Colour illustrations. Fragment of an Upland Atlantic Forest within the
semi-arid region in the municipal region of Saloá, in the state of Pernambuco,
in north-eastern Brazil. Colony surface on MEA; simple sporangiophore with
sporangium; simple sporangiophore with columellae; simple sporangiophore
with sporangiola; branched sporangiophore with columella and sporangiolum;
azygosporangia; sporangiospores. Scale bars = 25 μm.
Notes — Backusella azygospora differs from other species
of the genus based on its morphological characters and the
phylogenetic relationships established based on the ITS and
LSU rDNA regions. Morphologically, B. azygospora is the only
species of Backusella that produces azygosporangia and
azygospores. In the ITS rDNA phylogenetic tree B. azygospora
was nested near the B. lamprospora clade, and data provided
by BLASTn revealed 84 % and 95 % (ITS and LSU rDNA,
respectively) of similarity between both species. However,
B. lamprospora is characterised by producing globular or ovoid
hemispherical columellae, differing from those found in B. azygospora, which may be cylindrical, ellipsoid, ellipsoid to slightly
pyriform, globose and subglobose to conical. Additionally, sporangiospores of B. azygospora are globose and subglobose,
some irregular in size and shape, and larger than the subglobose sporangiospores of B. lamprospora (6.8 –)8 –13(–14.5) ×
(6.4 –)7.6 –13(–14) μm (Benny & Benjamin 1975).
hizopus microsporus CBS 112285
100
1.00
96
1.00
83
100
100
1.00
ackusella locustae CNUFC-SFB4
ackusella locustae CNUFC-SFB2
ac usella az gospora URM 80
ackusella lamprospora CBS 118.08
ackusella circina CBS 129.70
ackusella circina CBS 382.95
ackusella circina CBS 323.69
ackusella gigacellularis CC B 3866
ackusella tuberculispora CBS 570.70
99
1.00
98
1.00
81
0.90
0.94
ackusella tuberculispora CBS 562.66
ackusella recurva CBS 196.71
ackusella recurva CBS 318.52
ackusella recurva CBS 317.52
ackusella indica CBS 786.70
ackusella variabilis CBS 564.66
ackusella variabilis CBS 564.66
99
1.00
ackusella constricta URM 7323
100
1.00
0.1
ackusella constricta URM 7323
ackusella constricta URM 7323
Phylogenetic tree of Backusella conducted using the ITS rDNA sequences.
Rhizopus microsporus CBS 112285 was used as outgroup. Sequences are
labelled with their database accession numbers. Support values are from
maximum likelihood analyses and Bayesian inference (values above and
below the branches, respectively). Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses were performed with MrBayes (Ronquist & Huelsenbeck
2003) and PhyML (Guindon & Gascuel 2003), respectively, launched from
TOPALi (Milne et al. 2004). The new species is in bold. Bootstrap support
values above 80 % are indicated.
Thalline R.L. Cordeiro, Diogo X. Lima & André Luiz C.M.A. Santiago, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,
Recife, Brazil; e-mail: thalline.leite30@gmail.com, diogo_xavier00@hotmail.com & andrelcabral@msn.com
Hyang B. Lee, Environmental Microbiology Lab, Division of Food Technology, Biotechnology & Agrochemistry,
College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Korea; e-mail: hblee@jnu.ac.kr
Rafael J.V. de Oliveira, Comissão Executiva do Plano da Lavoura Cacaueira (CEPLAC)/CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil; e-mail: rafaelvilela87@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
386
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Boletus pseudopinophilus
387
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 909 – 19 July 2019
Boletus pseudopinophilus A.R. Bessette, Bessette, J. Craine & J.L. Frank, sp. nov.
Etymology. A combination of the Latin pseudo = ‘not true, but similar to’
and pinophilus = ‘pine-loving’ referring to the close affinity to the pine-loving
European species, Boletus pinophilus.
Classification — Boletaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetes.
Medium-sized to large basidiocarps with pinkish brown to redbrown caps, white tubes stuffed with hyphae when young becoming yellow to olive-yellow in age, whitish reticulated stipe
darkening to light brown as it ages, and white unchanging flesh.
Pileus 5 –16 cm wide, rounded to convex at first, becoming
broadly convex to nearly plane in age, margin incurved at first,
with a narrow band of sterile tissue, becoming even or undulating at maturity; surface slightly viscid when fresh, becoming dry,
subtomentose, smooth, pinkish brown to greyish brown when
young, becoming reddish brown and finally dull reddish brown to
yellowish brown in age. Context thick, firm white, pinkish brown
under the pileipellis, unchanging when exposed; odour and
taste not distinctive. Hymenophore whitish at first, becoming
yellow to olive-yellow, finally brownish yellow, unchanging when
bruised. Pores stuffed with white hyphae when young, angular,
2 – 3 per mm; tubes 8 – 20 mm long, depressed around the
stalk in age. Stipe 6 –12 cm long, 1.5 – 4 cm thick, club-shaped,
enlarged downward, typically with a pinched base, and white
basal mycelium. Surface whitish to pale brown at first, darkening
in age, dry, conspicuously reticulate overall, reticulum delicate,
whitish at the apex and over the upper one third or more,
darkening downward toward the base in age or when bruised;
negative with the application of NH4OH. Context firm, solid,
white, unchanging when exposed. Spores olive-brown in mass,
15.8 × 4.8 (14 –18 × 4 – 6) µm, Q = 3.28, elliptic-fusiform to
subfusiform, smooth, yellowish in KOH. Basidia clavate, (2–)4spored; cheilocystidia not observed; pleurocystidia sparse,
42 – 60 × 7– 9 µm, narrowly fusoid-ventricose, smooth, thinwalled, hyaline in KOH. Pileipellis a trichodermium of interwoven, thin-walled, non-encrusted hyphae, 4–12 µm wide, lacking
clamp connections.
Habit, Habitat & Distribution — Solitary or scattered on the
ground under Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii ) and Longleaf Pine
(Pinus palustris) along the coastal plains across the southeastern United States from southern Virginia at lower elevations
south and west into Texas. It seems to prefer younger forests
and can be common in pine plantations. Fruiting in summer
and fall.
Typus. uSA, Georgia, Elbert County, near Ruckersville Road, 15 Sept.
2014, A.R. Besette (holotype ARB1267, FLAS, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank KX610682 and KX610680, MycoBank MB829952).
Additional material examined. uSA, Georgia, Gwinnett County, 11 June
2014, J. Craine MO167169 (FLAS), ITS sequence GenBank KX610683;
Mississippi, Harrison County, Harrison Experimental Forest, 5 Dec. 1982,
D. Lewis 3382 (F1132005); Texas, Tyler County, 19 Sept. 1980, D. Lewis
2318 (F1101782).
Notes — Boletus pseudopinophilus is included in Weber
& Smith (1985) and in Bessette et al. (2000, 2007, 2016) as
Boletus pinophilus, the European name that, prior to molecular studies, was misapplied in North America not only to this
south-eastern porcini, but also to the Spring King (B. rex-veris)
and to the Rocky Mountain Ruby-capped King (B. rubriceps)
in the western United States. Molecular analysis of ITS rDNA
data shows Boletus pseudopinophilus to be closely related to,
but separate from, B. pinophilus, in a strongly supported clade
that includes B. subcaerulescens, B. regineus, B. subalpinus
and a taxon reported as ‘Boletus cf. pinophilus’ from Oaxaca
Mexico, GenBank MG919994. Boletus subcaerulescens is very
similar, but typically has more vinaceous tones on the pileus
and stipe, a pore surface that stains bluish grey when bruised,
a northerly distribution and typically grows with spruce and
short-needle pines including Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris), Pitch
Pine (Pinus rigida) and Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana). Boletus
aurantioruber has a darker, rusty orange pileus, and a pinkish
cinnamon to rusty red or red-brown reticulum. It usually grows
associated with two and three needle pines such as Jack Pine
and Pitch Pine and is more northerly in its distribution, typically
found in north-eastern North America. Boletus separans grows
with oak, has a variable coloured cap that tends to be more
vinaceous to pink when young, and a white, finely reticulated
stipe. Lilac areas of the pileipellis and stipitipellis of B. separans
stain aquamarine to deep blue with the addition of NH4OH. The
European Boletus pinophilus differs in having a darker reddish brown pileus and grows in coniferous or mixed forests in
Europe, mycorrhizal with pines (Pinus) or spruce (Picea), but
has not been verified to occur in North America.
89
70
100
80
57
Boletus aurantioruber JFA2004 MI
Boletus “edulis” US east MASS
80
Boletus edulis Europe
Boletus rex-veris US west
87
99
Boletus fibrillosus US west
100
Boletus pseudopinophilus US east
100
Boletus cf. pinophilus Mexico
93
96
Boletus subcaerulescens US east
92
93
94
95
Colour illustrations. Top and bottom right: MO167169 under Pinus elliottii,
Gwinnett County, GA; bottom left: holotype ARB1267 under Pinus elliottii and
Pinus palustris, Elbert County, GA, USA.
Boletus rubriceps US southwest
Boletus regineus US west
Boletus subalpinus US west
Boletus pinophilus Europe
Maximum likelihood tree inferred from ITS nrDNA, using RAxML v. 8 (Stamatakis 2014), showing placement of Boletus pseudopinophilus in Boletus
s.str. Bootstrap support values (> 50 % with 1 000 replicates) are shown
above branches.
Arleen R. Bessette & Alan E. Bessette, 170 Live Oak Circle, Saint Marys, GA 31558, USA; e-mail: arbessette@tds.net & alanb1@tds.net
James D. Craine, 5320 N. Peachtree Road, Dunwoody, GA 30338, USA; e-mail: doctorcraine@yahoo.com
Jonathan L. Frank, Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland OR 97520, USA; e-mail: jonaleef@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
388
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Botryotrichum foricae
389
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 910 – 19 July 2019
Botryotrichum foricae Jurjević & Hubka, sp. nov.
floccose, mycelium white, exudate absent; reverse uncoloured
to cream colour (R16). Colonies on modified cellulose agar
(MCA) 47– 49 mm diam, subsurface or submerged, sporulation not observed. Colonies on oatmeal agar (OA) 45 – 47 mm
diam, floccose to funiculose, mycelium white, exudate absent,
reverse faint brown. Colony diam (in mm after 7 d) at 30 °C:
MEA 18 – 20, MEA with chloramphenicol 30 – 32, CYA 51– 54,
PCA 29 – 31, CMA 29 – 31, MCA 48 – 50. No growth on MEA,
CYA, PCA, CMA and MCA at 37 °C.
Etymology. Refers to the restroom (forica) from where the sample was
isolated.
Classification — Chaetomiaceae, Sordariales, Sordariomycetes.
Micromorphology (on malt extract agar; MEA): Hyphae hyaline
to lightly pigmented, 1.5–4.5 µm diam. Conidiophores hyaline to
pale yellowish brown, produced laterally from hyphae, commonly sympodially branched, up to 35 µm long, 2 – 5 µm diam near
the base. Conidiogenous cells terminal or intercalary, monoblastic or sympodially polyblastic, commonly cylindrical, occasionally with a broad denticle, 0 –13 × 2 – 4 µm, occasionally
swollen beneath the conidium. Sterile setae present only on
potato carrot agar (PCA) after prolonged cultivation, absent on
other media. Conidia single, rarely in chains of a few spores,
globose to subglobose, occasionally pyriform, hyaline, with
age becoming pale brown, smooth, rarely slightly roughened,
(7–)8 –13(–14.5) µm diam. Sexual morph unknown.
Culture characteristics — (in darkness, 25 °C after 7 d):
Colonies on MEA (Oxoid) 22–23 mm diam, floccose, moderate
deep sulcate, mycelium white to pinkish buff, good sporulation,
(R29; Ridgway 1912), exudate absent; reverse warm buff to
light ochraceous-buff (R15). Colonies on MEA supplemented
with 0.01 % chloramphenicol (Healthlink®, Jacksonville, FL)
44 – 47 mm diam, floccose, mycelium white, good sporulation,
exudate absent; warm buff to ochraceous-orange (R15). Colonies on Czapek yeast autolysate agar (CYA) 58 – 61 mm diam,
floccose, moderate deep to deep sulcate, mycelium white,
exudate absent; reverse light orange-yellow to orange-buff
(R3). Colonies on PCA 42 – 50 mm diam, floccose to lightly
funiculose, mycelium white, good sporulation, exudate absent;
reverse pale yellow-orange to light orange-yellow (R3). Colonies on corn meal agar (CMA) 30 – 32 mm diam, funiculose to
Typus. uSA, New Jersey, Glenwood, restroom air, Feb. 2015, isol.
Ž. Jurjević (holotype BPI 910933, culture ex-type CCF 5752 = EMSL 2683;
ITS, LSU, SSU and β-tubulin sequences GenBank LR584032, LR584033,
LR584031 and LR584034, MycoBank MB830668).
Notes — BLAST analysis with the ITS and β-tubulin sequences of Botryotrichum foricae with the reference sequences published by Wang et al. (2016, 2019) showed greatest similarity
with B. atrogriseum (99.2 % and 95.4 %), B. piluliferum (99.2 %
and 92.9 %) and B. peruvianum (99.4 % and 92.3 %).
Botryotrichum foricae produces on average smaller conidia,
(7–)8–13(–14.5) µm diam, compared to B. piluliferum, (9–)11–
17.5(–18.5) µm diam, B. peruvianum, (10 –)12 –16(–17.5) µm
diam and B. atrogriseum 10 – 25 µm diam.
[KX976939] B. piluliferum CBS 654.79
100
88
[KX976940] B. piluliferum CBS 105.14
[KX976932] B. atrogriseum CBS 604.69
85
[KX976931] B. atrogriseum CBS 130.28T
-
[LR584034] Botriotrichum foricae sp. nov. CCF 5752T
100
70
[KX976942] B. piluliferum DTO 254-B9
[KX976938] B. peruvianum CBS 421.93
[KX976937] B. peruvianum CBS 460.90
-
[LT993648] B. verrucosum CBS 116.64T
100
[KX976944] B. spirotrichum CBS 828.71
[KX976943] B. spirotrichum CBS 211.55T
[KX976934] B. murorum CBS 173.68
100
[KX976935] B. murorum DTO 324-G9
[KX976933] B. murorum CBS 163.52
[KP900708] Subramaniula thielavioides CBS 122.78T
0.05
Colour illustrations. Air, restroom. 7-d-old cultures at 25 °C of Botryotrichum foricae (from left to right on MEA, CYA, PCA and OA); conidia and
conidiophores on MEA. Scale bars = 10 µm.
A best scoring maximum likelihood tree based on β-tubulin gene sequences
shows the relationships of taxa within the genus Botryotrichum. The dataset
contained 15 taxa and a total of 416 characters of which 131 were variable
and 83 parsimony-informative. Partitioning scheme and substitution models
for analyses were selected using PartitionFinder 2 (Lanfear et al. 2017): the
TrNef+I model was proposed for 1st codon positions, JC model for the 2nd
codon positions, TrN for the 3rd codon positions and K80+G for introns. The
tree was constructed with IQ-TREE v. 1.4.4 (Nguyen et al. 2015). Support
values at branches were obtained from 1 000 bootstrap replicates. Only
bootstrap support values ≥ 70 % are shown; ex-type strains are indicated by
superscript T and the novel species in bold. The tree is rooted with Subramaniula thielavioides CBS 122.78 T.
Željko Jurjević, EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077 USA; e-mail: zjurjevic@emsl.com
Vit Hubka, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic,
and Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083,
142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; e-mail: hubka@biomed.cas.cz
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
390
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Cadophora helianthi
Fungal Planet description sheets
391
Fungal Planet 911 – 19 July 2019
Cadophora helianthi L. Molinero-Ruiz, A. Martín-Sanz, C. Berlanas & Gramaje, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the host genus (Helianthus annuus), from which
it was isolated.
Classification — Ploettnerulaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Mycelium composed of branched, septate hyphae occurring
singly or in bundles of up to 10; hyphae tuberculate with warts up
to 2.5 µm diam, verruculose to smooth, olivaceous brown, 2.5–
3.5 µm diam. Conidiophores mostly short, usually branched,
arising from aerial or submerged hyphae, erect to flexuous,
up to 6-septate, pale brown to brown, (9 –)10.5 – 46(– 59)
(av. = 23) µm long and 2 – 3.5 (av. = 2.5) µm wide. Phialides
terminal or lateral, mostly monophialidic, smooth to verruculose,
hyaline, with 1.5 – 3 µm long, 2 – 3 µm wide, mostly cylindrical
collarettes, some elongate-ampulliform, attenuated at the base
or navicular, (4 –)6.5 –12.5(–14) × 1.5 – 3(– 4) (av. = 7.5 × 2.5)
µm. Conidia hyaline, with up to 3 guttules, ovoid or oblong ellipsoidal, (3–)3.5–5.5 × 1.5–2.5 (av. = 4.5 × 2) µm, L/W = 2.0.
Culture characteristics — Colonies reached a radius of
14.5 –17 mm after 8 d at 25 °C. The minimum temperature for
growth was 5 °C, the optimum 20 – 25 °C and the maximum
30 °C. Colonies on MEA were flat, felty, with an even edge; after
16 d, white to grey olivaceous close to the centre above an in
reverse. Colonies on PDA were flat, felty, with an even edge;
after 16 d, white to olivaceous buff close to the centre above and
in reverse. Colonies on OA were raised with striating furrows,
woolly when close to the centre, with an even edge; after 16 d,
they were olivaceous to olivaceous buff above. Colours rated
according to Rayner (1970).
Notes — The genus Cadophora is characterised by having
pale to hyaline phialidic collarettes with the vegetative hyphae
more or less pigmented. The known Cadophora species and
their relatives occur in many habitats such as decaying wood
(Nilsson 1973, Blanchette et al. 2004), soil (Kerry 1990, Hujslová et al. 2010, Agustí-Brisach et al. 2013, Crous et al. 2017)
or plants (Halleen et al. 2003, Di Marco et al. 2004, Gramaje
et al. 2014, Travadon et al. 2015). Cadophora helianthi was
previously identified as C. malorum based on Btub phylogenies,
albeit with low statistical support (Martín-Sanz et al. 2018).
Typus. ukrAine, Uman, Cherkasi, isolated from necrotic tissues in stems
of Helianthus annuus showing wilting, 2017, A. Martín-Sanz (holotype CBS
H-23647, culture ex-type SR-03-16 = CBS 144752, ITS, LSU, beta-tubulin
(Btub) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) gene sequences
GenBank MF962601, MK813837, MH733391 and MH719029, MycoBank
MB827327).
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the ITS, tef1 and Btub gene sequences of Cadophora species of our isolates and sequences retrieved from
GenBank. The tree was built using MEGA v. 6.0. Bootstrap support values
above 70 % are shown at the nodes. The species described here is printed
in bold. The alignment and tree are available in TreeBASE (Submission
ID 23150).
Colour illustrations. Helianthus annuus plants growing in a field in Montoro
(Andalucía, Spain). 16-d-old colony on PDA; conidiophores and phialides;
conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Leire Molinero-Ruiz, Department of Crop Protection, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC,
14004 Córdoba, Spain; e-mail: lmolinero@ias.csic.es
Alberto Martín-Sanz, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., Campus Dupont – Pioneer, Ctra. Sevilla-Cazalla km 4.6,
41309 La Rinconada, Spain; e-mail: alberto.martinsanz@pioneer.com
Carmen Berlanas & David Gramaje, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (Gobierno de La Rioja-CSIC-Universidad de La Rioja),
Ctra. LO-20, Salida 13, 26007 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain; e-mail: carmen.berlanas@icvv.es & david.gramaje@icvv.es
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
392
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Calonectria matogrossensis
393
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 912 – 19 July 2019
Calonectria matogrossensis R.A. Fernandes, Alfenas & R.F. Alfenas, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the collection site of the fungus, Mato Grosso,
a state in Brazil.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
Sexual morph not observed. Macroconidiophores consisting of
a stipe bearing a penicillate arrangement of fertile branches, and
stipe extension terminating in a vesicle; stipe septate hyaline,
smooth, 113 – 214 × 2 – 5 µm; stipe extension septate, hyaline,
straight to flexuous, 92–181 µm long, 2–4 µm wide at the apical
septum, terminating in a vesicle ellipsoid to obpyriform, 6 – 9
µm diam, lateral stipe extensions (90° to main axis), septate,
straight to flexuous, 77–180 µm long, 2–3 µm wide at the apical
septum, terminating in a vesicle ellipsoid to obpyriform, 4–6 µm
diam. Conidiogenous apparatus 33 –100 µm long and 45 –100
µm wide; primary branches aseptate, 17–30 × 3–6 µm; secondary branches, aseptate, 12 – 26 × 3 – 5 µm; tertiary branches,
aseptate, 6 –16 × 3 – 5 µm; additional branches 7–10 × 3–4
µm, each terminal branch producing 2–4 phialides, doliiform to
reniform, hyaline, aseptate, 10–17 × 3–5 µm, apex with minute
periclinal thickening and inconspicuous collarette. Macroconidia cylindrical, rounded at both ends, straight, (42 –) 47– 50
× (3.5–)4 – 5 µm (av. 47 × 4 µm), 1-septate, lacking a visible
abscission scar, held in parallel cylindrical clusters by colourless
slime. Mega- and microconidia not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies fast growing at 26 °C
on MEA (50 – 55 mm after 7 d), producing abundant white
mycelium and sporulating on the medium surface; culture with
colour blight brown to dark brown after 7 d; chlamydospores
abundant throughout the medium, forming microsclerotia.
posterior and 96 % for maximum likelihood bootstrap support),
closely related but separate from Ca. metrosideri, Ca. eucalypticola and Ca. pseudoscoparia. Morphologically, it differs
from its nearest neighbours in having lateral stipe extensions.
Calonectria piauienses is morphologically similar to Ca. matogrossensis, but it has smaller conidia, and the species are
phylogenetically distant.
Typus. BrAZil, Mato Grosso, Primavera do Leste, on leaves of Eucalyptus
urophylla clone I144 (Myrtaceae), 2015, R.A. Alfenas (holotype UB24025,
tef-1α, cmdA, his3 and tub2 sequences GenBank MH837659 – MH837663,
MH837653–MH837658, MH837648–MH837652 and MH837664–MH837669,
MycoBank MB829570).
Notes — Calonectria matogrossensis is a new member of the
Ca. candelabra complex (Alfenas et al. 2015). Morphologically
and phylogenetically it can be distinguished from other species
of the Ca. candelabra complex. Phylogenetically, Ca. matogrossensis forms a well-support clade (0.99 for Bayesian probability
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the combined DNA sequences of
tef-1α, tub2, cmdA and his3 of the Calonectria candelabra complex. Bootstrap support values from Maximum Likelihood (RAxML-HPC v. 8.2.10) and
Bayesian (MrBayes v. 3.2.4) posterior probabilities, respectively, are indicated
at the nodes. The new species is indicated in bold. The tree was rooted to
Ca. pteridis (CBS 111871 and CBS 134670).
Table Distinctive morphological characters of Calonectria species closely related to C. matogrossensis.
Species
Conidiogenous apparatus
Size
Stipe extension
Branches (μm)
Vesicle
Diam (μm)
Lateral vesicle
Macroconidia size (μm)
References
Shape
C. eucalypticola
45 –75 × 35 – 62
3
145 –170 × 2– 4
5 –7
ellipsoidal to obpyriform
absent
(43 –)49 – 52(– 55) × 3– 5
Alfenas et al. (2015)
C. metrosideri
60 –75 × 40 – 65
4
90 –170 × 2– 4
5–9
spathulate to obpyriform
absent
(40 –)44 – 46(– 51) × 3– 5
Alfenas et al. (2013)
C. pseudoscoparia
52 –74 × 34 – 87
4
124 – 201 × 4– 6
6 –10
obpyriform to ellipsoidal
absent
(41–)45 – 51(– 52) × 3– 3
Lombard et al. (2010)
C. matogrossensis
33 – 99 × 45 –100
3(– 4)
113 – 214 × 2– 5
6–9
ellipsoidal to obpyriform
present
(42 –)47– 50 × (3.5–)4 – 5 This study
Colour illustrations. Leaves of Eucalyptus urophylla. Calonectria matogrossensis (ex-type UB24025): macroconidiophores (scale bars = 50, 20, 20
μm); conidiogenous apparatus with conidiophore branches and phialides;
macroconidia (scale bars = 20 μm); ellipsoidal to obpyriform vesicles (scale
bars = 10 μm).
Rildo A. Fernandes, Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil; e-mail: eflorestal.af@gmail.com
Rafael F. Alfenas, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil; e-mail: ralfenas@ufmt.br
Acelino C. Alfenas, Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil;
e-mail: aalfenas@ufv.br
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
394
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Calvatia brasiliensis
395
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 913 – 19 July 2019
Calvatia brasiliensis R.J. Ferreira, R.L. Oliveira, B.D.B. Silva, M.P. Martín & Baseia,
sp. nov.
Etymology. In reference to the country where this species was collected.
Classification — Agaricaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata growing solitary or in small groups, pyriform to
subglobose, 19 – 37 mm wide × 27– 29 mm high. Exoperidium
subtomentose, evanescent, greyish yellow (1B3 and 1B4, Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), at the base with sand encrusted at
maturity. Mesoperidium papery, dark brown, greyish brown to
violet brown (9F4, 9F6, 10E3, 10E4) at maturity. Endoperidium
papyraceous in the outer surface and tomentose in the surface
inner, fragile and dark brown to violet brown (6F4, 10F4, 10F5).
Rhizomorphs brown (7E4) densely encrusted with sand. Subgleba reduced, compact, occupying a third of the basidioma,
when mature greyish yellow (4B3). Gleba lanose, greyish brown
to violet brown (10E3, 10E4, 10F5), at maturity. Exoperidium
composed of hyphae measuring 3.2 – 6.4 µm diam, with regular walls ≤ 1.0 µm thin, straight, septate and rarely branched,
hyaline in 5 % KOH, and dextrinoid (low reaction). Mesoperidium pseudoparenchymatous composed of cells measuring
13 –18.6 × 10.7–14.1 µm diam, with regular walls ≤ 0.56 thin,
hyaline in 5 % KOH, and non-dextrinoid. Endoperidium with
hyphae measuring 2.7– 4.6 µm diam, with regular walls ≤ 0.8
µm thin, straight, branched, non-septate, brown in 5 % KOH,
and non-dextrinoid; in the apical portion, mycosclereids globose, subglobose, pyriform, ovoid, ellipsoid or rectangular in
shape, 13.5 – 42 µm × 7.4–15.7 µm diam, with regular walls ≤
0.9 µm thick, and straight. Hyphae of the rhizomorphs 2.1– 3.5
µm diam, regular walls, ≤ 0.7 µm thin, curved, branched, nonseptate, hyaline in 5 % KOH, and dextrinoid. Subgleba with
hyphae measuring 2.5 – 3.8 µm diam, with regular walls ≤ 1.0
µm thin, curved, branched, septate, hyaline in 5 % KOH, and
dextrinoid. Paracapillitium absent. Capillitium Lycoperdon-type,
elastic, hyphae 2.3– 4.1 µm diam with regular walls ≤ 1.02 µm
thin, straight, frequently branched, septate, with small and
numerous circular pits, hyaline in 5 % KOH, dextrinoid (low
reaction). Basidiospores globose to subglobose, equinulated,
5.8–6.6 × 5.2–6.5 µm (av. = 6.1 ± 0.3 × 5.9 ± 0.3; Qm (medium
coefficient) = 1.04; n (measurement numbers) = 20), pedicels
present in some spores, ≤ 0.89 µm, brown in 5 % KOH, nondextrinoid and acyanophilic.
Habit & Habitat — Basidiomata growing solitary or in pairs
on moist soil.
Typus. BrAZil, Rio Grande do Norte, João Câmara, Serra do Torreão,
near trail, soil, 17 Feb. 2017, R.L. Oliveira (holotype UFRN-Fungos 3039,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK660463 and MK660493, MycoBank
MB830236).
Additional materials examined. BrAZil, Rio Grande do Norte, João Câmara, Serra do Torreão, near trail, soil, 20 Feb. 2019, R.L. Oliveira (UFRNFungos 3115); ibid., 20 Feb. 2019, R.L. Oliveira (UFRN-Fungos 3116).
Notes — Calvatia brasiliensis is a typical species of sect.
Hippoperdon (Kreisel 1992). Based on morphological and
molecular characters, it is close to some other Calvatia species, such as Calvatia cyathiformis, C. lilacina, C. fragilis and
C. caatinguensis. Calvatia cyathiformis has a cellular and welldeveloped subgleba, gleba powdery, verrucose to echinate
basidiospores, and capillitium with short and branched hyphae
with numerous circular pits (Dissing & Lange 1962, Zeller &
Smith 1964), characteristics not found in Calvatia brasiliensis.
Calvatia fragilis has an extremely powdery and dark brown
gleba; reduced subgleba; Calvatia-type capillitium, with hyphae with numerous small circular pits and numerous septa;
basidiospores smaller (4.0 – 5.5 μm) with finely equinulated to
columnar ornamentation (Morgan 1890, Silveira 1943). Calvatia
lilacina has morphological characters close to C. brasiliensis;
but C. lilacina shows a distinct colour band at the apex of the
well-developed cellular subgleba, and smaller spores (3–5 μm)
(Bottomley 1948). Calvatia caatinguensis, a species recently
described in Crous et al. (2018a) has similar morphological
characteristics to C. brasiliensis, such as a violaceous gleba,
tomentose endoperidium, and when mature, marked incrustations in basal exoperidium; however, C. caatinguensis has a
well-developed subgleba occupying two-thirds of the basidioma,
and with a distinct colour band at the apex. Morphological and
molecular data (ITS nrDNA) provide strong support for considering C. brasiliensis as a good and new species.
Supplementary material
Colour illustrations. Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte, João Câmara, Serra do
Torreão, where the specimens were collected. From bottom to top: immature
basidiome in situ (UFRN-Fungos 3116); longitudinal section through mature
basidiome (UFRN-Fungos 3039); mature basidiome in situ (UFRN-Fungos
3115); basidiospores under SEM (UFRN-Fungos 3039); capillitium under SEM
(UFRN-Fungos 3039). Scale bars = 10 mm (others), 1 μm (SEM images).
FP913 ITS nrDNA phylogenetic tree obtained with MrBayes v. 3.1.2 (Huelsenbeck & Ronquist 2001) under T92+G model for 5 M generations. The
new species is marked with a rectangle. The posterior probabilities greater
than 0.9 are indicated on the branches. Bovista paludosa was included as
outgroup. Figtree v. 1.42 and Adobe Illustrator CS5 software were used to
edit the final tree.
Renan de L. Oliveira, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte,
Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 3000, 59072-970 Natal, RN, Brazil; e-mail: brazil_renan77@yahoo.com.br
Renato J. Ferreira, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,
50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil; e-mail: renatojuciano@hotmail.com
Bianca D.B. Silva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Botânica, 40170115 Ondina, Salvador, BA, Brazil;
e-mail: bianca.denise@ufba.br
María P. Martín, Real Jardín Botánico RJB-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: maripaz@rjb.csic.es
Iuri G. Baseia, Departamento Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte,
Campus Universitário, 59072–970 Natal, RN, Brazil; e-mail: iuri.baseia@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
396
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Carcinomyces nordestinensis
397
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 914 – 19 July 2019
Carcinomyces nordestinensis D.A. Andrade, C.R. Félix, F.S. Bomfim, R.P. Neves &
Landell, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the Brazilian region, Nordeste (in Portuguese),
where all yeast isolates were obtained.
Classification — Carcinomycetaceae, Tremellales, Tremellomycetes.
On YEPD agar after 3 d at 22 – 25 °C, cells are globose to subglobose (3 – 5 × 1.5 – 3.5 μm), and colonies are cream to pale
pink, mucoid and glistening. Vegetative reproduction is by
multipolar budding. After 3 wk in Dalmau plate culture on cornmeal agar, pseudohyphae are formed. Sexual reproduction is
not observed. Ballistoconidia production is absent. Fermentation ability is negative. The following carbon compounds are
assimilated: N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine, L-arabitol, cellobiose,
erythritol, galactose, melezitose, raffinose, soluble starch,
sucrose, D-arabinose (slow), L-arabinose (slow), inulin (slow),
galactorunote (slow), D-glucose (slow), glycerol (slow), lactose
(slow), maltose (slow), D-mannitol (slow), melibiose (slow),
myo-Inositol (slow), D-ribose (slow), trehalose (slow), xylitol
(slow), D-xylose (slow), galactitol (variable), D-glucitol, (variable), succinate (variable), L-rhamnose (weak). No assimilation
of citrate, gluconate, DL-lactate, salicin, tween 20, tween 80.
Assimilation of nitrogen compound are L-lysine (slow) and potassium nitrate (weak). No assimilation of sources nitrogen of
creatine, creatinine, sodium nitrite, ethylamine and cadaverine.
Growth at 22, 25 and 30 °C and no growth at 35 °C. Growth
was not observed on YEPD with 50 % glucose, in the 10 %
sodium chloride and 1 % in the acetic acid. After 21 d, growth
was observed in the presence of 0.01 % cycloheximide and in
0.1 % no growth was observed. Urease activity and diazonium
blue B reaction are positive. No starch formation.
Notes — Carcinomyces nordestinensis is proposed as new
species based on phylogenetic analysis, physiological and biochemical features. The strains had 100 % identity in the LSU
and between 98 –100 % in the ITS region (0 – 4 substitutions).
Phylogenetic inferences of LSU (D1/D2 domain) and ITS rDNA
sequences indicated Carcinomyces arundinariae (CBS 9931)
as the closest species. According to BLASTn searches (9
Apr. 2019) the LSU rDNA sequences have 98.6 % identity to
C. arundinariae (CBS 9931, GenBank NG_058990; 7 nucleotide
substitutions), 97 % to sequences deposited as Carcinomyces
sp. (BPT 70, GenBank KY305115; 19 nucleotide substitutions)
96.8 % to Bullera sp. (TO 115, GenBank KJ156986; 18 nucleotide substitutions), and 96.07 % to Bullera sp. (BI 335, GenBank
EU678937; 17 nucleotide substitutions). The closest hits using
ITS sequences are 95.1 % identity to C. arundinariae (CBS 9931,
GenBank NR_077092; 22 nucleotide substitutions), 86.1 %
to Bullera sp. (TO 115, GenBank KJ156987; > 50 nucleotide
substitutions) and 85.8 % to Carcinomyces sp. (BPT 70, GenBank KY305146; 64 nucleotide substitutions). Carcinomyces
nordestinensis differs physiologically and biochemically from
C. arundinariae by inulin and glycerol assimilation and no
assimilation of salicin and citrate (Kurtzman et al. 2011, Liu
et al. 2015a).
Typus. BrAZil, Santana do Ipanema municipality, Alagoas state, Private
Reserve of Natural Heritage (S9°21'49" W37°14'54") as epiphytic yeast on
leaves of Bromelia antiacantha (Bromeliaceae), 11 Sept. 2017, C.R. Félix &
M.F. Landell (holotype as metabolically inactive culture, UFMG-CM-Y6457,
LSU and ITS sequences GenBank MH909022 and MK659873, MycoBank
MB830322); isotype as metabolically inactive culture URM 8088 = CBS
15981 = BRT 317.
Additional materials examined. BrAZil, Recife municipality, Pernambuco
state, Federal University of Pernambuco campus (S8°03'02.30" W34°56'54.41")
as endophytic yeast from the medicinal plant Handroanthus impetiginosus
(Bignoniaceae), 20 Jan. 2013, F.S. Bomfim (cultures URM 7675, URM 7676,
URM 7677 and isolate 20F, ITS sequences GenBank MK792995, MK792959,
MK792960, MK792965, and LSU sequences GenBank MK792962,
MK792963, MK800011, MK792964, respectively).
Supplementary material
FP914-1 Phylogenetic placement of Carcinomyces nordestinensis was obtained by neighbour-joining (Kimura two-parameter distance method) analysis
of the LSU (D1/D2 domains) rRNA gene using MEGA v. 7 (Kumar et al. 2016).
Bootstrap support values higher than 50 % are shown (1 000 replicates).
The novel species is indicated in bold and type cultures with a superscript T.
The tree was rooted to Rhodotorula glutinis. Bar = 0.02 substitutions per
nucleotide position.
Colour illustrations. Bromelia antiacantha in the Private Reserve of Natural
Heritage, Santana do Ipanema, Alagoas, Brazil. Microscopy showing the
colony macromorphology and yeast microstructures. Scale bar =10 µm.
FP914-2 Phylogenetic placement of Carcinomyces nordestinensis was obtained by neighbour-joining (Kimura two-parameter distance method) analysis
of the ITS region using MEGA v. 7 (Kumar et al. 2016). Bootstrap support
values higher than 50 % are shown (1 000 replicates). The novel species is
indicated in bold and type cultures with a superscript T. The tree was rooted
to Rhodotorula glutinis. Bar = 0.02 substitutions per nucleotide position.
Dayse A. Andrade, Ciro R. Félix & Melissa F. Landell, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde – ICBS, Universidade Federal de Alagoas,
Maceió, Brazil; e-mail: dayse.andrade@outlook.com, ciroramon@outlook.com & melissa.landell@gmail.com
Flávio S. Bomfim & Rejane P. Neves, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,
Recife, Brazil; e-mail: flaviosantosbomfim@gmail.com & rejanepneves@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
398
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Clavaria parvispora
399
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 915 – 19 July 2019
Clavaria parvispora Kautman., Majerová & Olariaga, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the spore size, which is the smallest among
pink-coloured Clavaria species.
Classification — Clavariaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata gregarious or in small clumps of 2–5 basidiomata,
rarely solitary, 5–20(–30) mm long, simple, with well-delimited,
but quite short stipe (up to 3 mm). Clavula 5–25 × 0.5–1.5 mm,
cylindrical, smooth, tomentose, pale pink (Pantone 162UP),
darkening upon drying (Pantone 190UP). Apex obtuse and paler, almost white in young basidiomata. Stipe 2 – 3 × 1–1.5 mm,
cylindrical, smooth, silky, yellowish (Pantone 7508C) with white,
tomentose basal mycelium. Context watery, yellowish, taste
mild, smell indistinctive. Reaction with FeCl3 positive, blackening, slow after 3 – 5 min. Basidiospores ellipsoid to broadly
ellipsoid, thin-walled, smooth, hyaline, non-amyloid, usually
with one big vacuole, 5.2 – 6.1(– 6.4) × 3.8 – 4.3 μm (Lm = 5.8;
Wm = 4.0; Qm = 1.41). Apiculus short, up to 0.5 μm. Ornamentation of spores not observed. Basidia claviform, 4-spored, with
a loop-like basal clamp, 28 – 35 × 2.5 – 4 μm. Cystidia absent.
Subhymenium 25 – 35 μm thick, formed by densely interwoven
hyphae, cylindrical to inflated, thin-walled, clampless, 2.0 – 3.5
μm broad. Context hyphae parallel, inflated, thin-walled, secondarily septate, hyaline, smooth, clampless, 10 – 20 μm wide,
mostly (20–)70–100 μm long. Basal mycelium white, composed
of interwoven hyphae, cylindrical, thick-walled, scarcely septate,
hyaline, clampless, 1– 2 μm wide.
Distribution — Known from Slovakia, Czech Republic and
Norway, probably more widespread but overlooked. Preferred
habitat is probably represented by bare soil and mosses under
shrubs in outgrown pastures and semi-natural grasslands.
larger basidiomata (up to 7 cm tall), which are pale pink, drying to pale cream colour without pink tones, hymenial cystidia
and ellipsoid to almost rhomboid spores 7.2 × 5.2 μm. Spore
ornamentation frequently observed in C. mesapica and other
pink Clavaria subg. Holocoryne species, was not found in any
of the C. parvispora specimens.
In the ML tree based on the LSU alignment C. parvispora sequences are grouped in a well-supported clade, although showing a certain degree of sequence divergence. Other clades
represent three species of the Clavaria incarnata complex,
where Clavaria sp. 1 is probably an undescribed species
characterised by big spores (up to 9.5 × 6.5 μm), Clavaria sp.
2 possesses typically a high proportion of ornamented spores
and is probably conspecific with Clavaria stellifera, and the third
species can be attributed to C. incarnata s.str.
C. mesapica BRACR21595
C. mesapica MA-Fungi 53113
C. mesapica BRACR19561
C. mesapica BRACR15067
C. mesapica BRACR16728
C. mesapica BRACR21589
C. mesapica BRACR21771
C. mesapica BRACR21307
C. mesapica BRACR21703
C. mesapica BRACR12601
C. mesapica G0821
C. mesapica BRACR21592
C. mesapica BRACR21300
C. mesapica BRACR18961
C. sp. 2 BRACR15105
C. sp. 2 TENN055651
Typus. norwAy, Oslo, Bygdøy, Dronningberget Nature Reserve, in deciduous trees and shrubs along the old outgrown forest road, in bare soil and
mosses, N59.914164 E10.683094, alt. 10 m, 7 Sept. 2009, I. Kautmanová
(holotype BRA CR13266, LSU sequence GenBank MH727523, MycoBank
MB828902).
C. sp. 2 BRACR12845
7 8/0.99
Colour illustrations. Type locality of Clavaria parvispora in Oslo, Norway.
Type specimen in situ (Photo credit: I. Kautmanová); collection from Slovakia,
Žilina (Photo credit: L. Jánošík); basidiospores. Scale bars = 1 cm (macromorphology), 5 µm (spores).
C. sp. 2 BRACR23417
7 6/
0.97
C. sp. 2 BIO-Fungi 12386
C. incarnata BRACR16661
C. incarnata BRACR21715
1 0 0/1
Additional materials examined. SlovAkiA, Považský Inovec Mts, Banka village, in shrubs (Prunus spinosa, Crataegus sp., Corylus avellana) in outgrown
pasture, among mosses on bare soil, alt. 230 m, 26 Sept. 2014, V. Kučera,
BRA CR 21309, LSU sequence GenBank MH727524; Žilinská kotlina Basin,
Žilina, in city park in meadow, alt. 450 m, 18 Oct. 2008, L. Jánošík, BRA
CR16030, LSU sequence GenBank JQ415937; Podtatranská kotlina Basin,
Hybe village, under shrubs (Prunus spinosa, Rosa sp.,Corylus avellana) in
old orchard, on bare soil, alt. 810 m, 15 Aug. 2008, I. Kautmanová, BRA
CR16024, LSU sequence GenBank JQ15936; ibid., 12 Aug. 2011, I. Kautmanová, BRA CR16636, LSU sequence GenBank MH727522; Javorníky Mts,
Trenčín, Zlatovce, in bare soil in shrubs (Crataegus sp., Corylus avellana,
Prunus spinosa) in outgrown pasture, alt. 230 m, 17 Sept. 2014, V. Kautman,
BRA CR 21304, LSU sequence GenBank MH727520; ibid., 17 Sept. 2014,
V. Kautman, BRACR 21311, LSU sequence GenBank. MH727521.
Notes — Clavaria parvispora differs from other pink-coloured
species of the Clavaria subg. Holocoryne by small broadly
ellipsoid spores. Clavaria mesapica is characterised by much
C. mesapica GB0060436
9 9/1
C. incarnata BRACR13135
C. incarnata BRACR15925
C. incarnata BRACR21714
5 7/0.98
9 9/0.78
C. parvispora BRACR21304
C. parvispora BRACR21311
C. parvispora BRACR16636
C. parvispora BRACR16030
1 0 0/1
C. parvispora BRACR16024
C. parvispora BRACR13266
C. parvispora BRACR21309
9 1/0.88
1 0 0/1
9 3/0.91
1 0 0/1
C. sp. 1 BRACR21303
C. sp. 1 BRACR (SVAL86)
C. sp. 1 BRACR16633
C. sp. 1 BRACR16210
C. sp. BRACR13269
C. flavostellifera BRACR16695
1 0 0/-
C. flavostellifera BIO-Fungi 10433
0.02
Bayesian inference 50 % majority rule consensus phylogram of Clavaria
incarnata group from LSU sequence data constructed by MrBayes 3.2.6
(Ronquist et. al. 2012). Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) ≥ 95 % and
Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values (ML-BP) ≥ 70 % are shown at the
nodes (ML-BP / PP). Thickened branches received support by both analyses.
The tree was rooted to C. flavostellifera.
Ivona Kautmanová, Slovak National Museum-Natural History Museum, Vajanského nab. 2,
P.O. Box 13, 81006 Bratislava, Slovakia; e-mail: ivona.kautmanova@snm.sk
Hana Majerova, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Slovak University of Technology,
Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia; e-mail: hanamajerova13@gmail.com
Ibai Olariaga, Biology, Geology and Inorganic Chemistry Department, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos,
C/ Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; e-mail: ibai.olariaga@urjc.es
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
400
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Colletotrichum feijoicola
401
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 916 – 19 July 2019
Colletotrichum feijoicola Guarnaccia & Damm, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to feijoa, the host plant from which this fungus
was collected.
Classification — Glomerellaceae, Glomerellales, Sordariomycetes.
Sexual morph not observed, but pale brown, subglobose, glabrous immature ascomata formed after > 3 wk on SNA, 20–65
µm diam. Asexual morph on SNA. Vegetative hyphae 1–8.5 µm
diam, hyaline, smooth-walled, septate, branched. Chlamydospores not observed. Conidiomata absent, conidiophores and
setae formed directly on hyphae. Setae not observed. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth-walled, septate, branched, to 30 µm
long. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth-walled, cylindrical
to clavate, sometimes flexuous, sometimes extending to form
new conidiogenous loci, 5.5–21 × 3–4 µm, opening 1.5–2.5 µm
diam, collarette 1–1.5 µm long, periclinal thickening distinct. Conidia hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, straight, cylindrical, with
round ends, already germinating and becoming septate after
10 d, (11.5–)12–14(–15) × (4.5–)5–5.5 µm, mean ± SD = 12.9
± 0.9 × 5.1 ± 0.3 µm, L /W ratio = 2.5. Appressoria single or in
loose groups, pale to medium brown, smooth-walled, bulletshaped, navicular, subsphaerical, ovoidal to irregular in outline,
with an entire, undulate to lobate margin, (6.5 –)8.5 –13(–17)
× (4.5 –) 6 – 9.5(–12.5) µm, mean ± SD = 10.6 ± 2.3 × 7.7 ± 1.7
µm, L /W ratio = 1.4. No sporulation on Anthriscus stem or OA.
Strain GMLC 1898 remained sterile.
Culture characteristics — (near UV light with 12 h photoperiod, 20 °C after 10 d): Colonies on SNA flat with entire
margin, hyaline to saffron, filter paper partly pure yellow, filter
paper and Anthriscus stem covered with white felt-like aerial
mycelium, reverse same colours; growth 23.5 – 28 mm in 7 d
(34.5 – 39 mm in 10 d). Colonies on OA flat with entire to undulate margin; buff, pale luteous, saffron, apricot to dark brick,
partly covered with white felt-like aerial mycelium, reverse buff,
pale luteous, saffron, cinnamon to dark brick, growth 27.5–32.5
mm in 7 d (37.5 – ≥ 40 mm in 10 d). Conidia in mass not observed.
Typus. portugAl, Azores Islands, Sao Miguel, from a leaf spot of Acca
sellowiana (feijoa, Myrtaceae), 17 July 2017, V. Guarnaccia (GML-F116096
holotype, culture ex-type CBS 144633 = GMLC 1899 = CPC 34246; act,
gapdh, ITS, LSU and tub2 sequences GenBank MK876466.1, MK876475.1,
MK876413.1, MK876420.1 and MK876507.1, MycoBank MB830862).
Additional material examined. portugAl, Azores Islands, Sao Miguel, from
a leaf spot of A. sellowiana, 17 July 2017, V. Guarnaccia, GML-F116095,
culture GMLC 1898 = CPC 34245; act, chs-1, gapdh, his3, ITS, LSU and tub2
sequences GenBank MK876465.1, MK876471.1, MK876474.1, MK876477.1,
MK876414.1, MK876421.1 and MK876506.1.
Notes — Acca sellowiana is native to South America and is
grown as an ornamental plant or for its tropical fruit production
in Europe, where cultivation is affected by fungal pathogens
such as Calonectria spp. (Guarnaccia et al. 2014). Colletotrichum feijoicola was found associated with reddish leaf spots
of A. sellowiana cultivated in a small orchard in Sao Miguel,
the main island of the Azores archipelago.
No Colletotrichum species has previously been described from
Acca spp. and none was reported on Acca spp. in Europe (Farr
& Rossman 2018). However, there are three previous reports
of Colletotrichum spp. on A. sellowiana from other regions:
C. gloeosporioides in Uruguay (Bettucci et al. 2004), C. siamense in Brazil (Fantinel et al. 2017) and C. theobromicola in
New Zealand (Weir et al. 2012); all of these species belong to
the C. gloeosporioides species complex. However, the report
of C. gloeosporioides in Uruguay is unreliable as the study
was conducted prior to the revision of the C. gloeosporioides
species complex (Weir et al. 2012), and could refer to probably
any Colletotrichum species with cylindrical conidia and rounded
ends including species e.g. in the C. boninense, C. gloeosporioides and C. orchidearum species complexes (Damm et al.
2012, 2019, Weir et al. 2012).
In contrast to these reports, BLASTn searches with ITS, LSU,
act, tub2 and gapdh sequences of C. feijoicola in NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database restricted to ex-type strains resulted
in different species of the C. boninense species complex: 98 %
similarity with C. oncidii and C. colombiense (CBS 129828
and CBS 129818; Damm et al. 2012) using ITS, 99 % with
C. hippeastri (CBS 125376; Vu et al. 2019) using LSU, 96 %
with C. camelliae-japonicae and C. annellatum (LC6416 and
CBS 129826; Hou et al. 2016, Damm et al. 2012) using act,
97 % with C. annellatum (CBS 129826; Damm et al. 2012)
using tub2 and 90 % with C. petchii (CBS 378.94; Damm et
al. 2012) using gapdh.
Based on these results we regard the strains from A. sellowiana
as a new species belonging to the C. boninense species complex. Several Colletotrichum species are known as pathogens
of various plants mainly in tropical and subtropical regions of the
world; some of them have recently been reported as pathogens
of other tropical fruit trees in Europe (Guarnaccia et al. 2016).
Thus, C. feijoicola should be considered as a potential threat
for fruit production.
Colour illustrations. Forest in Azores Islands, Sao Miguel, where the
species was collected. Left: colony on PDA; conidiomata; appressoria; right:
immature ascomata; conidiophores; conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Vladimiro Guarnaccia, DiSAFA, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy;
e-mail: vladimiro.guarnaccia@unito.it
Ulrike Damm, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, PF 300 154, 02806 Görlitz, Germany;
e-mail: Ulrike.Damm@senckenberg.de
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
402
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Coniochaeta dendrobiicola
403
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 917 – 19 July 2019
Coniochaeta dendrobiicola Sujit Shah, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects the host genus it was isolated from, Dendrobium
longicornu.
Habitat — Roots of Dendrobium longicornu, District Makwanpur, Nepal.
Classification — Coniochaetaceae, Coniochaetales, Sordariomycetes.
Typus. nepAl, District Makwanpur, roots of Dendriobium lognicornu
(Orchidaceae), 25 May 2017, S. Shah (holotype culture and specimen,
MCC1811, preserved as metabolically inactive, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MK225602 and MK225603, MycoBank MB830652).
Vegetative hyphae thin, septate, smooth 1.2 – 2.4 µm wide.
Conidiogenous cells arising laterally from vegetative hyphae,
broader at base tapering towards apex (1.4 µm at base and
0.67 µm at apex). Conidia hyaline, smooth, cylindrical to allantoid, variable in size, 4.35 –11.28 × 1.2 – 2.3 µm. Sexual morph
absent which is reported in Coniochaeta velutina, C. prunicola,
C. africana isolated from Prunus (Damm et al. 2010, Weber
2002, Abdalla & Al-Rokibah 2003, Asgari & Zare 2006).
Cultural characteristics — Coniochaeta dendrobiicola was
first isolated on Czapek-Dox agar (CDA). The shape of the
colony was circular, with lemon yellow colour and pale regular
margin with pale white band as growing zone. The surface
was smooth with flat topography and submerged mycelium.
Colony 4 cm diam after 15 d of incubation, with 2–3 concentric
rings. On potato dextrose agar (PDA) the colony was circular
with regular margin, pale brown with yellowish margin having
radiating furrows. The surface was glistening, smooth with flat
topography and the presence of submerged mycelium. Colonies
reach 4 cm diam after 15 d of incubation, with 1– 2 concentric
rings present. On oatmeal agar (OA) the colony shape was
circular with regular margin, lemon yellow with 1 cm thick white
growing margin. The colony surface was smooth, shiny with flat
topography and submerged mycelium. Colonies reach 4.5 cm
diam after 15 d of incubation, with a single concentric brown
ring present.
Notes — Phylogenetic trees of the ITS region was prepared
using sequences of C. dendrobiicola and other Coniochaeta
species obtained from GenBank. An NCBI BLASTn search
of ITS sequences showed closest similarity to be 93 % with
C. africana (CBS 120868, GenBank MH863095), 92 % with
C. velutina (STE-U 8315, GenBank KY312638), 92 % with
Coniochaeta angustispora (CBS 871.73, GenBank MH860816)
and 92 % with Coniochaeta nepalica (NBRC 30584, GenBank
LC146727).
Coniochaeta ligniaria KJ188673
100
Coniochaeta nepalica LC146727
Coniochaeta velutina MH520095
93
96
Coniochaeta fasciculata MH178680
Coniochaeta velutina KU321537
66
Coniochaetaceae
Coniochaeta lignicola NR 111520
Coniochaeta dendrobiicola (DLCCR7)
98
Coniochaeta africana MH863095
100
Coniochaetales
75
100
Coniochaeta angustispora MH860817
Coniochaeta cymbiformispora LC146726
Coniochaeta africana NR 137725
Coniochaeta polymorpha NR 121473
99
Coniochaeta polymorpha MH474518
Phialemonium obovatum NR 145147
Chaetosphaeria garethjonesii NR 154840
0.05
Colour illustrations. Dendrobium longicornu orchid species from Chitlang
village, Makwanpur district, Nepal. Colony after 15 d on PDA, OA and CDA;
conidia, conidiogenous cells and hyphae. Scale bars = 10, 10 and 100 μm.
Neighbour-Joining tree based on ITS sequences using MEGA v. 6.06, showing the phylogenetic position of the new species among closely related 11
Coniochaeta species whose sequences were retrieved from the NCBI database. Coniochaeta dendrobiicola (DLCCR7) clustered in a clade containing
the majority of the Coniochaeta species with a bootstrap support value of
100 %. The analysis involved 15 nucleotide sequences with Chaetosphaeria
garethjonesii and Phialemonium obovantum as outgroups.
Sujit Shah, Bijaya Pant, Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Nepal; e-mail: b.pant@cdbtu.edu.np
Rohit Sharma & Yogesh S. Shouche, National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR), National Centre for Cell Science, India;
e-mail: rohit@nccs.res.in & yogesh@nccs.res.in
Jyotsna Sharma, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech. University, USA; e-mail: jyotsna.sharma@ttu.edu
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
404
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Crepidotus tobolensis
405
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 918 – 19 July 2019
Crepidotus tobolensis Kapitonov, Biketova & Zmitr., sp. nov.
Etymology. The name refers to a geographic area of the type locality,
namely Tobol river and Tobolsk city (Russia, Tyumen Region).
Classification — Crepidotaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Pileus hygrophanous, soft and brittle, 7– 43 mm wide, sessile
to subpendent, reniform to ungulate or flabelliform, at first
more or less hemispherical, then becoming convex-plane, the
upperside initially subtomentose then, starting from the attachment point, velutinous to glabrous with internal hygrophanous
radially-fibrillose texture and snow-white tomentum around the
attachment point, luteous to honey-yellow and creamy-white
at the margin, at maturity less bright, with orange-ochraceous
tinges in median zone; context as a thin hygrophanous layer
1– 2.8 mm thick, creamy-white. Margin straight, entire, crenate
to crisped. Gills frequent, 1– 3 mm wide, thin, not serrate, but
serrulate in marginal zone, gradually narrowing downward
on stipe, convergent under basidiome vault, soft-ceraceous,
easily cracked, lamellulae in 3 – 4 ranks, ivory-white, staining
yellowish ochraceous starting from attachment point (many
gills are covered with rufous spots). Stipe absent. Odour and
taste not distinctive. Spore-print brownish orange to yellowish
brown. Spores (5.4 –)5.9 –7(–7.6) × (4.4 –)4.6 – 5.6(– 6.3) μm,
av. = 6.5 × 5.1 µm, Q = (1.11–)1.21–1.35(–1.44), Qav. = 1.28
(n = 100/1), ovoid to widely lacrymoid, slightly ventrally flattened, with a germpore, hyaline to yellowish; exosporium
warted, golden-brown, perisporium hyaline, strictly follows the
exosporium ornamentation. Basidia (19.8 –)21– 24.4(– 25.1)
× (6.1–)6.13 – 8.1(– 8.5) µm, av. = 22.3 × 7 µm (n = 13), sterigmata (2.3 –) 2.4 – 3.2(– 3.6) μm long, av. = 2.9 µm (n = 17),
4-spored, clavate to subpedunculate, hyaline. Cheilocystidia
numerous, (28–)33.2–45.2(–73) × (6.5–)6.9–11.2(–12.8) µm,
av. = 41.1 × 8.8 µm (n = 15), variable in shape: fusiform, hyphoid, flexuose, clavate (often swollen to sphaeropedunculate),
mostly branched, branches strangulate or capitate. Pleurocystidia especially not differentiated. Pileipellis a trichoderm,
transforming into the cutis when mature; cutis 45–100 μm, thin,
repent hyphae 3–11.7 μm diam, hyaline; terminal cells resemble
the pleurocystidia in shape and size. Subpellis lacking. Pigment
deposits lacking. Clamp connections present in all tissues.
Habitat & Distribution — Growing gregarious on wood debris
of Populus tremula. Uncommon in the studied area. So far
known only from Russia.
Typus. ruSSiA, Tyumen Region, Tobolsk city, Betuleto-Tremuletum variiherbosum, on debris of Populus tremula, 28 Aug. 2018, V.I. Kapitonov (holotype LE 287655, isotype TCSS UB RAS 2732, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK522393 and MK560762, MycoBank MB829922).
Additional materials examined. Crepidotus tobolensis: ruSSiA, Tyumen
Region, Tobolsk district, Priirtyshskyi vicinity, Betuleto-Tremuletum variiherbosum, on debris of Populus tremula, 1 July 2018, V.I. Kapitonov (TCSS UB
RAS 9477, ITS sequence GenBank MK522392).
Notes — As it is shown on the molecular phylogram, C. tobolensis represents a distinct species, sister to the South European C. macedonicus. Based on a megablast search of NCBIs
GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS
sequences were C. macedonicus (GenBank MH780922.1 and
MH780921.1; Identities = 671/683 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and
C. praecipuus (GenBank KY827311.1; Identities = 716/763
(94 %), 20 gaps (2 %)). The closest hits using the LSU sequence
were Crepidotus sp. PBM3237 (GenBank KT382279.1; Identities = 1367/1378 (99 %), no gaps) and C. macedonicus (GenBank MK277889.1; Identities = 1286/1290 (99 %), no gaps).
Two other closely related species are C. lutescens from China
and C. praecipuus from New Zealand. The similarities and differences of the listed taxa are summarised in the supplementary
table FP918-1.
Crepidotus tobolensis can be well distinguished only by a complex set of characters. As can be seen (supplementary table
FP918-1), it is similar to the closely related C. lutescens and
C. praecipuus by basidiomata size and rather intense yellow
pigmentation, whereas in its spore quotient to C. macedonicus.
The new species can be differentiated from these Chinese and
New Zealand species by elongated spores resembling those of
C. macedonicus. The new species differs from C. macedonicus
by smaller basidiomata with more intensely-coloured pileus
surface, paler gills when young and its ecological preferences.
The convergent morpho-anatomical similarities of C. tobolensis should also be noted to the more phylogenetically distant
European C. cesatii and North American C. croceitinctus (supplementary table FP918-1).
Supplementary material
FP918-1 Table: Differentiating characters of closely related Crepidotus
species.
Colour illustrations. Russia, Tyumen Region, Tobolsk city, Betuleto-Tremuletum variiherbosum, where the holotype was collected. Young basidiomata
(top range: isotype); mature basidiomata upperside (median range: holotype
LE 287655 left, isotype right); mature basidiomata hymenophore in field; bottom range: four various cheilocystidia; basidia in hymenium; basidiospores.
Scale bars = 5 mm (basidiomata) and 5 μm (microstructures).
FP918-2 Maximum likelihood tree of Crepidotus tobolensis sp. nov. and
closely related species. Analysis of the nrDNA ITS region was conducted
using RAxML v. 8.1.2 (Stamatakis 2014) implemented in raxmlGUI v. 1.5b2
(Silvestro & Michalak 2012). Crepidotus parietalis was chosen as outgroup.
Bootstrap support values ≥ 50 % are given at the nodes. The new species
is indicated in bold, holotypes indicated with asterisk (*).
Vladimir I. Kapitonov, Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
626152 Tobolsk, Russia; e-mail: kvi@udsu.ru
Alona Yu. Biketova, Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences,
H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; e-mail: alyona.biketova@gmail.com
Ivan V. Zmitrovich, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
e-mail: iv_zmitrovich@mail.ru
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
406
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Dendryphiella stromaticola
407
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 919 – 19 July 2019
Dendryphiella stromaticola Cantillo, Gusmão & Madrid, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the presence of stroma.
Classification — Dictyosporiaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
On natural substrate: Colonies superficial, effuse, dark brown,
releasing a yellow pigment in the substrate. Mycelium immersed, composed of smooth, subhyaline, septate, branched,
3 – 4.5 µm diam hyphae. Stromata pseudoparenchymatous,
intraepidermal to erumpent, convex, black, composed of cells
with textura globosa. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, emerging through stroma in loose groups of 3–5(–7)
conidiophores, brown, wider at the base, slightly paler at the
apex, thick, smooth or verrucose, erect, straight or slightly
flexuous, septate, sometimes branched, up to 250(– 290) µm
high, 3 –7 µm wide. Conidiogenous cells polytretic, integrated,
terminal and intercalary, verrucose near the geniculate conidiogenous zones, with 1–3 pores, 26–37 × 3–6(–7) μm. Ramoconidia rare, cylindrical with rounded ends, yellowish brown,
verruculose, 1-septate, 22.5–35 × 4–6.5 µm. Conidia cylindrical
with rounded apex, truncate or blunt at the base, (1–)3-septate, yellowish brown, verruculose to verrucose, forming short
chains, 20 – 35 × 4 – 6.5 µm, constricted at septa when older;
loci thickened, darkened and refractive.
Culture characteristics — Conidia germinated on Water Agar
(WA) within 24 h, germ tubes produced from apical and/or basal
ends, mycelium hyaline, sparse. Colonies on PDA reaching
60 mm diam after 7 d (25 °C/ daylight cycle), cottony, dark grey,
with regular margins, reverse black; diffusible pigments absent
in culture media.
ecological, molecular and morphological characters: Paradendryphiella, with marine species (Woudenberg et al. 2013)
and Neodendryphiella (Iturrieta-González et al. 2018). The
blast analysis of the ITS sequence indicates a relatively close
affinity of Dendryphiella stromaticola with D. fasciculata (GenBank MF399213, Identities = 89 %, no gaps), D. paravinosa
(GenBank NR_154012, Identities = 89 %, no gaps) and of the
LSU sequence with D. variabilis (GenBank LT963454, Identities = 97 %, no gaps); morphological differences with these
species are mainly in the size of conidia and conidiophores,
conidiophore aggrupation and the presence of stromata. Dendryphiella stromaticola is also morphologically similar to D. eucalyptorum and D. vinosa, which also produces mostly 3-septate
conidia. Dendryphiella eucalyptorum can be differenced from D.
stromaticola based on its smooth and smaller conidia (20 – 23
× 5 –7 µm) and larger conidiogenous cells (20 – 40 × 6 –10 µm).
Phylogenetically, D. stromaticola appears distinct from the exepitype sequence of D. vinosa (NBRC 32669), but based on
morphological characters, both species share many features
such as size, colour and conidial morphology, distinguished
only by the longer conidiophores in the latter species and the
absence of stromata. It has been suggested by Crous et al.
(2014) that the type species, D. vinosa, probably represents a
species complex, and Iturrieta-González et al. (2018) segregated a new species, D. variabilis, previously identified as D.
vinosa based mostly on molecular characters and the number
of septa. However, molecular data in Dendryphiella are still
scarce and available only for a few species, and so this genus
requires further phylogenetic and taxonomic revision.
Typus. BrAZil, Rio Grande do Norte, Portalegre, on small branches of
unidentified plant, S6°01' W37°59', 30 Apr. 2016, T. Cantillo (holotype HUEFS
239363, culture ex-type LAMIC 90/16, ITS and LSU sequence GenBank
MK829079 and MK156678, MycoBank MB828657).
Notes — In Dendryphiella, an accurate morphological differentiation of certain species is difficult due to overlapping sizes
of reproductive structures and the apparent lack of other taxonomically informative traits. Some species previously identified
as Dendryphiella has been segregated in two genera using
Colour illustrations. Portalegre, Rio Grande do Norte. Colonies on natural
substrate, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (colonies
in natural substrate), 30 µm (conidia and conidiogenous cell).
Phylogenetic tree inferred from Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analysis
based on LSU nrDNA sequence data. ML Bootstrap support ≥ 75 % and BI
values ≥ 0.90 are shown at the nodes. The alignment was performed with
MAFFT v. 7 and the General Time Reversible model with Gamma distribution
and invariant sites (GTR+G+I) was used as the best nucleotide substitution
model. Dendryphiella stromaticola is marked in red.
Taimy Cantillo & Luis F.P. Gusmão, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana,
Av. Transnordestina, S/N – Novo Horizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil;
e-mail: taycantillo@gmail.com & lgusmao.uefs@gmail.com
Hugo Madrid, Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor,
Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile; e-mail: hugo.madrid@umayor.cl
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
408
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Diaporthe fructicola
409
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 920 – 19 July 2019
Diaporthe fructicola Minosh., T. Ono & Hirooka, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to fruit, the substrate from which the ex-type
strain was isolated.
Classification — Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes.
Only the asexual morph formed on the surface of post-harvest
passion fruit (Passiflora edulis × P. edulis f. flavicarpa). Conidiomata pycnidial, scattered to aggregated in small groups
including two or three conidiomata, ampulliform to ellipsoidal,
up to 490 µm wide, black, lacking necks, exuding creamy
droplets from central ostioles. Conidial walls c. 57–104 µm
thick, consisting of two layers; outer layer dark brown, medium
brown, c. 8 –16 µm thick, cells forming textura angularis; inner
layer ochraceous c. 38 – 68 µm thick, cells forming textura
angularis or textura globosa. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth,
straight to slightly sinuous, unbranched, (8 –)13.5 – 21(– 26.5)
× 1– 2(– 3) μm. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, ampulliform to
subcylindrical, filiform, tapering towards the apex, collarette not
observed, (6–)9–14.5(–16.5) × 1–1.5 μm. Paraphyses lacking.
Alpha conidia aseptate, hyaline, smooth, biguttulate, fusiform to
ellipsoid, base truncate, (6 –)6.5 – 8.5(–10) × (2 –)2.5 – 3(– 3.5)
µm. Gamma conidia aseptate, hyaline, smooth, multiguttulate,
ellipsoid, base truncate, (9.5 –)10 –12(–15.5) × 2 – 2.5(– 3) µm.
Beta conidia not observed.
78
95
80
Culture characteristics — After 3 d at 25 °C, colonies 58.5 –
60.3 mm (av. 57.6 mm). Colony surface on PDA covering with
floccose mycelium, white to buff, formed in rosaceous. On MEA
covering aerial mycelium thin, buff to yellow. On OA surface
olivaceous grey to buff, central velvet.
Typus. JApAn, Tokyo, Hahajima, on fruit of Passiflora edulis × P. edulis f.
flavicarpa (Passifloraceae), June 2015, T. Ono HM15-390 (holotype TNSF-54762, culture ex-type OGC15-11 = HM15-390C = MAFF 246408, ITS,
TUB, HIS, TEF and CAL sequences GenBank LC342734, LC342736,
LC342737, LC342735 and LC342738, MycoBank MB823768)..
Notes — Four species of Diaporthe and Phomopsis, i.e.,
D. eres, D. passiflorae, D. passifloricola and Phomopsis tersa,
have been reported on Passiflora spp. (Farr & Rossman 2018).
Diaporthe fructicola has alpha and gamma conidia, whereas
D. eres, D. passifloricola and P. tersa produce only alpha
conidia (Lutchmeah 1992, Udayanga et al. 2014, Crous et al.
2016). Of the four species, Diaporthe fructicola is morphologically quite similar to D. passiflorae (Crous et al. 2012). However,
the alpha and gamma conidia of D. fructicola are much longer
than those of D. passiflorae. Based on a MegaBLAST search
of NCBIs, GenBank nucleotide database, the ITS sequence
of D. fructicola is 99 % similar to D. aspalathi (GenBank
KX769842), D. endophytica (GenBank NR_111847), D. phaseolorum (GenBank KP182390, etc.), D. masirevicii (GenBank
KY011888, etc.), D. terebinthifolii (GenBank NR_111862, etc.),
D. novem (GenBank NR_111855, etc.), D. schini (GenBank
MF185331, etc.) and P. asparagi (GenBank JQ613999). In
our five-loci phylogeny, D. fructicola was clearly distinct from
the four species as a fully supported monophyletic clade. The
results therefore indicate that D. fructicola is a distinct species.
Diaporthe ganjae CBS180.91*
D. terebinthifolii CBS 133180*
D. schini CBS 133181*
D. melonis CBS 507.78*
D. convolvuli CBS 124654
D. endophytica CBS 133811*
D. subellipicola KUMCC 17-0153*
D. masirevicii BRIP 57892a*
97
88
D. kongii BRIP 54031*
95
D. fructicola MAFF 246408*
Diaporthe fructicola
D. fructicola MAFF 246409
D. kochmanii BRIP 54033*
D. sojae CBS 139282*
98
D. ovalispora ICMP 20659*
D. passifloricola CBS 141329*
D. thunbergiicola MFLUCC 12-0033*
D.
miriciae
BRIP 54736j*
96
D. ueckerae FAU 656
D. longicolla FAU 599*
D. unshiuensis CGMCC 3.17569*
D. tectonendophytica MFLUCC 13-0471*
D. batatas CBS 122.21
D. vexans CBS 127.14
D. hordei CBS 481.92
D. helianthi CBS 592.81*
D. acaciarum CBS 138862*
D. middletonii BRIP 54884e*
D. sackstonii BRIP 54669b*
D. serafiniae BRIP 55665a*
D. beilharziae BRIP 54792*
D. infecunda CBS 133812*
D. pyracanthae CBS 142384*
82
D. lusitanicae CBS 123212*
D. cuppatea CBS 117499*
D. phaseolorum CBS 139281*
77
D. novem CBS 127270*
D. arctii CBS 136.25*
98
76
D. neoarctii CBS 109490*
D. cichorii MFLUCC 17-1023*
77
D. acericola MFLUCC 17-0956*
98
D. schoeni MFLU 15-1279*
77
D. angelicae CBS 111592*
D. gulyae BRIP 54025*
D. stewartii CBS 193.36
D. cucurbitae DAOM 42078*
75
D. subordinaria CBS 101711
D. ambigua CBS 114015*
0.03
D. sclerotioides CBS 296.67*
Colour illustrations. Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis × P. edulis f. flavicarpa)
growing in Hahajima. Fruit rot of passion fruit; conidiomata on fruit; conidiophore and conidiogenous cells; alpha conidia; gamma conidia; colonies on
PDA, OA and MEA. Scale bars = 1 mm, 200 µm and 100 µm (conidiomata),
10 µm (conidiophore), 5 µm (conidia).
Phylogenetic tree of the combined ITS, TEF, TUB, HIS and CAL MAFFTaligned datasets obtained using maximum likelihood. A heuristic search
was performed in RAxML v. 0.6.0 with support at the nodes calculated using
bootstrap analyses with 100 replicates. The new species is indicated by bold
text and highlight, * = ex-type strain. The ML bootstrap values ≥ 75 % are
indicated at the nodes. Fully supported branches are indicated with thickened
lines. Diaporthe ambigua (CBS 114015) and D. sclerotioides (CBS 296.67)
were used as outgroup.
Ayaka Minoshima, Hanh. H. Truong & Yuuri Hirooka, Department of Clinical Plant Science, Faculty of Bioscience, Hosei University,
3-7-2 Kajino-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan;
e-mail: ayakaminoshima45@gmail.com, truonghonghanh24@gmail.com & yuurihirooka@hosei.ac.jp
Tsuyoshi Ono, Ogasawara Subtropical Branch of Tokyo Metropolitan Agriculture and Forestry Research Center,
Komagari, Chichijima, Ogasawara, Tokyo, Japan; e-mail: Tsuyoshi_Ono@member.metro.tokyo.jp
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
410
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Entoloma nipponicum
411
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 921 – 19 July 2019
Entoloma nipponicum T. Kasuya, Nabe, Noordel. & Dima, sp. nov.
Etymology. The epithet refers to Nippon (Japan), the origin of the new
species.
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata small, collybioid. Pileus 10 – 50 mm diam, initially
hemispherical to hemispheric-convex expanding to convex to
planoconvex with a depressed to umbilicate centre, not hygrophanous, not translucently striate, light orange to greyish red
with a darker centre, often with lilac to dark blue tinge near
margin, entirely fibrillose or minutely squamulose, sometimes
radially splitting with age. Lamellae subdistant, white or creamcolour at first, then flesh coloured, edges serrulate and flocculose, concolorous or sometimes with dark blue tinge. Stipe
25 – 60 × 3 – 5 mm, almost cylindrical, sometimes slightly thickened at base, rarely somewhat twisted, pale orange or whitish
to grey towards base, sometimes with slight blue-green tinge,
smooth, almost polished, white tomentose at base. Context
thin, concolorous with surface, odour and taste indistinct. Basidiospores 8 –11(–12) × 6.5 – 8 μm (n = 50, mounted in water),
Q = 1.07–1.42, 6–9-angled in side view. Basidia 25–39 × 7–10
μm (excluding sterigmata), clavate, 4-spored, without clamp
connections. Lamella edge of serrulatum-type. Cheilocystidia
32–63 × 7–18 μm, clustered densely, cylindrical to subfusiform
or sublageniform, sometimes septate, often with violaceus blue,
granular intracellular pigment. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis a trichoderm composed of hyphae 4 –10 μm across with
inflated terminal elements, 15 – 30 μm; intracellular pigments
pink to brown with violet tinges. Stipitipellis a cutis of 4 – 8 μm
wide hyphae, made up of cylindrical hyphae with granular dark
blue intracellular pigment, terminal cells often differentiated,
clavate, particularly in apical part. Clamp connections absent.
Habitat & Distribution — Growing solitary, scattered or gregarious on the ground among leaf litter or grass. Known only
from Japan.
Typus. JApAn, Hyogo Pref., Kobe-shi, Kita-ku, Yamada-cho, Shimotanigami, N34°46'2.88" E135°9'53.11", among leaf litter in mixed forest of
Cryptomeria japonica and Acer spp., 29 June 2016, M. Nabe (holotype TNSF-70747, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK693223 and MK696392,
MycoBank MB830303).
Additional materials examined. JApAn, Chiba Pref., Tonosho-machi, Awano,
among leaf litter in bamboo grove (Phyllostachys spp.), 7 July 2015, T. Kasuya, TNS-F-70746, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK693222 and
MK696391; Kyoto Pref., Kyoto-shi, Kita-ku, Kyoto University Kamigamo
Experimental Station, among leaf litter of Sequoia sempervirens, 13 June
2018, M. Nabe, TNS-F-70748; Nara Pref., Kashihara-shi, Kashihara-jingu,
among leaf litter in bamboo grove (Phyllostachys spp.), 17 June 2018,
M. Nabe, TNS-F-70749; Okayama Pref., Shouo-cho, Oka, among grass, 8
July 2017, M. Nabe, TNS-F-70751.
Notes — Entoloma nipponicum forms a distinct clade in our
phylogram where it clusters in the serrulatum clade of subg.
Cyanula, together with species from Europe, China and North
America. It is characterised by a serrulatum-type, blue pigmented lamella edge. Distinctive characters of E. nipponicum
are the rather light coloured fruiting bodies with predominantly
yellow-orange to greyish red pileus. As such it reminds of Entoloma catalaunicum from Europe, described with a pinkish red
pileus and blue stipe, which, however, comes in a distant phylogenetic position outside the serrulatum clade. Blue tinges, so
eminent in the European E. serrulatum and E. querquedula, are
almost lacking in E. nipponicum. Entoloma subcaesiocinctum
from China has a browner coloured pileus and a fibrous stipe
(He et al. 2017). Entoloma subserrulatum from North America
has a more yellowish grey pileus, and a pallid, almost white
stipe (Noordeloos 2008).
99
E. nipponicum TNS-F70747 (MK693223) holotype
E. nipponicum TNS-F70746 (MK693222)
89
E. querquedula (LN850627)
Entoloma sp. (JN021017)
79
E. subserrulatum (KY744177)
67
86
E. subcaesiocinctum (KY711236)
89
E. serrulatum (KC898447)
E. catalaunicum (UDB011680)
E. indutoides (UDB015261)
E. inocephalum (KC898449)
0.05
Colour illustrations. Japan, Hyogo Pref., Kobe-shi, Kita-ku, Yamada-cho,
Shimo-tanigami, type locality. Holotype TNS-F-70747: pileipellis; cheilocystidia; spores; basidiomata. Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (pileipellis,
spores and cheilocystidia).
Phylogenetic tree derived from Maximum Likelihood analysis based on
nrITS1-5.8S-ITS2 data. Analysis was performed in PhyML v. 3.0 (Guindon
et al. 2010) using the non-parametric Shimodaira-Hasegawa version of the
approximate likelihood-ratio test (SH-aLRT) and the GTR+I+Г model of
evolution. ML bootstrap support values > 60 % are shown at the nodes. Sequences of the new species generated for this study are highlighted in bold.
Taiga Kasuya, Department of Biology, Keio University, 4-1-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama,
Kanagawa 223-8521, Japan; e-mail: tkasuya@cis.ac.jp
Michiyo Nabe, 2-2-1, Sakuragaoka-nakamachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2226, Japan;
e-mail: forest@phoenix-foundation.jp
Machiel Evert Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;
e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C,
H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
412
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Entoloma ekaterinae
413
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 922 – 19 July 2019
Entoloma ekaterinae O.V. Morozova, Noordel., K. Nara, Dima & Brandrud, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named in honour of Ekaterina Malysheva, Russian agaricologist, known particularly as an investigator of the mycobiota of Far East and
collector of the type specimen of this species.
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata small to medium-sized, collybioid. Pileus 10 – 25
mm diam, conico-convex soon expanding to plano-convex with
flat to slightly depressed centre, with deflexed then straight
margin, hygrophanous, translucently striate almost up to the
centre, at first densely covered with dark blue squamules
(20D5 –7, 20E5 –7, 21D5 –7, 21E6 – 8; Kornerup & Wanscher
1978), moving apart with age, showing light greyish blue background between them and stripes (21B3 – 4, 21C3 – 5). Lamellae moderately distant, adnate-emarginate, ventricose, whitish,
becoming pink, with entire concolorous edge. Stipe 30 –70
× 1.5 – 2 mm, cylindrical, smooth, polished, dark blue, concolorous with the pileus (20D5 –7, 20E5 –7, 21D5 –7), white
tomentose at base. Context white, greyish under the surface.
Smell indistinct, taste not reported. Basidiospores 8 –10(–11)
× (5.5 –)6.5 –7(– 8) μm, Q = (1.2 –)1.4 –1.5(–1.6), heterodiametrical, with 5–6 angles in side-view, relatively simple. Basidia
25 – 31 × 7.5 –12.5 μm, 4-spored, narrowly clavate to clavate,
clampless. Cheilocystidia 19 – 39 × 5 –18 μm, broadly clavate,
79
subglobose or sphaeropedunculate, sometimes septate, with
several cylindrical or lageniform cells, not pigmented, forming
sterile lamellae edge. Pileipellis cutis of cylindrical hyphae 2 –7
μm broad with bundles of rising hyphae with globose to broadly
clavate terminal elements (26–39 × 18–25 μm), forming squamules and central disk of pileus. Clamp connections absent.
Habitat & Distribution — In small groups on soil in Quercus
mongolica forest and along the road in mixed forest of Quercus
mongolica, Acer mono, Tilia amurensis, Pinus koreana, or in
perennial herbaceous shrubs dominated by Fallopia japonica,
some other Poaceae and Asteraceae plants. Known from Russia (Far East) and Japan.
Typus. ruSSiA, Primorsky Krai, Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve, vicinities of
Blagodatnoye, N44.956033° E136.535133°, 15 Aug. 2013, E. Malysheva
(holotype LE312053, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK693215 and
MK733926, MycoBank MB830279).
Additional materials examined. JApAn, Fuji Mt, Gotenba, Shizuoka prefecture, N35.339128° E138.791317°, 15 Sept. 2000, K. Nara (TNS-F-88377,
as Entoloma sp. No242 (Kinoshita et al. 2012), ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank AB692002 and AB692011). – ruSSiA, Primorsky Krai, SikhoteAlin Nature Reserve, vicinities of Maisa, N45.238833° E136.511117°, 22
Aug. 2013, O. Morozova (LE312054, LE312055, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MK693216, MK693217 and MK733927, MK733928).
Notes — Entoloma ekaterinae is characterised by the entirely delicate-blue basidiomata, by the initially uniformly coloured
pileus, which becomes distinctly translucently striate with dark
E. erhardii DMS-450924 (MK693220)
squamules on a paler greyish blue background with age, and
99 E. erhardii LE312051 (MK693218) holotype
the trichodermal nature of the squamules, composed of globose
E. erhardii DMS-675991 (MK693221)
elements. Microscopically, the sterile lamella edge composed
E. erhardii LE312052 (MK693219)
of dense layer of clavate to subglobose and sphaeropedunculate cystidia is distinctive but, especially, in young specimens
Entoloma sp. (EF619690)
they can be mixed with cylindrical and lageniform cystidia.
68 E. chalybeum (KC898445)
Entoloma subcaesiellum, described from the same region, is
Entoloma sp. (MG966312)
very similar morphologically, differing mainly in pileipellis struc92
E. subcaesiellum LE253776 (MK693224) holotype ture (Noordeloos & Morozova 2010), but phylogenetically it is
distinct. According to the molecular data, Entoloma ekaterinae
Entoloma sp. (AF335439)
belongs to the /chalybeum subclade of the /Cyanula clade.
E. cf. foliocontusum (KX574457)
E. ekaterinae LE312053 (MK693215) holotype
99
E. ekaterinae LE312055 (MK693217)
E. ekaterinae LE312054 (MK693216)
E. ekaterinae TNS-F-88377 (AB692002)
E. subcorvinum (KY744169)
99
E. nigrovelutinum (MF898426)
Entoloma sp. (KP012818)
E. atricolor (KY777498)
0.05
Phylogenetic tree derived from a Maximum Likelihood analysis based on
nrITS1-5.8S-ITS2 data. Analysis performed in PhyML v. 3.0 (Guindon et al.
2010) using the non-parametric Shimodaira-Hasegawa version of the approximate likelihood-ratio test (SH-aLRT) and the GTR+I+Г model of evolution.
ML bootstrap support values > 60 % shown at the nodes. Sequences of the
new species generated for this study are highlighted in bold.
Colour illustrations. Russia, Primorski Territory, Sikhote-Alin Nature
Reserve, Maisa River. Spores, cheilocystidia, basidiomata (from holotype);
basidioma (LE312054). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 10 µm (spores and
cheilocystidia).
Olga V. Morozova, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376,
2 Prof. Popov Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: OMorozova@binran.ru
Machiel Evert Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517,
2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
Kazuhide Nara, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha,
Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563, Japan; e-mail: nara@k.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University,
Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
Tor Erik Brandrud, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Gaustadalléen 21,
NO-0349 Oslo, Norway; e-mail: tor.brandrud@nina.no
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
414
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Entoloma erhardii
415
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 923 – 19 July 2019
Entoloma erhardii Noordel., Dima, Svetash., Læssøe & Kehlet, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named in honour of Erhard Ludwig (1938–2019), mycologist
and master painter, remembered for his monumental Pilzkompendium.
Classification — Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata medium-sized, collybioid. Pileus 10–35 mm diam,
conico-convex soon expanding to plano-convex with convex or
slightly umbilicate centre, with deflexed then straight or reflexed
margin, not hygrophanous, not translucently striate or in the cap
margin only, initially uniformly coloured blackish blue, blackish
indigo (19F6 –7, 19F5 – 8; Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), discolouring to bluish grey (18E3 – 5, 19E3 – 5) or with a violet tinge,
minutely radially fibrillose-tomentose all over, metallic-shining
when drying. Lamellae moderately distant, adnate-emarginate,
segmentiform to narrowly ventricose, white, contrasting with the
pileus surface, becoming pink, with irregular, concolorous or
brown edge. Stipe 30 –70 × 1.5 – 3 mm, cylindrical, sometimes
compressed with longitudinal groove, smooth, polished or
minutely longitudinally striate, concolorous with pileus or paler
(up to 19D3 – 5, 19E5 –7) or tinged in green, white tomentose
at base. Context white, greyish under the surface. Smell distinct, like flowers, pleasant, taste not reported. Basidiospores
(9 –)9.5 –10(–12) × (5.5 –)6 – 6.5(–7) μm, Q = (1.4–)1.5(–1.7),
heterodiametrical, with 5 – 6 angles in side-view, relatively simple. Basidia 36–49.5 × 9.5–10.5 μm, 4-spored, narrowly clavate
to clavate, clampless. Lamella edge either heterogeneous or
sterile, and then of the serrulatum-type, with or without brown
intracellular pigment. Cheilocystidia 33 – 85 × 5 –14.5 μm, cylindrical, lageniform, fusiform or irregularly clavate, sometimes
septate with or without brown intracellular pigment. Pileipellis
cutis with transition to a trichoderm of cylindrical to slightly inflated hyphae 10 – 20 μm wide with inflated terminal elements
and dark intracellular pigment, brownish in KOH. Caulocystidia
absent. Clamp connections absent.
Habitat & Distribution — In small groups on soil in alpine
and subalpine grasslands and also in damp woodland on rich
black soil. Known from Russia (Caucasus) and Denmark.
Notes — Entoloma erhardii is nested within the /chalybeum
subclade of the /Cyanula clade (data not shown). Members of
the /chalybeum subclade are characterised by the entirely blue
basidiocarps with not or hardly striate pileus, lamellae with sterile edge, and polished or at most finely striate stipe. Entoloma
erhardii is distinguished by rather uniformly coloured bluish
black not translucently striate pileus with contrasting white lamellae, concolorous or greenish stipe and mostly sterile lamella
edge with differentiated cheilocystidia. It can be distinguished
from E. chalybeum by the darker basidiomata, white lamellae
(lamellae of E. chalybeum are bluish), and smaller spores
(Noordeloos 1992). The macro- and microscopical features of
E. erhardii resemble those of E. corvinum, except for the smaller
spores. Current research on the phylogeny of Cyanula species
reveals that E. corvinum based on a morphological species
concept covers several distantly related more or less cryptic
taxa. Entoloma porphyrogriseum, which is almost pure black in
youth, can be differentiated by the strong brownish or purplish
brown discoloration when maturing, initially distinctly fibrillose
stem (Noordeloos 1987), and is phylogenetically distant (data
not shown).
See tree in Fungal Planet 922.
Typus. ruSSiA, Karachaevo-Cherkesia Republic, Teberda Nature Reserve,
Klukhor pass, N43.252741° E41.857758°, asl ± 2700 m, 23 Aug. 2012,
T. Svetasheva (holotype LE312051, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank
MK693218 and MK733924, MycoBank MB830278).
Additional materials examined. denMArk, Sjælland, Eskebjerg Vesterlyng, Mareskov, 22 July 2012, T. Kehlet, DMS-450924, C, ITS sequence
GenBank MK693220; Sjælland, Helvigstrup Skov, 1 Sept. 2014, T. Kehlet &
T. Læssøe, DMS-675991, C, ITS sequence GenBank MK693221. – ruSSiA,
Karachaevo-Cherkesia Republic, Teberda Nature Reserve, Malaya Khatipara
Mt, N43.445828° E41.712153°, asl ± 2500 m, 16 Aug. 2009, O. Morozova,
LE312052, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK693219 and MK733925.
Colour illustrations. Russia, Karachaevo-Cherkesia Republic, Teberda
Nature Reserve, Klukhor pass, type locality. Spores, cheilocystidia, basidiomata (from holotype); basidiomata (DMS-675991). Scale bars = 1 cm
(basidiomata), 10 µm (spores and cheilocystidia).
Machiel E. Noordeloos, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P.O. Box 9517,
2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; e-mail: m.noordeloos@mac.com
Bálint Dima, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C,
H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: cortinarius1@gmail.com
Tatyana Svetasheva, Biology and Technologies of Living Systems Department, Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University,
125 Lenin av., 300026 Tula, Russia; e-mail: foxtail_svett@mail.ru
Thomas Læssøe & Thomas Kehlet, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen,
Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark; e-mail: thomasl@bio.ku.dk & thomas.kehlet@jubii.dk
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
416
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Hygrocybe rodomaculata
417
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 924 – 19 July 2019
Hygrocybe rodomaculata A. Barili, C.W. Barnes & Ordoñez, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects the colour of the pileus.
Classification — Hygrophoraceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata stipitate, pileus 45 mm diam, conical to flattened,
with umbo, surface glabrous, dry, sericeous, margin entire,
sinuose, undulate, rimose, fragile texture, whitish with orange
and pink tones towards the centre. Lamellae broadly adnate,
thick, ventricose, distant, with decurrent teeth or emarginate,
anastomosed, sometimes forked, ochre yellow with whitish
parts, edge entire. Stipe central, 120 × 10 mm, whitish with pink
spots towards the apex, ochre at the centre and whitish at the
base, cylindrical sinuose, hollow, fragile, glabrous. Pileipellis as
a cutis, short cylindrical hyphae 52 × 8 µm with simple septa,
clamp connections present. Gill trama irregular. Basidia 41–70 ×
4–9 µm, clavate, very elongate, 4-spored, sometime with basal
clamp, sterigmata elongate 5.5–9.5 µm. Basidiospores 7.5–10
× 5 –7 µm, mainly ellipsoid, some oblong, smooth, hyaline,
cyanophilic, non-amyloid, weakly metachromatic. Q = 1.3–1.7.
Habitat — Gregarious on the ground in humid montane forest.
Typus. ecuAdor, Zamora Chinchipe province, Yacuri National Park, alt.
3234 m, May 2015, A. Barili (holotype QCAM5904, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MK684225 and MK684352, MycoBank MB830309).
Colour illustrations. Yacuri National Park, Ecuador. Basidiocarp; nonmature basidia with basal clamp; basidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Notes — Hygrocybe rodomaculata belongs to the section
Coccinae, considering pink as a discoloration of the characteristic red pileic surface of the group, with a dry or somewhat
viscous stipe (Boccardo et al. 2008). The closest species based
on morphological characters, according to Boertmann (2008)
and Boccardo et al. (2008), is H. calyptriformis. However, it
differs from H. rodomaculata by the pointed umbo, absence of
yellow colour of the stipe and is non-radicate. In addition, H. calyptriformis belongs to the section Microspore whose distinctive
feature is spore dimensions below 9 µm, while H. rodomaculata
exceeds this size. The closest species determined by DNA
sequence analysis was H. reidii, which is distinguished mainly
by not having an umbo, by the slightly felted, scaly and uniform
colouration, gills more or less decurrent, a proportionally shorter
stipe, slightly smaller basidiospores, and characteristic honey
odour.
A megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database
using the full ITS sequence showed that the holotype of H. rodomaculata was distinct from other species presently available for
the genus. The first five hits were Hygrocybe aff. reidii (GenBank KF291196), Hygrocybe sp. (GenBank HM020688), Hygrocybe sp. (GenBank HM020687), Hygrocybe sp. (GenBank
HM020686) and H. pucicia (GenBank HM020682); all with
Identities = 564 /627 (90 %) and 26 gaps (4 %). The top five
sequences from the blast search aligned perfectly within the ITS
region. The ITS phylogenetic tree includes the top 20 megablast
hits for the H. rodomaculata sequence.
The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Maximum Likelihood plugin
PHYML in Geneious R9 (http://www.geneious.com; Kearse et al. 2012), and
the substitution model determined by jModelTest (Posada 2008) according to
the Corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc). Hygrocybe reidii (GenBank
KF291194) is the outgroup based on the megablast search results. Bootstrap
support values > 70 % are given above branches. The phylogenetic position
of H. rodomaculata is indicated in bold. The species name is followed by the
GenBank accession number, and when the country of origin was indicated,
the three letter United Nations country code was used, in order of appearance USA: United States of America; ECU: Ecuador; GBR: United Kingdom.
Samples ending with KEW are from Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, England.
TreeBASE Submission ID 24152.
Maria E. Ordoñez, Alessio Barili & Charles W. Barnes, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador,
Av. 12 de octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador; e-mail: meordonez@puce.edu.ec, alessiobarili@hotmail.com & cbarnes333b@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
418
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Inocybe grammatoides
419
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 925 – 19 July 2019
Inocybe grammatoides Esteve-Rav., Pancorbo & E. Rubio, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to its resemblance to Inocybe grammata.
Classification — Inocybaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata agaricoid and stipitate. Pileus 15 – 55 mm, at first
conical-campanulate, then convex to plano-convex, broadly umbonate to subumbonate, slightly hygrophanous; margin straight,
regular to hardly wavy with age, fissurate at times, surface usually covered by a dense whitish velipellis; colour pinkish grey
(Mu 5YR 5/2, 6/2) when young or moistened, to light grey or
very pale brown (Mu 10YR 7/1-3) when drying, uniform; surface radially fibrillose, smooth, not rimose towards the margin,
sticky when humid, often agglutinating soil remains. Lamellae
moderately crowded (L = 34–40; l = 1–2), adnexed to emarginate, ventricose, initially whitish, becoming pale grey to beige,
then light brown, edge paler to concolorous with age, finely
crenulate. Stipe 30 – 65 × 5 –10 mm, straight to curved towards
base, cylindrical, clavate to subbulbous, but never distinctly
bulbous to marginately bulbous; colour often distinctly pinkish
(Mu 5YR 6/3 – 4) at the apex or upper half, whitish becoming
beige to ochraceous (Mu 10YR 8/2; 7/3) towards the lower
half with age or when handled; surface densely pruinose at
the upper half, becoming sparsely pruinose towards the base.
Cortina not seen. Context fibrose, whitish, pinkish at the upper part of the stipe. Smell intense and penetrating, aromatic,
reminiscent of elder flowers (Sambucus nigra), sometimes
with a subspermatic component, taste not recorded. Spores
(7.3 –)7.4 – 8.7–10.1(–10.8) × (4.5 –)5.1– 5.8 – 6.6(–7.1) µm,
Qm = (1.2 –)1.3 –1.5 –1.7(–1.9) (n = 236 / N = 4), heterodiametric, polygonal-subrectangular under the optical microscope
(‘entolomatoid’), at times provided with 1–5 low knobs (–0.5 µm
high), yellowish, apicula distinct. Basidia 27– 37 × 7.5 –10 µm,
4-spored, rarely 2-spored, clavate, sterigmata 3.5 – 6 µm long.
Lamella edge heterogeneous, composed by dispersed protruding cheilocystidia mixed with abundant hyaline, clavate paracystidia. Pleurocystidia abundant, (49.1–)55.9 –66.7–78(– 88)
× (10.4 –)12.1–16.3 – 22.3(– 25) µm, Qm = (2.67–)2.87–4.2 –
5.38(– 6.05) (n = 118 / N = 3), narrowly utriform to fusiform,
rarely sublageniform, hyaline, base often pedicellate, crystalliferous at the apex, walls (1–)1.11–1.6 – 2.23(– 3.01) µm thick,
pale to moderately yellowish in 10 % NH4OH. Cheilocystidia
similar in size and shape to pleurocystidia. Stipitipellis a cutis
bearing numerous caulocystidia, more scattered towards the
base, similar in shape and size to hymenial cystidia, mixed with
clavate to broadly clavate hyaline paracystidia. Pileipellis a cutis
formed by parallel cylindrical cells, 3 – 8 µm wide, broader (–18
µm) towards a hardly differentiated subcutis, showing minute
pale intracellular pigment, slightly gelified. Clamp connections
abundant in all tissues.
Habitat & Distribution — Gregarious in both basic and acidic
soils; found in natural environments, such as deciduous humid
forests.
Colour illustrations. Spain, Asturias, Ribadedeva, Pimiango, in Quercus
ilex subsp. ilex forest, same locality as the holotype was collected. From top
to bottom: basidiospores; pleurocystidia; caulocystidia; basidiomata (bottom
right). Scale bars = 10 µm (spores), 50 µm (cystidia).
Typus. SpAin, Asturias, Ribadedeva, Pimiango, N43°23'48" W4°31'39",
39 m alt., in humus of very humid Quercus ilex subsp. ilex forest, with Crataegus monogyna shrub in calcareous soil, 26 Nov. 2016, P. Zapico (holotype
AH 46618, isotype ERD-6897, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK480531
and MK480524, MycoBank MB829589).
Additional materials examined. itAly, Piamonte, Novara, city of Novara, in
a garden area under Pinus strobus, 9 Sept. 2000, E. Ferrari, EF 46/2000, ITS
and LSU sequences GenBank MK480530 and MK480523. – SpAin, Valencia,
Pinet, Pla de El Surar, in humus of Quercus suber forest in decarbonated
soil, 6 Dec. 1993, R. Mahiques & F.D. Calonge, H 15714, ITS sequence
GenBank MK480529; Esteve-Raventós & Calonge (1996: 293, as Inocybe
olida).
Notes — Colour codes are taken from Munsell (1994), terminology follows Kuyper (1986) and Vellinga (1988). Inocybe
grammatoides differs from I. grammata in the absence of a
marginate bulb in the stipe, which may be cylindrical, claviform
or sometimes subbulbous; most collections of I. grammatoides
show more slender cystidia (Qm = 4.2; Qm = 3.7 in I. grammata) with a thinner wall (em = 1.6; em = 2.5 in I. grammata);
the sporal characteristics of both species appear overlapping.
According to the data, I. grammatoides behaves as a mesophilic
species, usually associated with Quercus (Fagaceae) and other
broad-leaved trees in humid and warm environments; part of the
records of I. albodisca in Moënne-Loccoz et al. (1990), seem
to correspond to I. grammatoides (record n° 87114, Tab.151
bottom left). Inocybe grammata is a common species in boreal
and circumboreal areas, associated with coniferous and birch
forests in Europe and Eastern North America; it extends to the
hyperhumid mountain enclaves of southern Europe, often associated with birch, but also with conifers. Inocybe albodisca,
originally collected from coniferous forests in North Elba (Essex
County, Eastern USA), appears to correspond morphologically
to I. grammata (Moënne-Loccoz et al. 1990, Vauras 1997,
Matheny pers. comm.).
Genetically, I. grammatoides is closely related (99 % ITS rDNA
similarity) with the type specimen of I. acriolens (WTU:AU10493,
GenBank NR_153186), although it probably represents an independent taxon because of the lack of significant phylogenetic
support for a monophyletic origin and, morphologically, by the
different spores, the latter containing distinct knobs. In addition,
I. grammatoides has a 98 % BLAST identity with European
sequences of I. grammata (Osmundson et al. 2013, Vauras &
Larsson 2016 unpubl. data, as well as those produced for the
present work from specimens AH 22127, AH 15662 and AH
47717). The isotype of I. permucida and a paratype of I. grammata var. chamaesalicis are not significantly different from
other sequences of I. grammata. Besides, several sequences
of I. grammata coming from North America probably represent
different species (see phylogram).
Supplementary material
FP925-1 Table: Collections used in the molecular phylogenetic analyses,
with voucher information and GenBank accession numbers for ITS and
LSU regions. The GenBank accessions of sequences generated in this
study are in bold.
FP925-2 Collections studied by the authors are indicated in bold in the
phylogenetic tree for ITS and LSU sequences; type collections are annotated.
Country of origin for each collection is given using ISO 3166/2 country codes.
Fernando Esteve-Raventós, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Area de Botánica), Universidad de Alcalá,
28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; e-mail: fernando.esteve@uah.es
Fermín Pancorbo, Pintores de El Paular 25, 28740 Rascafría, Madrid, Spain; e-mail: fpmaza@gmail.com
Enrique Rubio, C/ José Cueto 3 – 5ºB, 33401 Avilés, Asturias, Spain; e-mail: enrirubio@asturnatura.com
Pablo Alvarado, ALVALAB, Avda. de Bruselas 2-3B, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; e-mail: pablo.alvarado@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
420
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Kazachstania molopis
421
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 926 – 19 July 2019
Kazachstania molopis Gouliamova, R.A. Dimitrov, sp. nov.
Notes — In our previous article we determined the lower
and upper bounds for the range of species discrimination in
the Kazachstania clade based on sequence identity value
(SI) and distance between physiological profiles (DPP): SI
(98.5–83.7 %) and DPP (8–18) (Dimitrov & Gouliamova 2019).
A phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS and LSU sequences
placed the new strain IMB 4R on a separate branch between K. viticola and K. kunashiriensis. Pairwise analysis of sequences
in a multiple alignment showed that the new strains show
87.95 % identity (847 identical nt., 90 nt subst., 123 gaps) with
K. kunashiriensis and 85.49 % identity (884 identical nt., 137
subst., 138 gaps) with K. viticola. The new strains can be differentiated from both K. kunashiriensis and K. viticola based
on 14 common physiological characteristics. The new species
can assimilate L-sorbose, D-ribose, sucrose, maltose, α-methylD-glucoside, cellobiose, salicin, arbutin, melezitose, soluble
starch, ribitol, D-glucitol, 2-keto-D-gluconate and quinic acid.
It cannot grow in the presence of 10 % NaCl. In addition the
new species can be differentiated from K. viticola based on its
ability to assimilate α,α-trehalose and its inability to assimilate
D-gluconate and growth in the presence of 15 % NaCl. The new
species differ from K. kunashiriensis based on its inability to
assimilate L-lysine. The obtained SI and DPP data for the new
strain IMB 4R fall within the limits for species discrimination of
the Kazachstania clade. Thus, based on our results we propose
a new yeast species, Kazachstania molopis, to accommodate
Bulgarian yeast strains IMB 4R and IMB 4 (100 % SI in both
ITS and LSU sequences). So far, only three species of Kazachstania were isolated from insects. A strain of K. spencerorum
was isolated from larva of a Psychidae moth (Lepidoptera)
collected from an acacia tree (South Africa) (CBS database).
Three strains of K. intestinalis were isolated from the gut of the
passalid beetle, O. disjunctus, collected from rotten oak tree
(Virginia, USA) (Suh & Zhou 2011). Recently two strains of
K. chrysolinae were isolated from the guts of Chrysolinae polita
in Bulgaria (Gouliamova & Dimitrov unpubl. data).
Etymology. mo-lo-pis, referring to the host beetle Molops piceus (Carabidae) from which two new strains were isolated.
Classification — Saccharomycetaceae, Saccharomycetales,
Saccharomycetes.
After 7 d at 25 °C in 5 % glucose broth, the cells are ovoid to ellipsoidal, 2–4 × 4–7 μm, occurring singly or in clusters. Asexual
reproduction occurs by multilateral budding. Poorly developed
pseudohyphae can be present. After 7 d at 25 °C on YPGA
(yeast extract, pepton, glucose agar) the colony is cream, butyrous, glistening, convex and with an entire margin. Dalmau
plate culture after 10 d on morphology agar did not show pseudohyphae or true hyphae. Sexual reproduction was detected
on yeast extract, malt extract, peptone, glucose (YM) and
McClary acetate agar. Conjugation between independent cells
was observed. Asci contained one to four globose ascospores.
Fermentation — Glucose and galactose are fermented.
Sucrose, maltose, lactose and raffinose are not fermented.
Carbon assimilation — D-glucose, D-galactose, L-sorbose,
D-ribose, sucrose, maltose, α,α-trehalose, α-methyl-D-glucoside, cellobiose (delayed), salicin, arbutin (delayed), melezitose,
soluble starch, glycerol, ribitol, D-glucitol, D-mannitol, D-glucono 1,5-lactone, 2-keto-D-gluconate (delayed), ethanol, quinic
acid are assimilated. D-xylose, D-arabinose, D-glucosamine,
L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, melibiose, raffinose, lactose, inulin,
meso-erythritol, myo-inositol, xylitol, D-gluconate, D-glucuronate, D-galacturonate, succinate, citrate, DL-lactate, methanol,
propane 1,2 diol, butane 2,3 diol, galactonic acid, galactitol,
galactonic acid and saccharate are not assimilated.
Nitrogen assimilation — Nitrate, nitrite, ethylamine, creatine,
creatinine, L-lysine, cadaverine and imidazole are not assimilated.
Other tests — Starch formation test is negative. Growth in
10 % is negative. Growth in 0.01 % is negative. Growth in 50 %
glucose is negative. Urea hydrolysis and DBB reaction tests are
negative. Growth without all vitamins test is negative. Growth
at 25 °C is positive. Growth at 30 °C is negative.
Typus. BulgAriA, Nature park Zlatni Pyasatsi from the gut of beetle Molops
piceus (Carabidae, Coleoptera) collected in oak forest under fallen tree trunk,
23 – 24 Apr. 2009, D. Gouliamova (holotype IMB 4R preserved in metabolically inactive state, ex-type cultures NBIMCC 9029 and CBS 12448; ITS
and D1/D2 LSU sequences GenBank KC118123 and KC878454, MycoBank
MB802456)
Additional material examined. BulgAriA, same details as type, IMB4 =
NBIMCC 9028 = CBS 12566, ITS and D1/D2 LSU sequences GenBank
HM627145 and HM627092.
78
95
100
100
65
100
86
70
56
91
Kazachstania lodderae CBS 2757T AY046160_U68551
Kazachstania piceae CBS 7738T AY046159_AF399767
Kazachstania rosinii NRRLY 17919T AY046158_U84232
Kazachstania hellenica CBS 107045T EF620862_EF620861
70
Kazachstania zonata NBRC 100504T EU075199_AB198187
Kazachstania gamospora NBRC 11056T EU075198_AB0873
Kazachstania africana NRRLY 8276T AY046155-AY048159
92
98
Kazachstania spencerorum DBVPG 6746T D89898_U84227
Kluyveromyces hubeiensis AS2 1536T AY325966_AY325967
Kazachstania martiniae NRRLY 409T AY046157_AY881651
Kazachstania viticola NRRLY 27206T AY046162_AF398482
Kazachstania molopis IMB4RT KC118123 _KC878454
Kazachstania kunashirensis CBS7662T KY103649_KY107927
Kazachstania psyhrophila CBS 12679T JX656699_JX564243
Kazachstania intestinalis ATCC MYA 4658T HQ260334_HQ260337
Kazachstania humilis NRRLY 17074T AY046174_AF399778
Kazachstania pseudohumilis CBS 11404T FJ888526
0.005
Colour illustrations. Krushuna Waterfalls, Bulgaria. Molops piceus (Photo
credit: Ruslan Panin, http://carabidae.org); bottom to top: morphology of
cells of Kazachstania molopis IMB4RT in 5 % glucose broth after 1 wk; asci
with ascospores in YM agar. Scale bars = 5 μm (cell morphology), 10 μm
(ascospores).
Phylogenetic tree obtained by the analysis of combined ITS and LSU rDNA
sequences of Kazachstania molopis IMB 4RT and related species using a
neighbour-joining method (Kimura two-parameter model; MEGA v. 7; 100
bootstrap replicates). Kazachstania humilis and K. pseudohumilis represent
an outgroup species. GenBank accession numbers of ITS and LSU rDNA
sequences are presented on the tree.
Dilnora E. Gouliamova, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,
26 Acad. Georgi Bonchev, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; e-mail: dilnorag@gmail.com
Roumen A. Dimitrov, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases,
26 Yanko Sakazov blvd, Sofia 1504, Bulgaria; e-mail: roumen.dimitrov@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
422
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Leucosporidium himalayensis
423
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 927 – 19 July 2019
Leucosporidium himalayensis S.M. Singh, Roh. Sharma & Shouche, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects the Himalaya, the place where this fungus was
collected.
Classification — Leucosporidiaceae, Leucosporidiales, Incertae sedis, Microbotryomycetes.
Yeast colonies on SD agar Petri dishes are creamy-white, raised, margin entire. In external appearance, the colonies have a
glabrous texture. Cells are subglobose to ovoid, 2 – 5 µm, occurring singly and budding is mostly polar, occurring frequently
and repeatedly from the site of the primary budding scar. Sexual
reproduction was not observed. Pseudohyphae formation absent. Growth occurred at 15 °C which is very similar to the
primary habitat of this strain. Optimum growth was observed
after 15 d. The following compounds are assimilated: D-xylose,
D-saccharose, L-arabinose, Calcium-2-keto-gluconate. The following compounds are not assimilated: D-lactose, D-maltose,
D-galactose, D-raffinose, D-trehalose, Glycerol, Inositol, Sorbitol, Adonitol, Methyl-Alpha-D-Glucopyranoside, D-cellobiose,
D-melezitose, Xylitol.
Culture characteristics — On CMA the colonies are whitecream, round, margin entire, ± 0.5 mm after 10 d.
Habitat — Powdery windblown dust on glaciers (Cryoconites).
Distribution — India (Chhota Shigri glacier, Gramphu-BatalKaza Rd, Himachal Pradesh).
Notes — An initial BLASTn similarity search using the LSU
sequence of the ex-type culture with the NCBI nucleotide database showed the highest similarity to Leucosporidium fragarium
CBS 6254 (GenBank NG_058330; 99.5 % identity, 97 % query
cover) followed by Sampaiozyma ingeniosa CBS 4240 (GenBank NG_058398; 96.60 % identity; query coverage 96 %).
The BLASTn similarity search of the ex-type ITS sequence with
NCBIs database showed the highest similarity to Leucosporidium fragarium CBS 6254 (GenBank NR_073287; 94.45 %
identity, 99 % query coverage) followed by Leucosporidium
drummii CBS 11562 (GenBank NR_137036; 95.02 % identity,
99 % query coverage). The neighbour-joining (NJ) phylogenetic analyses of ITS and LSU rRNA regions was done using
sequences of other species of Leucosporidium. The combine
phylogenetic tree topology of both regions clearly showed that
strain RNF079 is novel.
Typus. indiA, Gramphu-Batal-Kaza Road, Chandra river basin, Pir Pinjal
range, Lahul valley, Himachal Pradesh, cryoconites, 4 Aug. 2015, P. Sharma
& S.M. Singh MCC 1733 (holotype RNF079 as metabolically inactive culture,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK601695 and MK601698, MycoBank
MB823364).
LSU
ITS
Leucosporidiella yakutica VKM Y-2837T (AY212989)
57
97
Leucosporidium creatinivorum CBS 8620 (AF444629)
96
Leucosporidium scottii CBS 5930 (AF444495)
80
99
48
Rhodotorula muscorum (AF070433)
91
Leucosporidium escuderoi 131209-E2A-C3-II-lev (JN181009)
82
Leucosporidium himalayensis MCC 1733 (MK601695)
Leucosporidium golubevii PYCC 5759T (AY212987)
95
Leucosporidium intermedium CBS 7226 (AF444564)
65
Leucosporidium drummii AY220 (FN428965)
Leucosporidium scottii CBS 5930 (AY213000)
Leucosporidium fragarium CBS 6254 (AF444530)
57 59
Leucosporidiella yakutica VKM Y-2837T (AY213001)
77
60
Leucosporidium creatinivorum CBS 8620 (AF189925)
Leucosporidium fellii CBS 7287 (AF189907)
Leucosporidium krtinense KT96 (KU187882)
Leucosporidium fellii CBS 7287 (AF444508)
Rhodotorula nothofagi CBS 8166 (AF444537)
0.020
Leucosporidium himalayensis MCC 1733 (MK601698)
Rhodotorula fragaria (AF070428)
Leucosporidium muscorum CBS 6921 (AF444527)
Leucosporidium escuderoi 131209-E2A-C3-II-lev (JN197600)
88
Leucosporidium golubevii PYCC 5759T (AY212997)
98
98
Leucosporidium intermedium CBS 7226 (AF189889)
Leucosporidium krtinense KT96 (KU187886)
51
0.0050
Phylogenetic relationship of Leucosporidium himalayensis with other
members of the genus based on a neighbour-joining tree of ITS and LSU
sequences using MEGA v. 7.0.21. The bootstrap values of above 50 % are
given at the nodes using 1 000 replications.
Colour illustrations. India, Himachal Pradesh, Chhota Shigri glacier,
Chandra river basin, Lahul valley. Yeast cells at 100× under phase contrast
and light (CMA after 10 d); yeast cells at 40× (SDA after 15 d). Scale bars = 5
µm.
Shiv Mohan Singh, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India; e-mail: drshivmohansingh@gmail.com
Rohit Sharma & Yogesh S. Shouche, National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR), National Centre for Cell Science,
S.P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune - 411 007, Maharashtra, India; e-mail: rohit@nccs.res.in & yogesh@nccs.res.in
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
424
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Lycoperdon vietnamense
425
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 928 – 19 July 2019
Lycoperdon vietnamense Rebriev, A.V. Alexandrova, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the country where the type specimen was
collected.
Classification — Agaricaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomes turbinate, 0.5 –1.5 cm high and 1.5 – 2.3 cm broad,
with upper surface ± flattened, dehiscing by a ragged roundish
or sometimes slit-like opening. Exoperidium of white crowded
spines up to 0.5 mm in upper part united by their tips into persistent stellate groups, fine felty material present between the
spines; spines falling away at maturity leaving an inconspicuous reticulate pattern on endoperidium. Endoperidium lightbrown. Gleba brown or concolorous with subgleba. Subgleba
prominent, cellular, olive-brown, occupying up to 1/2 of the
basidiome, in age separated from the gleba by a line (an apparent diaphragm). Diaphragm well developed. Basidiospores
globose, pale brown, 2.8 – 3.3 µm, verrucose in LM and with
robust conic spines 0.3–0.5 µm in SEM, with stump of a pedicel
up to 1 µm. Capillitium abundant, 2.5–3.5(–4) μm diam, poorly
branched, sometimes slightly swollen at rare septa, light brown,
with pores up to 0.5 μm. Paracapillitium scanty developed.
Ecology & Distribution — The specimen was found on soil
in tropical open deciduous forest, in group of three basidiomes.
Until now the known distribution is restricted to Vietnam.
Notes — Lycoperdon vietnamense belongs to Lycoperdon
subg. Vascellum by having a diaphragm. It is characterised by
the verrucose spores, abundantly septate eucapillitium and
stellate-echinulate exoperidium. Morphologically, it is close to
L. curtisii (= L. wrightii) which has a stellate-echinulate exoperidium and spinulate spores, but the latter differs in having a poor
capillitium. Lycoperdon qudenii differs in having larger spores
with long pedicels as well as a furfuraceous exoperidium. The
more common L. pratense has larger, finely ornamented spores,
a poorly developed capillitium and a non-stellate exoperidium.
Based on the ITS rDNA phylogenetic analyses, L. vietnamense clusters in the Vascellum clade, close to L. pratense and
L. curtisii.
Typus. vietnAM, Đắk Lắk Province, Buôn Đôn District, Krông Na commune,
Bản Đôn, Yok Đôn National Park, alt. 196 m, N12°56'24" E107°43'31", margin
of tropical open deciduous forest, on soil, 10 May 2014, A.V. Alexandrova
(holotype LE 314844, ITS sequence GenBank MH468767, MycoBank
MB826727).
ITS rDNA phylogenetic tree obtained with MrBayes v. 3.2.6 under GTR+I+G
model for 2 M generations. The GenBank accession numbers are indicated
before species names. Support values are indicated on the branches (posterior probabilities). The novel species is shown in blue text and Bovistella
radicata was used as outgroup.
Colour illustrations. Vietnam, Yok Đôn National Park, tropical open deciduous forest. Matured basidiome; peridium with areolate pattern; basidiospores
and capillitium with pores in LM; basidiospores and paracapillitium in SEM;
basidiospores, capillitium and paracapillitium under SEM. Scale bars (from
top to bottom) = 2 mm, 1 mm, 10 µm, 2 µm, 3 µm.
Yury A. Rebriev, South Scientific Center of RAS, 344006 Chehova str. 41, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; e-mail: rebriev@yandex.ru
Alina V. Alexandrova, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Faculty of Biology, 119234, 1, 12 Leninskie Gory Str., Moscow, Russia;
Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam;
Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) 117198, 6 Miklouho-Maclay Str., Moscow, Russia;
e-mail: alina-alex2011@yandex.ru
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
426
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Marasmius lebeliae
427
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 929 – 19 July 2019
Marasmius lebeliae Guard, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for its delicate beauty and in acknowledgement of
mycologist Teresa Lebel, for elevating the study of Australian Marasmius into
the DNA Era of the 21st Century.
Classification — Marasmiaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata small, marasmioid. Pileus 5–12 mm, conico-convex
when young to campanulate at maturity, cinnamon (10; Royal
Botanic Garden Edinburgh 1969) to rusty tawny (14), centre
darker and occasionally wrinkled, margins paler buff (52), dry,
deeply sulcate, flesh thin, white. Lamellae free to adnexed,
sparse, 7–11, with occasional lamellulae, narrow, off-white,
margins non-coloured. Stipe central, wiry, 35 – 60 × < 0.5 – 0.5
mm, glossy, black to purplish chestnut (21) in lower half, dark
brick (20) in mid stem, buff (52) in upper end, tiny basal pad
present (hand lens required). Spore print white. Basidiospores
(27.5 –) 28.5 – 34.5(– 35.5) × 4.5 – 5.5 μm (av. 32 × 5 μm,
Q = 5.1–6.9, Qm = 6.1 ± 0.4, n = 50), long, narrowly clavate,
with widest diameter approximately 2/3 along length of spore,
hyaline, inamyloid. Basidia 25 – 30 × 11–13 μm, sterigmata
average 5.4 μm long; occasional basidia up to 40 × 15.5 μm.
Cheilocystidia present in two forms – constricted cylindrical
cells, 29 – 33 × 5–9 μm, and occasional Siccus-type broom
cells with cylindrical bodies 16 – 27 × 3.5 – 5.5 μm with apical
digitate projections 3.3 – 5.5 × 0.7– 0.9 μm. Pleurocystidia narrow, cylindrical with constrictions (moniliform), or narrow to
broadly clavate with swollen mucronate apices 11– 25(– 29)
× 3.5 – 6(– 8) μm. Pileipellis is a hymeniderm composed of
Siccus-type broom cells: 7–12(– 20) × 7–12 μm, main body
cylindrical to broadly clavate, occasionally branched, thin-walled
at base and often thick-walled in upper third, projections digitate, nodulose, or obtuse to subacute, thick-walled, 2.7– 5.5 ×
0.5–0.9 μm. Thick walled portion of broom cells is yellow-brown
in KOH. Caulocystidia absent. Stipitipellis of parallel hyphae,
dextrinoid in Melzers’.
Habit, Habitat & Distribution — Fruits in troops in mid-summer after significant periods of rain, usually in deep leaf litter,
with an apparent preference for Casuarina needles in forest that
has been regenerating for 10 – 30 years. To date this species
has only been found from four sites in privately conserved land
on Dilkusha Nature Refuge, Maleny, Queensland. It is expected
that the distribution is in fact much wider, but Marasmius species are frequently overlooked in fungal surveys.
Typus. AuStrAliA, Queensland, Dilkusha Nature Refuge, Maleny, Site 1,
in leaf litter and Casuarina needles under Elaeocarpus grandis and Allocasuarina cunninghamiana, in regenerating subtropical rainforest, 3 Feb. 2018,
F. Guard F2018011 (holotype AQ799986; ITS sequence GenBank MK211200,
MycoBank MB828485).
Additional materials examined. AuStrAliA, Queensland, Dilkusha Nature
Refuge, Maleny, Site 2, in leaf litter and twigs, in regenerating riparian
subtropical rainforest, 2 Jan. 2018, F. Guard F2018002 (AQ876930; ITS
sequence GenBank MK211197, LSU sequence GenBank MK801676);
Dilkusha Nature Refuge, Maleny, Site 3, roadside in Allocasuarina cunninghamiana needles, in regenerating subtropical rainforest, 3 Feb. 2018,
F. Guard F2018012 (AQ799987; ITS sequence GenBank MK211198, LSU
sequence GenBank MK801678); Dilkusha Nature Refuge, Maleny, Site 4, in
leaf litter and dead Cordyline rubra leaves, in revegetated subtropical rainforest, 5 Feb. 2018, F. Guard F2018018 (AQ 799989; ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MK211199 and MK801677).
Notes — Marasmius lebeliae is characterised by a small pale
brown pileus, distant lamellae, very large basidiospores, strangulate pleurocystidia, and two types of cheilocystidia – common
strangulate and common to uncommon Siccus type broom cells.
These features in the absence of caulocystidia and with a welldeveloped, non-collariate, non-insititious stipe place this species in sect. Globulares (group Sicci), subsect. Siccini, ser.
Haematocephali.
Marasmius lebeliae is part of a small but well-supported clade
that includes a strongly supported sister species, Marasmius
crinipes described from Korea (Antonin et al. 2012). However, it
differs significantly in having shorter spores (av. 22.8 × 4.3 μm),
different coloured pileus (brownish orange), longer stipe and
different type of cystidia. Another species similar in shape, size
and habitat is Marasmius bambusiniformis. It differs in being
brighter orange, having more lamellae (10 –16), which have a
concolorous margin, significantly smaller spores (av. 16 × 4.3
μm) and lacking pleurocystidia (Singer 1976).
Supplementary material
Colour illustrations. Regenerating subtropical rainforest, in Dilkusha
Nature Reserve, Maleny, Queensland, Australia, holotype site; basidiomata,
large basidium with immature spores, basidioles and pleurocystidium, goldenbrown colour of thick-walled sections of broom cells in KOH, mature spores;
basidia and pleurocystidia; Siccus type broom cells in pileipellis; basidiospores; cheilocystidia of two types – thin walled, strangulate and Siccus type
broom cells. Scale bars = 10 μm.
FP929 Bayesian (Mr Bayes v. 3.2.6) 50 % majority-rule consensus tree of
the ITS-nrDNA for a selection of Marasmius species. Bold lines indicate PP
support > 0.95. G - sect. Globulares; N - sect. Neosessiles; L - sect. Leveilleani; MM - sect. Marasmius subsect. Marasmius; MS - sect. Marasmius
subsect. Sicciformes; S - sect. Sicci; SA - sect. Sicci ser. Atrorubentes;
SL - sect. Sicci ser. Leonini; SS - sect. Sicci ser. Spinulosi; SH - sect. Sicci
ser. Haematocephali.
Frances Guard, Maleny, Queensland, Australia; e-mail: franguard@icloud.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
428
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Mariannaea terricola
429
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 930 – 19 July 2019
Mariannaea terricola A.L. Alves, A.C.S. Santos, R.N. Barbosa, Souza-Motta, P.V. Tiago,
sp. nov.
Etymology. terricola, terri means soil, referring to substrate from which
the fungus was isolated.
Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes.
On PDA: Hyphae 2–12 μm wide, septate, hyaline, smooth, thinwalled, branched. Conidiophores up to 575 × 5 –12 μm length/
width at the base cell, macronematous, mononematous, erect,
straight, smooth or verrucose, thin-walled, septate, hyaline, cylindrical, tapering with base cell wall slightly verrucose, bearing
short branches in the upper part, with three phialides at each
branch. Phialides 14 – 22 × 2 – 5 μm length/width, flask-like,
hyaline, smooth-walled. Conidia 3 – 9 × 2 – 4 μm length/width,
globose to fusoid, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, aseptate, produced in imbricate chains. Chlamydospores single, globose
when in a terminal position, 7.5 – 8 μm diam, and doliiform
when in an intercalary position, 7.5 – 20 × 4 –10 μm length/
width, hyaline, thick-walled. Ascomatal morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — (in the dark, 25 °C after 7 d):
Colonies on PDA reaching 4 – 6 cm diam, at first white, rosy
buff close to margins and honey to cinnamon at centre; zonate;
reverse white close to margins to cinnamon at centre, becoming
wine coloured after 14 d.
Notes — ITS and LSU sequences are important identification
markers for Mariannaea. Based on the current phylogenetic
analysis, the new species Mariannaea terricola represents a
distinct lineage, clustering close to M. fusiformis and M. punicea.
However, M. fusiformis is characterised by its hyphae, 2 – 8
μm wide, conidiophores up to 800 μm long, phialides 14 – 22
× 2 – 5 μm, smooth-walled or occasionally verrucose, conidia
5 –10 × 3 – 4 μm, fusiform to subglobose, chlamydospores
8 –10 × 5 –7 μm, globose to subglobose. Mariannaea punicea
is characterised by its conidiophores c. 160–300 μm long, 6–9
μm wide at the basal cell, conidia 4 –7 × 2 – 3.5 μm, ellipsoidal
to fusoid, chlamydospores yellow-brown, 6 –10 μm diam (Hu
et al. 2016). These two species also have red-purple colonies,
but M. punicea differs from M. fusiformis in its conidial shape
that is broadest at the 1/4 part from the apex (Samson 1974,
Cai et al. 2010). The new species described here also differs
in colony colour and zonation. Mariannaea terricola initially
has white colonies, rosy buff close to margins and honey to
cinnamon at centre, zonate. Mariannaea terricola was isolated
from soil collected in the Brazilian Tropical Atlantic Forest, in
the city of Paudalho, Pernambuco state.
Typus. BrAZil, Pernambuco state, Mata São João, Paudalho, S7°57'09"
W35°06'19", isolated from soil, July 2017, A.L. Alves (holotype URM 92163,
ex-type culture URM 8023, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK101011
and MK101012, MycoBank MB828377).
Bayesian inference tree obtained by phylogenetic analyses of the combined
ITS and LSU sequences conducted in MrBayes on XSEDE in the CIPRES
science gateway. Bayesian posterior probability values and Maximum likelihood are indicated at the nodes. The new species is indicated in red face.
Calonectria brassicae (CBS 111869) and C. ilicicola (CBS 190.50) were
used as outgroup.
Colour illustrations. Atlantic forest’s soil, isolation source of Mariannaea
terricola. 7-d-old (left) and 14-d-old (right) colonies; conidiophores, conidia
and chlamydospores from 7-d-old colonies on PDA. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Amanda Lucia Alves, Ana Carla da Silva Santos, Renan Nascimento Barbosa & Patricia Vieira Tiago,
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: amanda.alves@outlook.com, ana.carla.bio@hotmail.com, renan.rnb@gmail.com & patiago@hotmail.com
Cristina M. Souza-Motta, URM Culture Collection, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: cristina.motta@ufpe.br
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
430
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Meliola gorongosensis
431
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 931 – 19 July 2019
Meliola gorongosensis Iturr., Raudabaugh & A.N. Mill., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the locality in which it was collected, Gorongosa National Park.
Classification — Meliolaceae, Meliolales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium forming ovate to irregular black patches on both surfaces of leaflets, up to 10 mm diam, hyphae dark brown, 5–7 µm
diam, thick-walled, wall 1 µm wide, septate, closely branched
forming a dense network on the surfaces of the leaflet, bearing
numerous short hyphopodia. Hyphopodia arranged in a variety
of manners: on opposites sides of the hyphae or alternately
or unilaterally on one side of the hyphae, arising from a short
basal cell, 12 –17 µm long, terminating in a swollen, rounded
to slightly curved head, 7.6 –10.3 × 8.8 –11.6 µm. Setae arising
from the hyphae, multiple, stiff, erect, dark-brown, septate, more
than 1 mm high, tapering towards the apex, smooth-walled with
walls equally thickened the entire length. Ascomata on both
surfaces of leaves, numerous, black, lenticular-to-spherical, 220
× 165 µm, arising from the hyphae. Ascomatal wall of textura
globulosa-angularis in surface view, with a distinguishable pattern composed of groups of 4 – 5 dark brown cells with each
group circumscribed by a dark perimeter, cells 10 –11 µm, 3 – 4
layers thick, brown, outer cells dark-brown, isodiametric. Asci
arranged in a basal layer, oblong when young, 53.5 – 80.4 ×
31–36.3 µm, widening as they mature to become subspherical,
with a short point of attachment, 71–75 × 34 – 51 µm, 3-spored
with one aborted spore, evanescent when mature. Ascospores
dark-brown when mature, thick-walled, wall 3 – 3.5 µm wide,
broadly ellipsoidal, slightly curved, inequilateral, with one
rounded end and the other end tapering or both ends tapering, 40 – 50(– 55) × 14 – 22 (– 24) µm, with four very dark and
thick-walled septa, sometimes constricted at the septa; with
one large guttule per cell.
Habitat — On living and fallen, dead leaflets of Philenoptera
violacea.
Distribution — Known only from Gorongosa National Park,
Mozambique.
Typus. MoZAMBique, Sofala Province, Gorongosa National Park, Great Rift
Valley of central Mozambique, road south of Chitengo base camp toward
Pungue River and Vinho community on opposite bank, mixed palm forest,
on fallen, dead leaflets of Philenoptera violacea (Fabaceae), -18.9889S,
34.3525E, 40 m elev., 21 May 2016, T. Iturriaga MOZ 9 (holotype CUP
70689, isotype ILLS 82564, ITS sequence GenBank MK802897, MycoBank
MB830654).
Notes — The phylogenetic placement of Meliola has been
the subject of debate for many years. Saenz & Taylor (1999)
showed that Meliola belongs to the ‘unitunicate pyrenomycetes’,
today treated in the Meliolaceae (Sordariomycetes). The new
species described here, Meliola gorongosensis, possesses
the typical characters known for the genus: dark mycelium as
a superficial mat of thick, dark-septate hyphae; hyphopodia,
setae and ascomata superficial on the mycelium; ascomatal
wall with thick-walled dark-cells, with or without a pattern, and
ascospores usually 4-septate with a thick dark-brown wall.
Most species occur in tropical areas as highly specialised biotrophs on leaves of specific genera or species of higher plants.
A ‘Beeli formula’ (Beeli 1920) is a numerical code traditionally
used to characterise each species, in this case Beeli number
3113.4344. The type of Meliola carvalhoi (Deighton 1951) was
compared to our material since it was described from the same
plant genus Philenoptera (as Lonchocarpus cyanescens, a
nomenclatural synonym of Philenoptera cyanescens), both
in the family Leguminosae (Schrire 2000) and also both from
Mozambique. Both species were collected in the same general
area (-18.25S, 35.00E). Meliola gorongosensis differs from
M. carvalhoi in that the former has an ascomatal wall with a
defined cell pattern, whereas M. carvalhoi shows no specific
pattern. Meliola gorongosensis has only one type of appressorium, while M. carvalhoi has two kinds of appressoria. In
M. gorongosensis the appressorium terminal cell is rounded
with a rugose cell wall. In M. carvalhoi, one type of appressoria
terminal cell is also rounded, but with a smooth cell wall, while
the second type of appressoria has mucronate apical cells.
Ascospores of M. gorongosensis are ellipsoid and inequilateral,
while those in M. carvalhoi are cylindrical to slightly ellipsoid
and equilateral. Setae in M. gorongosensis are smooth-walled
with walls equally thickened the entire length unlike those in
M. carvalhoi with walls irregularly thickened. Deighton (1951)
describes the setae in M. carvalhoi as being spiny, although
we were not able to observe the spines in the material that we
examined. The host of M. gorongosensis is Philenoptera violacea, while the host of M. carvalhoi is Philenoptera cyanescens.
Additional material examined. Meliola carvalhoi: in foliis Lonchocarpi cyanescentis (Papilionaceae). Africa orientalis (Portuguese East Africa): Larde,
30 Aug. 1946, T. Carvalho, IMI 16646 (typus). Meliola carvalhoi: Sydowia 5:
4. 1951.
Colour illustrations. Typical African savannah mixed with patches of forest in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique. Fallen leaflet of Philenoptera
violacea with blackened areas of M. gorongosensis; longitudinal section
through ascoma; erect and pointed setae on superficial hyphae; two young
asci with three ascospores each (in Congo Red); three dark brown 4-septate
ascospores. Scale bars = 40 µm (ascomal section), 40 µm (setae), 20 µm
(immature asci), 10 µm (ascospores). Photo credits: T. Iturriaga, D. Raudabaugh.
Teresa Iturriaga, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA;
Present address: Plant Pathology Herbarium, 334 Plant Science Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; e-mail: ti14@cornell.edu
Daniel B. Raudabaugh & Andrew N. Miller, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey,1816 South Oak Street, Champaign,
Illinois, 61820, USA; e-mail: raudaba2@illinois.edu & amiller7@illinois.edu
Jason Karakehian, Farlow Herbarium, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; e-mail: jasonkarakehian@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
432
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Mollisia endocrystallina
433
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 932 – 19 July 2019
Mollisia endocrystallina Matočec, I. Kušan, Jadan, Mešić & Tkalčec, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named after the crystalloid matter found in the ectal excipular
and marginal cells.
Classification — Mollisiaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes.
Ascomata apothecial, shallowly cupulate when young, then
expanding to discoid or plate-shaped, becoming subpulvinate
when fully mature, superficial, sessile, ± circular from the top
view, *0.6 –1.3 mm diam, solitary or gregarious (up to few apothecia). Hymenium pale grey in young stage to pale lead-grey in
maturity, not wrinkled; margin ± sharp and whitish but lowered
down at full maturity, smooth, entire, not lobed, ex-rolled in
maturity; excipular surface pale brownish grey from base almost
to the margin, smooth. Basal hyphae macroscopically indistinguishable. Asexual morph not seen. Hymenium *95 –125 µm
thick. Asci cylindrical with conical-subtruncate apex, *88.7–117
× (6.6 –)7– 8.1(– 8.6) µm, † 64 –73.5 × 5.7– 6.5 µm, pars sporifera *24 – 34.6 µm, 8-spored, in living state protruding above
paraphyses up to 20 µm, base cylindrical-truncate, containing
cytoplasmic refractive hyaline globule, arising from repetitive
croziers, apical apparatus strongly refractive and visible already
in water and especially in † KOH, in Lugol’s solution (IKI) apical ring medium to strongly amyloid (2-3bb) of Calycina-type.
Ascospores ciborioid to piscioid, with notably rounded poles,
bilaterally symmetrical, 1-celled, *(6.8 –)7– 8.4 –11(–11.3) ×
(3.1–)3.3 – 3.7– 4.3(– 4.5) µm, *Q = (1.8 –)1.9 – 2.5 – 2.9(– 3),
hyaline, smooth, uninucleate, freshly ejected without sheath,
biseriate inside *asci, lipid bodies absent, *cytoplasm containing
two, rarely one, bipolar refractive vacuoles, 1.9–3.3 µm diam; in
IKI cytoplasm yellow, nucleus contrasted, bipolar vacuoles hyaline and non-refractive; in brilliant cresyl blue (CRB) vacuoles
greyish rose to pale purplish, disappearing after adding KOH.
Paraphyses cylindric-obtuse to subclavate, apical cell *32.6–64
× 2.8–4.2(–5) µm, straight, simple, sometimes branched below
apical cell, *containing single cylindrical strongly refractive
vacuolar body (VB), in some cells few VBs compacted next to
each other, wall thin and hyaline; in KOH without yellow reaction; in IKI VBs not stained, soon collapse, some yellow-orange
particles remain peritunically; in CRB turquoise-blue to deep
blue, immediately collapse after adding KOH. Subhymenium
*25 – 32 µm thick at the middle flank, hyaline, richly beset with
highly repetitive croziers, composed of hyaline densely packed
epidermoid and ± cylindric cells *4.2 – 8.4 µm wide. Medullary
excipulum *37–45 µm at the middle flank, composed of hyaline
markedly gelatinised textura porrecta-intricata, cells *2.9 – 5.6
µm wide, outer cells somewhat swollen and perpendicularly
oriented towards ectal excipulum, *11.6 –18.8 × 5.7– 9.9 µm,
thin-walled, occasionally with few lipid bodies, devoid of crystals and KOH-soluble cytoplasmic bodies; in CRB intercellular
spaces purplish. Ectal excipulum *33–44 µm thick at the middle
flank, composed of textura globulosa-angularis, cells *6 –19.5
µm, † 4.6 –15.3 µm wide, walls ochre-brown, *0.7– 0.9 µm thick,
most cells in the cortical layer contain ± central, freely floating,
hyaline and moderately refractive, rosettiform, CRB stainable
and KOH soluble crystalloid body, 1.8 – 4.5 µm diam, devoid of
true intercellular crystals; in IKI crystalloid bodies golden yellow,
Colour illustrations. Croatia, Mt Velebit, Škrbina draga area, type locality.
*Apothecia; *ascospores in H2O, IKI, CRB, †ascospores (KOH); *asci (H2O,
IKI, CRB), subhymenium (CRB); †asci (KOH), *paraphyses (H2O, IKI, CRB);
marginal cells with crystalloids (IKI); vertical median section of the apoth.;
ectal exc. cells with crystalloids (H2O); medulla (CRB). Scale bars = 1 mm
(apoth.), 10 µm (microscopic elements), 50 µm (apoth. anatomy).
while in CRB violet blue or greyish blue. Marginal tissue thin,
*13 – 26 µm thick, composed of few non-protruding, terminal,
clavate, thin-walled, ± elongated cells, *16 – 22 × 5.7–7.7 µm,
containing crystalloid bodies as in ectal excipulum. Subicular
hyphae arising from basal flank, confined to an apothecial base
only, 2 –7 individual hyphae firmly cemented together forming
flexuous fascicles, hyphae only occasionally branched, smooth,
sparingly septate, without lateral protuberations, greyish brown,
*2 – 2.7 µm wide, walls *0.5 – 0.7 µm thick.
Distribution & Habitat — This species is known so far only
from the type locality on Mt Velebit, Croatia. It is found on coarse
woody debris of Picea abies, lying near the almost continuous snow deposit, under permanently humid conditions at the
sinkhole bottom in the boreal type of forest.
Typus. croAtiA, Lika-Senj County, Sjeverni Velebit National Park, northern
part of the Mt Velebit, Škrbina draga area, 1600 m SW from Mali Rajinac
peak (1699 m), 1220 m asl, N44°47'07" E14°59'51"; on fallen decorticated
trunk of Picea abies in a forest of P. abies with Vaccinium myrtillus, Rubus
sp. and Oxalis acetosella, 26 May 2017, N. Matočec (holotype CNF 2/10055,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK088059 and MK088060, MycoBank
MB828351).
Notes — According to our analysis (see Supplementary Fig.
FP932) and recent molecular phylogenetic studies certain members of the asexual genera Acephala, Acidomelania, Barrenia,
Cystodendron, Phialocephala and Trimmatostroma (Crous et
al. 2007, Grünig et al. 2009, Walsh et al. 2014, 2015, Tanney
et al. 2016, Hamim et al. 2017) cluster with Mollisia spp. in a
Loramyces-Vibrissea-Mollisia clade (cf. Wang et al. 2006).
Mollisia endocrystallina displays certain similarity to M. rivularis
and M. uda ss. auct. Certain critical microscopic characters
found in M. endocrystallina are unique: 1) ectal excipular and
marginal cells contain freely floating, hyaline and moderately
refractive, rosettiform crystalloid bodies which are differentially
stained in CRB and IKI, and soluble in KOH; 2) sporoplasm
regularly contains refractive vacuoles while true oil drops are
missing; and 3) lack of VBs in the outermost cells of margin
and ectal excipulum. Mollisia rivularis is KOH negative like
M. endocrystallina but its spores contain oil drops while M. uda
is KOH positive (unlike M. endocrystallina) and has eguttulate
ascospores (unpubl. data). Furthermore, M. rivularis has narrower spores: 1.8 – 2.4 µm in Krieglsteiner (2004) and 1.7– 2
µm in Svrček (1987) vs 3.3 – 4.3 µm in M. endocrystallina and
shorter asci, while M. uda has considerably more elongated
spores Q = 2.9– 3.6 vs 1.9 – 2.9 in M. endocrystallina. Mollisia
rivularis and M. uda are found exclusively on hardwood (mostly
Fagus) submersed in a creek (Svrček 1987, Krieglsteiner 2004,
unpubl. data) while M. endocrystallina was found on Picea
remnants in an air-humid environment in a hyperkarst waterless
area. Fisher & Webster (1983) described Mollisia gigantea from
a submerged Picea branch but contrary to the new species it
is creamy to buff-coloured and has longer spores (10 –12 vs
7–11 µm) without sporoplasmic inclusions. Phylogenetically,
close M. caesia is imperfectly known species found on smaller
wood remnants of Fagus, Salix and Alnus with much longer
spores (e.g., 12 –14 µm, see Rehm 1896).
* = living material, † = chemically fixed material. Amyloidity after Baral (1987).
Supplementary material
FP932 ML phylogenetic tree inferred from the dataset of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2
gene sequences from Mollisia endocrystallina and related species.
Neven Matočec, Ivana Kušan, Margita Jadan, Armin Mešić & Zdenko Tkalčec, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
e-mail: nmatocec@irb.hr, ikusan@irb.hr, mjadan@irb.hr, amesic@irb.hr & ztkalcec@irb.hr
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
434
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Naganishia indica
435
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 933 – 19 July 2019
Naganishia indica Roh. Sharma, S.M. Singh & Shouche, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name reflects the country from where it was isolated.
Classification — Tremellaceae, Tremellales, Tremellomycetes.
After 7–10 d at 15 °C on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA), the
cells are ovoid to ellipsoidal, 3 × 5 μm (2.2 – 4.5 × 3.5 – 6.9 μm)
occurring singly, single budding, sedimentation occurs. After
15 d at 15 °C on SDA medium only pseudohyphae are produced and no true hyphae are observed. On SDA, the colony
of RNF072 is yellowish cream on the surface, and yellow in
reverse, raised, smooth entire margin, > 1 mm after 10 d. No
asci and ascospores were observed after 20 d of incubation on
SDA medium as well as Corn Meal Agar (CMA). Assimilation
of carbon compounds: D-xylose, D-maltose, D-saccharose,
L-Arabinose, Calcium-2-keto-Gluconate, Methyl-Alpha-DGlucopyranoside, D-melezitose were assimilated. D-galactose,
D-raffinose, D-trehalose, Glycerol, Inositol, Sorbitol, Adonitol,
D-cellobiose, Xylitol were not assimilated.
Cultural characteristics — On CMA the colonies are white,
round, smooth margin, small, pointed > 0.1 mm after 10 d. The
strain was grown at different temperatures from 5 – 25 °C and
it showed optimal growth at 15 °C.
Habitat — Powdery windblown dust on snow/glaciers (Cryoconites).
Distribution — India (Chhota Shigri glacier, Gramphu-BatalKaza Rd, Himachal Pradesh).
Typus. indiA, Gramphu-Batal-Kaza Road, Kiato (Lahaul and Spiti),
Himachal Pradesh, cryoconites, 4 Aug. 2015, S.M. Singh (holotype RNF072,
preserved as metabolically inactive culture in NCMR, LSU sequence GenBank MF929073, MycoBank MB822675).
RNF072T in the Naganishia clade. In terms of pairwise sequence divergence, strain RNF072 T differed from other existing
Naganishia species and showed highest similarity with the extype strains of Naganishia friedmannii CBS 7160 T (GenBank
KY108613) and Naganishia globosa CBS 5106 T (GenBank
KY108616). It differed from ex-type strains of N. friedmannii
CBS 7160 T and N. globosa CBS 5106 T by 39 (4 %) and 43 (5 %)
nucleotide substitution, respectively in the D1/D2 LSU rDNA
region. A phylogenetic tree based on D1/D2 LSU rDNA gene
was constructed by Neighbour-Joining. The tree discriminates
the strain RNF072 T from N. bhutanensis CBS 6294 T and N.
antarctica CBS 7687 T indicating its novel stature. A phylogenetic tree was also constructed by Maximum Parsimony and
Maximum Likelihood method using all the species of the genus
Naganishia, but no difference was obtained in the topology of
trees and position of the proposed novel species within the
genus Naganishia. We propose this yeast isolate as a novel
species which is supported by phylogenetic, morphological
and physiological data. The morphological characteristics of N.
indica RNF072 T is in accordance with the genus Naganishia.
Cell morphology is ovoid to ellipsoidal with well-developed
pseudohyphae. The strain RNF072 T proliferated by single
budding. The novel yeast N. indica RNF072 T is isolated from
the cryoconites of Chhota Shigri glacier, Indian Himalayas.
The present novel species shares similarity with its closest
phylogenetic relatives N. antarcticus and N. bhutanensis as all
three are isolated from soils in extremely cold environments, but
from different geographical regions, i.e., from India, Antarctica
and Bhutan.
Notes — The genus Naganishia was proposed to accommodate Naganishia albida with 15 species separated from Cryptococcus. Most of the species of Naganishia earlier belonged
to the albidus clade of Cryptococcus. Molecular phylogenetic
analysis of the D1/D2 LSU rDNA and ITS regions placed strain
95
Naganishia diffluens CBS 160 (AF075502)
Naganishia liquefaciens CBS 968 (AF181515)
79
61
Naganishia albidosimilis CBS 7711 (AF137601)
Naganishia vishniacii CBS 7110 (AF075473)
Naganishia adeliensis CBS 8351 (AF137603)
97
Naganishia albida CBS 142 (AF075474)
57
Naganishia uzbekistanensis CBS 8683 (AF181508)
75
Naganishia randhawae CBS 10160 (AJ876599)
Naganishia cerealis CBS 10505 (FJ473376)
94
Naganishia vaughanmartiniae DBVPG4736 (KF861779)
64
Naganishia globosa CBS 5106 (AF181539)
92
53
Naganishia friedmannii CBS 7160 (AF075478)
63 Naganishia onofrii DBVPG 5303 (KC433831)
Naganishia bhutanensis CBS 6294 (AF137599)
100
74
Naganishia antarctica CBS 7687 (AF075488)
Naganishia indica RNF072 (MF929073)
Cryptococcus amylolentus CBS 6039 (AF105391)
0.0100
Colour illustrations. Chhota Shigri Glacier, India. Cryoconites from which
the yeast was isolated; pseudohyphae (SDA, 15 d); budding yeast cells
(CMA, 7 d). Scale bars = 10 µm.
Neighbour-joining tree was constructed using MEGA7, based on the D1/D2
LSU rDNA region showing the position of Naganishia indica sp. nov. among
related species within Naganishia. Bootstrap support values > 50 % are
given at nodes based on 1 000 replications. The scale bar represents 2 %
sequence difference.
Rohit Sharma, Dextor Mosoh, Yogesh S. Shouche, National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR), National Centre for Cell Science,
S.P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune- 411 007, Maharashtra, India;
e-mail: rohit@nccs.res.in, mosohdexter@hotmail.com & yogesh@nccs.res.in
Shiv M. Singh* & Rohita Naik, National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Headland Sada, Vasco-da-Gama- 403 804, Goa, India;
smsingh@ncaor.gov.in & rohitanaik@ncaor.gov.in
*Current address: Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, India;
drshivmohansingh@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
436
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Nakazawaea ambrosiae
437
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 934 – 19 July 2019
Nakazawaea ambrosiae Kachalkin, M.A. Tomashevskaya, T.A. Kuznetsova &
M.V. Vecherskii, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to ambrosia beetles, the galleries and the larvae
of which served as the source of the strains.
Classification — Pichiaceae, Saccharomycetales, Saccharomycetes.
On glucose peptone yeast extract agar (GPYA) and 5 % malt
extract agar (MEA), after 7 d at 22 °C, streak is white, glistening, smooth and butyrous, raised, with hyphal production
at the lobed margin; the surface of the colony is rugose or
smooth. Cells are globose, subglobose and ovoid, 3.0 – 4.5
× 1.5 – 2.5 μm, occur singly or in pairs, divide by multilateral
budding, cells with one or two buds. Pseudohyphae and true
hyphae with subglobose and ovoid blastoconidia are formed.
Ascospores have not been observed during 4 wk at 22 °C in
culture (pure cultures and in mating test) grown on GPYA,
MEA, potato dextrose agar (PDA), yeast nitrogen base with
0.5 % glucose (YNB) agar, cornmeal agar and Gorodkowa agar.
Glucose, trehalose, maltose (variable) and cellobiose (slowly
and variable) are fermented, but galactose is not fermented.
Glucose, galactose, L-sorbose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose,
trehalose, raffinose (weak and variable), melezitose, D-xylose,
L-arabinose, D-arabinose, D-ribose, L-rhamnose, ethanol, glycerol, erythritol (weak), ribitol, galactitol, D-mannitol, D-glucitol,
methyl alpha-D-glucoside, salicin, DL-lactic acid, citric acid
(weak), D-gluconate (weak), D-glucosamine, and arbutin are
assimilated; no growth occurs on lactose, melibiose, inulin,
soluble starch, myo-inositol, methanol, D-glucoronate, succinic
acid, 2-keto-D-gluconate and 5-keto-D-gluconate. Nitrogen
compounds: ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate (variable),
L-lysine, D-glucosamine, creatinine (weak) and creatine (weak)
are assimilated. Growth on vitamin-free medium and on MEA
with 10 % NaCl is not present. Growth on 50 % w/w glucose
/ yeast extract (0.5 %) agar is positive. Growth with 0.01 %
cycloheximide and 0.1 % cycloheximide is present. Starch-like
compounds are not produced. Diazonium blue B colour and
urease reactions are negative. Maximum growth temperature
is 41 °C.
Typus. ruSSiA, Moscow region, in the vicinity of Zvenigorod town, from the
galleries of Ips typographus under the bark of the Picea abies (Pinaceae),
Mar. 2017, A.V. Kachalkin UL1 (holotype KBP Y-6137 preserved in a metabolically inactive state, ex-type cultures VKM Y-3024 = DSM 106748 = CBS
15358, SSU, ITS-D1/D2 domains of LSU nrDNA, TEF1 and RPB1 sequences
GenBank MK508964, MK508963, LR215815 and LR216143, MycoBank
MB830277).
Additional materials examined. ruSSiA, Moscow region, in the vicinity of
Dmitrov town, from the galleries of Ips typographus under the bark of the
Pinus sylvestris, Dec. 2017, A.V. Kachalkin, KBP Y-6306; Moscow region,
in the vicinity of Ruza town, from Ips typographus larvae in the wood of the
Picea abies, from the galleries of Ips typographus under the bark of the Picea
abies, from the wood of the Picea abies, May 2018, A.V. Kachalkin, KBP
Y-6362 and Y-6397, KBP Y-6378, KBP Y-6380. ITS sequences GenBank
MK562506 – MK562510.
Colour illustrations. Russia, Moscow region, spruce forest infected by bark
beetles. Growth of yeast colonies on MEA; yeast cells and hyphal structures
on MEA (after 7 d at 22 °C). Scale bars = 5 μm.
Notes — Analysis of the ITS region of the surveyed yeasts
suggested that they were conspecific and represented a hitherto
undescribed species of Nakazawaea. Based on the NCBI GenBank database, the best hits using the ITS sequence are N. holstii CBS 4140 (GenBank KY104365; 90 % similar, 36 subst.
and 15 gaps) and uncultured clone S57 from pine shoot beetle
(Tomicus piniperda) in Finland, GenBank KJ512850 (99.8 %,
1 subst.), using LSU these are N. laoshanensis NRRL Y-63634
(GenBank NG_055165; 98 % similar, 9 subst.) and some strains
(with 1– 2 subst.) from plum in China (GenBank KU240039),
from bark beetles in Canada (GenBank AY761152), from gut of
scolytid beetle in USA (Suh et al. 2005; GenBank AY242329),
from Dendroctonus brevicomis in USA (Davis et al. 2011; GenBank HQ413286), from associations with Dendroctonus spp.
in USA and Mexico (Rivera et al. 2009; GenBank EF016026,
EF016034, EF016040, EF016061), using SSU these are N. peltata strain NRRL Y-6888 (GenBank EU011730; 99 % similar, 16
subst. and 2 gaps) and strain Candida sp. from gut of scolytid
beetle in USA (Suh et al. 2005; GenBank AY242217; 99.8 %
similar, 3 subst.), using TEF1 it is N. anatomiae NRRL Y-17641
(GenBank EU014756; 92 % similar, 32 subst. and 2 gaps) and
using RPB1 it is N. ernobii MUCL 30037 (GenBank EU344100;
81 % similar, 122 subst. and 4 gaps). In compliance with a recent phylogenetic analysis of the genus (Polburee et al. 2017),
the placement of the new species is demonstrated using the
combined SSU and LSU rDNA phylogeny. Nakazawaea ambrosiae differ from the phylogenetically (by rDNA) closely related
species by no galactose fermentation, no growth on soluble
starch, growth at 41 °C (differ from N. holstii, N. laoshanensis,
N. peltata) and pseudohyphae and hyphae formation (differ
from N. laoshanensis, N. peltata).
N. anatomiae CBS 5547 (EU011725/EU011645)
N. populi CBS 7351 (EU011726/EU011646)
N. wyomingensis CBS 8703 (KM065919/AF153673)
N. wickerhamii CBS 2928 (EU011727/EU011647)
N. ernobii CBS 1737 (EU011728/EU011648)
100 N. holstii CBS 4140 (JQ698919/JQ689055)
N. ishiwadae CBS 6022 (EU011729/EU011650)
N. molendini-olei CBS 12508 (HE574679/JN688665)
58
N. pomicola CBS 4242 (KM065915/AF245400)
N. peltata (EU011730/EU011651)
58
95
Candida sp. JW01-7-11-1-1-y2 (AY242217/AY242329)
100
N. ambrosiae CBS 15358 (MK508964/MK508963)
97
N. siamensis CBS 12569 (LC171726/AB772177)
N. laoshanensis CBS 11389 (KM065912/KM065901)
100
N. todaengensis CBS 14555 (LC171727/LC171729)
Pa. tannophilus CBS 4044 (JQ698920/JQ689056)
Pe. toletana CBS 2504 (JQ698921/JQ689057)
100 Pe. xylosa CBS 2286 (EU011732/EU011653)
D. hansenii CBS 767 (JQ698910/JQ689041)
100
84
99
0.02
85
57
Maximum likelihood (ML) tree obtained from the combined analysis of SSU
and LSU sequence data. Bootstrap support values above 55 % are shown at
the nodes. Trigonopsis variabilis CBS 1040 (JQ698933 /U45827) was used
as outgroup (hidden). The alignment included 2111 bp and was performed
with MAFFT v. 7. The General Time Reversible model (GTR) with Gamma
distribution and invariant sites (G+I) was used as the best nucleotide substitution model. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted in MEGA v. 6.
Aleksey V. Kachalkin, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, and All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms,
G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms RAS, Pushchino, Russia; e-mail: kachalkin_a@mail.ru
Maria A. Tomashevskaya, All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms RAS,
Pushchino, Russia; e-mail: tomkotik@rambler.ru
Tatyana A. Kuznetsova & Maxim V. Vecherskii, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, Moscow, Russia;
e-mail: tashka_u@mail.ru & vecherskomy@mail.ru
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
438
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Nigrospora brasiliensis
439
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 935 – 19 July 2019
Nigrospora brasiliensis A.C.Q. Brito, C. Conforto, A.R. Machado, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the country where the species was collected,
Brazil.
Classification — Apiosporaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
Hyphae septate, hyaline to pale brown, branched, smooth,
2.6 – 5.2 μm diam. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous
cells. Hyaline vesicles around the septum delimiting the conidia
and their conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells solitary,
monoblastic, discrete, determinate, pale brown to dark brown,
doliiform, ampulliform, subglobose or globose, 7.8–13 × 5.2–13
μm. Conidia solitary, acrogenous, smooth, aseptate, black,
shiny, ovoid, subglobose or globose, 15.6 – 28.6 μm diam.
Culture characteristics — On PDA, the colonies are woolly,
floccose, margin circular, white, reaching 9 cm diam at 25 °C
in 12 d in the dark.
subglobose (Wang et al. 2017), in N. brasiliensis they are subglobose to globose (in general) and ovoid. In addition, N. brasiliensis has slightly larger conidia. The additional material
examined (CMM 1217) under the same conditions as the extype culture CMM 1214 (PDA, 12 d, 25 °C in the dark) shows
a different colony appearance, white mycelium in the centre
to greyish near the edge of the Petri plates, becoming black
with time.
LC2710
LC3287
LC3496
1
CGMCC318125
LC6684
CGMCC3.18122
1 LC2688
LC2694
LC3099
LC3292
1
Typus. BrAZil, Pernambuco state, São João (S08°51'14.5" W36°22'43.7"),
isolated from cladode brown spot of Nopalea cochenillifera (Cactaceae), 15
Aug. 2013, C. Conforto (holotype URM 93057, culture ex-type CMM 1214,
ITS, TEF1-α and TUB2 sequences GenBank KY569629, MK753271 and
MK720816, MycoBank MB830434).
N. camelliae-sinensis
N. pyriformis
LC3493
LC4433
LC6631
LC6851
LC2696
1
LC4558
CGMCC3.18127
LC4660
Additional material examined. BrAZil, Pernambuco state, São João
(S08°48'50" W36°26'42"), isolated from cladode brown spot of N. cochenillifera, 3 Sept. 2013, C. Conforto, CMM 1217, ITS, TEF1-α and TUB2 sequences GenBank KY569630, MK753272 and MK720817.
LC6704
CGMCC3.18130
LC7034
1 LC0322
CGMCC3.18128
1
1 CGMCC3.18123
LC7009
1
1
1 CGMCC3.18126
LC4487
1 LC7301
CGMCC3.18124
LC7298
LC7312
LC3477
1 LC4264
LC5901
LC4307
1
LC6294
LC6996
1
LC2840
CMM 1214 *
1
CMM 1217
LC6761
LC4338
LC5243
LC6923
1
LC7297
LC2707
LC4961
LC2693
CBS 167.26
1 CBS 984.69
CBS 290.62
1 LC2725
LC4566
1
1 CBS 319.34
0.97
LC6385
CBS 480.73
CGMCC3.18129
1 LC6979
0.99
LC7031
LC7042
LC7114
1
LC7244
1
LC7245
LC2698
1
1
Notes — The specimens obtained were identified causing
initially brown and then black spots, circular or elliptical in shape,
1– 3 cm diam on the cladodes of Nopalea cochenillifera. The
lesions may extend from one side to the other of the cladodes,
causing perforations due to the fall of the affected tissue. Such
lesions can coalesce to form large necrotic areas which cause
cladode drop. Based on megablast searches in GenBank,
the N. brasiliensis ITS sequences have 98.46 % identity to
N. sphaerica (LC6996; GenBank KX986085), while on TEF1-α
sequences and TUB2 the percentage identity was 89.19 %
to N. sphaerica (LC2840; GenBank KY019318) and 91.55 %
to N. sphaerica (LC7312; GenBank KY019618), respectively.
According to the phylogenetic analyses, N. brasiliensis is most
closely related to N. sphaerica. Conidiophores in N. brasiliensis
are reduced to conidiogenous cells, whereas in N. sphaerica
conidiophores are micronematous or semi-macronematous,
flexuous or straight, extensively branched, multiseptate (Wang
et al. 2017). The conidiogenous cells are also different, since
in N. sphaerica they have a subspherical shape (Wang et al.
2017), but in N. brasiliensis they are doliiform, ampulliform,
subglobose to globose. In N. sphaerica conidia are globose or
1
0.05
N. chinensis
Nigrospora. sp.2
N. aurantiaca
N. vesicularis
N. lacticolonia
N. osmanthi
N. guilinensis
N. sphaerica
N. brasiliensis
N. oryzae
N. zimmermanii
Nigrospora sp.1
N. musae
N. gorlenkoana
N. hainanensis
N. bambusae
N. rubi
Arthrinium malaysianum CBS 102053
Colour illustrations. Cladode of Nopalea cochenillifera with brown spot
in Pernambuco. Colony on PDA after 12 d at 25 ºC in the dark; conidia;
conidium and conidiogenous cell; hyaline vesicle delimiting the conidium
and their conidiogenous cell (indicated by arrow). Scale bars = 10 µm.
Bayesian inference tree was obtained by analysis of concatenated matrix of
ITS, TEF1-α and TUB2 sequences in MrBayes v. 3.2.6 at CIPRES science
gateway. The nucleotide substitution model used was SYM+I+G for ITS,
HKY+I+G for TEF1-α and GTR+G for TUB2, selected separately by MrMODELTEST v. 2.3 according Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Bayesian
posterior probability values above 0.95 are indicated at the nodes. The new
species is indicated in bold. (*) indicates the ex-type culture. Arthrinium
malaysianum (CBS 102053) was used as outgroup. The alignment was
deposited in TreeBASE (Submission ID 24256).
Amanda C.Q. Brito, Juliana F. Mello & Alexandre R. Machado, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: amandabrito522@gmail.com, julianafdemello@hotmail.com & alexandrerm.agro@yahoo.com.br
Cinthia Conforto, Instituto de Patología Vegetal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Córdoba, Argentina; e-mail: conforto.cinthia@inta.gob.ar
Sami J. Michereff, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Ceará, Brazil; e-mail: sami.michereff@ufca.edu.br
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
440
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Ossicaulis salomii
441
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 936 – 19 July 2019
Ossicaulis salomii Siquier & Bellanger, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named in honour of the mycologist Joan Carles Salom, for
his significant contribution to our knowledge of the Balearic Funga.
Classification — Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Typus. SpAin, Balearic Islands, Minorca, Alaior, Arenal de Son Bou, 2 m
asl, 16 Nov. 2011, J.L. Siquier, JLS 3421 (holotype MA-FUNGI 91823 in
Herbarium Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid, isotype AB 14-04-02 in personal
herbarium of A. Bidaud, ITS, LSU and TEF1 sequences GenBank MK650044,
MK650043 and MK644259, MycoBank MB830239).
Pileus up to 11 mm diam, soon flat-convex and somewhat
depressed in the centre with involute margin for a long time;
surface dry, with white rimulose coating, cracked with time, exposing more or less clear caramel colour. Lamellae emarginate
to slightly decurrent, somewhat ventricose, white at first, white
cream when ageing or dehydrating. Stipe up to 19 × 1.5 mm,
central, cylindrical, slightly thickened towards base, subpruinose
o pruinose, especially in the upper zone and towards base,
whitish to light grey or slightly brownish with age. Context thin,
whitish, with a strongly farinaceous odour and taste. Spore print
white. Basidiospores 4–5(–6) × 3–4 μm, Q: (1.33–)1.42–1.66,
Qav: 1.4 –1.6, ovoid to ellipsoidal, pruniform or, very often,
larmiform, with rounded to slightly conical base and rounded
apex, not flattened, smooth, non-amyloid, non-dextrinoid and
non-cyanophil, thin-walled and with the apicule somewhat
marked. Basidia 20 – 25 × 4.5 – 5.5 μm, 4-spored, cylindrical
and narrowly clavate, with sterigmata up to 4 μm, accompanied
by some cylindrical hyphae, up to 3 μm, that are interspersed
between the basidia and that undoubtedly correspond to terminations of the trama, which appears regular. Cheilocystidia
and pleurocystidia not observed. Pileipellis a cutis composed
by cylindrical hyphae up to 5 μm wide, from parallel to more
or less interwoven, with obtuse extremities, not so apparent,
with few emerging elements, of greater calibre in the area of
the subcutis; brownish parietal pigment slightly encrusting and
intracellular pigment of ochraceous colour. Stipitipellis a cutis of
parallel hyphae with rare cylindrical and very thin hairs. Clamp
connections abundant and present in all tissues.
Distribution & Habitat — Spain, Balearic Islands, on dead and
very wet remains of Juncus sp. or of Posidonia oceanica, in
the dune zone next to the sea.
Notes — Initially these samples were determined as Clitocybe augeana sensu Kuyper (Siquier et al. 2015), but recent
molecular investigations revealed that the species actually
belongs to Lyophyllaceae, in the vicinity of the genus Ossicaulis, and that it is so far not represented in the fungal sequence
databases (GenBank & UNITE). This small genus introduced in
1985 currently includes the two European species O. lignatilis
(Redhead & Ginns 1985) and O. lachnopus (Contu 2007), as
well as O. yunnanensis recently described from China (Yang
et al. 2018). Based on LSU, O. salomii is closest to O. yunnanensis (seven substitutions + three indels, 98.8 % identity)
but using TEF1 sequences, the species is closer to O. lignatilis
than O. yunnanensis, with quite an important phylogenetic distance to these two species though (87.2 % vs 84.7 % identity,
respectively). The ITS rDNA analysis confirms the extent of
molecular divergence of O. salomii within the genus, as it
differs from sequences in the clade by 9.6 % to 11.4 %. The
new species occupies a basal position in the ITS phylogeny,
which may support a dedicated genus. However, in addition
to the LSU data, the gross morphology, anatomy, organoleptic
features and ecology of the Balearic collections, fit well with the
classic delineation of Ossicaulis (Holec & Kolařík 2013). With
O. lachnopus, O. salomii shares the shape, but not the size, of
the spores; with O. lignatilis, spore calibre but not the shape.
The new species differs from all Ossicaulis species known to
date, by its unique ecology and the absence of cystidia.
Colour illustrations. Dune area where the samples were found, in the
Arenal de Son Bou (Minorca island, Spain). Basidiomata in situ; basidiospores
in congo red; basidia; clamp connections; elements of stipitipellis; elements
of pileipellis. Scale bar = 10 mm (basidiomata), 10 μm (microstructures).
ITS phylogeny of Ossicaulis. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis of 25
ITS rDNA sequences belonging to the genus Ossicaulis, including the newly
generated sequence from O. salomii sp. nov., performed on www.phylogeny.
fr. Branch support is assessed by the SH-aLRT, significant when > 81 %.
José Leonardo Siquier, Carrer Major, 19, E-07300 Inca (Islas Baleares), Spain; e-mail: pepemycete@hotmail.com
Jean-Michel Bellanger, CEFE – CNRS – Université de Montpellier – Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier – EPHE – IRD – INSERM, Campus CNRS,
1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France; e-mail: jean-michel.bellanger@cefe.cnrs.fr
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
442
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Penicillium americanum
443
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 937 – 19 July 2019
Penicillium americanum Jurjević, G. Perrone, S.W. Peterson, D. Magistà, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for USA, where the culture was isolated.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Micromorphology (on malt extract agar; MEA): Conidiophores
borne on surface, occasionally on aerial hyphae, (100 –)150 –
350(–375) × (3–)4–5(–6) µm, with smooth, occasionally finely
roughened walls, bearing terminal biverticillate or terverticillate
penicillin; rami commonly with divergent asymmetric branching
2 – 3(– 4), (8 –)10 – 25 × 4 – 5 µm; (3 –) 5 – 9(–11) metulae in verticils, (6 –)7–12(–14) × 3 – 4 (– 4.5) µm; phialides (3 –)5 – 9(–11)
per metula, ampulliform, 7– 9(– 9.5) × (2 –) 2.5 – 3.5 µm, with
short collarettes. Conidia spherical to subspherical, occasionally broadly ellipsoidal, 2.5–3.5(–5) × 2.5–4.5 µm, with smooth
to finely roughened walls. Borne in long, loose to disordered
chains.
Culture characteristics — (in darkness, 25 °C after 7 d):
Colonies on MEA 11–12 mm diam, colony texture velutinous
to floccose centrally, rising c. 3 mm, mycelium white, visible at
margins, sporulation heavy, conidia en masse, Medici blue to
deep green-blue grey (R48; Ridgway 1912), exudate absent,
soluble pigments yellow ochre (R15) to primuline yellow (R16),
reverse wax yellow to strontium yellow (R16). Colonies on
Czapek yeast autolysate agar (CYA) 12 –13 mm diam, colony
texture velutinous to rudimentally floccose centrally, rising
c. 4 mm, mycelium white, mainly visible at margins, sporulation
heavy, conidia en masse, greyish greenish blue (Medici blue
to dark Medici blue, R48), exudate abundant, mustard yellow
to wax yellow (R16), at the centre of the colony c. 5 mm diam,
soluble pigments mustard yellow to primuline yellow (R16),
reverse wax yellow to strontium yellow (R16), near straw yellow
marginally. Colonies on potato dextrose agar (PDA) 11–12 mm
diam, colony texture velutinous to rudimentally floccose centrally, rising c. 3 mm, mycelium white, sporulation heavy, conidia
en masse, Medici blue to deep green-blue grey (R48), exudate
barium yellow to wax yellow, abundant (R16), soluble pigments
mustard yellow (R16) to honey yellow (R30), reverse wax yellow
to strontium yellow (R16). Colonies on Czapek yeast agar with
20 % sucrose (CY20S) 10 –11 mm diam, colony texture velutinous, mycelium white, sporulation very good, conidia en masse
pale light dull glaucous-blue to greenish glaucous-blue (R42),
exudate absent, soluble pigments absent, reverse uncoloured
to cartridge buff (R30). Colonies on dichloran-glycerol agar
(DG18) 14 –15 mm diam, colony texture velutinous, centrally
rising c. 3 mm, and c. 4 mm diam, button-like, mycelium white,
mainly visible at margins c. 2 mm diam, very heavy sporulation,
conidia en masse, greyish greenish blue (Medici blue to dark
Medici blue, R48), exudate absent, soluble pigments absent,
reverse cartridge buff (R30) to pale glass green (R31). Colonies
on CYA with 5 % NaCl (CYAS) 17–18 mm diam, colony texture
velutinous to rudimentally floccose, centrally rising c. 4 mm,
Colour illustrations. Air, medicinal marijuana greenhouse. 7-d-old cultures
of Penicillium americanum on MEA (top to bottom 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C);
conidia and conidiophores on MEA. Scale bars = 10 µm.
radially moderate to deep sulcate, mycelium white, sporulation
heavy, conidia en masse, greyish greenish blue (light Medici
blue to deep Medici blue, R48), exudate absent, soluble pigments absent, reverse cartridge buff to colonial buff, near reed
yellow (R30). Colonies on oatmeal agar (OA) 9 –10 mm diam,
colony texture velutinous, centrally rising c. 2 mm, button like,
mycelium white, visible at margins c. 2 mm diam, sporulation
heavy, conidia en masse, greyish greenish blue (Medici blue
to dark Medici blue, R48), exudate clear to brown, soluble
pigments absent, reverse in pale brown shades. Colonies on
creatine sucrose agar (CREA), 4 – 5 mm diam, no acid production, poor growth. On CYA/MEA (colony diam in mm) at 15 °C
11–13/13 – 24; 20 °C 18 –19/19 – 20; no growth at 5 °C, 30 °C
or 37 °C.
Typus. USA, Colorado, Medicinal Marijuana greenhouse, air, 22 July
2011, Ž. Jurjević (holotype BPI 910642, culture ex-type NRRL 66819 = ITEM
17520 = EMSL1473, ITS, β-tubulin (BenA) and calmodulin (CaM) sequences
GenBank MK791278, MK803427 and MK803428, MycoBank MB830667).
Notes — BLAST searches of the sequences of Penicillium
americanum sp. nov. showed a ß-tubulin similarity to P. soppi
GenBank MF351761 (90.65 %) and a calmodulin similarity
to P. lenticrescens GenBank KJ775404 (91.06 %). The ITS
barcode was 98.72 % similar to P. soppi GenBank MF303707
and P. lenticrescens GenBank KJ775675 (98.53 %).
Penicillium americanum produces conidiophores (100 –)150 –
350(–375) µm long, while sclerotial production is not observed,
compared to P. soppii which produces abundant sclerotia and
conidiophores up to 500 µm long (Raper & Thom 1949); Penicillium lenticrescens produces conidiophores 150 – 415 μm long
(Visagie et al. 2014a).
Supplementary material
FP937 Maximum likelihood tree of Penicillium americanum sp. nov. and
closely related species (30 strains in total) of the Sections Ramosa and
Brevicompacta based on concatenated BenA, CaM, ITS DNA sequences give
evidence of net separation of this new species from the other well-resolved
branch. All positions with less than 90 % site coverage were eliminated, i.e.,
fewer than 10 % alignment gaps, missing data, and ambiguous bases were
allowed at any position (partial deletion option); 1 141 positions were used in
the final dataset. The evolutionary history was inferred by using the Maximum
Likelihood method and Kimura 2-parameter model as implemented in MEGA
X (Kumar et al. 2018). The tree with the highest log likelihood (-7673.46)
is shown. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered
together is shown next to the branches. Support values at branches were
obtained from 1 000 bootstrap replicates. Bootstrap support values greater
than 70 % are shown.
Željko Jurjević, EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077, USA; e-mail: zjurjevic@emsl.com
Giancarlo Perrone & Donato Magistà, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy;
e-mail: giancarlo.perrone@ispa.cnr.it & donato.magista@ispa.cnr.it
Stephen W. Peterson, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture,
1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA; e-mail: stephen.peterson@ars.usda.gov
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
444
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Penicillium minnesotense
445
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 938 – 19 July 2019
Penicillium minnesotense Jurjević, G. Perrone, S.W. Peterson, D. Magistà, sp. nov.
Etymology. Named for state Minnesota, where the culture was isolated..
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Micromorphology (on malt extract agar; MEA): Conidiophores
borne on the surface or from aerial hyphae, (8 –)25 – 80(–130)
× 2.5 – 3.5 µm, with smooth to finely roughened walls, apically
swollen up to 7 µm diam, bearing a terminal whorl of (2 –)5 –
11(–13) ampulliform phialides, (7–)8 –12(–17) × 2.5 – 3(– 3.5)
µm, occasionally finally roughened. Conidia subspherical to
spherical to broadly ellipsoidal, occasionally nearly pyriform,
(2.8 –)3 – 4.5(– 9) × (2.2 –)3 – 4.5(– 5) µm, with smooth to finely
roughened walls. Borne in short disordered chains.
Culture characteristics — (in darkness, 25 °C after 14 d):
Colonies on MEA 17– 20 mm diam, colony texture velutinous,
rising c. 4 mm, radially moderate deep to deep sulcate, mycelium white to cartridge buff (R30), sporulation heavy, conidia en masse, pale glaucous-green to glaucous-green (R33;
Ridgway 1912), exudate absent, soluble pigments neutral red
to vinaceous-purple (R38) strong, soluble pigments on MEA
with chloramphenicol not observed, reverse brick red (R13) to
vinaceous-rufous (R14). Colonies on Czapek yeast autolysate
agar (CYA) 18–20 mm diam, colony texture velutinous, abruptly
rising c. 5–6 mm, centrally concave 5–9 mm diam, radially deep
sulcate near wrinkled, mycelium white occasionally with laelia
pink near eupatorium purple (R38) spots, sporulation heavy,
conidia en masse, pale glaucous-green to glaucous-green
(R33), exudate when present vinaceous, soluble pigments
absent to feint purplish red; reverse dark vinaceous-brown to
deep brownish vinaceous (R39). Colonies on potato dextrose
agar (PDA) 15–16 mm diam, colony texture velutinous, abruptly
rising c. 5 – 6 mm, centrally concave 5 – 8 mm diam, radially
deep sulcate near wrinkled, mycelium white to light laelia pink,
near vinaceous-purple (R38), sporulation very good, conidia en
masse, pale glaucous-green to glaucous-green (R33), exudate
when present vinaceous, soluble pigments daphne red to
vinaceous-purple (R38); reverse brownish vinaceous to vinaceous-brown (R39). Colonies on Czapek yeast agar with 20 %
sucrose (CY20S) 14 –15 mm diam, colony texture velutinous,
mycelium white to cartridge buff (R30), good sporulation, conidia en masse, pale glaucous-green to glaucous-green (R33),
exudate absent, soluble pigments absent; reverse uncoloured to
pale ochraceous-salmon (R15). Colonies on dichloran-glycerol
agar (DG18) 20 – 21 mm diam, colony texture velutinous, centrally rising c. 4 – 5 mm, radially and concentrically moderate
deep to deep sulcate, mycelium white nearly inconspicuous,
sporulation heavy, conidia en masse, glaucous green to Niagara green (R33), exudate absent, soluble pigments Pompeian
red to Vandyke red (R13), reverse English red to mahogany
red (R2). Colonies on CYA with 5 % NaCl (CYAS) 30 – 31 mm
diam, colony texture velutinous, rising c. 5 mm, centrally concave, radially and concentrically deep sulcate near wrinkled,
Colour illustrations. Air, office. 14-d-old cultures of Penicillium minnesotense on MEA (from top to bottom 5 °C, 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C); conidia and
conidiophores on MEA. Scale bars = 10 µm.
mycelium white, inconspicuous, sporulation heavy, conidia en
masse, gnaphalium green to celandine green (R47), exudate
absent, soluble pigments faint red; reverse walnut brown to
vinaceous-russet (R28). Colonies on oatmeal agar (OA) 20–21
mm diam, colony texture velutinous, rising c. 3 – 4 mm, radially
light to moderate sulcate, mycelium white to vinaceous lilac
(R44), sporulation very good, conidia en masse, court grey to
gnaphalium green (R47), exudate clear to light vinaceous lilac
(R44), soluble pigments vinaceous lavender to vinaceous purple (R44), reverse dull violet-black to vinaceous-purple (R44).
Colonies on creatine sucrose agar (CREA), 14 –15 mm diam,
no acid production, good growth. On CYA/MEA (colony diam
in mm after 14 d) at 5 °C 3–4/3–4; 15 °C 18–20/13–18; 20 °C
25 – 27/20 – 25; no growth at 30 °C or 37 °C.
Typus. USA, Minnesota, Air, outside, 10 Aug. 2012, Ž. Jurjević (holotype
BPI 910934, culture ex-type NRRL 66823 = ITEM 17524 = EMSL 1719, ITS,
β-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM) and RNA polymerase II second largest
subunit (RPB2) sequences GenBank MK791277, MK803429, MK803430
and MK796158, MycoBank MB830666).
Notes — BLAST searches of the sequences of Penicillium
minnesotense sp. nov. showed ß-tubulin similarity to P. salmoniflumine GenBank KF932928 (98.81 %), calmodulin similarity to P. salmoniflumine GenBank KF932945 (98.12 %), RNA
polymerase II second largest subunit similarities to P. salmoniflumine GenBank KF932999 (98.43 %). The ITS barcode was
100 % similar to P. salmoniflumine GenBank NR_137849.
Penicillium minnesotense produces shorter conidiophores, on
average (8 –)25 – 80(–130) μm, than P. salmoniflumine, 15 –
250 μm long; also P. minnesotense produces larger conidia
on average; subspherical to spherical to broadly ellipsoidal,
occasionally nearly pyriform (2.8 –)3 – 4.5(– 9) µm, in short
disordered chains, with smooth to finely roughened walls, in
contrast to P. salmoniflumine with conidia ellipsoidal to spherical (2 –)2.5 – 3.5(– 6) μm, in loose to well-defined columns,
with smooth to finely roughened walls (Peterson et al. 2015).
Supplementary material
FP938 Maximum likelihood tree of Penicillium minnesotense sp. nov. and
closely related species (19 strains in total) based on concatenated BenA,
CaM, ITS and RPB2 DNA sequences give evidence of net separation of
this new species from the other well-resolved branch. All positions with less
than 90 % site coverage were eliminated, i.e., fewer than 10 % alignment
gaps, missing data, and ambiguous bases were allowed at any position
(partial deletion option); 2 144 positions were used in the final dataset. The
evolutionary history was inferred by using the Maximum Likelihood method
and Tamura 3-parameter model as implemented in MEGA X (Kumar et al.
2018). The tree with the highest log likelihood (-11093.69) is shown. The
percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown
next to the branches. Support values at branches were obtained from 1 000
bootstrap replicates. Bootstrap support values greater than 70 % are shown.
Željko Jurjević & Amy Erhard, EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077, USA;
e-mail: zjurjevic@emsl.com & aerhard@emsl.com
Giancarlo Perrone & Donato Magistà, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy;
e-mail: giancarlo.perrone@ispa.cnr.it & donato.magista@ispa.cnr.it
Stephen W. Peterson, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture,
1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA; e-mail: stephen.peterson@ars.usda.gov
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
446
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Penicillium alagoense
447
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 939 – 19 July 2019
Penicillium alagoense L.O. Ferro, A.D. Cavalcanti, O.M.C. Magalhães, Souza-Motta
& J.D.P. Bezerra, sp. nov.
Etymology. The name refers to the Brazilian state, Alagoas, where this
fungus was found.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
On malt extract agar (MEA), conidiophores varying in length,
erect not ramified, 70 – 300 × 2 – 2.5 μm; stipes septate with
wall echinulate and apice enlarged (4 μm); asymmetric penicilli,
monoverticillate, occasionally with branch, biverticillate, lightly
echinulate, spathulate, 10.5 –15.5 × 2 – 2.5 μm; phialides ampulliform, 3 – 4(– 5) phialides per metulae, 7.5 –10 × 2 – 2.5 μm;
conidia smooth to echinulate, globose, greenish, 2 – 3.5 µm.
Culture characteristics (25 °C, 7 d, darkness) — On Czapek
Yeast extract Agar (CYA): colonies slightly raised, texture velvety, radially sulcate, slow sporulation, centrally purplish grey,
hyaline mycelium with whitish margin, exudate and pigment
absent; reverse cream. On MEA: colonies low, plane, texture
velvety, light sporulation, greyish green to greenish glaucous,
hyaline mycelium with whitish margin, exudate and pigment absent; reverse brownish to umber. On Yeast Extract Sucrose agar
(YES): colonies slightly raised, texture velvety radially sulcate,
slow sporulation, centrally purplish grey, hyaline mycelium with
whitish margin, exudate and pigment absent; reverse cream to
brownish. On oatmeal agar (OA): colonies low, plane, texture
velvety, greenish olivaceous, hyaline mycelium with whitish
margin, aerial mycelium centrally observed, exudate and pigment absent; reverse whitish. On Dichloran 18 % Glycerol agar
(DG18): colonies low, plane, texture velvety, greyish to centrally
greenish olivaceous, hyaline mycelium with whitish margin,
exudate and pigment absent; reverse cream to yellowish. On
Creatine sucrose agar (CREA): weak growth and very weak or
no acid production. Colony diam, in mm, after 7 d, darkness –
CYA: 15 °C 13 –15, 25 °C 26 – 28, 30 °C 19, 37 °C no growth;
MEA: 15 °C 18, 25 °C 35–43, 30 °C 31, 37 °C no growth; YES:
15 °C 13–14, 25 °C 19–21, 30 °C 18–19, 37 °C no growth; AO:
15 °C 13 –14, 25 °C 32 – 37, 30 °C 35 – 38, 37 °C no growth;
DG18: 15 °C 5, 25 °C 23 – 24, 30 °C 19 – 29, 37 °C no growth;
CREA: 15 °C 8, 25 °C 5–7, 30 °C 3, 37 °C no growth.
(6 – 8 per metulae, 7.7–10.5 × 2.3 – 3 µm), metulae (26.4 – 32 ×
2.4–3 µm) and by the production of conidia that are ellipsoidal,
globose or subglobose (3.5 – 5 × 1.8 – 2.4 µm) (Ramírez 1982).
In addition, P. alagoense differs from P. skrjabinii by macroscopic characteristics presenting lower growth in the colonies
and no growth at 37 °C.
Typus. BrAZil, Alagoas state, Quebrangulo, Pedra Talhada Biological
Reserve, S09°15'26.8" W36°25'53.7", as endophyte from leaves of Miconia
sp. (Melastomataceae), July 2018, L.O. Ferro (holotype URM 93058, culture ex-type URM 8086, ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2 sequences GenBank
MK804503, MK802333, MK802336 and MK802338, MycoBank MB830760).
Additional materials examined. BrAZil, Alagoas state, Quebrangulo, Pedra
Talhada Biological Reserve, S09°14'47.0" W36°25'15.0", as endophyte from
leaves of Miconia sp., July 2018, L.O. Ferro, URM 8087, ITS, BenA, CaM
and RPB2 sequences GenBank MK804502, MK802332, MK802335 and
MK802337; Alagoas state, Quebrangulo, Pedra Talhada Biological Reserve,
S09°14'47.0" W36°25'15.0", as endophyte from leaves of Handroathus albus
(Bignoniaceae), July 2018, A.D. Cavalcanti, B17B, BenA sequence GenBank
MK802334.
Notes — Penicillium alagoense exhibits phylogenetic and
morphological similarities to P. skrjabinii. Penicillium alagoense
differs from P. skrjabinii by the numbers and size of phialides
Colour illustrations. Atlantic Forest area in Pedra Talhada Biological
Reserve. Cultures on MEA, CYA, YES, DG18 and CREA after 7 d at 25 °C;
conidiophores, phialides, metulae and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Bayesian inference (BI) tree obtained by a phylogenetic analysis of the
combined ITS rDNA, BenA and CaM sequences conducted in MrBayes on
XSEDE and Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis in RAxML in the CIPRES
science gateway (Miller et al. 2010). The substitution model GTR+I+G was
used for ITS, SYM+G for CaM, and GTR+G for BenA alignments in the BI
and GTR+G+I in the ML. Bayesian posterior probability and Maximum Likehood bootstrap support values are indicated at the nodes. The new species is
indicated in bold. Penicillium glabrum (CBS 125543) was used as outgroup.
Layanne O. Ferro, Anthony D. Cavalcanti, Oliane M.C. Magalhães, Cristina M. Souza-Motta & Jadson D.P. Bezerra,
Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; e-mail: layanne.ferro93@hotmail.com,
anthonycavalcanti@yahoo.com.br, olimicomed@gmail.com, souzamotta@yahoo.com.br & jadsondpb@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
448
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Penicillium lunae
449
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 940 – 19 July 2019
Penicillium lunae Visagie & Yilmaz, sp. nov.
Etymology. Latin, lunae, named after Luna Visagie. This species was
isolated from a banana she was about to eat.
Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Conidiophores monoverticillate, miner proportion biverticillate;
stipes smooth-walled, 13–60 × 2–3(–3.5) μm; vesicle 5–7 μm;
metulae two when present, 18 – 30 × 2 – 3(– 3.5) μm; phialides
ampulliform, 10 – 20 per vesicle, (7.5 –)8 –10 × 2 – 3 μm (8.8 ±
0.8 × 2.5 ± 0.4); average length metula/phialide 2.5; conidia
smooth-walled, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, 2 – 3(– 3.5)
× 1.5 – 2(– 2.5) μm (2.2 ± 0.4 × 1.8 ± 0.2), average width /
length = 1.2, n = 70.
Culture characteristics (25 °C, 7 d) — On Czapek yeast
autolysate agar (CYA): Colonies low, slightly radially sulcate,
sunken in centrally; margins low, wide (3 mm), entire; mycelia
white; texture floccose; sporulation moderately dense, conidia
en masse greyish to dull green (26B3 – C3 – D4); soluble pigments absent; exudates clear, minute droplets; reverse greenish white (30A2), yellowish white to pale yellow (2A2 – 3). On
malt extract agar (MEA): Colonies low, plain, raised centrally;
margins low, narrow (1 mm), entire; mycelia white; texture floccose; sporulation moderately dense, conidia en masse greyish to dull green (26B3–C3–D4); soluble pigments absent; exudates clear, minute droplets; reverse yellowish white to pale
yellow (2A2–3). On yeast extract sucrose agar (YES): Colonies
low, slightly radially sulcate; margins low, wide (3 mm), entire;
mycelia white; texture floccose; sporulation moderately dense,
ITS|BenA|CaM|RPB2
conidia en masse greyish to dull green (26B3 – C3 – D4); soluble pigments absent; exudates clear, minute droplets; reverse
pale to light yellow (3A3 – 4). On dichloran 18 % glycerol agar
(DG18): Colonies low, plain, sunken in centrally; margins low,
wide (3 mm), entire; mycelia white; texture floccose, loosely
funiculose; sporulation moderately dense, conidia en masse
greyish to dull green (26B3 – C3 – D4); soluble pigments absent; exudates clear, minute droplets; reverse greenish white
(30A2), yellowish white to pale yellow (2A2 – 3). Colony diam
(in mm): CYA 34–36; CYA 30 °C 28–29; CYA 37 °C no growth;
CYAS 33 – 35; MEAbl 25 – 26; DG18 24 – 25; YES 34 – 35; OA
28; PDA 29 – 30.
Typus. South AfricA, Gauteng Province, Pretoria, from Musa sp. (Musaceae), 2018, coll. N. Yilmaz, isol. C.M. Visagie (holotype PREM 62233,
cultures ex-type PPRI 25881 = CMV006E6, LSU, ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2
sequences GenBank MK598746, MK450725, MK451088, MK451660 and
MK450863; MycoBank MB830682).
Notes — A BLAST search against an ex-type reference sequence dataset placed the new species in Penicillium sect. Cinnamopurpurea (Visagie et al. 2014b). A multigene phylogeny
based on ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2 resolves Penicillium lunae
as sister to P. chermesinum. All four genes can be used to make
an identification. Morphologically, the new species is easily
distinguished from P. chermesinum based on the absence of
sclerotia and no growth on CYA at 37 °C. Microscopically, they
are very similar except for P. lunae producing longer phialides
((7.5 –)8 –10 vs 7– 8 μm) (Pitt 1980).
P. infrapurpureum CBS138219T [KJ775679, KJ775172, KJ775406]
P. cvjetkovickii NRRL35841T [KF932963, KF932931, KF932948, KF933002]
P. monsgalena NRRL22302T [KF932959, KF932927, KF932943, KF932997]
92
98
P. salmoniflumine NRRL35837T [KF932960, KF932928, KF932945, KF932999]
100
P. lemhiflumine NRRL35843T [KF932964, KF932932, KF932949, KF933003]
P. fluviserpens NRRL35838T [KF932961, KF932929, KF932946, KF933000]
99
P. ellipsoideosporum CBS112493T [JX012224, JQ965104, AY678559, JN121427]
98
100
P. colei NRRL13013T [KF932958, KF932926, KF932942, KF932996]
100
P. monsserratidens NRRL35840T [KF932962, KF932930, KF932947, KF933001]
P. idahoense CBS341.68T [KC411747, EF626953, EF626954, JN121499]
P. cinnamopurpureum CBS429.65T [EF626950, EF626948, EF626949, JN406533]
100
97
P. cinnamopurpureum CMV003F4 [MK450680, MK450964, MK451598]
P. parvulum CBS132825T [EF422845, EF506218, EF506225]
P. gravinicasei NRRL66733T [MG600580, MG600565, MG600570, MG600575]
P. jiangxiense AS3.6521T [KJ890411, KJ890409, KJ890407]
P. incoloratum CBS101753T [KJ834508, KJ834457, KJ866984, JN406651]
88
100
P. shennangjianum CBS228.89T [KC411705, KJ834491, AY678561, JN121458]
P. nodulum CBS227.89T [KC411703, KJ834475, KJ867003, JN406603]
P. malacaense CBS160.81T [EU427300, EU427268, KJ866997, JN406626]
P. chermesinum CBS231.81T [AY742693, KJ834441, AY741728, JN406581]
100
97
P. chermesinum CMV011D8 [MK450679, MK451202, MK451596, MK450829]
P. lunae PPRI25881T [MK450725, MK451088, MK451660, MK450863]
P. charlesii CBS304.48T [AF033400, JX091508, AY741727, JN121486]
100
92
96
x4
x4
0.05
Colour illustrations. Luna Visagie with her banana. Colonies on CYA;
colonies on MEA; colony texture on MEA; conidiophores. Scale bars = 10
µm.
Combined phylogeny of sect. Cinnamopurpurea based on ITS, BenA, CaM
and RPB2. Aligned datasets were analysed in IQ-tree v. 1.6.8. Bootstrap
support values (≥ 80 %) are given above branches. The new species is
indicated by bold text, T = ex-type strain. GenBank accession numbers
are given between square brackets (ITS = green, BenA = blue, CaM = red,
RPB2 = orange). The tree is rooted to P. charlesii.
Cobus M. Visagie, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa,
and Biosystematics Division, Agricultural Research Council – Plant Health and Protection, P. Bag X134, Queenswood,
Pretoria 0121, South Africa; e-mail: cobus.visagie@up.ac.za
Neriman Yilmaz, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI),
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa;
e-mail: neriman.yilmazvisagie@fabi.up.ac.za
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
450
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Phialemonium guarroi
451
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 941 – 19 July 2019
Phialemonium guarroi Rodr.-Andr., Cano & Stchigel, sp. nov.
Etymology. In honour of the mycologist Josep Guarro Artigas.
Classification — Cephalothecaceae, Sordariales, Sordariomycetes.
Mycelium composed of septate, hyaline, smooth- and thinwalled hyphae, 1.5 – 2 μm wide, becoming cinnamon and
moniliform in old cultures, whose cells reach up to 10 μm diam.
Conidiophores absent or poorly differentiated, often consisting
in single lateral phialides and adelophialides borne directly
from aerial hyphae, occasionally composed of a short stipe
of up to 15 μm long and bearing 1– 3 phialides in an irregular
arrangement. Phialides abundant, hyaline, smooth-walled,
flask-shaped, with more or less inflated at the base and tapering
towards the top, 12 –15 × 1.5 – 2 μm, percurrently proliferating
to form long chains in old cultures. Adelophialides hyaline,
smooth-walled, cylindrical but slightly tapering towards the top,
12 –15 × 1.5 – 2 μm. Conidia hyaline, aseptate, lemon-shaped,
3 – 3.5 × 1.5 – 2 μm, smooth-walled, produced in chains of up
to 25 conidia, with a cylindrical-truncate scar at both ends.
Chlamydospores and sexual morph not observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on OA reaching 9–10 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, flattened, velvety, grey (6B1; Kornerup & Wanscher 1978), margins regular, sporulation sparse,
exudate absent; reverse pale yellow (3A3), diffusible pigment
absent. Colonies on PCA attaining 10 –11 mm diam after 2 wk
at 25 °C, flattened, velvety, white (4A2), margins regular, sporulation abundant, exudate absent; reverse yellowish grey
(3B2), diffusible pigment absent. Colonies on PDA of 12–13 mm
diam after 2 wk at 25 °C, elevated, velvety to floccose, margin
irregular, yellowish brown (5E4) at centre and yellowish grey
(3B2) at edge, exudate absent, sporulation abundant; reverse
olive brown (4E6) at centre and white (4A1) at edge, diffusible
pigments absent. Minimum, optimal and maximum temperature
of growth (on PDA): 15 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C, respectively.
Notes — Phialemonium guarroi was recovered from a soil
sample collected in Punta Gorda, La Palma, Canary Islands,
Spain. The genus Phialemonium was established by Gams &
McGinnis (1983). Phialemonium contains seven accepted species, mostly isolated from environmental sources and human
specimens (Rivero et al. 2009, Perdomo et al. 2011, Guarro
2012, Crous et al. 2015b). Phialemonium guarroi is morphologically similar to Phialemonium inflatum. However, the new
species can be distinguished from the latter due to the production of phialides which proliferate percurrently to form long
chains (feature not reported in P. inflatum) and the production of
smaller conidia than those of P. inflatum. Based on a megablast
search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hit
using the ITS sequence is the ex-type strain of P. inflatum CBS
259.39 (GenBank LT633912; Identities = 490/535 (92 %), 10
gaps (1 %)); using the LSU sequence was the same ex-type
strain of P. inflatum (GenBank LT633912; Identities = 845/857
(99 %), no gaps). The ITS-LSU phylogenetic tree corroborated
the placement of our isolate as a new species of Phialemonium,
being located phylogenetically close to P. inflatum.
Phialemonium sp. FMR 17080 RAxML/BI ITS-LSU
Phialemonium obovatum CBS 279.76
Phialemonium obovatum CBS 730.97 T
Cephalotheca foveolata UTHSC 08-2766
100 / 0.99
Cephalotheca foveolata NBRC 100905 T
Phialemonium atrogriseum CBS 604.67 T
Phialemonium atrogriseum CBS 306.85
Typus. SpAin, Canarias, Santa Cruz de Tenerife province, La Palma, Punta
Gorda, isolated from soil, Aug. 2009, A.M. Stchigel & M. Calduch (holotype
CBS H-23924, cultures ex-type FMR 17080 = CBS 145626; ITS and LSU
sequences GenBank LR535737 and LR535738, MycoBank MB830182).
Phialemonium guarroi FMR 17080 T
Phialemonium globosum CBS 131713 T
91 / 0.99
Phialemonium limoniforme FMR 13627 T
78 / 0.99
94 / -
Phialemonium inflatum NBRC 31965
93 / 0.98
Phialemonium inflatum CBS 259.39 T
Cephalotheca sulfurea CBS 135.34
Phialemonium dimorphosporum CBS 491.82
Phialemonium curvatum UTHSC 06-4324
Lecythophora luteoviridis CBS 206.38
Lecythophora lignicola CBS 267.33 T
T
0.04
Colour illustrations. Typical vegetation of La Palma island, Canary Islands
archipelago, Spain (Photo credit: A. DeCort). Moniliform cells, adelophialides,
phialides and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the ITS-LSU alignment of our isolate
and sequences retrieved from GenBank. The tree was built by using RAxML
CIPRES (http://www.phylo.org/sub_sections/portal/) and the analysis of probability was run in MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Bootstrap support
(BS) values ≥ 70 % and Bayesian posterior probability (PP) values ≥ 0.95
are presented at the nodes. Fully supported branches (100 % BS / 1 PP) are
indicated in bold. Lecythophora luteoviridis CBS 206.38 and Lecythophora
lignicola CBS 267.33 were used as outgroup. The new species proposed in
this study is indicated in bold. T Represents the ex-type strains of the taxa
employed in this analysis.
Ernesto Rodríguez-Andrade, José F. Cano-Lira & Alberto M. Stchigel, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV,
Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain;
e-mail: dc.ernesto.roan@outlook.com, jose.cano@urv.cat & albertomiguel.stchigel@urv.cat
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
452
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Phyllosticta longicauda
453
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 942 – 19 July 2019
Phyllosticta longicauda Mapperson, Bransgr., R.G. Shivas & Dearnaley, sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the long apical appendages on the conidia.
Classification — Phyllostictaceae, Botryosphaeriales, Dothideomycetes.
Typus. AuStrAliA, Queensland, Mt Kingsthorpe, Kingsthorpe, next to walking track at top of mountain, S27°28'48" E151°49'55", alt. 620 m, isolated as
an endophyte from healthy leaves of Eustrephus latifolius (Asparagaceae),
8 June 2010, R.R. Mapperson RMELV3.21 (holotype BRIP 66984, ITS
sequence GenBank MH971220, MycoBank MB828031).
Conidiomata produced on PDA after 4 wk at 23 °C. Pycnidia
black, abundant and aggregated on surface of agar, unilocular, subglobose, up to 500 µm diam; wall dark reddish brown.
Conidiophores subcylindrical, up to 3-septate, 10 – 40 × 2–6
µm, subhyaline to hyaline, sometimes branched, often with a
swollen basal cell up to 12 µm diam. Conidiogenous cells terminal, hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical, 10 – 20 × 2 – 4 µm. Conidia
subglobose, broadly ellipsoidal or obovoid, with a truncate base
and rounded apex, hyaline, 6–12 × 6–8 µm, aseptate, smooth,
with a large subglobose vacuole, enclosed in an inconspicuous
mucilaginous sheath, with an inconspicuous apical tapered
hyaline appendage up to 30 µm long. Sexual morph not seen.
Culture characteristics — Colonies on PDA up to 3 cm diam
after 1 mo at 23 °C, flattened, without aerial mycelium, margins
irregular, surface grey in the central part, pale yellow in the
outer part, reverse buff becoming lighter towards the margin;
up to 5 cm diam after 6 mo, surface and reverse dark grey to
black, margins coralloid to irregular, subhyaline conidial ooze
on parts of surface.
Notes — Phyllosticta is a large genus of foliar Dothideomycetes with more than 3 000 epithets currently listed in MycoBank. Phyllosticta contains many significant plant pathogenic
species as well as saprobic and endophytic species (Van der Aa
& Vanev 2002, Glienke et al. 2011, Wikee et al. 2013). Recent
studies of rainforest plants in southern and northern Queensland (Mapperson 2014, Bransgrove unpubl.) indicated that there
were many undescribed species of Phyllosticta that occurred as
endophytes. Based on ITS sequence BLAST searches against
the GenBank database, P. longicauda has 96 % identity to a
number of fungal taxa including P. cordylinophila (582/604; GenBank AB454357) and P. aristolochiicola (580/604; GenBank
NR111791). Morphologically, P. longicauda has larger pycnidia
than P. cordylinophila (80 –160 µm diam in P. cordylinophila)
and longer conidial appendages than P. aristolochiicola (3 –7
µm long in P. aristolochiicola). Phylogenetically, P. longicauda
was sister to a clade containing P. alliacea, P. fallopiae, P. paracapitalensis and P. capitalensis.
Colour illustrations. Eustrephus latifolius at Mt Kingsthorpe (Photo credit:
John Dearnaley). Colony of Phyllosticta longicauda on PDA; conidiomata;
conidia. Scale bars = 1 cm, 1 mm, 10 μm.
A Bayesian inference tree of selected Phyllosticta taxa based on the
alignment of ITS (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) sequences. Analyses were done with
MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Huelsenbeck & Ronquist 2001) on the Geneious v. 9.1.8
platform (Biomatters Ltd.) based on the GTR substitution model with gammadistribution rate variation. The scale bar represents expected substitutions
per site. Posterior probability values are indicated on the nodes. Phyllosticta
citricarpa was used as the outgroup. The new species proposed in this study
is indicated in bold.
Rachel R. Mapperson, Roger G. Shivas & John D.W. Dearnaley, Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland,
Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia; e-mail: Raquella_1@hotmail.com, roger.shivas@usq.edu.au & john.dearnaley@usq.edu.au
Kaylene Bransgrove, Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia;
e-mail: Kaylene.Bransgrove@daf.qld.gov.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
454
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Pluteus ludwigii
455
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 943 – 19 July 2019
Pluteus ludwigii Ferisin, Justo & Dovana, sp. nov.
Classification — Pluteaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata medium-sized, agaricoid. Pileus 20–30 mm, hemispherical at first, then plano-concave to concave, with straight
margin sometimes reflexed, not hygrophanous, dark brown at
centre, pallescent towards margin to light brown, surface glabrous, weakly to strongly venous at centre, surface occasionally
cracked demonstrating whitish context underneath. Lamellae
moderately crowded, free, slightly ventricose, up to 4 mm
broad, first whitish later pink with flocculose edge. Stipe 30–45
× 2 – 4 mm, cylindrical, bulbous, pubescent, white all over,
sometimes grey at the base. Context white. Smell and taste
not distinctive. Basidia 21– 26 × 8 –10 µm, clavate, 4-spored.
Basidiospores (5.3–)5.8 – 6.6(– 6.9) × (4.9 –)5.2 – 5.7(– 6) µm,
Q = (1.02–)1.09–1.21(–1.29), subglobose to broadly ellipsoid,
thick-walled, non-amyloid, cyanophilous. Cheilocystidia 50–77
× 19–25 µm, abundant, thin-walled, hyaline, variable in shape,
fusiform, narrowly utriform, subcapitate to clavate, so numerous
as to make the lamellar edge sterile. Pleurocystidia 70 – 90 ×
22 – 32 µm, thin-walled, hyaline; shape variable from fusiform
to clavate. Pileipellis a hymeniderm made up of broadly clavate
or sphaeropedunculate elements, some mucronate, 33 – 51
× 20 – 30 µm, pigment intracellular (vacuolar), light brown or
brown. Stipitipellis a cutis of light brown, 4–10 µm wide hyphae.
Caulocystidia present only in apical part of the stipe, clavate.
Clamp connections absent in all tissues.
Habitat & Distribution — Solitary, on twigs of broadleaved
trees. So far only known from the type locality.
Vellinga (1990)). Pluteus eludens recently reported from Portugal, Russia and USA, is distinguished by a pileus margin
rugose-venose or translucently striate, longer spores (6 – 8.2 ×
5.2–7.3 µm), different pileipellis with variable terminal elements
in shape, darkly pigmented cheilocystidia and cylindrical or lageniform caulocystidia (Justo et al. 2011). Pluteus phlebophorus
differs in larger spore size ((5.5 –)7– 8(– 9.5) × (4.5 –)5 –7 µm)
and larger terminal elements of the pileipellis (Vellinga 1990).
Pluteus nanus differs mainly in a non-venous pileus centre and
larger spores (6.5 –)7– 9.5(–10) × 5.5–7 µm (Vellinga 1990).
The two collections of P. ludwigii clustered in a strongly supported clade (maximum likelihood bootstrap support value
(MLB) = 98 %) which is sister (with no support) to a collection
from Korea incorrectly determined as P. podospileus (GenBank
KR673523) and are placed within the /cinereofuscus clade
(MLB = 95 %). Compared to P. ludwigii, P. podospileus has a
subtomentose to squamulose at centre pileus, larger spores
5.5–7.5(–8) × (4–)4.5–6 µm and presence of narrowly conical
to fusiform elements in the pileipellis, (20 –)36 –120(– 200) ×
(11–)15 – 35(– 40) µm (Vellinga 1990).
98 Pluteus ludwigii MCVE30136, holotype Italy
Pluteus ludwigii MCVE30137 Italy
Pluteus podospileus KA121285 South Korea KR673523
99
Pluteus eludens MA50497 Madeira Island HM562118
99
Pluteus cinereofuscus AJ229 Portugal HM562108
Pluteus eludens SF15 USA (Illinois) HM562185
Pluteus cinereofuscus AJ324 Spain HM562124
Pluteus nanus UC1859494 USA (California) KF306029
99
Pluteus nanus BRNM761723 Czech Rep. LN866290
Typus. SloveniA, Nova Goricȃ, Panoveĉ Park, on twigs of broadleaved
trees, in wet shady places, 9 Sept. 2018, G. Ferisin (holotype MCVE30136,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK834525 and MK834527, MycoBank
MB830750).
Pluteus sapiicola SP394387 Brazil HM562146
/cinereofuscus
Etymology. Named in honour of the famous German mycologist Erhard
Ludwig.
Pluteus rimosoaffinis SP416740 Brazil KM983706
Pluteus cf jamaicensis SP393705 Brazil FJ816662
Pluteus extremiorientalis LE262871 Russia KM658279
95
Additional material examined. SloveniA, Nova Goricȃ, Panoveĉ Park, on
twigs of broadleaved trees, in wet shady places, 12 May 2018, G. Ferisin,
MCVE30137, ITS sequence GenBank MK834526.
Pluteus multiformis AC4249 Spain HM562201
Pluteus nanus UC1861232 USA (California) KC147678
Pluteus romellii LE303660 Russia KX216326
100
Pluteus aurantiorugosus TO-AVPP212 Italy HQ654908
Notes — Terminology for descriptive terms is according to
Vellinga (1988). Maximum-likelihood analysis of the ITS region
was performed with RAxML v. 8.2.1 (Stamatakis 2014) using the
GTR+G model as implemented in Geneious v. 11.1.4. Pluteus
ludwigii is characterised by its small-sized basidiomata with a
brown and venous centre pileus, small ((5.3 –)5.8 – 6.6(– 6.9) ×
(4.9 –)5.2 – 5.7(– 6) µm), subglobose to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores, hymeniderm with clavate or sphaeropedunculate
elements and cheilocystidia variable in shape. Morphologically,
P. ludwigii is close to P. cinereofuscus, P. eludens, P. phlebophorus and P. nanus. Pluteus cinereofuscus can be distinguished
from P. ludwigii by a hygrophanous pileus with olivaceous tinges
and larger spore size ((6.5–)7–9(–10.5) × (5–)5.5–7(–7.5) µm;
Pluteus cubensis SP394389 Brazil HM562161
Pluteus brunneosquamulosus K12794 India JN603204
100
94
98
Pluteus fenzlii Slovakia HM562111
Pluteus mammillatus USA (Florida) HM562120
Pluteus ephebeus «group» Virgin Islands AJ478 KM983675
Pluteus tomentosulus MO163564 USA (Pennsylvania) KM983673
Pluteus seticeps Illinois HM562199
83
72
Pluteus podospileus AJ782 USA (Massachusetts) KM983687
Pluteus necopinatus FK1701 Brazil KM983693
71
Pluteus karstedtiae FK637 Brazil KM983683
Pluteus hispidulus A1882 Spain KM983681
Pluteus chrysophlebius LE 303664 Russia KX216312
Pluteus thomsonii 603 Italy JF908607
Pluteus diettrichii GM2581 Spain KM983714
100
Pluteus petasatus AJ201 Spain HM562038
Pluteus cervinus AJ82 Spain HM562035
0.03
Colour illustrations. Panoveĉ Park, Nova Goricȃ, Slovenia. Pluteus ludwigii
basidiomata in habitat; basidiospores; pileipellis elements; pleurocystidia and
cheilocystidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
The ITS phylogenetic tree was inferred using the Maximum likelihood (ML)
method based on the GTR+G model in RAxML v. 8.2.1. Only bootstrap values
The ITS phylogenetic
tree was
inferred using
thethe
Maximum
likelihood
(ML) method
based on
≥ 70 % are
indicated
on
nodes
(1 000
bootstraps).
the GTR+G model in RAxML v.8.2.1. Only ML bootstrap values ≥ 70 % are indicated on the nodes (1 000 bootstraps).
Francesco Dovana & Alfredo Vizzini, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin,
Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy; e-mail: francesco.dovana@unito.it & alfredo.vizzini@unito.it
Giuliano Ferisin, Via A. Vespucci 7, 1537, 33052 Cervignano del Friuli (UD), Italy; e-mail: gferisin@alice.it
Alfredo Justo, Department of Biology, Clark University, 950 Main St, Worcester, 01610, MA, USA; e-mail: AJusto@clarku.edu
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
456
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Podosordaria nigrobrunnea
457
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 944 – 19 July 2019
Podosordaria nigrobrunnea R.F.R. Melo & A.C.S. Silva, sp. nov.
Etymology. nigrobrunnea refers to the colour of the stroma, dark brown
to black.
Classification — Xylariaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes.
On dung of unknown origin: Stromata erect, monopodial, dichotomously branched to finally antler-like, straight to tortuous, with
one to three branching points, 46 – 59 mm long, 3.5 – 4 mm
diam; stipe cylindrical near the base, eventually flattened
near the first branching point, glabrous to slightly pilose at the
base, dark brown to black, with surface composed of parallel
to anastomosing ridges, with ectostromal surface cracking in
a somewhat reticulated pattern towards its tip, 39 – 42 mm;
conidiogenous part usually with thin to flabelliform branches,
occasionally interlaced at the tip, greyish to yellowish white,
finally pale yellow, with surface composed by a powdery to
fibrillose mass of mature conidia, 15 –17.5 mm. Conidiophores
formed at the stromatal branches, from the first branching point
up to most tips, with a supporting hyphae branching near base
to form a subhyaline to pale brown nodulisporium-like palisade,
smooth, up to 90 μm long. Conidiogenous cells solitary, hyaline,
smooth, terminal, tightly clustered, cylindrical or obconical due
the occasional swelling at its tip, weakly to non-cyanophilous,
17.5 – 25 × 2.5 – 5 μm, with discoid to denticulate secession
denticles. Conidia solitary, hyaline, smooth, varying in shape:
subglobose, ellipsoid, oblong, turbinate, napiform or hexagonal,
tapering towards to a subacute to acute apex, with truncate or
obconically truncate base, usually straight, occasionally slightly
flexuous, aseptate, (10 –)11–12.5 × 4.5 –7.5 μm, 6.5 –7.5 μm
diam when subglobose. Sexual morph not observed.
Notes — Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank
nucleotide database using the ITS sequence, the closest species (91 %) was Podosordaria tulasnei (GenBank AY572970.1
and KT281902.1). The MAFFT alignment consisted of 39 sequences, mainly species of Xylarioideae, which includes Podosordaria. Cainia graminis (GenBank KR092793.1) was elected
as outgroup. Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) analyses were constructed on the CIPRES Science
Gateway portal using the RAxML-HPC BlackBox v. 8.2.10 and
MrBayes v. 3.2.6, respectively. The ML phylogenetic tree is
shown with both Bayesian posterior probability and maximum
likelihood bootstrap support values. The sequence clustered
with the Podosordaria tulasnei and Xylaria vaporaria sequences. This grouping was well supported by the BI analysis (0.99),
but had low bootstrap support in the ML analysis (47 %), which
may be due the limited number of Xylariaceae sequences in
the database. Species of Poronia and Podosordaria are usually coprophilous representatives of Xylariaceae. The material
presented here shows that both a geniculosporium-like as
a nodulisporium-like asexual morph can be observed in Podosordaria. Stromata of P. nigrobrunnea were collected directly
on herbivore dung at field. Although phylogenetically closely
related to P. tulasnei, the conidial morph of P. nigrobrunnea presents larger (11–12.5 × 4.5–7.5 μm), variously shaped conidia,
in contrast with the minute, ovate-globose conidia of P. tulasnei.
Typus. BrAZil, Paraíba, Cabedelo, S7°3'58.3" W34°51'16.39", on dung,
2015, A. de Meiras-Ottoni (holotype URM 92162, ITS sequence GenBank
MK049926, MycoBank MB828271).
Colour illustrations. Floresta Nacional da Restinga de Cabedelo, Paraíba
State. Fresh stromata in situ; dry stromata; conidiogenous part of the stromata; conidiogenous nodulisporium-like cells, with visible denticles; conidia.
Scale bars = 10 mm (stromata), 10 μm (conidiogenous part of the stromata
and conidia), 5 μm (conidiogenous nodulisporium-like cells).
Maximum Likelihood tree inferred with RAxML-HPC BlackBox v. 8.2.10
from the ITS region. Bootstrap support (BS) values ≥ 50 % and Bayesian
posterior probabilities (PP) ≥ 0.5 are displayed at the nodes as BS /PP.
GenBank accession numbers are indicated behind the species names. Bar
represents the expected substitutions per site. Type strains are indicated with
superscript T. The novel species is indicated in bold. Alignment and tree in
TreeBASE under 23082.
Roger F.R. Melo, Angelina de M. Ottoni & Ana Carla da Silva Santos,
Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: rogerfrmelo@gmail.com, angel.m.ottoni@gmail.com & ana.carla.bio@hotmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
458
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Saitozyma wallum
459
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 945 – 19 July 2019
Saitozyma wallum Gogorza Gondra, J. Kruse, McTaggart, Boekhout & R.G. Shivas,
sp. nov.
Etymology. Derived from the word ‘wallum’, which in the Kabi Kabi language is the name for Banksia aemula, the plant species from which this
fungus was isolated in the Sunshine Coast, Australia.
Classification — Trimorphomycetaceae, Tremellales, Tremellomycetes.
On MYPGA (Malt 0.3 %, Yeast 0.3 %, Peptone 0.5 %, Glucose
1 %, Agar 1.5 %), after 5 d at 25 °C, colony is raised, smooth,
glossy, cream to white, 1–1.5 mm with an entire margin; cells
are subglobose to ellipsoidal, 2 – 5 × 1.5 – 3.5 μm, occurring
singly or in small clusters and proliferating by polar budding
on a narrow base. Sexual spores, pseudohyphae or hyphae
were not observed. Fermentation and assimilation of carbon
compounds – see MycoBank MB827331.
Typus. AuStrAliA, Queensland, Bribie Island, S27°00'11.3" E153°07'14.1",
on leaves of Banksia aemula (Proteaceae), 21 Feb. 2018, R.A. Gogorza
Gondra, N.V. Wolter, M.D.E. Shivas & R.G. Shivas (holotype preserved
as metabolically inactive culture BRIP 66859; culture ex-type BRIP 66859,
ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MH793357and MH793355, MycoBank
MB827331).
Notes — Saitozyma wallum is the fifth species described in
this genus of basidiomycetous yeasts and filamentous fungi (Liu
et al. 2015a). Saitozyma was proposed for yeasts in the flavus
clade sensu Liu et al. (2015b), which is equivalent to the podzolicus clade sensu Boekhout et al. (2011). Saitozyma contains
species formerly assigned to Cryptococcus and Bullera, namely
C. flavus, C. paraflavus, C. podzolicus and B. ninhbinhensis.
Saitozyma wallum was isolated using a spore fall technique
(Pennycook & Newhook 1978) from the abaxial surface of a
leaf of Banksia aemula, collected in wallum heathland on Bribie
Island. The wallum heathland is floristically diverse and endemically rich, restricted to coastal parts of southern Queensland
and northern New South Wales (Keith et al. 2014).
Saitozyma wallum had high sequence identity to S. podzolica
(GenBank NR_073213, 451/483 base pairs, 93 % in the ITS
region; GenBank NG_058283.1, 847/894 base pairs, 95 % in
the LSU region) and S. ninhbinhensis (GenBank AB261011,
541/583 base pairs, 93 % in the LSU region) in a BLAST search
against sequences from ex-types. Saitozyma wallum was sister
to S. podzolica (CBS 6819) and an as yet unpublished Saitozyma species (GenBank AB720988) isolated from the bark
of a cinnamon tree in India. There was intraspecific diversity
within S. wallum as evidenced by two SNPs in the ITS region
of three specimens.
Phylogram obtained from a maximum likelihood search in IQ-TREE v. 1.7
beta, with a GTR gamma FreeRate heterogeneity model of evolution and different rates for ITS and LSU ribosomal DNA loci (command -spp -m GTR+R).
aRLT values (≥ 0.9) and bootstrap support values (≥ 75 %) from 10 000
replicates are shown above nodes. Asterisks (*) indicate ex-type sequences.
Colour illustrations. Banksia aemula in wallum heathland on Bribie Island,
Australia. Colonies on MYPG agar; budding cells. Scale bars = 1 cm, 1 mm,
10 μm.
R. Adrian Gogorza Gondra, P.O. Box 80125, 3508 TC Utrecht, University Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: r.a.gogorzagondra@students.uu.nl
Alistair R. McTaggart, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4069, Australia;
e-mail: a.mctaggart@uq.edu.au
Teun Boekhout, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands and
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
e-mail: t.boekhout@wi.knaw.nl
Julia Kruse & Roger G. Shivas, Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Australia;
e-mail: Julia.kruse@usq.edu.au & roger.shivas@usq.edu.au
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
460
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Spegazzinia bromeliacearum
461
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 946 – 19 July 2019
Spegazzinia bromeliacearum S.S. Nascimento & J.D.P. Bezerra, sp. nov.
and 88.52 % to S. tessarthra (MFLUCC 17-2249, GenBank
MH071193.1), amongst others. The LSU rDNA sequence is
99.23 % identical to Spegazzinia sp. isolated as endophyte
from Camellia sinensis var. assamica in Thailand (CMU328,
GenBank MH734521.1) and 98.07 % to S. intermedia (CBS
249.89, GenBank MH873861.1). Morphologically, S. bromeliacearum resembles S. intermedia, but differs from it by the
size of its conidiophores (up to 30 μm long and 1– 4 μm wide)
and conidia (18 – 28 μm diam) (Ellis 1976). The production of
fertile coils in S. bromeliacearum has never been reported in
any species of Spegazzinia.
Etymology. The name refers to the host plant family, Bromeliaceae.
Classification — Didymosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes.
Hyphae hyaline when young and becoming brown to dark brown
with age, smooth to slightly verruculose, 2–3 μm wide. Conidiophores straight or flexuous, smooth to slightly verruculose, pale
brown, 0(– 2)-septate, 17– 32 × 2 – 3 μm. Conidiogenous cells
monoblastic, ampulliform, smooth to slightly verruculose, (6.5–)
7– 8.5(–14) × (3 –)4 – 5 μm. Conidia globose, initially hyaline to
pale brown, becoming brown to dark brown with age, 4-celled,
crossed-septate, (7.5 –)11.5 –19(– 26.5) μm diam excluding
the spines; old conidia conspicuously spinulate, with spines
measuring up to 5 μm long, globose, (21–)26.5 – 28(– 30.5)
μm diam. Fertile coils observed.
Culture characteristics — Colonies at 25 °C for 7 d in darkness. On PDA, colonies reaching 5 cm diam, flat, lightly velvety,
surface smooth, olivaceous and reverse olivaceous to black,
with whitish margins. On MEA, colonies growing up to 6 cm
diam, greenish olivaceous, with whitish margins, flat, velvety,
moderately dense, reverse brownish olivaceous to black. Conidia forming before 7 d.
S. lobulata CBS 361.58
S. deightonii yone 66
Typus. BrAZil, Pernambuco state, Buíque, Catimbau National Park
(S8°36'35" W37°14'40"), as endophyte from leaves of Tilandsia catimbauensis (Bromeliaceae), June 2015, K.T.L.S. Freire (holotype URM 93059,
culture ex-type URM 8084, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK804501
and MK809513, MycoBank MB830761).
Spegazzinia sp. yone 279
1
Notes — The genus Spegazzinia was introduced by Saccardo (1880) and currently 27 records are listed in Index Fungorum
and MycoBank (Feb. 2019). BLASTn searches using the ITS
rDNA sequence from S. bromeliacearum demonstrated 92.41 %
identity to S. intermedia (CBS 249.89, GenBank MH862171.1)
S. neosundara MFLUCC 13-0211
S. neosundara MFLUCC 15-0456
S. intermedia CBS 249.89
1
Spegazzinia sp. CMU328
//
0.94
1
Spegazzinia bromeliacearum URM 8084
S. tessarthra MFLUCC 17-2249
S. tessarthra SH-287
0.97
Spegazzinia sp. JSP-02-C-1-2
S. tessarthra NRRL 54913
Spegazzinia sp. 130F7F-AC
Verrucoconiothyrium nitidae CPC 25373
0.04
Colour illustrations. Brazilian tropical dry forest. Developing conidia, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells, conidia and fertile coils. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Bayesian inference tree obtained by a phylogenetic analysis of the combined
ITS and LSU rDNA sequences conducted in MrBayes on XSEDE in the
CIPRES science gateway (Miller et al. 2010). The substitution model
GTR+I+G was used for ITS and LSU alignments. Bayesian posterior probability values are indicated at the nodes. The new species is indicated in
bold. Verrucoconiothyrium nitidae (CPC 25373) was used as outgroup.
Sandy S. Nascimento, Karla T.L.S. Freire, Thays G.L. Oliveira, Laura M. Paiva & Jadson D.P. Bezerra,
Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;
e-mail: nascsandy@outlook.com, kkfreire@hotmail.com, thays.gabilins@hotmail.com, mesquitapaiva@terra.com.br & jadsondpb@gmail.com
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
462
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Sugiyamaella trypani
463
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 947 – 19 July 2019
Sugiyamaella trypani A. Gęsiorska & J. Pawłowska, sp. nov.
Etymology. The specific epithet ‘trypani’ was derived from the name of
azo dye – trypan blue – from which the novel yeast strain was isolated.
Classification — Trichomonascaceae, Saccharomycetales,
Saccharomycetes.
On maltose extract agar (MEA) after 14 d at 17 °C, colony is
raised, cream, cerebriform, with undulate margin. After 3 d of
growth at 17 °C on 10 % ME broth, cells are sphaerical, ovoid,
oblong, 1– 3 × 2 – 8 μm, occurring singly, in pairs, in chains
or in small clusters, and proliferating by multilateral budding.
Pseudohyphae and hyphae formation confirmed on MEA, potato glucose agar (PGA), glucose yeast peptone agar (GYPA)
and in ME broth. Blastospores on hyphae are formed on short
denticles. No sexual reproduction was detected.
Typus. polAnd, Warsaw, Pole Mokotowskie Park, from soil submerged
in trypan blue solution, 16 Nov. 2017, J. Pawƚowska (holotype WA67193,
culture ex-type CBS 15876, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK388412
and MK387312, MycoBank MB829450).
Colour illustrations. Pole Mokotowskie Park, Warsaw, Poland where
the sample was collected. Budding cells, pseudohyphae and blastospores
formation; hyphae; colony on SDA after 14 d at 20 °C; colony on water agar
with 1 % trypan blue solution after 30 d at 20 °C. Scale bar = 20 μm (others),
10 μm (hyphae).
Notes — The genus Sugiyamaella was delimited by Kurtzman & Robnett (2007) to accommodate ascosporic yeasts
which are characterised by the production of globose to ellipsoidal asci with an apical cell or with a short protuberance
and common formation of pseudohyphae. The genus belongs
to the family Trichomonascaceae (Sena et al. 2017). The
genus presently accommodates 27 species. The majority of
described species was isolated from rotting plant materials
or soil (Urbina et al. 2013). Representatives of this genus are
known to assimilate D-xylose (Morais et al. 2013). The strain
WA67193 was isolated from trypan blue solution remains after
grass roots dyeing. Phylogenetic analyses using an alignment
of concatenated sequences of the LSU and ITS regions showed
that it represents a novel yeast species, closely related to
S. valenteae and S. ayubii (85 % sequence similarity on ITS
region in both cases). Physiological profiles (see MycoBank
MB829450) further supported the delimitation of a new species
distinct from S. valenteae and S. ayubii. The new species can
be distinguished from S. valenteae and S. ayubii by its ability
to grow on Sucrose, Melezitose and Glycerol as a sole carbon
source; in contrast to these species it is unable to grow on Xylitol. Similar to S. ayubii, the isolate is unable to grow at 37 °C.
PhyML v. 3.5 tree obtained from ITS and LSU (D1/D2 domains) rRNA
gene sequences data (GTR model, 3 156 sites, ln(L) = -10020.4, bootstrap
replicates = 100) of selected representatives of the genus Sugiyamaella.
Bootstrap support values > 70 % are given above branches. Type strains
are shown in bold, with the new species shown in red.
Aleksandra Gęsiorska & Julia Pawłowska, Department of Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,
Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland;
e-mail: a.gesiorska@student.uw.edu.pl & julia.pawlowska@biol.uw.edu.pl
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
464
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Suillus gastroflavus
465
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 948 – 19 July 2019
Suillus gastroflavus Zvyagina, Rebriev, Sazanova & E.F. Malysheva, sp. nov.
Etymology. ‘gastro’ refers to the artificial genus Gastrosuillus; ‘flavus’
refers to similarity with Suillus flavus.
Classification — Suillaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetes.
Mature basidiomata epigeous or subhypogeous, secotioid,
1.5 – 3.3 cm broad, 1.5 – 2.7 cm high in dry specimens and 3 – 5
cm broad, 5 –7 cm high when fresh. Pileus completely enclosing the gleba, adpressed, subspherical to slightly irregular with
margin fused with stipe and partial veil. Surface mucous and
pale yellow in wet weather, yellow-brown in herbarium, covered
by scales of yellowish brown stuck hairs. Context partly hygrophanous, fleshy, white in central part, yellowish and thin under
peridium. Tubes disorganised, angular, big and different in size,
fused with stipe and partial veil, lilaceous-grey. Stipe rudimental,
conical, more or less centrally attached, in central part 0.5 – 0.8
cm long and 0.2 – 0.5 cm broad in herbarium specimen, 1– 3
cm long and 1–1.5 cm broad when fresh, concolorous or
lighter than pileus, covered by yellowish brown hairs. Context
hygrophanous, white in young specimens and yellowish to
brownish in old. Basidiospores 10.3–13(–13.8) × 5.7–6.8(–7.2)
μm, Q = 1.6–2.1(–2.3), ellipsoid, ovoid, inequilateral in profile,
often with narrowed and elongated apiculus, moderately thickwalled, brown, smooth. Basidia 22 – 32 × 6.5 – 9 μm, clavate to
subclavate, hyaline or with yellowish brown context in KOH.
Cystidia 39 – 95 × 5.7– 8.1 μm, cylindric and slightly widened
in upper part, hyaline or with brown context in KOH, arranged
in fascicles. Pileipellis ixocutis, covered by septate and swollen
interwoven hyphae, 7– 21 μm broad.
Typus. ruSSiA, Magadan Region, Srednekansky district, vicinity of Seimchan village, meadow of Seimchanka river, N62.96157° E152.3382°, on soil
in flooded mixed forests with Larix cajanderi and Salix schwerinii, S. bebiana,
15 Aug. 2010, N. Sazanova (holotype MAG 3480, ITS and LSU sequences
GenBank MK572960 and MK607461, MycoBank MB830213).
Additional materials examined. ruSSiA, Magadan Region, Ten’kinsky district, Orotuk station, N62.03089° E148.65059°, on soil in mixed forests with
Larix cajanderi and Betula middendorffii, 25 Aug. 1995, N. Sinelnikova, MAG
1339; Magadan Region, Srednekansky district, vicinity of Seimchan village,
meadow of Kolyma river, N62.83388° E152.43129°, on soil in wet mixed
forests with Larix cajanderi, Betula platyphylla, Salix spp., 28 Sept. 2018,
N. Sazanova, MAG 5122, ITS sequence GenBank MK572961.
Notes — The greyish hymenophore and scales on the pileus
indicate that our taxon belongs to a group of closely related
species in Suillus viscidus s.lat. The main microscopic difference of the new species from another species of this group is
in spore size and form. Suillus gastroflavus has broader spores,
the majority having a narrowed and elongated apiculus. Suillus
gastroflavus clearly differs from another known secotioid Suillus spp. by a greyish hymenophore. According to phylogenetic
analysis, the nearest species for the new taxon is Suillus viscidus s.lat. Differences from other secotioid Suillus spp. ranged
8 –12 %. Suillus gastroflavus is a third known secotioid Suillus
species and first secotioid Suillus taxon in Eurasia.
Rhizopogon roseolus DQ179127
Rhizopogon luteolus EU784398
Suillus bresadolae GU187544
Suillus bresadolae L54084
Suillus viscidus JF908723
Suillus grisellus KX230582
Suillus grisellus KX230583
Suillus aeruginascens MK573972
Suillus laricinus LC029032
Suillus viscidus KJ415106
Suillus gastroflavus MK572960
Suillus gastroflavus MK572961
Gastrosuillus laricinus M91612
Gastrosuillus laricinus M91611
Suillus grevillei MK568018
Suillus clintonianus MK573973
Suillus grevillei KU059562
Suillus punctipes KU059605
Suillus punctipes KU059592
Suillus variegatus KU059626
Suillus variegatus KU059629
Suillus variegatus KU059628
Suillus umbrinus lU74619
Suillus suilloides U74618
Suillus suilloides U74617
Suillus suilloides U74616
Suillus amaranthii U74615
Suillus plorans KU059596
Suillus plorans KU059585
Suillus spectabilis KT964689
Suillus spectabilis KU721556
Suillus spectabilis L54104
Colour illustrations. Mixed forest with Larix cajanderi, Magadan Region,
Russia. Holotype basidiomata, spores and cystidia. Scale bars = 10 µm.
ITS rDNA phylogenetic tree obtained with MrBayes v. 3.2.5 under GTR+I+G
model for 10 M generations. The GenBank accession numbers are indicated
after species names. Support values are indicated on the branches (posterior
probabilities). Scale bar = 0.1 expected substitution per site.
Elena A. Zvyagina, Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia; e-mail: mycena@yandex.ru
Yury A. Rebriev, South Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; e-mail: rebriev@yandex.ru
Nina A. Sazanova, Institute of Biological Problems of the North, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Magadan, Russia; e-mail: nsazanova_mag@mail.ru
Ekaterina F. Malysheva, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: e_malysheva@binran.ru
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
466
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Talaromyces pernambucoensis
467
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 949 – 19 July 2019
Talaromyces pernambucoensis R. Cruz, C. Santos, Houbraken, R.N. Barbosa,
Souza-Motta, sp. nov.
strong, mycelium greyish green, colony texture velutinous to
slightly floccose, exudate reddish to brown, soluble pigments
absent, reverse brown to dark brown.
Etymology. pernambucoensis, refers to the Brazilian State of Pernambuco (Brazil), which is the geographical location of the ex-type strain of this
species.
Classification — Trichocomaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes.
Typus. BrAZil, Pernambuco, Parque Nacional do Catimbau - Buíque,
S08°04'25" W37°15'52", isolated from soil, Aug. 2009. R. Cruz (holotype URM
93054, culture ex-type = URM 6894, ITS, β-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM)
and RNA polymerase second largest subunit (RPB2) sequences GenBank
LR535947, LR535945, LR535946 and LR535948, MycoBank MB830189).
On MEA: Stipes hyaline, smooth, (30 –)50 –130(–140) × 2.5 –
3(– 3.5) μm; conidiophores symmetrical biverticillate; metulae
generally in numbers of five, measuring (8 –)10 –15 × (2 –) 2.5 –
3(– 3.5) μm; phialides acerose, (8 –)10 – 21 × (2 –)2.5 – 3(– 3.5)
μm; conidia globose occasionally subglobose, rough-walled to
spinose, en masse green, 2.5–3 μm diam including ornamentation. Ascomata not observed.
Culture characteristics — MEA 25 °C, 7 d, in darkness:
Colonies 32 – 35 mm diam, plane, raised at centre, conidia
en masse blue to dark green, sporulation strong, mycelium
white to yellow, colony texture floccose, exudate absent,
soluble pigments absent, reverse orange. CYA 25 °C, 7 d, in
darkness: Colonies 17– 25 mm diam, flat, conidia en masse in
shades of green to blue, sporulation strong, mycelium greyish
green, colony texture velutinous to slightly floccose, exudate
reddish to brown, soluble pigments absent, reverse brown to
dark brown. OA 25 °C, 7 d, in darkness: Colonies 30 – 32 mm
diam low, plane, colony texture velutinous; margins low, entire;
mycelium yellowish white and white; sporulation moderate at
centre; exudates absent, soluble pigments absent, reverse light
yellow to white. No growth on CYAS and CREA. MEA 15 °C,
7 d, in darkness: Colonies 20 – 25 mm diam, plane, raised at
centre, conidia en masse green, sporulation strong, mycelium
white to yellow, colony texture floccose, exudate absent, soluble
pigments absent, reverse orange. CYA 15 °C, 7 d, in darkness:
Colonies 12–18 mm diam, flat, conidia en masse green, sporulation strong, mycelium greyish green, colony texture velutinous
to slightly floccose, exudate reddish to brown, soluble pigments
absent, reverse brown to dark brown. MEA 37 °C, 7 d, in darkness: Colonies 25–30 mm diam, plane, raised at centre, conidia
en masse green, sporulation strong, mycelium white to yellow,
colony texture floccose, exudate absent, soluble pigments
absent, reverse orange. CYA 37 °C, 7 d, in darkness: Colonies
15 – 20 mm diam, flat, conidia en masse green, sporulation
Notes — Talaromyces pernambucoensis was isolated from
soil in a Brazilian dry forest (Caatinga). Various other species are reported from this soil that seems to contain a high
Talaromyces, Penicillium and Aspergillus diversity (Cruz et al.
2013, Barbosa et al. 2016). ITS, BenA, RPB2 and CaM are
commonly used to study the phylogenetic relationships within
Talaromyces (Yilmaz et al. 2014, Chen et al. 2016, Barbosa et
al. 2018). The phylogenetic relationship of T. pernambucoensis
with other members of section Trachyspermi is difficult to determine using single-gene phylogenies. Based on the combined
dataset, consisting of ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2 sequences,
T. pernambucoensis belongs to the same clade as T. aerius
and T. solicola. Talaromyces pernambucoensis can be distinguished from T. aerius and T. solicola by its ability to grow on
CYA incubated at 37 °C (15 – 20 mm vs no growth).
1/87
Talaromyces heiheensis HMAS 248789
Talaromyces erythromellis CBS 644.80
0.93/-
Talaromyces rubrifaciens GCMCC 317658
1/96
0.99/95
Talaromyces albobiverticillius CBS 133440
Talaromyces aerius CBS 140611
Talaromyces solicola CBS 133445
0.99/92
Talaromyces pernambucoensis URM 6894
1/88
Talaromyces amyrossmaniae NFCCI 1919
Talaromyces convolutus CBS 100537
0.80/-
Talaromyces austrocalifornicus CBS 644.95
Talaromyces diversus CBS 320.48
Talaromyces assiutensis CBS 147.78
3X
Talaromyces trachyspermus CBS 373.48
1/-
Talaromyces systylus BAFCcult 3419
0.90/84
Talaromyces ucrainicus CBS 162.67
Talaromyces atroroseus CBS 133442
-/79
-/79
Talaromyces minioluteus CBS 642.68
Talaromyces minnesotensis CBS 142381
Talaromyces udagawae CBS 579.72
Talaromyces brasiliensis URM 7618
Talaromyces purpurogenus CBS 286.36
0.03
Colour illustrations. Catimbau National Park. Colony on MEA and CYA
after 7 d at 25 °C; conidiophores and conidia. Scale bar = 10 µm.
Phylogeny based on the combined ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2 sequence
dataset for species classified in Talaromyces sect. Trachyspermi conducted
in MrBayes on XSEDE and RAxML-HPC BlackBox in the CIPRES science
gateway. Bayesian posterior probability and RAxML bootstrap support values
are indicated at the nodes. The new species is indicated in bold. Talaromyces
purpurogenus CBS 286.36 was chosen as outgroup.
Roberta Cruz, Renan N. Barbosa & Cristina M. Souza-Motta, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,
Recife, Brazil; e-mail: robertacruzufpe@gmail.com, renan.rnb@gmail.com & cristina.motta@ufpe.br
Cledir Santos, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile;
e-mail: cledir.santos@ufrontera.cl
Jos Houbraken, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: j.houbraken@wi.knaw.nl
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
468
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
Xylobolus brasiliensis
469
Fungal Planet description sheets
Fungal Planet 950 – 19 July 2019
Xylobolus brasiliensis Chikowski, C.R.S. de Lira, Gibertoni & K.H. Larss., sp. nov.
Etymology. Name refers to the country where the fungus was collected.
Classification — Stereaceae, Russulales, Agaricomycetes.
Basidiomata perennial, stratified in several layers, resupinate
to effused reflexed, 1–2 mm thick, corky to woody, separated in
small irregular patches (0.6 – 3 × 2.5 –10 mm), slightly rimose.
Abhymenial surface glabrous, dark brown (cigar brown 16).
Context and margin concolorous with the abhymenial surface.
Hymenial surface greyish brown (Clay buff 32) (Watling 1969),
glabrous, smooth to slightly pilose. Hyphal system monomitic to
pseudodimitic due to the acanthohyphidia, vertically arranged,
hyphae clamped. Acanthohyphidia numerous in trama and
hymenium, cylindrical with obtuse apex, 20 –74 × 4 – 8 µm
(L = 40.40 µm, W = 6.17 µm, Q = 6.54 µm). Basidia not seen.
Basidiospores yellowish to brownish, subglobose to ellipsoid,
5–6(–6.5) × (3–)3.5–5 µm (L = 5.8 µm, W = 3.75 µm, Q = 1.52
µm), slightly thick-walled, smooth in KOH 3 %, minutely ornamented in Melzer, with a lateral prominent apiculus, distinctly
amyloid.
Typus. BrAZil, Paraíba, Areia, Reserva Estadual Mata do Pau-Ferro,
S6°59' W35°45', on decaying wood, Apr. 2013, C.R.S. Lira CL 632 (holotype
URM 93051, isotype in O, ITS and LSU sequences GenBank MK491193
and MK491189, MycoBank MB830132).
Notes — Morphologically, X. brasiliensis is quite similar to
X. frustulatus, but the latter has shorter acanthohyphidia (25–30
× 4–5 µm) and basidiospores (4.5–5(–5.5) × 3–3.2(–3.5) µm),
rare pseudocystidia and elongated basidia (25 – 30 × 4 – 5 µm)
(Hjortstam et al. 1988).
Based on a BLASTn search of NCBIs GenBank database, the
closest hits using the ITS sequence are X. subpileatus (GenBank KX578084; Identities = 559/634 (88 %), 27 gaps (4 %)),
X. subpileatus (GenBank KX578082; Identities = 558/633
(88 %), 27 gaps (4 %)) and X. subpileatus (GenBank KX578080;
Identities = 558/634 (88 %), 27 gaps (4 %)). Using the LSU
sequence, the closest hits are Acanthophysium lividocaeruleum (GenBank AY039314; Identities = 929/947 (98 %), 3 gaps
(0 %)), X. subpileatus (GenBank AY039309; Identities = 927/
947 (98 %), 4 gaps (0 %)) and X. subpileatus (GenBank
AY039307; Identities = 927/947 (98 %), 3 gaps (0 %)).
Although genetically close to X. subpileatus, this species differs
by effused-reflexed basidiomata, tuberculated hymenium when
young, smaller, acute to subcylindrical acanthohyphidia (20–30
× 4 – 5 µm) and longer basidia (20 – 30 × 4 – 5 µm) (Bernicchia
& Gorjón 2010).
Additional materials examined. BrAZil, Alagoas, Pilar, RPPN Fazenda
de São Pedro, on decaying wood, Nov. 2001, T.B. Gibertoni TBG 106,
URM 77155; Paraíba, Areia, Reserva Estadual Mata do Pau-Ferro, on
decaying wood, Apr. 2013, C.R.S. Lira CL 619, URM 93052; Pernambuco,
Jaqueira, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Frei Caneca, S08°42'41"
W35°50'30", on decaying wood, June 2012, R.S. Chikowski RC 71, URM
85814; ibid., Mar. 2013, R.S. Chikowski RC 552, URM 85815; ibid., Mar.
2013, R.S. Chikowski, RC 553, URM 85818; ibid, Apr. 2013, R.S. Chikowski
RC 659, URM85817.
Colour illustrations. Environment where the type specimen was collected,
Reserva Estadual Mata do Pau-Ferro, Areia, Paraíba, Brazil. Dried basidioma (type specimen); basidiospores; acanthohyphidia. Scale bars = 1 mm
(basidioma), 5 µm (basidiospores), 30 µm (acanthohyphidia).
Phylogenetic reconstruction of Stereaceae based on alignment of 1 593
nucleotides of combined ITS and LSU rDNA sequences. Bootstrap values
(%) were generated from Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis, and posterior
probabilities (PP) from Bayesian algorithm (BA), respectively. Species in bold
were sequenced in this study. Gloeodontia discolor (GenBank AF506445)
and G. pyramidata (GenBank AF506446) were selected as outgroup.
Renata S. Chikowski, Carla R.S. Lira & Tatiana B. Gibertoni, Departamento de Micologia,
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; renatachikowski@hotmail.com, carla-rejane@hotmail.com & tbgibertoni@hotmail.com
Karl-Henrik Larsson, Natural History Museum, P.O. Box 1172 Blindern 0318, University of Oslo, Norway; e-mail: k.h.larsson@nhm.uio.no
© 2019 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
470
Persoonia – Volume 42, 2019
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