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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

483.0000 Family Lamiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 355 (1820), nom. cons., nom. alt.
243 genera, ca. 7800 spp.
Species listed in database: 7734; hybrids: 378
= Aegiphilaceae Raf.; Sylva Tellur.: 161 (1838)
= Ajugaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 375 (1843)
= Chloanthaceae Hutch.; Fam. Fl. Pl., ed. 2: 396 (1959)
= Glechomaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 288 (1820)
= Labiatae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 110 (1789), nom. cons.
= Melissaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 245 (1820)
= Melittidaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 390 (1820)
= Menthaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 969, 1095, 1106 (1835)
= Monardaceae Döll; Fl. Baden 2: 661 (1858)
= Nepetaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 245 (1820)
= Salazariaceae F.A.Barkley; Phytologia 32: 304 (1975)
= Salviaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 245 (1820)
= Saturejaceae Döll; Fl. Baden 2: 664. med (1858)
= Scutellariaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 373 (1843)
= Siphonanthaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 87 (1838)
= Stachydaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 366 (1843)
= Symphoremataceae Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 4(3): 13 (1849)
= Viticaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 106 (1789)
483.9702 Genus Ballota L.; Sp. Pl. 582 (1753)
Distribution: Europe, Mediterranean to C-Asia. Some of the listed species might belong in Pseudodictamnus.
Species listed in database: 18
= Beringeria Neck.; Elem. 1: 312 (1790)
species :
Ballota adenophora Hedge; Fl. Kingdom Saudi Arabia 2(2): 329 (2001)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia
35 SAU
species :
Ballota andreuzziana Pamp.; Agric. Colon. 15: 373 (1921)
Distribution: Libya (Cyrenaica)
20 LBY
species :
Ballota antalyensis Tezcan & H.Duman; Güner et al., Türk. Bitkileri List.: 896 (2012)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Ballota antilibanotica Post; Pl. Postianae 2: 20 (1891)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon)
34 LEB
species :
Ballota byblensis Semaan & R.M.Haber; Novon 14(4): 489 (2004)
Distribution: Lebanon
34 LEB
species :
Ballota cristata P.H.Davis; Kew Bull. 1949: 394 (1949)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Ballota deserti (de Noé) Jury, Rejdali & A.J.K.Griffiths; Willdenowia, 28(1-2): 168 (1998)
Distribution: Morocco; S-Algeria (incl. Hoggar); Western Sahara; Tunisia; Libya; Mauritania
20 ALG LBY MOR TUN WSA 22 MTN
Synonyms: hidden
= Maropsis deserti (de Noé) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl.: 121 (1874)
= Marrubium deserti de Noé ex Coss.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 4: 472 (1857), 490
= Sideritis deserti de Noé ex Coss.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 4: 472 (1857)
species :
Ballota glandulosissima Hub.-Mor. & Patzak; Ann. Naturh. Mus. Wien 64: 51 (1960)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
species :
Ballota grisea Pojark.; Kom., Fl. URSS 21: 651 (1954)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Daghestan); Azerbaijan
33 AZE NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Ballota nigra var. grisea (Pojark.) Menitsky; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 77(6): 70 (1992)
species :
Ballota kaiseri Täckh.; Svensk. Bot. Tidskr. 26: 378 (1932)
Distribution: Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai)
34 SIN
species :
Ballota larendana Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 1, 12: 88 (1853)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ballota simonii Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 5: 231 (1976)
species :
Ballota luteola Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 11: 5 (1911 publ. 1912)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia
35 SAU
species :
Ballota macrodonta Boiss. & Balansa; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 4: 54 (1859)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Ballota nigra L.; Sp. Pl. 582 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. nigra
Name: Schwarzer Gottvergess (DE), Black horehound (EN)
Distribution: England; Ireland; Denmark; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; S-European Russia; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; NW-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Kyrgyzstan [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); New Zealand [I]; Pitcairn Isl. [I]; Canada [I] (Ontario [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Connecticut [I], Iowa [I], Illinois [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Nebraska [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Wisconsin [I]); Argentina [I]
10 DEN GRB IRE SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 BAL CIS COR FRA SAR 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA PTL ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR est KRY lat LIT RUS UKR 32 kgz 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 51 nzl 61 pit 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 78 usa 85 arg
Synonyms: hidden
= Ballota ampliata Willd. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 181 (1840)
= Ballota aristata Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 325 (1831)
= Ballota bracteosa Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 629 (1878)
= Ballota foetida Lam.; Fl. Franç. 2: 381 (1779), nom. illeg.
= Ballota foetida var. glabrescens Boiss.; Kotschy, Iter Cilic.: 511 (1859)
= Ballota hirta Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 181 (1840)
= Ballota longicalyx Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 9: 645 (1960)
= Ballota nigra f. glabrescens Scholz ex Vollm.; 628 (1914)
= Ballota nigra f. hirta (Neuman) Vollm.; 628 (1914)
= Ballota nigra f. ortmannii (Asch.) Gams; 2401 (1927)
= Ballota nigra f. rotheri (Asch.) Gams; 2401 (1927)
= Ballota nigra f. urticifolia (Ortmann ex Rchb.) Asch.; 533 (1864)
= Ballota nigra var. decemdentata Schinz; 69 (1930)
= Ballota nigra var. foetida Boiss.; Kotschy, Pl. Alepp. Kurd. Mers.: 354 (1843)
= Ballota nigra var. foetida Lam. ex Hampe; 38 (1836)
= Ballota nigra var. hirta (Neuman) Gams; 2401 (1927)
= Ballota nigra var. longiaristata Wender.; 199 (1846)
= Ballota nigra var. mollissima Druce; Rep. Bot. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 5: 49 (1917)
= Ballota nigra var. ruderalis (Sw.) W.D.J.Koch; 572 (1837)
= Ballota nigra var. submitis Borbás; Term. Közl. 1894: 235 (1894)
= Ballota nigra var. subvillosa Borbás; Balaton Tavának Növényföldr.: 371 (1900)
= Ballota nigra var. urticifolia (Ortmann ex Rchb.) M.Loehr; 534 (1852)
= Ballota nigra var. urticifolia (Ortmann ex Rchb.) Rchb.f.; Rchb., Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 18: 10 (1858)
= Ballota nigra var. urticifolia (Ortmann ex Rchb.) T.Marsson; 365 (1869), nom. illeg.
= Ballota nigra var. urticifolia (Ortmann ex Rchb.) Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss.: 352 (1846)
= Ballota nigra var. vulgaris Döll; 689 (1858)
= Ballota rubra Schrad. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 182 (1840)
= Ballota ruderalis f. aciculata (Beck) Neuman; 169 (1901)
= Ballota ruderalis f. hirta Neuman; 169 (1901)
= Ballota sepium Paulet ex Pers.; Syn. Pl. 2: 125 (1806)
= Ballota sordida Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 83 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Ballota submitis (Borbás) Borbás; Balaton Tavának Növényföldr.: 371 (1900)
= Ballota urticifolia Ortmann; Beitr. Naturgesch. 12: 657 (1828)
= Ballota vulgaris var. albiflora Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig: 513 (1830)
= Marrubium nigrum (L.) Crantz; 272 (1769)
= Marrubium nigrum (L.) Garsault; Fig. Pl. Méd.: t. 365 (1764), opus utique oppr.
= Stachys ballota Kuntze; Taschen-Fl. Leipzig: 112 (1867)
subspecies :
subsp. anatolica P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 21: 61 (1952)
Distribution: European Turkey; Turkey; Iran
13 TUE 34 IRN TUR
subspecies :
subsp. anomala Greuter; Bocconea 25: 108 (2012)
Distribution: Greece (Messinia: Kalamata)
13 GRC
subspecies :
subsp. kurdica P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 21: 62 (1952)
Distribution: Transcaucasus; Turkey; Iran
34 IRN TUR
subspecies :
subsp. meridionalis (Bég.) Bég.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 16: 106 (1909)
Name: Weißer Gottvergess, Stinkende Schwarznessel (DE), White horehound (EN)
Distribution: Sweden [I]; Germany (Brandenburg [I], Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hessen [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Saarland, Sachsen, +Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; W-Estonia [I]; Ukraine; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey [I]; Cyprus [I]; Australia [I] (New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Washington State [I]); Argentina [I]
10 swe 11 GER HUN 12 ADO COR FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA SLV SRB 14 est UKR 33 GEO 34 cyp tur 50 aus 73 usa 75 usa 85 arg
Synonyms: hidden
= Ballota alba L.; Fl. Suec. ed. II. 206. n. 530 (1755)
= Ballota alba var. borealis (Schweigg.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 581 (1881)
= Ballota borealis Schweigg.; Koenigsb. Arch. Naturw. 1: 214 (1812)
= Ballota foetida var. alba (L.) Bellynck; 205 (1855), nom. illeg.
= Ballota foetida var. borealis (Schweigg.) Rchb.; 325 (1832)
= Ballota foetida var. marrubioides Rchb.; 325 (1832), nom. inval.
= Ballota hirta W.D.J.Koch; 572 (1837), nom. inval.
= Ballota nigra f. borealis (Schweigg.) Asch.; 534 (1864)
= Ballota nigra subsp. foetida (Vis.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30: 278 (1929)
= Ballota nigra var. alba (L.) Brügger; Naturgesch. Beitr. Umg. Chur [Fl. Curiensis] 76 (1874)
= Ballota nigra var. alba (L.) Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 208 (1836)
= Ballota nigra var. aurea Thys & Antoine; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 8: 463 (1869)
= Ballota nigra var. borealis Wirtg.; 369 (1857)
= Ballota nigra var. breviaristata Wender.; 199 (1846)
= Ballota nigra var. foetida Vis.; Fl. Dalmat. 2: 215 (1847), nom. illeg.
= Ballota nigra var. meridionalis Bég.in Fiori & al.; Fl. Italia 3: 39 (1903)
= Ballota nigra var. porrigens (Peterm.) Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss.: 352 (1846)
= Ballota nigra var. submutica Wender.; 199 (1846)
= Ballota nigra var. variegata Lecoy.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 18(2): 50 (1879), nom. illeg.
= Ballota nigra var. vulgaris (Hoffmanns. & Link) Wender.; 198 (1846)
= Ballota porrigens Peterm.; Pflanzenreich: 466 (1845)
= Ballota silvestris Hoffmanns. & Link ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 446 (1868)
= Marrubium ballota E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl. Deutschland, ed. 2, 11: 126 (1903)
subspecies :
subsp. sericea (Vandas) Patzak; Ann. Naturh. Mus. (Wien) 62: 70 (1958)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; Greece
13 ALB GRC NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ballota nigra var. sericea Vandas; Rel. Formánek. 471 (1909)
subspecies :
subsp. ruderalis (Sw.) Briq.; Lab. Alp. Mar.: 275 (1893)
Name: Haken-Schwarznessel (DE); Hooked Black Horehound (EN)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Baleares; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey; Cyprus; Lebanon; Syria; Palestine
12 BAL COR POR SAR SPA 13 CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA SIC SRB 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 AZO MDR 34 CYP EAI LEB PAL SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ballota nigra f. uncinata Fiori & Bég.; Fiori & Paol., Fl. Italia 3: 39 (1903)
= Ballota nigra subsp. uncinata (Fiori & Bég.) Patzak; Ann. Naturh. Mus. (Wien) 62: 64 (1958)
= Ballota nigra var. ruderalis (Sw.) Rchb.f.; Rchb., Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 18: 10 (1858)
= Ballota nigra var. vulgaris (Hoffmanns. & Link) Vis.; Fl. Dalmat. 2: 196 (1847)
= Ballota ruderalis Sw.; Palmstruch, Sv. Bot.: t. 389 (1810)
= Ballota tournefortii Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 68: 407 (1922)
= Ballota vulgaris Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. 1: 115 (1809)
subspecies :
subsp. velutina (Posp.) Patzak; Ann. Naturh. Mus. (Wien) 62: 67 (1958)
Distribution: ?NW-Italy; Croatia; Argentina [I]
13 CRO 85 arg
Synonyms: hidden
= Ballota velutina Posp.; Fl. Oesterr. Kust. 2: 599 (1899)
species :
Ballota philistaea Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 284 (1921)
Distribution: Israel (coastal W-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR
species :
Ballota platyloma Rech.f.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 99: 40 (1952)
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ballota foetida var. ampliata Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 51: 426 (1941)
species :
Ballota saxatilis Sieber ex J.Presl & C.Presl; Delic. Prag. 1: 81 (1822), in obs
subspecies :
subsp. saxatilis
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (N-Israel); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir)
34 ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Ballota labillardierei Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 2: 112 (1898)
= Ballota obliqua Benth.; Labiat. Gen. Spec. 1596 (1833)
= Ballota rugosa (Banks & Sol.) Dinsm.; Post, Fl. Syria, ed. 2, 2: 390 (1933), nom. illeg.
= Ballota rugosa Benth.; Labiat. Gen. Spec. 596 (1834)
= Ballota russeliana Benth.; Labiat. Gen. Spec. 597 (1833)
= Beringeria rugosa (Banks & Sol.) Heynh.; Alph. Aufz. Gew.: 66 (1846)
= Marrubium rugosum Banks & Sol.; Russell, Nat. Hist. Aleppo, ed. 2, 2: 255 (1794)
subspecies :
subsp. brachyodonta (Boiss.) Davis & Doroszenko; Fl. Turkey & E. Aegaean Isl. 7: 160 (1982)
Distribution: Turkey; Syria
34 SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ballota saxatilis var. brachyodonta Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 4: 775 (1879)
= Ballota semanica Rech.f. ex Patzak; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wicn 63: 74 (1959), Rech.f. in Arkiv Bot.,Stockh., andra ser. 5: 370 (1960) (semaanica)
species :
Ballota sechmenii Gemici & E.Leblebici; Candollea 50(1): 50 (1995)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life