MYCOBIOTA 5: 33–64 (2015)
http://dx.doi.org/10.12664/mycobiota.2015.05.06
doi: 10.12664/mycobiota.2015.05.06
www.mycobiota.com
RESEARCH ARTICLE
ISSN 1314-7129 (print)
ISSN 1314-7781 (online)
Additions to the cercosporoid fungi from the Brazilian
Cerrado: 1. New species on hosts belonging in family
Fabaceae, and reallocations of four Stenella species into
Zasmidium
Antonio Hernández-Gutiérrez ¹, Zuleide Martins Chaves ², Denise
Dornelo-Silva ² & José Carmine Dianese ²*
¹ Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa 01, Campus do
Guamá, 66071–110 Belém, Pará, Brazil
² Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
Received 25 November 2015 / Accepted 8 December 2015 / Published 19 December 2015
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A., Chaves, Z.M., Dornelo-Silva, D. & Dianese, J.C. 2015. Additions to the
cercosporoid fungi from the Brazilian Cerrado: 1. New species on hosts belonging in family Fabaceae,
and reallocations of four Stenella species into Zasmidium. – Mycobiota 5: 33–64. doi: 10.12664/
mycobiota.2015.05.06
Abstract. Nine new species of cercosporoid fungi were found on leaves of plants in family
Fabaceae from the Brazilian Cerrado: Asperisporium galactiae on Galactia peduncularis,
Sirosporium sclerolobii and Zasmidium sclerolobii on Sclerolobium paniculatum,
Pseudocercospora acosmii-subelegantis on Acosmium subelegans, and Pseudocercospora
stryphnodendri on Stryphnodendron adstringens. In addition, four other Pseudocercospora
species were found on Cassia s. lat., including Chamaecrista and Senna: Pseudocercospora
aquae-emendadasensis on Chamaecrista orbiculata; Pseudocercospora sennae, Pseudocercospora
sennae-rugosae, and Pseudocercospora subcuticularis on Senna rugosa. Descriptions,
illustrations, and discussions of the new taxa are supplemented by keys to Pseudocercospora
species on hosts belonging to Cassia s. lat., and to Zasmidium species on Fabaceae.
Key words: Asperisporium, foliicolous fungi, fungal taxonomy, leaf spots, Neotropical
mycodiversity, Pseudocercospora, Sirosporium
* Corresponding author: e-mail: jcarmine@gmail.com
Copyright ©2015
■
MYCOBIOTA
34
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
Introduction
A survey accomplished in 2008 indicated that the Fabaceae (including subfamilies
Caesalpinoideae, Faboideae, and Mimosoideae), known as the largest family of flowering
plants in the world, encompasses in the Cerrado 108 genera, 1,174 species, and 262
varieties and subspecies. The Fabaceae corresponds to 9.5 % of the total number (> 12,000
species) of higher plant species in the Cerrado, including angiosperms, gymnosperms, and
pteridophytes (Mendonça et al. 2008). However, studies on legume-associated cercosporoid
fungi from the Cerrado are very scarce and confined to species described by Viégas (1945),
included in Chupp (1954), some of them revised by Inácio et al. (1996) and Crous et al.
(1997), and a few by Batista et al. (1960). Starting in 1994 (Medeiros & Dianese 1994),
a sequence of papers was published describing new species of cercosporoid fungi from the
Cerrado. In these publications, a new species belonging in Parastenella, four in Cercospora,
22 in Passalora, 31 in Pseudocercospora, and five in Stenella were described (Dianese &
Câmara 1994; Inácio & Dianese 1998, 1999, 2006; Furlanetto & Dianese 1999; DorneloSilva & Dianese 2003; Dornelo-Silva et al. 2007; Dianese et al. 2008; Hernández-Gutiérrez
& Dianese 2008, 2009, 2014a, b; Hernández-Gutiérrez et al. 2014). Four of the species
previously assigned to Stenella are now reallocated to Zasmidium. On fabaceous hosts only
eight new species distributed among the genera Cercospora, Passalora, and Pseudocercospora
have recently been described (Hernández-Gutiérrez & Dianese 2009). The present paper
deals with new species of Asperisporium, Pseudocercospora, Sirosporium, and Zasmidium on
plants belonging to Fabaceae, and reallocations of Stenella species from the Cerrado into
Zasmidium.
Material and methods
Leaves showing necrotic spots of different shades of gray/brown were collected and dried
in plant presses, before processing and depositing them in Herbarium UB Mycological
Collection. Colonies on the leaf spots were initially examined using a Zeiss (Discovery
v.8) stereomicroscope, to look for synnematous or fasciculate conidiophores. Portions of
the fungal colonies were removed from the leaves and mounted on slides containing lactoglycerol. Then, light microscopic observations, measurements, and drawings were made
using a Zeiss microscope, coupled to a camera lucida. The drawings show details of stromata,
condidiophores, conidiogenous cells, and conidia of each specimen studied.
Taxonomy
Asperisporium galactiae A. Hern.-Gut., Z.M. Chaves & Dianese, sp. nov.
MycoBank MB 814798
Fig. 1
Holotype: BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: Cuiabá, Chapada dos Guimarães National Park, Morro
São Jerônimo, on leaves of Galactia peduncularis (Benth.) Taub. (Fabaceae/Faboideae), 11
Apr 1996, J.C. Dianese (UB – Mycol Col. 11332).
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
35
Etymology: galactiae, derived from the host plant genus Galactia.
Diagnosis: Differs from the type species, Asperisporium caricae (Speg.) Maubl., in having
sublunate to fusoid conidia (vs. short-cylindrical in A. caricae).
Description: Lesions 0.5–2 mm diam., amphigenous, sparse, circular or irregular, brown,
without defined margin and halo. Colonies brown, caespitose, mostly hypophyllous, sometimes
epiphyllous. Mycelium internal. Stromata well-developed, textura globosa, erumpent,
light brown, 23–50 μm diam. Conidiophores 0–2-septate, sometimes reduced to a simple
conidiogenous cell, in compact sporodochia, straight, lageniform, cylindrical, ampulliform
when immature, 17–38 μm long, 6–8 μm broad in the widest part, light brown, smooth, thinwalled. Conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated, polyblastic, sympodial, with prominent thick,
dark conidiogenous loci, 1.5–2.5 μm wide. Conidia solitary, sublunate to fusoid, obconically
truncate to truncate at the base, with thick, dark hilum, 1–2 μm wide, apex rounded to
broadly rounded, 33–40 μm long, 5–8 μm diam. in the widest part, 2–3 μm at the base, 1–3
μm near the apex, 0–5-septate, dark brown, strongly verrucose when mature.
Comment: Crous & Braun (2003) and Braun et al. (2013) considered Asperisporium close to
Passalora, but differing by possessing strongly verrucose conidia. However, sequencing of the
ITS region and nLSU of the Asperisporium type species, A. caricae, showed that it clustered
within the Mycosphaerellaceae clade close to several Passalora species, but excluding the type
species of the latter genus (Minnis et al. 2011). Thus, Braun et al. (2013) also admitted
that further molecular work is needed to better clarify the situation of the polyphyletic
genus Passalora. They also suggested that species with lightly verruculose conidia, as for
instance A. sequoiae (Ellis & Everh.) B. Sutton & Hodges and A. juniperinum (Georgescu
& Badea) B. Sutton & Hodges, clustering close to Passalora species and further away from
the Asperisporium type species (Minnis et al. 2011), should be assigned to Passalora s.
lat. Therefore, it is currently advisable to assign phylogenetically unresolved species that
morphologically agree with the type of Asperisporium to the latter genus, at least tentatively.
There are 22 species of Asperisporium described and illustrated in the literature (http://
indexfungorum.org, September 2015). Most of the species agree morphologically well with
the type species, A. caricae (Ellis 1971, 1976). Recently, A. caricicola Crous & C. Nakash.,
a species morphologically indistinguishable from the type species has been described. The
authors based the introduction of the new species on minor differences in ITS and LSU
sequences; and the data was generated by comparing just one isolate of A. caricae with one
of that considered as new species (Crous et al. 2015). When one takes into account that
morphology reflects the entire genome of a fungus, it is difficult to accept a new species just
based on minor differences in sequences whose phylogenetic meaning is hardly appraisable. In
addition, it is more than questionable to base such a critical species on an unacceptably small
sampling. Carica papaya is a species naturally distributed in coastal regions of tropical America,
but A. caricicola was based on a single collection from cultivated papaya on Fiji, Oceania,
which raised the question if, indeed, two morphologically indistinguishable Asperisporium
have been evolved on this host or if the sequences just reflect intraspecific genetic variation.
36
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
This question can barely be answered just based on two sequences. In any case, the precipitate
introduction of A. caricicola is little helpful and more confusing to phytopathologists.
Asperisporium galactiae forms dark, subcuticular or subepidermal stromata, with textura
globosa. This characteristic is also present in A. moringae (Ellis 1976); all other species
of Asperisporium have stromata with textura angularis. Conidiophores of most species
are cylindrical or occasionally obclavate, but conidiophores of A. galactiae range from
ampulliform when young, to lageniform or even cylindrical when mature, and they are
0–1-septate. The conidia of Asperisporium species are in general uniformly 0–1(–2)-septa,
except for A. mikaniae (Ellis & Everh.) R.W. Barreto (Barreto & Evans 1995) that may
show conidia up to 5-septate, as is the case in A. galactiae.
The conidia of A. galactiae are well characterized by being slightly curved (sublunate),
wider at the middle, and strongly verrucose, but not verruculose at the base, with a more
or less prominent dark hilum. The conidiogenous cells of A. galactiae are very characteristic
by having prominent, thick, dark colored conidiogenous loci, appearing as broad short
denticles, giving a peculiar shape to the conidiogenous cell apex.
Two species assigned to Asperisporium are known to be parasitic on hosts of the Fabaceae,
viz. A. cassiae (Syd.) Deighton on Senna multiglandulosa (Jacq.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (=
Cassia tomentosa L. f.), and A. pongamiae (Syd. & P. Syd.) Deighton on Pongamia sp. (Ellis
1976). Thus, the present specimen represents the third Asperisporium species on a host of
the Fabaceae, and the first on a Galactia species.
Asperisporium cassiae shows longer multiseptate conidiophores and smaller conidia
than the new species; while A. pongamiae has smaller conidia with smooth, wrinkled or
minutely verruculose wall. Among other cercosporoid fungi on members of the genus
Galactia, there are only two that, however, are typical Cercospora species, C. flagellifera G.F.
Atk. and C. galactiae Ellis & Everh. Thus, the well-defined and peculiar characteristics of
the new species, such as verrucose, sublunate to fusoid conidia, infecting for the first time
a Galactia species, differentiate this specimen from the remaining species of Asperisporium,
clearly indicating that it belongs to a new species.
Pseudocercospora acosmii-subelegantis A. Hern.-Gut., Z.M. Chaves & Dianese, sp. nov.
Fig. 2
MycoBank MB 814799
Holotype: BRAZIL. Distrito Federal: Planaltina, Águas Emendadas Ecological Station, on
leaves of Acosmium subelegans (Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev (Fabaceae/Faboideae), 6 Mar 1995, M.
Sanchez (UB – Mycol Col. 7397).
Etymology: acosmii-subelegnatis, derived from the host species Acosmium subelegans.
Diagnosis: Differs from P. luzianensis, also known from the Cerrado, in having nonsynnematous conidiophores and conidia with thickened walls and septa (vs. conidia with
thin septa and walls in P. luzianensis).
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
37
Description: Lesions 0.5–3 mm diam., amphigenous, punctiform, circular or irregular,
dark brown, without a delimiting margin. Colonies exclusively hypophyllous, brown.
Mycelium internal. Stromata absent. Conidiophores in fascicles with up to ten conidiophores
emerging through stomata, straight or slightly curved, sometimes showing percurrent
proliferations, 41–93 μm long and 3–5 μm wide, 1–5 septate, light brown olivaceous,
smooth. Conidiogenous cells integrated, polyblastic, sympodial, sometimes geniculate and
showing percurrent extensions; conidiogenous loci flat slightly pigmented. Conidia simple,
non catenate, obclavate or fusoid, sometimes curved, obconically truncate to truncate at the
base, with unthickened, but lightly pigmented 1.5–3 μm wide hilum, obtuse to rounded
at the apex, walls and septa thickened, 32–82 μm long, 7–10 μm broad at the widest part,
1–4 μm at the base, 1–2 μm near the apex, 0–9-septate, olivaceous-brown, paler near the
apex, smooth.
Pseudocercospora aquae-emendadasensis A. Hern.-Gut., Z.M. Chaves & Dianese, sp. nov.
Fig. 3
MycoBank MB 814800
Holotype: BRAZIL. Distrito Federal: Planaltina, Águas Emendadas Ecological Station, on
leaves of Chamaecrista orbiculata (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Fabaceae), 21 Feb 1997,
M. Sanchez (UB – Mycol. Col. 13421).
Etymology: Specific epithet referring to the site of type collection.
Diagnosis: Differs from P. chamaecristigena in having shorter mononematous conidiophores
(50–130 μm long) (vs. much longer synnematous conidiophores, 208–335 μm long, in P.
chamaecristigena).
Description: Lesions 1–4 mm diam., amphigenous, circular, brown to dark brown,
surrounded by a yellowish halo. Colonies amphigenous, mainly caespitose, sometimes
loosely synnematous, olivaceous-brown. Mycelium internal. Stromata 17–50 μm diam.,
moderately developed, textura globosa, substomatal, light brown. Conidiophores in loose
to dense fascicles, emerging through stomata, slightly curved, somewhat flexuous or
straight, 50–130 μm long, 5–7 μm broad at the widest part, 1–5-septate, occasionally with
percurrent proliferation, light brown to olivaceous, smooth, thin-walled. Conidiogenous
cells terminal, integrate, mostly monoblastic, sometimes polyblastic and sympodial, light
olivaceous; conidiogenous loci aplanate, unthickened. Conidia solitary, straight, slightly
curved, sometimes flexuous, obclavate to fusoid, obconically truncate, sometimes cylindrical
at the base with slightly prominent hilum, 2–4 μm wide, rounded to broadly rounded at the
apex, 28–65 μm long, 5–7 μm broad at the widest part, 2–3 μm at the base, 2–3 μm near
the apex, 0–4-septate, walls and septa thickened, sometimes constricted at some septa, light
olivaceous to subhyaline, smooth.
38
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
Additional specimen examined: BRAZIL. Distrito Federal: Planaltina, Águas Emmendadas
Ecological Station, on leaves of Chamaecrista orbiculata (Fabaceae), 5 Mar 1997, M. Sanchez
(UB – Mycol Col. 13703).
Pseudocercospora sennae A. Hern.-Gut., Z.M. Chaves & Dianese, sp. nov.
MycoBank MB 814801
Fig. 4
Holotype: BRAZIL. Distrito Federal: Brasília, North Peninsula, on leaves of Senna rugosa (G.
Don.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Fabaceae), 31 May 1992, J.C. Dianese (UB – Mycol Col. 1132).
Etymology: Specific epithet derived from the host genus.
Diagnosis: Differs from P. taichungensis in having much longer, 1–5-septate conidiophores,
30–76 μm long, and much longer conidia, 24–132 μm (vs. conidiophores 10–25 × 1–3
μm, 0–2-septate, conidia, 20–55 μm long) in P. taichungensis).
Description: Lesions 1–6 mm diam., amphigenous, irregular, sometimes coalescent, brown
with a darker margin and surrounded by a yellowish brown halo. Mycelium internal. Colonies
amphigenous, brown. Stromata 42–183 μm diam., well-developed, textura angularis,
erumpent, brown. Conidiophores in dense and compact layers arising from the stromata,
unbranched, straight or slightly curved, cylindrical, 30–76 μm long, 4–6 μm broad at the
widest part, reddish brown, 1–5-septate, sometimes percurrently proliferating, smooth,
thin-walled. Conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated, mono- or polyblastic, sympodial;
conidiogenous loci flat, unthickened, 3–3.5 μm wide. Conidia solitary, curved or straight,
narrowly obclavate, sometimes cylindrical or filiform, obconically truncate to truncate at
the base, hilum not thickened. 1–2.5 μm wide; obtuse to rounded or broadly rounded at
the apex, 24–132 μm long, 3–5 μm broad at the widest part, 1–2 μm at the base, 1–3 μm
near the apex, 1–8-septate, light brown to subhyaline, smooth, thin-walled.
Additional specimens examined: On leaves of Senna rugosa (Fabaceae) BRAZIL. Distrito
Federal: Brasília, North Peninsula, 11 May 1992, J.C. Dianese (UB – Mycol Col. 1219).
Planaltina, Águas Emendadas Ecological Station, 10 Jun 1992, R.B. Medeiros (UB – Mycol
Col. 1139). Brazlândia, 18 Jun 1992, R.B. Medeiros (UB – Mycol Col. 1232). PADF, 18
Feb 1993, J.C. Dianese (UB – Mycol Col. 3177). Minas Gerais: Divinopolis, Expo Park,
J.C. Dianese (UB – Mycol Col. 5514).
Pseudocercospora sennae-rugosae A. Hern.-Gut., Z.M. Chaves & Dianese, sp. nov. Fig. 5
MycoBank MB 814802
Holotype: BRAZIL. Distrito Federal: Brasília, North Peninsula, on leaves of Senna rugosa (G.
Don.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Fabaceae), 9 Jan 1993, J.C. Dianese (UB – Mycol Col. 3033).
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
39
Etymology: Epithet referring to the host species, Senna rugosa.
Diagnosis: Differs from P. sennae in having 2–12-septate conidiophores and longer,
3–18-septate conidia, 17–193 × 3–4 μm (vs. conidiophores 1–5-septate and conidia
shorter, 24–132 × 3–5 μm, with 1 to 8 septa in P. sennae ).
Description: Lesions 2–8 mm diam., amphigenous, irregular, reddish brown, surrounded by a
somewhat darker margin. Colonies mainly epiphyllous, occasionally hypophyllous, caespitose,
shining grey. Stromata 152–245 μm diam., well-developed formed by cells of textura angularis
at the lower part and textura prismatica at the upper part due to the compactly aggregated
conidiophores, brown, subcuticular to subepidermal, erumpent. Conidiophores in very dense
and compact fascicles to form a prismatic texture, individual conidiophores only evident at
the apex or at conidiogenous cells, unbranched, straight or slightly curved, cylindrical, 50–
66 μm long, 4–5 μm broad at the widest part, 2–12-septate, brown, smooth, thin-walled.
Conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated, monoblastic, narrowly lageniform to cylindrical,
light brown; conidiogenous loci flat, unthickened, 2–2.5 μm wide. Conidia solitary, straight,
slightly curved to strongly curved by being almost U-shaped, filiform to slightly obclavate;
obconically truncate to truncate at the base, hilum unthickened, 1–2 μm wide, obtuse to
rounded at the apex, 17–193 μm long, 3–4 μm broad at the widest part, 1–3 μm at the base
and near the apex, 3–18-septate, light brown to light olivaceous-brown, smooth, thin-walled.
Additional specimen examined: On leaves of Senna rugosa (Fabaceae) BRAZIL. Distrito
Federal: Planaltina, Núcleo Rural do Pipiripau, 10 Jun 1994, C.A. Inácio (UB – Mycol Col.
6191).
Pseudocercospora stryphnodendri A. Hern.-Gut., Z.M. Chaves & Dianese, sp. nov. Fig. 6
MycoBank MB 814803
Holotype: BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Divinópolis, Barrinha Farm, right side of Highway
from Divinopólis to Formiga, 20°13’54.9”S, 45°05’33.7”W, on leaves of Stryphnodendron
adstringens (Mart.) Coville (Fabaceae), 31 Dec 1991, J.C. Dianese (UB – Mycol Col. 894).
Etymology: Epithet referring to the host genus.
Diagnosis: Differs from the similar P. chamaecristae in having fasciculate, but nonsynnematous, much shorter conidiophores, 12–22 μm long and much longer and narrower,
3–9-septate conidia, 26–75 × 2–3 μm (vs. longer, synnematous conidiophores and much
shorter and wider, 1–4-septate conidia, 25–35 × 5–8 μm, in P. chamaecristae.
Description: Lesions 1–16 mm diam., amphigenous, irregular, sometimes circular, coalescent,
purplish brown, without margin or surrounding halo. Colonies amphigenous, caespitose,
yellowish grey. Stromata 13–26 μm diam., poorly developed, formed by cells of textura
40
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
globosa, substomatal, light olivaceous to subhyaline. Conidiophores in compact stomatal
fascicles, unbranched, straight or slightly curved, lageniform or ampulliform, 12–22 μm long,
3–4 μm broad at the widest part, 0–1-septate, light olivaceous to subhyaline, smooth, thinwalled. Conidiogenous cells terminal, integrate, mainly forming a unicellular conidiophore,
polyblastic, sympodial, geniculate, conidiogenous loci flat, unthickened, not pigmented,
1–1.5 μm wide. Conidia solitary, curved, flexuous or straight, filiform, obclavate, obconically
truncate to truncate at the base, hilum unthickened, 1 μm wide; acute, obtuse to rounded at
the apex, 26–75 × 2–3 μm diam. at the widest part, 1–2 μm at the base and near the apex,
3–9-septate, light olivaceous to subhyaline, smooth, thin-walled.
Additional specimens examined: on leaves of Stryphnodendron adstringens (Fabaceae),
BRAZIL. Distrito Federal: Brasília, Vargem Bonita, Cerrado das Mansões, 26 Jun 1994,
M. Sanchez (UB – Mycol Col. 6222, 6223, 6242, 6243, and 6244). Planaltina, Águas
Emendadas Ecological Station, 26 Jun 1995, Z.M. Chaves (UB – Mycol Col. 8880).
Pseudocercospora subcuticularis A. Hern.-Gut., Z.M. Chaves & Dianese, sp. nov.
MycoBank MB 814804
Fig. 7
Holotype: BRAZIL. Distrito Federal: Brasília, University of Brasília, Biological Experiment
Station, on leaves of Senna rugosa (G. Don.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Fabaceae), 11 Jul 1993,
J.C. Dianese (UB – Mycol Col. 4092).
Etymology: Epithet referring to the subcuticular origin of the conidiophores.
Diagnosis: Differs from the similar P. sennae-rugosae in having 2–7-septate, shorter
conidiophores (to 56 μm long), and much shorter, 0–13-septate conidia (26–92 μm long)
(vs. 2–12-septate conidiophores, 50–66 × 4–5 μm, conidia 3–18-septate, 17–193 × 3–4
μm in P. sennae-rugosae).
Description: Lesions 3–18 mm diam., amphigenous, angular or irregular, limited by the
leaf veins, brown, surrounded by a darker margin. Colonies amphigenous, dark greyish or
black, mostly subcuticular. Stromata 125–225 μm diam., well-developed, intraepidermal,
formed by cells of textura angularis, light brown or olivaceous. Conidiophores in dense
fascicles, unbranched, straight or slightly curved, cylindrical, inclined towards the direction
of the cuticle fissure, 33–56 μm long, 4–7 μm broad at the widest part, 2–7-septate, light
olivaceous, smooth, thin-walled. Conidiogenous cells terminal, sometimes intercalary,
integrated, monoblastic, cylindrical or slightly ampulliform, sometimes percurrently
proliferating; condiogenous loci 2–3 μm wide. Conidia solitary, straight, sometimes curved,
obclavate or fusoid to cylindrical, obconically truncate to truncate at the base, hilum
unthickened, 1–4 μm wide; rounded to broadly rounded at the apex, 26–92 μm long, 4–7
μm broad at the widest part, 2–4 μm at the base, 2–3 μm near the apex, 0–13-septate, light
olivaceous, smooth, thin-walled.
41
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
Comments to the new Pseudocercospora species: Six new Pseudocercospora species found on four
host species belonging to three different genera, Acosmium, Chamaecrista, Stryphnodendron,
and Senna, are described herein. The first species, P. acosmii-subelegantis, is characterized
by the marked conidial polymorphism, all with thickened septa and walls, as present in
some Pseudocercospora species previously allocated to Prathighada s. lat. The type species of
the latter genus and other species with unthickened conidiogenous loci proved to belong
to Pseudocercospora (Braun et al. 2013). Thus, the new species, which is clearly separated
from Passalora acosmii A. Hern.-Gut & Dianese, also found on A. subelegans (HernándezGutiérrez & Dianese 2009), is here accommodated in Pseudocercospora s. str. There is no
morphologically comparable species on allied hosts of the Amorpheae (dalbergioid clade, see
Bruneau et al. 2013).
Pseudocercospora stryphnodendri is well-characterized by its short, pale, 0–1-septate
conidiophores and narrow, very pale conidia. This is the first Pseudocercospora described on
a host belonging to the genus Stryphnodendron. There are no comparable Pseudocercospora
species on phylogenetically allied hosts of the Mimosoideae (Microlobium, Parapiptadenia,
Pseudopiptadenia, Stryphnodendron lineage, see Jobson & Luckow 2007).
The other new species occur on hosts of the genera Chamaechrista and Senna,
both pertaining to a well-supported clade that is taxonomically usually referred to as
Caesalpinioideae, tribe Cassieae, subtribe Cassiinae, comprising Cassia, Chamaecrista, and
Senna, although the latter group probably warrants to be considered as tribe Cassieae s.
str. (Bruneau et al. 2013). There are numerous Pseudocercospora spp. described on hosts
of Cassia s. lat. (incl. Chamaecrista and Senna). A first comprehensive survey of and
key to cercosporoid fungi on Cassia s. lat. was published by Braun (1989). He reduced
Pseudocercospora cassia-occidentalis and P. singaporensis to synonymy with P. nigricans. An
updated key to Pseudocercospora species, reflecting the morphological differences, is herein
provided taking into account the summary shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Some morphotaxonomic features of the Pseudocercospora species found on hosts
belonging to Cassia s. lat.
Pseudocercospora species
P. angustata (2)
Stromata
(μm)
S
Conidiophores /
Fascicles
Mono, densely fasciculate
P. aquae-emendadasensis (1) 17–50, text. globo- Mono, stomatal
sa, substomatal
Conidiophores
Conidia
(μm) Septation (μm) Septation
10–50
× 2–3.5
Rare
15–75
× 2–4
3–7
50–130
× 5–7
1–5
28–65
× 5–7
0–4
Thickened
wall
and
septa
P. cassiae-alatae (3)
A
Mono on external
hyphae
0–6
15–90
1–10
P. cassiae-diphyllae (4)
S, 3–5, substomatal
Mono, stomatal and 5–70
laterally on creeping × 2.5–7
hyphae
Aseptate
12–55
× 3–6
1–5
42
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
Table 1. (continued)
Pseudocercospora species
Stromata
(μm)
Conidiophores /
Fascicles
Conidiophores
Conidia
(μm) Septation (μm) Septation
P. cassiae-occidentalis (5)
A
Mono, fascicle with
2–6 conidiophores,
stomatal
60–130
× 4–5
μm
2–6
62–100
× 3.5–5
3–6
P. cassiae-siameae (2)
17–24, substomatal
Mono, fascicles com- 15–27
pact
× 3.5–4
non geniculate
0–1
29–94
3–10
× 3.5–4.5
P. cassiae-sophorae (6)
A or small on external hyphae
Mono, conidiophores verruculose
single on external
hyphae, sometimes
subsynnematous
6.5–65
× 2–3.5
0–4
14–55 ×
2–3.5
2–5
P. cassiigena (3)
Globose 25–40,
erumpent
Mono, conidiophores densely fasciculate
6—11
× 2–3
0
22–36 ×
2–2.5
Strictly 3
P. cassia-fistulae (7)
Elongate, erumpent,
45 wide
Mono, fasciculate on 10–30
stromata, secondary × 2.5–5
conidiophores simple on creeping hyphae originated from
stromata
0–2
25–65 ×
3–4
2–8
P. caesalpiniicola (8)
30–45, substomatal
Synnematous, fasci- 50–251
cle with up to 35 co- × 4–6
nidiophores
Multi
40–105 × 2–9
5–6.5
P. chamaecristae (8)
30–50, substomatal to intraepidermal
Synnematous,
synnemata 120–280
× 15–60
Multi
25–35 ×
5–8
P. chamaecristigena (8)
35–83, substoma- Synnematous, tex208–335 4–12
tal, textura globosa tura parallela,
× 3–5
synnemata 208–335
× 20–83, with 16–
65 conidiophores
35–79 ×
5–8
P. exilis (8)
25–50, substomatal
Synnematous,
149–332 6–14
synnemata 149–332 × 5–7
× 7–23, with 5–13
conidiophores
38–103 × 4–10
6–9
P. luzianensis (8)
50–88, substomatal
Synnematous,
141–600 8–21
synnemata 315–600 × 3–5
× 12–47, with 6–41
conidiophores
22–89 ×
5–7
1–8
P. nigricans (2)
A
Mono, stomatal, Fas- 15–125
cicle with 2–12 co- × 3.5–5
nidiophores
Multi
30–80 ×
3.5–5
3–5
P. sennae (1)
P, 42–183, text.
ang., erumpent
Mono, fascicle com- 30–76
pact on stromata
× 4–6
1–5
24–132
× 3–5
1–8
1–4
43
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
Table 1. (continued)
Pseudocercospora species
Stromata
(μm)
Conidiophores /
Fascicles
Conidiophores
Conidia
(μm) Septation (μm) Septation
P. sennae-rugosae (1)
152–245/ textura
angularis at base,
prismatica above
subepidermal
erumpent
Mono, fascicle com- 50–66
pact on stromata
× 4–5
P. sieberiana (9)
A
Mono, fascicle with
up to 12 conidiophores, stomatal
37.5
× 2–2.5
P. simulata (10)
A
Mono, fascicle superficial with 2–20
conidiophores
50–300
× 3–5
P. singaporensis (3)
A
Mono, fascicles with 31–77
2–10 conidiophores, × 4.5–
stomatal
5.5
P. subcuticularis (1)
125–225, textuMono, fascicles
ra angularis, erum- densely compacted,
pent intraepideron stromata
mal
P. taichungensis (7)
30–100 wide,
erumpent
2–12
17–193
× 3–4
Strongly curved
almost ushaped
3–18
27.5–72.5 1–6
× 2.5–3
Multi
20–80
× 3–7
1–5
(3)
1–4
30–67
× 3.5
1–4
(3)
33–56
× 4–7
2–7
26–92
× 4–7
0–13
Mono, fascicles
10–25
densely compact, on × 1–3
stromata
0–2
20–55
× 1.5–3
1–6
(1) Present study, (2) Deighton (1976), (3) Yen & Lim (1980), (4) Braun (1989), (5) Yen (1981), (6) Singh et
al. (2000), (7) Hsieh & Goh (1990), (8) Hernández-Gutiérrez & Dianese (2009), (9) Ram & Mallaiah (1992),
(10) Castañeda-Ruiz & Braun (1989)
A – absent
S – small, no dimensions offered
Mono – mononematous
Multi – multiseptate, no number offered
Key to Pseudocercospora species on hosts of the genus Cassia s. lat., including Chamaecrista
and Senna species
1
1
2(1)
2
3(2)
3
Conidiophores synnematous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Conidiophores mononematous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Synnemata 315–600 μm long; conidiophores 8–21-septate; conidia 1–8-septate,
22–89 × 5–7 μm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. luzianiensis
Synnemata < 400 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Synnemata 120–280 × 15–60; conidia 1–4-septate, 25–35 × 5–8 μm; stromata
30–50 μm diam., substomatal to intraepidermal . . . . . . . . . . . . P. chamaecristae
Synnemata > 300 μm long; conidia 4–12-septate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
44
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
Synnemata composed of 5–13 conidiophores, 149–332 × 7–23 μm; conidiophores
6–14-septate; conidia 4–10-septate, 38–103 × 6–9 μm; stromata 25–50 μm,
substomatal, textura globosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. exilis
4
Synnemata composed of 16–65 conidiophores, 208–335 × 20–83 μm; conidia 4–12septate, 35–79 × 5–8 μm; stromata, 35–83 μm diam., substomatal, textura globosa
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. chamaecristigena
5(1) Stromata present . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5
Stromata absent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6(5) Stromata minute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6
Stromata well-developed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
7(6) Stromata small; condiophores mostly on external hyphae, densely fasciculate; conidia
3–7-septate, up to 75 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. angustata
7
Stromata 3–5 μm diam.; conidiophores on stomatal fascicles and laterally on creeping
hyphae, conidia 1–5-septate, up to 55 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . P. cassiae-diphyllae
8(5) Conidiophores in fascicles, exclusively emerging through stomata . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8
Conidiophores also solitary, on external hyphae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9(8) Conidiophores short, 37.5 × 2–2.5 μm; conidia 1–6 septate, narrow, 27.5–72.5 ×
2.5–3 μm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. sieberiana
9
Conidiophores 15–130 × 3.5–5.5 μm; conidia 1–6-septate, 30–100 × 3.5–5 μm
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. nigricans (incl. P. cassiae-occidentalis, P. singaporensis)
10(8) Conidiophores up to 300 μm long; conidia mostly 1–5-septate, 20–80 × 3–7 μm
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P. simulata
10
Conidiophores up to 80 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
11(10) Conidia 1–10-septate, 15–90 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. cassiae-alatae
11
Conidia 2–5-septate, 14–55 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. cassiae-sophorae
12(6) Stromata substomatal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
12
Stromata intradermal, erumpent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
13(12) Stromata up to 50 μm diam.; conidiophores 1–5-septate, 50–130 × 5–7 μm, conidia
thick walled, 0–4-septate, 28–65 × 5–7 μm . . . . . . . . P. aquae-emendadasensis
13
Stromata up to 25 μm diam.; conidiophores 0–1-septate, 15–27 × 3.5–4 μm,
conidia 3–10-septate, 29–94 × 3.5–4.5 μm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. cassiae-siameae
14(12) Stromata globose, 25–40 μm diam.; condioiphores aseptate, 6–11 × 2–3 μm; conidia
strictly 3-septate, 22–36 × 2–2.5 μm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. cassiigena
14
Stromata elongated, 45 μm wide, or globose, reaching more than 100 μm in diam.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
15(14) Stromata elongated; primary conidiophores fasciculate on stromata, secondary
conidiophores on superficial hyphae originating from stromata; conidiophores
0–2-septate, 10–30 × 2.5–5 μm; conidia 2–8-septate, 25–65 × 3–4 μm
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. cassiae-fistulae
4(3)
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
45
Stromata globose reaching over 200 μm in diam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Conidia up to 18-septate; stromata over 200 μm diam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Conidia up to 8-septate; stromata reaching up to 183 μm diam. . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Conidiophores 2–12-septate, 50–66 × 4–5 μm; conidia 3–18-septate, 17–193 ×
3–4 μm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. sennae-rugosae
17
Conidiophores 2–7-septate, 33–56 × 4–7 μm; conidia 0–13-septate, 26–92 × 4–7
μm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. subcuticularis
18(16) Conidiophores 1–5-septate, 30–76 × 4–6 μm, sometimes showing percurrent
proliferations; conidia 1–8-septate, 24–132 × 3–5 μm . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. sennae
18
Conidiophores 0–2–septate, 10–25 × 1–3 μm; conidia 1–6-septate, 20–55 × 1.5–
3 μm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. taichungensis
15
16(15)
16
17(16)
Sirosporium sclerolobii A. Hern.-Gut., Z.M. Chaves & Dianese, sp. nov.
MycoBank MB 814805
Fig. 8
Holotype: BRAZIL. Goiás: Cristalina, Fazenda Nova Índia, on leaves of Sclerolobium
paniculatum var. rubiginosum (Tul.) Benth. (Fabaceae), 10 Apr 1996, J.C. Dianese (UB –
Mycol Col. 4933).
Etymology: Specific epithet referring to the host genus, Sclerolobium.
Diagnosis: Differs from the similar S. munduleae in having 1–29-septate conidia, 15–107
μm long (vs. conidia up to 14 septate and up to 80 μm long in S. munduleae).
Description: Lesions 2–13 mm diam., irregular, coalescent, amphigenous, dark brown,
without a limiting margin. Colonies exclusively hypophyllous, caespitose, yellowish brown.
Mycelium internal and external. Stromata 33–66 μm diam., well-developed, textura angularis,
erumpent, light brown, originating from the internal mycelium. Primary conidiophores on top
of the stromata, in loose fascicles, simple or branched, straight or slightly curved, narrowly
lageniform to cylindrical, 16–33 μm long, 4–5 μm broad at the widest part, 0–5-septate,
brown-olivaceous, smooth, thin-walled; conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated, monoor polyblastic, sympodial; conidiogenous loci conspicuous, thickened and dark. Secondary
conidiophores formed as single polyblastic conidiogenous cells laterally differentiated on
external hyphae, arising from stromata. Conidia solitary, curved, straight when young, later
flexuous or sinuous, subcylindrical to obclavate, sometimes cylindrical, young conidia show
thin walls, but mature conidia are thick-walled, often constricted at the septa; obconically
truncate at the base, with a moderately thick, dark hilum, 1–2 μm wide, rounded to broadly
rounded at the apex, 15–107 μm long, 3–9 μm diam. at the widest part, 1–2 μm at the
base, 2–4 μm near the apex, 1–29-septate, occasionally with some oblique septa, olivebrown to light olive-brown, smooth.
46
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
Additional specimen examined: on leaves of Sclerolobium paniculatum var. rubiginosum
(Fabaceae). BRAZIL. Goiás: Cristalina, Fazenda Nova Índia, 26 Jun 1994, 10 Apr 1996,
J.C. Dianese (UB – Mycol Col. 4934).
Comment: Braun et al. (2013) indicated that “the phylogenetic meaning and value of
thick conidial walls and oblique to longitudinal septa as distinguishing characters between
Sirosporium and Passalora are unclear”, and further emphasized that the phylogenetic position
of Sirosporium antenniforme (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Bubák & Serebrian., the type species of
genus, being still unknown. As the specimen on Sclerolobium paniculatum morphologically
fits the traditional concept of the genus Sirosporium (Ellis 1971, 1976), and considering the
currently unresolved phylogenetical position of this genus (Braun et al. 2013), it is advisable
to place the new species in Sirosporium, at least tentatively. One of the most conspicuous
characteristics of the specimen studied is the presence of fasciculate conidiophores on top
of erumpent stromata and, at the same time, the presence of secondary conidiophores born
laterally or apically on external hyphae, also originating from the stromata.
Amongst the 29 validly published Sirosporium names (http://indexfungorum.org, accessed on September 22, 2015), only three species were found on fabaceous hosts, viz. S.
gliricidiae (Syd. & P. Syd.) Deighton on Gliricidia sepium from the Philippines, S. munduleae
(Syd. & P. Syd.) M.B. Ellis on Mundulea suberosa from South Africa, and S. pluriseptatum
(Gadp., C.D. Sharma, Firdousi, A.N. Rai & K.M. Vyas) Kamal on Cassia fistula from India.
Many of the known species associated with members of 16 other families show a similar
conidial morphology, but all of them are easily separated from the new species based upon
dimensional differences.
In Table 2 clear differences indicate that S. sclerolobii sp. nov., the fourth species found
on Fabaceae, is easily distinguishable from the other three previously detected. Besides that,
S. gliricidiae has dark stromata and the conidiophores on the adaxial leaf surface originate
directly from the stromata, forming loose fascicles, but those of the abaxial surface, are
solitary and originated directly from the superficial mycelium (Ellis 1976). Here in the case
of S. sclerolobii the colonies are exclusively hypophyllous with both, conidiophore fascicles
and external mycelium, formed on the same leaf surface.
Table 2. Comparison of Sirosporium species infecting Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae
Sirosporium species
Conidiophores
Size (μm)
Septa
Size (μm)
Conidia
Septa
S. gliricidiae
–80 × 4–8
2–4
40–85 × 5–6
5–13
S. munduleae
–80 × 5–8
0–2
22–45 × 9–12
1–6
S. pluriseptatum
–101 × 3–6.5
up to 14
37–208 × 4–9
2–35
S. sclerolobii, sp. nov.
–66 × 4–5
0–5
15–107 × 3–9
1–29
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
47
Sirosporium munduleae has longer (up to 80 μm) conidiophores with rugose to verrugose
upper portion (Ellis 1976), different from the smooth, shorter ones (up to 66 μm) formed
by S. sclerolobii. Finally, S. pluriseptatum has larger, up to 14-septate conidiophores (–101 ×
3–6.5 μm) and much larger, 2–35-septate conidia (37–208 × 4–9 μm).
Zasmidium sclerolobii A. Hern.-Gut., Z.M. Chaves & Dianese, sp. nov.
MycoBank MB 814806
Fig. 9
Holotype: BRAZIL. Goiás: Luziânia, Roberto Ronald Farm on road to Unaí, on leaves of
Sclerolobium paniculatum Vogel (Fabaceae), 15 Nov 1994, J.C. Dianese (UB – Mycol. Col.
6838).
Etymology: Specific epithet referring to the host genus.
Diagnosis: Different from the similar Z. buteae by its very large stromata, shorter
conidiophores, 30–74 μm long, and shorter conidia 13–69 μm long, with 0–10 septa
(vs. lacking stromata, much longer conidiophores, up to 150 μm, and much longer, 5–12
septate conidia, 64–157 μm long, in Z. buteae.
Description: Lesions 1–3 mm diam., amphigenous, circular or irregular, sometimes coalescent,
dark brown, surrounded by a reddish margin. Colonies mainly hypophyllous, sometimes
epiphyllous, caespitose, dark brown. Mycelium external and internal; external hyphae light
brown, septate, verruculose to verrucose, branched, giving rise to holoblastic conidiogenous
cells; internal hyphae subhyaline, septate, giving rise to stromata. Stromata well-developed,
44–125 μm diam., textura globosa, subepidermal, erumpent, subhyaline to hyaline. Primary
conidiophores on top of the stromata, in dense fascicles, simple, sometimes branched, straight
or slightly curved, cylindrical, 30–74 μm long, 2–3 μm broad at the widest part, 2–8-septate,
olive-brown, finely verruculose at the apex, thin-walled; secondary conidiophores differentiated
as simples conidiogenous cells, arising laterally or terminally on creeping external verruculose
hyphae. Conidiogenous cells terminal or intercalary, integrate, or conidiophores reduced to
conidiogenous cells, mono- or polyblastic, sympodial, geniculate, verruculose, olivaceous;
conidiogenous loci aplanate, thickened and dark, 1.5–2 μm wide. Conidia in simple or
branched chains, straight to slightly curved, cylindrical, sometimes slightly obclavate,
obconically truncate at the base with a thickened dark hilum, 1.5–2 μm wide, rounded to
broadly rounded or conical-truncate at the apex, with 1–2 thick, dark apical scars in catenate
conidia, 13–69 μm long, 3–5 μm broad at the widest part, 1–2 μm at the base, 1–3 μm near
the apex, 0–10-septate, olivaceous, verruculose to verrucose, thin-walled.
Comment: Arzanlou et al. (2007) showed that although Zasmidium morphologically
resembles Stenella, the type species of the latter genus clustered in the Teratosphaeriaceae,
whereas Zasmidium in the Mycosphaerellaceae, as confirmed by Crous et al. (2009a, b)
who described and molecularly characterized new Zasmidium species. Furthermore,
conidia of Stenella (type species: S. araguata Syd.) have pileate conidiogenous loci (David
48
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
1991), while those of Zasmidium [type-species: Z. cellare (Pers.) Fr.] and the Stenella-like
species belonging in the Mycosphaerellaceae show thickened dark conidiogenous loci, a
morphological character that correlates with the molecular data available (Arzanlou et al.
2007; Crous et al. 2009a, b; Braun et al. 2010).
In the following years a series of Stenella species with Cercospora-like conidiogenous loci,
were recombined into Zasmidium, most of them based on morphological characteristics,
reaching 198 species names in 2015 (http://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp,
Accessed on September 28, 2015), distributed in 68 different host families. The main
host families with seven or more Zasmidium species are Fabaceae with 19 species, 13 in
Myrtaceae and Rubiaceae, 10 in Rutaceae, 8 in Apocynaceae, 7 in Araceae and Asteraceae. The
Zasmidium species on Fabaceae are distributed among 14 different host genera, six of them
on Cassia species (Braun & Urtiaga 2013).
There are no previous records of Zasmidium species on S. paniculatum. The following
dichotomous key, based on Table 3, segregates those Zasmidium species that infect hosts
belonging in family Fabaceae, most of them from India.
Table 3. Morphotaxonomic features of Zasmidium species, including the new Z. sclerolobii,
found on host belonging in family Fabaceae
Zasmidium species
Stromata
Conidiophores /
Fascicle*
Conidiophores
(μm) Septation
(μm)
Conidia
Septation Catenate /
Single
Z. bauhiniae (1)
Present
10–14 condiophores/fascicle
16.5–69
× 2.5–3.5
0–5
5–102.5
× 1.5–3
0–10
S and C
Z. browneicola (2)
Lacking
S from EH*
4.5–62.5
× 2.5–3
0–7
20–71
× 2.5–5.5
1–15
C
Z. buteae (3)
13–16 μm
diam.
S from EH
4–30
× 2–5
0–5
64–157
× 1–5
5–12
C
Z. canavaliae (4)
Lacking
Fasciculate
30–300
× 3–4.5
Z. cassiae-fistulae (5)
Substomatal Small loose fas10–30 μm
cicles on superdiam.
ficial stromata
40–150
× 2–4.5
Z. cassiae-grandis (6)
Lacking
10–50
1–5
× 3.0–5.5*
C
Pluriseptate
15–100
×2~6
3–22
S
5–50
× 2.5–7
0–3
15–90
× 3–7
0–10
S and C
Z. cassiae-occidentalis (7)
Present 15– Fasciculate on
48–140
20 μm diam. stromata or EH × 2.5–5
2–6
20–80
× 2–7
1–4
C
Z. cassiae-torae (8)
Small 7–10
μm diam.
Solitary or fasciculate
3.5–54
× 3–5
1–5
17–76
× 3.5–5
1–5
C
Z. cassiicola (9)
Lacking
S from EH
33–90
× 1.5–4
4–5
15–51
× 1.5–4.5
2–9
C
Z. citri-griseum (10)
Lacking or
small
S from EH
5–80
× 2.5–6
0–6
6–120
× 2–4.5
0–10
S and C
Z. crotalariicola (11)
Lacking
S from EH
80–140
× 4.0–5.0
2–4
22–75
× 3.5–5.0*
S from EH
C
49
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
Table 3. (continued)
Zasmidium species
Stromata
Conidiophores /
Fascicle*
Conidiophores
(μm) Septation
(μm)
Conidia
Septation Catenate /
Single
48–105
× 2–3
1–3
S and C
12–60
× 2–6
0–4
C
Z. dalbergiae (12)
Lacking
S from EH
45– 290
× 3–4
Z. fabaceaerum (13)
Lacking
S from EH
100–310
× 2–4
Z. fabaceicola (14)
Substomatal Fascicle from
17–19 μm
stromata or exdiam.
ternal hyphae
75–210
× 1.5–5
4–12
13.5–40
× 1.5–5
0–3
C
Z. millettiae (2)
Lacking
S from EH
54–70
× 3.5–5.0
7–9
20–80
× 2.5–5.5
3–17
C
Z. periandrae (15)
Lacking
S from EH
10–80
× 3–5
Pluriseptate
15–50
× 3–4
1–4
C
Z. prosopidis (16)
10–75 μm
diam.
Dense sporodochial fascicles on 5–40
erumpent stro- × 2–5
mata
0–1
20–110
× 2.5–5
0–14
S
3–11
Z. pterocarpigenum (17) Lacking
Small fascicles
30–110
× 3–6
20–55
× 4–7
1–5
C
Z. satpurense (18)
2–8 cells
Fascicles with
2–4 conidiophores
25–72.5
× 3–4
10–42.5
× 2.5–5
1–8
S
Z. sclerolobii sp. nov.
44–125 μm
diam.
Large stromatal
fascicles
30–74
× 2–3
2–8
13–69
× 3–5
0–10
C
Lacking
Solitary or on
fascicle with
2–15 condiophores
15–150
× 3.5–5
Pluriseptate
40–130
× 3–5
Pluriseptate
S
Z. tephrosiae (19)
(1) Haldar et al (2003), (2) Chaudhary et al. (2001), (3) Misra et al. (1997), (4) Deighton (1971), (5) Braun et
al. (2003), (6) Braun & Urtiaga (2013), (7) Kumar et al. (2006), (8) Singh et al. (2001), (9) Misra et al. (1999),
(10) Fisher (1961), Braun et al. (2014), Huang et al. (2015), (11) Chaudhary et al. (1991), (12) Phengsintham
et al. (2013), (13) Srivastava et al. (1994), (14) Kharwar et al. (2015), (15) Braun & Freire (2006), (16) Heald
& Wolf (1911), and Braun et al. (2010), (17) Braun (2003), (18) Sharma et al. (2006), (19) Braun et al. (2010)
S from EH = Solitary (mononematous) conidiophores originated from external hyphae
Key to Zasmidium species on fabaceous hosts
1
1
2
Stromata well-structured, reaching 125 μm diam; conidiophores 2–8-septate, 30–74
× 2–3 μm, forming dense fascicle on top of the stromata; on Sclerolobium paniculatum,
Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. sclerolobii
Stromata when present with a maximum of 75 μm diam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Conidiophores fasciculate on top of stromata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
50
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
2
Conidiophores with loose fascicles on poorly structured stromata, or single and mostly
arising from external hyphae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Conidiophores 2–6-septate, up to 140 μm long; conidia 1–4-septate, 20–80 μm long;
on Cassia occidentalis, Varanasi, India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. cassiae-occidentalis
Conidiophores less than 70 μm long; conidia up to 14-septate, over 100 μm long . . . 4
Conidia catenate, 0–10-septate, 5–102.5 × 1.5–3 μm; on Bauhinia vahlii, Bengal,
India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. bauhiniae
Conidia solitary, 0–14-septate, 20–110 × 2.5–5 μm; on Prosopis, USA . . . Z. prosopidis
Conidiophores on poorly structured stromata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Condiophores solitary on external hyphae; stromata lacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Conidiophores up to 150 μm long; conidia solitary, 5–12 septate, 64–157 × 1–5 μm;
on Butea parviflora, Uttar Pradesh, India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. buteae
Conidia up to 8-septate; on other hosts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Conidia 1–5 septate, 17–76 × 3.5–5 μm; on Cassia tora, Uttar Pradesh, India
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. cassiae-torae
Conidia 1–8-septate, 10–42.5 × 2.5–5 μm; on Cassiia fistula, Madhia Pradesh, India
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. satpurense
Conidiophores over 300 μm long; conidia 0–4-septate, 12–60 × 2–6 μm; on Dolichos
sp., Uttar Pradesh, India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. fabacearum
Conidiophores < 300 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Conidiophores less than 100 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Conidiophores over 100 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Conidia over 100 μm long, 0–10-septate, 6–120 × 2–4.5 μm; conidiophores
0–6-septate, 5–80 × 2.5–6 μm; on Acacia mangium, Gabon, Africa Z. citri-griseum
Conidia less than 100 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Conidia reaching 80 to 90 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Conidia reaching 50 to 71 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Conidiophores 7–9-septate, 54–70 × 3.5–5.0 μm; conidia 3–17-septate, 20–80 ×
2.5–5.5 μm; on Millettia ovalifolia, Uttar Pradesh, India . . . . . . . . . . . Z. millettiae
Conidiophores 0–3-septate, 5–50 × 2.5–7 μm; conidia 0–10-septate, 15–90 × 3–7
μm; on Cassia grandis, Cuba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. cassiae-grandis
Conidiophores up to 90 μm, 4–5-septate, 33–90 × 1.5–4 μm; conidia 2–9-septate,
15–51 × 1.5–4.5 μm; on Cassia fistula, Uttar Pradesh, India . . . . . . . . Z. cassiicola
Conidiophores up to 80 μm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Conidiophores 4.5–62.5 × 2.5–3 μm; conidia 1–15-septate, 20–71 × 2.5–5.5 μm; on
Brownea hybrida, Uttar Pradesh, India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. browneicola
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
14
15
15
16
16
17
17
18
18
19
19
20
20
51
Conidiophores 10–80 × 3–5 μm; conidia 1–4-septate, 15–50 × 3–4 μm; on Periandra
coccinea, Ceará, Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. periandrae
Conidia 100 μm or more long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Conidia up to 75 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Conidia up to 100 μm long; conidiophores 40–150 × 2–4.5 μm; on Cassia-fistulae,
Uttar Pradesh, India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. cassia-fistulae
Conidia over 100 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Conidia pluriseptate, 40–130 × 3–5 μm; conidiophores 15–150 × 3.5–5 μm; on
Tephrosia hispidatae, Alabama, USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. tephrosiae
Conidia, 48–105 × 2–3 μm; conidiophores 3–11-septate, 45–290 × 3–4 μm; on
Dalbergia cultrata, Laos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. dalbergiae
Conidiophores over 200 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Conidiophores up to 140 μm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Conidiophores 75–210 × 1.5–5 μm; conidia 0–3-septate, 13.5–40 × 1.5–5 μm; on
Vigna unguiculata, Chitwan, Nepal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. fabaceicola
Conidiophores 30–300 × 3–4.5 μm; conidia 1–5-septate, 10–50 × 3.0–5.5 μm; on
Canavalia ensiformis, Los Banos, Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. canavaliae
Conidiophores 80–140 × 4.0–5.0 μm; conidia 22–75 × 3.5–5.0 μm; on Crotalaria
sp., Gorakhpur, India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. crotalariicola
Conidiophores 30–110 × 3–6 μm; conidia 1–5-septate, 20–55 × 4–7 μm; on
Pterocarpus santalinus, Kerala, India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. pterocarpigenum
Finally, following Braun et al. (2010), four cercosporoid Stenella species described
on non-fabaceous hosts from the Brazilian Cerrado are herein transferred to Zasmidium
because they are characterized by having typically cercosporoid conidiogenous loci and
conidial hila, and rather cercosporoid conidia:
Zasmidium erythroxylicolum (Dorn.-Silva & Dianese) Dorn.-Silva, A. Hern.-Gut. &
Dianese, comb. nov. (MycoBank, MB 814807)
Bas.: Stenella erythroxylicola Dorn.-Silva & Dianese, Mycologia 99: 755, 2007.
Zasmidium erythroxyli-campestris (Dorn.-Silva, Pereira-Carv. & Dianese) Dorn.-Silva, A.
Hern.-Gut. & Dianese, comb. nov. (MycoBank, MB 814808)
Bas.: Stenella erythroxyli-campestris Dorn.-Silva, Pereira-Carv. & Dianese, Mycologia 99:
753, 2007.
Zasmidium erythroxyli-suberosi (Dorn.-Silva, Pereira-Carv. & Dianese) Dorn.-Silva, A.
Hern.-Gut. & Dianese, comb. nov. (MycoBank, MB 814809)
Bas.: Stenella erythroxyli-suberosi Dorn.-Silva, Pereira-Carv. & Dianese, Mycologia 99:755,
2007.
52
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
Zamidium ocotei (Dorn.-Silva & Dianese) Dorn.-Silva, A. Hern.-Gut. & Dianese, comb.
nov. (MycoBank, MB 814810)
Bas.: Stenella ocoteae Dorn.-Silva & Dianese, Mycologia 99:759, 2007.
Acknowledgements. The authors thank CNPq for earlier support to the senior author and
for fellowships via PPBIO/Cerrado-CNPq for the second and third authors. To Prof. Mariza
Sanchez the authors show their appreciation for the work in the fungarium.
References
Arzanlou, M., Groenewald, J.Z., Gams, W., Braun, U., Shin, H-D. & Crous, P.W. 2007. Phylogenetic and
morphotaxonomic revision of Ramichloridium and allied genera. – Studies in Mycology 58: 57–93.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3114/sim.2007.58.03
Barreto, R.W. & Evans, H.C. 1995. The mycota of the weed Mikania micrantha in Southern Brazil with
particular reference to fungal pathogens for biological control. – Mycological Research 99: 343–352.
http://dx.doi:10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80911-8
Batista, A.C., Souza, R.G. & Peres, G.E.P. 1960. Alguns Cercospora estudados no IMUR. – Publicações
do Instituto de Micologia da Universidade do Recife 266: 1–36.
Braun, U. 1989. Cercospora-like fungi on Cassia. – International Journal of Mycology and Lichenology
4: 191–204.
Braun, U. 2003. Miscellaneous notes on some cercosporoid hyphomycetes. – Bibliotheca Lichenologica
86: 79–98.
Braun, U. & Freire, F.C.O. 2006. Some cercosporoid hyphomycetes from Brazil – IV. – Criptogamie,
Mycologie 27: 231–248.
Braun, U. & Urtiaga, R. 2013. New species and new records of cercosporoid hyphomycetes from Cuba
and Venezuela (Part 3) – Mycosphere 4: 591–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/4/2/3
Braun, U., Crous, P.W., Schubert, K. & Shin, H-D. 2010. Some reallocations of Stenella species to
Zasmidium. – Schlechtendalia 20: 99–104.
Braun, U., Nakashima, C. & Crous, P.W. 2013. Cercosporoid fungi (Mycosphaerellaceae) 1. Species on
other fungi, Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae. – IMA Fungus 4: 265–345. http://dx.doi.org/10.5598/
imafungus.2013.04.02.12
Braun, U., Crous, P.W. & Nakashima, C. 2014. Cercosporoid fungi. (Mycosphaerellaceae) 2. Species on
monocots (Acoraceae to Xyridaceae, excluding Poaceae). – IMA Fungus 5: 203–390. http://dx.doi.
org/10.5598/imafungus.2014.05.02.04
Bruneau, A., Doyle, J.J., Herendeen, P. et al. 2013. Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st
century: Progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades. – Taxon 62: 217–248. http://
dx.doi.org/10.12705/622.8
Castañeda-Ruiz, R. & Braun, U. 1989. Cercospora and allied genera of Cuba (I). – Cryptogamic Botany
1: 42–55.
Chaudhary, R., Chaturbhuji, G. & Kamal. 1991. New species of Heteroconium, Pseudocercospora and
Stenella from India. – Mycological Research 95: 1070–1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S09537562(09)80548-0
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
53
Chaudhary, R.K., Tripathi, M.S., Singh, P.N. & Chaudhary, S. 2001. Novel taxa of Stenella from forest
flora of Norh-Eastern Uttar Pradesh. – Indian Phytopahology 54: 226–232.
Chupp, J.C. 1954. A monograph of the fungus genus Cercospora. By the Author. Ithaca, New York.
Crous, P.W. & Braun, U. 2003. Mycosphaerella and its anamorphs. 1. Names published in Cercospora and
Passalora. CBS Biodiversity Series 1. Ponsen & Looyen, Wageningen.
Crous, P.W., Alfenas, A.C. & Barreto, R.W. 1997. Cercosporoid fungi from Brazil. 1. – Mycotaxon 64:
405–430.
Crous, P.W., Summerell, B.A., Carnegie, A.J., Wingfield, M.J. & Groenewald, J.Z. 2009a. Novel
species of Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae. – Persoonia 23: 119–146. http://dx.doi.
org/10.3767/003158509X479531
Crous, P.W., Summerell, B.A., Carnegie, A.J., Wingfield, M.J., Hunter, G.C., Burgess, T.I., Andijc, V.,
Barber, P.A. & Groenewald, J.Z. 2009b. Unravelling Mycosphaerella: do you believe in genera? –
Persoonia 23: 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158509X479487
Crous, P.W., Schumacher, R.K., Wingfield, M.J., Lombardi, L., Giraldo, A., Christensen, M., Gardiennet,
A., Nakashima, C., Pereira, O.L., Smith, A.J. & Groenewald, J.Z. 2015. Fungal systematics and
evolution: Fuse 1. – Sydowia 67: 81–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158509X479487
David, J.C. 1991. Parastenella, a new generic name for Heterosporium magnolia. – Mycological Research
95: 123–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)81369-5
Deighton, F.C. 1971. Brown leaf mould of Canavalia caused by Stenella canavaliae (H. & P. Syd.) comb.
nov. – Transactions of the British Mycological Society 56: 411–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/
S0007-1536(71)80133-X
Deighton, F.C. 1976. Studies on Cercospora and allied genera, VI. Pseudocercospora Speg., Pantospora
Cif. and Cercoseptoria Petr. – Mycological Papers 140: 1–168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S00071536(71)80133-X
Dianese, A.C., Costa, A.M. & Dianese, J.C. 2008. A new Pseudocercospora species on Passiflora setácea. –
Mycotaxon 105: 1–5.
Dianese, J.C. & Câmara, M.P.S. 1994. Pseudocercospora aspidospermatis, a new combination for
Bactrodesmiella aspidospermatis. – Sydowia 46: 225–232.
Dornelo-Silva, D. & Dianese, J.C. 2003. Hyphomycetes on Vochysiaceae from the Brazilian Cerrado. –
Mycologia 95: 1239–1251. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3761924
Dornelo-Silva, D., Pereira-Carvalho, R.C. & Dianese, J.C. 2007. New Stenella and Parastenella species from
the Brazilian Cerrado. – Mycologia 99: 753–764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3852/mycologia.99.5.753
Ellis, M.B. 1971. Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey.
Ellis, M.B. 1976. More Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey.
Fisher, F.E. 1961. Greasy spot and tar spot of citrus in Florida. – Phytopathology 51: 297–303.
Furlanetto, C. & Dianese, J.C. 1999. Some Pseudocercospora species and a new Prathigada species
from the Brazilian cerrado. – Mycological Research 103: 1203–1209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/
S0953756299008394
Haldar, D., Ray, J.B. & Das, A.K. 2003. Two new Stenella species from India. – Journal of Mycopathological
Research 41: 63–66.
Heald, F.D. & Wolf, F.A. 1911. New species of Texas fungi. – Mycologia 3: 5–22. http://dx.doi.
org/10.2307/3753651
54
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. & Dianese, J.C. 2008. New cercosporoid fungi from the Brazilian Cerrado. 1.
Species on hosts of the families Anacardiaceae, Araliaceae, Bombacaceae, Burseraceae and Celastraceae. –
Mycotaxon 106: 41–63.
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. & Dianese, J.C. 2009. New cercosporoid fungi from the Brazilian Cerrado 2.
Species on hosts of the subfamilies Caesalpinoideae, Faboideae, and Mimosoideae (Leguminosae s.
lat.). – Mycotaxon 107: 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/107.1
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. & Dianese, J.C. 2014a. Cercosporoid hyphomycetes on malpighiaceous hosts from
the Brazilian Cerrado: New Passalora and Pseudocercospora species on hosts of the genus Banisteriopsis. –
Mycological Progress 13: 365–371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11557-013-0922-6
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. & Dianese, J.C. 2014b. New Passalora species on Peixotoa (Malpighiaceae) from the
Brazilian Cerrado. – Mycological Progress 13: 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11557-013-0894-6
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A., Braun, U. & Dianese, J.C. 2014. Cercosporoid hyphomycetes on malpighiaceous
hosts from the Brazilian Cerrado: Species of Pseudocercospora on hosts belonging to Byrsonima. –
Mycological Progress 13: 193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11557-014-0971-5
Hsieh, W-H. & Goh, T.-K. 1990. Cercospora and similar fungi from Taiwan. Maw Chang Book Co., Taipei.
Huang, F., Groenewald, J.Z., Zhu, L., Crous, P.W. & Li, H. 2015. Cercosporoid diseases of Citrus. –
Mycologia: preliminary version published on October 2, 2015, as doi:10.3852/15-059.
Inácio, C.A. & Dianese, J.C. 1998. Foliicolous fungi on Tabebuia species. – Mycological Research 102:
695–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0953756297005856
Inácio, C.A. & Dianese, J.C. 1999. A new Mycovellosiella species on Myracrodruon urundeuva. – Mycotaxon
72: 251–254.
Inácio, C.A. & Dianese, J.C. 2006. Foliicolous fungi on Tabebuia species from the cerrado. – Mycological
Progress 5: 120–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11557-006-0507-8
Inácio, C.A., Furlanetto, C., Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. & Dianese, J.C. 1996. Some Cercospora species
originally described by Ahmés Pinto Viégas. – Fitopatologia Brasileira 21: 405–409.
Jobson, R.W. & Luclow, M. 2007. Phylogenetic studies of the genus Piptadenia (Mimosoideae: Leguminosae)
using plastid trnL-F and trnK/matK sequence data. – Systematic Botany 32: 569–575. http://dx.doi.
org/10.1600/036364407782250544
Kharwar, R.N., Singh, A., Singh, R. & Kumar, S. 2015. Two new species of Zasmidium from Nepal. –
Mycotaxon 130: 241–246. http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/130.241
Kumar, A., Kumar, A. & Kharwar, R.N. 2006. Two new phytoparasitic hyphomycetes from Varanasi,
India. – Indian Phytopathology 59: 85–90.
Medeiros, R.B. & Dianese, J.C. 1994. Passalora eitenii sp. nov. on Syagrus comosa (Mart.) Mart. in Central
Brazil, and a key for identification of Passalora species. – Mycotaxon 51: 509–513.
Mendonça, R.C., Felfili, J.M., Walter, B.M.T., Silva-Júnior, M.C., Rezende, A.V., Filgueiras, T.S. &
Nogueira, P.E. 2008. Flora vascular do Cerrado. – In: S.M. Sano & S.P. Almeida (eds). Cerrado:
ambiente e flora. Pp. 289–556. EMBRAPA-CPAC, Planaltina.
Minnis, A.M., Kennedy, A.H., Grenier, D.B., Rehner, S.A. & Bischoff, J.F. 2011. Asperisporium and
Pantospora (Mycosphaerellaceae): epitypifications and phylogenetic placement. – Persoonia 27: 1–8.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158511X602071
Misra, S., Srivastava, N. & Srivastava, A.K. 1997. New species of Stenella from India. – Mycological
Research 101: 278–280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0953756296002572
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
55
Misra, S., Srivastava, A.K. & Kamal. 1999. Further additions to Stenella from India and Nepal. – Mycological
Research 103: 268–270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0953756298006108
Phengsintham, P., Chukeatirote, E., McKenzie, E.H.C., Hyde, K.D. & Braun, U. 2013. Monograph of
Cercosporoid fungi from Laos. – Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology 3: 34–158.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5943/cream/3/1/2.
Ram, M.R. & Mallaiah, K.V. 1992. Pseudocercospora sieberiana sp. nov. from India. – Mycotaxon 45:
405–408.
Sharma, N., Soni, K.K. & Verma, R.K. 2006. Some new hyphomycetes from forests of Satpura. – Indian
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity 14: 34–40.
Singh, S.Y.K. & Bhalla, K. 2000. New Pseudocercospora species causing foliar diseases in plain forests of
Vindhya region in India. – Indian Phytopathology 53: 399–403.
Singh, S.Y.K. & Bhalla, K. 2001. Four new foiiicolous hyphomycetes from Vindhya Hills, India. – Journal
of Mycology and Plant Pathology 31: 277–286.
Srivastava, K., Srivastava, A.K. & Kamal. 1994. New species of Stenella from India. – Mycological Research
98: 516–520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80470-X
Viégas, A.P. 1945. Alguns fungos do Brasil: Cercosporae. – Boletim Sociedade Brasileira de Agronomia 8:
1–160.
Yen, J.M. 1981. Étude sur les champignons parasites de Sud-Est asiatique, 41. Les Cercospora de Formosae. –
Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France 97: 91–96.
Yen, J.M. & Lim, G. 1980. Cercospora and allied genera of Singapore and the Malay Peninsula. – The
Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 33: 151–263.
56
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
Fig. 1. Asperisporium chapadensis on Galactia peduncularis. Lesions on a leaf (top right)
(scale = 10 mm); erumpent-subcuticular stroma with a fascicle of primary conidiophores
(scale = 10 μm); detailed view of a conidiophore bearing conidiogenous cells with protuberant thickened loci (right) (scale 5 μm); representative sample of the conidia. (scale = 10
μm). Based on the holotype UB – Mycol. Col. 11332.
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
57
Fig. 2. Pseudocercospora acosmii-subelegantis on Acosmium subelegans. Lesions on a leaf (top
right) (scale = 10 mm); stomatal condiophore fascicle originated from internal hyphae
(scale = 10 μm); a representative sample of conidia with thickened walls and septa (scale =
10 μm); at the right side of the conidiophore fascicle, a detailed view of two conidiogenous
cells showing aplanate conidiogenous loci (scale = 5 μm). Based on the holotype UB – Mycol. Col. 7397.
58
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
Fig. 3. Pseudocercospora aquae-emendadasensis on Chamaecrista orbiculata. Lesions on a leaf
(top right) (scale = 10 mm); stomatal condiophore fascicle originated from internal hyphae
(scale = 10 μm); a representative sample of conidia with thickened walls and septa (scale =
10 μm); at the right side of the conidiophore fascicle, a detailed view of a conidiogenous
cell showing aplanate conidiogenous loci (scale = 5 μm). Based on the holotype UB – Mycol. Col. 13421.
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
59
Fig. 4. Pseudocercospora sennae on Senna rugosa. Lesions on a leaf (top right) (scale = 10
mm); erumpent-subepidermal wide stroma bearing thightly packed conidiophores (scale =
10 μm); a representative sample of polymorphic conidia (scale = 10 μm); at the bottm right,
detailed view of a conidiogenous cell (scale = 5 μm). Based on the holotype UB – Mycol.
Col. 1132.
60
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
Fig. 5. Pseudocercospora sennae-rugosae on Senna rugosa. Lesions on a leaf (top right) (scale
= 10 mm); erumpent subepidermal stroma bearing a compact fascicle of highly septate conidiophores (scale = 10 μm); a representative sample of conidia (scale = 10 μm); a pluriseptate conidiophore with an apical conidiogenous cell (bottom right) (scale = 5 μm). Based
on the holotype UB – Mycol. Col. 3033.
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
61
Fig. 6. Pseudocercospora stryphnodendri on Stryphnodendron adstringens. Lesions on a leaf
(top right) (scale = 10 mm); stomatal poorly developed stroma with a lax fascicle of short
1-septate conidiophores (scale = 10 μm); a representative sample of conidia (scale = 10 μm);
a detailed view of two conidiophores, one reduced to a poliblastic conidiogenous cell (scale
= 5 μm). Based on the holotype UB – Mycol. Col. 894.
62
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
Fig. 7. Pseudocercospora subcuticularis on Senna rugosa. Lesions on a leaf (top right) (scale =
10 mm); erumpent-subepidermal stroma with a compact fascicle of conidiophores (scale =
10 μm); a representative sample of conidia (scale = 10 μm); a detailed view of three conidiogenous cells (bottom right) (scale = 5 μm). Based on the holotype UB – Mycol. Col. 4092.
MycoBIOTA 5 (2015)
63
Fig. 8. Sirosporium sclerolobii on Sclerolobium paniculatum. Lesions on a leaf (scale = 10
mm); erumpent-subepidermal stroma with a conidiophore fascicle, also giving rise to fertile
external hyphae (scale = 10 μm); a representative sample of polymorphic conidia (scale = 10
μm); a detailed view of two polyblastic conidiogenous cells bearing dark thickened conidiogenous loci (scale = 5 μm). Based on the holotype UB – Mycol. Col. 4933.
64
Hernández-Gutiérrez, A. et al. — Additions to the cercosporoid fungi of the Cerrado
Fig. 9. Zasmidium sclerolobii on Sclerolobium paniculatum. Lesions on a leaf (top right)
(scale = 10 mm); erumpent-subepidermal stroma with a conidiophore fascicle (scale = 10
μm); a representative sample of conidia and fertile external hyphae (scale = 10 μm); a detailed view of three conidiogenous cells (scale = 5 μm). Based on the holotype UB – Mycol.
Col. 6838.