2. Fauna and flora Bantry has a wide range of plant and ... - Bantry.ie
2. Fauna and flora Bantry has a wide range of plant and ... - Bantry.ie
2. Fauna and flora Bantry has a wide range of plant and ... - Bantry.ie
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<strong>2.</strong> <strong>Fauna</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>flora</strong><br />
<strong>Bantry</strong> <strong>has</strong> a <strong>wide</strong> <strong>range</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>plant</strong> <strong>and</strong> animal spec<strong>ie</strong>s. This section contains illustrated<br />
p<strong>ie</strong>ces about the breeding & wintering seabirds <strong>and</strong> mammals <strong>of</strong> <strong>Bantry</strong>, plus a short<br />
biography <strong>of</strong> Irel<strong>and</strong>’s first female botanist, Ellen Hutchins.<br />
There are also spec<strong>ie</strong>s lists in relation to the <strong>flora</strong> <strong>and</strong> fauna recorded by surveyors in<br />
2009/2010. These include lists <strong>of</strong> all flower <strong>and</strong> bird spec<strong>ie</strong>s seen plus mammals,<br />
bees, butterfl<strong>ie</strong>s, inter-tidal molluscs, lichens <strong>and</strong> grassl<strong>and</strong> fungi. These lists reflect<br />
the interest <strong>and</strong> expertise <strong>of</strong> the surveyors: there are many more spec<strong>ie</strong>s out there to be<br />
found, especially invertebrates such as beetles <strong>and</strong> spiders.<br />
Ellen Hutchins (1785-1815).<br />
Ellen Hutchins is thought to have been Irel<strong>and</strong>’s first female botanist. She was born<br />
in 1785 <strong>and</strong> lived at Ballylickey <strong>and</strong> then Ardnagashel. She suffered from ill health<br />
<strong>and</strong> her doctor recommended that she interest herself in an outdoor activity such as<br />
botany. She took this advice to heart <strong>and</strong> began a study <strong>of</strong> botany including seaweeds,<br />
lichens <strong>and</strong> mosses. During her short life she collected many rare <strong>and</strong> interesting<br />
spec<strong>ie</strong>s which she sent to people such as Mr Dawson Turner, an English botanist who<br />
had stud<strong>ie</strong>d at Cambridge <strong>and</strong> Mr James Mackey, curator <strong>of</strong> the National Botanic<br />
Gardens in Glasnevin. In time she became a noted figure in botanical circles as a<br />
results <strong>of</strong> her finds in <strong>and</strong> around <strong>Bantry</strong>. She found many new spec<strong>ie</strong>s <strong>and</strong> her role in<br />
finding them was recognised by naming many <strong>of</strong> them after her e.g. a liverwort<br />
(Jungermannia hutchinsiae) several seaweeds (e.g. Conferva hutchinsiae <strong>and</strong><br />
Orthotrichum hutchensiae) <strong>and</strong> some lichens (e.g. Lecania hutchinsiae, Pertusaria<br />
hutchinsiae <strong>and</strong> Enterographa hutchinsiae).<br />
Between 1807 <strong>and</strong> 1814 she corresponded with Dawson Turner <strong>and</strong> a selection have<br />
been published by the National Botanic Gardens, Dublin in ‘Early Observations on<br />
the Flora <strong>of</strong> Southwest Irel<strong>and</strong>’. Her original letters are kept in Trinity College<br />
Library Cambridge <strong>and</strong> his in the Royal Botanic Gardens Library, Kew. Ms Hutchin’s<br />
botanical collections also reside mainly in Kew.<br />
She d<strong>ie</strong>d aged 30 <strong>and</strong> is bur<strong>ie</strong>d in the old Church <strong>of</strong> Irel<strong>and</strong> graveyard (Garryvurcha<br />
Burial Ground) in <strong>Bantry</strong>. Relatives <strong>of</strong> Ellen’s still live in Ardnagashel
<strong>Bantry</strong> Biodiversity Audit <strong>and</strong> Management Plan, 2010-2015<br />
<strong>2.</strong>1 Breeding <strong>and</strong> wintering sea birds <strong>and</strong> waders<br />
Horse Isl<strong>and</strong>, a small boulder isl<strong>and</strong>, between<br />
Whiddy <strong>and</strong> the Golf Course, <strong>has</strong> supported<br />
an important colony <strong>of</strong> common terns since at<br />
least 1995. The peak count <strong>of</strong> nests was 143 in<br />
June 2009 (including some arctic terns). They<br />
shifted here from Chapel Isl<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Cusroe, a<br />
shingle spit at the south-east tip <strong>of</strong> Whiddy in<br />
the 1990s. One pair <strong>of</strong> common tern nested on<br />
Cusroe in 2009, the first in around 15 years.<br />
Back in the 1950s, 60s <strong>and</strong> 70s, terns in<br />
<strong>Bantry</strong> Bay were found mainly on Roancarrig<br />
More <strong>of</strong>f the east end <strong>of</strong> Bere Isl<strong>and</strong>. This is typical tern behaviour i.e.<br />
to ab<strong>and</strong>on sites for no apparent reason <strong>and</strong> shift to new ones. The<br />
current site, Horse Isl<strong>and</strong>, supports one <strong>of</strong> the largest common tern<br />
colon<strong>ie</strong>s in the Republic.<br />
One unique feature in inner <strong>Bantry</strong> Bay is the remains <strong>of</strong><br />
the Whiddy jetty which was partially destroyed when the<br />
oil tanker Betelguese exploded in 1979 with loss <strong>of</strong> 49<br />
lives. The remains <strong>of</strong> the jetty are now home to 70-80<br />
pairs <strong>of</strong> shag, around 20 pairs <strong>of</strong> black guillemot <strong>and</strong><br />
some gulls. The population <strong>of</strong> black guillemot is<br />
particularly noteworthy. Other nesting seabirds in the bay<br />
include cormorants, mainly on Lousy Castle Isl<strong>and</strong> (near<br />
Whiddy) <strong>and</strong> Sheelane Isl<strong>and</strong> (near Garinish West). In<br />
2006, there were 60 pairs on Sheelane Is <strong>and</strong> 10 pairs on<br />
Lousy Castle Isl<strong>and</strong>. Other birds nesting on the isl<strong>and</strong>s<br />
include gull (e.g. black-headed gull, herring gull, lesser<br />
black-backed gull <strong>and</strong> greater black-backed gull),<br />
oystercatchers <strong>and</strong> ringed plover. The outer bay supports<br />
additional breeding seabird spec<strong>ie</strong>s such as fulmar <strong>and</strong><br />
razorbill.<br />
Many seabirds feed in the bay <strong>and</strong> seabird watches from headl<strong>and</strong>s carr<strong>ie</strong>d out by CMRC<br />
(Roycr<strong>of</strong>t et al, 2007) indicated that Manx Shearwaters <strong>and</strong> Gannets were the most<br />
frequently recorded seabirds in the outer bay, while Guillemot <strong>and</strong> Razorbill, dominated<br />
the spec<strong>ie</strong>s assemblage at the more inshore sites. Other feeding birds recorded in the<br />
survey include Red-throated Diver, Great-northern Diver, Cormorant, Fulmar, European<br />
Shag <strong>and</strong> gulls. The CMRC survey indicated that inner <strong>Bantry</strong> Bay is particularly<br />
important for seabirds in winter, presumably because <strong>of</strong> the shelter it <strong>of</strong>fers.<br />
The small estuary in <strong>Bantry</strong> town supports many gulls<br />
in winter, especially Black-Headed Gulls, <strong>and</strong> a good<br />
number <strong>of</strong> rare migrant gulls have been spotted there.<br />
These rare gulls include Icel<strong>and</strong>, Mediterranean,<br />
American Herring, Ring-billed, Glaucous <strong>and</strong> Little<br />
Gull (www.bto.org). Also feeding on estuarine mud<br />
in winter are small numbers <strong>of</strong> waders such as Red<br />
Shank <strong>and</strong> Oystercatcher.<br />
1
<strong>2.</strong>2 Mammals<br />
<strong>Bantry</strong> Biodiversity Audit <strong>and</strong> Management Plan, 2010-2015<br />
Terrestrial mammals<br />
All the common mammals are found in <strong>and</strong> around <strong>Bantry</strong><br />
e.g. fox, badger, hedgehog, rabbit, bank voles, Irish stoat <strong>and</strong><br />
mice. Even Sika deer have been spotted in the town. Otters<br />
can also be seen, although it is more likely you will see their<br />
droppings (spraints). These<br />
spraints can be seen, for<br />
example, at the shingle beach<br />
by the airstrip.<br />
<strong>Bantry</strong> also <strong>has</strong> populations <strong>of</strong><br />
several bat spec<strong>ie</strong>s. Pipistrelle bats are common in many<br />
buildings in the area. Small colon<strong>ie</strong>s <strong>of</strong> Brown Longeared<br />
bats occur in both St Brendan’s Church <strong>and</strong> St<br />
Finbarr’s Church. Leislers <strong>and</strong> Lesser Horseshoe Bats<br />
can be found at <strong>Bantry</strong> House <strong>and</strong> Daubentons may be<br />
seen skimming the surface <strong>of</strong> rivers such as the Ouvane.<br />
Other bat spec<strong>ie</strong>s are probably present but have not been<br />
recorded to date.<br />
Marine mammals<br />
<strong>Bantry</strong> Bay supports one <strong>of</strong> the largest common (or<br />
harbour) seal colon<strong>ie</strong>s in the Republic <strong>of</strong> Irel<strong>and</strong>.<br />
Between Whiddy, Glengarriff Harbour <strong>and</strong> Garinish West<br />
there can be up to 400 common seals hauled out on rocky<br />
islets. Due to the importance <strong>of</strong> this population part <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Bantry</strong> Bay (Glengarriff Harbour) is designated as a<br />
Special Area <strong>of</strong> Conservation. Grey seals are occasionally<br />
seen in the inner bay although they prefer the headl<strong>and</strong>s<br />
towards the mouth <strong>of</strong> the bay.<br />
According to the Irish Whale <strong>and</strong> Dolphin Group website<br />
(www.iwdg.<strong>ie</strong>), a <strong>range</strong> <strong>of</strong> whales <strong>and</strong> dolphins (cetaceans) have been recorded in<br />
inner <strong>Bantry</strong> Bay. Spec<strong>ie</strong>s most commonly seen are porpoise, common dolphin,<br />
bottle-nose dolphin <strong>and</strong> minke whale. Basking shark,<br />
a large spec<strong>ie</strong>s <strong>of</strong> fish, is also seen occasionally.<br />
Spec<strong>ie</strong>s seen only very rarely in the inner bay include:<br />
sperm whale, pilot whale, Risso’s dolphin, Atlantic<br />
white-sided dolphin <strong>and</strong> Northern bottlenose whale.<br />
Ocasionally cetacean spec<strong>ie</strong>s have been known to<br />
str<strong>and</strong> in bay, most recently two northern bottlenose<br />
whales. This is a deep water, <strong>of</strong>fshore spec<strong>ie</strong>s <strong>of</strong><br />
whale but on the 27 th August two live str<strong>and</strong>ed on<br />
Cusroe, Whiddy <strong>and</strong> subsequently d<strong>ie</strong>d.<br />
2
<strong>Bantry</strong> Biodiversity Audit <strong>and</strong> Management Plan, 2010-2015<br />
Annex 1: Spec<strong>ie</strong>s lists for <strong>Bantry</strong><br />
1. Flowering <strong>plant</strong>s <strong>and</strong> ferns<br />
(Jenny Seawright, Megan Morris, Sue Cobley,<br />
Abi Brewer, Caroline Hurley, Clare Heardman,<br />
2009)<br />
Common name Latin name<br />
*introduced spec<strong>ie</strong>s<br />
Alder Alnus glutinosa<br />
*Alex<strong>and</strong>ers Smyrnium olusatrum<br />
*American<br />
Willowherb Epilobium ciliatum<br />
Annual Meadowgrass<br />
Poa annua<br />
Annual Pearlwort Sagina apetala<br />
Annual Sea-blite Suaeda maritima<br />
Apple Malus sp<br />
Ash Fraxinus excelsior<br />
Aspen Populus tremula<br />
Autumn Hawkbit Leontodon autumnalis<br />
Babington’s Orache Atriplex glabriuscula<br />
*Bamboo<br />
*Beech Fagus sylvatica<br />
Bell Heather Erica cinerea<br />
Bilberry Vaccinium myrtilus<br />
Bird’s-foot Trefoil Lotus corniculatus<br />
Biting Stonecrop Sedum acre<br />
Bittersweet Solanum dulcamara<br />
Black Medick Medicago lupulina<br />
*Black Mustard Brassica nigra<br />
Blackthorn Prunus spinosa<br />
Bog Asphodel<br />
Narthecium<br />
ossifragum<br />
Bog Myrtle Myrica gale<br />
Bog Stitchwort Stellaria uliginosa<br />
Bracken Pteridium aquilinum<br />
Bramble Rubus agg.<br />
Broad-leaved Dock<br />
Broad-leaved<br />
Rumex obtusifolius<br />
Willowherb Epilobium montanum<br />
Brooklime Veronica beccabunga<br />
Broom Cytisus scoparius<br />
Bulrush Typha latifolia<br />
Bush Vetch Vicia sepium<br />
*Butterfly Bush Buddleja davidii<br />
*Cabbage-palm Cordyline australis<br />
*Camellia Camellia sp.<br />
Carnation Sedge Carex panicea<br />
Cat’s-ear Hypochaeris radicata<br />
Chamomile Chamaemelum nobile<br />
Charlock Sinapsis arvensis<br />
Cherry Prunus sp<br />
*Cherry Laurel Prunus laurocerasus<br />
Cleavers Galium aparine<br />
Clustered Dock Rumex conglomeratus<br />
Cock’s-foot Dactylis glomerata<br />
3<br />
Colt’s-foot Tussilago farfara<br />
Columbine Aquilegia vulgaris<br />
Common Bent Agrostis capillaris<br />
Common Bird’s-foottrefoil<br />
Lotus corniculatus<br />
Common Centaury Centaurium erythraea<br />
Common Couch Elytrigia repens<br />
Common Dog-violet Viola canina<br />
Common Duckweed Lemna minor<br />
Common F<strong>ie</strong>ldspeedwell<br />
Veronica persica<br />
Common Figwort Scrophularia nodosa<br />
Common Ivy Hedera helix<br />
Common Knapweed Centaurea nigra<br />
*Common Mallow Malva sylvestris<br />
Common Marshbedstraw<br />
Galium palustre<br />
Common Mouse-ear Cerastium fontanum<br />
Common Nettle Urtica dioica<br />
Common Ragwort Senecio jacobaea<br />
Common Rampingfumitory<br />
Fumaria muralis<br />
Common<br />
Scurvygrass Cochlearia <strong>of</strong>ficinalis<br />
Common Sorrel Rumex acetosa<br />
Common Valerian Valeriana <strong>of</strong>ficinalis<br />
Common Vetch<br />
Vicia sativa subsp.<br />
Segetalis<br />
Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria<br />
Cow Parsley Anthriscus sylvestris<br />
Crab Apple Malus sylvestris<br />
Creeping Bent Agrostis stolonifera<br />
Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens<br />
Creeping Cinquefoil Potentilla reptans<br />
Creeping Thistle Cirsium arvense<br />
Creeping Willow Salix repens<br />
Cross-leaved Heath Erica tetralix<br />
Cucko<strong>of</strong>lower Cardamine pratensis<br />
Rumex crispus subsp.<br />
Curled Dock<br />
crispus<br />
Curled Dock<br />
Cut-leaved Crane’s-<br />
Rumex crispus subsp.<br />
littoreus<br />
bill Geranium dissectum<br />
*Cypress Cupressus sp.<br />
Daisy Bellis perennis<br />
D<strong>and</strong>elion Taraxacum agg.<br />
Danish Scurvygrass Cochlearia danica<br />
Deer-grass Scirpus cespitosus<br />
Devil’s-bit Scabious Succisa pratensis<br />
Dog-rose Rosa canina agg.<br />
Downy Birch Betula pubescens<br />
Early Hair-grass Aira praecox<br />
Elder Sambucus nigra<br />
Elm Ulmus agg.<br />
Enchanter’s Circaea lutetiana
<strong>Bantry</strong> Biodiversity Audit <strong>and</strong> Management Plan, 2010-2015<br />
Nightshade<br />
English Stonecrop Sedum anglicum<br />
*Evening Primrose Oenothera agg.<br />
Eyebright Euphrasia agg.<br />
False Brome Brachypodium<br />
sylvaticum<br />
False Fox-sedge Carex otrubae<br />
False Oat-Grass Arrhenatherum elatius<br />
Fat-hen Chenopodium album<br />
*Feverfew Tanacatum partenium<br />
F<strong>ie</strong>ld Bindweed Convolvulus arvensis<br />
F<strong>ie</strong>ld Pansy Viola arvensis<br />
Floating Sweet-grass Glyceria fluitans<br />
Fool’s-water-cress Apium nodiflorum<br />
Foxglove Digitalis purpurea<br />
*Fuchsia<br />
*Garden Grape-<br />
Fuchsia magellanica<br />
hyacinth Muscari armeniacum<br />
*Garden Privet<br />
Germ<strong>and</strong>er<br />
Ligustrum ovalifolium<br />
Speedwell Veronica chamaedrys<br />
*Giant-rhubarb Gunnera tinctoria<br />
Goat Willow Salix capraea<br />
Gorse Ulex europaeus<br />
Great Horsetail<br />
Greater Bird’s-foot –<br />
Equisetum telmateia<br />
trefoil Lotus uliginosus<br />
*Greater Periwinkle Vinca major<br />
Greater Plantain Plantago major<br />
Green-ribbed Sedge Carex binervis<br />
Grey Sedge Carex divulsa<br />
*Ground Elder Aegopodium<br />
podagraria<br />
Groundsel Senecio vulgaris<br />
Guelder-rose Viburnum opulus<br />
Hairy Bitter-cress Cardamine hirsuta<br />
Hairy Tare Vicia hirsuta<br />
Hard Fern Blechnum spicant<br />
Hart’s-tongue fern Phyllitis<br />
scolopendrium<br />
Hawkweed H<strong>ie</strong>racium sp.<br />
Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna<br />
Hazel Corylus avellana<br />
Heath Bedstraw Galium saxatile<br />
Heath Milkwort Polygala serpyllifolia<br />
*Hebe Hebe sp<br />
Hedge Bindweed Calystegia sepium<br />
Hedge Mustard Sisymbrium <strong>of</strong>ficinale<br />
Hedge Woundwort<br />
Hemlock Water-<br />
Stachys sylvatica<br />
dropwort Oenanthe crocata<br />
Geranium<br />
Herb-Robert robertianum<br />
*Himalayan<br />
Leycesteria formosa<br />
Honeysuckle<br />
*Himalayan<br />
Knotweed Persicaria wallichii<br />
Hoary Willowherb Epilobium parviflorum<br />
Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium<br />
Holly Ilex aquifolium<br />
Lonicera<br />
Honeysuckle periclymenum<br />
*Horse Chestnut Aesculus<br />
hippocastanum<br />
*Hyd<strong>range</strong>a Hyd<strong>range</strong>a sp.<br />
Irish Spurge<br />
*Italian Lords-<strong>and</strong>-<br />
Euphorbia hyberna<br />
Lad<strong>ie</strong>s Arum italicum<br />
*Italian Rye-grass Lolium multiflorum<br />
Ranunculus<br />
Ivy-leaved Crowfoot hederaceus<br />
Ivy-leaved Toadflax Cymbalaria muralis<br />
*Japanese Knotweed Fallopia japonica<br />
*Japanese Rose Rosa rugosa<br />
Kidney Vetch Anthyllis vulneraria<br />
Knotgrass Polygonum aviculare<br />
Lady Fern Athyrium filix-femina<br />
*Large Bindweed Calystegia silvatica<br />
Large-flowered Pinguicula<br />
Butterwort<br />
gr<strong>and</strong>i<strong>flora</strong><br />
Lesser Cel<strong>and</strong>ine Ranunculus ficaria<br />
Lesser Hawkbit Leontodon saxatilis<br />
Lesser Sea-spurrey Spergularia marina<br />
Lesser Spearwort Ranunculus flammula<br />
Lesser Stitchwort Stellaria graminea<br />
Lesser Swine-cress Coronopus didymus<br />
Lesser Trefoil Trifolium dubium<br />
*Lime Tilia cordata<br />
Ling Calluna vulgaris<br />
Lousewort Pedicularis sylvatica<br />
Maidenhair<br />
Asplenium<br />
Spleenwort<br />
trichomanes<br />
*Maple Acer sp.<br />
Gnaphalium<br />
Marsh Cudweed uliginosum<br />
Alopecurus<br />
Marsh Foxtail geniculatus<br />
Marsh Thistle Cirsium palustre<br />
Marsh Violet Viola palustris<br />
Marsh Woundwort Stachys palustris<br />
Meadow Brome Bromus commutatus<br />
Meadow Buttercup Ranunculus acris<br />
Meadow Vetchling Lathyrus pratensis<br />
Meadowsweet<br />
Medium-flowered<br />
Filipendula ulmaria<br />
Winter-cress Barbarea intermedia<br />
Erigeron<br />
*Mexican Fleabane<br />
*Mind-your-own-<br />
karvinskianus<br />
business Soleirolia soleirolii<br />
*Monkeyflower Mimulus guttatus<br />
*Montbretia (C. Crocosmia x<br />
aurea x pottsii) crocosmii<strong>flora</strong><br />
Nipplewort Lapsana communis<br />
*Oat Avena sativa<br />
Opposite-leaved Chrysosplenium<br />
1
<strong>Bantry</strong> Biodiversity Audit <strong>and</strong> Management Plan, 2010-2015<br />
Golden Saxifrage oppositifolium<br />
Orache Atriplex sp.<br />
*O<strong>range</strong>-barked<br />
myrtle<br />
Myrtus apicaria<br />
Oval Sedge Carex ovalis<br />
Oxeye Daisy Leucanthemum<br />
vulgare<br />
Pale Butterwort Pinguicula lusitianica<br />
*Pale Pink-sorrel Oxalis incarnata<br />
*Pendulous Sedge Carex pendula<br />
Pendunculate Oak Quercus robur<br />
Perennial Sow-thistle Sonchus arvensis<br />
Pineappleweed Chamomilla<br />
suaveolens<br />
*Pink-sorrel Oxalis articulata<br />
Polypody Polypodium sp.<br />
Prickly Sow-thistle Sonchus asper<br />
Primrose<br />
Procumbent<br />
Primula vulgaris<br />
Pearlwort Sagina procumbens<br />
Purple Moor-grass Molinia caerulea<br />
*Purple-leaved Pink- Oxalis corniculata<br />
sorrel<br />
var. atropurpurea<br />
Purple-loosestrife Lythrum salicaria<br />
Quaking Grass Briza media<br />
Ragged robin Lychnis flos-cuculi<br />
*Rape Brassica napus<br />
Red Campion Silene dioica<br />
Red Clover Trifolium pratense<br />
Red Fescue Festuca rubra<br />
Red Goosefoot Chenopodium rubrum<br />
*Red Valerian Centranthus ruber<br />
Reed Sweet-grass Glyceria maxima<br />
Remote Sedge Carex remota<br />
Rhododendron<br />
*Rhododendron ponticum<br />
Ribwort Plantain Plantago lanceolata<br />
Rock Samphire Crithmum maritimum<br />
Epilobium<br />
Rosebay Willowherb angustifolium<br />
Rough Meadow-grass Poa trivialis<br />
Rowan Sorbus aucuparia<br />
Royal Fern Osmundia regalis<br />
Scaly Male Fern Dryopteris affinis<br />
Scarlet Pimpernel Anagallis arvensis<br />
Anagallis arvensis<br />
Scarlet Pimpernel subsp. arvensis<br />
Tripleurospermum<br />
Scentless Mayweed inodorum<br />
Scot’s Pine Pinus sylvestris<br />
Beta vulgaris subsp.<br />
Sea Beet<br />
maritima<br />
Sea Campion Silene vulgaris subsp.<br />
maritima<br />
Sea Fern-grass Catapodium marinum<br />
Sea Mayweed Matricaria maritima<br />
Sea Plantain Plantago maritima<br />
Sea Radish Raphanus<br />
2<br />
Sea Rush<br />
raphanistrum subsp.<br />
maritimus<br />
Juncus maritimus<br />
Sea S<strong>and</strong>wort Honckenya peploides<br />
Selfheal Prunella vulgaris<br />
Sessile Oak Quercus petraea<br />
Sharp-flowered Rush Juncus acutiflorus<br />
Sheep’s Fescue Festuca ovina<br />
Sheep’s Sorrel Rumex acetosella<br />
Sheep’s-bit Scabious Jasione Montana<br />
Capsella bursa-<br />
Shepherd’s-purse pastoris<br />
Shining Crane’s-bill Geranium lucidum<br />
Silverweed Potentilla anserina<br />
Small Sweet-grass<br />
Smooth Hawk’s-<br />
Glyceria declinata<br />
beard<br />
Smooth Meadow-<br />
Crepis capillaris<br />
grass Poa pratensis<br />
Smooth Sow-thistle Sonchus oleraceus<br />
*Snowberry Symphoricarpos albus<br />
S<strong>of</strong>t Sh<strong>ie</strong>ld-fern Polystichum setiferum<br />
S<strong>of</strong>t-brome Bromus hordeaceus<br />
S<strong>of</strong>t-rush Juncus effusus<br />
Polypodium<br />
Southern Polypody cambricum<br />
Spear Thistle Cirsium vulgare<br />
Spear-leaved Orache Atriplex prostrata<br />
Spike-rush Eleocharis sp.<br />
Spindle Euonymus europaeus<br />
Square-stalked St. Hypericum<br />
John’s Wort tetrapterum<br />
*Sweet Chestnut Castanea sativa<br />
Anthoxanthum<br />
Sweet Vernal-grass odoratum<br />
Swinecress Coronopus squamatus<br />
*Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus<br />
Tall Fescue Festuca arundinacea<br />
Teasel<br />
*Three-cornered<br />
Dipsacus fullonum<br />
Garlic<br />
Thyme-leaved<br />
Allium triquetrum<br />
Speedwell Veronica serpyllifolia<br />
Toad Rush<br />
Trailing St John’s-<br />
Juncus bufonius<br />
wort Hypericum humifusum<br />
Trailing Tormentil Potentilla anglica<br />
*Traveller’s-joy Clematis vitalba<br />
Tufted Vetch Vicia cracca<br />
*Turnip Brassica rapa<br />
Tutsan Hypericum<br />
<strong>and</strong>rosaemum<br />
*Two-rowed Barley<br />
Upright Hedge-<br />
Hordeum distichon<br />
parsley Torilis japonica<br />
Wall Speedwell Veronica arvensis<br />
*Wallflower Erysimum cheiri<br />
Wall-rue Asplenium ruta-
<strong>Bantry</strong> Biodiversity Audit <strong>and</strong> Management Plan, 2010-2015<br />
Water Mint<br />
muraria<br />
Mentha aquatica<br />
Rorippa nasturtium-<br />
Water-cress<br />
aquaticum<br />
Water Horsetail Euisetum fluviatile<br />
Water-pepper Persicaria hydropiper<br />
Alisma <strong>plant</strong>ago-<br />
Water-<strong>plant</strong>ain aquatica<br />
Water-purslane Lythrum portula<br />
Water-starwort Callitriche agg.<br />
Wavy Bitter-cress Cardamine flexuosa<br />
Wavy Hair-grass Deschampsia flexuosa<br />
Weld Reseda luteola<br />
*White Campion Silene latifolia<br />
White Clover Trifolium repens<br />
*White Stonecrop Sedum album<br />
White-beaked Sedge Ryncospora alba<br />
White Water-lily Nymphaea alba<br />
Wild Angelica Angelica sylvestris<br />
Wild Carrot Daucus carota<br />
Wild Strawberry Fragaria vesca<br />
*Winter Heliotrope Petasites fragrans<br />
Wood Avens Geum urbanum<br />
Wood Dock Rumex sanguineus<br />
Wood Sedge Carex sylvatica<br />
Wood Speedwell Veronica montana<br />
Wych Elm Ulmus glabra<br />
Yarrow Achillea millefolium<br />
Yellow Iris Iris pseudacorus<br />
Yellow Loosestrife Lysimachia vulgaris<br />
Yellow Pimpernel Lysimachia nemorum<br />
Yew Taxus baccata<br />
Yorkshire-fog Holcus lanatus<br />
<strong>2.</strong> Marine (intertidal) algae<br />
Toothed Wrack Fucus serratus<br />
Bladder Wrack Fucus vesiculosis<br />
Fucus Ceranoides<br />
Knotted Wrack Ascophyllum<br />
Nodosum<br />
Enteromorpha<br />
intestinalis<br />
Channelled Wrack Pelvetia canaliculata<br />
Sea-lettuce Ulva lactuca<br />
Cladophora rupestris<br />
Porphyra umbilicalis<br />
Polysiphonia lanosa<br />
3<br />
3. Grassl<strong>and</strong> fungi<br />
(Mitchel, 2007)<br />
Sites: <strong>Bantry</strong> House & St Finbarr’s Catholic<br />
Church<br />
Calocybe carnea<br />
Clavaria acuta<br />
Clavaria fumosa<br />
Clavaria straminea<br />
Clavulinopsis corniculata<br />
Clavulinopsis helvola<br />
Clavulinopsis laeticolor<br />
Clavulinopsis luteoalba<br />
Coprinus comatus<br />
Coprinus disseminatus<br />
Cystoderma amianthinum<br />
Dermoloma cuneifolium var. cuneifolium<br />
Entoloma chalybaeum var. chalybaeum<br />
Entoloma conferendum<br />
Ganoderma australe<br />
Hygrocybe berkeleyi<br />
Hygrocybe calyptriformis<br />
Hygrocybe cantharellus<br />
Hygrocybe ceracea<br />
Hygrocybe chlorophana<br />
Hygrocybe citrinovirens<br />
Hygrocybe coccinea<br />
Hygrocybe conica var. conica<br />
Hygrocybe flavipes<br />
Hygrocybe glutinipes var. glutinipes<br />
Hygrocybe insipida<br />
Hygrocybe irrigate<br />
Hygrocybe pratensis<br />
Hygrocybe psittacina var. psittacina<br />
Hygrocybe punicea<br />
Hygrocybe reidii<br />
Hygrocybe virginea var. virginea<br />
Hypholoma fasciculare<br />
Inocybe geophylla var. lilacina<br />
Laccaria laccata<br />
Lepiota cristata<br />
Oudemans<strong>ie</strong>lla mucida<br />
Porpoloma metapodium<br />
Rickenella fibula<br />
Russula sanguinea<br />
Stereum hirsutum<br />
Trametes versicolor<br />
Vascellum pratense
4. Lichens<br />
(Jenny Seawight, 2009)<br />
<strong>Bantry</strong> Biodiversity Audit <strong>and</strong> Management Plan, 2010-2015<br />
Aspicilia contorta<br />
Caloplaca citrina<br />
Caloplaca flavescens<br />
Caloplaca flavovirescens<br />
Caloplaca marina<br />
Caloplaca maritima<br />
Caloplaca microthallina<br />
Caloplaca ochracea<br />
C<strong>and</strong>elar<strong>ie</strong>lla vitellina<br />
Cladonia spp.<br />
Collema auriforme<br />
Collema fuscovirens<br />
Collema tenax<br />
Lecanora campestris<br />
Lecanora chlarotera<br />
Lecanora gangaleoides<br />
Lecanora muralis<br />
Lecidella elaeochroma<br />
Lepraria lobificans<br />
Lichina pygmaea<br />
Ochrolechia parella<br />
Opegrapha calcarea<br />
Parmotrema perlatum<br />
Pertusaria pseudocorallina<br />
Phaeophyscia orbicularis<br />
Physcia adscendens<br />
Physcia aipolia<br />
Physcia caesia<br />
Physcia tenella<br />
Protoblastenia rupestris<br />
Ramalina calicaris<br />
Ramalina canar<strong>ie</strong>nsis<br />
Ramalina farinacea<br />
Ramalina fastigiata<br />
Ramalina fraxinea<br />
Ramalina siliquosa<br />
Toninia aromatica<br />
Usnea esperantiana<br />
Verrucaria maura<br />
Verrucaria mucosa<br />
Verrucaria viridula<br />
Xanthoria ectaneoides<br />
Xanthoria par<strong>ie</strong>tina<br />
<strong>Bantry</strong> House Lichen List<br />
Bacidia rubella<br />
Botryolepraria lesdainii<br />
Cladonia coniocraea<br />
Collema furfuraceum<br />
Degelia atlantica<br />
Enterographa crassa<br />
Flavoparmelia caperata<br />
4<br />
Hypogymnia physodes<br />
Lecidella elaeochroma<br />
Lobaria scrobiculata<br />
Melanohalea exasperata<br />
Pannaria conoplea<br />
Parmelia saxatilis<br />
Parmelia sulcata<br />
Parmotrema crinitum<br />
Parmotrema perlatum<br />
Pertusaria albescens var. corallina<br />
Pertusaria hymenea<br />
Physcia leptalea<br />
Physcia tenella<br />
Punctelia subrudecta<br />
Pyrenula macrospora<br />
Ramalina farinacea<br />
Sticta limbata<br />
Usnea cornuta<br />
Usnea esperantiana<br />
5. Bees<br />
(Caroline Hurley, 2009)<br />
Bombus pascuorum<br />
Bombus jonellus<br />
Bombus hortorum<br />
Bombus leucorum<br />
Bombus hortum<br />
Bombus terrestris<br />
6. Butterfl<strong>ie</strong>s<br />
(Clare Heardman, 2009)<br />
Gatekeeper Pyronia tithonus<br />
Green-veined White P<strong>ie</strong>ris napi<br />
Holly Blue Celastrina argiolus<br />
Meadow Brown Maniola jurtina<br />
O<strong>range</strong> Tip Anthocharis cardamines<br />
Painted Lady Cynthia cardui<br />
Peacock Inachis io<br />
Red Admiral Vanessa atalanta<br />
Ringlet Aphantopus hyperantus<br />
Silver-washed<br />
Fritillary Argynnis paphia<br />
Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae<br />
Speckled Wood Pararge aegaria<br />
6. Molluscs (intertidal)<br />
(Gill Weyman, 2009)<br />
Common Mussel Mytilus edulis<br />
Dogwhelk Nucella lapillus<br />
Acorn Barnacle Semibalanus balanioides<br />
Barnacle Chthamalus montagui<br />
Beadlet Anemone Actinia equina<br />
Common Limpet Patella vulgata<br />
Flat Periwinkle Littorina littoralis<br />
Toothed Winkle Monodonta lineata<br />
Periwinkle Littorina sp.<br />
Tube-worm Pomatoceros triqueter
8. Birds<br />
(Michael Cobley, Megan<br />
Morris, Clare Heardman,<br />
Michael O’Riordan, 2009)<br />
Mute Swan<br />
Wigeon<br />
Mallard<br />
Common Scoter<br />
Red-breasted Merganser<br />
Goos<strong>and</strong>er<br />
Great-northern Diver<br />
Little Grebe<br />
Cormorant<br />
Shag<br />
Little Egret<br />
Grey Heron<br />
Sparrowhawk<br />
Kestrel<br />
Pheasant<br />
Moorhen<br />
Coot<br />
Oystercatcher<br />
Ringed Plover<br />
Dunlin<br />
Bar-tailed Godwit<br />
Curlew<br />
Redshank<br />
Greenshank<br />
Turnstone<br />
Snipe<br />
Mediterranean Gull<br />
Little Gull<br />
Black-headed Gull<br />
Ring-billed Gull<br />
Common Gull<br />
Herring Gull<br />
American Herring Gull<br />
Icel<strong>and</strong> Gull<br />
Glaucous Gull<br />
<strong>Bantry</strong> Biodiversity Audit <strong>and</strong> Management Plan, 2010-2015<br />
Greater Black-backed Gull R<br />
Kittiwake<br />
R<br />
Arctic Tern<br />
S<br />
Common Tern<br />
S<br />
Black Guillemot<br />
R<br />
Wood Pigeon<br />
R<br />
Collared Dove<br />
R<br />
Cuckoo<br />
S<br />
Long-eared owl<br />
R<br />
Barn Owl<br />
R<br />
Swift<br />
S<br />
Status<br />
Summering (S)<br />
Wintering (W)<br />
Resident (R)<br />
R<br />
W<br />
R<br />
W<br />
W<br />
W<br />
W<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
W/R<br />
W<br />
W<br />
W/R<br />
W<br />
W<br />
W/R<br />
R<br />
W<br />
W<br />
R<br />
W<br />
R<br />
R<br />
W<br />
W<br />
W<br />
5<br />
Swallow<br />
House Martin<br />
Kingfisher<br />
Meadow Pipit<br />
Skylark<br />
Rock Pipit<br />
Grey Wagtail<br />
P<strong>ie</strong>d Wagtail<br />
Dunnock<br />
Robin<br />
Stonechat<br />
Wheatear<br />
Blackbird<br />
F<strong>ie</strong>ldfare<br />
Song Thrush<br />
Mistle Thrush<br />
Redwing<br />
Dipper<br />
Wren<br />
Blackcap<br />
Sedge Warbler<br />
Grasshopper Warbler<br />
Willow Warbler<br />
Chiffchaff<br />
Goldcrest<br />
Spotted Flycatcher<br />
Coat Tit<br />
Blue Tit<br />
Great Tit<br />
Long-tailed Tit<br />
Treecreeper<br />
Jackdaw<br />
Rook<br />
Hooded Crow<br />
Raven<br />
Magp<strong>ie</strong><br />
Jay<br />
Starling<br />
House Sparrow<br />
Reed Bunting<br />
Chaffinch<br />
Goldfinch<br />
Greenfinch<br />
Siskin<br />
Linnet<br />
Lesser redpoll<br />
Bullfinch<br />
S<br />
S<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
S<br />
R<br />
W<br />
R<br />
R<br />
W<br />
R<br />
R<br />
S/R<br />
S<br />
S<br />
S<br />
S/R<br />
R<br />
S<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R<br />
R
9. Mammals<br />
Hedgehog<br />
<strong>Bantry</strong> Biodiversity Audit <strong>and</strong> Management Plan, 2010-2015<br />
Lesser Horseshoe Bat<br />
Erinaceus europaeus<br />
Rhinolophus<br />
hipposideros<br />
Daubenton’s Bat Myotis daubentii<br />
Pipistrelle sp. Pipistrellus sp.<br />
Leisler’s Bat Nyctalus leisleri<br />
Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus<br />
Fox<br />
Vulpes vulpes<br />
Irish Stoat<br />
Mustela erminea<br />
American Mink Mustela vison<br />
Badger<br />
Meles meles<br />
Otter<br />
Lutra lutra<br />
Common Seal Phoca vitulina<br />
Grey Seal<br />
Halichoerus grypus<br />
Common Dolphin Delphinuc delphis<br />
Harbour Porpoise Phocaena phocaena<br />
Bottle-nose Dolphin Tursiops truncatus<br />
Balaenoptera<br />
Minke Whale acutorostrata<br />
Northern Bottle-nose<br />
Whale<br />
Hyperoodon ampullatus<br />
Sika Deer<br />
Cervus nippon<br />
Red Squirrel Sciurus vulgaris<br />
Clethrionomys<br />
Bank Vole<br />
glareolus<br />
Brown Rat<br />
Rattus norvegicus<br />
House Mouse Mus domesticus<br />
Wood Mouse Apodemus sylvaticus<br />
Lepus timidus<br />
Irish Hare<br />
hibernicus<br />
Rabbit<br />
Oryctolagus cuniculus<br />
6
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