GRAPHIS ScnIPTA
GRAPHIS ScnIPTA
GRAPHIS ScnIPTA
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<strong>GRAPHIS</strong> <strong>ScnIPTA</strong><br />
Volym 12, hafte 1,,2000<br />
Nordisk Lichenologlsk Forening
Nordisk Lichenologisk Ftirening (NLF)<br />
Nordic Lichen Society<br />
Ordftirande President: Roland Moberg,<br />
Museum of Evoluton, Botany Section<br />
(Fytoteket), Evolutionary Biology Center,<br />
Uppsala University, Norbyviigen 16, SE-752<br />
36 Uppsala (Sweden), e-mail: roland.moberg<br />
@evolmuseum.uu.se<br />
Vice ordftirande Yice President: Ulrik<br />
Sochting, Institut f. Sporeplanter, A. Farimagsgade<br />
2D, DK-I353 Ksbenhavn,<br />
Danmark, e-mail : ulriks@bot:ku.dk.<br />
Sekreterare Secretary: Patrik Frrtddn, Inst.<br />
ftir systematisk botanik, Lunds universitet, O.<br />
Vallgatan I 8-20, 3-223 6l Lund, Sverige, email<br />
: patrik. froden@sysbot. lu. se.<br />
Graphis Scripta is published by the Nordic<br />
Lichen Society (NLF) twice a year. Graphis<br />
Scripta publishes papers of interest to Nordic<br />
lichenology and information from NLF.<br />
Membership of NLF is open to all individuals<br />
interested in lichenology. The membership is<br />
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Redaktdr Managing Editor: Ingvar Ktirnefelt,<br />
Inst. for systematisk botanik, Lunds universitet,<br />
0. Vallgatan 20, 3-223 6l Lund,<br />
Sverige, e-mail: Ingvar.Karnefelt@botmus.<br />
lu.se.<br />
Teknisk redaktion Technical board:<br />
Gunnar Carlin, Anders Nordin, och G
On the identity of Ocellularia atlantica Erichs.<br />
PER M. JORGENSEN<br />
While revising the European thelotremes (Purvis<br />
et al. 1994), the tlpe of Ocellularia atlantica<br />
Erichs. was unavailable, and we decided<br />
not to include it in our study since it was<br />
known only from the Canary Islands, and was<br />
recorded with spores quite different from any<br />
European species of Thelotrema.<br />
Hafellner (1995: 95), however, suggested<br />
that it belonged to T. subtile Tuck., a rather<br />
unlikely conclusion as that species has spores<br />
which are considerably smaller than recorded<br />
for O. atlantica. A study of the type now<br />
appeared necessary. With the kind assistance<br />
of Harrie Sipman, Berlin the type from the<br />
Canary Islands (Figure I ) was finally located<br />
in HBG.<br />
Material and methods<br />
The tlpe specimen from HBG was compared<br />
with specimens in BG, hand-sectioned, and<br />
sections in water were studied under different<br />
magnifications in an ordinary light-microscope.<br />
Results<br />
Jorgensen, P. M. 2000: On the identity of Ocellularia atlantica Erichs.<br />
Graphis Scripta I2: l-2. Stockholm. ISSN 0901-7593.<br />
Study of the tlpe of Ocellularia atlantica Erichs. has shown that it is not<br />
Thelotema subtile Tuck. as recently claimed, but instead a species of Porina.<br />
Since it is the oldest name on species level for the long-spored taxa in the P.<br />
nucula Ach. group, the name is transfened to that genus, hopefully stabilizing<br />
the continuously changing nomenclature of that group.<br />
Per M. Jorgensen, Dept. of Botany, University of Bergen, AUdgt. 4I, N-5007<br />
Bergen, Norway.<br />
thick, uneven and coarsely granular with globose,<br />
up to 1 mm in diameter, closed ascomata<br />
(perithecia) with a pinkish brown ostiolar<br />
region. This impression was confirmed by<br />
anatomical studies, though the up to I I -<br />
septate, fusiform spores tend to be on the<br />
broad side for P. heterospora, up to 20 mm<br />
wide, including the 3-4 mm thick perispore.<br />
Since Erichsen's epithet is far older on<br />
species level than any which has been applied<br />
to long-spored specimens of the Porina<br />
nucula Ach. complex, I regard it necessary to<br />
make the formal combination to stabilize the<br />
nomenclature, at least for the taxon distributed<br />
from Macaronesia to SW Ireland (Kalb &<br />
Hafellner 1992:82).<br />
Porina atlantica (Erichs.) P. M. Jorg.<br />
comb. nov.<br />
Ocellularia atlantica Erichs., Hedwigia 66:<br />
276 (1926). - Typus: Canary Islands, Tenerifa,<br />
Llano de los Vieijos in Monte Minas de<br />
Abajo, on Laurus canariensis, 17.Ill.l9l9, L.<br />
Lindiger (HB G-holotypus ! )<br />
Superlicially the specimen is very similar in This would be the name to use for all material<br />
appearance to a lichen I once collected in SW on both sides of the Atlantic according to<br />
Ireland, then named Porina heterospora McCarthy (2000: 6) for what he calls Porina<br />
(Fink) Hanis (Purvis & James 1992: 491). guaranitica Malme in couplet 40' However,<br />
The creamish grey thallus of the type is rather there are divided opinions on the taxonomy in<br />
America (McCarthy 1993, Harris 1995), so
2 Per M. Jorgensen<br />
Figure 1. Tlpe specimen of Ocellularia atlantica Erichs. (HBG). Scale: I mm.<br />
that matter needs further study before the<br />
nomenclature of American material can be<br />
conclusively settled. It is, however, clear that<br />
Thelotrema subtile does not occur on our side<br />
of the Atlantic.<br />
References<br />
Hafellner, J. 1995: A new checklist of the<br />
lichens and lichenicolous fungi of insular<br />
Laurimacaronesia, including a lichenological<br />
bibliography for the area.<br />
Fritschiana 5: l-132.<br />
Harris, R. C. 1995: More Florida lichens.<br />
New York. (privately printed).<br />
Kalb, K. & Hafellner, J. 1992: Bemerkenswerte<br />
Flechten und lichenicole Pilze von<br />
der Insel Madeira. Herzogia 9: 45-102.<br />
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA l2 (2000)<br />
McCarthy, P. M. 1993: Saxicolous species of<br />
Porina MUll. Arg. (Tricotheliaceae) in the<br />
Southern Hemisphere. Bibliotheca Lichenologica<br />
52: l-134.<br />
McCarthy, P. M. 2000: Key to the saxicolous<br />
taxa of Porinu Lichenologist 32: l-13.<br />
Purvis, O. W. & James, P.W. 1992: Porina.<br />
In: Puwis, O. W., Coppins, B. J., Hawksworth,<br />
D. L., James, P. J. & Moore, D. M.<br />
(eds): The lichen flora of Great Britain<br />
and lreland. Natural History Publications/The<br />
British Lichen Society, London.<br />
Purvis, O. W., Jorgensen, P. M. & James, P.<br />
W. 1994: The lichen genus Thelotrema<br />
Ach. in Europe. Bibliotheca Lichenologica<br />
52:335-360.
The lichens on gneiss and diabase on Tiirn6, SE Sweden<br />
LARS T'NOBPRC<br />
Froberg, L. 2000: The lichens on gneiss and diabase on Ttirn6, SE Sweden.<br />
Graphis Scripta I2: 3-8. Stockholm. ISSN 090l-7593.<br />
The sa:ricolous lichen flora on the island of Tiirno in the province of<br />
Blekinge, SE Sweden was investigated. Of the 64 taxa found, 46 occurred on<br />
gneiss and 47 on diabase. Five species which were absent on gneiss, were<br />
rather abundant on diabase in their corrresponding habitats, viz. Acarospora<br />
fuscata, Caloplaca thallincola, Lecanora achariana, L. campestris and<br />
Phaeophyscia sciastra. Three species which were absent on diabase, were<br />
rather abundant on gneiss in their conesponding habitats, viz. Arctoparmelia<br />
incurva, Caloplaca scopularus and Miriquidica deusfa. Possible reasons for<br />
the differences of the lichen vegetation on the two substrates are discussed.<br />
Lecanora rimicola isreported as new to Blekinge.<br />
Lars Frdberg, Dept. of Systematic botany, (Jniversity of Lund, Ostra Vallgatan<br />
14-20, SE-223 6l Lund, Sweden.<br />
Email : I ars.frob erg@rysbot. lu. s e<br />
The so
4 Lars Frdberg GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
Figure 2. The bedrock at locality l. The gneiss on the right side is recognized by a less<br />
weathered surface than the diabase on the left side, with the border from top left to bottom right.<br />
Photo: Lars-G0ran Olsdn.<br />
Sunexposed pavements within and above the<br />
supralittoral zone, as well as sunexposed and<br />
shaded vertical surfaces were included in the<br />
study. The size of the areas studied varied<br />
between l0 n* and 100 nl, and they were<br />
each investigated for 0.5-l h. For those lichen<br />
species that were identified in the field, the<br />
cover was estimated in a three-gfaded scale.<br />
Scientific names follow Santesson ( I 993).<br />
Collected material will be deposited at the<br />
Botanical Museum in Lund (LD).<br />
Localities (Figure 1)<br />
Ll: At the NE light house, sunexposed pavements<br />
with gneiss and diabase, 0-2 m<br />
above sea level.<br />
L2: At the NW point of the island, sunexposed<br />
pavements with gneiss, 0-3 m above sea<br />
level.<br />
L3: Just NW of the south light house, shaded,<br />
vertical surface with diabase, 35 m above<br />
sea level.<br />
W: At the south light house, sunexposed<br />
pavements and vertical surfaces with diabase,<br />
40 m above sea level.<br />
L5:250 m E of the south light house, sunexposed<br />
pavement and rather shaded, vertical<br />
surface close to the shore with gneiss,<br />
l0-15 m above the sea level.<br />
Results and discussion<br />
In total , 64 taxa were recorded, of which 46<br />
on gneiss and 47 on diabase (Table I ). On<br />
gneiss, 15 taxa were found in the supralittoral<br />
zone,34 on sunexposed rock above the supralittoral<br />
zone and 12 on shaded rock faces. On<br />
diabase, 13 taxa were found in the supralittoral<br />
zone, 29 on sunexposed rock above the
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
supralittoral zone and 16 on shaded rock<br />
faces. At Ll, the gneiss hosted 25 ta:ra (10<br />
supralittoral and 17 tenestrial), while the diabase<br />
hosted 30 taxa (13 supralittoral and 23<br />
terrestrial). One species is new for Blekinge,<br />
viz. Lecanora rimicola.<br />
Less than 50% of the taxa occurred on<br />
both gneiss and diabase. However, these differences<br />
may partly be due to differences in<br />
the abundance of the substrates in different<br />
habitats. Pavements with gneiss were more<br />
conrmon than pavements with diabase, both<br />
within and above the supralittoral zone, and<br />
prevailed therefore in the study. On the other<br />
hand, the best developed lichen flora in<br />
shaded situations was found on diabase. However,<br />
some of the differences found may be<br />
related to the properties of the substrates.<br />
At Ll, the slope and exposition of the<br />
gneiss and diabase pavements seem to be<br />
similar (Figure 2), making this locality suitable<br />
for a comparison of the lichen vegetation.<br />
The diabase pavement host slightly more<br />
species than the gneiss pavement, both in the<br />
supralittoral and terrestrial zones (Table I ).<br />
However, more studies are required for any<br />
conclusions on the species richness of the two<br />
substrates.<br />
Lecanora achariana, L. campestris and<br />
Phaeophyscia sciastra were abundant to<br />
rather abundant at Ll on diabase, while<br />
Acarospora fuscata and Lecanora achariana<br />
were abundant at IA on diabffie, but they all<br />
lacked on gneiss (Table I ). These species<br />
probably prefer a high pH value (Hallingbiick<br />
1995, Nimis 1999). L. achariana dominated<br />
on the upper parts of the diabase pavement at<br />
Ll as well as parts of the horizontal pavement<br />
at I-4. Although it prefers acid substrates in<br />
the Mediterranean according to Nimis (1999),<br />
the species has been found on rock surfaces<br />
with trickled water on Hallands V6derci (Arup<br />
& Ekman l99l) and on Skaftri (Degelius<br />
1939), two islands on the Swedish west coast.<br />
The increased supply of nutrients due to the<br />
running water might create similar conditions<br />
as those on the diabase pavement. In the study<br />
of the lichen flora of Hallands Vtiderci, SW<br />
Lichens on Tcirnd 5<br />
Sweden (Arup & Ekman 1991), an amphibolite<br />
ridge was investigated. Five of the lichen<br />
species on the ridge also occur on Ttirnri on<br />
diabase, viz. Caloplaca atroflava, Candelariella<br />
aurella, Diploschistes scruposus, Lecanora<br />
campestris and Lecidella scabra. All of<br />
these species except C. atroflava are absent on<br />
gneiss on Ttirn0. Both amphibolite and diabase<br />
consist of hard rock with a high pH<br />
value, which may be suitable for these lichen<br />
species.<br />
Miriquidica deusta was rather abundant<br />
on gneiss at Ll and L2, and Arctoparmelia<br />
incurva was rather abundant on gneiss at L5,<br />
while they were absent on diabase (Table l).<br />
Both species probably prefer acid substrates<br />
according to Nimis (1999) and Wirth (1995).<br />
In the supralittoral zone, Caloplaca<br />
scopularis was abundant to rather abundant<br />
on gneiss at Ll and LL while C. thallincola<br />
was rather abundant at Ll on diabase instead<br />
(Table 1). In an investigation of the lichen<br />
flora of the Karlsci islands, SW of Gotland in<br />
the Baltic Sea (Johansson et al. 2000), C.<br />
thallincola was cornmon in the supralittoral<br />
zone on mainly calcareous rock, while C.<br />
scopulans was found only on siliceous rock at<br />
a few localities. The latter species presumably<br />
prefers acidic substrates, and was probably<br />
rare on the Karlsri islands because of the scarcity<br />
of siliceous rock here.<br />
Considerations of nature preservation<br />
Although no red-listed or other rare species<br />
have been found in this investigation, the<br />
lichen vegetation on the exposed bedrock on<br />
TArnO may warrant some kind of protection.<br />
Diabase which is sunexposed and have a rich<br />
lichen flora is rare in the region. Ll on the NE<br />
coast of the island, which has the unique combination<br />
of gneiss and diabase pavements<br />
beside each other, is situated outside the present<br />
area of the nature reserve and should be<br />
protected. The knowledge of the differences<br />
between the lichen vegetation on these substrates<br />
is presently very little.
6 Lars Frdberg GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
Teble 1. Sa:
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000) Lichens on Trirnd 7<br />
Taxa Ll L2 L3 LA L5<br />
GII GV DH DV GH GF GV DL DII DL GII GL<br />
Lecidella scabral x<br />
Lepraria lobiJicans/L. vouauxii ! 3<br />
Leproloma membranacea 3 2<br />
Lichina conJinis t. 2<br />
Melaneliafuliginosalllll<br />
Micarea peliocarpa I x<br />
Miriquidicadeusta! 2 2<br />
Neofuscelialoxodes 2 3<br />
N.pulla 3 2 3 2 2 2<br />
Ochrolechia androgna ! x<br />
Parmelia omphalodes I 3<br />
P.saxatilis 2 2 I I 3 I 2 3<br />
P. sulcata 2<br />
Pertusariaaspergilla! x I<br />
Phaeophyscia sciastra 2 2<br />
Physciacaesia 3 I 3 3 2<br />
P. tenellavar. marina I I 2<br />
Platismatia glauca I I<br />
Porpidia macrocatpa ! 3<br />
Protoparmelia badia I<br />
Psilolechia lucida 3<br />
Ramalina polynorpha 2<br />
Rhizocarpongeographiam2 | 2 3 2<br />
R.lecanorinum 3 3 2 2 3<br />
R. obscaratum ! x<br />
R.richardii! x x<br />
Rinodinagennariil x x x 3<br />
Schaereriafuscocinereal 2 2<br />
Scoliciosporum umbrinum ! x<br />
Tephromelaatra 2 2 2 3 | 2<br />
Trapeliopsistlexuosa/granulosa ! x<br />
T. pseudogranulosal x<br />
Umbilicariapolryhylla I I | 2 2<br />
Verttcariamaura 3 3 3
8 Lars Frdberg GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
Taxa LI<br />
GH GV<br />
Xanthoparmelia conspersa 3<br />
Xanthoria candelaria<br />
X. parietina<br />
Total no. of taxa<br />
References<br />
DH DV<br />
Arup, U. & Ekman, S. l99l: Lavfloran pn<br />
Hallands Viiderri. Svensk Bot. Tidslv. 85:<br />
263-308.<br />
Degelius, G. 1939: Die Flechten von Norra<br />
Skaftdn. Uppsala (Jniversitets Arsslrift<br />
re3e (t r).<br />
Hallingb6ck, T. 1995 : Ekologisk kntalog dver<br />
I avar. ArtDatabanken, Uppsala.<br />
L2<br />
GH GF<br />
2<br />
3<br />
2<br />
L3<br />
GV DL<br />
L4<br />
DH DL<br />
L5<br />
GH GL<br />
17 l0 23 l3 t9 t2 l0 16 18 l0 13 12<br />
Johansson, P., Arup, U. & Frriberg, L. 2000:<br />
Lavfloran pn Stora och Lilla Karlsri.<br />
Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 94:205-254.<br />
Nimis, P. 1999: Lichen database of ltaly 1.0.<br />
Univ. of Trieste, Dept. of Biology,<br />
IN I .0/99 (http://biobase.kfunigraz.ac.at/<br />
fl echte/owa/askitalfl o).<br />
Santesson, R. 1993: The lichens and lichenicolous<br />
fungi of Sweden and Norway.<br />
SBT-fbrlaget, Lund.<br />
Wirth, V. 1995: Die Flechten Baden-IVilrttembergs,<br />
ed. 2. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart.
Influence of air-drying and storage at -15 oC on cellular<br />
distributions of cations in Cladonia portentosa<br />
MARKO HYVANTNPN ANd PETER D. CRITTENDEN<br />
Hyviirinen, M. & Crittenden, P. D. 2000: Influence of air-drying and storage<br />
at - l5 oC on cellular distributions of cations in Cladonia portentosa. Graphis<br />
Scripta I2: 9-l l. Stockholm. ISSN 0901-7593.<br />
The impact of air-drylng and storage frozen on cellular distribution of potassium,<br />
magnesium and calcium in the apices (top 5 mm) of the cushionforming<br />
lichen Cladonia portentosa was investigated. Only small changes in<br />
cellular distributions of cations were detected in lichen specimens stored at -<br />
15 oC for six months compared to freshly collected ones. These results<br />
indicate that large-scale pollution studies, based on changes in cellular distribution,<br />
that tequire storing lichen rnaterial are methodologically feasible<br />
provided that the sample size is kept high enough to counteract potential<br />
moderate increases in variation.<br />
Marko Hlrucirinen, Department of Biolog,t, University of Oulu, P.O. Box<br />
3000, FIN-900 I 4, Oulu, Finland. e-mail: Marko.Hyvarinen@oulu.fi.<br />
Peter D. Crittenden, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nottingham,<br />
University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.<br />
The sequential elution technique developed by<br />
Brown and co-workers (e.g. Brown & Wells<br />
1988) has become a widely used laboratory<br />
practice in studies on cellular cation distribution<br />
and kinetics of cation uptake in cryptogams<br />
(reviewed by Nieboer et al. 1978;<br />
Brown & Beckett 1984; Brown 1991). Even<br />
though this method has a great potential in<br />
detecting air pollution induced changes in<br />
cation distribution in lichens (see Hyviirinen<br />
& Crittenden 1996) its applicability in large<br />
scale studies is hindered by the prevailing<br />
understanding that the lichen material should<br />
be either fresh or stored moist for only up to<br />
two weeks to avoid marked redistribution of<br />
cations (e.g. Brown & Avalos 1993).<br />
Materials and methods<br />
In order to determine whether the sequential<br />
elution technique can be applied to air-dried<br />
and short-term frozen stored material two<br />
separate batches of Cladonia portentosa were<br />
collected from a heathland at Stiperstones,<br />
Shrophsire, UK. Both collections, the first one<br />
in early April and the second one in early<br />
October were carried out during periods of<br />
frequent rainfall when lichen cushions were<br />
naturally moistened by rainwater. The first<br />
batch was air-dried in room temperature,<br />
sealed in polythene bags and stored at - 15 "C.<br />
After 6 months this material was defrosted (in<br />
polythene bags) at room temperature, rehydrated<br />
overnight at 4 "C and 100 % relative<br />
humidity (over water in a desiccator), sprayed<br />
twice with deionized water to ensure full saturation<br />
and then subjected, together with the<br />
newly collected batch of lichens, to the<br />
sequential elution procedure of Brown &<br />
Wells (1988) with some modifications. Thallus<br />
apices (top 5 mm, c. 200 mg fresh weight<br />
per each specimen) were submerged for l0<br />
min in 40 ml water (Wl) in order to remove
l0 Marko Hycirinen and Peter D. Crittenden<br />
potential surface contaminants, this step wuls<br />
repeated (W2), and then the exchangeable<br />
cations eluted by two 30 min treatments in l0<br />
ml 20 mM NiCl2 Ni l, Ni2) prior to a final l0<br />
min wash by submerging in a further l0 ml<br />
water (W3). The submerged thalli were<br />
shaken gently during each step in the procedure.<br />
The average net change in volume of<br />
solution in a vial due to carry over with the<br />
lichen sample from one vial to another was<br />
estimated by weighing a subsample of 5 vials<br />
at each step before and after elution. Subsequent<br />
concentration calculations were based<br />
on these corrected volumes. After the final<br />
elution thalli were then digested in concentrated<br />
HNO3 and the digest evaporated to dryness<br />
at 175 "C, The residue was dissolved in<br />
l0 ml I M HNO3 and appropriate quantities of<br />
CsCl2 and LaCl2 added prior to the determination<br />
of K*, Mg'* and Ca2* in the water<br />
washes, Ni solutions and acid digests by<br />
means of atomic absorption spectrophotometry<br />
(AAS) using acetylene as fuel. Air was<br />
used as support gas in K* and Mg2* analyses<br />
and nitrous oxide in Ct* analysis. Flame<br />
emission mode was used for Mg2* and atomic<br />
absorption mode for the other two elements.<br />
Extracellular cation concentrations were<br />
derived from analysis of Ni I and Ni2 and<br />
intracellular concentrations from analysis of<br />
the acid digests.<br />
Results and discussion<br />
The results showed that somewhat surprisingly<br />
the cellular distribution of cations was<br />
fairly similar between the fresh and stored<br />
material (Figure I ). No significant differences<br />
between concentrations of intracellular or<br />
extracellular cations in fresh and stored thalli<br />
were observed although the variations in content<br />
of extracellular K* and in the ratio extracellular:<br />
intracellular K* were significantly<br />
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
greater in stored thalli (F,**-test, p
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000) Cations in Cladonia portentosa I I<br />
?60<br />
do<br />
o l-<br />
it 40<br />
Intracellular I<br />
Extracellular f-]<br />
F resh Stored Fresh Stored Fresh Stored<br />
K- Mgt* c**<br />
A<br />
204<br />
-ao<br />
tr E{J.<br />
v<br />
-- +<br />
l) llo<br />
C)<br />
€ ?.<br />
H<br />
ct<br />
+<br />
r^ "to<br />
LV<br />
Figure 1. Mean concentrations of inta- and extracellular K*, tvtg2* and Ca2* in the apices of 6<br />
months stored and freshly collectd Cladonia portentosa (1 I S.D., n = 9 in both batches).<br />
Hyv[rinen, M. & Crittenden, P. D. 1996: Nieboer, E., Richardson, D. H. S. & Tomas-<br />
Cation ratios in Cladonia portenbsa as sini, F. D. 1978: Mineral uptake and<br />
indicesofprecipitationacidityintheBrit- release by lichens: an overview. Bryoloish<br />
Isles. New Phytologist Ii2: 521-532. gist 8l:226-246.
Punctelia ulophylla new to Norway<br />
YNGVAR GAUSLAA<br />
Gauslaa, Y. 2000: Punctelia ulophylla new to Norway. Graphis Scripta 12:<br />
12-14. Stockholm. ISSN 090t-7593.<br />
Punctelia ulophylla is reported from Norway for the first time, based on one<br />
new locality, and three herbarium specimens from 1970 named P.<br />
subrudecta. Three localities are now known in southwestern Norway.<br />
Yngvar Gauslaa, Department of Biologt and Nature Conservation, The<br />
Agricultural University of Norway, P. O. Box 5014, N-l432 As, Norway.<br />
The European sorediate Punctelia species<br />
with lecanoric acid were recently revised (van<br />
Herk & Aptroot 2000). Two closely related<br />
species were recognized in western and central<br />
Europe: Punctelia subrudecta (NVl.) Krog<br />
and P. ulophylla (Ach.) van Herk & Aptroot.<br />
They were found to occur sympatrically, often<br />
together on one tree, differing in e.g. the<br />
colour and pruinosity of the thallus margin<br />
and location of soralia (van Herk & Aptroot<br />
2000). While reading the description of P.<br />
ulophylla, I recalled a Norwegian Punctelia<br />
subrudecta specimen from a new locality in<br />
Farsund, Vest-Agder in 1996. I was pu-zled<br />
by its greenish colour and strikingly marginal<br />
soralia in the field, but according to current<br />
literature at that time, the specimen could be<br />
nothing else but P. subrudecta. Having also a<br />
pruinose margin, the examined material fits<br />
well to the new description of P. ulophylla, as<br />
was confirmed by Aptroot and van Herk.<br />
Since P. ulophylla was recently recognised<br />
as a separate species, the Norwegian P.<br />
subrudecta collections in O (14 specimens),<br />
BG (8 specimens) and NLH (2 specimens)<br />
were checked. Three P. ulophylla specimens<br />
from two different localities were found<br />
among the studied specimens. The two specimens<br />
from fuOat in Rogaland were collected<br />
on Alnus glutinosa, during a lichenological<br />
excursion in 1970 (Krog l97l) by Osthagen<br />
and Hsiland; the third specimen (Nedstrand in<br />
Rogaland) was collected on Acer pseudoplatanus<br />
by R. Elven during the same excursion.<br />
Typical P. subntdecta specimens were simultaneously<br />
collected from both mentioned<br />
localities by H. Krog (fudal) and H. Osthagen<br />
(Nedstrand), and P. subntdecta was subsequently<br />
published as new to Norway (Krog<br />
l97l) with a description that fitted P.<br />
subrudecta only.<br />
As pointed out by van Herk & Aptroot<br />
(2000), the two species are closely related,<br />
and are separated by morphological characters<br />
only. In Norway, they occur sympatrically in<br />
two of the three known localities, as has been<br />
observed in other parts of Europe (van Herk &<br />
Aptroot 2000). Only two specimens have<br />
distinctly pruinose margins; the two others<br />
have pale margins. The morphological variation<br />
of the Norwegian sympatric populations<br />
should be studied in the field.<br />
Ecology<br />
The new P. ulophylla specimen from Kvile in<br />
Farsund was found on a Quercu.s stem dominated<br />
by parmelioid lichens, especially Parmelia<br />
sulcata and P. sacatilis, but Hypotrachyna<br />
revoluta, Parmotrema chinense and<br />
Cetrelia olivetorum were also present. Flavoparmelia<br />
caperata was observed in small<br />
quantities in the surroundings. The Quercus-
GRAPHTS SCRIPTA 12 (2000)<br />
dominated stand was grazed, and consisted of<br />
relatively young, apparently more or less<br />
even-aged trees. Lichen vegetation could be<br />
classified as acidophytic (Gauslaa 1985), with<br />
a lack of Lobarion and Xanthorion assemblages<br />
as defined by Barkman (1958). Also its<br />
occurrence on Alnus glutinosa in fudal suggests<br />
that P. ulophylla is somewhat less nutrient-<br />
or pH-demanding than P. subrudecta.<br />
Since it obviously can grow in young and<br />
relatively oligotrophic forests, it can be overlooked.<br />
Punctelia ulophylla appears to be more<br />
rare than P. subrudecta. For some reasons rare<br />
southern parmelioid lichens in Scandinavia,<br />
e.g. Parmotrema chinense, Hypotrachyna<br />
revoluta, Flavoparmelia caperata, Cetrelia<br />
olivetorum, Menegazzia terebrata, Punctelia<br />
subrudectA, P. ulophylla, tend to occur in<br />
clusters with more than one species present at<br />
the same locality. Since clusters of southern<br />
parmelioid species occur scattered and are<br />
often found in acidophytic young forests<br />
(Gauslaa 1985), these species are probably in<br />
some ways limited by some local climatic<br />
conditions rather than by poor dispersal. With<br />
this study, and the recent first Norwegian<br />
report of Parmelia submontana (Gauslaa<br />
1999), the known number of parmelioid<br />
lichens is increasing along the southwestern<br />
coast of Norway. The P. ulophylla distribution<br />
is another example of an enigmatic patchiness<br />
of parmelioid species at their northern distribution<br />
boundary.<br />
Examined Punctelia ulophylla specimens:<br />
Norway. Vest-Agder: Farsund, Kvf,le,<br />
UTM(ED5O) LK 703507, 50 m a. s. 1., on<br />
Quercus stem in a Querczs forest, 1996, Y.<br />
Gauslaa 94228 (NLH), conf. A. Aptroot & K.<br />
van Herk. Rogaland: Hjelmeland, Ardal, Ved<br />
en bekk fra fudalsvatnet, Pe en stamme av<br />
svartor i svartorskog, 1970, K. Hsiland (O-<br />
L33139), det. Y. Gauslaa. Hjelmeland, Ardal,<br />
UTM(ED5O): LL 38 61, ph, Alnus glutinosa,<br />
1970, H. Osthagen (O-Ll 1832), det. Y.<br />
Gauslaa. Tysvrr, Nedstrand, Tveit landbruksskole,<br />
UTM(EDSO): LL 17 83, alt. l0 m, p&<br />
Punctelia ulophylla neu, to Nor-way 13<br />
platanlonn pn tunet, 1970, R. Elven (O-<br />
Ll 1835), det. Y. Gauslaa.<br />
Examined Punctelia subntdecta specimens:<br />
Norway. Vest-Agder: Farsund, Lista, Elkem<br />
NO, pi bok (stort gammelt tre i dker), 1971,<br />
H. Krog (O-Ll 1837). Farsund, Ellestranda,<br />
UTM(ED50): LK 632-634 507-512, i krone-<br />
partiet pi en Quercus petraea, 1977, O. Jslle<br />
(O-Ll 1838). Farsund, the farm Huseby,<br />
58o5N, 6o46'F', alt. 25 m, On the trunk of old<br />
Acer pseudoplatanus in garden, 1993, R.<br />
Haugan & O. Pedersen H2931 (O-Ll 1839).<br />
Rogaland: Egersund, Between Hornesvatnet<br />
and Aygreivannet, On Quercus near the water<br />
fall, UTM(ED50): LK 284 863, 1993, Y.<br />
Gauslaa. (NLH). Haugesund, Fagerheim,<br />
59'27\1, 5ol6'E, alt. 20 m, On Fraxinus<br />
excelsior, 1990: T. Tonsberg 13461 (BG-<br />
L21848), 13462 (BG-L25502, dupl. (O-<br />
Ll l83l). same locality on Acer pseudoplatanus,<br />
13450 (BG-L21849, dupl. O-LI7809).<br />
Hjelmeland, Ardal, Mele bru, 1970, J. Hovda<br />
(O-L45 125). Ardal, UTM(ED50): LL 38<br />
61,1970, H. Krog (O-Ll7808). HA, Lite<br />
elvesskk NW for Varhoug, UTM(ED50): LL<br />
03 03, pf, stammen av Acer pseudoplatanus,<br />
1977 , O. Jslle (O-Ll 1833). Hi" Nesheim, near<br />
road RV44, UTM(ED50): LL 028 086, On<br />
Acer pseudoplatanus near rock fence, 1995, J.<br />
I. Johnsen (BG-Ll5l59). He" Near Rognabekken,<br />
UTM(ED5O): LL 037 036, On Acer<br />
pseudoplatanus in A. pseudoplatanus forest,<br />
1996, J. I. Johnsen (BG-L33588). Sandnes,<br />
NV for Vatneleiren, UTM(ED50): LL 14 29,<br />
pi stamme av et hasseltre, 1977, O. Jolle (O-<br />
Ll 1834). Stavanger, Forusstranden, On Quercus<br />
in old oak-wood, 1993, J. I. Johnsen, det.<br />
D. O. Ovstedal, 1994 (BG-L14245). Stavanger,<br />
Forusstranden, UTM(ED5O): LL 128 329,<br />
alt. 5-10 m, On Quercus in Quercus forest,<br />
1994, J. I. Johnsen (BG-L34685). Tysvrr,<br />
Tveit Jordbruksskole, UTM(ED50): LL 17 83,<br />
Ph, Acer pseudoplatanus, 1970, H. Osthagen<br />
(O-L17807). Tysvrr, Tveit landbruksskole,<br />
UTM(ED5O): LL 17 83, p[ platanlonn pi<br />
tunet, 1980, J. Holtan-Hartwig & E. Timdal.<br />
1537 (O-Ll 1836). Hordaland: Austrheim,
14 Yngvar Gaussla<br />
Ares, On big Acer pseudoplatanus, close to<br />
road, 197l, D. O. Ovstedal (BG-L748S).<br />
Acknowledgements<br />
Thanks to the herbaria in BG and O for loan<br />
of specimens, and to Andrd Aptroot and Kok<br />
van Herk for their fast confirmation of the<br />
identification of the newly found specimen.<br />
References<br />
Barkman, J. J. 1958: Phytosociologt and ecologl<br />
of cryptogamic epiphytes. van<br />
Gorcum, Assen.<br />
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
Gauslaa, Y. 1985: The ecology of Lobarion<br />
pulmonariae and Parmelion caperatae in<br />
Quercus dominated forests in South-west<br />
Nonvay. Lichenologist I 7: ll7 -140.<br />
Gauslaa, Y. 1999: Parmelia submontana new<br />
to Norway. Graphis Scripta I I:25-28.<br />
van Herk, K., & A. Aptroot. 2000: The sorediate<br />
Punctelia species with lecanoric acid<br />
in Europe. Lichenologist 3 2: 233-246.<br />
Krog, H. l97l: En lavekskursjon til Rogaland.<br />
Blyttia 29: 16l-168.
Moelleropsis nebulosa rediscovered in Sweden<br />
STEFAN EKMAT{, PATRIK FRODEN and MARTIN WESTBERG<br />
Ekman, S., Fr0ddn, P. & Westberg, M. 2000: Moelleropsis nebulosa rediscovered<br />
in Sweden. Graphis Stipta I2: 15-22. Stockholm. ISSN 0901-7593.<br />
In 1998, Moelleropsis nebulosa (Hoffrn.) Gyeln. wzls discovered in two<br />
nearby localities in northwestern Skfure. These are the first Swedish finds<br />
since 1960. In the new localities, the species occurs on thin mineral soil<br />
covering coastal diabasic rocks with a sparse cover of vascular plants and<br />
with few other lichens. It is argued that the species may have been overlooked<br />
in this type of habitat. Old records were predominantly from anthropogenous<br />
habitats.<br />
Stefan Elcrnan, Department of Botany, University of Bergen, Alldgaten 4l , N-<br />
5007 Bergen, Norway.<br />
Patrik Frdddn and Martin Westberg, Department of Systematic Botany,<br />
(Jniversity of Lund, Ostra Vallgatan 18-20, SE-223 6l Lund, Sweden.<br />
Moelleropsis nebulosa (Hoffu.) Gyeln. has<br />
been collected from a total of 15 localities in<br />
Sweden (Ingelcig et al. 1993). The finds are<br />
scattered over southern and central Sweden,<br />
with a slight over-representation in the western<br />
part of the country. The first Swedish find<br />
was made in 1823 by G. Wahlenberg. It was<br />
last collected in the province of Vtirmland,<br />
central Sweden, in 1960. According to recent<br />
literature, it was mostly found on sandy or<br />
clayey soils in open, often man-made habitats<br />
(Ingelog et al. 1993, Aronsson et al. 1995,<br />
Almborn 1948). This is certainly true for the<br />
southwesternmost part of the country, where<br />
the two known finds where made in a clay pit<br />
and on a sandy railway embankment, respectively<br />
(Arup & Ekman 1997). Due to the<br />
absence of recent finds, the species was considered<br />
extinct from Sweden in the 1995<br />
national Red List (Aronsson et al. 1995).<br />
In July 1998, SE had the opportunity of<br />
having Moelleropsis nebulosa demonstrated<br />
by Dag Olav Ovstedal on a locality on the<br />
island Sotra neur Bergen in Hordaland, western<br />
Norway. Here, the species occurs on min-<br />
eral soil covering shelves of a west-facing,<br />
more or less vertical, siliceous rock. Apparently,<br />
the species has occurred here continuously<br />
at least since its discovery in 1978<br />
(according to a collection in herbarium BG).<br />
This habitat ecology contrasts strongly to what<br />
has generally been assumed about the Swedish<br />
finds. Could it be that Moelleropsis nebulosa<br />
occurs primarily in fairly stable habitats,<br />
where it has remained undiscovered by<br />
Swedish lichenologists, and that its appearances<br />
in disturbed, ephemeral habitats are of a<br />
secondary nature?<br />
To investigate this idea, the authors<br />
visited the rocky coast of northwestern Skfuie,<br />
southernmost Sweden, in early September<br />
1998. Our first stop was in the small village of<br />
Arild, where Moelleropsrs was discovered on<br />
the very first rocky outcrop where it was<br />
searched for! Later the same duy, a second<br />
locality only about 300 meters away was<br />
discovered. The Moelleropsis populations and<br />
the habitats are described in detail below. The<br />
names of vascular plants follow Karlsson<br />
(l ee8).
16 Stefan Elonan et al. GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
Figure 1. The first of the two localities in Arild (NW Skine, Sweden), wherc Moelleropsis<br />
nebulosa (Hoffrn.) Gyeln. was found in 1998. The locality is photographed from the wsw, and<br />
Moelleropsis occurs on the right-hand part ofthe diabasic rock. -photo: patrik Fr0d€n.<br />
The localities<br />
At the first locality (Figure l), Moelleropsis<br />
nebulosa was found on a diabasic rock situated<br />
25 m from the sea and 2-7 above sea<br />
level. The locality was partly protected by<br />
deciduous trees on the S and SE side s. Moel-<br />
Ieropsis occurred on thin mineral soil covering<br />
small shelves of the sunlit Sw-facing side<br />
of the rock, which had an average inclination<br />
of c. 50o. The inclination of the individual<br />
shelves varied from l0 to almost 90o. Moelleropsis<br />
apparently favoured sites where it<br />
enjoyed a slight protection by other plants, e.<br />
g., just below grass tufts, under the leaves of<br />
Plantago lanceolata, or under thin, crawling<br />
Cotoneaster shrubs. We counted I I thalli<br />
ranging from I to 7 cm2 in size. The larger<br />
thalli had more or less abundant apothecia<br />
(Figure 2). The following vascular plants were<br />
observed in the immediate vicinity of the<br />
Moelleropsis population: Sedum acre, Potentilla<br />
argentea s. lat., Cotoneaster kullensis,<br />
Galium ventm, Armeria maritima,<br />
Campanula rotundifolia, Thymus serpyllum,<br />
Plantago lanceolata, Poa compressa, and<br />
Aira praecox. The only other lichens observed<br />
were depauperate specimens of Cladonia<br />
species.<br />
At the second, close-by locality, Moelleropsis<br />
occurred on a rather low diabasic<br />
rock in overgrown pasture-land 40 m from<br />
and 5 m above the sea. The north side of the<br />
rock, facing the sea, was protected by young<br />
deciduous trees. On the west side of the rock<br />
was a thicket of Prunus spinosa, Lonicera<br />
caprtfolium, and Rubzs species. Moelleropsis<br />
was found on sunlit, naked mineral soil on the<br />
western and northwestern sides of the rock,<br />
which had an average inclination of 45o. The<br />
surfaces where Moelleropsis grows had an<br />
inclination of 20 to almost 90". The thalli<br />
were found between pebbles or under protecting<br />
grass tufts. Only three thalli, ranging in<br />
size from I to 2 cnf , were observed, none of<br />
which had apothecia. Associated vascular
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000) Moelleropsis nebulosa l7<br />
Figure 2. One of the specimens of Moelleropsis nebulosa occurring on basic mineral soil at the<br />
first of the two localities in Arild (the locality illustrated in Figure l). Note the single apothecium<br />
at the top of the specimen. Photo: Patrik Friid6n.<br />
plants were Campanula rotundifolia, Thymus<br />
serpyllum, Galium verum, Plantago lanceolata,<br />
Hieracium pilosella, Helictotrichon<br />
pratense, Festuca ovina, Agrostis capillaris,<br />
and Poa compressa. Other lichens occuffed<br />
very sparingly; only a few depauperate thalli<br />
of Cladonia chlorophaea (Fl6rke ex Sommerf.)<br />
Spreng. were observed.<br />
Localities and collections. Sweden. Skane:<br />
Brunnby par., Arild, c. 200 m E of the chapel,<br />
SW-facing slope of coastal diabasic rock, on<br />
thin soil on rock-shelves, RN (Swedish Grid)<br />
62431 13000, alt. 2-7 m, 3 September 1998,<br />
leg. Ekman 3426, Frriddn & Westberg (LD),<br />
the collection represents a part of one of the<br />
thalli observed. Arild, c. 600 m ESE of the<br />
chapel, W- and NW-facing coastal diabasic<br />
rock, on thin mineral soil covering the rock;<br />
RN (Swedish Grid) 62429 13003, alt. 5 m, 3<br />
September 1998, Ekman, Frciddn & Westberg,<br />
no material was collected.<br />
Threats against the present populations<br />
In a long perspective, the most powerful threat<br />
against the present populations comes from<br />
shading by invading trees and shrubs. Both<br />
localities have young deciduous trees in the<br />
immediate vicinity, which have obviously<br />
become established fairly recently. The first<br />
locality is partly kept free from competitive<br />
shrubs and trees due to wear by outdoor<br />
recreation. At the second locality, the situation<br />
is already critical. If the overgrowing continues<br />
and the localities become shaded, this will<br />
certainly destroy the Moelleropsis populations.
18 Stefan Elonan et al.<br />
How common is Moelleropsis nebulosa in<br />
Sweden?<br />
At the present localities, Moelleropsis occurs<br />
on mineral soil over slightly basic rocks. In<br />
Denmark, it is stated to occur on "acid rocks"<br />
(Alstrup & Sschting 1989; in translation from<br />
Danish), and the same was true for the Norwegian<br />
locality where it was first demonstrated<br />
to SE. Apparently, a mineral-rich (and<br />
humus-poor) soil is more important to Moelleropsis<br />
than the pH of the rock (or the soil).<br />
High air humidity may also be an important<br />
factor. If these observations are corect, there<br />
are numerous potential localities in rocky<br />
areas of Sweden, particularly along parts of<br />
the coast. On the other hand, if Molleropsis<br />
had been a truly cornmon lichen, it is unlikely<br />
that it would have escaped attention for such a<br />
long time, even if its habitat is poorly studied<br />
from a lichenological point of view. It is probable<br />
that Moelleropsis is scattered along the<br />
coasts of southern Sweden, but its true<br />
frequency remains to be established. Hopefully,<br />
this paper will inspire lichenologists to<br />
keep an eye open.<br />
Acknowledgements<br />
We are indebted to Tor Tsnsberg for providing<br />
valuable comments on the manuscript.<br />
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
Dag Olav Avstedal is greatfully acknowledged<br />
by SE for demonstratin g Moelleropsis nebulosa<br />
in the field. Mora Aronsson is thanked<br />
for providing us with an excerpt from the<br />
database of Swedish red-listed lichens at<br />
ArtDatabanken.<br />
References<br />
Almborn, O. 1948: Distribution and ecology<br />
of some South Scandinavian lichens. Bot.<br />
Notiser, Suppl. I (2): l-252.<br />
Alstrup, V. & Sochting, U. 1989: Checkliste<br />
og status over Danmarks laver. Nordisk<br />
Lichenologisk Forening, Kobenhavn.<br />
Aronssotr, M., Hallingbiick, T. & Maffssoll, J.-<br />
E. I 995: R0dlistade vcixter i Sverige 1995.<br />
ArtDatabanken, Uppsala.<br />
Arup, U. & Ekman, S. 1997: Presentation av<br />
arterna. In: Arup, [J., Ekman, S., Kiirnefelt,<br />
I. & Mattsson, J.-E. (eds),<br />
Slcyddsvcirda lavar i sydvcistra Sverige.<br />
SBF-fbrlaget, Lund.<br />
Ingekig, T., Thor, G., Hallingback, T.,<br />
Andersson, R. & Aronsson, M. 1993:<br />
Floravdrd i j ordbrukslandskapet. Slcyddsvcirda<br />
vcixter. SBT-fbrlaget, Lund.<br />
KarlssoD, T. 1998: Ftirteckning Over svenska<br />
kiirlvfiter. Svensk Bot. Tidslrr. 9l: 241-<br />
560.
Eopyrenula septemseptata new to Sweden and notes on the<br />
occurrence of E. leucoplaca<br />
PER JOHANSSON and JANOLOF HERMANSSON<br />
Johansson, P. & Hermansson, J. 2000: Eopyrenula septemseptata new to<br />
Sweden and notes on the occurrence of E. leucoplaca. Graphis Scripta 12:<br />
19-23. Stockholm. ISSN 0901-7593.<br />
Eopyrenula septemseptata is reported new to Sweden from the island of<br />
Gotland. The species is hitherto known only from Norway and Scotland.<br />
Several new localities for E. leucoplaca, which has been considered to be<br />
rare in Sweden, Ne reported from south to northernmost Sweden. This<br />
species is concluded to be somewhat overlooked in Sweden.<br />
Per Johansson, Department of Conservation Biologt, SLU, P. O. Box 7002,<br />
SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.<br />
Janolof Hermansson, Ludvika Municipality, Unit for Physical Planning, ^SE-<br />
771 82 Ludvika, Sweden.<br />
During a survey of deciduous forests and<br />
wooded meadows on Gotland in 1996 Eopyrenula<br />
leucoplaca was reported from three<br />
localities (Johansson & Croneborg 1997). In<br />
1998 two new records of Eopyrenula were<br />
confirmed as E. septemseptata by Brian<br />
Coppins. A re-examination of the material<br />
first reported uN E. leucoplaca revealed<br />
another two localities of E. septemseptata but<br />
one still refers to E. leucoplaca. Thus, one<br />
locality of E. leucoplaca and four of E.<br />
septemseptata is now known from Gotland. E.<br />
septemseptata was recently described and has<br />
hitherto been reported only from four localities<br />
in all: three in Scotland and one in<br />
Southwest Norway (Coppins et al. 1992).<br />
In Sweden E. leucoplaca is thought to<br />
have declined during the last century and is<br />
treated as Endangered (Thor 1996, Thor &<br />
Arvidsson 1999). Also in other European<br />
countries this species is rare, and it is included<br />
in the Red Lists of Denmark, Poland and<br />
Slovakia (see Thor 1996). In 1997-1999 we<br />
recorded E. leucoplaca at several new localities<br />
in the provinces of Uppland, Sciderman-<br />
land and Dalarna in east-central and middle<br />
Sweden. In the autumn of 1999 it was also<br />
found in Lule Lappmark in northernmost<br />
Sweden.<br />
The aim of this paper is to describe the<br />
ecology of Eopyrenula septemseptata on<br />
Gotland and to discuss the ecology and status<br />
of E. leucoplaca in Sweden.<br />
Eopyrenula septemseptata<br />
E. septemseptata is similar to E. leucoplaca<br />
but is separated by having longer spores with<br />
more septa and by long, -26 Fffi, 6-7 septate<br />
macroconidia. The tnacroconidia of E. leucoplaca<br />
are short, - l0 Ffl, and I -septate. The<br />
irscospores are 2l-38 pm in E. septemseptata<br />
compared to 18-26 pm in E. leucoplaca (Coppins<br />
1992). The best way to separate them is<br />
by the macroconidia which are diagnostic. For<br />
a thorough description of E. septemseptata<br />
and good illustrations of ascospores and<br />
conidia see Coppins et al. (1992).<br />
At two localities on Gotland E. septemseptata<br />
was collected with pycnidia alone, ffid<br />
at two localities it was collected with perithe-
20 Per Johansson and Janolov Hermansson<br />
Figure 1. Localities for Eopyrenula septemseptata on Gotland.<br />
cia but no pycnidia. The specimens from<br />
Gotland are characteized by long macroconidia,<br />
2l-26 x 4-5 Fffi, with 6-7 septa. The<br />
ascospores are 24-36 x 6-9.6 pm and 5-8<br />
septate, thus longer and having more septa<br />
than the ascospores of E. leucoplaca. They are<br />
also somewhat more "snow-shoe" shaped and<br />
pointed at the ends than the ascospores of E.<br />
leucoplaca.<br />
E. septemseptata was found at four localities<br />
(Figure l), all former wooded meadows<br />
dominated by Corylus avellana, Frascinus<br />
excelsior and Quercus robur. Three of these<br />
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
localities are pastures today and the canopy is<br />
more or less open. Old pollarded trees are<br />
cornmon, especially of ^F. excelsior. The epiphyic<br />
lichen flora is rich with many red-listed<br />
species. The fourth locality, in Biil parish, is<br />
somewhat different. It consists mainly of<br />
younger deciduous forest with scattered old<br />
trees of Quercus robur and Ulmus minor. The<br />
canopy is closed and other lichens found are<br />
species such as Arthonia cinnabarina and<br />
Thelotrema lepadinuffi, which are typical of<br />
more closed stands with high humidity.
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
At all localities E. septemseptata was<br />
found on Fraxinus excelsior. It was only<br />
found at one tree at each locality, forming<br />
quite extensive patches at each tree though.<br />
The tree-diameter at breasfheight varied from<br />
12 to just above 30 centimeters. The bark<br />
texture is smooth to moderately fissured, with<br />
crevices to about five millimeters depth. E.<br />
septemseptata is mostly gfowing on smooth<br />
bark between the crevices.<br />
Associated species are both species which<br />
ate early in succession, such as Graphis<br />
scripta, Lecidella elaeochroma and Phlyctis<br />
agelaea and late successional species such as<br />
Acrocordia gemmata, Bacidia rubella,<br />
Gyalecta truncigena and Megalaria grossa.<br />
Localities: Gotland: Ala p&r., FjAlangar 3.5<br />
km SSW of Ala church, 57o23T{ 18"37'8, or<br />
Fraxinus excelsior in wooded meadow, 1998,<br />
P. Johansson (herb. Johansson); Bunge por.,<br />
Bunn 2,1 km WSW of Bunge church, close to<br />
road 148, 57o51'N 19"00'E, otr old pollarded<br />
Fraxinus excelsior in wooded meadow, 1998,<br />
P. Johansson (herb. Johansson); Bal pil.,<br />
north of Norrgarde 1.5 km SE of Btil church,<br />
57o38N 18o40'E, or young Fraxinus excelsior<br />
in deciduous forest, 1996, P. Johansson<br />
(herb. Johansson); Ltirbro pil., Gldsttide 3,5<br />
km SSW of Ltirbro church, 57"46T{ 1847'E,<br />
on Fraxinus excelsior in wooded meadow,<br />
1998, P. Johansson I I I (UPS).<br />
Eopyrenula leucoplaca<br />
E. leucoplaca is characterized by its white and<br />
somewhat shining thallus with relatively small<br />
and scattered perithecia somewhat immrrsed<br />
in the thallus. Sometimes only pycnidia are<br />
found and these are superficially similar to the<br />
perithecia. Compared to other pyrenocolps,<br />
like Acrocordia spp. and Anisomeridium<br />
biforme which can be found in the same<br />
habitats, the perithecia of E. leucoplaca are<br />
smaller, more scattered and immersed in the<br />
thallus. For a close description of E. leucoplaca<br />
see Coppins (1992).<br />
Eopyrenula 2l<br />
In 1997-1999 we found E leucoplaca at<br />
nine localities in Uppland, seven in Dalarna,<br />
two in Sridermanland (one record by Thomas<br />
Johansson), one on Gotland and one in Lule<br />
Lappmark. Most of these records were made<br />
at localities dominated by broad-leaved trees,<br />
such as Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior<br />
and Umus glabra, with a rich epiphytic lichen<br />
flora. In Uppland these localities are often<br />
former meadows, while in Dalarna they are<br />
church-yards and parks. At these localities E.<br />
leucoplaca was mostly found on Acer platanoides<br />
(Uppland), Fra,rinus excelsior<br />
(Uppland), Tilia cordata and Ulmus glabra<br />
(Dalarna), but also on youn g Populus tremula.<br />
In Lule Lappmark in northernmost<br />
Sweden and at one locality in Dalarna E.<br />
leucoplaca was found in a different habitat:<br />
late successional stages after forest-fires with<br />
mixed forest of deciduous trees and spruce<br />
Picea abies along small brooks. Here E.<br />
leucoplaca was found on Populus tremula. At<br />
the locality in Lule Lappmark the lichen flora<br />
on P. tremula and Salix caprea is luxuriant<br />
with species such as Collema curtisporum, C.<br />
occultatum, Lobaria pulmonaria and Pannaria<br />
pezizoides. In Dalarna E. leucoplaca is<br />
growing together with e. g. Collema fur/uraceum,<br />
E. leucoplaca was most often found on<br />
moderately fissured bark of younger trees and<br />
rarely in bark crevices of old trees. On old<br />
trees it is probably suffering from competition<br />
from other crustose lichens.<br />
At one locality in Uppland and two in<br />
Dalarna E. leucoplaca was found to be<br />
comrnon, forming extensive patches on the<br />
phorophytes (Husby-Arlinghundra" Jtirna and<br />
Silvberg par.). At several localities it was<br />
found on one to a few trees but common and<br />
forming extensive patches on these trees, and<br />
at ten localities it was just found sparse on<br />
single trees.<br />
Localities: Gotland: Bunge par., Bunn 2.2k:rr<br />
WSW of Bunge church, south of the farm,<br />
57o51'N 19o00'E, on old Fraxinus excelsior in<br />
former pasture, 1998, P. Johansson (herb.
22 Per Johansson and Janolov Hermansson<br />
Johansson). Shdermanland: Brtinnkyrka pil.,<br />
Sdtra strand, 59ol7N 17"47'E, oD young<br />
Populus tremula in closed deciduous forest,<br />
1998, P. Johansson (herb. Johansson);<br />
Vtisterljungs ptr., N of Tvliren, Luckebol,<br />
58o48N 17o36'E, oo one Ulmus, 1999, T.<br />
Johansson (herb. T. Johansson). Uppland:<br />
Husby-arlinghundra pff., Viisterflngsudd, c.<br />
4.5 km SW of Miirsta church, 59o35N<br />
17o40'E, common on Acer platanoides and<br />
Fraxinus excelsior in deciduous forest and<br />
overgrown pasture, 1998, P. Johansson (herb.<br />
Johansson); Lohtirad pil., Kristineholm, c.<br />
500 m NE of the mansion, 60"00N 18o58'E,<br />
abundant on Acer platanoides in forest edge,<br />
1997, P. Johansson (herb. Johansson); Norrtiilje<br />
pil., Lindholmens Nature Reserve, 4 km<br />
NE of NorrtAlje church, 59"46N 18o45'E, oo<br />
Fraxinus excelsior and Populus tremula,<br />
1999, P. Johansson (not collected);<br />
Roslagsbro par., R0rvik Nature Reserve I km<br />
N of Rdrvik, 60o00N 59o60'E, oo Acer platanoides,<br />
1999, P. Johansson (not collected);<br />
Ridmansri pil., Riddersholm, Kvarnudden,<br />
the western part, 6 km SE of Ridmanso<br />
church, 59o45N 19o00'8, oo ash Fraxinus<br />
excelsior in meadow with broad-leaved<br />
deciduous forest, 1997, P. Johansson 7 (UPS);<br />
S6derby-Karl pil., I km W Ekeby, c. 5 km N<br />
of S0derby-Karl church, 60o00N 18o40'E, otr<br />
Acer platanoides and Fraxinus excelsior in a<br />
semi-open pasture, 1997, P. Johansson 75<br />
(UPS); Vaksala p&r., 600 m E of Vittulsberg<br />
mansion, 59"55N l7o4l'F, on Populus<br />
tremula at forest edge, 1999, P. Johansson<br />
(not collected); Vaksala por., Hakriset,2.l km<br />
NE of Vittulsberg mansion, 59"55N 17o42'E,<br />
on Acer platanoides in closed mixed forest,<br />
1999, P. Johansson (not collected); Overgran<br />
ptr., Biskops Arno, eastern part of Kungstrfldgf,rden,<br />
59o40N 17o30'E, sparse on old Fraxinus<br />
excelsior in wooded meadow, 1997, P.<br />
Johansson (herb. Johansson). Dalarna:<br />
Garpenberg por., Garpenberg mansion,<br />
60ol8N l6o12'F', on Acer in the park, 1999 J.<br />
Hermansson (herb. Hemansson); Grangiirde<br />
pff., "Kalles biick", 60"20N 15o00'E, otr two<br />
trees of Populus tremula in mixed forest,<br />
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
1999, J. Hermansson (herb. Hemansson);<br />
Hedemora pff., Nyhyttan, 60ol8N 16o00'E,<br />
sparse on old Fraxinus excelsior, 1999, J.<br />
Hermansson (herb. Hermansson); Jtirna pff.,<br />
Sndi mill, 60o32N 14o27'F,, abundant on<br />
Populus and Wmus south of the mansion,<br />
1998, J. Hermansson 8506 (UPS); Leksand<br />
ptr., Leksand church, 60o45N 15o00'E, abundant<br />
on Tilia cordata at the church-yard,<br />
1999, J. Hermansson (herb. Hemansson);<br />
Nonbiirk€ pil., by the STORA offrce building,<br />
60o10N 15o25'E, or solitary Ulmus<br />
glabra in pasture, 1998, J. Hermansson (herb.<br />
Hemansson); Silvberg par., Griingshammar by<br />
the church, 6021N 15o30'E, sparse on Quercus<br />
robur, 1999, J. Hermansson (herb.<br />
Hemansson). Lule Lappmarfr: Jokkmokk por.,<br />
NW of Aspberg€t, 3,5 km SW Kf,ikul,<br />
66"20N 20o33'E, oD Populus tremula in<br />
mixed forest, 1999, P. Johansson I l2 (UPS).<br />
Discussion<br />
The records of Eopyrenula septemseptata<br />
indicate a wider global distribution than was<br />
hitherto known. The records from Gotland<br />
also indicate that it is well distributed across<br />
the island (Figure I ). In Nonvay and Scotland<br />
it has been found on young Populus tremula<br />
and on both young and old stems of Corylus<br />
(Coppins et al. 1992). On Gotland it was<br />
found on both young and old stems of Frav<br />
inus. The conclusion from these records is that<br />
E. septemseptata is an early species in lichen<br />
succession on trees, most abundant in midsuccessional<br />
stages. On older stems it is confined<br />
to smoother bark between bark crevices.<br />
The ecology of E. leucoplaca is similar to<br />
that of E. septemseptata. Several of our<br />
records on younger trees, especially on<br />
Populus tremula, indicate that its dispersal<br />
capacity is good, at least across short distances.<br />
On young P. tremula it was found<br />
together with few other lichens and only trivial<br />
species such us Lecidella elaeochroma and<br />
Phlyctis argena (compare with E. septemseptata<br />
in Coppins et al. 1992).
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
E. leucoplaca is treated as Vulnerable in<br />
the Swedish Red List (Gtirdenfors 2000, Thor<br />
& Arvidsson 1999). During an investigation<br />
in 1990- 1995 it was refound on only one of<br />
eight old localities (Thor 1996). However, the<br />
new records since 1997 indicate that E. leucoplaca<br />
is hitherto overlooked in Sweden. The<br />
most interesting records in this aspect are<br />
those on Populus tremula. They indicate a<br />
wide potential distribution in Sweden. There<br />
are still relatively few localities known<br />
though, and E. leucoplaca seems to be most<br />
abundant in areas with a continuity of deciduous<br />
trees and together with other red-listed<br />
lichens. Therefore it is still relevant to treat E<br />
leucoplaca as a threatened and rare species.<br />
Future investigation will tell if E leucoplaca<br />
is a successful colonist, and by that increase<br />
its range.<br />
Acknowledgements<br />
We wish to express our gratitude to Brian<br />
Coppins who has been patient in looking at<br />
material and to Goran Thor for his comments<br />
on the manuscript. Thomas Johansson has<br />
kindly provided information about his record<br />
of E. leucoplaca from Sridermanland. Part of<br />
the work has been done during a survey of<br />
deciduous forest on Gotland financed by<br />
Eopyrenula 23<br />
World Wildlife Fund WWF and the National<br />
Agency of Nature conseryation.<br />
References<br />
Coppins, B. J., James, P. W. & Hawksworth,<br />
D. 1992: New species and combinations<br />
in the lichen flora of Great Britain and<br />
Ireland. Lichenologist 24: 35 l-369.<br />
Coppins, B. J. 1992: Eopyrenula. In: Purvis,<br />
O.W., Coppins,8.J., Hawksworth, D. L.,<br />
James, P. J. & Moore, D. M. (eds): The<br />
lichen flora of Great Britain and lreland.<br />
Natural History Publications/The British<br />
Lichen Society, London.<br />
Gtirdenfors, U. (red.) 2000: Rddlistade arter i<br />
Sverige 2000 The 2000 Red List of<br />
Swedish Species. ArtDatabanken, SLU,<br />
Uppsala.<br />
Johansson, P. & Croneborg, H. 1997:<br />
L0vmarksinventering pn Gotland. Rindi<br />
I 7: 28-33.<br />
Thor, G. 1996: The biology and distribution<br />
of three red-listed lichens in Sweden.<br />
Symb. Bot. Ups. 3l (3): 355-363.<br />
Thor, G. & Arvidsson, L. (eds) 1999:<br />
Rddlistade lavar i Sverige Artfakta.<br />
[Swedish Red Data Book of Lichens].<br />
ArtDatabanken, SLU, Uppsala.
A contribution to the lichen flora of West Jutland, Denmark<br />
ANDRE APTROOT<br />
Aptroot, A. 2001: A contribution to the lichen flora of West Jutland,<br />
Denmark. Graphis Scripta 12: 24-28. Stockholm. ISSN 090l-7593.<br />
Some localities with trees, megalithic monuments, churches and inland dunes<br />
in West Jutland were investigated for their lichen flora. The lichen flora was<br />
found to be surprisingly similar to that of the Netherlands. The following<br />
species have apparently not been reported from Denmark: Agonimia globulifere,<br />
Caloplaca ntderum, Cladonia borealis, C. callosa (*asilissima), C.<br />
neglecta, Dirina stenhammarii, Gyalideopsis anastomosans, Lecanora<br />
aitema and Micarea leprosula. Some other species, viz. Aspicilia verrucigerA,<br />
Lecanora cenisia and Lecidea promixta have not been reported<br />
recently; Parmelia submontana was only once reported from Denmark but<br />
seenu to be spreadiilg, as is Xanthoparmelia mougeotii.<br />
Andrd Aptroot, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, P.O. Box 85167,<br />
NL-3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands.<br />
Living as a lichenologist in the Netherlands,<br />
which is totally devoid of natural rock<br />
outcroppings, one becomes used to investigating<br />
artificial substrates such as megalithic<br />
monuments and churches. While visiting West<br />
Jutland in 2000, some local monuments were<br />
visited, as well as some trees and a coastal and<br />
an inland dune area. Surprisingly, the lichen<br />
flora was very similar indeed to that of the<br />
Netherlands, and no species were found that<br />
does not appear on the Dutch checklist<br />
(Aptroot et al. 1999). As the records include<br />
some species that have apparently not been<br />
reported from Denmark in the checklist<br />
(Alstrup & Sochting 1989) or subsequent<br />
issues of Graphis Scripta, some details of the<br />
observations are given below. Since the publication<br />
of the checklist, only one additional<br />
report (Alstrup et al. 1992) has been published<br />
about the lichen flora of West Jutland.<br />
Material and methods<br />
Material of most species mentioned below has<br />
been preserved in the herbarium of the author<br />
(ABL). Authors names are only given for<br />
those species not mentioned in Santesson<br />
(r ee3).<br />
Churches<br />
All investigated churches in West Jutland<br />
have been built mainly from granite. They are<br />
relatively old, of a Roman Frisian style, but<br />
usually largely platered or white-painted. The<br />
number of lichen species growing on the<br />
churches is therefore low. As an example<br />
serves the Horne church near Varde (see<br />
below). From this locality, the following species,<br />
which are constant constituents of the<br />
lichen flora on churches in the British Isles,<br />
the Netherlands and N. Germany, have not<br />
previously been reported from Denmark:<br />
Caloplaca ntdentm and Dirina stenhammarii.
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
Horne church near Varde (8 August 2000)<br />
Buellia aethalea<br />
Buellia alboatra<br />
Caloplaca citrina<br />
C. ruderum (Malbr.) Laundon<br />
C. saxicola<br />
Candelariella aurella<br />
C. vitellina<br />
Dirina stenhammarii (Fr. ex Stenh.) Poelt ex<br />
Follm.<br />
Haematomma ochroleucum (both chemical<br />
strains)<br />
Lecania rabenhorstii<br />
Lecanora albescens<br />
L. campestris (with Vouauxiella lichenicola)<br />
L. dispersa<br />
L. expallens<br />
L. hagenii<br />
L. polytropa<br />
L. rupicola<br />
Physcia caesia<br />
Rinodina gennarii<br />
S c o I i c i o sp o rum umb rinum<br />
Tephromela atra<br />
Xanthoria parietina<br />
Megalithic monuments<br />
The megalithic monuments in Jutland mostly<br />
date back to the neolithicum and are comparable<br />
to those in N. Germany and the Netherlands,<br />
and to some extent with those in W.<br />
France and the British Isles. The lichen flora<br />
is often somewhat neglected for practical<br />
reasons (collecting is virtually impossible but<br />
often desirable for crustose soricolous<br />
lichens). An exception to this is the situation<br />
in the Netherlands, where the lichens on<br />
megalithic monuments are routinely monitored<br />
(van den Boom et al. 1996), by lack of<br />
natural rock outcroppings. Several monuments<br />
in Jutland were visited, but only incomplete<br />
species lists could be made. No unexpected<br />
taxa were found, but the flora is generally<br />
well-developed. However, it is still in the<br />
original state, with only acidophytic species<br />
being present. They are all species that usually<br />
grow saxicolous, whereas on the Dutch mega-<br />
Lichens of West Jutland 25<br />
lithic monuments increasingly nitrophytes and<br />
epiphytes are found.<br />
Skjern, Dejbjerg Hede, erratic blocks ( I I<br />
August 2000)<br />
Lecidea promixta<br />
Micarea erratica<br />
Rhizocarpon reductun Th. Fr.<br />
Trapelia coarcata<br />
T. obtegens<br />
Baekke, Klebaekke Haje, megalithic monument<br />
(l I August 2000)<br />
Acarospora fuscata<br />
Buellia aethalea<br />
C and el ari ell a vit ell in a<br />
Lecanora orosthea<br />
L. polytropa<br />
L. rupicola<br />
Lecidea fuscoatra<br />
L. Iithophila<br />
Lepraria incana<br />
Polysporina simplex<br />
Porpidia macrocarpa<br />
P. soredizodes<br />
P. tuberculosa<br />
Psilolechia lucida<br />
Holsted, Fawskov, Ae Stuer Jyndovn, megalithic<br />
monument (6 August 2000)<br />
Acarospora fuscata<br />
Aspicilia verrucigera<br />
Buellia aethalea<br />
Candel ariel I a vit ell in a<br />
Fuscidea praeruptorum<br />
Lecanora orosthea<br />
L. polytropa<br />
L. rupicola<br />
Lecidea fuscoatra<br />
L. plana<br />
L. promixta<br />
Lepraria incana<br />
Melanelia disjuncta<br />
M. glabratula<br />
Neofuscelia loxodes<br />
N. verntculifera<br />
Parmelia saxatilis<br />
Polysporina simplex
26 Andrd Aptroot<br />
Porpidia macrocarpa<br />
P. soredizodes<br />
P. tuberculosa<br />
Psilolechia lucida<br />
Rhizocarpon lecanorinum<br />
R. reductum Th. Fr.<br />
Scolicio sp otam umbrinum<br />
Stereocaulon evolutum<br />
Trapelia involuta<br />
T. placodioides<br />
Umbil icari a p olyp hyll a<br />
Xant hop armel i a cons p ers a<br />
Umbilicaria polyphylla<br />
Xanthop armelia consp ers a<br />
X. mougeotii<br />
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
Ansager, Ansager Plantage, heathland with<br />
Pine forest and boulders (10 August 2000)<br />
Acarospora fuscata<br />
Cetraria aculeata<br />
C. muricata<br />
Cladonia certticornis ssp. pulvinata<br />
Stereocaulon condensatum<br />
Trapelia involuta<br />
T. placodioides<br />
Holsted, Favrskov, Jyndovn og Tinghoj, Xanthoparmelia mougeotii<br />
megalithic monument (6 August 2000)<br />
Acarospora fuscata<br />
Aspicilia simo€nsis<br />
Baeomyces ntfus<br />
Buellia aethalea<br />
C and el ari ell a vit el I in a<br />
Fuscidea praeruptontm<br />
Lecanora cenisia<br />
L. orosthea<br />
L. polytropa<br />
L. rupicola<br />
Lecidea fuscoatra<br />
L. lithophila<br />
L. promixta<br />
Lepraria incana<br />
Melanelia glabratula<br />
Micarea lignaria<br />
Neofuscelia loxodes<br />
Parmelia saxatilis<br />
Placynthiella icmalea<br />
Polysporina simplex<br />
Porpidia macrocarpa<br />
P. soredizodes<br />
P. tuberculosa<br />
Psilolechia lucida<br />
Rhizo c arp on I ec ano rinum<br />
R. reductum Th. Fr.<br />
Scoliciosporum umbrinum<br />
Stereocaulon evolutum<br />
Trapelia coarctata<br />
T. involuta<br />
T. obtegens<br />
T. placodioides<br />
Trap el iop s is p s eudo granul o s a<br />
Inland dunes<br />
Most of the inland dune areas in Jutland are<br />
covered by heathland or extensive pine plantations.<br />
One area, the Grene Sande south of Billund<br />
(visited 12 August 2000); is more open<br />
and still contains active dunes. The area was<br />
found to be relatively rich, containing most<br />
species growing in comparable environments<br />
in the Netherlands (and formerly also in N.<br />
Germany). As this environment is relatively<br />
rare, it merits close monitoring of the lichen<br />
flora, which on such nutrient-poor soils contains<br />
more species than the phanerogam flora.<br />
Among the species found, several were apparently<br />
not previously reported from Denmark:<br />
Cladonia borealis, C. callosa, C. neglecta,<br />
Lecanora aitema (Ach.) Hepp and Micarea<br />
leprosula. All except the Lecanora, which<br />
grows on Pinus twigs together with e.g.<br />
Lecanora conizaeoides, Usnea hirta and<br />
Buellia griseovirens, were found in close contact<br />
on relatively open, nearly flat parts of the<br />
dune system, with a high lichen diversity and<br />
cover. Cladonia neglecta is an overlooked cup<br />
lichen, details of which will be reported elsewhere.<br />
It is characteristic of acid soils, especially<br />
inland dunes, and is often found together<br />
with, e.g. C. borealis. Cladonia bellidiflora<br />
is increasingly rare in Denmark.<br />
The full list of terricolous species found in the<br />
Grene Sande<br />
Baeomyces ntfus
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
Cetraria aculeata<br />
C. islandica<br />
C. muricata<br />
Cladonia arbuscula<br />
C. bellidiflora<br />
C. borealis (TLC: barbatic and usnic acids)<br />
C. callosa Delise ex Harm. (=frasilissima;<br />
TLC: grayanic acid)<br />
C. cervicornis s. str.<br />
C. c. ssp. pulvinata<br />
C. chlorophaea<br />
C. crispata<br />
C. diversa<br />
C. furcata<br />
C. glauca<br />
C. gracilis<br />
C. macilenta s.str.<br />
C. m. ssp. floerkeana<br />
C. merochlorophaea<br />
C. neglecta (Floerke in Weber & Mohr)<br />
Sprengel<br />
C. ramulosa<br />
C. scabriuscula<br />
C. subulata<br />
C. uncialis<br />
C. zopfii<br />
Dibaeis baeomyces<br />
Micarea leprosula<br />
M. ligraria<br />
Peltigera rufescens<br />
Placynthiella icmalea<br />
P. oligotropha<br />
P. uliginosa<br />
St ereo c aul on cond ens atum<br />
Trapeliopsis granulosa<br />
Coastal dunes<br />
The lichen floras of coastal dunes, especially<br />
those on the Wadden Sea Islands, have repeatedly<br />
been studied before. A full (but sometimes<br />
overlooked) report on the lichen flora of<br />
all Danish, German and Dutch Wadden Sea<br />
Island is given by Brand & Ketner-Oostra<br />
(1983). Only one noticeable addition was<br />
recorded on sandy soil on the island Fano (9<br />
August 2000): the recently (Sdrusiaux et al.<br />
Lichens of West Jutland 27<br />
1999) described Agonimia globulifera Brand<br />
& Diederich.<br />
Trees<br />
Not much attention was paid to the epiphytic<br />
lichens, as they have been thoroughly investigated<br />
already. However, the following two<br />
species of interest were found on Sorbus at<br />
Bundsbaek Mslle near Skjern (7 August<br />
2000). Gyalideopsis anastomosans, which<br />
was apparently not previously reported from<br />
Denmark. Only once reported from Denmark<br />
(Christensen 1997) is Parmelia submontan*,<br />
present abundantly on these trees. This species<br />
seerns to be spreading in other regions as well,<br />
as is shown by recent records from Germany<br />
(Eifel), Luxembourg and the Netherlands.<br />
References<br />
Alstrup, V., Christensen, S. N., Nissen, M.,<br />
Svane, S. & Sschting, U. 1992: Notes on<br />
the lichen flora of Denmark V. Graphis<br />
Scripta 3: 127 -l 3 I .<br />
Alstrup, V. & Sochting, U. 1989: Checkliste<br />
og status over Danmarks laver. Nordisk<br />
Lichenologisk Forening, Kobenhavn.<br />
Aptroot, A., Herk, C. M. van, Spanius, L. B.<br />
& Boom, P. P. G. van den 1999: Checklist<br />
van de Nederlandse lichenen en lichenicole<br />
fungi. Btnbaumiella 50(l): l-64.<br />
Boom, P. P. G. van den, Aptroot, A. & Herk,<br />
C. M. van 1996: The lichen flora of megalithic<br />
monuments in the Netherlands.<br />
Nova Hedwigia 62: 9l - 104.<br />
Brand, A. M. & Ketner-Oostra, R. 1983:<br />
Lichens. In: Dijkema, K. S. & Wolfl W.<br />
J. (eds): Flora and vegetation of the Wadden<br />
Sea Islands and coastal areas.<br />
Stichting Veth tot Steun aan Waddenonderzoek,<br />
Leiden, pp. 73-84.<br />
Christensen, S. N. 1997: Parmelia submontana<br />
new to Denmark. Graphis Scripta 8: 6l -<br />
63.<br />
Santesson, R. 1993: The lichens an lichenicolous<br />
frngi of Sweden and Norway.<br />
SBT-frrlaget, Lund.
28 AndrdAptoot <strong>GRAPHIS</strong>SCRIPTAI2(2O00)<br />
Sdrusiaux, E., Diederich, P., Brand, A.M. & from Belgium and Luxembourg. VIII.<br />
Boor4 P. P. G. van den 1999: New or LejeuniaN. S. 162: l-95.<br />
interesting lichens and lichenicolous fungi
Nya lavfynd frfln Halland och Smiland i sydvlistra Sverige<br />
Onrax FRITZ<br />
Fritz, O. ZOOO: Nya lavffnd fren Halland och Smiland i sydviistra Sverige.<br />
[New finds of lichens from the provinces of Halland and Smiland, SW<br />
Sweden .) Graphis Scripta I2: 29-31. Stockholm. ISSN 090l-7593.<br />
Eleven species of lichens are reported as new to the province of Halland, SW<br />
Sweden: Acrocordia cavata, Bacidia delicata, B. friesiana, Fellhanera<br />
bouteillei, F. myrtillicola, F. subtilis, F. viridisorediata, Leptogium corniculatum,<br />
Ramalina baltica, Ramonia interjecta and Strangospora ochrophora.<br />
Most discoveries results from specific studies of lichens on Vaccinium myrtillus<br />
and Sambucus nigra. Thelopsis rubella is reported as new to the province<br />
of Smiland.<br />
Orjan Fritz, Lcinsstyrelsen Halland, S-301 86 Hatmstad, Sweden, E-mail:<br />
orjan.fritz@n.lst.se<br />
Fcir ett par fu sedan meddelade jag nigra<br />
nyheter i Hallands lavflora (Fritz 1998). HAr<br />
presenteras nyffnd upptiickta i Halland under<br />
aren 1998-2000. Ett ffnd frtu Smiland redovisas<br />
6ven. Flertalet av de nya ffnden i<br />
Halland iir resultat av riktade eftersOk av lavar<br />
pf, nigra fil lokaler med gammal fliider Sambucus<br />
nigra och blebar Vaccinium myrtillus.<br />
Resultatet av lavstudierna pf, blebar under<br />
september 2000 visar att i synnerhet Fellhanera<br />
subtilis men iiven F. bouteillei tidigare<br />
varit lorbisedda i ltinet, och aff de fdrefaller<br />
vara ttimligen vtil spridda pf, ltimpliga lokaler i<br />
itminstone den sddra delen av Halland.<br />
Nomenklaturen ftiljer huvudsakligen Santesson<br />
( 1993), med avsteg for Fellhanera myrtillicola<br />
(fr Arup & Ekman 1994) och F.<br />
viridisorediata fifr Ekman & Arup 2000) samt<br />
Ramonia interjecta (ifr Coppins, Thor &<br />
Nordin 1994). Inom parentes anges hotkategori<br />
ftir rddlistade arter enligt Giirdenfors<br />
(2000). Beltigg forvaras, med nigot undantag,<br />
tills vidare hos forfattaren. Efter artnamn foljer<br />
kommun, socken, lokal, 6rtal och substrat<br />
samt biotop.<br />
Halland<br />
Acrocordia cavata. Kungsbacka kn, FjAris sn,<br />
Tjol6holm, Slottsparken 1998. Pa alm<br />
Ulmus glabra i tidell0vskog. Conf. Ulf<br />
Arup. Fyndlokalen framgir av karta hos<br />
Thor & Arvidsson (1999).<br />
Bacidia delicata (EN). Halmstads kn, Ovraby<br />
str, Sperlingsholm, Skrikaredalen 1999.<br />
Fertila bilar pn flAder Sambucus nigra i<br />
sluttning med fldderbuskar. Conf. Stefan<br />
Ekman. Beltigg i Botaniskt Museum, Bergen.<br />
Dessutom funnen pf, ytterligare en<br />
lokal: Halmstads kn, Trdnninge Sr,<br />
Steglabacken 2000. Fertila bilar pfl fl?ider<br />
Sambucus nigra i barrplantering vid<br />
havet.<br />
Bacidia friesiana (EN). Halmstads kn, Ovraby<br />
sn, Sperlingsholm, Skrikaredalen 2000. Pe<br />
fltider Sambucus nigra i sluttning med<br />
fltiderbuskar. Rikt fertil. Conf. Ulf Arup.<br />
Fellhanera bouteillet (NT). Laholms kn,<br />
Kntired So, V om Husaltesjcin 2000. Pe<br />
gammalt blabiirsris Vaccinium myrtillus i<br />
gammal bokskog Fagus sylvatica med<br />
inslag av frtimst gran Picea abies och asp
30 O4an Fritz<br />
Populus tremula. Sparsamt med apothecier,<br />
men rikligt med pyknid. Dessutom<br />
sedd pn gterligare ffra lokaler i s6dra<br />
Halland under september 2000.<br />
F. myrtillicola. Laholms kn, Kniired sn, V om<br />
Husaltesjcin 2000. Pi gammalt blibiirsris<br />
Yaccinium myrtillus i gammal bokskog<br />
Fagus sylvatica med inslag av frtimst gran<br />
Picea abies och asp Populus tremula.<br />
Med sivtil apothecier som pyknid. Conf.<br />
Ulf Arup.<br />
F. subtilis. Latrolms kn, Kniired sr, V om<br />
Husaltesjrin 2000. Pi gammalt blflbtirsris<br />
Vaccinium myrtillus i gammal bokskog<br />
Fagus sylvatica med inslag av frtimst gran<br />
Picea abies och asp Populus tremula.<br />
Med sAviil apothecier som pyknid. Dessutom<br />
funnen pi ytterligare minst tio lokaler<br />
i sodra Halland under september 2000.<br />
F. viridisorediata. Hylte kn, Torup str, Mosilt<br />
2000. PA gammalt blibtirsris Vaccinium<br />
myrtillus vid grusviig med omgivande<br />
gammal banblandskog av gran Picea<br />
abies och tall Pinus rylvestris. Rikt fertil.<br />
Conf. Ulf Arup. Aven noterad i Halmstads<br />
kn, Enslcivs sil, Virsehatt naturreservat<br />
2000. Pi gammalt blibtirsris V. myrtillus i<br />
farbetad bjdrkhagsmark. Rikt fertil.<br />
Angavs nyligen som ny ftir Sverige<br />
(Ekman & Arup 2000).<br />
Leptogium corniculatum (NT). Kungsbacka<br />
kn, Fjares Sr, Tjoloholm, vid Jtigarens<br />
torp. Pe oversilad klipphAll i betesmark<br />
1998. Pi samma lokal och substrat forekom<br />
iiven L. magnussonii (NT), endast en<br />
gtuig tidigare funnen i landskapet (ifr<br />
Jorgensen 1994). Conf. Svante Hultengren<br />
(bAgge arterna). L. corniculatum har<br />
noterats tiven pf, loljande lokal: Halmstads<br />
kn, Tr6nninge sr, PAarp, Slyngestenen<br />
1998. Pe Oversilad klipphAll i havsniira<br />
betesmark. Fyndlokalernas ltige framgir<br />
av kartor hos Thor & Arvidsson (1999).<br />
Ramalina baltrca (NT). Halmstads kn, Ovraby<br />
sn, Sperlingsholms almall6 2000. Pe flera<br />
almar. Varken Lorentsson (1997) eller<br />
Thor & Arvidsson (1999) anger grnd av R.<br />
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
baltica eller av R. obtusata fren Halland.<br />
Conf. Per Johansson.<br />
Ramonia interjecta. Latrolms kn, Laholms sn,<br />
Mellbystrand 1998. Pe fldder Sambucus<br />
nigra nilra havet (leg. Svante Hultengren,<br />
herb. Hultengren). Dessutom funnen pn<br />
ytterligare en lokal: Halmstads kn, Ovraby<br />
sn, Sperlingsholm, Skrikaredalen 2000. pe<br />
fliider Sambucus nigra i sluttning med<br />
gamla fltiderbuskar.<br />
Strangospora ochrophora. Halmstads kn:<br />
Ovraby Sr, Slottsmrillan lggg. PA fliider<br />
Sambucas nigra i lOvskog vid in Nissan.<br />
Aven noterad pi ftiljande lokal: Halmstads<br />
kn, Ovraby Str, Sperlingsholm, Skrikaredalen<br />
2000. Pa flAd er Sambucus nigra i<br />
sluffning med fltiderbuskar.<br />
Smflland<br />
Thelopsis rubela (EN). Hylte kn, Lfuigaryds<br />
sn, Maris naturreservat 2000. Pi gammal<br />
bok Fagus sylvatica i gammal bokskog. I<br />
landskapet Halland ar nu totalt 50 lokaler<br />
ktinda. PA samma lokal och substrat iiven<br />
Thelopsis flaveola. Conf. Ulf Arup. T.<br />
flaveola har rapporterats frfln Smiland<br />
tidigare (ifr Gustavsson 1995).<br />
Tack<br />
Stort tack Ulf A*p, Stefan Ekman, Svante<br />
Hultengren och Per Johansson fiir kontroll av<br />
kollekt!<br />
Referenser<br />
Arup, U. & Ekman, S. 1994: Tre lavar i sliiktet<br />
Fellhanera pi bleb6r. Svensk Bot.<br />
Tidslv. 88: 33-41.<br />
Coppins, B. J., Thor, G. & Nordin, A. 1994:<br />
The genus Ramonia in Sweden. Graphis<br />
Scripta 6: 89-92.<br />
Ekman, S. & Arup, U. 2000: Notes on the<br />
lichen flora of southern Sweden III.<br />
Graphis Scripta I I: 4l-47 .<br />
Fritz, O. 1998: Nya och intressanta lavffnd<br />
fran sodra Sverige, s?irskilt Halland.<br />
Graphis Suipta 9: ll-14.
GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000)<br />
Gustavsson, H.-E. 1995: Lavfloran pi bok i<br />
Odegtirdet i vtistra Smiland. Svinsk Bot.<br />
Tidslv. 89:65-82.<br />
Gtirdenfors, U. (red.) 2000: R\dlistade arter i<br />
Sverige 2000 The 2000 Red List of<br />
Swedish Species. ArtDatabanken, SLU,<br />
Uppsala.<br />
Jorgensen, P. M. 1994: Further notes on<br />
European taxa of the lichen genus Leptogium,<br />
with emphasis on the small species.<br />
Lichenologist 26: l-29.<br />
Lavar frdn Halland 3l<br />
Lorentsson, S. 1997: Skillnader mellan<br />
Ramalina baltic4 hjrilmbrosklav, och R.<br />
obtusata, trubbig brosklav. Svensk Bot.<br />
Tidslv. 9l: 591-598.<br />
Santesson, R. 1993: The lichens and lichenicolous<br />
fungi of Sweden and Norway.<br />
SBT-frrlaget, Lund.<br />
Thor, G. & Arvidsson, L. (red.) 1999:<br />
Rddlistade lavar i Sverige Artfakta.<br />
ArtDatabanken, SLU, Uppsala.<br />
Klen- och senvuxna bokar hyser i Halland ofta en fdrbluffande infiessant lavflor4 t.ex. liten<br />
[dellav Catinaria laureri och violettgrd porlav Pertusaria multipuncta. Bokama pi bilden har<br />
antagligen utsatts ftlr betespAverkan eller skottskogsbruk som unga- Almeberget, Halland, maj<br />
2000. Foto: Orjan Fritz.<br />
On thin and late-grown beeches in the province of Halland many interesting lichens can be<br />
found, f. ex. Catinaria laureri and Pertusaria multipuncta. The beeches on the picture have been<br />
either browsed or coppiced when young. Almeberge! Halland, May 2000. photo: Orjan Fritz.
Instructions for authors<br />
Unpublished papers on all aspects of lichenology<br />
will be considered for publication in<br />
Graphis Scripta, but priority is given to those<br />
dealing with Nordic systematics and floristics.<br />
Manuscripts should be submitted as one<br />
original and one copy to the editor (Ingvar<br />
Ktirnefelt). Papers are published in English or<br />
in a Scandinavian language with a short<br />
English summary. All papers will be evaluated<br />
by referees.<br />
The manuscript should be type-written<br />
double-spaced with wide margins. As a guide<br />
to the layout recent issues should be consulted.<br />
When accepted for publication, the final<br />
version of the manuscript should, if possible,<br />
be accompanied with the text on diskette,<br />
preferably written in MS Word or WordPerfect<br />
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Use a minimum of formaffing codes; underline<br />
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The abstract should be in about 3-10 printed<br />
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description of the work.<br />
Figure originals should preferably be<br />
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Black/white line-drawings and a moderate<br />
number of half-tone photographs are free of<br />
charge; colour photographs can be included if<br />
the additional printing costs are paid for by<br />
the author.<br />
The nomenclature follows Santesson (1993)<br />
for papers on Nordic species, unless otherwise<br />
stated. Author names are normally given<br />
at the first mention of a species; abbreviations<br />
of author names follow Kirk & Ansell (1992).<br />
Titles of periodicals are abbreviated according<br />
to Botanico Periodicum Huntianum, and titles<br />
of books (in taxonomic treatments in the teit)<br />
according to Stafleu & Cowan, Taconomic<br />
literature, 2nd edition. Spellings of<br />
geographical names follow The Times Atlas of<br />
the l4torld.<br />
For the layout of references, follow these<br />
examples:<br />
Hansen, E. S., Poelt, J. & Sschting, U. 1987:<br />
Die Flechtengattung Caloplaca in Gronland.<br />
Meddel. Grsnland, Biosci. 25: l-52.<br />
Kirk, P. M. & Ansell, A. E. 1992: Authors of<br />
fungal names: A list of authors of scienttfic<br />
names of fungi, with recommended<br />
standard forms of their names, including<br />
abbreviations. C.A.B. International,<br />
Wallingford.<br />
Krog, H. l99l: Lichenological observations<br />
in low montane rainforests of eastern<br />
Tanzania. In: Galloway, D. J. (ed.),<br />
Tropical Lichens: Their systematics, conservation<br />
and ecologt. The Systematics<br />
Association Special Volume 43: 85-94.<br />
Santesson, R. 1993: The lichens and lichenicolous<br />
fungi of Sweden and Norway.<br />
SBT-frrlaget, Lund.<br />
Off-prints. Three copies of the journal are<br />
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Additional copies may be ordered at extra<br />
cost. Papers may be copied free of charge.
<strong>GRAPHIS</strong> <strong>ScnIPTA</strong><br />
Volyrn 12, hefte'1,, 2000<br />
Innehlll<br />
I On the identity of Ocellularia atlantica Erichs.<br />
P. M. Jorgensen<br />
3 The lichens on gneiss and diabase on Tiirn0, SE Sweden<br />
L. Frdberg<br />
9 Influence of air-drying and storage at - l 5 oC on cellular distributions of<br />
cations in Cladonia portentosa<br />
M. Hln cirinen and P. D. Crittenden<br />
12 Punctelia ulophylla new to Norway<br />
Yngvar Gauslaa<br />
l5 Moelleropsis nebulosa rediscovered in Sweden<br />
Stefan Ekman, Patrik Froddn and Martin lVestberg<br />
19 Eopyrenula septemseptata new to Sweden and notes on the occurrence of<br />
E. leucoplaca<br />
P. Johansson and J. Hermansson<br />
24 A contribution to the lichen flora of West Jutland, Denmark.<br />
Andrd Aptroot<br />
29 Nya lavffnd fran Halland och Smiland i sydvtistra Sverige<br />
[New finds of lichens from the provinces of Halland and Smiland, SW<br />
Sweden.l<br />
O4an Fritz