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Spegazzini's drawing of Periconia spegazzinii. Note the conidiophore ending in a spherical head, the conidiogenous cells arising in terminal branches and the spherical, pale and aseptate conidia. Fig. 3. Conidiophore, basal stromata and verruculose conidia of Periconia spegazzinii. Figs 4-5. Spegazzini's drawing of Periconia bromeliicola. Note the conidiophore, the conidiogenous cells and the elliptic-globose conidia.
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Some groups or genera described by Spegazzini have never been re-examined. In this paper the type material of Sporocybe and Periconia species described by Spegazzini are studied. The genus Periconia is represented in Argentina by seven species: P. bromeliicola, P. byssoides, P. circinata, P. lateralis, P. minutissima, P. spegazzinii and P. tirupati...
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Citations
... Periconia is filamentous fungi belonging to the Periconiaceae Family (Ascomycetes), and according to Index Fungorum [1], there are 202 epithets with 12 varieties. However, only 40 species of the Periconia genus are currently recognized [2][3][4]. This genus has spread as endophytes and saprobes in plants with multiple habitats and has been shown to be plant pathogens. ...
Periconia is filamentous fungi belonging to the Periconiaceae family, and over the last 50 years, the genus has shown interest in natural product exploration for pharmacological purposes. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the different species of Periconia containing natural products such as terpenoids, polyketides, cytochalasan, macrosphelides, cyclopentenes, aromatic compounds, and carbohydrates carbasugar derivates. The isolated compound of this kind, which was reported in 1969, consisted of polyketide derivatives and their structures and was determined by chemical reaction and spectroscopic methods. After some years, 77 compounds isolated from endophytic fungus Periconia were associated with eight plant species, 28 compounds from sea hare Aplysia kurodai, and ten from endolichenic fungi Parmelia sp. The potent pharmacological agents from this genus are periconicin A, which acts as an antimicrobial, pericochlorosin B as an anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), peribysin D, and pericosine A as cytotoxic agents, and periconianone A as an anti-inflammatory agent. Furthermore, information about taxol and piperine from Periconia producing species was also provided. Therefore, this study supports discovering new drugs produced by the Periconia species and compares them for future drug development.
... causing Milo (sorghum) disease (Leukel 1948). Periconia species have a cosmopolitan distribution as saprobes and endophytes colonizing herbaceous plants in various habitats (Mason & Ellis 1953, Subramanian 1955, Ellis 1971, 1976, Rao & Rao 1964, Matsushima 1971, 1975, 1980, 1996, Minter et al. 2001, Carmarán & Novas 2003, Cantrell et al. 2007, Markovskaja & Kačergius 2014. Recently, some species of Periconia were shown to produce valuable bioactive compounds (Li et al. 1998, Yamada et al. 2001, Kim et al. 2004, Harnpicharnchai et al. 2009, Zhang et al. 2015. ...
... This genus is a polyphyletic hyphomycetous asexual morph with no comprehensive taxonomic treatment. There are more than 180 epithets for Periconia in Index Fungorum (2017), but only about 40 species are currently recognized (Carmarán & Novas 2003, Markovskaja & Kačergius 2014. ...
... There are more than 180 species epithets in Index Fungorum (2017), but only about 40 species are currently recognized to the genus Periconia (Carmarán & Novas 2003, Markovskaja & Kačergius 2014. Insufficient sequence data are available at present and therefore a comprehensive revision on the whole genus is necessary. ...
Periconia thailandica is a new hyphomycetous species found on bamboo culms collected in Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand. We herein introduce P. thailandica based on morphological characters and molecular analysis. Phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU and SSU sequence data place the new species in Periconia (Pleosporales) where it forms a distinct clade in the genus. The new species is characterized by brown, 4−7-septate conidiophores with terminal, polyblastic, acropetally proliferating, globose conidiogenous cells, and light to dark brown, globose, verrucose conidia. The morphological comparisons between P. thailandica and other known Periconia species are discussed. The new species is introduced to accommodate this taxon with a detailed description and morphological illustrations.
... Presently only about 40 species belong to this genus. The type species is Periconia lichenoides (Carmarán and Novas 2003;Kirk et al. 2008) and this and some other species, cluster in the order Pleosporales family incertae sedis. ...
Sordariomycetesis one of the largest classes of Ascomycota
and is characterised by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate
unitunicate asci. The class includes many important plant
pathogens, as well as endophytes, saprobes, epiphytes, and
fungicolous, lichenized or lichenicolous taxa. The class includes freshwater, marine and terrestrial taxa and has a
worldwide distribution. This paper provides an updated outline of theSordariomycetesand a backbone tree incorporating
asexual and sexual genera in the class. Based on phylogeny
and morphology we introduced three subclasses;
Diaporthomycetidae, Lulworthiomycetidaeand
Meliolomycetidaeand five orders;Amplistromatales,
Annulatascales, Falcocladiales, Jobellisiales and Togniniales. The outline is based on literature to the end of
2014 and the backbone tree published in this paper. Notes for
397 taxa with information, such as new family and genera
novelties, novel molecular data published since the Outline
of Ascomycota 2009, and new links between sexual and asexual genera and thus synonymies, are provided. The Sordariomycetes now comprises six subclasses, 28 orders,
90 families and 1344 genera. In addition a list of 829 genera
with uncertain placement in Sordariomycetesis also provided.
... Most Periconia species are widely distributed terrestrial saprobes and endophytes colonizing herbaceous and woody plants in various geographical regions and habitats (Ellis 1971(Ellis , 1976Matsushima 1971Matsushima , 1975Matsushima , 1980Matsushima , 1989Matsushima , 1996Rao and Rao 1964;Subramanian 1955;Subrahmanyam 1980;Lunghini 1978;Saikia and Sarbhoy 1982;Muntañola-Cvetković et al. 1997, 1998, 1999Mel'nik 2000;Minter et al. 2001;Carmarán and Novas 2003), but several species of this genus are economically important and well-studied plant pathogenic fungi that cause various diseases of roots and leaves, like Periconia circinata (L. Mangin) Sacc. ...
... 183 published names with more than 20 transferred to other genera, but currently only ca. 40 species are recognized as genuinely belonging to Periconia (Carmarán and Novas 2003;Kirk et al. 2008). ...
Anamorphic ascomycetes of the genus Periconia, occurring on invasive Heracleum sosnowskyi and on other native Apiaceae plants were examined during this study. On the basis of morphological, cultural characteristics and ITS sequences a new species of Periconia closely related to Periconia byssoides, is described and illustrated. The new species Periconia pseudobyssoides, collected on dead stalks of Heracleum sosnowskyi, is characterized by producing brownish verruculose mycelium on malt-extract agar, and differs from P. byssoides and other known Periconia species by producing reddish-brown, macronematous conidiophores with numerous percurrent proliferations, often verruculose at the apex immediately below the conidial head, verrucose ovoid conidiogenous cells arising directly from the swollen apical cell cut off by a septum from the stipe apex, and spherical, reddish-brown, characteristically ornamented verrucose conidia. Detailed description and illustration of morphological characters, cultural characteristics and ITS sequences barcoding are also provided for P. byssoides.
... Periconia species are temperate and tropical in their distribution and occur on rotting vegetation in terrestrial and marine habitats (Carmarán and Novas, 2003). They are also plant pathogens and endophytes (Romero et al., 2001). ...
In the last decades, the increasing reporting of non-specific symptoms experienced by the occupants of a building with poor indoor air quality, such as headache, nausea and irritation of skin, eyes and airways, has brought about the neologism Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). The causative agents of SBS are not identified but indoor dampness is consistently associated with a wide range of respiratory health effects, for which microorganisms are recognized as the main causal factors.
In the first part of this research, 11 damp and moldy buildings were simultaneously sampled for the presence of mycotoxins and fungi to reveal their occurrence in indoor environments and for (microbial) volatile compounds ((M)VOCs) to evaluate their use as indicators of mold growth. Several techniques for (M)VOC sampling and air, surface and dust fungal samplings were applied. The presence of one or more mycotoxins was shown in 56 % of the analyzed samples, and some of these mycotoxins, relevant from a human health prospective, were significantly associated with respirable particles. In general, the presence of mycotoxins matched well with the isolated fungal species or strains in the same samples, showing that fungal isolations were well-performed. Concerning (M)VOC samplings, the finding of eight VOCs (out of 133) typically derived by fungal metabolism was achieved in two of the building samplings effectuated, including geranyl acetone, α-copaene and trans-calamenene. These three volatile compounds were successively shown to be characteristic for Aspergillus ustus strains, which were recovered from the same house. Another aim of this study was to highlight species- or genus-specific MVOCs or MVOC patterns suitable to be used in chemotaxonomy (attempt to classify and identify organisms according to their biochemical composition). Therefore, 255 fungal strains isolated from the 11 sampled buildings were analyzed for MVOC production after growth on a common artificial substrate (Malt Extract Agar, MEA) by means of SPME-GC-MS. In several cases, the value of MVOCs in chemotaxonomy could be demonstrated and the conclusions were supported by statistical analysis of the data. As a last task of this extensive study, five of the isolated fungi were selected for a detailed further study in which the MVOC production was investigated under several growth conditions, namely four temperatures, four relative humidity values, three substrates (MEA, wallpaper and plasterboard) and four inoculum concentrations. In parallel, the influence of these same conditions on the radial growth on MEA was tested to relate the metabolite production to the biomass present. In general, fungal growth and MVOC production were more pronounced on MEA (as expected) while growth on the two building materials tested entailed the production of some characteristic compounds. The influence of temperature and relative humidity on growth and metabolism is different for different fungal species. Two main patterns of behavior were observed. Moreover, 6-pentyl-2-pyrone, the main MVOC produced by a Trichoderma atroviride strain, was tested for irritation of mucus membranes. The amounts of 6-pentyl-2-pyrone classified in the Slug Mucosal Irritation assay as irritating and damaging the mucosal membrane corresponded to a possible indoor contamination. Also, a collected extract of volatiles of Penicillium decumbens was tested for antifungal activity by means of three antifungal tests. The volatile metabolites (containing mainly (+)-thujopsene) inhibited the growth of five out of 16 fungi.
... Clave de especies en Domsch y cols. [7]; Carmarán y Novas [4] presentan una clave para las especies argentinas. Colonias en MEA, 25 °C, 13 días, 23 mm diámetro; zona fértil blanquecina a grisácea, generalmente muy abundante (aunque escasa en algunos aislamientos), reverso anaranjado. ...
The main objective of this study was to identify some micro fungi isolated from soil of Potter peninsula (Antarctica), which were involved in food spoiling at Jubany base. Different solid culture media were used to isolate 66 fungal strains from spoiled food and soil. Twelve saprophytic, spoiling and/or toxicogenic taxa belonging to the genera Doratomyces, Geomyces, Oidiodendron y Penicillium were identified; eight of them with full descriptions and drawings. This is the first record of Geomyces pannorum var. vinaceus and Oidiodendron griseum recovered from the Argentine Antarctica.
... Clave de especies en Domsch y cols. [7]; Carmarán y Novas [4] presentan una clave para las especies argentinas. Colonias en MEA, 25 °C, 13 días, 23 mm diámetro; zona fértil blanquecina a grisácea, generalmente muy abundante (aunque escasa en algunos aislamientos), reverso anaranjado. ...
As a result of an ongoing research survey of microfungi in Yunnan, China, several saprobic ascomycetes were collected from various host substrates. Preliminary morphological analyses identified a few of these taxa as Periconia species. We obtained DNA sequence data of the Periconia species from pure cultures and investigated their phylogenetic affinities. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined LSU, ITS, SSU and tef1-α sequence dataset demonstrated that five isolates of Periconia formed well-resolved subclades within Periconiaceae. Accordingly, three new Periconia species are introduced viz. P. artemisiae, P. chimonanthi and P. thysanolaenae, and new host and geographical records of P. byssoides and P. pseudobyssoides, are also reported from dead branches of Prunus armeniaca and Scrophularia ningpoensis. Periconia celtidis formed a monophyletic clade with P. byssoides in the present phylogenetic analyses. Results of the pairwise homoplasy index (PHI) test indicated significant recombination between P. byssoides and P. celtidis. Therefore, P. celtidis has been synonymized under P. byssoides. In addition, we re-illustrated and studied the type specimen of the sexual genus Bambusistroma. As a type species of Bambusistroma, B. didymosporum features similar morphology to the sexual morph of Periconia homothallica and P. pseudodigitata. We therefore synonymize Bambusistroma under Periconia based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence. Furthermore, our new isolates produced brown conidia of asexual morph in agar media typical of the genus Noosia. Based on morphological comparison with Periconia in vitro and phylogenetic status of Noosia, we also treat Noosia as a synonym of Periconia. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of three novel taxa and two new records of Periconia byssoides and P. pseudobyssoides as well as the illustration of P. didymosporum comb. nov. are provided. An updated phylogenetic tree of Periconiaceae using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses is constructed. Generic circumscription of Periconia is amended.
The current list of Chinese quarantine pests includes 130 fungal species. However, recent changes in the taxonomy of fungi following the one fungus = one name initiative and the implementation of DNA phylogeny in taxonomic revisions, resulted in many changes of these species names, necessitating an update of the current list. In addition, many quarantine fungi lack modern morphological descriptions and authentic DNA sequences, posing significant challenges for the development of diagnostic protocols. The aim of the present study was to review the taxonomy and names of the 33 Chinese quarantine fungi in Dothideomycetes , and provide reliable DNA barcodes to facilitate rapid identification. Of these, 23 names were updated according to the single name nomenclature system, including one new combination, namely Cophinforma tumefaciens comb. nov. (syn. Sphaeropsis tumefaciens ). On the basis of phylogenetic analyses and morphological comparisons, a new genus Xenosphaeropsis is introduced to accommodate the monotypic species Xenosphaeropsis pyriputrescens comb. nov. (syn. Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens ), the causal agent of a post-harvest disease of pears. Furthermore, four lectotypes ( Ascochyta petroselini , Mycosphaerella ligulicola , Physalospora laricina , Sphaeria lingam ), three epitypes ( Ascochyta petroselini , Phoma lycopersici , Sphaeria lingam ), and two neotypes ( Ascochyta pinodella , Deuterophoma tracheiphila ) are designated to stabilise the use of these names. A further four reference strains are introduced for Cophinforma tumefaciens , Helminthosporium solani , Mycocentrospora acerina , and Septoria linicola . In addition, to assist future studies on these important pathogens, we sequenced and assembled whole genomes for 17 species, including Alternaria triticina , Boeremia foveata , B. lycopersici , Cladosporium cucumerinum , Didymella glomerata , Didymella pinodella , Diplodia mutila , Helminthosporium solani , Mycocentrospora acerina , Neofusicoccum laricinum , Parastagonospora pseudonodorum , Plenodomus libanotidis , Plenodomus lingam , Plenodomus tracheiphilus , Septoria petroselini , Stagonosporopsis chrysanthemi , and Xenosphaeropsis pyriputrescens .
