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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

526.0000 Family Apiaceae Lindl.; Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 21 (1836), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 460 - 480 genera, ca. 3900 spp. Phylogeny still partially incomplete, taken from recent partial revisions (Downie et al. etc.), and Clarkson et al. (2021) who do cover only 290 genera. Genus circumscriptions mostly following Kubitzki (ed., 2018).
Species listed in database: 3853; hybrids: 18
= Actinotaceae Konstant. & Melikyan; Bot. Zhurn (Moscow & Leningrad) 90: 1763 (2005)
= Ammiaceae Bercht. & C.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 259 (1820)
= Angelicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 29 (1820)
= Bupleuraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 258 (1820)
= Caucalidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 259 (1820)
= Coriandraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 773, 783, 1093, 1128 (1835)
= Daucaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 183 (1820)
= Eryngiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 259 (1820)
= Ferulaceae Sacc.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 4: 214 (1872)
= Imperatoriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 328 (1820)
= Lagoeciaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 259 (1820)
= Mackinlayaceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: lii (2001)
= Pastinacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 457 (1820)
= Pimpinellaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 258 (1820)
= Saniculaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 259 (1820)
= Scandicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 259 (1820)
= Selinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 259 (1820)
= Sileraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 259 (1820)
= Smyrniaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 773, 1093, 1128 (1835)
= Umbelliferae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 218 (1789), nom. cons.
526.8810 Genus Thapsia L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 261 (1753)
Distribution: Mediterranean, mostly western
Species listed in database: 19
= Distichoselinum F.García Mart. & Silvestre; Lagascalia 12: 100 (1983)
= Elaeoselinum W.D.J.Koch ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 215 (1830)
= Guillonea Coss.; Notes Pl. Crit.: 109 (1851)
= Margotia Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov.: 52 (1838)
species :
Thapsia asclepium L.; Sp. Pl. 261 (1753)
Name: Asklepios-Steckenkraut (DE); Asclepios Fennel (EN)
Distribution: Baleares (Ibiza); W-Italy; Sicily; Albania; Greece (NW-Greece, Korfu, Peloponnisos, Kithira); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Samos, Rhodos)
12 BAL 13 ALB GRC ITA KRI SIC 34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Elaeoselinum apulia (Mill.) M.Hiroe; Umbellif. of World: 1240 (1979)
= Elaeoselinum asclepium (L.) Bertol.; Fl. Ital. 3: 383 (1839)
= Elaeoselinum asclepium subsp. millefolium (Boiss.) García-Martín & Silvestre; Lagascalia 12(2): 265 (1984)
= Elaeoselinum asclepium var. hispanicum (Lange) Font Quer; Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Barcelona 20(4): 40 (1927)
= Elaeoselinum asclepium var. hispanicum (Lange) O.Bolòs.Font Quer & Vigo; But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat, 38 Bot. 1: 83 (1974), isonym
= Elaeoselinum hispanicum (Lange) Pau ex Martínez; Mem. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 14: 459 (1934)
= Elaeoselinum loscosii Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 26 (1874)
= Elaeoselinum meoides var. hispanicum Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 26 (1874)
= Elaeoselinum millefolium Boiss.; Elench. 50 (1838)
= Laserpitium asclepium (L.) Calest.; Martelli, Webbia 1: 270 (1905)
= Laserpitium loscosii (Lange) Calest.; Martelli, Webbia 1: 270 (1905)
= Laserpitium millefolium (Boiss.) Calest.; Martelli, Webbia 1: 270 (1905)
= Thapsia apulia Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8.: no. 4 (1768)
= Thapsia asclepiadea St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 136 (1880), orth. var.
species :
Thapsia cinerea A.Pujadas; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 143(4): 437 (2003)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Thapsia eliasii (Sennen & Pau) Wojew., Banasiak, Reduron & Spalik; Taxon 65(3): 579 (2016)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Laserpitium eliasii Sennen & Pau; Bol. Soc. Arag. 6: 25 (1907), Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bot. 18: 472
= Laserpitium eliasii subsp. ordunae P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 68 (2003)
= Laserpitium eliasii subsp. thalictrifolium (Samp.) P.Monts.; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2.A, 47(Suppl.): 307 (1974)
= Laserpitium eliasii var. oscense P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 67 (2003)
= Laserpitium eliasii var. terana P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 70 (2003)
= Laserpitium nestleri subsp. eliasii (Sennen & Pau) M.Laínz; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 14: 541 (1957)
= Laserpitium nestleri subsp. thalictrifolium (Samp.) M.Laínz; Aport. Fl. Gallega VI 18 (1968)
= Laserpitium thalictrifolium Samp.; Ann. Acad. Polyt. Porto 7: 53 (1912), et Herb. Portug. 99 (1913)
species :
Thapsia foetida L.; Sp. Pl. 261 (1753)
Distribution: S-Portugal; SW-Spain; Gibraltar; Gibraltar; Morocco
12 GIB POR SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cnidium fontanesii Spreng.; Sp. Umbellif. Prod. 41 (1813)
= Elaeoselinum foetidum (L.) Boiss.; Elench. 51 (1838)
= Elaeoselinum foetidum var. brachylobum Pau; Font Quer, Iter. Marocc. 1930: no. 492 (1932)
= Elaeoselinum polygamum (Lam.) Caruel; Parl., Fl. Ital. 8: 509 (1889)
= Laserpitium africanum F.Dietr.; Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 5: 315 (1805)
= Laserpitium atlanticum Poir.; Encyc. Suppl. 3: 304 (1814)
= Laserpitium foetidum (L.) Calest.; Martelli, Webbia 1: 270 (1905)
= Laserpitium polygamum Lam.; Encycl. 3: 425 (1792)
= Ligusticum fontanesii Spreng.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 565 (1820)
= Thapsia polygama Salzm. ex Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 481 (1878), nom. inval.
species :
Thapsia garganica L.; Mantissa 57 (1767)
subspecies :
subsp. garganica
Name: Gargano-Purgierdolde (DE); Italian Thapsia (EN)
Distribution: Baleares (Ibiza); Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); European Turkey; Greece (lowlands in C- and S-Greece, Kiklades, Ionian Isl., Sporades); Crete; ?Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Dodecanese, Kos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
12 BAL SAR 13 GRC ITA KRI PEL SIC TUE 20 ALG LBY TUN 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Laserpitium thapsia Calest.; Martelli, Webbia 1: 271 (1905)
= Thapsia garganica var. angusta Faure & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 421 (1938)
= Thapsia garganica var. sylphium (Viv.) Bég. & Vacc.; Contr. Fl. Lib. 52 (1912)
= Thapsia lineariloba Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 314 (1874)
= Thapsia marocana Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 2: 314 (1875)
= Thapsia praealta d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 288 (1822)
= Thapsia silphia St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 136 (1880)
= Thapsia stenocarpa Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 2: 313 (1875)
= Thapsia sylphium Viv.; Fl. Lib. Spec. 17 (1824)
subspecies :
subsp. messanensis (Guss.) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pasta, Pavone & Salmeri; Inform. Bot. Ital. 40(Suppl. 3): 45 (2009)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Thapsia garganica var. messanensis Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 359 (1843)
species :
Thapsia gummifera (Desf.) Spreng.; Sp. Umbellif. 31 (1818)
Distribution: Portugal; C-Spain; S- & W-Spain; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 POR SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Elaeoselinum gummiferum (Desf.) Samp.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 24: 51 (1908-09)
= Elaeoselinum gummiferum (Desf.) Tutin; Feddes Repert. 74: 33 (1967), isonym
= Laserpitium gummiferum Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 254. t. 72 (1798)
= Margotia gummifera (Desf.) Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prod. Fl. Hisp. 3: 25 (1874)
= Margotia laserpitioides Boiss.; Elench. 52 (1838)
species :
Thapsia gymnesica Rosselló & A.Pujadas; Candollea 46(1): 66 (1991)
Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca, Menorca)
12 BAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Thapsia garganica f. decussata Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 2: 252 (1922)
= Thapsia garganica subsp. gymnesica (Rosselló & A.Pujadas) Romo; Fl. Silvestres Baleares: 197 (1994)
species :
Thapsia meoides (Desf.) Guss.; Fl. Sic. Prod. 1: 370 (1827)
Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia; S-Italy; Sicily; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya
12 COR SAR 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Elaeoselinum asclepium subsp. meoides (Desf.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Ital. 2: 84 (1925)
= Elaeoselinum asclepium subsp. meoides (Desf.) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 2: 548 (1932)
= Elaeoselinum asclepium var. australe Font Quer; Mem. Acad. Cienc. Barcelona 25(14): 14 (1936)
= Elaeoselinum asclepium var. meoides (Desf.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 84 (1925)
= Elaeoselinum cadevallii Sennen & Mauricio; Cat. Fl. Rif Orient. 145 (1933), nom. inval.
= Elaeoselinum cuatrecasasii Sennen & Mauricio; Cat. Fl. Rif Orient. 145 (1933), nom. inval.
= Elaeoselinum meoides (Desf.) W.D.J.Koch ex DC.; Prod. 4: 215 (1830)
= Elaeoselinum meoides var. australe Font Quer; Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Barcelona 25(14): 14 (1936)
= Ferula meoides (Desf.) Schousb. ex Ball; J. L. Scc. 16: 479 (1878)
= Laserpitium meoides Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 253 (1798)
species :
Thapsia minor Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. 2: 431 (1834)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Thapsia villosa subsp. minor (Hoffmanns. & Link) M.Laínz; Aport. Fl. Gallega VI 18 (1968)
= Thapsia villosa var. minor (Hoffmanns. & Link) Cout.; Fl. Portugal 455 (1913)
species :
Thapsia nestleri (Soy.-Will.) Wojew., Banasiak, Reduron & Spalik; Taxon 65(3): 579 (2016)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Andorra; S-France
12 ADO FRA POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Lacellia nestleri (Soy.-Will.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 2: 399 (1899)
= Laserpitium aquilegiifolium DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3 6: 510 (1815), nom. illeg.
= Laserpitium nestleri Soy.-Will.; Observ. Pl. France: 87 (1828)
= Laserpitium nestleri subsp. flabellatum P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 55 (2003), nom. inval., et Willdenowia 41(2): 248 (2011)
= Laserpitium nestleri subsp. lainzii P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 64 (2003)
= Laserpitium nestleri subsp. turolensis P.Monts.; Bol. Soc. Brot., 47 (Suppl.): 307 (1974)
= Laserpitium nestleri var. barbulatum P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 61 (2003)
= Laserpitium nestleri var. candolleanum P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 60 (2003)
= Laserpitium nestleri var. hispidum Lecoq & Lamotte; Cat. Pl. Plateau Central 197 (1848)
= Laserpitium nestleri var. obtusatum P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 54 (2003)
= Laserpitium nestleri var. orbiculatum P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 54 (2003)
= Laserpitium nestleri var. subbeticum S.Ríos & P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 54 (2003)
= Laserpitium nestleri var. turolensis (P.Monts.) P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 55 (2003)
= Laserpitium nestleri var. umbrosum H.J.Coste; Bull. Soc. Bot. France (Sess. Extr.): CXXIII (1893)
= Laserpitium trilobum Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées: 151 (1813), nom. illeg.
= Laserpitium triternatisectum Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées: 358 (1867)
= Siler nestleri (Soy.-Will.) Thell.; Le Monde des Plantes 26: No. 153, 4 (1925)
= Thapsia nestleri subsp. flabellata (P.Monts.) Fern.Prieto, García Fresno, Sanna & Cires; Naturalia Cantabricae 5(1): 12 (2017)
= Thapsia nestleri subsp. lainzii (P.Monts.) Cires & Fern.Prieto; Naturalia Cantabricae 8(Especial): 93 (2020)
species :
Thapsia nitida Lacaita; Cavanillesia 1: 13 (1928)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; ?Morocco
12 POR SPA
variant :
var. meridionalis A.Pujadas; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 57(2): 465 (2000)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Thapsia nitida subsp. meridionalis (A.Pujadas) Rivas Mart.; Itinera Geobot. 15(2): 708 (2002)
species :
Thapsia pelagica Brullo, Guglielmo, Pasta, Pavone & Salmeri; Inform. Bot. Ital. 40(Suppl. 3): 46 (2009)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
species :
Thapsia platycarpa Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 2: 313 (1875)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
species :
Thapsia scabra (Cav.) Simonsen, Rønsted, Weitzel & Spalik; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 174: 635 (2014)
Distribution: S- & E-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Guillonea canescens (Boiss.) Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prod. Fl. Hisp. 3: 31 (1874)
= Guillonea scabra (Cav.) Coss.; Not. Pl. Crit. 110 (1851)
= Guillonea scabra subsp. canescens (Boiss.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 277 (1879)
= Guillonea scabra var. canescens (Boiss.) Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 199 (1893)
= Laserpitium canescens Boiss.; Elench. 49 (1838)
= Laserpitium scabrum Cav.; Ic. 2: 72. t. 190 (1793)
species :
Thapsia smittii Simonsen, Rønsted, Weitzel & Spalik; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 174: 635 (2014)
Distribution: Portugal
12 POR
species :
Thapsia tenuifolia Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lag.] 12 (1816)
Distribution: Portugal; S-Spain; Morocco
12 POR SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Distichoselinum tenuifolium (Lag.) F.García Mart. & Silvestre; Lagascalia 12: 101 (1983)
= Elaeoselinum lagascae Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov.: 50 (1838), nom. illeg.
= Elaeoselinum tenuifolium (Lag.) Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hisp. 3: 26 (1874)
= Laserpitium tenuifolium (Lag.) Calest.; Martelli, Webbia 1: 27 (1905)
species :
Thapsia thapsioides (Desf.) Simonsen, Rønsted, Weitzel & Spalik; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 174: 635 (2014)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Elaeoselinum exinvolucratum Coss.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 20: 249 (1873) 22: 60 (1875)
= Elaeoselinum fontanesii Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 263 (1841)
= Elaeoselinum humile Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 479 (1878)
= Elaeoselinum laxum Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 151 (1874)
= Elaeoselinum thapsioides (Desf.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 19: 28 (1928), nom. illeg.
= Laserpitium thapsiiforme Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 427 (1804)
= Laserpitium thapsioides Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 252 (1798)
= Prangos thapsioides (Desf.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 240 (1830)
= Thapsia laserpitii Spreng.; Sp. Umbell.: 32 (1818), nom. superfl.
= Elaeoselinum tunetanum Brullo, Miniss. & Terrasi; Bocconea 16(2): 573 (2003) (tentative synonym)
species :
Thapsia transtagana Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 468 (1804)
Distribution: E- & S-Portugal; C- & S-Spain; Baleares; Morocco; ?Tunisia
12 BAL POR SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Laserpitium decussatum (Lag.) Calest.; Martelli, Webbia 1: 271 (1905)
= Laserpitium transtaganum (Brot.) Calest.; Martelli, Webbia 1: 271 (1905)
= Thapsia decussata Lag.; Gen. et Sp. Nov. 12 (1816)
= Thapsia garganica subsp. decussata (Lag.) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc. 2: 549 (1932)
= Thapsia garganica var. decussata (Lag.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 202 (1830)
species :
Thapsia villosa L.; Sp. Pl. 261 (1753)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares (Menorca); S-France; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 BAL FRA GIB POR SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Laserpitium villosum (L.) Calest.; Martelli, Webbia 1: 271 (1905)
= Thapsia laciniata Rouy; Illustr. Pl. E. t. 431 (1903)
= Thapsia maxima Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8, no. 2 (1768)
= Thapsia microcarpa Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 312 (1874)
= Thapsia stenoptera Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 312 (1874)
= Thapsia villosa subsp. maxima (Mill.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., 38 Bot. 1: 84 (1974)
= Thapsia villosa var. laciniata (Rouy) O.Bolòs & Vigo; But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., 38 Bot. 1: 84 (1974)
= Thapsia villosa var. latifolia Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 255 (1840)
= Thapsia villosa var. microcarpa (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Alger., Dicot. 372 (1889)
= Thapsia villosa var. platyphyllos Franco & P.Silva; Nova Fl. Portugal. 1: 554, 540 (1971)
= Thapsia villosa var. stenoptera (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Alger., Dicot. 372 (1889)
variant :
var. dissecta Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 255 (1840)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Thapsia dissecta (Boiss.) Arán & Mateo; Flora Montiber. 20: 17 (2002)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life