BEGONIACEAE 1. BEGONIA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1056. 1753.
BEGONIACEAE 1. BEGONIA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1056. 1753.
BEGONIACEAE 1. BEGONIA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1056. 1753.
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<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
秋 海 棠 科 qiu hai tang ke<br />
Gu Cuizhi ( 谷 粹 芝 Ku Tsue-chih) 1 , Ching-I Peng ( 彭 镜 毅 ) 2 , Nicholas J. Turland 3<br />
Perennial succulent herbs, very rarely subshrubs. Stem erect, frequently rhizomatous, or plants tuberous and either acaulescent<br />
or shortly stemmed, rarely lianoid or climbing with adventitious roots, or stoloniferous. Leaves simple, rarely palmately compound,<br />
alternate or all basal, petiolate, stipules usually deciduous; blade often oblique and asymmetric, rarely symmetric, margin irregularly<br />
serrate and divided, occasionally entire, venation usually palmate. Flowers unisexual, plants monoecious, rarely dioecious, (1 or)2–4<br />
to several, rarely numerous in dichotomous cyme, sometimes in panicles, with pedicel and bracts. Staminate flower: tepals 2 or 4 and<br />
decussate, usually outer ones larger, inner ones smaller; stamens usually numerous; filaments free or connate at base; anthers 2-<br />
celled, apical or lateral. Pistillate flower: tepals 2–5(–10), usually free, rarely connate at base; ovary nodding, pendulous, or<br />
ascending, 1–3-, rarely 4–8-loculed; placentae axile or parietal; styles 2 or 3(or more), free or fused at base, forked once or more;<br />
stigma turgid, spirally twisted-tortuous or U-shaped, capitate or reniform and setose-papillose. Capsule dry, sometimes berrylike,<br />
unequally or subequally 3-winged, rarely wingless and 3- or 4-horned; seeds very numerous, minute, oblong, testa pale brown,<br />
reticulate.<br />
Two or three genera and more than 1400 species: widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world; one genus and 173<br />
species (141 endemic) in China.<br />
Ku Tsuechih. 1999. Begoniaceae. In: Ku Tsuechih, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): 126–269.<br />
<strong>1.</strong> <strong>BEGONIA</strong> <strong>Linnaeus</strong>, <strong>Sp</strong>. <strong>Pl</strong>. 2: <strong>1056.</strong> <strong>1753.</strong><br />
秋 海 棠 属 qiu hai tang shu<br />
Perennial succulent herbs, rarely subshrubs. Stem erect, frequently rhizomatous, or plants tuberous and either acaulescent or<br />
shortly stemmed, rarely lianoid or climbing with adventitious roots, or stoloniferous. Leaves simple, rarely palmately compound,<br />
alternate or all basal; blade often oblique and asymmetric, rarely symmetric, margin often irregularly serrate and divided, occasionally<br />
entire, venation usually palmate; petiole long, weak; stipules membranous, usually deciduous. Flowers unisexual, plants<br />
monoecious, rarely dioecious, (1 or)2–4 to several, rarely numerous, in dichotomous cymes, sometimes in panicle, with pedicels and<br />
bracts. Staminate flower: tepals 2 or 4 and decussate, usually outer ones larger, inner ones smaller; stamens usually numerous;<br />
filaments free or connate at base; anthers 2-celled, apical or lateral; connectives extended at apex, sometimes apiculate. Pistillate<br />
flower: tepals 2–5(–10); pistil composed of 2–5(–7) carpels; ovary inferior, 1–3(–7)-loculed; placentae axile or parietal; styles 2 or<br />
3(or more), free or fused at base, forked once or more; stigma turgid, spirally twisted-tortuous or U-shaped, capitate or reniform,<br />
setose-papillose. Capsule dry, sometimes berrylike, unequally or subequally 3-winged, rarely wingless and 3- or 4-horned; seeds very<br />
numerous, pale brown, oblong, minute, testa reticulate.<br />
More than 1400 species: widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, with ca. 150 species in Africa, more than 600<br />
species in Central and South America, and more than 600 species in Asia; 173 species (141 endemic) in China.<br />
Begonia species in China are mostly distributed S of the Chang Jiang, particularly concentrated in SE Yunnan and SW Guangxi, with only a few<br />
extending into N China.<br />
The authors learned of two additional, recently described species as this volume was going to press. Begonia guaniana H. Ma & H. Z. Li (Ann.<br />
Bot. Fenn. 43: 466. 2006) was described from NE Yunnan (Yanjin), where it grows on moist cliffs under bamboo forest at ca. 500 m. Its chromosome<br />
number is 2n = 24*. It resembles B. labordei, especially in its tuberous, stemless habit. Begonia coelocentroides Y. M. Shui & Z. D. Wei (Acta<br />
Phytotax. Sin. 45: 86. 2007) was described from W Yunnan (Yingjiang), where it grows on cliffs often in forests or near streams at ca. 1300 m,<br />
flowering in August and fruiting in October. It resembles B. oreodoxa in having parietal placentae at the upper part of the ovary, differing mainly in the<br />
female flowers with 5 tepals and the largest wing of the capsule being 20–22 mm and ligulate.<br />
The records of Begonia balansana Gagnepain from Guangxi and Yunnan in FRPS (52(1): 212. 1999) are possibly errors and require confirmation.<br />
The second author has seen no specimens from China that would substantiate these records. This species is believed to be endemic to N Vietnam.<br />
See also Tebbitt (Edinburgh J. Bot. 60: 1–9. 2003).<br />
It can be difficult to key out the sections of Begonia, because sectional distinctions rely heavily on the placentation structure, which is either<br />
unavailable on specimens or difficult to analyse (many Begonia specimens are poorly prepared). Information on sections to which Begonia species<br />
belong may be desirable to specialists, although it should be noted that there are disagreements about the placement of some species. <strong>Pl</strong>ease refer to Y.<br />
M. Shui, C.-I Peng & C. Y. Wu, Synopsis of the Chinese species of Begonia (Begoniaceae), with a reappraisal of the sectional delimitation (Bot. Bull.<br />
Acad. Sin. 43: 313–327. 2002).<br />
1 Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, People’s Republic of China.<br />
2 Herbarium (HAST), Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei, 115.<br />
3 Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, Saint Louis, Missouri 63166–0299, U.S.A.<br />
Extensive contributions were received from Wai-Chao Leong ( 梁 慧 舟 ) and Shin-Ming Ku ( 古 訓 銘 ), Herbarium (HAST), Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia<br />
Sinica, Nangang, Taipei, 115.<br />
153
154<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
In China, all species are perennial herbs (rarely subshrubs). All species with basal tubers are described as deciduous, although living material is<br />
not available for all tuberous species. The aerial parts of the plants wilt in winter or in the dry season. Most species are monoecious with cymose,<br />
dichasial inflorescences. The inflorescences are usually protandrous (staminate flowers open before pistillate flowers) and gynaeandrous (staminate<br />
flowers basal and pistillate flowers distal).<br />
Keys to species<br />
1a. Leaf peltate .................................................................................................................................................................................. Key 1<br />
1b. Leaf not peltate.<br />
2a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant deciduous, tuberous (if rhizomatous, rhizomes moniliform).<br />
3a. Leaf mainly on elongate aerial stem or creeping moniliform rhizome ............................................................................... Key 2<br />
3b. Leaf solitary, binary or several and fasciculate on tuber or on a very short stem, occasionally with 1(or 2) distinct<br />
cauline leaves ........................................................................................................................................................................ Key 3<br />
2b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant evergreen, not tuberous.<br />
4a. Fruit fleshy, berrylike, indehiscent, wingless, sometimes horned or ridged ....................................................................... Key 4<br />
4b. Fruit capsular, dehiscent, 3-winged.<br />
5a. Leaf compound or deeply lobed ........................................................................................................................................ Key 5<br />
5b. Leaf unlobed to shallowly lobed (divided to no more than 1/3 of leaf length).<br />
6a. Leaf blade at least 2 × as long as wide .......................................................................................................................... Key 6<br />
6b. Leaf blade less than 2 × as long as wide.<br />
7a. Leaves mainly on aerial stem at anthesis (on rhizomes when sterile) ....................................................................... Key 7<br />
7b. Leaves on well-developed rhizome or prostrate stem, cauline leaves lacking or 1 or 2(or 3).<br />
8a. Female tepals 3, rarely 2 or 4; middle cross-section of ovary with parietal or septal placentation ....................... Key 8<br />
8b. Female tepals 5, rarely 6 or more; middle cross-section of ovary with axile placentation<br />
(placentae parietal in B. pseudodryadis) ................................................................................................................. Key 9<br />
Key 1<br />
1a. Stem aerial, elongate, erect or ascending to pendulous, somewhat woody in appearance; leaves all cauline;<br />
blade lanceolate ................................................................................................................................................ 147. B. sinofloribunda<br />
1b. Stem rhizomatous or tuberous; leaves on rhizome or fasciculate, occasionally 1 and cauline; blade<br />
narrowly ovate to broadly ovate, broadly elliptic, or orbicular.<br />
2a. Leaf distinctly denticulate or serrulate.<br />
3a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant deciduous, tuberous; leaf solitary, shallowly lobed; inflorescence racemose at base, cymose<br />
above; placentae axile ............................................................................................................................................. 75. B. josephii<br />
3b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant evergreen, rhizomatous; leaves several, not divided; inflorescence dichotomous, cymose;<br />
placentae parietal.<br />
4a. Leaf blade densely hairy.<br />
5a. Leaf blade occasionally not peltate, without angular lobes; staminate tepals 4 ......................................... 16<strong>1.</strong> B. variifolia<br />
5b. Leaf blade consistently peltate, with 2- or 3-angular lobes; staminate tepals 2 or 4 ............................. 7. B. asteropyrifolia<br />
4b. Leaf blade sparsely to moderately hairy.<br />
6a. Leaf venation spider-web like, tertiary veins percurrent, protruding on abaxial surface .................. 160. B. umbraculifolia<br />
6b. Leaf venation not as above, smaller veins randomly reticulate, fine, not protruding on abaxial<br />
surface ................................................................................................................................................ 144. B. setulosopeltata<br />
2b. Leaf blade entire or nearly so.<br />
7a. Fruit descending or deflexed, indehiscent, berrylike, clavate, wingless ............................................................ 34. B. cylindrica<br />
7b. Fruit nodding, dehiscent, capsular, 3-winged.<br />
8a. Leaf blade broadly ovate to orbicular; abaxial wing of capsule triangular.<br />
9a. Leaf blade glabrous, smooth, without white dots, thick, succulent; placentae axile ............................... 116. B. peltatifolia<br />
9b. Leaf blade hispidulous, rugulose, with numerous white dots, papery; placentae parietal ................ 144. B. setulosopeltata<br />
8b. Leaf blade narrowly ovate, ovate, or broadly elliptic; abaxial wing of capsules lunate.<br />
10a. Leaf blade abaxially red; tepals apically acute, both male and female tepals 2 ........................................... 164. B. wangii<br />
10b. Leaf blade abaxially pale green; tepals apically obtuse, male tepals 4, female tepals 3.<br />
11a. Leaf blade ovate or broadly elliptic; stipules reniform, apex emarginate or obtuse; petiole not<br />
swollen at base ........................................................................................................................................ 18. B. cavaleriei<br />
11b. Leaf blade narrowly ovate; stipules triangular, apex acuminate or cuspidate; petiole swollen<br />
at base .................................................................................................................................................. 127. B. pulvinifera<br />
Key 2<br />
1a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant rhizomatous; capsules nodding; ovary 2-loculed.<br />
2a. Leaf blade glabrous or subglabrous; female tepals 3(or 4), glabrous ...................................................... 1<strong>1.</strong> B. austrotaiwanensis<br />
2b. Leaf blade pubescent; female tepals 5, pubescent ..................................................................................................... 55. B. forrestii
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 155<br />
1b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant tuberous; capsules pendulous; ovary 3-loculed.<br />
3a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant with many elongated stolons terminated by tubers ......................................................................................... 129. B. ravenii<br />
3b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant without stolons; bulbils on aerial stem present or not.<br />
4a. Herb usually 20–60 cm tall.<br />
5a. Leaf blade narrowly triangular; bulbils absent; inflorescence protogynous; male flowers only on<br />
upper part of terminal inflorescence ......................................................................................................... 10<strong>1.</strong> B. modestiflora<br />
5b. Leaf blade ovate to broadly ovate; bulbils at leaf axils on aerial stem in late growing season;<br />
inflorescence protandrous; flowers of both sexes mixed in inflorescence ......................................................... 58. B. grandis<br />
4b. Herb to 20 cm tall.<br />
6a. Leaves 1 or 2 ............................................................................................................................................... 57. B. glechomifolia<br />
6b. Leaves many.<br />
7a. Leaf blade 7–8 × ca. 6 cm; flowers larger, tepals ca. 8 mm ..................................................................... 19. B. cehengensis<br />
7b. Leaf blade 1–2.9 × 0.9–3.2 cm; flowers smaller, tepals to 4 mm ........................................................................ 115. B. peii<br />
Key 3<br />
1a. Leaf blade divided to more than 1/2 of leaf length.<br />
2a. Leaf blade distinctly hairy.<br />
3a. Leaf lobes with lobules ........................................................................................................................................ 156. B. taliensis<br />
3b. Leaf lobes without lobules ....................................................................................................................................... 73. B. imitans<br />
2b. Leaf blade glabrous or nearly so.<br />
4a. Petiole with red, linear dots; leaf lobes with lobules ................................................................................. 140. B. rubropunctata<br />
4b. Petiole without red, linear dots; leaf lobules absent.<br />
5a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant epiphytic; placentae bifid ............................................................................................................................ 5. B. arboreta<br />
5b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant epipetric; placentae undivided ................................................................................................................ 84. B. lithophila<br />
1b. Leaf blade unlobed to shallowly lobed, never divided to 1/2 of leaf length.<br />
6a. Leaf blade glabrous.<br />
7a. Capsules wingless, fusiform; placentae undivided .............................................................................................. 166. B. wilsonii<br />
7b. Capsules 3-winged; placentae bifid.<br />
8a. Both male and female tepals 2.<br />
9a. Leaf blade herbaceous, shallowly lobed, lobes narrowly triangular ........................................................ 170. B. xishuiensis<br />
9b. Leaf blade thick, unlobed ..................................................................................................................... 153. B. summoglabra<br />
8b. Male tepals 4.<br />
10a. Female tepals 3 or 4 ...................................................................................................................................... 76. B. labordei<br />
10b. Female tepals 2 ................................................................................................................................. 136. B. rongjiangensis<br />
6b. Leaf blade pubescent.<br />
11a. Leaf blade shallowly lobed (to 1/3 of leaf length).<br />
12a. Leaves several ........................................................................................................................................... 60. B. guishanensis<br />
12b. Leaves 1 or 2 ................................................................................................................................................ 104. B. muliensis<br />
11b. Leaf blade unlobed or very shallowly lobed.<br />
13a. Female tepals 4; capsule irregularly dehiscent, wings subequal ...................................................................... 42. B. discreta<br />
13b. Female tepals 2, 3, or 5; capsule dehiscent along sutures, wings distinctly unequal (sometimes<br />
subequal).<br />
14a. Female flower with 2 bracteoles ......................................................................................................................... 172. B. yui<br />
14b. Female flower without bracteoles.<br />
15a. Bracts serrate at apex .................................................................................................................. 38. B. dentatobracteata<br />
15b. Bracts entire to denticulate or fimbriate.<br />
16a. Female tepals 2.<br />
17a. <strong>Pl</strong>acentae bifid .............................................................................................................................. 169. B. xingyiensis<br />
17b. <strong>Pl</strong>acentae undivided ............................................................................................................................... 68. B. henryi<br />
16b. Female tepals 3–5.<br />
18a. Female tepals 3 (sometimes 4 in B. labordei).<br />
19a. Inflorescence a single axis, racemose at base ................................................................................. 76. B. labordei<br />
19b. Inflorescence dichasial or simple with 2 or 3 flowers.<br />
20a. Outer tepals and ovary pubescent ................................................................................................... 2<strong>1.</strong> B. chingii<br />
20b. Outer tepals and ovary glabrous ........................................................................................... 5<strong>1.</strong> B. fimbristipula<br />
18b. Female tepals 5.<br />
21a. Leaf blade 2–3.4(–4) cm; placentae undivided ............................................................................. 112. B. parvula<br />
21b. Leaf blade larger; placentae bifid.<br />
22a. Staminate tepals apically acute .................................................................................................. 2. B. acutitepala
156<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
22b. Staminate tepals apically rounded or obtuse.<br />
23a. Leaf blade 5–8(–15) cm; ovary hairy ........................................................................................... 117. B. picta<br />
23b. Leaf blade 15–20(–30) cm; ovary glabrous ........................................................................... 6. B. asperifolia<br />
Key 4<br />
1a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant erect, without creeping rhizome; internodes long.<br />
2a. Stem scarcely branched; leaf blade less than 2 × as long as wide .................................................................... 79. B. lancangensis<br />
2b. Stem well branched; leaf blade at least 2 × as long as wide.<br />
3a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant dioecious; flowers fragrant; styles 4; ovary 4-loculed; female tepals 4 ..................................................... <strong>1.</strong> B. acetosella<br />
3b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant monoecious; flowers not fragrant; styles 3; ovary 3-loculed; female tepals 6 .......................................... 89. B. longifolia<br />
1b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant rhizomatous, without erect stem; internodes congested.<br />
4a. Flowers not scented; female tepals 3; fruit ellipsoid to cylindric, more than 2 × as long as wide.<br />
5a. Leaf blade villous on abaxial surface and on petiole (sometimes nearly glabrous) ............................................... 8<strong>1.</strong> B. leprosa<br />
5b. Leaf blade densely puberulous on abaxial surface and on petiole .................................................................... 88. B. longicarpa<br />
4b. Flowers scented; female tepals 4 or 5; fruit nearly as long as wide.<br />
6a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant monoecious; female tepals 5; styles 3; ovary 3-loculed; fruit 3-horned ............................................... 20. B. ceratocarpa<br />
6b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant dioecious; female tepals 4; styles 4; ovary 4-loculed (to many loculed); fruit subglobose or<br />
4-horned (to many horned).<br />
7a. Rhizomes elongate-ascending, rarely rooting at nodes; leaf blade narrowly triangular to ovate,<br />
15–28 × 9–10 cm, tepals glabrous (pubescent in B. handelii var. rubropilosa) ................................................ 64. B. handelii<br />
7b. Rhizomes repent, rooting at nodes; leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate, (11–)13–53 × 11–40 cm;<br />
outer tepals abaxially puberulous ................................................................................................................... 146. B. silletensis<br />
Key 5<br />
1a. Leaf compound or cleft to base.<br />
2a. Leaves palmately 3-cleft to base, lobules pinnately parted, petiolule absent ..................................................... 28. B. coptidifolia<br />
2b. Leaves palmately compound, leaflet 5–9 with distinct petiolule.<br />
3a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant rhizomatous, rhizomes elongate, aerial stems lacking; leaves subleathery, all basal; female tepals 3;<br />
placentae parietal ....................................................................................................................................................... 47. B. fangii<br />
3b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant erect, rhizomes very short, aerial stems always present; leaves papery, all cauline; female tepals 5;<br />
placentae axile ................................................................................................................................................... 67. B. hemsleyana<br />
1b. Leaf simple, distinctly lobed.<br />
4a. Leaf blade distinctly hairy.<br />
5a. Aerial stems present and with leaves.<br />
6a. Petioles with reflexed scalelike hairs .................................................................................................. 130. B. reflexisquamosa<br />
6b. Petioles not as above.<br />
7a. Stipules reniform, expanded ..................................................................................................................... 99. B. mengtzeana<br />
7b. Stipules triangular, not expanded ................................................................................................................... 12. B. baviensis<br />
5b. Aerial stems seen only at anthesis; cauline leaf usually absent, occasionally <strong>1.</strong><br />
8a. Leaf blade and ovary pubescent.<br />
9a. Petioles with reflexed scalelike hairs ............................................................................................................ 100. B. miranda<br />
9b. Petioles not as above ............................................................................................................................... 113. B. paucilobata<br />
8b. Leaf blade sparsely pubescent; ovary glabrous.<br />
10a. Leaf lobes rhombic ....................................................................................................................................... 77. B. lacerata<br />
10b. Leaf lobes triangular.<br />
11a. Outer tepals of male flowers <strong>1.</strong>7–2 cm ........................................................................................................ 40. B. digyna<br />
11b. Outer tepals of male flowers 2–2.7 cm ................................................................................................. 83. B. lipingensis<br />
4b. Leaf blade glabrous to sparsely hairy.<br />
12a. Leaf blade divided to ca. 1/2 of leaf length.<br />
13a. Leaf lobes with lobules .......................................................................................................................................... 3. B. algaia<br />
13b. Leaf lobes not as above.<br />
14a. Leaf blade 3- or 4-lobed ....................................................................................................................... 32. B. cucurbitifolia<br />
14b. Leaf blade 5-lobed ................................................................................................................................ 113. B. paucilobata<br />
12b. Leaf blade divided to 2/3 or more of leaf length.<br />
15a. Aerial stem well developed; cauline leaf always present.<br />
16a. Leaf blade without lobules, subglabrous ............................................................................................... 145. B. sikkimensis<br />
16b. Leaf blade with triangular lobules, glabrous.<br />
17a. Stem and petioles without red linear dots; abaxial wing of capsule ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm .................................. 94. B. macrotoma<br />
17b. Stem and petioles with red linear dots; abaxial wing of capsule 3–5 cm ............................................. 87. B. longialata
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 157<br />
15b. Aerial stem seen only at anthesis; cauline leaf absent or occasionally <strong>1.</strong><br />
18a. Leaf blade with distinct, triangular lobules ............................................................................................. 114. B. pedatifida<br />
18b. Leaf blade without lobules.<br />
19a. Leaf blade deeply divided to near base, lobes very narrow, less than 1 cm wide ................................. 14<strong>1.</strong> B. scitifolia<br />
19b. Leaf blade not as above.<br />
20a. Abaxial wing of capsule triangular to ligulate; leaf blade dull, herbaceous ................................. 25. B. circumlobata<br />
20b. Abaxial wing of capsule broadly elliptic to orbicular; leaf blade shiny, somewhat thicker ............ 78. B. laminariae<br />
Key 6<br />
1a. Leaf blade symmetric, venation pinnate .......................................................................................................... 17<strong>1.</strong> B. yingjiangensis<br />
1b. Leaf blade somewhat asymmetric, venation palmate-pinnate.<br />
2a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant trailing with slender stems; capsules equally 3-winged, female inflorescences axillary, peduncle<br />
reduced, less than 1 cm, 1- or 2-flowered; male inflorescence terminal, producing many flowers .................. 63. B. hainanensis<br />
2b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant not trailing; capsules unequally 3-winged; peduncle elongate; flowers of both sexes mixed in same<br />
inflorescence.<br />
3a. Aerial stem branched twice or more.<br />
4a. Leaf blade irregularly serrulate; styles 3; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed .......................................................... 155. B. taiwaniana<br />
4b. Leaf blade remotely serrulate.<br />
5a. Tepals glabrous; styles 2; ovary glabrous, 2-loculed ...................................................................................... 65. B. hatacoa<br />
5b. Tepals hairy; styles 3; ovary hairy, 3-loculed ..................................................................................... 29. B. coptidimontana<br />
3b. Aerial stem unbranched or scarcely branched.<br />
6a. Rhizomatous leaves always present.<br />
7a. Leaf blade remarkably asymmetric ........................................................................................................ 154. B. ×taipeiensis<br />
7b. Leaf blade slightly asymmetric.<br />
8a. Leaves 6–6.5 × <strong>1.</strong>9–3 cm, only on rhizome; filaments free; styles entirely fused .................................... 159. B. tsoongii<br />
8b. Leaves 7–13.6 × 2.3–4.5 cm, on rhizome and aerial stem; filaments entirely fused; styles free ..... 69. B. hongkongensis<br />
6b. Rhizomatous leaf absent at anthesis.<br />
9a. Leaf blade very shallowly lobed, bidentate .......................................................................................... 62. B. gungshanensis<br />
9b. Leaf unlobed or nearly so, irregularly serrulate or denticulate.<br />
10a. Leaf blade distinctly hairy ................................................................................................................. 16. B. ×buimontana<br />
10b. Leaf blade glabrous to sparsely hairy.<br />
11a. Leaves abaxially sanguineous; anthers <strong>1.</strong>9–2.2 mm .............................................................................. 9<strong>1.</strong> B. lukuana<br />
11b. Leaves green; anthers 2.4–3.2 mm.<br />
12a. Styles 3; ovary 3-loculed; anthers 2.9–3.2 mm .................................................................... 24. B. chuyunshanensis<br />
12b. Styles 2; ovary 2-loculed; anthers 2.4–2.9 mm ............................................................................... 167. B. wutaiana<br />
Key 7<br />
1a. Leaf blade shallowly lobed (divided to ca. 1/3 of leaf length); lobes nearly as long as wide or distinctly<br />
longer than wide.<br />
2a. Leaf blade with hairs longer than 2 mm.<br />
3a. Rhizomes short, stout; abaxial wing of mature capsules broadly elliptic to orbicular, 2–3 cm ......................... 163. B. villifolia<br />
3b. Rhizomes well developed; abaxial wing of mature capsules triangular to ligulate, to <strong>1.</strong>8 cm.<br />
4a. Leaves purple, with purplish, somewhat soft hairs ................................................................................. 128. B. purpureofolia<br />
4b. Leaves green, with red stiff hairs ...................................................................................................................... 12. B. baviensis<br />
2b. Leaf blade with hairs to 1 mm at most.<br />
5a. Leaf blade abaxially hirsute; styles 3; ovary 3-loculed ................................................................................... 95. B. malipoensis<br />
5b. Leaf blade not hirsute; styles 2; ovary 2-loculed.<br />
6a. Leaves villous or tomentose on petiole and abaxial surface; ovary hairy.<br />
7a. Leaves villous on petiole and abaxial surface ............................................................................................ 149. B. smithiana<br />
7b. Leaves appressed tomentose on petiole and abaxial surface.<br />
8a. Tepals yellowish ......................................................................................................................................... 52. B. flaviflora<br />
8b. Tepals white to pink ................................................................................................................................... 11<strong>1.</strong> B. palmata<br />
6b. Leaves neither villous nor tomentose; ovary glabrous.<br />
9a. Leaf blade adaxially glabrous or subglabrous, not puberulous .................................................................. 54. B. formosana<br />
9b. Leaf blade puberulous.<br />
10a. Leaves rugulose, lobes truncate ........................................................................................................ 158. B. truncatiloba<br />
10b. Leaves not rugulose, lobes triangular ........................................................................................................... 45. B. edulis<br />
1b. Leaf blade unlobed or very shallowly divided; lobes usually wider than long.<br />
11a. Leaf blade symmetric or nearly so; tepals pink to brownish red ..................................................................... 126. B. psilophylla
158<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
11b. Leaf blade distinctly asymmetric; tepals white to pink.<br />
12a. Leaf blade thin, membranous when dried; styles 3; ovary 3-loculed.<br />
13a. Inflorescences both terminal and axillary ............................................................................................... 72. B. hymenocarpa<br />
13b. Inflorescences axillary.<br />
14a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant with a short, stout rhizome at base; leaf blade 7–12 × 4.5–9 cm.<br />
15a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant ca. 60 cm tall; leaf blade oblong-ovate or oblong, 9–10 × 4.5–9 cm ......................................... 27. B. clavicaulis<br />
15b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant 26–35(–39) cm tall; leaf blade triangular-ovate, 7–12 × 4.5–7 cm ..................................... 165. B. wenshanensis<br />
14b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant not rhizomatous, prostrate or trailing at base; leaf blade 4–9 × 3–5 cm.<br />
16a. Leaf blade unlobed, margin sharply denticulate; tepals hairy ............................................................... 102. B. morifolia<br />
16b. Leaf blade very shallowly lobed, margin irregularly denticulate; tepals glabrous ................................... 4. B. alveolata<br />
12b. Leaf blade not membranous; styles 2 or 3; ovary 2- or 3-loculed.<br />
17a. Female flower axillary, solitary; terminal inflorescence staminate; plant with prostrate or decumbent<br />
stem, with distinct internodes .................................................................................................................. 15<strong>1.</strong> B. sublongipes<br />
17b. Flowers of both sexes mixed in the inflorescence; plant rhizomatous, with indistinct internodes<br />
and/or erect with distinct internodes.<br />
18a. Rhizome absent ........................................................................................................................................ 4<strong>1.</strong> B. discrepans<br />
18b. Rhizome present.<br />
19a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant to 13 cm tall; rhizome slender .............................................................................................................. 53. B. fordii<br />
19b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant much taller; rhizome stout.<br />
20a. Leaf blade adaxially densely hairy.<br />
21a. Rhizome short, stout; leaves only on aerial stem; leaf blade puberulous ....................................... 17. B. cathayana<br />
21b. Rhizome elongate; leaves on rhizome and aerial stem; leaf blade not puberulous.<br />
22a. Staminate flowers usually prematurely dropping in bud; pollen abortive ............................... 105. B. nantoensis<br />
22b. Staminate flowers opening normally; pollen fertile.<br />
23a. Leaf blade 6–7 × 4–5 cm; stipules and bracts ciliate ............................................................. 12<strong>1.</strong> B. polytricha<br />
23b. Leaf blade 7–16(–25) × 5–9(–14) cm; stipules and bracts entire ....................................... 119. B. pinglinensis<br />
20b. Leaf blade adaxially glabrous to sparsely hairy.<br />
24a. Leaf abaxial surface and petiole densely puberulous; tepals abaxially puberulous ............................ 43. B. dryadis<br />
24b. Leaf and tepals not puberulous.<br />
25a. Leaf blade basally cuneate to rounded, abaxially tomentose ..................................................... 66. B. hekouensis<br />
25b. Leaf blade basally cordate, not tomentose.<br />
26a. Female flowers with 2 bracteoles; bracts serrate; abaxial wing of capsule to 5 mm ........... 157. B. tengchiana<br />
26b. Female flowers without bracteoles; bracts entire; abaxial wing of capsule much longer.<br />
27a. Rhizome elongate; leaves usually present on rhizomes at anthesis.<br />
28a. Abaxial wing of capsule triangular, 7–16 mm ................................................................. 54. B. formosana<br />
28b. Abaxial wing of capsule orbicular, 18–26 mm.<br />
29a. Aerial stem 0–8(–15) cm; leaf subleathery ..................................................................... 14. B. bouffordii<br />
29b. Aerial stem 40–95 cm; leaf herbaceous .......................................................................... 23. B. chitoensis<br />
27b. Rhizome short, stout; leaves not seen on rhizomes at anthesis.<br />
30a. Leaves abaxially sanguineous; anthers <strong>1.</strong>9–2.2 mm; styles 3; ovary 3-loculed ................... 9<strong>1.</strong> B. lukuana<br />
30b. Leaves green; anthers 2.4–3.2 mm; styles 2 or 3; ovary 2- or 3-loculed.<br />
31a. Styles 3; ovary 3-loculed; anthers 2.9–3.2 mm ................................................... 24. B. chuyunshanensis<br />
31b. Styles 2; ovary 2-loculed; anthers 2.4–2.9 mm .............................................................. 167. B. wutaiana<br />
Key 8<br />
1a. Styles 2; ovary 2-loculed .......................................................................................................................................... 109. B. oreodoxa<br />
1b. Styles 3; ovary 3-loculed.<br />
2a. Middle cross-section of ovary with septal placentation or connecting tissue at center.<br />
3a. Staminate and pistillate tepals 2; leaf adaxially sparsely appressed rusty fibrillose ......................................... 74. B. jingxiensis<br />
3b. Staminate tepals 4, pistillate tepals 3.<br />
4a. Leaf adaxially glabrous ............................................................................................................................... 173. B. zhengyiana<br />
4b. Leaf adaxially hairy.<br />
5a. Leaf adaxially long hirsute, tertiary veins obscure ..................................................................................... 152. B. suboblata<br />
5b. Leaf adaxially sparsely pilose-setose, tertiary veins conspicuous, percurrent .................................... 142. B. semiparietalis<br />
2b. Middle cross-section of ovary with parietal placentation.<br />
6a. Leaf without a distinct apex, adaxially glabrous ............................................................................................ 173. B. zhengyiana<br />
6b. Leaf blade with a distinct apex, adaxially ± pubescent.<br />
7a. Inflorescence a thyrsoid cyme; leaves 23–50 × 16–40 cm ................................................................................. 85. B. liuyanii<br />
7b. Inflorescence a dichasial cyme; leaves smaller.
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 159<br />
8a. Leaf surface strongly bullate or pustulate<br />
9a. Leaf blade with dark brown to black broad palmate bands, apex shortly acuminate ............................. 97. B. masoniana<br />
9b. Leaf blade without dark palmate bands, apex rounded ................................................................... 50. B. fimbribracteata<br />
8b. Leaf surface flat or rugose.<br />
10a. Leaf blade sparsely hairy or subglabrous.<br />
11a. Leaf blade ovate to broadly lanceolate ........................................................................................ 110. B. ornithophylla<br />
11b. Leaf blade broadly ovate to suborbicular.<br />
12a. Leaf blade often very shallowly angularly lobed, often with pale green to white spots at<br />
junction between veins and brownish spots in intercostal areas; tertiary veins randomly<br />
reticulate, divergence angle 40°–60° ............................................................................................. 93. B. luzhaiensis<br />
12b. Leaf blade unlobed, spot not as above; tertiary veins ± percurrent, divergence angle 60°–120°.<br />
13a. Tertiary veins oppositely percurrent, divergence angle 90°–120°.<br />
14a. Leaf blade 3.5–15 × 3–13 cm, adaxially with whitish spots along major veins .............. 142. B. semiparietalis<br />
14b. Leaf blade 12–32 × 11–27 cm, adaxially not as above.<br />
15a. Leaf blade apically acute to shortly acuminate, adaxially with a broad whitish ring ........ 80. B. lanternaria<br />
15b. Leaf blade apically obtuse to rounded, adaxially without spot or with white spot<br />
between major veins .............................................................................................................. 3<strong>1.</strong> B. crystallina<br />
13b. Tertiary veins obliquely alternately percurrent, divergence angle 60°–80°.<br />
16a. Leaf petiole appressed-pilose, blade subleathery; ovary obovoid .................................. 125. B. pseudoleprosa<br />
16b. Leaf petiole pilose or hirsute-villous, blade herbaceous; ovary ovoid to ellipsoid.<br />
17a. Leaf blade 5–9 × 6–8 cm, apex obtuse to rounded ................................................ 10. B. austroguangxiensis<br />
17b. Leaf blade larger, longer than 10 cm, apex acuminate or shortly so.<br />
18a. Leaf blade green throughout; stipules apically obtuse to emarginate ................. 123. B. pseudodaxinensis<br />
18b. Leaf blade adaxially with a broad whitish ring; stipules apically acute ............................ 36. B. daxinensis<br />
10b. Leaf blade densely to moderately hairy.<br />
19a. Rhizomes slender, long creeping or vinelike, internodes elongate, usually longer than 1 cm.<br />
20a. Capsule distinctly curved ............................................................................................................... 33. B. curvicarpa<br />
20b. Capsule not distinctly curved.<br />
21a. Stipules basally obliquely auriculate .......................................................................................... 9. B. auritistipula<br />
21b. Stipules basally not auriculate.<br />
22a. Ovary and capsule beaked at summit ............................................................................... 134. B. rhynchocarpa<br />
22b. Ovary and capsule not beaked at summit.<br />
23a. Leaf blade moderately setulose ............................................................................................ 37. B. debaoensis<br />
23b. Leaf blade densely pilose .......................................................................................................... 122. B. porteri<br />
19b. Rhizomes stout, internodes usually shorter than 1 cm.<br />
24a. Leaf tertiary veins randomly reticulate, never percurrent, thin, divergence angle 40°–60°.<br />
25a. Leaf blade shallowly angularly lobed, adaxially sparsely tomentose ........................................ 93. B. luzhaiensis<br />
25b. Leaf blade unlobed, adaxially tomentose.<br />
26a. Leaf blade ovate, 10–25 × 5–18 cm, adaxially with a broad white band on midvein ....... 92. B. luochengensis<br />
26b. Leaf blade broadly ovate to suborbicular, 3–9 × 2–8 cm, adaxially without a broad<br />
white band ..................................................................................................................................... 122. B. porteri<br />
24b. Leaf tertiary veins ± percurrent, abaxially prominent, divergence angle 60°–100°.<br />
27a. Leaf blade adaxially villous-hirsute, hairs reddish, 3–5 mm; capsule <strong>1.</strong>5–2.1 cm ................. 59. B. guangxiensis<br />
27b. Leaf blade with other trichome types, hairs shorter than 2.5 mm; capsule to <strong>1.</strong>2 cm.<br />
28a. Androecium actinomorphic.<br />
29a. Peduncle glandular hispid; flowers usually greenish or yellowish green .............................. 49. B. filiformis<br />
29b. Peduncle glabrous or pilose.<br />
30a. Leaf blade slightly rugose or nearly flat, sparsely setulose; flowers reddish to white ........... 13. B. biflora<br />
30b. Leaf blade distinctly rugose, densely pilose; flowers greenish yellow with reddish<br />
base ...................................................................................................................................... 90. B. longistyla<br />
28b. Androecium zygomorphic.<br />
31a. Peduncle densely hirsute-villous.<br />
32a. Leaf blade surface flat or slightly rugose, lacking spots, hairs sparser .................................. 26. B. cirrosa<br />
32b. Leaf blade surface rugose, with a broad white or pale ring, hairs denser ......................... 118. B. picturata<br />
31b. Peduncle pilose or glabrous.<br />
33a. Ovary glandular pilose, abaxial wing obliquely triangular ........................................... 107. B. obliquifolia<br />
33b. Ovary not glandular pilose, abaxial wing usually lunate or oblong (sometimes<br />
obliquely triangular in B. retinervia).<br />
34a. Leaf blade slightly rugose or nearly flat.
160<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
35a. Fruit or ovary sparsely hairy, wings unequal .................................................................. 7<strong>1.</strong> B. huangii<br />
35b. Fruit or ovary glabrous, wings equal or subequal .................................................... 120. B. platycarpa<br />
34b. Leaf blade distinctly rugose.<br />
36a. Leaf blade with a white ring ............................................................................................ 103. B. morsei<br />
36b. Leaf blade often with a white band along major veins.<br />
37a. Capsule crisped-villous, broadly ovoid, apex with short beak ............................... 132. B. retinervia<br />
37b. Capsule glabrous or near so, ellipsoid, apex without short beak ................... 106. B. ningmingensis<br />
Key 9<br />
1a. Leaf blade glabrous on both sides.<br />
2a. Leaf blade shallowly lobed (divided to ca. 1/3 of leaf length) ................................................................................ 39. B. dielsiana<br />
2b. Leaf blade unlobed or very shallowly lobed.<br />
3a. Leaf blade symmetric or nearly so, cauline leaves several ............................................................................. 126. B. psilophylla<br />
3b. Leaf blade distinctly asymmetric, cauline leaves 0 or 1(or 2).<br />
4a. Rhizomes 2–3 cm in diam.; leaf blade 23–26 × 32–34 cm .................................................................. 98. B. megalophyllaria<br />
4b. Rhizomes to 1(–2) cm in diam.; leaf blade to 16 cm.<br />
5a. Leaf blade basally rounded .................................................................................................................................. 70. B. howii<br />
5b. Leaf blade basally cordate.<br />
6a. Styles 3; ovary 3-loculed; placentation axile or parietal.<br />
7a. Leaf blade green, broadly ovate to orbicular; wings of capsule oblate to transversely oblong;<br />
ovary 3-loculed; placentae axile .................................................................................................................. 48. B. fenicis<br />
7b. Leaf blade purplish with pale green spots adaxially, narrowly ovate to ovate; abaxial wing of<br />
capsule broadly elliptic to ligulate; ovary 1-loculed; placentae parietal ..................................... 124. B. pseudodryadis<br />
6b. Styles 2; ovary 2-loculed; placentation axile.<br />
8a. Petiole and leaf blade reddish when young, green when mature; bract to 5 cm .................................. 150. B. subhowii<br />
8b. Petiole red, leaf blade adaxially green, abaxially reddish purple on veins; bract much smaller.<br />
9a. Leaf blade 9–16(–18) × 5–6(–10) cm; abaxial wing of capsule broadly elliptic to orbicular ........... 14. B. bouffordii<br />
9b. Leaf blade 3–9 × 2–6 cm; abaxial wing of capsule ligulate ................................................................ 138. B. rubinea<br />
1b. Leaf blade pubescent.<br />
10a. Leaf blade broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate ............................................................................................. 22. B. chishuiensis<br />
10b. Leaf blade ovate, broadly ovate, orbicular or nearly so.<br />
11a. Leaf blade shallowly lobed (divided to ca. 1/3 of leaf length).<br />
12a. Rhizome with elongate internodes ......................................................................................................... 13<strong>1.</strong> B. repenticaulis<br />
12b. Rhizome with congested internodes.<br />
13a. Leaf blade adaxially subglabrous or sparsely hispidulous; petiole not sulcate ......................................... 46. B. emeiensis<br />
13b. Leaf blade adaxially sparsely pubescent when young; petiole sulcate ................................................. 96. B. manhaoensis<br />
11b. Leaf blade unlobed or very shallowly lobed.<br />
14a. Leaf blade adaxially long setose.<br />
15a. Ovary glabrous, 2-loculed; leaf blade variegated, setae pale color .................................................................... 133. B. rex<br />
15b. Ovary hairy, 2- or 3-loculed; leaf blade not variegated; setae red.<br />
16a. <strong>Pl</strong>ant prostrate with slender stems, internodes of stem elongate ............................................................ 139. B. ruboides<br />
16b. <strong>Pl</strong>ant rhizomatous, internodes congested.<br />
17a. Ovary 3-loculed; styles 3; leaf blade unlobed ...................................................................................... 143. B. setifolia<br />
17b. Ovary 2-loculed; styles 2; leaf blade very shallowly lobed ............................................................... 82. B. limprichtii<br />
14b. Leaf blade not long setose.<br />
18a. Ovary and tepals glabrous.<br />
19a. Styles 3; ovary 3-loculed.<br />
20a. Leaf blade adaxially glabrous or pilose, abaxially hispidulous, apex acute ................................ 137. B. rotundilimba<br />
20b. Leaf blade adaxially hirsute, abaxially densely hirsute, apex acuminate ................................ 148. B. sinovietnamica<br />
19b. Styles 2; ovary 2-loculed.<br />
21a. Leaf blade not spotted, green on both surfaces; flower buds subglobose.<br />
22a. Leaf blade adaxially sparsely pubescent when young; tepals white .......................................... 96. B. manhaoensis<br />
22b. Leaf blade adaxially glabrous; tepals orange-red ................................................................................. 30. B. crocea<br />
21b. Leaf blade adaxially spotted, abaxially reddish; flower buds ovoid.<br />
23a. Leaf blade with a horseshoe-shaped band; tepals pinkish or pink ........................................................... 133. B. rex<br />
23b. Leaf blade with pale green spots on intercostal areas; tepals yellow .............................................. 168. B. xanthina<br />
18b. Ovary and outer tepals abaxially hairy.<br />
24a. Leaf blade with a white band in intercostal areas and/or rusty-red on veins, adaxially densely<br />
hairy; capsule unequally 3-winged; styles 3; ovary 2-loculed ............................................................ 162. B. versicolor
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 161<br />
24b. Not as above.<br />
25a. Leaf blade rugose, with or without pale green spots, adaxially sparsely hairy; capsule<br />
subequally 3-winged; styles 3; ovary 3-loculed .......................................................................... 6<strong>1.</strong> B. gulinqingensis<br />
25b. Leaf blade not as above.<br />
26a. Styles 3; ovary 3-loculed.<br />
27a. Tepals and ovary shortly pilose; leaf blade 5.5–11 × 4.8–8.5 cm ..................................... 148. B. sinovietnamica<br />
27b. Tepals and ovary villous; leaf blade <strong>1.</strong>8–8 × <strong>1.</strong>5–6.2 cm ....................................................... 108. B. obsolescens<br />
26b. Styles 2; ovary 2-loculed.<br />
28a. Leaf puberulous on abaxial surface and on petiole.<br />
29a. Rhizomes slender, to 1 cm in diam., internodes elongated, 1–2(–3) cm ........................ 35. B. daweishanensis<br />
29b. Rhizomes 2–3 cm in diam., internodes congested ................................................................ 86. B. longanensis<br />
28b. Leaf not puberulous.<br />
30a. Leaf blade spotted.<br />
31a. Leaf blade adaxially glaucous with metallic shine, unlobed ..................................................... 135. B. rockii<br />
31b. Leaf blade adaxially pale greenish to whitish along main veins against reddish<br />
background color, very shallowly lobed ................................................................................. 8. B. augustinei<br />
30b. Leaf blade green or sometimes reddish, not spotted.<br />
32a. Leaf blade with fine, long hairs to 6 mm ................................................................................ 44. B. duclouxii<br />
32b. Leaf blade with short hairs to 1 mm.<br />
33a. Leaf blade 3.5–5 cm ................................................................................................... 56. B. gagnepainiana<br />
33b. Leaf blade usually larger.<br />
34a. Leaves very shallowly lobed; cauline leaves 1 or 2 ...................................................... 149. B. smithiana<br />
34b. Leaves unlobed; cauline leaves absent ...................................................................... 15. B. brevisetulosa<br />
<strong>1.</strong> Begonia acetosella Craib, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912:<br />
153. 1912.<br />
无 翅 秋 海 棠 wu chi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, dioecious, erect, to 2 m tall. Rhizomes short, stout.<br />
Stems branching twice or more. Leaves cauline; stipules deciduous,<br />
lanceolate, 1–<strong>1.</strong>3 × ca. 3.5 mm; petiole 2.7(–10) cm, glabrous<br />
or pubescent; blade oblong, ovate-lanceolate, or oblonglanceolate,<br />
asymmetric, 10–14(–27) × 3–4.5(–8) cm, glabrous,<br />
subglabrous, or pubescent, venation palmate-pinnate, 5- to 7-<br />
veined, base obliquely cordate, margin undivided, shallowly and<br />
remotely serrate, apex acuminate or acute. Inflorescences much<br />
reduced; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, apex acuminate.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 cm; tepals 4, white or pinkish,<br />
glabrous, outer 2 obovate to oblate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 × 1 cm, inner 2<br />
lanceolate to oblong, 13–15 × ca. 7 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments free; anthers oblong. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 5–10<br />
mm; ovary obovoid, glabrous, (3 or)4-loculed; placentae axile,<br />
bilamellate; tepals 4, white or pinkish, glabrous, outer 2 oblateorbicular,<br />
ca. 1 × 1 cm, inner 2 oblong, ca. 10 × 7 mm; styles (3<br />
or)4, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Fruit berrylike,<br />
pendulous, (3 or)4-horned. Fl. Apr–May, fr. May. 2n = 20, 22*.<br />
Moist shaded environments in evergreen broad-leaved forests;<br />
500–1800 m. SE Xizang, S Yunnan [Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].<br />
1a. Blade and petiole glabrous or nearly so<br />
................................................................. 1a. var. acetosella<br />
1b. Blade and petiole pubescent .................... 1b. var. hirtifolia<br />
1a. Begonia acetosella var. acetosella<br />
无 翅 秋 海 棠 ( 原 变 种 ) wu chi qiu hai tang (yuan bian zhong)<br />
Begonia tetragona Irmscher.<br />
Blade and petiole glabrous or nearly so.<br />
Moist shaded environments in evergreen broad-leaved forests;<br />
500–1800 m. SE Xizang (Mêdog), S Yunnan [Laos, Myanmar, Thailand,<br />
Vietnam].<br />
1b. Begonia acetosella var. hirtifolia Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg.<br />
Bot. Hamburg 10: 515. 1939.<br />
粗 毛 无 翅 秋 海 棠 cu mao wu chi qiu hai tang<br />
Blade and petiole pubescent.<br />
Forests; ca. 1500 m. Yunnan (Simao) [Myanmar].<br />
2. Begonia acutitepala K. Y. Guan & D. K. Tian, Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 22: 129. 2000.<br />
尖 被 秋 海 棠 jian bei qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, 10–30 cm tall, tuberous. Leaves 1 or 2(or 3), basal;<br />
stipules not seen; petiole 20–30 cm; blade green on both surfaces,<br />
broadly cordate, 14–20 × 10–15 cm, papery, base deeply<br />
cordate, margin serrulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescence 10–<br />
30 cm, hirsute, villous, tomentose; flowers pink; bracts green,<br />
broadly ovate, 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm, margin entire. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–6 cm; tepals 4, apex acute, outer 2 ovate-lanceolate,<br />
inner 2 obovate or spatulate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 × 0.6 cm, apex obtuse; stamens<br />
numerous; anthers obovoid-globose, apex concave. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel ca. 3 cm; tepals 5, unequal, ovate-lanceolate<br />
to obovate, abaxially tomentose, apex acute or obtuse;<br />
ovary sparsely tomentose, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3; stigmas spiraled. Capsule ellipsoid, unequally 3-<br />
winged; abaxial wing triangular, ca. 1 cm, apex truncate; lateral<br />
wings smaller, lunate. Fl. Sep–Nov.<br />
● Woods; ca. 1600 m. Yunnan (Maguan).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia labordei but differs by its acute<br />
tepals and non-racemose inflorescence.<br />
3. Begonia algaia L. B. Smith & Wasshausen, Phytologia 52:<br />
44<strong>1.</strong> 1983.<br />
美 丽 秋 海 棠 mei li qiu hai tang
162<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
Begonia calophylla Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
6: 35<strong>1.</strong> 1927, not Gilg ex Engler (1921).<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes elongate, 5–8 mm in diam.<br />
Stems short. Leaves mostly basal; stipules caducous; petiole<br />
13–26 cm, rusty villous; blade broadly ovate to oblong, slightly<br />
asymmetric, 10–20 × 9–19(–21) cm, sparsely pubescent, venation<br />
palmate, 6(–8)-veined, base slightly obliquely cordate,<br />
margin remotely serrate, distinctly lobed, divided to ca. 1/2 of<br />
leaf length; lobes caudate-acuminate at apex; lobules present.<br />
Inflorescences 17–27 cm tall, sparsely rusty villous; bracts oblong-ovate,<br />
4–5 mm, villous, apex acute. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 4–4.5 cm; tepals 4, pinkish, outer 2 broadly ovate, 2–2.7<br />
cm, outside villous, inner 2 obovate-oblong, 2–2.6 × ca. 1 mm;<br />
stamens numerous; filaments fused at base; anthers oval. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel 4–5 cm; ovary oblong, ca. 10 × 5 mm, glabrous;<br />
placentae axile, bilamellate; tepals 5, unequal, obovate to<br />
broadly ovate, 2–2.5 × 0.7–2.2 cm, outside villous; styles 2,<br />
fused to halfway; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, ca.<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2 × 9 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing larger, triangular.<br />
Fl. Jul–Aug.<br />
● Forests or scrubby vegetation, moist environments by streams;<br />
300–800 m. Jiangxi.<br />
Very similar to Begonia pedatifida, this species can only be distinguished<br />
by its shallowly divided leaves and cordate leaf bases.<br />
4. Begonia alveolata T. T. Yu, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., n.s.,<br />
1: 12<strong>1.</strong> 1948.<br />
点 叶 秋 海 棠 dian ye qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia pingbienensis C. Y. Wu.<br />
Herbs, erect on upper part, ascending at base. Rhizome absent.<br />
Stems slender. Leaves cauline, asymmetric; stipules ovatelanceolate,<br />
ca. 5 mm, membranous, pilose, apex acute; petiole<br />
3–6 mm, densely villous; blade ovate, asymmetric, 4–6.5 × 3–5<br />
cm, thin when dried, abaxially densely papillose, subglabrous<br />
or sparsely pubescent on veins, villous at junction between<br />
blade and petiole, adaxially sparsely hirsute, venation palmatepinnate,<br />
6-veined, base obliquely cordate, margin irregularly<br />
denticulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences subglabrous; bracts<br />
caducous, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: tepals 4, pinkish,<br />
glabrous, outer 2 elliptic or obovate, ca. 12 × 6 mm, inner 2<br />
elliptic, ca. 6 × 2 mm; stamens numerous; filaments free. Pistillate<br />
flowers: tepals 5, subequal, 8–10 × 4–6 mm, glabrous;<br />
ovary 3-loculed, glabrous; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3,<br />
free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsules pendulous, unequally 3-<br />
winged; abaxial wing larger, triangular. Fl. Nov.<br />
Forests, moist environments; 1000–1500 m. Yunnan (Pingbian)<br />
[Vietnam].<br />
This species resembles Begonia morifolia but differs by its glabrous<br />
flowers and very shallowly lobed leaves.<br />
5. Begonia arboreta Y. M. Shui, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 24: 307.<br />
2002.<br />
树 生 秋 海 棠 shu sheng qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous, epiphytic. Tubers subglobose, ca. 1 cm<br />
in diam. Leaves solitary; stipules caducous, basal, glabrous;<br />
petiole 12–14 cm; blade asymmetric, broadly ovate, 14–15 ×<br />
14–17 cm, papery, venation palmate, 3–5-veined, base obliquely<br />
cordate, margin irregularly repand-denticulate, distinctly<br />
lobed, divided to 3/5 of leaf length; lobes lanceolate, apex acuminate.<br />
Inflorescences 10–12 cm tall, terminal, glabrous; bracts<br />
caducous, ovate, ca. 0.6 × 0.2 mm. Staminate flowers not seen.<br />
Pistillate flowers: pedicel 3–3.3 cm; tepals not seen; ovary glabrous,<br />
3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3; stigmas<br />
2-cleft. Capsule pendulous, 2–2.4 × <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm, subequally 3-<br />
winged; abaxial wing slightly larger, apex subtruncate.<br />
● Evergreen broad-leaved forests, on tree trunks; 1700–1900 m.<br />
Yunnan (Lüchun).<br />
The description of this epiphytic species is based on a single<br />
specimen collected from Lüchun. Begonia arboreta may represent a<br />
diminished form of B. garrettii Craib from Thailand and perhaps does<br />
not warrant the specific status.<br />
6. Begonia asperifolia Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
6: 359. 1927.<br />
糙 叶 秋 海 棠 cao ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers subglobose, <strong>1.</strong>3–2 cm in diam.<br />
Leaves 1(or 2), basal, occasionally with short stem; stipules caducous;<br />
petiole (8–)15–23(–28) cm, subglabrous or tomentose;<br />
blade broadly ovate, asymmetric, 15–20(–30) × 11–18(–20) cm,<br />
abaxially pubescent, more densely so on veins, or rusty tomentose,<br />
adaxially sparsely pubescent or densely strigose, venation<br />
palmate, 6–8-veined, base slightly oblique, cordate, margin irregularly<br />
serrulate, undivided or very shallowly lobed. Inflorescences<br />
terminal, racemose at base, 12–25 cm tall, subglabrous;<br />
bracts oblong-ovate to ovate, 5–6 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm, membranous,<br />
apex obtuse. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>5(–2.5) cm; tepals<br />
4, pink, glabrous, outer 2 suborbicular, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>3 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm,<br />
inner 2 oblong to ovate-oblong, 8–10 × 5–7 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments free; anthers oblong. Pistillate flowers: pedicel<br />
2–2.5 cm; tepals 5, pink, unequal, obovate to suborbicular,<br />
5–11 × 3–9 mm, glabrous; ovary elliptic, ca. 7 × 5 mm, glabrous,<br />
3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, free; stigmas<br />
U-shaped, slightly spiraled. Capsule pendulous, oblong to<br />
obovoid-oblong, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular or<br />
obliquely so, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>4(–<strong>1.</strong>9) cm; lateral wings 3–4 mm, rarely<br />
absent or reduced to very narrow lamellae. Fl. Aug–Oct, fr.<br />
Sep–Nov.<br />
● Broad-leaved forests, mixed broad-leaved and coniferous forests,<br />
along streams, rocky slopes; (1500–)1800–3400 m. SE Xizang, W<br />
Yunnan.<br />
Similar to Begonia labordei, this species differs by its large, somewhat<br />
rugulose leaves and 5-tepaled pistillate flowers (in B. labordei, the<br />
pistillate flowers have 3(or 4) tepals). Some specimens of intermediate<br />
size and lacking pistillate flowers are difficult to identify.<br />
1a. Leaf blade abaxially pubescent, adaxially<br />
sparsely pubescent; flowers much more<br />
than 1 cm in diam. ................................ 6a. var. asperifolia<br />
1b. Leaf blade abaxially rusty tomentose,<br />
adaxially densely strigose; flowers ca.<br />
1 cm in diam.<br />
2a. Capsule with 3 conspicuous unequal<br />
wings ............................................. 6b. var. tomentosa
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 163<br />
2b. Capsule with large abaxial wing,<br />
lateral wings absent or reduced<br />
to very narrow lamellae .................... 6c. var. unialata<br />
6a. Begonia asperifolia var. asperifolia<br />
糙 叶 秋 海 棠 ( 原 变 种 ) cao ye qiu hai tang (yuan bian zhong)<br />
Leaf blade abaxially pubescent, adaxially sparsely pubescent.<br />
Flowers much more than 1 cm in diam. Capsule with 3<br />
conspicuous unequal wings. Fl. Aug–Oct, fr. Oct.<br />
● Broad-leaved forests, mixed broad-leaved and coniferous forests,<br />
along streams, rocky slopes; (1500–)2000–3400 m. SE Xizang<br />
(Bomi, Mêdog, Zayü), NW Yunnan.<br />
6b. Begonia asperifolia var. tomentosa T. T. Yu, Bull. Fan<br />
Mem. Inst. Biol., n.s., 1: 118. 1948.<br />
俅 江 秋 海 棠 qiu jiang qiu hai tang<br />
Leaf blade abaxially rusty tomentose, adaxially densely<br />
strigose. Flowers ca. 1 cm in diam. Capsule with 3 conspicuous<br />
unequal wings. Fl. Aug, fr. Sep.<br />
● Forest understories; ca. 1800 m. NW Yunnan (Dulong Jiang).<br />
6c. Begonia asperifolia var. unialata T. C. Ku, var. nov.<br />
窄 檐 糙 叶 秋 海 棠 zhai yan cao ye qiu hai tang<br />
Type: China. Yunnan: Yangbi Xian, in mixed forests, 1<br />
Nov 1929, R. C. Ching 2541 (holotype, PE).<br />
A var. asperifolia capsulae ala abaxiali magna oblique triangulari<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm longa, ejus alis lateralibus absentibus vel<br />
in lamellas angustissmas redactis differt.<br />
Leaf blade abaxially pubescent, adaxially sparsely pubescent.<br />
Flowers not seen. Capsule 3-winged; abaxial wing<br />
obliquely triangular, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm; lateral wings absent or reduced<br />
to very narrow lamellae. Fr. Oct–Nov.<br />
● Mixed forests. W Yunnan (Yangbi).<br />
7. Begonia asteropyrifolia Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen, Acta<br />
Bot. Yunnan. 27: 356. 2005.<br />
星 果 草 叶 秋 海 棠 xing guo cao ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs rhizomatous. Rhizomes 3–6 cm, ca. 1 cm in diam.,<br />
villous; internodes 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>1 cm. Leaves all basal; stipules triangularor<br />
ovate-triangular; petiole 3–5 cm, hirsute-villous; blade<br />
ovate with 2- or 3-angular lobes, 6.5–8.5 × 4–5 cm, peltate,<br />
thickly papery, rugose, abaxially with dense curly hairs, adaxially<br />
densely tuberculate-pilose, margin serrulate and ciliate, apex<br />
acuminate. Inflorescences axillary, flowers 7–13 in a dichasial<br />
cyme; peduncle 5–6 cm, hirsute-villous; bracts lanceolate, 7–9<br />
× 2–3.5 mm, glabrous, apex acute. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
<strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm, hirsute-villous; tepals 2 or 4, outer 2 pink, suborbicular,<br />
8–9 mm in diam., abaxially strigose-pilose, inner 2 pinkish<br />
or white, oblong, 9–10 × ca. 4 mm, glabrous; androecium<br />
zygomorphic; stamens numerous; filaments 0.9–1 mm, fused<br />
below into a short column; anthers obovoid. Pistillate flowers<br />
unknown. Capsule broadly ovoid, 8–9 × 10–12 mm, pilose, 1-<br />
loculed with parietal placentation; styles 3, 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 mm, persistent;<br />
wings 3, unequal, triangular, pilose, apex orbicular. Fl.<br />
Feb–Sep.<br />
● Limestone hills. 300–400 m. Guangxi (Donglan).<br />
8. Begonia augustinei Hemsley, Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 2: 286.<br />
1900.<br />
歪 叶 秋 海 棠 wai ye qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia menglianensis Y. Y. Qian.<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes elongate. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules ovate, 7–8 × ca. 5 mm, membranous, apex acute; petiole<br />
(6–)15–22 cm, densely villous; blade abaxially brownish<br />
purple, adaxially pale greenish to whitish along main veins<br />
against reddish background color, very shallowly lobed, asymmetric,<br />
ovate to broadly ovate, 7–14 × 5–11 cm, abaxially villous<br />
on veins, adaxially densely hirsute, venation palmate, 7- or<br />
8-veined, base cordate to deeply cordate, margin irregularly serrulate,<br />
very shallowly divided; lobes triangular, apex acute or<br />
acuminate. Inflorescences (6–)15–18 cm, pubescent or subglabrous;<br />
bracts oblong, ca. 10 × 4 mm, sparsely ciliate when<br />
young, apex acute. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>6–3 cm; tepals<br />
4, pinkish, outer 2 oblong to ovate, <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>8 × ca. 0.9 cm, outside<br />
pilose, inner 2 elliptic, 10–13 × ca. 7 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments free; anthers oblong; connective extended, acuminate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: tepals 5; ovary sparsely pilose, 2-<br />
loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2; stigmas 2-cleft,<br />
spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing<br />
broadly falcate, <strong>1.</strong>7–2.1 cm; lateral wings ca. 5 mm. Fl. Jun–<br />
Sep.<br />
● Scrubby vegetation, on rocks in shaded moist environments;<br />
1000–1500(–1800) m. S Yunnan.<br />
9. Begonia auritistipula Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen, Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 27: 357. 2005.<br />
耳 托 秋 海 棠 er tuo qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs vinelike. Rhizomes long creeping, zigzag, 30–50<br />
cm, 3–5 mm in diam., sparsely hirsute-villous; internodes 3–5<br />
cm. Leaves all basal; stipules broadly ovate, 9–11 mm, base<br />
obliquely auriculate, margin entire; petiole 9–12 cm, sparsely<br />
reflexed hirsute; blade ovate, 10–18 × 4–7 cm, papery, rugose,<br />
abaxially hirsute-pilose on veins, adaxially setulose, base<br />
obliquely deeply cordate, margin serrulate and ciliate, apex acuminate.<br />
Inflorescences axillary, flowers 8–13 in 2–4 times<br />
branched dichasial cyme; peduncle 5–9 cm, glabrous; bracts<br />
oblong or broadly obovate, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>4 × 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>1 cm, glabrous,<br />
margin ciliate, apex rounded. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>5<br />
cm, glabrous; tepals 4, outer 2 pink, with red veins, suborbicular,<br />
1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm in diam., abaxially sparsely hirsute, inner 2<br />
white or pinkish, elliptic, 9–10 × 3–3.5 mm, glabrous; androecium<br />
zygomorphic; stamens numerous; filaments nearly free,<br />
0.8–1 mm; anthers obovoid, ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 × 0.7 mm, apex emarginate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: tepals 3, outer 2 with pink veins, suborbicular,<br />
0.8–1 cm in diam., abaxially strigose-hirsute; ovary 5–6 ×<br />
4–4.5 mm, sparsely strigose-hirsute, 1-loculed with parietal placentation;<br />
styles 3, free, <strong>1.</strong>8–2.3 mm; wings 3, unequal, apex<br />
truncate or rounded. Capsule unknown. Fl. May–Nov.
164<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
● Originally cultivated at the Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal<br />
<strong>Pl</strong>ants, without detailed accession information.<br />
The type was made from plants in cultivation at the Kunming<br />
Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in Yunnan.<br />
10. Begonia austroguangxiensis Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen,<br />
Acta Bot. Yunnan. 27: 359. 2005.<br />
桂 南 秋 海 棠 gui nan qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs rhizomatous. Rhizomes 4–7 cm, 3–4 mm in diam.;<br />
internodes 2–3 mm, sparsely hirsute-villous. Leaves all basal;<br />
stipules triangular, 5–6 × 2–3 mm, margin entire; petiole 6–20<br />
cm, hirsute-villous; blade broadly ovate or suborbicular, 5–9 ×<br />
6–8 cm, abaxially tomentose-pilose on major veins and sparsely<br />
so on minor veins, adaxially flat and very sparsely setulose,<br />
base obliquely deeply cordate, margin serrulate and ciliate, apex<br />
rounded or obtuse. Inflorescences axillary, flowers 5–12 in a<br />
dichasial cyme; peduncle 3–20 cm, pilose or subglabrous; bracts<br />
triangular, ovate or rounded, 2.5–5 × 2–3.5 mm, margin entire<br />
or serrulate and ciliate. Staminate flowers: tepals 4, outer 2 pinkish<br />
or white, suborbicular or broadly ovate, 8–17 mm in diam.,<br />
abaxially pilose or glabrous, inner 2 white, obovate to oblanceolate,<br />
8–14 × 3–4 mm; stamens numerous; filaments nearly<br />
free, 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm; anthers obovoid, 1–<strong>1.</strong>3 mm, apex subemarginate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: tepals 3, outer 2 pinkish or white, suborbicular,<br />
6–9 mm in diam., inner 1 obovate, 4–7 × 2–3.5 mm;<br />
styles 3, free, 2–3 mm; ovary 1-loculed with parietal placentation.<br />
Capsule nodding, 8–9 × 10–12 mm, pilose or glabrous,<br />
apex with persistent styles; wings 3, unequal, lunate, larger one<br />
3–6 mm. Fl. May–Oct.<br />
● Limestone forests, on rocks in shaded environments; 200–600<br />
m. Guangxi (Longzhou).<br />
1<strong>1.</strong> Begonia austrotaiwanensis Y. K. Chen & C. I Peng, J.<br />
Arnold Arbor. 71: 567. 1990.<br />
南 台 湾 秋 海 棠 nan tai wan qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous; rhizomes elongate, moniliform. Leaves<br />
basal; stipules triangular, 7–22 × 4–9 mm; petiole to 40 cm, glabrous;<br />
blade broadly ovate, asymmetric, 13–38 × 10–32 cm,<br />
venation palmate, 6–10-veined, base obliquely cordate, margin<br />
irregularly serrate, shallowly lobed, apex acuminate or apiculate.<br />
Inflorescences to 55 cm tall; peduncle to 42 cm; bracts<br />
caducous, in pairs, narrowly ovate to elliptic, 8–12 × 3.5–6.5<br />
mm, glabrous, margin dentate, apex acute. Flowers scented.<br />
Staminate flowers: tepals 4, pink or purplish, outer 2 suborbicular<br />
to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>3–3.5 × 0.9–3.2 cm, inner 2 lanceolate to<br />
narrowly obovate, 1–3.2 cm × 6–8 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments free; anthers obovoid. Pistillate flowers: tepals (2<br />
or)3(or 4), outer 2 suborbicular or oblate-orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>6–2.3 ×<br />
<strong>1.</strong>4–3.7 cm, inner 1 oblanceolate or obovate, <strong>1.</strong>2–2.3 × 0.7–2.3<br />
cm; ovary glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate or 4-<br />
cleft; styles 2, free; stigma 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing ligulate, 2.7–4.6 × 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>5<br />
cm; lateral wings smaller. 2n = 38*.<br />
● Rocky slopes in shaded moist environments; 200–1000 m. S<br />
Taiwan.<br />
12. Begonia baviensis Gagnepain, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.<br />
25: 195. 1919.<br />
金 平 秋 海 棠 jin ping qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous, erect, ca. 50 cm tall or more. Rhizomes<br />
elongate, to 12 cm in diam. Stems 3–6 mm in diam.,<br />
scabrous, densely rusty hirsute. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules<br />
caducous, triangular, <strong>1.</strong>5–2 cm, brown villous; petiole 4–<br />
7(–11) cm, densely rusty villous; blade oblate-orbicular or suborbicular,<br />
asymmetric, 15–20 × 12–24 cm, both surfaces sparsely<br />
red hirsute, more densely so on veins, venation palmate, 6- or<br />
7-veined, base oblique, shallowly cordate, margin remotely denticulate,<br />
shallowly lobed to distinctly lobed; lobes 5–7, triangular-ovate<br />
to ovate-lanceolate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
densely brown villous; peduncle 10–15 cm; bracts triangular,<br />
5–6 × 4–5 mm, both surfaces and margin villous, apex<br />
caudate. Staminate flowers: tepals 4, outer 2 broadly ovate, ca.<br />
<strong>1.</strong>7 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm, outside rusty villous, inner 2 obcordate, ca. 2 ×<br />
2 cm, glabrous; stamens numerous; anthers linear; connective<br />
extended, acute. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5, unequal, ovate, <strong>1.</strong>2–<br />
2 cm, abaxially villous; ovary rusty villous, 2-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate or 4-cleft; styles 2, free; stigmas 2-cleft,<br />
spiraled. Capsule nodding, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm × 7–9 mm, rusty villous,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing oblate-triangular, hirsute,<br />
apex obtuse; lateral wings lunate. Fl. Apr.<br />
Forests, shaded moist environments along streams; 400–500 m.<br />
Guangxi, Yunnan (Jinping) [Vietnam].<br />
Begonia baviensis resembles B. purpureofolia but differs in having<br />
green leaves with stiff hairs.<br />
13. Begonia biflora T. C. Ku, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35: 43. 1997.<br />
双 花 秋 海 棠 shuang hua qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes 3–10 mm in diam.; internodes<br />
3–6 mm. Leaves all basal; stipules generally persistent,<br />
ovate-triangular, 4–10 × 3–6 mm, abaxially subglabrous; petiole<br />
4–22 cm, hirsute-villous; blade adaxially without white<br />
bands or patches, obliquely broadly ovate, 8–25 × 7–23 cm,<br />
papery, abaxially pubescent, more densely so on veins, adaxially<br />
sparsely setulose or hispidulous, basally 5–7-veined, tertiary<br />
veins percurrent and reticulate, base deeply cordate, margin<br />
crenulate and irregularly denticulate, apex obtuse, sometimes<br />
rounded or acute. Inflorescences 4–13-flowered; peduncle 5–<br />
7.5 cm, glabrous or sparsely pilose; bracts caducous, oblong or<br />
ovate to broadly lanceolate, 2–3 × <strong>1.</strong>2–2.5 mm. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 8–15 mm; tepals 4, outer 2 pinkish or slightly yellowish<br />
green, broadly ovate or suborbicular, 4–11 × 5–9 mm,<br />
abaxially glabrous or sparsely pilose, inner 2 obovate or elliptic,<br />
6–9 × 3–5 mm, glabrous; stamens 24–30; filaments fused<br />
into a short column at base, anthers obovoid, 0.6–0.9 × 0.5–<br />
0.75 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 7–14 mm; tepals 3, outer 2<br />
suborbicular, 6–9.5 × 6–8 mm; ovary glabrous or pilose, 1-loculed<br />
with parietal placentation; styles 3, free. Capsule nodding,<br />
6–9 mm, glabrous or pilose, unequally or subequally 3-winged;<br />
abaxial wing lunate, 2–4.5 mm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Jan–<br />
May, fr. Feb–Jul.<br />
● Limestone rocks or on rocky walls, in moist rocky caves; 200–<br />
400 m. Yunnan (Malipo).<br />
Begonia biflora is similar to B. bonii Gagnepain, which is endemic<br />
to Vietnam, but the former species differs in having a much<br />
shorter peduncle and the stipules are not hirsute abaxially.
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 165<br />
14. Begonia bouffordii C. I Peng, Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 46:<br />
255. 2005.<br />
九 九 峰 秋 海 棠 jiu jiu feng qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous, to 25 cm tall. Rhizomes creeping.<br />
Stems absent or rather short, to 8(–15) cm. Leaves basal or<br />
sometimes cauline; stipules caducous, narrowly ovate to ovate,<br />
to 7 × 3.5 mm, glabrous, margin entire, apex acuminate; petiole<br />
to 16 cm, glabrous; blade abaxially reddish purple on veins,<br />
ovate, asymmetric, 9–16(–18) × 5–6(–10) cm, succulent, nearly<br />
glabrous, venation palmate, base obliquely obtuse, margin subentire,<br />
apex acuminate. Inflorescences to 25 cm; peduncle to 17<br />
cm; bracts caducous, narrowly ovate to ovate, to 8 mm, glabrous,<br />
margin entire, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: tepals<br />
4(or 6), pale pink, outer 2 broadly orbicular to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>5–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>9 × <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, inner 2(or 4) oblanceolate to narrowly obovate,<br />
10–17 × 6–9 mm; stamens 68–84; filaments free, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>7<br />
mm; anthers narrowly obovoid, 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm. Pistillate flowers:<br />
tepals 5, pinkish, unequal to subequal, narrowly obovate to<br />
broadly obovate, glabrous, largest 1–2.3 × <strong>1.</strong>1–2.3 cm, smallest<br />
8–19 × 4–16 mm; ovary glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae axile,<br />
bilamellate or 4-cleft; styles 2, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft,<br />
spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing<br />
broadly elliptic to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>8–2.5 cm; lateral wings smaller.<br />
2n = 38*.<br />
● Shaded rocky slopes; 300–400 m. Taiwan (Nantou).<br />
Similar to Begonia chitoensis, this species can be distinguished by<br />
its smaller stature (often acaulescent), reddish purple petiole, and<br />
glabrous, succulent leaf blade with reddish purple veins abaxially.<br />
15. Begonia brevisetulosa C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33:<br />
265. 1995.<br />
短 刺 秋 海 棠 duan ci qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes 5–8 mm in diam. Leaves basal; stipules<br />
membranous, caducous; petiole purple-red, 4.5–11 cm, densely<br />
brown villous; blade abaxially pale, adaxially yellow-green,<br />
oblong-ovate, asymmetric, 5.5–12 × 3.5–10.2 cm, abaxially<br />
sparsely shortly setose, adaxially densely hispidulous, venation<br />
palmate, 6(or 7)-veined, base slightly oblique, cordate, margin<br />
irregularly sharply serrulate, apex caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
10.2–12.5 cm tall, densely hirsute; bracts abaxially<br />
hairy. Staminate flowers: tepals 4, outer 2 broadly ovate, ca. 12<br />
× 8 mm, abaxially hirsute, inner 2 oblong, ca. 8 × 3 mm; stamens<br />
numerous; filaments free, ca. 1 mm; anthers oblong, ca.<br />
1 mm. Pistillate flowers unknown. Immature capsule nodding,<br />
narrowly obovoid, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, pilose, 2-loculed, placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing ovate-lanceolate,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × 1 cm, apex rounded; lateral wings smaller.<br />
● SW Sichuan (Muli).<br />
This species is known only from type gathering. It is similar to<br />
Begonia augustinei but differs by its yellow-green leaf blade with sharply<br />
serrulate margin.<br />
16. Begonia ×buimontana Y. Yamamoto, J. Soc. Trop. Agric.<br />
5: 353. 1933.<br />
武 威 秋 海 棠 wu wei qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia fenchihuensis S. S. Ying.<br />
Herbs, erect, 40–125 cm tall, rhizomatous. Rhizomes short,<br />
stout. Stems glabrous or sometimes pilose. Leaves cauline or<br />
rarely basal; stipules caducous, ovate to broadly ovate, to 2.3 ×<br />
<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, glabrous, margin entire, apex acuminate; petiole 2–5<br />
cm, sparsely hirsute; blade asymmetric, ovate-lanceolate or<br />
ovate, 8–22 × 4–8 cm, densely scabrous-hirsute, venation palmate-pinnate,<br />
5–8-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin irregularly<br />
serrate, apex caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences glabrous;<br />
peduncle 5–7 mm; bracts caducous, narrowly ovate to ovate, ca.<br />
2.4 × <strong>1.</strong>7 cm, glabrous, margin entire, apex mucronate to acuminate.<br />
Staminate flowers: tepals 4, pink, outer 2 obovate, <strong>1.</strong>2–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>4 × 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm, abaxially hirsute, inner 2 oblanceolate to narrowly<br />
obovate, 6–13 × 4–6 mm; stamens numerous; filaments<br />
free. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5(or 6), pink, subequal to unequal,<br />
oblanceolate to orbicular, ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 × 0.8 cm; ovary triangular,<br />
scabrous-hirsute, 2- or 3-loculed; placentae bilamellate; styles 2<br />
or 3; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-<br />
winged; abaxial wing triangular, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>9 × <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm; lateral<br />
wings 4–6 mm. 2n = 30*.<br />
● Forests; 1000–1600 m. S Taiwan.<br />
This is a natural hybrid between Begonia palmata and B. taiwaniana<br />
(Peng & Chen, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78: 995–100<strong>1.</strong> 1991).<br />
17. Begonia cathayana Hemsley, Bot. Mag. 134: t. 8202. 1908.<br />
花 叶 秋 海 棠 hua ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, erect, to 60 cm tall. Rhizomes poorly developed.<br />
Stems often branched, puberulous. Leaves cauline; stipules lanceolate,<br />
ca. 1 cm, abaxially villous, apex acuminate and cuspidate;<br />
petiole 3.5–9.8 cm, densely puberulous; blade abaxially<br />
pale green to red-purple, adaxially dark green with a red-purple<br />
V-shaped band, ovate to broadly ovate, asymmetric, 9–14 × 7–<br />
10.8 cm, densely puberulous, occasionally sparsely long hairy,<br />
venation palmate-pinnate, base oblique, cordate, margin denticulate,<br />
very shallowly lobed; lobes triangular, apex acute. Inflorescences<br />
puberulous; peduncle 5–6.1(–11) cm; bracts caducous,<br />
puberulous, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 cm; tepals 4, pink or orangish, outer 2 broadly ovate,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>7–2 × ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, outside villous, inner 2 oblong to ovate, ca.<br />
<strong>1.</strong>4 × 5–7 mm; stamens numerous; filaments ca. 1 mm; anthers<br />
oblong-obovoid, ca. 1 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>7<br />
cm; tepals 5, pink or orangish, subequal, oblong to broadly<br />
ovate, abaxially villous; ovary pubescent, 2-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; styles 2, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft,<br />
spiraled. Capsule nodding, obovoid-oblong, <strong>1.</strong>8–2.1 cm, unequally<br />
3-winged; adaxial wing broadly ligulate or falcate, <strong>1.</strong>2–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, apex rounded; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Aug,<br />
fr. Sep. 2n = 20*.<br />
Scrubby vegetation or forests, in shaded environments; 800–1500<br />
m. S Guangxi, SE Yunnan [Vietnam].<br />
Similar to Begonia palmata, this species differs by its short, stout<br />
rhizome, lack of leaves on the rhizome, erect stem, and very shallowly<br />
divided leaves. Either pink or orangish flowers were observed on plants<br />
of this species.<br />
18. Begonia cavaleriei H. Léveillé, Repert. <strong>Sp</strong>ec. Nov. Regni<br />
Veg. 7: 20. 1909.<br />
昌 感 秋 海 棠 chang gan qiu hai tang
166<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
Begonia cavaleriei var. pinfaensis H. Léveillé; B. esquirolii<br />
H. Léveillé; B. nymphaeifolia T. T. Yu.<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes elongate, 5–15 mm in<br />
diam. Leaves basal; stipules caducous, broadly ovate to reniform,<br />
8–12 × 8–10 mm; petiole 7–25 cm, glabrous; blade peltate,<br />
nearly symmetric, ovate or broadly elliptic, 8–15(–22) ×<br />
5–13(–19) cm, thickly papery, glabrous, venation palmate, base<br />
obtuse, margin slightly repand, apex acuminate to caudate. Inflorescences<br />
to 30 cm tall, glabrous; bracts reniform to fanshaped,<br />
8–15 × 12–16 mm, glabrous, apex emarginate; flowers<br />
fragrant. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. 1 cm; tepals 4, white<br />
to pinkish, outer 2 broadly ovate to ovate, 8–20 × 9–15 mm,<br />
glabrous, inner 2 oblong, <strong>1.</strong>2–4.1 × 4.4–7.1 mm; stamens 58–<br />
72; filaments free, 0.7–2 mm; anthers obovoid to oblong, 0.7–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>1 mm, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pedicel 2–3 cm; tepals 3, outer 2 broadly ovate or suborbicular,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>8 × <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, glabrous, inner 1 oblong, 7.8–8.5 × ca. 4<br />
mm; ovary oblong, to 2 mm, glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; styles 3, to 4.6 mm, fused at base; stigmas 2-<br />
cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, oblong, to 2.9 mm, unequally<br />
3-winged; adaxial wing larger, lunate, 7–8 mm; lateral wings<br />
smaller. Fl. May–Jul, fr. Jul. 2n = 30*.<br />
Forests, on limestone rocks; 700–1300(–1800) m. Guangxi, Guizhou,<br />
Yunnan [Vietnam].<br />
19. Begonia cehengensis T. C. Ku, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 254.<br />
1995.<br />
册 亨 秋 海 棠 ce heng qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, erect. Tubers globose, 6–8 mm in diam. Stems 10–<br />
16(–20) cm tall, subglabrous. Leaves mostly cauline; stipules<br />
caducous, membranous; petiole 4–8 cm, subglabrous; blade<br />
brownish on veins, broadly ovate or suborbicular, asymmetric,<br />
7–8 × ca. 6 cm, papery, very thin when dried, subglabrous or<br />
sparsely hispidulous, venation palmate, base slightly oblique,<br />
rounded, margin shallowly crenate, apex acute. Inflorescences<br />
2–4-flowered, glabrous; peduncle 3–5 cm; bracts caducous,<br />
lanceolate, membranous. Staminate flowers: pedicel 4–10 mm;<br />
tepals 2, white, depressed-ovate, ca. 8 × 10 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments ca. 1 mm, free; anthers obovoid, ca. 1 mm.<br />
Pistillate flowers: tepals 2, white, unequal, one depressed-ovate,<br />
ca. 8 × 10 mm, other one broadly ovate, ca. 8 × 6 mm; ovary<br />
obovoid, glabrous, 3-loculed, apex with beak ca. 3 mm; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; style 3, free; stigmas U-shaped. Capsule<br />
pendulous, obovoid, 5–7 mm, subequally 3-winged; wings<br />
oblate-triangular, ca. 5 mm. Fl. Aug, fr. Sep.<br />
● 700–800 m. Guizhou (Ceheng).<br />
This species is known only from the type gathering.<br />
20. Begonia ceratocarpa S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 21: 13. 1999.<br />
角 果 秋 海 棠 jiao guo qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, acaulescent, rhizomatous. Rhizomes 5–15 mm in<br />
diam. Leaves all basal; stipules ovate-oblong, <strong>1.</strong>8–2.5 × 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>1<br />
cm, margin subentire, ciliate, apex acuminate; petiole to 30 cm,<br />
densely appressed pubescent; blade ovate-oblong, asymmetric,<br />
14–23 × 7–12 cm, abaxially villous, adaxially glabrous, venation<br />
palmate-pinnate, base oblique, cordate, margin slightly repand<br />
and slightly crenate, undivided or very shallowly divided<br />
into 2 or 3 lobes, apex acuminate. Inflorescences axillary, racemose<br />
at base, to 10(–20) cm tall, glabrous or remotely pubescent;<br />
peduncle 5–6 cm; bracts lanceolate, 7–8 × 2–3 mm, abaxially<br />
pilose, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 7–12<br />
mm, pilose; tepals 4, pink, glabrous or minutely appressed pubescent,<br />
outer 2 broadly ovate, 10–17 × 8–12 mm, inner 2 obovate-lanceolate,<br />
ca. 12 × 4–5 mm; stamens 17 or 18; filaments<br />
2–3.4 mm, free; anthers obovoid-oblong, <strong>1.</strong>6–2 mm, apex obtuse.<br />
Pistillate flowers: pedicel 5–7 mm; tepals 5, pink, glabrous<br />
or minutely appressed pubescent, unequal, largest broadly obovate,<br />
9–15 × 7–10 mm, smallest oblong, 5–12 × 3–6 mm; ovary<br />
minutely appressed pubescent, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3, fused to halfway; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled.<br />
Fruit berrylike, rhomboid, indehiscent, 3-horned. 2n = 20*.<br />
Broad-leaved forests by streams; 300–400 m. Yunnan (Hekou)<br />
[Vietnam].<br />
This species is similar to Begonia balansana Gagnepain, which is<br />
endemic to N Vietnam, but differs in that the plants are monoecious and<br />
the ovary is 3-loculed.<br />
2<strong>1.</strong> Begonia chingii Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 519. 1939.<br />
凤 山 秋 海 棠 feng shan qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers 3–15 mm in diam. Leaves 1(–3),<br />
basal or on very short stem; stipules triangular-ovate, 3.9–<strong>1.</strong>2<br />
cm, margin ciliate, apex cuspidate; petiole 6.8–13 cm, pubescent;<br />
blade ovate to broadly ovate, nearly symmetric, 7–14 × 5–<br />
9 cm, very thin when dried, villous, venation palmate-pinnate,<br />
base cordate, margin serrulate, apex acute or acuminate. Inflorescence<br />
terminal, cymose, 6–20 cm; bracts oblong, 3.4–7.5 ×<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–2.5 mm, margin ciliate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 6.5–34<br />
mm; tepals 4, outer 2 ovate, 9.5–15.7 × 7.5–14 mm, abaxially<br />
sparsely red pubescent, inner 2 oblong, 6.1–13.1 × <strong>1.</strong>9–7.1 mm,<br />
glabrous; stamens 10–40; filaments 0.8–2.3 mm, fused at base;<br />
anthers oval, 0.5–1 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals 3, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate, 6.2–9.3 × 5–8.6 mm, abaxially red hairy, inner 1<br />
oval, 5.7–7.5 × 3.1–4.7 mm; ovary oval, ca. 3.7 × 2.5 mm,<br />
hairy, 3-loculed; placentae axile, undivided; styles 3, 2.6–4.5<br />
mm, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsules pendulous;<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular, 4–13 mm;<br />
lateral wings smaller.<br />
● Limestone hills or caves; 200–800 m. Guangxi.<br />
This species resembles Begonia fimbristipula but differs by its<br />
pubescent tepals and undivided placentae.<br />
22. Begonia chishuiensis T. C. Ku, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 267.<br />
1995.<br />
赤 水 秋 海 棠 chi shui qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes 4–6 mm in diam. Leaves<br />
basal; stipules membranous, caducous; petiole 6–9 cm, densely<br />
brown hirsute; blade narrowly ovate to broadly lanceolate,<br />
slightly asymmetric, 4.5–10 × 3–5 cm, abaxially hirsute, adaxially<br />
hispidulous and hirsute, venation palmate-pinnate, 5- or 6-<br />
veined, base shallowly cordate, margin minutely denticulate,<br />
apex caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences 9–15 cm tall, 2–4-flow-
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 167<br />
ered, glabrous; bracts caducous. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>3 cm; tepals 2 or 3, broadly ovate, ca. 10 × 9 mm; stamens<br />
numerous; filaments free, ca. 1 mm; anthers oblong, ca. 1 mm.<br />
Pistillate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm; tepals 2 or 3, oblong-obovate,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>6 × 1 cm; ovary ovoid, glabrous or subglabrous, 2-<br />
loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2, stigmas 2-cleft,<br />
spiraled. Capsule nodding, oblong, ca. 9 mm, unequally 3-<br />
winged; abaxial wing broadly falcate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 × 0.8 cm, apex<br />
rounded; lateral wings smaller, lunate. Fl. Sep.<br />
● On moist rocks. Guizhou (Chishui).<br />
This species is known only from the type gathering.<br />
23. Begonia chitoensis T. S. Liu & M. J. Lai, Fl. Taiwan 3: 793.<br />
1977.<br />
溪 头 秋 海 棠 xi tou qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, to 2 cm in diam.<br />
Stems 40–95 cm tall. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules ovate to<br />
very broadly ovate, to 2.6 cm, glabrous, margin entire, apex<br />
acuminate, caducous; petiole 10–45 cm; blade broadly ovate to<br />
orbicular, asymmetric, 9–34 × 7–29 cm, venation palmate-pinnate,<br />
abaxially subglabrous to sparsely hairy, adaxially subglabrous,<br />
base obliquely cordate, margin serrulate, undivided or<br />
very shallowly divided, apex acuminate to caudate. Inflorescences<br />
12–40 cm, subglabrous; peduncle to 31 cm; bracts caducous,<br />
ovate to broadly ovate, to 2.5 × <strong>1.</strong>9 cm, margin entire,<br />
apex acute. Staminate flowers: tepals 4, pink, outer 2 obovate to<br />
orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>1–2.8 × 1–2.6 cm, inner 2 oblanceolate to obovate,<br />
1–2.6 cm × 4–13 mm; stamens 78–142; filaments free, 0.8–2.4<br />
mm; anthers obovoid, 2–2.3 mm. Pistillate flowers: ovary ellipsoid,<br />
glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; tepals 5,<br />
unequal, oblanceolate to orbicular, largest 0.9–2.6 × 0.8–2.3<br />
cm, smallest 0.8–2.4 cm × 4–11 mm; styles 2, fused at base;<br />
stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged;<br />
abaxial wing broadly elliptic to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>9–3.2 × <strong>1.</strong>1–2.2 cm;<br />
lateral wings smaller, 4–6 mm. Fl. Jun–Oct. 2n = 38*.<br />
● Shaded moist broad-leaved forests; 400–2200 m. C and N Taiwan.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia formosana but differs by the<br />
abaxial wing of the capsule, which is broadly elliptic to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>9–<br />
3.2 × <strong>1.</strong>1–2.2 cm.<br />
24. Begonia chuyunshanensis C. I Peng & Y. K. Chen, Bot.<br />
Bull. Acad. Sin. 46: 258. 2005.<br />
出 云 山 秋 海 棠 chu yun shan qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, erect. Rhizomes poorly developed. Stems 40–85 cm<br />
tall, glabrous. Leaves cauline; stipules caducous, lanceolate to<br />
ovate, to 2.1 cm, glabrous, margin entire, apex acuminate; petiole<br />
6–30 cm, glabrous; blade ovate to narrowly ovate, asymmetric,<br />
12–27 × 5–14 cm, both surfaces sparsely scaberulous,<br />
venation palmate-pinnate, 7–9-veined, base cordate, margin irregularly<br />
serrulate or denticulate, often slightly undulate, apex<br />
acuminate to cuspidate. Inflorescences 5–16 cm; peduncle to 13<br />
cm; bracts caducous, narrowly ovate to ovate, to 2.3 × <strong>1.</strong>4 cm,<br />
glabrous, margin entire, apex acuminate. Tepals white or very<br />
faintly pinkish. Staminate flowers: tepals 4, outer 2 broadly<br />
obovate to orbicular, 9–24 × 7–21 mm, inner 2 oblanceolate to<br />
narrowly obovate, 7–18 × 4–8 mm; stamens 98–137; filaments<br />
0.5–2.1 mm; anthers narrowly oblong to oblanceolate, 2.9–3.2<br />
mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5(or 6), unequal to subequal, narrowly<br />
obovate to broadly obovate, largest 9–21 × 8–18 mm,<br />
smallest 8–19 × 4–9 mm; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; styles 3, 4.9–5.3 mm, fused at base; stigmas<br />
2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial<br />
wing triangular, <strong>1.</strong>8–2.4 cm; lateral wings much smaller. 2n =<br />
52*.<br />
● Shaded moist broad-leaved forests; 500–1600 m. S Taiwan.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia lukuana but differs by its larger<br />
anthers and the leaves, which are pale green on both surfaces.<br />
25. Begonia circumlobata Hance, J. Bot. 21: 203. 1883.<br />
周 裂 秋 海 棠 zhou lie qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes elongate, 6–21 mm in<br />
diam. Leaves basal; stipules ovate, 5–8 × 3–5.5 mm, glabrous,<br />
margin entire, apex acuminate and apiculate; petiole 8–43 cm,<br />
glabrous to densely villous; blade broadly ovate to oblate-orbicular,<br />
10–24 cm, sparsely hispidulous, sparsely strigose on veins,<br />
venation palmate, base subtruncate or shallowly cordate, margin<br />
irregularly denticulate, distinctly divided; lobes 5 or 6, apex<br />
acuminate. Inflorescences 5–25 cm tall; bracts oblong, 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>4<br />
cm × 3–11 mm, glabrous, margin entire. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–4.6 cm; tepals 4, white to pink, outer 2 broadly<br />
ovate, 1–<strong>1.</strong>6 × 9–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm, abaxially sparsely brown hairy, inner<br />
2 oblong, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm × 5–8 mm; stamens ca. 100; filaments 1–<br />
2.9 mm; anthers obovoid, 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>6 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel<br />
8–17 mm; tepals 5, unequal, largest suborbicular, <strong>1.</strong>6–<strong>1.</strong>8<br />
cm × 8–11 mm, smallest oblong, ca. 12 × 6 mm; ovary pilose,<br />
2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2, fused to halfway;<br />
stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, obovoid, ca.<br />
<strong>1.</strong>3 cm × 5–6 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing ligulate,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2–2.1 cm, apex obtuse; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Jun, fr. Jul.<br />
● Shaded moist forests, scrubby vegetation; 200–1100 m. Fujian,<br />
Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia pedatifida but differs by lacking<br />
lobules.<br />
26. Begonia cirrosa L. B. Smith & Wasshausen, Phytologia 52:<br />
442. 1983.<br />
卷 毛 秋 海 棠 juan mao qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia crispula T. T. Yu, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh<br />
21: 38. 1951, not Brade (1950).<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes elongate, 8–15 mm in<br />
diam. Leaves all basal; stipules pubescent; petiole 9–12 cm,<br />
densely villous; blade abaxially pale green or reddish, obliquely<br />
broadly ovate to suborbicular, 6–18 × 6–15 cm, papery, abaxially<br />
pilose or hirsute-pilose, more densely so on veins, adaxially<br />
setose-pilose, basally 5–7-veined, tertiary veins weakly percurrent,<br />
base oblique, deeply cordate, margin denticulate, apex<br />
shortly caudate. Inflorescences with 8–12 flowers in a dichasial<br />
cyme; peduncle 15–24 cm, villous; pedicel 3–3.5 cm, red hirsute-hispid;<br />
bracts oblong to ovate-lanceolate, 4–8 mm, abaxially<br />
pubescent, margin ciliate, apex obtuse to acuminate. Staminate<br />
flowers: tepals 4, outer 2 broadly ovate to oblate, 7–17 ×
168<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
5–22 mm, inner 2 oblong, 4–14 × 2–9 mm; stamens 30–40;<br />
filaments nearly free; anthers oblong-obovoid, 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: tepals 3, outer 2 broadly ovate, 6–14 × 5–18<br />
mm, inner 1 oblong or obovate, 5–8 × 4–6 mm; ovary oblong,<br />
red hispid-hirsute, 1-loculed with parietal placentae; styles 3.<br />
Capsule nodding, oblong to ellipsoid, 1–2 cm, unequally 3-<br />
winged, larger one lunate, 4–7 mm. Fl. Mar–Apr, fr. Apr.<br />
● Limestone forests; on rocks in shaded environments; ca. 1000<br />
m. Guangxi (Jingxi, Napo), Yunnan (Funing).<br />
27. Begonia clavicaulis Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 500. 1939.<br />
腾 冲 秋 海 棠 teng chong qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, erect. Rhizomes short, stout, ca. 2.5 cm in diam.<br />
Stems ca. 60 cm. Leaves all cauline; stipules caducous; petiole<br />
4–14 cm, sparsely villous; blade oblong-ovate or oblong,<br />
asymmetric, 9–10 × 4.5–9 cm, very thin when dried, sparsely<br />
hirsute, venation palmate, 8-veined, base oblique, deeply cordate,<br />
margin denticulate, shallowly divided, 6- or 7-lobed, apex<br />
acuminate. Inflorescences few flowered, glabrous; bracts broadly<br />
elliptic to oblong, 4.6–8 × 5–5.8 mm, margin ciliate, apex<br />
acute or obtuse. Staminate flowers: pedicel 4–6 mm; tepals 4,<br />
outer 2 broadly ovate, 8–9 × 6–8 mm, outside sparsely pubescent,<br />
inner 2 broadly elliptic, 5–6 × 4–5 mm, glabrous; stamens<br />
numerous; filaments <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>8 mm, fused at base; anthers obovoid,<br />
0.4–0.6 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5,<br />
unequal, largest one broadly ovate, 6–7.3 × 4.5–7 mm, outside<br />
pubescent, smallest one broadly elliptic, 5–6 × ca. 4 mm, glabrous;<br />
ovary obliquely elliptic, 4–4.8 × 3–3.8 mm, unequally 3-<br />
winged, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, free;<br />
stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Mature fruit not available.<br />
● Shaded moist environments; ca. 2100 m. Yunnan (Tengchong).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia wenshanensis but differs by<br />
being a larger plant with oblong-ovate or oblong leaf blades.<br />
28. Begonia coptidifolia H. G. Ye et al., Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin.<br />
45: 259. 2004.<br />
阳 春 秋 海 棠 yang chun qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous, erect. Rhizomes slender. Stems 10–<br />
15(–30) cm. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules persistent, triangular,<br />
5–8 × 3–4 mm, margin entire, apex long cuspidate;<br />
petiole 5–13 cm, sparsely setulose; blade ovate to suborbicular,<br />
nearly symmetric, 10–18 × 8–15 cm, sparsely setulose, venation<br />
palmate, base cordate, margin dentate, palmately 3-cleft to<br />
base, pinna bipinnatifid; lobules narrowly elliptic-lanceolate.<br />
Inflorescences glabrous; peduncle 3.5–4(–7) cm; bracts narrowly<br />
triangular, ca. 10 × 3 mm, apex acute. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 cm; tepals 4, white, glabrous, outer 2 broadly<br />
ovate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 × <strong>1.</strong>3 cm, inner 2 ovate, ca. 12 × 8 mm; stamens<br />
numerous; filaments fused to more than halfway; anthers obovoid.<br />
Pistillate flowers: pedicel pale pinkish, <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm; tepals<br />
5, white, glabrous, unequal, largest orbicular, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>4 cm,<br />
smallest narrowly obovate, ca. 12 × 8 mm; ovary glabrous, 2-<br />
loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2, fused at base;<br />
stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged;<br />
abaxial wing ligulate or falcate, <strong>1.</strong>7–2.3 cm, apex rounded. Fl.<br />
Jul–Sep, fr. Oct–Dec. 2n = 22*.<br />
● Broad-leaved forests, on mossy rocks along shaded stream<br />
banks; ca. 600 m. Guangdong (Yangchun).<br />
This species is very rare and known only from the type locality.<br />
29. Begonia coptidimontana C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33:<br />
25<strong>1.</strong> 1995.<br />
黄 连 山 秋 海 棠 huang lian shan qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, erect. Rhizomes short, stout. Stems reddish brown<br />
to reddish, 70–120 cm, glabrous, branching twice or more.<br />
Leaves basal and cauline; stipules caducous, lanceolate, ca. 5<br />
mm, membranous, glabrous; petiole 3–5 cm, glabrous or subglabrous;<br />
blade ovate-lanceolate, 5–12 × <strong>1.</strong>8–4 cm, both surfaces<br />
sparsely hirsute, venation palmate-pinnate, base obliquely<br />
cordate, margin remotely serrulate, apex caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
glabrous, with few flowers; peduncle 2.5–5 cm,<br />
slender; bracts caducous, oblong, 3–4 × ca. 1 mm, membranous.<br />
Staminate flowers: tepals 4, pink, outer 2 broadly ovate,<br />
ca. 8 × 6 mm, outside sparsely hairy, inner 2 oblong, 5–8 × 3.5–<br />
4(–6) mm, glabrous; stamens numerous; filaments free, 1–<strong>1.</strong>5<br />
mm; anthers obovoid, ca. 1 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5, unequal,<br />
largest broadly ovate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 × <strong>1.</strong>1 cm, outside sparsely<br />
hairy, smallest oblong, ca. 8 × 5 mm, glabrous; ovary obovoidoblong,<br />
sparsely hairy when young, 3-loculed; placentae axile,<br />
bilamellate; styles 3, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule<br />
nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing falcate, <strong>1.</strong>3–2 × ca.<br />
1 cm; lateral wings triangular, 5–7 mm. Fl. Aug, fr. Sep–Oct.<br />
● Mixed bamboo, banana, and broad-leaved forests, on rocks in<br />
shaded moist environments along streams; 1700–2200 m. Yunnan (Lüchun,<br />
Wenshan).<br />
This species resembles Begonia taiwaniana in the well-branched<br />
stem and lanceolate leaves, but is distinguishable by the remotely serrulate<br />
leaves and hairy tepals and ovary.<br />
30. Begonia crocea C. I Peng, Bot. Stud. 47: 89. 2006.<br />
橙 花 秋 海 棠 cheng hua qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, acaulescent. Rhizomes elongate, to 2 cm in diam.<br />
Stipules caducous, triangular, to <strong>1.</strong>5 × 1 cm, glabrous or pilose<br />
on midvein, margin entire, apex cuspidate; petiole green, 34–41<br />
× 0.9–1 cm, densely pilose; blade broadly ovate, asymmetric, to<br />
30.5 × 24 cm, abaxially sparsely pilose, adaxially glabrous, venation<br />
palmately 9- or 10-veined, base oblique, deeply cordate,<br />
margin remotely minutely serrulate, apex acute. Inflorescences<br />
16–34 cm; peduncle 12.5–25 cm × 4–5.8 mm, glabrous; bracts<br />
ovate, to 2.1 × <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, glabrous, margin entire, apex acute. Flower<br />
buds subglobose. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>8(–3.1)<br />
cm; tepals 4, orange-red, glabrous, outer 2 ovate, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>8 × <strong>1.</strong>1–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>4 cm, inner 2 elliptic or narrowly obovate, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>8 × 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>1<br />
cm; stamens ca. 100 or more; filaments 2.5–3.5 mm, fused to<br />
halfway; anthers fusiform to obovoid, <strong>1.</strong>5–4.5 mm, apex acuminate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 5, orangered,<br />
glabrous, subequal, obovate, 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 × 0.8–1 cm; ovary ellipsoid,<br />
glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2,<br />
5–5.6 mm, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing narrowly oblong, <strong>1.</strong>7–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm<br />
× 8–8.5 mm, apex obtuse; lateral wings smaller, 6.5–7 mm.<br />
● Forests; ca. 1200 m. S Yunnan (Jiangcheng).
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 169<br />
This species is similar to Begonia megalophyllaria but can be distinguished<br />
by the hairy habit and orange-red tepals.<br />
3<strong>1.</strong> Begonia crystallina Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen, Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 27: 360. 2005.<br />
水 晶 秋 海 棠 shui jing qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, 6–12 cm, 0.8–1<br />
cm in diam.; internodes 0.2–0.3 mm, hirsute-pilose. Leaves all<br />
basal; stipules reflexed, triangular, 5–7 × 3–4 mm, glabrous,<br />
apex acuminate; petiole 17–25 cm, hirsute-villous; blade broadly<br />
ovate, 12–23 × 11–23 cm, thickly papery, abaxially densely<br />
strigose-pilose on veins, adaxially moderately setulose, hairs<br />
with slightly tuberculate bases, basally 6- or 7-veined, tertiary<br />
veins percurrent and densely reticulate, base obliquely cordate,<br />
margin serrulate and ciliate, apex obtuse. Inflorescences 10–15<br />
flowered in a dichasial cyme; peduncle 10–18 cm, sparsely<br />
hirsute; bracts ovate, 2–3 × <strong>1.</strong>5–2 mm, subglabrous, margin ciliate,<br />
apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicels 1–<strong>1.</strong>1 cm, subglabrous;<br />
tepals 4, glabrous, outer 2 pink, orbicular, 0.9–1 cm in<br />
diam., inner 2 pinkish, narrowly oblong, 10–11 × ca. 2 mm; stamens<br />
numerous; filaments nearly free; anthers oblong, 0.8–0.9<br />
× 0.6–0.7 mm, apex emarginate or orbicular. Pistillate flowers:<br />
tepals 3, glabrous, outer 2 pink, orbicular, 7–8 mm in diam.,<br />
inner 1 pinkish, oblong; ovary coniform, ca. 1 cm, glabrous, 3-<br />
winged, 1-loculed with parietal placentation; styles 3, free, ca. 1<br />
mm. Capsule nodding, broadly ovoid, ca. 6 × 6 mm; wings 3,<br />
lunate, larger one 2–3 mm, apex subtruncate. Fl. Aug–Jan.<br />
● On crystalline rocks in limestone caves. Yunnan (Malipo).<br />
32. Begonia cucurbitifolia C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33:<br />
268. 1995.<br />
瓜 叶 秋 海 棠 gua ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes 8–11 mm in diam. Stems<br />
ca. 4 cm, glabrous. Leaves all basal; stipules caducous, lanceolate,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, membranous, glabrous; petiole 22–26 cm, glabrous;<br />
blade orbicular, nearly symmetric, 14–16.2 × 14–16 cm,<br />
subleathery, both surfaces subglabrous, venation palmate, 3- or<br />
4-veined, base shallowly cordate to obtuse, margin remotely<br />
and minutely serrulate, divided to 1/2 of leaf length or more, 3-<br />
or 4-lobed; lobes oblong or somewhat ovate, apex acuminate to<br />
caudate. Inflorescences to 27 cm tall, subglabrous; bracts caducous.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 4, white, glabrous,<br />
outer 2 narrowly ovate or triangular-ovate, ca. 2.5 × <strong>1.</strong>3<br />
cm, inner 2 oblong, ca. 15 × 5 mm, apex acute. Pistillate flowers<br />
not seen. Capsule nodding, ellipsoid, ca. 17 × 8 mm, glabrous,<br />
2-loculed, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing ovate-oblong,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>7 × <strong>1.</strong>4 cm, apex rounded; lateral wings lunate, 5–7<br />
mm; placentae axile, bilamellate. Fl. Aug, fr. Aug. 2n = 44*.<br />
● Forests, on rocks, in moist environments in valleys; ca. 400 m.<br />
Yunnan (Hekou).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia paucilobata but differs by its 3-<br />
or 4-lobed leaves.<br />
33. Begonia curvicarpa S. M. Ku et al., Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin.<br />
45: 353. 2004.<br />
弯 果 秋 海 棠 wan guo qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizome elongate, sparsely hairy; internodes<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–5.5 cm. Leaves all basal; stipules triangular, ca. 10<br />
× 9 mm, margin entire; petiole 7–17 cm, hirsute-villous; blade<br />
obliquely broadly ovate to orbicular, 4–19 × 3–12 cm, papery,<br />
abaxially villous, adaxially pilose, basally 6- or 7-veined, tertiary<br />
veins weakly percurrent and reticulate, base obliquely<br />
deeply cordate, margin denticulate or dentate and ciliate, apex<br />
acute to acuminate. Inflorescences axillary, flowers 3–5 in 1–3<br />
times branched dichasial cyme; peduncle 9–12 cm, glabrous;<br />
bracts oblong, elliptic to ovate, 4–10 × 3–6 mm, margin serrateciliate,<br />
apex obtuse. Staminate flowers: tepals 4, glabrous, outer<br />
2 broadly ovate to ovate-orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, inner<br />
2 oblanceolate, ca. 12 × 6 mm; stamens 35–40; filaments nearly<br />
free, ca. 2 mm; anthers obovoid-oblong, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 mm, apex subemarginate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: tepals 3, glabrous, outer 2 broadly<br />
ovate to ovate-orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>7 × <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, inner 1 obtrullate<br />
to oblanceolate; ovary glabrous, ± curved, 1-loculed<br />
with parietal placentation; styles 3, fused to 1/3. Capsule nodding,<br />
manifestly crooked, 11–14 × 8–9 mm, glabrous, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing 8–8.5 mm. Fl. Aug–Nov, fr. Oct–<br />
Dec. 2n = 30 *.<br />
● On limestone rocks or at entrances to semishaded to shaded,<br />
slightly moist caves. Guangxi (Rong’an, Yongfu).<br />
34. Begonia cylindrica D. R. Liang & X. X. Chen, Bull. Bot.<br />
Res., Harbin 13: 217. 1993.<br />
柱 果 秋 海 棠 zhu guo qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizome elongate. Leaf basal; stipules ovate-triangular,<br />
6–11 mm, glabrous, apex acuminate and with short<br />
awns; petiole reddish, 2–13 cm, sparsely hairy when young;<br />
blade peltate, broadly ovate or suborbicular, slightly asymmetric,<br />
5–11 × 4.5–8 cm, thickly papery, glabrous or subglabrous,<br />
venation palmate, 6-veined, base oblique, rounded, margin remotely<br />
serrate, apex shortly caudate. Inflorescences 4–10 cm<br />
tall, shorter than petiole, glabrous; with 2–8 flowers; bracts caducous.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 0.8–2 cm; tepals 4, white to<br />
pinkish, glabrous, outer 2 oblate-orbicular, 4–11 × 4–12 mm,<br />
glabrous, inner 2 narrow, oblong or lanceolate, 3–7 × <strong>1.</strong>2–3<br />
mm, apex obtuse; stamens 25–50; filaments 0.4–<strong>1.</strong>1 mm; anthers<br />
obovoid to oblong, 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm, apex truncate. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel 4–8 mm; tepals 3, glabrous, usually persistent<br />
at fruiting stage, outer 2 broadly obovate or suborbicular, 4–8 ×<br />
4–8 mm, inner 1 oblong-obovate, <strong>1.</strong>5–5 × 1–2 mm; ovary oblong,<br />
terete, glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3, fused at base; stigma 2-cleft, U-shaped. Fruit berrylike,<br />
clavate, descending or deflexed, <strong>1.</strong>5–2.4 cm × 2–4 mm, wingless.<br />
Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.<br />
● Forests, on limestone rocks in shaded moist environments.<br />
Guangxi (Longzhou).<br />
35. Begonia daweishanensis S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta<br />
Bot. Yunnan. 16: 337. 1994.<br />
大 围 山 秋 海 棠 da wei shan qiu hai tang<br />
Creeping herbs. Rhizome elongate. Stem 5–10(–17) cm.<br />
Leaves mostly basal; stipules ovate, <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm, pubescent,<br />
margin entire, apex cuspidate; petiole 15–30 cm, densely pubescent;<br />
blade ovate, asymmetric, 8–12 × 7–10 cm, abaxially pu-
170<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
berulous, more densely so on veins, adaxially subglabrous to<br />
sparsely hairy, venation palmate, base cordate, margin irregularly<br />
serrulate, very shallowly lobed, apex caudate-acuminate.<br />
Inflorescences puberulous; peduncle ca. 13 cm. Bracts oblong,<br />
to <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, apex acute. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 cm;<br />
tepals 4, pink, outer 2 broadly ovate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 × <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, outside<br />
puberulous, inner 2 oblong, 7–8 × ca. 5 mm, glabrous; filaments<br />
1–<strong>1.</strong>2 mm; anthers numerous, oblong-obovoid, ca. 1 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 cm; tepals 5, pink, unequal, 1–<strong>1.</strong>8 ×<br />
4–10 cm, abaxially puberulous; ovary puberulous, 2-loculed;<br />
placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled.<br />
Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing ligulate or<br />
falcate, ca. 18 × 8 mm, apex rounded; lateral wings smaller, ca.<br />
12 × 6 mm.<br />
● Broad-leaved forests, moist places; 1400–1800 m. Yunnan (Pingbian).<br />
This species resembles Begonia dryadis but differs by its welldeveloped,<br />
elongate rhizome and the predominantly basal leaves.<br />
36. Begonia daxinensis T. C. Ku, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35: 45.<br />
1997.<br />
大 新 秋 海 棠 da xin qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia zhangii D. Fang & D. H. Qin.<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes elongate. Leaves all basal;<br />
stipules caducous, ovate, 6–12 mm, abaxially villous on veins<br />
when young, apex awned; petiole 5–14 cm, sparsely to moderately<br />
villous; blade adaxially green, with a whitish ringshaped<br />
belt, obliquely ovate to suborbicular, 10–24 × 10–17<br />
cm, herbaceous or papery, abaxially subglabrous or scaberulous,<br />
adaxially glabrous, basally 6- or 7-veined, tertiary veins<br />
weakly percurrent, base cordate, margin denticulate, apex shortly<br />
caudate. Inflorescences axillary; peduncle 13–20 cm, pilose<br />
or sparsely villous; flowers white or pinkish, 4–10 in 3–4 times<br />
branched dichasial cyme. Staminate flowers: tepals 4, outer 2<br />
broadly elliptic or broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>9 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm, abaxially<br />
glandular pilose, inner 2 obovate or broadly oblanceolate, 12–<br />
14 × 4–5 mm, glabrous; stamens 16–27. Pistillate flowers: tepals<br />
3, outer 2 suborbicular, 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm, abaxially glandular<br />
pilose, inner 1 obovate, 5–7.5 × 2–5 mm; ovary 1-loculed<br />
with parietal placentation. Capsule nodding, ovate-oblong, 13–<br />
20 × 6–8 mm, glabrous, subequally 3-winged; wings lunate, 3–7<br />
mm. Fl. Mar–Jun, fr. Apr–Jun.<br />
● Limestone hills, shaded rocky places. Guangxi (Daxin,<br />
Long’an).<br />
37. Begonia debaoensis C. I Peng et al., Bot. Stud. 47: 207.<br />
2006.<br />
德 保 秋 海 棠 de bao qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia bonii Gagnepain var. remotisetulosa Y. M. Shui &<br />
W. H. Chen.<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes 20–60 cm, slender, 2.5–6<br />
mm in diam.; internodes <strong>1.</strong>5–3.5 cm. Leaves basal; stipules triangular<br />
to ovate-triangular, 4–9 × 4–6 mm, apex acute or obtuse;<br />
petiole 5–12 cm, <strong>1.</strong>5–3 mm in diam., villous; blade adaxially<br />
green or dark green on veins, otherwise whitish or pale<br />
green, broadly ovate or suborbicular, 5–9.5 × 3.6–6.8 cm,<br />
basally 5- or 6-veined, tertiary veins percurrent and loosely<br />
reticulate. Inflorescences axillary, flowers 4–7 in a dichasial<br />
cyme; peduncle 6–15 cm, glabrous; bracts ovate to orbicular, 3–<br />
5 × 3–4 mm, margin ciliate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 9–17<br />
mm; tepals 4, outer 2 pink toward margin, whitish in middle,<br />
suborbicular, 6–11 × 7–12 mm, inner 2 oblong or narrowly obovate,<br />
8–10 × 3–4 mm; stamens abnormal, base with exposed<br />
ovulelike structures, apex forming a stigmalike structure, without<br />
anthers. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 7–11 mm, sometimes with<br />
a bracteole; tepals 3, caducous or nearly so, outer 2 tepals bicolored<br />
as staminate flowers, suborbicular, 5–11 × 5–11 mm,<br />
inner 2 tepals oblong or narrowly obovate, 4–7 × 2.5–3.5 mm,<br />
apex obtuse; ovary ellipsoid, 5–8 × 3.7–4.1 mm, unequally or<br />
subequally 3-winged, 1-loculed with parietal placentation; abaxial<br />
wing lunate, 3–5 × 5–7 mm; styles 3, fused in proximal<br />
1/4. Capsule not developed. Fl. Aug–Jan. 2n = 30*.<br />
● Walls of caves at bases of steep limestone hills. W Guangxi<br />
(Debao).<br />
38. Begonia dentatobracteata C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin.<br />
33: 254. 1995 [“dentato-bracteata”].<br />
齿 苞 秋 海 棠 chi bao qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm in diam. Leaves 2-<br />
or 3-fasciculate on tuber; stipules membranous, caducous; petiole<br />
13–16.5 cm, glabrous or subglabrous; blade oblong-ovate or<br />
oblong, slightly asymmetric, 11–14 × 6.9–8.8 cm, abaxially hispidulous<br />
on veins, adaxially sparsely hispidulous, base cordate,<br />
margin serrulate, undivided, apex caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
terminal, racemose at base, ca. 26 cm tall; bracts oblong<br />
to obovate, membranous, apex (2 or)3–5 toothed. Staminate<br />
flowers: tepals 4, pink, outer 2 broadly ovate, 4–5 × 3–3.5 mm,<br />
inner 2 oblong, ca. 2.5 × 1 mm; stamens numerous; filaments<br />
fused to halfway; anthers oblong, ca. 1 mm. Pistillate flowers:<br />
tepals not seen; ovary 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3, free; stigmas U-shaped. Capsule pendulous, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing oblate-orbicular, 7–13 × 7–12 mm,<br />
apex acute or obtuse; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.<br />
● Broad-leaved forests, on rocky cliffs in shaded environments;<br />
1600–1900 m. W Yunnan (Pianma).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia labordei and probably can only<br />
be separated by its distinctly dentate bracts with 3–5 teeth at the apices.<br />
39. Begonia dielsiana E. Pritzel, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 479. 1900.<br />
南 川 秋 海 棠 nan chuan qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizome <strong>1.</strong>2–3.5 cm in diam. Stem very short.<br />
Leaves mostly arising from rhizome; stipules caducous; petiole<br />
16–50 cm, glabrous; blade broadly oblong-ovate, asymmetric,<br />
9–17 × 7–15 cm, both surfaces glabrous or adaxially sparsely<br />
hairy, venation palmate, 6-veined, base oblique, deeply cordate,<br />
margin remotely serrulate, very shallowly divided, 5–10-lobed;<br />
lobes triangular or broadly triangular, apex acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
9–24 cm tall, glabrous; bracts caducous. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel 2–2.7 cm; tepals 4, white to pinkish, glabrous,<br />
outer 2 orbicular or broadly ovate, 2–2.5 × ca. 2 cm, inner 2<br />
oblong, ca. 2 × 1 cm; stamens numerous; filaments 2.5–3 mm;<br />
anthers oblong-obovoid, ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel 2.7–3.1 cm; ovary obovoid, glabrous; unequal-
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 171<br />
ly 3-winged, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; tepals 6,<br />
white to pinkish, glabrous, outer 3 narrowly obovate, 2.1–2.3 ×<br />
<strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm, inner 3 broadly oblanceolate, 2.3–2.6 × <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>6<br />
cm; styles 2, 6.2–6.6 mm, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled.<br />
Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing larger,<br />
elliptic to falcate, apex rounded. Fl. Jul.<br />
● On rocks in shaded moist environments by streams or in valleys;<br />
1000–1300 m. Chongqing (Nanchuan), Hubei (Lichuan), Sichuan<br />
(Emei Shan).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia emeiensis but differs by its glabrous<br />
leaves.<br />
40. Begonia digyna Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 6:<br />
352. 1927.<br />
槭 叶 秋 海 棠 qi ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous, 25–37 cm tall. Rhizomes ca. 1 cm in<br />
diam. Stems erect or ascending, sparsely hairy. Leaves mostly<br />
basal; stipules caducous; petiole 1–2.5 cm, rusty hairy; blade<br />
broadly ovate to orbicular, slightly asymmetric, 7–15(–18) × 7–<br />
13(–20) cm, thin when dried, sparsely pilose, apex acuminate,<br />
venation palmate, base cordate, obliquely cordate, margin serrulate,<br />
distinctly lobed, divided to 1/2 of leaf length, 6- or 7-<br />
lobed; lobes triangular-ovate, middle lobe divided with 1 lobule.<br />
Inflorescences sparsely hairy; peduncle 18–20 cm; bracts<br />
caducous. Staminate flowers: pedicel 2.5–3 cm; tepals 4, pink,<br />
outer 2 broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>7–2 × <strong>1.</strong>8–2.1 cm, abaxially pilose,<br />
inner 2 oblong-obovate, <strong>1.</strong>5–2 cm × 9–11 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>8 mm; anthers obovoid-oblong, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>5<br />
mm, apex slightly emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>7–<br />
2.1 cm, hairy; tepals 5, unequal, largest one broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>6–<br />
2.1 × <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm, abaxially villous, smallest one oblong-elliptic,<br />
ca. 11 × 7 mm, glabrous; ovary elliptic, 8–10 × 5–6 mm,<br />
pilose, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2, 5–6.5<br />
mm; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, ellipsoid, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing triangular or broadly ligulate,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm × 9–10 mm, apex rounded; lateral wings oblate-triangular.<br />
Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.<br />
● Forests; on rocks in shaded moist environments by streams or in<br />
valleys; 500–700 m. Fujian, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia edulis but differs by its sparsely<br />
pilose, distinctly lobed leaves.<br />
4<strong>1.</strong> Begonia discrepans Irmscher, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 100.<br />
1953.<br />
细 茎 秋 海 棠 xi jing qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia tenuicaulis Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 543. 1939, not A. Candolle (1859).<br />
Herbs. Rhizome unknown. Stem ca. 40 cm, 4–5 mm in<br />
diam., brown hairy. Stipules obliquely triangular-ovate, 9–10 ×<br />
4–7 mm, abaxially hirsute on veins, apex acute or obtuse. Petiole<br />
0.9–5 cm, sparsely hirsute; blade ovate, asymmetric, 6–12 ×<br />
2.9–7.3 cm, adaxially sparsely hirsute, venation palmate-pinnate,<br />
5–7-veined, more densely so on veins, base cordate, margin<br />
serrulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences pilose; peduncle<br />
3.5–6.5 cm; bracts ovate-oblong or ovate, 10–13 × 7–9 mm,<br />
membranous, margin and outside pilose, apex acuminate and<br />
long cuspidate. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>6 cm, hispidulous;<br />
tepals 4, outer 2 elliptic-ovate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>1 cm, outside<br />
hirsute, inner 2 broadly ovate, ca. 8.5 × 6.2 mm, glabrous;<br />
stamens numerous; filaments 1–<strong>1.</strong>4 mm; anthers obovoidoblong,<br />
0.9–<strong>1.</strong>2 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5, outside hirsute;<br />
ovary oblong, subequally 3-winged, 2-loculed; styles 2, fused at<br />
base. Capsule not seen.<br />
● Yunnan (Tengchong).<br />
The description is based on the type gathering.<br />
42. Begonia discreta Craib, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1930: 410.<br />
1930.<br />
景 洪 秋 海 棠 jing hong qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers ca. 7 mm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules caducous; petiole 3–8.5 cm; blade oblong or oblongovate,<br />
asymmetric, 4.5–13 × 3.5–9 cm, abaxially sparsely brown<br />
pilose on veins, adaxially sparsely brown pilose or subglabrous,<br />
venation palmate, 7(–9)-veined, base obliquely cordate, margin<br />
serrulate, apex acuminate or acute. Inflorescences terminal,<br />
3.5–7 cm tall, subglabrous; bracts caducous. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 5–10 mm; tepals 4, outer 2 elliptic, ca. 11 × 7 mm, outside<br />
remotely villous, inner 2 oblong-oblanceolate, ca. 10 × 2.5<br />
mm, glabrous; stamens 12; filaments fused at base; anthers ca.<br />
1 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 5–10 mm; tepals similar to<br />
those of staminate flowers, but slightly smaller; ovary 3-loculed;<br />
placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, ca. 2 mm, fused to<br />
halfway; stigmas lunate. Capsule pendulous, narrowly obovoid,<br />
ca. 6 × 5 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular, ca. 7<br />
× 5 mm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Sep–Oct.<br />
Scrubby vegetation; ca. 800 m. Yunnan (Jinghong) [Thailand].<br />
The type was collected from Thailand.<br />
43. Begonia dryadis Irmscher, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh<br />
21: 4<strong>1.</strong> 195<strong>1.</strong><br />
厚 叶 秋 海 棠 hou ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes short, stout, 8–24 mm in diam. Stems<br />
erect, to ca. 60 cm tall, densely puberulous when young. Leaves<br />
cauline; stipules caducous; petiole 18–42 cm, puberulous; blade<br />
ovate or broadly ovate, asymmetric, 9–30 × 7.5–24 cm, abaxially<br />
sparsely puberulous, more densely so on veins, adaxially<br />
subglabrous, venation palmate, 6- or 7-veined, base obliquely<br />
cordate, margin remotely and indistinctly denticulate, apex caudate.<br />
Inflorescences puberulous when young; peduncle 4–12<br />
cm; bracts rhomboid-ovate, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm × 4–18 mm, membranous,<br />
puberulous, apex acute. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>4–<br />
2.1 cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 narrowly ovate, 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>5 × 0.8–2<br />
cm, abaxially puberulous, inner 2 oblong, 8–15 × 5–15 mm;<br />
stamens 100–160; filaments 1–6.7 mm; anthers oblong, 0.7–<br />
2.5 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 cm; ovary puberulous,<br />
2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; tepals 5(or 6), largest<br />
one broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>6 × <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm, abaxially puberulous,<br />
smallest one elliptic, 10–16 × 7–13 mm; styles 2, 5–6.3<br />
mm, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding,<br />
ellipsoid, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing ca. <strong>1.</strong>8<br />
× <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, apex rounded; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Nov–Dec, fr.<br />
Dec. 2n = 22*.
172<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
● Forest understories, by streams in valleys; 600–1200 m. S Yunnan.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia daweishanensis but can be distinguished<br />
by its short, stout rhizome and the presence of cauline leaves.<br />
44. Begonia duclouxii Gagnepain, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.<br />
25: 198. 1919.<br />
川 边 秋 海 棠 chuan bian qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, 5–7 mm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules oblong, 8–10 mm, apex shortly cuspidate; petiole<br />
(7–)8–14 cm, rusty villous; blade ovate, asymmetric, 6–8 × 5–6<br />
cm, abaxially villous, adaxially hairy, hairs to 6 mm, venation<br />
palmate, 5–7-veined, base deeply cordate, margin irregularly serrate,<br />
apex acute or shortly acuminate. Inflorescences 9–18 cm<br />
tall, glabrous; peduncle ca. 15 cm, glabrous; bracts oblong, ciliate.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 4, outer 2<br />
ovate-orbicular or broadly ovate, 11–15 × 8–12 mm, abaxially<br />
hairy, inner 2 oblong, 8–10 × 2.5–5 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm; anthers obovoid-ellipsoid, 1–<strong>1.</strong>3 mm, apex<br />
emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm; ovary villous,<br />
2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; tepals 4 or 5, largest orbicular<br />
or broadly ovate, 7–10 × 7–8.5 mm, outside pilose,<br />
smallest oblong or obovate-oblong, 6–8 × 3–5 mm, glabrous;<br />
styles 2, free or fused to halfway; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled.<br />
Capsule unequally 3-winged. Fl. Jun, fr. Aug.<br />
● 1000–1400 m. NE Yunnan (Suijiang).<br />
45. Begonia edulis H. Léveillé, Repert. <strong>Sp</strong>ec. Nov. Regni Veg.<br />
7: 20. 1909.<br />
食 用 秋 海 棠 shi yong qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, 40–60 cm tall. Rhizomes elongate, 8–15 mm in<br />
diam. Stems erect, glabrous or subglabrous. Leaves basal and<br />
cauline; stipules triangular-lanceolate, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, membranous,<br />
glabrous, apex acuminate; petiole 15–25 cm, subglabrous;<br />
blade orbicular or oblate-orbicular, slightly asymmetric, 16–20<br />
× 15–21 cm, abaxially subglabrous or sparsely hairy on veins,<br />
adaxially sparsely hairy when young, venation palmate, 6–8-<br />
veined, base cordate, margin remotely denticulate, shallowly<br />
lobed, divided to ca. 1/3 of leaf length; lobes broadly triangular,<br />
apex acuminate. Inflorescences 16–26 cm tall, subglabrous or<br />
glabrous; peduncle 4–15 cm. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>3–<br />
2.8 cm; tepals 4, glabrous, outer 2 ovate-triangular, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 ×<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm, inner 2 oblong, 11–15 × 7–10 mm; stamens 140–<br />
200; filaments <strong>1.</strong>3–5.9 mm, fused at base; anthers oblong, 0.8–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>6 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–2.5 cm; tepals 5 or 6,<br />
glabrous, unequal, largest broadly obovate, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm × 8–15<br />
mm, smallest narrowly oblong, 11–20 × 5–14 mm; ovary glabrous,<br />
2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2, 4.7–5.9<br />
mm; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm;<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing oblong to falcate, 1–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm;<br />
lateral wings smaller. Fl. Jun–Sep, fr. Aug.<br />
Forests; on shaded moist rocks or forest floor; 500–1500 m.<br />
Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan [Vietnam].<br />
This species is similar to Begonia palmata but differs by its glabrous<br />
tepals and ovary.<br />
46. Begonia emeiensis C. M. Hu ex C. Y. Wu & T. C. Ku, Acta<br />
Phytotax. Sin. 33: 273. 1995.<br />
峨 眉 秋 海 棠 e mei qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, perennial. Rhizome terete, oblique, stout, with numerous<br />
slender fibrous roots. Stem short, 4(–20) cm tall or<br />
stemless. Basal leaf 1 similar to cauline ones, with long petiole;<br />
stipules caducous; petiole 17–27 cm, angular, glabrous;<br />
blade abaxially pale green, adaxially deep green or browngreen,<br />
ovate-oblong, 12–14 × 11–13 cm, abaxially subglabrous,<br />
adaxially subglabrous or sparsely hispidulous, palmately 6-<br />
veined, base deeply cordate, margin unequally shortly<br />
triangularly toothed (teeth apically awned), apex caudateacuminate.<br />
Scape 13–20 cm tall, angular, glabrous; flowers<br />
pink, usually 2–4 in dichotomous cyme; peduncle 13–15 cm,<br />
angular, glabrous; pedicel (0.8–)2–3 cm, glabrous; bracts<br />
caducous. Staminate flower: tepals 4, outer 2 large, oblong,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>8 × 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, apex rounded; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments 2–2.5 mm, free; anthers oblong, ca. 1 mm. Pistillate<br />
flower: tepals 5 or 6, unequal, variable in shape, outer 2<br />
broadly obovate, <strong>1.</strong>2–2.1 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm, apex rounded,<br />
innermost 1 obovate-lanceolate, ca. 1 × 5–6 mm, apex<br />
rounded; ovary oblong or obovoid, ca. 10 × 5 mm, glabrous,<br />
unequally 3-winged, 2-loculed, placentae bilamellate; styles 2,<br />
short; stigma branched, spirally tortuous and papillose all<br />
around. Mature fruit unknown. Fl. Jul–Aug, fr. Sep.<br />
● In shrubs by stream banks; 900–1000 m. Sichuan (Emei Shan).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia dielsiana but differs by its adaxially<br />
hispidulous leaf blade.<br />
47. Begonia fangii Y. M. Shui & C. I Peng, Bot. Bull. Acad.<br />
Sin. 46: 83. 2005.<br />
方 氏 秋 海 棠 fang shi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes elongate, 8–15 mm in diam.;<br />
internodes to 8–15 cm, sparsely villous. Leaves palmately compound;<br />
stipules triangular to narrowly so, 12–15 × 9–12 mm;<br />
petiole 6–20 cm; leaflets 3–6, abaxially reddish brown, adaxially<br />
dark green, lanceolate, 7–15 × 2.5–4.5 cm, subleathery,<br />
abaxially sericeous on veins, apex acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
axillary; peduncle to 22 cm, sparsely to moderately pubescent;<br />
bracts caducous, oblong to ovate, 8–13 × 6–9 mm, abaxially<br />
glabrous or subglabrous, apex acute to obtuse. Staminate flowers:<br />
tepals 4, pinkish, outer 2 broadly ovate to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>6–2.2<br />
× 2–2.2 cm, abaxially pilose; inner 2 oblanceolate to obtrullate;<br />
stamens 25–55; filaments nearly free; anthers oblong, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>7<br />
mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals 3, pinkish, outer 2 broadly ovate<br />
to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm, abaxially pilose; inner tepal<br />
8–10 × ca. 5 mm; ovary subglabrous, 1-loculed with parietal<br />
placentation; styles 3, fused at base. Capsule nodding, 12–15 ×<br />
6–7 mm, abaxial wing 4–6 × 12–15 mm. Fl. Dec–Apr, fr. Feb–<br />
Jun. 2n = 30*.<br />
● On limestone rocks in forests; 400–700 m. Guangxi (Longzhou).<br />
This species resembles Begonia hemsleyana by the palmately<br />
compound leaves, but can be distinguished by the horizontal stem, pistillate<br />
flower with 3 tepals, 3 stigmas, 1-loculed ovary, and parietal placentae.
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 173<br />
48. Begonia fenicis Merrill, Philipp. J. Sci. 3: 42<strong>1.</strong> 1909.<br />
兰 屿 秋 海 棠 lan yu qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia kotoensis Hayata.<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes elongate, to <strong>1.</strong>9 cm in diam.<br />
Leaves basal; stipules ovate to triangular, to 2.1 × <strong>1.</strong>8 cm, glabrous,<br />
apex mucronate, acuminate; petiole 7–31 cm, glabrous;<br />
blade broadly ovate to orbicular, asymmetric, 7–26 × 6–21 cm,<br />
glabrous or abaxially remotely scaberulous, venation palmate,<br />
7–10-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin irregularly denticulate,<br />
apex mucronate to acuminate. Inflorescences 17–53 cm,<br />
glabrous; bracts caducous, orbicular to oblate, to <strong>1.</strong>4 × <strong>1.</strong>8 cm,<br />
glabrous, margin entire and often reflexed, apex retuse to apiculate.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 8–10 mm; tepals 4, outer 2 obovate<br />
to orbicular, 0.9–2.5 × 0.8–2.2 cm, inner 2 oblanceolate to<br />
narrowly obovate, 0.8–2.3 cm × 4–11 mm; stamens 39–58; filaments<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2–2.3 mm; anthers broadly oblong, <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>8 mm, apex<br />
obtuse. Pistillate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–2 cm; tepals 5(or 6), unequal,<br />
oblanceolate to broadly obovate, largest 0.8–2.1 × 0.7–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, smallest 0.7–18 cm × 4–8 mm; ovary glabrous, 3-<br />
loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, fused at base;<br />
stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged;<br />
abaxial wing transversely elliptic, 6–10 mm; lateral wings lunate,<br />
3–8 mm. Fl. May–Oct. 2n = 26*.<br />
Margins of coastal forests, raised coral rocks by seashores; below<br />
100 m. Taiwan (Huoshao Dao, Lan Yu) [Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Philippines<br />
(Bataan Islands)].<br />
49. Begonia filiformis Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 52<strong>1.</strong> 1939.<br />
丝 形 秋 海 棠 si xing qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes creeping, tortuous, 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm in diam.<br />
Leaves all basal; stipules caducous, triangular, 0.5–1 × 0.5–0.7<br />
cm, apex awned; petiole 5–15 cm; blade adaxially green, with<br />
white spot between veins, obliquely ovate to suborbicular, 9–22<br />
× 9–14 cm, papery, abaxially woolly-villous, more densely so<br />
on veins, adaxially papillose-tomentose or setose-tomentose,<br />
venation palmate, 7-veined, tertiary veins weakly percurrent,<br />
base deeply cordate, margin shallowly and densely serrate, apex<br />
acuminate or shortly caudate. Inflorescences axillary; peduncle<br />
22–40 cm, glandular hispid; bracts oblong-lanceolate, 4–7 ×<br />
<strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm, margin long ciliate or serrate-ciliate, apex awned.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–2.3 cm, glandular hispid; tepals 4,<br />
outer 2 ovate or suborbicular, 8–12 × 7–8 mm, adaxially glandular<br />
hispid, apex acute or rounded, inner 2 oblong, 5–7 × 2.2–<br />
2.6 mm, apex rounded; stamens numerous; filaments ca. <strong>1.</strong>5<br />
mm; anthers obovoid, 0.5–0.8 mm, apex ± emarginate. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–3 cm, glandular hispid; tepals 3, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate, 7–10 × 8–10 mm, adaxially glandular hispid,<br />
inner 1 oblong, 5–6 × 2.2–2.8 mm; ovary elliptic, glandular hispid,<br />
1-loculed; styles 3, fused at base; stigmas spiraled. Capsule<br />
nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing ligulate or lunate,<br />
4–7.5 mm; lateral wings smaller, subtriangular or lunate. Fl.<br />
(Mar–)Apr–Jun, fr. May.<br />
● On limestone rocks or in moist rocky caves of forest understories.<br />
Guangxi (Long’an, Longzhou).<br />
50. Begonia fimbribracteata Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen, Acta<br />
Bot. Yunnan. 27: 362. 2005.<br />
须 苞 秋 海 棠 xu bao qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes 7–10 cm, 2–10 mm in<br />
diam., glabrous, internodes 0.2–0.4 mm, apex acuminate. Leaves<br />
all basal; stipules triangular, ca. 5 × 3 mm, subglabrous; petiole<br />
9–15 cm, with sparse strigae 1–2 mm; blade broadly ovate, 6–7<br />
× 5–6 cm, papery, rugose and conically bullate, abaxially sparsely<br />
strigose on veins and notched on areolae, adaxially sparsely<br />
tumid-based setose, basally 6- or 7-veined, tertiary veins percurrent<br />
and loosely reticulate, base obliquely cordate, margin<br />
ciliate and serrulate, apex rounded. Inflorescences with ca. 5<br />
flowers in a dichasial cyme; peduncle 10–16 cm, sparsely hairy;<br />
bracts oblong, ca. 4 × 3 mm, glabrous, margin serrulate and fimbriate-ciliate.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicels <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, sparsely<br />
hairy; tepals 4, outer 2 pink, broadly obovate, 8–9 × 7–8 mm,<br />
sometimes abaxially sparsely pilose, inner 2 pinkish, oblongobovate;<br />
stamens numerous; filaments nearly free, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>4 mm;<br />
anthers broadly oblong, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>2 × <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>6 mm, apex obtuse.<br />
Pistillate flowers: tepals 3, outer 2 pink, orbicular, 0.5–0.6 cm<br />
in diam., glabrous, inner 1 white, obovate; ovary obconiform,<br />
4–5 mm, sparsely hairy, 1-loculed with parietal placentation;<br />
styles 3, free, 1–<strong>1.</strong>1 mm; wings 3, subequal, lunate. Capsules unknown.<br />
Fl. Jun.<br />
● Limestone hills; ca. 300 m. Guangxi (Donglan).<br />
5<strong>1.</strong> Begonia fimbristipula Hance, J. Bot. 21: 202. 1883.<br />
紫 背 天 葵 zi bei tian kui<br />
Begonia cyclophylla J. D. Hooker.<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers 7–8 mm in diam. Leaf solitary;<br />
stipules ovate-lanceolate, 3–7 × 2–4 mm, apex acute and cuspidate;<br />
petiole 3–1<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, villous; blade broadly ovate, 6–13 ×<br />
4.8–8.5 cm, nearly symmetric, rugulose, abaxially hairy, adaxially<br />
sparsely pubescent, venation palmate, 7(or 8)-veined, base<br />
slightly oblique, cordate or deeply cordate, margin denticulate,<br />
apex acute or shortly acuminate. Inflorescences terminal, cymose,<br />
6–18 cm tall, glabrous; bracts oblong, 3–4 × <strong>1.</strong>5–2.5<br />
mm, glabrous, apex obtuse or acute. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–2 cm; tepals 4, pale pink to purplish pink, glabrous, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate, 8–13 × 8–10 mm, inner 2 obovate-oblong, 7–<br />
12.5 × 4–5 mm; stamens 50–60; filaments 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm; anthers<br />
oblong or obovoid-oblong, 0.6–1 mm, apex emarginate or obtuse.<br />
Pistillate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 3, pale pink to<br />
purplish pink, glabrous, outer 2 oblate or orbicular, 6–8 × 9–11<br />
mm, inner 1 oblanceolate, 6.1–9.2 × 2.8–4.2 mm; ovary 5–6<br />
mm, glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3,<br />
2.8–3 mm, free or fused to halfway; stigmas U-shaped. Capsule<br />
pendulous, ovoid-oblong, ca. 11 × 7–8 mm, unequally 3-winged;<br />
abaxial wing triangular, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm; lateral wings ca. 3 mm. Fl.<br />
May, fr. Jun. 2n = 22*.<br />
● Forest understories, on rocks or on soil of slopes; 700–1100 m.<br />
Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.<br />
The leaves of this species are harvested and dried for brewing a<br />
beverage (i.e., a tea) in Guangdong.
174<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
52. Begonia flaviflora H. Hara, J. Jap. Bot. 45: 9<strong>1.</strong> 1970.<br />
黄 花 秋 海 棠 huang hua qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping. Stem erect, 20–<br />
30 cm, brown tomentose when young. Leaves basal and cauline;<br />
stipules lanceolate, caducous; petiole to 20 cm, brown tomentose<br />
when young; blade ovate, asymmetric, 10–23 × 7–18<br />
cm, rugose, pilose, brown tomentose on veins, venation palmate,<br />
base obliquely cordate, margin denticulate, shallowly<br />
lobed to distinctly divided; lobes triangular, 1–5 cm, apex long<br />
acuminate or acuminate. Inflorescences with 3–6 flowers; peduncle<br />
to 11 cm, brown tomentose; bracts caducous, deep red,<br />
oblong, 2–3 cm, glabrous. Staminate flowers: tepals 4, yellowish<br />
to deep yellow, outer 2 ovate, <strong>1.</strong>5–2 cm, adaxially pilose,<br />
apex acute, inner 2 elliptic, 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, apex acute; stamens numerous;<br />
anthers oblong, <strong>1.</strong>2–2 mm; ovary trigonous, pilose, unequally<br />
3-winged. Fruit not seen.<br />
Forests, shaded moist environments; 1600–2600 m. Xizang, Yunnan<br />
[Bhutan, NE India, Myanmar].<br />
This species resembles Begonia palmata but differs by its yellow<br />
tepals.<br />
1a. Blade very shallowly divided, lobes<br />
ca. 1 cm, apex acute ................................ 52b. var. gamblei<br />
1b. Blade shallowly lobed to distinctly divided.<br />
2a. Blade shallowly divided, lobes<br />
1–3 cm, apex acuminate ............... 52a. var. flaviflora<br />
2b. Blade distinctly divided, lobes<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–5 cm, apex long acuminate ......... 52c. var. vivida<br />
52a. Begonia flaviflora var. flaviflora<br />
黄 花 秋 海 棠 ( 原 变 种 ) huang hua qiu hai tang (yuan bian<br />
zhong)<br />
Begonia laciniata Roxburgh subsp. flava (C. B. Clarke)<br />
Irmscher; B. laciniata var. flava C. B. Clarke.<br />
Blade shallowly divided, lobes 1–3 cm, apex acuminate.<br />
Fl. unknown.<br />
Forests, shaded moist environments; ca. 2600 m. Xizang<br />
(Nyalam) [NE India].<br />
52b. Begonia flaviflora var. gamblei (Irmscher) Golding &<br />
Karegeannes, Phytologia 54: 496. 1984.<br />
浅 裂 黄 花 秋 海 棠 qian lie huang hua qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia laciniata subsp. gamblei Irmscher; B. palmata D.<br />
Don var. gamblei H. Hara.<br />
Blade shallowly divided, lobes ca. 1 cm, apex acute. Staminate<br />
flower: tepals yellow, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm, outside scabrous.<br />
Xizang [Bhutan, NE India].<br />
52c. Begonia flaviflora var. vivida Golding & Karegeannes,<br />
Phytologia 54: 496. 1984.<br />
乳 黄 秋 海 棠 ru huang qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia laciniata subsp. flaviflora Irmscher.<br />
Blade distinctly divided, lobes <strong>1.</strong>5–5 cm, apex long acuminate;<br />
tepals pilose outside.<br />
1600–2300 m. Yunnan (Bijiang, Gongshan) [Myanmar].<br />
53. Begonia fordii Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10:<br />
50<strong>1.</strong> 1939.<br />
西 江 秋 海 棠 xi jiang qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, dwarf. Stem prostrate at base, ca. 13 cm tall, slender.<br />
Leaves cauline; stipules oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 4.5–8<br />
× <strong>1.</strong>8–2 mm, membranous, margin and outside hairy, apex aristate;<br />
petiole 5–6 cm, densely brown hairy; blade oblong-ovate,<br />
asymmetric, 1<strong>1.</strong>5–12.5 × 6–7.5 cm, thickly papery, abaxially<br />
densely villous on veins, adaxially sparsely hirsute, venation<br />
palmate-pinnate, 7-veined, base obliquely cordate, margin<br />
densely serrulate, apex shortly acuminate. Inflorescences with<br />
several flowers; peduncle pubescent; bracts oblong or linearlanceolate,<br />
3–6 mm, membranous, outside pilose, margin villous;<br />
staminate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 4, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate, 6–8 × 4.8–7 mm, abaxially hairy, inner 2 broadly<br />
elliptic, 5.6–7.5 × 3–4 mm, abaxially pilose; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm, fused to ca. 1 mm below; anthers obovoidglobose,<br />
0.4–0.5 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers not<br />
seen. Capsule suborbicular, ca. 7 × 5 mm, pilose, 3-loculed; unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing ca. 2.5 × 3 mm; lateral wings<br />
shorter; placentae axile, bilamellate. Fl. Aug.<br />
● Guangdong (Xinyi).<br />
This is a rarely collected species with very few specimens available<br />
for examination.<br />
54. Begonia formosana (Hayata) Masamune, J. Geobot. 9(3–<br />
4): frontis. pl. 4<strong>1.</strong> 196<strong>1.</strong><br />
水 鸭 脚 shui ya jiao<br />
Begonia laciniata Roxburgh var. formosana Hayata, J.<br />
Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 124. 1911; B. formosana f.<br />
albomaculata T. S. Liu & M. J. Lai; B. tarokoensis M. J. Lai.<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, to <strong>1.</strong>9 cm in diam. Stems erect,<br />
35–95 cm tall, glabrous or subglabrous. Leaves basal and cauline;<br />
stipules caducous, ovate to very broadly ovate, to 2.5 × <strong>1.</strong>8<br />
cm; petiole 7–43 cm, glabrous or subglabrous; blade ovate to<br />
broadly ovate, asymmetric, 9–25 × 11–29 cm, abaxially sparsely<br />
scaberulous, adaxially subglabrous, venation palmate, 7–11-<br />
veined, base oblique, cordate, margin irregularly denticulate,<br />
shallowly divided, apex acuminate. Inflorescences to 23 cm,<br />
subglabrous; peduncle 6–13 mm; bracts caducous, triangular or<br />
broadly ovate, to 2.1 × <strong>1.</strong>5 cm, thickly papery. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 8–14 mm; tepals 4, white to pinkish, glabrous, outer<br />
2 broadly obovate to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>2–2.6 × <strong>1.</strong>1–2.5 cm, inner 2<br />
oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, <strong>1.</strong>1–2.3 cm × 5–13 mm; stamens<br />
82–124; filaments <strong>1.</strong>9–3.1 mm; anthers narrowly obovoid,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>8–2.2 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 8–14 mm; tepals<br />
5 or 6(–10), unequal, narrowly obovate to very broadly obovate,<br />
largest <strong>1.</strong>1–2.6 × 0.9–2.4 cm, smallest 1–2.3 cm × 5–11<br />
mm; ovary glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 2, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular, 1–2.3 cm;<br />
lateral wings smaller. Fl. Jun–Oct, fr. Aug. 2n = 60, 64*.<br />
Forests, shaded moist environments; 700–900 m. Taiwan [Japan<br />
(Ryukyu Islands)].
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 175<br />
55. Begonia forrestii Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 548. 1939.<br />
陇 川 秋 海 棠 long chuan qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Rhizomes elongate, moniliform, ca. 8<br />
mm in diam. Leaves basal; stipules caducous, broadly ovate to<br />
subtriangular, 6–7(–8) × 3–4.6 mm, glabrous, apex cuspidate;<br />
petiole (4–)10–15(–20) cm, densely villous; blade ovate to oval,<br />
asymmetric, 7–13 × 7–10(–14) cm, abaxially densely hirsute,<br />
adaxially sparsely hispidulous, venation palmate, 5-veined, base<br />
deeply cordate, margin irregularly serrulate, apex acute or obtuse,<br />
rarely rounded. Inflorescences 14–20 cm tall; bracts ovateoblong<br />
or oblong, 4–7 × 2.2–4.5 mm, margin glandular, apex<br />
obtuse. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>1–2.1 cm; tepals 4, pink,<br />
outer 2 broadly ovate to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>4–2.3 × <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm, abaxially<br />
with long glandular hairs, inner 2 obovate to oval, 11–18 ×<br />
9–13 mm; stamens numerous; filaments ca. <strong>1.</strong>4 mm; anthers<br />
obovoid-globose, <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>7 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel to <strong>1.</strong>8<br />
cm; tepals 5, pink, largest broadly elliptic to suborbicular, <strong>1.</strong>2–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>8 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm, abaxially pubescent, smallest narrowly obovate<br />
to ovate, <strong>1.</strong>3–2 × 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm; ovary sparsely villous, 2-loculed;<br />
placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2, 4–6 mm, fused at base;<br />
stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, 8–10 mm, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing ligulate, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm; lateral<br />
wings smaller. Fl. Apr–May, fr. Jul.<br />
● On rocks, in shaded moist environments, on mountain slopes or<br />
on rocky cliffs in valleys; 1200–2600 m. Yunnan (Longchuan, Tengchong,<br />
Yingjiang).<br />
56. Begonia gagnepainiana Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot.<br />
Hamburg 10: 538. 1939.<br />
昭 通 秋 海 棠 zhao tong qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, 2–3 mm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules ovate, 3.5–15 × 2.5–10 mm, glabrous, apex apiculate;<br />
petiole 2.5–10 cm, densely rusty villous; blade ovate, asymmetric,<br />
3.5–5 × 2.4–4 cm, abaxially sparsely setulose, adaxially<br />
brown hairy, venation palmate, 6-veined, base oblique, deeply<br />
cordate, margin irregularly serrulate, apex caudate. Inflorescences<br />
8–13.5 cm, glabrous; bracts ovate-oblong, 7–9 × 2.5–3<br />
mm, margin slightly ciliate, apex acute. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm; tepals 4, outer 2 broadly ovate, nearly as<br />
long as wide, abaxially setose, inner 2 oblong-obovate, 8–9 ×<br />
4–4.5 mm; stamens numerous; filaments ca. 2.1 mm; anthers<br />
obovoid, 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 1–2.1 cm; tepals<br />
5, unequal, largest broadly ovate, nearly as long as wide, 5.8–<br />
8 × 5.8–8 mm, abaxially setose, smallest broadly elliptic to oblong-obovate,<br />
4.4–7 × 3.5–4.4 mm; ovary oblong, 3.5–4 ×<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–2 mm, sparsely long hairy, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 2, ca. 3.6 mm, fused to halfway. Capsule unequally<br />
3-winged. Fl. Jul–Aug.<br />
● NE Yunnan (Zhaotong).<br />
Only one gathering (the type) has been seen. This species is similar<br />
to Begonia smithiana but differs in having smaller, unlobed leaves.<br />
57. Begonia glechomifolia C. M. Hu ex C. Y. Wu & T. C. Ku,<br />
Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 255. 1995.<br />
金 秀 秋 海 棠 jin xiu qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 cm in diam. Stems 18–<br />
25 cm tall, glabrous or subglabrous. Leaves basal and cauline;<br />
stipules caducous; petiole 3–9 cm, glabrous or subglabrous;<br />
blade subreniform, nearly symmetric, 2.5–5.5 × 4–8.5 cm, both<br />
surfaces subglabrous, venation palmate, 5–7-veined, base cordate,<br />
margin remotely denticulate, apex rounded or acute. Inflorescences<br />
terminal, glabrous; peduncle 9–13 cm; bracts caducous.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm; tepals 4, outer 2<br />
oblong or broadly ovate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 × 1 cm, inner 2 obovate, ca. 7 ×<br />
5 mm; stamens numerous; filaments free; anthers subglobose,<br />
ca. 0.8 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals 3, outer 2 broadly ovate,<br />
ca. 8 × 8 mm, inner 1 oblong, 5–6 × ca. 4 mm; ovary oblong, 3-<br />
loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3; stigmas spiraled.<br />
Capsule unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing falcate, ca. 9 × 0.6<br />
mm; lateral wings smaller, lunate, ca. 2 mm. Fl. Jun.<br />
● On rocks; ca. 3000 m. Guangxi (Jinxiu, Xiangzhou).<br />
58. Begonia grandis Dryander, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 1:<br />
163. 179<strong>1.</strong><br />
秋 海 棠 qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers subglobose, 8–12 mm in diam.<br />
Stems 28–60 cm tall, subglabrous. Leaves cauline; stipules caducous,<br />
oblong to lanceolate, ca. 10 × 2–4 mm, membranous,<br />
margin entire, apex acuminate; petiole 4–20 cm, subglabrous;<br />
blade broadly ovate, asymmetric, 10–20 × 7–14 cm, venation<br />
palmate, 7(–9)-veined, base obliquely cordate, margin irregularly<br />
serrulate, apex acuminate to long acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
terminal and axillary, 7–16 cm tall, glabrous, terminal inflorescence<br />
racemose at base, axillary inflorescence cymose; bracts<br />
caducous, oblate to oblong, 5–13 × 2–17 mm, margin entire,<br />
apex obtuse. Staminate flowers: pedicel 0.8–2.2 cm; tepals 4,<br />
white to pink, glabrous, outer 2 broadly ovate or suborbicular,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>7 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, inner 2 obovate to obovate-oblong, 7–11 ×<br />
3–9 mm; stamens 28–140; filaments to 6.1 mm; anthers obovoid,<br />
0.8–<strong>1.</strong>1 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel<br />
2.5–5 cm; tepals 3, white to pink, glabrous; outer 2 suborbicular<br />
or oblate-orbicular, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 × <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, inner 1 obovate, ca. 8 ×<br />
6 mm; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles fused at base or free; stigmas 2-cleft or U-shaped,<br />
spiraled or not. Capsule pendulous, oblong, 10–12 × ca. 7 mm,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing oblong or triangularly oblong,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 cm; lateral wings narrowly triangular, or all wings<br />
narrowly triangular. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug. 2n = 26*.<br />
● Forests, evergreen broad-leaved forests on montane slopes,<br />
streamsides in dense valley forests, moist rocky cliffs of valleys, wet<br />
fissures of limestone rocks, on rocks in shaded moist environments, on<br />
slopes, in valleys, or by streams; 100–3400 m. Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu,<br />
Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi,<br />
Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.<br />
1a. Styles free, not branched; stigma apical<br />
or reniform; filaments connate not<br />
beyond 1 mm ..................................... 58c. subsp. holostyla<br />
1b. Styles connate at base or slightly connate,<br />
branched; stigma spirally tortuous,<br />
U-shaped; stamens more numerous,<br />
filaments connate to or beyond 2 mm<br />
above base.
176<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
2a. Stem weak; leaf blade abaxially<br />
pale, occasionally reddish,<br />
elliptic-ovate to triangular-ovate,<br />
5–12(–20) × 3.5–9(–13) cm;<br />
filaments connate for less than<br />
2 mm ........................................... 58b. subsp. sinensis<br />
2b. Stem stout; leaf blade abaxially red<br />
or at least red on veins, ovate to broadly<br />
so, larger than above; filaments<br />
connate beyond 2 mm ................. 58a. subsp. grandis<br />
58a. Begonia grandis subsp. grandis<br />
秋 海 棠 ( 原 亚 种 ) qiu hai tang (yuan ya zhong)<br />
Begonia discolor R. Brown; B. erubescens H. Léveillé; B.<br />
evansiana C. Andrews; B. grandis subsp. evansiana (C. Andrews)<br />
Irmscher.<br />
Stem stout. Leaf blade abaxially red or at least red on veins,<br />
ovate to broadly so, larger. Filaments connate beyond 2 mm.<br />
Capsule with evident, narrow, triangular wings.<br />
● Streamsides in dense valley forests, moist rocky cliffs of valleys,<br />
on rocks by streams; 100–1100 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou,<br />
Hebei, Henan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan,<br />
Zhejiang.<br />
Begonia grandis var. unialata Irmscher (Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot.<br />
Hamburg 10: 493. 1939) differs in having a capsule with 1 large wing,<br />
and the other 2 wings very narrow or nearly absent.<br />
58b. Begonia grandis subsp. sinensis (A. Candolle) Irmscher,<br />
Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10: 494. 1939.<br />
中 华 秋 海 棠 zhong hua qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia sinensis A. Candolle, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4,<br />
11: 125. 1859; B. bulbosa H. Léveillé; B. martini H. Léveillé.<br />
Stem 20–40 cm tall, weak, usually not branched. Leaf blade<br />
abaxially pale, occasionally reddish, elliptic-ovate or triangularovate,<br />
5–12(–20) × 3.5–9(–13) cm, both surfaces glabrous or<br />
subglabrous. Filaments connate for less than 2 mm. Styles connate<br />
or slightly connate at base, branched; stigma spirally tortuous,<br />
rarely U-shaped.<br />
● Forests, on limestone rocks in shaded moist environments, on<br />
slopes, or in valleys; 300–3400 m. Fujian, S Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou,<br />
Hebei, Henan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, E Sichuan, Yunnan,<br />
Zhejiang.<br />
Begonia grandis var. puberula Irmscher (Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot.<br />
Hamburg 10: 496. 1939) differs in having a leaf blade adaxially densely<br />
hispidulous (hairs ca. 0.3 mm) and sparsely hirsute (hairs 0.8–0.9 mm),<br />
while var. villosa T. C. Ku (Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): 166. 1999)<br />
differs in having a leaf blade adaxially slightly floccose.<br />
58c. Begonia grandis subsp. holostyla Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg.<br />
Bot. Hamburg 10: 498. 1939.<br />
全 柱 秋 海 棠 quan zhu qiu hai tang<br />
Stem (12–)20–40(–60) cm tall, weak, usually not branched.<br />
Leaf blade triangular-ovate, 3–13 × 2–10 cm. Styles free,<br />
not branched; stigmas capitate or reniform. Fl. Jul–Aug, fr. Sep–<br />
Oct.<br />
● Evergreen broad-leaved forests on montane slopes, on shaded<br />
moist rocks of shrubberies, wet fissures of limestone rocks, moist places<br />
by rocks; 2200–2800 m. Sichuan (Muli), Yunnan.<br />
59. Begonia guangxiensis C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35: 45.<br />
1997.<br />
广 西 秋 海 棠 guang xi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, stout, <strong>1.</strong>3–2 cm<br />
in diam. Leaves all basal; stipules caducous; petiole 10–22 cm,<br />
villous; blade obliquely broadly ovate or suborbicular in outline,<br />
10–33 × 8–24 cm, papery, both surfaces villous-hirsute,<br />
basally 6- or 7-veined, tertiary veins weakly percurrent and<br />
reticulate, base deeply cordate, margin unequally shallowly dentate<br />
or denticulate, sometimes 3–5 shallowly sharply lobed,<br />
apex acuminate, often white-tipped. Inflorescences axillary;<br />
peduncle 10–35 cm, villous; flowers 5–20 in a dichasial cyme;<br />
bracts ovate, broadly ovate, or triangular-lanceolate, 2–9 × <strong>1.</strong>7–<br />
6 mm. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 4, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate or suborbicular, ca. <strong>1.</strong>7 × 2 mm, abaxially pilose,<br />
inner 2 obovate or elliptic, ca. 12 × 6–7 mm; androecium nearly<br />
actinomorphic; stamens numerous; filaments fused at base,<br />
anthers obovoid, apex truncate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca.<br />
3 cm; tepals 3; styles 3; ovary villous, 1-loculed with parietal<br />
placentation. Capsule nodding, ovoid-oblong, <strong>1.</strong>5–2.1 × 1–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>4 cm, hairy, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing obliquely<br />
lunate, other 2 narrow, lunate, hispidulous. Fl. Jan–Mar, fr.<br />
Mar–May.<br />
● Limestone hills, on moist rocky slopes, forest understories, in<br />
caverns; 200–300 m. Guangxi (Du’an, Yishan).<br />
60. Begonia guishanensis S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 16: 336. 1994.<br />
圭 山 秋 海 棠 gui shan qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia rhodophylla C. Y. Wu.<br />
Herbs. Rhizome 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm in diam. Stems 3–5 cm tall, 1–2<br />
mm in diam. Leaves solitary or binary, basal; stipules caducous;<br />
petiole 7–20 cm, densely villous when young; blade asymmetric,<br />
narrowly ovate or ovate-oblong, 7–16.5 × 5.4–12.5 cm,<br />
abaxially setulose, adaxially sparsely setulose, venation palmate,<br />
6- or 7-veined, base oblique, margin irregularly sharply<br />
serrate and irregularly shallowly lobed; lobes 5–7, apex acuminate.<br />
Inflorescence 11–15 cm tall, villous when young; pedicel<br />
0.8–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm; bracts oblong, ca. 8 × 5 mm, abaxially pubescent,<br />
margin serrate, apex acute. Staminate flowers: tepals 4,<br />
outer 2 larger, broadly ovate, 8–10 × 5–6 mm, abaxially villous,<br />
inner 2 smaller, oblong, ca. 5 × <strong>1.</strong>5 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments free; anthers oblong or obovate-oblong, ca. 1 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: tepals 3(or 4), outer 2 broadly ovate, 8–9 × 6–7<br />
mm, inner 1 oblong, 5–6 × 2.5–3 mm; ovary villous, unequally<br />
3-winged, 3-loculed; placentae bilamellate; styles 3, free, ca. 2<br />
mm; stigmas globose. Capsule unequally 3-winged; abaxial<br />
wing falcate, ca. 2.3 × 0.8 cm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Aug–<br />
Sep, fr. Sep.<br />
● Mixed forests on limestone hills; 1800–2000 m. Yunnan<br />
(Lunan).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia labordei but can be distinguished<br />
by the shallowly lobed leaves.
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 177<br />
6<strong>1.</strong> Begonia gulinqingensis S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta<br />
Bot. Yunnan. 16: 334. 1994.<br />
古 林 箐 秋 海 棠 gu lin qing qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia brevicaulis T. C. Ku (1997), not A. Candolle<br />
(1859); B. sinobrevicaulis T. C. Ku.<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, 4–6 mm in diam., red hairy.<br />
Leaves basal; stipules triangular-lanceolate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 × 6 mm, margin<br />
ciliate, apex acuminate; petiole 5.5–15 cm, red hairy; blade<br />
sometimes with several pale greenish spots adaxially, suborbicular,<br />
asymmetric, 5–7 × 6–7.5 cm, abaxially sparsely hirsute,<br />
adaxially sparsely hispidulous, venation palmate, 7-veined, base<br />
obliquely cordate, margin crenulate, apex rounded. Inflorescences<br />
hairy; peduncle ca. 2.1 cm. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
ca. 3.5 cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 suborbicular, ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 cm, glabrous;<br />
stamens numerous; filaments ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 mm, fused at base;<br />
anthers obovoid, apex rounded. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca. 1<br />
cm; ovary hairy, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; tepals<br />
5; styles 3; stigmas 2-cleft. Capsule nodding, obovoid, ca. 1 ×<br />
0.8 cm, sparsely hairy, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular,<br />
ca. 4 × 6 mm; lateral wings ca. 2.5 mm. Fl. Jun, fr. Jul.<br />
● Forests, near summits; 1600–1900 m. Yunnan (Maguan).<br />
62. Begonia gungshanensis C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33:<br />
270. 1995.<br />
贡 山 秋 海 棠 gong shan qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes moniliform, short, stout. Stems erect, to<br />
90 cm, glabrous or subglabrous. Leaves cauline; stipules caducous,<br />
lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 5–8 × ca. 5 mm, membranous,<br />
apex acuminate; petiole <strong>1.</strong>5–3 cm, pubescent; blade<br />
falcate or narrowly lanceolate, asymmetric, 8–14 × 2.5–3.8 cm,<br />
abaxially pubescent, adaxially sparsely hispidulous, venation<br />
palmate-pinnate, base obliquely cordate, margin bidentate, very<br />
shallowly lobed, apex long acuminate or long caudate. Inflorescences<br />
glabrous, with 2–4(or 5) flowers; peduncle 4–5(–6)<br />
cm; bracts ovate or oblong, 8–13 × ca. 5 mm, apex acuminate.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>5(–2) cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate, ca. 10 × 9 mm, abaxially villous, inner 2 elliptic,<br />
ca. 8 × 4 mm; stamens numerous; filaments free, 0.8–1 mm;<br />
anthers obovoid, ca. 1 mm. Pistillate flowers not seen. Capsule<br />
ellipsoid or obovoid-oblong, 5–6 mm, glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing falcate,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>8–2 × ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, apex rounded; lateral wings triangular,<br />
5–10 mm. Fl. Aug, fr. Dec.<br />
● Evergreen broad-leaved forests and scrubby vegetation, by<br />
streams in valleys; 1400–2000 m. NW Yunnan (Gongshan).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia clavicaulis but differs by its<br />
bidentate leaf margin and the 2-loculed ovary.<br />
63. Begonia hainanensis Chun & F. Chun, Sunyatsenia 4: 20.<br />
1939.<br />
海 南 秋 海 棠 hai nan qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, prostrate. Stems 12–30 cm, 3–4 mm in diam., appressed<br />
hairy. Leaves cauline; stipules oblong-lanceolate, 7–13<br />
× 2–3 mm, abaxially hairy, margin denticulate, apex acuminate;<br />
petiole 2–4 cm, appressed hairy; blade abaxially red on<br />
veins, adaxially dark green, elliptic-oblong, slightly asymmetric,<br />
5–10 × 2–4 cm, abaxially sparsely brown hirsute and pale papillose,<br />
adaxially glabrous or subglabrous, venation palmatepinnate,<br />
5(–7)-veined, base slightly oblique, rounded, margin<br />
remotely denticulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences terminal<br />
and axillary, subglabrous; staminate inflorescences terminal and<br />
axillary, cymose; pistillate inflorescences axillary, always below<br />
staminate inflorescences, solitary or binary; bracts narrowly<br />
obovate, 3–10 mm, glabrous, margin minutely denticulate, apex<br />
obtuse to acute. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm; tepals<br />
4, white, with reddish veins, glabrous, outer 2 elliptic, 10–11 ×<br />
8–9 mm, inner 2 narrowly oblong, 7–8 × ca. 2 mm; stamens<br />
25–30; filaments fused below. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca. 8<br />
mm, bracteole 1, margin denticulate, apex acute; tepals 5, glabrous,<br />
unequal, largest white, with reddish veins, broadly elliptic,<br />
9–12 × 7–8 mm, smallest nearly white, narrowly oblong, 9–<br />
10 × 3–4 mm; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3, 2–4 mm, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft,<br />
spiraled. Capsule pendulous, ovoid-oblong, to <strong>1.</strong>4 cm, equally<br />
3-winged; wings triangular, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm. Fl. Apr.<br />
● Forests, on mossy rocks along streams; ca. 1000 m. Hainan<br />
(Baoting, Lingshui).<br />
64. Begonia handelii Irmscher, Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-<br />
Naturwiss. Kl. 58: 24. 192<strong>1.</strong><br />
香 花 秋 海 棠 xiang hua qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, dioecious. Rhizomes prostrate, 8–19 mm in diam.<br />
Leaves on rhizome; stipules caducous, narrowly triangular to<br />
ovate, 15–28 × 9–10 mm, membranous, apex acuminate or<br />
cuspidate; petiole 13–38 cm, sparsely hairy to glabrous; blade<br />
broadly ovate to ovate, asymmetric, 8–29 × 6–18 cm, both surfaces<br />
glabrous, subglabrous, or red pilose, venation palmatepinnate,<br />
7–9-veined, base obliquely cordate, margin irregularly<br />
denticulate, apex acute or acuminate. Inflorescences reduced,<br />
glabrous to pilose; staminate inflorescences erect, with numerous<br />
flowers; pistillate inflorescences pendulous, 2–4-flowered;<br />
bracts caducous, ovate-lanceolate, 8–15(–20) × 5–9 mm, margin<br />
entire, apex acuminate. Flowers fragrant, white to pink; staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel 2–4.5 cm; tepals 4, outer 2 ovate, (0.8–)3–<br />
5.5(–6.5) × <strong>1.</strong>8–2.7 cm, apex acute or obtuse, inner 2 narrowly<br />
oblong or linear, <strong>1.</strong>8–11 cm × 5–24 mm, apex obtuse; stamens<br />
more than 100; filaments 2–4.1 mm, free; anthers oblong, 2–3.1<br />
mm, apex rounded. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 2–3 cm; tepals 4,<br />
outer 2 elliptic, 2.1–3 × <strong>1.</strong>8–2.1 cm, apex rounded, inner 2 narrowly<br />
oblong or linear, 6–15 × <strong>1.</strong>9–8 mm, apex rounded; ovary<br />
obovoid, hairy or glabrous, 4(–8)-loculed; placentae axile, forked<br />
once or twice; styles 4, 5.1–7.2 mm, forked once or twice; stigmas<br />
2-cleft, spiraled. Fruit pendulous, wingless or 4(–8)-horned.<br />
Fl. Jan. 2n = 66*.<br />
Forests, variable vegetation, shaded moist environments; 100–<br />
1500 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [Laos, Myanmar, Thailand,<br />
Vietnam].<br />
1a. Outer tepals of staminate flowers 0.8–2<br />
cm, apex rounded .................................. 64c. var. prostrata<br />
1b. Outer tepals of staminate flowers 3–6.5<br />
cm, apex usually acute.<br />
2a. Outer tepals of staminate flowers and<br />
ovary glabrous or subglabrous ....... 64a. var. handelii<br />
2b. Outer tepals of staminate flowers<br />
and ovary red pilose ................. 64b. var. rubropilosa
178<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
64a. Begonia handelii var. handelii<br />
香 花 秋 海 棠 ( 原 变 种 ) xiang hua qiu hai tang (yuan bian<br />
zhong)<br />
Outer tepals of staminate flowers 3–6.5 cm, glabrous or<br />
subglabrous, apex usually acute. Ovary glabrous or subglabrous.<br />
Variable vegetation, shaded moist environments; 100–900 m.<br />
Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [Myanmar, Vietnam].<br />
64b. Begonia handelii var. rubropilosa (S. H. Huang & Y. M.<br />
Shui) C. I Peng, comb. nov.<br />
红 毛 香 花 秋 海 棠 hong mao xiang hua qiu hai tang<br />
Basionym: Begonia balansana Gagnepain var. rubropilosa<br />
S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 21: 12.<br />
1999.<br />
Outer tepals of staminate flowers 3–6.5 cm, red pilose, apex<br />
usually acute. Ovary red pilose.<br />
● Forests, shaded moist enviroments; ca. 1400 m. Yunnan (Pingbian).<br />
64c. Begonia handelii var. prostrata (Irmscher) Tebbitt, Edinburgh<br />
J. Bot. 60: 6. 2003.<br />
铺 地 秋 海 棠 pu di qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia prostrata Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 516. 1939; B. chuniana C. Y. Wu; B. xinyiensis T. C.<br />
Ku (1995), not B. xingyiensis T. C. Ku (1995).<br />
Outer tepals of staminate flowers 0.8–2 cm, apex rounded.<br />
Fl. May, fr. Jun.<br />
Forests, shaded moist enviroments; 100–1500 m. Guangdong,<br />
Guangxi, Yunnan [Laos, Thailand, Vietnam].<br />
65. Begonia hatacoa Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don, Prodr. Fl.<br />
Nepal. 223. 1825.<br />
墨 脱 秋 海 棠 mo tuo qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, 30–65 cm tall. Rhizome not seen. Stem branching<br />
twice or more. Leaves cauline; stipules lanceolate, 6–10 mm,<br />
membranous, apex acuminate; petiole 8–24 mm, densely brown<br />
hirsute; blade ovate-lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, asymmetric,<br />
6–9.6 × 2.1–3.2 cm, abaxially brown pubescent, adaxially<br />
glabrous or subglabrous, venation palmate-pinnate, 5–7-<br />
veined, base slightly oblique, rounded or slightly cordate, margin<br />
remotely serrulate, apex long acuminate to caudate. Inflorescences<br />
glabrous; peduncle 2–3.1 cm; bracts narrowly elliptic<br />
to lanceolate, 5–8 × <strong>1.</strong>5–3.5 mm, membranous, abaxially brown<br />
hirsute when young, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
5–10 mm; tepals 4, outer 2 triangular-ovate, ca. 5 × 3.5 mm,<br />
glabrous, inner 2 oblong, ca. 4 × <strong>1.</strong>5 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments free, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 mm; anthers reniform, ca. 0.8 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: tepals 5, unequal, largest broadly ovate, ca. 7 × 4<br />
mm, glabrous, smallest oblong or lanceolate, 6–7 × <strong>1.</strong>5–2 mm;<br />
ovary glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles<br />
2, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule pendulous,<br />
oblong, ca. 14 × 8 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing<br />
broadly falcate, <strong>1.</strong>5–2 cm × 6–9 mm, apex rounded; lateral<br />
wings smaller, ca. 4 mm. Fl. Oct–Nov, fr. Dec–Jan.<br />
Evergreen broad-leaved forests, on rocks in shaded moist environments<br />
on slopes or by streams; 1200–1500 m. SE Xizang (Mêdog)<br />
[Bhutan, N India, Nepal].<br />
66. Begonia hekouensis S. H. Huang, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 21:<br />
2<strong>1.</strong> 1999.<br />
河 口 秋 海 棠 he kou qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia gesnerioides S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta<br />
Bot. Yunnan. 16: 34<strong>1.</strong> 1994, not L. B. Smith & B. G. Schubert<br />
(1941).<br />
Herbs, to 30 cm tall. Rhizomes ca. 9 mm in diam. Stems<br />
brown appressed hairy. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules caducous;<br />
petiole 22–24 cm, brown appressed hairy; blade ovate or<br />
broadly elliptic, slightly asymmetric, ca. 14.5 × 2.5 cm, abaxially<br />
brown appressed hairy, adaxially hispidulous, base nearly<br />
rounded or very shallowly cordate, margin irregularly denticulate,<br />
apex acuminate. Inflorescences hairy; peduncle 2.3–5 cm;<br />
bracts lanceolate to triangular-lanceolate, 5–6 mm, margin ciliate,<br />
apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 cm;<br />
tepals 4, orange-red, outer 2 broadly ovate, ca. 13 × 8 mm, villous,<br />
inner 2 elliptic, ca. 8 × 5 mm; stamens numerous; filaments<br />
ca. 1 mm; anthers oblong, ca. 1 mm. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 5, unequal, largest broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>3–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5 × 6–8 mm, outside purplish brown villous; ovary densely<br />
purplish brown villous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 2, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding,<br />
ovoid-oblong, ca. 12 × 6–8 mm, unequally 3-winged;<br />
abaxial wing ligulate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>2 cm; lateral wings triangular,<br />
ca. 6 × 12 mm, purplish brown villous. Fl. Jul–Sep, fr. Sep–Oct.<br />
● Forest understories; 200–500 m. Yunnan (Hekou).<br />
67. Begonia hemsleyana J. D. Hooker, Bot. Mag. 125: t. 7685.<br />
1899.<br />
掌 叶 秋 海 棠 zhang ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, 30–80 cm tall. Rhizomes short, stout, 3–11 mm in<br />
diam. Stems hairy. Leaves cauline, or basal and cauline; stipules<br />
ovate-lanceolate, 5–21 × 4–10 mm, abaxially hispidulous,<br />
apex acuminate and cuspidate; petiole 8–14 cm, sparsely hispidulous,<br />
subglabrous, or glabrous; blade palmately compound,<br />
leaflets 7(or 8), oblong-lanceolate or obovate-lanceolate 6–12 ×<br />
<strong>1.</strong>9–4 cm, abaxially sparsely hirsute, adaxially sparsely hirsute,<br />
base cuneate or broadly cuneate, margin remotely serrulate,<br />
apex acuminate or long caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences 3–18<br />
cm, subglabrous; peduncle 4–7.5 cm; bracts lanceolate, <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>7<br />
cm, outside and margin hairy, apex acuminate and cuspidate.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 8–32 mm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate or suborbicular, 1–<strong>1.</strong>8 × 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, abaxially<br />
villous, inner 2 ovate, 5–16 × 4–12 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments ca. 5 mm; anthers ovoid-globose, ca. 8 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: tepals 5, unequal, largest broadly ovate, 9–11 × 9–11<br />
mm, abaxially villous, smallest orbicular, 9–12 × 8–11 mm;<br />
ovary glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2,<br />
ca. 4.1 mm, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule<br />
nodding, obovoid-globose or ellipsoid, 10–13 × 5–7 mm, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing falcate, <strong>1.</strong>5–2.1 cm, apex<br />
rounded; lateral wings ca. 3 mm. Fl. Dec, fr. Jun. 2n = 20, 22*.
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 179<br />
Forests, valleys, shaded moist environments; 1000–1300 m.<br />
Guangxi, SE Yunnan [Vietnam].<br />
1a. Leaves cauline; petiole hairy or<br />
subglabrous; leaflets with distinct<br />
petiolules ........................................... 67a. var. hemsleyana<br />
1b. Leaves basal and cauline; petiole<br />
glabrous; leaflets attenuate toward<br />
base ................................................. 67b. var. kwangsiensis<br />
67a. Begonia hemsleyana var. hemsleyana<br />
掌 叶 秋 海 棠 ( 原 变 种 ) zhang ye qiu hai tang (yuan bian zhong)<br />
Leaves cauline; petiole hairy or subglabrous; leaflets with<br />
distinct petiolules.<br />
Forests, shaded moist environments; 1000–1300 m. SW Guangxi,<br />
SE Yunnan [Vietnam].<br />
67b. Begonia hemsleyana var. kwangsiensis Irmscher, Mitt.<br />
Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10: 538. 1939.<br />
广 西 掌 叶 秋 海 棠 guang xi zhang ye qiu hai tang<br />
Leaves basal and cauline; petiole glabrous; leaflets attenuate<br />
toward base.<br />
● Valleys; 1200–1300 m. Guangxi (Lingyun).<br />
This is an imperfectly known taxon represented only by the type<br />
gathering made in 1928.<br />
68. Begonia henryi Hemsley, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 322. 1887.<br />
独 牛 du niu<br />
Begonia delavayi Gagnepain; B. mairei H. Léveillé.<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers 8–10 mm in diam. Leaves 1(or<br />
2), basal; stipules ovate-lanceolate, membranous, margin ciliate,<br />
caducous; petiole 6–13 cm, brown villous; blade triangularovate<br />
or broadly ovate, rarely suborbicular, 3.5–6 × 4–7.5 cm,<br />
sparsely pubescent, venation palmate, base oblique, deeply cordate,<br />
margin crenate, apex obtuse, acute, or shortly acuminate.<br />
Inflorescence terminal, 7.5–12 cm tall, pilose or subglabrous,<br />
with very few flowers; bracts oblong or elliptic, ca. 5 × 4 mm,<br />
membranous, margin serrate, apex acute. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel ca. 1 cm; tepals 2, pink, oblate-orbicular or broadly<br />
ovate, 8–12 × 10–13 mm, glabrous; stamens numerous; filaments<br />
free, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; anthers obovoid, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 mm, apex<br />
emarginate. Pistillate flowers: tepals 2, oblate, 6–8 × 7–8 mm;<br />
glabrous; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, undivided;<br />
styles 3; stigmas 2-cleft. Capsule pendulous, oblong, ca. 11 × 5<br />
mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular, 5–7 mm;<br />
lateral wings smaller. Fl. Sep–Oct, fr. Oct. 2n = 30*.<br />
● On rocks or in fissures, shaded moist environments; 800–2600<br />
m. N Guangxi, SE Guizhou, Hubei (Yichang), Sichuan, Yunnan.<br />
69. Begonia hongkongensis F. W. Xing, Ann. Bot. Fenn. 42:<br />
15<strong>1.</strong> 2005.<br />
香 港 秋 海 棠 xiang gang qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes ca. 3 mm in diam. Stems 10.3–21 cm.<br />
Leaves basal and cauline; stipules lanceolate, 1–2 cm, membranous;<br />
petiole 5.2–9.4 cm, apex sparsely shortly hairy; blade<br />
oblong-ovate to rhombic-ovate, slightly asymmetric, 7–13.6 ×<br />
2.3–4.5 cm, abaxially sparsely shortly hairy, adaxially glabrous,<br />
venation palmate-pinnate, 5- or 6-veined, base slightly oblique,<br />
cuneate to broadly cuneate, margin irregularly and remotely serrate,<br />
very shallowly lobed, apex acuminate to caudate. Inflorescences<br />
glabrous; peduncle ca. 5 cm; bracts lanceolate, ca. 8.5 ×<br />
3 mm, membranous, glabrous, apex aristate. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 7–14 cm; tepals 4, white, outer 2 broadly ovate or oblong,<br />
ca. 10 × 9 mm, glabrous, inner 2 ovate, ca. 8 × 4 mm; stamens<br />
numerous; filaments entirely fused, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>4 mm; anthers<br />
oblong or obovoid, 1–<strong>1.</strong>3 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel pale<br />
pinkish, 2–2.5 cm; tepals 5, white, 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>2 × 0.6–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm, glabrous;<br />
ovary ovoid, glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 2, ca. 3 mm, free; stigmas spiraled. Capsule nodding,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>8–2.9 cm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing ligulate, ca.<br />
2.8 × <strong>1.</strong>6 cm, apex obtuse; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Jul–Sep, fr.<br />
Oct–Dec.<br />
● Evergreen secondary forests, on moist rocks by streams in<br />
ravines; 100–400 m. Hong Kong.<br />
Begonia hongkongensis is similar to B. tsoongii, which is known<br />
only by the type gathering made in 1916 from S Guangxi. It differs<br />
from the latter by having cauline leaves, leaf blade margin very shallowly<br />
lobed, irregularly and remotely serrate, and apex acuminate to<br />
caudate.<br />
70. Begonia howii Merrill & Chun, Sunyatsenia 5: 138. 1940.<br />
侯 氏 秋 海 棠 hou shi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, erect, 17–25 cm tall. Rhizomes elongate, 7–10 mm<br />
in diam. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules ovate-lanceolate, ca.<br />
5 mm, glabrous, apex acuminate; petiole 3–19 cm, glabrous;<br />
blade obliquely ovate to broadly ovate, asymmetric, 7.5–16 ×<br />
5–10 cm, both surfaces glabrous, venation palmate, 6-veined,<br />
base truncate to slightly cordate, margin irregularly serrulate,<br />
apex acuminate or shortly caudate. Inflorescences glabrous; peduncle<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm; bracts oblong or oblong-ovate, 8–12 mm,<br />
glabrous, apex obtuse or acute. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>2–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5(–2) cm; tepals 4, glabrous, outer 2 ovate-oblong, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>6 ×<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 cm, inner 2 oblong, 9–11 × ca. 5 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm; anthers oblong or obovoid-oblong,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals unknown; ovary obovoidoblong,<br />
ca. 1 cm × 6–7 mm, glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; tepals 5; styles 2, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled.<br />
Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged. Fl. Jun–Jul.<br />
● Forests, on rocks in valleys; 600–700 m. Hainan (Baoting,<br />
Wanning).<br />
7<strong>1.</strong> Begonia huangii Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen, Acta Bot. Yunnan.<br />
27: 365. 2005.<br />
黄 氏 秋 海 棠 huang shi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes 6–10 cm, 4–5.5 mm in<br />
diam.; internodes 3–7 mm. Leaves all basal; stipules mostly<br />
persistent, ovate-triangular, 5–8 × 4–6 mm; petiole 8.5–20 cm,<br />
hirsute-villous; blade adaxially with white patches between<br />
veins, oblique, suborbicular or very broadly ovate, 8–15 × 7–<br />
1<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, papery, abaxially densely pilose, adaxially moderately<br />
pilose (hairs 1–<strong>1.</strong>8 mm), basally 6- or 7-veined, tertiary veins<br />
percurrent and reticulate, base deeply cordate, margin irregularly<br />
denticulate and ciliate, apex acute or shortly acuminate.
180<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
Inflorescences 6- or 7-flowered; peduncle 4.5–5.6 cm, glabrous;<br />
bracts caducous, broadly ovate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 6–<br />
10 mm; tepals 4, white or red, outer 2 ovate or broadly so, 8–11<br />
× 7–9 mm, glabrous, inner 2 obovate-oblong, ca. 12 × 6 mm,<br />
glabrous; stamens ca. 30; filaments 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm, fused at base,<br />
anthers obovoid to oblong, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>1 × 0.4–0.5 mm. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pedicel 5.5–8 mm; tepals 3; ovary glabrous, 1-loculed<br />
with parietal placentation; styles 3, <strong>1.</strong>4–2 mm, free, caducous in<br />
fruit, stigmas U-shaped. Capsule nodding, ellipsoid, 1–<strong>1.</strong>1 × ca.<br />
0.8 cm, glabrous, subequally 3-winged; abaxial wing lunate, ca.<br />
3 mm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Aug–Nov, fr. Oct.<br />
● On rocks in limestone forests; (300–)700–1000 m. Yunnan (Gejiu,<br />
Pingbian).<br />
72. Begonia hymenocarpa C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33:<br />
256. 1995.<br />
膜 果 秋 海 棠 mo guo qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, slender. Rhizomes poorly developed, 4–6 mm in<br />
diam. Stems erect, 25–50 cm tall, subglabrous. Leaves cauline;<br />
stipules membranous, caducous; petiole 3.5–8 cm, glabrous;<br />
blade narrowly ovate, asymmetric, 6–11 × 4.5–7 cm, membranous,<br />
sparsely hispidulous, venation palmate, 5-veined, base cordate,<br />
margin irregularly denticulate, apex shortly acuminate to<br />
shortly caudate. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, glabrous;<br />
bracts ovate-lanceolate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 mm, margin ciliate. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel 4–7 mm; tepals 4, pink, abaxially hairy, outer 2<br />
larger, broadly ovate, 8–9 × 10–12 mm, inner 2 smaller, ovate,<br />
5–6 × 3–4 mm; stamens numerous; filaments <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm, free;<br />
anthers oblong, 0.9–1 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5, unequal,<br />
glabrous or abaxially hairy; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; styles 3, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled.<br />
Capsule pendulous, ca. <strong>1.</strong>4 cm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial<br />
wing ca. 6 × 5 mm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Jul–Aug, fr. Sep.<br />
● Forest margins, shaded moist environments; 500–700 m. Guangxi<br />
(Damiao Shan, Dayao Shan).<br />
73. Begonia imitans Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 51<strong>1.</strong> 1939.<br />
鸡 爪 秋 海 棠 ji zhua qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers globose, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm in diam.<br />
Leaves usually 1 or 2, basal; stipules caducous, ovate or oblong,<br />
3–5 × <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>8 mm, abaxially pilose, apex acuminate; petiole<br />
12–21 cm, brown villous; blade suborbicular, asymmetric, 9–12<br />
× 8.5–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm, abaxially pilose, adaxially reddish hairy, venation<br />
palmate, 5–7-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin incised-serrate,<br />
divided to 1/2 of leaf length; lobes 5–7, apex acuminate.<br />
Inflorescences 15–31 cm tall, pilose when young; bracts caducous,<br />
ovate-oblong, ca. 8 mm, membranous, margin ciliate, apex<br />
acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 4,<br />
outer 2 broadly ovate, 9–11 × 8–10 mm, abaxially hairy, inner 1<br />
obovate, 6.5–7.5 × ca. 3.5 mm; stamens numerous; filaments 1–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>3 mm, free; anthers obovoid, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pedicel <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm; tepals 3, outer 2 broadly ovate or suborbicular,<br />
ca. 8 × 6–7 mm, abaxially hairy, inner 1 oblong, ca. 5<br />
mm; ovary oblong, 8–10 × 7–8 mm, glabrous, unequally 3-<br />
winged, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, free;<br />
stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule unknown. Fl. Jun–Jul.<br />
● Moist shaded places in dense forests on slopes; 1300–1400 m.<br />
Sichuan (Hongxi, Kangding).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia taliensis but differs by lacking<br />
lobules on the leaf blade.<br />
74. Begonia jingxiensis D. Fang & Y. G. Wei, Acta Phytotax.<br />
Sin. 42: 172. 2004.<br />
靖 西 秋 海 棠 jing xi qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia mashanica D. Fang & D. H. Qin.<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping; internodes 0.3–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>1 cm. Leaves all basal; stipules ovate or broadly ovate, 10–12<br />
× 7–10 mm; petiole 3–16 mm, initially whitish hirsute-villous,<br />
glabrescent when old; blade obliquely broadly ovate or suborbicular,<br />
3.5–18 × 4–14 cm, herbaceous, abaxially fibrillose,<br />
villous on veins, hairs initially whitish, later rusty, adaxially<br />
green, dark green, or adorned with a whitish or pale horseshoeshaped<br />
maculation, sparsely appressed rusty fibrillose when<br />
young, glabrescent, basally 5–8-veined, base cordate, margin irregularly<br />
dentate or denticulate, long ciliate, apex shortly acuminate,<br />
obtuse, or rounded. Inflorescences axillary; peduncle 8–<br />
23 cm, glabrous or subglabrous; flowers 3–40 in a dichasial<br />
cyme; bracts oblong to elliptic, 1–3 × 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm, margin<br />
sparsely glandular ciliate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 5–17 mm;<br />
tepals 2(–4), suborbicular, obovate, or broadly ovate, 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 ×<br />
1–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm; androecium zygomorphic; stamens 18–30; filaments<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–2.5 mm; anthers oblong to obovoid, apex emarginate. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel 5–15 mm; tepals 2, suborbicular, obovate,<br />
or oblate, 1–<strong>1.</strong>8 × 1–2.2 cm; ovary 3-loculed at proximal<br />
to middle part, placentation septal. Capsule nodding, ovoid, 11–<br />
15 × 8–10 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing lunate or<br />
nearly ligulate, 6–8 mm; lateral wings lunate, 2–3 mm. Fl. Jun–<br />
Dec, fr. Aug–Dec.<br />
● Limestone hills and entrances to limestone caves, forests; 100–<br />
600 m. Guangxi.<br />
75. Begonia josephii A. Candolle, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4,<br />
11: 126. 1859 [“josephi”].<br />
重 齿 秋 海 棠 chong chi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm in diam. Leaves 1(or<br />
2); stipules caducous, ovate, membranous, margin ciliate; petiole<br />
10–2<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, brown villous; blade peltate, broadly ovate to<br />
suborbicular, nearly symmetric, 10–16 × 8.5–13 cm, abaxially<br />
brownish pubescent, adaxially hirsute, venation palmate, 7-<br />
veined, base rounded, margin denticulate, apex acuminate or<br />
caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences terminal, racemose at base,<br />
20–28 cm tall, brown villous; bracts ovate, 5–7 mm, membranous,<br />
abaxially hairy. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm; tepals<br />
4, pink, outer 2 broadly ovate, ca. 6 × 4–5 mm, abaxially<br />
hispidulous, apex obtuse, inner 2 oblong, ca. 4 × 1 mm; stamens<br />
numerous; filaments ca. 0.8 mm; anthers oblong to obovoidoblong,<br />
ca. 1 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: tepals 4–<br />
6, unequal, variable in shape; ovary sparsely purplish hairy, 3-<br />
loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; style 3, fused to halfway;<br />
stigmas U-shaped. Capsule pendulous, obovoid or subglobose,<br />
ca. 7 × 8–9 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing falcate, to<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2 cm, apex rounded; lateral wings triangular, 2–3 mm. Fl. Jul–<br />
Aug, fr. Aug.
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 181<br />
Forests or forest margins, on rocks in moist environments; 2600–<br />
2800 m. Xizang (Cona) [Bhutan, NE India, Nepal].<br />
76. Begonia labordei H. Léveillé, Bull. Soc. Agric. Sarthe 59:<br />
323. 1904.<br />
心 叶 秋 海 棠 xin ye qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia harrowiana Diels; B. polyantha H. Léveillé.<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers globose, <strong>1.</strong>9–2.9 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm.<br />
Leaves basal or cauline (on very short stem); stipules small,<br />
caducous; petiole 6.5–24.6 cm, glabrous or hairy on upper part;<br />
blade ovate, slightly asymmetric, 10–25 × 6–22 cm, subglabrous<br />
to abaxially sparsely hirsute, adaxially hispidulous, venation<br />
palmate, 5–7-veined, base slightly oblique, cordate, margin<br />
unequally serrate, apex acuminate to acute. Inflorescences terminal,<br />
racemose at base, 2–6.5 cm tall, glabrous; bracts oblong,<br />
3–4 × ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 mm, margin remotely denticulate, apex acute.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. 1 mm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 oblong<br />
or ovate-oblong, ca. 1 × 6–7 mm, glabrous or abaxially<br />
hairy, apex rounded or acute, inner 2 elliptic, ca. 7 × 5 mm,<br />
apex obtuse or acute; stamens numerous; filaments fused to<br />
halfway or more, ca. 1 mm; anthers oblong, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel 8–9 mm; tepals 3(or 4), outer 2 broadly<br />
elliptic, 9–10 × ca. 6 mm, glabrous or abaxially hairy, apex<br />
rounded or obtuse, inner 1(or 2) narrowly oblong, 6–7 × 2–3<br />
mm, apex rounded or obtuse; ovary glabrous or hairy, 3-loculed;<br />
placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, fused to halfway or<br />
more; stigmas 3, 2-cleft or U-shaped, spiraled or not. Capsule<br />
pendulous, oblong-obovoid, ca. 10 × 6–7 mm, unequally 3-<br />
winged; abaxial wing triangular; lateral wings much smaller, 0–<br />
3 mm. Fl. Aug, fr. Sep. 2n = 24*.<br />
● Forest margins, shaded moist rocky slopes; 800–3300 m. Guizhou,<br />
Sichuan, Yunnan.<br />
No place of valid publication could be traced for “Begonia labordei<br />
var. unialata Ku in Acta Phytotax. Sin.” (see FRPS 52(1): 190.<br />
1999).<br />
77. Begonia lacerata Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 535. 1939.<br />
撕 裂 秋 海 棠 si lie qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, to 85 cm tall. Rhizomes elongate. Stems erect,<br />
sparsely villous when young. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules<br />
oblong, <strong>1.</strong>6–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, subglabrous, apex acuminate and cuspidate;<br />
petiole 6.5–16 cm, pilose when young; blade broadly<br />
ovate to suborbicular, asymmetric, 7–15 × 9–18 cm, abaxially<br />
brownish pubescent, adaxially sparsely setulose, venation palmate,<br />
6–8-veined, base shallowly cordate, margin irregularly<br />
denticulate, distinctly divided; lobes obliquely rhombic-ovate,<br />
3–8 × 2–5.5 cm, apex long acuminate or caudate. Inflorescences<br />
pilose or subglabrous when young; peduncle ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 4, outer 2 broadly<br />
ovate, <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>1–13 cm, abaxially pilose, inner 2 broadly<br />
elliptic or broadly ovate, 11–12 × 8–9 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments entirely fused or nearly so. Pistillate flowers unknown.<br />
Capsule nodding, ca. 18 × 9 mm, 2-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing broadly<br />
ligulate, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>8 × ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 cm, apex rounded; lateral wings 6–<br />
8 mm. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.<br />
● Forest understories; 1000–1900 m. SE Yunnan (Mengzi).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia edulis but differs by its distinctly<br />
lobed, abaxially pubescent, and adaxially sparsely setulose leaf blade.<br />
78. Begonia laminariae Irmscher, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh<br />
21: 40. 195<strong>1.</strong><br />
圆 翅 秋 海 棠 yuan chi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes 8–13 mm in diam. Leaves basal; stipules<br />
not seen; petiole 35–50 cm, brown villous, more densely so on<br />
upper part; blade suborbicular or oblate-orbicular, slightly asymmetric,<br />
18–35 × 19–35 cm, glabrous or subglabrous, venation<br />
palmate, 7–9-veined, base slightly cordate, margin remotely and<br />
irregularly serrulate, deeply divided to 2/3 of leaf length; lobes<br />
7–9, apex acuminate or long caudate. Inflorescences glabrous<br />
or hairy; bracts ovate, glabrous, acuminate. Staminate flowers:<br />
tepals 4, glabrous, outer 2 orbicular, ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 × <strong>1.</strong>1 cm, inner 2<br />
oblong, ca. 11 × 6–7 mm; stamens numerous. Pistillate flowers:<br />
tepals 5, glabrous, unequal, largest orbicular, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>3 cm,<br />
smallest obovate, ca. 14 × 8–9 mm; ovary glabrous, 2-loculed;<br />
placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2, fused at base; stigmas 2-<br />
cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, ellipsoid to oblong, 18–20 ×<br />
8–10 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing ligulate or broadly<br />
oblong, 9–16 mm, apex rounded; lateral wings 2–6.5 mm.<br />
Fl. Jun, fr. Sep. 2n = 22*.<br />
Forests or scrubby vegetation, shaded moist environments; 1200–<br />
1800 m. Guizhou (Anlong), SE Yunnan [Vietnam].<br />
This species is similar to Begonia paucilobata but differs by its 7–<br />
9-lobed leaves, which are deeply divided to ca. 2/3 of the leaf length.<br />
79. Begonia lancangensis S. H. Huang, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 21:<br />
13. 1999.<br />
澜 沧 秋 海 棠 lan cang qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, dioecious. Rhizomes short, stout. Stems erect, 80–<br />
120 cm tall, <strong>1.</strong>2–2.6 cm in diam., puberulous. Leaves cauline;<br />
stipules brown, ovate-triangular, <strong>1.</strong>2–3.1 × 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm, glabrous,<br />
apex acuminate; petiole 15–40 cm; blade ovate or ovateoblong,<br />
asymmetric, 10–35 × 7–20 cm, abaxially puberulous on<br />
veins, adaxially glabrous, venation palmate, 6- or 7-veined,<br />
base oblique, cordate, margin irregularly serrulate, apex acuminate.<br />
Inflorescences strongly reduced; bracts ovate, 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm,<br />
glabrous, apex acute and shortly cuspidate. Flowers fragrant.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–2 cm; tepals 4, outer 2 greenish<br />
at base or white, abaxially puberulous, ca. 2.6 × 3.1 cm, inner 2<br />
white, ca. 2.3 × <strong>1.</strong>8 cm; stamens ca. 70; filaments 2–2.5 mm;<br />
anthers 4.3–4.8 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 2.5–4 cm; tepals<br />
4, white, outer 2 broadly ovate, 2.5–3.2 × <strong>1.</strong>8–2 cm, inner 2<br />
obovate or oblong, <strong>1.</strong>8–2 × 0.7–1 cm; ovary obovoid, ca. 1 cm,<br />
subglabrous, 4-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 4,<br />
stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Fruit berrylike, 4-horned. Fl. Feb–Mar,<br />
fr. Apr–Jul.<br />
● Evergreen broad-leaved forests; ca. 1600 m. Yunnan (Lancang).<br />
This species resembles Begonia roxburghii A. Candolle of the<br />
Himalayas but differs by its puberulous habit and the stem without red,<br />
linear dots.
182<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
80. Begonia lanternaria Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 555. 1939.<br />
灯 果 秋 海 棠 deng guo qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate. Leaves basal; stipules caducous,<br />
oblong-ovate, 9–10 × 4–5 mm, membranous; petiole 8–23<br />
cm, sparsely villous; blade abaxially pale brown-green, adaxially<br />
deep brown-green, ovate to broadly ovate, asymmetric, 11–<br />
13 × 12–14 cm, glabrous, venation palmate, 5-veined, base<br />
strongly oblique, deeply cordate, margin densely minutely serrulate,<br />
apex shortly caudate. Inflorescences 18–25 cm tall, glabrous;<br />
bracts broadly elliptic to broadly ovate, 5–9 × ca. 5 mm,<br />
margin glandular ciliate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 9–10 mm;<br />
tepals 4, pinkish, outer 2 broadly ovate, 7–9 × 6–7 mm, abaxially<br />
subglabrous, inner 1 oblong, ca. 6 × 2 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 mm; anthers cuneate-obovoid, ca. 1<br />
mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca. 2 cm; tepals<br />
3, pinkish, outer 2 broadly ovate, inner 1 smaller; ovary<br />
glabrous, 1-loculed; placentae parietal, bilamellate; styles 3.<br />
Capsule nodding, oblong-ovoid, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, unequally 3-<br />
winged; abaxial wing subtriangular; lateral wings smaller. Fl.<br />
Aug, fr. Sep.<br />
On limestone rocks at forest margins. Guangxi (Longzhou) [N<br />
Vietnam].<br />
8<strong>1.</strong> Begonia leprosa Hance, J. Bot. 21: 202. 1883.<br />
癞 叶 秋 海 棠 lai ye qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia bretschneideriana Hemsley.<br />
Herbs, creeping. Rhizomes 5–14 mm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules caducous, ovate, (5–)15–23 mm, membranous, apex<br />
cuspidate; petiole 4–13 cm, glabrous to densely brown villous<br />
when young; blade sometimes very shallowly peltate, suborbicular,<br />
obovate, or broadly ovate, asymmetric, 4–15 × 4.5–<br />
21 cm, abaxially glabrous to brown villous, adaxially glabrous,<br />
venation palmate, 5–7-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin<br />
remotely and minutely serrulate, apex acute or shortly caudate.<br />
Inflorescences usually reduced, 1–<strong>1.</strong>5(–7) cm; bracts ovate,<br />
3.5–15 mm, membranous, margin ciliate. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 2–8 mm, glabrous to sparsely villous; tepals 4, white to<br />
pink, glabrous, outer 2 abaxially reddish on veins, broadly ovate,<br />
7–26 × 8–29 mm, inner 2 oblong, 5–27 × 2–9 mm; stamens 21–<br />
78, free; filaments 0.6–3.8 mm; anthers obovoid to subglobose,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>1–2.6 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 4–20<br />
mm; tepals 3, white to pink, glabrous, persistent in fruit, outer 2<br />
abaxially reddish on veins, broadly obovate or suborbicular, 7–<br />
18 × 8–18 mm, inner 1 obovate-oblong, ca. 7 × 4 mm; ovary<br />
glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, undivided or bilamellate;<br />
styles 3, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Fruit pendulous, clavate,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>1–2.2 cm, wingless. Fl. May–Sep, fr. Jun–Oct.<br />
● Semiopen forests or scrubby vegetation, on limestone rocks;<br />
100–800 m. Guangdong, Guangxi.<br />
This is a common species.<br />
82. Begonia limprichtii Irmscher, Repert. <strong>Sp</strong>ec. Nov. Regni Veg.<br />
Beih. 12: 440. 1922.<br />
蕺 叶 秋 海 棠 ji ye qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia houttuynioides T. T. Yu.<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate; internodes distinct. Leaves<br />
basal; stipules caducous, ovate-triangular, 5–7 mm, glabrous,<br />
apex acuminate; petiole 3–8 cm, densely brown villous; blade<br />
ovate or broadly ovate, asymmetric, 5–8 × 4–7 cm, abaxially<br />
villous, adaxially red setose, venation palmate, 7-veined, base<br />
shallowly cordate, margin remotely and irregularly denticulate,<br />
very shallowly divided, apex shortly caudate or acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
8–16 cm tall, subglabrous or glabrous; peduncle 1–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>3 cm; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 6–10 × 2–4 mm, margin ciliate,<br />
apex acuminate and shortly cuspidate. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
ca. 4 mm; tepals 4, white or rarely pink, outer 2 broadly<br />
ovate, <strong>1.</strong>8–2 × ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm, abaxially pilose, inner 2 broadly<br />
elliptic, ca. 10 × 5 mm; filaments 1–2 mm; anthers obovoid, ca.<br />
0.8 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca. 2.2 cm;<br />
ovary pilose, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; tepals 4 or<br />
5, unequal, largest suborbicular, broadly oblong, or broadly<br />
ovate, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm, smallest oval or oblong, (3–)10 × (2–)5 mm;<br />
styles 2, fused to halfway; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule<br />
nodding, obovoid-oblong, 10–13 × 7–9 mm, unequally 3-<br />
winged; abaxial wing ligulate, 13–17 × 5–9 mm; lateral wings<br />
3–5 mm. Fl. Jun, fr. Aug. 2n = 22*.<br />
● Mountain slopes; 500–1700 m. Sichuan, Yunnan.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia ruboides but differs by its very<br />
shallowly lobed leaf blade and 2-loculed ovary.<br />
83. Begonia lipingensis Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
6: 353. 1927.<br />
黎 平 秋 海 棠 li ping qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Stems erect, 7–18 cm tall. Leaves<br />
mostly basal; stipules caducous; petiole 9–19 cm, rusty villous;<br />
blade broadly ovate, slightly asymmetric, 4–6 × 4–6 cm, abaxially<br />
sparsely hairy, adaxially hairy, venation palmate, 6- or 7(or<br />
8)-veined, base slightly oblique, cordate, margin irregularly denticulate,<br />
distinctly lobed, divided to more than 1/2 of leaf length;<br />
lobes 6 or 7(or 8), oblong-ovate or triangular, apex acuminate.<br />
Inflorescences 6–12 cm, usually glabrous. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–2.3 cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>4–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>7 × <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, base slightly cordate, abaxially rusty villous,<br />
inner 2 obovate, 1–<strong>1.</strong>1 cm × 6–7 mm; stamens numerous; filaments<br />
ca. 3 mm, fused to halfway; anthers oblong-obovoid, ca.<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 cm; tepals 6; ovary<br />
villous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate. Capsule nodding,<br />
abaxial wing ca. <strong>1.</strong>1 cm, apex rounded; lateral wings ca. 2<br />
mm. Fl. Jul–Aug.<br />
● Forests, scrubby vegetation, on rocks in shaded moist environments;<br />
300–1100 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia digyna but differs by its larger<br />
staminate flowers.<br />
84. Begonia lithophila C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 257.<br />
1995.<br />
石 生 秋 海 棠 shi sheng qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers 8–15 mm in diam. Leaves 1 or<br />
2, basal; stipules caducous; petiole 2–12 cm, glabrous or subglabrous;<br />
blade often reddish abaxially, 5-parted, asymmetric,
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 183<br />
7–17 × 3–17 cm, abaxially subglabrous, adaxially sparsely hirsute,<br />
base cordate, margin serrulate, distinctly divided to 1/2 of<br />
leaf length or more; lobes 2–9 cm, apex acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
terminal, racemose at base, 12–18(–20) cm, glabrous or<br />
subglabrous; bracts oblong-lanceolate, 5–8 mm, margin glandular<br />
ciliate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm; tepals 4, outer<br />
2 broadly ovate, 10–12 × 7–8 mm, glabrous, inner 2 elliptic, ca.<br />
10 × 3–4 mm; stamens numerous; filaments 1–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm, free; anthers<br />
obovoid, ca. 0.9 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals 3, outer 2<br />
broadly oblong, ca. 10 × 8 mm, inner 1 oblong, ca. 7 × 2 mm;<br />
ovary oblong, glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, undivided;<br />
styles 3, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 mm, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule<br />
pendulous, ellipsoid, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing lanceolate,<br />
ca. 3 cm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Sep–Oct, fr. Nov. 2n =<br />
24*.<br />
● Uplifted coral rocks, limestone caves; 1700–2000 m. Yunnan<br />
(Lunan, Yiliang).<br />
85. Begonia liuyanii C. I Peng et al., Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 46:<br />
245. 2005.<br />
刘 演 秋 海 棠 liu yan qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia gigaphylla Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen.<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, stout, 1–2.5 cm<br />
in diam. Leaves all basal; stipules caducous, narrowly triangular,<br />
herbaceous; petiole 13–22 cm, villous or lanuginose; blade<br />
abaxially pale, adaxially green or dark green, obliquely broadly<br />
ovate or suborbicular, 23–50 × 16–40 cm, subleathery, adaxially<br />
± nitid, sparsely setose, basally 6- or 7-veined, tertiary<br />
veins percurrent and reticulate, base deeply cordate, margin<br />
shortly ciliate, apex shortly acuminate. Inflorescences diffusely<br />
thyrsoid; flowers 13–100 in a thyrsoid cyme; peduncle 20–41<br />
cm; bracts caducous, ovate or oblong, 1–3 × 1–2.5 mm. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm; tepals 4, outer 2 tepals greenish<br />
yellow or sometimes reddish, 7–9 × 8–9 mm, apex rounded<br />
or obtuse, rarely acute; inner 2 tepals obovate, oblong, or<br />
lanceolate; androecium actinomorphic; stamens 30–40; filaments<br />
fused at base; anthers obovoid, apex subtruncate or subemarginate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–2.5 cm; tepals 3, yellowish<br />
or reddish; ovary ellipsoid, 5–7 × 4–4.5 mm, glandular<br />
hispid, unequally 3-winged, 1-loculed with parietal placentation;<br />
styles 3, fused at base. Capsule nodding, 8–11 × ca. 5 mm.<br />
Fl. Apr–Sep, fr. Jun–Feb. 2n = 30*.<br />
● Broad-leaved forests, shaded, rocky limestone slopes; ca. 200<br />
m. Guangxi (Longzhou).<br />
86. Begonia longanensis C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35: 54.<br />
1997.<br />
隆 安 秋 海 棠 long an qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, creeping. Rhizomes elongate. Leaves basal; stipules<br />
caducous; petiole ca. 20 cm, hispidulous; blade suborbicular<br />
or broadly ovate, asymmetric, ca. 15 × 16.5 cm, abaxially<br />
hispidulous, adaxially glabrous or subglabrous, venation palmate,<br />
8-veined, base oblique, deeply cordate, margin remotely<br />
denticulate, apex shortly caudate. Inflorescences ca. 12 cm tall,<br />
pubescent; bracts not seen. Staminate flowers: pedicel 5–12<br />
mm; tepals 4, outer 2 broadly ovate, ca. 11 × 8 mm, abaxially<br />
puberulous, adaxially with purple, orbicular dots, inner 2 obovate-oblong,<br />
ca. 10 × 5 mm; stamens numerous; filaments <strong>1.</strong>2–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5 mm, free; anthers obovoid-oblong, ca. 1 mm, apex emarginate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: tepals unknown; ovary obovoid-oblong,<br />
densely shortly setose, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate.<br />
Capsule nodding, obovate-oblong, ca. 2 × 6–7 mm, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing triangular; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Jun.<br />
● Guangxi (Long’an).<br />
87. Begonia longialata K. Y. Guan & D. K. Tian, Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 22: 132. 2000.<br />
长 翅 秋 海 棠 chang chi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, glabrous throughout. Rhizomes elongate. Stems<br />
30–50 cm tall, with many red, linear dots. Leaves basal and<br />
cauline; stipules <strong>1.</strong>6–<strong>1.</strong>9 × <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm; petiole 13–31 cm, glabrous,<br />
with red linear spots; blade suborbicular, slightly asymmetric,<br />
24–44 × 24–41 cm, venation palmate, 5–9-veined, base<br />
deeply cordate, margin irregularly serrulate, distinctly divided<br />
to 2/3 of leaf length; lobes 5–7, apex acuminate; lobules present.<br />
Inflorescence glabrous, 11–23-flowered; peduncle 5–10<br />
cm, with red linear dots; bracts reddish, ovate, <strong>1.</strong>8–2.5 cm.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 2–5 mm; tepals 4, white to pink,<br />
glabrous, outer 2 suborbicular, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>7 × <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, inner 2<br />
narrowly obovate, 10–17 × 8–10 mm; stamens ca. 160; filaments<br />
3–5.5 mm; anthers obovoid, <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>7 mm. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pedicel <strong>1.</strong>8–4.8 cm; tepals 5, white to pink, unequal, largest<br />
broadly obovate, <strong>1.</strong>4–2.3 × <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, smallest obovate to<br />
elliptic, <strong>1.</strong>3–2.1 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm; ovary often brownish red, 2-<br />
loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2(or 3), 4.2–4.8<br />
mm, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding,<br />
obovoid, ca. <strong>1.</strong>6 × 1 cm, unequally 3-winged; wings brownish<br />
red, abaxial wing 3–5 cm; lateral wings ca. 2 mm. Fl. Aug–Dec.<br />
● Rocky slopes; ca. 900 m. SW Yunnan (Gengma).<br />
This species resembles Begonia macrotoma but differs by its<br />
stem, petioles, and peduncle having conspicuous, red, linear dots and<br />
the much longer (3–5 cm) abaxial wing of the capsule.<br />
88. Begonia longicarpa K. Y. Guan & D. K. Tian, Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 22: 13<strong>1.</strong> 2000.<br />
长 果 秋 海 棠 chang guo qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, fragile, 15–30 cm tall. Rhizomes elongate, 5–17 mm<br />
in diam. Leaves basal; stipules triangular, 5–10 mm, glabrous,<br />
apex acuminate and cuspidate; petiole 10–25 cm, minutely<br />
hairy; blade adaxially dark green, narrowly elliptic, asymmetric,<br />
5–26 × 3.5–15 cm, glabrous or abaxially minutely hairy on<br />
veins, venation palmate-pinnate, 5–10-veined, base oblique, cordate,<br />
margin remotely and minutely serrulate, apex shortly acuminate.<br />
Inflorescences many, arising from rhizome, 5–14 cm<br />
tall, hairy; peduncle 3–5 cm. Flowers scented. Staminate flowers:<br />
tepals 4, white, outer 2 broadly ovate to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>9–2 ×<br />
1–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, abaxially minutely hairy, inner 2 oblong to broadly<br />
oblong, 7–15 × 3–12.3 mm; stamens ca. 120, fused at base. Pistillate<br />
flowers: tepals 3, white, outer 2 broadly ovate or oblate,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>7 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm; inner 1 elliptic, ca. 13 × 7 mm; ovary clavate,<br />
sparsely shortly pilose when young, 3-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; styles 3, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Cap-
184<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
sule pendulous, clavate, trigonous, 4–5 cm × 5–6 mm, wingless.<br />
Fl. Nov–Dec. 2n = 20*.<br />
Broad-leaved forests or scrubby vegetation, on forest floor with<br />
abundant leaf litter and humus; 100–200 m. SE Yunnan (Hekou) [Vietnam].<br />
89. Begonia longifolia Blume, Catalogus, 102. 1823.<br />
粗 喙 秋 海 棠 cu hui qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia aptera Hayata (1911), not Blume (1827), nor<br />
Roxburgh (1832), nor Decaisne (1834); B. crassirostris Irmscher;<br />
B. hayatae Gagnepain.<br />
Herbs, erect. Rhizomes short, stout. Stems 0.5–<strong>1.</strong>5 m tall,<br />
well branched. Leaves cauline; stipules caducous, narrowly to<br />
broadly ovate, to 2.4 × <strong>1.</strong>9 cm, glabrous, apex acuminate; petiole<br />
8–15 cm, glabrous or subglabrous; blade lanceolate to<br />
broadly lanceolate, asymmetric, 8.5–29 × 3.4–11 cm, glabrous<br />
or subglabrous, venation palmate-pinnate, 7–10-veined, base<br />
oblique, cordate, margin remotely and irregularly denticulate.<br />
Inflorescences strongly reduced, to 5 cm, pendulous; bracts<br />
caducous, ovate to narrowly triangular, to <strong>1.</strong>9 × <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, thickly<br />
papery, glabrous, margin entire, apex mucronate to acuminate.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 5–12 mm; tepals 4, white, outer 2<br />
oblong to very broadly ovate, 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm × 5–10 mm, glabrous,<br />
inner 2 elliptic, 0.6–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm × 4–8.2 mm; stamens 49–93; filaments<br />
free, 0.7–2.5 mm; anthers lorate to broadly lorate, <strong>1.</strong>7–<br />
2.6 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 5–12 mm;<br />
tepals 6, white, subequal, broadly elliptic to orbicular, 7–12 ×<br />
5–9 mm; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule<br />
pendulous, subglobose, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm in diam., wingless or 3-<br />
horned. Fl. Apr–May, fr. Jul. 2n = 22*.<br />
Forests, shaded moist environments; 200–2200 m. Fujian, Guangdong,<br />
Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan<br />
[Bhutan, NE India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand,<br />
Vietnam].<br />
Nearly all species of Begonia are very narrowly distributed. Begonia<br />
longifolia is probably the most widespread species in the genus. It<br />
resembles B. acetosella when sterile, differing by being monoecious,<br />
having a 3-loculed ovary, 6-tepaled pistillate flowers, and a remotely<br />
denticulate leaf margin.<br />
90. Begonia longistyla Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen, Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 27: 367. 2005.<br />
长 柱 秋 海 棠 chang zhu qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes 7–10 cm × 2–4 mm,<br />
sparsely hairy. Leaves all basal; stipules generally persistent,<br />
reflexed, triangular; petiole 3–5 cm, densely strigose; blade<br />
ovate, 6–10 × 4–6 cm, papery, rugose, abaxially densely hairy<br />
on veins, adaxially densely tuberculate based pilose-setulose,<br />
base obliquely deeply cordate, margin serrulate and ciliate, apex<br />
obtuse. Inflorescences with 20–40 flowers in a dichasial cyme;<br />
peduncle 4–8 cm, glabrous; bracts ovate, apex mucronate. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicels 7–8 mm, glabrous; bracteoles ovate, 2–3<br />
× 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm, apex obtuse; tepals 4, glabrous, outer 2 green,<br />
orbicular, 4–5 mm in diam., inner 2 greenish, obovate, 4.5–5 ×<br />
3–3.5 mm; stamens numerous; filaments fused up to half from<br />
base; anthers obovoid, 0.3–0.4 × 0.3–0.4 mm, apex emarginate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: tepals 3, glabrous; ovary coniform, 7–8 × 3–4<br />
mm, glabrous, 3-winged, apex with beak <strong>1.</strong>5–2 mm, 1-loculed<br />
with parietal placentation; styles 3, usually fused up to half<br />
from base. Capsule nodding, ovate, 6–7 × 3–4 mm, with 3 persistent<br />
styles; wings 3, subequal, lunate, glabrous. Fl. Feb–Jun,<br />
fr. from Apr–Jun.<br />
● Limestone slopes in dense broad-leaved forests, at streamsides;<br />
200–300 m. Yunnan (Gejiu, Hekou).<br />
9<strong>1.</strong> Begonia lukuana Y. C. Liu & C. H. Ou, Bull. Exp. Forest<br />
Natl. Chung Hsing Univ. 4: 6. 1982.<br />
鹿 谷 秋 海 棠 lu gu qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, erect. Rhizomes short. Stems to 45–90 cm tall, glabrous.<br />
Leaves all cauline; stipules caducous, narrowly ovate to<br />
ovate, to 2.8 × 2 cm; petiole 6–26 cm, glabrous; blade abaxially<br />
purple-red, adaxially usually dark green, lanceolate to narrowly<br />
ovate, asymmetric, 9–33 × 5–14 cm, remotely scaberulous,<br />
venation palmately-pinnate, 7–10-veined, base oblique, cordate,<br />
margin irregularly serrulate, apex acuminate to cuspidate. Inflorescences<br />
glabrous, 6–13 cm; peduncle to 9 cm; bracts caducous,<br />
narrowly ovate, to 2.4 × <strong>1.</strong>5 cm, glabrous. Staminate flowers:<br />
tepals 4, white or pinkish, outer 2 obovate to very broadly<br />
ovate, 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm × 6–13 mm, inner 2 oblanceolate to narrowly<br />
obovate, 0.6–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm × 5–11 mm; stamens 64–89; filaments<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>9 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, <strong>1.</strong>9–2.2 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: tepals 5(or 6), white or pinkish, glabrous, unequal to<br />
subequal, narrowly obovate to broadly ovate, largest 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>4 ×<br />
0.7–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm, smallest 7–12 × 3–7 mm; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed;<br />
placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, fused at base; stigmas<br />
2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule pendulous to nodding, ovoid, <strong>1.</strong>2–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing <strong>1.</strong>6–2.2 cm; lateral<br />
wings smaller. 2n = 52*.<br />
● Shaded moist forest floors, trailsides; 700–1600 m. WC Taiwan<br />
(Jiayi, Nantou).<br />
92. Begonia luochengensis S. M. Ku et al., Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin.<br />
45: 357. 2004.<br />
罗 城 秋 海 棠 luo cheng qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, 8–20 mm in diam.<br />
Leaves all basal; stipules triangular-ovate, 7–10 × 7–9 mm;<br />
petiole 8–30 cm, hirsute-villous; blade abaxially reddish, adaxially<br />
with a white band along midvein, pale green near major<br />
veins, dark brownish to purplish red between major veins,<br />
obliquely ovate to ovate, 10–25 × 5–18 cm, papery, both surfaces<br />
densely pilose, basally 7-veined, tertiary veins fine, randomly<br />
reticulate, base cordate, margin denticulate, apex acuminate<br />
to caudate. Inflorescences with 7–14 flowers in a dichasial<br />
cyme; peduncle 8–22 cm; bracts oblong. Staminate flowers:<br />
tepals 4, outer 2 ovate-orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>2 × <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm, inner 2<br />
broadly oblanceolate, ca. 12 × 6.5 mm; androecium zygomorphic;<br />
stamens 20–27; filaments nearly free, subequal, apex subemarginate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: tepals 3, outer 2 pinkish, broadly<br />
ovate-orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>4 × <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, inner 1 obovate, apex<br />
rounded; ovary pinkish, glabrous, unequally 3-winged, 1-loculed<br />
with parietal placentation; abaxial wing oblong to nearly<br />
triangular; styles 3, nearly free; stigmas U-shaped or nearly<br />
reniform. Capsule nodding, 11–17 × 6–7 mm. Fl. Aug–Nov, fr.<br />
Sep–Dec. 2n = 30*.
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 185<br />
● Semishaded, dry or slightly moist limestone hills; 200–300 m.<br />
Guangxi (Luocheng).<br />
93. Begonia luzhaiensis T. C. Ku, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 37: 287.<br />
1999.<br />
鹿 寨 秋 海 棠 lu zhai qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, 5–15 mm in<br />
diam.; internodes 3–5 mm. Leaves all basal; stipules triangular;<br />
petiole 5–19 cm, hirsute-villous or sparsely villous; blade adaxially<br />
often pale green to white on angles between or near veins,<br />
obliquely ovate or suborbicular, 5–20 × 4–13 cm, often angularly<br />
shallowly lobed, abaxially sparsely or moderately hirsute<br />
on veins, adaxially pilose, sparsely tomentose, or very sparsely<br />
scaberulous, basally 5- or 6-veined, tertiary veins fine, randomly<br />
reticulate, base deeply cordate, margin denticulate or crenulate,<br />
apex acuminate or acute. Inflorescences with 8–10 flowers<br />
in a dichasial cyme; peduncle 9–35 cm. Staminate flowers:<br />
tepals 4, outer 2 ovate, broadly ovate, or suborbicular, 5–14 ×<br />
5–10 mm, apex obtuse or acute, inner 2 oblanceolate, 3–10 × 2–<br />
4 mm; androecium zygomorphic; stamens 10–55; filaments 1–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5 mm; anthers oblong, 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 mm, apex subemarginate. Pistillate<br />
flowers: tepals 3, outer 2 5–14 × 5–15 mm, inner 1 oblanceolate,<br />
3–10 × 2–4 mm; ovary glabrous; placentae parietal;<br />
styles 3. Capsule nodding, ellipsoid, 6–18 × 4–6 mm, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing oblong or triangular, 5–13 mm, apex<br />
obtuse or acute. Fl. May–Nov, fr. Jun–Jan.<br />
● Limestone hills, rocky slopes, in caves with some penetrating<br />
light; 100–700 m. Guangxi.<br />
94. Begonia macrotoma Irmscher, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh<br />
21: 4<strong>1.</strong> 195<strong>1.</strong><br />
大 裂 秋 海 棠 da lie qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, to 40 cm tall. Rhizomes elongate, 5–20 mm in<br />
diam. Stems glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules ovate,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>9 × <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, glabrous; petiole 7–15.5 cm, glabrous; blade<br />
oblong, slightly asymmetric, 12–15 × 14–18 cm, abaxially glabrous,<br />
adaxially sparsely hirsute, venation palmate, 5–7-veined,<br />
base slightly oblique, cordate, margin irregularly serrulate, divided<br />
to 2/3 of leaf length; lobes 5–7, apex acuminate; lobules<br />
present. Inflorescence glabrous; peduncle 5–15 cm; bracts oval,<br />
ca. 13 × 8 mm. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>9 cm; tepals 4,<br />
pink, outer 2 broadly elliptic, ca. 10 × 7 mm, inner 2 ovate, ca.<br />
7 × 5 mm; stamens numerous; filaments 1–2 mm; anthers oblong,<br />
1–<strong>1.</strong>2 mm; connectives elongate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel<br />
<strong>1.</strong>4–2 cm; ovary obovoid, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, 2-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; tepals 3, outer 2 broadly elliptic, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 ×<br />
<strong>1.</strong>1 cm, inner 1 elliptic, ca. 12 × 7 mm; styles 2.5–6 mm, fused<br />
to halfway; stigmas 2, spiraled. Capsule nodding, obovoid-oblong,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–2 cm × ca. 7 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing<br />
ca. 4 mm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Aug, fr. Sep.<br />
Forests, by streams; 1200–1500 m. Yunnan (Lincang, Shuangjiang)<br />
[NE India, Nepal, Vietnam].<br />
95. Begonia malipoensis S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 16: 333. 1994.<br />
麻 栗 坡 秋 海 棠 ma li po qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes short. Stems repent, ascendent on upper<br />
part, red hirsute. Leaves cauline; stipules ovate-triangular, ca. 1<br />
× 0.5 cm, abaxially puberulous, apex acuminate; petiole 5–15<br />
mm, densely red hirsute; blade abaxially red on veins, ovate,<br />
asymmetric, 7–8 × 9–11 cm, herbaceous, abaxially densely hirsute,<br />
adaxially sparsely setulose, base oblique, cordate, margin<br />
serrate, shallowly divided; lobes 5 or 6, triangular, apex acute.<br />
Inflorescences densely red hirsute; peduncle 3–8 cm. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel red, ca. 0.7 cm, densely red setulose; tepals 4,<br />
pink, outer 2 broadly elliptic, ca. 8 × 5 mm, abaxially red hirsute,<br />
inner 2 suborbicular, ca. 4 mm in diam., abaxially red hirsute;<br />
stamens numerous; filaments free, ca. 1 mm; anthers obovoid-oblong,<br />
ca. 1 mm, apex widened, obtuse. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>1 cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 obovate-oblong, ca.<br />
2.5 × <strong>1.</strong>5 cm, inner 2 sparsely red setulose; ovary red hirsute, 3-<br />
loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, fused at base;<br />
stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule obovoid, ca. 1 cm, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing ligulate; lateral wings subequal.<br />
● Shaded, scrubby mountain slopes; ca. 1300 m. Yunnan (Malipo).<br />
96. Begonia manhaoensis S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta<br />
Bot. Yunnan. 21: 2<strong>1.</strong> 1999.<br />
蛮 耗 秋 海 棠 man hao qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate; <strong>1.</strong>2–2 cm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules persistent, ovate-lanceolate, <strong>1.</strong>3–2.6 cm, hairy, apex<br />
acuminate; petiole 11–35 cm, sulcate, densely villous; blade<br />
dark green, broadly ovate, asymmetric, 26–33 × 17–25 cm, herbaceous,<br />
abaxially pubescent, adaxially sparsely pubescent<br />
when young, venation palmate, base oblique, cordate, margin<br />
very shallowly lobed, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
9–43 cm, villous; peduncle 4–28 cm, 3–6 mm in diam.; bracts<br />
caducous, ca. 2.3 × <strong>1.</strong>6 cm. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>1–4.2<br />
cm; tepals 4, white or pinkish, glabrous, outer 2 ovate, 12–15 ×<br />
9–15 mm, inner 2 oblong, 12–18 × 7–12 mm; stamens 50–150;<br />
filaments fused to halfway; anthers narrowly ovoid to oblong,<br />
apex acute. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 2.8–4.2 cm; ovary glabrous,<br />
2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; tepals 5, white or<br />
pinkish, elliptic-oblong, glabrous, unequal, largest 10–15 × 8–<br />
13 mm, smallest 11–18 × 5–11 mm; styles 2, fused to halfway,<br />
6.2–9.2 mm; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, ca. 2<br />
cm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing ligulate, <strong>1.</strong>5–2.4 cm; lateral<br />
wings 4–6 mm.<br />
● Forest understories; 300–800 m. Yunnan (Longling, Pingbian).<br />
97. Begonia masoniana Irmscher ex Ziesenhenne, Begonian<br />
38: 52. 197<strong>1.</strong><br />
铁 甲 秋 海 棠 tie jia qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, <strong>1.</strong>5–2.3 cm in<br />
diam. Leaves all basal; stipules triangular, manifestly keeled;<br />
petiole 10–30 cm, hirsute-villous; blade abaxially pale green,<br />
adaxially with broad blackish brown (red abaxially) bands along<br />
main veins, obliquely broadly ovate to suborbicular, 10–25 × 9–<br />
20 cm, abaxially sparsely villous or hispid on veins, adaxially<br />
with many hairy tipped pustules, sparsely long setose or hirsute,<br />
basally 5–7-veined, base deeply cordate, margin densely denticulate,<br />
apex acuminate or shortly caudate. Inflorescences axil-
186<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
lary; peduncle 10–54 cm, sparsely glandular pilose; pedicel 5–<br />
14 mm; bracts and bracteoles ovate or oblong to lanceolate, 3–5<br />
× 2–3 mm, membranous, margin glandular ciliate, apex acute,<br />
caducous; flowers 20–100 in a dichasial cyme. Staminate flower:<br />
tepals 4, outer 2 broadly ovate or suborbicular, 5–11 × 6–12<br />
mm, inner 2 oblong, 5–8 × 2–4.5 mm, apex obtuse; androecium<br />
actinomorphic; stamens 40–55; anthers obovoid, apex truncate<br />
or subemarginate. Pistillate flower: tepals 3, outer 2 broadly<br />
ovate, oblong-obovate or suborbicular, (6–)8–12 × (4–)7–13 mm,<br />
abaxially glandular hispid, apex rounded, inner 1 oblong or<br />
obovate, 5–7.5 × 2–4.5 mm, apex obtuse; ovary oblong, red<br />
glandular hispid, placentae parietal; styles 3. Capsule nodding,<br />
oblong to ellipsoid, 9–13 × 5–6 mm, reddish, glandular hispid,<br />
unequally 3-winged, largest wing obliquely lunate or ligulate,<br />
4–9 mm. Fl. Mar–Sep, fr. Jun–Sep.<br />
Rocky limestone slopes, in caves under dense forests or shrubberies;<br />
100–300 m. Guangxi (Daxin, Pingxiang) [Vietnam].<br />
Begonia masoniana var. maculata S. K. Chen et al. (Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 8: 222. 1986) was described from a cultivated plant in Kunming,<br />
Yunnan. However, it is from Vietnam and does not occur wild in<br />
China. It has subsequently been raised to species rank under the name<br />
B. variegata Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen (Acta Bot. Yunnan. 27: 372.<br />
2005), based on the same type.<br />
98. Begonia megalophyllaria C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin.<br />
33: 272. 1995.<br />
大 叶 秋 海 棠 da ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, stout, to 3.5 cm in diam.<br />
Leaves basal; stipules caducous, <strong>1.</strong>2–2.7 × <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, membranous;<br />
petiole 20–35 cm, glabrous; blade broadly ovate, asymmetric,<br />
23–26 × 32–34 cm, glabrous, venation palmate, 10- or<br />
11-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin irregularly remotely<br />
serrulate, apex rounded or acute. Inflorescences glabrous. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–2.2 cm; tepals 4, white, outer 2 ovate,<br />
9–13 × 10–16 mm, inner 2 ovate, 9–16 × 8–11 mm; stamens ca.<br />
200; filaments 3.3–6.7 mm; anthers <strong>1.</strong>8–2.5 mm. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–2 cm; tepals 5, white, unequal, broadly ovate to<br />
ovate, largest 12–14 × 9–10 mm, smallest 14–15 × 8–11 mm;<br />
ovary glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2,<br />
free, ca. 6.8 mm; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing ligulate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 × 6–7 cm,<br />
apex obtuse; lateral wings lunate, ca. 3 mm. Fr. Oct.<br />
● Shaded moist forests, on steep slopes; 800–1000 m. Yunnan<br />
(Pingbian).<br />
99. Begonia mengtzeana Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 536. 1939.<br />
蒙 自 秋 海 棠 meng zi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, erect. Stems <strong>1.</strong>5–2 mm in diam., brown villous.<br />
Leaves basal and cauline; stipules persistent, suborbicular or<br />
reniform, 6–7 × 8–12 mm, abaxially setose, margin irregularly<br />
ciliate, apex obtuse or rounded; petiole 0.5–4 cm, densely brown<br />
villous; blade purple, light green on veins, ovate or broadly ovate,<br />
rarely oblate-orbicular, asymmetric, 5–6 × 5–8 cm, sparsely hispidulous,<br />
venation palmate, 5- or 6-veined, base oblique, cordate,<br />
margin irregularly denticulate, distinctly divided; lobes 3–<br />
5, triangular, apex long acuminate or long caudate. Inflorescences<br />
brown villous; peduncle 2.4–3.4 cm; bracts ovate, 9–10<br />
× 6–7 mm, margin ciliate, apex shortly acuminate. Staminate<br />
flowers: tepals 4, white, outer 2 oval, <strong>1.</strong>8–2.2 × <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm,<br />
abaxially villous, inner 2 obovate, <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>8 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm; filaments<br />
fused at base; anthers obovoid, 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: tepals 5, white, unequal, largest oval, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>7 × <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>3<br />
cm, abaxially villous, smallest elliptic, ca. 9 × 6.5 mm, glabrous;<br />
ovary oblate-obovoid, 6–7.5 × 3.5–4.5 mm, densely<br />
brown villous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2,<br />
2.3–3 mm, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule immature,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing subtriangular; lateral<br />
wings smaller. Fl. Oct, fr. Dec.<br />
● Forests, shaded moist environments; 1700–2500 m. Yunnan<br />
(Mengzi).<br />
100. Begonia miranda Irmscher, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh<br />
21: 36. 195<strong>1.</strong><br />
截 裂 秋 海 棠 jie lie qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, 1–2 cm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules caducous; petiole to (11–)28–32 cm, densely reflexed<br />
scalelike hairy; blade ovate to suborbicular, slightly asymmetric,<br />
16–21 × 12–20 cm, abaxially hispidulous and scalelike<br />
hairy on veins, adaxially sparsely hispidulous, venation palmate,<br />
5–7-veined, base slightly oblique, cordate, margin remotely<br />
serrulate, distinctly divided to 2/3 of leaf length; lobes<br />
5–7, apex acuminate or acute; lobules triangular. Inflorescences<br />
with reflexed scalelike hairs; bracts oblong, ca. 9 × 5 mm, glabrous,<br />
apex shortly acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. 2<br />
cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 oblate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>9 cm, inner 2 oblong,<br />
ca. 11 × 5 mm; stamens numerous; filaments 1–3 mm; anthers<br />
obovoid-cuneate, 1–2 mm, apex emarginate or obtuse.<br />
Pistillate flowers: pedicel 2.4–3 cm; tepals 6; ovary 3-loculed;<br />
placentae axile, bilamellate. Capsule nodding, ovoid-oblong,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>8–2 cm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing broadly ligulate,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm; lateral wings lunate, 3–4 mm. Fl. Oct, fr. Nov.<br />
● Forests, shaded moist environments; 1200–1600 m. Yunnan (Jinping,<br />
Pingbian).<br />
10<strong>1.</strong> Begonia modestiflora Kurz, Flora 54: 296. 187<strong>1.</strong><br />
云 南 秋 海 棠 yun nan qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia yunnanensis H. Léveillé, Repert. <strong>Sp</strong>ec. Nov. Regni<br />
Veg. 7: 20. 1909; B. yunnanensis var. hypoleuca H. Léveillé.<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers subglobose. Stems erect, 14–40<br />
cm tall, glabrous, lower part repent, slender, rooting at nodes.<br />
Leaves cauline; stipules ovate, 5–7 mm, membranous, margin<br />
denticulate and ciliate, apex acuminate and shortly cuspidate;<br />
petiole <strong>1.</strong>8–5.5 cm, glabrous; blade triangular, asymmetric, 3.5–<br />
8 × 2.5–5 cm, both surfaces glabrous, venation palmate, 5–7-<br />
veined, base strongly oblique, shallowly cordate, margin irregularly<br />
serrate, apex long acuminate. Inflorescences terminal and<br />
axillary, glabrous; terminal inflorescence with distal staminate<br />
flowers and basal pistillate flowers; axillary inflorescences with<br />
1 or 2 pistillate flowers; bracts ovate, 6–7 mm, margin denticulate<br />
and ciliate, apex acuminate and cuspidate. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 6–10 mm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 broadly ovate, 5–7
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 187<br />
× ca. 4.5 mm, glabrous, inner 2 narrowly elliptic, ca. 3 × 1 mm;<br />
stamens numerous; filaments fused at base; anthers narrowly<br />
elliptic, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 mm, apex acute. Pistillate flowers: bracteole 1,<br />
caducous, margin denticulate; tepals 5, unequal, largest broadly<br />
ovate, 7–8 × 6–7 mm, glabrous, apex obtuse or acute, smallest<br />
narrowly elliptic, 6–7 × ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 mm, apex obtuse; ovary glabrous,<br />
3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, fused at<br />
base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule pendulous, ca. 10 × 6<br />
mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular, <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm;<br />
lateral wings smaller. Fl. Aug, fr. Sep.<br />
Forests, shaded moist environments by streams; 500–1400 m.<br />
Yunnan (Jinghong, Simao) [India, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand].<br />
102. Begonia morifolia T. T. Yu, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol.,<br />
n.s., 1: 119. 1948.<br />
桑 叶 秋 海 棠 sang ye qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia anceps Irmscher.<br />
Herbs. Stems to 40 cm, slender and trailing at base, erect<br />
above, villous when young. Leaves cauline; stipules triangularovate,<br />
8–10 mm, abaxially villous; petiole <strong>1.</strong>5–2.5 cm, densely<br />
villous; blade ovate or narrowly ovate, asymmetric, 6–9 × 3.5–<br />
4.5 cm, papery, sparsely hispidulous, venation palmate-pinnate,<br />
base oblique, cordate, margin sharply denticulate, apex long<br />
acuminate. Inflorescences hairy; bracts ovate, 8–9 mm, abaxially<br />
pubescent, margin serrate. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca.<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 4(or 5), pink, hairy, outer 2 ovate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × 1 cm,<br />
abaxially villous, inner 2 narrow, ovate-oblong, ca. 8 × 2 mm;<br />
stamens numerous; filaments ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 mm, free; anthers elliptic,<br />
ca. 1 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5, hairy,<br />
outer 2 broadly ovate, ca. 10 × 8 mm, inner 2 narrow, ovate-oblong,<br />
ca. 7 × 3.5 mm; ovary 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule pendulous, oblong,<br />
ca. 10 × 7 mm, unequally 3-winged. Fl. Oct–Nov, fr. Dec.<br />
● Forests, shaded moist environments; 1300–1600 m. Yunnan<br />
(Malipo, Xichou).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia alveolata but differs by its<br />
sharply denticulate leaf margin and abaxially hairy outer tepals.<br />
103. Begonia morsei Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 554. 1939.<br />
龙 州 秋 海 棠 long zhou qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, tortuous, crispedpilose.<br />
Leaves all basal; stipules caducous, ovate or triangular,<br />
5–7.5 × 3–4 mm, ciliate; petiole 4–16 cm, hirsute-villous; blade<br />
adaxially with a whitish band, obliquely broadly ovate, 5–14 ×<br />
4–10.5 cm, papery, abaxially crisped-pilose, major veins villous,<br />
adaxially densely tuberculate-based setulose, basally 5–7-<br />
veined, tertiary veins percurrent and reticulate, base cordate,<br />
margin denticulate or serrulate, apex acute or acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
axillary; peduncle 6.5–12 cm; flowers 3–15 in a dichasial<br />
cyme; bracts caducous. Staminate flower: pedicel 0.6–2<br />
cm; tepals 4, outer 2 broadly ovate or suborbicular, 6–11 × 6.5–<br />
10 mm, apex rounded, inner 2 obovate-oblong, ca. 7 × 3 mm,<br />
apex obtuse; androecium zygomorphic; stamens numerous; filaments<br />
0.7–<strong>1.</strong>3 mm, fused at base into a short column; anthers<br />
obovoid, 0.7–0.9 mm. Pistillate flower: tepals 3, outer 2 broadly<br />
ovate, inner 1 smaller; ovary ellipsoid, glabrous, l-loculed with<br />
parietal placentation; styles 3. Capsule nodding, oblong, 5–10 ×<br />
3.5–5 mm, subequally 3-winged, wings lunate.<br />
● Rock walls of caverns, shaded rocky places of forest understories,<br />
understories of secondary forests on limestone hills; ca. 700 m.<br />
Guangxi.<br />
1a. Leaf blade adaxially with a white,<br />
ring-shaped band; inflorescences and<br />
flowers glabrous ...................................... 103a. var. morsei<br />
1b. Leaf blade adaxially with white spots in<br />
intercostal areas; inflorescences and<br />
flowers hairy ................................... 103b. var. myriotricha<br />
103a. Begonia morsei var. morsei<br />
龙 州 秋 海 棠 ( 原 变 种 ) long zhou qiu hai tang (yuan bian<br />
zhong)<br />
Leaf blade adaxially with a white, ring-shaped band. Inflorescences<br />
and flowers glabrous.<br />
● Rock walls of caverns, shaded rocky places of forest understories.<br />
Guangxi (Longzhou).<br />
103b. Begonia morsei var. myriotricha Y. M. Shui & W. H.<br />
Chen, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 27: 368. 2005.<br />
密 毛 龙 州 秋 海 棠 mi mao long zhou qiu hai tang<br />
Leaf blade adaxially with white spots in intercostal areas.<br />
Inflorescences and flowers hairy.<br />
● Understories of secondary forests on limestone hills; ca. 700 m.<br />
Guangxi (Debao).<br />
This variety is somewhat similar to Begonia picturata but differs<br />
by its much smaller flowers and intercostal spots on the adaxial leaf<br />
surface.<br />
104. Begonia muliensis T. T. Yu, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol.,<br />
n.s., 1: 119. 1948.<br />
木 里 秋 海 棠 mu li qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous, 20–30 cm tall. Tubers 1–2 cm in diam.<br />
Leaves 1(or 2); stipules caducous, triangular-ovate, ca. 5 mm,<br />
membranous; petiole 14–21 cm, pilose; blade broadly cordateovate,<br />
asymmetric, 9–14 × 11–17 cm, abaxially sparsely hispidulous,<br />
adaxially sparsely hirsute, venation palmate, 7-veined,<br />
base cordate, slightly asymmetric, margin irregularly serrate,<br />
shallowly divided to ca. 1/3 of leaf length; lobes 5–7, apex acuminate.<br />
Inflorescences terminal, racemose at base, 16–30 cm tall,<br />
pilose; bracts ovate-lanceolate, ca. 5 mm, glabrous, apex acute.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 8–12 mm; tepals 4, pinkish, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate, ca. 10 × 9 mm, abaxially pilose, inner 2 oblanceolate,<br />
9–11 × 3–4 mm; stamens numerous; filaments ca. <strong>1.</strong>2<br />
mm, fused at base; anthers broadly oblong, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 × 1 mm,<br />
apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 2–2.5 cm; tepals 3,<br />
outer 2 ovate, ca. 8 × 6 mm, abaxially pilose or subglabrous,<br />
inner 1 elliptic, ca. 6 × 3 mm; ovary glabrous, veins distinct, 3-<br />
loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, fused at base; stigmas<br />
2-cleft, U-shaped. Capsule pendulous, obovoid-oblong to<br />
oblong, 8–10 × 5–6 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × 1 cm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Aug, fr. Sep.<br />
2n = 24*.
188<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
● Forests, rocks in moist environments; 1800–2600 m. SW Sichuan,<br />
Yunnan (Zhongdian).<br />
This species is scarcely distinguishable from Begonia taliensis; it<br />
differs merely by the relatively shallowly lobed leaves.<br />
105. Begonia nantoensis M. J. Lai & N. J. Chung, Quart. J. Exp.<br />
Forest. 6: 60. 1992.<br />
南 投 秋 海 棠 nan tou qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate. Stems to 100 cm tall, pubescent<br />
when young. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules caducous,<br />
ovate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm; petiole 8–25 cm, pubescent when young;<br />
blade ovate, asymmetric, 12–18 × 8–14 cm, pubescent, venation<br />
palmate, 8–10-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin irregularly<br />
denticulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences pubescent.<br />
Staminate flowers: usually prematurely dropped in bud with<br />
abortive pollen; tepals 4, pinkish, outer 2 broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>6–2.3<br />
× <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, abaxially pubescent, inner 2 elliptic, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm<br />
× 5–7 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5, pinkish, unequal, largest<br />
<strong>1.</strong>7–2 × <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, abaxially pubescent, smallest elliptic, ca.<br />
12 × 7 mm; ovary pubescent, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 2, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule<br />
nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing falcate, ca. 2.5<br />
cm; lateral wings smaller.<br />
● Taiwan (Nantou).<br />
This is a natural hybrid between Begonia palmata and B. chitoensis.<br />
Further studies to confirm its hybrid status and putative parents are<br />
in progress by C. I Peng and associates.<br />
106. Begonia ningmingensis D. Fang et al., Bot. Stud. 47: 97.<br />
2006.<br />
宁 明 秋 海 棠 ning ming qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes 2–10 cm or longer, 2.5–16<br />
mm in diam.; internodes 3–17 mm. Leaves all basal; stipules<br />
triangular or nearly so, 4–16 × 2.5–10 mm; petiole 3–24 cm, 2–<br />
5 mm in diam., hirsute-villous; blade abaxially usually reddish,<br />
adaxially often with white spots along major veins, broadly<br />
ovate, suborbicular, or reniform, papery or thinly so, rugose,<br />
adaxially pilose-setose, basally 6–8-veined, tertiary veins reticulate<br />
and percurrent, base cordate, margin denticulate and ciliolate.<br />
Inflorescences axillary, flowers 5–21 in a dichasial cyme;<br />
peduncle 4–21 cm, glabrous to sparsely villous; bracts ovate,<br />
oblong, or ligulate, margin denticulate and ciliate or ciliolate.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 0.7–2 cm, glabrous; tepals 4, pinkish<br />
or white; androecium zygomorphic; stamens 20–50; filaments<br />
subequal; anthers subemarginate at apex. Pistillate flowers:<br />
tepals 3, 2 outer, 1 inner, glabrous; ovary ellipsoid, 3-winged, 1-<br />
loculed with parietal placentation; wings unequal or subequal.<br />
Capsule nodding, ellipsoid, apex with persistent styles; lateral<br />
wings 2–3.5 mm tall; abaxial wing lunate or nearly so.<br />
● Broad-leaved forests on limestone hills; 100–400 m. Guangxi.<br />
1a. Leaf broadly ovate or suborbicular,<br />
apex acuminate, shortly acuminate,<br />
or acute; stipules serrulate at margin,<br />
ciliate or ciliolate; tepals of pistillate<br />
flowers caducous, if persistent not<br />
thickened when fruiting .............. 106a. var. ningmingensis<br />
1b. Leaf suborbicular or reniform,<br />
apex rounded or obtuse; stipules<br />
entire at margin, not ciliate; tepals<br />
persistent and thickened in fruit ................ 106b. var. bella<br />
106a. Begonia ningmingensis var. ningmingensis<br />
宁 明 秋 海 棠 ( 原 变 种 ) ning ming qiu hai tang (yuan bian<br />
zhong)<br />
Stipules serrulate at margin, ciliate or ciliolate; leaf blade<br />
broadly ovate to suborbicular, 5.5–19 × 5–13 cm, apex acuminate,<br />
shortly acuminate, or acute. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
7–20 mm, glabrous; tepals 4, outer 2 pinkish or white,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2–2.5 × <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm, inner 2 tepals oblanceolate or narrowly<br />
obovate, 8–18 × 3–5 mm. Pistillate flowers: outer tepals 10–14<br />
× 8–14 mm, caducous or nearly so; styles 3, fused in lower<br />
1/4–1/2. Capsule 9–10 × 4–6 mm, stipe 6–20 mm. Fl. Aug–<br />
Dec, fr. Oct–Jan. 2n = 30*.<br />
● Broad-leaved forests on limestone hills; 100–400 m. Guangxi<br />
(Chongzuo, Longzhou, Ningming).<br />
106b. Begonia ningmingensis var. bella D. Fang ey al., Bot.<br />
Stud. 47: 10<strong>1.</strong> 2006.<br />
丽 叶 秋 海 棠 li ye qiu hai tang<br />
Stipules entire at margin, not ciliate; leaf blade suborbicular<br />
or reniform, 2.8–13.5 × 2.5–12.5 cm, apex rounded or obtuse.<br />
Inflorescences 1–3, flowers 3–15 in a dichasial cyme;<br />
staminate flowers 2–10, pistillate flowers 1–4; peduncle 4–15<br />
cm, <strong>1.</strong>5–2 mm in diam. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–2 cm;<br />
tepals 4, outer 2 suborbicular to oblate, 8–13 × 8–13 mm, inner<br />
2 tepals obovate or narrowly so, 7–8 × 2.5–3.5 mm; androecium<br />
zygomorphic; stamens 20–35; filaments subequal, 1–<strong>1.</strong>5<br />
mm, nearly free or partly fused. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 5–12<br />
mm, bracteole absent; tepals 3, persistent; outer 2 oblate or<br />
suborbicular, 6–10 × 8–10.5 mm; inner 1 obovate or narrowly<br />
so, 4–7 × <strong>1.</strong>5–3.5 mm; ovary 4.5–7 mm, 2–5 mm in diam.<br />
Capsule 7–9 × 4–6 mm, apex with persistent tepals. 2n = 30*.<br />
● Limestone hills; 200–300 m. Guangxi (Daxin).<br />
107. Begonia obliquifolia S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 21: 2<strong>1.</strong> 1999 [“obliquefolia”].<br />
斜 叶 秋 海 棠 xie ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, 4–6 mm in diam.;<br />
internodes 5–10 mm. Leaves all basal; stipules ovate-triangular;<br />
petiole 8–15 cm; blade adaxially greenish on major veins,<br />
brownish to dark green between veins, obliquely broadly ovate,<br />
4.5–12 × 4–7 cm, papery, abaxially pubescent, more densely so<br />
on veins, adaxially tuberculate-based puberulous or nearly hispidulous,<br />
basally 5- or 6-veined, base cordate, margin crenulate<br />
or denticulate, apex acute or acuminate. Inflorescences axillary;<br />
peduncle 11–12 cm, glandular-pilose; flowers 2–10 in a dichasial<br />
cyme; bracts ovate-triangular or broadly ovate. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>3–2 cm; tepals 4, outer 2 broadly ovate or<br />
suborbicular, abaxially pilosulose, inner 2 oblong or oblanceolate;<br />
androecium zygomorphic; stamens numerous; anthers obovoid-oblong,<br />
ca. 1 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>3–2.3 cm;<br />
tepals 3, outer 2 abaxially pilosulose; ovary obovoid, glandularpilose,<br />
1-loculed; placentae parietal; styles 3. Capsule nodding,
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 189<br />
obovoid-ellipsoid, 10–15 × 4–6 mm, glandular pilose, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing obliquely triangular. Fl. Jan, fr. Jan–<br />
Jun.<br />
● Entrances to limestone caves; 1400–1500 m. SE Yunnan<br />
(Malipo).<br />
In FRPS (52(1): 200. 1999) this species was misidentified as the<br />
Vietnamese endemic Begonia bonii Gagnepain.<br />
108. Begonia obsolescens Irmscher, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh<br />
21: 37. 195<strong>1.</strong><br />
不 显 秋 海 棠 bu xian qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia fengii T. C. Ku.<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, 4–8 mm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules membranous, caducous; petiole 2.5–8 cm, sparsely villous;<br />
blade ovate or oblong-ovate, asymmetric, <strong>1.</strong>8–8 × <strong>1.</strong>5–6.2<br />
cm, sparsely hispidulous and adaxially puberulous, venation<br />
palmate-pinnate, (5 or)6-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin<br />
irregularly serrulate, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescences 4–<br />
10 cm tall, villous; bracts caducous, ovate-lanceolate, 3–4 mm,<br />
membranous, apex obtuse. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm;<br />
tepals 4, white to pink, villous, outer 2 broadly ovate or oblong,<br />
7–8.5 × 6–8 mm, inner 2 oblong to elliptic, 5–6 × 2.5–3 mm;<br />
stamens numerous; filaments 1–<strong>1.</strong>8 mm, fused at base; anthers<br />
obovoid-oblong, 1–<strong>1.</strong>1 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers:<br />
tepals 5, white to pink, villous; ovary villous, 3-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate. Capsule nodding, subequally 3-winged;<br />
wings triangular; placentae axile, bilamellate. Fl. Jun, fr. May.<br />
● Forest margins, in scrubby vegetation; 500–1600 m. Guangxi,<br />
SE Yunnan.<br />
109. Begonia oreodoxa Chun & F. Chun ex C. Y. Wu & T. C.<br />
Ku, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 274. 1995.<br />
山 地 秋 海 棠 shan di qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, 8–15 mm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules caducous; petiole 9–24 cm, densely reddish brown<br />
villous; blade ovate-suborbicular or broadly ovate, asymmetric,<br />
11–33 × 13–25 cm, abaxially reddish brown hirsute, adaxially<br />
reddish brown hirsute on veins, venation palmate-pinnate, 7–9-<br />
veined, base oblique, deeply cordate or auriculate-imbricate,<br />
margin irregularly and remotely denticulate, apex acuminate to<br />
shortly caudate. Inflorescences 7–15 cm tall, densely reddish<br />
brown villous; bracts lanceolate, 7–8 mm, margin ciliate. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel 5–10 mm; tepals 4, pinkish to pink, outer<br />
2 broadly ovate to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>3 × <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, abaxially<br />
villous, inner 2 obovate, ca. 10 × 8 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments free, 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.8–0.7 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: tepals 4(or 3), pinkish to pink, outer 2 orbicular, 1–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm, abaxially villous or rarely glabrous, inner<br />
2(or 1) obovate or elliptic, 10–11 × 4–6 mm; ovary villous or<br />
rarely glabrous, 2-loculed at base; placentae parietal toward<br />
apex of ovary, others axile, bilamellate; styles 2, free; stigmas<br />
2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged; adaxial<br />
wing oblate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm, apex rounded; lateral wings smaller. Fl.<br />
Apr.<br />
Forests or scrubby vegetation, shaded moist environments, on<br />
mountain slopes or by streams; 100–1200 m. SE Yunnan [Vietnam].<br />
110. Begonia ornithophylla Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot.<br />
Hamburg 10: 556. 1939.<br />
鸟 叶 秋 海 棠 niao ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, 5–12 mm in<br />
diam.; internodes 6–15 mm. Leaves all basal; stipules caducous,<br />
triangular to broadly ovate; petiole 6–15 cm; blade obliquely<br />
ovate to ovate-lanceolate, rarely broadly ovate, 8–18 × 4.5–14<br />
cm, subleathery, basally 5- or 6-veined, tertiary veins weakly<br />
percurrent and reticulate, base shallowly cordate, margin coarsely<br />
serrate or subentire, apex long acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
axillary; peduncle 10–18 cm; pedicel 9–18 mm, pubescent or<br />
sparsely sericeous-pilose; bracts ovate or oblong, <strong>1.</strong>5–9 × 1–4.5<br />
mm, margin indistinctly serrate, glandulose-ciliate, apex obtuse<br />
or acute; flowers pink. Staminate flower: tepals 4, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>9 × <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, outside pilose<br />
to glabrous, base subrounded, apex rounded or obtuse, inner 2<br />
oblong or obovate-oblong, 7–12.5 × 3–5 mm, base cuneate, apex<br />
obtuse; androecium zygomorphic; stamens 20–40; filaments<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>8 mm, slightly fused at base; anthers cuneate-obovoid, 1–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flower: tepals 3, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate or suborbicular, 12.5–19 × 14–19 mm, inner 1<br />
oblong, 7.5–12 × 3–4.5 mm; ovary oblong-ovoid, 1-loculed, placentae<br />
parietal; styles 3, 4.5–5 mm, fused in lower 1/3. Capsule<br />
with 3 subequal, triangular wings, all wings lunate. Fl. Jan–May,<br />
fr. Mar–Jun.<br />
● On limestone rocks of forest understories; 100–600 m. Guangxi<br />
(Daxin, Longzhou, Ningming).<br />
11<strong>1.</strong> Begonia palmata D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 223. 1825.<br />
裂 叶 秋 海 棠 lie ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, 20–90 cm tall. Rhizomes elongate, to 2.1 cm in<br />
diam. Stem erect, brown villous, floccose-pubescent, or tomentose.<br />
Leaves basal and cauline; stipules caducous, narrowly<br />
ovate, to 2.8 × <strong>1.</strong>8 cm, margin ciliate, apex cuspidate; petiole 5–<br />
40 mm, brown villous, floccose-pubescent, or tomentose; blade<br />
asymmetric, ovate or oblate-orbicular, 12–33 × 6–27 cm, adaxially<br />
hispidulous, sometimes tomentose, venation palmate, 5–<br />
10-veined, base oblique, slightly cordate to cordate, margin<br />
remotely and shallowly denticulate, shallowly to distinctly divided;<br />
lobes 3–7, apex acuminate to long acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
tomentose; bracts caducous, ovate, 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm × 4–8<br />
mm, abaxially brown villous or tomentose, margin ciliate, apex<br />
acute. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–2 cm; tepals 4, white to<br />
pink, outer 2 obovate to orbicular, 1–2.6 × 0.8–2.4 cm, abaxially<br />
villous or tomentose, inner 2 oblanceolate to narrowly obovate,<br />
0.8–2.4 cm × 5–9 mm; stamens 100–200; filaments 0.8–<br />
2.4 mm; anthers narrowly obovoid, <strong>1.</strong>9–2.3 mm. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pedicel 1–2 cm; tepals 5(–7), unequal, oblanceolate to orbicular,<br />
largest 0.8–2.4 × 0.8–2.2 cm, abaxially pubescent, smallest<br />
0.8–2.1 cm × 4–9 mm; ovary brown tomentose or villous, 2-<br />
loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles fused at base; stigmas<br />
2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, obovoid, ca. 15 × 8 mm,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing oblong or oblique-triangular,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>1–3.2 cm; lateral wings much smaller. Fl. Jun–Aug, Nov–<br />
Dec, fr. Jul–Nov. 2n = 22*, 24*.<br />
Evergreen broad-leaved forests, scrubby vegetation, by streams or<br />
on slopes in valleys, on rocks in moist environments by streams; 100–
190<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
3200 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi,<br />
Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, NE India,<br />
Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].<br />
1a. Stem and petiole twisted brown woollytomentose<br />
or twisted-tomentose.<br />
2a. Blade adaxially hirsute ................. 111a. var. palmata<br />
2b. Blade adaxially densely<br />
hispidulous, occasionally<br />
mixed hirsute ........................ 111b. var. bowringiana<br />
1b. Stem and petiole erect- or<br />
floccose-pubescent or<br />
tomentose on local part.<br />
3a. Abaxial surface of leaf blade, petiole,<br />
and stem when young hispidulous<br />
and sparsely hirsute, glabrescent;<br />
blade lobed, base subrounded,<br />
subequal ...................................... 111c. var. laevifolia<br />
3b. Abaxial surfaces of leaf blade, and<br />
stem erect- or floccose-pubescent,<br />
petiole sometimes tomentose, blade<br />
parted, asymmetric at base.<br />
4a. Stem and both surfaces of leaf<br />
blade brown floccose-hirsute;<br />
petiole brown tomentose .... 111d. var. difformis<br />
4b. Stem, petiole, and abaxial<br />
surface of leaf blade hirsute,<br />
adaxially hispidulous (hairs<br />
rounded at base) ......... 111e. var. crassisetulosa<br />
111a. Begonia palmata var. palmata<br />
裂 叶 秋 海 棠 ( 原 变 种 ) lie ye qiu hai tang (yuan bian zhong)<br />
Begonia laciniata Roxburgh; B. laciniata var. nepalensis<br />
A. Candolle; B. laciniata var. tuberculosa C. B. Clarke.<br />
Stem and petiole twisted brown woolly-tomentose; blade<br />
adaxially hirsute.<br />
Scrubby vegetation, evergreen broad-leaved forests, by streams or<br />
on slopes in valleys; 1300–2100 m. Xizang (Mêdog), Yunnan (Gongshan)<br />
[Bangladesh, Bhutan, NE India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand,<br />
Vietnam].<br />
111b. Begonia palmata var. bowringiana (Champion ex Bentham)<br />
Golding & Karegeannes, Phytologia 54: 494. 1984.<br />
红 孩 儿 hong hai er<br />
Begonia bowringiana Champion ex Bentham, J. Bot. Kew<br />
Gard. Misc. 4: 120. 1852; B. edulis H. Léveillé var. henryi H.<br />
Léveillé; B. ferruginea Hayata (1911), not <strong>Linnaeus</strong> f. (1782);<br />
B. kouytcheouensis Guillaumin; B. laciniata subsp. bowringiana<br />
(Champion ex Bentham) Irmscher; B. laciniata var. bowringiana<br />
(Champion ex Bentham) A. Candolle; B. laciniata<br />
subsp. principalis Irmscher; B. randaiensis S. Sasaki; Doratometra<br />
bowringiana (Champion ex Bentham) Seemann.<br />
Stem and petiole densely rusty twisted tomentose; blade<br />
variable in shape, often obliquely ovate, 5–16 × 3.5–13 cm,<br />
abaxially sparsely rusty twisted tomentose, more densely so on<br />
veins, adaxially densely hispidulous, sometimes sparsely hirsute,<br />
base obliquely cordate, lobed or divided to 1/2; lobes<br />
broadly triangular to narrowly triangular, margin toothed, apex<br />
acuminate. Flowers rose or white; tepals abaxially densely hairy.<br />
Fl. Jun, fr. Jul.<br />
● Evergreen broad-leaved forests, on rocks in shaded moist environments<br />
by streams in valleys; 100–2500 m. Fujian, Guangdong,<br />
Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang,<br />
Yunnan.<br />
111c. Begonia palmata var. laevifolia (Irmscher) Golding &<br />
Karegeannes, Phytologia 54: 495. 1984.<br />
光 叶 红 孩 儿 guang ye hong hai er<br />
Begonia laciniata subsp. laevifolia Irmscher, Notes Roy.<br />
Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 21: 43. 195<strong>1.</strong><br />
Stem, petiole, and blade abaxially hispidulous and sparsely<br />
hirsute, glabrescent; blade broadly ovate, ca. 14 × 15 cm, base<br />
rounded, slightly oblique, margin lobed or undulate; lobes<br />
broadly triangular, ca. 3 cm, base 3–4 cm wide, apex acute or<br />
obtuse. Flowers rose; tepals abaxially sparsely hairy. Fruit<br />
sparsely hairy. Fl. Nov–Dec.<br />
● Yunnan (Hekou).<br />
111d. Begonia palmata var. difformis (Irmscher) Golding &<br />
Karegeannes, Phytologia 54: 495. 1984.<br />
变 形 红 孩 儿 bian xing hong hai er<br />
Begonia laciniata subsp. difformis Irmscher, Mitt. Inst.<br />
Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10: 53<strong>1.</strong> 1939.<br />
Stem and both surfaces of leaf blade brown floccose-hirsute;<br />
petiole usually brown tomentose; blade broadly ovate, 14–<br />
18 cm, nearly as long as wide, base obliquely cordate, margin<br />
parted; lobes triangular, 3–6 × <strong>1.</strong>5–2.5 cm, apex acute or shortly<br />
acuminate. Flowers rose; tepals ovate, abaxially pubescent. Fl.<br />
Jul–Aug, fr. Nov.<br />
● Forests, scrubby vegetation, on rocks in moist environments by<br />
streams; 1800–2500 m. SW Yunnan.<br />
111e. Begonia palmata var. crassisetulosa (Irmscher) Golding<br />
& Karegeannes, Phytologia 54: 495. 1984.<br />
刺 毛 红 孩 儿 ci mao hong hai er<br />
Begonia laciniata subsp. crassisetulosa Irmscher, Mitt.<br />
Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10: 532. 1939.<br />
Stem, petiole, and blade abaxially hirsute; blade ovate, 9–<br />
12 × 6–8 cm, base obliquely cordate, margin remotely and minutely<br />
toothed; lobes subtriangular, 1–2 cm, adaxially hispidulous,<br />
hairs rounded at base. Flowers rose; tepals abaxially hirsute.<br />
Fl. Jun.<br />
● Understories of evergreen broad-leaved forests, on rocks in<br />
moist environments by streams; 1500–3200 m. SW and W Yunnan.<br />
112. Begonia parvula H. Léveillé & Vaniot, Repert. <strong>Sp</strong>ec. Nov.<br />
Regni Veg. 2: 113. 1906.<br />
小 叶 秋 海 棠 xiao ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers ca. 8 mm in diam. Leaves usually<br />
2 or 3, basal; stipules ovate-lanceolate, membranous, caducous;<br />
petiole 4–6.5 cm, hairy; blade broadly ovate, nearly sym-
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 191<br />
metric, 2–3.4(–4) × 2–4 cm, pilose or subglabrous, venation<br />
palmate, 5–7-veined, base cordate, margin crenate, apex obtuse.<br />
Inflorescences terminal, 4.5–7 cm tall, with 2 or 3 flowers;<br />
bracts obovate-oblong, margin serrate. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
ca. 2.8 cm; tepals 4, pinkish, outer 2 oblate-orbicular, ca. 8 ×<br />
11 mm, glabrous or abaxially hairy, inner 2 oblong, 8–9 × ca.<br />
3.5 mm; stamens numerous; filaments 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm, free; anthers<br />
obovoid, ca. 1 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5,<br />
unequal, largest oblate to obovate, 8–9 × 7–10 mm, glabrous or<br />
abaxially hairy, smallest oblong-obovate, 6–7 × 2.5–4 mm;<br />
ovary glabrous or hairy, 3-loculed; placentae axile, undivided;<br />
styles 3, fused to halfway; stigmas 2-cleft, U-shaped. Capsule<br />
pendulous, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular; lateral<br />
wings smaller. Fl. Sep. 2n = 28*.<br />
● On rocks; 200–1300 m. Guizhou, Yunnan.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia henryi but differs by its 4-<br />
tepaled staminate flowers and 5-tepaled pistillate flowers.<br />
113. Begonia paucilobata C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33:<br />
275. 1995.<br />
少 裂 秋 海 棠 shao lie qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, ca. 30 cm tall. Rhizomes elongate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm in<br />
diam. Leaves basal; stipules caducous, membranous; petiole<br />
11–14.5 cm, subglabrous; blade broadly pentagonous, slightly<br />
asymmetric, 7–11 × 6.5–9 cm, abaxially subglabrous or hairy,<br />
adaxially sparsely hispidulous, venation palmate, base slightly<br />
cordate to cordate, margin slightly and remotely serrulate, distinctly<br />
divided to 1/2 of leaf length; lobes usually 5, apex acute.<br />
Inflorescences glabrous or hairy; peduncle ca. 13 cm; bracts<br />
caducous, ovate, <strong>1.</strong>5–2 × ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm, glabrous, apex acute. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel ca. 3.2 cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 broadly<br />
ovate, 3–4 × 3–4 cm, glabrous or abaxially hairy, inner 2 elliptic,<br />
ca. 2 × <strong>1.</strong>3 cm; stamens numerous, fused at base; filaments<br />
ca. 2.5 mm; anthers obovoid-oblong, ca. 1 mm. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pedicel ca. 7 mm; tepals 5, ovate to orbicular, glabrous or<br />
abaxially hairy, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>5 × 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; ovary glabrous or hairy,<br />
2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2; stigmas 2-cleft,<br />
spiraled. Capsule nodding, ellipsoid, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm, unequally 3-<br />
winged; abaxial wing ligulate, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, apex rounded; lateral<br />
wings smaller. Fl. Jul–Aug, fr. Sep–Oct.<br />
● Forest understories; 1700–1800 m. Yunnan.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia laminariae but differs by the 5-<br />
lobed blade, which is divided to ca. 1/2 of the leaf length.<br />
1a. Tepals and ovary glabrous .............. 113a. var. paucilobata<br />
1b. Tepals and ovary hairy .................. 113b. var. maguanensis<br />
113a. Begonia paucilobata var. paucilobata<br />
少 裂 秋 海 棠 ( 原 变 种 ) shao lie qiu hai tang (yuan bian zhong)<br />
Tepals and ovary glabrous.<br />
● Forest understories; ca. 1700 m. Yunnan (Suijiang).<br />
113b. Begonia paucilobata var. maguanensis (S. H. Huang &<br />
Y. M. Shui) T. C. Ku, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): 26<strong>1.</strong><br />
1999.<br />
马 关 秋 海 棠 ma guan qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia maguanensis S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta<br />
Bot. Yunnan. 16: 338. 1994.<br />
Tepals abaxially hairy; ovary hairy.<br />
● Forest understories; ca. 1800 m. Yunnan (Maguan).<br />
114. Begonia pedatifida H. Léveillé, Repert. <strong>Sp</strong>ec. Nov. Regni<br />
Veg. 7: 2<strong>1.</strong> 1909.<br />
掌 裂 秋 海 棠 zhang lie qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia pedatifida var. kewensis H. Léveillé.<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, to 2.8 cm in diam. Leaves all<br />
basal or sometimes with 1 cauline leaf; stipules caducous, ovate,<br />
ca. 10 × 8 mm, membranous, apex acute; petiole 10–55 cm,<br />
densely or sparsely villous; blade oblate-orbicular to broadly<br />
ovate, 10–40 cm, abaxially hispidulous, adaxially sparsely hispidulous,<br />
venation palmate, 6- or 7-veined, base cordate, margin<br />
remotely serrulate, distinctly divided to 2/3 of leaf length;<br />
lobes (4 or)5 or 6, apex acuminate; lobules present. Inflorescences<br />
5–16 cm tall, sparsely to densely villous; bracts caducous.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–3.3 cm; tepals 4, white to<br />
pinkish, outer 2 broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>7–2.5 × <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, abaxially<br />
pilose, inner 2 oblong, 14–18 × 7–10 mm; stamens 80–200;<br />
filaments <strong>1.</strong>2–4.9 mm; anthers obovoid-oblong, 1–2.5 mm, apex<br />
emarginate or obtuse. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 1–2.5 cm; tepals<br />
5, white to pink, unequal, largest broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>8–2 × ca.<br />
1 cm, glabrous or abaxially pilose, smallest oblong, 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm<br />
× 5–8 mm; ovary glabrous or pilose, 2-loculed; placentae axile,<br />
bilamellate, styles 2, 4.2–5.5 mm, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled.<br />
Capsule nodding, obovoid, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × 1 cm, unequally 3-winged;<br />
abaxial wing triangular or falcate, <strong>1.</strong>2–2.4 cm; lateral wings<br />
triangular, 4–10 mm. Fl. Jan–Jul, fr. Oct.<br />
● Broad-leaved forests, shaded moist environments; 300–1700 m.<br />
Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan.<br />
115. Begonia peii C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 252. 1995.<br />
小 花 秋 海 棠 xiao hua qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, tuberous, probably deciduous, 7–11 cm tall. Stem<br />
erect, glabrous. Leaves cauline; stipules caducous; petiole 1–<strong>1.</strong>8<br />
cm, glabrous; blade broadly ovate or suborbicular, asymmetric,<br />
1–2.9 × 0.9–3.2 cm, glabrous, venation palmate, 5-veined, base<br />
cordate, margin shallowly crenate, apex rounded or acute. Inflorescences<br />
terminal and axillary; bracts caducous, broadly ovate,<br />
ca. 6 × 6 mm, herbaceous, glabrous, margin dentate. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel 5–10 mm; tepals 4, outer 2 suborbicular, 3.5–4<br />
× 3.5–4 mm; stamens 7–9; filaments fused to 2/3; anthers obovoid,<br />
ca. 1 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals 4, outer 2 suborbicular,<br />
3.5–4 × 3.5–4 mm, inner 2 oblong, ca. 3 × <strong>1.</strong>2 mm; ovary oblong,<br />
glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2,<br />
entirely fused; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule pendulous, oblong,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing oblate-triangular, 2–3<br />
mm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Sep.<br />
● Limestone rocks; ca. 1000 m. Yunnan (Yiwu).<br />
116. Begonia peltatifolia H. L. Li, J. Arnold Arbor. 25: 209.<br />
1944.<br />
盾 叶 秋 海 棠 dun ye qiu hai tang
192<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, to <strong>1.</strong>8 cm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules caducous, ca. 14 × 9 mm; petiole 7–18 cm, glabrous;<br />
blade succulent, peltate, broadly ovate to orbicular, nearly<br />
symmetric, 10–14 × 7.5–10 cm, subglabrous to glabrous,<br />
venation palmate, 10–12-veined, base slightly oblique, rounded,<br />
margin indistinctly crenulate, apex abruptly caudate. Inflorescences<br />
20–39 cm tall, glabrous; bracts caducous, 5.3–9 × 3.9–<br />
8.9 mm. Staminate flowers: pedicel 7–17 mm; tepals 4, pinkish,<br />
outer 2 suborbicular or oblate, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>8 × <strong>1.</strong>7–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm, glabrous,<br />
inner 2 narrowly oblong, 6–10 × 2–5 mm; stamens 28–35; filaments<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–2.2 mm, free; anthers obovoid-oblong, 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>1 mm,<br />
apex obtuse. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 14–18 mm; tepals 3,<br />
pinkish, outer 2 suborbicular, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>7–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, glabrous,<br />
inner 1 oblong, ca. 10 × 5–6 mm; ovary obovoid-oblong, ca. 9<br />
× 4–5 mm, glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3, 4–4.9 mm, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular, 1–<strong>1.</strong>6 × 0.8–<br />
1 cm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Jul.<br />
● Broad-leaved forests, on limestone rocks in semishaded but dry<br />
environments, near mountain summits; ca. 900 m. Hainan (Baisha,<br />
Changjiang).<br />
117. Begonia picta Smith, Exot. Bot. 2: 8<strong>1.</strong> 1805.<br />
樟 木 秋 海 棠 zhang mu qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia echinata Royle.<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers globose, 5–8 mm in diam. Stem<br />
absent or very short. Leaves 1 or 2, basal or cauline; stipules<br />
caducous, ovate-lanceolate, abaxially hairy; petiole 5–8(–15)<br />
cm, pubescent on upper part; blade ovate-cordate, slightly<br />
asymmetric, 5–8 × 4–7 cm, abaxially hirsute, adaxially sparsely<br />
hirsute, venation palmate, 7-veined, base slightly oblique, cordate<br />
to deeply cordate, margin bidentate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
terminal, 6–15(–21) cm tall, pubescent; bracts ovatelanceolate,<br />
abaxially pilose. Staminate flowers: pedicel 5–10<br />
mm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 suborbicular, ca. 9 × 7 mm, abaxially<br />
villous, inner 2 elliptic, 5–6 × ca. 2.5 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments 0.8–1 mm, fused at base; anthers oblong, ca. 1<br />
mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5, pink, largest<br />
broadly obovate, 6–7 × 4–5 mm, smallest elliptic, ca. 3.2 × <strong>1.</strong>3<br />
mm; ovary villous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles<br />
3, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule pendulous,<br />
obovoid, ca. 6 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing lanceolate,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × 0.4 cm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Aug–Sep, fr.<br />
Sep.<br />
Forest margins, on rocks in shaded moist environments by streams<br />
and slopes; 2200–2900 m. Xizang (Nyalam) [N India, Myanmar, Nepal].<br />
This species is similar to Begonia parvula but differs by its bilamellate<br />
placentae.<br />
118. Begonia picturata Yan Liu et al., Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 46:<br />
367. 2005.<br />
一 口 血 秋 海 棠 yi kou xie qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes 5–15 × 0.6–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm; internodes<br />
0.8–3 cm. Leaves all basal; stipules ovate-triangular to<br />
lanceolate-triangular, 10–23 × 6–10 mm; petiole 7–17 cm, 3–6<br />
mm thick; blade with a wide whitish ring-shaped belt, or with<br />
digitate dark brown bands along main veins and at leaf margin,<br />
ovate to broadly ovate, 7–20 × 5.5–14 cm, thickly papery, ±<br />
rugose, abaxially shortly villous, particularly so on veins, adaxially<br />
villous-setose or tomentose-setose, basally 6- or 7-veined,<br />
all veins on abaxial surface prominently raised, base obliquely<br />
deeply cordate. Inflorescences axillary, flowers 4–17 in a dichasial<br />
cyme; peduncle 10–16 cm, hirsute-villous; pedicel hispidvillous;<br />
bracts ovate, oblong, or orbicular. Staminate flowers:<br />
tepals 4, outer 2 suborbicular to oblong; inner 2 obovate, oblong,<br />
or oblanceolate; androecium zygomorphic; stamens 20–<br />
50; anthers oblong-obovoid, apex subemarginate, yellow with<br />
red margin along anther sacs. Pistillate flowers: tepals 3, usually<br />
caducous; outer 2 suborbicular to broadly ovate; inner 1 obovate;<br />
ovary 7–11 × 5–7 mm, red villous-setose or hispid-setose,<br />
3-winged, 1-loculed with parietal placentation; wings unequal,<br />
abaxial wing lunate. Capsule nodding, 10–15 × 6–8 mm; abaxial<br />
wing 6–9 mm tall. Fl. Feb–May, fr. Mar–Jun. 2n = 30*.<br />
● Shaded rocky limestone slopes, in caves; 700–800 m. Guangxi<br />
(Jingxi).<br />
119. Begonia pinglinensis C. I Peng, Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 46:<br />
26<strong>1.</strong> 2005.<br />
坪 林 秋 海 棠 ping lin qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, to 1 cm in diam. Stems 35–50<br />
cm. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules caducous, narrowly ovate<br />
to ovate, to 9.7 × 3.6 mm, glabrous, margin entire, apex acuminate;<br />
petiole often reddish, to 16(–20) cm, hispid or villosulous;<br />
blade narrowly ovate to ovate, asymmetric, 7–16(–25) ×<br />
5–9(–14) cm, pilose to pilose-sericeous, venation palmate, 7–<br />
10-veined, base oblique, shallowly cordate, margin irregularly<br />
serrulate to denticulate, apex acuminate to cuspidate. Inflorescences<br />
to 25 cm, hispid; peduncle to 15 cm; bracts caducous,<br />
narrowly ovate, to 7.5 × 3.5 mm, papery, glabrous, margin entire,<br />
apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: tepals 4, white to pinkish,<br />
outer 2 broadly ovate to ovate, 0.7–2 × 0.6–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, abaxially<br />
hairy, inner 2 oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>7<br />
cm × 4–9 mm; stamens 46–81; filaments free, 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>6 mm;<br />
anthers narrowly oblong to oblanceolate, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>4 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: tepal 5, unequal to subequal, narrowly obovate to<br />
broadly obovate, largest 1–<strong>1.</strong>9 × 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, abaxially hairy,<br />
smallest 6–19 × 5–14 mm; ovary hairy, 2-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; styles 2, 4–5(–5.7) mm, fused at base, stigmas<br />
2-cleft, spiraled. Capsules nodding, trigonous, unequally 3-<br />
winged; abaxial wing triangular to ligulate, <strong>1.</strong>3–2.8 × 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>9<br />
cm; lateral wings smaller. 2n = 38*.<br />
● Forests; 200–300 m. N Taiwan (Taibei).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia chitoensis but differs by its<br />
densely hairy blade and hairy tepals and ovary.<br />
120. Begonia platycarpa Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen, Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 27: 368. 2005.<br />
扁 果 秋 海 棠 bian guo qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizome 4–10 cm, 2–3 mm in diam.,<br />
sparsely hirsute, hairs 2–3 mm; internodes 5–9 mm. Leaves all<br />
basal; stipules mostly persistent, reflexed, triangular, 6–8 × 3–4<br />
mm, adaxially densely pilose; petiole 5–10 cm, hirsute (hairs 3–
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 193<br />
5 mm); blade very broadly ovate, 6–8 × 4–5.5 cm, papery,<br />
abaxially sparsely pilose (hairs 3–4 mm) on veins and glabrous<br />
on other parts, adaxially densely pilose (hairs ca. 3 mm), basally<br />
6-veined, base obliquely deeply cordate, margin serrulate and<br />
with cilia 3–4 mm, apex obtuse. Inflorescences 12–15 flowers<br />
in a dichasial cyme; peduncle 5–8 cm, sparsely pilose (hairs ca.<br />
3 mm); bracts obovate or ovate, 4–7 × 2–3.5 mm, abaxially<br />
sparsely pilose, margin ciliate, apex rounded or acute. Staminate<br />
flowers: tepals 4, outer 2 pink, suborbicular, 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm in<br />
diam., apex with red stripes, outside sparsely pilose, inner 2<br />
white or pinkish, obovate, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>6 × 4–6 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments free, 1–<strong>1.</strong>1 mm; anthers yellow, obovoid, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>3<br />
× 0.5–0.7 mm, apex subemarginate. Pistillate flowers: tepals (2<br />
or)3(or 4), pink, outer 2 orbicular, 1–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm in diam., apex with<br />
red stripes, outside sparsely pilose (hairs ca. 2 mm), inner pinkish,<br />
obovate, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>1 × 3–5 mm; ovary broadly ovoid-ellipsoid,<br />
3-winged, sparsely pilose (hairs ca. 2 mm), 1-loculed with parietal<br />
placentation; styles 3, ca. 2 mm, base slightly fused, stigmas<br />
spirally twisted. Capsule nodding, orbicular, compressed, 7–<br />
8 mm in diam., glabrescent, styles persistent; wings 3, equal, lunate,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–2.2 mm. Fl. Mar–Jun.<br />
● At foot of limestone hills; ca. 900 m. Yunnan (Guangnan).<br />
12<strong>1.</strong> Begonia polytricha C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33:<br />
275. 1995.<br />
多 毛 秋 海 棠 duo mao qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, 20–30 cm tall. Rhizomes elongate, 6–8 mm in<br />
diam. Stems densely brown hirsute. Leaves basal and cauline;<br />
stipules caducous, ovate, membranous, margin ciliate, apex acuminate;<br />
petiole (3–)4–12 cm, densely brown hirsute; blade<br />
ovate, asymmetric, 6–7 × 4–5 cm, abaxially sparsely hispidulous,<br />
adaxially long hirsute, base oblique, cordate, margin dentate,<br />
shallowly lobed, divided to 1/3 of leaf length, apex shortly<br />
caudate. Inflorescences densely brown hirsute; peduncle 1–3<br />
cm; bracts triangular-lanceolate, 4–5 × ca. 3.5 mm, membranous,<br />
margin ciliate, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
ca. 1 cm; tepals 4, outer 2 oblong-ovate, 9–13 × 7–10 mm,<br />
abaxially brown hirsute, inner 2 oblong, ca. 6 × <strong>1.</strong>5–2 mm;<br />
stamens numerous; filaments free, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 mm; anthers oblong,<br />
ca. 0.8 mm, apex obtuse. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca. 1 cm;<br />
tepals 5, orbicular to narrowly oblong, largest ca. 10 × 9 mm,<br />
abaxially hirsute; ovary densely brown hirsute. Capsule unknown.<br />
Fl. Oct.<br />
● Broad-leaved forests, shaded moist environments on slopes;<br />
1800–2200 m. Yunnan (Lüchun, Yuanyang).<br />
122. Begonia porteri H. Léveillé & Vaniot, Repert. <strong>Sp</strong>ec. Nov.<br />
Regni Veg. 9: 20. 1910.<br />
罗 甸 秋 海 棠 luo dian qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia bellii H. Léveillé; B. yishanensis T. C. Ku.<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, 5–11 mm in<br />
diam.; internodes 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm. Leaves all basal; stipules ovate to<br />
triangular-ovate; petiole to 3.5–15 cm; blade abaxially pale<br />
green or reddish, adaxially green or brown-green, obliquely<br />
ovate, broadly ovate, or suborbicular, 3–13 × 2–11 cm, papery,<br />
abaxially pilose-tomentose to sparsely villous, more densely so<br />
on veins, adaxially pilose-tomentose, basally 5- or 6-veined,<br />
base cordate, margin irregularly serrulate, apex obtuse or acute<br />
to acuminate. Inflorescences axillary, flowers 3–17 in a dichasial<br />
cyme; peduncle 7–20 cm, glabrous, rarely sparsely pilose;<br />
bracts caducous, oblong to ovate. Staminate flowers: tepals 4,<br />
outer 2 broadly elliptic, broadly ovate, or orbicular, 1–<strong>1.</strong>4 × 1–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>4 cm, inner 2 white, broadly oblanceolate, 8–13 × 5–6 mm;<br />
androecium zygomorphic; stamens 16–25; filaments <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>6<br />
mm; anthers 2-celled, obovoid-oblong. Pistillate flowers: tepals<br />
3, outer 2 broadly ovate or oblate, 7–12 × 6–13 mm, apex<br />
rounded, inner 1 obovate to oblanceolate, 5–10 × 3–5 mm, apex<br />
obtuse; ovary oblong, 5–10 × 3–5 mm, placentae parietal; styles<br />
3, 2.5–3.5 mm, widened upward; stigmas reniform or shallowly<br />
C-form, not spirally twisted, papillose all around. Capsule oblong,<br />
8–15 × 4–7 mm, with 3 unequal wings, abaxial wing<br />
lunate to subtriangular, 3–7 × 8–15 mm; lateral wings smaller,<br />
1–4 mm. Fl. Jun–Nov, fr. Jul–Dec.<br />
● Semishaded, slightly moist limestone surfaces and caves; 100–<br />
400 m. Guangxi (Luocheng, Pingnan, Yishan), Guizhou (Luodian).<br />
123. Begonia pseudodaxinensis S. M. Ku et al., Bot. Stud. 47:<br />
21<strong>1.</strong> 2006.<br />
假 大 新 秋 海 棠 jia da xin qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes stout, 6–30 mm in diam.;<br />
internodes 6–12 mm. Leaves all basal; stipules ovate-triangular,<br />
apex obtuse or emarginate; petiole terete, 15–35 × 4.5–7 mm;<br />
blade green throughout, broadly ovate or suborbicular, 16–38 ×<br />
12–26 cm, slightly rugose, basally 6–8-veined, base deeply cordate,<br />
margin denticulate-ciliolate, apex shortly acuminate or<br />
acute. Inflorescences axillary, flowers 25–57 in a dichasial<br />
cyme; peduncle 14–28 cm; bracts broadly ovate to orbicular, 2–<br />
5.5 × 2–5 mm, margin denticulate and ciliate. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 1–3 cm, pilose; tepals 4, outer 2 suborbicular; inner<br />
2 oblong or obovate; androecium zygomorphic; stamens 28–40;<br />
anthers oblong-obovoid, apex subemarginate. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pendent, pedicel <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm; tepals 3, outer 2 suborbicular or<br />
oblate; ovary ellipsoid or ovoid-ellipsoid, 3-winged, 1-loculed<br />
with parietal placentation; styles 3, slightly spiraled. Capsule<br />
nodding, 13–14 × 5–6 mm. Fl. Dec–Mar, fr. 2n = 30*.<br />
● Limestone hills; ca. 400 m. Guangxi (Daxin).<br />
124. Begonia pseudodryadis C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33:<br />
276. 1995.<br />
假 厚 叶 秋 海 棠 jia hou ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, 1–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm in diam.;<br />
internodes short. Leaves all basal; stipules ovate; petiole 5–16<br />
cm, glabrous; blade abaxially reddish brown, adaxially with<br />
many pale, oval spots of various sizes between veins and usually<br />
with a broad pale band along midvein against dark green<br />
background, strongly obliquely ovate, 5–15 × 4–8 cm, subleathery,<br />
both surfaces glabrous, basally 6- or 7-veined, base<br />
deeply cordate, margin subentire, sometimes shallowly repand<br />
or angularly lobed, apex acuminate to caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
with 4–15 flowers in a dichasial cyme; peduncle 6–20<br />
cm; bracts oblong or elliptic. Staminate flower: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>6<br />
cm; tepals 4, pink, glabrous, outer 2 ovate to broadly ovate,<br />
inner 2 lanceolate; stamens 30–40, anthers obovoid, apex sub-
194<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
truncate. Pistillate flower: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–2.5 cm; tepals 5, pink,<br />
outer ones rhomboid to ovate-triangular, inner ones gradually<br />
diminishing, innermost one lanceolate; ovary obovoid-oblong,<br />
glabrous, unequally 3-winged, placentae parietal; styles 3. Capsule<br />
ellipsoid, glabrous, with 3 unequal wings, abaxial wing<br />
obliquely broadly ligulate, lunate, or subrectangular. Fl. May–<br />
Sep, fr. July–Nov.<br />
● Mossy limestone rocks in valleys; 800–1500 m. Yunnan<br />
(Hekou, Maguan, Pingbian).<br />
125. Begonia pseudoleprosa C. I Peng et al., Bot. Stud. 47:<br />
214. 2006.<br />
假 癞 叶 秋 海 棠 jia lai ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, 4–7.5 mm in<br />
diam.; internodes 3.5–5 mm. Leaves all basal; stipules triangular<br />
or narrowly triangular; petiole 5–20 cm; blade all green,<br />
broadly ovate to suborbicular, 5–11 × 4–8.5 cm, subleathery,<br />
nearly flat, adaxially subglabrous, basally 5- or 6-veined, base<br />
shallowly cordate, apex shortly acuminate or acute. Inflorescences<br />
a dichasial cyme with 5–15 flowers; staminate flowers<br />
3–11, pistillate flowers 1–4; bracts lanceolate, ligulate, or oblong.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 8–30 mm, glabrous; tepals 4,<br />
outer 2 white or pinkish, suborbicular; inner 2 tepals white,<br />
oblong; androecium zygomorphic, subglobose; stamens 15–40,<br />
golf-club-shaped; anthers oblong-obovoid, apex subemarginate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: pedicel 6.5–13 mm, bracteole absent; tepals<br />
3, outer 2 tepals white or pinkish, suborbicular; inner tepals<br />
white, oblong or narrowly obovate; ovary obovoid-ellipsoid, 3-<br />
winged, 1-loculed with parietal placentation; styles 3; Capsule<br />
nodding, 10–12 × 4.5–5.5 mm. Fl. Nov–Dec.<br />
● Limestone hills. Guangxi (Daxin).<br />
126. Begonia psilophylla Irmscher, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh<br />
21: 39. 195<strong>1.</strong><br />
光 滑 秋 海 棠 guang hua qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, 29–42 cm tall. Rhizomes to 2.5 cm in diam. Stems<br />
erect, seen only at anthesis, glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline;<br />
stipules caducous; petiole to 30 cm, glabrous; blade ovatecordate,<br />
nearly symmetric, 8–19 × 6–13 cm, glabrous, base<br />
slightly oblique, rounded or slightly cordate, margin remotely<br />
and minutely serrulate, apex caudate. Inflorescences glabrous;<br />
peduncle 8–17 cm; bracts elliptic to ovate-oblong, 7–9 × 4–5<br />
mm, glabrous. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm tepals 4,<br />
pink to dark red-brown, outer 2 elliptic, 10–13 × 7–8 mm, inner<br />
2 obovate-oblong, 8–12 × 3–7 mm; stamens 70–90; filaments<br />
0.7–2.1 mm; anthers oblong, 0.7–2.9 mm. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pedicel 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>1 cm; tepals 5, subequal, oval, largest 6–10 × 4–7<br />
mm, smallest 6–9 × 4–5 mm; ovary glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; styles 2, 2.6–4.2 mm, fused to halfway;<br />
stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, ellipsoid, 8–10<br />
mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing falcate, 12–15 × ca. 9<br />
mm, apex rounded; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Feb. 2n = 23*.<br />
● Forests, on limestone rocks in shaded moist environments; 100–<br />
700 m. Yunnan (Hekou).<br />
127. Begonia pulvinifera C. I Peng & Yan Liu, Bot. Stud. 47:<br />
319. 2006.<br />
肿 柄 秋 海 棠 zhong bing qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, creeping, to 2 cm in diam.<br />
Leaves arising from rhizome; stipules triangular, 2.8–3 × <strong>1.</strong>7–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>9 cm, glabrous, margin entire, apex acuminate or cuspidate,<br />
persistent; petiole greenish, to 24 cm, glabrous, base reddish<br />
brown, swollen; blade green, peltate, ovate, slightly asymmetric,<br />
14–21 × 8–14 cm, glabrous, venation palmate, base<br />
rounded, margin entire or nearly so, apex acuminate, shortly<br />
caudate. Inflorescences 17–45 cm, glabrous; peduncle 34–37<br />
cm; bracts reddish brown, narrowly ovate, 2–2.5 × 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm,<br />
glabrous, margin entire, apex acute to acuminate. Tepals pinkish,<br />
glabrous. Staminate flowers: pedicel 2.2–3.5(–4.8) cm; tepals<br />
4, glabrous, outer 2 broadly ovate, 2.3–2.8 × 2.2–2.5 cm,<br />
inner 2 oblanceolate, 16–18 × 5–8 mm, apex obtuse; stamens<br />
more than 100; filaments nearly free, 3–5 mm; anthers obovoid,<br />
ca. 1 mm, apex truncate or subemarginate. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pedicel <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 3, glabrous, outer 2 depressed-ovate,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>8–2 × 2.4–2.6 cm, inner 1 oblanceolate, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>4 × 4–5 mm;<br />
ovary glabrous, unequally 3-winged, 3-loculed; placentae axile,<br />
bilamellate; styles 3, 4–4.5 mm, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft,<br />
in a spiraled band. Infructescences 17–45 cm; capsules nodding,<br />
ca. 3.1 cm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing lunate, ca. 5<br />
mm; lateral wings smaller, 2–3.5 mm.<br />
● Forests, on limestone rocks; ca. 300 m. Guangxi (Jingxi).<br />
This species is known only from the type gathering. It resembles<br />
Begonia cavaleriei but is distinguishable by having stipules triangular<br />
with the apex acuminate or cuspidate, the petiole pulvinate, and bracts<br />
ovate with the apex acute or acuminate. It is also similar to B. wangii<br />
but differs by having the petiole with a reddish brown swollen base, the<br />
abaxial surface of the leaf blade pale green, tepals obtuse, those of staminate<br />
flowers 4, those of pistillate flowers 3, and the ovary with axile<br />
placentation throughout.<br />
128. Begonia purpureofolia S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta<br />
Bot. Yunnan. 16: 340. 1994.<br />
紫 叶 秋 海 棠 zi ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, to <strong>1.</strong>2 cm in diam. Stems to<br />
100 cm, to <strong>1.</strong>5 cm in diam., densely hairy. Leaves basal and<br />
cauline; stipules caducous, ovate-lanceolate, 8–19 × 5–9 mm,<br />
abaxially densely pilose, margin ciliate, apex acute; petiole 4–<br />
24 cm, hairy; blade purple, ovate-triangular, asymmetric, 6.5–<br />
23 × 4.5–18 cm, densely hairy, venation palmate, base oblique,<br />
cordate, margin irregularly serrulate and ciliate, shallowly<br />
lobed, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescences hairy; peduncle<br />
8–14 cm; bracts caducous, ovate-lanceolate, 14–15 × 8–9 mm,<br />
densely villous, margin denticulate, apex acute. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel <strong>1.</strong>7–2.6 cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 ovate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 ×<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm, abaxially villous, inner 2 oblong, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>2 × ca. 0.7<br />
cm; stamens ca. 150; filaments fused to halfway, <strong>1.</strong>6–3.9 mm;<br />
anthers obovoid-oblong, 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>4 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel<br />
<strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm; ovary densely villous, 2-loculed; placentae axile,<br />
bilamellate; tepals 5, pink, broadly ovate to oblong, unequal,<br />
largest <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>6 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>1 cm, abaxially pilose, smallest <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>6 ×<br />
0.8–<strong>1.</strong>1 cm; styles 2, fused to halfway, 3.9–5.1 mm; stigmas 2-<br />
cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial<br />
wing ligulate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>6 × <strong>1.</strong>2 cm; lateral wings to <strong>1.</strong>2 cm.<br />
● Forest understories; 900–1700 m. Yunnan (Jinping, Pingbian).
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 195<br />
This species is similar to Begonia villifolia but differs by its rhizomatous<br />
habit and the ligulate abaxial wing of the capsule.<br />
129. Begonia ravenii C. I Peng & Y. K. Chen, Bot. Bull. Acad.<br />
Sin. 29: 217. 1988.<br />
岩 生 秋 海 棠 yan sheng qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers subglobose, to 2.2 cm in diam.;<br />
stolons threadlike, to 35 cm, glabrous. Stems often reddish, to<br />
50 cm tall. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules caducous, ovate,<br />
5–7 mm, margin serrulate; petiole often reddish, to 25 cm;<br />
blade ovate, asymmetric, to 27 × 18 cm, abaxially glabrous,<br />
adaxially sparsely scabrous, venation palmate, 6- or 7-veined,<br />
base oblique, cordate, margin irregularly serrulate, shallowly<br />
lobed, apex acute or shortly acuminate. Inflorescences glabrous;<br />
bracts caducous, narrowly ovate or elliptic, 5–12 × 4–7 mm,<br />
thinly papery, glabrous, margin serrate, apex acute. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel 0.7–2.5 cm; tepals 2, pinkish to pale purple,<br />
cordate or oblate, 0.9–2.2 × <strong>1.</strong>4–2.1 cm, glabrous; stamens 20–<br />
49; filaments <strong>1.</strong>6–3 mm; anthers obovoid, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>8 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel 1–3.5 cm; tepals 2, rarely 3, pinkish to pale<br />
purple, suborbicular, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, base oblique, slightly cordate;<br />
ovary obovoid, glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3, fused at base, <strong>1.</strong>5–4.2 mm; stigmas 2-cleft,<br />
spiraled. Capsule pendulous, obovoid-globose, glabrous, subequally<br />
3-winged. Fl. Oct, fr. Nov. 2n = 36*.<br />
● On moist, semishaded rocky slopes; 300–1000 m. W Taiwan.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia grandis but differs by the presence<br />
of stolons and the 2-tepaled staminate and pistillate flowers.<br />
130. Begonia reflexisquamosa C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin.<br />
33: 278. 1995.<br />
倒 鳞 秋 海 棠 dao lin qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, 30–60 cm tall. Rhizomes 1–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm in diam. Stems<br />
5–6 mm in diam., with dense, reflexed red scalelike hairs.<br />
Leaves basal and cauline; stipules caducous; petiole to 24 cm,<br />
ca. 5 mm in diam., reflexed red-brown scalelike hairy; blade<br />
oblate-orbicular, slightly asymmetric, to 21 × 31 cm, abaxially<br />
brown hairy, adaxially sparsely or densely hairy, venation palmate,<br />
5–7-veined, base slightly cordate, margin coarsely serrulate,<br />
distinctly lobed, divided to 2/3 of leaf length; lobes 5 or 6,<br />
apex acuminate; lobules present. Staminate flowers: tepals 4,<br />
white. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5, white. Infructescence redbrown,<br />
13–17 cm tall, brown scalelike hairy. Capsule nodding,<br />
oblong, <strong>1.</strong>2–2.5 cm, 2-loculed, placentae axile, bilamellate, subequally<br />
3-winged. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.<br />
● Shaded moist mountain slopes; 700–1800 m. Yunnan (Lüchun,<br />
Pingbian).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia miranda but differs by the presence<br />
of cauline leaves and the 2-loculed ovary.<br />
13<strong>1.</strong> Begonia repenticaulis Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 547. 1939.<br />
匍 茎 秋 海 棠 pu jing qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes ca. 4.5 mm in diam.; internodes <strong>1.</strong>5–5<br />
cm. Leaves basal; stipules caducous, ovate-oblong, 12–18 × 4–<br />
6 mm, abaxially rusty villous, apex acuminate; petiole 9–22 cm,<br />
shortly pilose; blade abaxially pale green, adaxially dark green,<br />
broadly ovate or suborbicular, asymmetric, 12–16 × 10–14 cm,<br />
abaxially rusty hispidulous, adaxially rusty brown hispidulous,<br />
venation palmate, 5–7-veined, base slightly oblique, cordate,<br />
margin serrulate, shallowly lobed; lobes triangular, apex acuminate.<br />
Inflorescences 28–31 cm tall, hispidulous. Flowers not<br />
seen. Capsule nodding, oblong, 8–12 × 4–5 mm, 2-loculed, placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing oblong<br />
or narrowly ligulate, 11–13 × ca. 5 mm; lateral wings triangular,<br />
6–8 mm. Fr. Aug.<br />
● Yunnan (between Tengchong and Dali).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia palmata but differs by lacking a<br />
cauline leaf.<br />
132. Begonia retinervia D. Fang et al., Bot. Stud. 47: 106. 2006.<br />
突 脉 秋 海 棠 tu mai qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizome creeping, 3–16 mm in diam.<br />
Leaves all basal; stipules triangular; petiole 3–13 mm; blade<br />
with white spots along major veins, suborbicular, unlobed or<br />
rarely very shallowly angular lobed, 4–25 × 3.5–22 cm, thickly<br />
papery, rugose, basally 6–8-veined, base cordate, margin denticulate<br />
and ciliolate, apex obtuse to shortly acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
with 5–40 flowers in a dichasial cyme; peduncle 8–21<br />
cm; bracts recurved, broadly elliptic, oblong, or obovate. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel 6–25 mm; tepals 4, outer 2 suborbicular,<br />
oblate, or obovate; inner 2 oblanceolate, obovate, or narrowly<br />
obovate; androecium zygomorphic; stamens 15–35; anthers oblong-obovoid<br />
or narrowly so, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers:<br />
tepals 3, outer 2 tepals suborbicular or oblate, inner tepal<br />
pinkish or white, narrowly obovate to obovate, glabrous; ovary<br />
greenish white or reddish white, broadly ovoid to obovoid,<br />
adaxially distinctly convex, villous, with parietal placentation;<br />
wings 3, unequal; lateral wings narrower, curved along length<br />
of fruit body; abaxial wing obliquely triangular or ligulate, rarely<br />
obovate-oblong. Capsule nodding, 7–11 × 5–8 mm. Fl. Aug–<br />
Dec, fr. Nov–Mar. 2n = 30*.<br />
● Limestone slopes, moist caves; 200–600 m. Guangxi (Du’an).<br />
133. Begonia rex Putzeys, Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 2: 14<strong>1.</strong> 1857.<br />
大 王 秋 海 棠 da wang qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia longiciliata C. Y. Wu.<br />
Herbs, to 40 cm tall. Rhizomes elongate, 7–14 mm in diam.<br />
Leaves basal; stipules caducous, <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>6–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, membranous;<br />
petiole to 35 cm, densely long hirsute; blade abaxially<br />
purplish, adaxially dark green with a grayish green or silver<br />
horseshoe-shaped spot, ovate to narrowly ovate, asymmetric, 6–<br />
33 × 5–21 cm, abaxially sparsely hairy, adaxially long setose,<br />
venation palmate, 6- or 7-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin<br />
serrulate and ciliate, apex shortly acuminate. Inflorescences 10–<br />
13 cm tall, subglabrous. Staminate flowers: pedicel 2.2–3.5 cm;<br />
tepals 4, pinkish to pink, glabrous, outer 2 oblong-ovate, <strong>1.</strong>3–2<br />
cm × 8–17 mm, apex obtuse to acute, inner 2 oblong-lanceolate,<br />
0.9–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm × 3.5–8 mm; stamens 100–120; filaments 2–<br />
5.4 mm; anthers oblong, <strong>1.</strong>3–2.9 mm, apex acuminate. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel 2.9–3.1 cm; tepals 5, unequal, elliptic to broad-
196<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
ly ovate, glabrous, largest ca. 2 × <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, smallest <strong>1.</strong>6–<strong>1.</strong>8<br />
cm × 6–8 mm, apex acute to obtuse; ovary glabrous, 2-loculed;<br />
placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2, free, 4.4–5.2 mm; stigmas<br />
2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial<br />
wing ligulate or falcate, <strong>1.</strong>5–2.5 cm, apex rounded; lateral wings<br />
lunate, 3.5–5 mm. Fl. May, fr. Aug. 2n = 22*.<br />
Forests, on rocks and in caves in valleys; 400–1100 m. Guangxi,<br />
Guizhou, Yunnan [NE India, Vietnam].<br />
Begonia sizemoreae Kiew (Gard. Bull. Singapore 56: 95. 2004),<br />
described from Vietnam, definitely belongs to the same complex as B.<br />
rex, but the distinction between the two species awaits further study.<br />
134. Begonia rhynchocarpa Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen, Acta<br />
Bot. Yunnan. 27: 370. 2005.<br />
喙 果 秋 海 棠 hui guo qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, 1–2 mm in diam.<br />
Leaves basal; stipules lanceolate; petiole 5.5–10 cm, villous;<br />
blade ovate, 6–7 × 4.5–5 cm, slightly rugose, base slightly and<br />
obliquely cordate, margin remotely serrate. Inflorescences with<br />
4–6 flowers in a dichasial cyme; peduncle 4–5.5 cm. Staminate<br />
flowers: tepals 4, red, outer 2 ovate, ca. 1 × <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm, inner 2<br />
elliptic, apex slightly emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicels ca.<br />
7 mm; tepals 3, pinkish, glabrous, outer 2 broadly obovate, 9–<br />
10 × 8–9 mm, inner 1 elliptic, ca. 6 × 3 mm; ovary narrowly<br />
trigonous, 1-loculed with parietal placentation; styles 3, ca. 3<br />
mm; stigmas reniform, 0.8–0.9 mm. Capsule nodding, narrowly<br />
trigonous, ca. 12 × 2–3 mm; wings 3, equal, 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm. Fl. Jan–<br />
May.<br />
● Secondary forests on limestone hills. Yunnan (Hekou).<br />
135. Begonia rockii Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10:<br />
544. 1939.<br />
滇 缅 秋 海 棠 dian mian qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, 9–14 mm in diam. Leaves<br />
basal; stipules triangular-ovate, 5–16 × 3–10 mm, abaxially<br />
remotely pubescent, apex acute; petiole 3–20 cm, rusty hairy;<br />
blade abaxially reddish, abaxially dark green with brownish irregular<br />
fine spots, sometimes with white spots between main<br />
veins, broadly ovate, asymmetric, 5.5–30 × 3.5–20 cm, abaxially<br />
hispid, adaxially hispidulous, venation palmate, 6- or 7-<br />
veined, base strongly oblique, cordate, margin remotely and minutely<br />
serrulate, ciliate, apex acute or obtuse. Inflorescences<br />
sparsely hairy; bracts ovate-oblong, 5–8 × 3–5 mm, abaxially<br />
pilose, margin ciliate, apex obtuse or acute. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm; tepals 4, white, outer 2 broadly ovate or orbicular,<br />
1–<strong>1.</strong>9 × 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm, abaxially scabrescent, inner 2 obovate,<br />
8–17 × 6–10 mm; stamens ca. 120; filaments 1–6.1 mm,<br />
fused at base; anthers obovoid-globose, 1–<strong>1.</strong>4 mm, apex truncate<br />
or emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>1 mm; tepals<br />
5, white, unequal, broadly ovate to oval, largest 6–10.5 ×<br />
4.4–9.1 mm, abaxially scabrescent, smallest 4.5–9.5 × 3.5–4.7<br />
mm; ovary elliptic, scabrescent, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 2, 2–6.2 mm, fused to halfway; stigmas 2-cleft,<br />
spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing<br />
ligulate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>6 × <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, apex rounded; lateral wings 5.2–6.6<br />
mm. Fl. Nov.<br />
Forests, rock faces; 700–800 m. Yunnan (Yingjiang) [Myanmar].<br />
136. Begonia rongjiangensis T. C. Ku, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33:<br />
279. 1995.<br />
榕 江 秋 海 棠 rong jiang qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers globose, 5–8 mm in diam. Leaves<br />
basal, 2–5; stipules caducous; petiole 4–9.5 cm, glabrous; blade<br />
asymmetric, narrowly ovate, 8.5–11 × 5.5–9.5 cm, glabrous,<br />
venation palmate, 5–7-veined, base oblique, slightly cordate,<br />
margin shallowly serrate, sometimes biserrate, apex acuminate.<br />
Inflorescence 15–22 cm tall, glabrous; flowers red; pedicel 3–<br />
8(–10) mm, glabrous; bracts caducous, lanceolate, ca. 3 mm.<br />
Staminate flowers: tepals 4, outer 2 depressed-ovate, 6–8 × 6–7<br />
mm, abaxially villous, inner 2 oblong, 6–8 × 1–2 mm; stamens<br />
numerous; filaments fused to ca. 1 mm at base; anthers oblong,<br />
1–2 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: tepals 2, broadly<br />
obovate, 7–8 × 6–7 mm, apex emarginate; ovary oblong, pilose,<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing oblate-triangular, ca. 10 × 5 mm, apex<br />
acute; lateral wings smaller, lunate, 1–2 mm; styles 3; stigma<br />
globose. Fl. Aug.<br />
● Slopes by streams. Guizhou (Rongjiang).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia labordei but can be distinguished<br />
by the 2-tepaled pistillate flowers.<br />
137. Begonia rotundilimba S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta<br />
Bot. Yunnan. 16: 335. 1994.<br />
圆 叶 秋 海 棠 yuan ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, 3–4 mm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules ovate-triangular, ca. 7 × 4 mm, glabrous, apex acuminate<br />
or acute; petiole 12–16 cm, brown hispidulous; blade ovate<br />
or oblate-orbicular, asymmetric, 7–8.5 × ca. 6.5 cm, abaxially<br />
hispidulous, adaxially glabrous or pilose, venation palmate, 6-<br />
veined, base oblique, cordate, margin irregularly denticulate,<br />
apex acute. Inflorescences 11–12 cm tall, brown hairy; peduncle<br />
6.5–1<strong>1.</strong>2 cm, subglabrous; bracts ovate-lanceolate, <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>4<br />
cm × ca. 4 mm, glabrous, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 cm; tepals 4, pale, outer 2 orbicular, ca. <strong>1.</strong>7 × <strong>1.</strong>6<br />
cm, glabrous, inner 2 smaller, ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 × 1 cm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 mm, fused at base; anthers oblong, ca. <strong>1.</strong>8<br />
mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca. 2.5 cm; tepals 5, glabrous,<br />
largest orbicular, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, smallest elliptic, 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm × 4–6<br />
mm; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, ellipsoid,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>4 × <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, subequally 3-winged; abaxial wing broadly<br />
triangular, ca. 6 × 14 mm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Apr, fr. Jul.<br />
● Evergreen forests, shaded moist environments; 1600–1800 m.<br />
Yunnan (Pingbian).<br />
138. Begonia rubinea H. Z. Li & H. Ma, Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin.<br />
46: 377. 2005.<br />
玉 柄 秋 海 棠 yu bing qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Leaves basal; stipules rose-pink, triangular,<br />
5–7 mm, glabrous, margin entire, apex acuminate; petiole<br />
ruby-red, 13–31 cm, glabrous; blade abaxially rufous, adaxially<br />
emerald colored, wine colored on veins, obovate, asymmetric,<br />
3–9 × 2–6 cm, thinly leathery, abaxially sparsely rufous<br />
tribuloid on veins, adaxially sparsely white tribuloid when
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 197<br />
young, venation palmate, 6- or 7-veined, base oblique, cordate,<br />
margin irregularly crenate, apex acuminate. Inflorescence nearly<br />
glabrous; peduncle ruby-red, 9–14 cm; bracts subulate, ca. 10<br />
× 3 mm. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. 7 mm; tepals 4, pink,<br />
outer 2 broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>8 × <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, abaxially pilose,<br />
inner 2 lanceolate, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm × 5–6 mm; stamens 15–30; filaments<br />
fused 2–3 mm at base. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 7–12<br />
mm; tepals 5, pink, ovate, abaxially sparsely pilose; styles 2,<br />
fused to halfway; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled; ovary 2-loculed.<br />
Capsule unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing ligulate, apex obtuse;<br />
lateral wings smaller, crescent-shaped.<br />
● Evergreen forests; on moist sandstone; ca. 700 m. N Guizhou<br />
(Xishui).<br />
139. Begonia ruboides C. M. Hu ex C. Y. Wu & T. C. Ku, Acta<br />
Phytotax. Sin. 33: 260. 1995.<br />
匍 地 秋 海 棠 pu di qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, prostrate. Rhizomes absent. Stems rooting at nodes.<br />
Leaves basal; stipules oblong, 5–6 mm, margin entire, apex acuminate;<br />
petiole 2–6.5 cm, densely brown hirsute; blade orbicular<br />
or broadly ovate, asymmetric, 2.5–6 × 2–5 cm, abaxially hirsute,<br />
adaxially red setose, venation palmate, 6- or 7-veined,<br />
base oblique, shallowly cordate, margin shallowly and remotely<br />
denticulate, apex rounded. Inflorescences hirsute; bracts ovatelanceolate,<br />
8–10 mm, glabrous or abaxially hairy, apex acuminate.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–2 cm; tepals 4, white, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>4 cm, inner 2 oblong-obovate, ca. 1<br />
cm × 5–6 mm; stamens numerous; filaments free, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 mm;<br />
anthers oblong, ca. 0.9 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals 4 (from<br />
protologue, requiring confirmation), white, outer 2 broadly<br />
ovate, 8–10 mm, inner 2 oblong; ovary sparsely hairy, 3-loculed,<br />
placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, fused at base; stigmas<br />
2-cleft, U-shaped. Capsule nodding, ovoid, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing narrowly triangular, ca. 1 cm; lateral<br />
wings smaller, broadly triangular. Fl. Mar–May, fr. Jun–Jul.<br />
● Scrubby vegetation and forests, shaded moist environments;<br />
1300–2200 m. Yunnan (Jinping, Pingbian).<br />
140. Begonia rubropunctata S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui, Acta<br />
Bot. Yunnan. 16: 339. 1994.<br />
红 斑 秋 海 棠 hong ban qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes 2–3 cm in diam. Leaves basal; stipules<br />
ovate, ca. 8 mm, apex acute; petiole 15–25 cm, glabrous, with<br />
red linear dots; blade orbicular, asymmetric, 15–20 × 15–20 cm,<br />
sparsely setulose, venation palmate, 5- or 6-veined, base slightly<br />
oblique, cordate, margin denticulate, 5- or 6-lobed; lobules<br />
present, apex acuminate to caudate. Inflorescences glabrous;<br />
bracts broadly ovate, ca. 2 cm, glabrous, apex acute. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel ca. 1 cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 broadly obovate,<br />
ca. 2.2 × <strong>1.</strong>5 cm, inner 2 obovate-oblong, ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 × 0.8–1<br />
cm, apex crenate; stamens numerous; filaments fused to halfway,<br />
1–<strong>1.</strong>2 mm; anthers oblong, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 mm. Pistillate flowers:<br />
pedicel 7–8 mm; tepals 4 or 5, pink, suborbicular, glabrous,<br />
largest one ca. 1 × <strong>1.</strong>2 cm, apex acute; ovary 2-loculed, placentae<br />
axile, bilamellate; styles 2; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled.<br />
Capsule nodding, ellipsoid, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing<br />
ligulate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm; lateral wings smaller.<br />
● Forests, limestone rock faces; 600–1100 m. Yunnan (Xishuangbanna).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia pedatifida but differs by its<br />
spotted leaves and the petiole with red, linear dots.<br />
14<strong>1.</strong> Begonia scitifolia Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 54<strong>1.</strong> 1939.<br />
成 凤 秋 海 棠 cheng feng qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate. Stems very short. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules caducous; petiole 2.7–4 cm, hairy; blade broadly<br />
ovate to suborbicular, 9–11 cm, abaxially subglabrous, adaxially<br />
sparsely hispidulous, base cuneate, margin shallowly and<br />
remotely serrulate, distinctly lobed, nearly divided to leaf base,<br />
apex acuminate. Inflorescences (6–)12–15 cm tall, glabrous.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>7–3 cm; tepals 4, outer 2 broadly<br />
ovate, 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>2 × 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm, abaxially hairy, inner 2 elliptic, 9–<br />
11 × 5–6 mm; stamens numerous; filaments <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm; anthers<br />
obovoid or oblong-obovoid, 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>4 mm, apex emarginate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: pedicel 7–9 mm; tepals 5, unequal, largest<br />
ovate or broadly elliptic, 7–8 × 5–5.2 mm, abaxially hairy,<br />
smallest broadly elliptic, 6–7 × 3.4–4 mm; ovary pilose, 2-<br />
loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2, 2.5–2.8 mm, free;<br />
stigmas spiraled. Capsule unequally 3-winged. Fl. Jun.<br />
● 1300–1600 m. Yunnan (Suijiang).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia laminariae but differs by its leaf<br />
blade dividing nearly to the base.<br />
142. Begonia semiparietalis Yan Liu et al., Bot. Stud. 47: 218.<br />
2006.<br />
半 侧 膜 秋 海 棠 ban ce mo qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes 9–12 mm in diam. Leaves<br />
basal; stipules triangular or ovate-triangular, 7–10 × 5–9 mm;<br />
blade with white spots along major veins, sometimes abaxially<br />
dark brown, with pale green major veins, broadly ovate or suborbicular,<br />
3.5–15 × 3–13 cm, rugose, adaxially sparsely setulose-pilose,<br />
basally 5–7-veined, tertiary veins percurrent, base<br />
deeply cordate. Inflorescence a dichasial cyme with 6–25 flowers;<br />
peduncle <strong>1.</strong>2–3 cm, glabrous; bracts reddish, ovate, oblong,<br />
or orbicular. Staminate flowers: tepals 4, outer 2 reddish or<br />
pinkish, suborbicular; inner 2 tepals narrowly obovate or oblanceolate;<br />
androecium zygomorphic; stamens 13–40; anthers oblong-obovoid,<br />
apex subemarginate. Pistillate flowers: tepals 3,<br />
outer 2 tepals pinkish or reddish, suborbicular; inner 1 pinkish<br />
white, oblanceolate or narrowly obovate, glabrous; ovary reddish,<br />
ellipsoid, long glandular pilose, unequally 3-winged, 1-<br />
loculed with parietal placentation above middle, lower half with<br />
axile placentation; abaxial wing lunate; styles 3. Capsule nodding,<br />
reddish when fresh. 2n = 30*.<br />
● Limestone hills. Guangxi (Fusui).<br />
143. Begonia setifolia Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 549. 1939.<br />
刚 毛 秋 海 棠 gang mao qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia tsaii Irmscher.<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, ca. 6 mm in diam. Leaves bas-
198<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
al; stipules broadly ovate or triangular-ovate, 5.5–7 × 4–5 mm,<br />
glabrous, apex cuspidate; petiole 6–12 cm, densely brown villous;<br />
blade broadly ovate to suborbicular, asymmetric, 5–11 ×<br />
4.5–9 cm, abaxially hirsute when young, adaxially red setose,<br />
venation palmate, 7- or 8-veined, base cordate, margin indistinctly<br />
serrulate, apex shortly caudate, rarely acute. Inflorescences<br />
20–30 cm tall, brown villous; bracts ovate, 4–10 × 2.4–8<br />
mm, margin ciliate, apex obtuse. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
<strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 broadly ovate to suborbicular,<br />
0.6–2.2 × <strong>1.</strong>6–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, abaxially pilose, inner 2 oblong,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm × 3.8–4.1 mm; stamens numerous; filaments 2–2.5<br />
mm; anthers elliptic or obovoid, 1–<strong>1.</strong>4 × ca. <strong>1.</strong>7 mm, apex<br />
emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 8–9 mm; ovary broadly<br />
ovoid, 7–8 × 6–7 mm, villous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
tepals 5, unequal, largest suborbicular, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>5 × 0.9–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>3 cm, glabrous, smallest oblong, 6.5–3.5 mm; styles 3, 3–3.8<br />
mm; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, ovoid, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing subtriangular, 6–7 mm; lateral wings<br />
narrowly triangular, 2–3 mm. Fl. May, fr. May.<br />
● Broad-leaved forests, in shaded moist environments; 1300–2100<br />
m. SE Yunnan.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia ruboides but differs by its rhizomatous<br />
habit.<br />
144. Begonia setulosopeltata C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35:<br />
48. 1997 [“setuloso-peltata”].<br />
刺 盾 叶 秋 海 棠 ci dun ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping. Leaves all basal,<br />
peltate, long petiolate; stipules caducous; petiole 4–8 cm, very<br />
sparsely villous; blade abaxially pale green, adaxially green<br />
with numerous white dots, ovate or broadly ovate, 4–8 × 4–5.5<br />
cm, abaxially sparsely hirsute on major veins, adaxially sparsely<br />
hispidulous or setulose, basally 7-veined, tertiary veins weakly<br />
percurrent, base slightly cordate to rounded, margin serrulate<br />
or denticulate, apex acuminate or shortly caudate. Inflorescences<br />
axillary; peduncle ca. 21 cm, subglabrous; flowers several,<br />
pale purple, in dichasial cyme; pedicel <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, glabrous;<br />
bracts caducous, ovate or suborbicular, 7–9 × 4–5 mm,<br />
margin remotely serrate. Staminate flower: tepals 4, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 × 1 cm, glabrous, base subrounded, apex<br />
rounded, inner 2 oblong, ca. 6 × 4 mm, apex obtuse, base<br />
broadly cuneate; stamens numerous; filaments 1–2 mm; anthers<br />
obovoid-oblong. Pistillate flower: tepals 4, outer 2 oblate-orbicular,<br />
inner 2 oblong; ovary oblong, glabrous, with 3 subequal<br />
wings, placentae parietal; styles fused at base. Capsule nodding,<br />
15–16 × 4–5 mm. Fl. Feb–Apr, fr. Apr–May.<br />
● Shaded places of valleys, limestone caves; ca. 300 m. Guangxi<br />
(Donglan, Hechi).<br />
145. Begonia sikkimensis A. Candolle, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér.<br />
4, 11: 134. 1859.<br />
锡 金 秋 海 棠 xi jin qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, ca. 30 cm tall. Rhizomes elongate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm in<br />
diam. Stems glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules lanceolate,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>1 cm, membranous, glabrous, apex acuminate;<br />
petiole 3–15 cm, glabrous; blade suborbicular, slightly asymmetric,<br />
12–19 × 10–20 cm, glabrous, venation palmate, 5–7-<br />
veined, base shallowly cordate, margin remotely and shallowly<br />
denticulate, distinctly lobed, divided to more than 2/3 of leaf<br />
length; lobes 5–7, apex long acuminate. Inflorescences glabrous;<br />
peduncle 8–12 cm; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 2–2.5 cm,<br />
membranous, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>8 cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 ovate, inner 2 elliptic, smaller;<br />
stamens numerous; anthers obovoid, ca. 1 mm, apex obtuse.<br />
Pistillate flowers: tepals 5, unequal; ovary glabrous, 2-loculed;<br />
placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2, fused at base; stigmas 2-<br />
cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, obovoid-oblong, <strong>1.</strong>5–2 cm ×<br />
6–7 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing oblong-triangular;<br />
lateral wings smaller. Fl. Aug–Sep, fr. Dec–Jan.<br />
Evergreen broad-leaved forests, shaded moist environments along<br />
streams; 800–1200 m. SE Xizang (Mêdog) [Bhutan, NE India, Nepal].<br />
146. Begonia silletensis (A. Candolle) C. B. Clarke subsp.<br />
mengyangensis Tebbitt & K. Y. Guan, Novon 12: 134. 2002.<br />
厚 壁 秋 海 棠 hou bi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, dioecious. Rhizomes elongate, to 3.6 cm in diam.<br />
Leaves basal; stipules caducous, <strong>1.</strong>7–2.7 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, membranous;<br />
petiole to 75 cm, densely minutely hairy; blade ovate<br />
or broadly ovate, asymmetric, (11–)13–53 × 11–40 cm, abaxially<br />
minutely hairy, adaxially subglabrous, venation palmate, 7–<br />
9-veined, base oblique, deeply cordate, margin remotely serrulate,<br />
apex caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences axillary and terminal,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2–6(–12) cm, minutely hairy; bracts caducous, membranous.<br />
Flowers fragrant. Staminate flowers: pedicel to 4.2 cm;<br />
tepals 4, white, broadly ovate, 2–2.6 × <strong>1.</strong>7–2.2 cm, abaxially<br />
minutely hairy, inner 2 oblate-orbicular, 0.9–2.2 × 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm;<br />
stamens 115–122; filaments 1–2.2 mm, fused to halfway; anthers<br />
oblong, 2.1–3.1 mm, apex convex. Pistillate flowers: pedicel<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–2.5 cm; tepals 4–6, white, outer 2 broadly elliptic to<br />
elliptic, <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>9 × 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm, abaxially minutely hairy, inner 2<br />
elliptic to obovate, <strong>1.</strong>1–2 cm × 5–14 mm; ovary densely minutely<br />
hairy when young, 4-loculed; placentae axile, aberrant;<br />
styles 4, branched; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Fruit berrylike,<br />
ellipsoidal, indehiscent, pendulous, ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 × <strong>1.</strong>8–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm, lacking<br />
ridges or wings or with up to 4 unequal, triangular, blunt<br />
ridges, apex with beak to 4 mm. Fl. Mar–May, fr. Apr–May. 2n<br />
= 22*.<br />
● Primary tropical forests, shaded moist environments in valleys<br />
and along streams; 500–800(–1200) m. S and SW Yunnan.<br />
Begonia silletensis subsp. silletensis occurs in Bangladesh, NE India,<br />
Myanmar, and N Thailand.<br />
147. Begonia sinofloribunda Dorr, Harvard Pap. Bot. 4: 265.<br />
1999.<br />
多 花 秋 海 棠 duo hua qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia floribunda T. C. Ku, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35: 48.<br />
1997, not Carrière (1875).<br />
Herbs, erect. Stems sometimes branched, 12–50 cm, 5–10<br />
mm in diam., somewhat woody in appearance. Leaves cauline;<br />
stipules caducous, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm × 4–5 mm; petiole 2.5–6 cm, glabrous;<br />
blade very shallowly peltate (petiole 1–2 mm from margin<br />
at base), oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, slightly
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 199<br />
asymmetric, 4.5–14 × <strong>1.</strong>5–4 cm, glabrous, venation palmatepinnate,<br />
5- or 6-veined, base rounded, margin remotely and<br />
minutely serrulate, apex long acuminate or long caudate. Inflorescences<br />
2–4 cm; glabrous; bracts oblong, 2–7 × 0.6–4 mm,<br />
glabrous. Staminate flowers: pedicel 0.6–2.6 cm; tepals 2, yellowish<br />
green, orbicular, 3–8 × 3.5–9 mm; stamens 25–31; filaments<br />
free, 1–2 mm; anthers obovoid, 0.6–<strong>1.</strong>1 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel 0.6–2.6 cm; ovary oblong, 5–7 mm, glabrous,<br />
3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; tepals 2(or 3), yellowish<br />
green, broadly ovate, 3–7 × 4–10 mm; styles 3, fused to halfway,<br />
2.1–3.3 mm; stigmas 2-cleft, slightly spiraled. Capsule<br />
pendulous, oblong-ovoid, <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm × 6–7 mm, unequally 3-<br />
winged; abaxial wing triangular, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm; lateral wings<br />
smaller, 3–4 mm. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.<br />
● Forests, on limestone rocks; ca. 200 m. Guangxi (Longzhou).<br />
148. Begonia sinovietnamica C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35:<br />
50. 1997 [“sino-veitnamica”].<br />
中 越 秋 海 棠 zhong yue qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate. Stems absent or very short.<br />
Leaves basal; stipules ovate-oblong, 7–11 mm, membranous,<br />
abaxially pubescent, margin entire, apex cuspidate; petiole 8–20<br />
cm, densely reddish brown villous; blade ovate or broadly<br />
ovate, asymmetric, 5.5–11 × 4.8–8.5 cm, abaxially densely hirsute,<br />
adaxially hirsute, venation palmate, 6–8-veined, base<br />
oblique, cordate, margin irregularly serrulate or biserrate, apex<br />
shortly caudate or acuminate. Inflorescences 9–12 cm tall; hispidulous<br />
or subglabrous; bracts lanceolate, ca. 8 mm, margin<br />
ciliate, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm;<br />
tepals 4, white, outer 2 broadly ovate-oblong, ca. 2.1 × <strong>1.</strong>6 cm,<br />
abaxially shortly pilose, inner 2 oblong, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 × 5–6 mm;<br />
stamens numerous; filaments ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 mm, free; anthers oblong,<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 mm, apex obtuse. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm;<br />
tepals 5, white, outer 2 obovate-oblong, glabrous; ovary glabrous<br />
or sparsely short-pilose, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule<br />
nodding, ovoid, ca. 1 × <strong>1.</strong>1 cm, subequally 3-winged. Fl.<br />
Jul, fr. Aug.<br />
● Understories of broad-leaved forests, on slopes or by streams.<br />
Guangxi (Dongxing, Guiping).<br />
149. Begonia smithiana T. T. Yu, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh<br />
21: 44. 195<strong>1.</strong><br />
长 柄 秋 海 棠 chang bing qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, 5–10 mm in diam. Stems very<br />
short. Leaves mostly basal; stipules ovate, 3.5–5 × 2–3 mm,<br />
subglabrous, apex acuminate; petiole sometimes reddish, to 25<br />
cm, sparsely to densely hairy; blade sometimes purple-red on<br />
veins, ovate to broadly ovate, rarely oblong-ovate, asymmetric,<br />
(3.5–)5–9(–12) × 3–5(–8) cm, abaxially hirsute, adaxially<br />
sparsely hispidulous, venation palmate, 6- or 7-veined, base<br />
oblique cordate, margin irregularly serrate, very shallowly lobed,<br />
apex caudate or acuminate. Inflorescences 12–20(–30) cm tall,<br />
subglabrous. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>2–2.0 cm; tepals 4,<br />
pinkish, outer 2 broadly ovate, 1–<strong>1.</strong>4 × 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm, abaxially<br />
hairy, inner 2 oblong-ovate, 0.6–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm × 3–9 mm; stamens 68–<br />
81; filaments 1–3.9 mm, fused at base; anthers obovoid, 1–<strong>1.</strong>7<br />
mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 5, pinkish,<br />
largest broadly ovate, 8–14 × 7–13 mm, abaxially pilose, smallest<br />
narrowly elliptic to oblong-obovate, 4–14 × 2–10 mm;<br />
ovary sparsely hairy, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 2, fused to 2/3, ca. 4.7 mm; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule<br />
nodding, obovoid-globose, unequally 3-winged; abaxial<br />
wing subtriangular, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm, apex obtuse; lateral wings smaller.<br />
Fl. Aug, fr. Sep.<br />
● Forests or scrubby vegetation, on rocks in shaded moist environments<br />
along streams or in valleys; 700–1300 m. Guizhou, Hubei,<br />
Hunan, Sichuan.<br />
150. Begonia subhowii S. H. Huang, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 21: 20.<br />
1999.<br />
粉 叶 秋 海 棠 fen ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate. Stems absent or very short.<br />
Leaves mostly basal; petiole 18–20 cm, glabrous; blade obliquely<br />
ovate, asymmetric, 4.5–9 × 10–11 cm, glabrous, venation<br />
palmate, base cordate, margin irregularly serrulate, apex acute<br />
to shortly caudate. Inflorescences glabrous; bracts ovate, to 5 ×<br />
3 cm, glabrous, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–2<br />
cm; tepals 4, white to pinkish, outer 2 elliptic, ca. 2 × <strong>1.</strong>2 cm,<br />
glabrous, inner 2 oblong, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × 0.6 cm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments ca. 1 mm; anthers obovoid-oblong, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 mm, apex<br />
rounded. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals 5, white to<br />
pinkish, unequal, broadly ovate to broadly elliptic; ovary glabrous,<br />
2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2, free;<br />
stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged;<br />
abaxial wing ligulate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 × <strong>1.</strong>3 cm; lateral wings ca. 7 mm.<br />
Forest understories, on limestone; 700–1500 m. Yunnan (Malipo)<br />
[Vietnam].<br />
This species is similar to Begonia howii but differs by its obliquely<br />
ovate leaves and the bracts up to 5 cm.<br />
15<strong>1.</strong> Begonia sublongipes Y. M. Shui, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 26:<br />
484. 2004.<br />
保 亭 秋 海 棠 bao ting qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, prostrate. Stems 28–30 cm, sparsely hispid. Leaves<br />
cauline; stipules ovate-triangular, 8–9 × 3–4 mm, glabrous,<br />
apex acuminate and cuspidate; petiole 5–14 cm, hispid; blade<br />
ovate-elliptic, asymmetric, 7–8 × ca. 4.5 cm, abaxially glabrous,<br />
adaxially pubescent on veins, venation palmate-pinnate, 5- or 6-<br />
veined, base strongly oblique, cordate, margin shallowly and<br />
sparsely denticulate, apex shortly acuminate. Staminate flowers:<br />
tepals 2. Pistillate flowers not seen. Capsule solitary, axillary,<br />
broadly obtriangular, ca. <strong>1.</strong>8 × 2 cm, glabrous, subequally 3-<br />
winged, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, 2–2.5<br />
mm, free; stigmas U-shaped, spiraled.<br />
● Forests. Hainan (Baoting).<br />
Begonia sublongipes is known only from the type gathering made<br />
in 1936. Further gatherings would be desirable to understand this entity.<br />
152. Begonia suboblata D. Fang & D. H. Qin, Acta Phytotax.<br />
Sin. 42: 177. 2004.<br />
都 安 秋 海 棠 du an qiu hai tang
200<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
Herbs rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, sometimes<br />
branched, villous; internodes 3–6 × 2–6 mm. Leaves all basal;<br />
stipules broadly or very broadly ovate, 3–5 × 3–6 mm, fimbriate;<br />
petiole 2–11 cm, densely villous; blade with veins<br />
purple-red on both surfaces when young, oblate-orbicular or<br />
reniform, 2.5–6 × 3.4–8 cm, herbaceous or thickly so, abaxially<br />
villous on veins, adaxially sparsely long-hirsute, basally 6–8-<br />
veined, smaller veins obscure, tertiary veins randomly reticulate,<br />
base cordate, margin denticulate and long-ciliate, without a<br />
distinct apex. Inflorescence axillary; peduncle 4–12 cm, glabrous<br />
or subglabrous; flowers 2–4 in 1–2 times branched dichasial<br />
cyme; bracts caducous, glabrous. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
5–15 mm; tepals 4, outer 2 nearly oblate-orbicular, 9–10 ×<br />
11–13 mm, inner 2 obovate, 6–7 × 3–3.5 mm, apex obtuse; stamens<br />
numerous; filaments 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm; anthers obovoid, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2<br />
mm, apex subemarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 6–10 mm;<br />
tepals 3, outer 2 nearly oblate-orbicular, ca. 6 × 8 mm, inner<br />
narrowly obovate, ca. 5 × 2.5 mm, apex obtuse; styles 3, fused<br />
at base, ca. 1 mm; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed at middle to lower<br />
part, placentation septal (parietal toward summit of ovary).<br />
Capsule nodding, ovoid, 7–10 × 5–7 mm, glabrous, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing lunate or suborbicular, ca. 5 mm. Fl.<br />
Apr.<br />
● On limestone rocks in forests; ca. 800 m. Guangxi (Du’an).<br />
153. Begonia summoglabra T. T. Yu, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst.<br />
Biol., n.s., 1: 117. 1948.<br />
光 叶 秋 海 棠 guang ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers globose, 5–8(–20) mm in diam.<br />
Leaves usually solitary, basal; stipules caducous, triangularovate,<br />
membranous, margin ciliate, apex acuminate; petiole 5.5–<br />
14.5 cm, glabrous; blade oblong-ovate, asymmetric, 8–16.2 ×<br />
4–11 cm, succulent, glabrous, venation palmate, base oblique,<br />
shallowly cordate, margin remotely serrulate; apex acuminate.<br />
Inflorescence terminal, 8–13 cm tall, glabrous; bracts caducous,<br />
lanceolate, 3–5 mm, membranous. Staminate flowers: pedicel<br />
8–10 mm; tepals 2, pink, suborbicular, ca. 1 × 1 mm; stamens<br />
numerous; filaments free, ca. 0.8 mm; anthers oblong, ca. 1<br />
mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 9–10 mm; tepals<br />
2, pink, broadly ovate or suborbicular, ca. 8 × 6 mm; ovary<br />
3-loculed; placentae axile, undivided; styles 3, free; stigmas U-<br />
shaped. Capsule immature, unequally 3-winged. Fl. Dec.<br />
● On rocks in moist environments; ca. 1400 m. Yunnan (Pingbian).<br />
154. Begonia ×taipeiensis C. I Peng, Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 41:<br />
15<strong>1.</strong> 2000.<br />
台 北 秋 海 棠 tai bei qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 cm in diam. Stems erect, 6–45<br />
cm, glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules caducous,<br />
broadly ovate or triangular, 8(–17) × 8(–15) mm, glabrous,<br />
margin entire, apex apiculate; petiole to 26(–35) cm, glabrous<br />
or sparsely pilose; blade asymmetric, lanceolate-ovate to ovate,<br />
6–14(–25) × 2.5–6.7(–1<strong>1.</strong>5) cm, herbaceous, sparsely scaberulous,<br />
venation palmate-pinnate, base obliquely cordate, margin<br />
irregularly denticulate or serrulate, very shallowly lobed; apex<br />
acuminate to apiculate. Inflorescences to 5 cm, glabrous; peduncle<br />
ca. 3 cm; bracts caducous, lanceolate to ovate, to 8(–17)<br />
× 3(–12) mm, glabrous, margin ciliate, apex mucronate. Staminate<br />
flowers: tepals 4, white or pinkish, glabrous, outer 2 broadly<br />
ovate, 4–9 × 4–10 mm, inner 2 broadly elliptic, 4–8 × 3–6<br />
mm; stamens 71–96; filaments free; anthers obovoid, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>2 ×<br />
0.4–0.5 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5 or 6, white or pinkish,<br />
glabrous, obovate to broadly obovate, unequal, 12–18 × 6–15<br />
mm; ovary glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 2 or 3, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding or<br />
pendulous, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular, 5–7 ×<br />
5–7 mm; lateral wings <strong>1.</strong>8–3 mm. 2n = 41*.<br />
● Forests; 200–500 m. N Taiwan (Taibei).<br />
This taxon is a natural hybrid between Begonia formosana and B.<br />
longifolia.<br />
155. Begonia taiwaniana Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo<br />
30(1): 125. 191<strong>1.</strong><br />
台 湾 秋 海 棠 tai wan qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia taiwaniana var. albomaculata S. S. Ying.<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes short, stout. Stems 40–200 cm tall, branching<br />
twice or more, glabrous. Leaves cauline; stipules caducous,<br />
narrowly ovate, to 2.7 × <strong>1.</strong>9 cm; petiole to 4(–7) cm, glabrous;<br />
blade green, occasionally with white dots, lanceolate, asymmetric,<br />
6–14 × <strong>1.</strong>5–4 cm, remotely scaberulous, venation palmatepinnate,<br />
5–8-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin irregularly<br />
serrulate, apex acuminate to caudate. Inflorescences 5–11 cm,<br />
glabrous; bracts caducous, narrowly triangular, to 2.1 × 0.9 cm,<br />
thickly papery, margin entire, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 1–2 cm; tepals 4, white to pinkish, glabrous, outer 2<br />
obovate to very broadly obovate, 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>8 × 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm; inner 2<br />
oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm × 4–8 mm; stamens<br />
64–91; filaments free; anthers very narrowly obovoid,<br />
0.9–<strong>1.</strong>8 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 1–2 cm; tepals 5(or 6),<br />
subequal, narrowly obovate to orbicular, 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm × 4–14<br />
mm; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule pendulous, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing falcate, <strong>1.</strong>7–2 cm; lateral wings<br />
smaller. Fl. Jun–Oct. 2n = 38*.<br />
● Forest understories. S Taiwan.<br />
156. Begonia taliensis Gagnepain, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.<br />
15: 279. 1919.<br />
大 理 秋 海 棠 da li qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers globose, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm in diam.<br />
Leaves 1(or 2), basal or sometimes 1 cauline; stipules caducous,<br />
membranous; petiole 21–41 cm, subglabrous or pilose;<br />
blade purplish on veins, suborbicular or oblate-orbicular, slightly<br />
asymmetric, (10–)13–23 × (13–)17–26 cm, abaxially subglabrous<br />
or sparsely hirsute, adaxially sparsely hirsute, venation<br />
palmate, 7–9-veined, base cordate, margin irregularly serrate,<br />
distinctly lobed, divided to 2/3 of leaf length; lobes 7–9,<br />
apex acute to acuminate; lobule present. Inflorescences terminal,<br />
racemose at base, 19–30 cm tall, glabrous; bracts caducous,<br />
ovate-lanceolate, ca. 5 mm, membranous, apex obtuse. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>2–2.5 cm; tepals 4, pinkish, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 × 1 cm, inner 2 oblong, ca. 7 × 3 mm;<br />
stamens numerous; filaments ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 mm, free; anthers obovoid,
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 201<br />
ca. <strong>1.</strong>1 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>2–2.5<br />
cm; tepals 3, pinkish, outer 2 ovate, ca. 10 × 8 mm, inner 2<br />
oblong, ca. 5.5 × 3 mm; ovary glabrous, veins distinct, 3-loculed;<br />
placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, fused at base; styles<br />
3; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule pendulous, ovoid-oblong,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm × 7–8 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular,<br />
2–2.4 × ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 cm; lateral wings smaller, ca. <strong>1.</strong>2 cm.<br />
Fl. Aug, fr. Sep.<br />
● Scrubby vegetation, forests; 1300–2400 m. W Yunnan.<br />
157. Begonia tengchiana C. I Peng & Y. K. Chen, Bot. Bull.<br />
Acad. Sin. 46: 265. 2005.<br />
藤 枝 秋 海 棠 teng zhi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes to 2.1 cm in diam. Stems 38–80 cm tall,<br />
to <strong>1.</strong>8 cm in diam. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules caducous,<br />
ovate to broadly ovate, to 2.4 × <strong>1.</strong>9 cm, margin entire, apex acuminate;<br />
petiole glabrous, 7–23 cm; blade ovate to suborbicular,<br />
9–25 × 7–18 cm, abaxially glabrous, adaxially sparsely scaberulous,<br />
venation palmate to palmate-pinnate, 6–9-veined, base<br />
oblique, cordate, margin remotely irregularly serrate or denticulate,<br />
apex acuminate. Inflorescences 10–24 cm; peduncle to 18<br />
cm; bracts caducous, ovate to broadly ovate, 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm × 4–13<br />
mm, thickly papery, glabrous, margin serrate, apex acute. Staminate<br />
flowers: tepals 4, margin slightly irregularly dentate, outer<br />
2 broadly orbicular to orbicular, <strong>1.</strong>1–2.3 × 0.9–2.2 cm, abaxially<br />
strigillose, inner 2 oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, 1–2.1 cm<br />
× 5–11 mm; stamens 39–68; anthers broadly oblanceolate to<br />
narrowly obovate, <strong>1.</strong>9–2.3 mm; filaments <strong>1.</strong>2–2.6 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: bracteoles in pairs, ca. 1 cm, narrowly lanceolate; tepals<br />
5(or 6), unequal or subequal, narrowly obovate to very<br />
broadly obovate, largest 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>9 × 0.6–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, smallest 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>6<br />
cm × 3–9 mm; ovary subglabrous, locules 3; placentae axile,<br />
bilamellate; styles 3, 4.2–5.1 mm, stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled.<br />
Capsule nodding, trigonous, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing<br />
shallowly triangular, to 5 mm; lateral wings to 3 mm. 2n = 82*.<br />
● Forests; 1500–1800 m. S Taiwan.<br />
158. Begonia truncatiloba Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 534. 1939.<br />
截 叶 秋 海 棠 jie ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, to 80 cm tall. Rhizomes elongate. Stems to <strong>1.</strong>7 cm<br />
in diam. Leaves basal and cauline; stipules oblong, to 4 cm,<br />
glabrous, apex acute, acuminate, or cuspidate; petiole to 45 cm,<br />
densely minutely hairy; blade ovate or oblate-orbicular, asymmetric,<br />
8–30 × 9–30 cm, densely minutely hairy when young,<br />
venation palmate, 7–9-veined, base slightly oblique, deeply cordate,<br />
margin irregularly denticulate, shallowly lobed, divided to<br />
1/3 of leaf length; lobes 5–7, apex acuminate. Inflorescences<br />
subglabrous; bracts caducous, ovate, to 2 cm, glabrous. Staminate<br />
flowers: pedicel 0.6–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm; tepals 4, white, outer 2 ovate,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>8 × <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, glabrous, inner 2 obovate, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm ×<br />
5.5–10 mm; stamens more than 200; filaments 2–4.2 mm; anthers<br />
oblong, <strong>1.</strong>3–2.5 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm;<br />
tepals 5, white, unequal, largest ovate, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>6 × <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm,<br />
smallest ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 × 0.8 cm; ovary glabrous or minutely hairy<br />
when young, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2,<br />
ca. 5.4 mm, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, oblong-elliptic,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>8–2.1 cm × 7–10 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial<br />
wing broadly ligulate, <strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>5 × 1–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm, apex obtuse; lateral<br />
wings smaller, 3–5 mm. Fl. May, fr. Jun. 2n = 22*.<br />
● Forests or in scrubby vegetation, shaded moist environments on<br />
slopes, in valleys or along streams; 1000–1600 m. SE Yunnan.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia edulis but differs by the truncate<br />
lobes of the leaf blade.<br />
159. Begonia tsoongii C. Y. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 280.<br />
1995.<br />
观 光 秋 海 棠 guan guang qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, dwarf. Rhizomes ca. 2 mm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules membranous, caducous; petiole 4.8–7.5 cm, sparsely<br />
brown hairy; blade oblong-ovate or rhomboid-ovate, slightly<br />
asymmetric, 6–6.5 × <strong>1.</strong>9–3 cm, abaxially brown hairy, adaxially<br />
subglabrous or sparsely hispidulous, venation palmate-pinnate,<br />
5-veined, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, margin remotely serrulate,<br />
apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences 7–<br />
17 cm tall, glabrous or subglabrous, with 1 or 2 flowers; bracts<br />
oblong or ovate, 6–8 × ca. 4 mm, membranous. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 4–12 mm; tepals 4, outer 2 broadly ovate or broadly<br />
oblong, ca. 8 × 6 mm, inner 2 obovate-oblong, ca. 6 × 4 mm;<br />
stamens numerous; filaments free; anthers oblong or obovoid.<br />
Pistillate flowers: tepals 4 or 5; ovary glabrous, probably 2-loculed;<br />
styles 2, ca. 2 mm, entirely fused; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled.<br />
Capsule nodding, oblong, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm × ca. 8 mm, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing ovate-oblong, ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 × 1 cm, apex<br />
rounded; lateral wings smaller, 2–3 mm. Fl. Jul–Aug, fr. Aug.<br />
● Guangxi (Qinzhou).<br />
This species is known only from the type gathering made in 1916.<br />
160. Begonia umbraculifolia Y. Wan & B. N. Chang, Acta Phytotax.<br />
Sin. 25: 322. 1987.<br />
伞 叶 秋 海 棠 san ye qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Leaves all basal; blade peltate, basally<br />
6(or 7)-veined, tertiary veins percurrent, mostly opposite, ± concave,<br />
spiderweblike. Inflorescences axillary, dichasial cymose.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–3 cm; tepals 4, outer 2 broadly<br />
ovate, <strong>1.</strong>6–<strong>1.</strong>9 × <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, base subrounded, apex obtuse or<br />
rounded, outside hairy, inner 2 elliptic, 7–10 × 4–6 mm, apex<br />
obtuse; stamens numerous; anthers obovoid-oblong, apex subtruncate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: pedicel 3–6 cm; tepals 3, outer 2<br />
suborbicular or broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>8 × <strong>1.</strong>6–2 cm, apex and<br />
base rounded, inner 1 elliptic; ovary ovoid-oblong, unequally 3<br />
winged, 1-loculed with parietal placentation; styles 3, fused at<br />
base. Capsule nodding, 14–26 × 5–8 mm.<br />
● Forest understories, valleys, on limestone; 200–500 m. Guangxi.<br />
1a. Rhizome long creeping, internodes<br />
2–4 cm; blade adaxially sparsely<br />
hispid; tepals pink; pedicel of<br />
pistillate flower without bracteole;<br />
ovary sparsely hirsute-villous ... 160a. var. umbraculifolia<br />
1b. Rhizome stout, internodes 0.5–1<br />
cm; blade adaxially densely shortly
202<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
hispid and setulose; tepals white;<br />
pedicel of pistillate flower with a<br />
bracteole; ovary hispid and<br />
hispidulose ........................................ 160b. var. flocculosa<br />
160a. Begonia umbraculifolia var. umbraculifolia<br />
伞 叶 秋 海 棠 ( 原 变 种 ) san ye qiu hai tang (yuan bian zhong)<br />
Rhizome long creeping, 5–8 mm in diam.; internodes 2–4<br />
cm. Leaves peltate; stipules lanceolate, narrowly ovate or elliptic,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–2 × 0.7–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; petiole 6–40 cm, villous to sparsely villous;<br />
blade abaxially pale green, adaxially deep green or browngreen,<br />
pale green on veins, suborbicular or broadly ovate, 6–23<br />
× 4–16 cm, herbaceous, abaxially hispid-pilose on veins, adaxially<br />
sparsely hispid, base rounded, slightly oblique, margin remotely<br />
and shallowly unequally serrate or undulate, apex acuminate<br />
to caudate. Inflorescences axillary; peduncle 25–30 cm,<br />
very sparsely retrorse-villous; flowers pink; bracts oblong to<br />
ovate, 10–15 × 6–7 mm, margin indistinctly and shallowly denticulate,<br />
apex obtuse. Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–2 cm,<br />
glandular villous; tepals 4, outer 2 broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>6–<strong>1.</strong>9 × <strong>1.</strong>4–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, outside sparsely villous, base subrounded, apex rounded,<br />
inner 2 narrow, elliptic, 7–8 × ca. 4 mm, apex obtuse; stamens<br />
numerous; filaments ca. <strong>1.</strong>3 cm; anthers obovoid-oblong,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>2–2 cm, apex subtruncate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 3–4 cm,<br />
glandular villous; outer 2 tepals <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>8 × <strong>1.</strong>6–2 cm, inner tepal<br />
ca. 8 mm; ovary ca. 10 × 8 mm, sparsely hirsute-villous. Capsule<br />
nodding, <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm, 3-winged. Fl. Oct–Nov. 2n = 30*.<br />
● Forest understories, valleys, on limestone; ca. 200 m. Guangxi<br />
(Long’an).<br />
160b. Begonia umbraculifolia var. flocculosa Y. M. Shui &<br />
W. H. Chen, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 27: 372. 2005.<br />
簇 毛 伞 叶 秋 海 棠 cu mao san ye qiu hai tang<br />
Rhizome stout, 1–2 cm in diam.; internodes 5–10 mm.<br />
Leaves all basal; petiole hirsute-villous; blade 10–21 × 7–16<br />
cm, distinctly rugose, abaxially densely red setose and setulose<br />
on veins, adaxially densely shortly hispid and setulose. Staminate<br />
flowers: white or very slightly pinkish, outer 2 tepals abaxially<br />
densely hispid. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 4–6 cm, with 1<br />
bracteole; ovary hispid and hispidulose. Fl. Sep–Oct. 2n = 30*.<br />
● Forest understories, valleys, limestone rock faces; 200–500 m.<br />
Guangxi (Daxin).<br />
16<strong>1.</strong> Begonia variifolia Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen, Acta Bot.<br />
Yunnan. 27: 372. 2005.<br />
变 异 秋 海 棠 bian yi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes 2–3 mm in diam.; internodes<br />
2–3 mm. Leaves basal; stipules reflexed, ovate, 5–6 × 3–<br />
4 mm; petiole 3–5 cm, densely hirsute-villous; blade ovate, 6–<br />
10 × 4–6 cm, papery, rugose, base cordate to peltate, margin serrulate<br />
and ciliate, apex acute. Inflorescences axillary, with 6–13<br />
flowers in a dichasial cyme; peduncle 8–21 cm, hirsute-villous;<br />
bracts oblong. Staminate flowers: tepals 4, outer 2 pink, with red<br />
veins, suborbicular, inner 2 pinkish, obovate; androecium zygomorphic;<br />
stamens numerous; anthers obovoid. Pistillate flowers:<br />
tepals 3, rarely 4, outer 2 pink, orbicular, glabrous; ovary<br />
coniform, villous, 3-winged, 1-loculed with parietal placentation;<br />
styles 3. Capsule nodding, ovate; subequally 3-winged;<br />
abaxial wing broadly oblong, 2–3 mm, apex subtruncate. Fl.<br />
Feb–Jun.<br />
● Limestone hills; ca. 500 m. Guangxi (Bama).<br />
162. Begonia versicolor Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg<br />
10: 546. 1939.<br />
变 色 秋 海 棠 bian se qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, 4–6 mm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules ovate or broadly triangular, 8–9 × 5.6–8 mm, abaxially<br />
brown hairy, apex cuspidate; petiole 10–14.5(–20) cm, brown<br />
hairy; blade green or red-purple on veins or with red-purple<br />
veins on green lamina, sometimes with white spots between<br />
veins, broadly ovate, strongly asymmetric, 5–1<strong>1.</strong>6 × 4–9.4 cm,<br />
densely villous, venation palmate, 5–7-veined, base strongly<br />
oblique, deeply cordate, margin densely and minutely denticulate,<br />
apex shortly acuminate or shortly caudate. Inflorescences<br />
14–20 cm tall, sparsely brown villous; bracts broadly oblong or<br />
oblong-ovate, 5–6.8 × <strong>1.</strong>5–2 mm, abaxially brown villous, apex<br />
obtuse or acute. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. 7 mm; tepals<br />
4(or 5), pink, outer 2 suborbicular, 8–9 × 7–8 mm, abaxially villous,<br />
inner 2(or 3) oblong, 4–5 × <strong>1.</strong>5–2 mm, apex acute; stamens<br />
numerous; filaments ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 mm; anthers obovoid-oblong,<br />
ca. 1 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>4 cm; tepals 5, unequal,<br />
largest suborbicular, ca. 10 × 9.3 mm, abaxially villous,<br />
smallest broadly obovate, ca. 6.5 × 3 mm; ovary oblong, ca. 4.5<br />
× 2.5 mm, villous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles<br />
3, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, obovoid-oblong,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular or ligulate,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>3–<strong>1.</strong>4 × ca. 1 cm, apex obtuse; lateral wings smaller. Fl.<br />
Jun–Sep, fr. Jul. 2n = 22*.<br />
● Forests, shaded moist environments on slopes or along stream<br />
banks; 1800–2100 m. SE Yunnan.<br />
163. Begonia villifolia Irmscher, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh<br />
21: 43. 195<strong>1.</strong><br />
长 毛 秋 海 棠 chang mao qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, to 80 cm tall. Rhizomes poorly developed, only<br />
seen in young stage. Stems to <strong>1.</strong>5 cm in diam., densely long<br />
hirsute. Leaves cauline; stipules oblong-ovate, to 3.7 cm, membranous,<br />
abaxially villous, apex cuspidate; petiole to 36 cm,<br />
densely long-hirsute; blade broadly ovate to ovate, rarely narrowly<br />
ovate, asymmetric, 9–34 × 7–25 cm, densely long villous,<br />
venation palmate, 6-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin<br />
densely and irregularly serrate, shallowly lobed, divided to 1/3<br />
of leaf length; lobes 3 or 4, apex long acuminate or caudateacuminate.<br />
Inflorescences 5–6 cm, densely villous; bracts caducous,<br />
hairy. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–3 cm; tepals 4, white,<br />
outer 2 broadly obovate, <strong>1.</strong>2–2.9 × 0.8–2.2 cm, abaxially villous,<br />
inner 2 obovate, 2.6–2.7 × ca. <strong>1.</strong>7 cm; stamens ca. 400;<br />
filaments <strong>1.</strong>1–3.5 mm, free; anthers elliptic, <strong>1.</strong>8–3.1 mm, apex<br />
acute. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 1–2.1 cm; tepals 5, subequal,<br />
variable in shape, 0.8–2.1 × 0.6–<strong>1.</strong>7 cm, abaxially villous;<br />
ovary densely villous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 203<br />
styles 2, fused at base, 4.8–9 mm; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule<br />
nodding, ellipsoid, 9–11 × 6–7 mm, unequally 3-winged;<br />
abaxial wing elliptic to orbicular, 2–3 cm; lateral wings smaller,<br />
4–5 mm. Fl. May–Jul, fr. Jul.<br />
Forests or scrubby vegetation, on rocks of shaded moist slopes or<br />
along streams; (1100–)1600–1700 m. SE Yunnan [Myanmar, Vietnam].<br />
164. Begonia wangii T. T. Yu, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., n.s.,<br />
1: 126. 1948.<br />
少 瓣 秋 海 棠 shao ban qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia cavaleriei H. Léveillé var. pinfaensis H. Léveillé.<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate, to 2.5 cm in diam. Leaves basal;<br />
stipules ovate, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm × 4–12 mm, glabrous, apex acuminate<br />
or cuspidate; petiole to 30 cm, glabrous; blade abaxially<br />
red, adaxially dark green, peltate, ovate-oblong to ovate-lanceolate,<br />
slightly asymmetric, 7–20 × 3–11 cm, ca. 2 mm thick, glabrous,<br />
venation palmate, 5–7-veined, base rounded, margin entire,<br />
apex acuminate. Inflorescences to 40 cm, glabrous; bracts<br />
ovate, 5–8 × 3–6 mm, glabrous, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>9 cm; tepals 2, pink, broadly ovate to oblateorbicular,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>9 × <strong>1.</strong>2–2.3 cm, apex acute; stamens ca. 60;<br />
filaments 1–3.7 mm, fused at base; anthers obovoid, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>7<br />
mm, apex truncate or emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel<br />
2.5–3.6 cm; tepals 2, pink, orbicular-ovate, <strong>1.</strong>4–2.1 × 1–2.5 cm,<br />
apex acute; ovary 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles<br />
3, 5.5–8.1 mm, free; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing lunate, ca. 5 × <strong>1.</strong>9–2 cm; lateral<br />
wings smaller, ca. 2 mm.<br />
● Scrubby vegetation, on limestone rocks; (600–)800–1000 m. W<br />
Guangxi (Jingxi, Napo), SE Yunnan (Malipo).<br />
165. Begonia wenshanensis C. M. Hu ex C. Y. Wu & T. C. Ku,<br />
Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 262. 1995.<br />
文 山 秋 海 棠 wen shan qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, 26–35(–39) cm tall. Rhizomes poorly developed,<br />
8–10 mm in diam. Stems subglabrous, sometimes branching.<br />
Leaves cauline; stipules caducous, ovate-lanceolate, ca. 7 mm,<br />
membranous, subglabrous, apex obtuse; petiole 2–4 cm, subglabrous;<br />
blade triangular-ovate, asymmetric, 7–12 × 4.5–7 cm,<br />
abaxially glabrous or sparsely hispidulous, adaxially sparsely<br />
hispidulous, base oblique, cordate, margin irregularly denticulate,<br />
very shallowly lobed, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate.<br />
Inflorescences 3.5–7 cm, glabrous; bracts lanceolate, 6–8<br />
mm, membranous. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm; tepals<br />
4, pinkish, outer 2 narrowly ovate, 1–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm, abaxially villous,<br />
inner 2 elliptic, ca. 3 × <strong>1.</strong>5 mm; stamens numerous; filaments<br />
ca. 2 mm, fused to halfway; anthers oblong, ca. 0.8 mm. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm; tepals 3, pinkish, unequal, largest<br />
broadly ovate, ca. 10 × 9 mm, glabrous, smallest elliptic, ca.<br />
5 × 2 mm; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 3; stigmas U-shaped, slightly spiraled. Capsule pendulous,<br />
ellipsoid, 9–11 × 5–6 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial<br />
wing narrowly triangular or falcate, ca. 1 cm; lateral wings smaller.<br />
Fl. Jul–Aug, fr. Aug.<br />
● Evergreen broad-leaved forests, moist environments along<br />
streams; 1400–2200 m. Yunnan (Funing, Wenshan).<br />
166. Begonia wilsonii Gagnepain, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.<br />
25: 28<strong>1.</strong> 1919.<br />
一 点 血 yi dian xie<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers compressed, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>2(–<strong>1.</strong>5) cm in<br />
diam. Leaves usually 1(or 2); stipules caducous, ovate-lanceolate;<br />
petiole 11–19(–25) cm, subglabrous; blade sometimes purple<br />
abaxially, broadly ovate, slightly asymmetric, 12–20 × 8–18<br />
cm, subglabrous, venation palmate, 6- or 7-veined, base oblique,<br />
shallowly cordate, margin irregularly serrulate, shallowly lobed,<br />
divided to 1/3 of leaf length; lobes 3–7(–9), apex long caudate.<br />
Inflorescences terminal, racemose at base, glabrous; peduncle<br />
8–35(–50) cm; bracts ovate-lanceolate, ca. 5 × 2 mm, membranous,<br />
apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 1–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm; tepals<br />
4, pinkish, outer 2 ovate to broadly ovate, <strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>2 × <strong>1.</strong>1–<br />
<strong>1.</strong>4 cm, glabrous; inner 2 oblong-obovate, 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm × 4–7<br />
mm; stamens 8–13; filaments fused at base, <strong>1.</strong>7–2 mm; anthers<br />
obovoid-oblong, <strong>1.</strong>4–2 mm, apex rounded or emarginate. Pistillate<br />
flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>8–2.2 cm; tepals 3 or 4, pinkish, outer 2<br />
broadly oblong or suborbicular, 12–14 × 9–10 mm, inner 1 or 2<br />
elliptic, 5–10 × 2–6 mm; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae<br />
axile, undivided; styles 3, ca. 3 mm, nearly free; stigmas U-<br />
shaped. Capsule pendulous, trigonous, clavate, 1–<strong>1.</strong>2 cm × 3–<br />
5 mm, wingless. Fl. Aug, fr. Sep.<br />
● Forest understories, on rocks in shaded moist environments on<br />
slopes or along streams. Chongqing (Nanchuan), Sichuan (Emei Shan,<br />
Hongxi).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia labordei but differs by the undivided<br />
placentae and the wingless capsule.<br />
167. Begonia wutaiana C. I Peng & Y. K. Chen, Bot. Bull.<br />
Acad. Sin. 46: 268. 2005.<br />
雾 台 秋 海 棠 wu tai qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes poorly developed. Stems 40–70 cm tall,<br />
to <strong>1.</strong>4 cm in diam. Leaves cauline; stipules caducous, lanceolate<br />
to ovate, <strong>1.</strong>8–2.4 × <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>5 cm, glabrous, margin entire, apex<br />
acuminate; petiole glabrous, 5–14 cm; blade lanceolate to narrowly<br />
ovate, 9–18 × 4–7 cm, glabrous, venation palmate-pinnate,<br />
6–9-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin irregularly serrulate,<br />
apex acuminate. Inflorescence 6–14 cm; peduncle to 11<br />
cm; bracts caducous, narrowly ovate to ovate, 0.9–2.1 cm × 5–<br />
15 mm, thickly papery, glabrous, margin entire, apex acuminate.<br />
Staminate flowers: tepals 4, white or pinkish, outer 2 orbicular,<br />
<strong>1.</strong>1–<strong>1.</strong>8 × 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm, inner 2 oblanceolate to narrowly<br />
obovate, 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm × 4–9 mm; stamens 41–53; filaments 2–<br />
2.8 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, 2.4–2.9 mm. Pistillate flowers:<br />
tepals 5(or 6), white or pinkish, unequal, narrowly obovate<br />
to orbicular, largest 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm × 7–15 mm, smallest 6–13 × 4–<br />
7 mm; ovary ellipsoid, locules 2; placentae axile, bilamellate;<br />
styles 2, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule trigonous,<br />
unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing <strong>1.</strong>5–2.5 × <strong>1.</strong>5–2.3<br />
cm; lateral wings smaller. 2n = 52*.<br />
● Forests; 800–1800 m. S Taiwan.<br />
This species is similar to Begonia chuyunshanensis but differs by<br />
its longer anthers and 2-loculed ovary.
204<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
168. Begonia xanthina J. D. Hooker, Bot. Mag. 78: t. 4683.<br />
1852.<br />
黄 瓣 秋 海 棠 huang ban qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, to 40 cm tall. Rhizomes elongate. Leaves basal; stipules<br />
caducous, ovate to narrowly triangular, margin entire, apex<br />
acuminate to cuspidate; petiole 15–23 cm, subglabrous to sparsely<br />
pilose; blade broadly ovate, asymmetric, 17–26 × 15–22 cm,<br />
abaxially subglabrous or remotely pilose, adaxially glabrous,<br />
venation palmate, base oblique, cordate, margin remotely and<br />
finely serrulate, apex acute. Inflorescences glabrous; bracts<br />
ovate, to 2.3 × <strong>1.</strong>8 cm, glabrous, margin entire, apex acute.<br />
Staminate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–2 cm; tepals 4, yellow, glabrous,<br />
outer 2 elliptic, 2.1–2.2 × <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm, inner 2 narrowly obovate,<br />
ca. 2 × 0.9–1 cm; stamens numerous; filaments fused to halfway;<br />
anthers oblong, apex acute. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5,<br />
yellow, glabrous, unequal, obovate to oblong, largest <strong>1.</strong>5–2.2 ×<br />
<strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>6 cm, smallest <strong>1.</strong>2–<strong>1.</strong>6 × 0.8–<strong>1.</strong>3 cm; ovary glabrous, 2-<br />
loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2; stigmas 2-cleft,<br />
spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing<br />
falcate, ca. <strong>1.</strong>7 cm; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Sep–Oct, fr. Nov.<br />
Forests, rocky hills by streams; ca. 800 m. SW Yunnan [NE<br />
India].<br />
Begonia xanthina is a new distributional record reported for China<br />
by Peng et al. (Bot. Stud. 47: 92. 2006). It resembles B. rex but differs<br />
by the yellow tepals and the leaves, which lack long, setose hairs and<br />
the horseshoe-shaped spot.<br />
169. Begonia xingyiensis T. C. Ku, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 263.<br />
1995, not B. xinyiensis T. C. Ku (loc. cit.).<br />
兴 义 秋 海 棠 xing yi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers globose, 6–10 mm in diam.<br />
Leaves basal; stipules caducous, membranous; petiole 4–4.5<br />
cm, villous; blade broadly ovate or orbicular, asymmetric, 4.5–6<br />
cm, papery, sparsely villous, venation palmate, 7- or 8-veined,<br />
base oblique, slightly cordate, margin irregularly serrate or biserrate,<br />
apex obtuse. Inflorescences 4–8 cm tall, pilose; bracts<br />
caducous, lanceolate, 2–3 mm, membranous. Staminate flowers:<br />
pedicel 8–10 mm; tepals (3 or)4, purplish white, outer 2<br />
broadly ovate to obovate, 8–9 × ca. 5 mm, inner 2 obovate-oblong,<br />
ca. 7 × 4 mm; stamens numerous; filaments ca. 0.8 mm,<br />
fused at base; anthers oblong, ca. 0.5 mm. Pistillate flowers: tepals<br />
2, suborbicular, ca. 5 × 7 mm; styles 3, entirely fused. Fl.<br />
Aug.<br />
● On rocks in valleys; ca. 1100 m. Guizhou (Xingyi).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia labordei but differs by its 2-<br />
tepaled pistillate flowers.<br />
170. Begonia xishuiensis T. C. Ku, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 264.<br />
1995.<br />
习 水 秋 海 棠 xi shui qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers globose, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 cm in diam.<br />
Leaves 1 or 2 basal, with 1 or 2 smaller leaves on inflorescence;<br />
stipules caducous, 3.6–6.7 × 5.7–8.9 mm, margin denticulate,<br />
apex acute; petiole 9–14 cm, glabrous; blade purple abaxially,<br />
broadly ovate, slightly asymmetric, 11–16 × 8–10 cm; glabrous,<br />
venation palmate, 7-veined, base slightly oblique, shallowly<br />
cordate, margin very shallowly denticulate, shallowly lobed on<br />
upper half, divided to 1/3 of leaf length; lobes 3 or 4, apex<br />
acuminate or acute. Inflorescences terminal, 6–32 cm tall, glabrous;<br />
bracts caducous, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 2–4 × 1–<br />
2 mm, membranous. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. 0.5 mm; tepals<br />
2, broadly ovate, 6–11 × 6–12 mm; stamens 11–16; filaments<br />
fused at base, <strong>1.</strong>3–2.5 mm; anthers obovoid or subglobose,<br />
0.8–<strong>1.</strong>1 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel<br />
<strong>1.</strong>5–3.1 cm; tepals 2, suborbicular, 7–10 × 6–12 mm; ovary glabrous,<br />
3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, ca. 3.1<br />
mm, fused at base; stigmas U-shaped. Capsule pendulous, unequally<br />
3-winged; abaxial wing triangular, ca. 8 × 16 mm; lateral<br />
wings smaller, ca. 5 mm. Fl. May.<br />
● Forests, on shaded moist rocky slopes; 700–800 m. Guizhou<br />
(Xishui).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia summoglabra but differs by its<br />
herbaceous, shallowly lobed leaves.<br />
17<strong>1.</strong> Begonia yingjiangensis S. H. Huang, Acta Bot. Yunnan.<br />
21: 18. 1999.<br />
盈 江 秋 海 棠 ying jiang qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs. Rhizomes elongate. Stems very short. Leaves mostly<br />
basal; petiole 10.5–15 cm, densely brown pubescent; blade<br />
lanceolate, symmetric, 22–29.5 × 5–7.5 cm, abaxially densely<br />
brown pubescent, adaxially glabrous, base cuneate, margin subentire<br />
or slightly repand, apex acuminate or slightly caudate.<br />
Inflorescences 17–20 cm tall, brown pubescent; peduncle 3–9<br />
cm. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. 1 cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2<br />
broadly elliptic, ca. 10 × 6 mm; stamens numerous; filaments<br />
free, 1–2 mm; anthers oblong, ca. <strong>1.</strong>5 mm. Pistillate flowers not<br />
seen. Capsule nodding, ellipsoid, ca. 8 × 6 mm, brown pubescent,<br />
2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate, unequally 3-<br />
winged; abaxial wing ligulate, ca. 5 mm; lateral wings triangular,<br />
ca. 3 mm. Fl. Aug.<br />
● About 1100 m. Yunnan (Yingjiang).<br />
This species is known only by the type gathering made in 1980.<br />
172. Begonia yui Irmscher, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh<br />
21: 36. 195<strong>1.</strong><br />
宿 苞 秋 海 棠 su bao qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs, deciduous. Tubers globose, <strong>1.</strong>5–<strong>1.</strong>8 cm in diam.<br />
Leaves 1(or 2), basal or sometimes 1 cauline; stipules caducous,<br />
ovate, membranous, margin ciliate; petiole 4–12 cm, pilose or<br />
subglabrous; blade ovate or broadly ovate, slightly asymmetric,<br />
6–11(–14) × 5–7.5 cm, abaxially pilose, adaxially densely villous,<br />
venation palmate, 5- or 6-veined, base slightly oblique,<br />
shallowly cordate, margin minutely serrulate, apex shortly caudate.<br />
Inflorescences terminal, racemose at base, 13–20 cm tall,<br />
subglabrous; bracts ovate or oblong, 4–7 × 2–3.5 mm, membranous,<br />
glabrous, margin finely glandular serrate near apex, apex<br />
obtuse or rounded. Staminate flowers: pedicel ca. 1 cm; tepals<br />
4, pink, outer 2 broadly ovate, ca. 8 × 6.5 mm, abaxially villous,<br />
inner 2 elliptic, ca. 5.5 × 3 mm; stamens numerous; filaments
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 205<br />
1–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm; anthers obovoid or oblong, 0.7–0.8 mm, apex emarginate.<br />
Pistillate flowers: pedicel <strong>1.</strong>5–2 cm; bracteoles 2; tepals<br />
5, variable in shape; ovary villous, 3-loculed; placentae axile,<br />
bilamellate; styles 3, fused at base; stigmas U-shaped. Capsule<br />
pendulous, obovoid, 7–8 × 5–6 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial<br />
wing triangular; lateral wings smaller. Fl. Aug–Sep, fr. Sep.<br />
● On rocks in moist environments by stream banks in valleys;<br />
(1500–)2500–2900 m. Yunnan (Lincang, Zhenkang).<br />
This species is similar to Begonia labordei but differs by its pistillate<br />
flowers with 2 bracteoles.<br />
173. Begonia zhengyiana Y. M. Shui, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 40:<br />
374. 2002.<br />
吴 氏 秋 海 棠 wu shi qiu hai tang<br />
Herbs rhizomatous. Rhizomes creeping, villous; internodes<br />
5–10 mm. Leaves all basal; stipules broadly triangular,<br />
3–4 × 3–4 mm, glabrous, apex acute; petiole 2–6 cm, villous;<br />
blade reniform to suborbicular, 4–6 × 7–11 cm, thickly herbaceous,<br />
abaxially villous on veins, adaxially glabrous, basally 3–<br />
5-veined, tertiary veins randomly reticulate, obscure, base cordate<br />
or shallowly so, margin irregularly repand, denticulate and<br />
ciliate, without a distinct apex. Inflorescence axillary, flowers 4<br />
or 5 in dichasial cymes; peduncle 4–6.5 cm, glabrous; tepals<br />
pink. Staminate flowers: pedicel 6–7 mm, subglabrous; tepals 4,<br />
outer 2 larger, suborbicular, 7–8 × 5–6 mm, glabrous, apex<br />
rounded, inner 2 small, 7–8 × 2.5–3 mm; stamens numerous;<br />
filaments 0.6–0.7 mm, fused below into a short column; anthers<br />
oblong, 0.7–0.9 × 0.4–0.6 mm. Pistillate flowers: pedicel ca. 4<br />
mm; tepals 3, outer 2 orbicular, 3–4 × 3–4 mm, inner 1 elliptic,<br />
2.5–3 × ca. 1 mm; ovary 1-loculed with parietal placentae on<br />
upper part; styles 3, <strong>1.</strong>4–<strong>1.</strong>5 mm. Capsule nodding, ellipsoid,<br />
equally 3-winged, wings triangular, 3.5–4.5 × 0.9–<strong>1.</strong>2 mm, apex<br />
obtuse. Fl. Aug–Oct.<br />
● On limestone rock faces in seasonal rain forests or in limestone<br />
tropical seasonal forests; 500–600 m. SE Yunnan (Hekou, Maguan).<br />
Uncertain <strong>Sp</strong>ecies<br />
Begonia tessaricarpa C. B. Clarke in J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit.<br />
India 2: 636. 1879.<br />
陀 螺 果 秋 海 棠 tuo luo guo qiu hai tang<br />
Begonia tessaricarpa is a very rare and little-known<br />
species, represented only by the type gathering from Assam in<br />
NE India. It is possible that its holotype represents a stunted<br />
plant of B. roxburghii A. Candolle. However, it is difficult to be<br />
certain because several important characteristics are lacking on<br />
this specimen (Mark C. Tebbitt, pers. comm., 2005). Shui et al.<br />
(Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 43: 322. 2002) cited, without description,<br />
a gathering from Mêdog in SE Xizang as B. tessaricarpa.<br />
Infrageneric classification of Begonia<br />
Gu Cuizhi ( 谷 粹 芝 Ku Tsue-chih)<br />
The following infrageneric classification of Begonia in China is here proposed by the first author of this family treatment (Gu).<br />
Key to sections<br />
1a. Ovary 1-loculed, placentae parietal, bilamellate ........................................................................................... <strong>1.</strong> B. sect. Coelocentrum<br />
1b. Ovary 2–7-loculed, placentae axile, unilamellate or bilamellate.<br />
2a. Ovary 3-loculed.<br />
3a. <strong>Pl</strong>acentae bilamellate ................................................................................................................................. 2. B. sect. Begonia<br />
3b. <strong>Pl</strong>acentae unilamellate .................................................................................................................... 3. B. sect. Reichenheimia<br />
2b. Ovary 2- or 4–7-loculed.<br />
4a. Ovary 4–7-loculed.<br />
5a. Ovary 4-loculed, placentae bilamellate ..................................................................................... 4. B. sect. <strong>Sp</strong>henanthera<br />
5b. Ovary 5–7-loculed, placentae unilamellate .................................................................................... 5. B. sect. <strong>Pl</strong>eiothece<br />
4b. Ovary 2-loculed.<br />
6a. <strong>Pl</strong>acentae bilamellate .................................................................................................................. 6. B. sect. <strong>Pl</strong>atycentrum<br />
6b. <strong>Pl</strong>acentae unilamellate ................................................................................................................. 7. B. sect. Monolobium<br />
<strong>1.</strong> Begonia sect. Coelocentrum Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10: 553. 1939.<br />
侧 膜 胎 座 组 ce mo tai zuo zu<br />
Pistil composed of 3 carpels; ovary 1-loculed; placentae parietal, bilamellate, lamellae branched or unbranched.<br />
<strong>1.</strong> B. setulosopeltata C. Y. Wu<br />
2. B. asteropyrifolia Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen<br />
3. B. umbraculifolia Y. Wan & B. N. Chang<br />
4. B. ornithophylla Irmscher<br />
5. B. pseudodryadis C. Y. Wu<br />
6. B. lanternaria Irmscher<br />
7. B. guangxiensis C. Y. Wu<br />
8. B. austroguangxiensis Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen<br />
9. B. crystallina Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen<br />
10. B. debaoensis C. I Peng et al.<br />
1<strong>1.</strong> B. huangii Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen<br />
12. B. liuyanii C. I Peng et al.
206<br />
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong><br />
13. B. longistyla Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen<br />
14. B. luochengensis S. M. Ku et al.<br />
15. B. ningmingensis D. Fang et al.<br />
16. B. obliquifolia S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui<br />
17. B. platycarpa Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen<br />
18. B. variifolia Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen<br />
19. B. pseudodaxinensis S. M. Ku et al.<br />
20. B. pseudoleprosa C. I Peng et al.<br />
2<strong>1.</strong> B. retinervia D. Fang et al.<br />
22. B. picturata Yan Liu et al.<br />
23. B. semiparietalis Yan Liu et al.<br />
24. B. masoniana Irmscher ex Ziesenhenne<br />
25. B. cirrosa L. B. Smith & Wasshausen<br />
26. B. morsei Irmscher<br />
27. B. porteri H. Léveillé & Vaniot<br />
28. B. zhengyiana Y. M. Shui<br />
29. B. biflora T. C. Ku<br />
30. B. daxinensis T. C. Ku<br />
3<strong>1.</strong> B. luzhaiensis T. C. Ku<br />
32. B. rhynchocarpa Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen<br />
33. B. auritistipula Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen<br />
34. B. curvicarpa S. M. Ku et al.<br />
35. B. fangii Y. M. Shui & C. I Peng<br />
2. Begonia sect. Begonia<br />
秋 海 棠 组 qiu hai tang zu<br />
Pistil composed of 3 carpels; ovary 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate, lamellae occasionally branched.<br />
36. B. leprosa Hance<br />
37. B. longicarpa K. Y. Guan & D. K. Tian<br />
38. B. longifolia Blume<br />
39. B. ceratocarpa S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui<br />
40. B. josephii A. Candolle<br />
4<strong>1.</strong> B. peltatifolia H. L. Li<br />
42. B. pulvinifera C. I Peng & Yan Liu<br />
43. B. cavaleriei H. Léveillé<br />
44. B. wangii T. T. Yu<br />
45. B. hainanensis Chun & F. Chun<br />
46. B. taiwaniana Hayata<br />
47. B. sublongipes Y. M. Shui<br />
48. B. coptidimontana C. Y. Wu<br />
49. B. chitoensis T. S. Liu & M. J. Lai<br />
50. B. lukuana Y. C. Liu & C. H. Ou<br />
5<strong>1.</strong> B. chuyunshanensis C. I Peng & Y. K. Chen<br />
52. B. hymenocarpa C. Y. Wu<br />
53. B. ×buimontana Y. Yamamoto<br />
54. B. modestiflora Kurz<br />
55. B. ravenii C. I Peng & Y. K. Chen<br />
56. B. grandis Dryander<br />
57. B. wenshanensis C. M. Hu ex C. Y. Wu & T. C. Ku<br />
58. B. clavicaulis Irmscher<br />
59. B. guishanensis S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui<br />
60. B. glechomifolia C. M. Hu ex C. Y. Wu & T. C. Ku<br />
6<strong>1.</strong> B. cehengensis T. C. Ku<br />
62. B. ruboides C. M. Hu ex C. Y. Wu & T. C. Ku<br />
63. B. gulinqingensis S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui<br />
64. B. fordii Irmscher<br />
65. B. malipoensis S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui<br />
66. B. morifolia T. T. Yu<br />
67. B. alveolata T. T. Yu<br />
68. B. jingxiensis D. Fang & Y. G. Wei<br />
69. B. rongjiangensis T. C. Ku<br />
70. B. sinovietnamica C. Y. Wu<br />
7<strong>1.</strong> B. setifolia Irmscher<br />
72. B. picta Smith<br />
73. B. yui Irmscher<br />
74. B. dentatobracteata C. Y. Wu<br />
75. B. obsolescens Irmscher<br />
76. B. xingyiensis T. C. Ku<br />
77. B. xishuiensis T. C. Ku<br />
78. B. asperifolia Irmscher<br />
79. B. acutitepala K. Y. Guan & D. K. Tian<br />
80. B. rotundilimba S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui<br />
8<strong>1.</strong> B. fenicis Merrill<br />
82. B. labordei H. Léveillé<br />
83. B. discreta Craib<br />
84. B. fimbristipula Hance<br />
85. B. fimbribracteata Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen<br />
86. B. suboblata D. Fang & D. H. Qin<br />
87. B. muliensis T. T. Yu<br />
88. B. taliensis Gagnepain<br />
89. B. arboreta Y. M. Shui<br />
90. B. miranda Irmscher<br />
9<strong>1.</strong> B. lithophila C. Y. Wu<br />
92. B. imitans Irmscher<br />
3. Begonia sect. Reichenheimia (Klotzsch) A. Candolle, Prodr. 15(1): 385. 1864.<br />
单 座 组 dan zuo zu<br />
Reichenheimia Klotzsch, Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1854: 133, 174. 1855.<br />
Pistil composed of 3 carpels; ovary 3-loculed; placentae axile, unilamellate, lamellae usually unbranched.<br />
93. B. cylindrica D. R. Liang & X. X. Chen<br />
94. B. wilsonii Gagnepain<br />
95. B. summoglabra T. T. Yu<br />
96. B. henryi Hemsley<br />
97. B. parvula H. Léveillé & Vaniot<br />
98. B. chingii Irmscher<br />
99. B. filiformis Irmscher<br />
100. B. tengchiana C. I Peng & Y. K. Chen
<strong><strong>BEGONIA</strong>CEAE</strong> 207<br />
4. Begonia sect. <strong>Sp</strong>henanthera A. Candolle, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 11: 118. 1859.<br />
四 室 组 si shi zu<br />
Pistil composed of 4 carpels; ovary 4-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate, lamellae occasionally branched.<br />
10<strong>1.</strong> B. acetosella Craib<br />
102. B. lancangensis S. H. Huang<br />
103. B. silletensis (A. Candolle) C. B. Clarke subsp.<br />
mengyangensis Tebbitt & K. Y. Guan<br />
104. B. handelii Irmscher<br />
5. Begonia sect. <strong>Pl</strong>eiothece T. C. Ku, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): [401]. 1999.<br />
多 室 组 duo shi zu<br />
Pistil composed of 5–7 carpels; ovary 5–7-loculed; placentae axile, unilamellate, lamellae occasionally branched.<br />
B. balansana Gagnepain (Chinese records require confirmation; see comment under genus heading in above treatment)<br />
6. Begonia sect. <strong>Pl</strong>atycentrum A. Candolle, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 11: 134. 1859.<br />
二 室 组 er shi zu<br />
<strong>Pl</strong>atycentrum Klotzsch, Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1854: 136, 243. 1855, not Naudin (1852).<br />
Pistil composed of 2 carpels; ovary 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate, lamellae occasionally branched.<br />
105. B. sinofloribunda Dorr<br />
106. B. yingjiangensis S. H. Huang<br />
107. B. peii C. Y. Wu<br />
108. B. psilophylla Irmscher<br />
109. B. howii Merrill & Chun<br />
110. B. discrepans Irmscher<br />
11<strong>1.</strong> B. rockii Irmscher<br />
112. B. hatacoa Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don<br />
113. B. ×taipeiensis C. I Peng<br />
114. B. polytricha C. Y. Wu<br />
115. B. pinglinensis C. I Peng<br />
116. B. hongkongensis F. W. Xing<br />
117. B. hekouensis S. H. Huang<br />
118. B. nantoensis M. J. Lai & N. J. Chung<br />
119. B. gungshanensis C. Y. Wu<br />
120. B. formosana (Hayata) Masamune<br />
12<strong>1.</strong> B. emeiensis C. M. Hu ex C. Y. Wu & T. C. Ku<br />
122. B. villifolia Irmscher<br />
123. B. purpureofolia S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui<br />
124. B. cathayana Hemsley<br />
125. B. palmata D. Don<br />
126. B. flaviflora H. Hara<br />
127. B. baviensis Gagnepain<br />
128. B. truncatiloba Irmscher<br />
129. B. edulis H. Léveillé<br />
130. B. reflexisquamosa C. Y. Wu<br />
13<strong>1.</strong> B. lacerata Irmscher<br />
132. B. mengtzeana Irmscher<br />
133. B. lipingensis Irmscher<br />
134. B. digyna Irmscher<br />
135. B. macrotoma Irmscher<br />
136. B. sikkimensis A. Candolle<br />
137. B. longialata K. Y. Guan & D. K. Tian<br />
138. B. repenticaulis Irmscher<br />
139. B. dryadis Irmscher<br />
140. B. daweishanensis S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui<br />
14<strong>1.</strong> B. limprichtii Irmscher<br />
142. B. duclouxii Gagnepain<br />
143. B. subhowii S. H. Huang<br />
144. B. bouffordii C. I Peng<br />
145. B. rubinea H. Z. Li & H. Ma<br />
146. B. austrotaiwanensis Y. K. Chen & C. I Peng<br />
147. B. dielsiana E. Pritzel<br />
148. B. versicolor Irmscher<br />
149. B. xanthina J. D. Hooker<br />
150. B. megalophyllaria C. Y. Wu<br />
15<strong>1.</strong> B. longanensis C. Y. Wu<br />
152. B. tsoongii C. Y. Wu<br />
153. B. chishuiensis T. C. Ku<br />
154. B. brevisetulosa C. Y. Wu<br />
155. B. gagnepainiana Irmscher<br />
156. B. oreodoxa Chun & F. Chun ex C. Y. Wu & T. C. Ku<br />
157. B. augustinei Hemsley<br />
158. B. smithiana T. T. Yu<br />
159. B. manhaoensis S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui<br />
160. B. crocea C. I Peng<br />
16<strong>1.</strong> B. rex Putzeys<br />
162. B. forrestii Irmscher<br />
163. B. cucurbitifolia C. Y. Wu<br />
164. B. paucilobata C. Y. Wu<br />
165. B. algaia L. B. Smith & Wasshausen<br />
166. B. laminariae Irmscher<br />
167. B. scitifolia Irmscher<br />
168. B. circumlobata Hance<br />
169. B. pedatifida H. Léveillé<br />
170. B. rubropunctata S. H. Huang & Y. M. Shui<br />
17<strong>1.</strong> B. hemsleyana J. D. Hooker<br />
172. B. coptidifolia H. G. Ye et al.<br />
7. Begonia sect. Monolobium T. C. Ku, sect. nov.<br />
二 室 单 座 组 er shi dan zuo zu<br />
Type: Begonia wutaiana C. I Peng & Y. K. Chen.<br />
Ovarium 2-loculare, placentae axiales 1-segmentatae in quoque loculo.<br />
Pistil composed of 2 carpels; ovary 2-loculed; placentae axile, unilamellate, lamellae occasionally branched.<br />
173. B. wutaiana C. I Peng & Y. K. Chen