Journal of Physics: Conference Series You may also like PAPER • OPEN ACCESS Vegetation Structure and Composition in Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Sicike-cike as Ritual Site for Local Community To cite this article: M K Huda et al 2020 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1462 012050 View the article online for updates and enhancements. - The IGRINS YSO Survey II: Veiling Spectra of Pre-main-sequence Stars in Taurus-Auriga Benjamin Kidder, Gregory Mace, Ricardo López-Valdivia et al. - MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF YOUNG STARS IN THE TW HYDRAE ASSOCIATION Hao Yang, Christopher M. Johns-Krull and Jeff A. Valenti - A WIDELY SEPARATED, HIGHLY OCCLUDED COMPANION TO THE NEARBY LOW-MASS T TAURI STAR TWA 30 Dagny L. Looper, John J. Bochanski, Adam J. Burgasser et al. This content was downloaded from IP address 54.205.100.9 on 11/08/2022 at 05:34 The 6th Annual International Seminar on Trends in Science and Science Education IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1462 (2020) 012050 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1462/1/012050 Vegetation Structure and Composition in Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Sicike-cike as Ritual Site for Local Community M K Huda1,2, N Pasaribu1*, Syamsuardi3, and E S Siregar1 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia 2 Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Simalungun, Pematangsiantar, Indonesia 3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia *Email: nursahara@usu.ac.id Abstract. Taman Wisata Alam Sicike-cike is a nature conservation area intended for the benefit of natural tourism and recreation. TWA Sicike-cike besides being used as tourist site, is also known for its ritual or traditional ceremonial site performed by the Pakpak-Dairi tribe. Presence of local wisdom on forest management, such as tapping the sap of incense (Styrax paralleloneuron) and floral organ are commonly utilized as a worship material during traditional rituals. The importance of this forest region for local communities is crucial for the sustainability of the local wisdom of the Pakpak-Dairi tribe. This study aims to determine the vegetation structure and composition in ceremonial sites located within TWA Sicike-cike. The study used vegetational analysis to obtain Importance Value Index (IVI) from each structures (seedling, sappling, pole and tree. The results showed that the largest INP at seedling to tree structure was dominated by Rhododendron malayanum with 46.29, 26.41, 55.53, and 28.99 for seedling, sapling, pole and tree, respectively. Shannon’s diversity index (H’) in this region falls between medium to high diversity categories. Hence, Rhododendron malayanum is considered as primary indicator of typical vegetation in ceremonial site of TWA Sicike-cike which dominate all types of vegetational structure with complete growth rate. 1. Introduction Natural park or Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Sicike-cike is one of tropical forest region in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Sicike-cike forest region is inhabited by various plant species, e.g Lejeuneaceae (Bryophyta), Styracaceae, Zingiberaceae, Araliaceae, Lauraceae, Nepenthaceae and Orchidaceae [1– 2]. Local communities living around forest region is reported to perform their ritual or religious belief within Sicike-cike forest region. The Bataknese subtribe or Pakpak people are believers of Sicike-cike sacred forest which commonly utilize certain site for their religious activities [3]. The Pakpak-Dairi subtribe heavily relied on water resources from TWA Sicike-cike. The locals utilized water flowing out from forest region as drinking water, irigation and housing. The local wisdom or traditional belief also improve their perceptions to conserve forest region. In general, religious practices or motivation by people living around natural preserved forest can be seen as Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd 1 The 6th Annual International Seminar on Trends in Science and Science Education IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1462 (2020) 012050 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1462/1/012050 positive efforts to restore or monitor any potential damaged forest ecosystem. The local wisdom or traditional belief may become an important element in forest conservation [4]. Little is still known for its forest structure contributing to their existence as preserved forest region in North Sumatra. Here, we reported several plant species in all structures (seedling, sapling, pole and tree) which may be used as biological indicators to future habitat changes in TWA Sicike-cike. 2. Method 2.1. Sampling site The study was conducted in TWA Sicike-cike with an altitude of 1,330-1,400 m.asl [5]. TWA Sicikecike is geographically located at 02o35 ́-02o41 ́N and 98o20 ́-98o30 ́E in Pancur Nauli Hamlet, Lae Hole Village, Parbuluan District, Dairi Regency, North Sumatra [6]. TWA Sicike-cike was designated as conserved forest area based on the Decree of the Minister of Forestry or SK Menteri Kehutanan No.78/Kpts-II/1989 on 7 February 1989 [7]. 2.2. Sampling method Determination of sampling sites was chosen purpossively. Observation plots were constructed along pioneer line of 4 km. The line was divided into 27 baselines as survey points within interval of 100– 200 m at distance. In each survey point, 5 nested plots were placed along 100 m. The size of plots were arranged based on forest structure: tree (20×20 m), pole (10×10 m), sapling (5×5 m), seedling (2×2 m) (Figure 1). Total of 145 plots covering 5.8 ha were used in this study. Figure 1. Illustration of sampling plots in TWA Sicike-cike 2.3. Data analysis Vegetation structure and important plant species in TWA Sicike-cike was analyzed for its Importance Value Index (IVI) which was calculated from Relative density (RD), Relative frequency (RF) and Relative dominance (RDo) [8]. Shannon’s diversity index (H’) was obtained from each vegetational structure: tree, pole, sapling and seedling [9]. All graphical images were generated using GraphPad 2 The 6th Annual International Seminar on Trends in Science and Science Education IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1462 (2020) 012050 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1462/1/012050 Prism ver. 8.0. All specimens collected in this study were stored and authenticated by Herbarium ANDA, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. 3. Results and Discussion This study found numerous plant species in TWA Sicike-cike in which the IVI from each species in forest structure are determined. The highest IVI obtained in all structures is from Rhododendron malayanum with the index of 28.99, 55.53, 26.41 and 46.29 for seedling, sapling, pole and tree, respectively. Here we only present the 10 highest IVI in TWA Sicike-cike. The IVI is commonly used to denote the ecological importance of a plant species in an ecosystem. The IVI may also be used to show the rarity of plant species in an ecosystem which latter show their priority in conservation efforts [10]. The lower IVI will indicate that the species need to be conserved. The high IVI by R. malayanum indicate that the species is dominating in terms of relative frequency, density and dominance compared to other species which may also indicate their distinct presence as key species indicator of TWA Sicike-cike. 3 The 6th Annual International Seminar on Trends in Science and Science Education IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1462 (2020) 012050 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1462/1/012050 Figure 2. Importance Value Index (IVI) of Plant Species in TWA Sicike-cike Rhododendron malayanum Jack. has been documented in the tropical forest region of Indonesia. A survey has reported Rhododendron species from montane forest of Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi revealing four species namely R. malayanum, R. quadrasianum var. celebicum, R. zollingeri and R. celebicum [11]. Rhododendron spp. has also been considered as protected species in Indonesia through ex situ conservation effort [12]. In contrary, certain members of Rhododendron, e.g R. maximum and R. ponticum, are considered threats being invasive alien species to native forest species with global distribution range and highly adaptive ecophysiological traits [13]. To date, no information or categorization of R. malayanum as invasive plant species list in Indonesia while also support its further investigation in other field of studies. 4 The 6th Annual International Seminar on Trends in Science and Science Education IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1462 (2020) 012050 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1462/1/012050 Figure 3. Diversity index (H’) of plant species in TWA Sicike-cike Diversity of forest structure in this study was calculated using the Shannon’s diversity index (H’) (Figure 3). The highest diversity was obtained in the tree plots with 3.26 while the lowest diversity was in seedling plots with 2.86. Biodiversity indice is information formula to show the diversity and abundance of communities in different habitats. The higher the index, the greater the species richness. The higher values of the diversity index are commonly generated from a forest with high tree species and abundance [13]. In this study, the forest is still considered to harbir diverse plant species, indicated by overall H’ > 2.0 to all structures. Biodiversity may be used as an indicator to ecosystem health while woody plant species are key feature of forest ecosystem which construct and govern the overall composition of forest communities [14]. The high diversity of trees in TWA Sicike-cike is then proved to support the nature conservation value managed by the Pakpak subtribe. 4. Conclusion Religious practice site by Pakpak subtribe in Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Sicike-cike forest region is dominated by species of Rhododendron malayanum with the highest IVI found in all forest structures, e.g seedling, sapling, pole and tree. The diversity in this area is considered as high which indicated the well-preserved forest condition by the local tribe and minimal interference by foreign anthropogenic activities. Acknowledgment This research is funded by Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (DRPM) Indonesian Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (KEMENRISTEK DIKTI) under scheme of Penelitian Disertasi Doktor year 2018 with proposal title, ‘Analisis Vegetasi dan Identifikasi Tumbuhan Asing Invasif di TWA Sicike-cike, Kabupaten Dairi, Sumatera Utara’. The authors would also like to thank Center for Conservation of Natural Resources North Sumatra (BBKSDA-SU) for official permit during our study. 5 The 6th Annual International Seminar on Trends in Science and Science Education IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. 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