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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

182.0000 Family Ranunculaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 231 (1789), nom. cons.
52 genera, ca. 3700 spp.
Species listed in database: 3817; hybrids: 89
= Aconitaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 216 (1820)
= Actaeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 1(16-53): 2, 140 (1823)
= Anemonaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 264, 275 (1818)
= Aquilegiaceae Lilja; Skånes Fl., ed. 2: 375, 861, 979 (1870)
= Calthaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 92 (1820)
= Cimicifugaceae Bromhead; Mag. Nat. Hist., n. s. 4: 336, 338 (1840)
= Clematidaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 134 (1820)
= Delphiniaceae Brenner; Florist. Handb.: 52 (1886)
= Glaucidiaceae M.Tamura; Bot. Mag (Tokyo) 85: 40 (1972)
= Helleboraceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 264, 274 (1818)
= Hydrastidaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 318 (1820)
= Nigellaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 76 (1858)
= Thalictraceae Raf.; Anal. Nat.: 176 (1815)
= Xanthorhizaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 1(16-53): 2, 145 (1823)
182.5409 Genus Halerpestes Greene; Pittonia 4: 207 (1900)
Distribution: N- and South America, temp. Eurasia
Species listed in database: 9
species :
Halerpestes cymbalaria (Pursh) Greene; Pittonia 4: 207 (1900)
Name: Alkali buttercup (EN), Botón de oro (ES)
Distribution: Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Hungary [I]; Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Costa Rica; Colombia (Caldas); Ecuador; Peru; Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chubut, Cordoba, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, Santa Cruz, Santa Fe, San Juan, San Luis, Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Aisén, Magallanes)
10 fin nor swe 11 hun 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 COS GUA 82 CLM 83 ECU PER 85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyrtorhyncha cymbalaria (Pursh) Britton; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 161 (1894)
= Cyrtorhyncha cymbalaria subsp. alpina (Hook.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Notis. 128: 512 (1976)
= Halerpestes cymbalaria f. hebecaulis (Fernald) G.Wilh. & Rericha; Michigan Bot. 55(3-4): 95 (2016)
= Halerpestes cymbalaria var. saximontanus (Fernald) Moldenke; Phytologia 2: 134 (1946)
= Halerpestes tridentata (Kunth ex DC.) Greene; Pittonia 4: 208 (1900)
= Oxygraphis cymbalaria (Pursh) Prantl; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 9(3): 263 (1888)
= Oxygraphis tridentata (Kunth ex DC.) Prantl; Bot. Jahrb. 9: 262 (1888)
= Ranunculus cymbalaria f. hebecaulis Fernald; Rhodora 16: 162 (1914)
= Ranunculus cymbalaria f. microphyllus Hauman; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 86: 259 (1918)
= Ranunculus cymbalaria Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 392 (1814)
= Ranunculus cymbalaria subsp. saximontanus (Fernald) Thorne; Aliso 9(2): 193 (1978)
= Ranunculus cymbalaria var. alpinus Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 11 (1829)
= Ranunculus cymbalaria var. americanus DC.; Prodr. 1: 33 (1824)
= Ranunculus cymbalaria var. saximontanus Fernald; Rhodora 16: 162 (1914)
= Ranunculus halophilus Schltdl.; Animadv. Bot. Ranunc. Cand. 1: 23 (1819)
= Ranunculus hemignostus Steud.; Flora 39: 404 (1856)
= Ranunculus maritimus Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 663 (1872)
= Ranunculus microcarpus C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 2: 70 (1835)
= Ranunculus microcarpus var. maritima Phil.
= Ranunculus minutus Gay; Fl. Chil. (Gay) 1: 38 (1845)
= Ranunculus minutus var. microphylla Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 67 (1894)
= Ranunculus nanus Fisch. ex DC.; Prodr. (A. DC.) 1: 33 (1824)
= Ranunculus pozoifolius Gay; Fl. Chil. (Gay) 1: 34 (1845)
= Ranunculus tridentatus Kunth ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 252 (1817)
= Ranunculus tridentatus var. major DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 253 (1817)
= Ranunculus tridentatus var. minor DC.; Syst. Nat. [DC.] 1: 253 (1817)
species :
Halerpestes exilis (Phil.) M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 44(1): 27 (1993)
Distribution: Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Tarija); Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta, San Juan, Tucuman); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo)
83 BOL 85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Ranunculus cymbalaria f. exilis (Phil.) Lourteig; Darwiniana 9: 511 (1951)
= Ranunculus cymbalaria var. exilis (Phil.) R.E.Fr.; Nov. Act. Soc. Sci. Upsal. (ser. 4) 1(1): 145 (1905)
= Ranunculus exilis Phil.; Fl. Atacam. 7. (1860)
= Ranunculus minutiusculus Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 403 (1906)
= Ranunculus minutus var. exilis (Phil.) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 88: 67 (1894)
species :
Halerpestes filisecta L.Liou; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 28: 362-363 (1980)
Distribution: W-Tibet
36 TIB
species :
Halerpestes kawakamii (Makino) M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 16: 110 (1956)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Ranunculus kawakamii Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo): 48 (1904)
species :
Halerpestes lancifolia (Bertol.) Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 136 (1939)
Distribution: W-Tibet; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
36 TIB 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Halerpestes tricuspis var. lancifolius (Bertol.) H.Hara; Fl. E. Him. 3: 39, adnota (1975)
= Ranunculus lancifolius Bertol.; Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna 3(4): 423, t. 6 (1862)
= Ranunculus palifolius Dunn; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925(6): 280 (1925)
= Ranunculus tricuspis var. lancifolius (Bertol.) H.Hara; Fl. E. Himalaya 3: 37-39, f. 9 (1975)
species :
Halerpestes ruthenica (Jacq.) Ovcz.; Fl. URSS 7: 331 (1937)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Amur); China (N-Gansu, N-Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, N-Shaanxi, N-Shanxi, Xinjiang); Mongolia
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Oxygraphis plantaginifolia (Murray) Prantl; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 9(3): 263 (1888)
= Oxygraphis salsuginosus (Georgi) Hyl.; Bot. Not. 1940: 197 (1940)
= Ranunculus plantaginifolius Murray; Nov. Comm. Goett. 8: 39 (1777)
= Ranunculus ruthenicus f. multidentatus S.H.Li & Y.H.Huang; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-Orient. 3: 230 (1975)
= Ranunculus ruthenicus Jacq.; Hort. Bot. Vindob. 3: 19 (1776)
= Ranunculus salsuginosus Georgi; Bemerk. Reise Russ. Reich 1: 222 (1775)
species :
Halerpestes sarmentosus (Adams) Kom.; Komarov & Klob.-Alis. Key Pl. Far East. USSR 1: 550 (1931)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Ghorat, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kabul, Logar, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); China (Gansu, N-Hebei, W-Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, N-Shaanxi, Shanxi, NW-Sichuan, Xinjiang); Tibet; Mongolia; Pakistan (Chitral, Kurram, Gilgit, Baltistan, Skardu); India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Bolivia [I]; Argentina [I]
30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 IND PAK 83 bol 85 arg
Synonyms: hidden
= Halerpestes salsuginosa (Pall. ex Georgi) Greene; Pittonia 4: 208 (1900)
= Halerpestes salsuginosa f. incisa (A.I.Baranov) H.Hara; Univ. Mus. Univ. Tokyo Bull. 2: 32 (1971)
= Halerpestes salsuginosa f. multidentatus S.H.Li & Y.H.Huang; Fl. Plant. Herb. Chinae bor.-or. 3: 230 (1975)
= Halerpestes salsuginosa Greene; Pittonia 4: 207 (1900)
= Halerpestes subsimilis (Printz) M.Tamura; Kitam., Fl. Afghan. (Results Kyoto Univ. Sci. Exped. Karak. & Hinduk.,ii.) 127 (1955) (1960)
= Ranunculus cymbalaria subsp. sarmentosus (Adams) Kitag.; Rept. First Sci. Exped. Manchoukuo 4: 18, 83 (1936)
= Ranunculus salsuginosus f. incisa (A.I.Baranov) H.Hara; Bull. Univ. Mus. Univ. Tokyo 2: 32 (1971)
= Ranunculus salsuginosus Pall.; Reise Russ. Reich. 3: 213, 265 (1776) (non Georgi 1775)
= Ranunculus sarmentosus Adams; Mem. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 9: 244 (1834)
= Ranunculus subsimilis Printz; Veg. Siber.-Mongol. Front.: 236 (1921)
variant :
var. multisecta (S.H.Li & Y.H.Huang) W.T.Wang; Guihaia 15(2): 102 (1995)
Distribution: China (W-Liaoning)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ranunculus cymbalaria f. multisecta S.H.Li & Y.H.Huang; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-Orient. 3: 187, 230, t. 80, f. 7. (1975)
= Ranunculus sarmentosus var. multisectus (S.H.Li & Y.H.Huang) Luferov; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 192: 96 (2006)
species :
Halerpestes tricuspis (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz.; Acta Horti Gothob. 13(4): 135-136 (1939)
Distribution: China (SW-Gansu, S-Ningxia, Qinghai, SE-Xinjiang); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Halerpestes haiyanica D.Z.Ma; Fl. Ningxia. 1: 185, 474, f. 165. (1986)
= Halerpestes lancifolia var. variifolia M.Tamura
= Halerpestes salsuginosa var. incisa A.I.Baranov; Feddes Repert. 63: 268, f. 3 (1960)
= Halerpestes tricuspis var. heterophylla W.T.Wang; Guihaia 15(2): 100, f. 3: 5 (1995)
= Halerpestes tricuspis var. intermedia W.T.Wang; Guihaia 15(2): 101-102, f. 4 (1995)
= Halerpestes tricuspis var. linearisecta L.H.Zhou; Fl. Qinghaiica 1: 507 (1997)
= Halerpestes tricuspis var. variifolia (M.Tamura) W.T.Wang; Guihaia 15(2): 100-101, f. 3: 6-11, f. 4 (1995)
= Halerpestes variifolia (M.Tamura) M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 44(1): 27 (1993)
= Ranunculus cymbalariae Pursh var. alpinus Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Ind. 1: 32 (1855)
= Ranunculus kangmaensis W.T.Wang; Guihaia 39(3): 285 (2019)
= Ranunculus tricuspis Maxim.; Fl. Tangut. 12 (1889)
= Ranunculus tricuspis var. variifolia (M.Tamura) H.B.Naithani & S.Biswas; H. B. Naithani, Flow. Pl. India, Nepal & Bhutan: 14 (1990)
species :
Halerpestes uniflora (Phil. ex Reiche) Emadzade, Lehnebach, P.J.Lockh. & Hörandl; Taxon 59(3): 823 (2010)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro); Argentina (Catamarca, Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquen, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Maule, Aisén, Magallanes)
83 BOL PER 85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Ranunculus aberrans Phil. ex Reiche; Fl. Chile 1: 16 (1894)
= Ranunculus arequipensis Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 326 (1923)
= Ranunculus bolivianus Phil.; Verz. Pfl. Antofagasta, 1 (1891)
= Ranunculus bovei Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 5: 44, pl. 3, fig. B (1896)
= Ranunculus bovei var. potamogetonoides (Speg.) Speg.; Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3: 488 (1897)
= Ranunculus potamogetonoides (Speg.) Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 47: 162 (1899)
= Ranunculus pseudocaltha Chodat & Wilcz.; Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. 2: 285 (1902)
= Ranunculus pseudocaltha f. minor Chodat & Wilcz.; Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 2: 286 (1902)
= Ranunculus uniflorus f. bolivianus (Phil.) Lourteig; Darwiniana 9: 519 (1951)
= Ranunculus uniflorus Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 88: 70 (1894)
= Ranunculus uniflorus Phil. ex Reiche; Fl. Chile 1: 16 (1894)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life