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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

441.0000 Family Ericaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 159 (1789), nom. cons.
127 genera, ca. 4500 spp. The inclusion of Empetraceae, Pyrolaceae, Epacridaceae and Monotropaceae follows conclusive molecular evidence.
Species listed in database: 4533; hybrids: 125
= Andromedaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 428 (1843)
= Arbutaceae Bromhead; Mag. Nat. Hist., n. s. 4: 337, 338 (1840)
= Arctostaphylaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 106 (1858)
= Azaleaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 272, 294 (1818)
= Diplarchaceae Klotzsch; Allgem. Deutsch. Nat. Hist. Zeit. 3: 230 (1857)
= Empetraceae Hook. & Lindl.; W. J. Hook., Fl. Scot.: 297 (1821), nom. cons.
= Epacridaceae R.Br.; Prodr.: 535 (1810), nom. cons.
= Hypopityaceae Klotzsch; Linnaea 24: 11 (1851)
= Ledaceae J.F.Gmel.; Allg. Gesch. Pflanzengifte, ed. 2: 404 (1803)
= Menziesiaceae Klotzsch; Linnaea 24: 11 (1851)
= Monotropaceae Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 272 (1818), nom. cons.
= Oxycoccaceae A.Kern.; Pflanzenleben 2: 713, 714 (1891)
= Prionotaceae Hutch.; Evol. Phylog. Fl. Pl.: 306 (1969)
= Pyrolaceae Lindl.; Syn. Brit. Fl.: 175 (1829), nom. cons.
= Rhododendraceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 158 (1789)
= Rhodoraceae Vent.; Tabl. Règne Vég. 2: 449 (1799)
= Salaxidaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 104 (1858)
= Salazariaceae F.A.Barkley; Phytologia 32: 304 (1975)
= Stypheliaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat.: 72 (1834)
= Vacciniaceae DC. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl.: 228 (1818), nom. cons.
441.2101 Genus Pyrola L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 396 (1753)
Distribution: circumpolar and temp. regions, mostly China and North America
Species listed in database: 42; hybrids: 1
= Actinocyclus Klotzsch; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 14 (1857)
= Amelia Alef.; Linnaea 28: 25 (1856)
= Braxilia Raf.; Autikon Botanikon, 102 (1840)
= Erxlebenia Opiz; Seznam, 41 (1852)
= Monanthium House; Am. Midl. Nat. 6: 206 (1920)
= Ramischia Opiz; Seznam, 82 (1852)
= Thelaia Alef.; Linnaea 28: 33 (1856)
species :
Pyrola alboreticulata Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 3: 142-144, t. 25 (1913)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Pyrola alpina Andres; Deutsch. Bot. Monatsschr. 22: 19 (1910)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl.); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
31 RFE 38 JAP
species :
Pyrola americana G.Don; Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. II. 341 (1830)
Name: American wintergreen
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); USA (Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola asarifolia subsp. americana (G.Don) Krísa; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 85(4): 628 (1966)
= Pyrola heterophyla Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 101 (1840)
= Pyrola obovata Bertol.; Misc. Bot. 3: 11 (1844)
= Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. americana (Sweet) R.T.Clausen; Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. Mem. 291: 9 (1949)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. americana (Sweet) Fernald; Rhodora 22: 122 (1920)
species :
Pyrola angustifolia (Alef.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 283 (1881)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Ciudad de Mexico, Jalisco, Mexico State, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala
79 MEX 80 GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola liebmannii Lange; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1867: 113 (1868)
= Pyrola rotundifolia Benth.; Pl. Hartw. 66 (1841)
= Pyrola sartorii (Alef.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 283 (1881)
= Thelaia angustifolia Alef.; Linnaea 28: 52 (1856)
= Thelaia sartorii Alef.; Linnaea 28: 50 (1856)
species :
Pyrola aphylla Sm.; Rees, Cycl. 29: no. 7 (1814)
Distribution: USA (S-Oregon, N-California)
73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: picta agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola aphylla f. ramosa Andres; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 20: 116 (1914)
= Pyrola aphylla var. foliosa Andres; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 20: 116 (1914)
= Pyrola aphylla var. leptosepala Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. ser. 2, 8: 271 (1842)
= Pyrola aphylla var. paucifolia Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer. [Howell] 1: 425 (1901)
= Pyrola picta f. aphylla (Sm.) Camp; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 67: 464 (1940)
= Thelaia aphylla (Sm.) Alef.; Linnaea 28: 39 (1856)
species :
Pyrola asarifolia Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 251 (1803)
subspecies :
subsp. asarifolia
Name: Liverleaf wintergreen
Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (California, Colorado, Iowa, Idaho, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming)
70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola asarifolia var. ovata Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 19: 262 (1917)
= Pyrola asarifolia var. purpurea (Bunge) Fernald; Rhodora 51: 103 (1949)
= Pyrola asarifolia var. uliginosa (Torr. & A.Gray) A.Gray; Manual: 272 (1848)
= Pyrola californica Krísa; Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 85: 615 (1966)
= Pyrola cordata Andres; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 19: 82 (1913)
= Pyrola elata Nutt.; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. N. S. 8: 270 (1843)
= Pyrola noveboracensis Colden ex Torr.; Fl. N. U. St. 1: 432 (1824)
= Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. asarifolia (Michx.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Notiser, 128(4): 517 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. purpurea Bunge; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 2: 20 (1835)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. uliginosa (Torr. & A.Gray) A.Gray; Manual, ed. 2: 259 (1856)
= Pyrola uliginosa Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. New York 1: 453 (1843)
= Pyrola uliginosa var. gracilis Jenn.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 10: 454 (1920)
= Thelaia asarifolia (Michx.) Alef.; Linnaea 28: 54 (1856)
subspecies :
subsp. incarnata (DC.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 24 (1982)
Name: Pink wintergreen
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka); Kazakhstan; China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, ?Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, E-Nei Mongol, ?Ningxia, Shanxi, ?Sichuan, Xinjiang); Mongolia; North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim); Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State)
30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP NKO 40 BHU IND 70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola asarifolia subsp. bracteata (Hook.) Haber; Syst. Bot. 8(3): 298 (1983)
= Pyrola asarifolia subsp. incarnata (DC.) Haber & Hid.Takah.; Bot. Mag. Tokyo, 101(1064): 492 (1988), isonym
= Pyrola asarifolia var. bracteata (Hook.) Jeps.; Fl. Calif. [Jeps.] 3: 59 (1939)
= Pyrola asarifolia var. incarnata (DC.) Fernald; Rhodora 6(68): 178 (1904)
= Pyrola bracteata Hook.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 47 (1837)
= Pyrola bracteata var. hillii J.K.Henry; Torreya 14: 32 (1914)
= Pyrola incarnata (DC.) Fisch. ex Kom.; Acta Hort. Petrop. 25: (Fl. Mansh. iii.) 195 (1905)
= Pyrola incarnata (DC.) Freyn; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 52(10): 401 (1902)
= Pyrola incarnata var. ovatifolia Y.Z.Zhao; Fl. Intramongolica, ed. 2, 4: 846 (1993)
= Pyrola media subsp. sikkimensis (Krísa) Sarvela
= Pyrola rotundifolia f. incarnata (DC.) Regel; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 4(4): 102 (1861)
= Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. incarnata (DC.) Krylov; Fl. Sibir. Occid. 9: 2097 (1937)
= Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. indica Andres; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 64: 232 (1914)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. incarnata DC.; Prodr. 7: 773 (1839)
= Pyrola sikkimensis Krísa; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 89(1): 68-70 (1969)
= Pyrola speciosa Nasarow; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol., n.s. 32: 353 (1924), nom. superfl.
= Pyrola tokugoensis Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 742 (1939)
species :
Pyrola atropurpurea Franch.; J. Bot. (Morot) 9(20): 372 (1895)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Henan?, Qinghai, Shaanxi?, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola gracilis (Andres) Andres; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 19: 86 (1913)
= Pyrola atropurpurea var. gracilis Andres
species :
Pyrola calliantha Andres; Acta Horti Gothob. 1(5): 173-174, f. 1: g (1924)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Qinghai, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola andresii Krísa; Bot. Not. 120(4): 428 (1967)
= Pyrola calliantha var. tibetana (Andres) Y.L.Chou; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(4): 116 (1981)
= Pyrola hopeiensis Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15(12): 743 (1939)
= Pyrola rockii Krísa; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 89(1): 70-72 (1969)
= Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. chinensis Andres; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 64(1-2): 49, Abb. 2: 8 (1914)
= Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. tibetana Andres; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 64(1-2): 50 (1914)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. chinensis Andres; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 22: 35-36, f. 2, 2 (1911)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. commune Andres; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 22: 35 (1911)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. laurifolia Andres; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 36 (1911)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. sphaeroides Andres; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 36 (1911)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. tibetana Andres; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 22: 36, t. 2: 2 (1911)
species :
Pyrola carpatica Holub & Krísa; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 6(1): 82 (1971)
Distribution: Slovakia; Romania; Ukraine
11 SLO 13 ROM 14 UKR
species :
Pyrola chlorantha Sw.; Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 31: 194 (1810)
Name: Grünblütiges Wintergrün (DE), Greenflowered wintergreen (EN)
Distribution: Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Rheinland-Pfalz, +Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; C- & NE-Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SW-Anatolia); China (Nei Mongol); Mongolia; Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Idaho, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)
10 DEN FIN NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE POL SLO SWI 12 ADO COR FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 33 GEO NCS 34 TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola chlorantha f. paucifolia (Fernald) Camp; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 67: 464 (1940)
= Pyrola chlorantha var. convoluta (W.Bartram) Fernald; Rhodora 22: 52 (1920)
= Pyrola chlorantha var. paucifolia Fernald; Rhodora 22: 51 (1920)
= Pyrola chlorantha var. revoluta Jenn.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 10: 455 (1920)
= Pyrola convoluta W.P.C.Barton; Fl. Philadelph. Prodr. 50 (1815)
= Pyrola minor Pursh; Fl. Am. Sept. 1: 299 (1813) non L. 1753
= Pyrola oxypetala Austin ex A.Gray; Manual (Gray), ed. 5. 302 (1867)
= Pyrola solunica S.D.Zhao; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-orient. 7: 5, t. 1: f. 1-4 (1981)
= Pyrola virens Schweigg. & Körte; Fl. Erlang.: 154 (1811)
= Pyrola virens var. convoluta (Barton) Fernald; Rhodora 43: 167 (1941)
= Pyrola virens var. saximontana Fernald; Rhodora 43: 167 (1941)
= Thelaia chlorantha (Sw.) Alef.; Linnaea 28: 41-43 (1856)
species :
Pyrola chouana Chang Y.Yang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 5(2): 167 (1985)
Distribution: China (Xinjiang)
36 CHI
species :
Pyrola corbierei H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Geogr. Bot. 12(161-162): 254-255 (1903)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan); Bhutan; India (Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland)
36 CHI 40 BHU IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola chlorantha subsp. fallax Krísa; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr., 120(3): 350 (1972)
species :
Pyrola crypta Jolles; Taxon 63(4): 798 (2014)
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)
73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: picta agg.
species :
Pyrola dahurica (Andres) Kom.; Acta Horti Gothob. 39: 96 (1923)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol); Mongolia; North Korea
31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola americana var. dahurica Andres; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 22: 50 (1911)
= Pyrola incarnata subsp. dahurica (Andres) Krísa; Novit. Bot. Univ. Carol. 31 (1967)
= Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. dahurica (Andres) Andres; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 64(6): 233 (1914)
species :
Pyrola decorata Andres; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8(36): 7-8, pl. 3 (1913)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola alba Andres; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19(534-537): 80 (1923), et Fedde, Repert. 40: 132 (1936)
= Pyrola alba var. viridiflora Andres; Symb. Sin. 7(4): 763 (1936)
= Pyrola decorata var. alba (Andres) Y.L.Chou & R.C.Zhou; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(4): 116 (1981)
= Pyrola handeliana Andres; Symb. Sin. 7(4): 764-765, t. 14, f. 1 (1936)
= Pyrola oreodoxa Andres; Symb. Sin. 7(4): 762-763 (1936)
species :
Pyrola dentata Sm.; Rees, Cycl. 29: n. 6 (1819)
Distribution: USA (S-Oregon, N-California)
73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: picta agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola dentata var. apophylla H.F.Copel.; Madroño 9: 70 (1947)
= Pyrola dentata var. integra A.Gray; Pacif. Railr. Rep. 12 (Book 2, Pt. 2, Bot.) [Stevens] 54 (1861)
= Pyrola flexuosa Raf.; Atlantic J. 1: 151 (1832)
= Pyrola pallida Greene; Pittonia 4: 39 (1899)
= Pyrola picta subsp. dentata (Sm.) Piper; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 11: 434 (1906)
= Pyrola picta subsp. integra (A.Gray) Piper; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 11: 434 (1906)
= Pyrola picta subsp. pallida (Greene) Andres; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 20: 113 (1914)
= Pyrola picta var. dentata (Sm.) Dorn; Vasc. Pl. Wyoming: 296 (1988)
= Pyrola picta var. pallida (Greene) Parish; Pl. World 20: 248 (1917)
species :
Pyrola elegantula Andres; Symb. Sin. 7(4): 764-765 (1936)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola elegantula var. jiangxiensis Y.L.Chou & R.C.Zhou; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(4): 114-115 (1981)
species :
Pyrola elliptica Nutt.; Gen. Am. 1: 273 (1818)
Name: Waxflower shinleaf
Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)
71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola compacta Jenn.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 10: 455 (1920)
= Pyrola hybrida Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 101 (1840), nom. illeg., non Vill.
= Pyrola maximowicziana Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 3: 26 (1926)
= Pyrola reticulata Raf. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7(2): 773 (1839)
= Thelaia elliptica (Nutt.) Alef.; Linnaea 28: 47 (1856)
species :
Pyrola faurieana Andres; Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 54: 219 (1912 publ. 1913)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
31 RFE 38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola minor subsp. faurieana (Andres) Vorosch. ex A.P.Khokhr. & Mazurenko; Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal´nego Vostoka 5: 161 (1991)
species :
Pyrola forrestiana Andres; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8(36): 8, t. 5 (1913)
Distribution: China (Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan); ?Tibet
36 CHI
species :
Pyrola grandiflora Radius; Diss. 27. t. 3, f. 2 (1821)
Name: Largeflowered wintergreen
Distribution: Iceland; N-European Russia; Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon)
10 ICE 14 RUS 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola borealis Rydb.; Britton et al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 29: 24 (1914)
= Pyrola canadensis Andres; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 64: 250 (1914)
= Pyrola gormanii Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 29(1): 25 (1914)
= Pyrola grandiflora var. canadensis (Andres) A.E.Porsild; Rhodora 41: 273 (1939)
= Pyrola grandiflora var. gormanii (Rydb.) A.E.Porsild; Rhodora 41: 273 (1939)
= Pyrola occidentalis R.Br. ex D.Don; Mem. Wern. Soc. 5: 232 (1824)
= Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. grandiflora (Radius) V.G.Sergienko; Fl. poluostrova Kanin: 80 (1986)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. grandiflora (Radius) Fernald ex A.P.Khokhr.; Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal´nego Vostoka 5: 162 (1991)
= Thelaia grandiflora (Radius) Alef.; Linnaea 28: 68 (1856)
= Thelaia occidentalis (R.Br. ex D.Don) Alef.; Linnaea 28: 36 (1856)
species :
Pyrola japonica Klenze ex Alef.; Linnaea 28: 57 (1856)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye); China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola asarifolia var. japonica (Klenze ex Alef.) Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavum (1866)
= Pyrola coreana Andres; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 14: 5 (1936)
= Pyrola incarnata var. japonica (Klenze ex Alef.) Koidz.; Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. 74 (1930)
= Pyrola japonica f. viridicalyx Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49(587): 790 (1935)
= Pyrola japonica Siebold ex Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavum 1: 35 (1863)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. albiflora Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg 18(1): 52-53 (1872)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. japonica (Siebold ex Miq.) Andres; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 22(4): 50 (1911)
species :
Pyrola karakoramica Krísa; Bot. Notiser 120: 426 (1967)
Distribution: Pakistan (Chitral, Astor, Gilgit, Baltistan, Hunza)
40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. karakoramica (Krísa) Y.J.Nasir; Fl. W. Pakistan, 128: 4 (1979)
species :
Pyrola macrocalyx Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 1(1): 80-81 (1932)
Distribution: China (Jilin)
36 CHI
species :
Pyrola markonica Y.L.Chou & R.C.Zhou; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(4): 113 (1981)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Pyrola mattfeldiana Andres; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 40(1031-1039): 235-236 (1936)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Pyrola media Sw.; Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 25: 263 (1804)
Name: Mittleres Wintergrün (DE)
Distribution: England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Bayern, Hessen, +Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, +Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; ?Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); China (Jilin, Xinjiang); Mongolia
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE LUX POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 33 AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR 36 CHI 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Amelia media (Sw.) Alef.; Linnaea 28: 30-32 (1856)
= Braxilia media (Sw.) Raf.; Autikon Bot. 103 (1840)
= Pyrola convallariifolia P.A.Genty; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 37: 29 (1890), nom. illeg.
= Pyrola minor subsp. media (Sw.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 203 (1894)
= Pyrola rotundifolia Oeder; Fl. Dan. t. 110 (1771) non L. 1753
= Thelaia media (Sw.) Alef.; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 20: 19 (1862)
species :
Pyrola minor L.; Sp. Pl.: 396 (1753)
Name: Kleines Wintergrün (DE), Snowline wintergreen (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, WN-Anatolia); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Oregon, Utah, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming)
10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO COR FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP NKO 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Amelia minor (L.) Alef.; Linnaea 28: 25 (1856)
= Braxilia minor (L.) House; Am. Midl. Nat. 7: 135 (1921)
= Braxilia parvifolia Raf.; Autik. Bot. 102 (1840)
= Erxlebenia minor (L.) Rydb.; Britton et al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 29: 28 (1914)
= Erxlebenia rosea Opiz; Seznam 41 (1852)
= Pyrola conferta Fisch. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 2: 930 (1846)
= Pyrola intermedia Schleich.; 23 (1815), nom. inval.
= Pyrola intermedia Schleich. ex Arcang.; Compend. Fl. Ital.: 460 (1882)
= Pyrola intermedia Schleich. ex Ces., Pass. & Gibelli; 418 (1877)
= Pyrola minor f. brevis Lange; Meddel. Grønland 3: 266 (1887)
= Pyrola minor f. rosea (Sm.) Hegi; 1578 (1926)
= Pyrola minor subsp. rosea (Sm.) Schübl. & G.Martens; 267 (1834)
= Pyrola minor var. conferta (Fisch. ex Cham. & Schltdl.) A.P.Khokhr.; Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal´nego Vostoka 5: 161 (1991)
= Pyrola minor var. parvifolia B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 87: 45 (1960)
= Pyrola minor var. rosea (Sm.) Hampe; 28 (1836)
= Pyrola montana Bubani; Fl. Pyren. (Bubani) 2: 3 (1899)
= Pyrola rosea Sm.; Engl. Bot. 36: t. 2543 (1813)
species :
Pyrola monophylla Y.L.Chou & R.C.Zhou; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(4): 111-112, pl. 1: 1-5 (1981), nom. illeg., non Raf.
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Pyrola morrisonensis (Hayata) Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 25(19): 155 (1908)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola elliptica var. morrisonensis Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 20(229): 18-19 (1906)
species :
Pyrola nephrophylla (Andres) Andres; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 63: 449 (1913)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl.); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
31 RFE 38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola rotundifolia f. nephrophylla Andres; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 22(4): 51 (1911)
species :
Pyrola picta Sm.; Rees, Cycl. 29: n. 8 (1819)
Name: Whiteveined wintergreen
Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming); Mexico (Baja California Norte)
71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Remarks: picta agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola blanda Andres; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 63: 72, fig. 5-10 (1913)
= Pyrola conardiana Andres; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 63: 73 (1913)
= Pyrola paradoxa Andres; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 54: 220, fig. 2 (1913)
= Pyrola picta var. chimoides Andres; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 20: 114 (1914)
= Pyrola picta var. sparsifolia (Suksd.) Andres; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 20: 113 (1914)
= Pyrola picta var. suksdorfii Andres; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 20: 113 (1914)
= Pyrola septentrionalis Andres; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 63: 71, fig (1913)
= Pyrola sparsifolia Suksd.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 26 (1906)
= Thelaia spathulata Alef.; Linnaea 28: 45 (1856)
species :
Pyrola renifolia Maxim.; Mem. Acad. Sci. St-Petersb. Sav. Etrang. 9: 190 (1859)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol); North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola soldanellifolia Andres; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 22: 18, t. 1, f. 3 (1910)
species :
Pyrola rotundifolia L.; Sp. Pl.: 396 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. rotundifolia
Name: Rundblättriges Wintergrün (DE)
Distribution: Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; N-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Bulgaria; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan); China (Gansu, ?Hebei, ?Jiangsu, ?Liaoning, ?Ningxia, ?Shaanxi, Sichuan, N-Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin)
11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE LUX SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS NMA SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 33 AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola declinata Moench; Meth. 71 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Pyrola groenlandica Hornem.; Fl. Dan. t. (1817 publ. 1816)
= Pyrola magna Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 2: 928 (1846)
= Pyrola major Lam.; Fl. Fr. 2: 530 (1779)
= Pyrola monophyla Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 100 (1840)
= Pyrola ovalifolia Schur; Enum. Pl. Transs. 449 (1866)
= Pyrola pumila Hornem. ex Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 1: 514 (1826)
= Pyrola rotundifolia f. microphylla (P.A.Genty) Morariu; Savul., 117 (1960)
= Pyrola rotundifolia f. orbiculata (Schur) Morariu; Savul., 115 (1960)
= Pyrola rotundifolia f. orthostyla (Rchb.) Werner Christ.; J. A. Christ. & al., 182 (1922)
= Pyrola rotundifolia f. ovalifolia (Schur) Morariu; Savul., 116 (1960)
= Pyrola rotundifolia f. pallida H.Lindb.; Exsicc. (Pl. Finland.) 9-20: 115 (1916)
= Pyrola rotundifolia f. rubella C.G.Westerl.; Bot. Notiser 1903: 49 (1903)
= Pyrola rotundifolia f. transsilvanica (Schur) Morariu; Savul., 115 (1960)
= Pyrola rotundifolia proles serotina (Melicocq) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 4: 13 (1897)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. chloranthoides P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 698 (1937), nom. inval.
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. microphylla P.A.Genty; 26 (1890)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. orbiculata Schur; 449 (1866), nom. inval.
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. ovalifolia Schur; 449 (1866)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. pulchella (Andres) Vollm.; 577 (1914)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. pumila Hornem.; Fors. Oecon. Plantel., ed. 3: 463 (1821)
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. transsilvanica Schur; 449 (1866)
= Pyrola serotina Melicocq; Ann. Pas-de-Calais 1848-1849: 223 (1849)
= Pyrola tianschanica P.P.Polyakov; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 6: 55 (1950)
= Thelaia rotundifolia (L.) Alef.; Linnaea 28: 60-63 (1856)
subspecies :
subsp. maritima (Kenyon) E.F.Warb.; Clapham & al., Fl. Brit. Isles: 789 (1952)
Name: Strand-Wintergrün (DE)
Distribution: England; Denmark; ?Sweden; Germany (Niedersachsen, Schleswig-Holstein); France; Channel Isl.
10 DEN GRB 11 GER 12 CIS FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola arenaria (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) La Fons; 162 (1854)
= Pyrola maritima Kenyon; Phytol. 2: 727 (1846), nom. illeg.
= Pyrola maritima Kenyon ex W.W.Evans; Phytologist 2: 727 (1847), nom. inval.
= Pyrola rotundifolia f. arenaria (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Morariu; Savul., 116 (1960)
= Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. arenaria (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) A.Hansen & A.Pedersen; 136 (1961), nom. illeg.
= Pyrola rotundifolia var. arenaria Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Deutschl. Fl. (Mertens & W. D. J. Koch), ed. 3. 3: 103 (1831)
= Thelaia arenaria (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Alef.; Bot. Zeit. 20: 220 (1862), nom. illeg.
= Thelaia intermedia Alef.; Linnaea 28: 65 (1856)
= Pyrola rotundifolia proles intermedia Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 4: 13 (1897)
= Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. intermedia (Alef.) Wohlf.; Hallier & Wohlf.,
subspecies :
subsp. norvegica (Knaben) Hämet-Ahti; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 21(2): 209 (1984)
Distribution: Norway; Sweden; Finland; N-European Russia
10 FIN NOR SWE 14 RUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola grandiflora subsp. norvegica (Knaben) Á.Löve & D.Löve
= Pyrola norvegica Knaben; Bergens Mus. Arbok, Naturvidensk. Rekke, No. 6, 5 (1943)
species :
Pyrola rugosa Andres; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 40(1031-1039): 233-234 (1936)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Pyrola shanxiensis Y.L.Chou & R.C.Zhou; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(4): 112-113, pl. 1: 6-8 (1981)
Distribution: China (Shanxi)
36 CHI
species :
Pyrola sororia Andres; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8(36): 8, t. 4 (1913)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
species :
Pyrola subaphylla Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 11: 433 (1867)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Hokkaido, Shikoku)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrola denticulata Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 30: 80 (1916)
= Pyrola japonica f. subaphylla (Maxim.) Ohwi; Fl. Jap. 875 (1953)
= Pyrola japonica var. subaphylla (Maxim.) Andres; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 64(6): 245-246 (1914)
= Pyrola japonica var. subaphylla (Maxim.) H.Hara; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 50: 490 (1936), isonym
= Pyrola rotundifolia f. subaphylla (Maxim.) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 27(314): 24 (1913)
species :
Pyrola sumatrana Andres; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. Ser. III. 14: 5 (1936)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Pyrola szechuanica Andres; Acta Horti Gothob. 1(5): 170-172, f. 1: a-e (1924)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Pyrola tschanbaischanica Y.L.Chou & Y.L.Chang; Bull. Herb. North-East. Forest. Acad. 1: 6, f. 2 (1959)
Distribution: China (Jilin)
36 CHI
species :
Pyrola xinjiangensis Y.L.Chou & R.C.Zhou; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(4): 113-114, pl. 2, f. 6-10 (1981)
Distribution: China (Xinjiang)
36 CHI
species :
Pyrola ×graebneriana Seemen; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 4: 115 (1898)
Distribution: Germany (Niedersachsen); etc.
11 GER
Remarks: Pyrola minor x rotundifolia
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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