Fig 7 - uploaded by Rasoul Zare
Content may be subject to copyright.
Scolecostigmina confluens on Crataegus pseudomelanocarpa. A. Conidiophores, B. Conidia, C. Symptoms on leaf (Bar = 50 µm). Scolecostigmina confluens (Lieneman) U. Braun, New Zealand J. Bot. 37: 325 (1999) Fig. 7
Source publication
Eight collections from different localities in the northern provinces of Iran were obtained during spring-summer 2010–11. Seven species on eight host plants were identified: Cercospora pantoleuca on Plantago lanceolata, Cercosporella primulae on Primula macrocalyx, C. virgaureae on Conyza bonariensis, Passalora bondartsevii on Medicago sp., Pseudoc...
Citations
... Therefore, records of C. kaki on D. kaki from areas outside Asia and North America also need confirmation, e.g., from Australia (Simmonds 1966), and South Africa (Gorter 1977). Pirnia et al. (2012) listed Pseudocercospora kaki on Diospyros kaki and D. lotus from Iran, but without any description and illustration. Guo & Liu (1991) Etymology: Name composed of the epithet of the host plant, kaki, and -icola (from incola = dweller). ...
A worldwide survey of cercosporoid ascomycete species on hosts of the genus Diospyros (persimmon) with key to the species based on characters in vivo is provided. Special emphasis is placed on species of the genus Pseudocercospora, which are in part also phylogenetically analysed, using a multilocus approach. Species of the latter genus proved to be very diverse, with a remarkable degree of cryptic speciation. Seven new species are described (Pseudocercospora diospyri-japonicae, P. diospyriphila, P. ershadii, P. kakiicola, P. kobayashiana, and P. tesselata), and two new names are introduced [P. kakiigena (≡ Cylindrosporium kaki, non Pseudocercospora kaki), and Zasmidium diospyri-hispidae (≡ Passalora diospyri, non Zasmidium diospyri)]. Six taxa are lectotypified (Cercospora atra, C. diospyri, C. diospyri var. ferruginea, C. flexuosa, C. fuliginosa, C. kaki), and Pseudocercospora kaki is epitypified.
... In Iran the causal agent of leaf spot of peanut has been reported as Passalora personata, Cercospora personata or Cercosporidium personatum based on morphological data (Ershad 2009;Pirnia et al. 2012) and no living culture is available. Therefore, our objective was to confirm the accurate identity of the cercosporoid fungus associated with leaf spot of Arachis hypogaea through morphological and molecular characterisation in Iran. ...
Morphological and molecular studies confirmed Nothopassalora personata as the cercosporoid fungus causing leaf spot of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) in Iran. This is the first molecular evidence of N. personata in Iran (Asia), although it was previously reported as Passalora personata, Cercospora personata or Cercosporidium personatum based on morphological examinations. Molecular identification was done using sequence data of LSU, ITS and rpb2 loci of closely related taxa in the Bayesian analysis. Furthermore, parts of the actA, tef1, cmdA and his3 loci were sequenced for the first time for this species.
... Extensive studies of Cercospora and related genera in Iran have generated records of numerous species (Hesami et al. 2012, Pirnia et al. 2012, Bakhshi et al. 2012, 2018. However, C. rautensis has not been detected in Iran before. ...
Cercospora is a well-studied and important genus of plant pathogenic species responsible for leaf spots
on a broad range of plant hosts. The lack of useful morphological traits and the high degree of variaton therein
complicate species identfcatons in Cercospora. Recent studies have revealed mult-gene DNA sequence data
to be highly informatve for species identfcaton in Cercospora. During the present study, Cercospora isolates
obtained from Crownvetch (Securigera varia) in Iran and Romania were subjected to an eight-gene (ITS, tef1,
actA, cmdA, his3, tub2, rpb2 and gapdh) analysis. By applying a polyphasic approach including morphological
characteristcs, host data, and molecular analyses, these isolates were identfed as C. rautensis. To our knowledge,
this is the frst record of C. rautensis from Iran (Asia). In additon, an epitype is designated here for C. rautensis.
... Species of Cercospora are known to be widely distributed, occurring on a broad range of plant hosts in many climate zones of Iran (Bakhshi et al. 2012, Hesami et al. 2012, Pirnia et al. 2012, where the biodiversity of the genus has recently received much attention (Bakhshi et al. 2015a, b). The most inclusive study was that of Bakhshi et al. (2015a), who compared 161 Cercospora isolates, recovered from 74 host species from Iran based on DNA sequence data of five genomic loci (ITS,tef1,actA,cmdA and his3), host, cultural, and morphological data, revealing a rich species diversity. ...
The genus Cercospora includes many important plant pathogens that are commonly associated with leaf spot diseases on a wide range of cultivated and wild plant species. Due to the lack of useful morphological features and high levels of intraspecific variation, host plant association has long been a decisive criterion for species delimitation in Cercospora. Because several taxa have broader host ranges, reliance on host data in Cercospora taxonomy has proven problematic. Recent studies have revealed multi-gene DNA sequence data to be highly informative for species identification in Cercospora, especially when used in a concatenated alignment. In spite of this approach, however, several species complexes remained unresolved as no single gene proved informative enough to act as DNA barcoding locus for the genus. Therefore, the aims of the present study were firstly to improve species delimitation in the genus Cercospora by testing additional genes and primers on a broad set of species, and secondly to find the best DNA barcoding gene(s) for species delimitation. Novel primers were developed for tub2 and rpb2 to supplement previously published primers for these loci. To this end, 145 Cercospora isolates from the Iranian mycobiota together with 25 additional reference isolates preserved in the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute were subjected to an eight-gene (ITS, tef1, actA, cmdA, his3, tub2, rpb2 and gapdh) analysis. Results from this study provided new insights into DNA barcoding in Cercospora, and revealed gapdh to be a promising gene for species delimitation when supplemented with cmdA, tef1 and tub2. The robust eight-gene phylogeny revealed several novel clades within the existing Cercospora species complexes, such as C. apii, C. armoraciae, C. beticola, C. cf. flagellaris and Cercospora sp. G. The C. apii s. lat. isolates are distributed over three clades, namely C. apii s. str., C. plantaginis and C. uwebrauniana sp. nov. The C. armoraciae s. lat. isolates are distributed over two clades, C. armoraciae s. str. and C. bizzozeriana. The C. beticola s. lat. isolates are distributed over two clades, namely C. beticola s. str. and C. gamsiana, which is newly described.
... However, considering that, the morphological characters by which to describe and identify Ramularia and ramularia-like species are rather reduced; reliable identification of these species based on morphological characters alone is difficult (Videira et al. 2015a, b, 2016, Bakhshi & Arzanlou 2017. In recent years, the use of DNA phylogenetic markers, also known as DNA barcoding is becoming an increasingly prevalent tool for taxonomy of the different groups of fungi (Bakhshi et al. 2014, Crous et al. 2009a, Videira et al. 2015a, b, 2016 Hitherto, most of the ramularia-like taxa reported from Iran, have been identified based on morphological characteristics and host range (Ershad 2009, Pirnia et al. 2012, Bicharanlou et al. 2014, Heidari et al. 2015, Behrooz et al. 2015, Heydari et al. 2017, Pirnia & Braun 2018 and DNA data are available for a limited number of these (Videira et al. 2016, Bakhshi & Arzanlou 2017), rendering their identifications unproven in the light of recent molecular revisions of this genus (Videira et al. 2015a(Videira et al. , b, 2016 ...
... The list of ramularia-like fungi was compiled using reports available in the literature (Ershad 2009, Pirnia et al. 2012, Bicharanlou et al. 2014, Heidari et al. 2015, Behrooz et al. 2015 -Taxonomy ...
... Microscopic structures were studied on synthetic nutrient-poor agar (SNA) (Crous et al. 2009b) after incubation at 21 °C for 7-15 days. Slides were prepared using the inclined coverslip method (Nugenta et al. 2006) in clear lactic acid as mounting medium and also transparent adhesive tape (Bensch et al. 2012 (Pirnia et al. 2012). In this investigation, this species was found for the first time on Taraxacum campylodes in Iran based on multi-gene phylogeny and morphological data. ...
The genus Ramularia includes important plant pathogens with worldwide distribution, commonly associated with leaf spot diseases on a broad range of plant hosts. Although these fungi are common in Iran, most of the species found to date have been identified on the basis of morphological characteristics, and DNA data are available for limited number of them. During our investigation of fungi associated with leaf spot diseases in north and northwest of Iran, Ramularia isolates were recovered from leaves with leaf spots on different herbaceous and woody plants in the Asteraceae, Apiaceae, and Vitaceae families. Based on sequence data of five genomic loci (ITS, actA, tef1, rpb2 and gapdh), host, cultural and morphological data; four species including R. cynarae on Cirsium arvense, R. heraclei on Heracleum sp., R. hydrangeae-macrophyllae on Vitis vinifera, and R. inaequalis on Taraxacum campylodes, were identified. Ramularia hydrangeae-macrophyllae represents a new record for the mycobiota of Iran as well as Asia, and V. vinifera is a new host for this species in the world. Moreover, C. arvense and T. campylodes are new hosts for R. cynarae and R. inaequalis in Iran, respectively. Additionally, a comprehensive literature-based checklist for 50 ramularia-like species known to occur on different plant species in Iran was provided. The complete annotated list covers 41 Ramularia species, two Cercosporella, two Neoovularia, two Neoramularia, one Microcyclosporella, one Neopseudocercosporella, and one Ramulariopsis.
... Scattered reports including 23 species were published between 1941 and 2009 in Iran by several mycologists (Ershad 2009). In recent years, increasing attempts to examine cercosporoid and ramularioid fungi (Mycosphaerellaceae) in Iran have been made, which led to more than 50 first records of such ascomycetes for this country (Pirnia et al. 2010, Pirnia et al. 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2012dPirnia 2014;Hessami et al. Hesami et al. 2011, Hesami et al. 2012Khodaparast et al. 2012;Bicharanlou et al. 2013aBicharanlou et al. , 2013bBicharanlou et al. , 2013cBehrooz et al. 2015aBehrooz et al. , 2015bBehrooz et al. 2017aBehrooz et al. , 2017b. ...
... Scattered reports including 23 species were published between 1941 and 2009 in Iran by several mycologists (Ershad 2009). In recent years, increasing attempts to examine cercosporoid and ramularioid fungi (Mycosphaerellaceae) in Iran have been made, which led to more than 50 first records of such ascomycetes for this country (Pirnia et al. 2010, Pirnia et al. 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2012dPirnia 2014;Hessami et al. Hesami et al. 2011, Hesami et al. 2012Khodaparast et al. 2012;Bicharanlou et al. 2013aBicharanlou et al. , 2013bBicharanlou et al. , 2013cBehrooz et al. 2015aBehrooz et al. , 2015bBehrooz et al. 2017aBehrooz et al. , 2017b. ...
Ramularia ranunculicola sp. nov. (Mycosphaerellaceae) is described from Iran on Ranunculus muricatus and compared with other species reported on Ranunculus spp. Ramularia carletonii on Lactuca tuberosa and R. nagornyi on Centaurea solstitialis are newly reported from Iran, and Picris strigosa is a new host for R. picridis (= R. inaequalis s. lat.).
... To date, no molecular studies have been conducted on Ramularia species from Iran, and all presently known species have been identified based solely on morphology (Bakhshi et al. 2012;Pirnia et al. 2012;Bicharanlou et al. 2014;Behrooz et al. 2015Behrooz et al. , 2017, rendering their identifications unreliable and unproven in the light of recent molecular revisions of this genus (Videira et al. 2015a(Videira et al. , b, 2016. Consequently, the aim of this study was to characterize Ramularia species isolated from the infected leaves of several plant species collected in the north and northwest of Iran, based on morphology, cultural characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of the DNA sequence data (ITS, TEF1-α, ACT, HIS, RPB2 and GAPDH). ...
... The ABI Prism BigDye ® Terminator Cycle Sequencing reaction Kit v.3.1 (Applied Biosystems) was used for sequencing the resulting amplified fragments in both directions using the (Nylander 2004) was used to determine the best nucleotide substitution evolutionary model settings for each data partition in order to perform a modeloptimized Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction using MrBayes v.3.2.2 (Ronquist et al. 2012). The heating parameter was set at 0.15 and the Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis of four chains was started in parallel from a random tree topology and lasted until the average standard deviation of split frequencies reached a value of 0.01. ...
... Thus far, 33 species of Ramularia had been reported from Iran (Bakhshi et al. 2012;Pirnia et al. 2012;Bicharanlou et al. 2014;Behrooz et al. 2015Behrooz et al. , 2017. However, all these taxa were identified just based on morphological characteristics and host range, and no cultures or DNA data are available for them, rendering their identifications uncertain. ...
Ramularia is a species-rich genus in the order Capnodiales (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) that includes numerous phytopathogenic taxa, several of which are economically important plant pathogens. In this study, six isolates of Ramularia were recovered from leaf spot symptoms on six herbaceous and woody plants from Guilan, East and West Azarbaijan provinces in the north and northwest of Iran. The isolates were studied by a polyphasic approach involving morphological and cultural data, and multi-gene phylogeny (ITS, TEF1-α, ACT, HIS, RPB2 and GAPDH). The isolates were grouped in three species clades of the R. eucalypti species complex. Of these, R. mali is recorded for the first time in Asia and R. glennii represents a new record for the mycobiota of Iran. Ramularia taleshina on Alnus subcordata is described as a new species. Ramularia taleshina is phylogenetically related to R. mali, but they can be differentiated by morphological and cultural characters as well as molecular data. Acalypha australis, Ficus carica and Platanus sp. are reported as new hosts of R. glennii, and Prunus cerasus and Vitis vinifera as new hosts of R. mali.
... Notes-Characters of specimen examined closely resembles Braun's (1995) description of this species, but slightly differs in having faintly pigmented conidiophores and is previously reported by Pirnia et al. (2012a) from North Khorasan Province (North East of Iran). This is the first report of the species from Golestan Province (North of Iran) and Plantago major is a new host for C. pantoleuca in Iran. ...
... Notes-The species was previously reported from Iran (Ershad 2009;Pirnia et al. 2012a). ...
Fungi associated with leaf spot symptoms of plants in forest areas of Golestan province, Iran, were collected and examined based on morphological characteristics of conidiophores, conidia and conidiogenous loci. Ten taxa were identified. Among the taxa, Passalora cf. bacilligera and Pseudocladosporium hachijoens are new records for the mycobiota of Iran. Cercospora on Eruca sp. was morphologically different from other Cercospora hitherto been reported on Brassicaceae and compared with Cercospora species on this plant family. Cercospora pantoleuca was newly reported from Golestan province (North of Iran). Furthermore, Plantago major and Sambucus nigra were found to be new hosts for Cercospora pantoleuca and Ramularia sambucina in Iran, respectively.
... ( Moaven et al., 2003 ) Pirnia et al., 2010Pirnia et al., , 2012a Hesami et al., 2011; Khodaparast et al., 2012; . Bicharanlou et al., 2013a-c; Pirnia, 2014; . ...
