FLORA OF HASTINGS RESERVATION - Hastings Reserve

FLORA OF HASTINGS 

RESERVATION 

CARMEL VALLEY, CALIFORNIA 

by 

James R. Griffin 

Hastings Natural History Reservation 

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology 

University of California, Berkeley 

© Copyright 1990 by the Regents of the University of California 

Third Edition, 

Second Printing with corrections, March 1995 

Edited by Robert Berman, Mary Ann Matthews and Mark R. Stromberg 

Cover Illustration by Ruth Griffin 

1

I. INTRODUCTION 

CONTENTS 

Page 

DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESERVATION 3 

PLANT COLLECTING ON THE RESERVATION 3 

CONTRIBUTORS TO HASTINGS RESERVATION PLANT RECORDS 4 

GROWTH OF THE HERBARIUM AND SPECIES LIST 5 

DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF RESERVATION PLANTS 6 

FLORISTICS AND NUMBERS OF TAXA 7 

REGIONAL MAP OF HASTINGS, AND CARMEL VALLEY 8 

TOPOGRAPHIC MAP OF HASTINGS RESERVATION 9 

OUTLINE MAP OF HASTINGS WITH PLACE NAMES 10 

SYNONYMY 11 

II. CATALOG OF VASCULAR PLANTS 

PTERIDOPHYTA 14 

CONIFEROPHYTA 16 

DICOTYLEDONEAE 17 

MONOCOTYLEDONEAE 68 

III. REFERENCES 79 

IV. SPECIES INDEX 83 

2

I. INTRODUCTION 

A. DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESERVATION 

In 1929 the Russell P. Hastings family acquired a 664 hectare (1,640 acre) ranch in the Santa 

Lucia Range foothills of upper Carmel Valley (Figs. 1, 2). After running a modest sized cattle operation 

for a few years, they decided to put the property into some public service use. In 1937, through the 

generosity of Mrs. Frances Simes Hastings, the ranch became the Hastings Natural History Reservation. 

Since then the reservation continues to be managed by the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, 

University of California, Berkeley. Originally Mrs. Hastings, and more recently her daughter Mrs. Fanny 

Arnold, have continued to contribute significant operating funds for this University facility. 

Recognizing a need for natural areas devoted to research and education, the University of California 

included Hastings in what has become the Natural Reserve System, a network of over 30 research 

natural areas in California. Hastings was one of the original seven reserves dedicated in 1965. 

The goals of the reservation were originally stated by Joseph Grinnell in 1937 as ". . . to 

preserve an area in California's coastal region where native plants and animals may live undisturbed 

by human use of the land, and to promote continuous study of vertebrate animals " A more modern 

statement of the mission of the Hastings Reserve are in order of priority; 

1. To promote a productive mix of research and teaching in pristine and altered coastal 

California ecosystems, encouraging innovation while recognizing and continuing to 

facilitate the wide diversity of research questions and approaches that have built the 

foundations of our present knowledge. 

2. To preserve the greatest possible diversity of ecosystems, habitats, indigenous species 

and indigenous genotypes on the Hastings Natural History Reservation, for research, for 

teaching, and for posterity. 

3. To understand and contribute to the conservation of natural diversity in ecosystems 

adjacent to the boundaries of Hastings and the Monterey Peninsula as a whole. 

4. To the full extent possible compatible with the foregoing objectives, to serve as a 

facilitator for biological and conservation education of the general public and respond to 

opportunities for public education. 

In 1972 the University purchased 120 ha. (297 ac.) of US Bureau of Land Management property 

which was adjacent to the reservation. No additional plant species have been discovered yet on the 

BLM annex (Fig. 2). In 1984 Mrs. Fanny Arnold acquired a contiguous 127 ha. (316 ac.) ranch for use 

by the University. The vegetation and flora of this Robertson Annex (Fig. 2) closely resembles that on 

the main reservation; however, several new plant species have been found there. In 1988 the Hallisey 

property of 1.5 ha. (3.7 ac.), adjacent to the reservation on Finch Creek, was added to the reservation. 

The total area covered in this flora is 912 ha. (2,254 ac.). A scenic easement of about 40 ac. on 

Buckeye Hill (preventing construction of buildings) was dedicated to Hastings in 1993. 

B. PLANT COLLECTING ON THE RESERVATION 

From the beginning of research at Hastings Reservation in 1937 by Dr. Jean Linsdale and 

associates, extensive plant collections were made. Considering the reservation started as a vertebrate 

zoology field station, the effort put into collecting and identifying plants was commendable. Although 

the major collections involved vascular plants, nonvascular plants also received serious attention. 

Collections of lichens, liverworts and mosses were made in the late 1930s to 1970s and are maintained 

on the reservation. As time passed the resident zoologist and increasing numbers of botanical visitors 

also gathered ecological and distributional data on these plants. The main contributors to the plant 

records are listed in Table 1. 

3

TABLE 1. Main contributors to Hastings Reservation plant records. Initials (in parentheses) are used in 

citing specimens or notes in the annotations. 

_________________________________________________________________________________ 

________ 

Names Dates Contributions 

_________________________________________________________________________________ 

________ 

Sunny Cook, Wilma Cook (CC) 1946-48 758 specimens 

S. Cook, W. Cook, & F. Morrow 1946 20 specimens 

(CCM) 

James R. Griffin (JRG) 1967-1994 Some specimens, permanent- 

plot data, curatorial work. 

John Thomas Howell (JH) 1953 Some specimens 

Beatrice F. Howitt (BH) 1953-58 Some specimens, much curatorial 

work 

Walter D. Koenig (WK) 1976- Some specimens 

Jean M. Linsdale (JL) 1937-1950 Specimens, many notes 

Thomas Morley (M) 1941 461 specimens 

Thane A. Riney (TR) 1946-47 Some notes 

Suzanne Schettler (SS) 1985- Some specimens and notes 

G. Ledyard Stebbins, Jr. (GS) 1944 Some specimens, detailed 

notes on grasses 

Lloyd P. Tevis, Jr. (LT) 1939-51 Some specimens and notes 

P. Quintin Tomich (QT) 1948-52 408 specimens, detailed notes on 

many species 

Henry G. Weston, Jr. (HW) 1944 Some plant notes 

Keith L. White (KW) 1962-66 Data, permanent plots 

Josephine Zane (JZ) 1951-52 A few specimens and notes 

Robert Berman 1994-1995 Editorial Revisions, Updates 

_________________________________________________________________________________ 

________ 

Roxana S. Ferris and John Thomas Howell checked the identifications of a great many of the 

specimens. The specialists who checked selected plant groups are listed in TABLE 1. Additional 

contributors to the Hastings Reservation herbarium are listed in TABLE 2 with apologies to any 

contributors who have been overlooked. 

Dr. James Griffin contributed to the understanding of California’s plants for many years in 

ways which were recognized at his retirement. Jim was selected as a fellow by the California Native 

Plant Society in 1994 [Fremontia 22:3, 24] and an issue of Madrono was dedicated to Jim in 1994. 

One of California’s native hare bells Campanula griffinii was named to honor Jim by Nancy 

Morin in 1980 [Madroño 27:149-163]. Long out of print, but of lasting value, is the publication 

and maps prepared by Jim Griffin and William Critchfield [The Distribution of Forest Trees in 

California, USDA For. Ser. Res. Pap. PSW-82]. Jim’s careful observations of the plants of Hastings is 

reflected in this flora, in his herbarium maintained at Hastings, and in the minds and writings of 

his students, colleagues and friends. -Mark Stromberg, Hastings Reserve, Summer 1994 

The purpose of this edition has been to bring the Flora of Hastings Reservation into conformity 

with the Jepson Manual (l993). Grateful acknowledgment is made to: Mary E. Barkworth, Utah State 

University, Logan for her scheme of tribes for the genera of grasses; to John L. Strother, University 

of California, Berkeley, for his tribal scheme for the genera of composites; and to Robert D. Raabe, 

University of California, Berkeley, for supplying the revised name of the fungal parasite causing 

leaf blight in Western Sycamore. 

4

Robert J. Berman Hastings Natural History Reservation Summer l994 

5

TABLE 2. Specialists who identified various groups of vascular plants 

_________________________________________________________________________________ 

________ 

Carleton R. Ball Robert F. Hoover Frances W. Pennell 

Alan A. Beetle John Thomas Howell Clarence R. Quick 

Annetta Carter Beryl S. Jesperson Peter H. Raven 

Lincoln Constance David D. Keck Peter (Kamb) Ray 

Ethyl K. Crum Harland Lewis G. Thomas Robbins 

Carl Epling Herbert L. Mason Helen K. Sharsmith 

Roxanna S. Ferris Mildred E. Mathias G. Ledyard Stebbins 

Tom C. Fuller Howard E. McMinn Louis C. Wheeler 

Lawrence Heckard Nancy R. Morin 

Others contributing to collecting, mounting, or curating 

Janet F. Cahoon Art Homan 

Lydia F. Cahoon Enid A. Larson 

Gretchen Graves Mary Ann Linsdale 

Henry A. Hjersman Florence Morrow 

_________________________________________________________________________________ 

_________ 

C. GROWTH OF THE HERBARIUM AND SPECIES LIST 

By the 1950s over 3,000 plant specimens had accumulated, and collection of the reservation 

flora was approaching completeness. During this period Beatrice Howitt started mounting the plant 

specimens in standard format, and she converted the collection into a small but professional 

herbarium. Linsdale (1955) then organized all the vascular plant information and published a 

formal plant list with 563 species. Voucher specimens of many species were sent to the University 

Herbarium, U.C. Berkeley or the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. 

In 1962 Dr. Keith L. White joined the reservation staff as a plant ecologist, and in 1967 he was 

succeeded by Dr. James R. Griffin. White and Griffin found only limited additional plant species. 

Suzanne Schettler, the reservation steward for several years, added a number of new species to the 

herbarium. After Jim Griffin's retirement in 1993, Robert J. Berman of Pacific Grove edited the 

nomenclature used in Hickman (1993) and Berman provided the synonymy table for changes made 

in Hickman (1993). With the retirement of Jim Griffin, and cuts in staff at the University of 

California, Hastings lost the presence of a staff botanist. Further botanical studies will be conducted 

as possible by visiting faculty and research fellows. Label data and video images of specimens in 

the Hastings’ herbarium are scheduled for inclusion in the computerized database (SMASCH) 

maintained by UC-Berkeley (Jepson Herbarium, UC-Herbarium). 

A list reflecting nomenclatural changes and the additional species was compiled by Griffin in 

1972 and then revised in 1974. Availability of the 1974 list, which included 592 species, was 

announced in Madrono (Griffin 1974). Supplies of the 1974 list have long been exhausted. Further 

nomenclatural changes and additional new species (particularly on the BLM and Robertson 

annexes) have prompted the publication of this flora which includes some 600 species. In 1989 the 

herbarium was moved from old wooden cabinets into two new "Lane" metal cabinets. 

The Hastings herbarium has been listed in several compilations of California botanical 

collections, including the "List of California Herbaria and working collections" (Barbe and Fuller 

1987). The early establishment of base-line plant species lists (with voucher specimens in a secure 

herbarium) helped to document the decline and disappearance of many agricultural crop and 

weed species (largely from old-fields and gardens) and to detect the recent introduction of new 

weeds (mainly along roads and trails). For example, it would have been difficult to believe that 

6

Draba verna (a small European mustard) had been absent from the reservation prior to the 1960s 

if the reservation had not had decades of prior collecting efforts which had failed to find it. The 

herbarium and associated field notes also provide strong evidence that several weeds were 

introduced in the "bird seed" bait used in sparrow traps and gopher traps in Long Field in the 

1970s. 

D. DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF RESERVATION PLANTS 

Most of the distributional information available for reservation plants came from specimen 

labels and species notes compiled during the Jean Linsdale era.Other geographic data came from 

Keith White and James Griffin collections and short-term study plots. Quantitative data on the 

abundance and ecological importance of plants in specific plant communities (TABLE 3) are 

derived from permanent study plots and rodent-deer-cattle exclosures developed by Griffin (TABLE 

4). 

Data from the plots are cited in the species notes of the catalog. Within these notes "plots" 

generally refer to permanently marked 20 m. x 50 m. study areas that have been inventoried 

repeatedly for all identifiable vascular plants. 

In the species notes the following definitions apply for old-field plots and uncultivated plots: 

number of 20 m. x 50 m. plots with species "x" 

Presence % = ____________________________________________ x 100 

total number of plots 

When frequency is listed, it refers to the highest value found on a given plot during various 

floristic surveys between 1970 and 1978. 

TABLE 3. Plant communities on Hastings Reservation, nomenclature mainly from Barbour and Major 

(1977). Relative importance on the reservation indicated by: *** widespread and important, ** locally 

common, * minor. For more discussion of these communities see Griffin (1987). 

_________________________________________________________________________________ 

_________ 

MIXED EVERGREEN FOREST 

MIXED HARDWOOD FOREST 

* Quercus chrysolepis - Pinus coulteri forest common above 900 m. 

*** Quercus agrifolia - Arbutus forest common below 900 m. 

OAK WOODLAND 

FOOTHILL WOODLAND 

*** Coast Range valley oak phase (may be open Savanna) alluvial terraces, some gentle ridge 

tops up to 1,500 m. 

*** Coast Range blue oak phase (may be open Savanna) widespread below 800 m. 

NORTH SLOPE WOODLAND - CHAPARRAL 

* Buckeye - live oak phase (may include Prunus and Umbellularia) on some N. slopes, 

particularly on shale 

_________________________________________________________________________________ 

_________ 

7

TABLE 3. (continued) Plant communities on Hastings Reservation, nomenclature mainly from 

Barbour and Major (1977). Relative importance on the reservation indicated by: *** widespread 

and important, ** locally common, * minor. For more discussion of these communities see Griffin 

(1987). 

_________________________________________________________________________________ 

_________ 

CHAPARRAL 

*** Chamise chaparral, widespread on shallow soils of S. aspect < 1000 m. 

** Ceanothus chaparral -- often within chamise areas (rare on Hastings) 

VALLEY GRASSLAND 

* Perennial grassland (mostly Nassella) most conspicuous stands on very rocky or clay 

soils 

** Annual grassland (mostly Bromus, Avena ) on variety of soils 

SOUTHERN COASTAL SCRUB 

* Coastal Sage Scrub, on lower margins of chaparral (mostly Artemisia california ) 

RIPARIAN FOREST 

* Salix - Platanus phase along creeks in valleys or open canyons 

* Alnus - Acer phase. Along creeks in shady canyons. 

_________________________________________________________________________________ 

_________ 

E. FLORISTICS AND NUMBERS OF TAXA 

The numbers of vascular plant taxa collected on the reservation including the annexes are: 

Families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 

Genera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 

Native species . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428 

Introduced species . . . . . . . . . . . 139 

Inter-generic hybrids . . . . . . . . . . . 4 

Inter-specific hybrids . . . . . . . . . . 8 

Important and diverse families include: 

Asteraceae 50 genera 84 species 

Poaceae 30 genera 74 species 

Important and diverse genera include: 

Trifolium 14 species Cryptantha 8 species 

Mimulus 12 species Plagiobothrys 8 species 

Bromus 10 species Gnaphalium 8 species 

Lupinus 10 species 

Over the landscape as a whole the six Quercus oak tree species are the most conspicuous plants. 

Adenostoma fasciculatum shrubs dominate chaparral habitats. Avena and Bromus grasses dominate 

the grassland, although often with a rich mixture of dominant forbs. One plant that has a great 

influence on how people use the reservation is the shrubby / viny Toxicodendron diversilobum, 

poison-oak! 

8

The number of species in local floras are often compared with each other. However, it is 

difficult to make meaningful comparisons for a number of reasons including: differences in intensity 

of and duration of collection efforts, differences in taxonomic interpretations, relative sizes of areas 

covered, and dormancy effects which prevent some species from germinating for decades. 

The only comment offered here about species numbers is that the Hastings Reservation has 

recorded a larger number of species than the Landels-Hill Big Creek - Gamboa Point Properties reserve 

which covers a much larger area than Hastings (Engles and Genetti 1984). Probably the major reason 

for the larger size of the Hastings plant list is the much longer period of plant collecting involved at 

Hastings. 

Horticultural species that were planted around the buildings and that have not shown any sign 

of becoming established beyond the cultivated yards are not included in the flora. An exception to this 

is French Broom, Genista monspessulana, which has become invasive both in the School House area 

and the Robertson House areas. Extensive control efforts are underway in both sites. An analysis of 

native and non-native plants of Hastings is in preparation (Jean Knops, 1994). 

Figure 1. Regional map indicating location and relative size of the Hastings 

Reservation. 

9

Figure 2. Topographic map of the Frances Simes Hastings Natural History 

Reservation. 

10

Figure 3a. Outline map of the Hastings Reservation, including names and 

numbers of research exclosures, abandonded agricultural fields (“o-f” in text, 

shaded), and historical fencelines. (North Half). 

11

Figure 3b. Outline map of the Hastings Reservation, including names and 

numbers of research exclosures, abandonded agricultural fields (“o-f” in text, 

shaded), and historical fencelines. (South Half). 

12

II. CATALOG OF VASCULAR PLANTS 

The arrangement of taxa are alphabetical within genera, families, and tribes. For flowering 

plants the sequence closely follows Munz 1974. 

Species entries usually include: 

Scientific name, followed Munz 1959 or 1974 in earlier editions. Here, names from the new Jepson 

Manual (Hickman, 1993) have been used; synonyms are included in the species index. 

Common name, derived from a variety of sources, omitted if no truly "common" name is in use. 

Origin, native to Hastings Reservation unless listed as introduced. 

Life form, annual herb, perennial shrub, tree, etc. 

Size estimates, based on local observations, Hastings notes, and herbarium specimens. 

Abundance, given in general terms. 

Plant community affinities, based on the outline in Table 3. Several specific localities within the 

community type are usually mentioned. 

Phenology, based on recent observations, Hastings notes and herbarium specimens. 

References, cited if relevant to the ecology or recent interpretations of the taxon. 

Quantitative data given in brackets if, "presence" and "frequency" data are available from study 

plots, transects, or permanent exclosures. Note that “o-f” means “old field”, an area formerly 

cultivated for agricultrual production. 

13

Place Names 

Place names from early specimen labels are converted into the form presently used in 

reservation records. Most place names can still be traced to a specific portion of the reservation. The 

map of Hastings includes many commonly used place names. Specific specimens are cited when the 

species is uncommon or the plant was collected at an unusual or interesting time or place. Watertank 

Hill is the ridge above the Ranch House (200m SE). Long Field, Pearson Field, and Horsetail Field all are 

on Big Creek (along the “lane”) between the entrance gate and the Lower Barn. Home Field is north of 

the Bell House. Gate Field is on the northwestern edge of School Hill. A detailed map of place names is 

maintained at the Hastings Reservation main office. By 2003, a geographic information system 

(ArcView) was created for Hastings, and it includes a place name file with about 200 entries. These 

files are archived at the Reserve Headquarters. 

14

PTERIDOPHYTA 

Azollaceae - Mosquito Fern Family 

Azolla filiculoides Lam. Duckweed Fern 

Tiny annual aquatic herb. Forms mats < 5cm broad on still pools of Robertson Creek and Finch Creek 

in late summer, lasting until winter floods finally wash them away . 

Blechnaceae - Deer Fern Family 

Woodwardia fimbriata Sm. Chain Fern 

Large perennial fern, < 2 m. tall. Restricted to permanently wet spots in the Mixed Hardwood Forest. 

Pipeline Ravine, West Ravine. 

Dennstaedtiaceae - Bracken Fern Family 

Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn var. pubescens Underw. Bracken 

Perennial fern, annual fronds, < 1 m. tall. Scattered in dense colonies in parts of the the Mixed 

Hardwood Forest, conspicuous in Quercus agrifolia stands along canyon bottoms, e.g., Robertson 

Creek Canyon. It has invaded shady portions of Old-fields that were cleared from forest e.g. lower Long 

Field, central Arnold Field, and SE of the Robertson House. Bracken fronds are very sensitive to frost. 

Dryopteridaceae - Wood Fern Family 

Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. Bladder Fern 

Perennial fern, fronds annual, < 30 cm. tall. Uncommon in shady canyons in the Mixed Hardwood 

Forest, South Ravine, West Ravine, Finch Creek Canyon. 

Dryopteris arguta (Kaulf.) Maxon California Wood Fern 

Perennial fern, < 1 m. tall. Widely scattered in the Mixed Hardwood Forest. Pipeline Ravine, West 

Ravine, NW School Hill. The only reservation fern browsed to any significant extent. 

Polystichum imbricans (D.C.Eat.) D.H.Wagner ssp. curtum (Ewan) D.H.Wagner Sword Fern 

Perennial fern, < lm. tall. Uncommon in the Mixed Hardwood Forest, more common at higher 

elevations off the reservation. Wagner l979 

Equisetaceae - Horsetail Family 

Equisetum hyemale L. ssp. affine (Engelm.) Calder & R.H. Taylor Giant Scouring-Rush 

Perennial from rhizomes, < 2 m. tall. Rare in permanently wet spots in the Mixed Hardwood Forest. 

Pipeline Ravine, West Ravine 

E. laevigatum A. Br. Scouring Rush 

Perennial from rhizomes, < 1 m. tall. Common on sandy alluvial soils along lower Big Creek, Finch 

Creek,and Robertson Creek. Cultivation of the hay-fields on sandy soils along Big Creek may have 

spread this species away from its main habitat near the creek onto adjacent higher terraces. [Presence 

15% o-f plots. Frequency 76% plot 448 in 1973] 

15

Equisetum telmateia Ehrh. ssp. braunii (Milde) R.L.Hauke Giant Horsetail 

Perennial from rhizomes, < 1 m. tall. Rare in permanently wet spots in the Mixed Hardwood Forest. 

Pipeline Ravine. 

Polypodiaceae - Polypody Fern Family 

Polypodium californicum Kaulf. California Polypody 

Perennial fern with annual fronds, < 30 cm. tall. Scattered in deep shade under the Foothill Woodland 

and Mixed Hardwood Forest in very rocky spots. The new growth starts immediately after the first 

autumn rains. 

Pteridaceae - Brake Family 

Adiantum jordani C. Muell. California Maidenhair 

Perennial fern, fronds annual, < 50 cm. tall. Widely distributed in the Mixed Hardwood Forest and 

shady portions of the Foothill Woodland. Abundant in West Ravine. [Present Excl. 1606] 

Aspidotis californica (Hook.) Copel. California Lace Fern 

Small perennial fern, fronds annual, < 15 cm. tall. Rare on rock outcrops. One collection between 

granite boulders, upper south slope Poison Oak Hill (JRG 3953 20 May 1975). 

Pellaea andromedifolia (Kaulf.) Fee Coffee Fern 

Perennial fern, very brittle fronds, < 50 cm. tall. Scattered in rocky or relatively dry spots in the Mixed 

Hardwood Forest, Foothill Woodland, and Chaparral. [Presence 20% uncult. plots. Present Excl. 1606] 

P. mucronata (D.C. Eat.) D.C. Eat. Bird's-Foot Fern 

Perennial fern, very brittle fronds; < 50 cm. tall. Scattered in rocky spots in the Coastal Sage Scrub, 

Chaparral, and Foothill Woodland; uncommon in Grassland. Pellaea mucronata may grow with P. 

andromedifolia but usually is in more exposed situations. [Presence 10% uncult. plots] 

Pentagramma triangularis (Kaulf.) G.Yatskievych, M.D. Windham & E. Wollenweber Gold Back 

Fern 

Perennial fern, < 40 cm. tall. Common understory plant in the Foothill Woodland and Mixed Hardwood 

Forest; uncommon in shady, sparse Grassland. [Present o-f plot 435. Presence 20% uncult. plots. 

Frequency 20% plot 451 in 1973. Present blue oak S/D plot 11] 

Selaginellaceae - Spike-Moss Family 

Selaginella bigelovii Underw. Bigelow Spike-Moss 

Perennial herb forming mats < 15 cm. thick. Common on exposed rock outcrops; S. Haystack Hill, S. 

Poison Oak Ridge, East Ravine. 

16

CONIFEROPHYTA 

Cupressaceae - Cypress Family 

Cupressus macrocarpa Gordon Monterey Cypress 

Small, introduced tree, < 4 m. tall. One individual in oak woodland near junction of Old County Road 

and Martin Road. Not native to Carmel Valley; seed probably dispersed by birds from the group of old 

cypress trees planted west of the Robertson House. 

Pinaceae - Pine Family 

Pinus coulteri D. Don Coulter Pine 

Large evergreen tree. Common on J. Cahoon ranch and the higher mountains to the south and west, 

but rare at Hastings. One mature tree (76 cm. dbh.[diameter breast high] in 1984) is adjacent to the 

reservation on the Hambey ranch. In 1991, this mature pine died. There is no evidence that this 

parental tree on Hambey's ranch was planted. 

By 1991 this tree had seeded about a dozen saplings onto the reservation about 100 m. away. 

QT noticed a seedling on Hastings in 1951; it was then about 1 m. tall. In 1972 JRG noticed four 

saplings in this area; in 1984 JRG found six saplings in the same place. They ranged from 2.0 - 26.8 

cm. dbh and 3.7 - 15.9 m. tall. In 1972 the saplings had all been partly girdled by rodents, but all were 

intact and healthy in 1984 and showed promise of forming trees. 

The closest Coulter pine "population" is about 4 km. away. KT Hartweg may have collected 

Coulter pine cones from this vicinity when he visited upper Carmel Valley in 1847. 

P. ponderosa Laws. Ponderosa Pine 

Large evergreen tree. One mature tree on ridge S.E. of Pat's Cabin easily seen from the Arnold Road 

lower chamise patch vicinity: 

in 1972 dbh 71 cm. (28 in.); 27 m. (86 ft. tall) 

in 1990 dbh 75 cm. (30 in.) with four saplings nearby. 

In 1972 these four saplings had been partly girdled by rodents, but all were intact and healthy 

in 1984 and showed promise of forming trees. In 1984 JRG measured these saplings; they ranged from 

2-7 cm. dbh, 2-5 m. tall. There is no evidence that this tree was planted; the tree was about 100 years 

old in 1984. The closest ponderosa pine population is about 8 km. away; isolated trees are closer. 

P. radiata D. Don Monterey Pine. 

Growing under a Quercus agrifolia on Carmel Valley Road, at least 12 years old; about 4 m. tall, dbh 

2.5 cm. Tree is about 100 m. west of first Finch Creek bridge on Carmel Valley Road; and 20 m. w. of 

the large telephone "man hole cover" along the western edge of the road. (JRG 5540, 13 Jun. 1990) 

The closest Monterey pines that could have provided seeds to start this tree would have been from the 

Hallisey House about one mile away to the north west. 

17

ANTHOPHYTA / DICOTYLEDONEAE 

Aceraceae - Maple Family 

Acer macrophyllum Pursh Big Leaf Maple 

Medium to large deciduous tree. Usually riparian, common along upper Finch Creek. Some trees are 

scattered in shady ravines in the Mixed Hardwood Forest. It usually blooms in Apr. and loses its leaves 

in Oct. The falling leaves are often a beautiful bright yellow in upper Finch Creek Canyon. [Maple 

seedlings present on uncult. plot 469, but they did not survive in this grassland habitat. These seeds 

must have been blown uphill some 250 m. from Finch Creek] 

Amaranthaceae - Amaranth Family 

Amaranthus albus L. Tumbleweed 

Introduced annual herb, < 75 cm. tall. Summer-blooming weed of disturbed spots. Upper Long Field, 

Finch Creek. No collections or notes since 1942. Although this plant periodically appears along roads, 

it has not become established. 

A. blitoides Wats. Prostrate Amaranth 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Probably introduced to the coast from the Great Basin. Summer-blooming 

weed of disturbed spots. No collections or notes made since 1940, and it probably is not established. 

A. retroflexus L. Rough Pigweed 

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Summer-blooming weed of disturbed spots. It grew in gardens in 

1944 and 1946; but it has not become established. 

Anacardiaceae - Sumac Family 

Toxicodendron diversilobum (T. & G.) Greene Poison-Oak 

Deciduous shrub or large woody vine [one vine in a Q. lobata tree on School Hill is 13 cm. dbh]. 

Scattered under trees in the Foothill Woodland; abundant in the Mixed Hardwood Forest. New leaves 

emerge Jan. to Mar.; the bright red leaves usually start to fall conspicuously in Aug. or Sep. in dry 

spots. The leaflets and petioles may fall separately. 

When mature plants are damaged, new growth may have 5-leaflets instead of the normal 3. 

The fruits, which have a waxy coating, are very attractive to a variety of birds. The resulting seedlings 

are widely dispersed along woodland margins and under isolated trees and shrubs. For people who are 

allergic to this toxic plant, large portions of the forest and woodland areas on the reservation are not 

usable! Gillis 1972. [Presence 71% blue oak S/D plots] 

Apiaceae - Carrot Family 

Anthriscus caucalis M. Bieb Bur Chervil 

Introduced annual herb, < 75 cm. tall. Locally conspicuous in late spring along Lane and Big Creek 

alluvial terraces. This species was not included in Linsdale's 1955 list, but it is not known if it was 

over-looked prior to 1955 or was introduced after that time. 24 Apr. 1980 (JRG 4189). 

18

Apiastrum angustifolium Nutt. Wild-Celery 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Although widely distributed in the Foothill Woodland and Chaparral, it is 

never abundant or conspicuous. Blooms early, in fruit Apr. - Jun. 

Berula erecta (Huds.) Cov. Water Parsnip 

Aquatic perennial herb, < 120 cm. tall. Forming dense colonies along Robertson Creek. Blooms Aug. - 

Sep. Colonies which can be reached from dry ground in fall and early winter are heavily grazed by 

deer. 

Bowlesia incana R. & P. 

Small annual herb. This somewhat decumbent or trailing plant is widely distributed (but 

inconspicuous) in the understory of the Foothill Woodland. Blooms Mar. - May. [Present uncult. plot 

458. Presence 29% blue oak S/D plots] 

Conium maculatum L. Poison-Hemlock 

Introduced biennial herb, < 2 m. tall. Scattered along Carmel Valley Road and Finch Creek in variable 

but usually low densities in disturbed spots. Blooms Apr. - May. A few plants grow near the First 

Crossing on Big Creek. Hastings appears to be a marginal habitat for this species. Closer to the coast it 

becomes far more vigorous; sometimes becoming the dominant road-side cover along with Silybum 

marianum. All parts of the plant are very toxic to humans! 

Daucus pusillus Michx. Rattlesnake Weed 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Locally common in the Grassland and Foothill Woodland. Blooms Apr. - 

May, may be in fruit until Jul. Daucus pusillus may grow with Yabea microcarpa, and young plants of 

these species can be confused before fruiting. [Presence 35% o-f plots, frequency 94% plot 431 in 

1973. Presence 70% uncult. plots, frequency 60% plot 458 in 1973. Presence 100% blue oak S/D plots] 

Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Sweet Fennel 

Introduced perennial herb, < 1.5 m. tall. Rare along Carmel Valley Road ( 2 Oct. 1985, JRG 5496 ) 

where it was introduced during the construction of a buried telephone cable in 1979. Two plants near 

milepost 26.5 were destroyed before dispersing seeds in 1985. Two plants near milepost 26.2 were 

destroyed in 1986. Locally common along Carmel Valley Road to the W. of the reservation on the Oak 

Ridge Ranch. 

Lomatium dasycarpum (T. & G.) Coult. & Rose Lace Parsnip 

Perennial herb from a taproot, < 50 cm. tall. Widely distributed in low densities in the Grassland and 

along Chaparral margins. The leaves are heavily grazed by deer in late winter; the roots are eaten by 

wild pigs in winter. Blooms Jan. - May, flowers ivory; fruit conspicuous May - Jun. [Presence 15% o-f 

plots, frequency 15% plot 449 in 1978. Presence 25% un-cult. plots, frequency 20% plot 454 in 1973] 

L. utriculatum ( Nutt.) Coult. & Rose Bladder Parsnip 

Perennial herb from a taproot, < 45 cm. tall. Widely distributed in low density in the Grassland and 

Foothill Woodland. Blooms Mar. - Apr., flowers yellow. [Presence 20% o-f plots, frequency 4% plot 431 

in 1973. Presence 25% uncult. plots, frequency 5% plot 455 in 1978. Presence 86% blue oak S/D plots] 

Osmorhiza brachypoda Torr. California Cicely 

Perennial herb, < 75 cm. tall. Uncommon in the Mixed Hardwood Forest. Blooms Mar. - Apr. N. 

Watertank Hill, Lower Arnold Road. 

O. chilensis H. & A. Wood Cicely 

Perennial herb, < 80 cm. tall. Scattered in the Mixed Hardwood Forest, more widely distributed than O. 

brachypoda. Specimens in fruit May - Jul. 

19

Sanicula bipinnata H. & A. Poison Sanicle 

Perennial herb from a taproot, < 55 cm. tall. Local in the Grassland, widely distributed in the Foothill 

Woodland and Mixed Hardwood Forest under-story. The fresh green foliage has a pungent "cilantro" 

odor when crushed. Blooms Mar. - Apr. Deer graze on the plant to a limited extent. [Presence 45% o-f 

plots, frequency 28% on plot 431 in 1973. Presence 55% uncult. plots, frequency 5% plot 468 in 1978. 

Presence 100% blue oak S/D plots] 

S. bipinnatifida Hook. Purple Sanicle 

Perennial herb from a root crown, < 50 cm. tall. Scattered in the Grassland and Foothill Woodland. 

Blooms Mar. - Apr. [Presence 10% o-f plots. Presence 30% uncult. plots, frequency 18% plot 462 in 


S. crassicaulis DC. Gamble weed 

Perennial herb from a taproot, < 90 cm. tall. Blooms Mar. - Apr. Grazed regularly by deer. Widely 

distributed in a variety of habitats, often in weedy situations. [Presence 45% o-f plots, frequency 20% 

plot 437 in 1978. [Presence 30% uncult. plots, frequency 3% plot 451 in 1978. Presence 86% blue oak 

S/D plots] 

S. tuberosa Torr. 

Perennial herb from a tuber, < 35 cm. tall. Uncommon in the Mixed Hardwood Forest. Blooms Feb.- 

Apr. Most collections are from the N. slope of Poison Oak Hill where it is sometimes locally common; 

other collections come from South Ravine and West Ravine areas. 

Tauschia hartwegii (Gray) Macbr. 

Perennial herb, < 60 cm. tall. Uncommon in rocky places in the Foothill Woodland and Mixed 

Hardwood Forest; Gully S.E. Red Hill, N. Watertank Hill, upper Archer Creek. Blooms Jan. - May. 

Torilis nodosa (L.) Gaertn. 

Introduced annual herb, < 45 cm. tall. Uncommon in disturbed spots in the Grassland, more common 

in Foothill Woodland. Blooms Apr. - May. Plot 450 on S.W. Red Hill was an area heavily disturbed by 

horses in the past and still supports this indicator of heavy grazing. [Present o-f plot 445. Presence 

15% uncult. plots, frequency 12% plot 450 in 1973. Presence 57% blue oak S/D plots] 

Yabea microcarpa (H.&A.) Koso-Polj. 

Annual herb, < 35 cm. tall. Widely distributed in the Grassland and Foothill Woodland. Yabea often 

grows with Daucus pusillus, but Yabea is less common. In fruit Apr. - Jun. [Presence 45% o-f plots, 

frequency 24% plot 439 in 1971. Presence 24% uncult. plot 13% plot 458 in 1978. Presence 43% blue 

oak S/D plots] 

Araliaceae - Ginseng Family 

Aralia californica Wats. Elk-Clover 

Perennial herb, < 2 m. tall. Blooms Jun. - Jul. Rare in very shady, moist spots of the Mixed Hardwood 

Forest or in riparian situations. Collected only from Pipeline Ravine, West Ravine, and upper Finch 

Creek near Carmel Valley Road milepost 27. 

Asclepiadaceae - Milkweed Family 

20

Asclepias eriocarpa Benth. Indian Milkweed 

Perennial herb, < 1 m. tall. It grows in small colonies in the Grassland or Foothill Woodland margins. 

The colonies appear to persist for long periods of time, but many shoots in the colonies do not appear 

healthy in some seasons. The dominant herbivorous insects found on this milkweed are all specialists 

restricted to feeding on asclepiads. These include the lygaeid bug, Lygaeus kalmii (Root 1986); the 

chrysomelid beetle, Chrysochus colbaltinus (auratus according to some recent revisions); the 

cerambycid beetle, Tetraopes basalis ; and the Monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus. 

The grasshopper, Melanopus devastator, an herbivore feeding on many plant taxa, is abundant 

at times on A. eriocarpa. Seeds ripen late Aug. through Sep. Seed set is often very low, perhaps in part 

because of the heavy insect damage to developing inflorescences. New shoots may appear above 

ground by Jan., these shoots may start blooming by mid - Jun. [Presence 20% o-f plots, frequency 2% 

plot 449 in 1973. Presence 25% uncult. plots, frequency 6% plot 462 in 1975. Presence 43% blue oak 

S/D plots]. 

A. fascicularis Dcne. in A. DC. Narrow Leaf Milkweed 

Perennial herb, < 2 m. tall. One collection (Robertson Creek near Tregea Ranch gate, 6 Jul. 1941, M 

260 ). Although conspicuous along some Santa Lucia Range creeks, this milkweed is uncommon near 


Asteraceae Sunflower Family - tribes - subtribes 

Asteraceae - Anthemideae 

Achillea millefolium L. Yarrow 

Perennial herb, < 1 m. tall. Widely scattered in Mixed Hardwood Forest but seldom common. [Present 

Excl 1607. Presence 14% blue oak S/D plots] 

Anthemis cotula L. Dog Fennel, Chamomile 

Introduced annual herb. Old Chicken Pens, 1948; Old County Road, 1952. Apparently not established 

anywhere. 

Artemisia californica Less. Coastal Sagebrush 

Aromatic evergreen shrub, < 1.5 m. tall. Scattered in the Coastal Sage Scrub which borders some 

Chaparral stands. There are well developed Coastal Sage Scrub communities in which this species is 

dominant on the Oak Ridge Ranch some 4 km. W. of the reservation, but it is a minor component in 

the limited scrub communities on Hastings. Some of the larger colonies on Hastings grow on S. aspect 

Foothill Woodland slopes of Robertson Creek canyon E. of Archer Creek; it also grows in low density on 

very steep Grassland slopes S. Poison Oak Hill. Blooms Oct. - Nov. Browsed by deer in fall and winter. 

A. douglasiana Bess. California Mugwort 

Aromatic perennial herb from rhizomes, usually < 1 m. tall. Locally common along creeks. Blooms Jul. 

- Oct. Conspicuous in Big Creek by the Office Parking lot. Heavily browsed by deer during poor years. 

A. dracunculus L. Dragon Sagewort, Tarragon 

Perennial herb from rhizomes, < 1.5 m. tall. Forms dense colonies along creek banks and sandy alluvial 

terraces, as in Long Field. Occasionally in Grassland. Blooms Jul. - Sep. This plant seldom browsed by 

deer. 

Chamomilla suaveolens (Pursh) Rydb. Pineapple Weed 

Aromatic annual herb < 30 cm. tall in protected areas. A "treadweed" of trampled, disturbed areas 

where it may be only a few cm. tall. Blooms Apr. - Jun. Road to pump, Office-School trail, Lane near 

mailboxes. 

21

Soliva sessilis R. Lopez & Pavon 

Small annual herb, < 5 cm. tall. One collection in front of Homestead Cabin, 16 Jun. 1953, (JL sn). Ray 

1987. 

Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.- Bip. Feverfew 

Introduced perennial herb, < 1 m. tall. Scattered along Archer Creek in the Robertson Annex. No 

records of how long it as been growing there, well established when first collected 24 Jan. 1985 (JRG 

5493). 

Asteraceae - Astereae 

Aster chilensis Nees. California Aster 

Rhizomatous perennial herb, < 50 cm. tall. Blooms Sep. - Oct. Rare near the Arnold Spring, Oct. 1985, 

(SS 4000). 

A. radulinus Gray 

Rhizomatous perennial herb, < 50 cm. tall. Apparently rare on the reservation. Two collections: no 

label, 14 Aug. 1938, Arnold Road. 6 Jul. 1941 (M 130). More common closer to the coast. 

Baccharis douglasii DC. Marsh Baccharis 

Suffrutescent herb, < 2 m. tall. Forms colonies on open sandy alluvial flats along larger creeks. Blooms 

Aug.-Sep. 

B. pilularis DC. Coyote Brush, Chaparral Broom 

Evergreen shrub, < 4 m. tall. Widely distributed as individuals or small groups in openings of Mixed 

Hardwood Forest or Foothill Woodland and Chaparral margins. It is common in old woodcutting areas 

or other heavily disturbed spots. Coyote brush is a more stable and conspicuous part of the vegetation 

closer to the coast. It starts to bloom in Oct. and Nov.; seeds are wind dispersed Nov. to Jan. 

B. salicifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Pers. Mule Fat 

Evergreen shrub, < 3 m. tall. Several collections from one colony on Finch Creek near W. boundary. 

Blooms May - Jun. (Wilken 1971). 

Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq. 

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. One collection, no locality. 19 Sep. 1940 (JML sn). 

Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. Horseweed 

Annual herb, < 2 m. tall. Uncommon in disturbed areas. Blooms Jul. - Dec. Carmel Valley Road, Martin 

Road. 

Ericameria arborescens (Gray) E. Greene Goldenfleece, Goldenbush 

Shrub, > 3 m. One plant on steep north facing slope, Poison Oak Ridge, W. slope south of main 

Adenostoma patch, below the massive Poison Oak Ridge slump. In bud, almost ready to bloom, only 

one shrub seen at this locality, 10 Aug. 1990. (JRG 5842) 

Erigeron foliosus Nutt. 

Perennial herb from a taproot, < 1 m. tall. Widely scattered in low densities in a variety of grassy 

habitats e.g., Martin Road, N.W. Red Hill, E. summit Haystack Hill. Blooms Jun. - Sep. [Presence 71% 

blue oak S/D plots] 

22

E. philadelphicus L. Philadelphia Daisy 

Biennial herb, < 1 m. tall. Riparian, all specimens from along Finch Creek. Blooms May - Jul. 

Hazardia squarrosa (H. & A.) Greene var. squarrosa Sawtooth Goldenbush. 

Shrub < 1.5 m. tall. Uncommon, widely scattered on steep rocky spots Poison Oak Ridge and Red Hill. 

Blooms in summer. Clark 1979. [Presence 15% uncult. plots; frequency 8% plot 456 in 1978] 

Heterotheca sessiliflora (Nutt) Shinn ssp. echioides (Benth.) Semple Hairy Golden Aster 

Peren. herb, < 1 m. tall. Wdly. sctrd in Grslnd. and Fthl. Wdlnd. openings. Blooms Jul. - Dec., flwrng. 

colonies conspicuous late smr. and fl.[Present o-f plot 431, frequency 3% in 1978. Presence 15% 

uncult. plots] 

Lessingia filaginifolia (H. & A.) M.A. Lane California Aster. 

Perennial herb, somewhat suffrutescent, < 1 m. tall. Widely scattered in Grassland and Foothill 

Woodland openings. Blooms Jul. - Dec. [Presence 5% o-f plots, frequency 3% plot 431 in 1978. 

Presence 10 % uncult. plots. Presence 43% blue oak S/D plots] 

Lessingia glandulifera Gray 

Aromatic annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Locally common on sandy-gravelly alluvial terraces. Robertson 

Creek, W. Corral Field. Blooms in late summer. Howell 1929. 

Pentachaeta alsinoides Greene 

Small annual herb, < 10 cm. tall. Rare or overlooked in the Grassland, inconspicuous at known 

localities even in favorable wet seasons, probably does not grow in dry seasons. Blooms May - Jun. 

(Van Horn 1973). [Present o-f plot 431, frequency 8% in 1978. Presence 5% uncult. plots; Frequency 

2% plot 451 in 1973] 

P. exilis Gray ssp. exilis 

Small annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Rare or overlooked in the Grassland even in favorable wet seasons, 

probably does not grow in dry seasons. Blooms May - Jun. (Van Horn 1973). [Presence 5% uncult. 

plots, frequency 8% plot 451 in 1973; growing near but not with P. alsinoides ] 

Rigiopappus leptocladus Gray 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Uncommon in sparse rocky grassland. Only three specimens collected, 

probably often overlooked. Blooms May - Jun. 

Solidago californica Nutt. California Goldenrod 

Perennial herb from a rhizome, < 1 m. tall. Scattered in openings of the Foothill Woodland and Mixed 

Evergreen Forest, more common near canyon bottoms than on uplands. Blooms Jul. - Dec. [Present 

blue oak plot S/D 10] 

Asteraceae - Cardueae 

Centaurea melitensis L. Tocalote, Napa Thistle 

Introduced annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Locally common in limited, often disturbed portions of the 

Grassland. Conspicuous in parts of Pearson Field in most years. Scattered on south slopes of Poison 

Oak Hill. Blooms May - Aug. [Presence 10% o-f, frequency 13% plot 438 in 1985] 

C. solstitialis L. Yellow Star Thistle 

Introduced annual herb. Few, scattered along Big Creek, disturbed areas. Major C.V. infestation 

brought in at Carmel Ranch Company (mile 18-20, C.V. Rd.) in early 1990's. Rare or absent elsewhere 

in Carmel Valley. 

Cirsium occidentale (Nutt.) Jeps. var. venustum (Greene) Jeps. Venus Thistle 

23

Biennial herb 0.5 - 3m tall. Widely distributed in Grassland and Foothill Woodland. Involcre 

subglabrous to 

densely cobwebby. Blooms Apr. - Jul., a few plants bloom as late as Nov. (Presence 5% o-f plots, l5% 

uncult. 

plots, not on frequency quadrats. Presence 29% blue oak S/D plots) 

Cirsium quercetorum (A. Gray) Jeps. Brownie Thistle 

Acaulescent perennial herb, < 30 cm. tall. Uncommon. Collected at three localities near the Arnold 

Place and on the summit of Poison Oak Hill. Probably overlooked elsewhere. Scattered in similar 

habitats on the neighboring ranches. Blooms Jun. RARE. [Present uncult. plot 459, frequency 8% in 

1973] Scattered on San Benito Mtn. and Laguna Mtn. in San Benito Co. 

C. vulgare (Savi) Ten. Bull Thistle 

Introduced biennial herb, < 1.5 m. tall. Periodically appears as isolated individuals along the Finch 

Creek floodplain. Blooms in summer. 

Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Milk-thistle 

Introduced annual or biennial herb, < 1.5 m. tall. Hastings appears to be marginal habitat. Milk-thistle 

occurs in low frequency along Big Creek. A small population is usually present on Blomquist knoll on 

the Oak Ridge Ranch most seasons in a spot with heavy ground squirrel activity. Blooms Jun. - Jul. This 

species increases conspicuously in disturbed areas as one approaches the coast. On the coast it 

becomes a common roadside weed along with poison-hemlock. 

Asteraceae - Eupatorieae 

Brickellia californica (T. & G.) Gray California Brickellbush 

Evergreen shrub, < 1 m. tall. Several plants in Finch Creek floodplain between upper and lower 

bridges, one colony below lower bridge. One collection, 1 Oct. 1940. (JL sn). 

Asteraceae - Gnaphalieae 

Filago californica Nutt. California Cotton-Rose 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Scattered in Grassland, seldom conspicuous. Blooms Apr. - May. [Presence 

10% o-f plots, frequency 2% plot 445 in 1973. Presence 45% uncult. plots, frequency 78% on plot 453 

in 1978. Presence 14% blue oak S/D plots] 

F. gallica L. 

Introduced annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Widely scattered in sparse areas of Grassland, alluvial terraces. 

Blooms May - Jul.[Presence o-f plots 70%, frequency 100% plot 448 in 1973. Presence uncult. plots 

80%, frequency > 80% five plots in 1978. Presence 71% blue oak S/D plots] 

Gnaphalium californicum DC. California Everlasting 

Biennial herb, < 70 cm. tall. Poison Oak Ridge, Martin Road, Finch Creek. Blooms Apr. - Jul. 

G. canescens DC. ssp. beneolens (Davidson) Stebb. & Keil Fragrant Everlasting 

Perennial herb, < 1 m. tall. Scattered in disturbed, often rocky spots; conspicuous on Arnold Road 

landslides, alluvial terraces. Blooms Jul. - Jan. 

G. canescens DC. ssp. microcephalum (Nutt.) Stebb. & Keil White Everlasting 

Biennial or short-lived perennial herb, < 90 cm. tall. Pearson Field, Robertson Creek. Blooms Oct. Not 

clearly separated from G. beneolens (JH Note). Note: beneolens is now ssp. of canescens. 

G. luteo-album L. 

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. One collection, Upper Bridge, Finch Creek 19 Jul. 1941 (TM 490). 

Blooms Jul. 

G. palustre Nutt. Lowland Cudweed 

Annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Robertson Creek, upper Finch Creek. Blooms May - Sep. 

24

G. purpureum L. Purple Cudweed 

Annual herb, < 35 cm. tall. One collection, 180 m. north of Pats Cabin, 20 Jun. 1942 (FED 338). 

G. ramosissimum Nutt. Pink Everlasting 

Biennial herb, < 95 cm. tall. Finch Creek, Robertson Creek. Blooms Jul. -Aug. 

G. stramineum Kunth Cotton-Batting 

Annual or biennial herb, < 50 cm. tall. Martin Road, Long Field, Watertank Hill. Blooms Mar. - Sep. 

Hesperevax sparsiflora (Gray) E. Greene var. sparsiflora Erect Evax 

Small annual herb, < 15 cm. tall. Widely scattered in Grassland, seldom conspicuous. Blooms May - 

Jun. [Present on o-f plot 445. Presence 20% uncult. plots, frequency 33% plot 458 in 1975] 

Micropus californicus F. & M. Slender Cottonweed 

Small annual herb, < 25 cm. tall. Widely distributed in sparse areas of Grassland, and Savanna. Blooms 

Apr. - Jun. [Presence o-f plots 20%, frequency plot 431 28% in 1978. Presence uncult. plots 30%, 

frequency 25% plot 455 in 1978. Presence 57% blue oak S/D plots] 

Micropus californicus X Psilocarphus tenellus (intergeneric hybrid, Howell 1954) 

Small annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. All plants appeared to be sterile. Old County Road below Red House, 

14 Jun. 1953 (JH 29070 ). RARE. 

Psilocarphus tenellus Nutt. Slender Woolly-Heads 

Small annual herb,< 10 cm. tall. Well developed plants often with dome-like form. Locally common in 

disturbed or sparse areas in the Grassland. Blooms Apr. - Jun. [Present uncult. plot 451, frequency 3% 

in 1978] 

Stylocline gnaphaloides Nutt. Everlasting Nest Straw 

Small annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Similar in habit to Psilocarphus tenellus. Scattered in Grassland. 

Blooms Mar. - Jun. [Present uncult. plot 455, frequency 18% in 1978] 

Asteraceae- Heliantheae - Ambrosiinae 

Xanthium spinosum L. Spiny Cocklebur 

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Although this noxious weed occasionally appears in disturbed 

spots along roads and creeks, it has not become established. Finch Creek in 1939 near bridge 

construction; Finch Creek in 1969 on recent flood deposits; Arnold Road in 1979 after road grading. 

Asteraceae - Heliantheae - Baeriinea 

Eriophyllum confertiflorum (DC.) Gray Golden Yarrow 

Suffrutescent perennial, < 1 m. tall. Widely distributed in chaparral and oak woodland openings. 

Blooms Apr. - Jul. 

Lasthenia californica Lindl. Goldfields 

Small annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Scattered in grassland where cover is sparse. Red Hill; Finch Creek 

and Robertson Creek sandy alluvial flats. Plant numbers fluctuate drastically between seasons.[Present 

o-f plot 430. Presence uncult. plots 25%, frequency 58% plot 455 in 1978. Presence 57% blue oak S/D 

plots] 

Monolopia major DC. 

Small annual herb, < 35 cm. tall. Several collections from Adobe Hill. One plant lower Arnold Road, 8 

Apr. 1977 (JRG 4030). Not seen anywhere on the reservation in recent years. RARE. 

Asteraceae - Heliantheae - Chaenactidinae 

Chaenactis glabriuscula DC. Yellow Pincushion 

25

Annual herb.< 25 cm. tall. One collection from sunny opening on Poison Oak Hill, 2 Jun. 1939. (GT 

Robbins sn). RARE. 

Asteraceae - Heliantheae - Ecliptinae 

Wyethia helenioides (DC.) Nutt. Woolly Mule-Ears 

Perennial herb, < 1 m. tall. Uncommon, scattered in oak woodland openings, grassy ridges. Watertank 

Hill, Haystack Hill. Blooms Apr. - May. [Presence 29% blue oak S/D plots] 

Asteraceae - Heliantheae - Gaillardiinae 

Helenium puberulum DC. Rosilla 

Biennial herb, < 1.5 m. tall. Summer blooming in or near permanently moist spots. Robertson Creek, 

Finch Creek, lower Big Creek. 

Asteraceae - Heliantheae - Madiinae 

Achyrachaena mollis Schauer Blow-Wives 

Annual herb, < 35 cm. tall. Common in Savanna, N. slope of School Hill. Blooms Apr. - May.[Present o-f 

plot 437] 

Calycadenia truncata DC. Rosin Weed 

Aromatic annual herb, < 95 cm. tall. Scattered on steep, rocky S. slopes of Red Hill, uncommon Arnold 

Field. [Present o-f plot 449; presence uncult. plots 20%, frequency 15% plot 469 in 1978] 

Hemizonia corymbosa (DC.) T. & G. Coast Tarweed 

Aromatic annual herb, < 65 cm. tall. Used to be locally abundant in some fields and pastures. "A large 

patch along the boundary north from lower barn extended from 50 to 100 feet into the Reservation in 

1938 the first year after that ground was no longer used for farming. By 1944 only one or two 

individual plants showed among the grasses on the Reservation side of the fence, but on the outside 

land which was grazed the tarweeds had spread conspicuously". This species no longer occurs in North 

Field. It is still conspicuous in some years in "Blomquist field" on the Oak Ridge Ranch. Blooms May - 

Jul. [Present o-f plots 432, 446] 

H. lobbii Greene Three-Rayed Hemizonia 

Aromatic annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Two collections, 29 Jul. 1938, no other label data; ditch by 

Chicken Pen, 27 Sep. 1944, (JL 27). [Chicken Pen was located on hillside now occupied by Davis Lab 

and Hastings Lab] 

Lagophylla ramosissima Nutt. Slender Rabbit Leaf 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Unusual for a tarweed, it has no odor and is glandular only on upper 

leaves, flowers inconspicuous. Common in Grassland and Oak Woodland openings. Blooms May - Sep. 

[Presence o-f plots 55%, frequency 70% plot 444 in 1973. Presence uncult. plots 30%, frequency 50% 

plot 458 in 1973. Presence 14% blue oak S/D plots] 

Layia hieracioides (DC.) Hook. & Arn. Slender Layia 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Widely scattered in small numbers; Haystack Hill burn, Red Hill, Arnold 

Field, lower Robertson Creek. Blooms May - Jun. 

L. platyglossa (F. & M.) Gray Tidy Tips 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. One collection: 5 May 1938, from Red Hill, no other label data. RARE. 

Madia elegans Lindley Common Madia 

Aromatic annual herb, < 80 cm. tall. Widely distributed in Grassland and Foothill Woodland openings, 

but seldom abundant in any one area. Blooms Jun. - Oct. 

M. exigua (Sm.) Gray Threadstem Madia 

26

Small, aromatic annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Widely scattered in Grassland; School Hill, Haystack Hill, 

Red Hill, Arnold Field. Blooms May - Jun. 

M. gracilis (Smith ) Keck Slender Tarweed 

Aromatic annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Common in Grassland. Blooms May - Sep. [Presence 35% o-f plots, 

frequency 94% plot 438 in 1971. Presence uncult. plots 20%, frequency 45% plot 458 1978. Presence 

71% blue oak S/D plots] 

M. madioides (Nutt.) Greene Woodland Madia 

Aromatic perennial herb, < 50 cm. tall. Uncommon in Oak Woodland openings. Blooms in summer. 

Finch Creek, Martin Road. 

Madia sativa Molina Chile tarweed 

Strongly aromatic introduced annual herb, < 90 cm. tall. Uncommon Robertson Creek, Finch Creek, 

Watertank Hill. Blooms May - Jun., flowers usually open only in morning or late afternoon. 

Asteraceae - Lactuceae 

Agoseris grandiflora (Nutt.) Greene 

Perennial herb from a root-crown, scapes 25 - 85 cm tall. Widely scattered in the Grassland and 

Foothill Woodland. The bright yellow heads are usually conspicuous only in the mornings. Most 

specimens in fruit in May. (Presence 50% o-f plots, frequency 32% plot 437 in l973. Presence l5% 

uncult. plots, frequency 2% plots 467 and 468 in l973. Presence 57% blue oak S/D plots) 

A. heterophylla (Nutt.) Greene 

Annual herb, 5-40 cm tall. Locally common in the Grassland and Foothill Woodland. Most specimens 

flowering in May, one in July (Presence 75% o-f plots, frequency 54% plot 433. Presence 50% uncult. 

plots, frequency 82% plot 45l. Presence 7l% blue oak S/D plots) 

A. retrorsa (Benth.) Greene 

Perennial herb from a rootcrown, 50 cm. tall. Uncommon in the Mixed Hardwood Forest, not 

characteristic of the Grassland at Hastings. Specimens in fruit May - Jun. Hastings' records only from 

South Ravine and Carmel Valley Road (mile 26.0), more common in some other parts of the Santa 

Lucias. Similar in size and appearance to A. grandiflora. 

Hieracium argutum Nutt. S. California Hawkweed 

Perennial herb from a woody caudex, < 75 cm. tall. Scattered in some rocky spots on Poison Oak Ridge 

near the junction of Finch and Robertson Creeks. Blooms Jun. - Jul. Near the northern limit of the 

species. 

Hypochaeris glabra L. Smooth Cats-Ear 

Introduced annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Almost ubiquitous in the Grassland and Foothill Woodland 

openings. Obvious only where the grass cover is sparse. Blooms Apr. - May. [Presence 100% o-f plots, 

frequency at or near 100% many plots, several years. Presence 100% uncult. plots, frequency 80% or 

more several plots for several years. Presence 100% blue oak S/D plots] 

H. radicata L. Hairy Cats-Ear 

Introduced perennial herb, < 50 cm. tall. One collection, chamise burn Poison Oak Ridge. 1 Jul. 1982 

(JRG 4486a). RARE. 

Lactuca serriola L. Prickly Lettuce 

27

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Periodically scattered in parts of the Grassland with great year to 

year variation. Blooms in summer. [Presence 10% o-f plots; 0% frequency plot 444 in 1973, 53% 

frequency plot 444 in 1978] 

Malacothrix clevelandii Gray 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Scattered in some relatively open areas, sometimes in burned areas. Blooms 

May - Jun. Haystack Hill burn, Martin Road, Watertank Hill. 

M. floccifera (DC.) Blake 

Annual herb, < 150 cm. tall. All collections from the Haystack Hill burn. Blooms May - Jun. 

Microseris douglasii (DC.) Sch.- Bip. 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Locally common in the Grassland and Foothill Woodland openings. Blooms 

Apr. - May. Chambers 1955. 

ssp. douglasii Blomquist field collection (QT). Three 1938 collections on Hastings but no 

specific localities given. 

ssp. tenella (Gray) Chambers. Three 1938 collections on Hastings but no specific localities. Ssp. 

tenella has much shorter (almost absent) pappus scales. (Presence l5% uncult. plots; frequency 35% 

plot 458 in l978. Presence l4% blue oak S/D plots) 

Rafinesquia californica Nutt. California Chicory 

Annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Scattered in disturbed spots in Foothill Woodland and Mixed Hardwood 

Forest,in many rocky spots in Finch Creek Canyon. Blooms May - Jun. [Present uncult. plot 469, 5% 

frequency in 1978] 

Sonchus asper (L.) Hill ssp. asper Prickly Sow Thistle 

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Occasional along creeks and in disturbed spots. Irregularly 

appears in undisturbed Grassland Blooms Apr. - Jul. [Presence 10% o-f plots, frequency 3% plot 434 in 


S. oleraceus L. Common Sow-Thistle 

Introduced annual herb < 1 m. tall. Scattered along creeks and in disturbed spots. Blooms Apr. - Aug. 

Headquarters, Arnold Cabin. Flowers and fruit browsed by deer. Apparently S. oleraceus is less 

common than S. asper. The two species can be confused; when available, the winged achenes of S. 

oleraceus are helpful in its identification. 

Stebbinsoseris heterocarpa (Nutt.) Chambers 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall, scattered in the Grassland, particularly on Red Hill. Blooms Apr. - May. This 

species closely resembles U. lindleyi but the pappus scales are silvery not dull (Chambers 1955). 

[Presence 15% o-f plots, frequency 4% two plots in 1973. Presence 30% uncult. plots, frequency 24% 


Stephanomeria virgata Benth. ssp. pleurocarpa (Greene) Gottlieb 

Large annual herb, < 2 m. tall. Widely distributed but never abundant. Usually present in disturbed 

spots along Martin Road. Blooms in summer and fall, sometimes as late as Dec. Gottlieb 1972, Howitt & 

Howell 1973. [Presence 20% o-f plots, frequency 3% plot 444 in 1978. Presence 25% un-cult. plots, 

frequency 6% plot 458 in 1973] 

Taraxacum officinale Wigg. Common Dandelion 

28

Introduced, scapose perennial herb from a taproot, < 50 cm. tall. One collection at Headquarters, 11 

Jun. 1956 (JL 352). JRG noticed one plant at water-line crossing of Finch Creek in 1979. 

Uropappus lindleyi (DC.) Nutt. Silver Puffs 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall, widely scattered in the Grassland and Foothill Woodland openings. Blooms 

Apr. - Jun. Closely resembles S. heterocarpa but the pappus scales are dull not silvery (Chambers 

1955). [Presence 70% o-f plots, frequency 8% plot 443 in 1978. Presence 70% uncult. plots, frequency 

33% plot 458 in 1978. Presence 100% blue oak S/D plot 

Asteraceae - Senecioneae 

Senecio breweri Davy Brewer's Butterweed 

Perennial herb, < 80 cm. tall. Uncommon, two collections: Big Creek, 7 Jun. 1938 (JL sn); 2500-foot 

marker on Lane 6 Jun. 1946, (JL sn ). 

Senecio vulgaris L. Common Groundsel 

Introduced annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Uncommon in disturbed spots. [Presence 10% o-f plots, 

frequency 2% plot 437 in 1973. Present uncult. plot 464] 

Berberidaceae - Barberry Family 

Berberis pinnata Lagasca California Barberry 

Evergreen shrub, < 2.5 m. tall. Rare at Hastings, scattered in Santa Lucia Range but never common over 

large areas. Two colonies at Hastings; one about 0.5 ha. in area under Quercus agrifolia forest on 

steep rocky NW facing slope above Post Basin on Poison Oak Hill, associated with Holodiscus and 

Toxicodendron (Q.T. found this colony in Feb. 1949); one colony about 0.1 ha. in area on Robertson 

Annex S. of the Robertson Creek well. It also grows on Finch Creek Canyon at mile 27.5 - 27.8 Carmel 

Valley Road on the Bell Ranch. 

This shrub has been transplanted to Office, Ranch House, and School yards where it has been a 

satisfactory deer resistant and drought tolerant landscaping shrub. The garden shrubs bloom as early 

as Feb. These shrubs seldom set viable fruit. 

Betulaceae - Birch Family 

Alnus rhombifolia Nutt. White Alder 

Deciduous tree, < 14 m. tall. Riparian along permanent streams. Common upper Finch Creek above 

Carmel Valley Road mi. 26.5, along with maples. One alder tree used to grow near Martin Road bridge 

(Notes ), one grove grows on Finch Creek on Hambey ranch. Alders are more common at elevations 

higher than the reservation. Staminate catkins may appear as early as Dec., commonly in Jan. and Feb. 

[Hambey Ranch (60 ac?) is south-west of Carmel Valley Road, west of the Reservation. 

Boraginaceae - Borage Family 

Amsinckia menziesii (Lehm.) Nelson & J.F. Macbr. Fiddleneck, Fireweed 

Annual herb, < 1 m. tall: 

29

var. intermedia (Fischer & C. Meyer) Ganders Corollas orange, 7-11 mm. long, 4-10 mm. 

wide. Widespread in Grassland and Oak Woodland, sometimes forming dense populations. Sometimes 

not clearly separated from var. menziesii (Ray and Chisaki 1957). Generally in bloom Jan. - May; one 

plant in full bloom 13 Dec. 1976 in Excl. 1605. [Presence 70% o-f plots, frequency 70% plot 438 in 


var. menziesii Corollas yellow, 4-7 mm. long, 2-3 mm. wide. More restricted in distribution in 

old-fields and near buildings. Hastings plants have n = 13 (Ray and Chisaki 1957). Blooms Apr. - Jun. 

This variety was called A. helleri and A. retrorsa in early records. [Presence 65% o-f plots, 

frequency 64% plot 441 in 1973. Presence 10% uncult. plots, frequency 15 % plot 450 in 1978] 

Cryptantha clevelandii Greene Cleveland's Cryptantha 

Annual herb, < 65 cm. tall. Uncommon, most collections from sandy terraces near Robertson Creek; 

one collection from E. base Haystack Hill. Blooms Apr. - Jul. 

C. decipiens (M.E. Jones) A.A. Heller 

Annual herb, >40cm. tall. Collections from widely scattered areas including chaparral and sandy 

alluvial terraces, but not noticed on any permanent plots. Blooms Apr. - Jun. 

Cryptantha flaccida ( Lehm.) E. Greene Slender Cryptantha 

Ann. herb. 5-50 cm tall. Uncommon, most collections from School Hill Blooms Apr. - June. Note: Plants 

with + compressed nutlets, groove + closed have been called C. sparsiflora, now subsumed under C. 

flaccida.. Two collections 2l May 1955 (JH30236), 28 Apr.1945 (JL 288). 

C. micromeres (Gray) Greene 

[Annual herb. Listed in Howitt and Howell (1964), but no record of a Hastings collection is currently 

available at Hastings]. 

C. microstachys (Gray) Greene Tejon Cryptantha 

Annual herb, < 7 - 40 cm. tall. Widely distributed, particularly on Haystack Hill after the 1937 

chaparral burn, Arnold Road, Robertson Creek terraces. Blooms Apr. - Jul. 

C. muricata (H. & A.) Nels. & Macbr. 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Haystack Hill burn. Blooms Apr. - Jun. 

C. nevadensis Nelson & Kennedy 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Widely scattered, particularly on sandy alluvial terraces. Blooms May - Jul. 

Cynoglossum grande Lehm. Hound’s Tongue 

Perennial herb, < 50 cm. tall. Common in shady portions of Mixed Evergreen Forest. Usually blooms in 

winter Jan. - Apr.; one plant in flower below Arnold Cabin, 2 Jun. 1942. 

Heliotropium curassavicum L. Heliotrope 

Perennial herb from roostocks, < 50 cm. tall. Scattered along Carmel Valley Road after work on a 

buried telephone cable in 1979. Still present in at least several spots in 1990. (JRG 5841, 10 Jul., 

Milepost 26.0) 

Pectocarya penicillata (H. & A.) A. DC. Winged Pectocarya 

Annual herb, 25 cm. tall; young branches often erect, older plants may have decumbent branches. 

Uncommon in Foothill Woodland openings with sparse cover e.g., E. School Hill or disturbed areas e.g., 

Martin Road W. of mailboxes, or near Pump. Blooms Apr. - Jun. 

P. pusilla (A. DC.) Gray Little Pectocarya 

Annual herb, < 20 cm tall; often unbranched. Uncommon School Hill, upper Long Field. [Present o-f 

plot 437. Present uncult. plot 451. Presence 14% blue oak S/D plots] 

30

P. setosa Gray Bristly Pectocarya 

Annual herb, < 12 cm. tall; erect, branched. One collection 11 May 1939, (JL sn ) no locality. RARE. 

Plagiobothrys bracteatus (Howell) Johnston 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Uncommon near Upper Barn, Lower Barn, Lane along upper Long Field. 

Blooms Mar. - May. 

P. canescens Benth. Valley Popcorn Flower 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Stems with "purple dye". Locally common near Lower Barn; scattered W. 

base Water Tank Hill, Upper Finch Creek. Blooms Mar. - May. 

P. collinus (Philbr.) Johnston var. californicus (A. Gray) Higgins 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall, stems spreading. Uncommon, upper Lane near the 400-foot marker. Blooms 

Mar. - May 

Plagiobothrys nothofulvus (Gray) Gray Popcorn Flower 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall, stems erect, with some purple dye. Abundant and conspicuous, almost 

ubiquitous in Old-Fields, less common Grassland and Foothill Woodland. Blooms Feb. - May. This 

species is very sensitive to disturbance; eg., it may be common along deer trails but absent in adjacent 

grassland. Popcorn flower has decreased in density since cattle grazing has ceased on the reservation. 

[Presence 100% o-f plots, frequency 60% plot 438 in 1975. Presence 50% uncult. plots, frequency 20% 


P. reticulatus (Piper) Jtn. var. rossianorum Johnston 

Annual herb. One collection, 20 May 1955, (JH 30234) near barn, but no specimen in reservation 

herbarium. RARE on reservation and apparently rare in Monterey County (Howitt and Howell 1964, 

1973). 

P. tenellus (Nutt.) Gray Slender Popcorn Flower 

Small, erect annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Widely distributed in Grassland and Savanna, but not 

conspicuous. Blooms Mar. - May. [Presence 20% o-f plots, frequency 3% on two plots in 1978] 

P. trachycarpus (Gray) Johnston. 

Spreading annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Locally common in compacted, disturbed spots that drain 

poorly. Driveway at Upper Garage, Upper Lane. Several collections originally called P. reticulatus were 

determined as P. trachycarpus by P. Kamb. Blooms Mar. - Apr. 

P. uncinatus J.T. Howell Hooked Popcorn Flower 

Much branched annual herb, stems with abundant purple dye, < 25 cm. tall. All specimens come from 

Watertank Hill region, all were blooming in May. Uncommon. 

Brassicaceae - Mustard Family 

Arabis glabra (L.) Bernh. Tower Mustard 

Biennial herb, < 1.5 m. tall. Widely distributed in low densities in Grassland and Foothill Woodland, 

particularly in seasonally wet spots, never abundant in any one area. Blooms Apr.- Aug. [Presence 15% 

o-f plots] 

Athysanus pusillus (Hook.) Greene Sandweed 

Small winter annual, < 20 cm tall. Widespread but inconspicuous in Grassland and Foothill Woodland. 

31

Blooms Feb.- Apr. [Presence 30% o-f plots, frequency 34% plot 443 in 197l. Presence 20% uncult. plots, 

frequency 64% plot 458 in 1973. Presence 43% Blue Oak S/D plots] 

Barbarea orthoceras Ledeb. American Wintercress 

Large biennial herb, < 1.3 m. tall. Scattered in seasonally wet spots; Big Creek above the well, 

Robertson Creek. Blooms Apr. - Jun. 

Brassica nigra (L.) Koch. Black Mustard 

Introduced annual herb, < 2 m. tall. Scattered in disturbed areas. Blooms Feb. - Jun. 

B. rapa L. Field Mustard 

Introduced annual herb, < 1.5 m. tall. In the past widespread in cultivated fields and heavily grazed 

portions of grassland, now uncommon in some disturbed areas. Blooms Jan. - Jun. 

Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic. Shepherd's Purse 

Introduced annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Blooms Jan. - May, in fruit until Jul. [Presence 10% o-f plots, 

frequency 2% plot 441 in 1973. Present uncult. plot 450] 

Cardamine californica (Torrey & A. Gray) E. Green var. integrifolia (Torrey & Gray) Rollins 

Milkmaids 

Perennial herb from rhizomes, < 50 cm. tall. Scattered in understory of Mixed Hardwood Forest and 

shady portions of Foothill Woodland. Blooms Jan. - Apr. Browsed by deer. Hoover 1970, Howitt and 

Howell 1973. [Excl. 1606] 

Cardamine oligosperma Torrey & A. Gray. 

Annual herb, < 25 cm. tall. Widely scattered in woodland openings, savanna, and shady portions of 

Grassland. Sometimes conspicuous under the "Plaque Oak" in front of the Scott Barn. Blooms Feb. - 

Mar.[Present o-f plot 443, frequency 2% in 1973. Presence 14% blue oak S/D plots] 

Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. Hoary Cress. 

Perennial herb, < 60 cm. tall. Scattered in yard of the Robertson House. SS. 4005, 27 Mar. 1986 

Descurainia pinnata (Walter) Britton ssp. menziesii (DC.) Detl. Western Tansy Mustard 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Uncommon in Grassland and Savanna, Gate Field, Lower Red Hill. Blooms 

Apr. 

D. sophia (L.) Webb. 

Introduced annual herb, < 80 cm. tall. Two collections at Old Chicken Pens: 11 Jun. 1948, (QT 252 28, 

May 1949, QT 299 ). These are the only collections cited in Howitt and Howell 1964. Not established. 

Draba verna L. Whitlow-Grass 

Introduced small winter annual herb, < 10 cm. tall. Locally common in sparse areas in Grassland, 

particularly shady slopes which freeze in winter e.g., N. Watertank Hill, or shady terraces along 

Robertson Creek. First reservation record in 1963, GLS on Carmel Valley Rd.; KW did not find any 

plants in 1964 or 1965. In 1969 JRG noticed populations on lower Arnold Rd., Martin Rd., and Old 

County Rd. In Mar 1972 it was common on margins of Corral Field, Home Field, and Red Tank Flat. 

Although the plant is inconspicuous, it probably was absent until the 1960's and has expanded rapidly 

since then. Blooms Dec. - Mar., may flower when < 1 cm. tall. [Presence o-f plots 20%, frequency 12% 

plot 444 in 1973. Present uncult. plot 451, frequency 3% in 1978. Present S.E. Robertson and Lower 

Barn sandflat plots] 

Erysimum capitatum (Doug.) Greene Douglas Wallflower 

Biennial herb, < 150 cm. tall. Scattered in exposed slopes in woodland openings, never abundant in 

any one area, several collections along Martin Rd., and Carmel Valley Rd. in Finch Canyon. Blooms 

Mar. - Jun. 

32

Guillenia lasiophylla (H.&A.) E. Greene California Mustard 

Annual herb. 40cm. tall. Several collections Haystack Hill Burn; last collected there in l944. Scattered 

in S. Red Hill Grassland in l973. Blooms Feb.- Jun. [Presence l5% uncult. plots, frequency 4% plot 454 

in l973] 

Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagr.-Fossat Summer Mustard 

Introduced biennial herb, < 1 m. tall. One collection, near Main Gate, 14 Aug. 1943, (JL 65). 

Lepidium nitidum Torrey & Gray Common Pepper Grass 

Annual herb, < 25 cm. tall. Widely distributed in sparse portions of the Grassland and Savanna. 

Blooms Jan. - Apr. [Presence o-f plots 40%, frequency 43% plot 430 in 1978. Presence uncult. plots 

55%, frequency 34% plot 

451 in 1973. Presence 43% blue oak S/D plots] 

L. perfoliatum L. Shield Cress 

Introduced annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. A few plants present in Cow Pasture in 1938 (when it was still a 

pasture). No plants seen since grazing in the pasture stopped in 1939. 

L. pinnatifidum Ledeb. Introduced annual herb. 2-5 dm. Disturbed areas. 

Lepidium strictum (Wats.) Rattan Wayside Peppergrass 

Introduced decumbent to erect annual herb; < 25 cm. tall. Local in heavily disturbed areas. Blooms 

Apr. - May. Bunkhouse 5 Apr. 1938, (JL sn); Ranch House garage, 3 Mar. 1980, (JRG 4181) growing 

with L nitidum. 

Raphanus sativus L. Wild Radish 

Introduced annual herb, < 80 cm. tall. Blooms Feb. - Jun. Uncommon in Old-fields before cultivation 

stopped. Last collected in Vineyard in 1951. 

Rorippa nasturtium- aquaticum (L.) Hayek Watercress 

Introduced aquatic perennial herb; < 60 cm. tall. Blooms over an extended period, May - Dec. Typically 

grows in quiet pools of perennial sections of the creeks. In the past it grew along Big Creek, even in the 

Headquarters area; currently grows mostly in the wettest sections of Robertson Creek. 

Sinapis arvensis L. Charlock 

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Two collections near Red House 9 Mar. 1947, (CC 536); 11 Jun. 

1948, (QT 255). 

Sisymbrium altissimum L. Tumble Mustard 

Introduced annual herb; < 1 m. tall. Blooms May - Aug. A few plants appeared near Chicken pen 1944, 

1946; near Pigeon Pen 1946. 

S. officinale (L.) Scop. Hedge Mustard 

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Scattered in disturbed areas in past, now uncommon in Grassland 

and Foothill Woodland. Blooms May - Oct. Gate Field. [Present uncult. plot 450, frequency 4% in 1973. 


Streptanthus glandulosus Hook. Jewel Flower 

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Scattered in low density in sparse S. aspect Grassland: Red Hill, 

Haystack Hill, School Hill, Poison Oak Hill. Blooms Apr. - Jun. Browsed by deer. [Presence 15% uncult. 

plots, frequency 40% plot 453 in 1978] 

Thysanocarpus curvipes Hook. Fringe Pod 

33

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Variable in fruit characters; Hoover recognized var. elegans F & M as a 

species. Foothill Woodland, often in more open areas than T. laciniatus. Blooms Mar. - Jun. [Presence 

80% o-f plots, frequency 66% plot 431 in 1973. Presence 10% uncult. plots, frequency 8% plot 458 in 

1973. Presence 43% in blue oak S/D plots] 

T. laciniatus Torrey & A. Gray Narrow-Leaved Fringe Pod 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Scattered in shady areas in grassland; more common in Foothill Woodland 

than T. curvipes. Blooms Mar. - Jun. [Presence 10% o-f plots, not on frequency quadrats. Presence 10% 

uncult. plots, frequency 5% plot 451 in 1978. Presence 71% blue oak S/D plots] 

Tropidocarpum gracile Hook. Dobie Pod 

Annual herb, < 80 cm. tall. Uncommon in disturbed Grassland areas. Common along Lane in Gate Field 

at times. Blooms Mar. - Apr. [Presence 25% o-f plots, frequency 4% plots 490, 444 in 1973. Present 

uncult. plot 450, frequency 8% in 1978] 

Callitrichaceae - Water Starwort Family 

Callitriche marginata Torr. 

Small prostrate annual herb, growing on wet soil, stems < 1 cm. long. One collection from inside 

Exclosure 1609 in the 1955 chaparral burn above the Red House (17 Apr. 1956 BH 851 ). Easily 

overlooked unless one crawls around the margins of vernal pools or various mud-holes. 

Campanulaceae - Bellflower Family 

Githopsis diffusa Gray 

Annual herb, < 25 cm. tall. In Monterey County the two ssp. are similar and may grow together. The 

calyx tube and corolla are wider in ssp. robusta. 

ssp. diffusa Blooms Apr. - Jun. E. Arnold Place 26 May 1948, (QT 50); 15 Jun. 1953, (JH 

29082). Chromosome number n = 10 (Morin 1983) 

ssp. robusta Morin. May grow with G. specularioides but in shadier spots. Blooms Apr. - Jun. 

School Hill, 26 May 1979, (NRM 284); 13 May 1978, (NRM 222). Chromosome number n = 20 (Morin 

1983). 

G. specularioides Nutt. Blue Cup 

Annual herb, < 15 cm. tall. Uncommon in sparse areas of Grassland or margins of Foothill Woodland. 

Blooms May - Jun. Poison Oak Hill, Home Field (Morin 1983). Chromosome number n = 19 (Morin 

1983). [Presence 15% 

o-f plots, frequency 03% plot 431 in 1978. Presence 10% uncul. plots, frequency 6% plot 451 in 1975] 

Nemacladus longiflorus Gray Long Flowered Thread Plant 

Annual herb, < 55 cm. tall. Scattered in Grassland, Chaparral. Blooms May - Jul. Haystack Hill burn, S. 

Ravine, Robertson Creek. [Present o-f plot 447, frequency 13% in 1978] 

34

Triodanis biflora (Ruiz & Pavin) Greene Venus Looking Glass 

Slender, annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Uncommon in Haystack Hill burn, S. Ravine, lower Robertson 

Creek. 

Caprifoliaceae - Honeysuckle Family 

Lonicera interrupta Benth. Chaparral Honeysuckle 

Evergreen trailing shrub or woody vine,< 5 m. long. Common in Foothill Woodland and Mixed 

Hardwood Forest openings, scattered in Chaparral. Starts to bloom in Jun. In fruit Jul. - Nov. "It is a 

preferred deer food, among the more important species. Deer eat it whenever it is available and have 

established an average browse line of 62 inches". The berries are eaten by at least 19 species. 

[Presence 29% blue oak S/D plots; Excl. 1606, 1607] 

Lonicera subspicata H. & A. var. denudata Rehder Southern Honeysuckle 

Evergreen trailing shrub or woody vine, < 5 m. long. Uncommon, may not be clearly separated from L. 

interrupta. First noticed in Aug. 1967 on School Hill (B. Kasapligil 4207). 

Sambucus mexicana Presl. Blue Elderberry 

Deciduous tree or large shrub, < 5 m. tall. Widely distributed in Foothill Woodland and Mixed 

Hardwood Forest in low density -- more concentrated near creeks or canyon bottoms. Bloom Apr. - Jul., 

in fruit Jul. - Sep. Deer regularly browse all the foliage within reach. At least 30 species of birds eat the 

fruit. [Excl. 1607] 

Symphoricarpos albus (L.) S. F. Blake var. laevigatus (Fern.) S. F. Blake Common Snowberry 

Medium to large deciduous shrub, < 2 m. tall. Common on lower north slopes and along creeks in 

Mixed Hardwood Forest. Conspicuous on lower Big Creek. Blooms May - Jul. Browsed moderately by 

deer in late spring and summer; the conspicuous white fruits are not attractive to birds. 

Symphoricarpos mollis Nutt. Spreading Snowberry 

Low, spreading, deciduous shrub, < 1 m. tall. Scattered in the understory of Mixed Hardwood Forest on 

uplands, less riparian than the taller S. albus var. laevigatus. Blooms May - Jun. [Excl. 1606, 1607] 

Caryophyllaceae - Pink Family 

Cerastium glomeratum Thuill. Mouse-Ear Chickweed 

Introduced annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Widely distributed in Grassland and Foothill Woodland 

openings. Blooms Mar. - Jun. [Presence 90% o-f plots, frequency 100% plot 437 in 1973. Presence 45% 


Loeflingia squarrosa Nutt. 

Tiny annual herb, < 7 cm. tall. Uncommon in open sandy spots on alluvial terraces. Martin Road near 

Gate, Pipeline Flat. Blooms May. 

Minuartia californica (Gray) Mattf. 

Small annual herb, may be < 5 - 15 cm. tall. Uncommon in sparse areas of shady Grassland on sandy 

soils. Corral Field, Pipeline Flat, SE Home Field. May be similar to M. pusilla in size but has obvious 

petals. Blooms Apr. - May. 

M. douglasii (Torrey & Gray) Mattf. 

35

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Uncommon in Foothill Woodland openings. Upper Arnold Road. On 

Pipeline Flat it grows with M. californica. M. douglasii is taller, with longer leaves, more reddish, 

pubescent stems, and it blooms several weeks later. Blooms May - Jun. 

M. pusilla (Wats.) Mattf. 

Tiny annual herb, < 5 cm. tall. Rare in sparse areas of shady Grassland on sandy soils, easily 

overlooked. It is shorter than M. californica with petals much shorter or lacking; sepals more pointed. 

Blooms Apr. [Presence 5% o-f plots, frequency 10% plot 431 in 1971. Presence 15% uncult. plots, 


Polycarpon depressum Nutt. 

Tiny annual herb, < 8 cm. tall. Collected by JL in 1943, 1944, and 1951 in the 1937 Haystack Hill 

burn. No other records, but it could be easily overlooked. 

Sagina apetala Ard. Sticky Pearlwort, Dwarf Pearlwort 

Introduced tiny annual , < 4 cm. tall. Only one record, roadside above Main Gate 12 Jun. 1953, (JL 

310). This plant could be easily overlooked. 

S. decumbens (Elliott) Torrey & Gray ssp. occidentalis (S.Watson) G. Crow Western Pearlwort 

Small annual herb, < 12 cm. tall. Uncommon in disturbed Grassland. no locality, 26 May 1938, (JL sn); 

Museum yard, 22 May 1942, (FED 115). It could be easily overlooked or confused with Minuartia 

[Present 10 o-f plots, frequency 5% in plot 447 in 1978] 

Silene antirrhina L. Sticky Catchfly 

Annual herb, < 5 cm. tall. Periodically appears in low density in rocky portions of Grassland e.g. S.E. 

Red Hill growing with Streptanthus glandulosus and Salvia columbariae 21 Apr. 1973, (JRG 3422). It is 

never common or widespread. Blooms Apr. - May. 

Silene gallica L. Windmill Pink 

Introduced annual herb, < 55 cm. tall. Widely distributed, almost ubiquitous in Grassland and Foothill 

Woodland openings. Blooms Apr. - Jun. Deer selectively graze this plant from within the drying grass 

cover in early summer. [Presence 75% o-f plots, frequency 100% plot 448 in 1973. Presence 90% 


S. verecunda Wats. ssp. platyota (Wats.) Hitch. & Maguire Coast Pink 

Perennial herb, 40 cm. tall. One specimen no locality, 2 Jun. 1939 (JL sn). Species notes, 4 Jul. 1941, 

(M 76) lists a collection from Poison Oak Ridge N.E. of first Finch Creek Bridge - but no specimen from 

this collection is now available. This collection probably came from a rocky opening in the Mixed 

Hardwood Forest. 

Spergularia bocconii (Scheele) Merino 

Introduced annual herb, decumbent, < 10 cm. tall. Uncommon Martin Road, the Lane, and other 

disturbed spots. Blooms May - Jun. 

S. rubra (L.) J. & C. Presl. Purple Sand Spurrey 

Introduced annual herb, < 6 cm. tall. One collection grows with Loeflingia squarrosa on Martin Road 

W. of the Mail Boxes, 15 May 1945, (JL sn). 

Stellaria media (L.) Villars Common Chickweed 

Introduced annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Inconspicuous but common in Grassland and Foothill Woodland 

openings. Blooms Feb. - May. [Present 20% o-f plots, frequency 12% plot 443 in 1973. Presence 28% 

uncult. plots, frequency 20% plot 450 in 1973. Presence 86% blue oak S/D plots]. 

S. nitens Nutt. Shining Chickweed 

Annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Common in Grassland and Foothill Woodland openings but easily 

overlooked. Considering how widespread this species is, it is grossly under-represented in the 

36

eservation plant records. [Presence 45% o-f plots, frequency 86% plot 444 in 1973. Presence 25% 

uncul. plots, frequency 54% plot 451 in 1973. Presence 14% blue oak S/D plots] 

Chenopodiaceae - Goosefoot Family 

Chenopodium album L. Pigweed, Lamb's Quarters 

Introduced annual herb, < 75 cm. tall. Weed of disturbed spots. Four collections Dec. 1937, Aug. 1938, 

Jul. 1941; 1 Oct. 1941 near Long Field Marker 33, (LT 448). No other records. 

C. ambrosioides L. var. suffruticosum (Willd.) Aellen Mexican tea 

One specimen < 75 cm. tall. Horse lot, 21 Sep. 1946, CC 340). Howitt and Howell 1973. 

C. berlandieri Moq. Pitseed Goosefoot. 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Two specimens Pigeon Pen, 14 Jul. 1945,(JL 301, 302). Howitt and Howell 

1973. 

C. californicum (Wats.) Wats. California Goose Foot 

Perennial herb, < 75 cm. tall, branches often decumbent from a stout root stock < 3 cm. in diameter. 

Common in Foothill Woodland and Mixed Hardwood Forest understory in canyon bottoms and near 

streams. Blooms Apr. - May. Deer eat foliage, flowers, and seeds of green plants in winter and spring, 

then in summer consume remaining dry leaves.[Present o-f plots 446, 447] 

Chenopodium murale L. Nettle Leaf Goose Foot 

Introduced annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Weed of disturbed spots 4 Jul. 1941, Orchard (M 65); 11 Aug. 

1946, (CC 300, 302). 

Cistaceae - Rock-rose Family 

Helianthemum scoparium Nutt. Peak Rush Rose 

Suffrutescent perennial, < 50 cm. tall. Uncommon in disturbed spots in Chaparral or on roadcuts, 

locally common in Chaparral burns. S. Red Hill, Haystack Hill burn, Poison Oak Hill burn. [Chamise 

plots 1803, 1893] 

Convolvulaceae - Morning-glory Family 

Calystegia malacophylla (Greene) Munz ssp. pedicellata (Jeps.) Munz Woolly Morning Glory 

Perennial herbaceous vine, prostrate branches, < 50 cm. long. Scattered in rocky portions of Grassland, 

S. Red Hill, Haystack Hill, School Hill, Arnold Field. Blooms Apr. - Jun. [Present o-f plots 439, 445. 

Presence 15% uncult. plots, frequency 6% plot 467 in 1975] 

C. subacaulis H. & A. Hill Morning Glory 

Perennial herbaceous vine, prostrate branches < 70 cm. long. Many plants compact, short (3-10cm) 

vine branches. Home Field, Blomquist Knoll, many collections from vicinity of Pump. Blooms May - 

Jun. 

Convolvulus arvensis L. Bindweed 

Introduced perennial herbaceous vine, prostrate branches < 1 m. long. N.W. Long Field, S. Watertank 

Hill, Old County Road. Blooms Jun. - Jul. 

37

Cornaceae - Dogwood Family 

Cornus sericea L. ssp. occidentalis (Torrey & A. Gray) Fosb. 

Large deciduous shrub, < 3 m. tall. Three localities: Robertson Creek 200 m. above Finch Creek 

junction; Archer Creek near well; S. fork of Pipeline Ravine below Arnold Cabin. Blooms Jun. 

Crassulaceae - Stonecrop Family 

Crassula aquatica (L.) Schoenl. Water Pygmyweed 

Tiny aquatic annual herb, < 6 cm. tall. One collection Big Creek stream bed below Headquarters, 2 Jul. 

1941, (M 24). RARE 

C. connata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) A. Berger Sand Pygmy 

Tiny annual herb, < 8 cm. tall but depauperate plants often only several mm. tall. Widespread in 

sparely covered spots in Grassland and Foothill Woodland, easily overlooked. [Presence 35% o-f plots, 

frequency 45% plot 430 in 1978. Presence 65% uncult. plots, frequency 86% plot 455 in 1973. 


Dudleya lanceolata (Nutt.) Britt. & Rose 

Succulent herb with leaves in basal rosette, < 50 cm. tall. Scattered on rock outcrops: tip of Poison Oak 

Ridge, N.W. Red Hill, East Ravine, sand-stone outcrops Robertson Place. Blooms Jul.- Aug. 

Cucurbitaceae - Gourd Family 

Marah fabaceus (Naud.) Greene Common Manroot 

Herbaceous vine from large tuber, trailing branches may be several m. long. Widely scattered in 

Foothill Woodland and along Chaparral boundaries. Blooms Jan.- May. [Presence 10% o-f plots. 


Cuscutaceae - Dodder Family 

Cuscuta californica H. & A. Chaparral Dodder 

Annual leafless yellowish parasitic vine; may be several m. long, twining around a number of 

herbaceous and shrubby hosts including Artemisia, Eschscholzia, Marrubium, and Salix. 

C. subinclusa Durand & Hilg. Long Flowered Dodder 

Annual leafless orange parasitic vine; may be several m. long, often twining around shrubby hosts, 

including Artemisia, Rhamnus, and Toxicodendron. 

Datisca glomerata (Presl.) Baill. Durango root 

Datiscaceae - Datisca Family 

38

Large perennial herb with annual shoots, < 3 m. tall. Riparian, scattered along Finch Creek among 

boulders. Blooms Jun. - Aug. Shoots often browsed by deer. 

Ericaceae - Heath Family 

Arbutus menziesii Pursh. Madrone 

Large evergreen forest tree, < 25 m. tall. Sprouts vigorously from stumps. Blooms Feb. - May. Mixed 

with Quercus agrifolia and Q. chrysolepis in the local forms of Mixed Hardwood Forest. In some areas 

below the Arnold Road in Finch Canyon and on N. Poison Oak Hill there are dense stands of madrone 

trees several tenth-hectares in extent. These madrone groves have essentially no oaks present. 

Madrone appears to have seeded successfully into the Foothill Woodland in many places since cattle 

grazing stopped. This may be due to the active distribution of fruits by birds. Hastings is at the 

"interior" limit of madrone in this region, and none of the Hastings madrone trees approach the height 

or girth of the huge trees on Chews Ridge to the south of the reservation. [Excl. 1607] 

Arctostaphylos glandulosa Eastw. ssp. glandulosa 

Evergreen, burl-forming, sprouting shrubs, < 3 m. tall. Blooms Jan. - Mar. 

f. cushingiana (Eastw.) Wells. This non-glandular form is rare on Hastings with only several 

individuals found so far in the variable manzanita populations. Arnold Road, at N. edge First Chamise 

patch, 15 Feb. 1987, (JRG 5583). Lower Arnold Road specimens ( 22 Mar. 1947, C & C 578 ; 28 Jun. 

1947, C & C 799) appear similar to (JRG 5583) but have conspicuous white bristles scattered on the 

canescent twigs. 

f. glandulosa Glandular forms predominate in the manzanita populations of the chaparral 

areas, many specimens collected. Largest number of colonies are east of Old County Road Dump on 

Robertson Annex. These tiny shrub communities approach "manzanita chaparral" in structure. 

A. glauca Lindl. Bigberry Manzanita 

Evergreen non-sprouting shrub, < 3 m. tall. Blooms Dec. - Mar. Rana Creek drainage may be the 

northern limit in the Santa Lucia Range. Uncommon at Hastings. One shrub N. Poison Oak Hill 16 Feb. 

1970 (JRG 3081); one shrub S Finch Canyon 16 Feb. 1972 (JRG 3161); 2 shrubs Manzanita Hill; 

scattered shrubs N. Robertson Annex 7 Jan. 1985,(JRG 5416). Locally common in chaparral from 

Paloma Creek drainage southward in the Coast Ranges. Planted in Office yard (from unknown source) 

where they have made very attractive shrubs. These shrubs have suffered from snow breakage, and a 

bark disease. 

A. tomentosa (Pursh) Lindley 

Evergreen burl-forming shrub, < 2.5 m. tall. This species is scattered in very low numbers in a number 

of places on the reserve. Two specimens below Arnold Cabin 14 Jun. 1953, (JTH 29078) ; 5 Jan. 1951, 

(QT 3109) appear to lack stomata on upper leaf surface and key out to tomentosa. But neither 

specimen fits well within ssp. tomentosa (Wells 1987). 

Euphorbiaceae - Spurge Family 

Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small Spotted Spurge 

Introduced, small annual herb. Growing in Hallisey House yard. SS. 4022. Not established. 

C. serpyllifolia ( Pers.) Small ssp. hirtula (S. Watson) Koutnik Pine Spurge 

Annual herb, < 10 cm. tall. Several collections on Martin Road between Mail-boxes and Robertson Gate. 

Blooms May - Jun. 

Eremocarpus setigerus (Hook.) Benth. Dove Weed 

39

Annual herb, somewhat procumbent, < 25 cm. tall. Locally common in Grassland and Savanna. Seeds 

germinate in early spring but plants do not bloom until summer. Plants are conspicuous in fall, many 

birds feed on seeds. [Presence 55% o-f plots, frequency 100% plot 442 in 1978. Presence 60% uncult 

plots, frequency 78% plot 450 in 1978] 

Euphorbia crenulata Engelm. Chinese Caps 

Annual or short-lived perennial herb, < 60 cm. tall. Widely scattered in low density in Mixed 

Hardwood Forest and shady areas of the Oak Woodland. Pipeline Ravine, Finch Creek Canyon. 

E. peplus L. Petty Spurge 

Introduced annual herb, < 25 cm. tall. One collection, School Yard, 18 Mar. 1954, (JTH). 

E. spathulata Lam. Reticulate Seeded Spurge 

Annual herb, < 25 cm. tall. Uncommon in Grassland. [Presence 5% o-f plots. Presence 10% uncult. 

plots, frequency 10% plot 451 in 1973]. 

Fabaceae - Pea Family 

Astragalus douglasii (T. & G.) Gray Rattleweed 

Perennial herb from a stout taproot, branches procumbent forming clumps < 50 cm. tall and < 1 m. 

broad. Locally common on sandstone outcrops on Red Hill, Watertank Hill, Robertson Annex. Blooms 

Apr. - Jun. [Present 

plot 340] 

A. gambelianus Sheld. Dwarf Locoweed 

Annual herb, < 25 cm. tall. Widely scattered in Grassland and Savanna. Blooms Apr. - Jun. [Presence 

15% o-f plots, frequency 24% plot 430 in 1973. Presence 55% uncult. plots, frequency 32% plot 461 in 

1973. Presence 43% in blue oak S/D plots] 

Genista monspessulana (L.) L. Johnson French Broom 

Introduced evergreen shrub, < 3 m. tall. Used in landscaping near buildings. However, it spread into 

adjacent natural habitats, particularly near the School and the Old County Road dump where yard 

trimmings were piled. At the Ranch House seedlings keep periodically appearing where a parental 

shrub was removed in 1967. One large shrub was found on lower Buckeye Hill. Almost entirely 

removed from reservation by 1994. 

Hoita macrostachya ( DC.) Rydb. Leather Root 

Erect perennial herb from woody rootstock, < 2.5 m. tall. Scattered along Finch Creek and lower 

Robertson Creek. Blooms Jun. - Sep. Browsed by deer. 

H. orbicularis ( Lindl.) Rydb. Round-Leaved Psoralea 

Perennial herb with prostrate stems, leaves < 50 cm. tall. Uncommon along Finch Creek and Robertson 

Creek. Blooms Jun. - Jul. 

Lathyrus jepsonii Greene var. californicus (Wats.) Hoover Buff Pea 

Perennial herbaceous vine, < 1.5 m. long. Two collections in rocky canyon bottoms lower Big Creek, 29 

May 1945, (JL 299); tip of Poison Oak Ridge, 29 Jun. 1946, (QT 233A). 

L. vestitus Nutt. var. vestitus 

Perennial herbaceous vine, < 3 m. long. Widespread and locally common in Oak Woodland and Mixed 

Hardwood Forest openings, especially in canyon bottoms and lower slopes. Blooms Mar. - Jul. 

40

Lotus grandiflorus (Benth.) Greene var. grandiflorus Chaparral Lotus 

Low perennial herb from woody base, < 35 cm. tall. Most collections from Home Field and adjacent 

slopes of Watertank Hill. A few records from Arnold Place and NW corner of the reservation. 

Sometimes browsed by deer. Blooms May - Jun. [Present Home Field oak regeneration plot 1] 

L. humistratus Greene 

Annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Uncommon in rocky areas of Grassland. Only one collection (S. Red Hill, 2 

May 1973, JRG 3481 ). Can be easily confused with the similar looking but less pubescent L. 

wrangelianus and probably has been overlooked. [Present on uncult. plot 433, frequency of 30% in 

1978] 

L. micranthus Benth. Hill Lotus 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Widely distributed in small numbers, particularly near woodland margins. 

Less conspicuous than the other annual species of lotus. Blooms Mar. - Jul. [Present o-f plot 443] 

L. purshianus (Benth.) Clem. & Clem. var. purshianus Spanish Clover 

Annual herb, < 55 cm. tall. Common in Old-fields, Grasslands and Savannas. Blooms later than the 

other annual lotus species, sometimes up to Oct., of-ten in full bloom May and Jun. [Presence 45% in of 

plots, frequency 60% plot 447 in 1978. Presence 10% in uncult. plots, frequency 8% plot 463 in 

1978] 

L. scoparius (Nutt.) Ottley Deerweed 

Sub-shrub with conspicuous green stems, may be almost leafless by late summer, < 1 m. tall. Common 

along margins of Chaparral and in the Coastal Sage Scrub. Scattered in Grassland on some steep or 

rocky slopes, e.g. S.W. Poison Oak Hill. Often conspicuous after fires or disturbance. There have been a 

series of colonies near the summit of North Field hill. The first lotus stand started after cultivation 

stopped in 1937, it had died by 1943, but was replaced by a new stand in the same area. By the 1980's 

only scattered plants were present in this area. By 1994, a good stand of shrubs was again present on 

the summit. Blooms May - Nov., often in full bloom in Jun. Deerweed is an important browse species 

for deer in spring and summer. [Presence 10% o-f plots. Presence 15% uncult. plots, frequency 3% plot 

461 in 1978] 

Lotus strigosus (Nutt.) Greene Bishop Lotus 

Annual herb, < 35 cm. tall. Scattered in o-f and Grassland, more conspicuous in sparse sandy, S. 

slopes, e.g. below chamise patches. Blooms Mar.- Jun. Flowers attractive, plant could be used in 

diminutive "rock gardens". [Presence 23% o-f plots, frequency 13% plot 430 in 1978. Presence 45% 

uncult. plots, frequency 23% plot 467 in 1978. Presence 43% in blue oak S/D plots. Frequency 96% 

Lower Barn alluvial flat plot in 1985] 

L. wrangelianus Fischer & C. Meyer California Lotus 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Common in Old-fields, Grassland, and Savanna. Blooms Apr. - Jul. [Presence 

68% in o-f plots, frequency 100% plot 432. Presence 95% uncult. plots, frequency 86% plot 458 in 


Lupinus arboreus Sims Yellow Bush Lupine 

Evergreen shrub, < 1.5 m. tall. In 1973 one shrub appeared along Carmel Valley Road (mi. 26.3). This 

shrub died in 1976, but another shrub appeared nearby in 1977. No shrubs present in 1987. In 1972 a 

shrub appeared along Carmel Valley Road on the Oak Ridge Ranch; a few shrubs remained in that 

vicinity for many years. The Hastings shrubs may have started from seed dispersal by road machinery 

from the Oak Ridge Ranch shrubs. 

L. bicolor Lindl. Miniature Lupine 

41

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Common in Old-fields, Grassland, and Savanna. The most widely 

distributed lupine on the reservation, but not as conspicuous when in bloom as L. nanus. Blooms Mar. 

- Jun. [Presence 85% o-f plots, frequency 94% plot 448 in 1973. Presence 70% uncult. plots, frequency 

48% plot 468 in 1978. Presence 100% blue oak S/D plots] 

L. concinnus J.G. Agardh. Bajada Lupine 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Uncommon in open sandy spots on Robertson Creek terraces, some rocky 

slopes on Martin Road. Blooms Feb. - Apr. 

L. formosus Greene Lunara Lupine 

Perennial with annual shoots from a woody caudex, < 45 cm. tall. Locally common in Foothill 

Woodland and Mixed Hardwood Forest openings, usually in conspicuous colonies. Heavily browsed by 

deer, the colonies in Home Field seldom have a chance to bloom because of deer browsing. Blooms 

May - Jun. [Presence o-f plots 5%, frequency 2% plot 438 in 1973] Intensive studies in 1993 (G. 

LeBuhn) indicated single annual flowering period. 

L. hirsutissimus Benth. Stinging Lupine 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall, with conspicuous nettle-like hairs. Localized in rocky spots, often in 

Chaparral, sometimes in disturbed areas such as road cuts. Always present on landslides within the 

Arnold Road chamise patches. Blooms Mar. - Jul. [Present uncult. plot 453, frequency 2%] 

L. microcarpus Sims var. densiflorus (Benth) Jepson Gully Lupine 

Annual herb, < 45 cm. tall. Uncommon on reservation; more common along Carmel Valley Road. A few 

plants in Big Creek Canyon near Indian Rock, Finch Creek Canyon; plants common in Menke blue oak 

savanna exclosure. Blooms Apr.- Jun. [Presence uncult. plots 15%, frequency 4% plot 456 in 1973] 

L. nanus Benth Sky Lupine 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Less widespread than L. bicolor but more conspicuous, forming dense 

patches of deep blue in Old-fields, Grassland, and Savanna in favorable years. On warm days the sweet 

odor from these lupine patches can be overwhelming. Blooms late Mar. to early Jun. [Presence o-f 

plots, frequency 100% plot 443 in 1973. Presence 35% uncult. plots, frequency 60% plot 468 in 1978. 


L. succulentus Koch Arroyo Lupine 

Ann. herb,

Introduced annual herb, < 2 m. tall. Scattered along Robertson and Finch Creeks in low density. It was 

planted along upper Robertson Creek in 1930 forming some dense stands. By 1944 only a few plants 

persisted in that area. Blooms Jun. - Nov. 

M. indica (L.) All. Yellow Sweet Clover 

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Scattered along most of the larger creeks and in some upland 

spots with summer moisture. Heavily browsed by deer at times. Blooms Apr. - Jul. 

Pisum sativum L. Field Pea 

Introduced annual viny herb < 2 m. long. One collection (JL in 1938) no additional information 

available. Not established. 

Robinia pseudoacacia L. Black Locust 

Introduced large deciduous trees, < 19 m. tall, 89 cm. dbh. Planted near the Ranch House, Hastings 

Cabin and Lower Barn during the early ranching era. Root-sprouts from Ranch House trees have 

spread across Big Creek. New leaves occasionally damaged by late spring frosts (e.g., 25°C on 29 Apr. 

1952). Heavy aphid attacks sometimes cause many leaves to drop during the summer. Bees are 

strongly attracted to the flowers, particularly the pink-flowered tree growing near the School. 

Rupertia physodes (Hook.) Grimes California Tea 

Perennial herb, < 60 cm. tall. Locally common in Foothill Woodland and Mixed Hardwood Forest slopes 

as well as canyon bottoms. Conspicuous along road on Lower Arnold Flat. Blooms May - Jul. 

Thermopsis macrophylla H. & A. False Lupine 

Perennial herb, < 60 cm. tall. Rare on Hastings, one colony (2.5 m. x 6 m.) at head of Poison Oak Ridge 

beneath blue oaks 21 May 1940, (QT 294). Blooms in May. Locally common at higher elevations in the 

Santa Lucias. 

Trifolium albopurpureum T. & G. Rancheria Clover 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Common in Old-fields, Grassland, and Savanna. Blooms Apr. - Jun. 

[Presence 85% 

o-f plots, frequency 58% plot 433 in 1973. Presence 90% uncult. plots, frequency 90% plot 468 in 


T. barbigerum Torr. Colony Clover 

Annual herb,< 25 cm. tall. Uncommon Old-fields, Grassland, and Savanna. Blooms Apr. - Jun. [Present 

o-f plot 437, frequency 20% in 1978. Present blue oak S/D plot 11] 

Trifolium bifidum Gray Pinole Clover 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Uncommon in Old-fields, Grassland, and Savanna. Blooms Apr. - May. 

Some plants at Hastings have leaves that are only slightly bifid and approach var. decipiens. [Presence 

29% blue oak S/D plots] 

T. ciliolatum Benth. 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Several collections from Finch Creek Canyon Blooms Apr. - Jun. [Presence 

10% uncult plots, frequency 2% plot 466 in 1975. Presence 14% blue oak S/D plots] 

T. depauperatum Desv. var. amplectens (T.&G.) L F. McDermott Bladder Clover 

Annual herb, < 15 cm. tall. Uncommon in Grassland and Savanna Apr. - May. [Presence 15% uncult. 

plots, frequency 48% plot 450 in 1973. Presence 14% blue oak S/D plots] 

43

T. dubium Sibth. Little Hop Clover, Shamrock 

Introduced annual herb, < 15 cm. tall. Collected by J.T. Howell, 15 Jun. 1953 in headquarters lawn. 

T. gracilentum T. & G. 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Widely distributed and locally common in Grassland, Old-fields, and Oak 

Woodland. Blooms Apr.- Jun. [Presence 100% o-f plots 1973, 1978; frequency 98% plot 458 in 1973. 


T. hirtum All. Rose Clover 

Introduced annual herb, densely villous, < 40 cm. tall. Rare in Old-fields and Foothill Woodland on 

Robertson Annex. Old County Road S.E. School Hill. Widely scattered in grassland on adjacent ranches. 

[Present o-f plot 341]. 

T. microcephalum Pursh Maiden Clover 

Annual herb, branches often procumbent, < 60 cm. long. Widespread in Grassland, Old-fields, and Oak 

Woodland. Blooms Apr. - Jul. [Presence o-f plots 100%; frequency 93% plot 435 in 1978. Presence 

uncult. plots 70%, frequency 78% plot 469 in 1975. Presence 71% blue oak S/D plots] 

T. microdon H. & A. Valparaiso Clover 

Annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Uncommon, only one collection ( 24 May 1948 QT 17 N.E. slope School 

Hill). 

T. obtusiflorum H.&A. Creek Clover 

Annual herb, < 70 cm. tall. Five collections along Finch Creek. Small patches grow on sandy places and 

among rocks at several places along Finch Creek. Blooms Jun. - Jul. 

T. oliganthum Steud. Few-Flowered Clover 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Uncommon in Grassland, Old-fields, and Oak Woodland. Blooms May - Jun. 

[Presence 15% uncult. plots, frequency 2% plot 460 in 1973. Presence 86% blue oak S/D plots] 

T. variegatum Nutt. White-Tipped Clover 

Annual herb, branches often decumbent, < 55 cm. long. Early leaflets may be obcordate, later leaflets 

linear. Widely distributed but usually at low densities, often in seasonably wet habitats, e.g. drying 

creek beds, or old erosion gullies. Blooms Apr. - Jul. [Presence 14% blue oak S/D plots] 

T. willdenovii Sprengel Tomcat Clover 

Annual herb, < 55 cm. tall. Widely distributed at low densities in Grass-land and Old-fields; more 

common in woodland and forest openings. Blooms Apr. - Jun. [Presence 5% o-f plots. Presence 15% 


Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. 

Perennial herb, somewhat decumbent branches, < 50 cm. long. Uncommon in moist spots. Several 

collections from Robertson Creek, one from Finch Creek. Blooms May - Jul. 

Vicia americana Willd. American Vetch 

Herbaceous perennial vine, trailing branches < 2 m. long. Uncommon in Foot-hill Woodland. Blooms 

Apr. - Jun. Watertank Hill. [Presence 29% blue oak S/D plots]. Present but uncommon N,E. School Hill, 

S. Haystack Hill. 

V. hassei Wats. 

44

Annual viny herb, < 1 m. tall. Uncommon in Grassland and Savanna. Blooms Apr. - Jun. Lassetter, JS 

1975. [Present o-f plot 445, frequency 4% in 1973; presence 19% uncult. plots, frequency 6% plot 453 

in 19873. Present blue S/D plot 11] 

V. sativa L. ssp. nigra (L.) Erhart Common Vetch, Narrow Leaved Vetch 

Introduced annual viny herb, < 1 m. tall. Uncommon in Old-fields. [Presence 15% o-f plots, frequency 

14% 

plot 447 in 1973. Presence blue oak S/D plots 14%] 

V. sativa L. ssp. sativa Spring Vetch 

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Probably present in hayfields in the past. Two collections, 2nd 

Crossing Big Creek, 21 Apr. 1938 (JL sn); Water-tank Hill, 14 Jun. 1942, (FD 289). Not established. 

V. villosa Roth ssp. varia (Host) Corbière 

Introduced annual viny herb, < 1 m. tall. Uncommon in Old-fields. Blooms May - Jun. Watertank Hill, S. 

Haystack Hill. [Present o-f plot 447, frequency 16% in 1973] 

V. villosa Roth ssp. villosa Winter Vetch, Hairy Vetch 

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. One collection, no locality, 8 Jun. 1938, (JL sn). Not established. 

Fagaceae - Oak Family 

Quercus agrifolia Nee Coast Live Oak 

Large evergreen tree, < 173 cm. dbh, < 27 m. tall. Common, often dominant in the Mixed Hardwood 

Forest; scattered in the more mesic slopes of the Foothill Woodland, where it is increasing in the 

absence of fire and live-stock grazing. This species has no regeneration problems. Coast live oak 

sustains heavy limb breakage when there is a wet snowfall over 10 cm., as in Jan. 1974. It is the most 

browse resistant of local oaks; occasional trees have no browse line at all. Extremes in flowering from 

late Jan.- mid May, but most trees bloom Feb. - Mar. Acorns mature later than those of other oaks, 

often still falling in Nov. - Dec. A few acorns may still be in the crown when flowering starts the 

following season. [Seedling presence 10% o-f plots, 5% uncult. plots, 15% blue oak S/D plots] 

Q. X alvordiana Eastw. 

Small deciduous trees which are hybrid derivatives of Q. douglasii and Q. turbinella, < 8 m. tall. There 

are scattered individuals within the Foothill Woodland. On N. aspect of Haystack Hill (on adjacent Oak 

Ridge Ranch) there are many of these hybrids scattered around the Buckeye - Live oak stands - and 

there are also groups of oak that approach Q. turbinella in appearance. These hybrids are most 

conspicuous in winter when normal Q. douglasii are leafless but the hybrids still have many leaves. QT 

observed these hybrids in 1952 but did not connect their semi-evergreen character with Q. turbinella. 

Quercus X chasei McMinn, Babcock, & Righter 

Small to medium semi-deciduous tree, < 20 m. tall. Hybrids, usually F-1's, between Q. agrifolia and Q. 

kelloggii New. Uncommon in the Oak Woodland and Mixed Hardwood Forest where both parents are 

present. J. Tucker noticed one hybrid at Hastings in 1941 (Wolf 1944). Wolf mentioned this specimen 

when describing Q. X chasei. QT found over 10 examples of this hybrid in the winter of 1951. The 

hybrid trees are quite conspicuous when the normal black oaks are leafless. JRG relocated most of the 

hybrids QT had mentioned but found very few additional hybrids. The foliage of these hybrids often 

looks shabby in the summer because of mildew problems (JRG). Mc Minn, Babcock, and Righter 1949. 

45

Q. chrysolepis Liebm. Canyon Live Oak 

Large evergreen tree, < 150 cm. dbh, 15 m. tall. Locally dominant in the Mixed Hardwood Forest at 

Hastings, but not forming extensive stands as at higher elevations in the Santa Lucias. Common upper 

Finch Creek Canyon, West Ravine, South Ravine, N. base Poison Oak Ridge. Blooms later than the other 

oaks; buds may 

still be dormant in early May. [Seedling presence 14% blue oak S/D plots] 

Q. douglasii H. & A. Blue Oak 

Medium to large deciduous tree, < 130 cm. dbh, 15 m. tall. Largest trees are on summit of Poison Oak 

Hill and Hogwallow Ridge. Dominates the Foothill Woodland, scattered in the driest portions of the 

Mixed Hardwood Forest. Although seedlings are often abundant after favorable seasons, few seedlings 

ever reach sapling size at Hastings (Griffin 1971, White 1966). [Seedling presence 15% o-f plots and 

uncult. plots. Tree presence 100% blue oak S/D plots] 

Q. john-tuckeri K. Nixon & C.H. Muller Shrub Live Oak, Tucker's Oak 

Large semi-evergreen shrub, < 7 m. tall. Rare at Hastings, probably not present in typical form. There 

is a small population on the Oak Ridge Ranch portion of N. Haystack Hill that approaches typical Q. 

john-tuckeri but even these show some introgression from Q. douglasii. Quercus john-tuckeri is 

common in the Paloma Creek drainage to the SE of Hastings. 

Q. X jolonensis Sargent 

Medium to large deciduous tree, < 70 cm. dbh, 18 m. tall. Hybrid between Q. douglasii and Q. lobata, 

intermediate in many characters, but usually resembles Q. lobata more than Q. douglasii. One example 

overhangs the driveway bridge crossing Big Creek at reservation Headquarters. 

Q. kelloggii Newb. California Black Oak 

Large deciduous tree, < 150 cm. dbh, < 20 m. tall. Locally common in Mixed Hardwood Forest, 

particularly on higher slopes west of Carmel Valley Road e.g. above the Arnold Place. Blooms relatively 

early, many trees are in full bloom by Mar. The expanding new leaves are a conspicuous reddish color; 

the falling leaves in autumn turn attractive gold and yellow colors. 

Q. lobata Nee Valley Oak 

Large deciduous tree, < 155 cm. dbh, 23 m. tall. Common in portions of the Foothill Woodland with 

deeper soils; scattered in low density in the Mixed Hardwood Forest. It locally replaces Q. douglasii as 

the dominant in savannas as in Post Flat on Poison Oak Hill. Valley oak is most conspicuous on alluvial 

terraces where it is mixed with Q. agrifolia and riparian species. Although valley oak seedlings are 

common in good seasons, sapling sized valley oaks are rare on the reservation (Griffin 1971, 1973, 

1976, 1979). Blooming may start in late Feb., but is most common and widespread in Apr. - May. Early 

blooming trees are frost-damaged in some seasons. [Seedling presence 25% 

o-f plots, frequency 3% plot 434 in 1978. Seedling presence 43% blue oak S/D plots] 

Q. X munzii Tucker 

Small semi-deciduous tree, < 7 m. tall. Hybrids between Q. lobata and Q. john-tuckeri (Tucker 1968). 

Rare in Foothill Woodland. One good example on Watertank Hill above the Brown House. This tree 

often produces good acorn crops. Seedlings from this tree have extremely variable leaf characters. 

Tucker 1968. 

Quercus wislizenii A.DC. Interior Live Oak 

Large shrub, < 5 m. tall. One small population on steep N. slope of South Ravine in scrubby Mixed 

Hardwood Forest discovered by W.K. in 1979. Locally common in Chaparral and Mixed Hardwood 

Forest at higher elevations both east (in Sierra de Salinas) and west (in main Santa Lucia Range). 

Garryaceae - Silk-tassel Family 

46

Garrya flavescens Wats. 

Evergreen shrub, < 3 m. tall. Rare at Hastings. Two large shrubs on sand-stone outcrop within 

Chaparral on the Robertson Annex, 21 Jul. 1987, (JRG 5595). Common at higher elevations in the 

Chaparral of the Santa Lucia Range. Dahling 1978. 

Gentianaceae - Gentian Family 

Centaurium davyi (Jeps.) Abrams 

Annual herb, < 12 cm. tall. One collection, 20 May 1964 (KW sn) Stipa pulchra stand #1108 on W edge 

of reservation near Woodcutter Flat. 

Geraniaceae - Geranium Family 

Erodium botrys (Cav.) Bertol. Long-beaked Filaree 

Introduced annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Dominant in parts of North Field, Hastings Cabin Field, 

Robertson Saddle Field, NE Tire Flat; scattered in other areas but absent from much of the Grassland 

on the reservation. The dominance of this plant on North Field is impressive and can be seen from far 

away: From the Arnold Place, the circular stand above the Hastings Cabin stands out conspicuously to 

the naked eye as a red patch amid the dirty straw color of the surrounding grassland, 30 Jan. 1946 (LT 

note). 

This filaree was not noticed on the reservation until 1943 when a small patch in SE North Field 

attracted attention (JL note). The following spring the North Field patch had expanded and a second 

patch was noticed north of the Lower Barn. Blooms Mar. - Apr. Small nitrogen fertilizer trials on North 

Field converted Erodium botrys dominated cover to annual grass cover in one season (JRG note). 

Beaks on fruit < 12 cm. long. [Presence 23% o-f plots, frequency 100% plot 430 in 1971, 1973, 1978. 

Presence 15% uncult. plots, frequency 30% plot 460 in 1973] 

E. brachycarpum (Godron) Thellung 

Introduced annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Locally common in the Grassland and Foothill Woodland 

openings, particularly on Red Hill. Easily confused with E. botrys. Not noticed until 1969 but probably 

present earlier. Howitt and Howell 1973. [Presence 10% o-f plots. Presence 45% uncult. plots; 


E. cicutarium (L.) L'Her. Red-Stemmed Filaree 

Introduced annual herb, < 45 cm. tall. Ubiquitous in Old-fields, Grassland, and Foothill Woodland 

openings. Very important plant for many herbivores during late winter and spring. Germinates after 

fall rains; seedlings may appear within 48 hours of the first significant rain. Very broad blooming 

period e.g., 27 Nov. 1944, in bloom (HW note); 25 Jan. 1948, in flower and seed (QT note); 7 May 

1952, still flowering, (JZ note). Sprouting in Corral Field, 27 Oct. 1947 (QT note); sprouted after 

unseasonal summer storm Aug. 18-20, 1976 (JRG note). [Present all o-f uncult., and blue oak s/d plots 

every year. Ave. frequency all o-f plots 85% in 1978; ave. frequency uncult. plots 69% in 1978] 

E. macrophyllum H. & A. 

Annual herb, < 25 cm. tall. This is the only native representative of this family at Hastings. Rare on 

reservation, usually on clay soils in blue oak savanna. N.W. Buckeye Hill, Gate Field Ravine, E. School 

Hill (QT notes). 

E. moschatum (L.) L'Her. White-Stemmed Filaree 

Introduced annual herb, < 5 cm. tall. Locally common in disturbed spots around buildings. Scattered 

in low density in Old-fields, Grassland, and blue oak Savanna. Never as common as E. cicutarium. 

[Present blue oak S/D plot 6] 

47

Geranium dissectum L. Cut-Leaved Geranium 

Introduced annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Scattered in the Grassland and Savanna, particularly in clay 

soils; more common along the creeks. Blooms Apr. - May. [Presence 10% o-f plots, frequency 4% plot 

445 in 1978. Present blue oak S/D plot 11] 

G. molle L. 

Introduced annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Rare in Grassland and Savanna. One collection Haystack Hill (27 

Apr. 1981, JRG 4224). [Present blue oak S/D plot 8] 

Grossulariaceae - Gooseberry Family 

Ribes amarum McClatchie Bitter Gooseberry 

Spiny, deciduous shrub, < 1.5 m. tall. Not clearly separated from some forms of R. menziesii that lack 

internodal spines. Some shrubs on upper Finch Creek and Robertson Creek approach this species. 

Howitt and Howell (1964) list a Hastings collection by JH from Finch Creek. 

R aureum Pursh var. gracillimum (Cov. & Britt.) Jep. Golden Currant 

Martin Road gate along Robertson Creek in the late 1940's. JRG. could find only two small sprouts of 

currant in this vicinity in 1970, and several years later no sign of the shrubs or sprouts remained. SS 

found one large shrub 8 Jun. 1987, (SS 4014) on Robertson Creek below the well. In Feb. 1990 this 

large shrub and several smaller ones were still present in the midst of a rose thicket. Blooms Apr. - 

May. (JRG note) 

R. californicum H.&A. Hillside Gooseberry 

Spiny deciduous shrub, < 1.5 m. tall. Widely distributed in Foothill Woodland and Mixed Hardwood 

Forest; the most common gooseberry on the reservation. Leaves fall during summer, and twigs may be 

leafing out as early as Nov. By Jan. shrubs in exposed situations are in full bloom. Occasional shrubs 

suggest hybridization with R. menziesii. The greenish flowers are less attractive than those of R. 

menziesii. [Present blue oak S/D plot 11] 

R. divaricatum Douglas var. pubiflorum Koehne Straggly Gooseberry 

Spiny deciduous scrambling shrub, 2 m. tall. Local along Robertson Creek, a few shrubs on lower Big 

Creek. Buds break in Mar. - Apr., later than the other gooseberries. 

R. malvaceum Sm. Chaparral Currant 

Drought-deciduous shrub, < 3 m. tall. Many notes involve several currant shrubs in chamise on lower 

Red Hill; only one shrub still appears to be there (9 Mar. 1988, JRG 5596 ). Other notes concern shrubs 

in S. Ravine. Scattered in a number of places in Chaparral in N. part of Robertson Place. Transplanted 

(probably from Red Hill) into Office yard where they have formed attractive shrubs. However, the 

crowns of the Office shrubs die at times from a rust disease; however the dead crowns have always 

been replaced by sprouts. 

Ribes menziesii Pursh Canyon Gooseberry 

Spiny deciduous shrub, < 1.5 m. tall. Foliage has a mild fragrance. Scattered in Mixed Hardwood Forest 

near canyon bottoms. Extremely variable in morphology, large numbers of specimens have been 

collected. C.R. Quick noted that many specimens were not clearly separated from R. sericeum and a 

few were not separated clearly from R. californicum. Few of the reservation specimens have the 

internodal spines required in the traditional keys. 

R. sericeum Eastw. Santa Lucia Gooseberry 

48

Spiny deciduous shrub, < 1.5 m. tall. Uncommon in Mixed Hardwood Forest, in W. and S. Ravines. Not 

clearly separated from R. menziesii. R. sericeum has more exserted stamens with more rounded ends 

on the anthers; foliage is not as fragrant as in many R. menziesii shrubs. 

R. speciosum Pursh. Fuchsia Flowered Gooseberry 

Spiny evergreen shrub, < 2 m. tall. Uncommon in Chaparral and Oak Wood-land; the Notes suggest 

more 

shrubs were present in early years of the reservation than have appeared in recent times. Big Creek 

terrace above upper Garage, Adobe Hill, Meyers Ravine, S.W. quarter Sec. 8. Browsed only lightly by 

deer. This species has horticultural potential. Blooms Jan. - Jun. 

Hippocastanaceae - Buckeye Family 

Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt. California Buckeye 

Small drought-deciduous tree, < 10 m. tall; the first tree to leaf out (as early as Jan.), the first tree to 

drop leaves (as early as Jun.). Scattered on Foothill Woodland north slopes and canyon bottoms, Mixed 

Hardwood Forest openings, may be dominant in the scrubby North Slope Woodland. Leaves browsed 

moderately by deer. Fruits are not eaten and accumulate conspicuously in gullies below buckeye 

colonies. Blooms May - Jun. 

Hydrophyllaceae - Waterleaf Family 

Emmenanthe penduliflora Benth. var. penduliflora Whispering Bells 

Annual herb, < 75 cm. tall. Uncommon in open disturbed spots, particularly in Chaparral. May be 

common after fires. Locally abundant in burnt chaparral after 1980 Poison Oak Hill fire. Blooms Apr. - 

Jun. 

Eriodictyon californicum (H. & A.) Torr. Yerba Santa 

Evergreen shrub, < 3 m. tall. Scattered in disturbed areas such as land-slides along Arnold Road. Most 

conspicuous in burns. May be used as a tea. Blooms May - Jul. 

E. tomentosum Benth. Woolly Yerba Santa 

Evergreen shrub, < 2.5 m. tall. Densely gray tomentose. Uncommon in Chaparral and disturbed parts 

of Foothill Woodland. More widely distributed on reservation than E. californicum . A conspicuous 

colony is slowly expanding on W. Watertank Hill. Grows around Museum (Linsdale Library-1994) 

despite the continual removal of sprouts. Hastings is near N. limit of species. Blooms May - Aug. 

Nemophila menziesii H. & A. Baby Blue Eyes 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Scattered in Grassland, common in Foothill Woodland and Mixed 

Hardwood Forest openings. Sometimes is conspicuously concentrated around harvester-ant nests. 

Flowers are an attractive part of early spring flora. Blooms Jan. - May. [Presence 15% o-f plots. Present 

uncult. plot 451, frequency 3% in 1978. Presence 57% blue oak S/D plots] 

Nemophila parviflora Benth. 

Annual herb with procumbent branches < 50 cm long. Scattered in Foothill Woodland, Mixed 

Hardwood Forest, and Grassland. Blooms Apr. - May. 

N. pedunculata Benth. Meadow Nemophila 

49

Annual herb, with procumbent branches < 20 cm. long. Common in Grassland and Foothill Woodland 

but not conspicuous. Small white flowers. Blooms Mar. - Apr. [Present o-f plot 458. Presence 20% 

uncult. plots, frequency 42% plot 442 in 1973. Present blue S/D plot 11] 

N. pulchella Eastw. var. fremontii (Elmer) Const. 

Annual herb, trailing branches < 50 cm. long. Uncommon and inconspicuous in Grassland and Foothill 

Woodland. Haystack Hill burn; N.W. Watertank Hill, N. School Hill, Carmel Valley Road. Blooms Mar. - 

Jun. 

Phacelia brachyloba (Benth.) Gray 

Annual herb, < 45 cm. tall. Uncommon in disturbed spots: Chaparral clearing S. Watertank Hill in 

1941, Martin Road near Gate 1945. More common after chaparral burns. After the 1955 chaparral 

burn above the Red House it was common in 1956 and 1957 (JD notes). Not noticed after the 1980 

Poison Oak Hill burn (JRG notes). Blooms Apr. - May. 

P. ciliata Benth. Great Valley Phacelia 

Annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Rare. One collection, probably from rock out-crops on Red Hill, 21 Apr. 

1938, (JL sn). 

P. distans Benth. 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Scattered in several habitats in Finch Creek Canyon. Blooms Apr. - Jun. 

P. douglasii (Benth.) Torr. 

Annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Uncommon in Oak Woodland. Blooms May - Jun. 

P. imbricata Greene ssp. imbricata 

Perennial herb, < 75 cm. tall from a large woody caudex. Most common and widely distributed 

Phacelia on the reservation; in Oak Woodland and Mixed Hardwood Forest. Blooms Apr. - Jul. 

P. malvifolia Cham. Stinging Phacelia 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Rare. One collection (14 May 1938, JL sn). 

P. ramosissima Lehm. Long-Branched Phacelia or Branching Phacelia 

Perennial herb; branches viny, may be several m. long. Rare. Two collections from upper Finch Creek 

Canyon. 

Pholistoma auritum (Lind.) Lilja Fiesta Flower 

Annual herb, procumbent branches, < 1.5 m. long. Locally common under oaks in shady parts of Oak 

Woodland and Mixed Hardwood Forest openings. Blooms Mar. - May. 

P. membranaceum (Benth.) Const. White Fiesta Flower 

Annual herb, procumbent branches < 1 m. long. Scattered under oaks in Oak Woodland and Mixed 

Hardwood Forest openings. Grows with P. auritum on N. Watertank Hill. Blooms Feb. - Apr. 

Juglandaceae - Walnut Family 

Juglans californica S.Watson var. hindsii Jepson California Black Walnut 

50

Introduced deciduous tree, < 15 m. tall. One colony of trees N.W. of Arnold Cabin. "The original tree 

was transplanted from the vicinity of Chico by the Arnold family. In recent years a thicket of small 

trees has sprung up around the original tree." 

J. regia L. English Walnut 

Introduced deciduous tree, < 20 m. tall. One tree N.E. of Arnold Cabin, heavily damaged by sapsuckers. 

Lamiaceae - Mint Family 

Lamium amplexicaule L. Giraffe Head 

Introduced annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Perhaps introduced from the Chicken Pen W. of the Scott Barn 

in the 1940's. This plant has reappeared in small numbers in this vicinity since 1945. Probably 

independently introduced in other areas e.g. at some of JD bird traps on margins of Long Field (where 

"chick scratch" was used as bait). Blooms Jan. - May. [Present o-f plots 341, 437, 442] 

Marrubium vulgare L. White Horehound 

Introduced perennial herb, < 1 m. tall. Well established in open or formerly disturbed spots around 

the Headquarters area. It does not persist where there is a vigorous grass cover. Common along Big 

Creek where small mammal activity forms bare zones along shrub margins. Under some savanna blue 

oak stands on Red Hill in old horse resting areas. [Present uncult. plot 450] 

Mentha spicata L. var. spicata Spearmint 

Introduced aromatic perennial herb, < 80 cm. tall. Small colonies are scattered along the more 

permanent portions of the creeks, particularly lower Big Creek. In the 1940's there was a vigorous 

colony below the Second Crossing. Blooms Jul. - Sep. 

Monardella villosa Benth. ssp. villosa Coyote Mint 

Aromatic perennial herb, < 70 cm. tall. Scattered in Oak Woodland and Mixed Hardwood Forest 

openings. [Present blue oak S/D plot 10] 

Pogogyne serpylloides (Torr.) Gray 

Rare on deep clay soils on White Prairie. Two collections. 26 May 1964, (KW sn) Stipa plot 1112. 28 

May 1980, JRG 4193. 

Salvia columbariae Benth. Chia 

Aromatic annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Locally common in rocky spots in Grassland (So. Red Hill ) and 

margins of Chaparral and Coastal Sage Scrub. In several areas on S. Haystack Hill and Finch Creek 

Canyon chia grows with black sage and blooms at the same time, but no hybrids have been noticed. 

Blooms Apr. - Jun. In other areas hybrids between these sages have been described as S. X 

bernardina. Blooms Apr. - Jun.[Presence 15% uncult. plots, frequency 55% plot 453 in 1978] 

S. leucophylla E.Greene White Sage, also called Purple Sage for flower color. 

On Buckeye Ridge 11 km. N.W. of Hastings on Buckeye Ridge (Carmel Ranch Co.), there is a large 

colony of a southern California sage which is very aromatic with strikingly white leaves. [This large 

colony may be the northernmost outpost for this typically southern California white sage.] 

S. mellifera Greene Black Sage 

Aromatic drought-deciduous shrub, < 1.5 m. tall. Common in the poorly developed Coastal Sage Scrub 

at Hastings -- more conspicuous closer to the coast. Although partially drought deciduous, the shrubs 

are never completely bare. Some foliage was damaged by - 7° C freeze in Dec. 1972. Where 

transplanted into the Office yard, black sage has produced typical allelopathic effects with very sparse 

herb understory surviving between the shrubs. Blooms Mar. - May. [Presence 25% Poison Oak Hill 

chamise burn regeneration plots] 

Satureja douglasii (Benth) Briquet Yerba Buena 

51

Aromatic perennial herb, creeping branches < 1 m. long. Local in Mixed Hardwood Forest. Conspicuous 

under live oaks in Finch Creek Canyon, particularly W. of lower Finch Creek Bridge where it forms 

mats under the trees and around edges of larger shrubs. 

S. mimuloides (Benth.) Briquet 

Aromatic perennial herb, < 1 m. tall. Uncommon along Finch Creek from Upper Bridge to Robertson 

Creek junction. Blooms Jul. - Aug. Not established. 

Scutellaria tuberosa Benth. Dannie's skull-cap 

Perennial herb, < 25 cm., tall. Locally common in chaparral, particularly around chamise borders. 

Abundant in Stipa grassland on Robertson Saddle 2 Apr. (QT note); present in Arbutus grove on N. 

poison Oak Hill 19 May 1951 (QT note). Blooms Apr. - May. [Present uncult. plot 451, frequency 15% 

in 1978. Present Chaparral Excl. 1609.] 

Stachys bullata Benth. 

Aromatic perennial herb, < 50 cm tall. Scattered in Oak Woodland, more common in Mixed Hardwood 

Forest under live oaks. Blooms Apr - May. 

Stachys pycnantha Benth Short-Spiked Hedge Nettle. 

Glandular perennial herb, < 75 cm. tall. Uncommon Finch Creek bed down to lower Carmel Valley 

Road bridge, rare below the bridge. Blooms Jun. - Aug. 

Trichostema lanatum Benth. Woolly Blue Curls 

Aromatic evergreen shrub, < 1 m. tall. One collection, S. Ravine, 15 Jul. 1941 (M 379). Locally common 

in disturbed chaparral on Bear Trap Ridge above J. Cahoon's ranch. RARE at Hastings. 

T. lanceolatum Benth. Turpentine Weed 

Strongly aromatic annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Scattered along some dry creek beds, common in Old-fields, 

particularly on North Field; and rocky spots in Grassland and Savanna. Blooms Jul. - Nov. [Presence 

60% o-f plots, frequency 90% in 1971. Presence 80% uncul. plots, frequency 40% plot 463 in 1978] 

Lauraceae - Laurel Family 

Umbellularia californica (H. & A.) Nutt. California Bay 

Aromatic evergreen tree, < 15 m. tall. Sprouts vigorously, often forming multi-trunked clumps. Widely 

scattered in Mixed Hardwood Forest, most common in canyon bottoms or steep N. slopes. Blooms Jun. 

- Apr. Unsicker 1974. 

Loasaceae - Loasa Family 

Mentzelia micrantha (H. & A.) Torr. & Gray San Luis Stick Leaf 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Rare. One collection from Haystack Hill the first season after the burn (2 

Jun. 1938, (JL sn). 

Mentzelia veatchiana Kell. 

Annual herb, < 75 cm. tall. Rare. One collection from sandstone outcrop within Chaparral, Robertson 

annex, (V Boucher sn). 

52

Lythraceae - Loosestrife Family 

Lythrum hyssopifolia L. Grass Poly 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Uncommon in seasonally wet spots, Old County Road, Robertson Creek, 

Finch Creek. Blooms Jun. - Jul. 

Malvaceae - Mallow Family 

Abutilon theophrasti Medik. Velvet Leaf 

Introduced annual herb, < 1 m. tall. One collection, 10 Aug. 1943 (JL 63). Single plant grew in 

cultivated orchard beside house probably near Ranch House. This is the only specimen cited in Howitt 

and Howell 1964. Not established. 

Malva parviflora L. Cheeseweed, Little Mallow 

Introduced annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Periodically appears in small numbers in disturbed areas near 

buildings, particularly near the Ranch House. 

Onagraceae - Evening-primrose Family 

Camissonia campestris (Greene) Raven [Oenothera dentata Cav. var. campestris (Greene) Jeps.] 

This species was attributed to Hastings in Howitt and Howell (1964). None of the Camissonia specimen 

labels or annotations at Hasting in 1990 involved this combination. 

C. contorta (Dougl.) Raven 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Widely distributed in sparsely covered areas of Grassland and Foothill 

Woodland, particularly in sandy soils. Blooms Mar. - Jul. Raven 1969. [Presence 33% o-f plots, 

frequency 62% plot 442, 1973. Present Lower Barn and Robertson Creek sand flat plots] 

C. graciliflora (H. & A.) Raven 

Annual herb, < 6 cm. tall. Germination patterns very unpredictable. Before 1967 only one colony in 

North Field noticed in 1938. Since 1967 a few plants have periodically appeared in the sparsely 

covered filaree areas in E. North Field. In 1973 this species was sprinkled in many Grassland areas 

across the reservation. Blooms Mar. - Apr. Raven 1969. [Present 5% o-f plots, frequency 2% plot 430 in 

1973. Presence 10% uncult. plots, frequency 3% plot 455 in 1978] 

C. hirtella (Greene) Raven 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. One collection S.W. corner of reservation, 9 Jul. 1948 (QT 228). (n = 7 

Raven 1969) 

C. ignota (Jeps.) Raven 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Many 1938 collections in herbarium, but no localities given. Labeled 

collections from Watertank Hill, Haystack Hill burn, Martin Road. Blooms Mar. - May. (n = 7 Raven 

1969) 

Camissonia intermedia Raven 

Annual herb, < 90 cm. tall. Two collections from Hastings by Raven (1969), but no specimens from 

these collections are in the Hastings herbarium. One specimen, 13 May 1974 (Griffin 3889) on Carmel 

Valley Road may be this species. (n = 14 Raven 1969) 

53

C. luciae Raven 

Annual herb, < 80 cm. tall. Two collections (Haystack Hill burn 15 Jun. 1943 JL sn. School Hill, 19 Apr. 

1948 (C & C 842). Raven (1969) mentioned collections from Hastings by Hoover (at UC) and Linsdale 

(at CAS). (n = 21 Raven 1969) 

C. micrantha ( Spreng.) Raven 

Annual herb, < 55 cm. tall. Widely scattered in disturbed spots. Long Field, Pump, Upper Barn, behind 

Garage. Blooms Mar. - Jun. (n = 7 Raven 1969) [Present o-f plot 432. Present uncult plot 453] 

Clarkia affinis Lewis & Lewis [specimens missing June 1991] 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Uncommon in Grassland and Foothill Woodland. Easily confused with C. 

purpurea. School Hill, Poison Oak Hill, lower Buckeye Hill. [Presence 43% blue oak S/D plots] 

C. lewisii Raven & Parnell Hill Clarkia 

Annual herb, < 70 cm. tall. Locally common some seasons. Very attractive when in full bloom. Finch 

Creek Canyon, upper Arnold Road, Watertank Hill. Blooms late May - early Aug. 

C. purpurea (Curt.) Nels. & Macbr. ssp. quadrivulnera (Dougl.) Lewis & Lewis Four Spot 

Annual herb, < 75 cm. tall. Widely distributed in Grassland and Foothill Woodland, the most common 

Clarkia on the reservation. Size and color of corollas extremely variable. Starts to bloom in Apr. and 

blooms conspicuously longer than the other Clarkias. [Presence 100% uncult. plots, frequency < 85% 


C. similis Lewis & Ernst. 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Uncommon in Foothill Woodland, Gate Field Ravine, Finch Creek Canyon. 

Blooms May - Jul. Hastings records of C. epilobioides and C. modesta invoke this species (Howitt and 

Howell 1973). 

C. unguiculata Lindley Canyon Clarkia 

Annual herb, < 1.5 m. tall. Common in or near Foothill Woodland, seldom in open Grassland. Often 

conspicuous along lower Martin Road. Blooms Apr. - Aug. Common: C. V. Road. [Presence 29% blue oak 

S/D plots] 

Epilobium brachycarpum Presl. Summer Cottonweed 

Annual herb, < 130 cm. tall. Scattered in low diversity in some Grassland and Old-field areas. Blooms 

Jul. - Oct. [Presence o-f plots 25%, frequency 34% plot 437 in 1973. Presence uncult. plots 5%, 

frequency 5% plot 458 in 1978. Presence S/D plots 14%] 

E. canum (E. Greene) Raven ssp. canum California Fuchsia [Zauschneria californica Presl.] 

Suffrutescent herb, < 1 m. tall. Scattered colonies on rocky habitats along canyon bottoms or open 

areas on creek banks. One conspicuous colony at junction of Big Creek and the Old County Road 

drainage. Blooms Jul.- Dec., especially in Sep. and Oct. This is the only obvious red, hummingbird 

pollinated species blooming on the reservation in late summer and fall. [Present SW Red Hill Talus 

uncult. plot 456] 

E. ciliatum Raf. ssp. watsonii (Barb.) P. Hoch & Raven Coast Cottonweed 

Perennial herb, < 150 cm. tall. Locally common, moist spots near Finch & Robertson Creeks. In flower 

and fruit Jun - Sep. 

Epilobium densiflorum (Lindl.) P. Hoch & Raven 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Widely scattered in spots where water stands in the wet season in 

Grassland and along creeks. W. Red Hill, Big Creek at Adobe Hill, School Gully. Blooms Jun. - Jul. One 

specimen approaches forma imbricata (Greene) Munz. 

54

Oenothera elata Kunth ssp. hirsutissima (S. Watson) W. Dietr. 

Biennial or short-lived perennial, 10-25 dm. Headquarters area, gardens. Small patches. Probably 

introduced. 

Orobanchaceae - Broomrape Family 

Orobanche bulbosa G. Beck Chaparral Broomrape 

Perennial parasitic herb, < 25 cm. tall. Uncommon in Chaparral. Two specimens May 1945; upper Big 

Creek on Adenostoma (JML 289), S. Watertank Hill on Adenostoma (JML 291) [Determined by L.R. 

Heckard in 1974.] 

O. californica C. & S. ssp. jepsonii (Munz) Heckard California Broomrape 

Perennial parasitic herb, < 10 cm. tall. One specimen growing on Symphoricarpos beneath Quercus 

agrifolia on lower Big Creek 29 Jul. 1938 (JML sn). [Determined by L.R. Heckard in 1974] Note: 

Heckard named ssp. 

condensa from Hastings. See Madrono 22:2. 

O. fasciculata Nutt. Clustered Broomrape 

Perennial parasitic herb, < 13 cm. tall. Two specimens: 26 May 1938 host unknown (JML sn); 2 Jun. 

1939 Poison Oak Hill on Eriogonum (JML sn). [Determined by L.R. Heckard in 1974] 

O. pinorum Hook. Pine Broomrape 

Perennial parasitic herb, < 32 cm. tall. One specimen N. Poison Oak Hill, on Holodiscus (JML 211 ). 

[Determined by L.R. Heckard in 1974] 

O. uniflora L. Naked Broomrape 

Four specimens from Apr. - May, one on Lithophragma in Big Canyon, one on Ceanothus, Watertank 

Hill. Presence 14% on S/D blue oak plots.[Determined by L.R. Heckard.] 

O. vallicola (Jeps.) Heckard 

Two specimens on Symphoricarpos < 25 cm. tall. 24 Jul. 1944, Oct. 1937; no localities cited (JML sn). 

[Determined by L.R. Heckard.] 

Oxalidaceae - Oxalis Family 

Oxalis laxa H.&A. 

Introduced ann herb, native to Chile. Scattered around Robertson House. Not known from other 

Hastings sites. 

Papaveraceae - Poppy Family 

Eschscholzia caespitosa Benth. Slender California Poppy 

Annual herb, < 5 - 50 cm. tall. Scattered in sparse Grassland on steep south slopes near chaparral 

boundaries. On Poison Oak Hill uncommon prior to 1980 burn. After the burn it was locally common 

in Grassland and adjacent Chaparral. E. caespitosa seedlings have entire cotyledons. Blooms May - Jul. 

[Present P.O. Hill burn plot 12 in 1981] 

E. californica Cham. California Poppy 

Annual or perennial herb, < 50 cm. tall. Germinates after the first heavy fall rains. Seedlings have bifid 

cotyledons. Some depauperate plants have very narrow torus rings and are difficult to distinguish 

from E. caespitosa. Locally abundant in portions of the Grassland in some years. Seldom browsed by 

deer. Blooms Feb. - Nov. Boucher 1985. [Presence o-f plots 20% in 1973, frequency 98% uncult. plot 

55

442 in 1971] Water-tank Hill. Local plants have alternate yellow and ivory petals and could be referred 

to Greene's var. pulchella. Blooms Mar.- Jun.[Present o-f plot 431] 

Meconella denticulata Greene 

Annual herb, < 22 cm. tall. Uncommon in shady openings in the Mixed Hardwood Forest. Collections 

from along the upper Arnold Road, scattered in South Ravine. Blooms Apr. - May. 

Meconella linearis (Benth.) Nelson & J.F. Macbr. 

Annual herb, < 45 cm. tall. Localized distribution, often in dense populations in shady woodland 

openings where grass cover is sparse and the soil is sandy, e.g. many spots along Robertson Canyon, 

Corral Field, NW 

Papaver californicum Gray Western Poppy, Fire Poppy 

Annual herb,< 25 cm. tall. In 1956 this poppy was scattered in the 1955 chamise burn behind the Red 

House (5-23-56, BFH 83) No other local records. This is the only locality listed in Howitt and Howell 

(1964). 

P. somniferum L. Opium Poppy 

Introduced annual herb, < 70 cm. tall. Planted near Arnold Cabin at an unknown date. It persisted 

there until the 1940's. Not established. 

Platystemon californicus Benth. Cream Cups 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. The first few years after grazing ceased Cream Cups were prominent on E. 

base of Haystack Hill; later they became rare there. Locally common in sandy soil on Cow Pasture and 

Upper Long Field. [Presence 10% o-f plots in 1973] 

Romneya coulteri Harvey Matilija Poppy 

Per. Cal. native shrub, < 250 cm. tall. Planted at Ranch House before 1965, restricted to single large 

patch at old field / live-oak boundary. Not native to local area but thrives without care by residents. 

Stylomecon heterophylla (Benth.) G. Taylor Wind Poppy 

Annual herb, < 55 cm. tall. Three collections: Carmel Valley Road 1941, 1953; Adobe Hill 1938. Not 

seen in recent years. 

Plantaginaceae - Plantain Family 

Plantago erecta Morris 

Small annual herb, < 21 cm. tall. Locally common in sandy or sparsely covered areas in Old-fields, 

Grassland, and Savannas. [Presence 25% o-f plots, frequency 32% plot 430 in 1973. Presence 70%, 

frequency 84% plot 455 in 1973. Presence 57% in blue oak S/D plots] 

P. indica L. 

Introduced annual herb, < 15 cm. tall. One collection, Big Creek at Headquarters, 5 Jun. 1939 (GTR sn). 

Not established. At time of collection there was only one other specimen of this species at UC. 

P. lanceolata L. Ribgrass, English Plantain 

Introduced perennial herb, < 90 cm. tall. Scattered along Finch and Robertson Creeks. 

P. major L. Common Plantain 

Introduced perennial herb, < 40 cm. tall. One collection on Robertson Creek, 10 Jun. 1938 (JML sn). 

Not established. 

P. ovata Forsskal 

G. Ledyard Stebbins, UC Davis, installed a small experimental field plot of this species on sandy soil 

near the Upper Barn in the late 1960's. None of these plants became established. 

56

Platanaceae - Sycamore Family 

Platanus racemosa Nutt. Western Sycamore 

Large deciduous tree. Tallest trees on the reservation. One tree in Big Creek at Headquarters is 25 m. 

tall. Scattered along watercourses and alluvial terraces. This species appears to be declining, with 

scattered dead trees in upper portions of small canyons and no new trees. Most of the present trees 

have sprouted from older trees. The local trees seldom set viable seed because the trees are defoliated 

one or more times each spring by "anthracnose" leaf blight (Discula platani ) the conidial stage of 

Apiognomonia veneta, the most common cause of leaf dieback in the spring. The leaves are also 

susceptible to late spring frost damage. Repeated twig dieback gives the trees a pollarded appearance. 

The leaves are shed relatively late, many still falling in Jan. 

The original rafters in the Scott Barn at Hastings were sycamore. When the barn was restored in 1987 

there was no way that straight sycamore sprouts of the appropriate size could be obtained from local 

sources as replacements. Perhaps a sycamore stand had been cut or burned about 1860 with vigorous 

sprouts from this stand (in the absence of the leaf blight) providing the poles used in the original Scott 

Barn roof. 

Polemoniaceae - Phlox Family 

Allophyllum gilioides (Benth.) A. & V. Grant Straggling Gilia 

Annual herb, < 45 cm. tall. Uncommon in disturbed areas. W. Watertank Hill chaparral, S. Watertank 

Hill, landslides along Arnold Road. 

Collomia grandiflora Lindley Large Flowered Collomia 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Uncommon in Oak Woodland openings; scattered along lower Martin Road, 

Carmel Valley Road. 

Eriastrum densifolium (Benth.) Mason Many Leaved Eriastrum 

Suffrutescent perennial, < 20 cm. tall. RARE. One specimen, label questionable. Probably collected by 

GTR on 14 Jun. 1938 in upper Big Canyon. 

E. virgatum (Benth.) Mason Monterey Gilia, Virgate Eriastrum 

Annual herb, < 35 cm. tall. Locally common on exposed slopes with sandy soils. S. Haystack Hill, 

sandstone outcrops lower Red Hill, Martin Road, South Ravine. Blooms May - Jul. Monterey - San Benito 

County endemic. 

Gilia achilleifolia Benth. California Gilia 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Locally common S. School Hill, Martin Road, S. Haystack Hill, open areas 

along Carmel Valley Road in Finch Canyon. 

G. clivorum (Jeps.) V. Grant 

Annual herb, < 45 cm. tall. Widely distributed in Grassland, Old fields and Foothill Woodland 

openings. This is the only member of the Polemoniaceae that is browsed by deer. Blooms Mar. - Jun. 

[Presence 65% o-f plots in 1973; frequency 55% plot 465 in 1978. Presence 86% blue oak S/D plots] 

G. tenuiflora Benth. Slender-Flowered Gilia 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Scattered on S. Watertank Hill and along Robertson Creek. Blooms Apr. - 

May. 

Linanthus bicolor (Nutt.) Greene 

Annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Scattered in Old-fields, Grassland, and Oak Woodland openings, may be 

more common in Oak Woodland than L. parviflorus. Blooms Apr. - Jun. [Presence 10% o-f plots, 

57

frequency 24% plot 443 in 1973. Presence 10% grassland plots, frequency 74% plot 455 in 1973. 


L. bigelovii (Gray) Greene 

Annual herb, < 32 cm. tall. Two 1938 collections no localities. S. base of Red Hill 21 Apr. 1971(JRG 

3421). 

All three specimens were blooming in Apr. 

L. ciliatus (Benth.) Greene Whisker Brush 

Annual herb, < 33 cm. tall. All six collections came from the Arnold Place vicinity. Blooms May - Jul. 

L. dichotomus Benth. Evening Snow 

Annual herb, < 25 cm. tall. Uncommon sandstone outcrops S. Red Hill, S.E. Haystack Hill, BLM annex 

Apr. 1976, Robertson Annex 1986. Vespertine. Blooms Apr. - Jun. 

L. parviflorus (Benth.) Greene 

Annual herb, < 25 cm tall. Locally common in Old-Fields, Grassland, and Savanna. H. L. Mason 

determined 

a few reservation specimens with calyx lobes glabrous on back (L. androsaceus). Commonly in bloom 

Apr. 

and May. (Presence 5% o-f plots in l973; frequency 24% in plot 43l in l973. Frequency 22% uncult. 

plots in 

l975. Presence l4% i blue oak S/D plots) 

L. pygmaeus (Brand) J.T. Howell ssp. continentalis Raven 

Annual herb, < 25 cm. tall, depauperate plants may be only several cm. tall. Blooms Apr. - Jun. Plant 

with 

white corolla collected in Old-Field 441, 28 Mar. 1991. [Presence 20% o-f plots in 1973, frequency 

82% plot 

443 in 1971. Presence 25% grassland plots in 1978, frequency 13% plot 455 in 1979. Presence 29% 

blue oak 

S/D plots] 

Navarretia atractyloides (Benth.) H. & A. Holly Leaved Navarretia 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Very prickly leaves. This was prominent in Old-fields the first summer after 

cultivation ceased (Notes ). Still common in disturbed areas around buildings. [Presence 27% o-f plots 

in 1973, 

1978, frequency 13%. Presence 10% grassland plots in 1978; frequency 3% plots 442, 443] 

N. jaredii Eastw. Paso Robles Navarretia 

Annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Common in Old-fields, Grassland, and Savanna openings. Blooms May - Jul. 

[Presence 30% o-f plots, frequency 50% plot 431 in 1978. Presence 20% grassland plots 1973, 1978; 

frequency 

88% plot 461 in 1973. Presence 14% blue oak S/D plots] 

N. mellita (Greene) Greene 

Annual herb < 18 cm. tall. Only three collections: uncommon S.E. Red Hill, top Poison Oak Ridge. 

Blooms 

May - Jul. 

Phlox gracilis Greene Annual Phlox 

Annual herb, < 13 cm. tall. Locally common in Old-fields, Grassland, and Savanna but never 

conspicuous. 

Plant with white corollas collected in old-field #441, 28 Mar. 91. [Presence 40% o-f plots in 1973; 

frequency 

58

100% plot 444 in 1973. Presence 10% grassland plots in 1973; frequency 38% plot 451 in 1973. 

Presence 29% 

blue oak S/D plots.] 

Polygonaceae - Buckwheat Family 

Chorizanthe douglasii Benth Douglas' Spineflower. 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Scattered in chaparral. May grow with C. membranacea but C. douglasii 

plants are shorter and have darker red inflorescences. Blooms Apr. - Jun. in openings and sparsely 

covered areas of the Grassland. [Frequency 8% in o-f plot 430 in 1973] 

Chorizanthe membranacea Benth. Pink Spineflower 

Annual herb, < 60 cm. tall. Scattered in sparse portions of the Grassland. Blooms May - Jun. [Presence 

10% o-f plots in 1978, frequency 24% plot 430 in 1971. Presence 20% grassland plots 1975; frequency 

6% plot 464 in 1975] 

C. staticoides Benth. Turkish Rugging 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. All collections came from the Arnold Place vicinity. Growing on landslides 

on Arnold Road in 1972. 

Eriogonum angulosum Benth. 

Large annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Locally common in open areas or disturbed spots in the chaparral or on 

sandy openings around sandstone outcrops within chaparral. Haystack Hill, Watertank Hill burn, Red 

Hill, N.E. sand- 

stone outcrops Robertson Annex 21 Jul. 1987 (JRG 5594). 

E. elegans Greene 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Locally common on sandy-gravelly alluvial terraces, particularly along 

Robertson Creek. Frequency 42% Corral Field transect 1973. Blooms Aug. - Sep. 

E. elongatum Benth. var. elongatum 

Open subshrub < 1 m. tall. Scattered in coastal sage scrub and chaparral openings; disturbed 

grasslands on S. 

and W. slopes. Blooms Aug. - Jan. Browsed by deer in autumn. 

E. fasciculatum Benth. var. foliolosum (Nutt.) Abrams 

Evergreen shrub, < 2 m. tall. Two shrubs found by S. Schettler just north of Tregea cattle guard on 

Martin road. This shrub is common in Paloma Creek drainage but rare in upper Carmel Valley. Several 

shrubs (probably from Paloma Creek) were planted around the Hastings office; they have provided 

attractive landscaping on a very sterile soil. 

E. gracile Benth. 

Annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Widely scattered in grassland and old fields, locally common on sandy flats. 

Not particularly browsed by deer. In bloom late summer to Oct. [Present in 7 old field plots; frequency 

83% plot 

444 in 1978.] 

E. nortonii Greene Pinnacles Buckwheat 

Annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Seldom seen except for a few years after chaparral burns. Present after 

Haystack Hill burn 1938 - 1944. Rare in old. chaparral burns in S.E. School Hill. Collected (PGMNH) in 

1981 on Poison Oak Hill in burn of 9/10/1981. Found in 2008 after a prescribed fire on School Hill, in 

granitic outcrops, in chaparall with Salvia columbariae at (UTM, NAD84): 629,712, 4,026,783. 

E. nudum Benth. 

Perennial herb, < 1 m. tall. Widely scattered in Foothill Woodland and open portions of Mixed 

Evergreen 

59

Forest. Blooms late summer to Oct. Present in three o-f and three uncult. plots. 

Lastarriaea coriacea (Goodman) Hoover 

Annual herb, < 15 cm. tall. Uncommon in sandy areas with very sparse cover. Lower Barn Flat, 

Pipeline Flat. Formed about 1 % cover in lower Barn flat in 1986. [Present o-f plot 430 in 1971, 1973, 

1978; frequency 8% in 1973] 

Polygonum arenastrum Boreau Common Knotweed 

Introduced annual, semi-prostrate stems, < 50 cm. long. Uncommon, Headquarters and upper Long 

Field. 

Pterostegia drymarioides F. & M. Pterostegia 

Prostrate annual, stems < 50 cm. long. Locally common but inconspicuous under oaks in Foothill 

Woodland 

and Oak - Madrone forest. [Present two o-f plots, frequency 2% each plot. Presence 55% blue oak S/D 

plots] 

Rumex acetosella L. Sheep Sorrel 

Introduced perennial herb, semi-prostrate stems < 80 cm. long. Locally common as large colonies in 

old-fields, uncommon in undisturbed grassland. [Presence 40% o-f plots; frequency 98% plot 437 in 

1971. Present in 


R. conglomeratus Murr. Green Dock 

Introduced perennial herb, < 120 cm. tall. Uncommon in disturbed spots; Bunkhouse yard, Arnold 

Place, lower 

Big Creek. 

R. crispus L. Curly Dock 

Introduced herb from stout taproot, < 120 m. tall. Scattered around moist spots. Heavily browsed by 

deer. QT collected a number of specimens in 1948 around buildings and along creeks. [Present in 

three o-f plots] 

R. pulcher L. Fiddle-Dock 

Introduced perennial herb. One specimen from near Bunkhouse, < 70 cm. tall, not established. 2 Aug. 

1953 

(JML 307). 

R. salicifolius Weinm. Willow Dock 

Perennial herb, 120 cm. tall, similar to R. californicus, < 1.1 m. tall. Uncommon along creeks: upper 

Finch Creek, Big Creek 2nd Crossing, Robertson Creek. In bloom May - Jul. 

Portulacaceae - Purslane Family 

Calandrinia breweri Wats. 

Rare annual herb, decumbent succulent branches, < 35 cm. long. Two plants collected on Poison Oak 

Hill in severe 1980 chaparral burn north of the Bell Ranch stock pond, 10 May 1981 (JRG 4228). 

C. ciliata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) DC. Red Maids 

Somewhat decumbent annual plants < 50 cm. across, < 25 cm. tall. May bloom in early Feb. One plant 

in Vineyard 3 Jul. 1973 (JRG 3328) had white petals instead of red. Heavily browsed by deer. Q.T. 

collected a number of specimens in 1948 around buildings and near creeks. Q.T. also noted a 

concentration of these plants on 

60

harvestor ant mounds in Robertson Field in 1952; very few plants were present elsewhere in this field. 

[O-f plots presence 80%, frequency 100% plot 444 in 1973. Uncult. plots presence 25%, frequency 18% 

in 1978. 

Presence blue oak S/D plot 15%] 

Calyptridium monandrum Nutt. 

Small somewhat decumbent plants, < 15 cm. tall, 30 cm. broad. When first collected May 1952 there 

were only a few small plants in chaparral openings, S. Watertank Hill (JZ 10). After the 1956 chaparral 

burn on Watertank 

Hill this species was locally common. (JML 381). 

Claytonia exigua T. & G. 

Small succulent herb, < 5 cm. tall, in poorly drained, sparsely vegetated spots in grassland. On bank 

above 

Lane at markers 500-600 (BF Howitt 101). Locally common S.E. Corner Gate Field, very glaucous, 7 

Mar. 

1973 (JRG 3329). 

C. perfoliata Willd. Miners-Lettuce 

Succulent annual, < 3.5 cm. tall. Widespread in shady areas of Foothill Woodland and Mixed Evergreen 

Forest openings, local in shady portions of old-fields. [Presence 25% o-f plots, frequency 30% plot 443 

in 1973. Presence 20% uncult. plots, frequency 18% plot 451 in 1975. Presence 100% in blue oak S/D 

plots ] 

Montia fontana L. ssp. amporitana Sennen [M. hallii (Gray) Greene] Water Chickweed 

Tiny succulent herb, < 4 cm. tall, in poorly drained, sparsely vegetated spots in Grassland 6 Apr. 1938 

(JML note). Plot 450 Red Hill, 2 Apr. 1978 (JRG 4066) one plant. Seeds with sharp knobs. 31 Mar. 1973 

(JRG 3356). 

Portulaca oleracea L. Common Purslane 

Introduced succulent annual herb, < 20 cm. tall, scattered in gardens around the School. 

Primulaceae - Primrose Family 

Anagallis arvensis L. Pimpernel 

Introduced annual with decumbent branches < 50 cm. long. Widely scattered in Grassland, frequency 

of 78% in N.E. Pearson Field transect in 1971. Blooms from Mar. - Jun., but along creeks a few plants 

may flower as late as Oct. Some plants at Warners place have blue corollas. 

A. linifolia L. 

Introduced perennial herb, < 20 cm. tall. Blue and red flowered plants collected in School yard in 1956 

after disturbance of burying new fuel-oil tank in front of the School. Blue and red flowered plants of 

this species reappeared in 1968, 1977, 1979. Not established. 

Androsace elongata L. ssp. acuta (Greene) Robbins 

Annual herb, one collection, 6 cm. tall, 6 Apr. 1963, (KLW, sn) on grazed - ungrazed plot 1343. Not 

seen in succeeding years on this plot. RARE. 

Dodecatheon clevelandii Greene ssp. sanctarum (Greene) Abrams Shooting Star 

Perennial herb, < 35 cm. tall. Common in Grassland and Foothill Woodland, locally dominates all other 

herbs in Savanna openings. Important plant for deer in winter. Color of petals varies from pure white 

to dark pink. May start blooming in Jan., very attractive plant when blooming. [Presence o-f plots 20%, 

61

frequency 2% in 1973. Presence uncult. plots 30%, frequency 5% in 1978. Presence 100% blue oak S/D 

plots] 

Ranunculaceae - Buttercup Family 

Aquilegia formosa Fisch. var. truncata (F. & M.) Baker 

Perennial herb, 60 cm. tall. One collection, 1 Jul. 1944 (JML 230) on lower Finch Creek. J.M.L. saw 

another plant on Finch Creek that year. RARE. 

Clematis lasiantha Nutt. Pipe-Stem 

Deciduous woody vine, many m. long, leaflets 3-5. Climbing over chaparral and other shrubs on shady 

north slopes such as Adobe Hill and Buckeye Hill. May leaf-out in Jan., blooms in Mar., with mature 

fruit in Jun. 

C. ligusticifolia Nutt. Western Clematis, Virgin's Bower 

Deciduous woody vine, many m. long, leaflets 5 - 7. Climbing over riparian shrubs along Finch Creek 

and Robertson Creek. Foliage browsed by deer. 

Delphinium californicum T. & G. ssp. californicum California Larkspur 

Perennial herb, < 120 cm. tall. Uncommon N. Adobe Hill 1938, 1948; Lane at 2,300 marker 1948; not 

noticed in that locality in recent years. 

Delphinium parryi Gray Parry Larkspur 

Perennial herb, < 80 cm. tall. Widely scattered in Foothill Woodland. [Presence 43% blue oak S/D 

plots] 

D. patens Benth. Coast Larkspur 

Perennial herb, < 65 cm. tall. Widely scattered in Foothill Woodland. [D. decorum F. & M.. in early 

notes] 

Ranunculus californicus Benth. California Buttercup 

Perennial herb, < 60 cm. tall. Common in Grassland and Foothill Woodland, particularly in poorly 

drained swales and gullies. [Presence 5% o-f plots. Rare in uncult. plots. Presence 100% in blue oak S/D 

plots in 1978] 

R. hebecarpus H. & A. Downey Buttercup 

Small annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Locally common in shady portions of the Grassland and Foothill 

Woodland. [Presence 15% o-f plots in 1973. Presence 10% in uncult. plots in 1971. Present in one S/D 

plot in 1978] 

Thalictrum fendleri Gray var. polycarpum Torrey Meadow Rue 

Uncommon in Mixed Evergreen Forest, < 1.5 m. tall. A few plants grow in shade on lower Arnold Road, 

just as the road starts climbing. 

Rhamnaceae - Buckthorn Family 

Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook.) Nutt. var. cuneatus Buckbrush 

Non-sprouting evergreen shrub, < 2.5 m. tall. Common in parts of the chaparral but not as important 

as chamise at lower elevations. At elevations above 800 m. it locally dominates the chaparral. The 

Hastings shrubs have very pale blue flowers when they first bloom. They have been called C. 

62

amulosus (Greene) McMinn. In the Paloma Creek drainage the more typical white-flowered shrubs 

are common. Blooms late Jan. - early Apr., very fragrant when blooming. 

C. oliganthus Nutt. var. sorediatus (H. & A.) Hoover Jim Brush 

Evergreen shrub < 3 m. tall. Large colony about 8 ha. in size southeast of Arnold Field above South 

Ravine. Prior to 1950 there was a bush near Pats Cabin, another in Pipeline Ravine. Common in 

Anastasia Canyon south of the reservation where it came in after a 1928 fire and is now rapidly dying 

out. The same situation seems to prevail in South Ravine. var. sorediatus in the Santa Lucia Mountains 

does not seem to differ significantly from var. oliganthus in southern Calif. (Griffin 1973c, Hoover 

1970). 

C. papillosus T. & G. var. papillosus Wart-Leafed Ceanothus 

Non-sprouting evergreen shrub, < 3 m. tall. Common in chaparral above 800 m. in the Santa Lucia 

Mountains. After the Marble-Cone fire in 1977 several shrubs grew along Finch Creek near the upper 

bridge for several years, 5 May 1969 (JRG 3075). 

Rhamnus ilicifolia Kellogg Hollyleaf Redberry 

Evergreen shrub, rarely a small tree < 5 m. tall. Common in the Foothill Woodland and Mixed 

Evergreen Forest, occasional in Chaparral, not as wide-spread as R. tomentosus Berries ripen earlier 

than those of R. tomentosus, and are important for some birds. Howitt and Howell (1964) list Hastings 

as a locality for the coastal variety, but all the reservation material is clearly R. ilicifolia. [Present 

uncult. plot 462. Present blue oak S/D plots 9 ,10.] 

R. tomentella Benth. ssp. tomentella California Coffeeberry 

Large evergreen shrub, < 5 m. tall. Common in Foothill Woodland and Mixed Evergreen Forest. It has 

been the dominant shrub along portions of Big Creek for a long time, but many old shrubs are now 

dead or dying. The berries are the only abundant juicy fruit in the fall, and they are eaten by a wide 

variety of birds and mammals. 

Rosaceae - Rose Family 

Adenostoma fasciculatum H. & A. Chamise 

Evergreen burl-forming shrub, < 3 m. tall. Common in pure stands on shallow rocky soils of south 

aspect. Absent from volcanic soils on Red Hill and School Hill. Most important shrub in local chaparral. 

Usually blooms in mid-May through late June. A few seeds have germinated in Haystack Hill and North 

Fields without the benefit of fire, and produced small shrubs. Deer browsed heavily on these young 

shrubs. Decadent, old shrubs are locally being replaced by annual grasses along School Hill summit 

and similar ridge tops with relatively deep soils. After a 1979 wild-fire in the Arnold Field a large 

number of chamise seedlings became established in an old hay-field. A 1989 survey of this field "edge" 

showed 114 live chamise shrubs in a 5 m. x 10 m. permanent plot. Maximum chamise shrub height in 

this plot was 215 cm. After the Poison Hill fire in 1980 new chamise shrubs started from dormant 

seeds over 100 m. away from pre-fire chamise boundaries. 

Aphanes occidentalis (Nutt.) Rydb.. 

Tiny annual herb, < 5 cm. tall. Common in sparse areas of grassland and along chaparral boundaries. 

In extreme cases these plants may be only a couple of mm. tall. [Presence 35% o-f plots in 1973. 

Frequency 72% o-f plot 437 in 1973. Present blue oak S/D plot 11] 

Cercocarpus betuloides T. & G. California Mountain-Mahogany 

Tall evergreen shrub, < 4 m. tall. Scattered in chaparral, often as widely spaced individuals at higher 

elevations or northern aspects; a few shrubs scattered in Mixed Evergreen Forest along N. crest of 

Poison Oak Hill, common on crest of Adobe Hill. [Present blue oak S/D plot 6] 

Heteromeles arbutifolia (Lindley) Roem. Toyon 

63

Tall evergreen shrub or small tree, < 5 m. tall. Scattered in Chaparral and Mixed Evergreen Forest. 

During dry years foliage on exposed shrubs may die back and fruit production is nil. Often blooms in 

Jul., fruit may mature as early as Oct., but the red berries are most often conspicuous from late Nov. 

to Jan. A few trees on Poison Oak Hill have trunks < 20 cm. dbh. [Present blue oak S/D plot 11] 

Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. Creambush, Oceanspray 

Tall deciduous shrub, < 2 m. tall. Common understory shrub in denser portions of Mixed Evergreen 

Forest. Many shrubs died during the very dry 1967-68 season. Starts to leaf out in Jan. and Feb.; 

blooms Jun. - Jul. 

Oemleria cerasiformis (H. & A.) J. W. Landon Oso Berry 

Deciduous shrub, < 3 m. tall. Uncommon in Mixed Evergreen Forest, most collections and notes are 

from the vicinity of lower Arnold Road. Blooms Mar. - Apr. Heavily browsed by deer in early summer. 

Potentilla glandulosa Lindley Sticky Cinquefoil 

Perennial herb, < 70 cm. tall. Browsed by deer in late spring. Widely distributed but seldom common 

in Foothill Woodland and Mixed Evergreen Forest. [Present o-f plot 437 in 1978] 

Prunus ilicifolia (Nutt.) Walpers Holly-leafed Cherry 

Evergreen shrub or tree. Scattered on N. slopes, often in rocky lower portions of Chaparral e.g., Adobe 

Hill. In the north Haystack Hill (Oak Ridge Ranch) buckeye thicket one cherry tree was 14 m. tall and 

46 cm. in dbh. But the top of this tree has been dying back in recent years, and the tree may not be 

living too many more years. Much larger cherry trees grow on the Rana Creek Ranch to the west of 


Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torrey Western Choke-Cherry 

Deciduous shrub, < 3 m. tall. In 1949 Q.T. found a small colony of browsed shrubs on Poison Oak Hill 

above Post Basin near a Berberis pinnata patch. More common in the Santa Lucia Range to the west. 

RARE. 

Rosa californica C. & S. California wild rose 

Spiny, deciduous shrub, < 2 m. tall. Scattered in thickets along portions of Big Creek and lower Finch 

Creek. Blooms over a long summer period, fruit is conspicuous in fall as the leaves drop. 

R. gymnocarpa Nutt. Wood Rose 

Spiny deciduous shrub, < 1.5 m. tall. One collection, 26 Jun. 1944 (JML 222) South Ravine. RARE. 

Rubus ursinus C. & S. Pacific Blackberry 

Spiny evergreen vine, may be several m. long. Common along creek banks and canyon bottoms; 

although it regularly flowers (Apr. - Jun.) it seldom sets a heavy crop of berries. 

Sanguisorba minor Scopoli. ssp. muricata Briq. Golden Burnet 

Introduced perennial herb, < 50 cm. tall, Two collections; Big Creek at Headquarters 1948, and 

Robertson Creek at Gate 1949. 

Rubiaceae - Madder Family 

Galium angustifolium Nutt. ssp. angustifolium 

Suffrutescent viny subshrub, < 1 m. tall. Uncommon near edge of Chaparral and in scraps of Coastal 

Sage Scrub on rocky south aspects. Often associated with Lotus scoparius, S. Haystack Hill, S. Red Hill; 

near northern limit of distribution (Dempster and Stebbins 1971). 

G. aparine L. Goose-Grass 

Introduced annual vine, < 1 m. long. Widely scattered in Grassland, locally common in shade under 

oaks in Foothill Woodland and Mixed Evergreen Forest. In flower Mar. - Apr. [Presence 15% o-f plots, 

64

frequency 34% plot 434. Presence 20% uncult. plots, frequency 34 % plot 458. Presence 100% blue oak 

S/D plots] 

G. californicum H. & A. ssp. flaccidum (Greene) Dempster & Steb. 

Low growing perennial herb, usually < 25 cm. tall. In flower Apr. - May. Common in Foothill 

Woodland and Mixed Hardwood Forest, N. Poison Oak Hill, N. School Hill. [Presence 43% blue oak S/D 

plots] 

G. murale (L.) All. Tiny Bedstraw 

Introduced annual herb, < 5 cm. tall. One collection from disturbed areas around Hastings Cabin yard, 

10 Mar. 1988 (SS 4019). New to Hastings flora. 

G. parisiense L. Wall Bedstraw 

Introduced annual herb, < 32 cm. tall. Locally common in portions of Arnold Field and Robinson 

Prairie. First noticed by JRG in 1967. One collection, 17 May. 1971 (JRG 3111). [Presence 15% o-f and 

uncult. plots. Present one blue oak S/D plot} 

G. porrigens Demp. var. porrigens Climbing Bedstraw 

Viny perennial, < 3 m. long. Scattered in Chaparral margins and Foothill Woodland, and Mixed 

Evergreen Forest openings. 

Salicaceae - Willow Family 

Populus balsamifera L. ssp. trichocarpa ( T. & G) Brayshaw Black Cottonwood 

Deciduous riparian tree, < 20 m. tall. Scattered along lower Robertson Creek. The largest colony is near 

the junction of Robertson and Finch Creeks. Along Finch Creek alders and sycamores tend to dominant 

the banks and there are few cottonwoods, mostly scattered in tributary gulches. Deer readily browse 

cottonwood foliage. 

Salix exigua Nutt. Sandbar Willow, Narrow-Leaved Willow 

Large deciduous, riparian shrub, < 3 m. tall. Uncommon in Finch Creek near the Cattle guard and Pats 

Cabin. Sometimes heavily browsed by deer. 

S. laevigata Bebb Red Willow 

Large deciduous riparian tree. Mature to over-mature trees conspicuous along Big Creek and Finch 

Creek. Many of these trees are breaking apart and dying back. Starts to bloom in Jan. 

S. lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow 

Deciduous riparian tree, usually smaller than red willow, tends to form dense thickets along Finch 

Creek; and Big Creek to Upper Barn. There used to be a very large tree at the Arnold Spring. Starts to 

bloom Jan. or Feb., starts to leaf-out in Mar. Browsed heavily by deer. 

Saxifragaceae - Saxifrage Family 

Lithophragma affine Gray Woodland Star 

Perennial herb, < 50 cm. tall. Common in Foothill Woodland and Mixed Evergreen Forest. [Presence 

10% o-f plots in 1973; frequency < 1% in 1973. Presence 14% in blue oak S/D plots] 

L. heterophyllum (H. & A.) Torrey & Gray Hill Star 

Perennial herb, < 55 cm. tall. Uncommon in Mixed Evergreen Forest; Sand Gulch, South Ravine, Gate 

Field Ravine. 

Saxifraga californica Greene 

65

Perennial herb, < 35 cm. tall. Common in Foothill Woodland and Mixed Evergreen Forest, often 

associated with Lithophragma. [Presence 29% blue oak S/D plots] 

Scrophulariaceae - Figwort Family 

Antirrhinum kelloggii Greene Lax Snapdragon 

Annual vine several m. long, climbing (by pedicels), seldom seen except after fires. A few plants noted 

after Watertank Hill and Haystack Hill burns. After the 1980 fire on Poison Oak Ridge vast numbers of 

plants grew in a severely burned chaparral patch E. of the first Finch Creek bridge. By the second year 

after the fire, this snapdragon was again rare in this area. 

A. multiflorum Pennell Sticky Snapdragon 

Large annual or short-lived perennial, < 2 m. tall. Uncommon in Chaparral margins or rocky spots. A 

few shrubby plants grew for several years on landslides in the lower chamise patch on the Arnold 

Road. Collected in Haystack Hill burn in 1939 and 1941. 

Castilleja affinis H. & A. Indian Paint Brush 

Perennial herb, < 50 cm. tall. Scattered in Foothill Woodland and open portions of the Mixed 

Evergreen Forest. Along Lane at 2,300 - foot marker. It has been seen in flower from Mar. - Jul. 

Regularly browsed by deer. 

C. attenuata ( Gray) Chuang & Heckard Narrow-Leafed Orthocarpus 

Annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Widely scattered in Grassland, appears to hybridize with C. densiflora in 

several areas.[Presence 60% o-f plots; max. frequency 48% plot 433. Presence 70% uncult. plots; 


Castilleja densiflora ( Benth.) Chuang & Heckard Owls-Clover 

Annual herb, < 32 cm. tall. Locally abundant in Grassland. [Presence o-f plots 30%; presence uncult. 

plots 19% in 1978. Presence blue oak SD plots 71%] 

C. exserta (A.A.Heller) Chuang & Heckard Escobita, Purple Owl's Clover 

Annual herb, < 25 cm. tall. Widely distributed in Old-fields, Grassland and Savannas in favorable 

seasons. Often abundant North Field and Home Field. [Presence o-f plots 18%. Presence uncult. plots 

14%. Presence blue oak S/D plots 14%] 

C. foliolosa H. & A. Woolly Painted Cup, Woolly Indian Paintbrush 

Perennial herb, < 50 cm. tall. Uncommon in Chaparral on Watertank Hill, Haystack Hill. One plant at 

2000-foot marker on Lane. 

Collinsia bartsiifolia Benth. White Chinese Houses 

Annual herb, RARE < 30 cm. tall. Several dozen plants noticed on sandy terrace of Robertson Creek 

above the old Hastings boundary. 23 May 1985, (SS 5473). Growing in midst of Pteridium aquilinum. 

New to Hastings flora. 

C. childii Gray Child’s Blue-Eyed Mary 

Annual herb, < 25 cm. tall. Uncommon in shady Mixed Evergreen Forest; Finch Creek Canyon, Arnold 

Place. 

C. heterophylla Buist. Chinese Houses 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Common in Foothill Woodland and openings in Mixed Evergreen Forest as 

on 

north Watertank Hill. [Present o-f plot 431. Presence 43% blue oak S/D plots] 

66

C. sparsiflora F. & M. var. collina (Jep.) Newsom Few-Flowered Blue-Eyed Mary 

Annual herb, < 15 cm. tall. Local in Grassland and Savanna. [Presence o-f plots 10%; frequency 1%. 

Present uncult. plot 451; frequency 43%. Presence blue oak S/D plots 29%] 

Cordylanthus rigidus (Gray) Jepson ssp. rigidus Birds Beak 

Annual herb, < 1 m. tall. Local in widely separated more or less weedy spots. Carmel Valley Road, Old 

County Road, Martin Road. Summer bloomer. [Present uncult. plot 451 in 1975] 

Keckiella breviflora (Lindl.) Straw Bush Beard-Tougue 

Loosely branched shrub, < 2.5 m. tall. Martin Road, Pipeline Flat, upper Arnold Road. 

Linaria canadensis (L.) Dum.- Cours. var. texana (Scheele) Penn. Toad-Flax 

Annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Uncommon in Grassland, particularly after wet years. [Present two uncult. 

plots in 1973] 

Mimulus androsaceus Greene 

Tiny annual herb, < 5 cm. tall. Uncommon in bare, sandy spots at Pipeline Flat and several terraces on 

Robertson Creek. First discovered on Hastings by J.R. Griffin, 12 Apr. 1971 (JRG 3093). Growing with 

Minuartia californica and Lasthenia californica. Only previous collection in Monterey Co. was by Clare 

Hardham 15 Apr. 1960 near The Indians. 

M. aurantiacus Curtis Sticky Monkey-Flower 

Medium subshrub, shrub, 10-150 cm tall. Common in Coastal Sage Scrub, scattered openings in Mixed 

Evergreen Forest. Conspicuous and attractive along Carmel Valley Road in Finch Creek Canyon. Blooms 

over an extended period, but most abundantly in May and June. Note: M. bifidus ssp. fasciculatus now 

subsumed under M. aurantiacus. 

Mimulus bolanderi Gray Tobacco Mimulus 

Annual herb, < 40 cm. tall. Haystack Hill burn, upper Finch Creek bridge. Hastings is only locality 

listed in Howitt and Howell (1964, 1973). 

M. cardinalis Benth. Scarlet Monkey-Flower 

Annual herb, < 70 cm. tall. One browsed plant collected in dry bed of Finch Creek, 21 Jul. 1987 (JRG 

5593). 

M. congdonii Rob. 

Annual herb, < 5 cm. tall. Several collections from S.W. Poison Oak Ridge along chamise boundaries. 

One collection from chamise near Red House. Hastings is the only locality listed in Howitt and Howell 

(1964, 1973). One plant grew near 0.1 ha. permanent plot 449 in 16 Mar. 1973, mixed with a few M. 

douglasii plants. 

M. douglasii (Benth.) Gray Chinless Mouse-Ears 

Tiny annual herb (flower may be larger than rest of plant), < 5 cm. tall. One old collection in 1938, 

probably from Poison Oak Hill. After the wet 1972-73 season it suddenly appeared in a number of 

widely separated chaparral and grassland situations: North Field, Watertank Hill, S.E. Arnold Field, 

Poison Oak Hill, White Prairie. Absent from most of these localities the following season. Not seen 

anywhere during recent years. [Present uncult. plot 451 in 1973, 1978] 

M. floribundus Lindl. 

Annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Only two collections: Robertson Creek near Gate, Big Creek near well. 

67

M. fremontii (Benth.) Gray Fremont Monkey-Flower 

Annual herb, < 6 cm. tall. Scattered in Chaparral on Haystack Hill and above Red House. In 1973 it was 

more common than usual and often grew in mixed populations with M. congdonii - and it did not 

always seem to be clearly separated from M. congdonii. 

M. guttatus DC. Common Monkey Flower 

Perennial herb, 2-150 cm tall. Common in wet spots. Blooms over an extended period Apr. to Oct.. 

Note: M. nasutus now included under M. guttatus. 

M. rattanii Gray 

Annual herb, < 20 cm. tall. Clearing below Red House, Haystack Hill burn. May not be clearly separated 

from M. fremontii which grows in more montane habitats. 

Pedicularis densiflora Hook. Indian Warrior 

Perennial herb, < 30 cm. tall. Locally common in Chaparral Watertank Hill, Red Hill, Robertson Place. 

May bloom as early Feb. 

Penstemon centranthifolius (Benth.) Benth. Scarlet Bugler 

Perennial herb, < 1 m. tall. Scattered in Chaparral and Foothill Woodland; Red Hill chamise; Old 

County Road. Has attractive red flowers Apr. - Jun. when deer do not browse them. 

P. heterophyllus Lendl. ssp. australis M. & J. Chaparral Penstemon 

Perennial, < 90 cm. tall. A number of collections from Finch Creek Canyon, particularly between the 

upper and lower Bridges. 

Scrophularia californica C. & S. Coast Figwort 

Perennial herb, < 1 m. tall. Scattered along creek bottoms, many spots along Big Creek. Some plants in 

chaparral margins as on top of School Hill Field. 

Triphysaria pusilla ( Benth.) Chuang & Heckard Dwarf Owls-Clover 

Small annual herb, < 15 cm. tall. Local in disturbed or open spots in of Grassland, never conspicuous. 

[Present 

o-f plots 431 and 443 in 1973] 

Veronica catenata Pennell Chain Speedwell 

Perennial aquatic herb,< 45 cm. long. One collection, 9 Nov. 59 (BFH sn) under Martin Road Bridge. 

Collections called V. anagallis-aquatica L. and V. comosa Richt. should be placed in V. catenata. (Howitt 

and Howell 1973) 

V. peregrina L. ssp. xalapensis (Kunth) Penn. 

Annual herb, < 35 cm. tall. In gullies S.E. Haystack Hill, Blomquist Field, and North Field. 

V. persica Poiret Winter Speedwell, Persian Speedwell 

Introduced annual herb, < 30 cm. tall. Uncommon in disturbed spots in grassland. 

Solanaceae - Nightshade Family 

Datura stramonium L. Jimson Weed 

Introduced annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. A few plants grew in the School Garden in 1944. Not 

established. 

D. wrightii Regel 

68

Introduced perennial herb, < 50. cm. tall. A few plants grew in the School Garden in 1944, 1947, 1948; 

and in the Pigeon Pen in 1946. Grew along Carmel Valley Road in Aug. 1979. Not established. Note: 

Jepson treats as native, but suggests it may be the same as Mexican D. inoxia. 

Nicotiana glauca Grah. Tree Tobacco 

Large introduced shrub or small tree, < 5 m. tall. Scattered along Carmel Valley Road in 1979 after a 

construction project buried a new telephone cable along the road right-of-way (and used imported 

rock fill material). The shrubs in Hastings did not become established, but some shrubs still persist 

along Carmel Valley Road along the Oak Ridge Ranch, particlarly on the upper Ardilla Grade. 

N. quadrivalvis Pursh Indian Tobacco 

Ill-scented annual herb, gen < 1.5 m. tall. Persistent in small numbers in Gate Field, around Lower 

Barn, in Cow Pasture, and Long Field. A few plants often appear after any digging operation - 

particularly by a back-hoe. Blooms May - Nov., flowers close during mid-day; open in evening; 

probably pollinated by moths. 

Solanum americanum Miller Small-Flowered Nightshade 

Large annual or perennial herb, < 1 m. tall. Uncommon in disturbed spots; Headquarters, Pump House, 

Long Field. 

S. sarrachoides Sendt. Hairy Nightshade 

Introduced annual, < 0.5 m. tall. One collection at the School, 19 Jun. 1944 (JML, sn) not established. 

S. umbelliferum Eschs. Blue Witch 

Evergreen shrub, < 2 m. tall. Scattered in a variety of habitats. Heavily browsed by deer. Common in 

old Watertank Hill burn. One plant along Carmel Valley Road in Finch Creek Canyon has white flowers 

instead of usual pale blue (E. Brattin 20 Mar. 1972 note). 

Urticaceae - Nettle Family 

Urtica dioica L. ssp. holosericea ( Nutt.) Thorne Hoary Nettle 

Tall stinging perennial herb, < 2.5 m. tall. Scattered along creeks and wet places. In bloom Jun. - Aug., 

in fruit Sep. - Oct. 

U. urens L. Dwarf Nettle 

Introduced stinging annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Local in disturbed areas around buildings - particularly 

in areas of horse disturbance near upper and lower barns. Scattered under some oaks on Red Hill 

where horses used to congregate. May start blooming in Jan., maturing seed in Feb. 

Valerianaceae - Valerian Family 

Plectritus ciliosa (Greene) Jeps. Long-spurred Plectritus 

Small annual herb, < 22 cm. tall. Scattered in Foothill Woodland and Mixed Evergreen Forest in 

partially shaded areas. Watertank Hill, middle Long Field. Including ssp. insignis (Suksdorf) Morey. 

[Presence o-f plots < 1%. Presence uncult. plots < 1%. Presence 29% blue oak S/D plots] 

P. congesta (Lindl.) A. DC. Pink Plectritus, Sea Blush 

Small annual herb, < 33 cm. tall. One collection, 5 May 1944 (JML 91). 

P. macrocera Torrey & Gray White Plectritus 

Annual herb, < 35 cm. tall. [Presence uncult. plot 451 < 1%. Presence blue oak S/D plots 43%] 

69

Verbenaceae - Vervain Family 

Verbena lasiostachys Link California Vervain 

Perennial herb, < 75 cm. tall. Widely scattered in Foothill Woodland and Mixed Evergreen Forest. 

Invading some old-fields cleared from woodland. [Presence 11% o-f plots, frequency 20% Plot 437 in 

1973] 

Violaceae - Violet Family 

Viola pedunculata T. & G. Johnny Jump-Up 

Perennial herb, < 20 cm. tall. Common in Grassland and Foothill Woodland openings. [Frequency 48% 

plot 443 in 1973; frequency 40% plot 468 in 1978. Presence 100% blue oak S/D plots] 

V. purpurea Kellogg ssp. quercetorum (Baker & Clausen) R.J.Little 

Perennial herb, < 25 cm. tall. Rare in Foothill Woodland openings. One locality, 17 May 1971(JRG 

3110) south edge of Corral Field. Flowers smaller, leaves grayer then V. pedunculata. (Stebbins et al. 

1963) 

Viscaceae - Mistletoe Family 

Phoradendron villosum (Nutt.) Nutt. Oak Mistletoe 

Large vigorous perennial parasite on oaks, particularly blue oaks and valley oaks. Heavy infestation 

can kill trees. Seeds are spread from tree to tree by birds, particularly western blue birds, American 

robins, and phainopeplas. Occasionally small mistletoe infections have been noticed in Robinia 

pseudoacacia L. trees in the headquarters area. 

Zygophyllaceae - Caltrop Family 

Tribulus terrestris L. Puncture Weed 

Introduced herb. Annual, forming prostrate mats, < 50 cm. across. First found on the reservation in 

late summer 1944 in Lower Barn yard. A successful effort was made to dig up and destroy all plants. 


MONOCOTYLEDONEAE 

Cyperaceae - Sedge Family 

Carex alma Bailey 

Perennial herb, < 12 cm. tall. Finch Creek, upper creek and below Lower Bridge. 

C. barbarae Dewey 

Rhizomatous perennial herb, < 1 m. tall. Only species of sedge widely distributed on Reservation. Big 

Creek, Robertson Creek, Finch Creek. 

C. bolanderi Olney 

70

Perennial herb, < 90 cm. tall. One specimen 8 Jul. 1944 (JML 2490) from upper Finch Creek. 

C. deweyana Schwein ssp. leptopoda (Mackenzie) Calder & Taylor 

Perennial herb, < 4 dm. tall. Finch Creek, School Hill water trough. 

C. globosa W. Boott. 

Perennial herb, < 4 dm. tall. South Ravine. 

C. serratodens W. Boott 

Perennial herb, < 13 dm. tall. Upper Finch Creek below Martin Road bridge. 

Cyperus eragrostis Lam. Umbrella Sedge 

Perennial herb, < 8 dm. tall. One collection 28 Aug. 1973 (JRG 3853). Second Crossing, Big Creek. 

Eleocharis macrostachya Britton Spike-Rush 

Perennial sedge, < 7 dm. tall. Colony in bed of Big Creek above the Second Crossing. 

Scirpus cernuus Vahl. Slender Club Rush 

Small perennial rush, 15 cm. tall. Uncommon Finch Creek. 

S. microcarpus Presl. Panicled Bulrush 

Tall perennial rush, 70 cm. tall. Two collections, probably from the same colony on Robertson Creek 

near sandy flat. 

71

Iridaceae - Iris Family 

Sisyrinchium bellum Wats. Blue-Eyed Grass 

Perennial herb, < 5 dm. tall. Widely distributed in Old-fields, Grassland, and Savanna. Two clumps in 

North Field have white flowers instead of the normal blue color. Pale blue flowers are often scattered 

in with the normal blue flowers. 

Juncaceae - Rush Family 

Juncus balticus Willd. Wire Rush 

Perennial herb, < 85 cm. tall, from stout creeping root stock. Big Creek at upper ford; along Old County 

Road. 

J. bufonius L. Toad Rush 

Annual rush, < 30 cm. tall. Common along all streams and around springs and seeps. Sometimes 

scattered in Grassland and Oak savannas. [Frequency 50% in o-f plot 430 in 1978. Presence 15% o-f 

plots and uncult. plots in 1978. Present in blue oak S/D plot 11] 

J. effusus L. var. pacificus F. & W. 

Perennial rush, < 85 cm. tall. Sandy flats along Robertson Creek. 

J. mexicanus Willd. 

Perennial rush, < 30 cm. tall. Two collections: Old County Road, below Red House, 10 Jul. 1941 (T 

Morely 230). Near School House, 14 Jun. 1953 (JT Howell sn). 

J. occidentalis (Cov.) Wieg. 

Tufted perennial rush, < 75 cm. tall. Big Creek second crossing, east School Hill, North Field. 

J. patens E. Mey 

Perennial rush, < 120 cm. tall. Many collections scattered along most creeks and small intermittent 

water- 

courses. 

J. rugulosus Engelm. Wrinkled Rush 

Perennial rush, < 120 cm. tall. From large creeping root stocks. Two collections, 180 m. above Lower 

Bridge, Finch Creek. 

J. xiphioides E. Meyer 

Perennial rush, < 125 cm. tall. Finch Creek: Pats Cabin to lower Bridge. 

Luzula comosa E.Meyer Woodrush 

Perennial herb, < 50 cm. Common in Foothill Woodland and Oak-Madrone Forest. Lower Arnold Road, 

Water- 

tank Hill. [Present blue oak SD plots 2,11] 

Lemnaceae - Duckweed Family 

Lemna minor L. 

Tiny aquatic herb, < 5 mm. long. Often noted on pools along Robertson Creek in late summer. 

72

Liliaceae - Lily Family 

Allium crispum Greene Wild Onion [A. peninsulare var. crispum] 

Perennial from a bulb, < 35 cm. tall. Rare in Robertson Saddle and adjacent School Hill savanna. Two 

collections, Old County Rd.; 6 May 1945 (JML, 299); Grassy swale near Old County Rd. 19 May 1956 

(BFH 82). Wild pig rooting for bulbs may pose a threat to this species. 

Asparagus officinalis L. ssp. officinalis Garden Asparagus 

A few plants, < 1.5 m. tall, still survive in the old garden at Arnold Cabin. European perennial from 

tuberous roots. 

Bloomeria crocea (Torr.) Cov. Golden Stars 

Perennial from fibrous-coated corm, < 40 cm tall. Widely scattered in Grassland and Savanna but 

never common. [Present in 5 uncult. plots and 1 blue oak S/D plot] 

Brodiaea jolonensis Eastw. 

Perennial from a corm, < 50 cm. tall. N.E. School Hill, Gopher Field. S. Sandstone outcrops, Red Hill. 

Blooms May - Jun. 

Calochortus albus Benth. Globe-Lily 

Perennial from a bulb, < 60 cm. tall. Common in parts of the Foothill Woodland and Mixed Evergreen 

Forest openings. [Present o-f plot 435] (see Fieldler 1985) 

C. luteus Lindl. Yellow Mariposa Lily 

Perennial from a bulb, < 50 cm. tall. One extensive colony at S.E. corner of Arnold Field. A few plants 

noticed in nearby Ravine by R. Mumme in Apr., 1982. [Present o-f plot 449] 

C. splendens Benth. Lilac Mariposa Lily 

Perennial from a bulb, < 75 cm. tall. Widely scattered in Grassland and Foothill Woodland. [Present 


Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth Soap Plant 

Perennial from large fibrous covered bulb, < 1.5 m. tall. Wild pigs rooting for these bulbs pose a 

serious threat to this species! [Present o-f plots 433, 437; Presence 35% uncult. plots. Frequency 35% 

uncult. plot 460 in 1978. Presence 100% in blue oak S/D plots]. Wild pig rooting declined to near zero 

levels, 1989-1994. 

Dichelostemma capitatum Alph.Wood Blue Dicks 

Perennial from a fibrous covered corm, < 50 cm. tall. Abundant in Grassland and Foothill Woodland. 

Blooms Feb. through May but particularly in Apr. [Presence o-f plots 20%, frequency 60% plot 435 in 

1973. Presence 75% in 1978, frequency 54% in plot 458 in 1973. Presence 100% blue oak S/D plots] 

Fritillaria affinis (Schultes) Sealy Checker-Lily 

Perennial from a bulb, < 1 m. tall. Rare in Mixed Evergreen Forest. South Ravine, Sand Gulch. Although 

the basal leaves often appear in the few colonies at Hastings, many of the plants do not seem to bloom. 

Smilacina stellata (L.) Desf. Slim Solomon 

Small perennial herb, < 50 cm. tall. Locally known only from deep shady Mixed Evergreen Forest along 

foot of north Poison Oak Hill above Robertson Creek. 

Triteleia ixioides (S.Watson) Greene Golden Brodiaea 

Perennial from a corm, < 60 cm. tall. Widely scattered in Grassland, Savanna, and Woodland openings. 

Blooms May - Jun. [Presence o-f plots 20% Frequency uncult. plot 468 28%. Presence 57% blue oak S/D 

plots] 

73

Triteleia laxa Benth. Grass Nut, Ithuriel's Spear 

Perennial from a bulb, < 40 cm. tall. Two collections, both from Martin Road 2 May 1952 (JZ 2); 22 

May 1953, (JML 305). 

Yucca whipplei Torrey Spanish Bayonet 

Perennial with basal rosette of long, narrow leaves < 1 m. long. Flowering stalk may be several m. tall. 

J. Griffin found a small colony on E. Poison Oak Hill 14 Feb. 1969 (JRG sn). Common in chaparral in 

Anastasia Canyon. Hastings is near the northern limit for this species in the Santa Lucia range. 

Orchidaceae - Orchid Family 

Piperia elegans (Lindl.) Rydb. Slender Habenaria 

Perennial herb, < 50 cm. tall. Uncommon under the Mixed Evergreen Forest, Pipeline ravine, N.E. 

School Hill 

Poaceae - Grass Family 

Aveneae 

Agrostis exarata Trin. Spike Bent (including var. pacifica) 

Perennial grass, < 1 m. tall. Mapped on Robertson Creek and upper Finch Creek by G.L. Stebbins in 

Jun. 1944. 

A. viridis Gouan Water Bentgrass 

Perennial grass, < 80 cm. tall. Eight specimens, all from Finch Creek, all with seeds maturing. Jul. - Aug. 

Aira caryophyllea L. Silver Hairgrass 

Small introduced annual grass, < 31 cm. tall. Widespread (but often inconspicuous) in grassland 

particularly in partially shaded bare areas. Abundant in eroded spots in North Field. [Presence o-f 

plots 75% in 1978. Frequency 100% o-f plot 431. Presence 30% uncult. plots in 1978. Frequency 34% 

plot 451 in 1971. Presence 71% blue oak S/D plots]. 

Avena barbata Link Slender Wild Oat 

Introduced grass, < 2 m. tall. Common in grassland and savanna openings throughout the reservation. 

Less common in old-fields than A. fatua. Blooms earlier than A. fatua. 

A fatua L. Wild Oat 

Introduced annual grass, < 2 m. tall. Abundant in better grassland habitats throughout the 

reservation. Frequency of 100% on many o-f and uncult. grass -land plots. More important in old fields 

than A. barbata. In adobe clay soils of Gopher Field it had a coverage of 75% in 1971.[Presence 100% 

o-f, uncult., and blue oak S/D plots] 

A sativa L. Cultivated Oat 

Introduced annual grass, < 1.5 m. tall. Remnants of hayfield oats had in large part disappeared from 

the reservation by 1944. Not established. However occasional plants still grow along Carmel Valley 

road. 

Calamagrostis rubescens Buckl. 

Rhizomatous perennial grass, < 85 cm. tall. One specimen by G.L. Stebbins 23 Jul. 1944 from steep side 

of gully, near boundary fence on west side of sec. 8. [Stebbins changed the name on this specimen 

from C. koelerioides to C. rubescens in 1947] 

74

Deschampsia danthonioides (Trin.) Benth. Annual Hairgrass 

Annual grass, 75 cm. tall. One collection, 3 Jun. 1944 (JML 170) Haystack Hill burn. Rare. 

D. elongata (Hook.) Benth. Slender Hairgrass 

Perennial grass, < 90 cm. tall. Scattered along Finch Creek. 

Gastridium ventricosum (Gouan) Schinz & Thell. Nitgrass 

Introduced annual grass, < 85 cm. tall. One North Field collection Grid B-3. 5 May 1965 (K. White 16). 

Locally common along Martin Rd. on Robertson Place.[Presence o-f plots 25% in 1975. Presence uncult. 

plots 50% in 1978. Presence 43% blue oak S/D plots] 

Holcus lanatus L. Velvetgrass 

Introduced perennial grass < 1 m. tall. After a new water tank was installed above the Hastings Cabin 

in the late 1970's this grass was conspicuous in the overflow area below the tank for many years. As of 

1990 very few plants of this grass remained in the area. 

Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) Schultes Junegrass 

Perennial bunchgrass, < 1 m. tall. Scattered in Foothill Woodland and Mixed Evergreen Forest on north 

slopes or crests of ridges. [Present two o-f plots and two uncult. plots. Presence 86% blue oak S/D plot 

8] 

Phalaris aquatica L. Harding Grass. 

Introduced perennial grass, forming large clumps 60-150 cm. tall. Scattered near School and Lower 

Barn. Probably more widely scattered during the Hasting ranching era. Introduced from Australia, 

probably native to the Mediterranean region. This species referred to P. aquatica in Howitt and Howell 

1973. 

P. canariensis L. Canary Grass 

Large annual grass. Attributed to Hastings in Howitt and Howell 1964. No records of this grass in the 

available Hastings files. 

P. minor Retz. Little seed Canary Grass 

Introduced annual grass, < 80 cm. tall. One collection, 28 Jun. 1942 (EW Jameson). Scattered on lower 

E. slope of Haystack Hill. Not established. 

P. paradoxa L. Hood Canary Grass 

Introduced annual grass, < 80 cm. tall. One collection, 10 Jun. 1944 (JML 190). Ditch below Chicken 

Pen. 

Polypogon australis Brongn. 

Introduced perennial grass, < 50 cm. tall. Scattered along creek beds, moist gullies, and seeps. Finch 

Creek from Pat’s Cabin to Lower Bridge. 

P. monspeliensis (L.) Desf. Rabbit Foot Grass 

Introduced annual grass, < 1 m. tall. Widely scattered in moist, disturbed areas. 

Trisetum canescens Buckl. 

Perennial grass, < 60 cm. tall. Occasional in woods on lower north facing slopes. The local form lacks 

pubescence on sheaths and leaves that are characteristic of this species. Under Q. agrifolia at 800-foot 

marker on Lane. Lower Arnold Road. 

75

Bromeae 

Bromus arenarius Labill. Australian Chess 

Introduced annual herb, < 50 cm. tall. Widely distributed in Grassland, important in the poorer 

portions of old-fields.[Presence 60% o-f plots, frequency 84% plot 439 in 1973. Presence 85% uncult 

plots, frequency 100% plot 469 in 1978. Presence 57% blue oak S/D plots] 

B. carinatus H. & A. California Brome 

Annual or short-lived perennial grass, < 1.5 cm. tall. Along with Elymus glaucus the most common 

perennial grass in wooded areas and invading old-fields. Not on south slopes or near chamise 

boundaries 

B. diandrus Roth Ripgut, Bronco Grass 

Introduced annual grass, < 75 cm. tall. Important in old fields, less significant in undisturbed 

grassland. Conspicuous under the crowns of deciduous oaks (Holland 1973). Of great importance to 

deer from Oct. to Apr. while still green. 

B. grandis (Shear) Hitchcock Tall Brome 

Perennial grass, < 130 cm. tall. Locally common in wooded areas on N. and N.E. slopes. Usually on 

loose, loamy soil. Most conspicuous below Arnold Cabin in Finch Creek Canyon. Not noticed on 

Haystack Hill. Not noticed on clay soils. (GLS 1944 Note). 

B. grandis x B. laevipes hybrid 

One collection labeled as a hybrid, apparently a G.L.S. specimen from west side of Poison Oak Hill 

(unlabeled specimen dated 22 Jul. 1944; also hybrid symbol for B. laevipes on distribution map by 

G.L.S. dated 22 Jun. 1944. 

B. hordeaceus L. Soft Chess 

Introduced annual grass, < 50 cm. tall. Important in Grassland throughout the reservation. [Presence 

100% in 

1975, and 1978 in o-f plots, uncult. plots and blue oak S/D plots. Frequency 100% in most plots] 

B. laevipes Shear 

Perennial grass, < 120 cm. tall. On moderately to densely wooded north, northeast, or northwest 

aspects. Scattered but nowhere as abundant over large areas as B. grandis. In general preferring more 

protected, shady and moister spots than B. grandis. Best stand on northeast base of School Hill and 

Adobe Hill. B. grandis and B. laevipes occur together in great abundance along Arnold Road just above 

the flat. 

B. madritensis L. ssp. rubens (L.) Husnot Red Brome 

Introduced, annual grass, < 60 cm. tall. Important in poorer portions of old-fields and grassland where 

the ground cover is rather open. [Presence 55% o-f plots in 1978; frequency 52% plot 430 in 1971. 

Presence 80% uncult. plots. Frequency 55% on plot 465 in 1978. Presence 86% blue oak S/D plots] 

B. tectorum L. Cheat Grass 

Introduced annual grass, < 35 cm. tall. First noticed by J. Griffin in plot 443 Middle Long Field in 

1973. It is 

likely that the plants started from seed in the bird-trapping bait that John Davis used in traps around 

this field. 

In 1973 this grass had a frequency of 8% in plot 443. In 1978 this plant had a frequency of 40% on 

plot 443. It is now widely distributed in Long Field, and has moved several hundred meters away to 

central Pearson Field across Big Creek. 

Chlorideae * 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Persoon Bermuda Grass 

Introduced semi-prostate perennial, rhizomatous grass. Scattered about disturbed places near 

buildings, gardens. 

77

Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene Salt Grass 

Rhizomatous perennial grass, < 30 cm. tall. One 1940 collection, no locality given. Not established. 

Muhlenbergia rigens (Benth.) Hitchc. Deer Grass 

Tall perennial semi-riparian grass, < 150 cm. tall. Several large clumps on bank of Finch Creek from 

Pat’s Cabin to upper bridge. These clumps were largely removed in flood in March 1995. 

* Note: Future work on Chlorideae may allow some genera to be transferred elsewhere. 

Danthonieae 

Schismus barbatus (L.) Thell. 

Small introduced annual grass, < 30 cm. tall. One collection, 6 Mar. 1939 (GTR) probably near Lower 

Finch Creek Bridge. Only collection listed in Howitt and Howell (1964, 1973). Not established. 

Meliceae 

Melica californica Scribner California Melic 

Perennial grass, < 120 cm. tall. Widely scattered but nowhere abundant. On stony-clay of exposed 

south-facing slopes of Red Hill; shady north facing slopes at base of Red Hill and School Hill. Best 

stands on Arnold Road Flat. [Presence 15% uncult. plots. Presence 57% blue oak S/D plots] 

M. imperfecta Trin. 

Perennial grass, < 120 cm. tall. Locally common in shade of some woodlands, may grow in open 

decadent chamise stands. Does not invade old-fields, occurs on creek-side alluvial flats. [Present on 

blue oak S/D plot 11] 

Paniceae 

Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. Barnyard Grass 

Introduced annual grass, < 120 cm. tall. One collection from School Garden 25 Jul. 1944 (JML 258). 


Panicum miliaceum L. Broom Corn Millet 

Introduced annual grass, < 1 m. tall. In Sep. 1972 J. Davis found a number of plants of this summerblooming 

weed near his bird traps in upper Long Field. These plants probably came from the chickscratch 

bait used in his 

bird traps. Not established. 

Paspalum dilatatum Poir. Dallis Grass 

Introduced annual grass, < 1.5 m. tall. specimens available. Several clumps in old oxbow below the 

Robertson Creek Well. 

Poeae 

Briza maxima L. Rattlesnake Grass 

Introduced annual grass, < 30 cm. tall. Noticed along Carmel Valley Road for several years in disturbed 

areas after the burial of a new underground telephone cable. Not established. 

Briza minor L. Little Quaking Grass 

Introduced annual grass, < 55 cm. tall. Collected from seepage area around tank overflow on 

Watertank Hill in 1939, 1942, 1946. 

Cynosurus echinatus L. Dogtail 

Introduced small annual grass, < 35 cm. tall. First noticed by J. Griffin on road to Hastings Cabin (one 

plant May 1984). The plant is relatively common now along the higher alluvial terraces on Robertson 

78

Creek between Martin Road gate and Robertson driveway. Probably at the Robertson Place well before 

the plants were noticed on Hastings. 

Dactylis glomerata L. Orchard Grass 

Introduced perennial grass, < 1.5 m. tall. Noticed on lower School Hill between White Prairie and Old 

County Road, 30 May 1976 (Griffin 4004). Perhaps introduced in this spot by G. Ledyard Stebbins 

many years ago. Only a few plants present. Growing with Festuca idahoensis. 

Desmazeria rigida (L.) Tutin 

Introduced small annual grass, < 10 cm. tall. Uncommon, may have been introduced recently. (KLW, 

sn) 22 May 1964 grazed-ungrazed plot 1336. (JRG 3114) 21 May 1971 sandy knoll south of Adobe 

Hill. [Also called Scleropoa rigida (L.) Griseb.] 

Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Reed Fescue 

Introduced perennial grass, < 2 m. tall. Locally common in floodplain of Robertson Creek and scattered 

near the Robertson House. 

F. elmeri Scribner & Merrill 

Perennial grass, < 1 m. tall. On wooded northerly aspects or alluvial flats, often associated with Bromus 

laevipes or B. grandis. But less abundant than either being in dense patches in the more protected 

places rather than scattered throughout the woods. N.E. School Hill, Adobe Hill, Arnold Road. [Present 

blue oak S/D plot 2] 

F. idahoensis Elmer Blue Bunchgrass 

Perennial bunchgrass, < 1.5 m. tall. Rare at Hastings. Growing on lower N. E. slope of School Hill below 

White Prairie near the Dactylis glomerata colony that may have been started by G. Ledyard Stebbins, 

30 May 1976 (Griffin 4005). 

Lamarckia aurea (L.) Moench Golden Top 

Introduced annual grass, < 20 cm. tall. Uncommon in grassland. School Hill near edge of chaparral in 

1939, 1945; Red Hill 1943. 

Lolium multiflorum Lam. Italian Ryegrass 

Introduced annual grass, < 1 m. tall. Occasional along creeks and disturbed areas. Ryegrass seeded on 

the Marble-Cone burn in the Los Padres National Forest was washed down along the banks of Finch 

Creek through the reservation and grew for several years after the fire. 

L. perenne L. English Ryegrass 

Introduced, short-lived perennial, < 50 cm. tall. A few plants on Haystack Hill, and along Arnold Road. 

L. temulentum (L.) Darnel 

Introduced, short-lived perennial, < 1 m. tall. Common in Foothill Woodland under oaks. North Field, 

Haystack Hill Field. Watertank Hill. At times these plants get an "Ergot" smut disease on the developing 

heads that is said to be toxic. 

Poa annua L. Annual Bluegrass 

Introduced annual grass, < 30 cm. tall. Local in compacted habitats such as trails and driveways. 

Common along margins of Lane between Lower Barn and upper Garage, scattered on upper Arnold 

Road. [Present 2 o-f plots. Presence 2 blue oak S/D plots] 

P. howellii Vasey & Scribner Howell Bluegrass 

Annual grass, < 40 cm. tall. One collection 26 Jun. 1944 (JL 218). Wet floor of canyon south of Arnold 

Place. RARE 

79

Poa pratensis L. ssp. pratensis Kentucky Bluegrass 

Introduced perennial grass, < 50 cm. tall. A few plants spread from planted lawns in 1944, but they 

did not become established. 

P. secunda Presl. ssp. secunda [P. scabrella ( Thurb.) Vasey] Pine Bluegrass, One-Sided Bluegrass 

Perennial bunchgrass, < 1 m. tall. Widely scattered in Foothill Woodland and Mixed evergreen Forest. 

Seldom dominant in Grassland. [Present 2 o-f plots. Present 25% uncult. plots, frequency 78% plot 

451 in 1978. Presence 71% blue oak S/D plots. 

Vulpia bromoides (L.) S.F. Gray [Festuca dertonensis (All.) A. & G.] 

Introduced annual grass, < 30 cm. tall. Uncommon near Cement Spring on E. Poison Oak Hill. Lower 

Barn Yard. Lonard & Gould 1974. [Presence 35% o-f plots 1978, frequency 88% plot 437 in 1978. 

Presence 25% uncult. plots 1978, frequency 48% plot 451. Presence 43% blue oak S/D plots] 

V. microstachys (Nutt.) Benth. 

Native annual grass, < 50 cm. tall. Lonard and Gould (1974) rearranged the annual fescues in the 

Festuca microstachys complex as follows: 

var. microstachys [Festuca microstachys Nutt., F. arida Elmer.] One collection School Hill 

excl 1606, 21 Apr. 1972 (JRG 3165). 

var. ciliata (Beal) Lonard & Gould. [Festuca eastwoodae Piper, F. grayi (Abrams) Piper] 

Relatively uncommon in Grassland and Savanna. 

var. confusa (Piper) Lonard & Gould [Festuca confusa Piper, F. tracyi Hitchc.] Uncommon in 

Grassland, Apr. 1938 (JML 14 sn), no locality. May 1955 (JTH 21) no locality. 

var. pauciflora (Beal) Lonard & Gould [Festuca reflexa Buckley; F. pacifica Piper; F. 

microstachys Nutt.var. simulans (Hoover) Hoover ] 20 May 1953 (JML 303). 20 May 1953 upper Finch 

Creek roadside (JRG 3175). 4 May 1972 School Hill exclosure 1606. 

V. myuros (L.) C. Gmelin 

Introduced annual grass, < 60 cm. tall (Lonard & Gould 1974): 

var. hirsuta Jack. [Festuca megalura Nutt.] The most abundant of the annual fescues, 

common in a variety of open Grassland habitats. May form seeds as early as Feb. when plants are only 

a couple of cm. tall. (Lonard & Gould 1974) 

var. myuros [Festuca myuros] Uncommon North Field, Haystack Hill burn. [Presence o-f plots 

90% 1973, 1978. Presence 100% uncult. plots 1973. Presence 100% blue oak S/D plots] 

V. octoflora (Walt.) Rydb. [Festuca octoflora] 

Annual grass (probably native). Two collections from bare strips at edge of chaparral on Water Tank 

Hill. Locally common on bare zones in 1981 Poison Oak Hill burn (4226 JRG) 

Stipeae 

Achnatherum coronatum ( Thurb.) Barkworth ( Stipa coronata Thurb. var. coronata ) Large 

Needlegrass 

Perennial bunchgrass, < 2.5 m. tall. Local on rocky spots in Chaparral and Coastal Sage Scrub. S. 

Haystack Hill (slopes above Hallisey House and Warner Ranch), also Meyers Ravine, Finch Creek 

Canyon lower S. slopes. 

Nassella cernua ( Stebb. & Love ) Barkworth ( Stipa c. Stebb. & Love ) Nodding Needlegrass 

Perennial bunchgrass, < 1.5 m. tall. Scattered on open south slopes on clay or sandy soils. The most 

frequent colonizer of creek-side flats. Best stand on Arnold Flat, present on North Field, uncultivated 

Red Hill. 

N. lepida ( Hitchc.) Barkworth ( Stipa l. Hitchc. var. l. ) Foothill Needlegrass 

80

Small perennial bunchgrass, < 1 m. tall. Widespread where there is light cover but not in heavily 

wooded areas; most abundant and dominant on south slopes in Chaparral. 

Nassella pulchra ( Hitchc.) Barkworth ( Stipa p. Hitchc.) Purple Needlegrass 

Perennial bunchgrass, < 1.5 m. tall. Most abundant on clay soils; dense stands on White Prairie and 

Robertson Prairie. Widely scattered but not dominant in many areas. [Presence o-f plots 10%. Presence 

uncult. plots 95% in 1973; frequency 95% on plot 461 in 1975. Presence 86% blue oak S/D plots. 

Triticeae 

Agropyron desertorum (Fisch.) Schult. Crested Wheatgrass 

Introduced perennial grass, < 90 cm. tall. A collection 6-8-38 apparently represented the last 

individuals to survive from previous planting in pastures. Not established. 

Elymus glaucus Buckl. Western Ryegrass, Blue Wildrye. 

Perennial grass, < 2 m. tall. Most common and widely distributed perennial grass on the reservation, 

almost ubiquitous in Foothill Woodland and open portions of Mixed Evergreen Forest. It has invaded 

Old-fields that were cleared from woodland, e.g. Gate Field. Wild pigs harvest maturing seeds from the 

dense stands of this grass. [Presence 10% o-f plots, frequency 20% plot 437 in 1978. Present 100% blue 

oak S/D plots] 

Elymus glaucus X E. multisetus 

Hybrid. The most common grass hybrid at Hastings, spikes moderately thick with the somewhat 

bearded appearance of E. multisetus, spikelets always 2 at each node, glumes with one or two short 

lateral awns in addition to the main ones. It has many diagnostic characters of E. glaucus which, 

however, has a more compact growth habit and shorter culms and sets a full head of seed. This hybrid 

tends to be vigorous and is entirely sterile. Stebbins et al. (1946) obtained fertile seeds from Hastings 

hybrids after treatment with colchicine. Common on east end of School Hill. 

Elymus multisetus (J.G. Sm.) Burtt Davy ( Sitanium jubatum J.G. Sm.) Squirrel-Tail 

Perennial bunchgrass, < 75 cm. tall. Widely distributed in Old-fields, Grassland, and Savannas. 

[Presence 10% 

o-f plots; frequency 58% plot 437. Presence 10% uncult. plots. Presence 71% blue oak S/D plots] 

Elymus stebbinsii Gould ( Agropyron parishii Scribner & J.G. Sm.) Parish Wheat Grass 

Perennial bunchgrass, < 1.5 m. tall. Grows mostly on partially wooded northerly aspects, tends to 

associate with Bromus grandis but often in more rocky, open ground. It does not invade old-fields and 

is not found on clay soils. N.W. Watertank Hill, N.E. Poison Oak Hill, School Hill. 

Elymus stebbinsii, Elymus glaucus, and Elymus multisetus 

Hybrids of three species involving these representatives of formerly different genera are unusually 

frequent on the reservation. All are intermediate in vegetative characters between their parents, tend 

to be vigorous, and are entirely sterile. [Note in file based on observations of G.L. Stebbins] 

E. stebbinsii x Elymus glaucus 

Hybrid, spikes rather open, but not as much as in Agropyron. Glumes rather short and awned, 

spikelets 1 or 2 per node, depending on the vigor of the culm (G.L.S note). One collection 13 Jul. 1941 

(M 323) from Cement Spring. 

E. stebbinsii x E. multisetus 

Hybrid, spikes somewhat bearded, but more open than in Elymus glaucus x E. multisetus , 

spikelets 1 or 2 per node, awn exceeding the lemmas, glumes usually 1 or 2 short awns in addition to 

the main one, the plants tend to be vigorous and are entirely sterile. Stebbins et al. obtained fertile 

seeds of Hastings plants with colchicine treated plants. 

Hordeum brachyantherum Nevski ssp. californicum (Covas & Stebb.) V. Bothmer, Jacobson & 

81

Seberg. Perennial bunchgrass, < 90 cm. tall. Local in Grassland, conspicuous on the clay soil at the foot 

of Gopher Field which is the type locality (Covas 1949). Scattered in Pearson Field, Gate Field, 

[Presence 10% in o-f plots. Frequency 8% plot 447 in 1978] (Hoover 1970) 

Hordeum marinum Huds. ssp. gussoneanum (Parl.) Thell. Mediterranean Barley 

Introduced annual grass, < 50 cm. tall. Uncommon in disturbed spots in Grassland. Locally common in 

poorly drained adobe swales, S. Red Hill. Used to be scattered about the Headquarters area but 

uncommon there now. [Present in one o-f plot. Presence 20% uncult plots] 

H. murinum L. ssp. glaucum (Steudel) Tzvelev 

Introduced annual grass, < 50 cm. tall. Far less common than H. leporinum but it may be commonly 

overlooked or confused with it. 

H. murinum L. ssp. leporinum (Link) Arcang. 

Introduced annual grass < 50 cm. tall. Common in disturbed areas and shady spots in the Grassland 

and Savanna. [Presence 5% o-f and uncult. plots. Presence 57% blue oak S/D plots] 

H. vulgare L. Cultivated Barley 

Introduced annual grass, < 1 m. tall. Barley disappeared from the reservation after cattle were no 

longer kept. It was not sown but apparently was introduced in feeds and disseminated by cattle. 

Periodically a few plants appear along roads but do not persist. 

Leymus condensatus (Presl.) Löve Giant Ryegrass 

Rhizomatous perennial grass. Growing in dense colonies scattered in Mixed Evergreen Forest on lower 

slopes and canyon bottoms. When protected from browsing, it may grow < 3 m. tall, almost bamboolike. 

N.E. School Hill water trough, Indian Rock in Big Creek 

Leymus triticoides ( Buckl.) Pilger Beardless Wildrye 

Rhizomatous perennial grass. Two forms at Hastings: 

4n type plants, glaucous, narrow-leafed, with long creeping rhizomes, culms and sterile shoots 

mostly solitary, spikes mostly small and slender, with 1-2 spikelets at each node. Common along 

streams and frequently on sandy flats beside Finch Creek. Densest stand is at foot of Gopher field near 

Big Creek. 

6n type plants glaucous or green, leaves broader, rhizomes stout, culms and sterile shoots 

often arising in groups, spikes relatively long and thick with 2-8 spikelets per node, occasional along 

streams and sandy flats but most abundant and conspicuous in Gopher Field, Gate Field, and 

Watertank Hill where it forms conspicuous green patches, each patch representing a single plant. 

[Present o-f plots 437, 444, 445] 

[Leymus triticoides x L. condensatus ?] 

Possible hybrid. One collection of the assumed 6n type of L. triticoides had n = 14 but with very sterile 

pollen. It matched artificial hybrids between L. condensatus and L. triticoides (GLS note) 10-30-47. 

Triticum aestivum L. Wheat 

Introduced annual grass, 120 cm. tall. Two plants collected near Old Barn in 1942. Not established. 

Typhaceae - Cat-tail Family 

Typha angustifolia L. Narrow-leaved Cat-tail 

Aquatic perennial, < 1.5 m. tall. Clump on Robertson Creek 1939, Finch Creek 1944. 

T. latifolia L. Broad-leaved Cat-tail 

Aquatic perennial, < 2 m. tall. Chongo Gulch 1975. Watertank overflow in the late 1970's and early 

1980's. 

82

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86

Abutilon theophrasti 51 

Acer macrophyllum 17 

Achillea borealis (see Achillea millefolium) 20 

Achillea millefolium 20 

Achnatherum* coronatum 76 

Achyrachaena mollis 25 

Adenostoma fasciculatum 61 

Adiantum jordanii 15 

Aesculus californica 47 

Agoseris grandiflora 26 

Agoseris heterophylla 26 

Agoseris retrosa 26 

Agropyron desertorum 77 

Agropyron parishii 

(see Elymus stebbinsii) 77 

Agrostis exarata 71 

Agrostis semiverticillata 

(see Agrostis viridis) 71 

Agrostis viridis 71 

Aira caryophyllea71 

Alchemilla occidentalis 

(see Aphanes occidentalis) 61 

Allium crispum 70 

Allium peninsulare (see Allium crispum) 70 

Allocarya bracteatus (see Plagiobothrys) 29 

Allophyllum gilioides 55 

Alnus rhombifolia 28 

Amaranthus albus 17 

Amaranthus blitoides 17 

Amaranthus retroflexus 17 

Amsinckia intermedia (see Amsinckia menziesii) 28 

Amsinckia menziesii var. intermedia 28 

Amsinckia menziesii var. menziesii 28 

Amsinckia retrorsa (see A. menziesii) 28 

Anagallis arvensis 59 

Anagallis linifolia 59 

Androsace elongata 59 

Anthemis cotula 19 

Antirrhinum hookerianum (see Antirrhinum 63 

kelloggii ) 

Antirrhinum kelloggii 63 

Antirrhinum multiflorum 63 

Anthriscus caucalis 17 

Anthriscus scandicina 

(see Anthriscus caucalis) 17 

Aphanes occidentalis 61 

Apiastrum angustifolium 18 

Aquilegia formosa 59 

Arabis glabra 30 

Aralia californica 19 

Arbutus menziesii 37 

Arctostaphylos glandulosa 37 

forma glandulosa 37 

forma cushingiana 37 

forma glandulosa 37 

Arctostaphylos glauca var puberula 37 

Arctostaphylos tomentosa 38 

Arenaria californica 

(see Minuartia californica) 34 

Arenaria douglasii 

(see Minuartia douglasii) 34 

Arenaria pusilla 

(see Minuartia pusilla) 34 

Artemisia californica 20 

Artemisia douglasiana 20 

Artemisia dracunculus 20 

Asclepias eriocarpa 19 

Asclepias fascicularis 20 

Asparagus officinalis 70 

Aspidotis californica 15 

Aster chilensis 21 

Aster radulinus 21 

Astragalus douglasii 38 

Astragalus gambelianus 38 

Athysanus pusillus 30 

Avena barbata 71 

Avena fatua 71 

Avena sativa 71 

Azolla filiculoides 14 

Baccharis douglasii 21 

Baccharis glutinosa 

(see Baccharis salicifolia) 21 

Baccharis pilularis 21 

Baccharis salicifolia 21 

Baccharis viminea (see Baccharis glutinosa) 21 

Baeria (see Lasthenia) 24 

Barbarea americana (see Barbarea orthoceras) 30 

Barbarea orthoceras 30 

Berberis pinnata 28 

Berula erecta 18 

Bloomeria crocea 70 

Boisduvalia densiflora 

(see Epilobium densiflorum) 53 

Bowlesia incana 18 

Brassica campestris 

(see Brassica rapa) 30 

Brassica geniculata 

(see Hirschfeldia incana) 31 

Brassica kaber 

(see Sinapis arvensis) 32 

Brassica nigra 30 

Brassica rapa 30 

Brickellia californica 23 

Briza maxima 74 

Briza minor 74 

Brodiaea ixioides (see Triteleia) 70 

Brodiaea jolonensis 70 

Brodiaea lutea (see Triteleia ixioides) 70 

Brodiaea pulchella 

(see Dichelostemma capitatum) 70 

Bromus arenarius 73 

Bromus carinatus 73 

Bromus diandrus 73 

Bromus grandis 73 

Bromus hordeaceus 73 

Bromus grandis x B laevipes 73 

Bromus laevipes 73 

Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens 73 

Bromus mollis 

88

(see Bromus hordeaceus) 73 

Bromus pseudolaevipes 84 

Bromus rigidus (see Bromus diandrus) 73 

Bromus rubens 

(see Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens) 73 

Bromus tectorum 74 

Calamagrostis rubescens 71 

Calandrinia breweri 58 

Calandrinia ciliata 58 

Callitriche marginata 33 

Calochortus albus70 

Calochortus luteus 70 

Calochortus splendens 70 

Calycadenia truncata 25 

Calyptridium monandrum 58 

Calystegia malacophylla 36 

Calystegia subacaulis 36 

Camissonia campestris 51 

Camissonia contorta 51 

Camissonia graciliflora 51 

Camissonia hirtella 51 

Camissonia ignota 52 

Camissonia intermedia 52 

Camissonia luciae 52 

Camissonia micrantha 52 

Capsella bursa-pastoris 30 

Cardamine californica 30 

Cardamine oligosperma 30 

Cardaria draba 31 

Carex alma 68 

Carex barbarae 68 

Carex bolanderi 68 

Carex deweyana 68 

Carex globosa 68 

Carex leptopoda 

(see Carex deweyana ssp. leptopoda) 68 

Carex serratodens68 

Castilleja affinis 63 

Castilleja attenuata 63 

Castilleja densiflora 64 

Castilleja douglasii (see Castilleja affinis) 63 

Castilleja exserta 64 

Castilleja foliolosa 64 

Catapodium rigidum 

(see Desmazeria rigida) 75 

Caucalis microcarpa 

(see Yabea microcarpa) 19 

Ceanothus cuneatus 60 

Ceanothus oliganthus 60 

Ceanothus papillosus 60 

Ceanothus ramulosus (see cuneatus) 60 

Ceanothus sorediatus 

(see Ceanothus oliganthus ssp. sorediatus) 60 

Centaurium davyi45 

Centaurea melitensis 22 

Centaurea solstitialis 22 

Cerastium glomeratum 34 

Cercocarpus betuloides 61 

Chaenactis glabriuscula 24 

Chaetopappa (see Pentachaeta) 21 

Chamaesyce maculata 38 

Chamaesyce serpyllifolia 38 

Chamomilla suaveolens 20 

Chenopodium album 35 

Chenopodium ambrosioides 35 

Chenopodium berlandieri 35 

Chenopodium californicum 35 

Chenopodium murale 36 

Chlorogalum pomeridianum 70 

Chorizanthe coriacea 

(see Lastarriaea coriacea) 57 

Chorizanthe douglasii 56 

Chorizanthe membranacea 57 

Chorizanthe staticoides 57 

Chrysanthemum parthenium 

(see Tanacetum parthenium) 21 

Chrysopsis villosa 

(see Heterotheca sessiliflora ssp. echinoides) 21 

Cirsium coulteri (see C. occidentale var. ven.) 22 

Cirsium occidentale var. venustum 22 

Cirsium proteanum (see C. occidentale var. ven.) 22 

Cirsium quercetorum 22 

Cirsium vulgare 22 

Clarkia affinis 52 

Clarkia bottae (see Clarkia lewisii) 52 

Clarkia elegans (see Clarkia unguiculata) 52 

Clarkia lewisii 52 

Clarkia purpurea 52 

Clarkia similis 52 

Clarkia unguiculata 52 

Claytonia exigua 58 

Claytonia perfoliata 58 

Clematis lasiantha 59 

Clematis ligusticifolia 59 

Collinsia bartsiifolia 64 

Collinsia childii 64 

Collinsia heterophylla 64 

Collinsia solitaraia (see Collinsia sparsiflora) 64 

Collinsia sparsiflora 64 

Collomia grandiflora 55 

Conium maculatum 18 

Convolvulus arvensis 36 

Convolvulus malacophylla (see Calystegia) 36 

Convolvulus subacaulis (see Calystegia) 36 

Conyza bonariensis 21 

Conyza canadensis 21 

Cordylanthus rigidus 64 

Corethrogyne filaginifolia 

(see Lessingia filaginifolia) 22 

Cornus californicus (see C. occidentalis) 36 

Cornus occidentalis 

(see Cornus sericea ssp. occidentalis) 36 

Cornus sericea 36 

Crassula aquatica 36 

Crassula connata 36 

Crassula erecta 

(see Crassula connata) 36 

Cryptantha clevelandii 28 

Cryptantha decipiens 28 

Cryptantha flaccida 29 

Cryptantha micromeres 29 

Cryptantha microstachys 29 

89

Cryptantha muricata 29 

Cryptantha nevadensis 29 

Cryptantha rattanii 

(see Cryptantha decipiens) 28 

Cryptantha sparsiflora 

(see Cryptantha flaccida) 29 

Cupressus macrocarpa 15 

Cuscuta californica 37 

Cuscuta subinclusa 37 

Cuscuta ceanothi 

(see Cuscuta subinclusa) 37 

Cynodon dactylon 73 

Cynoglossum grande 29 

Cynosurus echinatus 74 

Cyperus eragrostis 68 

Cystopteris fragilis 14 

Cytisus monspessulanus 

(see Genista monspessulana) 39 

Dactylis glomerata 75 

Datisca glomerata 37 

Datura meteloides 

(see Datura wrightii) 66 

Datura stramonium 66 

Datura wrightii 66 

Daucus pusillus 18 

Delphinium californicum 59 

Delphinium decorum (see Delphinium patens) 60 

Delphinium parryi 60 

Delphinium patens 60 

Dentaria californica 

(see Cardamine californica var. integrifolia) 31 

Dentaria integrifolia 

(see Cardamine californica var. integrifolia) 31 

Deschampsia danthonioides 72 

Deschampsia elongata 72 

Descurainia pinnata 31 

Descurainia sophia 31 

Desmazeria rigida 75 

Dichelostemma capitatum 70 

Dichelostemma pulchella 

(see Dichelostemma capitatum) 70 

Diplacus (see Mimulus) 64 

Distichlis spicata 74 

Dodecatheon clevelandii 59 

Draba sophia 31 

Draba verna 31 

Dudleya cymosa 

(see Dudleya lanceolata) 36 

Dudleya lanceolata 36 

Dryopteris arguta 14 

Echeveria (see Dudleya) 36 

Echidiocarya ca (see Plagiobothrys) 29 

Echinochloa crus-galli 74 

Eleocharis macrostachya 68 

Elymus condensatus 

(see Leymus condensatus) 78 

Elymus glaucus 77 

Elymus glaucus x Sitanion jubatum 

(see Elymus glaucus x Elymus multisetus) 77 

Elymus multisetus 77 

Elymus stebbinsii 77 

Elymus triticoides 

(see Leymus triticoides) 78 

Elymus triticoides x Elymus condensatus 

(see Leymus triticoides x Leymus condensatus) 78 

Emmenanthe penduliflora 47 

Epilobium brachycarpum 52 

Epilobium canum 52 

Epilobium ciliatum 52 

Epilobium densiflorum 53 

Epilobium paniculatum 

(see Epilobium brachycarpum) 52 

Epilobium watsonii 

(see Epilobium ciliatum spp. watsonii) 52 

Equisetum hyemale 14 

Equisetum laevigatum 14 

Equisetum telmateia 15 

Ericameria arborescens 21 

Eremocarpus setigerus 38 

Eriastrum densifolium 55 

Eriastrum virgatum 55 

Erigeron ( see Conyza bonariensis) 2l 

Erigeron canadensis (see Conyza canadensis) 21 

Erigeron foliosus 21 

Erigeron philadelphicus 21 

Eriodictyon californicum 47 

Eriodictyon tomentosum 47 

Eriogonum angulosum 57 

Eriogonum elegans 57 

Eriogonum elongatum 57 

Eriogonum fasciculatum 59 

Eriogonum gracile 59 

Eriogonum nortonii 59 

Eriogonum nudum 59 

Eriophyllum confertiflorum 24 

Erodium botrys 45 

Erodium brachycarpum 45 

Erodium cicutarium 45 

Erodium macrophyllum 46 

Erodium moschatum 46 

Erysimum capitatum 31 

Eschscholzia caespitosa 53 

Eschscholzia californica 54 

Euphorbia crenulata 38 

Euphorbia peplus 38 

Euphorbia serpyllifolia 

(see Chamaesyce serpyllifolia ssp. hirtula) 38 

Euphorbia spathulata 38 

Euphorbia supina 

(see Chamaesyce maculata) 38 

Evax sparsiflora 

(see Hesperevax sparsiflora) 23 

Festuca arundinacea 75 

Festuca elmeri 75 

Festuca idahoensis 75 

Filago californica 23 

Filago gallica 23 

Foeniculum vulgare 18 

Fritillaria affinis 70 

Fritillaria lanceolata 

(see Fritillaria affinis) 70 

Galium angustifolium 62 

90

Galium aparine 62 

Galium californicum 62 

Galium murale 62 

Galium nuttallii (see porrigens) 62 

Galium parisiense 62 

Galium porrigens 62 

Garrya flavescens45 

Gastridium ventricosum 72 

Genista monspessulana 39 

Geranium dissectum 46 

Geranium molle 46 

Gilia achilleifolia 55 

Gilia clivorum 55 

Gilia gilioides (see Allophyllum gilioides) 55 

Gilia multicaulis (see Gilia clivorum) 55 

Gilia tenuiflora 55 

Githopsis diffusa 33 

Githopsis specularioides 33 

Gnaphalium beneolens 

(see Gnaphalium canescens ssp. beneolens) 23 

Gnaphalium californicum 23 

Gnaphalium canescens 23 

Gnaphalium chilense 

(see Gnaphalium stramineum) 23 

Gnaphalium luteo-album 23 

Gnaphalium microcephalum 

(Gnaphalium canescens ssp. microcephalum) 23 

Gnaphalium palustre 23 

Gnaphalium purpureum 23 

Gnaphalium ramosissimum 23 

Gnaphalium stramineum 23 

Godetia cylindrica (see Clarkia lewisii) 52 

Godetia epilobioides (see Clarkia similis) 52 

Godetia quadrivulnera (see Clarkia purpurea) 52 

Grossularia amarum 

(see Ribes amarum) 46 

Grossularia californicum 

(see Ribes californicum) 46 

Grossularia divaricatum 

(see Ribes divaricatum) 46 

Grossularia menziesii 

(see Ribes menziesii) 47 

Grossularia sericeum 

(see Ribes sericeum) 47 

Grossularia speciosum 

(see Ribes speciosum) 47 

Guillenia lasiophylla 31 

Habenaria elegans 

(see Piperia elegans) 71 

Haplopappus arborescens 

(see Ericameria arborescens) 21 

Hazardia squarrosa 21 

Helenium puberulum 24 

Helianthemum scoparium var vulgare 36 

Heliotropium curassavicum 29 

Hemizonia corymbosa 25 

Hemizonia lobbii 25 

Hesperomecon linearis 

(see Meconella linearis) 54 

Heteromeles arbutifolia 61 

Hesperevax sparsiflora. 23 

Heterotheca sessiliflora 21 

Hieracium argutum 26 

Hirschfeldia incana 31 

Hoita macrostachya 39 

Hoita orbicularis 39 

Holcus lanatus 72 

Holodiscus discolor 61 

Hordeum brachyantherum 77 

Hordeum californicum 

(see Hordeum brachyantherum ssp.californicum) 77 

Hordeum geniculatum 

(see Hordeum marinum ssp. gussoneanum) 78 

Hordeum glaucum 

(see Hordeum murinum ssp. glaucum) 78 

Hordeum hystrix (see Hordeum geniculatum) 78 

Hordeum leporinum 

(see Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum) 78 

Hordeum marinum 78 

Hordeum murinum 78 

Hordeum stebbinsii (see H. glaucum) 78 

Hordeum vulgare 78 

Hypochaeris glabra 26 

Hypochaeris radicata 26 

Juglans californica 49 

Juglans hindsii 

(see Juglans californica var. hindsii) 49 

Juglans regia 49 

Juncus balticus 69 

Juncus bufonius 69 

Juncus effusus 69 

Juncus mexicanus 69 

Juncus occidentalis 69 

Juncus patens 69 

Juncus rugulosus 69 

Juncus tenuis 

(see Juncus occidentalis) 69 

Juncus xiphioides 69 

Keckiella breviflora 64 

Keckiella centranthifolius 

(see Penstemon centranthifolius) 72 

Koeleria macrantha 72 

Lactuca serriola 26 

Lagophylla ramosissima 25 

Lamarkia aurea 75 

Lamium amplexicaule 49 

Lastarriaea coriacea 57 

Lasthenia californica 24 

Lathyrus jepsonii 39 

Lathyrus vestitus 39 

Layia hieracioides 25 

Layia paniculata 

(see Layia hieracioides) 25 

Layia platyglossa 25 

Lemna minor 69 

Lepidium draba 

(see Cardaria draba) 31 

Lepidium nitidum 31 

Lepidium perfoliatum 31 

Lepidium pinnatifidum 31 

Lepidium strictum 32 

Lessingia filaginifolia 22 

91

Lessingia gemanorum (see glandulifera) 22 

Lessingia glandulifera 22 

Leymus condensatus 78 

Leymus triticoides 78 

Linanthus androsaceus 55 

Linanthus bicolor 56 

Linanthus bigelovii 56 

Linanthus ciliatus 56 

Linanthus dichotomus 56 

Linanthus parviflorus 56 

Linanthus pygmaeus ssp continentalis 56 

Linaria canadensis 64 

Lithophragma affine 63 

Lithophragma heterophylla 63 

Loeflingia squarrosa 34 

Lolium multiflorum 75 

Lolium perenne 75 

Lolium temulentum 75 

Lomatium dasycarpum 18 

Lomatium utriculatum 18 

Lonicera interrupta 33 

Lonicera subspicata 33 

Lotus grandiflorus 39 

Lotus humistratus39 

Lotus micranthus 39 

Lotus purshianus 39 

Lotus scoparius 39 

Lotus strigosus 40 

Lotus subpinnatus 

(see Lotus wrangelianus) 40 

Lotus wrangelianus 40 

Lupinus arboreus 40 

Lupinus bicolor 40 

Lupinus concinnus 40 

Lupinus densiflora 

(see Lupinus microcarpus var. densiflorus) 40 

Lupinus formosus 40 

Lupinus hirsutissimus 40 

Lupinus microcarpus 40 

Lupinus nanus 40 

Lupinus succulentus 40 

Lupinus truncatus41 

Luzula comosa 69 

Luzula multiflorum (see Luzula subsessilis) 

Luzula subsessilis 

(see Luzula comosa ) 69 

Lythrum hyssopifolium 51 

Madia elegans 25 

Madia exigua 25 

Madia gracilis 25 

Madia madioides 25 

Madia sativa 26 

Mahonia pinnata 28 

(see Berberis pinnata) 28 

Malacothrix clevelandii 26 

Malacothrix floccifera 26 

Malva parviflora 51 

Marah fabaceus 37 

Marrubium vulgare 49 

Matricaria matricariodes 

(see Chamomilla suaveolens) 20 

Meconella denticulata 54 

Meconella linearis 54 

Medicago hispida (see polymorpha) 41 

Medicago polymorpha 41 

Medicago sativa 41 

Melica californica 74 

Melica imperfecta 74 

Melilotus albus 41 

Melilotus indica 41 

Mentha spicata 49 

Mentzelia micrantha 50 

Mentzelia veatchiana 51 

Micropus californicus 24 

Micropus californicus x Psilocarphus tenellus 

(hybrid) 24 

Microseris aphantocarpha (see M. douglasii) 27 

Microseris douglasii 27 

Microseris heterocarpa 

(see Stebbinsoseris heterocarpa). 27 

Microseris linearifolia (see M. lindleyi) 27 

Microseris lindleyi 

(see Uropappus lindleyi) 27 

Microsteris gracilis 

(see Phlox gracilis) 56 

Mimulus androsaceus 64 

Mimulus aurantiacus 64 

Mimulus bifidus ssp fasciculatus 

(see Mimulus aurantiacus) 64 

Mimulus bolanderi 65 

Mimulus cardinalis 65 

Mimulus congdonii 65 

Mimulus douglasii 65 

Mimulus floribundus 65 

Mimulus fremontii 65 

Mimulus guttatus 65 

Mimulus nasutus 65 

(see Mimulus guttatus) 65 

Mimulus rattanii 65 

Mimulus subsecundus 

(see Mimulus fremontii) 65 

Monardella villosa 49 

Monolopia major 24 

Montia fontana 59 

Montia hallii (see Montia fontana) 58 

Montia perfoliata (see Claytonia perfoliata) 58 

Muhlenbergia rigens 74 

Minuartia californica 34 

Minuartia douglasii 34 

Minuartia pusilla 34 

Nassella cernua 76 

Nassella lepida 76 

Nassella pulchra 76 

Navarretia atractyloides 56 

Navarretia jaredii 56 

Navarretia mellita 

Navarretia mitricarpa 56 

(see Navarretia jaredii) 56 

Nemacladus longiflorus 33 

Nemophila menziesii 47 

Nemophila parviflora 48 

Nemophila pedunculata 48 

92

Nemophila pulchella 48 

Nicotiana bigelovii 

(see Nicotiana quadrivalvis) 66 

Nicotiana glauca 66 

Nicotiana quadrivalvis 66 

Oemleria cerasiformis 61 

Oenothera dentata var. campestris 

(see Camissonia campestris) 51 

Oenothera contorta 

(see Camissonia contorta) 51 

Oenothera elata 53 

Oenothera fruticetorum 

(see Camissonia intermedia) 52 

Oenothera gracilifora 

(see Camissonia graciliflora) 51 

Oenothera micrantha var. ignota 

(see Camissonia ignota) 51 

Oenothera micrantha var. jonesii 

(see Camissonia hirtella) 51 

Oenothera micrantha var. micrantha 

(see Camissonia micrantha) 52 

Orobanche bulbosa 53 

Orobanche californica 53 

Orobanche fasciculata 53 

Orobanche grayana (see O. vallicola) 53 

Orobanche pinorum 53 

Orobanche uniflora 53 

Orobanche vallicola 53 

Orthocarpus attenuatus 

(see Castelleja attenuata) 63 

Orthocarpus densiflorus 

(see Castilleja densiflora 64 

Orthocarpus purpurascens 

(see Castilleja exserta) 64 

Orthocarpus pusillus 

(see Triphysaria pusilla) 66 

Osmaronia cerasiformis 

(see Oemleria cerasiformis) 61 

Osmorhiza brachypoda 18 

Osmorhiza chilensis 18 

Oxalis laxa 53 

Panicum miliaceum 74 

Papaver californicum 54 

Papaver somniferum 54 

Paspalum dilatatum 74 

Pectocarya penicillata 29 

Pectocarya pusilla 29 

Pectocarya setosa 29 

Pedicularis densiflora 65 

Pellaea andromedifolia 15 

Pellaea mucronata 15 

Penstemon breviflora 

(see Keckiella breviflora) 64 

Penstemon centranthifolius 

(was Keckiella c., back to Penstemon c.) 65 

Penstemon heterophyllus 65 

Pentachaeta alsinoides 22 

Pentachaeta exilis ssp. exilis 22 

Pentagramma triangularis 15 

Phacelia brachyloba 48 

Phacelia ciliata 48 

Phacelia distans 48 

Phacelia douglasii 48 

Phacelia imbricata 48 

Phacelia malvifolia 48 

Phacelia ramosissima 48 

Phalaris aquatica 72 

Phalaris canariensis 72 

Phalaris minor 72 

Phalaris paradoxa 72 

Phalaris tuberosa 

(see Phalaris aquatica) 72 

Phlox gracilis 56 

Pholistoma auritum 48 

Pholistoma membranaceum 48 

Phoradendron villosum 67 

Photinia arbutifolia (see Heteromeles arbutifolia) 61 

Pinus coulteri 16 

Pinus ponderosa 16 

Pinus radiata 16 

Piperia elegans 71 

Pisum sativa 41 

Pityrogramma triangularis 

(see Pentagramma triangularis) 15 

Plagiobothrys bracteatus 29 

Plagiobothrys californicus 

(see Plagiobothrys collinus var. californicus) 29 

Plagiobothrys collinus 29 

Plagiobothrys collinus var. californicus 29 

Plagiobothrys canescens 29 

Plagiobothrys nothofulvus 30 

Plagiobothrys reticulatus 30 

Plagiobothrys tenellus 30 

Plagiobothrys trachycarpus 30 

Plagiobothrys uncinatus 30 

Plantago erecta 54 

Plantago indica 54 

Plantago insularis 

(see Plantago ovata) 54 

Plantago lanceolata 54 

Plantago major 54 

Plantago ovata 54 

Platanus racemosa 55 

Platystemon californicus 54 

Plectritus ciliosa 67 

Plectritus congesta 67 

Plectritus macrocera 67 

Poa annua 75 

Poa howellii 75 

Poa pratensis 76 

Poa secunda 76 

Poa scabrella 

(see Poa secunda) 76 

Pogogyne serpylloides 49 

Polycarpon depressum 34 

Polygonum arenastrum 57 

Polygonum aviculare 57 

(see Polygonum arenastrum) 57 

Polypodium californicum 15 

Polypogon australis 72 

Polypogon interruptus 72 

(see Polypogon australis) 72 

93

Polypogon monspeliensis 72 

Polypogon semiverticillatus 

(see Agrostis) 77 

Polystichum imbricans 14 

Polystichum munitum (see P. imbricans) 14 

Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa 62 

Populus trichocarpa 62 

(see Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa) 62 

Portulaca oleracea 59 

Potentilla glandulosa 61 

Prunus demissa (see Prunus virginiana) 61 

Prunus ilicifolia 61 

Prunus virginiana 61 

Psilocarphus tenellus 24 

Psoralea macrostachya 

(see Hoita macrostachya) 39 

Psoralea orbicularis 

(see Hoita orbicularis) 39 

Psoralea physodes 

(see Rupertia physodes) 41 

Pteridium aquilinum 14 

Pterostegia drymarioides 57 

Quercus agrifolia 43 

Quercus X alvordiana 43 

Quercus X chasei 44 

Quercus chrysolepis 44 

Quercus douglasii 44 

Quercus john-tuckeri 44 

Quercus X jolonensis 44 

Quercus kelloggii 44 

Quercus lobata 44 

Quercus X munzii 44 

Quercus turbinella 

(see Quercus john-tuckeri) 44 

Quercus wislizenii 45 

Rafinesquia californica 26 

Ranunculus californicus 60 

Ranunculus hebecarpus 60 

Raphanus sativus 32 

Rhamnus californica 

(see Rhamnus tomentella) 60 

Rhamnus crocea 

(see Rhamnus ilicifolia) 60 

Rhamnus ilicifolia 60 

Rhamnus tomentella 60 

Rhus (see Toxicodendron) 17 

Ribes amarum 46 

Ribes aureum 46 

Ribes californica 46 

Ribes divaricatum 46 

Ribes malvaceum 46 

Ribes menziesii 47 

Ribes sericium 47 

Ribes speciosum 47 

Rigiopappus leptocladus 22 

Robinia pseudoacacia 41 

Romneya coulteri 54 

Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum 32 

Rosa californica 61 

Rosa gymnocarpa62 

Rubus ursinus 62 

Rumex acetosella 58 

Rumex conglomeratus 58 

Rumex crispus 58 

Rumex pulcher 58 

Rumex salicifolius 58 

Rupertia physodes 41 

Sagina apetala 34 

Sagina decumbens 34 

Sagina decumbens ssp. occidentalis 34 

Sagina occidentalis 

(see Sagina decumbens ssp. occidentalis) 34 

Salix exigua 63 

Salix hindsiana 

(see Salix exigua) 63 

Salix laevigata 63 

Salix lasiolepis 63 

Salvia columbariae 49 

Salvia leucophylla 49 

Salvia mellifera 49 

Sambucus cerulea (see Sambucus mexicana) 33 

Sambucus mexicana 33 

Sanguisorba minor 62 

Sanicula bipinnata 19 

Sanicula bipinnatifida 19 

Sanicula crassicaulis 19 

Sanicula tuberosa 19 

Satureja chamissonis 50 

Satureja douglasii (see Satureja chamissonis) 50 

Satureja mimuloides 50 

Saxifraga californica 63 

Schismus barbatus 74 

Scirpus cernuus 68 

Scirpus microcarpus 68 

Scleropoa rigida (see Desmazeria rigida) 74 

Scutellaria tuberosa 50 

Scrophularia californica 65 

Selaginella bigelovii 15 

Senecio breweri 27 

Senecio vulgaris 28 

Silene antirrhina 34 

Silene gallica 35 

Silene verecunda 35 

Silybum marianum 23 

Sinapis arvensis 32 

Sisymbrium altissimum 32 

Sisymbrium officinale 32 

Sisyrinchium bellum 69 

Sitanion jubatum 

(see Elymus multisetus) 77 

Smilacina stellata 70 

Solanum nodiflorum 66 

Solanum sarrachoides 66 

Solanum umbelliferum 66 

Solidago californica 22 

Soliva sessilis 20 

Sonchus asper 27 

Sonchus oleraceus 27 

Specularia (see Triodanis) 33 

Spergularia bocconii 35 

Spergularia rubra 35 

Stachys bullata 50 

94

Stachys pycnantha 50 

Stebbinsoseris heterocarpa 27 

Stellaria media 35 

Stellaria nitens 35 

Stephanomeria virgata 27 

Stipa cernua 

(see Nassella cernua) 76 

Stipa coronata 

(see Achnatherum coronatum) 76 

Stipa lepida 

(see Nassella lepida) 76 

Stipa pulchra 

(see Nassella pulchra) 77 

Streptanthus glandulosa 32 

Stylocline gnaphaloides 24 

Stylomecon heterophylla 54 

Symphoricarpos albus) 34 

Symphoricarpos mollis 34 

Symphoricarpos rivularis 

(see Symphoricarpos albus) 34 

Tanacetum parthenium 21 

Taraxacum officinale 27 

Tauschia hartwegii 19 

Thalictrum polycarpum 60 

Thelypodium lasiophyllum 

(see Guillenia lasiophylla) 31 

Thermopsis macrophylla 41 

Thysanocarpus curvipes 32 

Thysanocarpus laciniatus 32 

Tillaea (see Crassula) 36 

Tribulus terrestris 68 

Torilis nodosa 19 

Toxicodendron diversilobum 17 

Trichostema lanatum 50 

Trichostema lanceolatum 50 

Trifolium albopurpureum 41 

Trifolium amplectens 

(see Trifolium depauperatum) 42 

Trifolium barbigerum 41 

Trifolium bifidum 42 

Trifolium ciliolatum 42 

Trifolium depauperatum 42 

Trifolium dubium42 

Trifolium gracilentum 42 

Trifolium hirtum 42 

Trifolium microcephalum 42 

Trifolium microdon 42 

Trifolium obtusiflorum 42 

Trifolium oliganthum 42 

Trifolium tridentatum 

(see Trifolium willdenovii) 42 

Trifolium variegatum 42 

Trifolium willdenovii 42 

Trifolium wormskioldii 43 

Triodanis biflora 33 

Trisetum canescens 72 

Triticum aestivum 78 

Triteleia ixioides (Brodiaea lutea) 70 

Triteleia laxa 71 

Triphysaria pusilla 66 

Tropidocarpum gracile 32 

Typha angustifolia 78 

Typha latifolia 78 

Umbellularia californica 50 

Uropappus lindleyi 27 

Urtica holosericea 67 

Urtica urens 67 

Verbena lasiostachys 67 

Veronica anagallis-aquatica 

(see Veronica catenata) 66 

Veronica catenata66 

Veronica peregrina 66 

Veronica persica 66 

Vicia americana 43 

Vicia angustifolia 

(see Vicia sativa ssp. nigra) 43 

Vicia dasycarpa 

(see Vicia villosa ssp. varia) 43 

Vicia exigua 

(see Vicia hassei) 43 

Vicia hassei 43 

Vicia sativa 43 

Vicia sativa ssp. nigra 

Vicia villosa 43 

Vicia villosa ssp. varia 43 

Viola pedunculata 67 

Viola purpurea 67 

Viola quercetorum 

(see Viola purpurea ssp. quercetorum) 67 

Vulpia bromoides76 

(was Festuca dertonensis) 

Vulpia microstachys complex 

var. microstachys 76 

var. ciliata 76 

var. confusa 76 

var. pauciflora 76 

Vulpia myuros 

var. hirsuta (was Festuca megalura) 76 

var. myuros (was Festuca myuros) 76 

Vulpia octoflora (Festuca octoflora) 76 

Woodwardia fimbriata 14 

Wyethia helenioides 24 

Xanthium spinosum 24 

Yabea microcarpa 19 

Yucca whipplei 71 

Zauschneria californica 

(see Epilobium canum) 52 

*Bold Highlight Indicates Revisions in Jepson Manual, 

Hickman (1993). See synonymy. 

95

FLORA OF HASTINGS RESERVATION - Hastings Reserve

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