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Heterocyphelium leucampyx (Arthoniales, Ascomycota): another orphaned mazaediate lichen finds its way home

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 July 2017

Dries VAN DEN BROECK ,
Robert LÜCKING ,
Ester GAYA ,
José Luis CHAVES ,
Julius B. LEJJU  and
Damien ERTZ
Dries VAN DEN BROECK
Affiliation:
Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium; and University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium. Email: dries.vandenbroeck@plantentuinmeise.be
Robert LÜCKING
Affiliation:
Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 6-8, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Ester GAYA
Affiliation:
Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, TW9 3DS, UK
José Luis CHAVES
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Hongos, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio), Apdo. 22-3100, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica
Julius B. LEJJU
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
Damien ERTZ
Affiliation:
Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium; and Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Direction Générale de l’Enseignement non obligatoire et de la Recherche Scientifique, Rue A. Lavallée 1, 1080 Bruxelles, Belgium
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Abstract

Heterocyphelium is a mazaediate genus containing a single species, H. leucampyx. The species was originally described from Cuba within the genus Trachylia (Arthoniales, Arthoniaceae) and later placed in various genera of the collective order Caliciales s. lat. For the past three decades, Heterocyphelium was considered an orphaned genus (incertae sedis) within the Ascomycota, since morphology alone could not resolve its systematic position. In this study, we added molecular data with the aim of resolving this uncertainty. Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of newly generated sequence data from the mitochondrial ribosomal RNA small subunit (mtSSU) and the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit gene (RPB2) provide clear evidence that Heterocyphelium leucampyx is nested within the order Arthoniales, in the family Lecanographaceae, sister to the genus Alyxoria. Heterocyphelium is a further example of parallel evolution of passive spore dispersal, prototunicate asci and the occurrence of a mazaedium in the Ascomycota, and another calicioid genus whose systematic placement could be eventually clarified by means of molecular data. Heterocyphelium is the fourth mazaediate genus in Arthoniales, in addition to Sporostigma, Tylophorella and Tylophoron.

Keywords

AlyxoriaCalicialesLecanographaceaemtSSUphylogenyRPB2
Type
Articles
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 49 , Issue 4 , July 2017 , pp. 333 - 345
Copyright
© British Lichen Society, 2017 

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