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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

298.0000 Family Combretaceae R.Br.; Prodr.: 351 (1810), nom. cons.
14 genera, ca. 580 spp. Phylogeny: Maurin et al. 2021
Species listed in database: 583; hybrids: 2
= Bucidaceae Spreng.; Syst. Veg. 2: 282 (1825)
= Myrobalanaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 396 (1820)
= Terminaliaceae J.St.-Hil.; Expos. Fam. Nat. 1: 178 (1805)
298.2102 Genus Lumnitzera Willd.; Ges. Naturf. Fr. Neue Schr. 4: 186 (1803)
Distribution: E-Africa, Madagascar, tropical Asia, Malesia, N-Australia, Oceania
Species listed in database: 2; hybrids: 1
= Bruguiera Thouars; Gen. Nov. Madag. 21 (1806)
= Funckia Dennst.; Schluess. Hort. Malab. 32 (1818)
= Petaloma Roxb.; Hort. Beng. (90) (1814), Fl. Ind. 2: 372 (1832)
= Pokornya Montrouz.; Mem. Acad. Lyon 10: 201 (1860)
= Problastes Reinw.; Syll. Ratisb. 2: 10 (1828)
= Pyrrhanthus Jack; Malay. Misc. 2: n. VII: 57 (1822)
species :
Lumnitzera littorea (Jack) Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 39 (1845)
Distribution: China (SE-Hainan); Maldives; Sri Lanka; Andaman Isl. (Middle Andaman Isl., South Andaman Isl.); Myanmar (Ayeyarwady, Taninthayi); Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (all coasts); Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei; Sulawesi; Philippines (throughout); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; Australia (N-Northern Territory, E-Queensland); New Caledonia; Vanuatu; Tonga (Tongatapu, ´Eua); Fiji; Tuvalu (Nui Atoll); Gilbert Isl. (Butaritari, Tarawa); Palau (Babeldaob, Koror, Peleliu); Guam; Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap, Woleai, Moen, Dublon, Fefan, Losap, Satawan, Pohnpei, Kosrae); Marshall Isl. (Ailinglapalap, Arno, Jaluit)
36 CHI 40 MDV SRL 41 AND CBD MYA VIE 42 BOR BRN JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SNG SUL SUM 43 BIS SOL 50 AUS 60 FIJ GIL NWC TON TUV VAN 62 GUM MIC MRS PLU
Conservation Status: endangered (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Bruguiera littorea (Jack) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 231 (1840)
= Laguncularia coccinea Gaudich.; Freyc. Voy. Bot, t. 104 (1829)
= Laguncularia haenkei Endl.; Ann. Wien. Mus. 1: 180 (1836), nom. superfl.
= Laguncularia pedicellata Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 2: 5 (1840)
= Laguncularia purpurea Gaudich.; Freyc. Voy. Bot. 481 (1829)
= Lumnitzera coccinea (Gaudich.) Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 2: 316 (1834)
= Lumnitzera pedicellata C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 2: 23 (1831)
= Lumnitzera pentandra Griff.; Notul. 4: 684 (1854)
= Lumnitzera purpurea (Gaudich.) C.Presl; Repert. Bot. Syst.: 155 (1833)
= Petaloma coccineum Blanco; Fl. Filip.: 345 (1837)
= Pokornya ettingshauseni Montrouz.; Mem. Acad. Lyon 10: 201 (1860)
= Pyrrhanthus littoreus Jack; Malayan Misc. 2: 57 (1822)
species :
Lumnitzera racemosa Willd.; Ges. Naturf. Fr. Neue Schr. 4: 187 (1803)
Name: Tonga Mangrove
Distribution: SE-Kenya; E-Tanzania; Mozambique; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal); Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Mozambique Channel Isl. [Iles Éparses] (Juan de Nova Isl.); Aldabra (Aldabra Isl., Astove Isl.); Seychelles; China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Kerala, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Maldives; Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl., Middle Andaman Isl., South Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl., Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Bago, Rakhine); Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (all coasts); Singapore; Sumatra; South China Sea Isl.; Borneo; Brunei; Sulawesi; Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Panay, Negros, Cebu, Mindanao); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Australia (N-Western Australia, Northern Territory, N-Queensland); New Caledonia; Vanuatu; USA [I] (Florida [I])
25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ 27 SAF 29 ALD COM MCI MDG SEY 36 CHI 38 NNS TAI 40 BAN IND MDV SRL 41 AND CBD MYA NCB VIE 42 BOR BRN JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SCS SNG SUL SUM 43 BIS 50 AUS 60 NWC VAN 78 usa
Conservation Status: endangered (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Bruguiera madagascariensis DC.; Prodr. 3: 23 (1828)
= Combretum alternifolium Herb.Madr. ex Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 317 (1834), nom. illeg.
= Funckia karakandel Dennst.; Schluess. Hort. Malab. 32 (1818)
= Lumnitzera edulis Blume ex Laness.; Pl. Util. Col. Franç.: 256 (1886)
= Lumnitzera racemosa var. pubescens Koord. & Valeton; Bijdr. Boomsoort. Java 9: 34 (1903)
= Petaloma alba Blanco; Fl. Filip. ed. I. 344 (1837)
= Petaloma albiflorum Zipp. ex Span.; Linnaea 15: 203 (1841)
= Petaloma album Blanco; Fl. Filip.: 344 (1837)
= Petaloma alternifolium Roxb.; Fl. Ind. ed. 1832. 2: 372 (1832)
= Pokornya ettingshausenii Montrouz.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci., sér. 2, 10: 201 (1860)
= Problastes cuneifolia Reinw.; Syll. Ratisb. 2: 10 (1828)
= Pyrrhanthus albus Wall.; Numer. List no. 4019 (1831), nomen
variant :
var. lutea (Gaudich.) Exell; Steenis, Fl. Males. ser. I. 4: 589 (1954)
Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu); Lesser Sunda Isl. (Alor, Timor)
40 IND 42 LSI
Synonyms: hidden
= Laguncularia lutea Gaudich.; Freyc. Voy. Bot. 481, t. 105, f. 1 (1829)
= Lumnitzera lutea C.Presl; Rep. Bot. 1: 156, in adnot.
species :
Lumnitzera ×rosea C.Presl; Repert. Bot. Syst.: 155 (1833)
Distribution: Malesia
Remarks: Lumnitzera littorea x L. racemosa
Synonyms: hidden
= Laguncularia rosea Gaudich.; Freyc. Voy. Bot. 481, t. 105, f. 2 (1829)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life