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Basilicum polystachyon(L.) Moench is a rare medicinally important plant in northern and eastern part of India and distributed sporadically in few states. The species is very uncommon in West Bengal and since 1902, it has been collected about 10 times from few places. Recently,the taxon is recorded from Baghajatin area of 24 Parganas (S). Since Hook...
Citations
... Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench is an important medicinal plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae (Shu 1994). It is an annual herbaceous plant found in a few districts of West Bengal, India, generally 30-100 cm in height (Singh et al. 2018). In vitro micropropagation is an important aspect of plant biotechnology (Mallón et al. 2010;Fay 1992). ...
Key messageThis is the successful report of adventitious rhizogenesis from leaf segment of in vitro grown Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench in MS medium supplemented with NAA and BAP. The presence of phenolic acids, viz., rosmarinic acid and p-coumaric acid in adventitious root extracts of rhizogenic callus is also a significant observation.AbstractRhizogenic callus was induced directly from the leaf segment explants of in vitro grown Basilicum polystachyon (L) Moench. Light green and compact callus with adventitious roots was induced on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg L−1 NAA and 1 mg L−1 BAP. MS medium with addition of 1.0 mg L−1 2,4-D and 1.0 mg L−1 BAP induced white and compact callus. Maximum callus induction efficiency (98%) was obtained in MS medium supplemented with NAA and BAP. The highest numbers of adventitious roots (24 ± 0.35) per callus were regenerated on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg L−1 of NAA and 1 mg L−1 of BAP. The adventitious root origination was studied with stereo-microscope and field emission scanning electron microscope. The induced rhizogenic callus was also a good source of phenolic acids. The presence of phenolic acids such as rosmarinic acid (10 µg/ml) and p-coumaric acid (14 µg/ml) in adventitious roots was determined by RP-HPLC analysis.
... Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench is a rare medicinally important plant in India [7]. The present study focuses on the isolation and identification of bacterium from in vitro grown-contaminated B. polystachyon during plant tissue culture using 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) sequence analysis. ...
In the present study, a plant growth-promoting bacterium isolated from contaminated in vitro-grown Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench, an herbaceous plant, was studied and identified as Acinetobacter strain SuKIC24 based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The results revealed that the identified strain exhibited a strong ability to solubilize the phosphate with phosphate solubilization index of 4.0 and produced 387 µg/ml of soluble phosphate in Pikovskaya media after 7 days of incubation, whereas zinc solubilization efficacy was determined to be 175%. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis revealed that the bacterium strain produced 77.36 µg/ml of indole-3-acetic acid. Plant inoculated with the bacterium strain was found to demonstrate a significant increase in height of B. polystachyon as compared to the control plant. The present findings indicated that the identified bacterium strain might act as plant growth-promoting bacterium (PGPB).
... The species is dispersed in the tropical regions of Asia, Africa and Australia. It is found in a few districts like Jalpaiguri, Murshidabad, Birbhum, Howrah, Hooghly of West Bengal, India (Singh et al. 2018). The leaf extract of B. polystachyon has significant antibiotic activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria (Touani et al. 2014). ...
An efficient plant regeneration protocol was developed for Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench using shoot tip from in vitro germinated plant. Both shoot multiplication and root induction were initiated from shoot tip explants in Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) basal medium supplemented with N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 6-furfurylaminopurine (Kin) combination with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and without any plant growth regulator. Among the different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators, the highest number of shoots per explants was induced on 13.32 μM BAP with 0.53 μM NAA. It was also found that the multiplication of shoots along with roots induced in MS medium without any plant growth regulators. The in vitro grown plants were successfully hardened and acclimatized in the field with a 99% survival rate. The results obtained from HPLC analysis established the presence of a significant amount of endogenous auxin, viz. indole-3-acetic acid acid and indole-3-butyric acid in the shoot and root tips of B. polystachyon. This is the first report of a successful multiplication of B. polystachyon in absence of plant growth regulators and the presence of an abundant quantity of endogenous auxin in root and shoot tips using Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) coupled with ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) detector. This is the first report on identification of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid from the shoot and root tips of B. polystachyon (L.) Moench.
The essential oils of three plants were isolated by hydrodistillation and their constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/flame ionization detection (GC/MS-FID) method. 29 compounds representing 99.00% of the total oil of inflorescences of Zingiber pellitum were identified, consisting mainly of α-pinene (5.34%), β-caryophyllene (39.13%) and α-humulene (36.69%). For Basilicum polystachyon, 41 and 37 components were identified in the leaf and flower oils, accounting for 91.32% and 92.44% of the total oils, respectively. Germacrene D (16.33% and 16.32%), germacrene B (14.95% and 16.23%), α-cubebene (13.38% and 19,04%), α-copaene (5.81% and 5.77%), δ-cadinene (4.78% and 4.18%), β-cis-elemene (4.34% and 4.66%), and γ-elemene (4.31% and 4.72%) were the major constituents in both oils. For the leaves of Litsea bavienes, 40 components were identified, representing 91.73% of the total oil contents, in which hepten-3-one (70.46%) was the most abundant compound in this oil. The chemical constituents of essential oils from Z. pellitum (inflorescences), B. polystachyon (leaves and flowers) and L. baviensis (leaves) were being reported for the first time.
Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench, commonly known as musk basil and is a perennial herbaceous plant in the Lamiaceae family. This plant is used in Asia and Africa as an ethnomedicinal herb to treat various diseases and health ailments. The plant has been known due to its pharmacological properties and contains a wide variety of secondary metabolites and essential oils, which play a significant role in different biological activities. Caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and rosmarinic acid are the main biochemical components of the plant. These phenolic acids are considered to be an important human dietary component. The high demand for phenolic acids is mainly acquired using chemically synthesized compounds. The variation in the accumulation of plant secondary metabolites depends on a variety of geographical challenges. In vitro propagation is an alternative technique for producing and improving valuable secondary metabolites beyond relying on wild plants. The present review elucidated the strategies for in vitro propagation, optimization of production of phenolic acids and therapeutic application of Lamiaceae species. This short review summarizes critical information about the different strategies of in vitro propagation and their effect on the production of phenolic acids, which would help in further studying endangered medicinal plants of pharmacological applications.
Assessing species at the regional level for their conservation is a vital first step in identifying and prioritizing species for both ex situ and in situ conservation actions. The complex coastal geomorphology of the Farasan Archipelago gives rise to promontories and bays that fragment the coastal flora. Climate change studies, combined with a case study of anthropogenic land use changes such as urbanization, tourism, and fishing, highlight the threat to the fragmented plant populations. In this study, the regional IUCN categories and criteria have been used to assess the conservation status of twelve targeted taxa of the Farasan Archipelago based on the data collected during field surveys and a literature review. According to our results, six species have been categorized as endangered (EN), four species as vulnerable (VU), and two species as near threatened (NT). Compared to an earlier assessment at the global level, Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata have been re-categorized with a high degree of threat and ten species have been assessed for the first time. An effective action plan for the protection of the coastal zone and inland area biodiversity of the Archipelago is crucial to reduce threats to the islands’ plants.
