Mycol Progress (2006) 5: 120–127
DOI 10.1007/s11557-006-0507-8
ORIGINA L ARTI CLE
Carlos A. Inácio . José C. Dianese
Foliicolous fungi on Tabebuia species from the cerrado
Received: 12 December 2005 / Revised: 13 March 2006 / Accepted: 21 March 2006 / Published online: 1 June 2006
# German Mycological Society and Springer 2006
Abstract Three foliicolous fungi found on Tabebuia species are described and illustrated. Two are new hyphomycetous anamorphs, Passalora tabebuiae-ochraceae sp. nov.
and Pseudocercospora tabebuiae-caraibae sp. nov. The
third is Elsinoë tecomae, originally described on Tabebuia
sp., and here epitypified based on material from Tabebuia
heptaphylla. Taxonomical novelties include P. tabebuiaeochraceae Inácio & Dianese sp. nov., P. tabebuiae-caraibae
Inácio & Dianese sp. nov.
Introduction
The genus Tabebuia (Bignoniaceae), previously part of
Tecoma, includes a group of trees commonly known in
Brazil as “ipês”. Many species from native forests are
exploited, yielding high-quality hardwood utilized for farm
tools and buildings, boat and house construction, and
furniture, among other uses. Tabebuia trees are also
commonly found in urban areas, landscapes, and gardens
in Brazil due to their colorful flowering during the dry
season. They are important components of the native
vegetation of the Brazilian savanna, called the cerrado, the
Amazonian rain forest, and the Brazilian coastal forest
designated “mata atlântica” (Lorenzi 1992).
Foliicolous fungi on Tabebuia species from the cerrado
have been considered with emphasis on ascomycetes and
cercosporoid fungi (Inácio and Dianese 1998). The
cercosporoid fungi from the cerrado have been the focus
of a major research effort developed in Brasília (Dianese
and Câmara 1994; Dianese et al. 1999; Dianese and
Furlanetto 1995; Dornello-Silva and Dianese 2003, 2004;
Dornello-Silva 2004; Furlanetto and Dianese 1999;
Gutiérrez 2000; Inácio et al.1996; Inácio and Dianese
1998, 1999; Medeiros and Dianese 1994), resulting in the
description of new taxa associated also with species in the
C. A. Inácio . J. C. Dianese (*)
Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade de Brasília,
70910-900 Brasília,
DF, Brazil
e-mail: jcarmine@unb.br
Bignoniaceae (Inácio and Dianese 1995). On Tabebuia, the
cercosporoid fungi have been studied continuously since
the mid 1940s (Viégas 1944, Viégas 1945; Chupp 1954;
Viégas 1961; Dennis 1970; Deighton 1976; Yen et al.
1982; Ferreira 1989; Guo and Hsieh 1995; Sriskantha and
Sivanesan 1980; Inácio and Dianese 1995, 1998, 1999,
Dianese et al. 1996).
In this paper, species belonging to two cercospoid genera
deserve attention, viz. Passalora Fr. and Pseudocercospora
Speg. Among Cercospora-like fungi, the earliest genus
Passalora, accepted by Deighton (1967) and still universally adopted (Crous and Braun 2003), had initially a strict
concept accommodating hyphomycetes with internal mycelium, lacking stromata, with fasciculate conidiophores
and mostly 1-septated, rarely aseptate or 2–3-septate,
conidia (Deighton 1967; Ellis 1971, 1976; Medeiros and
Dianese 1994). Later, the genus was practically emended to
include a broader spectrum of cercosporoid fungi (Braun
1995, 1998). Thus, Crous et al. (1997) and Crous and
Câmara (1998), following this last idea, included in
Passalora species with stomatal or subepidermal stroma,
and recently, the genus Passalora was formally emended by
Crous and Braun (2003) to include several genera of
cercosporoid fungi: Cercosporidium Earle, Vellosiella
Rangel, Mycovellosiella Rangel, Cercodeuterospora Curzi,
Ragnhildiana Solheim, Berteromyces Cif., Fulvia Cif.,
Oreophylla Cif., Phaeoramularia Munt.-Cvetk., Tandonella
S.S. Prasad & R.A.B. Verma, and Phaeoisariopsis p.p.
Thus, the genus Passalora now includes hyphomycetous
anamorphs with internal primary mycelium, well developed
to absent superficial secondary mycelium, and absent to
well-structured stromata.
The conidiophores can be solitary, loosely to densely
fasciculate, or in spodorodochial or synnematous conidiomata. Conidiogenous cells are always cicatrized, with
scars somewhat thickened or refractive. Conidia are
solitary or catenate, in simple or branched chains, and
aseptate to multiseptate. In summary, Crous and Braun
(2003) adopted, as main characteristics of the genus, the
presence of sympodial geniculate cicatrized conidiophores
supporting generally smooth, obclavate to subcylindrical
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conidia, never aciculate nor hyaline but usually subhyaline
to light brown to olive brown, aseptate to multiseptate, with
a conspicuous basal scar. On the other hand, Pseudocercospora is a well-established broad genus which differs
from Passalora exclusively due to the lack of conspicuous
scars on conidia and conidiophores (Deighton 1976, 1979;
Braun 1998; Crous and Braun 2003).
Recently, two new cercosporoid species were found in
exsiccates from Herbarium UB (Mycological Collection)
and are here described. The genus Elsinoë Racib.
(Raciborski 1900) includes ascomycetes associated with
scab lesions on fruits and leaf spots, forming stromatic
ascomata, immersed to partially erumpent, with the upper
part crustose when mature, absent interthecial tissue,
containing bitunicate asci individually arranged in locules
irregularly disposed throughout the stromata; ascospores
are colorless and muriform (Kirk et al. 2001; Luttrell 1973;
Arx and Müller 1975). Elsinöe tecomae Viégas, a species
originally described on Tabebuia sp., is now restudied and
the fungus illustrated and epitypified.
Materials and methods
Exsiccates of Tabebuia species, collected in cerrado natural
reserves or in urban areas and deposited in Herbarium UB,
were initially studied under a stereomicroscope. Fungal
samples were mounted in squash preparations or sectioned
in a freezing microtome for morphological studies and
microphotography. In most cases the samples were stained
with lacto–glycerol–cotton blue or glycerol–KOH–phloxine
B and the slides sealed with nail polish. Pieces of leaves with
one or more lesions showing representative samples of
fruiting bodies were examined by scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) after being fixed in sodium caccodylate
buffer, pH 7.4, 0.1 M, containing 2% glutaraldehyde, for at
least 24 h. The samples were dehydrated in an aqueous
series with increasing acetone concentrations from 15, 30,
50, 75, 90, up to 100% acetone, for 15 min in each concentration. Leaf pieces were dried at the critical point and
then covered by a thin layer of gold in a sputter coater for
2 min (Souza 1998), before being observed in a SEM (Jeol,
model JSM 840-A E, Japan).
Taxonomy
Passalora tabebuiae-ochraceae Inácio & Dianese,
sp. nov. (Fig. 1a–e)
Type: Brasil, GO, Brasilinha, Fazenda Alto Alegre,
Tabebuiae ochraceae (Cham.) Standl., leg. A. L. Lima,
11. 10. 1997. Holotype (UB mycol. col.16036). Etmology:
named after the host-plant.
Laesiones usque ad 50 mm diameter, epiphyllae,
sparsae, centro brunneo, margine rubello-brunneo cinctae,
circulares, irregulares, coalescentes. Mycelium profunde
immerso in mesophyllum, hyalinum, compactum. Hyphae
2–4 μm diameter, hyalinae vel pallido-brunneae, sinuatae,
septatae. Stromata 24–130×52–126 μm, brunnea, subcuticulares, intradermales, subepidermales, 30–110×40–
80 μm, erumpentia, textura angularis; cellulae angulares,
brunneae, 3–10 μm diameter. Conidiophora numerosa,
dense fasciculata, stromate oriunda, 10–45 (–49)×3–6 μm,
macronematica,
mononematica,
brunnea,
laevia,
0–3-septata, simplicia, erecta vel leviter sinuata; conidiomata
quasi sporodochialia. Cellulae conidiogenae integratae,
8–12 μm longae, vel coniophora unicellularia, polyblasticae,
sympodiales, valde cicatricatae; cicatrices conidiales leviter
incrassatae et fuscatae, 2–4 μm diameter. Conidia 31–75×5–
8 μm, 1–11-septata, ad septa non constricta, catenata,
subcylindrica vel obclavata, laevia, hyalina, subhyalina vel
pallido-brunnea, apicibus subacutis, basibus truncatis et
cicatricatis leviter incrassatis et fuscatis, 2–4 μm latis.
Lesions up to 50 mm in diameter, epiphyllous, brown
with brown-reddish border, circular, irregular, coalescent.
Mycelium deeply immersed in the mesophyll, hyaline,
dense. Hyphae 2–4 μm wide, hyaline, subhyaline to pale
brown, sinuous, septate, sometimes branched. Stromata
24–130×52–126 μm, brown, subcuticular, intradermal,
subepidermal, becoming erumpent, textura angularis; cells
angular, brown, 3–10 μm in diameter. Conidiophores
10–45 (–49)×3–6 μm, numerous, in dense almost sporodochial fascicles arising from stromata, macronematous,
mononematous, brown, smooth, proliferating percurrently,
0–3-septate, straight, simple, slightly sinuous, smooth,
bearing several conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells
integrate or conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells,
8–12 μm, polyblastic, sympodial, with conspicuous scars,
somewhat thickened and darkened, 2–4 μm in diameter.
Conidia 31–75×5–8 μm, 1–11-septate, without septal
constrictions, catenate, subcylindrical, obclavate, smooth,
hyaline, subhyaline or light brown, with subacute apices and
scarred truncate bases; scars 2–4 μm in diameter.
As previously stated, Crous and Braun (2003) transferred species belonging in Phaeoramularia into Passalora
because these species are clearly included in Crous and
Braun’s wide concept of this genus, based on morphology
and molecular data. The fungus studied is obviously a
Phaeoramularia-like Passalora sensu Crous and Braun
(2003), showing characteristically catenulate subcylindrical to obclavate light brown conidia formed on cicatrized
sympodial conidiogenous cells. Phaeoramularia-like
Passalora, meaning species with catenulate conidia, have
been detected in the following bignoniaceous genera:
Adenocalymma, Catalpa, Tecoma, Pyrostegia, Tecomaria,
and Markhamia; however, as shown by the data in Table 1,
Passalora tabebuiae-ochraceae is clearly different from all
species already known on Bignoniaceae. On Tabebuia
species, the only Phaeoramularia-like Passalora known is
Phaeoramularia tabebuiae J.J.Muchovej & F.A.Ferreira,
but this fungus also differs from the new species by
forming thinner conidiophores, 2.5–3.0 μm in diameter
and smaller 0–3-septate conidia at (6–) 8–30 (–34)×2.5–
3.0 μm (Muchovej and Ferreira 1981). Thus, the data
shown and discussed indicate that the specimen studied
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represents a new species, here-designated P. tabebuiaeochraceae (Fig. 1).
Pseudocercospora tabebuiae-caraibae Inácio
& Dianese, sp. nov. (Fig. 2a–f)
Type: Brasil, GO, Parque Nacional das Emas, road to Rio
Jacuba. Tabebuia caraiba (Mart.) Burm., leg. J. C. Dianese
3117 01 Apr 1997. Holotype (UB mycol. col. 13814),
Paratype-Brasília, D.F., Viveiro II-Companhia Urbanizadora
da Nova Capital-Novacap, Asa Norte, Plano Piloto,
T. caraiba (Mart.) Burm., C. A. Inácio, 09 Mar. 99 (UB
mycol. col. 17435). Etmology: named after the host-plant.
Laesiones usque ad 30 mm diameter, amphigenae,
sparsae, rubello-brunneae, centro pallido-brunneo, margine
atro-brunneo cinctae, circulares, ellipticae, irregulares,
coalescentes. Coloniae amphigenae, atro-brunneae, caespitosae, sparsae. Mycelium hyalinum vel pallido-brunneum,
immersum in mesophyllo; hyphae 1–4 μm diameter,
septatae. Stromata 18–55×23–60 μm, brunnea, subepidermalia, erumpentia, textura angularis; cellulae angulares,
brunneae, 6–10×4–8 μm diameter. Conidiophora numerosa,
dense fasciculata, e stromate oriunda, (13–) 20–52×4–6 μm,
macronematica, mononematica, brunnea, laevia, 0–1-septata, raro ramosa et cum proliferationibus percurrentibus,
erecta vel leviter sinuata. Cellulae conidiogenae integratae,
vel conidiophora unicellularia, saepe terminales, polyblasticae, praecipue monoblasticae, sympodiales, geniculatae,
raro percurrentes, cicatrices conidiales inconspicuae sed per
microscopium electronicum manifestae. Conidia solitaria,
35–98×3–5 μm, 3–8-septata, sinuata, curvata, raro erecta,
subcylindrica vel obclavata, laevia, hyalina, subhyalina vel
pallido-olivacea, apice subacuto, basi truncata et non
cicatricata, 1–2 μm lata.
Lesions up to 30 mm in diameter, amphigenous, sparse,
reddish brown with light brown center and dark brown
borders, circular to elliptical, irregular, coalescent. Colonies amphigenous, dark brown, caespitose, sparse. Mycelium internal, colorless to pale brown, reaching the
mesophyll. Hyphae 1–4 μm wide, colorless to pale
brown, septate, branched. Stromata 18–55×23–60 μm,
brown, subepidermal, erumpent, textura angularis; cells
6–10×4–8 μm Conidiophores (13) 20–52×4–6 μm,
numerous, macronematous, mononematous, brown,
smooth, densely caespitose, arising from stromata, 0–1septate, sometimes with percurrent proliferations, rarely
branched, straight or slightly sinuous, sometimes one-
Table 1 Main characteristics of Phaeoramularia-like Passalora species found on bignoniaceous hosts
Phaeoramularia-like
Passalora species
Host species
Lesions (mm)
Stromata
(μm)
Conidiophores
(μm)
Conidia (μm)
P. adenocalymmatisa,b Adenocalymma bullatum, 0.5–3
A. bracteatum
P. adenocalymmatisc
0.5–3
40–60 deep
P. catalpaea,b
1–4
Absent or up 10–125×3–5.5,
to 50
rarely septate
40–120×2.5–4.5, hyaline, with
indistinct septa
Sometimes
present
300–500
diameter
40–80 deep
35–125×3.5–6, pale olivacous to
brown, multiseptate
3–80×3.5–6, subhyaline to pale
olivaceous, 1–5-septate
25–170×3–4.5, pale olivaceous,
3–12-septate
35–90×5–6, olivacous to light
brown, 1–6-septate
16–92.5×2.5–55.6, olivaceous
pale, 1–7-septate
(6) 8–30 (34)×2.5–3.2 μm
P. catalparuma,b
Catalpa bignonioides,
C. kaempferi C. ovata,
C. speciosa
Catalpa longissima
P. leprosaa,b
Tecoma sp.
Mostly indefinite or absent
0.5–1.5
P. pyrostegiaea,b
Pyrostegia venusta
2.5
P. tecomariaeb
Tecomaria sp.
Up to 6 mm
P. markhamiaed
Markhamia cauda-felina
2–7
P. tabebuiaee
Tabebuia serratifolia
P. tabebuiae-ochraceae Tabebuiae ochraceae
sp. nov.
a
Chupp (1954)
Crous and Braun (2003)
Crous and Câmara (1998)
d
Liu and Guo (1982)
e
Muchovej and Ferreira (1981)
b
c
Up to 50
20–65×4–5.5, 0–2- 35–150×3–4.5, subhyaline to
septate
very pale olivacous, multiseptate
Up to 100 × 25–75×4–5, 1–5- (30–100) 50–100×3.5–4 (or 3.5–
up to 130
septate
4.5), (1–8) 3–8 (or 3–10)-septate
15–60
24–130×
52–126
15–70×4–7.5
40–150×5.8 constricted at septa
10–45×4–6
30–50×5–7,
1–3-septate
5–26×2.5–4
Up to 50 long×
2.5–3.2 diameter
19–45 (–49)×3–6
31–75×5–8 μm, colorless to light
brown, 1–11-septate
123
Fig. 1 a–e Passalora tabebuiae-ochraceae on T. ochracea.
a Symptoms on leaves.
b Fasciculate conidiophores seen
in SEM. c Erumpent
stroma in transverse section.
d Caespitose conidiophores.
e Conidial chain. Scale bars:
a=20 mm; b–e=10 μm
Fig. 2 a–f Pseudocercospora
tabebuiae-caraibae on
T. caraiba. a Leaf lesions.
b, c Conidiophores in SEM.
d Erumpent stroma seen
in transverse section.
e Conidiophores with conidia on
an erumpent stroma. f Conidia.
Scale bars: a=10 mm;
b–f=10 μm
124
celled, i.e., reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous
cells integrate, polyblastic, mostly monoblastic and usually
terminal, sympodial, geniculate, rarely percurrent, with
inconspicuous conidiogenous loci (visible by SEM).
Conidia solitary, 35–98×3–5 μm, 3–8-septate, sinuous to
curved, rarely erect, subcylindrical to obclavate, smooth,
colorless, subhyaline to pale olivaceous, attenuate at the
apex, truncate at the base, not cicatrized.
Six Pseudocercospora species have been described in
association with leaf spots on Tabebuia species. The wellstructured stromata formed by Pseudocercospora tabebuiae-caraibae clearly segregate this species from the
nonstromatic Pseudocercospora sordida (Sacc.) Deighton,
Pseudocercospora tecomae-heterophyllae (J.M. Yen) Y.L.
Guo & X.J. Liu, and Pseudocercospora oroxyligena J.M.
Yen, A.K. Kar & B.K. Das (Deighton 1976; Yen et al.
1982; Guo and Hsieh 1995) (Table 2). In addition,
P. sordida forms much larger conidia, 20–200×3–5 μm,
and conidiophores, 20–120×3–5 μm, but the lesions,
1–7 mm wide, are smaller. Pseudocercospora tecomae-
heterophyllae shows shorter conidiophores, 4–25 μm, and
conidia, 20–70×2–3 μm, and lesions just 1–4 (–15) mm in
diameter. In the case of P. oroxyligena, the conidia,
24–87×7–9 μm, are shorter and wider, conidiophores,
50–100×4–9 μm, are larger than those of the new species
that further differed also by smaller lesions, 2–5 mm in
diameter.
The stromatic species Pseudocercospora stereospermicola
Srisk. & Sivan. (Sriskantha and Sivanesan 1980) shows
smaller stromata, 25×50 μm, and 1–10-septate conidia,
50–110 μm, besides having 1–3-septate conidiophores,
16–60 μm, which are longer and with more septa than
those of the new species. On the other hand, Pseudocercospora tabebuiae-roseo-albae Inácio & Dianese (Inácio
and Dianese 1998) shows deeper (23–77 μm deep)
stromata than P. tabebuiae-caraibae, and also differs in
lesion size, up to 13 mm in diameter, and shorter conidia,
12–57 μm, besides showing pale brown instead of pale
olivaceous conidia. Finally, P. tabebuiae-caraibae is
segregated from the stromatic species Pseudocercospora
Table 2 Main characteristics of Pseudocercospora species on Bignoniaceae in comparison with those of P. caraibae
Pseudocercospora
species
Host species
P. cybistacisa,b,c
20–70×2.5–4, very pale
olivaceous brown
Dolichandrone platycalyx 0.5–2
Absent, or as few dark 60–300×5–6.5 30–80×4–5.5, subhyaline to
brown cells
very pale olivaceous
T. rosea, T. pentophylla
3–20
Up to 50 diameter
40–150×5–8
30–80×3.5–6, subhyaline to
very pale oivaceous brown
Tecoma radicans
None or
Absent
20–120×3–5
20–200×3–5, pale to medium
(=Campsis radicans)
indefinite
dark olivaceous
Zeyheria digitalis
2–12 mm 60–240 diameter
58–76×4–5,
41–101×3–5, hyaline to light
(=Z. Montana)
2–6 septa
brown, 3–13-septate
Campsis grandiflora
1–7
Absent
20–90×3.5–5, 20–165×3–5.5, light brown to
1–4 (15)
1–4-septate
olivaceous, 3–15 septa
Tecomaria capensis
Absent
4–25×2–3,
20–70×2–3, subhyaline,
0–1-septate
3–11 septa
Oroxylum indicum
2–5
Absent
50–100×4–9,
24–87×7–9, light brown
0–3-septate
olive, 1–5 septa
Dolichandrone platycalyx 3–10
Small
10–30×2–3.5
40–100×1.5–3, subhyaline
to very pale yellowish
olivaceous
Stereospermum
5
25×50
16–60×3–6,
50–110×2–5, pale to light
1–3-septate
olivaceous, up to 10 septa
Tabebuia roseo-alba
up to 13
23–77×20–65
18–58×2–5,
12–57×2–5, pale brown, 1–8
1–5-septate
septa
Tabebuia caraiba
up to 30
18–55×23–60
13–52×4–6, up 35–98×3–5, pale olivaceous,
to 3 septa
1–10 septa
P. hansfodriia,b
P. jahniia,b
P. sordidaa,b
P. zeyheriaea,d
P. sordidae
P. tecomae-heterophyllaef
P. oroxyligenag
P. dolichandronea,h
P. stereospermicolag
P. tabebuiae-roseo-albaei
P. tabebuiae-caraibae
a
Cybistax antisyphilitica
Chupp (1954)
Crous and Braun (2003)
c
Hennings (1909)
d
Furlanetto and Dianese (1999)
e
Guo and Hsieh (1995)
f
Yen et al. (1982)
g
Sriskantha and Sivanesan (1980)
h
Deighton (1976)
i
Inácio and Dianese (1998)
b
Lesions
(mm)
Stromata (μm)
Conidiophores
(μm)
3–7
25–75 diameter
10–35×2.5–4
Conidia (μm)
125
Table 3 Main characteristics of Elsinoë species described in association with bignoniaceous hosts
Elsinoë species Host species
Lesions (mm)
Ascomata (μm)
Asci (μm)
E. carolia,c
Unknown
Bignoniaceae
ND
26–34×20–24
E. carolia,c
Petastoma
formosum
0.3–1.6 (up to 2 mm long along
the veins) diameter, amphigenous
mainly hypophyllous
1–2.5, amphigenous, slightly
irregular, salient and verrucose,
sometimes smooth and
depressed
0.25 to 0.5 diameter,
hypophyllous
1.5–3 diameter, amphigenous
E. markhamiaeb Markhamia
platycalyx
E. tecomaec
Tabebuia sp.
(=Tecoma sp.)
E. tecomae
Tabebuia
heptaphylla
Up to 50, amphigenous
ND
30–50 high×
50–100 diameter
40–60 high×
80–100
(25–58) 30–58
(or 30–70)×
(43–120) 65–120
(or 65–127)
Ascospores (μm)
18–20×7–9, 1–3 transversal
septa, constricted at median
septum
32–42×20–32
16–23×7–8, 4–5 transversal
septa, constricted at media
septum and with longitudinal
septa
16–22
14–16×5–6, 1–3 transversal
septa
18–22×12–15
12–13×5.5–6, muriform,
constricted at median septum
(18) 20–30×(13) 9–14×3–6, muriform, with
15–21
1–3 transversal and 1–2
longitudinal septa, constricted
at median septum
a
Bitancourt and Jenkins (1941)
Jenkins and Bitancourt (1946)
c
Viégas (1944)
b
dolichandrone (Chupp) Deighton, which forms smaller
conidiophores, 10–30×2–3.5 μm, and conidia, 40–100×
1.5–3 μm, slightly longer than those of the new species
(Deighton 1976).
In conclusion, based on the data discussed and
summarized in Table 2, and emphasizing the presence of
characteristically curved conidia on the specimen studied,
this fungus proved to represent a new species, here
designated as P. tabebuiae-caraibae (Fig. 2).
Fig. 3 a–e Elsinoë tabebuiae
on T. heptaphylla. a Leaf spots.
b, c Ascomata in transverse
sections. d Asci with hyaline
ascospores. e Ascospores. Scale
bars: a=10 mm; b–e=10 μm
Epitypification of Elsinoë tecomae (Fig. 3a–e)
Elsinoë species known on Bignoniaceae are Elsinoë caroli
Bitanc. & Jenkins (Bitancourt and Jenkins 1941; Viégas
1944) on Petastoma formosum, Elsinoë markhamiae
Bitanc. & Jenkins on Markhamia platycalyx (Jenkins and
Bitancourt 1946), and E. tecomae Viégas on Tabebuia
(=Tecoma) sp. (Viégas 1944). Elsinoë caroli differs from
E. tecomae due to smaller leaf lesions, up to 2.5 mm in
126
diameter, larger asci, 32–42×20–32 μm, and ascospores,
16–23×7–9 μm; E. markhamiae is also different because
its ascomata are smaller, 30–50×50–100 μm, and the asci
wider, 16–22 μm (Table 3).
The holotype of E. tecomae is deposited in the IACM
Herbarium in Campinas, Brazil. However, due to a lack of
satisfactory fungal material on the holotype, which now
cannot be critically identified for purposes of the precise
application of the name, and in the absence of other type
specimens, a comparison with a new collection of the same
fungus on Tabebuia heptaphylla became impossible. Thus,
an epitype is now designated, described and preserved in
the fungal collection deposited in Herbarium UB.
Elsinoë tecomae Viégas, Bragantia 4: 15–16, 1944.
Type: Brasil: Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Estação
Experimental de Agricultura, on living leaves of Tecoma
sp., 27 May 1940, C. T. Almeida, 192 (IACM 3988,
holotype), devoid of any fructification. Distrito Federal,
Brasília, Ponte do Bragueto, Final Eixo Rodoviário Norte,
Plano Piloto, on living leaves of T. heptaphylla (Velll.) Tol.,
11 Dec 1995, C. A. Inácio, 441 (UB mycol. col. 10.553,
epitype), proposed here.
Lesions up to 50 mm in diameter, initially dark brown to
purple, amphigenous, irregular, circular to elliptical, becoming grayish and whitish at maturity with purple borders.
Mycelium internal, hyaline to pale brown. Hyphae 2–4 μm
wide, hyaline to pale brown, septate, straight or sinuous,
sometimes branched, deeply penetrating the mesophyll and
growing laterally infecting the epidermal cells. Ascomata
(25–) 30–58 (–70)×43 (–65) –120 (–127) μm, stromatic,
dark brown, epiphyllous, intraepidermal to erumpent,
multilocular, with locules in irregular layers surrounded by
a brown-celled pseudoparenchymatous tissue with textura
angularis; cells 3–9 μm in diameter. Asci
(18–) 20–30×(13–) 15–21 μm, broadly clavate, subglobose
to globose, short pedicelate, bitunicate, initially thickened at
the upper part, sometimes with a subapical chamber, eightspored. Ascospores 9–14×3–6 μm, colorless, smooth,
transversely 1–3-septate, becoming muriform with 1–2
longitudinal septa, constricted at median septum, multiseriate or irregularly arranged in the asci.
Acknowledgements The authors thank Dr. Oswaldo Paradela
Filho for the loan of Elsinoë material and Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brazilian National
Research Council) for a research fellowship to the second author.
The senior author thanks the University of Brasília for a visiting
professorship.
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